``	``
The	DT
DeLorme	NNP
PN-20	NNP
represents	VBZ
a	DT
new	JJ
breed	NN
of	IN
GPS	NNP
devices	NNS
.	.
...	:
a	DT
fantastic	JJ
device	NN
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
leads	VBZ
the	DT
way	NN
in	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
breed	NN
of	IN
GPS	NNP
devices	NNS
which	WDT
can	MD
display	VB
aerial	JJ
photography	NN
and	CC
satellite	NN
imagery	NN
.	.
For	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
dreamed	VBN
about	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
Google	NNP
Earth	NNP
type	NN
product	NN
in	IN
a	DT
handheld	JJ
device	NN
...	:
this	DT
is	VBZ
it	PRP
.	.
''	''
November	NNP
25	CD
,	,
2005	CD
marked	VBD
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
's	POS
ten	CD
year	NN
anniversary	NN
on	IN
the	DT
web	NN
!	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
largest	JJS
,	,
oldest	JJS
and	CC
most	RBS
comprehensive	JJ
web	NN
sites	NNS
available	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
and	CC
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
providing	VBG
information	NN
and	CC
support	NN
to	TO
sufferers	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
loved	VBN
ones	NNS
.	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
know	VB
your	PRP$
family	NN
members	NNS
?	.
You	PRP
might	MD
not	RB
know	VB
them	PRP
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
you	PRP
think	VBP
.	.
We	PRP
gathered	VBD
a	DT
listing	NN
of	IN
comments	NNS
from	IN
members	NNS
about	IN
what	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
really	RB
feeling	VBG
and	CC
what	WP
they	PRP
wished	VBD
their	PRP$
friends	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
really	RB
knew	VBD
about	IN
them	PRP
.	.
If	IN
You	PRP
Really	RB
Knew	VBP
Me	PRP
...	:
Our	PRP$
comprehensive	JJ
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
treatment	NN
finder	NN
at	IN
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
contains	VBZ
listings	NNS
from	IN
over	IN
1,800	CD
therapists	NNS
,	,
dieticians	NNS
,	,
treatment	NN
centers	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
professionals	NNS
worldwide	NN
working	VBG
to	TO
help	VB
those	DT
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
and	CC
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
recover	VB
.	.
Fully	RB
searchable	JJ
by	IN
category	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
type	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
country	NN
,	,
state	NN
,	,
area	NN
code	NN
,	,
name	NN
,	,
services	NNS
,	,
description	NN
or	CC
zipcode	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
Mission	NNP
:	:
We	PRP
are	VBP
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
raising	VBG
awareness	NN
about	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
...	:
emphasizing	VBG
always	RB
that	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
NOT	NNP
about	IN
food	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
;	:
They	PRP
are	VBP
just	RB
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
something	NN
deeper	JJR
going	VBG
on	IN
,	,
inside	IN
.	.
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
is	VBZ
determined	VBN
to	TO
remind	VB
each	DT
and	CC
every	DT
sufferer	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
and	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
alone	RB
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
complete	JJ
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
the	DT
loved-one	NN
of	IN
someone	NN
that	WDT
suffers	VBZ
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
use	NN
this	DT
website	NN
to	TO
educate	VB
yourself	PRP
.	.
The	DT
more	JJR
you	PRP
know	VBP
,	,
the	DT
more	JJR
you	PRP
are	VBP
equipped	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
support	NN
your	PRP$
loved-one	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
find	VB
help	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
recover	VB
.	.
And	CC
you	PRP
deserve	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
both	DT
.	.
Though	IN
our	PRP$
site	NN
should	MD
be	VB
friendly	JJ
to	TO
most	JJS
browsers	NNS
it	PRP
is	VBZ
best	JJS
viewed	VBN
on	IN
Internet	NNP
Explorer	NNP
4	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
higher	JJR
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
Netscape	NNP
4	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
higher	JJR
-RRB-	-RRB-
with	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
an	DT
800	CD
x	SYM
600	CD
screen	NN
resolution	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
seeing	VBG
the	DT
interactive	JJ
menu	NN
along	IN
the	DT
left	JJ
side	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
with	IN
drop-down	JJ
menus	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
you	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
download	VB
the	DT
FREE	NNP
Flash	NNP
Player	NNP
from	IN
Macromedia	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
it	PRP
usually	RB
takes	VBZ
under	IN
a	DT
minute	NN
on	IN
a	DT
standard	JJ
56K	NNP
connection	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
have	VB
Flash	NNP
you	PRP
will	MD
see	VB
a	DT
graphic	JJ
menu	NN
on	IN
the	DT
left	VBN
without	IN
drop-downs	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
also	RB
text	NN
menus	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
site	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
navigation	NN
.	.
The	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
is	VBZ
not	RB
meant	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
replacement	NN
for	IN
care	NN
from	IN
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
in	IN
medical	JJ
crisis	NN
please	VB
contact	NN
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
team	NN
,	,
therapist	NN
or	CC
dial	NN
911	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
equivalent	JJ
local	JJ
emergency	NN
number	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
area	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
suffering	VBG
with	IN
this	DT
illness	NN
have	VBP
a	DT
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
often	RB
a	DT
tremendous	JJ
need	NN
to	TO
control	VB
their	PRP$
surroundings	NNS
and	CC
emotions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
unique	JJ
reaction	NN
to	TO
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
external	JJ
and	CC
internal	JJ
conflicts	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
stress	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
unhappiness	NN
and	CC
feeling	NN
like	IN
life	NN
is	VBZ
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
.	.
Anorexia	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
negative	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
these	DT
emotions	NNS
.	.
New	NNP
research	NN
indicates	VBZ
that	IN
for	IN
a	DT
percentage	NN
of	IN
sufferers	NNS
,	,
a	DT
genetic	JJ
predisposition	NN
may	MD
play	VB
a	DT
role	NN
in	IN
a	DT
sensitivity	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
with	IN
environmental	JJ
factors	NNS
being	VBG
the	DT
trigger	NN
.	.
''	''
...	:
starvation	NN
fills	VBZ
a	DT
void	NN
inside	IN
when	WRB
it	PRP
's	VBZ
approval	NN
from	IN
you	PRP
I	PRP
crave	VBP
.	.
The	DT
desire	NN
for	IN
food	NN
is	VBZ
gone	VBN
and	CC
you	PRP
are	VBP
there	RB
again	RB
...	:
yelling	VBG
...	:
so	RB
negative	JJ
.	.
Times	NNP
like	IN
this	DT
filled	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
pounding	VBG
urge	NN
to	TO
run	VB
far	RB
away	RB
and	CC
disappear	VB
...	:
''	''
The	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
may	MD
be	VB
abnormally	RB
sensitive	JJ
about	IN
being	VBG
perceived	VBN
as	IN
fat	JJ
,	,
or	CC
have	VB
a	DT
massive	JJ
fear	NN
of	IN
becoming	VBG
fat	JJ
--	:
though	IN
not	RB
all	DT
people	NNS
living	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
have	VBP
this	DT
fear	NN
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
afraid	JJ
of	IN
losing	VBG
control	NN
over	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
food	NN
they	PRP
eat	VBP
,	,
accompanied	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
desire	NN
to	TO
control	VB
their	PRP$
emotions	NNS
and	CC
reactions	NNS
to	TO
their	PRP$
emotions	NNS
.	.
With	IN
a	DT
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
need	VB
for	IN
acceptance	NN
they	PRP
will	MD
turn	VB
to	TO
obsessive	JJ
dieting	NN
and	CC
starvation	NN
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
control	VB
not	RB
only	RB
their	PRP$
weight	NN
,	,
but	CC
their	PRP$
feelings	NNS
and	CC
actions	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
emotions	NNS
attached	VBN
.	.
Some	DT
also	RB
feel	VBP
that	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
deserve	VB
pleasure	NN
out	IN
of	IN
life	NN
,	,
and	CC
will	MD
deprive	VB
themselves	PRP
of	IN
situations	NNS
offering	VBG
pleasure	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
eating	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
behavioral	JJ
signs	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
:	:
obsessive	JJ
exercise	NN
,	,
calorie	NN
and	CC
fat	JJ
gram	NN
counting	NN
,	,
starvation	NN
and	CC
restriction	NN
of	IN
food	NN
,	,
self-induced	JJ
vomiting	NN
,	,
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
diet	NN
pills	NNS
,	,
laxatives	NNS
or	CC
diuretics	NNS
to	TO
attempt	VB
controlling	VBG
weight	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
persistent	JJ
concern	NN
with	IN
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
See	VB
Also	RB
,	,
Signs	NNS
and	CC
Symptoms	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
point	VB
out	RP
that	IN
there	EX
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
ways	NNS
a	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
from	IN
Anorexia	NNP
can	MD
portray	VB
their	PRP$
disorder	NN
.	.
The	DT
inherent	JJ
trait	NN
of	IN
a	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
Anorexia	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
attempt	VB
to	TO
maintain	VB
strict	JJ
control	NN
over	IN
food	NN
intake	NN
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
cases	NNS
a	DT
man	NN
or	CC
woman	NN
suffering	NN
will	MD
seem	VB
to	TO
eat	VB
normal	JJ
meals	NNS
with	IN
only	RB
periods	NNS
of	IN
restriction	NN
.	.
Anorexics	NNS
are	VBP
sometimes	RB
known	VBN
to	TO
eat	VB
junk	NN
food	NN
,	,
particularly	RB
candy	NN
,	,
to	TO
drink	VB
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
coffee	NN
or	CC
tea	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
to	TO
smoke	VB
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
deny	VB
hunger	NN
,	,
make	VBP
excuses	NNS
to	TO
avoid	VB
eating	NN
,	,
will	MD
often	RB
hide	VB
food	NN
they	PRP
claim	VBP
to	TO
have	VB
eaten	VBN
,	,
use	VBP
diet	NN
pills	NNS
to	TO
control	VB
appetite	NN
,	,
or	CC
attempt	NN
to	TO
purge	VB
the	DT
food	NN
away	RB
with	IN
self-induced	JJ
vomiting	NN
,	,
or	CC
by	IN
taking	VBG
laxatives	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
similarities	NNS
in	IN
both	DT
illnesses	NNS
,	,
the	DT
most	RBS
common	JJ
being	VBG
the	DT
cause	NN
.	.
There	EX
seems	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
common	JJ
occurence	NN
of	IN
sexual	JJ
and\/or	CC
physical	JJ
and	CC
emotional	JJ
abuse	NN
in	IN
direct	JJ
relation	NN
to	TO
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
though	IN
not	RB
all	DT
people	NNS
living	VBG
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
survivors	NNS
of	IN
abuse	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Depression	NN
.	.
The	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
sometimes	RB
causes	VBZ
the	DT
depression	NN
or	CC
the	DT
depression	NN
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
All	DT
in	IN
all	DT
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
very	RB
complex	JJ
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
--	:
Though	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
seem	VB
to	TO
be	VB
nothing	NN
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
dangerously	RB
obsessive	JJ
weight	NN
concern	NN
on	IN
the	DT
surface	NN
,	,
for	IN
most	JJS
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
there	EX
are	VBP
deeper	JJR
emotional	JJ
conflicts	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
resolved	VBN
.	.
The	DT
following	NN
is	VBZ
considered	VBN
the	DT
``	``
text	NN
book	NN
''	''
definition	NN
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
to	TO
assist	VB
doctors	NNS
in	IN
making	VBG
a	DT
clinical	JJ
diagnosis	NN
...	:
it	PRP
is	VBZ
in	IN
no	DT
way	NN
representative	NN
of	IN
what	WP
a	DT
sufferer	NN
feels	VBZ
or	CC
experiences	VBZ
in	IN
living	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
illness	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
note	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
still	RB
suffer	VB
from	IN
Anorexia	NNP
even	RB
if	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
below	IN
signs	NNS
is	VBZ
not	RB
present	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
also	RB
see	VB
the	DT
Signs	NNS
and	CC
Symptoms	NNS
section	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
In	IN
other	JJ
words	NNS
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
think	VBP
you	PRP
have	VBP
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
dangerous	JJ
to	TO
read	VB
the	DT
diagnostic	JJ
criteria	NNS
and	CC
think	VB
``	``
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
must	MD
not	RB
be	VB
Anorexic	JJ
''	''
.	.
Refusal	NN
to	TO
maintain	VB
body	NN
weight	NN
at	IN
or	CC
above	IN
a	DT
minimally	RB
normal	JJ
weight	NN
for	IN
age	NN
and	CC
height	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
weight	NN
loss	NN
leading	VBG
to	TO
maintenance	NN
of	IN
body	NN
weight	NN
less	JJR
than	IN
85	CD
%	NN
of	IN
that	DT
expected	VBN
;	:
or	CC
failure	NN
to	TO
make	VB
expected	VBN
weight	NN
gain	NN
during	IN
period	NN
of	IN
growth	NN
,	,
leading	VBG
to	TO
body	NN
weight	NN
less	JJR
than	IN
85	CD
%	NN
of	IN
that	DT
expected	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
''	''
...	:
the	DT
reflection	NN
staring	VBG
back	RB
at	IN
me	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
what	WP
you	PRP
see	VBP
...	:
my	PRP$
guilt	NN
running	VBG
the	DT
need	NN
to	TO
destroy	VB
my	PRP$
duration	NN
...	:
forcing	VBG
me	PRP
to	TO
seek	VB
guidance	NN
on	IN
an	DT
empty	JJ
plate	NN
of	IN
stolen	VBN
dreams	NNS
and	CC
fractured	JJ
rainbows	NNS
...	:
''	''
''	''
...	:
I	PRP
sense	VBP
a	DT
stranger	NN
filling	VBG
this	DT
silent	JJ
room	NN
with	IN
anguish	NN
...	:
a	DT
silence	NN
that	WDT
rattles	VBZ
against	IN
the	DT
windows	NNS
leaving	VBG
me	PRP
so	IN
cold	JJ
and	CC
numb	JJ
...	:
and	CC
somehow	RB
...	:
this	DT
feeling	NN
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
understand	VB
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
and	CC
enemy	NN
all	DT
wrapped	VBN
up	RP
in	IN
one	CD
...	:
''	''
The	DT
following	NN
is	VBZ
considered	VBN
the	DT
``	``
text	NN
book	NN
''	''
definition	NN
of	IN
Bulimia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
to	TO
assist	VB
doctors	NNS
in	IN
making	VBG
a	DT
clinical	JJ
diagnosis	NN
...	:
it	PRP
is	VBZ
in	IN
no	DT
way	NN
representative	NN
of	IN
what	WP
a	DT
sufferer	NN
feels	VBZ
or	CC
experiences	VBZ
in	IN
living	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
illness	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
note	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
still	RB
suffer	VB
from	IN
Bulimia	NNP
even	RB
if	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
below	IN
signs	NNS
is	VBZ
not	RB
present	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
also	RB
see	VB
the	DT
Signs	NNS
and	CC
Symptoms	NNS
section	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
In	IN
other	JJ
words	NNS
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
think	VBP
you	PRP
have	VBP
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
dangerous	JJ
to	TO
read	VB
the	DT
diagnostic	JJ
criteria	NNS
and	CC
think	VB
``	``
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
must	MD
not	RB
be	VB
Bulimic	JJ
''	''
.	.
Recurrent	JJ
inappropriate	JJ
compensatory	JJ
behavior	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
prevent	VB
weight	NN
gain	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
self-induced	JJ
vomiting	NN
;	:
misuse	NN
of	IN
laxatives	NNS
,	,
diuretics	NNS
,	,
enemas	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
medications	NNS
;	:
fasting	NN
;	:
or	CC
excessive	JJ
exercise	NN
.	.
''	''
...	:
intimidated	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
change	NN
...	:
in	IN
a	DT
brief	JJ
moment	NN
there	EX
might	MD
be	VB
too	RB
much	JJ
vulnerability	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
'll	MD
be	VB
left	VBN
wide	JJ
open	JJ
to	TO
really	RB
hurt	VB
...	:
all	PDT
these	DT
things	NNS
hanging	VBG
over	IN
me	PRP
,	,
weighing	VBG
me	PRP
down	RP
...	:
What	WP
will	MD
it	PRP
take	VB
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
darkness	NN
not	RB
so	RB
dark	JJ
?	.
''	''
People	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Compulsive	JJ
Overeating	NN
have	VBP
what	WP
is	VBZ
characterized	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
``	``
addiction	NN
''	''
to	TO
food	NN
,	,
using	VBG
food	NN
and	CC
eating	NN
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
hide	VB
from	IN
their	PRP$
emotions	NNS
,	,
to	TO
fill	VB
a	DT
void	NN
they	PRP
feel	VBP
inside	RB
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
daily	JJ
stresses	VBZ
and	CC
problems	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
People	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
this	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
tend	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
overweight	JJ
,	,
are	VBP
usually	RB
aware	JJ
that	IN
their	PRP$
eating	JJ
habits	NNS
are	VBP
abnormal	JJ
,	,
but	CC
find	VB
little	JJ
comfort	NN
because	IN
of	IN
society	NN
's	POS
tendency	NN
to	TO
stereotype	NN
the	DT
``	``
overweight	JJ
''	''
individual	NN
.	.
Words	NNS
like	IN
,	,
``	``
just	RB
go	VB
on	IN
a	DT
diet	NN
''	''
are	VBP
as	IN
emotionally	RB
devestating	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
as	IN
``	``
just	RB
eat	VB
''	''
can	MD
be	VB
to	TO
a	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
Anorexia	NNP
.	.
A	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
Compulsive	NNP
Overeater	NNP
is	VBZ
at	IN
health	NN
risk	NN
for	IN
a	DT
heart	NN
attack	NN
,	,
high	JJ
blood-pressure	NN
and	CC
cholesterol	NN
,	,
kidney	NN
disease	NN
and\/or	CC
failure	NN
,	,
arthritis	NN
and	CC
bone	NN
deterioration	NN
,	,
and	CC
stroke	NN
.	.
Every	DT
diet	NN
has	VBZ
failed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
lifer	NN
on	IN
Weight	NNP
Watchers	NNPS
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
through	IN
Nutra	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
But	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
about	IN
the	DT
weight	NN
...	:
it	PRP
's	VBZ
about	IN
the	DT
inability	NN
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
feelings	NNS
and	CC
emotions	NNS
...	:
about	IN
using	VBG
a	DT
bowl	NN
of	IN
pasta	NN
or	CC
a	DT
pound	NN
of	IN
m	NN
&	CC
m	NN
's	POS
as	IN
a	DT
narcotic	JJ
to	TO
stem	VB
the	DT
pain	NN
.	.
I	PRP
cry	VBP
because	IN
it	PRP
makes	VBZ
me	PRP
overweight	JJ
and	CC
no	DT
one	NN
sees	VBZ
the	DT
real	JJ
me	PRP
inside	IN
.	.
I	PRP
try	VBP
to	TO
show	VB
the	DT
real	JJ
me	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
think	VBP
that	IN
people	NNS
do	VBP
n't	RB
like	VB
me	PRP
because	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
overweight	JJ
.	.
Another	DT
catch	NN
22	CD
or	CC
chicken	NN
and	CC
egg	NN
thing	NN
.	.
I	PRP
see	VBP
my	PRP$
son	NN
gaining	VBG
weight	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
grieve	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
out	RP
...	:
but	CC
then	RB
I	PRP
realize	VBP
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
out	IN
...	:
only	RB
control	NN
...	:
and	CC
control	NN
is	VBZ
harder	JJR
than	IN
being	VBG
in	IN
our	PRP$
out	RP
.	.
Men	NN
and	CC
Women	NNS
living	VBG
with	IN
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
suffer	VBP
a	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
symptoms	NNS
similar	JJ
to	TO
those	DT
of	IN
Compulsive	NNP
Overeaters	NNPS
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
sufferer	NN
periodically	RB
goes	VBZ
on	IN
large	JJ
binges	NNS
,	,
consuming	NN
an	DT
unusually	RB
large	JJ
quantity	NN
of	IN
food	NN
in	IN
a	DT
short	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
less	JJR
than	IN
2	CD
hours	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
uncontrollably	RB
,	,
eating	VBG
until	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
uncomfortably	RB
full	JJ
.	.
The	DT
weight	NN
of	IN
each	DT
individual	NN
is	VBZ
usually	RB
characterized	VBN
as	IN
above	JJ
average	NN
or	CC
overweight	JJ
,	,
and	CC
sufferers	NNS
tend	VBP
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
more	RBR
difficult	JJ
time	NN
losing	VBG
weight	NN
and	CC
maintaining	VBG
average	JJ
healthy	JJ
weights	NNS
.	.
Unlike	IN
with	IN
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
purge	VB
following	VBG
a	DT
Binge	NN
episode	NN
.	.
Reasons	NNS
for	IN
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
similar	JJ
to	TO
those	DT
of	IN
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
;	:
Using	VBG
Binges	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
hide	VB
from	IN
their	PRP$
emotions	NNS
,	,
to	TO
fill	VB
a	DT
void	NN
they	PRP
feel	VBP
inside	RB
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
daily	JJ
stresses	VBZ
and	CC
problems	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
Binging	NN
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
keep	VB
people	NNS
away	RB
,	,
to	TO
subconsciously	RB
maintain	VB
an	DT
overweight	JJ
appearance	NN
to	TO
cator	NN
to	TO
society	NN
's	POS
sad	JJ
stigma	NN
``	``
if	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
fat	JJ
,	,
no	DT
one	NN
will	MD
like	VB
me	PRP
,	,
''	''
as	IN
each	DT
person	NN
suffering	NN
may	MD
feel	VB
undeserving	JJ
of	IN
love	NN
.	.
As	IN
with	IN
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
Binging	NNP
can	MD
also	RB
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
self-punishment	NN
for	IN
doing	VBG
``	``
bad	JJ
''	''
things	NNS
,	,
or	CC
for	IN
feeling	VBG
badly	RB
about	IN
themselves	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
note	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
still	RB
suffer	VB
from	IN
BED	NNP
even	RB
if	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
below	IN
signs	NNS
is	VBZ
not	RB
present	JJ
.	.
In	IN
other	JJ
words	NNS
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
think	VBP
you	PRP
have	VBP
BED	VBN
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
dangerous	JJ
to	TO
read	VB
the	DT
diagnostic	JJ
criteria	NNS
and	CC
think	VB
``	``
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
must	MD
not	RB
have	VB
it	PRP
''	''
.	.
The	DT
binge	NN
eating	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
associated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
regular	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
inappropriate	JJ
compensatory	JJ
behaviors	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
eg	FW
,	,
purging	VBG
,	,
fasting	NN
,	,
excessive	JJ
exercise	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
occur	VBP
exclusively	RB
during	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
or	CC
bulimia	NN
nervosa	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
first	JJ
memory	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
disorder	NN
was	VBD
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
8	CD
.	.
One	CD
night	NN
after	IN
dinner	NN
I	PRP
found	VBD
myself	PRP
rummaging	VBG
through	IN
the	DT
garbage	NN
to	TO
finish	VB
off	RP
what	WP
no	DT
one	NN
else	RB
wanted	VBD
.	.
No	DT
one	NN
was	VBD
around	RB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
secretive	JJ
about	IN
it	PRP
.	.
But	CC
was	VBD
my	PRP$
way	NN
of	IN
having	VBG
control	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
were	VBD
always	RB
critical	JJ
of	IN
who	WP
I	PRP
was	VBD
and	CC
my	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
especially	RB
.	.
I	PRP
'd	MD
eat	VB
in	IN
secret	JJ
,	,
gorging	VBG
myself	PRP
with	IN
more	JJR
food	NN
than	IN
necessary	JJ
,	,
way	NN
beyond	IN
the	DT
point	NN
of	IN
feeling	NN
full	JJ
.	.
Guilt	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
and	CC
fear	NN
would	MD
always	RB
ensue	VB
.	.
Feelings	NNS
of	IN
rage	NN
,	,
hatred	NN
and	CC
loathing	NN
would	MD
follow	VB
;	:
or	CC
severe	JJ
depression	NN
with	IN
suicidal	JJ
tendencies	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
know	VBP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
ironic	JJ
:	:
I	PRP
understand	VBP
my	PRP$
disease	NN
enough	RB
to	TO
know	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
all	DT
stems	VBZ
from	IN
issues	NNS
of	IN
control	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
feeling	VBG
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
and	CC
abusing	VBG
food	NN
to	TO
regain	VB
it	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
so	RB
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
abuse	VBP
food	NN
,	,
that	IN
it	PRP
just	RB
becomes	VBZ
a	DT
vicious	JJ
cycle	NN
day	NN
after	IN
day	NN
after	IN
day	NN
.	.
For	IN
your	PRP$
convenience	NN
,	,
below	IN
is	VBZ
a	DT
detailed	JJ
sitemap	NN
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
find	VB
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
information	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
looking	VBG
for	IN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
areas	NNS
to	TO
explore	VB
,	,
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
information	NN
to	TO
read	VB
,	,
awesome	JJ
resources	NNS
for	IN
treatment	NN
,	,
and	CC
some	DT
great	JJ
places	NNS
to	TO
find	VB
online	JJ
support	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
suggestion	NN
,	,
feel	VBP
free	JJ
to	TO
send	VB
us	PRP
e-mail	VB
.	.
Special	JJ
Bulletins	NNS
regarding	VBG
upcoming	JJ
conferences	NNS
,	,
seminars	NNS
and	CC
seeking	VBG
research	NN
participants	NNS
are	VBP
now	RB
being	VBG
posted	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Treatment	NNP
Finder	NNP
.	.
Please	VB
be	VB
sure	JJ
to	TO
update	VB
your	PRP$
bookmarks	NNS
,	,
as	IN
this	DT
notification	NN
is	VBZ
only	RB
temporary	JJ
.	.
Told	VBD
not	RB
to	TO
cry	VB
.	.
Hit	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
hand	NN
or	CC
a	DT
stick	NN
.	.
Sexually	RB
abused	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
might	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
the	DT
parental	JJ
conflicts	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
dysfunction	NN
,	,
it	PRP
might	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
dad	NN
's	POS
alcoholism	NN
or	CC
mom	NN
's	POS
push	NN
of	IN
food	NN
as	IN
comfort	NN
,	,
or	CC
maybe	RB
the	DT
death	NN
or	CC
abandonment	NN
of	IN
one	CD
or	CC
both	DT
parents	NNS
.	.
Maybe	RB
it	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
ridicule	NN
by	IN
peers	NNS
or	CC
the	DT
ingrained	JJ
phrase	NN
``	``
you	PRP
'd	MD
be	VB
better	JJR
only	RB
if	IN
...	:
''	''
Maybe	RB
not	RB
all	DT
of	IN
these	DT
things	NNS
,	,
maybe	RB
just	RB
one	CD
...	:
or	CC
maybe	RB
something	NN
else	RB
.	.
Either	DT
way	NN
this	DT
child	NN
felt	VBD
bad	JJ
.	.
As	IN
this	DT
child	NN
grew	VBD
so	RB
did	VBD
the	DT
bad	JJ
feelings	NNS
.	.
Sometimes	RB
it	PRP
was	VBD
easy	JJ
to	TO
feel	VB
loved	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
ice-cream	NN
.	.
Sometimes	RB
it	PRP
felt	VBD
good	JJ
to	TO
let	VB
built	VBN
up	RP
anger	NN
or	CC
sadness	NN
go	VBP
with	IN
vomitting	VBG
.	.
It	PRP
felt	VBD
good	JJ
to	TO
binge	NN
and	CC
then	RB
take	VB
laxatives	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
means	NN
of	IN
reaffirming	VBG
the	DT
bad	JJ
feelings	NNS
,	,
to	TO
self-punish	JJ
.	.
Sometimes	RB
the	DT
small	JJ
child	NN
felt	VBD
in	IN
control	NN
of	IN
life	NN
restricting	VBG
food	NN
intake	NN
or	CC
jogging	NN
for	IN
3	CD
hours	NNS
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
thing	NN
this	DT
small	JJ
child	NN
knew	VBD
was	VBD
that	IN
losing	VBG
weight	NN
would	MD
make	VB
life	NN
better	RB
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
concentrating	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
food	NN
made	VBD
it	PRP
forgettable	JJ
.	.
The	DT
child	NN
became	VBD
overweight	JJ
,	,
binging	NN
to	TO
fill	VB
the	DT
void	NN
.	.
``	``
Food	NNP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
only	JJ
friend	NN
,	,
it	PRP
will	MD
comfort	NN
me	PRP
.	.
''	''
The	DT
child	NN
could	MD
not	RB
seem	VB
to	TO
get	VB
enough	RB
,	,
the	DT
void	NN
was	VBD
never	RB
filled	VBN
but	CC
temporarily	RB
.	.
Plus	CC
,	,
the	DT
excess	JJ
weight	NN
made	VBD
it	PRP
easy	JJ
to	TO
keep	VB
people	NNS
away	RB
.	.
To	TO
steer	VB
clear	JJ
of	IN
vulnerability	NN
.	.
``	``
Life	NNP
would	MD
be	VB
better	JJR
if	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
just	RB
lose	VB
weight	NN
.	.
''	''
Cook	NNP
books	NNS
,	,
this	DT
diet	NN
,	,
that	IN
diet	NN
,	,
baking	NN
.	.
Endless	JJ
hours	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
kitchen	NN
preparing	VBG
food	NN
.	.
This	DT
child	NN
began	VBD
purging	VBG
after	IN
binges	NNS
...	:
the	DT
tension	NN
and	CC
self-hate	NN
seemed	VBD
to	TO
lift	VB
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
guilt	NN
from	IN
feeling	VBG
like	IN
a	DT
glutton	NN
for	IN
so	RB
many	JJ
things	NNS
,	,
for	IN
feeling	NN
selfish	JJ
,	,
for	IN
making	VBG
a	DT
mistake	NN
,	,
would	MD
fade	VB
.	.
Laxatives	NNS
and	CC
diet	NN
pills	NNS
,	,
dieuretics	NNS
and	CC
fasting	NN
.	.
``	``
My	PRP$
life	NN
will	MD
be	VB
good	JJ
when	WRB
I	PRP
lose	VBP
the	DT
weight	NN
.	.
''	''
Striving	VBG
for	IN
perfection	NN
,	,
this	DT
child	NN
began	VBD
to	TO
avoid	VB
food	NN
.	.
No	DT
more	RBR
than	IN
calories	NNS
today	NN
...	:
no	DT
more	JJR
than	IN
tomorrow	NN
.	.
The	DT
control	NN
was	VBD
unbelievable	JJ
!	.
``	``
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
feeling	VBG
well	RB
''	''
or	CC
``	``
I	PRP
already	RB
ate	VBD
.	.
''	''
No	DT
more	RBR
silly	JJ
faces	NNS
,	,
but	CC
a	DT
tired	JJ
and	CC
broken	JJ
body	NN
reflecting	VBG
back	RB
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
saying	VBG
,	,
``	``
just	RB
a	DT
few	JJ
more	JJR
pounds	NNS
and	CC
life	NN
will	MD
be	VB
better	RBR
.	.
''	''
``	``
This	DT
Child	NN
''	''
can	MD
be	VB
anyone	NN
from	IN
someone	NN
with	IN
Compulsive	JJ
Overeating	NN
to	TO
Anorexia	NNP
or	CC
Bulimic	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
your	PRP$
husband	NN
or	CC
wife	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
sister	NN
or	CC
brother	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
son	NN
or	CC
daughter	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
lover	NN
or	CC
friend	NN
,	,
a	DT
parent	NN
or	CC
grandparent	NN
,	,
an	DT
aunt	NN
or	CC
uncle	NN
,	,
a	DT
neice	NN
,	,
a	DT
nephew	NN
,	,
a	DT
cousin	NN
.	.
They	PRP
might	MD
be	VB
male	JJ
or	CC
female	JJ
,	,
any	DT
age	NN
,	,
and	CC
come	VB
from	IN
any	DT
race	NN
or	CC
religious	JJ
background	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
me	PRP
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
you	PRP
or	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
someone	NN
you	PRP
love	VBP
or	CC
know	VBP
.	.
To	TO
have	VB
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
disease	NN
of	IN
the	DT
self-esteem	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
broken	JJ
coping	VBG
mechanism	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
about	IN
being	VBG
addicted	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
behavior	NN
that	WDT
makes	VBZ
it	PRP
easy	JJ
to	TO
temporarily	RB
forget	VB
problems	NNS
and	CC
feelings	NNS
of	IN
depression	NN
and	CC
self	NN
hate	NN
,	,
stress	NN
and	CC
anxiety	NN
,	,
guilt	NN
and	CC
pressure	NN
.	.
Just	RB
like	IN
alcohol	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
symptom	NN
of	IN
alcoholism	NN
,	,
food	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
symptom	NN
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
or	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
.	.
The	DT
real	JJ
issues	NNS
are	VBP
hidden	VBN
away	RB
in	IN
each	DT
sufferers	NNS
heart	NN
and	CC
mind	NN
.	.
Melissa	NNP
was	VBD
the	DT
daughter	NN
of	IN
one	CD
of	IN
our	PRP$
members	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Family	NNP
&	CC
Friends	NNPS
Support	NN
Finder	NNP
.	.
As	IN
the	DT
owner	NN
of	IN
this	DT
site	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
at	IN
a	DT
loss	NN
for	IN
words	NNS
in	IN
losing	VBG
``	``
one	CD
of	IN
our	PRP$
own	JJ
''	''
.	.
Our	PRP$
sincerest	JJS
condolences	NNS
go	VBP
out	RP
to	TO
her	PRP$
family	NN
as	IN
we	PRP
have	VBP
lit	VBN
this	DT
candle	NN
ourselves	PRP
for	IN
the	DT
light	JJ
Melissa	NNP
was	VBD
in	IN
her	PRP$
loved-ones	JJ
lives	NNS
...	:
a	DT
light	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
never	RB
go	VB
out	RP
.	.
Karen	NNP
Carpenter	NNP
's	POS
passing	NN
was	VBD
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
publicized	JJ
deaths	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
It	PRP
helped	VBD
to	TO
begin	VB
to	TO
raise	VB
awareness	NN
of	IN
how	WRB
serious	JJ
these	DT
disorders	NNS
truly	RB
are	VBP
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
the	DT
media	NNS
began	VBD
reporting	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
the	DT
effects	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
potential	JJ
end-result	NN
to	TO
living	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
shame	NN
she	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
die	VB
,	,
a	DT
terrible	JJ
loss	NN
for	IN
her	PRP$
fans	NNS
,	,
friends	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
,	,
but	CC
her	PRP$
death	NN
became	VBD
important	JJ
in	IN
bringing	VBG
attention	NN
to	TO
the	DT
very-real	JJ
dangers	NNS
in	IN
struggling	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
In	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
suffer	VBP
from	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
uncommon	JJ
to	TO
find	VB
other	JJ
associated	VBN
psychological	JJ
disorders	NNS
that	WDT
co-exist	VBP
with	IN
their	PRP$
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and\/or	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
.	.
In	IN
some	DT
cases	NNS
,	,
their	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
secondary	JJ
symptom	NN
to	TO
an	DT
underlying	JJ
psychological	JJ
disorder	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
some	DT
people	NNS
who	WP
also	RB
suffer	VBP
with	IN
Multiple	NNP
Personality	NNP
Disorder	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
other	JJ
cases	NNS
,	,
the	DT
psychological	JJ
disorder	NN
may	MD
be	VB
secondary	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
with	IN
some	DT
people	NNS
also	RB
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Depression	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Men	NN
and	CC
women	NNS
may	MD
also	RB
suffer	VB
from	IN
both	DT
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
psychological	JJ
disorder	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
completely	RB
co-exist	VBP
with	IN
one	CD
another	DT
...	:
or	CC
they	PRP
can	MD
suffer	VB
from	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
and	CC
have	VBP
little	JJ
or	CC
no	DT
signs	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
additional	JJ
psychological	JJ
disorder	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Note	NN
:	:
The	DT
longer	JJR
a	DT
person	NN
suffer	VBP
,	,
the	DT
more	RBR
probable	JJ
that	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
dealing	VBG
with	IN
Depression	NN
or	CC
Anxiety	NN
as	RB
well	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
recovery	NN
process	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
that	IN
all	PDT
these	DT
issues	NNS
are	VBP
addressed	VBN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
a	DT
proper	JJ
diagnosis	NN
be	VB
determined	VBN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
some	DT
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
may	MD
also	RB
be	VB
exhibiting	VBG
other	JJ
addictive	JJ
or	CC
self-destructive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
.	.
As	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
reaction	NN
to	TO
a	DT
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
negative	JJ
means	NNS
of	IN
coping	VBG
with	IN
life	NN
and	CC
stress	NN
,	,
so	RB
are	VBP
other	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
addictions	NNS
.	.
These	DT
can	MD
include	VB
alcoholism	NN
,	,
drug	NN
addiction	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
illegal	JJ
,	,
prescription	NN
and\/or	CC
over-the-counter	JJ
medications	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
self-injury	NN
,	,
cutting	VBG
and	CC
self-mutilation	NN
.	.
For	IN
some	DT
,	,
they	PRP
may	MD
find	VB
it	PRP
easier	JJR
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
real	JJ
physical	JJ
pain	NN
than	IN
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
their	PRP$
emotional	JJ
pain	NN
,	,
or	CC
some	DT
may	MD
feel	VB
emotionally	RB
numb	JJ
and	CC
using	VBG
SIV	NNP
reminds	VBZ
them	PRP
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
alive	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
even	RB
feel	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
deserve	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
hurt	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
block	VB
out	RP
emotional	JJ
pain	NN
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
person	NN
feel	VBP
``	``
strong	JJ
''	''
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
stress	NN
and	CC
anger	NN
,	,
shame	NN
and	CC
guilt	NN
,	,
sadness	NN
,	,
and	CC
as	IN
a	DT
release	NN
for	IN
emotions	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
built	VBN
up	RP
inside	IN
.	.
SIV	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
mild	JJ
to	TO
severe	JJ
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
should	MD
never	RB
be	VB
confused	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
conscious	JJ
attempt	NN
to	TO
commit	VB
suicide	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
though	IN
some	DT
may	MD
die	VB
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
actions	NNS
,	,
this	DT
is	VBZ
relatively	RB
uncommon	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
SIV	NNP
can	MD
include	VB
cutting	VBG
,	,
burning	NN
,	,
punching	NN
,	,
slapping	NN
,	,
hitting	VBG
oneself	NN
with	IN
an	DT
object	NN
,	,
eye-pushing	NN
,	,
biting	VBG
and	CC
head-banging	NN
,	,
and	CC
less	JJR
common	JJ
methods	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
those	DT
that	WDT
have	VBP
long-lasting	JJ
or	CC
life-long	JJ
effects	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
bone	NN
breaking	NN
,	,
or	CC
amputation	NN
.	.
Suffering	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
alone	RB
or	CC
combined	VBN
with	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
psychological	JJ
illness	NN
or	CC
addiction	NN
,	,
leaves	VBZ
each	DT
sufferer	NN
needing	VBG
new	JJ
and	CC
better	JJR
ways	NNS
to	TO
cope	VB
.	.
Check	VB
out	RP
the	DT
Ways	NNPS
to	TO
Cope	VB
section	NN
for	IN
some	DT
suggestions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
reach	VB
out	RP
for	IN
help	NN
.	.
Studies	NNS
have	VBP
shown	VBN
that	IN
women	NNS
who	WP
go	VBP
undiagnosed	JJ
as	IN
ADD	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
but	CC
do	VBP
infact	NN
have	VBP
it	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
much	RB
more	RBR
likely	JJ
to	TO
develop	VB
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
neurological	JJ
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
ADD\/ADHD	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
:	:
holding	VBG
onto	IN
negative	JJ
thoughts	NNS
and\/or	CC
anger	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
impulsivity	NN
both	DT
verbally	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
interrupting	VBG
others	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
in	IN
actions	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
acting	VBG
before	IN
thinking	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
There	EX
may	MD
also	RB
be	VB
unexplained	JJ
emotional	JJ
negativity	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
and	CC
even	RB
attempted	VBD
suicide	NN
.	.
To	TO
get	VB
a	DT
proper	JJ
diagnosis	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
whole	JJ
criteria	NNS
that	WDT
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
met	VBN
,	,
so	RB
if	IN
you	PRP
suspect	VBP
you	PRP
are	VBP
living	VBG
with	IN
ADHD	NNP
or	CC
ADD	NNP
,	,
please	VB
visit	NN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
links	NNS
below	IN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
all	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
that	WDT
do	VBP
not	RB
appear	VB
in	IN
any	DT
specific	JJ
weight	NN
range	NN
.	.
Those	DT
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
slightly	RB
overweight	JJ
...	:
while	IN
those	DT
with	IN
Compulsive	NNP
Eating	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
slightly	RB
underweight	JJ
.	.
Variations	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
who	WP
suffer	VBP
can	MD
be	VB
anywhere	RB
from	IN
extremely	RB
underweight	JJ
to	TO
extremely	RB
overweight	JJ
to	TO
anywhere	RB
in	IN
between	IN
.	.
The	DT
outward	JJ
appearance	NN
of	IN
anyone	NN
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
does	VBZ
NOT	RB
dictate	VB
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
physical	JJ
danger	NN
they	PRP
are	VBP
in	IN
,	,
nor	CC
does	VBZ
is	VBZ
determine	VB
the	DT
emotional	JJ
conflict	NN
they	PRP
feel	VBP
inside	RB
.	.
They	PRP
need	VBP
not	RB
display	VB
even	RB
close	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
below	IN
symptoms	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
danger	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
understand	VB
that	IN
even	RB
though	IN
a	DT
person	NN
may	MD
be	VB
suffering	VBG
specifically	RB
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
or	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
uncommon	JJ
for	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
exhibit	VB
behaviors	NNS
from	IN
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
three	CD
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
not	RB
uncommon	JJ
for	IN
one	CD
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
to	TO
be	VB
swapped	VBN
for	IN
another	DT
-LRB-	-LRB-
Example	NN
:	:
a	DT
person	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
switches	VBZ
to	TO
Bulimia	VB
;	:
a	DT
persons	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Compulsive	JJ
Overeating	NN
switches	VBZ
to	TO
Anorexia	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
why	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
aware	JJ
of	IN
THE	DT
DANGERS	NNS
BELOW	IN
,	,
all	DT
of	IN
which	WDT
are	VBP
risks	NNS
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WDT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
you	PRP
suffer	VBP
with	IN
.	.
Dehydration	NN
-	:
caused	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
depletion	NN
or	CC
lack	NN
of	IN
intake	NN
of	IN
fluids	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
body	NN
,	,
or	CC
by	IN
restriction	NN
of	IN
carbohydrates	NNS
and	CC
fat	JJ
.	.
Restriction\/Starvation	NNP
,	,
vomiting	NN
and	CC
laxative	NN
abuse	NN
are	VBP
the	DT
primary	JJ
causes	NNS
in	IN
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
Electrolyte	NNP
Imbalances	NNPS
-	:
electrolyte	NN
are	VBP
essential	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
production	NN
of	IN
the	DT
body	NN
's	POS
``	``
natural	JJ
electicity	NN
''	''
that	WDT
ensures	VBZ
healthy	JJ
teeth	NNS
,	,
joints	NNS
and	CC
bones	NNS
,	,
nerve	NN
and	CC
muscle	NN
impulses	NNS
,	,
kidneys	NNS
and	CC
heart	NN
,	,
blood	NN
sugar	NN
levels	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
delivery	NN
of	IN
oxygen	NN
to	TO
the	DT
cells	NNS
.	.
Hyponatremia	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
related	VBN
to	TO
``	``
water-loading	JJ
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
as	IN
stated	VBN
above	IN
,	,
electrolytes	NNS
are	VBP
essential	JJ
to	TO
proper	JJ
body	NN
functioning	NN
.	.
Drinking	NN
too	RB
much	JJ
water	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
more	JJR
than	IN
eight	CD
,	,
eight-ounce	JJ
glasses	NNS
in	IN
less	JJR
than	IN
twelve	CD
hours	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
can	MD
cause	VB
Hyponatremia	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
not	RB
enough	RB
sodium	NN
in	IN
the	DT
blood	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
especially	RB
in	IN
someone	NN
already	RB
malnurished	VBD
or	CC
dehydrated	VBD
.	.
Hyponatremia	NNP
can	MD
cause	VB
fluid	NN
in	IN
the	DT
lungs	NNS
,	,
the	DT
brain	NN
to	TO
swell	VB
,	,
nauseousness	NN
,	,
vomiting	NN
,	,
confusion	NN
and	CC
even	RB
death	NN
.	.
Refeeding	NNP
Syndrome	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
related	VBN
to	TO
treatment	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
Starved	VBN
or	CC
severely	RB
malnourished	JJ
patients	NNS
can	MD
undergo	VB
life-threatening	JJ
fluid	NN
and	CC
electrolyte	NN
shifts	NNS
following	VBG
the	DT
initiation	NN
of	IN
agressive	JJ
nutritional	JJ
support	NN
therapies	NNS
.	.
This	DT
phenomenon	NN
is	VBZ
known	VBN
as	IN
``	``
refeeding	NN
syndrome	NN
''	''
and	CC
can	MD
occur	VB
in	IN
patients	NNS
receiving	VBG
either	CC
enteral	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
tube	NN
feeding	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
parenteral	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
intravenous	JJ
feeding	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
nutritional	JJ
support	NN
.	.
To	TO
avoid	VB
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
the	DT
refeeding	NN
syndrome	NN
,	,
nutrition	NN
support	NN
in	IN
patients	NNS
at	IN
risk	NN
should	MD
be	VB
increased	VBN
slowly	RB
while	IN
assuring	VBG
adequate	JJ
amounts	NNS
of	IN
vitamins	NNS
and	CC
minerals	NNS
.	.
Organ	NN
function	NN
,	,
fluid	JJ
balance	NN
and	CC
serum	NN
electrolytes	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
especially	RB
phosphorus	NN
,	,
potassium	NN
and	CC
magnesium	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
monitored	JJ
daily	JJ
during	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
week	NN
and	CC
less	JJR
often	RB
thereafter	RB
.	.
Lanugo	SYM
-	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
soft	JJ
downy	NN
hair	NN
on	IN
face	NN
,	,
back	RB
and	CC
arms	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
caused	VBN
due	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
protective	JJ
mechanism	NN
built-in	NN
to	TO
the	DT
body	NN
to	TO
help	VB
keep	VB
a	DT
person	NN
warm	JJ
during	IN
periods	NNS
of	IN
starvation	NN
and	CC
malnutrition	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
hormonal	JJ
imbalances	NNS
that	WDT
result	VBP
.	.
Edema	NNP
-	:
swelling	VBG
of	IN
the	DT
soft	JJ
tissues	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
excess	JJ
water	NN
accumulation	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
most	RBS
common	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
legs	NNS
and	CC
feet	NNS
of	IN
Compulsive	NNP
Overeaters	NNPS
and	CC
in	IN
the	DT
abdominal	JJ
area	NN
of	IN
Anorexics	NNPS
and\/or	CC
Bulimics	NNPS
-LRB-	-LRB-
can	MD
be	VB
caused	VBN
by	IN
Laxative	NN
and	CC
Diuretic	NNP
use	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Paralysis	NN
-	:
transient	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
temporary	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
paralysis	NN
--	:
extreme	JJ
weakness	NN
of	IN
muscles	NNS
or	CC
not	RB
being	VBG
able	JJ
to	TO
move	VB
at	IN
all	DT
--	:
Caused	VBN
by	IN
low	JJ
levels	NNS
of	IN
potassium	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
the	DT
degeneration	NN
of	IN
nerve	NN
cells	NNS
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
spinal	JJ
cord	NN
or	CC
in	IN
the	DT
brain	NN
,	,
which	WDT
have	VBP
been	VBN
deprived	VBN
of	IN
essential	JJ
nutrients	NNS
.	.
Left	VBN
untreated	JJ
,	,
periods	NNS
of	IN
paralysis	NN
may	MD
happen	VB
more	RBR
frequently	RB
and	CC
more	JJR
severly	RB
,	,
lead	VBP
to	TO
permanent	JJ
muscle	NN
weakness	NN
,	,
and	CC
even	RB
result	VB
in	IN
death	NN
.	.
Ketoacidosis	NNS
-	:
high	JJ
levels	NNS
of	IN
acids	NNS
that	WDT
build	VBP
up	RP
in	IN
the	DT
blood	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
known	VBN
as	IN
ketones	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
caused	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
body	NN
burning	NN
fat	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
instead	RB
of	IN
sugar	NN
and	CC
carbohydrates	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
get	VB
energy	NN
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
starvation	NN
,	,
excessive	JJ
purging	VBG
,	,
dehydration	NN
,	,
hyperglycemia	NN
and\/or	CC
alcohol	NN
abuse	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
it	PRP
can	MD
also	RB
be	VB
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
uncontrolled	JJ
or	CC
untreated	JJ
diabetes	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
coma	VB
and	CC
death	NN
.	.
TMJ	NNP
``	``
Syndrome	NNP
''	''
and	CC
Related	NNP
TMJ	NNP
Problems	NNS
-	:
degenerative	JJ
arthritis	NN
within	IN
the	DT
tempero-mandibular	JJ
joint	NN
in	IN
the	DT
jaw	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
where	WRB
the	DT
lower	JJR
jaw	NN
hinges	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
skull	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
creating	VBG
pain	NN
in	IN
the	DT
joint	JJ
area	NN
,	,
headaches	NNS
,	,
and	CC
problems	NNS
chewing	VBG
and	CC
opening\/closing	VBG
the	DT
mouth	NN
.	.
Vitamin	NNP
deficiencies	NNS
and	CC
teeth	NNS
grinding	VBG
-LRB-	-LRB-
often	RB
related	VBN
to	TO
stress	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
can	MD
both	DT
be	VB
causes	NNS
.	.
Easily	RB
Bruising	VBG
Skin	NN
-	:
Vitamin	NNP
Deficiencies	NNPS
that	WDT
decrease	VBP
the	DT
body	NN
's	POS
ability	NN
to	TO
heal	VB
itself	PRP
,	,
low	JJ
blood	NN
pressure	NN
,	,
low	JJ
platelets	NNS
count	VBP
and\/or	CC
extreme	JJ
weight	NN
loss	NN
will	MD
all	DT
lead	NN
to	TO
easily	RB
bruised	VBN
skin	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
take	VB
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
to	TO
heal	VB
.	.
Gum	NNP
Disease	NNP
-	:
will	MD
be	VB
caused	VBN
by	IN
stomach	NN
acids	NNS
and	CC
enzymes	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
from	IN
vomiting	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
vitamin	VBN
D	NNP
and	CC
calcium	NN
defiencies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
hormonal	JJ
imbalance	NN
.	.
Can	MD
also	RB
be	VB
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
exercise	NN
the	DT
teeth	NNS
can	MD
get	VB
from	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
certain	JJ
foods	NNS
.	.
Dental	JJ
problems	NNS
can	MD
sometime	RB
indicate	VB
problems	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
heart	NN
.	.
Liver	NNP
Failure	NN
-	:
the	DT
liver	NN
aids	NNS
in	IN
removing	VBG
waste	NN
from	IN
cells	NNS
,	,
and	CC
aids	NNS
in	IN
digestion	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
live	VB
without	IN
your	PRP$
Liver	NN
.	.
Fasting	NN
and	CC
taking	VBG
acetaminophen	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
drug	NN
found	VBN
in	IN
over-the-counter	JJ
pain	NN
killers	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
increases	VBZ
your	PRP$
risks	NNS
for	IN
Liver	NNP
damage	NN
and	CC
failure	NN
.	.
Loss	NN
of	IN
menstruation	NN
and	CC
dehydration	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
putting	VBG
women	NNS
at	IN
risk	NN
for	IN
too	RB
much	JJ
iron	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
system	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
chronic	JJ
heart	NN
failure	NN
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
liver	VB
damage	NN
or	CC
failure	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
factors	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
having	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
heart	NN
problems	NNS
or	CC
a	DT
heart	NN
attack	NN
.	.
Sudden	JJ
cardiac	JJ
arrest	NN
can	MD
cause	VB
permanent	JJ
damage	NN
to	TO
the	DT
heart	NN
,	,
or	CC
instant	JJ
death	NN
...	:
electrolyte	NN
imbalances	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
especially	RB
potassium	JJ
deficiency	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
dehydration	NN
,	,
malnutrition	NN
,	,
low	JJ
blood	NN
pressure	NN
,	,
extreme	JJ
orthostatic	JJ
hypotension	NN
,	,
abnormally	RB
slow	JJ
heart	NN
rate	NN
,	,
electrolyte	NN
imbalances	NNS
,	,
and	CC
hormonal	JJ
imbalances	NNS
call	VBP
all	DT
cause	NN
serious	JJ
problems	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
heart	NN
,	,
high	JJ
blood	NN
pressure	NN
,	,
accumulation	NN
of	IN
fat	JJ
deposits	NNS
around	IN
the	DT
heart	NN
muscle	NN
,	,
high	JJ
cholesterol	NN
,	,
decreased	VBD
exercise	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
lack	NN
of	IN
mobility	NN
,	,
diabetes	NN
and	CC
hormonal	JJ
imbalances	NNS
can	MD
all	DT
lead	NN
to	TO
serious	JJ
problems	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
heart	NN
.	.
Infertility	NN
-	:
the	DT
inability	NN
to	TO
have	VB
children	NNS
.	.
Caused	VBN
by	IN
loss	NN
of	IN
menstrual	JJ
cycle	NN
,	,
and	CC
hormonal	JJ
imbalances	NNS
.	.
Malnutrition	NN
and	CC
vitamin	NN
deficiencies	NNS
can	MD
also	RB
make	VB
it	PRP
impossible	JJ
to	TO
succeed	VB
with	IN
a	DT
full-term	JJ
pregnancy	NN
,	,
and	CC
can	MD
increase	VB
the	DT
chances	NNS
significantly	RB
of	IN
a	DT
baby	NN
born	VBN
with	IN
birth	NN
defects	NNS
.	.
Polycystic	NNP
Ovarian	NNP
Syndrome	NNP
-	:
a	DT
study	NN
a	DT
few	JJ
years	NNS
ago	IN
suggested	VBD
that	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
were	VBD
at	IN
an	DT
increased	VBN
risk	NN
for	IN
developing	VBG
Polycystic	NNP
Ovarian	NNP
Syndrome	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
PCO	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
recovery	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
should	MD
be	VB
part	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
for	IN
PCO	NNP
.	.
Depression	NN
-	:
mood	NN
swings	NNS
and	CC
depression	NN
will	MD
all	DT
be	VB
cause	NN
by	IN
physiological	JJ
factors	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
electrolyte	NN
imbalances	NNS
,	,
hormone	NN
and	CC
vitamin	NN
deficiencies	NNS
,	,
malnutrition	NN
and	CC
dehydration	NN
.	.
Living	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
behaviors	NNS
themselves	PRP
will	MD
cause	VB
depression	NN
.	.
Pancreatitis	NN
-	:
this	DT
is	VBZ
when	WRB
the	DT
digestive	JJ
enzymes	NNS
attack	VBP
the	DT
pancreas	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
caused	VBN
by	IN
repeated	VBN
stomach	NN
trauma	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
with	IN
vomiting	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
alcohol	NN
consumption	NN
or	CC
the	DT
excessive	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
laxatives	NNS
or	CC
diet	NN
pills	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
possible	JJ
that	IN
lesions	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
brain	NN
caused	VBN
by	IN
long-term	JJ
malnutrition	NN
and	CC
lack	NN
of	IN
oxygen-carrying	JJ
cells	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
brain	NN
may	MD
play	VB
a	DT
role	NN
.	.
SOME	NNP
type	NN
of	IN
antidepressants	NNS
can	MD
increase	VB
the	DT
risk	NN
of	IN
seizure	NN
and	CC
usually	RB
carry	VBP
a	DT
warning	NN
against	IN
prescribing	VBG
them	PRP
to	TO
people	NNS
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
benefits	NNS
significantly	RB
outweigh	VBP
the	DT
risks	NNS
.	.
Death	NNP
caused	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
or	CC
any	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
heart	NN
attack	NN
or	CC
heart	NN
failure	NN
;	:
lung	NN
collapse	NN
;	:
internal	JJ
bleeding	NN
,	,
stroke	NN
,	,
kidney	NN
failure	NN
,	,
liver	NN
failure	NN
;	:
pancreatitis	NN
,	,
gastric	JJ
rupture	NN
,	,
perforated	JJ
ulcer	NN
,	,
depression	NN
and	CC
suicide	NN
.	.
Finding	VBG
Help	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
easy	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
takes	VBZ
the	DT
desire	NN
to	TO
recover	VB
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
motivation	NN
to	TO
find	VB
what	WP
works	VBZ
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
old-fashioned	JJ
ideas	NNS
still	RB
out	IN
there	RB
often	RB
it	PRP
's	VBZ
easy	JJ
to	TO
find	VB
our	PRP$
motivations	NNS
crushed	VBN
and	CC
to	TO
feel	VB
confused	JJ
.	.
The	DT
First	NNP
Step	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
reach	VB
in	IN
to	TO
yourself	PRP
.	.
To	TO
admit	VB
you	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
problem	NN
that	WDT
needs	VBZ
addressing	VBG
and	CC
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
decision	NN
to	TO
do	VB
it	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
takes	VBZ
time	NN
,	,
do	VBP
n't	RB
get	VB
down	RP
on	IN
yourself	PRP
if	IN
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
you	PRP
weeks	NNS
or	CC
months	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
first	JJ
phone	NN
call	NN
.	.
Once	RB
you	PRP
've	VBP
made	VBN
the	DT
decision	NN
you	PRP
will	MD
do	VB
it	PRP
.	.
Find	VB
a	DT
Doctor	NNP
you	PRP
feel	VBP
comfortable	JJ
with	IN
.	.
Everyone	NN
is	VBZ
entitled	VBN
to	TO
this	DT
.	.
Remember	VB
that	DT
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
is	VBZ
bound	VBN
by	IN
Doctor-patient	JJ
confidentiality	NN
laws	NNS
and	CC
that	IN
anything	NN
you	PRP
tell	VBP
him\/her	NN
should	MD
be	VB
kept	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
strictest	JJS
of	IN
confidence	NN
.	.
Talk	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
,	,
make	VBP
sure	JJ
he\/she	NN
is	VBZ
responsive	JJ
to	TO
your	PRP$
needs	NNS
and	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
be	VB
afraid	JJ
to	TO
ask	VB
questions	NNS
or	CC
inform	VB
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
of	IN
things	NNS
he\/she	VBP
may	MD
not	RB
know	VB
.	.
Finding	VBG
Treatment	NNP
,	,
Therapy	NNP
and	CC
Support	NN
Groups	NNS
is	VBZ
the	DT
next	JJ
step	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
essencial	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
towards	IN
permanent	JJ
recovery	NN
.	.
Ask	VB
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
if	IN
he\/she	NN
can	MD
refer	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
a	DT
therapist	NN
who	WP
will	MD
address	VB
your	PRP$
emotional	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
even	RB
have	VB
a	DT
friend	NN
or	CC
family	NN
member	NN
who	WP
can	MD
recommend	VB
someone	NN
.	.
Each	DT
doctor	NN
will	MD
play	VB
a	DT
role	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
--	:
Therapists	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
in	IN
charge	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
mind	NN
,	,
and	CC
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
should	MD
be	VB
in	IN
charge	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
also	RB
want	VB
to	TO
consider	VB
a	DT
dietician	NN
when	WRB
you	PRP
feel	VBP
ready	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
decide	VB
on	IN
an	DT
inpatient	NN
or	CC
outpatient	NN
program	NN
that	WDT
offers	VBZ
a	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
treatments	NNS
under	IN
one	CD
roof	NN
.	.
Read	VB
over	IN
the	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
treatment	NN
out	IN
there	RB
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
then	RB
visit	VB
the	DT
Treatment	NNP
Finder	NNP
to	TO
find	VB
a	DT
therapist	NN
or	CC
treatment	NN
center	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
area	NN
,	,
or	CC
refer	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
Helpful	NNP
Hotlines	NNPS
for	IN
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
referral	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Remember	VB
that	DT
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
about	IN
YOU	PRP
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
let	VB
anyone	NN
push	NN
you	PRP
into	IN
things	NNS
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
do	VB
...	:
but	CC
also	RB
be	VB
prepared	VBN
to	TO
keep	VB
an	DT
open	JJ
mind	NN
about	IN
things	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
recommended	VBN
.	.
If	IN
your	PRP$
doctors	NNS
suggests	VBZ
hospitalization	NN
ask	VB
yourself	PRP
why	WRB
he	PRP
might	MD
and	CC
remember	VB
that	IN
he	PRP
may	MD
see	VB
things	NNS
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
aware	JJ
of	IN
.	.
Ask	VB
him	PRP
to	TO
explain	VB
why	WRB
he	PRP
recommends	VBZ
things	NNS
and	CC
do	VBP
research	NN
yourself	PRP
.	.
Also	RB
remember	VBP
that	IN
if	IN
your	PRP$
nutrition	NN
levels	NNS
are	VBP
low	JJ
,	,
or	CC
if	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
electrolyte	NN
imbalances	NNS
or	CC
hormone	NN
and	CC
vitamin	NN
deficiencies	NNS
it	PRP
will	MD
effect	VB
your	PRP$
moods	NNS
and	CC
ability	NN
to	TO
see	VB
things	NNS
rationally	RB
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
put	VBN
you	PRP
in	IN
physical	JJ
danger	NN
.	.
You	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
underweight	JJ
to	TO
suffer	VB
from	IN
these	DT
things	NNS
and	CC
you	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
that	IN
your	PRP$
self-perception	NN
is	VBZ
distorted	VBN
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
try	VBP
to	TO
find	VB
support	NN
from	IN
a	DT
friend	NN
,	,
spouse	NN
or	CC
relative	JJ
.	.
Encouraging	VBG
words	NNS
can	MD
go	VB
a	DT
long	JJ
way	NN
.	.
Ask	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
read	VB
about	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
so	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
better	RBR
understand	VB
how	WRB
they	PRP
can	MD
support	VB
you	PRP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
problem	NN
finding	VBG
someone	NN
there	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
online	JJ
support	NN
options	NNS
available	JJ
across	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
,	,
but	CC
remember	VBP
that	IN
this	DT
will	MD
not	RB
replace	VB
the	DT
professional	JJ
help	NN
of	IN
a	DT
doctor	NN
and	CC
therapist	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
begin	VB
your	PRP$
search	NN
for	IN
treatment	NN
by	IN
visiting	VBG
the	DT
Treatment	NNP
Options	NNPS
section	NN
,	,
or	CC
by	IN
contacting	VBG
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
organizations	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
also	RB
phone	NN
numbers	NNS
you	PRP
can	MD
call	VB
during	IN
a	DT
crisis	NN
,	,
to	TO
find	VB
treatment	NN
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
get	VB
information	NN
.	.
Make	VB
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
things	NNS
you	PRP
expect	VBP
out	IN
of	IN
therapy	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
.	.
What	WP
type	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
do	VBP
you	PRP
want	VB
?	.
Are	VBP
you	PRP
looking	VBG
for	IN
group	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
?	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
prefer	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
an	DT
inpatient	JJ
facility	NN
?	.
Does	VBZ
an	DT
outpatient	NN
facility	NN
or	CC
clinic	NN
appeal	NN
to	TO
you	PRP
?	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
go	VB
once	RB
a	DT
week	NN
,	,
twice	RB
a	DT
week	NN
,	,
once	RB
a	DT
month	NN
?	.
Will	MD
your	PRP$
therapist	NN
be	VB
open	JJ
minded	VBN
to	TO
different	JJ
ideas	NNS
for	IN
your	PRP$
course	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
?	.
Are	VBP
you	PRP
okay	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
taking	VBG
medications	NNS
like	IN
anti-depressants	NNS
?	.
These	DT
are	VBP
all	DT
important	JJ
things	NNS
to	TO
think	VB
about	IN
when	WRB
looking	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
you	PRP
will	MD
feel	VB
comfortable	JJ
with	IN
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
all	DT
,	,
make	VB
sure	JJ
you	PRP
find	VBP
people	NNS
you	PRP
feel	VBP
you	PRP
can	MD
trust	VB
.	.
People	NNS
who	WP
treat	VBP
you	PRP
well	RB
and	CC
with	IN
respect	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
therapist	NN
need	MD
not	RB
be	VB
an	DT
``	``
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
''	''
specialist	NN
to	TO
treat	VB
you	PRP
effectively	RB
,	,
as	RB
long	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
willing	JJ
to	TO
address	VB
your	PRP$
emotional	JJ
conflicts	NNS
while	IN
remaining	VBG
aware	JJ
of	IN
your	PRP$
physical	JJ
health	NN
.	.
Therapist	NN
can	MD
range	VB
from	IN
formal	JJ
psychiatrists	NNS
to	TO
informal	JJ
counselors	NNS
,	,
from	IN
private	JJ
practices	NNS
to	TO
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
clinics	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
decide	VB
what	WP
type	NN
of	IN
therapy	NN
will	MD
work	VB
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
be	VB
afraid	JJ
to	TO
do	VB
some	DT
self	NN
exploration	NN
.	.
Reading	VBG
self-help	JJ
books	NNS
,	,
taking	VBG
workshops	NNS
,	,
going	VBG
to	TO
church	NN
groups	NNS
can	MD
all	DT
play	VB
a	DT
part	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
...	:
It	PRP
is	VBZ
an	DT
individual	JJ
choice	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
up	RB
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
Nothing	NN
replaces	VBZ
a	DT
therapist	NN
or	CC
treatment	NN
facility	NN
,	,
so	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
remember	VB
that	DT
whatever	WDT
you	PRP
decide	VBP
for	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
self-exploration	NN
it	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
some	DT
sort	NN
of	IN
professional	JJ
help	NN
.	.
Finding	VBG
people	NNS
who	WP
can	MD
understand	VB
and	CC
support	VB
you	PRP
can	MD
sometimes	RB
be	VB
difficult	JJ
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
feel	VB
there	EX
is	VBZ
anyone	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
offer	VB
you	PRP
the	DT
encouragment	NN
you	PRP
need	VBP
,	,
feel	VBP
free	JJ
to	TO
visit	VB
The	DT
Remember	VB
It	PRP
Hurts	VBZ
Bulletin	NNP
Board	NNP
and	CC
participate	VB
in	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
group	NN
discussions	NNS
there	RB
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
also	RB
find	VB
inspiration	NN
from	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
recovery	NN
stories	NNS
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
options	NNS
for	IN
finding	VBG
online	JJ
support	NN
.	.
It	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
sound	VB
important	JJ
,	,
or	CC
it	PRP
may	MD
even	RB
be	VB
embarrassing	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
very	RB
important	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
hospital	NN
doctors	NNS
and	CC
nurses	NNS
should	MD
you	PRP
lose	VB
consciousness	NN
,	,
suffer	VBP
kidney	NN
failure	NN
or	CC
have	VB
a	DT
heart	NN
attack	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
related	JJ
illness	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Even	RB
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
admitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Emergency	NN
Room	NN
for	IN
reasons	NNS
unrelated	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
medical	JJ
staff	NN
to	TO
be	VB
aware	JJ
of	IN
your	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
position	NN
to	TO
not	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
clearly	RB
communicate	VB
with	IN
the	DT
medical	JJ
staff	NN
,	,
they	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
know	VB
why	WRB
you	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
suffering	VBG
from	IN
your	PRP$
symptoms	NNS
,	,
and\/or	CC
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
treat	VB
you	PRP
quickly	RB
and	CC
effectively	RB
.	.
Read	VB
more	RBR
on	IN
this	DT
here	RB
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
thing	NN
to	TO
keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
as	IN
an	DT
``	``
outsider	NN
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
not	RB
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
yourself	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
there	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
things	NNS
you	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
do	VB
to	TO
help	VB
a	DT
family	NN
member	NN
or	CC
friend	NN
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
force	VB
an	DT
Anorexic	JJ
to	TO
eat	VB
,	,
keep	VB
a	DT
bulimic	JJ
from	IN
purging	VBG
,	,
or	CC
make	VB
a	DT
Compulsive	NNP
Overeater	NNP
stop	VB
overeating	VBG
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
thing	NN
to	TO
realize	VB
once	RB
you	PRP
have	VBP
come	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
awareness	NN
that	WDT
your	PRP$
loved-one	NN
suffers	VBZ
from	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
that	IN
you	PRP
must	MD
not	RB
concentrate	VB
immediately	RB
on	IN
the	DT
food	NN
.	.
All	DT
forms	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
emotionally	RB
based	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
behaviors	NNS
are	VBP
only	RB
a	DT
symptom	NN
to	TO
emotional	JJ
and	CC
stress	NN
related	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
As	IN
said	VBD
many	JJ
times	NNS
on	IN
this	DT
site	NN
,	,
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
attempt	NN
to	TO
control	VB
,	,
hide	VB
,	,
stuff	NN
,	,
avoid	VB
and	CC
forget	VB
emotional	JJ
pain	NN
,	,
stress	NN
and\/or	CC
self-hate	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
the	DT
parent	NN
of	IN
a	DT
child	NN
under	IN
18	CD
you	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
difficult	JJ
decisions	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
regarding	VBG
their	PRP$
care	NN
.	.
Regardless	RB
of	IN
pleas	NNS
to	TO
``	``
not	RB
make	VB
me	PRP
,	,
''	''
and	CC
promises	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
behavior	NN
will	MD
stop	VB
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
to	TO
stay	VB
very	RB
attuned	JJ
to	TO
what	WP
is	VBZ
happening	VBG
with	IN
your	PRP$
child	NN
and	CC
may	MD
have	VB
to	TO
force	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
doctors	NNS
and\/or	CC
the	DT
hospital	NN
.	.
Keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
how	WRB
serious	JJ
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNS
are	VBP
and	CC
that	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
kill	VB
.	.
If	IN
your	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
someone	NN
suffering	NN
from	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
or	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
is	VBZ
anything	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
their	PRP$
parent	NN
,	,
or	CC
if	IN
your	PRP$
child	NN
is	VBZ
over	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
18	CD
then	RB
you	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
force	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
seek	VB
help	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
support	VB
and	CC
encourage	VB
your	PRP$
loved	VBD
one	CD
,	,
and	CC
gently	RB
express	JJ
concern	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
best	JJS
thing	NN
you	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
is	VBZ
to	TO
learn	VB
to	TO
attentively	RB
listen	VB
.	.
Some	DT
options	NNS
for	IN
local	JJ
treatment	NN
are	VBP
here	RB
...	:
and	CC
a	DT
listing	VBG
a	DT
national	JJ
organizations	NNS
is	VBZ
here	RB
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
organizations	NNS
can	MD
refer	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
local	JJ
chapters	NNS
,	,
support	NN
groups	NNS
and	CC
therapy	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
area	NN
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
Anorexic	NNP
or	CC
Bulimic	NNP
who	WP
exhibits	VBZ
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
signs	NNS
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
essential	JJ
to	TO
encourage	VB
them	PRP
into	IN
medical	JJ
treatment	NN
,	,
in-patient	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
,	,
immediately	RB
:	:
Dizziness	NN
,	,
fatigue	NN
,	,
black-outs	NNS
,	,
extreme	JJ
temperature	NN
sensitivity	NN
,	,
chest	NN
pains	NNS
,	,
tingling	VBG
in	IN
hands	NNS
or	CC
feet	NNS
,	,
blood	NN
in	IN
stools	NNS
or	CC
vomit	NN
,	,
stomach	NN
pains	NNS
,	,
incontinence	NN
or	CC
uncontrollable	JJ
vomitting	NN
or	CC
diarrhea	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
25	CD
%	NN
or	CC
more	JJR
weight	NN
loss	NN
of	IN
total	JJ
average	JJ
body	NN
weight	NN
in	IN
a	DT
short	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
signs	NNS
and	CC
symptoms	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
physical	JJ
dangers	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
remember	VB
that	IN
the	DT
continued	VBN
behaviors	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
many	JJ
physical	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
further	JJ
emotional	JJ
difficulties	NNS
,	,
and	CC
even	RB
death	NN
.	.
Keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
there	EX
is	VBZ
n't	RB
a	DT
lot	NN
you	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
overall	RB
,	,
as	IN
an	DT
``	``
outsider	NN
''	''
to	TO
a	DT
close	JJ
family	NN
member	NN
or	CC
friend	NN
suffering	NN
from	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
up	RB
to	TO
the	DT
individual	JJ
suffering	NN
to	TO
decide	VB
they	PRP
are	VBP
ready	JJ
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
the	DT
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
life	NN
that	WDT
have	VBP
lead	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
their	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
They	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
choice	NN
for	IN
recovery	NN
and	CC
to	TO
want	VB
to	TO
do	VB
the	DT
work	NN
to	TO
get	VB
there	RB
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
one	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
make	VB
this	DT
choice	NN
for	IN
them	PRP
,	,
they	PRP
must	MD
want	VB
to	TO
do	VB
it	PRP
for	IN
themselves	PRP
.	.
For	IN
advanced	JJ
cases	NNS
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
will	MD
usually	RB
begin	VB
with	IN
stabilizing	VBG
the	DT
patient	NN
's	POS
health	NN
,	,
and	CC
from	IN
there	EX
it	PRP
is	VBZ
imperative	JJ
that	IN
a	DT
course	NN
of	IN
therapy	NN
,	,
both	DT
individual	JJ
and\/or	CC
group	NN
,	,
take	VB
place	NN
.	.
For	IN
cases	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
patient	NN
's	POS
life	NN
it	PRP
not	RB
in	IN
immediate	JJ
danger	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
they	PRP
seek	VBP
therapy	NN
,	,
from	IN
an	DT
experienced	JJ
therapist	NN
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
with	IN
or	CC
without	IN
group	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
Unfortunately	RB
,	,
more	RBR
often	RB
than	IN
not	RB
,	,
sufferers	NNS
tend	VBP
to	TO
reach	VB
life	NN
threatening	JJ
situations	NNS
before	IN
they	PRP
seek	VBP
help	NN
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
then	RB
.	.
And	CC
in	IN
some	DT
cases	NNS
,	,
once	RB
they	PRP
've	VBP
come	VBN
out	IN
of	IN
immediate	JJ
danger	NN
and	CC
left	VBD
the	DT
hospital	NN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
follow	VB
up	IN
of	IN
treatment	NN
,	,
so	IN
they	PRP
only	RB
find	VBP
themselves	PRP
back	RB
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
shortly	RB
after	IN
.	.
This	DT
can	MD
continue	VB
for	IN
years	NNS
and	CC
it	PRP
destructive	JJ
both	DT
emotionally	RB
and	CC
physically	RB
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
final	JJ
action	NN
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
lies	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
patient	NN
's	POS
desire	NN
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
.	.
Often	RB
times	NNS
they	PRP
feel	VBP
afraid	JJ
to	TO
ask	VB
for	IN
help	NN
,	,
or	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
feel	VB
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
proper	JJ
forum	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
to	TO
ask	VB
.	.
More	RBR
often	RB
than	IN
not	RB
,	,
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
sufferer	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
feel	VB
they	PRP
deserve	VBP
help	NN
.	.
These	DT
are	VBP
not	RB
words	NNS
of	IN
love	NN
,	,
but	CC
of	IN
control	NN
.	.
Threatening	VBG
an	DT
Anorexic	JJ
or	CC
Bulimic	JJ
with	IN
``	``
take-over	NN
''	''
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
good	JJ
idea	NN
if	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
trying	VBG
to	TO
help	VB
.	.
Let	VB
's	POS
try	VB
to	TO
keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
too	RB
,	,
like	IN
we	PRP
said	VBD
earlier	RBR
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
guilt	NN
attached	VBN
to	TO
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
so	RB
laying	VBG
it	PRP
on	IN
thick	JJ
with	IN
statements	NNS
like	IN
these	DT
only	RB
perpetuates	VBZ
that	IN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
close	RB
enough	RB
,	,
there	EX
's	VBZ
nothing	NN
wrong	JJ
with	IN
a	DT
gentle	JJ
``	``
Want	VB
to	TO
have	VB
some	DT
dinner	NN
with	IN
me	PRP
?	.
''	''
or	CC
``	``
Talk	NN
to	TO
me	PRP
''	''
after	IN
a	DT
meal	NN
,	,
but	CC
lets	VBZ
keep	VB
the	DT
mind	NN
games	NNS
to	TO
ourselves	PRP
.	.
With	IN
statements	NNS
like	IN
these	DT
the	DT
person	NN
seeking	VBG
to	TO
help	VB
is	VBZ
only	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
pacify	VB
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
own	JJ
guilt	NN
in	IN
not	RB
being	VBG
able	JJ
to	TO
help	VB
,	,
and	CC
looking	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
quick	JJ
fix	NN
.	.
Again	RB
,	,
with	IN
these	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
questions	NNS
you	PRP
are	VBP
only	RB
perpetuating	VBG
guilt	NN
.	.
You	PRP
're	VBP
basically	RB
saying	VBG
``	``
why	WRB
do	VBP
you	PRP
make	VB
everyone	NN
so	IN
miserable	JJ
''	''
and	CC
``	``
why	WRB
do	VBP
you	PRP
burden	NN
us	PRP
with	IN
all	PDT
this	DT
worry	NN
''	''
which	WDT
is	VBZ
nothing	NN
but	CC
selfish	JJ
,	,
and	CC
even	RB
if	IN
not	RB
meant	VBN
selfishly	RB
,	,
will	MD
only	RB
be	VB
perceived	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
``	``
do	VBP
n't	RB
burden	NN
us	PRP
with	IN
your	PRP$
problems	NNS
''	''
or	CC
``	``
look	NN
at	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
trouble	NN
you	PRP
're	VBP
causing	VBG
.	.
''	''
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
close	JJ
to	TO
someone	NN
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
you	PRP
might	MD
be	VB
if	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
reading	VBG
this	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
take	VBP
it	PRP
as	IN
an	DT
opportunity	NN
for	IN
yourself	PRP
to	TO
learn	VB
to	TO
communicate	VB
more	JJR
clearly	RB
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
more	JJR
understanding	NN
individual	NN
.	.
Those	DT
suffering	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
not	RB
DOING	VBG
anything	NN
to	TO
you	PRP
,	,
but	CC
are	VBP
struggling	VBG
tremendously	RB
themselves	PRP
,	,
inside	IN
.	.
You	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
keep	VB
this	DT
in	IN
mind	NN
when	WRB
posing	VBG
questions	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
selfishly	RB
motivated	VBN
or	CC
hurtful	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
even	RB
if	IN
unintentionally	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Those	DT
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
do	VBP
not	RB
choose	VB
to	TO
do	VB
this	DT
to	TO
themselves	PRP
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
conscious	JJ
choice	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
most	JJS
cases	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
where	WRB
a	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
would	MD
prefer	VB
that	IN
lifestyle	NN
as	IN
opposed	VBN
to	TO
one	CD
filled	VBN
with	IN
self-love	NN
and	CC
happiness	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
coping	VBG
mechanism	NN
,	,
a	DT
means	NN
for	IN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
depression	NN
,	,
stress	NN
and	CC
self-hate	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
built	VBN
up	RP
over	IN
many	JJ
years	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
reflection	NN
of	IN
how	WRB
the	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
feels	VBZ
about	IN
themselves	PRP
inside	RB
.	.
Wonderful	JJ
husbands	NNS
,	,
kids	NNS
,	,
supportive	JJ
friends	NNS
have	VBP
little	JJ
influence	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
other	JJ
than	IN
sometimes	RB
temporarily	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
creating	VBG
the	DT
true	JJ
self-esteem	NN
required	VBN
for	IN
permanent	JJ
recovery	NN
,	,
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
life	NN
positively	RB
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
learn	VB
to	TO
believe	VB
that	IN
we	PRP
deserve	VBP
good	JJ
things	NNS
in	IN
life	NN
and	CC
happiness	NN
.	.
These	DT
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
about	IN
the	DT
person	NN
suffering	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
they	PRP
feel	VBP
about	IN
themselves	PRP
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
were	VBD
white	JJ
,	,
middle	JJ
to	TO
upper	JJ
class	NN
,	,
american	JJ
women	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
tell	VB
you	PRP
,	,
from	IN
the	DT
hundreds	NNS
to	TO
thousands	NNS
of	IN
e-mail	NN
letters	NNS
I	PRP
have	VBP
received	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
sufferers	NNS
themselves	PRP
,	,
by	IN
far	RB
,	,
white	JJ
women	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
the	DT
only	JJ
ones	NNS
suffering	VBG
.	.
A	DT
great	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
researchers	NNS
are	VBP
focusing	VBG
in	IN
on	IN
why	WRB
there	EX
seems	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
an	DT
increase	NN
in	IN
the	DT
growing	VBG
number	NN
of	IN
Black	NNP
,	,
Hispanic	NNP
,	,
Asian	NNP
and	CC
Native	JJ
American	JJ
sufferers	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
coming	VBG
forward	RB
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
indeed	RB
are	VBP
afflicted	VBN
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
``	``
Dangerous	JJ
Eating	NNP
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Essence	NNP
Magazine	NNP
,	,
Villarosa	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
featured	VBD
an	DT
article	NN
on	IN
the	DT
subject	NN
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
is	VBZ
Black	NNP
women	NNS
,	,
providing	VBG
a	DT
possible	JJ
insight	NN
.	.
``	``
The	DT
Black-American	JJ
culture	NN
traditionally	RB
accepts	VBZ
more	RBR
fat	JJ
on	IN
women	NNS
than	IN
the	DT
White	NNP
culture	NN
,	,
but	CC
when	WRB
Black	NNP
middle-class	NN
women	NNS
become	VBP
integrated	VBN
into	IN
White	JJ
culture	NN
while	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
trying	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
ahead	RB
,	,
they	PRP
become	VBP
more	RBR
at	IN
risk	NN
of	IN
developing	VBG
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
''	''
As	IN
African-American	JJ
and	CC
Hispanic	JJ
women	NNS
compete	VBP
more	JJR
and	CC
more	RBR
in	IN
the	DT
professional	JJ
job	NN
market	NN
and	CC
face	VBP
the	DT
pressures	NNS
of	IN
trying	VBG
to	TO
succeed	VB
,	,
they	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
faced	VBN
with	IN
discrimination	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
society	NN
's	POS
portrayal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
successful	JJ
``	``
smart	JJ
,	,
beautiful	JJ
and	CC
thin	JJ
''	''
career	NN
woman	NN
.	.
There	EX
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
steady	JJ
increase	NN
in	IN
famous	JJ
African-American	JJ
and	CC
Hispanic	JJ
figures	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
media	NNS
.	.
While	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
thing	NN
that	WDT
helps	VBZ
to	TO
represent	VB
the	DT
truly	RB
diverse	JJ
country	NN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
is	VBZ
,	,
there	EX
may	MD
also	RB
be	VB
a	DT
``	``
down-side	NN
''	''
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
Young	NNP
white	JJ
women	NNS
and	CC
girls	NNS
faced	VBN
with	IN
thin	JJ
and	CC
beautiful	JJ
white	JJ
celebrities	NNS
aspire	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
like	IN
them	PRP
--	:
it	PRP
would	MD
make	VB
sense	NN
to	TO
think	VB
that	IN
young	JJ
Black	NNP
and	CC
Hispanic	JJ
women	NNS
and	CC
girls	NNS
,	,
when	WRB
faced	VBN
with	IN
seemingly	RB
beautiful	JJ
and	CC
thin	JJ
celebraties	NNS
sharing	VBG
the	DT
same	JJ
culture	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
Janet	NNP
Jackson	NNP
or	CC
Mariah	NNP
Carey	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
might	MD
also	RB
wish	VB
to	TO
achieve	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
physical	JJ
goals	NNS
.	.
The	DT
psychological	JJ
reasons	NNS
that	WDT
women	NNS
of	IN
color	NN
develop	VB
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNS
are	VBP
virtually	RB
the	DT
same	JJ
.	.
Family	NNP
problems	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
with	IN
negative	JJ
coping	VBG
mechanisms	NNS
like	IN
alcohol	NN
,	,
history	NN
of	IN
abuse	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
plus	CC
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
stress	NN
,	,
pain	NN
and	CC
anger	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
.	.
``	``
The	DT
more	JJR
a	DT
person	NN
is	VBZ
pressured	VBN
to	TO
emulate	VB
the	DT
mainstream	NN
image	NN
,	,
the	DT
more	JJR
the	DT
desire	NN
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
is	VBZ
adopted	VBN
,	,
and	CC
with	IN
it	PRP
an	DT
increased	VBN
risk	NN
for	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
body	NN
image	NN
dissatisfaction	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
''	''
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
take	VB
into	IN
consideration	NN
the	DT
awareness	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
spread	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
fifteen	CD
or	CC
so	RB
years	NNS
about	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
themselves	PRP
.	.
Whereas	IN
issues	NNS
of	IN
culture	NN
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
addressed	VBN
often	RB
enough	RB
,	,
there	EX
may	MD
still	RB
be	VB
a	DT
better	JJR
overall	JJ
knowledge	NN
of	IN
what	WP
these	DT
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
,	,
throughout	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
diverse	JJ
community	NN
.	.
Whether	IN
teens	NNS
and	CC
college	NN
students	NNS
are	VBP
getting	VBG
the	DT
education	NN
at	IN
their	PRP$
school	NN
,	,
through	IN
clinics	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
's	POS
centers	NNS
,	,
through	IN
the	DT
television	NN
or	CC
on	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
,	,
all	DT
groups	NNS
of	IN
people	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
more	RBR
apt	JJ
to	TO
recognize	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
illness	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
not	RB
alone	RB
.	.
Prior	RB
to	TO
1980	CD
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
highly	RB
unlikely	JJ
that	IN
any	DT
information	NN
,	,
let-alone	NN
accurate	JJ
information	NN
,	,
was	VBD
reaching	VBG
anyone	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
through	IN
doctor	NN
's	POS
offices	NNS
typcially	RB
treating	VBG
the	DT
white	JJ
,	,
middle-to-upper	JJ
class	NN
community	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
highly	RB
possible	JJ
that	IN
up	RB
until	IN
recently	RB
,	,
due	JJ
to	TO
lack	NN
of	IN
awareness	NN
and	CC
the	DT
stereotype	NN
that	IN
this	DT
was	VBD
a	DT
``	``
white	JJ
teen	NN
or	CC
college	NN
woman	NN
's	POS
disease	NN
''	''
,	,
many	JJ
women	NNS
of	IN
color	NN
were	VBD
either	RB
suffering	VBG
in	IN
silence	NN
or	CC
did	VBD
n't	RB
recognize	VB
how	WRB
severe	JJ
their	PRP$
problem	NN
could	MD
be	VB
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
Japan	NNP
Certified	NNP
Clinical	NNP
Psychologist	NNP
,	,
many	JJ
who	WP
came	VBD
for	IN
counseling	NN
often	RB
gave	VBD
their	PRP$
reason	NN
for	IN
doing	VBG
so	RB
as	IN
experiencing	VBG
problems	NNS
in	IN
having	VBG
healthy	JJ
interpersonal	JJ
relationships	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
with	IN
family	NN
or	CC
in	IN
social	JJ
environments	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
at	IN
college	NN
or	CC
within	IN
the	DT
workplace	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
still	RB
a	DT
great	JJ
shame	NN
attached	VBN
to	TO
seeking	VBG
counseling	NN
in	IN
Japan	NNP
,	,
and	CC
for	IN
this	DT
many	JJ
people	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
get	VB
the	DT
help	NN
they	PRP
need	VBP
or	CC
deserve	VBP
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
makes	VBZ
it	PRP
nearly	RB
impossible	JJ
to	TO
determine	VB
exactly	RB
how	WRB
many	JJ
victims	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
in	IN
Japan	NNP
.	.
Women	NNS
across	IN
Argentina	NNP
will	MD
resort	VB
,	,
at	IN
all	DT
costs	NNS
,	,
to	TO
look	VB
their	PRP$
best	JJS
and	CC
are	VBP
obsessed	VBN
with	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
an	DT
article	NN
written	VBN
by	IN
Lori	NNP
Leibovich	NNP
,	,
``	``
Some	DT
blamed	VBD
the	DT
nation	NN
's	POS
preoccupation	NN
with	IN
the	DT
body	NN
on	IN
the	DT
country	NN
's	POS
volatile	JJ
political	JJ
and	CC
economic	JJ
climate	NN
.	.
Others	NNS
said	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Italian	JJ
immigrants	NNS
who	WP
settled	VBD
in	IN
Argentina	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
turn	NN
of	IN
the	DT
century	NN
simply	RB
brought	VBN
with	IN
them	PRP
a	DT
flair	NN
for	IN
fashion	NN
and	CC
an	DT
appreciation	NN
of	IN
beauty	NN
.	.
And	CC
some	DT
Argentine	JJ
feminists	NNS
say	VBP
that	IN
`	``
machismo	NN
'	''
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
epidemic	NN
,	,
encouraging	VBG
a	DT
climate	NN
where	WRB
women	NNS
are	VBP
valued	VBN
for	IN
how	WRB
they	PRP
look	VBP
,	,
not	RB
who	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
''	''
Women	NNS
that	WDT
do	VBP
n't	RB
fit	VB
the	DT
harsh	JJ
Argentine	JJ
ideal	JJ
end	NN
up	RP
in	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
world	NN
of	IN
self-hate	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
rise	NN
in	IN
China	NNP
and	CC
experts	NNS
feel	VBP
this	DT
may	MD
have	VB
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
the	DT
rise	NN
of	IN
diet	NN
fads	NNS
throughout	IN
that	DT
region	NN
.	.
Advertising	NN
of	IN
diet	NN
products	NNS
that	IN
flood	NN
the	DT
market	NN
emphasize	VB
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
that	WDT
life	NN
is	VBZ
better	JJR
when	WRB
a	DT
person	NN
is	VBZ
slim	JJ
,	,
so	RB
sufferers	NNS
faced	VBN
with	IN
problems	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
life	NN
may	MD
turn	VB
to	TO
dieting	NN
as	IN
an	DT
answer	NN
.	.
Not	RB
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
all	DT
people	NNS
who	WP
diet	NN
will	MD
end	VB
up	RP
struggling	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
but	CC
persons	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
who	WP
may	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
susceptible	JJ
to	TO
workaholism	NN
,	,
alcoholism	NN
or	CC
drug	NN
addiction	NN
,	,
will	MD
now	RB
also	RB
be	VB
more	RBR
at	IN
risk	NN
for	IN
developing	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Either	DT
way	NN
,	,
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WDT
color	NN
,	,
race	NN
,	,
cultural	JJ
background	NN
or	CC
sexual	JJ
orientation	NN
a	DT
sufferer	NN
comes	VBZ
from	IN
,	,
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
that	WDT
effect	VBP
them	PRP
are	VBP
devastating	VBG
.	.
Each	DT
person	NN
,	,
male	NN
or	CC
female	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
suffering	VBG
inside	RB
from	IN
the	DT
emotion	NN
turmoil	NN
that	WDT
led	VBD
them	PRP
to	TO
seek	VB
comfort	NN
from	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
or	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
...	:
And	CC
like	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
said	VBD
hundreds	NNS
of	IN
time	NN
,	,
each	DT
of	IN
them	PRP
deserves	VBZ
to	TO
find	VB
help	NN
and	CC
recovery	NN
so	RB
that	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
learn	VB
to	TO
love	VB
themselves	PRP
,	,
inside	IN
and	CC
out	IN
.	.
Below	IN
is	VBZ
basic	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
common	JJ
medications	NNS
prescribed	VBN
in	IN
helping	VBG
to	TO
treat	VB
some	DT
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
Be	VB
aware	JJ
that	IN
not	RB
all	DT
respond	NN
to	TO
medication	NN
.	.
Patients	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
respond	VB
best	JJS
are	VBP
also	RB
in	IN
support	NN
groups	NNS
and\/or	CC
one-on-one	JJ
therapy	NN
--	:
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
understand	VB
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
``	``
magic	JJ
pill	NN
''	''
--	:
those	DT
in	IN
recovery	NN
and	CC
on	IN
medication	NN
should	MD
also	RB
be	VB
in	IN
some	DT
type	NN
of	IN
therapy	NN
.	.
Considerations	NNS
:	:
Patients	NNS
with	IN
kidney	NN
or	CC
liver	NN
disease	NN
should	MD
be	VB
monitored	VBN
closely	RB
.	.
Pregnant	JJ
or	CC
nursing	NN
mothers	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
take	VB
this	DT
medication	NN
unless	IN
the	DT
benefits	NNS
significantly	RB
outweigh	VBP
the	DT
risks	NNS
.	.
No	DT
serious	JJ
adverse	JJ
reactions	NNS
in	IN
babies	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
reported	VBN
,	,
but	CC
pregnant	JJ
or	CC
nursing	NN
mothers	NNS
on	IN
this	DT
medication	NN
should	MD
be	VB
very	RB
closely	RB
monitored	JJ
.	.
Fluoxetine	NNP
should	MD
also	RB
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
people	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
seizures	NNS
with	IN
caution	NN
.	.
Side	NN
Effects	NNPS
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
most	RBS
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
Anxiety	NN
,	,
nervousness	NN
,	,
headache	NN
,	,
drowsiness	NN
,	,
fatigue	NN
,	,
dry	JJ
mouth	NN
,	,
upset	JJ
stomach	NN
,	,
appetite	NN
loss	NN
,	,
nausea	NN
,	,
vomitting	NN
,	,
diarrhea	NN
,	,
stomach	NN
gas	NN
,	,
rash	NN
and	CC
itching	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
less	JJR
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
changes	NNS
in	IN
sex	NN
drive	NN
,	,
abnormal	JJ
ejaculation	NN
,	,
impotence	NN
,	,
abnormal	JJ
dreams	NNS
,	,
difficulty	NN
concentrating	VBG
,	,
increased	VBD
appetite	NN
,	,
acne	NN
,	,
hair	NN
loss	NN
,	,
dry	JJ
skin	NN
,	,
chest	NN
pains	NNS
,	,
runny	JJ
nose	NN
,	,
abnormal	JJ
heart	NN
rhythms	NNS
,	,
blood	NN
pressure	NN
changes	NNS
,	,
double	JJ
vision	NN
,	,
urinary	JJ
pain	NN
,	,
eye	NN
or	CC
ear	NN
pain	NN
,	,
and	CC
low	JJ
blood	NN
sugar	NN
.	.
Drug	NNP
Interaction	NNP
:	:
MAOI	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Monoamine	NNP
Oxidase	NNP
Inhibitors	NNPS
-RRB-	-RRB-
Warning	NN
-	:
There	EX
have	VBP
been	VBN
reports	NNS
of	IN
serious	JJ
,	,
sometimes	RB
fatal	JJ
,	,
reactions	NNS
in	IN
patients	NNS
receiving	VBG
fluoxetine	NN
in	IN
combination	NN
with	IN
a	DT
MAO	NNP
inhibitor	NN
and	CC
in	IN
patients	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
recently	RB
discontinued	VBN
fluoxetine	NN
and	CC
then	RB
started	VBD
on	IN
a	DT
MAO	NNP
inhibitor	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
fluoxetine	JJ
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
used	VBN
in	IN
combination	NN
with	IN
a	DT
MAO	NNP
inhibitor	NN
or	CC
within	IN
14	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
discontinuing	VBG
therapy	NN
with	IN
a	DT
MAO	NNP
inhibitor	NN
.	.
Since	IN
fluoxetine	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
major	JJ
metabolite	NN
have	VBP
very	RB
long	JJ
elimination	NN
half-lives	NNS
,	,
at	IN
least	JJS
5	CD
weeks	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
allowed	VBN
after	IN
stopping	VBG
fluoxetine	NN
before	IN
starting	VBG
a	DT
MAO	NNP
inhibitor	NN
.	.
Side	NN
Effects	NNPS
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
most	RBS
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
minor	JJ
side	NN
effects	NNS
that	WDT
occur	VBP
do	VB
so	RB
in	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
few	JJ
weeks	NNS
while	IN
the	DT
body	NN
adjusts	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
medication	NN
.	.
They	PRP
include	VBP
nausea	NN
,	,
tiredness	NN
,	,
increased	VBD
sweating	NN
,	,
tremors	NNS
,	,
weakness	NN
,	,
dry	JJ
mouth	NN
,	,
constipation	NN
,	,
dizziness	NN
,	,
decreased	VBD
sex	NN
drive	NN
,	,
abnormal	JJ
ejaculations	NNS
,	,
blurred	VBD
vision	NN
,	,
headache	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
gain	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
less	JJR
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
flushing	NN
,	,
pinpoint	VBP
pupils	NNS
,	,
increased	VBD
saliva	NN
,	,
cold	JJ
and	CC
clammy	JJ
skin	NN
,	,
dizziness	NN
when	WRB
rising	VBG
quickly	RB
from	IN
a	DT
sitting	VBG
or	CC
lying	VBG
position	NN
,	,
blood-pressure	NN
changes	NNS
,	,
swelling	VBG
around	IN
the	DT
eyes	NNS
,	,
fainting	NN
,	,
rapid	JJ
heartbeat	NN
,	,
unusual	JJ
walk	NN
,	,
muscle	NN
pain	NN
,	,
cramps	NNS
and	CC
weakness	NN
,	,
joint	NN
pains	NNS
,	,
memory	NN
loss	NN
,	,
apathy	NN
,	,
delusions	NNS
,	,
a	DT
feeling	NN
of	IN
detachment	NN
,	,
agressiveness	NN
,	,
abnormal	JJ
dreaming	VBG
or	CC
thinking	VBG
patterns	NNS
,	,
euphoria	NN
,	,
hallucinations	NNS
,	,
neurosis	NN
,	,
paranoia	NN
,	,
suicide	NN
attempts	NNS
,	,
teeth	NNS
grinding	VBG
,	,
menstrual	JJ
cramps	NNS
,	,
coughing	VBG
,	,
double	JJ
visions	NNS
,	,
facial	JJ
swelling	VBG
,	,
feeling	VBG
ill	RB
,	,
weight	NN
changes	NNS
,	,
lymph	JJ
swelling	VBG
,	,
and	CC
breathing	NN
difficulty	NN
.	.
People	NNS
taking	VBG
Warfarin	NNP
or	CC
Digoxin	NNP
may	MD
experience	VB
an	DT
increase	NN
in	IN
the	DT
drug	NN
's	POS
effect	NN
when	WRB
taken	VBN
in	IN
conjuntion	NN
with	IN
paroxetine	NN
.	.
If	IN
paroxetine	NN
is	VBZ
taken	VBN
with	IN
lithium	NN
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
effect	VB
the	DT
levels	NNS
of	IN
lithium	NN
in	IN
the	DT
blood	NN
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
these	DT
drug	NN
interactions	NNS
,	,
doctors	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
monitor	VB
their	PRP$
patients	NNS
on	IN
paroxetine	JJ
closely	RB
.	.
Side	NN
Effects	NNPS
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
most	RBS
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
Dry	NNP
mouth	NN
,	,
sweating	NN
,	,
heart	NN
palpitations	NNS
,	,
chest	NN
pain	NN
,	,
headache	NN
,	,
dizziness	NN
,	,
trmors	NNS
,	,
tingling	NN
or	CC
numbness	NN
in	IN
the	DT
hands	NNS
or	CC
feet	NNS
,	,
twitching	NN
,	,
muscle	NN
spasms	NNS
,	,
confusion	NN
,	,
rash	NN
,	,
nausea	NN
,	,
diarrhea	NN
or	CC
loose	JJ
stools	NNS
,	,
constipation	NN
,	,
upset	JJ
stomach	NN
,	,
stomach	NN
gass	NN
,	,
appetite	NN
changes	NNS
,	,
abdominal	NN
pains	NNS
,	,
muscle	NN
aches	NNS
,	,
sleeplessness	NN
or	CC
sleepiness	NN
,	,
male	NN
or	CC
female	JJ
sexual	JJ
dysfunction	NN
,	,
agitation	NN
,	,
nervousness	NN
,	,
ansiety	NN
,	,
yawning	JJ
,	,
loss	NN
of	IN
concentration	NN
,	,
menstrual	JJ
disorders	NNS
,	,
sore	JJ
throat	NN
,	,
runny	JJ
nose	NN
,	,
vision	NN
changes	NNS
,	,
ringing	VBG
or	CC
buzzing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
ears	NNS
,	,
urinary	JJ
frequency	NN
or	CC
disorders	NNS
,	,
fatigue	NN
,	,
hot	JJ
flushes	NNS
,	,
fever	NN
,	,
back	RB
pain	NN
,	,
thirst	NN
and	CC
weakness	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
less	JJR
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
flushing	NN
,	,
increased	VBD
saliva	NN
,	,
cold	JJ
and	CC
clammy	JJ
skin	NN
,	,
dizziness	NN
when	WRB
rising	VBG
quickly	RB
from	IN
a	DT
sitting	VBG
or	CC
lying	VBG
position	NN
,	,
blood	NN
pressure	NN
changes	NNS
,	,
,	,
swelling	VBG
around	IN
the	DT
eyes	NNS
and	CC
in	IN
the	DT
arms	NNS
or	CC
legs	NNS
,	,
coldness	NN
in	IN
the	DT
hands	NNS
or	CC
feet	NNS
,	,
fainting	NN
,	,
rapid	JJ
heartbeat	NN
,	,
loss	NN
of	IN
coordination	NN
,	,
unusual	JJ
walk	NN
,	,
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
activity	NN
,	,
migraines	NNS
,	,
droppy	JJ
eyelids	NNS
,	,
acne	NN
,	,
hair	NN
loss	NN
,	,
dry	JJ
skin	NN
,	,
difficulty	NN
in	IN
swallowing	VBG
,	,
joint	NN
pains	NNS
,	,
cramps	NNS
,	,
agressiveness	NN
,	,
abnormal	JJ
dreams	NNS
or	CC
thoughts	NNS
,	,
memory	NN
loss	NN
,	,
apathy	NN
,	,
delusions	NNS
,	,
a	DT
feeling	NN
of	IN
detachment	NN
,	,
worsened	VBN
depression	NN
,	,
emotional	JJ
instability	NN
,	,
euphoria	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
feeling	NN
``	``
high	JJ
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
hallucinations	NNS
,	,
neurosis	NN
,	,
paranoia	NN
,	,
suicide	NN
attempts	NNS
,	,
menstrual	JJ
cramps	NNS
and	CC
pain	NN
,	,
bleeding	VBG
between	IN
periods	NNS
,	,
breathing	VBG
difficulty	NN
,	,
nose	NN
bleeds	NNS
,	,
double	JJ
vision	NN
,	,
sensitivity	NN
to	TO
bright	JJ
light	NN
,	,
feel	VBP
ill	RB
,	,
weight	NN
changes	NNS
and	CC
lymph	JJ
swelling	VBG
.	.
Sertraline	NNP
may	MD
prolong	VB
the	DT
effects	NNS
of	IN
Diazepam	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
bezodiazepine-type	JJ
drugs	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
It	PRP
may	MD
decrease	VB
the	DT
rate	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
Tolbutamide	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
diabetes	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
released	VBN
from	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
People	NNS
taking	VBG
Warfarin	NNP
or	CC
Digoxin	NNP
may	MD
experience	VB
an	DT
increase	NN
in	IN
the	DT
drug	NN
's	POS
effect	NN
when	WRB
taken	VBN
in	IN
conjuntion	NN
with	IN
sertraline	NN
.	.
If	IN
sertraline	NN
is	VBZ
taken	VBN
with	IN
lithium	NN
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
effect	VB
the	DT
levels	NNS
of	IN
lithium	NN
in	IN
the	DT
blood	NN
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
these	DT
drug	NN
interactions	NNS
,	,
doctors	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
monitor	VB
their	PRP$
patients	NNS
on	IN
sertraline	NN
closely	RB
.	.
Considerations	NNS
:	:
mirtazapine	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
new	JJ
medication	NN
which	WDT
may	MD
relieve	VB
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
depression	NN
better	JJR
than	IN
SSRIs	NNS
or	CC
TCAs	NNS
.	.
This	DT
medication	NN
is	VBZ
thought	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
particularly	RB
useful	JJ
in	IN
reducing	VBG
anxiety	NN
and	CC
sleep	VB
problems	NNS
which	WDT
often	RB
accompany	VBP
depression	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
in	IN
clinical	JJ
studies	NNS
,	,
54	CD
%	NN
of	IN
patients	NNS
have	VBP
reported	VBN
drowsiness	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Arky	NNP
,	,
1998	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
cholesterol	NN
and\/or	CC
triglyceride	NN
levels	NNS
of	IN
individuals	NNS
taking	VBG
Remeron	NNP
was	VBD
noticed	VBN
in	IN
clinical	JJ
trials	NNS
.	.
Consult	VB
your	PRP$
physician	NN
if	IN
this	DT
potential	JJ
side	NN
effect	NN
is	VBZ
troublesome	JJ
.	.
Alcohol	NN
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
avoided	VBN
when	WRB
taking	VBG
this	DT
medication	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
enhancing	VBG
effects	NNS
Remeron	NNP
may	MD
have	VB
on	IN
cognitive	JJ
and	CC
motor	NN
ability	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
women	NNS
is	VBZ
pregnant	JJ
,	,
plans	VBZ
to	TO
become	VB
pregnant	JJ
,	,
or	CC
plans	NNS
to	TO
breast	NN
feed	VB
their	PRP$
child	NN
,	,
she	PRP
should	MD
consult	VB
their	PRP$
physician	NN
before	IN
taking	VBG
Remeron	NNP
.	.
The	DT
effects	NNS
of	IN
Remeron	NNP
on	IN
pregnancy	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
adequately	RB
studied	VBN
,	,
so	RB
caution	NN
should	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
before	RB
taking	VBG
this	DT
medication	NN
.	.
Side	NN
Effects	NNPS
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
most	RBS
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
dizziness	NN
,	,
drowsiness	NN
,	,
weight	NN
gain	NN
,	,
increased	VBD
appetite	NN
,	,
weakness	NN
,	,
dry	JJ
mouth	NN
,	,
constipation	NN
,	,
abnormal	JJ
dreams	NNS
and\/or	CC
thinking	NN
,	,
``	``
flu-like	JJ
''	''
symptoms	NNS
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
less	JJR
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
back	RB
pain	NN
,	,
confusion	NN
,	,
frequent	JJ
urination	NN
,	,
nausea	NN
,	,
tremors	NNS
,	,
swelling	VBG
of	IN
ankles	NNS
or	CC
hands	NNS
,	,
fluid	JJ
retention	NN
,	,
difficult	JJ
breathing	NN
,	,
muscle	NN
pain	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
rare	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
agranulocytosis	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
decrease	NN
in	IN
white	JJ
blood	NN
cells	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
hypomania	NN
.	.
Considerations	NNS
:	:
People	NNS
with	IN
seizure	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
who	WP
have	VBP
had	VBN
a	DT
seizure	NN
,	,
and	CC
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
extrememly	RB
cautious	JJ
when	WRB
taking	VBG
bupropion	NN
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
greatly	RB
incrased	JJ
chance	NN
of	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
seizure	NN
while	IN
taking	VBG
it	PRP
.	.
The	DT
chance	NN
of	IN
developing	VBG
a	DT
seizure	NN
increases	NNS
by	IN
about	RB
10	CD
times	NNS
when	WRB
the	DT
dosage	NN
is	VBZ
between	IN
450	CD
and	CC
600	CD
milligrams	NNS
per	IN
day	NN
.	.
People	NNS
at	IN
risk	NN
for	IN
heart	NN
disease	NN
or	CC
a	DT
heart	NN
attack	NN
should	MD
thake	VB
this	DT
drug	NN
with	IN
caution	NN
and	CC
be	VB
closely	RB
monitored	VBN
.	.
Patients	NNS
who	WP
suffer	VBP
from	IN
liver	NN
or	CC
kidney	NN
disease	NN
should	MD
be	VB
closely	RB
monitors	VBZ
by	IN
their	PRP$
doctor	NN
.	.
Pregnant	JJ
or	CC
nursing	NN
mothers	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
take	VB
this	DT
medication	NN
unless	IN
the	DT
benefits	NNS
significantly	RB
outweigh	VBP
the	DT
risks	NNS
.	.
Side	NN
Effects	NNPS
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
most	RBS
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
Dry	NNP
mouth	NN
,	,
dizziness	NN
,	,
rapid	JJ
heartbeat	NN
,	,
headaches	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
migraines	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
excessive	JJ
sweating	NN
,	,
nausea	NN
,	,
vomiting	NN
,	,
constipation	NN
,	,
loss	NN
of	IN
appetite	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
loss	NN
,	,
sedation	NN
,	,
agitation	NN
,	,
blurred	VBD
vision	NN
,	,
sleeplessness	NN
and	CC
tremors	NNS
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
less	JJR
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
upset	VBN
stomach	NN
,	,
diarrhead	NN
,	,
menstrual	JJ
complaints	NNS
,	,
impotence	NN
,	,
urinary	JJ
difficulties	NNS
,	,
slowing	VBG
of	IN
movements	NNS
,	,
salivation	NN
,	,
muscle	NN
spasms	NNS
,	,
warmth	NN
,	,
uncontrolled	JJ
muscle	NN
movements	NNS
,	,
abnormal	JJ
heart	NN
rhythms	NNS
,	,
blood	NN
pressure	NN
changes	NNS
,	,
heart	NN
palpitations	NNS
,	,
fainting	NN
,	,
itching	JJ
,	,
redness	NN
and	CC
rash	NN
,	,
confusion	NN
,	,
hostily	RB
,	,
loss	NN
of	IN
concentration	NN
,	,
reduced	VBN
sex	NN
drive	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
delusions	NNS
,	,
euphoria	NN
,	,
fatigue	NN
,	,
joint	NN
pains	NNS
,	,
fever	NN
or	CC
chills	NNS
,	,
respiratory	JJ
infections	NNS
,	,
and	CC
visual	JJ
,	,
taste	NN
and	CC
hearing	NN
disturbances	NNS
.	.
Drug	NNP
Interaction	NNP
:	:
Bupropion	NNP
may	MD
incrase	VB
the	DT
rate	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
body	NN
breaks	NNS
down	IN
Carbazepine	NNP
,	,
Cimetidine	NNP
,	,
Pheobarbital	NNP
,	,
or	CC
Phenytoin	NNP
.	.
Dosage	NNP
adjustments	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
needed	VBN
if	IN
the	DT
combination	NN
continues	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
.	.
People	NNS
taking	VBG
Levodopa	NNP
experience	VB
more	RBR
bupropion	JJ
side	NN
effects	NNS
than	IN
other	JJ
people	NNS
.	.
Levodopa	NNP
users	NNS
should	MD
have	VB
their	PRP$
bupropion	NN
dosages	NNS
increased	VBD
more	RBR
slowly	RB
and	CC
gradually	RB
.	.
Phenelzine	NNP
,	,
an	DT
MAOI	NNP
antidepressant	NN
,	,
incrases	VBZ
the	DT
toxic	JJ
effects	NNS
of	IN
bupropion	NN
.	.
The	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
bupropion	NN
and	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
drug	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
increase	VB
the	DT
chance	NN
of	IN
seizures	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
avoided	VBN
.	.
Considerations	NNS
:	:
Convulsions	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
reported	VBN
rarely	RB
during	IN
fluvoxamine	JJ
administration	NN
.	.
Caution	NN
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
when	WRB
the	DT
drug	NN
is	VBZ
administered	VBN
to	TO
patients	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
history	NN
of	IN
seizures	NNS
.	.
If	IN
seizures	NNS
occur	VBP
during	IN
fluvoxamine	JJ
administration	NN
,	,
the	DT
drug	NN
should	MD
be	VB
discontinued	VBN
.	.
Patients	NNS
with	IN
hepatic	JJ
or	CC
renal	JJ
insufficiency	NN
should	MD
begin	VB
treatment	NN
with	IN
a	DT
low	JJ
dose	NN
and	CC
be	VB
carefully	RB
monitored	VBN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
with	IN
fluvoxamine	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
rarely	RB
associated	VBN
with	IN
increases	NNS
in	IN
hepatic	JJ
enzymes	NNS
,	,
usually	RB
accompanied	VBN
by	IN
symptoms	NNS
.	.
Fluvoxamine	NNP
administration	NN
should	MD
be	VB
discontinued	VBN
in	IN
such	JJ
cases	NNS
.	.
Pregnancy	NN
and	CC
Lactation	NN
-	:
Safe	NNP
use	NN
of	IN
fluvoxamine	NN
during	IN
pregnancy	NN
and	CC
lactation	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
established	VBN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
it	PRP
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
administered	VBN
to	TO
women	NNS
of	IN
childbearing	VBG
potential	JJ
or	CC
nursing	NN
mothers	NNS
unless	IN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
opinion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
treating	VBG
physician	NN
,	,
the	DT
expected	VBN
benefits	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
patient	NN
outweigh	VBP
the	DT
possible	JJ
hazards	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
child	NN
or	CC
fetus	NN
.	.
Side	NN
Effects	NNPS
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
most	RBS
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
sleepiness	NN
,	,
nausea	NN
with	IN
and	CC
without	IN
vomiting	NN
,	,
constipation	NN
,	,
loss	NN
of	IN
appetite	NN
,	,
diarrhea	NN
,	,
constipation	NN
,	,
dry	JJ
mouth	NN
,	,
nervousness	NN
,	,
dizziness	NN
,	,
insomnia	NN
,	,
abdominal	JJ
pain	NN
,	,
headache	NN
,	,
tremors	NNS
and	CC
delayed	VBN
ejaculation	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
with	IN
men	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
less	JJR
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
weight	NN
loss	NN
or	CC
gain	NN
,	,
abnormal	JJ
thinking	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
abnormal	JJ
dreams	NNS
,	,
decrease	NN
in	IN
libido	NN
,	,
twitching	NN
,	,
delirium	NN
,	,
drug	NN
dependence	NN
,	,
paranoia	NN
,	,
hysteria	NN
,	,
psychosis	NN
,	,
reflexes	VBZ
decreased	VBN
,	,
neuropathy	NN
,	,
palpitations	NNS
,	,
gastritis	NNS
,	,
flatulence	NN
,	,
hepatitis	NN
,	,
gingivitis	NN
,	,
jaundice	NN
,	,
mouth	NN
soars	NNS
,	,
tongue	NN
discoloration	NN
,	,
tooth	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
rashes	NNS
or	CC
acne	NN
,	,
abnormal	JJ
vision	NN
,	,
eye	NN
pain	NN
,	,
tinnitis	NN
,	,
and	CC
leg	NN
cramps	NNS
.	.
Indications	NNS
:	:
In	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
acute	JJ
manic	JJ
episodes	NNS
in	IN
patients	NNS
with	IN
manic-depressive	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
Maintenance	NN
therapy	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
found	VBN
useful	JJ
in	IN
preventing	VBG
or	CC
diminishing	VBG
the	DT
frequency	NN
of	IN
subsequent	JJ
relapses	NNS
in	IN
patients	NNS
with	IN
bipolar	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
also	RB
been	VBN
used	VBN
to	TO
treat	VB
migrain	NN
headaches	NNS
,	,
bulimia	NN
and	CC
alcoholism	NN
.	.
Considerations	NNS
:	:
Lithium	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
anyone	NN
with	IN
heart	NN
or	CC
kidney	NN
disease	NN
,	,
dehydration	NN
,	,
low	JJ
blood-sodium	NN
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
those	DT
taking	VBG
diuretic	JJ
drugs	NNS
.	.
If	IN
such	JJ
people	NNS
require	VBP
lithium	NN
they	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
very	RB
closely	RB
monitored	VBN
by	IN
their	PRP$
doctors	NNS
and	CC
hospitalization	NN
may	MD
be	VB
needed	VBN
.	.
Long	JJ
term	NN
use	NN
of	IN
this	DT
drug	NN
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
structural	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
kidneys	NNS
and	CC
reduced	VBN
kidney	NN
function	NN
.	.
It	PRP
may	MD
also	RB
lead	VB
to	TO
reduced	VBN
thyroid	JJ
activity	NN
.	.
Pregnant	JJ
or	CC
nursing	NN
mothers	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
take	VB
lithium	NN
unless	IN
absolutely	RB
necessary	JJ
;	:
it	PRP
can	MD
cause	VB
heart	NN
and	CC
thyroid	JJ
birth	NN
defects	NNS
,	,
especially	RB
if	IN
taken	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
3	CD
months	NNS
of	IN
pregnancy	NN
.	.
Lithium	NN
passes	VBZ
directly	RB
into	IN
breast	NN
milk	NN
and	CC
can	MD
effect	VB
nursing	NN
infants	NNS
,	,
so	RB
mothers	NNS
taking	VBG
lithium	NN
after	IN
the	DT
birth	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
baby	NN
should	MD
bottle-feed	VB
.	.
Side	NN
Effects	NNPS
:	:
all	DT
side	NN
effects	NNS
of	IN
lithium	NN
are	VBP
dependent	JJ
on	IN
how	WRB
much	JJ
is	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
blood	NN
stream	NN
.	.
Depending	VBG
on	IN
how	WRB
much	JJ
is	VBZ
present	JJ
,	,
patients	NNS
may	MD
develope	VB
a	DT
fine	JJ
hand	NN
tremor	NN
,	,
thirst	NN
,	,
or	CC
excessive	JJ
urination	NN
.	.
Mild	JJ
nausea	NN
and	CC
discomfort	NN
may	MD
be	VB
present	JJ
during	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
few	JJ
days	NNS
of	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
At	IN
higher	JJR
levels	NNS
,	,
diarrhea	NN
,	,
vomiting	NN
,	,
drowsiness	NN
,	,
muscle	NN
weakness	NN
,	,
poor	JJ
coordination	NN
,	,
giddiness	NN
,	,
ringing	VBG
or	CC
buzzing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
ears	NNS
and	CC
blurred	VBD
vision	NN
may	MD
occur	VB
.	.
The	DT
more	JJR
lithium	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
in	IN
your	PRP$
blood	NN
stream	NN
the	DT
more	JJR
risk	NN
for	IN
the	DT
following	JJ
side	NN
effects	NNS
:	:
blackouts	NNS
,	,
seizures	NNS
,	,
dizziness	NN
,	,
incontinence	NN
,	,
slurred	VBN
speach	NN
,	,
diarrhea	NN
,	,
nausea	NN
,	,
vomiting	NN
,	,
heart	NN
problems	NNS
and	CC
kidney	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
Toxicity	NN
:	:
Toxic	JJ
blood	NN
levels	NNS
of	IN
lithium	NN
are	VBP
only	RB
slightly	RB
above	IN
the	DT
levels	NNS
required	VBN
for	IN
usual	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
Early	RB
signs	NNS
of	IN
drug	NN
toxicity	NN
are	VBP
diarrhea	NN
,	,
vomiting	NN
,	,
nausea	NN
,	,
tremors	NNS
,	,
poor	JJ
coordination	NN
and	CC
drowsiness	NN
,	,
and	CC
with	IN
increasing	VBG
toxicity	NN
,	,
giddiness	NN
,	,
weakness	NN
,	,
blurred	VBD
vision	NN
,	,
ringing	VBG
or	CC
buzzing	VBG
in	IN
ears	NNS
,	,
fainting	NN
,	,
confusion	NN
,	,
loss	NN
of	IN
bladder	NN
or	CC
bowel	NN
control	NN
,	,
worsening	VBG
of	IN
manic	JJ
symptoms	NNS
,	,
and	CC
painful	JJ
muscles	NNS
and	CC
joints	NNS
-	:
if	IN
any	DT
of	IN
these	DT
symptoms	NNS
occur	VBP
,	,
stop	VBP
taking	VBG
the	DT
medication	NN
and	CC
contact	NN
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
immediately	RB
-	:
be	VB
sure	JJ
to	TO
bring	VB
the	DT
bottle	NN
with	IN
you	PRP
when	WRB
you	PRP
go	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
hospital	NN
emergency	NN
room	NN
or	CC
back	RB
to	TO
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
.	.
Drug	NNP
Interaction	NNP
:	:
If	IN
lithium	NN
is	VBZ
combined	VBN
with	IN
Haloperidol	NNP
,	,
weakness	NN
,	,
tiredness	NN
,	,
fever	NN
,	,
or	CC
confusion	NN
may	MD
result	VB
.	.
In	IN
some	DT
people	NNS
,	,
these	DT
symptoms	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
followed	VBN
by	IN
permanent	JJ
brain	NN
damage	NN
.	.
Chlorpromazine	NNP
and	CC
lithium	NN
may	MD
interact	VB
to	TO
recude	VB
chlorpromazine	NN
's	POS
effectiveness	NN
,	,
while	IN
increasing	VBG
lithium	NN
's	POS
effectiveness	NN
.	.
Lithium	NN
is	VBZ
counteracted	VBN
by	IN
sodium	NN
barcarbonate	NN
,	,
acetazolamind	NN
,	,
urea	NN
,	,
mannitol	NN
and	CC
theophylline	NN
drugs	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
increase	VBP
the	DT
rate	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
lithium	NN
is	VBZ
released	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
body	NN
.	.
Lithium	NN
can	MD
also	RB
increase	VB
the	DT
effects	NNS
of	IN
tricyclic	JJ
antidepressant	JJ
medications	NNS
.	.
Indications	NNS
:	:
Treatment	NNP
of	IN
endogenous	JJ
depressive	JJ
illness	NN
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
depressed	JJ
phase	NN
of	IN
manic	JJ
depressive	JJ
illness	NN
,	,
involutional	JJ
melancholia	NN
and	CC
psychotic	JJ
depression	NN
.	.
It	PRP
may	MD
also	RB
be	VB
indicated	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
management	NN
of	IN
depression	NN
of	IN
a	DT
nonpsychotic	JJ
degree	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
in	IN
selected	VBN
cases	NNS
of	IN
depressive	JJ
neurosis	NN
.	.
Patients	NNS
with	IN
transient	JJ
mood	NN
disturbances	NNS
or	CC
normal	JJ
grief	NN
reaction	NN
are	VBP
not	RB
expected	VBN
to	TO
benefit	VB
from	IN
tricyclic	JJ
antidepressants	NNS
.	.
Though	IN
not	RB
indicated	VBN
,	,
it	PRP
has	VBZ
also	RB
been	VBN
used	VBN
to	TO
treat	VB
cocaine	NN
withdrawal	NN
,	,
panic	NN
disorder	NN
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
.	.
Considerations	NNS
:	:
Patients	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
history	NN
of	IN
heart	NN
disease	NN
,	,
convulsive	JJ
disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
seizures	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
glaucoma	NN
,	,
liver	NN
disease	NN
,	,
or	CC
hyperthyroidism	NN
should	MD
take	VB
this	DT
drug	NN
with	IN
caution	NN
.	.
People	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
schizophrenic	JJ
or	CC
paranoid	JJ
may	MD
get	VB
worse	JJR
and	CC
manic	JJ
depressives	NNS
may	MD
switch	VB
phase	NN
.	.
Desipramine	NN
should	MD
never	RB
be	VB
taken	VBN
by	IN
pregnant	JJ
or	CC
nursing	NN
mothers	NNS
.	.
Birth	NN
defects	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
reported	VBN
.	.
Nursing	NNP
mothers	NNS
should	MD
bottle-feed	VB
their	PRP$
babies	NNS
.	.
Side	NN
Effects	NNPS
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
most	RBS
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
sedation	NN
,	,
blurred	VBD
vision	NN
,	,
disorientation	NN
,	,
confusion	NN
,	,
hallucinations	NNS
,	,
muscle	NN
spasms	NNS
or	CC
tremors	NNS
,	,
seizures	NNS
and\/or	CC
convulsions	NNS
,	,
dry	JJ
mouth	NN
,	,
constipation	NN
,	,
difficulty	NN
urinating	VBG
,	,
worsening	VBG
glaucoma	NN
,	,
and	CC
sensitivity	NN
to	TO
bright	JJ
light	NN
or	CC
sunlight	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
less	JJR
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
blood	NN
pressure	NN
changes	NNS
,	,
abnormal	JJ
heart	NN
rates	NNS
,	,
heart	NN
attack	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
restlessness	NN
,	,
excitement	NN
,	,
numbness	NN
and	CC
tingling	NN
in	IN
the	DT
extremities	NNS
,	,
poor	JJ
coordination	NN
,	,
rash	NN
,	,
itching	JJ
,	,
retention	NN
of	IN
fluids	NNS
,	,
fever	NN
,	,
allergy	NN
,	,
changes	NNS
in	IN
composition	NN
of	IN
blood	NN
,	,
nausea	NN
,	,
vomiting	NN
,	,
loss	NN
of	IN
apetite	NN
,	,
stomach	NN
upset	NN
,	,
diarrhea	NN
,	,
enlargment	NN
of	IN
breasts	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
both	DT
sexes	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
changes	NNS
in	IN
sex	NN
drive	NN
,	,
and	CC
blood	NN
sugar	NN
changes	NNS
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
infrequent	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
inability	NN
to	TO
sleep	VB
,	,
nightmares	NNS
,	,
feelings	NNS
of	IN
panic	NN
,	,
weird	JJ
taste	NN
in	IN
mouth	NN
,	,
stomach	NN
cramps	NNS
,	,
black	JJ
discoloration	NN
of	IN
the	DT
tonge	NN
,	,
changes	NNS
in	IN
liver	NN
function	NN
,	,
flushing	NN
,	,
drowsiness	NN
,	,
dizziness	NN
,	,
weakness	NN
,	,
headache	NN
,	,
loss	NN
of	IN
hair	NN
,	,
nausea	NN
,	,
and	CC
feeling	NN
ill.	NN
Drug	NNP
Interaction	NNP
:	:
Make	NNP
sure	JJ
to	TO
tell	VB
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
if	IN
you	PRP
take	VBP
any	DT
blood	NN
pressure	NN
medication	NN
-	:
desipramine	NN
interacts	NNS
with	IN
guanethidine	NN
and	CC
clonidine	NN
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
increases	VBZ
the	DT
effects	NNS
of	IN
barbiturates	NNS
,	,
tranquilizers	NNS
,	,
other	JJ
sedative	NN
drugs	NNS
and	CC
alcohol	NN
.	.
Taking	VBG
thyroid	JJ
medication	NN
and	CC
desipramine	NN
will	MD
enhance	VB
the	DT
effectiveness	NN
of	IN
both	DT
and	CC
can	MD
cause	VB
abnormal	JJ
heart	NN
rhythms	NNS
.	.
Oral	JJ
contraception	NN
and	CC
estrogen	NN
can	MD
reduce	VB
the	DT
effectiveness	NN
of	IN
desipramine	NN
.	.
Drugs	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
Bicarbonate	NNP
of	IN
Soda	NNP
,	,
acetazolamide	NN
,	,
quinidine	NN
,	,
or	CC
procainamide	NN
will	MD
increase	VB
the	DT
effect	NN
of	IN
desipramine	NN
.	.
Cimetidine	NNP
,	,
Methylphenidate	NNP
and	CC
phenothiazine	JJ
drugs	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
Thorazine	NNP
and	CC
Compazine	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
block	NN
the	DT
liver	NN
metabolism	NN
of	IN
desipramine	NN
,	,
causing	VBG
it	PRP
to	TO
stay	VB
in	IN
the	DT
body	NN
longer	RBR
,	,
which	WDT
can	MD
cause	VB
sever	VB
drug	NN
side	NN
effects	NNS
.	.
Avoid	VB
alcohol	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
depressants	NNS
while	IN
taking	VBG
desipramine	JJ
.	.
Abruptly	RB
stopping	VBG
this	DT
medication	NN
may	MD
cause	VB
nausea	NN
,	,
headache	NN
and	CC
a	DT
sickly	JJ
feeling	NN
,	,
so	RB
patients	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
decide	VB
to	TO
stop	VB
taking	VBG
desipramine	JJ
with	IN
a	DT
doctor	NN
's	POS
guidance	NN
.	.
Indications	NNS
:	:
Symptomatic	JJ
relief	NN
of	IN
depressive	JJ
illness	NN
.	.
Though	IN
not	RB
indicated	VBN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
prescribed	VBN
for	IN
panic	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
chronic	JJ
pain	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
from	IN
migrains	NNS
,	,
tension	NN
headaches	NNS
,	,
diabetes	NN
,	,
cancer	NN
,	,
arthritis	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
.	.
Avoid	VB
alcohol	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
depressants	NNS
while	IN
taking	VBG
imipramine	NN
.	.
Abruptly	RB
stopping	VBG
this	DT
medication	NN
may	MD
cause	VB
nausea	NN
,	,
headache	NN
and	CC
a	DT
sickly	JJ
feeling	NN
,	,
so	RB
patients	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
decide	VB
to	TO
stop	VB
taking	VBG
imipramine	NN
with	IN
a	DT
doctor	NN
's	POS
guidance	NN
.	.
Side	NN
Effects	NNPS
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
most	RBS
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
sleepiness	NN
,	,
loss	NN
of	IN
appetite	NN
,	,
weakness	NN
,	,
and	CC
confusion	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
less	JJR
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
seizures	NNS
,	,
loss	NN
of	IN
coordination	NN
,	,
concentration	NN
difficulties	NNS
,	,
memory	NN
loss	NN
,	,
irritability	NN
,	,
fatigue	NN
,	,
sedation	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
lowered	VBD
blood	NN
pressure	NN
,	,
rash	NN
,	,
hiccups	NNS
,	,
insomnia	NN
,	,
diarrhea	NN
,	,
coated	JJ
tongue	NN
,	,
soar	VB
gums	NNS
,	,
stuffed	VBN
nose	NN
,	,
tingling	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
hands	NNS
and	CC
feet	NNS
,	,
palpitations	NNS
,	,
upset	JJ
stomach	NN
,	,
increased	VBD
salivation	NN
,	,
slurred	VBD
speech	NN
,	,
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
libido	NN
,	,
weakness	NN
,	,
menstrual	JJ
irregularities	NNS
,	,
urinary	JJ
retention	NN
,	,
abnormal	JJ
liver	NN
function	NN
,	,
and	CC
jaundice	NN
.	.
Drug	NNP
Interaction	NNP
:	:
Alprazolam	NNP
may	MD
produce	VB
an	DT
addictive	JJ
depressant	NN
effect	NN
when	WRB
combined	VBN
with	IN
psychotropic	JJ
medication	NN
,	,
alcohol	NN
,	,
narcotics	NNS
,	,
bartiturates	NNS
,	,
antihistimines	NNS
,	,
anticonvulsants	NNS
or	CC
MAO	NNP
inhibitors	NNS
.	.
If	IN
alprazolam	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
drugs	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
nature	NN
careful	JJ
consideration	NN
and	CC
monitoring	NN
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
.	.
Smoking	NN
may	MD
reduce	VB
the	DT
effectiveness	NN
of	IN
Alprazolam	NNP
.	.
The	DT
effects	NNS
of	IN
Alprazolam	NNP
may	MD
be	VB
prolonged	VBN
when	WRB
taken	VBN
together	RB
with	IN
Cimetidine	NNP
,	,
oral	JJ
contraceptives	NNS
,	,
Disulfiram	NNP
,	,
Fluoxetin	NNP
,	,
Isoniazid	NNP
,	,
Ketoconazole	NNP
,	,
Metoprolol	NNP
,	,
Probenecid	NNP
,	,
Propoxyphene	NNP
,	,
Propranolol	NNP
,	,
Rifampin	NNP
and	CC
Valproic	NNP
Acide	NNP
.	.
FDA	NNP
.	.
This	DT
does	VBZ
not	RB
mean	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
work	VB
for	IN
some	DT
individuals	NNS
,	,
but	CC
research	NN
outcomes	NNS
are	VBP
still	RB
pending	VBG
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
think	VBP
Naltrexone	NNP
might	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
talk	VB
to	TO
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
about	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
provide	VB
them	PRP
with	IN
further	JJ
information	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
see	VB
below	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
safety	NN
of	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
Naltrexone	NNP
in	IN
pregnancy	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
established	VBN
,	,
therefore	RB
Naltrexone	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
recommended	VBN
for	IN
use	NN
during	IN
pregnancy	NN
.	.
It	PRP
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
taken	VBN
by	IN
nursing	VBG
mothers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
safe	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
naltrexone	NN
in	IN
subjects	NNS
younger	JJR
than	IN
18	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
age	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
established	VBN
.	.
Patients	NNS
on	IN
naltrexone	NN
should	MD
carry	VB
a	DT
wallet	NN
card	NN
to	TO
alert	VB
physicians	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
emergency	NN
health-care	NN
providers	NNS
to	TO
instruct	VB
them	PRP
on	IN
pain	NN
management	NN
.	.
Side	NN
Effects	NNPS
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
most	RBS
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
loss	NN
of	IN
appetite	NN
,	,
diarrhea	NN
,	,
constipation	NN
,	,
increased	VBD
thirst	NN
,	,
increased	VBD
energy	NN
,	,
feeling	VBG
down	RP
,	,
irritability	NN
,	,
dizziness	NN
,	,
skin	NN
rash	NN
,	,
delayed	VBN
ejaculation	NN
,	,
decreased	VBD
potency	NN
and	CC
chills	NNS
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
less	JJR
common	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
Respiratory	NNP
:	:
nasal	JJ
congestion	NN
,	,
itching	JJ
,	,
rhinorrhea	NN
,	,
sneezing	NN
,	,
sore	JJ
throat	NN
,	,
excess	JJ
mucus	NN
or	CC
phlegm	NN
,	,
sinus	NN
trouble	NN
,	,
heavy	JJ
breathing	NN
,	,
hoarseness	NN
,	,
cough	NN
,	,
shortness	NN
of	IN
breath	NN
,	,
nose	NN
bleeds	NNS
,	,
phlebitis	NN
,	,
edema	NN
,	,
increased	VBD
blood	NN
pressure	NN
,	,
nonspecific	JJ
ECG	NNP
changes	NNS
,	,
palpitations	NNS
,	,
tachycardia	NN
,	,
excessive	JJ
gas	NN
,	,
hemorrhoids	NNS
,	,
diarrhea	NN
,	,
ulcer	NN
,	,
painful	JJ
shoulders	NNS
,	,
legs	NNS
or	CC
knees	NNS
,	,
tremors	NNS
,	,
twitching	NN
,	,
increased	VBD
frequency	NN
of	IN
,	,
or	CC
discomfort	NN
during	IN
urination	NN
,	,
increased	VBD
or	CC
decreased	VBD
sexual	JJ
interest	NN
,	,
oily	RB
skin	NN
,	,
pruritus	NN
,	,
acne	NN
,	,
athlete	NN
's	POS
foot	NN
,	,
cold	JJ
sore	JJ
,	,
alopecia	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
paranoia	NN
,	,
fatigue	NN
,	,
restlessness	NN
,	,
confusion	NN
,	,
disorientation	NN
,	,
hallucinations	NNS
,	,
nightmares	NNS
,	,
bad	JJ
dreams	NNS
.	.
Drug	NNP
Interaction	NNP
:	:
Patients	NNS
receiving	VBG
opioid	JJ
analgesics	NNS
.	.
Opioid	JJ
dependent	JJ
patients	NNS
.	.
Patients	NNS
in	IN
acute	JJ
opioid	JJ
withdrawal	NN
.	.
Any	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
failed	VBN
to	TO
pass	VB
the	DT
Narcan	JJ
challenge	NN
.	.
Any	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
a	DT
positive	JJ
urine	NN
screen	NN
for	IN
opioids	NNS
.	.
Naltrexone	NNP
will	MD
block	VB
the	DT
effects	NNS
of	IN
narcotics	NNS
including	VBG
codeine	NN
in	IN
cough	NN
or	CC
pain	NN
preparations	NNS
.	.
Indications	NNS
:	:
For	IN
the	DT
acute	JJ
and	CC
maintenance	NN
treatment	NN
of	IN
schizophrenia	NN
and	CC
related	VBN
psychotic	JJ
disorders	NNS
.	.
In	IN
controlled	JJ
clinical	JJ
trials	NNS
,	,
olanzapine	NN
was	VBD
found	VBN
to	TO
improve	VB
both	DT
positive	JJ
and	CC
negative	JJ
symptoms	NNS
.	.
In	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
off-label	JJ
use	NN
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
administered	VBN
to	TO
patients	NNS
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
to	TO
help	VB
control	VB
obsessive	JJ
thinking	NN
.	.
As	IN
with	IN
other	JJ
drugs	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
high	JJ
alpha-1	JJ
adrenergic	NN
receptor	NN
blocking	VBG
activity	NN
,	,
olanzapine	NN
may	MD
induce	VB
orthostatic	JJ
hypotension	NN
,	,
tachycardia	NN
,	,
dizziness	NN
,	,
and	CC
sometimes	RB
syncope	NN
,	,
especially	RB
at	IN
the	DT
initiation	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
Potential	JJ
Effect	NN
on	IN
Cognitive	NNP
and	CC
Motor	NNP
Performance	NNP
:	:
Because	IN
olanzapine	NN
may	MD
cause	VB
somnolence	NN
,	,
patients	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
cautioned	VBN
about	IN
operating	VBG
hazardous	JJ
machinery	NN
,	,
including	VBG
motor	NN
vehicles	NNS
,	,
until	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
reasonably	RB
certain	JJ
that	IN
olanzapine	JJ
therapy	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
affect	VB
them	PRP
adversely	RB
.	.
Seizures	NNS
:	:
Conventional	JJ
neuroleptics	NNS
are	VBP
known	VBN
to	TO
lower	VB
seizure	NN
threshold	NN
.	.
In	IN
clinical	JJ
trials	NNS
,	,
seizures	NNS
have	VBP
occurred	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
small	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
olanzapine-treated	JJ
patients	NNS
.	.
Olanzapine	NNP
should	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
cautiously	RB
in	IN
patients	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
a	DT
history	NN
of	IN
seizures	NNS
or	CC
have	VBP
conditions	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
seizure	NN
or	CC
have	VB
a	DT
lowered	VBN
seizure	NN
threshold	NN
.	.
Precautions	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
exercised	VBN
when	WRB
using	VBG
olanzapine	NN
in	IN
patients	NNS
with	IN
pre-existing	JJ
hepatic	JJ
disorders	NNS
,	,
in	IN
patients	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
being	VBG
treated	VBN
with	IN
potentially	RB
hepatotoxic	JJ
drugs	NNS
,	,
or	CC
if	IN
treatment-emergent	JJ
signs	NNS
or	CC
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
hepatic	JJ
impairment	NN
appear	VBP
.	.
Uric	NNP
Acid	NNP
:	:
In	IN
the	DT
premarketing	VBG
clinical	JJ
trial	NN
database	NN
,	,
olanzapine	NN
was	VBD
associated	VBN
with	IN
mild	JJ
elevations	NNS
of	IN
uric	JJ
acid	NN
in	IN
some	DT
patients	NNS
.	.
Weight	NNP
Gain	NNP
:	:
Olanzapine	NNP
was	VBD
associated	VBN
with	IN
weight	NN
gain	NN
during	IN
clinical	JJ
trials	NNS
.	.
Patients	NNS
treated	VBD
at	IN
higher	JJR
doses	NNS
had	VBD
the	DT
greatest	JJS
mean	JJ
weight	NN
gain	NN
.	.
Antiemetic	NNP
Effect	NN
:	:
Consistent	JJ
with	IN
its	PRP$
dopamine	NN
antagonist	NN
effects	NNS
,	,
olanzapine	NN
may	MD
have	VB
an	DT
antiemetic	JJ
effect	NN
.	.
Such	PDT
an	DT
effect	NN
may	MD
mask	NN
signs	NNS
of	IN
toxicity	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
overdosage	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
drugs	NNS
or	CC
may	MD
mask	NN
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
disease	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
brain	NN
tumor	NN
or	CC
intestinal	JJ
obstruction	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
pregnant	JJ
or	CC
planning	VBG
to	TO
become	VB
pregnant	JJ
,	,
you	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
should	MD
discuss	VB
whether	IN
changes	NNS
to	TO
your	PRP$
treatment	NN
plan	NN
are	VBP
necessary	JJ
.	.
The	DT
effects	NNS
of	IN
ZYPREXA	NNP
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
studied	VBN
in	IN
pregnancy	NN
,	,
so	RB
you	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
should	MD
consider	VB
the	DT
benefits	NNS
versus	IN
the	DT
risks	NNS
of	IN
staying	VBG
with	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
You	PRP
should	MD
not	RB
take	VB
ZYPREXA	NNP
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
breast-feeding	NN
or	CC
planning	NN
to	TO
breast-feed	VB
a	DT
child	NN
.	.
Drug	NNP
Interaction	NNP
:	:
Given	VBN
the	DT
primary	JJ
CNS	NNP
effects	NNS
of	IN
olanzapine	NN
,	,
caution	NN
should	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
when	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
taken	VBN
in	IN
combination	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
centrally-acting	JJ
drugs	NNS
and	CC
alcohol	NN
.	.
As	IN
it	PRP
exhibits	VBZ
in	IN
vitro	NN
dopamine	NN
antagonism	NN
,	,
olanzapine	NN
may	MD
antagonize	VB
the	DT
effects	NNS
of	IN
levodopa	NN
and	CC
dopamine	NN
agonists	NNS
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
its	PRP$
potential	NN
for	IN
inducing	VBG
hypotension	NN
,	,
olanzapine	NN
may	MD
enhance	VB
the	DT
effects	NNS
of	IN
certain	JJ
antihypertensive	JJ
agents	NNS
.	.
Agents	NNS
that	WDT
induce	VBP
CYP1A2	CD
such	JJ
as	IN
omeprazole	NN
may	MD
increase	VB
clearance	NN
of	IN
olanzapine	NN
.	.
Conversely	RB
,	,
inhibitors	NNS
of	IN
CYP1A2	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
fluvoxamine	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
could	MD
potentially	RB
inhibit	VB
elimination	NN
of	IN
olanzapine	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
as	IN
olanzapine	NN
is	VBZ
metabolized	VBN
by	IN
multiple	JJ
enzyme	NN
systems	NNS
,	,
inhibition	NN
of	IN
a	DT
single	JJ
enzyme	NN
may	MD
not	RB
appreciably	RB
decrease	VB
olanzapine	JJ
clearance	NN
.	.
This	DT
section	NN
is	VBZ
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
big	JJ
questions	NNS
that	WDT
often	RB
come	VBP
through	RP
by	IN
e-mail	NN
...	:
``	``
Why	WRB
do	VBP
people	NNS
get	VB
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
to	TO
begin	VB
with	IN
?	.
''	''
and	CC
``	``
What	WP
causes	VBZ
someone	NN
to	TO
get	VB
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
?	.
''	''
Complex	JJ
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
contributing	VBG
factors	NNS
to	TO
why	WRB
an	DT
individual	NN
may	MD
suffer	VB
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
or	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
four	CD
sections	NNS
we	PRP
explore	VBP
are	VBP
...	:
Love	NNP
,	,
Listen	VB
,	,
Communicate	VB
and	CC
Validate	VB
.	.
These	DT
sections	NNS
contain	VBP
quotes	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
sufferers	NNS
as	IN
to	TO
what	WP
they	PRP
feel	VBP
could	MD
have	VB
prevented	VBN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
next	JJ
four	CD
are	VBP
additional	JJ
sections	NNS
on	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
outside	JJ
influences	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
play	VB
a	DT
role	NN
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
.	.
These	DT
sections	NNS
explore	VBP
society	NN
and	CC
the	DT
media	NNS
,	,
food	NN
and	CC
eating	NN
,	,
relationships	NNS
with	IN
family	NN
,	,
friends	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
loved-ones	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
issues	NNS
of	IN
physical	JJ
,	,
emotional	JJ
and	CC
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
.	.
Genetics	NNP
may	MD
,	,
for	IN
some	DT
sufferers	NNS
,	,
play	VB
a	DT
role	NN
in	IN
the	DT
onset	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
our	PRP$
belief	NN
that	IN
genetics	NNS
alone	RB
are	VBP
not	RB
the	DT
answer	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
'd	MD
like	VB
to	TO
read	VB
more	RBR
on	IN
Genetics	NNP
and	CC
Biology	NNP
,	,
click	VBP
here	RB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
remember	VB
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
not	RB
one	CD
single	JJ
simple	JJ
thing	NN
that	WDT
causes	VBZ
a	DT
person	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
usually	RB
lies	VBZ
in	IN
some	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
the	DT
social	JJ
,	,
environment	NN
,	,
and	CC
biological	JJ
attributes	NNS
,	,
and\/or	CC
the	DT
family	NN
dysfunction	NN
of	IN
each	DT
individual	NN
.	.
The	DT
one	CD
trait	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
obviously	RB
apparent	JJ
in	IN
all	DT
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
is	VBZ
their	PRP$
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
.	.
Often	RB
they	PRP
feel	VBP
as	IN
though	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
good	JJ
enough	RB
,	,
that	IN
they	PRP
never	RB
do	VBP
anything	NN
right	RB
,	,
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
scrutinized	VBN
by	IN
others	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
appearance	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
would	MD
get	VB
better	JJR
if	IN
they	PRP
could	MD
just	RB
lose	VB
weight	NN
.	.
Sufferers	NNS
can	MD
feel	VB
like	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
deserve	VB
to	TO
be	VB
happy	JJ
,	,
that	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
deserve	VB
good	JJ
things	NNS
to	TO
happen	VB
to	TO
them	PRP
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
deserve	VB
to	TO
have	VB
anything	NN
but	CC
what	WP
is	VBZ
felt	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
miserable	JJ
existence	NN
.	.
They	PRP
often	RB
feel	VBP
like	IN
a	DT
burden	NN
to	TO
others	NNS
,	,
trivialize	VBP
their	PRP$
own	JJ
problems	NNS
and	CC
feel	VB
as	IN
though	IN
other	JJ
people	NNS
deserve	VBP
help	VB
more	JJR
than	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Each	DT
section	NN
above	IN
,	,
while	IN
exploring	VBG
the	DT
causes	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
simultaneously	RB
ventures	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
depths	NNS
of	IN
why	WRB
each	DT
person	NN
suffers	VBZ
from	IN
a	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
self-esteem	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
uncommon	JJ
for	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
sufferers	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
viewed	VBN
by	IN
others	NNS
as	IN
compassionate	JJ
,	,
warm	JJ
,	,
giving	VBG
,	,
sensitive	JJ
,	,
and	CC
intelligent	JJ
people	NNS
.	.
The	DT
problem	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
each	DT
person	NN
suffering	NN
can	MD
not	RB
see	VB
in	IN
themselves	PRP
the	DT
beauty	NN
that	WDT
others	NNS
do	VBP
.	.
Their	PRP$
own	JJ
hate	NN
from	IN
within	IN
distorts	VBZ
their	PRP$
perception	NN
of	IN
how	WRB
truly	RB
wonderful	JJ
they	PRP
really	RB
are	VBP
.	.
For	IN
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
suffering	VBG
with	IN
or	CC
in	IN
recovery	NN
from	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
:	:
An	DT
interactive	JJ
bulletin	NN
board	NN
where	WRB
you	PRP
can	MD
read	VB
letters	NNS
from	IN
others	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
suffering	VBG
with	IN
or	CC
in	IN
recovery	NN
from	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
for	IN
those	DT
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
,	,
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
and	CC
ED-NOS	NNP
to	TO
come	VB
and	CC
give	VB
support	NN
to	TO
each	DT
other	JJ
.	.
Post	NNP
your	PRP$
own	JJ
letter	NN
or	CC
reply	NN
to	TO
the	DT
ones	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
there	RB
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
connect	VB
with	IN
thousands	NNS
of	IN
other	JJ
members	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
board	NN
itself	PRP
,	,
or	CC
through	IN
e-mail	NN
,	,
ICQ	NNP
,	,
AIM	NNP
,	,
Yahoo	NNP
and	CC
chat	VB
.	.
Click	VB
here	RB
to	TO
register	VB
.	.
For	IN
friends	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
of	IN
those	DT
suffering	VBG
who	WP
would	MD
like	VB
support	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
parents	NNS
,	,
step-parents	NNS
,	,
grandparents	NNS
,	,
sisters	NNS
&	CC
brothers	NNS
,	,
aunts	NNS
&	CC
uncles	NNS
,	,
cousins	NNS
,	,
spouses	NNS
,	,
lovers	NNS
,	,
friends	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
loved-ones	NNS
to	TO
find	VB
support	NN
and	CC
advice	NN
from	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
in	IN
learning	VBG
how	WRB
to	TO
best	JJS
support	NN
the	DT
person	NN
they	PRP
care	VBP
about	RB
.	.
Download	VB
the	DT
AOL	NNP
Instant	NNP
Messenger	NNP
-	:
AIM	SYM
-	:
chat	VB
software	NN
and	CC
find	VB
others	NNS
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
sufferers	NNS
and	CC
Family	NNP
members	NNS
of	IN
sufferers	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
using	VBG
this	DT
chat	VB
program	NN
to	TO
find	VB
support	NN
and	CC
to	TO
share	VB
recovery	NN
ideas	NNS
.	.
Real	JJ
Women	NNS
is	VBZ
a	DT
multi-sensory	JJ
exploration	NN
of	IN
body	NN
image	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
profound	JJ
impact	NN
on	IN
women	NNS
's	POS
health	NN
and	CC
well	RB
being	VBG
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
13	CD
small	JJ
bronze	NN
sculptures	NNS
and	CC
poems	NNS
portraying	VBG
women	NNS
of	IN
diverse	JJ
size	NN
,	,
shape	NN
,	,
culture	NN
and	CC
age	NN
.	.
Facilitating	VBG
personal	JJ
growth	NN
and	CC
spiritual	JJ
enlightenment	NN
through	IN
interaction	NN
and	CC
discussion	NN
,	,
we	PRP
encourage	VBP
new	JJ
perspectives	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
find	VB
meaning	NN
and	CC
purpose	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Large	JJ
resource	NN
directory	NN
.	.
Alt.Support.Eating-Disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
ASED	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
a	DT
friendly	JJ
group	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
currently	RB
have	VBP
,	,
are	VBP
recovering	VBG
from	IN
or	CC
who	WP
have	VBP
recovered	VBN
from	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
-	:
including	VBG
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeatering	NN
,	,
bulimarexia	NN
and\/or	CC
any	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
these	DT
.	.
ASED-list	JJ
is	VBZ
a	DT
continuation	NN
of	IN
that	DT
group	NN
.	.
Concerned	JJ
Counseling	NN
provides	VBZ
access	NN
to	TO
counseling	VBG
to	TO
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
members	NNS
through	IN
our	PRP$
private	JJ
chat	VBP
rooms	NNS
,	,
or	CC
by	IN
email	NN
or	CC
telephone	NN
.	.
The	DT
licensed	JJ
professional	JJ
counselors	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
on	IN
our	PRP$
website	NN
from	IN
10	CD
a.m.	NN
to	TO
10	CD
p.m.	NN
CST	NNP
,	,
7	CD
days	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
or	CC
by	IN
phone	NN
24	CD
hours	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
,	,
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
your	PRP$
concerns	NNS
or	CC
situation	NN
.	.
The	DT
``	``
POETRY	NN
''	''
section	NN
of	IN
the	DT
site	NN
has	VBZ
now	RB
been	VBN
incorporated	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
bulletin	NN
board	NN
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
allow	VB
authors	NNS
to	TO
retain	VB
anonymity	NN
if	IN
they	PRP
choose	VBP
to	TO
,	,
but	CC
will	MD
also	RB
allow	VB
others	NNS
to	TO
contact	VB
them	PRP
directly	RB
about	IN
their	PRP$
writings	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
they	PRP
choose	VBP
to	TO
allow	VB
it	PRP
in	IN
their	PRP$
member	NN
profile	NN
--	:
``	``
My	PRP$
Stuff	NN
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
already	RB
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
bulletin	NN
board	NN
system	NN
,	,
you	PRP
MUST	VBP
register	NN
before	IN
submitting	VBG
your	PRP$
own	JJ
article	NN
or	CC
story	NN
.	.
Please	VB
note	NN
,	,
we	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
allow	VB
registrations	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
Yahoo	NNP
or	CC
Hotmail	NNP
account	NN
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
chosen	VBN
to	TO
now	RB
accept	VB
poetry	NN
this	DT
way	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
us	PRP
with	IN
the	DT
time	NN
management	NN
required	VBN
in	IN
running	VBG
the	DT
entire	JJ
site	NN
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
encourages	VBZ
support	NN
and	CC
communication	NN
in	IN
all	DT
those	DT
who	WP
suffer	VBP
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
NOT	RB
wish	VB
to	TO
communicate	VB
with	IN
other	JJ
members	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
still	RB
post	VB
your	PRP$
poetry	NN
here	RB
--	:
when	WRB
you	PRP
register	VBP
just	RB
be	VB
sure	JJ
to	TO
check	VB
the	DT
box	NN
that	WDT
says	VBZ
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
want	VB
other	JJ
member	NN
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
e-mail	VB
you	PRP
,	,
and	CC
do	VBP
not	RB
include	VB
any	DT
additional	JJ
contact	NN
info	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
ICQ	NNP
number	NN
or	CC
AIM\/Yahoo	JJ
nickname	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Our	PRP$
Mission	NNP
:	:
We	PRP
are	VBP
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
raising	VBG
awareness	NN
...	:
emphasizing	VBG
always	RB
that	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
NOT	NNP
about	IN
food	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
;	:
They	PRP
are	VBP
just	RB
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
something	NN
deeper	JJR
going	VBG
on	IN
,	,
inside	IN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
determined	VBN
to	TO
remind	VB
each	DT
and	CC
every	DT
sufferer	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
alone	RB
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
complete	JJ
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
the	DT
loved-one	NN
of	IN
someone	NN
that	WDT
suffers	VBZ
,	,
use	VB
this	DT
website	NN
to	TO
educate	VB
yourself	PRP
.	.
The	DT
more	JJR
you	PRP
know	VBP
about	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
the	DT
more	JJR
you	PRP
are	VBP
equipped	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
support	NN
your	PRP$
loved-one	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
find	VB
help	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
recover	VB
.	.
And	CC
you	PRP
deserve	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
both	DT
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
over	IN
ten	CD
years	NNS
since	IN
I	PRP
started	VBD
this	DT
site	NN
back	RB
in	IN
1995	CD
,	,
and	CC
nearly	RB
8	CD
years	NNS
since	IN
we	PRP
opened	VBD
up	RP
the	DT
interactive	JJ
community	NN
here	RB
.	.
Tony	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
are	VBP
so	RB
proud	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
work	NN
we	PRP
have	VBP
done	VBN
in	IN
providing	VBG
a	DT
resource	NN
to	TO
so	RB
many	JJ
of	IN
you	PRP
who	WP
have	VBP
needed	VBN
to	TO
find	VB
a	DT
good	JJ
source	NN
of	IN
information	NN
and	CC
a	DT
safe	JJ
place	NN
for	IN
support	NN
.	.
Almost	RB
8	CD
million	CD
people	NNS
have	VBP
passed	VBN
through	IN
this	DT
site	NN
since	IN
its	PRP$
inception	NN
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
feel	VBP
honored	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
touched	VBN
so	RB
many	JJ
people	NNS
in	IN
such	JJ
a	DT
positive	JJ
way	NN
.	.
Over	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
few	JJ
years	NNS
our	PRP$
time	NN
has	VBZ
become	VBN
more	RBR
and	CC
more	RBR
limited	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
always	RB
managed	VBN
running	VBG
the	DT
site	NN
in	IN
between	IN
our	PRP$
paying	VBG
jobs	NNS
,	,
foregoing	VBG
vacations	NNS
and	CC
often	RB
staying	VBG
up	RP
late	RB
into	IN
the	DT
night	NN
.	.
We	PRP
're	VBP
older	JJR
now	RB
,	,
and	CC
having	VBG
such	PDT
a	DT
full	JJ
schedule	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
as	RB
easy	JJ
,	,
especially	RB
as	IN
the	DT
kids	NNS
get	VBP
older	JJR
and	CC
our	PRP$
time	NN
with	IN
them	PRP
becomes	VBZ
even	RB
more	RBR
precious	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
career	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
non-eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
related	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
has	VBZ
taken	VBN
a	DT
positive	JJ
direction	NN
as	IN
of	IN
late	RB
,	,
which	WDT
means	VBZ
even	RB
less	JJR
time	NN
for	IN
the	DT
site	NN
.	.
Tony	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
promised	VBD
each	DT
other	JJ
long	JJ
ago	IN
that	IN
if	IN
we	PRP
ever	RB
got	VBD
into	IN
the	DT
position	NN
where	WRB
we	PRP
just	RB
could	MD
n't	RB
focus	VB
on	IN
the	DT
site	NN
as	IN
it	PRP
needs	VBZ
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
time	NN
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
change	NN
.	.
Like	IN
we	PRP
always	RB
preach	VBP
to	TO
all	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
,	,
we	PRP
must	MD
take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
ourselves	PRP
too	RB
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
recently	RB
developed	VBN
a	DT
relationship	NN
with	IN
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
company	NN
called	VBD
CRC	NNP
Health	NNP
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
focused	VBN
on	IN
providing	VBG
recovery	NN
resources	NNS
,	,
for	IN
those	DT
suffering	VBG
with	IN
addictions	NNS
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
both	DT
online	NN
and	CC
in	IN
real-time	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
the	DT
owners	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
4Therapy	JJ
.	.
com	NN
and	CC
eGetgoing	VBG
websites	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
Sierra	NNP
Tucson	NNP
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
providing	VBG
more	JJR
resources	NNS
to	TO
those	DT
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and	CC
to	TO
expand	VB
their	PRP$
reach	NN
so	IN
everyone	NN
has	VBZ
access	NN
to	TO
information	NN
and	CC
support	NN
.	.
Tony	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
wish	VBP
you	PRP
all	PDT
the	DT
very	RB
best	RB
.	.
Each	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
CAN	NNP
and	CC
WILL	MD
recover	VB
...	:
you	PRP
have	VBP
that	DT
power	NN
within	IN
you	PRP
...	:
and	CC
we	PRP
know	VBP
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
valuable	JJ
resource	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
everyone	NN
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
on	IN
their	PRP$
healing	NN
journey	NN
.	.
On	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
all	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
at	IN
CRC	NNP
Health	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
great	JJ
pleasure	NN
to	TO
welcome	VB
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
and	CC
its	PRP$
community	NN
to	TO
our	PRP$
family	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
thank	VB
Amy	NNP
and	CC
Tony	NNP
for	IN
their	PRP$
support	NN
and	CC
confidence	NN
and	CC
recognize	VB
the	DT
wonderful	JJ
site	NN
and	CC
community	NN
they	PRP
have	VBP
developed	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
greatly	RB
appreciated	VBN
.	.
Since	IN
1995	CD
,	,
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
diligently	RB
offering	VBG
assistance	NN
to	TO
those	DT
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
20	CD
years	NNS
CRC	NNP
Health	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
setting	VBG
the	DT
standard	NN
of	IN
excellence	NN
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
addiction	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
behavioral	JJ
health	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
Including	VBG
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
into	IN
that	DT
philosophy	NN
enforces	VBZ
our	PRP$
commitment	NN
to	TO
creating	VBG
a	DT
vision	NN
of	IN
delivering	VBG
quality	NN
care	NN
to	TO
those	DT
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
redefining	VBG
the	DT
way	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
people	NNS
communicate	VBP
and	CC
reach	VBP
out	RP
for	IN
help	NN
.	.
Over	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
several	JJ
years	NNS
CRC	NNP
has	VBZ
dedicated	VBN
additional	JJ
personnel	NNS
and	CC
resources	NNS
to	TO
providing	VBG
the	DT
highest	JJS
quality	NN
care	NN
by	IN
embracing	VBG
the	DT
values	NNS
of	IN
integrity	NN
,	,
compassion	NN
and	CC
responsibility	NN
.	.
Incorporating	VBG
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
into	IN
our	PRP$
collection	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
accelerates	VBZ
CRC	NNP
's	POS
strategy	NN
of	IN
creating	VBG
a	DT
defining	VBG
policy	NN
that	WDT
offers	VBZ
more	RBR
solutions	NNS
for	IN
delivering	VBG
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
treatments	NNS
,	,
resources	NNS
,	,
support	NN
and	CC
information	NN
to	TO
those	DT
suffering	VBG
and	CC
their	PRP$
loved-ones	NNS
.	.
CRC	NNP
will	MD
carry	VB
on	RP
with	IN
an	DT
unwavering	JJ
commitment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	JJ
readers	NNS
by	IN
maintaining	VBG
the	DT
integrity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
site	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
thank	VB
Jik	NNP
,	,
BIBRI	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Kensington	NNP
for	IN
their	PRP$
continued	VBN
dedication	NN
and	CC
service	NN
.	.
The	DT
non-profit	JJ
organizations	NNS
listed	VBN
here	RB
can	MD
provide	VB
educational	JJ
and	CC
written	JJ
material	NN
,	,
lecture	VBP
information	NN
,	,
referrals	NNS
to	TO
treatment	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
area	NN
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
forget	VB
to	TO
also	RB
check	VB
out	RP
the	DT
Treatment	NNP
Finder	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
local	JJ
therapists	NNS
,	,
treatment	NN
facilities	NNS
,	,
dieticians	NNS
and	CC
support	NN
groups	NNS
.	.
The	DT
National	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Association	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
largest	JJS
nonprofit	JJ
organization	NN
in	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
expanding	VBG
public	JJ
understanding	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
promoting	VBG
access	NN
to	TO
quality	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
those	DT
affected	VBN
along	IN
with	IN
support	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
families	NNS
through	IN
education	NN
,	,
advocacy	NN
and	CC
research	NN
.	.
To	TO
achieve	VB
our	PRP$
mission	NN
,	,
we	PRP
have	VBP
developed	VBN
prevention	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
audiences	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
publish	VBP
and	CC
distribute	VBP
educational	JJ
materials	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
operate	VBP
the	DT
nation	NN
's	POS
first	JJ
toll-free	JJ
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
information	NN
and	CC
referral	NN
line	NN
at	IN
1-800-931-2237	CD
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
continually	RB
work	VBP
to	TO
change	VB
the	DT
cultural	JJ
,	,
familial	JJ
,	,
and	CC
interpersonal	JJ
factors	NNS
which	WDT
contribute	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Phoenix	NNP
,	,
AZ	NNP
85022	CD
a	DT
fellowship	NN
of	IN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
share	VBP
their	PRP$
experience	NN
,	,
strength	NN
and	CC
hope	NN
with	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
that	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
solve	VB
their	PRP$
common	JJ
problems	NNS
and	CC
help	VB
others	NNS
to	TO
recover	VB
from	IN
their	PRP$
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
People	NNS
can	MD
and	CC
do	VB
fully	RB
recover	VB
from	IN
having	VBG
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
In	IN
EDA	NNP
,	,
we	PRP
help	VBP
one	CD
another	DT
identify	VB
and	CC
claim	VB
milestones	NNS
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
To	TO
be	VB
a	DT
cohesive	JJ
resource	NN
in	IN
providing	VBG
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
sufferers	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
better	JJR
chance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
cure	NN
.	.
We	PRP
accomplish	VBP
this	DT
by	IN
educating	VBG
Health	NNP
professionals	NNS
,	,
Parents	NNS
,	,
Children	NNP
,	,
The	NNP
Community	NNP
and	CC
The	NNP
Funding	NNP
Community	NNP
.	.
NEDSP	NNP
represents	VBZ
the	DT
first	JJ
large	JJ
scale	NN
screening	VBG
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
includes	VBZ
an	DT
educational	JJ
presentation	NN
on	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and\/or	CC
related	VBN
topics	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
nutrition	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
a	DT
written	VBN
screening	NN
test	NN
and	CC
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
one-on-one	JJ
with	IN
a	DT
health	NN
professional	NN
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
provides	VBZ
individuals	NNS
with	IN
information	NN
about	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
help	VB
friends	NNS
or	CC
family	NN
members	NNS
who	WP
may	MD
be	VB
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
To	TO
promote	VB
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
federal	JJ
level	NN
,	,
further	JJ
investment	NN
in	IN
the	DT
healthy	JJ
development	NN
of	IN
children	NNS
and	CC
all	DT
at	IN
risk	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
recognition	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
health	NN
priority	NN
,	,
and	CC
commitment	NN
to	TO
effective	JJ
prevention	NN
and	CC
evidence	NN
based	VBN
and	CC
accessible	JJ
treatment	NN
of	IN
these	DT
disorders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
EDCLI	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
non-profit	JJ
organization	NN
devoted	VBN
to	TO
prevention	NN
,	,
education	NN
and	CC
support	NN
:	:
prevention	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
education	NN
about	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
support	NN
to	TO
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
their	PRP$
families	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
friends	NNS
.	.
A	DT
non-profit	JJ
501	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
tax-exempt	JJ
organization	NN
that	WDT
strives	VBZ
to	TO
save	VB
lives	NNS
through	IN
education	NN
,	,
prevention	NN
,	,
intervention	NN
,	,
advocacy	NN
and	CC
future	JJ
financial	JJ
assistance	NN
for	IN
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Sylphs	NNPS
is	VBZ
a	DT
non-profit	JJ
,	,
non-religious	JJ
and	CC
non-party-political	JJ
association	NN
which	WDT
organizes	VBZ
people	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
overeating	NN
disorder	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
that	DT
is	VBZ
eating	VBG
for	IN
comfort	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
other	JJ
people	NNS
who	WP
sympathize	VBP
with	IN
the	DT
objects	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
association	NN
and	CC
who	WP
will	MD
work	VB
in	IN
its	PRP$
spirit	NN
.	.
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Action	NNP
Group	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
community	NN
based	VBN
,	,
charitable	JJ
organization	NN
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
promoting	VBG
healthy	JJ
body	NN
image	NN
and	CC
self	NN
esteem	NN
and	CC
to	TO
supporting	VBG
individuals	NNS
who	WP
experience	VBP
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
Linda	NNP
Omichinski	NNP
,	,
RD	NNP
linda@hugs.com	NNP
The	DT
center	NN
for	IN
information	NN
and	CC
resources	NNS
about	IN
nondieting	VBG
for	IN
adults	NNS
and	CC
teens	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
worldwide	JJ
support	NN
and	CC
programs	NNS
for	IN
people	NNS
seeking	VBG
a	DT
lifestyle	NN
without	IN
diets	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
the	DT
information	NN
that	WDT
appears	VBZ
on	IN
this	DT
Website	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
meant	VBN
as	IN
replacement	NN
for	IN
proper	JJ
care	NN
from	IN
a	DT
doctor	NN
,	,
therapists	NNS
,	,
nutritionist	NN
,	,
support	NN
group	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
medical	JJ
professional	NN
.	.
Always	RB
seek	VB
the	DT
advice	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
physician	NN
,	,
therapist	NN
,	,
dietician	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
medical	JJ
professional	JJ
,	,
with	IN
any	DT
questions	NNS
you	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
regarding	VBG
your	PRP$
health	NN
.	.
Never	RB
disregard	VB
professional	JJ
medical	JJ
advice	NN
or	CC
delay	NN
in	IN
seeking	VBG
it	PRP
because	IN
of	IN
something	NN
you	PRP
have	VBP
read	VBN
on	IN
this	DT
,	,
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
medical-related	JJ
website	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
think	VBP
you	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
a	DT
medical	JJ
emergency	NN
,	,
call	VB
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
,	,
therapist	NN
or	CC
911	CD
immediately	RB
.	.
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
recommend	VB
or	CC
endorse	VB
any	DT
specific	JJ
tests	NNS
,	,
physicians	NNS
,	,
products	NNS
,	,
procedures	NNS
,	,
opinions	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
information	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
mentioned	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Site	NN
.	.
Reliance	NNP
on	IN
any	DT
information	NN
provided	VBN
by	IN
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
,	,
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Employees	NNP
,	,
volunteers	NNS
or	CC
members	NNS
,	,
others	NNS
appearing	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
Site	NN
at	IN
the	DT
invitation	NN
of	IN
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
visitors	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Site	NNP
you	PRP
use	VBP
solely	RB
at	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
risk	NN
.	.
In	IN
no	DT
event	NN
shall	MD
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
,	,
its	PRP$
licensors	NNS
,	,
its	PRP$
suppliers	NNS
,	,
or	CC
any	DT
third	JJ
parties	NNS
mentioned	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Site	NNP
be	VB
liable	JJ
for	IN
any	DT
damages	NNS
resulting	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
or	CC
inability	NN
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Site	NNP
or	CC
its	PRP$
Content	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
is	VBZ
meant	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
informational	JJ
purposes	NNS
only	RB
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
place	NN
for	IN
peer-support	NN
to	TO
the	DT
friends	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
of	IN
those	DT
suffering	VBG
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
those	DT
who	WP
suffer	VBP
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
themselves	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
meant	VBN
to	TO
give	VB
you	PRP
some	DT
hope	NN
and	CC
incentive	NN
in	IN
reaching	VBG
out	RP
for	IN
help	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
reference	NN
place	NN
of	IN
resources	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
you	PRP
started	VBN
on	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
personal	JJ
road	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
,	,
through	IN
national	JJ
organizations	NNS
,	,
local	JJ
treatment	NN
options	NNS
,	,
on-line	JJ
support	NN
,	,
and	CC
links	NNS
to	TO
other	JJ
websites	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
topic	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
all	DT
it	PRP
is	VBZ
meant	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
reminder	NN
to	TO
everyone	NN
out	IN
there	RB
suffering	VBG
,	,
``	``
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
alone	RB
.	.
''	''
Your	PRP$
privacy	NN
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
us	PRP
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
remember	VB
that	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
public	JJ
place	NN
.	.
Any	DT
information	NN
that	IN
we	PRP
collect	VBP
when	WRB
you	PRP
sign	VBP
up	RP
for	IN
any	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	JJ
service	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
bulletin	NN
boards	NNS
,	,
newsletter	NN
,	,
ICQ	NNP
or	CC
AIM	NNP
lists	NNS
,	,
chatrooms	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
completely	RB
confidential	JJ
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
communication	NN
through	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
,	,
we	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
accept	VB
memberships	NNS
to	TO
any	DT
area	NN
of	IN
the	DT
site	NN
from	IN
anyone	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
under	IN
thirteen	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
age	NN
without	IN
prior	JJ
parental	JJ
permission	NN
.	.
If	IN
we	PRP
find	VBP
that	IN
a	DT
member	NN
is	VBZ
under	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
13	CD
their	PRP$
membership	NN
will	MD
be	VB
immediately	RB
suspended	VBN
and	CC
an	DT
attempt	NN
to	TO
contact	VB
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
in	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Children	NNP
's	POS
Online	NNP
Privacy	NNP
Protection	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
over	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
thirteen	CD
,	,
for	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
safety	NN
we	PRP
ask	VBP
that	IN
when	WRB
you	PRP
do	VBP
sign	VB
up	RP
for	IN
any	DT
service	NN
on	IN
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
,	,
or	CC
anywhere	RB
on	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
,	,
you	PRP
please	VB
be	VB
careful	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
personal	JJ
information	NN
you	PRP
choose	VBP
to	TO
share	VB
including	VBG
your	PRP$
last	JJ
name	NN
,	,
e-mail	NN
address	NN
,	,
home	NN
address	NN
or	CC
telephone	NN
number	NN
.	.
All	DT
written	VBN
content	NN
,	,
graphics	NNS
and	CC
HTML	NNP
documentation	NN
of	IN
The	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
is	VBZ
copyrighted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
All	DT
of	IN
the	DT
information	NN
contained	VBN
on	IN
all	DT
pages	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
with	IN
the	DT
exception	NN
of	IN
material	NN
submitted	VBN
by	IN
other	JJ
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
,	,
as	IN
noted	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
was	VBD
written	VBN
by	IN
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
copyrighted	VBN
as	IN
such	JJ
.	.
All	DT
content	NN
,	,
data	NNS
,	,
logos	NNS
and	CC
trademarks	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
collectively	RB
defined	VBN
as	IN
``	``
Intellectual	NNP
Property	NNP
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
the	DT
exclusive	JJ
property	NN
of	IN
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
In	IN
rare	JJ
cases	NNS
copyright	NN
of	IN
certain	JJ
elements	NNS
are	VBP
owned	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
third	JJ
party	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
so	RB
indicated	VBN
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
All	DT
material	NN
contained	VBN
on	IN
all	DT
and	CC
any	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
pages	NNS
is	VBZ
fully	RB
protected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
copyright	NN
and	CC
trademark	NN
laws	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
and	CC
other	JJ
countries	NNS
.	.
Any	DT
unauthorized	JJ
use	NN
including	VBG
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
reprint	VB
and\/or	CC
reproduction	NN
,	,
transfer	NN
,	,
or	CC
transmission	NN
,	,
beyond	IN
what	WP
is	VBZ
received	VBN
in	IN
prior	JJ
written	VBN
permission	NN
by	IN
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
strictly	RB
prohibited	VBN
.	.
To	TO
receive	VB
written	VBN
permission	NN
to	TO
reprint	VB
or	CC
reproduce	VB
any	DT
content	NN
from	IN
this	DT
site	NN
,	,
please	VB
contact	NN
us	PRP
by	IN
e-mail	NN
.	.
The	DT
material	NN
contained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
was	VBD
obtained	VBN
through	IN
many	JJ
hours	NNS
of	IN
research	NN
,	,
reading	VBG
many	JJ
articles	NNS
and	CC
books	NNS
,	,
and	CC
watching	VBG
and	CC
participating	VBG
in	IN
documentaries	NNS
,	,
but	CC
most	JJS
of	IN
all	DT
through	IN
first-hand	JJ
personal	JJ
experience	NN
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
talking	VBG
and	CC
corresponding	JJ
with	IN
many	JJ
of	IN
those	DT
struggling	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
,	,
doctors	NNS
,	,
treatment	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
therapists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
members	NNS
and	CC
volunteers	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Organizations	NNPS
.	.
My	PRP$
personal	JJ
and	CC
professional	JJ
correspondence	NN
,	,
research	NN
and	CC
experience	NN
continues	VBZ
daily	RB
.	.
All	DT
listings	NNS
that	WDT
appear	VBP
within	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Finder	NNP
have	VBP
been	VBN
submitted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
doctors	NNS
,	,
therapists	NNS
,	,
support	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
dietitians	NNS
and	CC
treatment	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
intent	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
listed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
for	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
All	DT
listings	NNS
appear	VBP
exclusively	RB
under	IN
the	DT
copyright	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
submitting	VBG
professional	JJ
or	CC
listed	VBN
organization	NN
.	.
As	IN
with	IN
all	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
website	NN
,	,
this	DT
content	NN
,	,
in	IN
part	NN
or	CC
in	IN
whole	JJ
,	,
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
reproduced	VBN
without	IN
prior	RB
written	VBN
permission	NN
.	.
Read	VB
About	IN
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
section	NN
that	WDT
takes	VBZ
you	PRP
through	IN
the	DT
story	NN
of	IN
a	DT
young	JJ
woman	NN
struggling	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
as	IN
told	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
friend	NN
.	.
This	DT
material	NN
appears	VBZ
exclusively	RB
on	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
and	CC
it	PRP
copyrighted	VBD
to	TO
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
,	,
Lisa	NNP
Arndt	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
friend	NN
who	WP
provides	VBZ
all	DT
updates	NNS
on	IN
Caron	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
Caron	NNP
herself	PRP
,	,
as	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
her	PRP$
story	NN
.	.
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
may	MD
revise	VB
and	CC
update	VB
these	DT
terms	NNS
and	CC
conditions	NNS
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
continued	VBN
usage	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
``	``
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Site	NNP
,	,
''	''
or	CC
the	DT
``	``
Site	NN
,	,
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
will	MD
mean	VB
you	PRP
accept	VB
any	DT
and	CC
all	DT
changes	NNS
.	.
The	DT
following	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
the	DT
updates	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
website	NN
.	.
Because	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
now	RB
so	RB
many	JJ
dynamic	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
site	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
change	VB
daily	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
the	DT
Treatment	NNP
Finder	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
this	DT
list	NN
is	VBZ
no	RB
longer	RB
kept	VBD
up-to-date	JJ
.	.
Fill	VB
out	RP
the	DT
form	NN
below	IN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
contact	VB
us	PRP
as	RB
quickly	RB
and	CC
effectively	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
Please	VB
understand	VB
that	IN
we	PRP
get	VBP
quite	RB
a	DT
bit	NN
of	IN
e-mail	NN
,	,
so	RB
be	VB
patient	JJ
waiting	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
response	NN
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
try	VB
to	TO
get	VB
back	RB
to	TO
you	PRP
as	RB
quickly	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
and	CC
will	MD
not	RB
answer	VB
specific	JJ
medical	JJ
questions	NNS
better	RBR
answered	VBN
by	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
doctor	NN
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
answer	VB
questions	NNS
regarding	VBG
books	NNS
reports	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
answered	VBN
within	IN
the	DT
site	NN
itself	PRP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
doctor	NN
,	,
therapist	NN
,	,
dietitian	NN
,	,
treatment	NN
facility	NN
,	,
support	NN
group	NN
,	,
hospital	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
health	NN
practitioner	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
advertise	VB
on	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
read	VB
the	DT
guidelines	NNS
below	IN
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
to	TO
protect	VB
the	DT
integrity	NN
of	IN
what	WP
we	PRP
do	VBP
here	RB
at	IN
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
,	,
we	PRP
impose	VBP
simple	JJ
guidelines	NNS
on	IN
placing	VBG
advertising	NN
banners	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
read	VB
through	IN
them	PRP
below	IN
before	IN
contacting	VBG
us	PRP
with	IN
questions	NNS
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
request	VB
pricing	NN
information	NN
.	.
Advertising	NNP
helps	VBZ
support	VB
this	DT
site	NN
and	CC
our	PRP$
goals	NNS
to	TO
continue	VB
raising	VBG
awareness	NN
,	,
but	CC
we	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
wish	VB
for	IN
it	PRP
to	TO
become	VB
``	``
tacky	JJ
''	''
or	CC
against	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
interests	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
visitors	NNS
.	.
At	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
advertising	NN
banners	NNS
will	MD
only	RB
appear	VB
within	IN
the	DT
Treatment	NNP
Finder	NNP
,	,
Special	JJ
Bulletins	NNS
,	,
News	NNP
,	,
Organizations	NNP
,	,
Hotlines	NNP
,	,
Written	VBN
Materials	NNPS
,	,
Research	NNP
,	,
Reprinted	VBN
Aricles	NNPS
by	IN
Professionals	NNPS
,	,
Online	NNP
Support	NN
Options	NNS
,	,
Newsletter	NNP
Subscription	NNP
,	,
Family	NNP
&	CC
Friends	NNPS
Support	NN
and	CC
Other	JJ
Websites	NNS
sections	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
;	:
There	EX
are	VBP
several	JJ
pages	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Recovery-Reach	NNP
Out	IN
section	NN
that	IN
now	RB
also	RB
contain	VBP
banners	NNS
.	.
These	DT
are	VBP
all	DT
areas	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
site	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
members	NNS
are	VBP
most	RBS
likely	JJ
seeking	VBG
further	JJ
information	NN
or	CC
support	NN
from	IN
outside	JJ
resources	NNS
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
high	JJ
visibility	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
also	RB
a	DT
banner	NN
on	IN
the	DT
main\/home	NN
page	NN
.	.
We	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
allow	VB
any	DT
diet	NN
companies	NNS
,	,
or	CC
online	JJ
drug	NN
stores	NNS
to	TO
advertise	VB
on	IN
this	DT
site	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
NO	RB
exceptions	NNS
to	TO
this	DT
.	.
Any	DT
company	NN
selling	VBG
diet	NN
products	NNS
,	,
diet	NN
pills	NNS
,	,
laxatives	NNS
,	,
diuretics	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
or	CC
any	DT
product	NN
related	VBN
specifically	RB
to	TO
weight	VB
loss	NN
,	,
directly	RB
conflict	NN
with	IN
the	DT
mission	NN
of	IN
this	DT
site	NN
.	.
Those	DT
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
advertise	VB
should	MD
fall	VB
under	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
categories	NNS
:	:
Therapists	NNS
,	,
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Facilities	NNPS
,	,
Nutritionists	NNPS
and	CC
Dieticians	NNPS
,	,
Support	NN
Groups	NNS
and	CC
12-Step	JJ
Groups	NNS
,	,
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Organizations	NNPS
and	CC
Companies	NNPS
or	CC
specific	JJ
events	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
such	JJ
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
and	CC
motivational	JJ
resources	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
us	PRP
in	IN
sticking	VBG
with	IN
our	PRP$
mission	NN
to	TO
make	VB
available	JJ
information	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
helping	VBG
those	DT
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
;	:
Our	PRP$
advertising	NN
should	MD
reflect	VB
this	DT
.	.
We	PRP
reserve	VBP
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
reject	VB
any	DT
company	NN
or	CC
banner	NN
for	IN
placement	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
.	.
Any	DT
person	NN
or	CC
company	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
not	RB
eligible	JJ
,	,
does	VBZ
not	RB
fit	VB
the	DT
guidelines	NNS
above	IN
,	,
or	CC
who	WP
has	VBZ
a	DT
banner	NN
rejected	VBD
for	IN
any	DT
reason	NN
will	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
a	DT
reason	NN
why	WRB
said	VBD
advertising	NN
opportunity	NN
or	CC
banner	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
declined	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
present	JJ
time	NN
.	.
The	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
plan	VBP
to	TO
continue	VB
it	PRP
long	RB
into	IN
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
The	DT
idea	NN
has	VBZ
always	RB
been	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
those	DT
suffering	VBG
to	TO
come	VB
together	RB
and	CC
find	VB
support	NN
,	,
to	TO
share	VB
their	PRP$
emotions	NNS
and	CC
experiences	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
let	VB
every	DT
sufferer	NN
out	IN
there	RB
know	VBP
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
alone	RB
.	.
Remember	VB
It	PRP
Hurts	VBZ
,	,
this	DT
bulletin	NN
board	NN
is	VBZ
closely	RB
monitored	VBN
to	TO
insure	VB
everyone	NN
's	POS
best	JJS
interests	NNS
--	:
and	CC
those	DT
wishing	VBG
to	TO
post	VB
will	MD
have	VB
to	TO
register	VB
first	RB
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
meant	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
place	NN
where	WRB
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
can	MD
feel	VB
safe	JJ
in	IN
sharing	VBG
their	PRP$
experiences	NNS
with	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
,	,
and	CC
find	VB
interactive	JJ
support	NN
from	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
.	.
May	NNP
20	CD
,	,
2005	CD
:	:
The	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
got	VBD
mentioned	VBN
as	IN
one	CD
of	IN
``	``
the	DT
best	JJS
sites	NNS
with	IN
constructive	JJ
support	NN
''	''
,	,
as	IN
opposed	VBN
to	TO
some	DT
negative	JJ
ED	JJ
websites	NNS
that	WDT
discourage	VBP
recovery	NN
according	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
recent	JJ
study	NN
.	.
``	``
Dialogue	NN
between	IN
an	DT
affected	JJ
teen	NN
and	CC
her	PRP$
parents	NNS
is	VBZ
key	JJ
,	,
the	DT
researchers	NNS
said	VBD
.	.
Concerned	JJ
parents	NNS
can	MD
direct	VB
their	PRP$
child	NN
to	TO
sites	NNS
with	IN
constructive	JJ
support	NN
in	IN
beating	VBG
anorexia	NN
or	CC
bulimia	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
Dr.	NNP
Rebecka	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
Peebles	NNP
said	VBD
.	.
She	PRP
believes	VBZ
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
sites	NNS
include	VBP
somethingfishy.org	JJ
or	CC
renfrew.org	JJ
.	.
''	''
With	IN
so	RB
much	JJ
media	NNS
attention	NN
on	IN
negative	JJ
and	CC
triggering	VBG
websites	NNS
that	WDT
encourage	VBP
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
as	IN
lifestyles	NNS
,	,
not	RB
as	IN
the	DT
truly	RB
incideous	JJ
illnesses	NNS
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
for	IN
us	PRP
to	TO
openly	RB
address	VB
this	DT
issue	NN
to	TO
the	DT
visitors	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
site	NN
.	.
Whether	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
new	JJ
visitor	NN
,	,
or	CC
someone	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
coming	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
for	IN
years	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
understand	VB
that	IN
we	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
PRO	FW
RECOVERY	NN
website	NN
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
hard	RB
since	IN
1995	CD
to	TO
address	VB
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
and	CC
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
as	IN
serious	JJ
mental	JJ
illnesses	NNS
,	,
ones	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
not	RB
only	RB
lead	VB
to	TO
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
physical	JJ
dangers	NNS
,	,
but	CC
terrible	JJ
ongoing	JJ
emotional	JJ
turmoil	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
not	RB
about	RB
weight	NN
and	CC
food	NN
,	,
though	IN
their	PRP$
symptoms	NNS
would	MD
have	VB
everyone	NN
``	``
on	IN
the	DT
outside	JJ
''	''
fooled	VBN
into	IN
thinking	VBG
so	RB
.	.
These	DT
illnesses	NNS
are	VBP
about	IN
an	DT
inability	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
life	NN
and	CC
stress	NN
;	:
they	PRP
are	VBP
about	RB
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
feeling	NN
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
;	:
and	CC
they	PRP
are	VBP
an	DT
internal	JJ
power	NN
struggle	NN
for	IN
survival	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
read	VB
``	``
This	DT
Child	NN
''	''
;	:
read	VB
``	``
Prevention	NNP
-	:
Causes	NNS
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
We	PRP
encourage	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
take	VB
your	PRP$
time	NN
and	CC
read	VB
through	IN
the	DT
website	NN
and	CC
learn	VB
as	RB
much	JJ
about	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
as	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
.	.
Many	JJ
things	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
triggering	VBG
to	TO
someone	NN
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
--	:
where	WRB
``	``
triggering	VBG
''	''
means	VBZ
it	PRP
can	MD
contribute	VB
further	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
sufferer	NN
feeling	NN
badly	RB
about	IN
themselves	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
our	PRP$
priority	NN
to	TO
do	VB
everything	NN
we	PRP
can	MD
to	TO
provide	VB
as	IN
safe	JJ
and	CC
as	IN
non-triggering	JJ
an	DT
environment	NN
here	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
no	DT
weights	NNS
discussed	VBN
on	IN
this	DT
website	NN
,	,
no	DT
calorie	NN
amounts	VBZ
or	CC
discussion	NN
of	IN
body	NN
mass	NN
,	,
and	CC
our	PRP$
online	JJ
support	NN
community	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
bulletin	NN
board	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
has	VBZ
strict	JJ
rules	NNS
that	WDT
forbid	VBP
discussion	NN
of	IN
numbers	NNS
and	CC
tips	NNS
to	TO
promote	VB
a	DT
safe	JJ
environment	NN
that	WDT
encourages	VBZ
recovery	NN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
also	RB
NEVER	RB
find	VB
any	DT
pictures	NNS
here	RB
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
see	VB
someone	NN
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
walk	VBP
down	IN
the	DT
street	NN
and	CC
look	VB
at	IN
anyone	NN
...	:
because	IN
anyone	NN
can	MD
suffer	VB
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
woman	NN
or	CC
man	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
need	VB
to	TO
appear	VB
emaciated	JJ
nor	CC
obese	JJ
to	TO
suffer	VB
from	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
or	CC
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Visiting	VBG
websites	NNS
that	WDT
encourage	VBP
Anorexia	NNP
or	CC
Bulimia	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
``	``
lifestyle	NN
''	''
is	VBZ
another	DT
signal	NN
that	IN
someone	NN
may	MD
be	VB
suffering	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
think	VB
of	IN
an	DT
alcoholic	JJ
who	WP
continuously	RB
hangs	VBZ
around	RP
with	IN
other	JJ
drinkers	NNS
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
drug	NN
addict	NN
who	WP
keeps	VBZ
company	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
addicts	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
an	DT
indication	NN
that	IN
the	DT
sufferer	NN
may	MD
be	VB
in	IN
denial	NN
,	,
or	CC
may	MD
be	VB
looking	VBG
to	TO
justify	VB
to	TO
themselves	PRP
and	CC
those	DT
around	IN
them	PRP
that	IN
their	PRP$
behaviors	NNS
are	VBP
okay	JJ
,	,
are	VBP
safe	JJ
,	,
are	VBP
``	``
normal	JJ
''	''
.	.
While	IN
it	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
comforting	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
sufferer	NN
to	TO
be	VB
amongst	IN
those	DT
who	WP
understand	VBP
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
safe	JJ
or	CC
healthy	JJ
for	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
an	DT
environment	NN
where	WRB
the	DT
behaviors	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
or	CC
justified	VBN
as	IN
okay	JJ
,	,
safe	JJ
,	,
fine	JJ
or	CC
``	``
just	RB
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
''	''
--	:
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
dangerous	JJ
,	,
self-defeating	JJ
,	,
self-destructive	JJ
,	,
and	CC
very	RB
often	RB
,	,
life	NN
threatening	JJ
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
looking	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
picture	NN
of	IN
someone	NN
with	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
a	DT
pro	JJ
ana	NN
website	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
website	NN
with	IN
anorexia	NN
tips	NNS
and	CC
tricks	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
any	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
tips	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
you	PRP
've	VBP
come	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
wrong	JJ
place	NN
...	:
and	CC
we	PRP
hope	VBP
you	PRP
'll	MD
reconsider	VB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
place	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
sure	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
`	``
okay	JJ
'	''
...	:
that	IN
I	PRP
knew	VBD
how	WRB
to	TO
keep	VB
myself	PRP
safe	JJ
...	:
that	IN
my	PRP$
behaviors	NNS
did	VBD
n't	RB
hurt	VBN
others	NNS
or	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
keep	VB
myself	PRP
from	IN
going	VBG
`	``
too	RB
far	RB
'	''
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
lived	VBN
inside	IN
of	IN
denial	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
lived	VBN
inside	IN
the	DT
place	NN
where	WRB
having	VBG
Anorexia	NNP
made	VBD
me	PRP
feel	VB
`	``
special	JJ
'	''
or	CC
`	``
different	JJ
'	''
or	CC
`	``
deep	JJ
and	CC
mysterious	JJ
'	''
...	:
or	CC
where	WRB
I	PRP
thought	VBD
it	PRP
would	MD
get	VB
me	PRP
more	JJR
liked	VBD
,	,
more	JJR
attention	NN
from	IN
those	DT
I	PRP
needed	VBD
it	PRP
from	IN
,	,
or	CC
even	RB
where	WRB
I	PRP
thought	VBD
it	PRP
would	MD
make	VB
me	PRP
disappear	VB
so	RB
no	RB
one	PRP
would	MD
notice	VB
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
it	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
`	``
strong	JJ
'	''
.	.
``	``
What	WP
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
by	IN
getting	VBG
through	IN
to	TO
the	DT
other	JJ
side	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
by	IN
being	VBG
recoverED	VBN
,	,
is	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
a	DT
good	JJ
person	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
much	RB
more	RBR
complete	JJ
person	NN
WITHOUT	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
lose	VB
my	PRP$
compassion	NN
or	CC
my	PRP$
ability	NN
to	TO
understand	VB
,	,
nor	CC
did	VBD
I	PRP
lose	VBP
my	PRP$
creativity	NN
or	CC
ability	NN
to	TO
be	VB
unique	JJ
.	.
What	WP
I	PRP
gained	VBD
was	VBD
more	RBR
creativity	NN
and	CC
understanding	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
true	JJ
appreciation	NN
for	IN
how	WRB
special	JJ
I	PRP
truly	RB
am	VBP
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
truly	RB
unique	JJ
we	PRP
ALL	NNP
are	VBP
.	.
What	WP
I	PRP
know	VBP
now	RB
is	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
much	RB
more	JJR
strength	NN
to	TO
recover	VB
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
truly	RB
live	VB
life	NN
,	,
than	IN
to	TO
hide	VB
away	RB
inside	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
forever	RB
.	.
''	''
The	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
site	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
EVER	RB
encourage	VB
anything	NN
but	CC
for	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
visitors	NNS
to	TO
strive	VB
for	IN
recovery	NN
...	:
to	TO
strive	VB
to	TO
find	VB
the	DT
strength	NN
to	TO
search	VB
for	IN
who	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
,	,
deep	JJ
down	IN
underneith	NN
disordered	JJ
behaviors	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
NOT	NNP
your	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
nor	CC
is	VBZ
your	PRP$
identity	NN
lost	VBD
forever	RB
to	TO
behaviors	NNS
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
stop	VB
thinking	VBG
about	IN
,	,
or	CC
problems	NNS
and	CC
stresses	VBZ
you	PRP
feel	VBP
trapped	VBN
in	IN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
free	JJ
of	IN
your	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
...	:
so	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
free	JJ
just	RB
to	TO
be	VB
YOU	PRP
.	.
And	CC
for	IN
parents	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
loved-ones	NNS
who	WP
may	MD
stumble	VB
across	IN
this	DT
website	NN
,	,
please	VB
take	VB
the	DT
time	NN
to	TO
browse	VB
around	RB
and	CC
to	TO
understand	VB
that	IN
not	RB
ALL	JJ
websites	NNS
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNS
are	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
web	NN
with	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
to	TO
encourage	VB
an	DT
unhealthy	JJ
``	``
lifestyle	NN
''	''
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
an	DT
illness	NN
...	:
and	CC
our	PRP$
goal	NN
here	RB
has	VBZ
always	RB
been	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
,	,
to	TO
reach	VB
out	RP
and	CC
offer	VBP
hope	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
push	VB
for	IN
the	DT
recovery	NN
from	IN
this	DT
illness	NN
...	:
the	DT
recovery	NN
of	IN
each	DT
visitor	NN
that	WDT
enters	VBZ
the	DT
virtual	JJ
door	NN
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
done	VBN
this	DT
since	IN
1995	CD
,	,
and	CC
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
long	RB
into	IN
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
First	NNP
and	CC
foremost	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
understand	VB
that	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
as	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
to	TO
support	VB
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Awareness	NNP
has	VBZ
NEVER	RB
,	,
and	CC
will	MD
never	RB
,	,
endorse	VB
,	,
support	VB
or	CC
participate	VB
in	IN
any	DT
banner	NN
program	NN
that	WDT
displays	VBZ
diet	NN
advertising	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
NO	RB
pop-ups	NNS
on	IN
this	DT
site	NN
,	,
programmed	VBN
by	IN
this	DT
site	NN
,	,
supplied	VBN
by	IN
this	DT
site	NN
or	CC
displayed	VBN
on	IN
your	PRP$
computer	NN
as	IN
a	DT
direct	JJ
result	NN
of	IN
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Websites	NNP
.	.
Through	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
software	NN
above	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
others	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
you	PRP
may	MD
unintentionally	RB
be	VB
installing	VBG
``	``
spyware	NN
''	''
or	CC
``	``
adware	FW
''	''
on	IN
your	PRP$
computer	NN
.	.
Spyware\/adware	NNP
collects	VBZ
information	NN
about	IN
your	PRP$
internet	NN
habits	NNS
and	CC
continuously	RB
sends	VBZ
that	IN
information	NN
to	TO
a	DT
collection	NN
center	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
think	VB
about	IN
a	DT
marketing	NN
company	NN
that	WDT
collects	VBZ
information	NN
about	IN
you	PRP
so	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
then	RB
send	VB
you	PRP
advertising	VBG
related	VBN
to	TO
products	NNS
you	PRP
purchase	VBP
or	CC
stores	NNS
your	PRP$
shop	NN
in	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
read	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
spyware	NN
and	CC
adware	NN
here	RB
and	CC
Pest	NNP
Patrol	NNP
can	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
get	VB
rid	VB
of	IN
it	PRP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
entering	VBG
the	DT
site	NN
through	IN
AOL	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
that	IN
AOL	NNP
is	VBZ
causing	VBG
you	PRP
to	TO
receive	VB
random	JJ
or	CC
``	``
topic	NN
sensitive	JJ
''	''
pop-up	NN
ads	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
stop	VB
this	DT
from	IN
happening	VBG
by	IN
using	VBG
the	DT
latest	JJS
version	NN
of	IN
AOL	NNP
and	CC
clicking	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
button	NN
on	IN
the	DT
top	NN
to	TO
block	VB
pop-up	JJ
ads	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
miss	VB
anything	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
site	NN
as	IN
we	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
utilize	VB
pop-up	JJ
windows	NNS
nor	CC
deliver	VB
pop-up	JJ
ads	NNS
.	.
Refrain	NN
from	IN
using	VBG
free	JJ
desktop	NN
programs	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
Search	NNP
Engine	NNP
,	,
News	NNP
,	,
Weather	NNP
utilities	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
``	``
Browser	NNP
Helpers	NNP
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
boast	VBP
about	IN
making	VBG
browsing	VBG
easier	JJR
or	CC
that	IN
deliver	VBP
live	JJ
constant	JJ
content	NN
.	.
A	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
these	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
programs	NNS
will	MD
constantly	RB
run	VB
in	IN
the	DT
background	NN
on	IN
your	PRP$
computer	NN
and	CC
will	MD
deliver	VB
``	``
topic	NN
sensitive	JJ
''	''
or	CC
random	JJ
pop-up	NN
ads	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
need	VBP
news	NN
,	,
stock	NN
quotes	NNS
,	,
weather	NN
or	CC
a	DT
search	NN
engine	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
best	RB
to	TO
just	RB
go	VB
directly	RB
to	TO
those	DT
sites	NNS
when	WRB
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
.	.
Remember	VB
,	,
we	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
display	VB
or	CC
supply	VB
pop-ads	NNS
through	IN
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Websites	NNP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
getting	VBG
diet	NN
ad	NN
pop-ups	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
any	DT
pop-up	JJ
ads	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
coming	VBG
from	IN
us	PRP
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
advertising	NN
banners	NNS
you	PRP
will	MD
ever	RB
find	VB
on	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
site	NN
are	VBP
those	DT
for	IN
recovery	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
ED	NNP
organizations	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
the	DT
small	JJ
one	CD
displayed	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
top	NN
of	IN
this	DT
page	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
are	VBP
NEVER	NNP
displayed	VBD
in	IN
pop-up	JJ
windows	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
allow	VB
or	CC
believe	VB
in	IN
any	DT
advertising	NN
for	IN
diet	NN
scams	NNS
,	,
diet	NN
pills	NNS
,	,
diet	NN
or	CC
exercise	NN
products	NNS
,	,
or	CC
spam	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
diet	NN
or	CC
exercise	NN
products	NNS
.	.
The	DT
articles	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
list	NN
below	IN
appear	VB
on	IN
other	JJ
websites	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
either	RB
been	VBN
submitted	VBN
,	,
or	CC
we	PRP
found	VBD
the	DT
link	NN
through	IN
our	PRP$
own	JJ
travels	NNS
!	.
If	IN
you	PRP
know	VBP
of	IN
a	DT
link	NN
to	TO
an	DT
article	NN
that	WDT
should	MD
appear	VB
here	RB
,	,
please	VB
send	VB
it	PRP
by	IN
e-mail	NN
.	.
Articles	NNPS
that	WDT
appear	VBP
below	IN
are	VBP
from	IN
a	DT
newsfeed	NN
,	,
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
current	JJ
up	IN
to	TO
the	DT
hour	NN
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
control	VB
the	DT
content	NN
below	IN
,	,
as	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
automatically	RB
fed	VBN
to	TO
our	PRP$
system	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Google	NNP
and	CC
Yahoo	NNP
!	.
news	NN
sources	NNS
.	.
While	IN
we	PRP
do	VBP
our	PRP$
best	JJS
to	TO
filter	NN
results	NNS
so	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
accurate	JJ
,	,
be	VB
aware	JJ
that	IN
some	DT
articles	NNS
may	MD
contain	VB
triggering	VBG
content	NN
.	.
We	PRP
take	VBP
the	DT
money	NN
we	PRP
earn	VBP
and	CC
put	VBP
it	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
bank	NN
for	IN
when	WRB
we	PRP
need	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
We	PRP
take	VBP
the	DT
monitary	JJ
gifts	NNS
we	PRP
get	VBP
from	IN
others	NNS
and	CC
sock	VB
it	PRP
away	RB
in	IN
our	PRP$
piggy	NN
banks	NNS
or	CC
bank	NN
accounts	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
rainy	JJ
day	NN
or	CC
for	IN
times	NNS
of	IN
need	NN
.	.
A	DT
Coping	NNP
Bank	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
same	JJ
--	:
we	PRP
take	VBP
what	WP
we	PRP
learn	VBP
about	IN
coping	VBG
alternatives	NNS
and	CC
put	VB
them	PRP
away	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
backs	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
minds	NNS
,	,
for	IN
when	WRB
we	PRP
needs	VBZ
them	PRP
.	.
But	CC
during	IN
recovery	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
difficult	JJ
,	,
and	CC
during	IN
times	NNS
of	IN
crisis	NN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
often	RB
hard	JJ
to	TO
think	VB
of	IN
what	WP
we	PRP
should	MD
do	VB
.	.
Make	NNP
your	PRP$
own	JJ
Coping	NNP
Bank	NNP
and	CC
you	PRP
can	MD
go	VB
and	CC
make	VB
a	DT
withdrawal	NN
when	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
feeling	VBG
stressed	VBD
,	,
overwhelmed	VBD
,	,
confused	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
in	IN
need	NN
of	IN
healthy	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
handle	VB
it	PRP
.	.
Take	VB
all	PDT
these	DT
little	JJ
sheets	NNS
of	IN
paper	NN
and	CC
deposit	NN
them	PRP
into	IN
your	PRP$
bank	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
always	RB
add	VB
more	RBR
as	IN
time	NN
goes	VBZ
on	IN
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
make	VB
deposits	NNS
whenever	WRB
the	DT
mood	NN
strikes	VBZ
you	PRP
!	.
You	PRP
should	MD
initially	RB
try	VB
to	TO
get	VB
at	IN
least	JJS
ten	CD
to	TO
fifteen	CD
ideas	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
bank	NN
.	.
Next	JJ
time	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
feeling	VBG
sad	JJ
,	,
angry	JJ
,	,
overwhelmed	JJ
,	,
confused	JJ
,	,
or	CC
stressed-out	JJ
,	,
and	CC
need	VB
to	TO
find	VB
healthy	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
cope	VB
,	,
go	VB
to	TO
your	PRP$
Coping	NNP
Bank	NNP
and	CC
make	VB
a	DT
withdrawal	NN
.	.
Pull	VB
out	RP
one	CD
of	IN
those	DT
sheets	NNS
of	IN
paper	NN
and	CC
do	VB
what	WP
it	PRP
says	VBZ
!	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
remember	VB
to	TO
put	VB
it	PRP
back	RB
in	IN
your	PRP$
bank	NN
after	IN
you	PRP
've	VBP
read	VBN
it	PRP
,	,
so	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
there	RB
for	IN
the	DT
future	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
probably	RB
all	DT
remember	VBP
those	DT
fire-safety	JJ
classes	NNS
from	IN
elementary	JJ
school	NN
,	,
where	WRB
we	PRP
were	VBD
taught	VBN
what	WP
to	TO
do	VB
in	IN
case	NN
of	IN
fire	NN
.	.
``	``
Stop	VB
,	,
Drop	NNP
and	CC
Roll	NNP
''	''
always	RB
sticks	VBZ
in	IN
my	PRP$
head	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
what	WP
to	TO
do	VB
if	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
clothes	NNS
are	VBP
on	IN
fire	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Sometimes	RB
in	IN
recovery	NN
we	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
break	VB
things	NNS
down	RP
to	TO
their	PRP$
simplest	JJS
form	NN
.	.
``	``
What	WP
can	MD
I	PRP
actually	RB
DO	VBP
when	WRB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
feeling	VBG
stressed	VBD
out	RP
,	,
or	CC
guilty	JJ
,	,
or	CC
like	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
act	VB
on	IN
my	PRP$
impulses	NNS
to	TO
engage	VB
in	IN
ED	NNP
behaviors	NNS
?	.
''	''
CONSOLE	VB
yourself	PRP
.	.
Take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
YOU	PRP
.	.
Give	VB
yourself	PRP
comfort	NN
.	.
Journal	NNP
if	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
.	.
Call	VB
your	PRP$
therapist	NN
or	CC
someone	NN
you	PRP
trust	NN
and	CC
ask	VB
for	IN
help	NN
.	.
Address	NN
your	PRP$
feelings	NNS
.	.
Communicate	VB
what	WP
you	PRP
're	VBP
feeling	VBG
...	:
really	RB
feeling	NN
.	.
Validate	VB
yourself	PRP
.	.
Help	VB
yourself	PRP
to	TO
cope	VB
in	IN
more	JJR
healthy	JJ
and	CC
productive	JJ
ways	NNS
.	.
Three	CD
steps	NNS
to	TO
take	VB
during	IN
a	DT
rough	JJ
time	NN
.	.
Even	RB
just	RB
the	DT
thinking	NN
of	IN
Stop	NNP
,	,
swap	NN
and	CC
console	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
step	NN
in	IN
the	DT
right	JJ
direction	NN
!	.
Learning	NNP
to	TO
start	VB
to	TO
take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
ourselves	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
process	NN
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
nail	VB
it	PRP
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
out	RP
,	,
but	CC
starting	VBG
out	RP
with	IN
three	CD
simple	JJ
words	NNS
will	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
learn	VBP
to	TO
identify	VB
when	WRB
you	PRP
truly	RB
need	VBP
to	TO
take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
YOU	PRP
...	:
to	TO
learn	VB
to	TO
identify	VB
what	WP
is	VBZ
going	VBG
on	IN
inside	IN
...	:
and	CC
to	TO
take	VB
steps	NNS
towards	IN
better	JJR
self-care	NN
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
Having	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
is	VBZ
much	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
just	RB
being	VBG
on	IN
a	DT
diet	NN
.	.
An	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
illness	NN
that	WDT
permiates	VBZ
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
sufferer	NN
's	POS
life	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
caused	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
emotional	JJ
factors	NNS
and	CC
influences	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
has	VBZ
profound	JJ
effects	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
and	CC
their	PRP$
loved	VBN
ones	NNS
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
about	IN
everything	NN
going	VBG
on	IN
in	IN
life	NN
--	:
stress	NN
,	,
coping	VBG
,	,
pain	NN
,	,
anger	NN
,	,
acceptance	NN
,	,
validation	NN
,	,
confusion	NN
,	,
fear	VBP
--	:
cleverly	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
not	RB
so	RB
cleverly	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
hidden	VBN
behind	IN
phrases	NNS
like	IN
``	``
I	PRP
'm	VBP
just	RB
on	IN
a	DT
diet	NN
''	''
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
'd	MD
like	VB
to	TO
link	VB
to	TO
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
so	IN
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
refer	VB
your	PRP$
website	NN
visitors	NNS
to	TO
information	NN
on	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
and	CC
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
,	,
follow	VBP
the	DT
instructions	NNS
below	IN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
'd	MD
like	VB
to	TO
link	VB
to	TO
us	PRP
using	VBG
a	DT
banner	NN
or	CC
graphic	JJ
,	,
COPY	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
right-click	JJ
,	,
save	VB
image	NN
as	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
images	NNS
,	,
upload	VBP
them	PRP
to	TO
your	PRP$
own	JJ
website	NN
server	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
where	WRB
you	PRP
host	VBP
your	PRP$
site	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
into	IN
your	PRP$
images	NNS
directory	NN
and	CC
use	VB
the	DT
code	NN
below	IN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
estimated	VBN
that	IN
8	CD
million	CD
people	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
are	VBP
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
and	CC
of	IN
that	DT
number	NN
10	CD
%	NN
are	VBP
men	NNS
.	.
Personally	RB
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
guessing	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
percentage	NN
suffering	NN
that	WDT
are	VBP
men	NNS
is	VBZ
far	RB
higher	JJR
,	,
but	CC
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
old	JJ
fashioned	VBN
idea	NN
that	IN
this	DT
illness	NN
strikes	VBZ
only	RB
women	NNS
,	,
few	JJ
men	NNS
come	VBP
forward	RB
to	TO
find	VB
the	DT
help	NN
they	PRP
deserve	VBP
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
in	IN
everyone	NN
,	,
but	CC
there	EX
are	VBP
some	DT
issues	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
specific	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
male	NN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
community	NN
.	.
As	IN
with	IN
all	DT
sufferers	NNS
there	RB
has	VBZ
always	RB
been	VBN
,	,
and	CC
still	RB
is	VBZ
,	,
an	DT
element	NN
of	IN
shame	NN
in	IN
being	VBG
someone	NN
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
``	``
I	PRP
'm	VBP
disgusting	JJ
''	''
,	,
``	``
look	NN
at	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
do	VBP
to	TO
myself	PRP
''	''
,	,
``	``
people	NNS
will	MD
think	VB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
crazy	JJ
''	''
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
but	CC
for	IN
men	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
old	JJ
misconception	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
suffer	VB
from	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
the	DT
shame	NN
they	PRP
face	VBP
is	VBZ
often	RB
worse	JJR
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
Arnold	NNP
Andersen	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
research	NN
he	PRP
did	VBD
for	IN
his	PRP$
book	NN
Males	NNPS
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
While	IN
women	NNS
who	WP
develop	VBP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
feel	VBP
fat	JJ
before	IN
the	DT
onset	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
behaviors	NNS
,	,
typically	RB
they	PRP
are	VBP
near	JJ
average	JJ
weight	NN
.	.
Men	NNS
are	VBP
more	RBR
typically	RB
overweight	JJ
medically	RB
before	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
the	DT
disorder	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
men	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
binge	NN
eaters	NNS
or	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeaters	NNS
may	MD
go	VB
undiagnosed	JJ
more	JJR
than	IN
women	NNS
because	IN
of	IN
society	NN
's	POS
willingness	NN
to	TO
accept	VB
an	DT
overeating	NN
and\/or	CC
overweight	JJ
man	NN
more-so	JJR
than	IN
an	DT
overeating	NN
or	CC
overweight	JJ
woman	NN
.	.
Though	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
more	RBR
common	JJ
for	IN
homosexual	JJ
men	NNS
to	TO
suffer	VB
from	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
such	JJ
as	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
tendency	NN
in	IN
the	DT
male	NN
gay	JJ
community	NN
to	TO
place	VB
a	DT
high	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
importance	NN
on	IN
success	NN
and	CC
appearance	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
still	RB
many	JJ
heterosexual	JJ
men	NNS
out	IN
there	EX
who	WP
suffer	VBP
.	.
This	DT
contributes	VBZ
back	RB
into	IN
the	DT
shameful	JJ
feelings	NNS
a	DT
heterosexual	JJ
male	NN
sufferer	NN
has	VBZ
--	:
he	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
afraid	JJ
that	IN
people	NNS
will	MD
think	VB
he	PRP
is	VBZ
gay	JJ
--	:
or	CC
that	IN
a	DT
homosexual	NN
and	CC
heterosexual	JJ
male	NN
can	MD
feel	VB
--	:
that	IN
the	DT
illness	NN
is	VBZ
considered	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
``	``
female	NN
's	POS
problem	NN
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
often	RB
received	VBN
e-mail	NN
from	IN
men	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
suffering	VBG
in	IN
silence	NN
because	IN
of	IN
these	DT
two	CD
issues	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
there	EX
may	MD
often	RB
be	VB
shrouds	NNS
of	IN
secrecy	NN
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
therapy	NN
groups	NNS
and	CC
treatment	NN
centers	NNS
offering	VBG
groups	NNS
specifically	RB
designed	VBN
for	IN
men	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
feel	VB
very	RB
alone	RB
at	IN
the	DT
thought	NN
of	IN
having	VBG
to	TO
sit	VB
in	IN
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
women	NNS
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
program	NN
designed	VBN
for	IN
women	NNS
,	,
and	CC
even	RB
at	IN
the	DT
prospect	NN
that	IN
a	DT
treatment	NN
facility	NN
will	MD
turn	VB
them	PRP
down	RP
because	IN
of	IN
their	PRP$
sex	NN
.	.
Men	NN
who	WP
participate	VBP
in	IN
low-weight	JJ
oriented	JJ
sports	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
jockies	NNS
,	,
wrestlers	NNS
and	CC
runners	NNS
are	VBP
at	IN
an	DT
increased	VBN
risk	NN
of	IN
developing	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
Anorexia	NNP
or	CC
Bulimia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
pressure	NN
to	TO
succeed	VB
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
the	DT
best	JJS
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
competitive	JJ
and	CC
to	TO
win	VB
at	IN
all	DT
costs	NNS
,	,
combined	VBN
with	IN
any	DT
non-athletic	JJ
pressures	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
family	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
abuse	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
can	MD
help	VB
to	TO
contribute	VB
the	DT
onset	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
no	RB
uncommon	JJ
for	IN
men	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
to	TO
also	RB
suffer	VB
with	IN
alcoholism	NN
and\/or	CC
drug	NN
abuse	NN
simultaneously	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
though	IN
many	JJ
women	NNS
also	RB
suffer	VBP
both	DT
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
substance	NN
abuse	NN
problems	NNS
combined	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
This	DT
may	MD
be	VB
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
addictive	JJ
nature	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
psychological	JJ
health	NN
combined	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
strong	JJ
images	NNS
put	VBD
out	RP
by	IN
society	NN
of	IN
men	NNS
's	POS
overindulgence	NN
in	IN
alcohol	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
men	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
seem	VBP
to	TO
have	VB
more	JJR
sexual	JJ
anxiety	NN
.	.
There	EX
may	MD
also	RB
be	VB
a	DT
link	NN
between	IN
ADHD	NNP
,	,
Attention	NN
Deficit	NN
and	CC
Hyperactivity	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
with	IN
male	JJ
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
self-injury	NN
.	.
More	RBR
research	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
done	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
area	NN
.	.
For	IN
all	PDT
those	DT
who	WP
suffer	VBP
,	,
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
possible	JJ
co-existing	JJ
psychological	JJ
illnesses	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
present	JJ
,	,
including	VBG
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
post-traumatic	JJ
stress	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
self-injury	NN
behavior	NN
and	CC
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
obsessive	JJ
compulsive	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
and	CC
borderline	JJ
personality	NN
disorder	NN
and	CC
multiple	JJ
personality	NN
syndrome	NN
.	.
The	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
thing	NN
,	,
overall	RB
,	,
to	TO
remember	VB
is	VBZ
that	IN
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
underlying	VBG
psychological	JJ
factors	NNS
that	WDT
lead	VBP
to	TO
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
are	VBP
the	DT
same	JJ
for	IN
both	DT
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
.	.
Low	NNP
self-esteem	NN
,	,
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
be	VB
accepted	VBN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
existing	VBG
psychological	JJ
illness	NN
,	,
and	CC
an	DT
inability	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
emotions	NNS
and	CC
personal	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
All	DT
of	IN
the	DT
physical	JJ
dangers	NNS
and	CC
complications	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
being	VBG
the	DT
sufferer	NN
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
are	VBP
the	DT
same	JJ
.	.
A	DT
great	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
the	DT
causes	NNS
are	VBP
the	DT
same	JJ
or	CC
very	RB
similar	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
family	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
alcoholic\/addictive	JJ
parent	NN
,	,
abuse	NN
,	,
societal	JJ
pressure	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
all	DT
,	,
all	DT
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
deserve	VBP
to	TO
find	VB
recovery	NN
and	CC
the	DT
happiness	NN
and	CC
self-love	NN
on	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
side	NN
.	.
CD	NNP
.	.
Listen	VB
to	TO
clips	NNS
and	CC
read	VB
lyrics	NNS
...	:
and	CC
then	RB
go	VB
ahead	RB
and	CC
buy	VB
one	CD
.	.
It	PRP
contains	VBZ
the	DT
single	JJ
`	``
After	IN
the	DT
Fall	NN
'	''
inspired	VBN
by	IN
our	PRP$
experiences	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	JJ
chatroom	NN
and	CC
bulletin	NN
board	NN
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
own	JJ
battle	NN
for	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
future	NN
we	PRP
will	MD
also	RB
be	VB
offering	VBG
other	JJ
inspirational	JJ
or	CC
motivational	JJ
``	``
fishy	JJ
''	''
products	NNS
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
purchase	VB
.	.
We	PRP
hope	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
make	VB
workbooks	NNS
and	CC
coloring	VBG
books	NNS
aimed	VBN
at	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Last	JJ
but	CC
not	RB
least	JJS
,	,
we	PRP
are	VBP
also	RB
working	VBG
with	IN
other	JJ
bands	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
them	PRP
release	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
original	JJ
music	NN
and	CC
to	TO
donate	VB
money	NN
to	TO
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
causes	NNS
we	PRP
stand	VBP
for	IN
.	.
For	IN
those	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
who	WP
have	VBP
just	RB
ventured	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
site	NN
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
,	,
or	CC
who	WP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
the	DT
story	NN
behind	IN
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
,	,
we	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
very	RB
small	JJ
,	,
grass-roots	JJ
organization	NN
...	:
A	DT
wife-and-husband	JJ
creative	JJ
team	NN
working	VBG
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
world	NN
a	DT
little	JJ
nicer	JJR
and	CC
a	DT
little	RB
more	RBR
educated	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
issues	NNS
we	PRP
stand	VBP
for	IN
.	.
The	DT
largest	JJS
endeavor	NN
in	IN
our	PRP$
web	NN
adventure	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
providing	VBG
this	DT
site	NN
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
so	IN
that	IN
each	DT
person	NN
suffering	NN
will	MD
feel	VB
less	JJR
alone	RB
,	,
have	VBP
a	DT
place	NN
to	TO
start	VB
their	PRP$
recovery	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
safe	JJ
environment	NN
to	TO
come	VB
to	TO
for	IN
support	NN
.	.
We	PRP
never	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
those	DT
who	WP
come	VBP
here	RB
for	IN
support	NN
and	CC
information	NN
have	VBP
to	TO
pay	VB
for	IN
the	DT
services	NNS
provided	VBN
on	IN
this	DT
website	NN
...	:
but	CC
obviously	RB
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
time	NN
and	CC
money	NN
to	TO
maintain	VB
,	,
so	RB
this	DT
is	VBZ
why	WRB
we	PRP
kindly	RB
ask	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
purchase	VB
fishy	JJ
stuff	NN
...	:
you	PRP
'll	MD
be	VB
supporting	VBG
everthing	NN
you	PRP
see	VBP
here	RB
on	IN
the	DT
site	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
also	RB
now	RB
humbly	RB
accepting	VBG
financial	JJ
gifts	NNS
from	IN
those	DT
who	WP
feel	VBP
comfortable	JJ
giving	VBG
them	PRP
,	,
who	WP
'd	VBD
like	IN
to	TO
support	VB
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
in	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
goals	NNS
to	TO
continue	VB
to	TO
raise	VB
awareness	NN
,	,
and	CC
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
give	VB
a	DT
little	JJ
something	NN
back	RB
to	TO
our	PRP$
cause	NN
.	.
Read	VB
our	PRP$
press	NN
releases	NNS
or	CC
about	IN
who	WP
we	PRP
are	VBP
if	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
more	JJR
questions	NNS
about	IN
sending	VBG
financial	JJ
gifts	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
musicians	NNS
and	CC
artists	NNS
,	,
so	RB
in	IN
combining	VBG
these	DT
mediums	NNS
our	PRP$
ambition	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
continue	VB
to	TO
bring	VB
you	PRP
this	DT
free	JJ
website	NN
for	IN
as	RB
long	JJ
as	IN
we	PRP
can	MD
.	.
With	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
sales	NNS
we	PRP
also	RB
donate	VBP
partial	JJ
proceeds	NNS
to	TO
other	JJ
non-profit	JJ
organizations	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
possible	JJ
,	,
we	PRP
always	RB
try	VBP
to	TO
donate	VB
to	TO
something	NN
we	PRP
believe	VBP
in	IN
.	.
Having	VBG
an	DT
``	``
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
not	RB
Otherwise	RB
Specified	VBN
''	''
can	MD
mean	VB
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
things	NNS
...	:
It	PRP
can	MD
mean	VB
the	DT
individual	JJ
suffers	VBZ
from	IN
Anorexia	NNP
but	CC
still	RB
gets	VBZ
their	PRP$
period	NN
;	:
It	PRP
can	MD
mean	VB
they	PRP
may	MD
still	RB
be	VB
an	DT
``	``
average	JJ
healthy	JJ
weight	NN
''	''
but	CC
be	VB
suffering	VBG
Anorexia	NNP
;	:
It	PRP
can	MD
mean	VB
the	DT
sufferer	NN
equally	RB
participates	VBZ
in	IN
some	DT
Anorexic	JJ
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
Bulimic	JJ
behaviors	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
sometimes	RB
referred	VBN
to	TO
as	IN
being	VBG
Bulimirexic	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Just	RB
as	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
remember	VB
that	DT
doctors	NNS
can	MD
make	VB
mistakes	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
important	JJ
to	TO
keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
only	RB
been	VBN
until	IN
very	RB
recently	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
10	CD
years	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
awareness	NN
on	IN
the	DT
subject	JJ
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
has	VBZ
really	RB
begun	VBN
to	TO
surface	VB
.	.
People	NNS
are	VBP
frequently	RB
confused	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
doctors	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
about	IN
the	DT
real	JJ
differences	NNS
between	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Anorexia	NNP
essentially	RB
being	VBG
self-starvation	NN
,	,
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
being	VBG
defined	VBN
as	IN
going	VBG
through	IN
binge	NN
and	CC
purge	NN
cycles	NNS
-	:
simply	RB
put	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
often	RB
times	NNS
know	VBP
nothing	NN
at	IN
all	DT
about	IN
Binge-Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
a	DT
doctor	NN
relies	VBZ
completely	RB
on	IN
his	PRP$
diagnostic	JJ
manuals	NNS
and	CC
reads	VBZ
the	DT
criteria	NNS
to	TO
diagnose	VB
an	DT
individual	JJ
as	IN
having	VBG
Anorexia	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
his	PRP$
patient	NN
has	VBZ
regularly	RB
practiced	VBN
self-starvation	NN
techniques	NNS
,	,
thinks	VBZ
of	IN
herself	PRP
unrealistically	RB
as	IN
overweight	JJ
,	,
and	CC
seems	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
hard	JJ
on	IN
herself	PRP
...	:
BUT	NNP
she	PRP
still	RB
has	VBZ
her	PRP
monthly	JJ
period	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
diagnostic	JJ
criteria	NNS
states	NNS
that	IN
there	EX
must	MD
be	VB
loss	NN
of	IN
monthly	JJ
menstrual	JJ
cycles	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
He	PRP
may	MD
technically	RB
diagnose	VB
the	DT
patient	NN
as	IN
having	VBG
``	``
An	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
not	RB
Otherwise	RB
Specified	VBN
''	''
.	.
Bulimia	NN
.	.
Clinically	RB
speaking	NN
,	,
according	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
``	``
text	NN
book	NN
''	''
they	PRP
would	MD
suffer	VB
from	IN
``	``
An	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
not	RB
Otherwise	RB
Specified	VBN
''	''
.	.
In	IN
either	DT
case	NN
,	,
both	DT
people	NNS
are	VBP
suffering	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
both	DT
are	VBP
in	IN
danger	NN
of	IN
potentially	RB
deadly	JJ
physical	JJ
complications	NNS
,	,
and	CC
both	DT
need	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
choice	NN
for	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Binge-Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
any	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
them	PRP
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
any	DT
that	WDT
fall	VBP
into	IN
the	DT
clinical	JJ
category	NN
of	IN
EDNOS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
are	VBP
ALL	NNP
psychological	JJ
illnesses	NNS
,	,
none	NN
less	RBR
or	CC
more	RBR
serious	JJ
than	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
all	DT
have	VBP
their	PRP$
physical	JJ
dangers	NNS
and	CC
complications	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
all	DT
present	VBP
themselves	PRP
through	IN
an	DT
array	NN
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
patterns	NNS
in	IN
one	CD
way	NN
or	CC
another	DT
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
all	DT
stem	VBP
from	IN
emotional	JJ
turmoil	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
,	,
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
forget	VB
feelings	NNS
and\/or	CC
stress	NN
,	,
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
block	VB
pain	NN
,	,
anger	NN
and\/or	CC
people	NNS
out	RB
,	,
and	CC
most	JJS
of	IN
all	DT
,	,
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
.	.
The	DT
bottom	JJ
line	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
we	PRP
are	VBP
ALL	NNP
suffering	NN
.	.
Pica	NNP
,	,
a	DT
widely	RB
misunderstood	VBN
phenomenon	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
defined	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
compulsive	JJ
craving	NN
for	IN
eating	NN
,	,
chewing	VBG
or	CC
licking	VBG
non-food	JJ
items	NNS
or	CC
foods	NNS
containing	VBG
no	DT
nutrition	NN
.	.
These	DT
can	MD
include	VB
such	JJ
things	NNS
as	IN
chalk	NN
,	,
plaster	NN
,	,
paint	NN
chips	NNS
,	,
baking	VBG
soda	NN
,	,
starch	NN
,	,
glue	NN
,	,
rust	NN
,	,
ice	NN
,	,
coffee	NN
grounds	NNS
,	,
and	CC
cigarette	NN
ashes	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
may	MD
sometimes	RB
be	VB
linked	VBN
to	TO
certain	JJ
mineral	NN
deficiencies	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
i.e.	FW
,	,
iron	NN
or	CC
zinc	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Pica	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
associated	VBN
with	IN
,	,
developmental	JJ
delays	NNS
,	,
mental	JJ
deficiencies	NNS
and\/or	CC
a	DT
family	NN
history	NN
of	IN
the	DT
disorder	NN
.	.
There	EX
may	MD
be	VB
psychological	JJ
disturbances	NNS
that	WDT
lead	VBP
to	TO
Pica	NNP
as	RB
well	RB
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
conditions	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
a	DT
child	NN
lives	VBZ
in	IN
a	DT
low-income	JJ
or	CC
poor	JJ
family	NN
,	,
or	CC
who	WP
lives	VBZ
in	IN
an	DT
environment	NN
of	IN
little	JJ
love	NN
and	CC
support	NN
.	.
Physical	JJ
problems	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
Prader-Willi	NNP
Syndrome	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
delayed	VBN
motor	NN
development	NN
,	,
abnormal	JJ
growth	NN
,	,
speech	NN
impairments	NNS
,	,
stunted	VBN
sexual	JJ
development	NN
,	,
poor	JJ
muscle	NN
tone	NN
,	,
dental	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
obesity	NN
and	CC
diabetes	NN
type	NN
II	NNP
.	.
The	DT
life	NN
expectancy	NN
of	IN
a	DT
person	NN
with	IN
Prader-Willi	NNP
Syndrome	NNP
may	MD
be	VB
normal	JJ
if	IN
weight	NN
is	VBZ
controlled	VBN
.	.
``	``
Night	NNP
Eating	NNP
Syndrome	NNP
consists	VBZ
of	IN
morning	NN
anorexia	NN
,	,
evening	NN
hyperphagia	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
abnormally	RB
increased	VBN
appetite	NN
for	IN
consumption	NN
of	IN
food	NN
frequently	RB
associated	VBN
with	IN
injury	NN
to	TO
the	DT
hypothalamus	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
insomnia	NN
.	.
Attempts	NNS
at	IN
weight	NN
reduction	NN
in	IN
these	DT
2	CD
conditions	NNS
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
referring	VBG
to	TO
bulimia	VB
as	RB
well	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
are	VBP
usually	RB
unsuccessful	JJ
and	CC
may	MD
cause	VB
the	DT
patient	NN
unnecessary	JJ
distress	NN
.	.
''	''
Episodes	NNS
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Insomnia	NNP
can	MD
begin	VB
at	IN
an	DT
early	JJ
age	NN
,	,
usually	RB
in	IN
children	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
overweight	JJ
,	,
and	CC
are	VBP
sometimes	RB
accompanied	VBN
by	IN
joint	JJ
paint	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
interesting	JJ
to	TO
note	VB
what	WP
the	DT
parent	NN
of	IN
a	DT
now	RB
24	CD
year	NN
old	JJ
daughter	NN
had	VBD
to	TO
say	VB
...	:
``	``
I	PRP
've	VBP
always	RB
had	VBN
the	DT
feeling	NN
that	WDT
much	RB
of	IN
the	DT
stress	NN
and	CC
emotional	JJ
disturbances	NNS
my	PRP$
daughter	NN
has	VBZ
suffered	VBN
have	VBP
been	VBN
the	DT
result	NN
of	IN
social	JJ
rejection	NN
and	CC
discrimination	NN
rather	RB
than	IN
the	DT
cause	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
...	:
more	RBR
so	RB
as	IN
she	PRP
got	VBD
older	JJR
.	.
She	PRP
started	VBD
out	RP
as	IN
an	DT
intelligent	JJ
,	,
outgoing	JJ
,	,
cheerful	JJ
human	JJ
being	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
line	NN
in	IN
our	PRP$
culture	NN
where	WRB
a	DT
marginally	RB
acceptable	JJ
``	``
chubby	JJ
''	''
child	NN
becomes	VBZ
a	DT
miserable	JJ
adolescent	JJ
and	CC
then	RB
a	DT
depressed	JJ
adult	NN
.	.
''	''
People	NNS
with	IN
Night-eating	JJ
syndrome	NN
are	VBP
characterized	VBN
as	IN
people	NNS
that	WDT
put	VBD
off	RP
eating	VBG
until	IN
late	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
day	NN
,	,
who	WP
binge	NN
on	IN
food	NN
in	IN
the	DT
evenings	NNS
and	CC
who	WP
experience	VBP
problems	NNS
with	IN
falling	VBG
asleep	JJ
and\/or	CC
staying	VBG
asleep	RB
.	.
``	``
People	NNS
who	WP
exhibit	VBP
NES	NNP
do	VBP
n't	RB
eat	VB
a	DT
lot	NN
at	IN
one	CD
sitting	VBG
,	,
often	RB
skip	VBP
breakfast	NN
,	,
and	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
start	VB
eating	VBG
until	IN
noon	NN
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
psychiatrist	NN
Albert	NNP
Stunkard	NNP
,	,
an	DT
obesity	NN
researcher	NN
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Pennsylvania	NNP
.	.
``	``
They	PRP
will	MD
over	RB
eat	VB
the	DT
rest	NN
of	IN
the	DT
day	NN
,	,
and	CC
eat	VB
frequently	RB
.	.
They	PRP
also	RB
have	VBP
difficulty	NN
falling	VBG
asleep	RB
or	CC
staying	VBG
asleep	RB
.	.
''	''
Sleep	VB
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
typically	RB
fall	VBP
into	IN
the	DT
category	NN
of	IN
Sleep	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
though	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
combined	VBN
sleep-eating	NN
problem	NN
.	.
Sufferers	NNS
tend	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
overweight	JJ
and	CC
have	VBP
episodes	NNS
of	IN
recurrent	JJ
sleep	NN
walking	NN
,	,
during	IN
which	WDT
time	NN
they	PRP
binge	NN
on	IN
usually	RB
large	JJ
quantities	NNS
of	IN
food	NN
,	,
often	RB
high	JJ
in	IN
sugar	NN
or	CC
fat	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
often	RB
,	,
sufferers	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
remember	VB
these	DT
episodes	NNS
,	,
putting	VBG
them	PRP
at	IN
great	JJ
risk	NN
of	IN
unintentional	JJ
self-injury	NN
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
compulsive	JJ
nature	NN
of	IN
this	DT
illness	NN
,	,
sufferers	NNS
are	VBP
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
physical	JJ
health	NN
risks	NNS
as	IN
those	DT
of	IN
Compulsive	NNP
Overeaters	NNPS
with	IN
the	DT
added	VBN
risks	NNS
of	IN
sleep	NN
walking	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
uncommon	JJ
to	TO
find	VB
a	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
anxious	JJ
,	,
tired	JJ
,	,
stressed	VBD
and	CC
angry	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
aware	JJ
that	IN
throughout	IN
life	NN
,	,
during	IN
positive	JJ
and	CC
negative	JJ
stress	NN
periods	NNS
,	,
people	NNS
may	MD
experience	VB
eating	VBG
and\/or	CC
sleep	VB
pattern	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
If	IN
either	DT
or	CC
both	DT
of	IN
these	DT
conditions	NNS
persist	VBP
or	CC
interfere	VBP
with	IN
daily	JJ
life	NN
,	,
then	RB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
identify	VB
the	DT
underlying	VBG
cause	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
problem	NN
.	.
Problems	NNS
with	IN
Eating	NNP
and	CC
Sleeping	VBG
are	VBP
defined	VBN
as	IN
usually	RB
over\/under	NN
eating	NN
or	CC
too	RB
much	JJ
or	CC
too	RB
little	JJ
sleep	NN
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
decade	NN
,	,
we	PRP
have	VBP
become	VBN
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
detrimental	JJ
effects	NNS
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
and	CC
while	IN
these	DT
problems	NNS
may	MD
warrant	VB
medical	JJ
attention	NN
,	,
the	DT
underlying	VBG
causes	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
identified	VBN
and	CC
appropriate	JJ
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
developed	VBN
.	.
BDD	NNP
,	,
or	CC
Body	NNP
Dysmorphic	NNP
Disorder	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
preoccupation	NN
or	CC
obsession	NN
with	IN
a	DT
defect	NN
in	IN
visual	JJ
appearance	NN
,	,
whether	IN
that	DT
be	VB
an	DT
actual	JJ
slight	JJ
imperfection	NN
or	CC
an	DT
imagined	VBD
one	CD
.	.
Some	DT
example	NN
of	IN
this	DT
would	MD
be	VB
obsessing	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
point	NN
of	IN
severe	JJ
depression	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
sometimes	RB
including	VBG
thoughts	NNS
about	IN
or	CC
attempts	NNS
at	IN
suicide	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
over	IN
physical	JJ
attributes	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
freckles	NNS
;	:
a	DT
large	JJ
nose	NN
,	,
blotchy	JJ
skin	NN
,	,
wrinkles	NNS
,	,
acne	NN
,	,
scarring	VBG
.	.
Though	IN
the	DT
preoccupation	NN
can	MD
include	VB
any	DT
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
body	NN
,	,
areas	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
face	NN
and	CC
head	NN
,	,
specifically	RB
the	DT
skin	NN
,	,
hair	NN
and	CC
nose	NN
,	,
are	VBP
most	RBS
common	JJ
.	.
People	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
BDD	NNP
may	MD
often	RB
have	VB
a	DT
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
unreasonable	JJ
fears	NNS
of	IN
rejection	NN
from	IN
others	NNS
due	JJ
to	TO
their	PRP$
perceived	VBN
ugliness	NN
.	.
Some	DT
sufferers	NNS
realize	VBP
that	IN
their	PRP$
perception	NN
of	IN
the	DT
``	``
defect	NN
''	''
is	VBZ
distorted	VBN
,	,
but	CC
find	VB
the	DT
impulse	NN
to	TO
think	VB
about	IN
it	PRP
uncontrollable	JJ
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
two	CD
types	NNS
of	IN
Body	NNP
Dysmorphic	NNP
Disorder	NNP
--	:
the	DT
non-delusional	JJ
type	NN
--	:
and	CC
the	DT
delusional	JJ
type	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
where	WRB
the	DT
person	NN
actually	RB
has	VBZ
hallucinations	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
completely	RB
imagined	VBN
defect	NN
,	,
or	CC
an	DT
imagined	VBN
gross	JJ
exhageration	NN
of	IN
a	DT
small	JJ
defect	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
delusional	JJ
form	NN
is	VBZ
less	RBR
common	JJ
and	CC
more	RBR
severe	JJ
.	.
Men	NN
and	CC
women	NNS
living	VBG
with	IN
BDD	NNP
may	MD
practice	VB
unusually	RB
compulsive	JJ
rituals	NNS
to	TO
look	VB
at	IN
,	,
hide	VB
,	,
cover	VB
and\/or	CC
improve	VB
their	PRP$
defect	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
spend	VB
a	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
of	IN
time	NN
looking	VBG
at	IN
themselves	PRP
in	IN
anything	NN
mirror-like	JJ
and	CC
trying	VBG
to	TO
convince	VB
others	NNS
of	IN
how	WRB
ugly	JJ
they	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
compulsive	JJ
in	IN
searching	VBG
our	PRP$
doctors	NNS
to	TO
treat	VB
them	PRP
with	IN
medications	NNS
and\/or	CC
plastic	NN
surgery	NN
.	.
Patients	NNS
may	MD
go	VB
to	TO
any	DT
lengths	NNS
to	TO
improve	VB
their	PRP$
appearance	NN
,	,
including	VBG
using	VBG
methods	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
dangerous	JJ
.	.
Some	DT
may	MD
even	RB
attempt	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
surgery	NN
,	,
or	CC
commit	VB
suicide	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
is	VBZ
often	RB
difficult	JJ
,	,
but	CC
there	EX
has	VBZ
been	VBN
shown	VBN
progress	NN
with	IN
medications	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
Prozac	NNP
,	,
and	CC
cognitive-behavior	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
Diagnosis	NN
can	MD
often	RB
be	VB
difficult	JJ
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
patients	NNS
shame	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
causing	VBG
them	PRP
to	TO
keep	VB
their	PRP$
symptoms	NNS
a	DT
secret	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
It	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
noted	VBN
that	IN
Orthorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
condition	NN
that	IN
a	DT
physician	NN
will	MD
diagnose	VB
,	,
as	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
clinical	JJ
guideline	NN
for	IN
this	DT
disorder	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
condition	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
observed	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
extreme	JJ
pattern	NN
of	IN
dietary	JJ
purity	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
not	RB
yet	RB
been	VBN
defined	VBN
under	IN
the	DT
clinical	JJ
diagnostic	JJ
manual	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
DSM-IV	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Orthorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
obsession	NN
with	IN
a	DT
``	``
pure	JJ
''	''
diet	NN
,	,
where	WRB
it	PRP
interferes	VBZ
with	IN
a	DT
person	NN
's	POS
life	NN
.	.
It	PRP
becomes	VBZ
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
life	NN
filled	VBN
with	IN
chronic	JJ
concern	NN
for	IN
the	DT
quality	NN
of	IN
food	NN
being	VBG
consumed	VBN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Orthorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
slips	VBZ
up	RP
from	IN
wavering	VBG
from	IN
their	PRP$
``	``
perfect	JJ
''	''
diet	NN
,	,
they	PRP
may	MD
resort	VB
to	TO
extreme	JJ
acts	NNS
of	IN
further	JJ
self-disipline	JJ
including	VBG
even	RB
strictor	JJ
regimens	NNS
and	CC
fasting	NN
.	.
As	IN
noted	VBN
by	IN
BeyondVeg.com	NNP
,	,
Orthorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
should	MD
only	RB
be	VB
characterised	VBN
when	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
long-term	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
paying	VBG
attention	NN
to	TO
healthy	JJ
food	NN
for	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
weeks	NNS
where	WRB
it	PRP
becomes	VBZ
a	DT
normal	JJ
and	CC
healthy	JJ
routine	JJ
not	RB
obsessed	VBN
over	IN
,	,
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
considered	VBN
a	DT
disorder	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
when	WRB
it	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
significant	JJ
negative	JJ
impact	NN
on	IN
an	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
life	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
thinking	VBG
about	IN
food	NN
to	TO
avoid	VB
the	DT
stresses	VBZ
of	IN
life	NN
,	,
thinking	VBG
about	IN
how	WRB
food	NN
is	VBZ
prepared	VBN
to	TO
avoid	VB
negative	JJ
emotions	NNS
,	,
thinking	VBG
about	IN
food	NN
the	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
each	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
day	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
where	WRB
food	NN
rituals	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
better	RB
explained	VBN
by	IN
something	NN
like	IN
religious	JJ
rites	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
in	IN
the	DT
Orthodox	NNP
Jewish	NNP
religion	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
It	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
noted	VBN
that	IN
Bigorexia	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
condition	NN
that	IN
a	DT
physician	NN
will	MD
diagnose	VB
,	,
as	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
currently	RB
no	DT
clinical	JJ
guideline	NN
for	IN
this	DT
disorder	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
condition	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
recently	RB
been	VBN
observed	VBN
by	IN
several	JJ
psychiatrists	NNS
as	IN
the	DT
``	``
opposite	NN
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
''	''
.	.
Found	JJ
typically	RB
in	IN
body-building	JJ
circles	NNS
and	CC
known	VBN
as	IN
muscle	NN
dysmorphia	NN
or	CC
reverse	VB
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bigorexia	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
condition	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
sufferer	NN
is	VBZ
constantly	RB
worried	VBN
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
too	RB
small	JJ
.	.
This	DT
goes	VBZ
beyond	IN
the	DT
typical	JJ
body-building	JJ
gym-goer	NN
,	,
and	CC
transcends	VBZ
into	IN
dangerous	JJ
realms	NNS
when	WRB
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
are	VBP
willing	JJ
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
all	DT
lengths	NNS
to	TO
increase	VB
muscle	NN
mass.	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Harrison	NNP
Pope	NNP
,	,
of	IN
the	DT
McLean	NNP
Hospital	NNP
,	,
says	VBZ
,	,
``	``
there	EX
's	VBZ
nothing	NN
inherently	RB
pathological	JJ
about	IN
being	VBG
an	DT
avid	JJ
gym-goer	NN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
should	MD
n't	RB
take	VB
over	RP
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
''	''
In	IN
likening	VBG
Bigorexia	NNP
to	TO
Anorexia	NNP
he	PRP
comments	VBZ
,	,
``	``
They	PRP
are	VBP
both	DT
disorders	NNS
of	IN
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
the	DT
preoccupations	NNS
simply	RB
go	VB
in	IN
opposite	JJ
directions	NNS
.	.
''	''
This	DT
preoccupation	NN
causes	VBZ
major	JJ
distress	NN
or	CC
impairs	VBZ
the	DT
person	NN
's	POS
social	JJ
or	CC
professional	JJ
life	NN
.	.
The	DT
person	NN
may	MD
forego	VB
important	JJ
social	JJ
,	,
work-related	JJ
or	CC
recreational	JJ
activities	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
avoid	VB
situations	NNS
where	WRB
their	PRP$
body	NN
will	MD
be	VB
exposed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
person	NN
continues	VBZ
to	TO
work	VB
out	RP
or	CC
diet	NN
even	RB
when	WRB
they	PRP
know	VBP
it	PRP
could	MD
hurt	VB
their	PRP$
health	NN
or	CC
well-being	NN
.	.
I	PRP
often	RB
here	RB
the	DT
questions	NNS
in	IN
e-mail	NN
or	CC
on	IN
chat	VBP
,	,
``	``
how	WRB
can	MD
there	RB
be	VB
such	JJ
a	DT
thing	NN
as	IN
too	RB
much	JJ
exercise	NN
?	.
''	''
or	CC
``	``
how	WRB
can	MD
exercise	VB
hurt	VB
me	PRP
?	.
''	''
With	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
too	RB
much	JJ
exercise	NN
,	,
or	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Exercising	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
just	RB
another	DT
outlet	NN
of	IN
behavior	NN
;	:
Compulsive	NNP
Exercise	NNP
is	VBZ
another	DT
way	NN
to	TO
``	``
purge	VB
''	''
and	CC
disordered	JJ
eaters	NNS
who	WP
suffer	VBP
with	IN
these	DT
symptoms	NNS
are	VBP
typically	RB
considered	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
suffering	VBG
from	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
or	CC
Bulimia	NNP
non-purging	JJ
type	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
no	DT
use	NN
of	IN
laxatives	NNS
,	,
diuretics	NNS
or	CC
self-induced	JJ
vomitting	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
But	CC
,	,
there	EX
can	MD
be	VB
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
both	DT
who	WP
use	VBP
any	DT
or	CC
all	DT
means	NNS
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
behaviors	NNS
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
their	PRP$
emotions	NNS
and	CC
anxiety	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
participating	VBG
in	IN
restriction	NN
-	:
with	IN
or	CC
without	IN
purging	VBG
,	,
or	CC
binging	NN
with	IN
purging	VBG
,	,
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
exercise	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Those	DT
with	IN
Compulsive	JJ
Exercise	NN
behaviors	NNS
will	MD
feel	VB
tremendously	RB
guilty	JJ
when	WRB
they	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
exercise	VB
and	CC
almost	RB
never	RB
do	VB
it	PRP
for	IN
fun	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
often	RB
no	DT
satisfaction	NN
for	IN
any	DT
athletic	JJ
achievements	NNS
and	CC
no	DT
self-satisfaction	NN
for	IN
victory	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
immediately	RB
looking	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
activity	NN
to	TO
conquer	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Like	IN
with	IN
all	DT
other	JJ
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
behaviors	NNS
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
surface	NN
the	DT
goal	NN
may	MD
seem	VB
to	TO
burn	VB
calories	NNS
and	CC
lose	VB
weight	NN
,	,
but	CC
ultimately	RB
the	DT
exercise	NN
gives	VBZ
each	DT
sufferer	NN
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
temporary	JJ
power	NN
,	,
control	NN
and\/or	CC
self-respect	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
another	DT
way	NN
to	TO
forget	VB
about	IN
their	PRP$
unlying	JJ
issues	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
relieve	VB
guilt	NN
and	CC
pressure	NN
of	IN
the	DT
stresses	VBZ
that	IN
build	VBP
.	.
Some	DT
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
exercise	VB
with	IN
a	DT
feeling	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
chore	NN
or	CC
a	DT
punishment	NN
,	,
others	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
addicted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
power	NN
and	CC
self-respect	NN
they	PRP
feel	VBP
from	IN
the	DT
activity	NN
.	.
The	DT
fact	NN
remains	VBZ
that	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
addictive	JJ
behavior	NN
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
putting	VBG
the	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
physical	JJ
safety	NN
,	,
emotional	JJ
health	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
life	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
job	NN
,	,
school	NN
,	,
family	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
jeopardy	NN
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
compulsive	JJ
nature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
exercise	NN
.	.
Some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
physical	JJ
dangers	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
become	VB
an	DT
issue	NN
for	IN
someone	NN
exercising	VBG
too	RB
much	RB
can	MD
be	VB
:	:
dehydration	NN
,	,
stress	NN
fracture	NN
and	CC
osteoporosis	NN
,	,
degenerative	JJ
arthritis	NN
,	,
amenorrea	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
loss	NN
of	IN
menstrual	JJ
cycle	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
reproductive	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
and	CC
heart	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
Often	RB
times	NNS
the	DT
participation	NN
in	IN
athletics	NNS
or	CC
dancing	NN
can	MD
play	VB
a	DT
role	NN
...	:
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
emphasis	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
society	NN
,	,
coaches	NNS
and\/or	CC
parents	NNS
may	MD
place	VB
on	IN
the	DT
importance	NN
to	TO
remain	VB
thin	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
successful	JJ
in	IN
these	DT
activies	NNS
.	.
Due	JJ
to	TO
pressures	NNS
in	IN
competition	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
pressure	NN
they	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
receiving	VBG
to	TO
succeed	VB
and	CC
win	VB
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
additional	JJ
stress	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
combined	VBN
with	IN
any	DT
family	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
pressure	NN
from	IN
peers	NNS
,	,
history	NN
of	IN
abuse	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
they	PRP
find	VBP
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
,	,
the	DT
risk	NN
for	IN
developing	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
may	MD
be	VB
increased	VBN
.	.
Sufferers	NNS
may	MD
receive	VB
a	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
of	IN
praise	NN
from	IN
their	PRP$
coaches	NNS
and	CC
parents	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
ability	NN
to	TO
stay	VB
``	``
fit	JJ
and	CC
trim	JJ
''	''
and	CC
this	DT
continues	VBZ
to	TO
fuel	VB
the	DT
distructive	JJ
behavior	NN
.	.
Some	DT
will	MD
even	RB
use	VB
their	PRP$
status	NN
as	IN
an	DT
athlete	NN
or	CC
dancer	NN
as	IN
an	DT
excuse	NN
to	TO
engage	VB
in	IN
compulsive	JJ
exercise	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
other	JJ
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
behaviors	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Specifically	RB
there	EX
are	VBP
some	DT
groups	NNS
of	IN
athletes	NNS
that	WDT
tend	VBP
to	TO
resort	VB
to	TO
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
patterns	NNS
and	CC
behaviors	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
extreme	JJ
compulsive	JJ
exercise	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
use	NN
of	IN
laxatives	NNS
and	CC
diuretics	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
explicitely	RB
for	IN
competition	NN
,	,
though	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
or	CC
may	MD
not	RB
clinically	RB
have	VBP
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
no	DT
psychological	JJ
symptoms	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Dancers	NNS
,	,
runners	NNS
,	,
gymnasts	NNS
and	CC
wrestlers	NNS
seem	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
at	IN
an	DT
elevated	JJ
risk	NN
of	IN
serious	JJ
injury	NN
or	CC
death	NN
because	IN
of	IN
their	PRP$
desire	NN
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
extrememly	RB
rapidly	RB
directly	RB
prior	RB
to	TO
an	DT
event	NN
.	.
The	DT
question	NN
that	WDT
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
asked	VBN
is	VBZ
why	WRB
certain	JJ
athletes	NNS
may	MD
find	VB
such	JJ
a	DT
desire	NN
or	CC
feel	VB
pushed	VBN
to	TO
``	``
win	VB
''	''
at	IN
all	DT
costs	NNS
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
that	DT
includes	VBZ
permanent	JJ
injury	NN
or	CC
death	NN
.	.
Because	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
still	RB
in	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
healing	NN
from	IN
and	CC
learning	VBG
ways	NNS
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
the	DT
issues	NNS
that	WDT
lead	VBP
to	TO
their	PRP$
disorder	NN
,	,
it	PRP
can	MD
quickly	RB
lead	VB
to	TO
Compulsive	NNP
Exercise	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
``	``
replacement	NN
''	''
for	IN
restriction	NN
or	CC
purging	VBG
,	,
while	IN
the	DT
person	NN
struggling	VBG
will	MD
convince	VB
themself	NN
they	PRP
are	VBP
doing	VBG
their	PRP$
body	NN
good	NN
.	.
Exercise	NN
should	MD
never	RB
be	VB
suggested	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
doctor	NN
during	IN
initial	JJ
stages	NNS
of	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
and	CC
any	DT
recommended	VBN
exercise	NN
later	RB
on	IN
needs	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
closely	RB
monitored	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
side	NN
note	NN
:	:
This	DT
is	VBZ
part	NN
of	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
went	VBD
through	IN
during	IN
my	PRP$
initial	JJ
stages	NNS
of	IN
beginning	VBG
to	TO
face	VB
recovery	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
non-athlete	JJ
,	,
more	RBR
than	IN
45	CD
minutes	NNS
to	TO
an	DT
hour	NN
of	IN
these	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
activites	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
time	NN
,	,
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
5	CD
days	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
can	MD
be	VB
dangerous	JJ
,	,
can	MD
cause	VB
physical	JJ
strain	NN
on	IN
the	DT
body	NN
,	,
and	CC
can	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
obsessive	JJ
and	CC
disruptive	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
to	TO
a	DT
person	NN
's	POS
life	NN
in	IN
general	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
athlete	NN
or	CC
dancer	NN
,	,
unhealthy	JJ
exercise	NN
depends	VBZ
on	IN
each	DT
individuals	NNS
sport	NN
,	,
level	NN
of	IN
activity	NN
,	,
personal	JJ
achievement	NN
goal	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
compete	VB
in	IN
a	DT
25	CD
mile	NN
marathon	NN
-	:
not	RB
a	DT
goal	NN
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
overall	JJ
fitness	NN
.	.
Dancers	NNS
and	CC
athletes	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
regularly	RB
seen	VBN
by	IN
their	PRP$
doctors	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
over-doing	VBG
it	PRP
and	CC
damaging	VBG
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
.	.
Caloric	JJ
and	CC
fluid	JJ
intake	NN
should	MD
reflect	VB
their	PRP$
level	NN
of	IN
activity	NN
and	CC
age	NN
to	TO
be	VB
sure	JJ
they	PRP
are	VBP
getting	VBG
the	DT
proper	JJ
fuel	NN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
need	VBP
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
become	VB
dehydrated	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
to	TO
check	VB
with	IN
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
to	TO
find	VB
out	RP
what	WP
your	PRP$
calorie	NN
requirements	NNS
are	VBP
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
an	DT
athlete	NN
or	CC
dancer	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
remember	VB
that	IN
Compulsive	NNP
Exercise	NNP
is	VBZ
another	DT
way	NN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
sufferer	NN
copes	NNS
.	.
By	IN
itself	PRP
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
dangerous	JJ
,	,
as	RB
much	RB
so	RB
as	IN
restricting	VBG
,	,
binging	NN
,	,
purging	VBG
,	,
and\/or	CC
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
diet	NN
pills	NNS
and	CC
laxatives	NNS
.	.
Unusual	JJ
Food	NNP
rituals	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
shifting	VBG
the	DT
food	NN
around	IN
on	IN
the	DT
plate	NN
to	TO
look	VB
eaten	VBN
;	:
cutting	VBG
food	NN
into	IN
tiny	JJ
pieces	NNS
;	:
making	VBG
sure	JJ
the	DT
fork	NN
avoids	VBZ
contact	NN
with	IN
the	DT
lips	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
using	VBG
teeth	NNS
to	TO
scrap	VB
food	NN
off	IN
the	DT
fork	NN
or	CC
spoon	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
chewing	VBG
food	NN
and	CC
spitting	VBG
it	PRP
out	RP
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
swallowing	VBG
;	:
dropping	VBG
food	NN
into	IN
napkin	NN
on	IN
lap	NN
to	TO
later	RB
throw	VB
away	RP
.	.
These	DT
range	NN
from	IN
common	JJ
over	IN
the	DT
counter	NN
appetite	NN
suppressants	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
phenylpropanolamine	NN
,	,
caffeine	NN
pills	NNS
and	CC
ephedrine	NN
hydrochloride	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
ephedrine	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
an	DT
appetite	NN
suppressant	NN
,	,
though	RB
often	RB
misused	VBD
as	IN
one	CD
-	:
commonly	RB
referred	VBN
to	TO
as	IN
``	``
white	JJ
crosses	NNS
''	''
or	CC
``	``
mini	FW
thins	FW
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
prescription	NN
medications	NNS
like	IN
Redux	NNP
and	CC
Phen\/Fen	NNP
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
a	DT
wide	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
diet	NN
pills	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
market	NN
that	WDT
are	VBP
available	JJ
,	,
many	JJ
of	IN
them	PRP
have	VBP
addictive	JJ
qualities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
some	DT
even	RB
contain	VBP
small	JJ
amounts	NNS
of	IN
laxative	NN
.	.
Diet	NNP
pills	NNS
,	,
both	DT
over-the-counter	JJ
and	CC
prescription	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
recommended	VBN
,	,
continuously	RB
,	,
or	CC
in	IN
excess	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
can	MD
cause	VB
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
nervousness	NN
,	,
restlessness	NN
,	,
insomnia	NN
,	,
high	JJ
blood	NN
pressure	NN
,	,
fatigue	NN
and	CC
hyperactivity	NN
,	,
heart	NN
arrhythmias	NNS
and	CC
palpitations	NNS
,	,
congestive	JJ
heart	NN
failure	NN
or	CC
heart	NN
attack	NN
,	,
stroke	NN
,	,
headaches	NNS
,	,
dry	JJ
mouth	NN
,	,
vomitting	VBG
and	CC
diarrhea	NN
or	CC
constipation	NN
,	,
intestinal	JJ
disturbances	NNS
,	,
tightness	NN
in	IN
chest	NN
,	,
tingling	VBG
in	IN
extremities	NNS
,	,
excessive	JJ
persperation	NN
,	,
dizziness	NN
,	,
disruption	NN
in	IN
mentrual	JJ
cycle	NN
,	,
change	NN
in	IN
sex	NN
drive	NN
,	,
hair	NN
loss	NN
,	,
blurred	VBD
vision	NN
,	,
fever	NN
and	CC
urinary	JJ
tract	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
Overdoses	NNS
can	MD
cause	VB
tremors	NNS
,	,
confusion	NN
,	,
hallucinations	NNS
,	,
shallow	JJ
breathing	NN
,	,
renal	JJ
failure	NN
,	,
heart	NN
attack	NN
and	CC
convulsions	NNS
.	.
Caffeine	NN
pills	NNS
and\/or	CC
Ephedrine	NNP
Hydrochloride	NNP
should	MD
never	RB
be	VB
taken	VBN
for	IN
weight	NN
control	NN
,	,
and	CC
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
taken	VBN
continuously	RB
.	.
Ephedrine	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
medication	NN
used	VBN
occassionally	RB
to	TO
treat	VB
asthma	NN
,	,
but	CC
more	RBR
commonly	RB
allergies	NNS
and	CC
hayfever	NN
-	:
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
bronchial	JJ
dialator	NN
.	.
Both	DT
can	MD
cause	VB
all	PDT
the	DT
side	NN
effects	NNS
as	IN
diet	NN
pills	NNS
,	,
with	IN
an	DT
increased	VBN
risk	NN
of	IN
addiction	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
both	DT
physical	NN
and	CC
psychological	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
headaches	NNS
,	,
high	JJ
blood	NN
pressure	NN
and	CC
heart	NN
palpitations	NNS
and	CC
arrhythmias	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
heart	NN
attack	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
important	JJ
to	TO
keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
that	IN
any	DT
medication	NN
,	,
whether	IN
prescription	NN
or	CC
over-the-counter	JJ
,	,
can	MD
interract	VB
with	IN
other	JJ
medications	NNS
causing	VBG
adverse	JJ
effects	NNS
,	,
or	CC
decreasing	VBG
the	DT
effectiveness	NN
of	IN
one	CD
or	CC
both	DT
.	.
Pills	NNS
or	CC
liquid	NN
,	,
herbal	JJ
or	CC
otherwise	RB
,	,
laxative	NN
abuse	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
common	JJ
form	NN
of	IN
``	``
weight	NN
control	NN
''	''
in	IN
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
use	NN
of	IN
laxatives	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
lose	VB
or	CC
control	VB
weight	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
only	RB
dangerous	JJ
,	,
but	CC
irrational	JJ
.	.
The	DT
actual	JJ
purpose	NN
of	IN
taking	VBG
a	DT
laxative	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
stimulate	VB
the	DT
large	JJ
bowel	NN
to	TO
empty	JJ
,	,
which	WDT
occurs	VBZ
only	RB
after	IN
the	DT
food	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
calories	NNS
for	IN
energy	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
absorbed	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
small	JJ
intestines	NNS
.	.
Essentially	RB
,	,
a	DT
person	NN
taking	VBG
laxatives	NNS
to	TO
control	VB
weight	NN
is	VBZ
only	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
cause	VB
their	PRP$
body	NN
to	TO
lose	VB
fluid	NN
,	,
which	WDT
can	MD
potentionally	RB
be	VB
followed	VBN
by	IN
periods	NNS
of	IN
water	NN
retention	NN
and	CC
an	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
bloating	VBG
-LRB-	-LRB-
causing	VBG
the	DT
sufferer	NN
to	TO
want	VB
to	TO
lose	VB
more	JJR
weight	NN
and	CC
ingest	VB
more	JJR
laxatives	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
reason	NN
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
seem	VBP
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
while	IN
taking	VBG
laxatives	NNS
is	VBZ
because	IN
in	IN
most	JJS
cases	NNS
they	PRP
are	VBP
increasingly	RB
watching	VBG
calorie	NN
intake	NN
and	CC
restricting	VBG
food	NN
consumption	NN
,	,
inducing	VBG
vomiting	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
compulsively	RB
exersizing	VBG
.	.
Phenolphthalein	NNP
,	,
a	DT
popular	JJ
ingredient	NN
previously	RB
found	VBN
in	IN
many	JJ
brands	NNS
of	IN
laxatives	NNS
has	VBZ
now	RB
been	VBN
recalled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
FDA	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Food	NNP
and	CC
Drug	NNP
Administration	NNP
,	,
United	NNP
States	NNPS
-RRB-	-RRB-
due	JJ
to	TO
studies	NNS
indicating	VBG
that	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
linked	VBN
to	TO
cancer	NN
.	.
Withdrawal	NN
symptoms	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
expected	VBN
in	IN
stopping	VBG
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
laxatives	NNS
after	IN
a	DT
continued	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
using	VBG
them	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
``	``
weight	NN
loss	NN
''	''
method	NN
.	.
These	DT
include	VBP
,	,
abdominal	JJ
cramping	NN
,	,
mild	JJ
to	TO
severe	JJ
constipation	NN
,	,
bloating	VBG
,	,
mood	NN
swings	NNS
and	CC
general	JJ
feelings	NNS
of	IN
fatigue	NN
and	CC
``	``
feeling	NN
sick	JJ
.	.
''	''
In	IN
less	RBR
severe	JJ
cases	NNS
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
will	MD
usually	RB
subside	VB
in	IN
about	RB
2	CD
weeks	NNS
,	,
but	CC
in	IN
cases	NNS
where	WRB
a	DT
person	NN
have	VBP
ingested	VBN
handfuls	NNS
or	CC
more	JJR
laxatives	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
basis	NN
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
take	VB
longer	JJR
and	CC
require	VB
medical	JJ
assitance	NN
.	.
Sufferers	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
sometimes	RB
use	VBP
diuretics	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
attempt	VB
controlling	VBG
their	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
Again	RB
,	,
this	DT
is	VBZ
dangerous	JJ
and	CC
irrational	JJ
.	.
Diuretics	NNS
work	VBP
on	IN
reducing	VBG
water	NN
retention	NN
,	,
and	CC
only	RB
decrease	VB
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
water	NN
in	IN
the	DT
body	NN
...	:
this	DT
can	MD
cause	VB
dehydration	NN
and	CC
electrolyte	NN
imbalances	NNS
and	CC
specifically	RB
potassium	NN
deficiencies	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
result	VB
in	IN
hospitalization	NN
.	.
Continued	VBN
use	NN
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
long	RB
and	CC
short-term	JJ
fluid	NN
retention	NN
even	RB
when	WRB
the	DT
diuretics	NNS
are	VBP
discontinued	VBN
.	.
The	DT
use	NN
of	IN
Ipecac	NNP
Syrup	NNP
can	MD
cause	VB
instant	JJ
death	NN
!	.
Using	VBG
Syrup	NN
of	IN
Ipecac	NNP
for	IN
anything	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
its	PRP$
purpose	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
to	TO
induce	VB
vomitting	NN
in	IN
cases	NNS
of	IN
accidental	JJ
poisoning	NN
,	,
or	CC
drug	NN
overdose	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
causes	VBZ
systemic	JJ
toxicity	NN
which	WDT
can	MD
cause	VB
weakness	NN
,	,
tenderness	NN
and	CC
stiffness	NN
of	IN
muscles	NNS
,	,
cardiac	JJ
disease	NN
and	CC
heart	NN
failure	NN
,	,
coma	NN
,	,
seizures	NNS
,	,
shock	NN
,	,
increase	NN
in	IN
blood	NN
pressure	NN
,	,
with	IN
possible	JJ
hemorrhage	NN
,	,
dehydration	NN
,	,
aspiration	NN
pneumonia	NN
and	CC
death	NN
.	.
This	DT
cumulative	JJ
effect	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
taking	VBG
it	PRP
more	JJR
than	IN
once	RB
,	,
for	IN
reasons	NNS
other	JJ
than	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
indications	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
can	MD
increase	VB
the	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
serious	JJ
adverse	JJ
effects	NNS
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
ipecac	NN
fails	VBZ
to	TO
produce	VB
vomitting	NN
,	,
patients	NNS
should	MD
go	VB
to	TO
the	DT
hospital	NN
IMMEDIATELY	RB
.	.
We	PRP
asked	VBD
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
suffering	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
to	TO
tell	VB
us	PRP
who	WP
the	DT
first	JJ
two	CD
people	NNS
were	VBD
that	IN
they	PRP
told	VBD
about	IN
their	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
--	:
Who	WP
were	VBD
the	DT
two	CD
most	RBS
common	JJ
people	NNS
that	IN
each	DT
sufferer	NN
trusted	VBD
enough	RB
to	TO
tell	VB
.	.
Part	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
at	IN
peace	NN
with	IN
who	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
is	VBZ
determining	VBG
what	WP
you	PRP
feel	VBP
about	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
spirituality	NN
and	CC
religious	JJ
beliefs	NNS
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
poll	NN
we	PRP
ask	VBP
our	PRP$
visitors	NNS
to	TO
pick	VB
a	DT
religion	NN
or	CC
spiritual	JJ
practice	NN
they	PRP
most	RBS
strongly	RB
identify	VB
with	IN
.	.
What	WP
works	VBZ
for	IN
one	CD
person	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
necessarily	RB
work	VB
for	IN
another	DT
when	WRB
it	PRP
comes	VBZ
to	TO
treating	VBG
an	DT
individual	JJ
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
poll	NN
we	PRP
ask	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
tell	VBP
us	PRP
what	WP
type	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
you	PRP
've	VBP
found	VBN
most	RBS
beneficial	JJ
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
poll	NN
we	PRP
asked	VBD
our	PRP$
visitors	NNS
to	TO
identify	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
sexual	JJ
identity	NN
:	:
female	JJ
heterosexual	JJ
,	,
homosexual	JJ
or	CC
bisexual	JJ
,	,
male	JJ
heterosexual	JJ
,	,
homosexual	JJ
or	CC
bisexual	JJ
,	,
or	CC
other\/GID	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Gender	NNP
Identity	NNP
Disorder	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Each	DT
month	NN
we	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
conducting	VBG
a	DT
new	JJ
poll	NN
.	.
Polls	NNS
will	MD
always	RB
be	VB
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
topic	NN
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and\/or	CC
recovery	NN
from	IN
them	PRP
.	.
The	DT
current	JJ
poll	NN
will	MD
always	RB
be	VB
available	JJ
through	IN
the	DT
main	JJ
page	NN
of	IN
the	DT
site	NN
,	,
and	CC
previous	JJ
polls	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
archived	VBN
here	RB
so	RB
that	IN
their	PRP$
results	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
easily	RB
accessed	VBN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
always	RB
interested	JJ
in	IN
hearing	VBG
suggesting	VBG
from	IN
our	PRP$
visitors	NNS
.	.
Have	VBP
an	DT
idea	NN
for	IN
a	DT
future	JJ
survey	NN
?	.
Is	VBZ
there	EX
a	DT
question	NN
you	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
see	VB
asked	VBN
?	.
Be	VB
sure	JJ
to	TO
send	VB
us	PRP
feedback	NN
using	VBG
our	PRP$
contact	NN
form	NN
.	.
Educating	VBG
members	NNS
of	IN
Congress	NNP
-	:
The	NNP
EDC	NNP
will	MD
create	VB
educational	JJ
materials	NNS
and	CC
briefing	NN
sheets	NNS
that	WDT
summarize	VBP
the	DT
research	NN
and	CC
outline	VB
the	DT
problems	NNS
on	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
meet	VB
with	IN
Members	NNS
of	IN
Congress	NNP
and	CC
people	NNS
in	IN
federal	JJ
agencies	NNS
.	.
The	DT
EDC	NNP
is	VBZ
creating	VBG
a	DT
Family	NNP
Action	NNP
Council	NNP
where	WRB
a	DT
family	NN
from	IN
each	DT
state	NN
and	CC
the	DT
District	NNP
of	IN
Columbia	NNP
will	MD
advocated	VBN
for	IN
improved	JJ
policies	NNS
.	.
Raising	NNP
visibility	NN
-	:
The	DT
EDC	NNP
has	VBZ
conducted	VBN
and	CC
is	VBZ
currently	RB
organizing	VBG
Congressional	JJ
events	NNS
to	TO
bring	VB
increased	JJ
attention	NN
to	TO
and	CC
awareness	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
policy	NN
issue	NN
.	.
Their	PRP$
first	JJ
such	JJ
event	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
Congressional	JJ
briefing	NN
titled	VBN
``	``
Fighting	NN
for	IN
treatment	NN
,	,
fighting	VBG
for	IN
life	NN
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
know	VBP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
incredible	JJ
painful	JJ
to	TO
lose	VB
someone	NN
you	PRP
love	VBP
and	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
wish	VB
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
process	NN
any	DT
more	RBR
difficult	JJ
.	.
The	DT
form	NN
below	IN
seems	VBZ
cold	JJ
and	CC
impersonal	JJ
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
intended	VBN
that	DT
way	NN
...	:
for	IN
the	DT
benefit	NN
of	IN
everyone	NN
we	PRP
just	RB
need	VBP
to	TO
ensure	VB
accuracy	NN
.	.
DO	NNP
US	NNP
A	NNP
FAVOR	NNP
--	:
Please	VB
do	VB
n't	RB
waste	VB
our	PRP$
time	NN
submitting	VBG
false	JJ
or	CC
fraudulent	JJ
information	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
It	PRP
's	VBZ
quite	RB
sad	JJ
I	PRP
even	RB
have	VBP
to	TO
address	VB
this	DT
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
apologize	VBP
to	TO
those	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
who	WP
have	VBP
truly	RB
lost	VBN
a	DT
loved-one	NN
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
Submissions	NNS
do	VBP
NOT	RB
appear	VB
automatically	RB
,	,
and	CC
are	VBP
reviewed	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
actual	JJ
human	JJ
being	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
looking	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
place	NN
to	TO
waste	VB
time	NN
,	,
please	VB
do	VBP
n't	RB
do	VB
it	PRP
here	RB
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
sensitive	JJ
issue	NN
that	IN
we	PRP
take	VBP
very	RB
seriously	RB
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
would	MD
appreciate	VB
it	PRP
if	IN
you	PRP
did	VBD
too	RB
.	.
When	WRB
filling	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
form	NN
,	,
include	VBP
as	RB
much	JJ
information	NN
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
If	IN
fields	NNS
are	VBP
missing	VBG
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
your	PRP$
submission	NN
will	MD
not	RB
appear	VB
.	.
If	IN
information	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
accurate	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
your	PRP$
submission	NN
will	MD
not	RB
appear	VB
.	.
If	IN
your	PRP$
submission	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
digitally	RB
signed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
bottom	NN
,	,
it	PRP
will	MD
NOT	RB
appear	VB
under	IN
any	DT
circumstances	NNS
.	.
What	WP
is	VBZ
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
?	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
nemesis	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
greatest	JJS
enemy	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
greatest	JJS
fear	NN
,	,
the	DT
spectre	NN
that	WDT
haunts	VBZ
my	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
steals	VBZ
my	PRP$
serenity	NN
,	,
that	IN
teaches	VBZ
me	PRP
to	TO
hate	VB
myself	PRP
-	:
something	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
treated	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
``	``
friend	NN
''	''
for	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
fifteen	CD
years	NNS
without	IN
realizing	VBG
how	WRB
much	JJ
I	PRP
was	VBD
betraying	VBG
myself	PRP
by	IN
continuing	VBG
the	DT
``	``
friendship	NN
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
have	VBP
always	RB
had	VBN
a	DT
distorted	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
young	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
remember	VBP
being	VBG
very	RB
thin	JJ
and	CC
being	VBG
known	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
family	NN
as	IN
a	DT
``	``
picky	JJ
''	''
eater	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
literally	RB
frightened	VBN
by	IN
unknown	JJ
foods	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
``	``
safe	JJ
''	''
with	IN
Kraft	NNP
Macaroni	NNP
and	CC
Cheese	NNP
,	,
plain	JJ
pizza	NN
,	,
Pepperidge	NNP
Farm	NNP
white	JJ
bread	NN
,	,
Charleston	NNP
Chews	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Bumble	NNP
Bee	NNP
tuna	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
think	VBP
I	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
brand-loyal	JJ
person	NN
I	PRP
know	VBP
!	.
I	PRP
marketer	NN
's	POS
dream	NN
...	:
-RRB-	-RRB-
Through	IN
the	DT
beginnings	NNS
of	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
kind	NN
of	IN
figured	VBD
out	RP
that	IN
my	PRP$
idea	NN
of	IN
``	``
safety	NN
''	''
in	IN
familiar	JJ
foods	NNS
has	VBZ
a	DT
lot	NN
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
my	PRP$
environment	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
child	NN
.	.
Both	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
were	VBD
-LRB-	-LRB-
are	VBP
-RRB-	-RRB-
alcoholics	NNS
-	:
my	PRP$
mom	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
screamer	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
dad	NN
was	VBD
passive-aggressive	JJ
.	.
There	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
yelling	VBG
at	IN
dinnertime	NN
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
never	RB
predict	VB
what	WP
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
would	MD
act	VB
like	IN
,	,
but	CC
at	IN
least	JJS
I	PRP
could	MD
predict	VB
and	CC
rely	VB
on	IN
the	DT
comforting	JJ
taste	NN
of	IN
macaroni	NNS
and	CC
cheese	NN
casserole	NN
.	.
At	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
overeat	VB
,	,
I	PRP
think	VBP
;	:
I	PRP
just	RB
had	VBD
an	DT
amazingly	RB
limited	JJ
palette	NN
of	IN
foods	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
willingly	RB
eat	VB
.	.
I	PRP
resisted	VBD
-LRB-	-LRB-
just	RB
about	IN
the	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
the	DT
``	``
perfect	JJ
''	''
daughter	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
trying	VBG
new	JJ
foods	NNS
vehemently	RB
.	.
As	IN
far	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
remember	VB
,	,
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
overeat	VB
compulsively	RB
in	IN
seventh	JJ
grade	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
tough	JJ
time	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
for	IN
most	JJS
girls	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
physical	JJ
development	NN
,	,
social	JJ
isolation	NN
,	,
emotional	JJ
imbalance	NN
.	.
At	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
look	VB
to	TO
my	PRP$
mother	NN
for	IN
guidance	NN
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
wrapped	VBN
up	RP
in	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
problems	NNS
that	IN
she	PRP
had	VBD
little	JJ
or	CC
nothing	NN
to	TO
give	VB
--	:
except	IN
her	PRP$
example	NN
.	.
Aside	RB
from	IN
being	VBG
an	DT
alcoholic	JJ
,	,
she	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
compulsive	JJ
overeater	NN
herself	PRP
,	,
retreating	VBG
into	IN
the	DT
bedroom	NN
after	IN
her	PRP$
nightly	JJ
fights	NNS
with	IN
my	PRP$
father	NN
to	TO
eat	VB
and	CC
read	VB
romance	NN
novels	NNS
.	.
And	CC
eat	VB
she	PRP
did	VBD
.	.
Two	CD
bags	NNS
of	IN
Ruffles	NNP
Sour	NNP
Cream	NNP
and	CC
Onion	NNP
potato	NN
chips	NNS
,	,
2	CD
liters	NNS
of	IN
Coke	NNP
,	,
maybe	RB
a	DT
box	NN
of	IN
Wheat	NN
Thins	VBZ
all	DT
in	IN
one	CD
sitting	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
eat	VB
for	IN
comfort	NN
then	RB
,	,
and	CC
gained	VBD
weight	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
developing	VBG
a	DT
woman	NN
's	POS
body	NN
.	.
The	DT
taunts	NNS
from	IN
my	PRP$
classmates	NNS
at	IN
being	VBG
slightly	RB
chubby	JJ
led	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
eat	VB
even	RB
more	RBR
,	,
and	CC
grow	VB
more	JJR
and	CC
more	RBR
fat	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
at	IN
this	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
might	MD
have	VB
broken	VBN
the	DT
growing	VBG
dependency	NN
,	,
but	CC
in	IN
eighth	JJ
grade	NN
my	PRP$
self-loathing	NN
was	VBD
increased	VBN
a	DT
thousand-fold	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
sexually	RB
abused	VBN
by	IN
my	PRP$
brother	NN
.	.
And	CC
so	IN
the	DT
cycle	NN
increased	VBD
-	:
food	NN
comforted	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
Around	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
remember	VBP
my	PRP$
dad	NN
saying	VBG
something	NN
to	TO
me	PRP
about	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
gain	NN
.	.
``	``
You	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
be	VB
like	IN
your	PRP$
mother	NN
,	,
do	VBP
you	PRP
?	.
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
with	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
disgust	NN
he	PRP
felt	VBD
for	IN
her	PRP$
obvious	JJ
in	IN
his	PRP$
tone	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
,	,
too	RB
,	,
shared	VBD
his	PRP$
hatred	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
size	NN
and	CC
moods	NNS
and	CC
eating	VBG
habits	NNS
;	:
being	VBG
compared	VBN
to	TO
her	PRP$
by	IN
him	PRP
only	RB
made	VBD
me	PRP
feel	VB
worse	JJR
about	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
fixed	VBD
that	IN
by	IN
coating	NN
it	PRP
with	IN
ice	NN
cream	NN
,	,
candy	NN
,	,
Yodels	NNP
,	,
Ring	NNP
Dings	NNP
,	,
Cheese	NNP
Nips	VBZ
...	:
It	PRP
's	VBZ
funny	JJ
.	.
For	IN
years	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
congratulated	VBD
myself	PRP
for	IN
``	``
recovering	VBG
''	''
from	IN
my	PRP$
sick	JJ
childhood	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
an	DT
alcoholic	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
've	VBP
never	RB
done	VBN
any	DT
illegal	JJ
drugs	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
great	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
a	DT
good	JJ
job	NN
and	CC
a	DT
clean	JJ
apartment	NN
and	CC
friends	NNS
.	.
But	CC
this	DT
year	NN
,	,
I	PRP
finally	RB
sought	VBD
help	NN
for	IN
depression	NN
.	.
Around	IN
January	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
close	JJ
to	TO
killing	VBG
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
chose	VBD
not	RB
to	TO
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
duh	NN
!	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
mostly	RB
because	IN
the	DT
father	NN
of	IN
one	CD
of	IN
my	PRP$
students	NNS
committed	VBN
suicide	NN
last	JJ
year	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
've	VBP
witnessed	VBN
what	WP
havoc	NN
and	CC
torture	VB
that	DT
has	VBZ
caused	VBN
her	PRP$
family	NN
.	.
I	PRP
resisted	VBD
all	DT
drug	NN
therapy	NN
at	IN
first	JJ
-	:
I	PRP
could	MD
talk	VB
about	IN
that	DT
for	IN
another	DT
20	CD
paragraphs	NNS
!	.
-	:
and	CC
started	VBD
``	``
cognitive	JJ
''	''
therapy	NN
.	.
Although	IN
I	PRP
made	VBD
some	DT
progress	NN
with	IN
cognitive	JJ
work	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
still	RB
bingeing	VBG
and	CC
hating	VBG
myself	PRP
and	CC
crying	VBG
often	RB
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
after	IN
three	CD
months	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
tried	VBD
Prozac	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
relief	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
most	RBS
acute	JJ
depressive	NN
symptoms	NNS
,	,
but	CC
has	VBZ
not	RB
arrested	VBN
my	PRP$
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
HMO	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
agreeing	VBG
to	TO
more	JJR
one-on-one	JJ
counseling	NN
for	IN
now	RB
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
recently	RB
started	VBD
trying	VBG
12-step	JJ
groups	NNS
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
had	VBD
always	RB
resisted	VBN
12-step	JJ
programs	NNS
-	:
my	PRP$
mother	NN
is	VBZ
,	,
I	PRP
'd	MD
say	VB
,	,
a	DT
compulsive	JJ
AA	NNP
member	NN
...	:
and	CC
I	PRP
never	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
like	IN
HER	NNP
!	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
a	DT
couple	NN
of	IN
ACA	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Adult	NNP
Children	NNP
Anon	NNP
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
meetings	NNS
,	,
a	DT
CODA	NNP
meeting	NN
...	:
then	RB
finally	RB
,	,
TWO	CD
DAYS	NNS
AGO	RB
,	,
I	PRP
walked	VBD
into	IN
an	DT
OA	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
some	DT
hope	NN
right	RB
now	RB
.	.
Weight	NNP
Watchers	NNPS
did	VBD
n't	RB
work	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
lost	VBN
35	CD
,	,
gained	VBD
50	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
``	``
willpower	NN
''	''
did	VBD
n't	RB
work	VB
,	,
beating	VBG
myself	PRP
up	RP
over	IN
and	CC
over	IN
again	RB
did	VBD
n't	RB
work	VB
...	:
I	PRP
have	VBP
some	DT
hope	VBP
that	IN
OA	NNP
might	MD
work	VB
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
lapsed	VBN
Catholic	NNP
and	CC
big-time	JJ
doubter	NN
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
work	VB
in	IN
a	DT
``	``
Higher	JJR
Power	NN
.	.
''	''
But	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
filled	VBN
with	IN
hope	NN
.	.
For	IN
once	RB
,	,
losing	VBG
weight	NN
is	VBZ
n't	RB
my	PRP$
first	JJ
priority	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
really	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
try	VB
to	TO
love	VB
myself	PRP
,	,
treat	VB
myself	PRP
better	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
losing	VBG
weight	NN
will	MD
be	VB
a	DT
product	NN
of	IN
that	DT
.	.
Physical	JJ
symptoms	NNS
?	.
Depression	NN
.	.
Fatigue	NN
.	.
Muscle	NN
aches	NNS
.	.
Asthma	NN
.	.
Irritable	JJ
bowel	NN
syndrome	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
think	VBP
that	DT
's	VBZ
what	WP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
called	VBN
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
Back	RB
aches	NNS
.	.
Pain	NN
from	IN
waist	NN
bands	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
too	RB
tight	JJ
.	.
Pain	NN
from	IN
bras	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
too	RB
tight	JJ
.	.
Stretch	NNP
marks	NNS
.	.
Thank	VB
you	PRP
so	RB
much	RB
for	IN
this	DT
site	NN
,	,
and	CC
for	IN
all	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
who	WP
shared	VBD
your	PRP$
stories	NNS
with	IN
me	PRP
.	.
God	NNP
bless	VB
you	PRP
all	DT
;	:
I	PRP
wish	VBP
you	PRP
all	DT
recovery	NN
.	.
Naming	VBG
this	DT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
important	JJ
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
Hearing	NN
your	PRP$
words	NNS
of	IN
hope	NN
and	CC
wisdom	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
invaluable	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
eat	VBP
in	IN
response	NN
to	TO
rage	NN
and	CC
to	TO
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
having	VBG
been	VBN
betrayed	VBN
.	.
Anything	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
connect	VBP
with	IN
betrayal	NN
tends	VBZ
to	TO
trigger	VB
binges	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
a	DT
drinker	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
particularly	RB
nuts	NNS
about	IN
sweets	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
go	VBP
nuts	NNS
on	IN
pasta	NN
.	.
I	PRP
notice	VBP
,	,
though	RB
,	,
that	IN
lately	RB
I	PRP
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
as	IN
hungry	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
because	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
finally	RB
gotten	VBN
my	PRP$
mother	NN
to	TO
support	VB
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
beginning	VBG
menopause	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
moments	NNS
of	IN
weepiness	NN
which	WDT
,	,
for	IN
me	PRP
at	IN
least	JJS
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
plus	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
never	RB
been	VBN
able	JJ
to	TO
weep	NN
before	IN
.	.
I	PRP
internalized	VBD
shame	NN
and	CC
hatred	NN
but	CC
never	RB
wept	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
used	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
shamed	VBN
for	IN
showing	VBG
emotions	NNS
.	.
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
criticized	VBN
for	IN
everything	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
earliest	JJS
memories	NNS
about	IN
having	VBG
an	DT
abnormal	JJ
relationship	NN
to	TO
food	NN
are	VBP
of	IN
friends	NNS
who	WP
kept	VBD
their	PRP$
Halloween	NNP
candy	NN
longer	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
and	CC
being	VBG
amazed	VBN
that	IN
they	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
eat	VB
it	PRP
as	RB
quickly	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
.	.
Mine	NNP
was	VBD
usually	RB
gone	VBN
within	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
older	JJR
brother	NN
had	VBD
the	DT
same	JJ
relationship	NN
to	TO
sweets	NNS
I	PRP
did	VBD
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
thought	VBD
we	PRP
were	VBD
the	DT
normal	JJ
ones	NNS
.	.
Once	RB
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
fat	JJ
,	,
my	PRP$
mother	NN
started	VBD
to	TO
restrict	VB
certain	JJ
foods	NNS
from	IN
us	PRP
,	,
which	WDT
set	VBD
the	DT
stage	NN
for	IN
being	VBG
obsessed	VBN
with	IN
food	NN
,	,
which	WDT
I	PRP
quickly	RB
became	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
always	RB
looking	VBG
forward	RB
to	TO
dessert	NN
,	,
after	IN
school	NN
snacks	NNS
,	,
whatever	WDT
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
remember	VB
a	DT
time	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
where	WRB
candy	NN
or	CC
sweets	NNS
were	VBD
not	RB
a	DT
focal	JJ
point	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
whenever	WRB
they	PRP
were	VBD
present	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
even	RB
remember	VBP
being	VBG
ten	CD
or	CC
so	RB
and	CC
thinking	VBG
about	IN
how	WRB
nice	JJ
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
to	TO
be	VB
grown	VBN
up	RB
and	CC
have	VB
a	DT
car	NN
so	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
drive	VB
to	TO
the	DT
drug	NN
store	NN
by	IN
myself	PRP
and	CC
buy	VB
all	PDT
the	DT
candy	NN
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
.	.
In	IN
my	PRP$
early	JJ
teenage	JJ
years	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
notice	VB
the	DT
ever-growing	JJ
differences	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
girls	NNS
my	PRP$
age	NN
,	,
who	WP
were	VBD
starting	VBG
to	TO
worry	VB
about	IN
dieting	NN
,	,
hair	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
and	CC
me	PRP
,	,
who	WP
only	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
know	VB
the	DT
surest	JJS
way	NN
to	TO
sneak	VB
more	JJR
cookies	NNS
up	IN
to	TO
my	PRP$
room	NN
past	IN
my	PRP$
mother	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
and	CC
food	NN
got	VBD
worse	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
a	DT
specific	JJ
incident	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
eat	VB
something	NN
sweet	JJ
and	CC
my	PRP$
mother	NN
said	VBD
no.	RB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
upset	VBN
that	IN
she	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
let	VB
me	PRP
and	CC
she	PRP
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
Go	VB
ahead	RB
and	CC
eat	VB
it	PRP
,	,
porker	NN
.	.
''	''
She	PRP
said	VBD
that	IN
right	NN
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
a	DT
friend	NN
of	IN
mine	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
humiliated	JJ
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
eat	VB
for	IN
days	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
junior	JJ
year	NN
in	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
an	DT
exchange	NN
student	NN
,	,
and	CC
found	VBD
solace	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
homesickness	NN
in	IN
food	NN
.	.
Especially	RB
in	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
numb	JJ
the	DT
culture	NN
shock	NN
by	IN
waking	VBG
up	RP
in	IN
the	DT
middle	NN
of	IN
the	DT
night	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
all	DT
kinds	NNS
of	IN
candy	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
Once	RB
,	,
my	PRP$
host	NN
sister	NN
found	VBD
the	DT
candy	NN
wrappers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
trash	NN
can	MD
in	IN
my	PRP$
bedroom	NN
and	CC
announced	VBD
her	PRP$
findings	NNS
to	TO
my	PRP$
family	NN
.	.
Another	DT
humiliation	NN
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
really	RB
start	VB
to	TO
get	VB
remarkably	RB
fat	JJ
until	IN
I	PRP
started	VBD
college	NN
.	.
Again	RB
,	,
I	PRP
felt	VBD
alone	RB
and	CC
uncomfortable	JJ
:	:
I	PRP
was	VBD
at	IN
an	DT
expensive	JJ
private	JJ
school	NN
,	,
on	IN
scholarship	NN
,	,
and	CC
felt	VBD
so	RB
different	JJ
from	IN
everyone	NN
else	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
comforted	VBD
myself	PRP
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
sneak	VB
down	RP
the	DT
hallway	NN
to	TO
the	DT
laundry	NN
room	NN
and	CC
get	VB
as	RB
many	JJ
candy	NN
bars	NNS
as	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
from	IN
the	DT
vending	VBG
machine	NN
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
put	VB
them	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
clothes	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
laundry	NN
basket	NN
so	IN
no	DT
one	PRP
would	MD
see	VB
them	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
wish	VBP
I	PRP
could	MD
go	VB
back	RB
to	TO
those	DT
days	NNS
,	,
and	CC
somehow	RB
change	VB
what	WP
I	PRP
started	VBD
,	,
because	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
started	VBD
has	VBZ
kept	VBN
me	PRP
fat	JJ
,	,
scared	JJ
,	,
and	CC
angry	JJ
at	IN
myself	PRP
for	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
eight	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
tried	VBN
different	JJ
diets	NNS
,	,
working	VBG
out	RP
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
would	MD
always	RB
lose	VB
a	DT
little	JJ
weight	NN
,	,
then	RB
gain	VB
back	RB
even	RB
more	RBR
.	.
I	PRP
finally	RB
joined	VBD
OA	NNP
two	CD
months	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
and	CC
am	VBP
realizing	VBG
to	TO
what	WP
extent	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
powerless	JJ
over	IN
sweets	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
abstinence	NN
means	VBZ
no	DT
sugar	NN
to	TO
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
this	DT
makes	VBZ
me	PRP
sad	JJ
right	RB
now	RB
.	.
For	IN
as	RB
long	JJ
as	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
remember	VB
,	,
sugary	JJ
foods	NNS
have	VBP
numbed	VBN
the	DT
rest	NN
of	IN
life	NN
,	,
and	CC
now	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
face	VB
everything	NN
without	IN
this	DT
crutch	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
scared	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
like	IN
something	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
missing	VBG
from	IN
me	PRP
,	,
though	RB
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
that	IN
as	RB
long	JJ
as	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
fat	JJ
and	CC
bingeing	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
some	DT
part	NN
of	IN
me	PRP
that	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
getting	VBG
developed	VBN
,	,
that	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
growing	VBG
up	RP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
worried	VBN
that	IN
this	DT
will	MD
define	VB
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
will	MD
spend	VB
the	DT
rest	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
fighting	VBG
my	PRP$
weight	NN
and	CC
not	RB
accomplishing	VBG
whatever	WDT
it	PRP
is	VBZ
I	PRP
was	VBD
set	VBN
on	IN
this	DT
world	NN
to	TO
do	VB
.	.
As	IN
far	RB
as	IN
physical	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
some	DT
that	WDT
are	VBP
not	RB
endangering	VBG
,	,
but	CC
are	VBP
uncomfortable	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
knees	NNS
and	CC
ankles	NNS
crack	VBP
when	WRB
I	PRP
walk	VBP
up	IN
the	DT
stairs	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
kind	NN
of	IN
runs	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
compounded	VBN
by	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
used	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
sick	JJ
to	TO
my	PRP$
stomach	NN
a	DT
lot	NN
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
still	RB
bingeing	NN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
has	VBZ
,	,
thank	VBP
God	NNP
,	,
been	VBN
months	NNS
since	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
eaten	VBN
half	PDT
a	DT
cake	NN
all	DT
by	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
And	CC
that	DT
does	VBZ
not	RB
count	VB
how	WRB
uncomfortable	JJ
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
wear	VB
clothes	NNS
that	WDT
used	VBD
to	TO
fit	VB
.	.
Compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
never	RB
have	VB
imagined	VBN
that	IN
there	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
term	NN
to	TO
describe	VB
my	PRP$
hell	NN
,	,
but	CC
now	RB
know	VBP
there	EX
is	VBZ
after	IN
reading	VBG
the	DT
description	NN
of	IN
COE	NNP
,	,
and	CC
answering	VBG
yes	UH
to	TO
every	DT
symptom	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
never	RB
a	DT
time	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
not	RB
consumed	VBN
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
either	DT
thinking	VBG
about	IN
food	NN
,	,
or	CC
eating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
out	RP
regularly	RB
,	,
and	CC
am	VBP
quite	RB
busy	JJ
so	IN
I	PRP
appear	VBP
to	TO
everyone	NN
else	RB
to	TO
be	VB
chunky	JJ
rather	RB
than	IN
obese	JJ
.	.
No	DT
one	NN
has	VBZ
any	DT
idea	NN
how	WRB
much	JJ
food	NN
I	PRP
eat	VBP
,	,
or	CC
how	WRB
much	JJ
I	PRP
think	VBP
about	IN
eating	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
eat	VBP
normally	RB
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
,	,
and	CC
sneak	VB
the	DT
rest	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
driven	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
by	IN
myself	PRP
of	IN
course	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
a	DT
fast	JJ
food	NN
restaurant	NN
,	,
ordered	VBD
a	DT
large	JJ
cheeseburger	NN
,	,
fries	NNS
and	CC
drink	NN
,	,
eaten	VBN
the	DT
entire	JJ
meat	NN
in	IN
less	JJR
than	IN
5	CD
minutes	NNS
,	,
then	RB
driven	VBN
directly	RB
to	TO
a	DT
different	JJ
fast	JJ
food	NN
restaurant	NN
and	CC
ordered	VBD
more	RBR
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
purposefully	RB
wrap	VB
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
containers	NNS
and	CC
bags	NNS
up	RP
as	IN
small	JJ
as	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
and	CC
stop	VB
where	WRB
no	DT
one	NN
knows	VBZ
me	PRP
and	CC
throw	VB
the	DT
``	``
evidence	NN
''	''
away	RB
.	.
I	PRP
even	RB
sneak	VBP
food	NN
into	IN
the	DT
bathroom	NN
at	IN
home	NN
,	,
turn	VB
the	DT
fan	NN
on	IN
so	IN
no	DT
one	NN
can	MD
hear	VB
the	DT
food	NN
wrappers	NNS
rattling	VBG
and	CC
binge	NN
.	.
I	PRP
eat	VBP
until	IN
I	PRP
feel	VBP
ill.	RB
.	.
Many	JJ
times	NNS
if	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
prevented	VBN
from	IN
eating	VBG
,	,
like	IN
if	IN
someone	NN
comes	VBZ
over	IN
unexpectedly	RB
,	,
I	PRP
feel	VBP
extremely	RB
angry	JJ
and	CC
anxious	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
idea	NN
why	WRB
this	DT
is	VBZ
happening	VBG
to	TO
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
feel	VB
powerless	JJ
to	TO
stop	VB
this	DT
madness	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
nothing	NN
that	WDT
seems	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
me	PRP
not	RB
eat	VB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
great	JJ
life	NN
,	,
wonderful	JJ
husband\/kids	NNS
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
life	NN
is	VBZ
probably	RB
less	RBR
stressful	JJ
than	IN
most	JJS
.	.
While	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
my	PRP$
husband	NN
loves	VBZ
me	PRP
,	,
he	PRP
does	VBZ
have	VB
a	DT
problem	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
He	PRP
has	VBZ
never	RB
had	VBD
a	DT
problem	NN
with	IN
his	PRP$
own	JJ
weight	NN
,	,
and	CC
looks	VBZ
are	VBP
important	JJ
to	TO
him	PRP
.	.
The	DT
few	JJ
times	NNS
we	PRP
have	VBP
ever	RB
fought	VBN
was	VBD
essentially	RB
about	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
suppose	VBP
you	PRP
can	MD
guess	VB
what	WP
happens	VBZ
then	RB
...	:
I	PRP
eat	VBP
even	RB
more	RBR
.	.
The	DT
funny	JJ
thing	NN
is	VBZ
he	PRP
has	VBZ
no	DT
clue	NN
about	IN
the	DT
extent	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
eating	NN
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
is	VBZ
going	VBG
on	RP
with	IN
me	PRP
.	.
Consequently	RB
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
hard	JJ
time	NN
with	IN
intimacy	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
my	PRP$
husband	NN
to	TO
see	VB
how	WRB
fat	JJ
I	PRP
really	RB
am	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
so	RB
ashamed	JJ
.	.
Like	IN
others	NNS
I	PRP
've	VBP
read	VBN
about	IN
with	IN
COE	NNP
,	,
none	NN
of	IN
the	DT
diets	NNS
and	CC
pills	NNS
have	VBP
helped	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
even	RB
try	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
myself	PRP
throw	VB
up	RP
after	IN
eating	VBG
,	,
but	CC
am	VBP
not	RB
very	RB
succesful	JJ
at	IN
that	DT
either	RB
.	.
Believe	VB
me	PRP
,	,
if	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
make	VB
myself	PRP
throw	VB
up	RP
I	PRP
would	MD
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
searched	VBN
my	PRP$
life	NN
to	TO
come	VB
up	RP
with	IN
some	DT
clue	NN
as	IN
to	TO
why	WRB
this	DT
is	VBZ
happening	VBG
,	,
and	CC
come	VB
up	RP
empty	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
most	JJS
part	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
life	NN
is	VBZ
like	IN
alot	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
people	NNS
~	VBP
parents	NNS
divorced	VBN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
5	CD
,	,
loving	JJ
parents	NNS
,	,
very	RB
strict	JJ
father	NN
,	,
less	JJR
strict	JJ
mother	NN
,	,
a	DT
step	NN
father	NN
who	WP
did	VBD
n't	RB
particularly	RB
like	IN
me	PRP
,	,
but	CC
that	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
worst	JJS
of	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
when	WRB
it	PRP
started	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
guess	VBP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
always	RB
been	VBN
there	RB
.	.
The	DT
need	NN
for	IN
food	NN
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
knowing	VBG
why	WRB
the	DT
need	NN
is	VBZ
there	RB
.	.
I	PRP
look	VBP
forward	RB
to	TO
being	VBG
alone	RB
with	IN
food	NN
,	,
not	RB
just	RB
sweets	NNS
-	:
also	RB
sandwiches	NNS
,	,
even	RB
``	``
healthy	JJ
''	''
fruits	NNS
and	CC
vegetables	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
seems	VBZ
worse	JJR
when	WRB
I	PRP
live	VBP
at	IN
home	NN
,	,
I	PRP
eat	VBP
pretty	RB
sensibly	RB
and	CC
even	RB
lost	VBD
weight	NN
my	PRP$
first	JJ
year	NN
at	IN
college	NN
.	.
So	RB
perhaps	RB
it	PRP
has	VBZ
alot	VBN
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
my	PRP$
environment	NN
,	,
both	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
have	VBP
poor	JJ
eating	NN
habits	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
grew	VBD
up	RP
a	DT
latch-key	JJ
kid	NN
,	,
I	PRP
suppose	VBP
food	NN
,	,
a	DT
familiar	JJ
,	,
was	VBD
a	DT
safety	NN
mechanism	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
,	,
esp	NN
.	.
my	PRP$
mom	NN
have	VBP
always	RB
been	VBN
controlling	VBG
,	,
often	RB
about	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
eat	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
really	RB
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
why	WRB
I	PRP
compulsively	RB
eat	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
very	RB
conscious	JJ
of	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
doing	VBG
but	CC
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
numb	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
guilty	JJ
about	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
have	VBP
just	RB
done	VBN
but	CC
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
wonder	VBP
what	WP
and	CC
when	WRB
I	PRP
can	MD
eat	VB
next	JJ
.	.
Gosh	NNP
I	PRP
just	RB
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
where	WRB
to	TO
begin	VB
.	.
Overeating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
extreme	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
go	VBP
is	VBZ
such	JJ
a	DT
monumental	JJ
problem	NN
.	.
It	PRP
controls	VBZ
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
about	IN
it	PRP
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
go	VBP
to	TO
a	DT
restaurant	NN
I	PRP
wonder	VBP
if	IN
the	DT
chair	NN
will	MD
support	VB
me	PRP
or	CC
if	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
fit	VB
in	IN
the	DT
booth	NN
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
totally	RB
isolated	VBN
by	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
thoughts	NNS
of	IN
what	WP
people	NNS
think	VBP
of	IN
me	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
tend	VBP
to	TO
not	RB
go	VB
out	RP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
young	JJ
...	:
only	RB
34	CD
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
it	PRP
happened	VBD
.	.
It	PRP
creeps	VBZ
up	RP
on	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
then	RB
its	PRP$
like	IN
a	DT
thousand	CD
lead	NN
weights	NNS
on	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Even	RB
if	IN
you	PRP
get	VBP
rid	JJ
of	IN
one	CD
you	PRP
still	RB
have	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
more	JJR
to	TO
get	VB
rid	JJ
of	IN
and	CC
one	CD
is	VBZ
just	RB
a	DT
drop	NN
in	IN
a	DT
bucket	NN
,	,
the	DT
difference	NN
with	IN
one	CD
less	JJR
weight	NN
is	VBZ
hardly	RB
noticable	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
takes	VBZ
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
time	NN
and	CC
energy	NN
to	TO
get	VB
all	PDT
the	DT
weights	NNS
off	RP
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
you	PRP
just	RB
ca	MD
n't	RB
take	VB
it	PRP
anymore	RB
and	CC
stop	VB
.	.
The	DT
health	NN
effects	NNS
are	VBP
great	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
barely	RB
breathe	VB
let	VB
alone	RB
take	VB
a	DT
flight	NN
of	IN
steps	NNS
without	IN
huffing	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
legs	NNS
and	CC
feet	NNS
always	RB
hurt	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
problem	NN
with	IN
one	CD
of	IN
my	PRP$
feet	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
sure	JJ
is	VBZ
partly	RB
due	JJ
to	TO
my	PRP$
excess	JJ
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
great	JJ
depressions	NNS
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
problem	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
easily	RB
discussed	VBN
with	IN
people	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
self	NN
esteem	NN
is	VBZ
so	RB
low	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
practically	RB
non-existent	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
truly	RB
disgust	NN
myself	PRP
.	.
The	DT
ramifications	NNS
of	IN
being	VBG
overweight	JJ
are	VBP
felt	VBN
everyday	JJ
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
more	JJR
ways	NNS
than	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
put	VB
down	RP
on	IN
paper	NN
in	IN
one	CD
night	NN
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
pain	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
chest	NN
I	PRP
always	RB
fear	VBP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
heart	NN
attack	NN
.	.
I	PRP
sometimes	RB
feel	VBP
like	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
die	VB
like	IN
this	DT
.	.
That	DT
should	MD
be	VB
all	PDT
the	DT
motivation	NN
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
become	VB
healthier	RBR
and	CC
eat	VB
correctly	RB
.	.
But	CC
it	PRP
just	RB
does	VBZ
n't	RB
happen	VB
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
have	VB
the	DT
best	JJS
intentions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
somehow	RB
something	NN
goes	VBZ
awry	RB
.	.
Leaving	VBG
me	PRP
with	IN
more	JJR
feelings	NNS
of	IN
despair	NN
and	CC
guilt	NN
.	.
Well	RB
I	PRP
hope	VBP
this	DT
gives	VBZ
you	PRP
into	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
consider	VBP
my	PRP$
``	``
private	JJ
hell	NN
''	''
.	.
My	PRP$
name	NN
is	VBZ
Kathy	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
share	VB
how	WRB
this	DT
has	VBZ
impacted	VBN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Compulsive	JJ
Overeating	NN
.	.
What	WP
a	DT
vile	JJ
phrase	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
ringer	NN
and	CC
back	RB
with	IN
this	DT
issue	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
finally	RB
come	VBN
to	TO
pass	VB
that	IN
this	DT
applies	VBZ
to	TO
me	PRP
if	IN
it	PRP
applies	VBZ
to	TO
anyone	NN
.	.
To	TO
me	PRP
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
disease	NN
where	WRB
a	DT
person	NN
has	VBZ
no	DT
control	NN
over	IN
their	PRP$
food	NN
intake	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
constant	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
a	DT
wanting	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
You	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
get	VB
enough	RB
,	,
sort	NN
of	IN
like	IN
a	DT
junkie	NN
looking	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
high	JJ
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
control	NN
.	.
I	PRP
consider	VBP
myself	PRP
intelligent	JJ
,	,
well	RB
schooled	VBN
in	IN
many	JJ
areas	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
what	WP
types	NNS
of	IN
things	NNS
I	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
eating	VBG
to	TO
maintain	VB
a	DT
healthy	JJ
lifestyle	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
just	RB
ca	MD
n't	RB
do	VB
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
understand	VB
why	WRB
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
.	.
I	PRP
'll	MD
eat	VB
because	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
bored	JJ
,	,
lonely	JJ
,	,
depressed	JJ
,	,
happy	JJ
,	,
stressed	VBD
out	RP
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
when	WRB
to	TO
stop	VB
.	.
However	RB
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
do	VBP
stop	VB
,	,
I	PRP
feel	VBP
horrible	JJ
.	.
So	RB
stuffed	VBN
I	PRP
can	MD
barely	RB
move	VB
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
continue	VBP
on	IN
this	DT
path	NN
of	IN
distruction	NN
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
live	VB
very	RB
much	RB
longer	RBR
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
through	IN
so	RB
many	JJ
diets	NNS
,	,
that	IN
I	PRP
start	VBP
to	TO
lose	VB
count	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
done	VBN
Jenny	NNP
Craig	NNP
,	,
Weight	NNP
Watchers	NNPS
,	,
Atkins	NNP
diet	NN
,	,
Slim	NNP
Fast	NNP
,	,
OA	NNP
,	,
fruit	NN
diet	NN
,	,
cabbage	NN
diet	NN
.	.
I	PRP
even	RB
went	VBD
to	TO
a	DT
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
center	NN
.	.
Actually	RB
,	,
I	PRP
lost	VBD
a	DT
good	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
at	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
center	NN
,	,
but	CC
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
became	VBD
an	DT
outpatient	NN
,	,
the	DT
weight	NN
crept	VBD
back	RB
on	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
then	RB
some	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
had	VBD
a	DT
weight	NN
problem	NN
my	PRP$
entire	JJ
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
teased	VBN
relentlessly	RB
in	IN
school	NN
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
it	PRP
hurt	VBD
tremendously	RB
but	CC
the	DT
kids	NNS
could	MD
never	RB
have	VB
said	VBD
anything	NN
worse	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
things	NNS
I	PRP
said	VBD
to	TO
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
reading	VBG
a	DT
checklist	NN
on	IN
this	DT
website	NN
about	IN
symptoms\/signs	NNS
of	IN
CO	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
met	VBD
practically	RB
every	DT
one	CD
of	IN
them	PRP
.	.
As	IN
I	PRP
went	VBD
further	RBR
down	IN
the	DT
list	NN
,	,
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
cry	VB
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
very	RB
painful	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
worst	JJS
thing	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
ever	RB
experienced	VBN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
like	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
failure	NN
in	IN
that	DT
I	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
control	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
feel	VB
better	RB
after	IN
having	VBG
said	VBD
this	DT
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
like	IN
a	DT
big	JJ
secret	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
hiding	VBG
in	IN
my	PRP$
closet	NN
.	.
Although	IN
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
sure	JJ
it	PRP
really	RB
is	VBZ
n't	RB
a	DT
secret	NN
to	TO
many	JJ
people	NNS
at	IN
all	DT
after	IN
seeing	VBG
me	PRP
on	IN
a	DT
daily	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
I	PRP
stumbled	VBD
on	IN
an	DT
article	NN
that	WDT
described	VBD
what	WP
CO	NNP
was	VBD
and	CC
I	PRP
could	MD
of	IN
written	VBN
it	PRP
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
realized	VBD
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
an	DT
emotional	JJ
disease	NN
.	.
I	PRP
figured	VBD
there	EX
was	VBD
something	NN
wrong	JJ
with	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
lost	VBD
count	NN
of	IN
how	WRB
many	JJ
times	NNS
I	PRP
tried	VBD
to	TO
`	``
diet	NN
'	''
only	RB
to	TO
fall	VB
short	JJ
.	.
How	WRB
many	JJ
times	NNS
I	PRP
called	VBD
myself	PRP
a	DT
loser	NN
with	IN
no	DT
willpower	NN
.	.
Wondered	JJ
why	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
weak	JJ
.	.
Why	WRB
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
handle	VB
it	PRP
.	.
All	PDT
the	DT
thoughts	NNS
I	PRP
'm	VBP
sure	JJ
many	JJ
other	JJ
people	NNS
had	VBD
.	.
Then	RB
,	,
there	EX
I	PRP
sat	VBD
,	,
reading	VBG
what	WP
other	JJ
people	NNS
were	VBD
going	VBG
through	IN
and	CC
realzing	VBG
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
same	JJ
thing	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
trying	VBG
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
since	IN
the	DT
9th	JJ
grade	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
32	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
right	RB
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
saying	VBG
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
need	VB
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
before	IN
the	DT
9th	JJ
grade	NN
.	.
That	DT
's	VBZ
when	WRB
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
should	MD
start	VB
doing	VBG
something	NN
about	IN
it	PRP
.	.
Joining	VBG
the	DT
same	JJ
group	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
ninth	JJ
grade	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
lost	VBN
count	NN
of	IN
how	WRB
many	JJ
times	NNS
I	PRP
've	VBP
joined	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
taken	VBN
me	PRP
almost	RB
a	DT
year	NN
to	TO
lose	VB
a	DT
little	JJ
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
keep	VBP
going	VBG
though	RB
.	.
We	PRP
weigh	VBP
in	IN
every	DT
week	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
need	VBP
that	DT
.	.
Need	VBN
to	TO
make	VB
myself	PRP
accountable	JJ
for	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
doing	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
learning	VBG
more	JJR
about	IN
myself	PRP
everyday	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
realize	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
too	RB
,	,
do	VBP
not	RB
deal	VB
well	RB
with	IN
emotions	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
heard	VBD
somewhere	RB
that	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
only	RB
two	CD
true	JJ
ones	NNS
.	.
Fear	NN
and	CC
Love	NNP
.	.
All	PDT
the	DT
negative	JJ
emotions	NNS
that	IN
a	DT
person	NN
can	MD
have	VB
comes	VBZ
from	IN
fear	NN
.	.
Whether	IN
it	PRP
be	VB
anger	NN
,	,
hurt	NN
,	,
depression	NN
.	.
Now	RB
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
feeling	VBG
angry	JJ
,	,
lonely	JJ
or	CC
confused	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
ask	VBP
myself	PRP
,	,
``	``
What	WP
are	VBP
you	PRP
afraid	JJ
of	IN
?	.
''	''
``	``
What	WP
are	VBP
you	PRP
trying	VBG
to	TO
protect	VB
yourself	PRP
from	IN
?	.
''	''
Food	NNP
was	VBD
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
avoiding	VBG
these	DT
negative	JJ
feelings	NNS
.	.
Now	RB
,	,
I	PRP
try	VBP
and	CC
deal	VBP
with	IN
them	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
doing	VBG
this	DT
on	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
n't	RB
joined	VBN
a	DT
support	NN
group	NN
.	.
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
figure	VB
out	RP
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
,	,
not	RB
have	VB
someone	NN
trying	VBG
to	TO
figure	VB
it	PRP
out	RP
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
still	RB
new	JJ
at	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
consider	VB
myself	PRP
on	IN
a	DT
diet	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
getting	VBG
to	TO
know	VB
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
Trying	VBG
not	RB
to	TO
supress	VB
it	PRP
.	.
Trying	VBG
not	RB
to	TO
binge	NN
.	.
Trying	VBG
to	TO
limit	VB
my	PRP$
portions	NNS
.	.
Trying	VBG
to	TO
decipher	VB
the	DT
mixed	JJ
signals	NNS
I	PRP
send	VBP
to	TO
myself	PRP
.	.
Trying	VBG
to	TO
tell	VB
myself	PRP
that	IN
food	NN
will	MD
not	RB
make	VB
the	DT
situation	NN
better	RB
.	.
That	DT
food	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
escape	NN
.	.
That	DT
any	DT
negative	JJ
feelings	NNS
I	PRP
have	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
deal	VB
with	IN
,	,
once	IN
I	PRP
figure	VBP
out	RP
what	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
and	CC
what	WP
they	PRP
mean	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
guess	VBP
the	DT
last	JJ
thing	NN
I	PRP
can	MD
say	VB
is	VBZ
that	IN
even	RB
when	WRB
the	DT
food	NN
is	VBZ
gone	VBN
.	.
The	DT
feelings	NNS
are	VBP
still	RB
there	RB
.	.
Maybe	RB
not	RB
immediately	RB
,	,
but	CC
they	PRP
are	VBP
there	RB
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
spent	VBN
almost	RB
my	PRP$
whole	JJ
life	NN
worrying	VBG
about	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
,	,
the	DT
control	NN
food	NN
has	VBZ
over	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
do	VB
it	PRP
anymore	RB
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
hide	VB
behind	IN
it	PRP
anymore	RB
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
know	VB
what	WP
's	VBZ
bothering	VBG
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
hide	VB
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
overeat	VBP
almost	RB
daily	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
loveless	JJ
marriage	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
mother	NN
has	VBZ
become	VBN
very	RB
critical	JJ
of	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
These	DT
two	CD
combine	VBP
to	TO
bash	VB
my	PRP$
self-esteem	NN
.	.
I	PRP
truly	RB
believe	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
looking	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
from	IN
food	NN
that	IN
feeling	NN
of	IN
happiness	NN
that	WDT
should	MD
come	VB
from	IN
my	PRP$
husband	NN
's	POS
love	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
mood	NN
of	IN
the	DT
day	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
affect	VB
binging	NN
.	.
I	PRP
binge	NN
when	WRB
happy	JJ
or	CC
sad	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
try	VBP
to	TO
hide	VB
it	PRP
,	,
but	CC
my	PRP$
husband	NN
notices	NNS
when	WRB
he	PRP
buys	VBZ
a	DT
gallon	NN
of	IN
ice	NN
cream	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
gone	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
couple	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
and	CC
he	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
get	VB
any	DT
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
tell	VBP
him	PRP
the	DT
kids	NNS
ate	VBD
it	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
lie	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
good	JJ
days	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
bad	JJ
days	NNS
!	.
If	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
alone	RB
in	IN
the	DT
house	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
worst	JJS
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
eat	VB
cookies	NNS
,	,
ice	NN
cream	NN
,	,
cereal	NN
...	:
etc.	FW
.	.
What	WP
ever	RB
is	VBZ
good	JJ
and	CC
full	JJ
of	IN
fat	JJ
.	.
If	IN
my	PRP$
husband	NN
is	VBZ
home	NN
I	PRP
sneak	VBP
food	NN
.	.
When	WRB
he	PRP
goes	VBZ
to	TO
get	VB
the	DT
mail	NN
I	PRP
stuff	VBP
a	DT
couple	NN
of	IN
cookies	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
mouth	NN
and	CC
when	WRB
he	PRP
gets	VBZ
back	RB
the	DT
proof	NN
is	VBZ
gone	VBN
!	.
I	PRP
act	VBP
like	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
not	RB
eaten	VBN
all	DT
day	NN
then	RB
suggest	VBP
we	PRP
go	VB
to	TO
dinner	NN
or	CC
to	TO
Dairy	NNP
Queen	NNP
,	,
when	WRB
really	RB
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
pounding	VBG
down	RP
the	DT
goodies	NNS
all	DT
day	NN
.	.
This	DT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
going	VBG
on	IN
for	IN
years	NNS
,	,
even	RB
before	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
married	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
gone	VBN
up	RP
&	CC
down	RP
in	IN
weight	NN
so	RB
much	RB
.	.
I	PRP
sometimes	RB
get	VB
to	TO
a	DT
point	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
eat	VB
and	CC
then	RB
throw	VB
it	PRP
up	RP
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
but	CC
,	,
at	IN
least	JJS
every	DT
few	JJ
months	NNS
I	PRP
go	VBP
through	IN
this	DT
,	,
or	CC
I	PRP
starve	VBP
myself	PRP
for	IN
days	NNS
and	CC
eat	VB
very	RB
little	JJ
and	CC
then	RB
throw	VB
it	PRP
up	RB
and	CC
do	VB
this	DT
till	IN
I	PRP
reach	VBP
an	DT
OK	JJ
weight	NN
or	CC
until	IN
someone	NN
says	VBZ
you	PRP
look	VBP
like	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
lost	VBN
some	DT
weight	NN
and	CC
then	RB
the	DT
food	NN
starts	VBZ
again	RB
!	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
stop	VB
these	DT
thing	NN
I	PRP
do	VBP
to	TO
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
rather	RB
be	VB
thin	JJ
than	IN
to	TO
give	VB
it	PRP
up	RP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
tried	VBN
all	DT
diets	NNS
&	CC
pills	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
I	PRP
am	VBP
sorry	JJ
for	IN
taking	VBG
because	RB
of	IN
my	PRP$
problems	NNS
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
new	JJ
diet	NN
drugs	NNS
!	.
!	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
I	PRP
have	VBP
tried	VBN
to	TO
get	VB
a	DT
tummy	NN
tuck	VB
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
breast	NN
reduction	NN
,	,
I	PRP
take	VBP
pills	NNS
like	IN
No	DT
Doz	NN
and	CC
things	NNS
only	RB
work	VBP
for	IN
so	RB
long	JJ
.	.
Then	RB
I	PRP
start	VBP
eating	VBG
a	DT
lot	NN
again	RB
.	.
Anyway	RB
,	,
maybe	RB
because	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
38	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
I	PRP
have	VBP
come	VBN
to	TO
see	VB
my	PRP$
weight	NN
as	IN
more	JJR
of	IN
a	DT
physical	JJ
handicap	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
like	VB
being	VBG
fat	JJ
,	,
and	CC
am	VBP
now	RB
down	RB
to	TO
335	CD
.	.
I	PRP
recognize	VBP
the	DT
emotional	JJ
side	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
fat	JJ
,	,
have	VB
had	VBD
the	DT
depression	NN
,	,
the	DT
self	NN
loathing	NN
,	,
and	CC
let	VB
it	PRP
rule	VB
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
made	VBD
my	PRP$
choices	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
could	MD
and	CC
could	MD
n't	RB
do	VB
because	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
fat	NN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
about	IN
30	CD
,	,
I	PRP
decided	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
let	VB
other	JJ
peoples	NNS
ignorance	NN
and	CC
prejudices	NNS
rob	VBP
me	PRP
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
swam	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
started	VBD
school	NN
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
whatever	WDT
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
.	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
awhile	RB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
even	RB
met	VBD
a	DT
man	NN
who	WP
cared	VBD
about	IN
me	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
person	NN
,	,
not	RB
as	IN
a	DT
body	NN
.	.
Somewhere	RB
this	DT
must	MD
spell	VB
the	DT
start	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
though	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
exactly	RB
sure	JJ
where	WRB
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
know	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
recognize	VB
ignorance	NN
in	IN
other	JJ
people	NNS
and	CC
not	RB
accept	VB
their	PRP$
judgment	NN
as	IN
my	PRP$
definition	NN
.	.
Very	RB
freeing	VBG
.	.
My	PRP$
current	JJ
weightloss	NN
feels	VBZ
very	RB
comfortable	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
think	VBP
I	PRP
am	VBP
finally	RB
ready	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
using	VBG
Redux	NNP
,	,
have	VBP
had	VBN
no	DT
side	NN
effects	NNS
,	,
and	CC
am	VBP
very	RB
happy	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
results	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
find	VBP
that	IN
it	PRP
helps	VBZ
with	IN
the	DT
obsession	NN
about	IN
food	NN
,	,
almost	RB
more	JJR
of	IN
a	DT
``	``
psych	NN
''	''
drug	NN
than	IN
any	DT
kind	NN
of	IN
appetite	NN
suppressant	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
used	VBN
before	IN
.	.
No	DT
speedy	JJ
feeling	NN
.	.
At	IN
first	JJ
I	PRP
kinda	VBP
thought	VBN
using	VBG
Redux	NNP
was	VBD
cheating	NN
,	,
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
n't	RB
dealt	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
underlying	VBG
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
,	,
but	CC
now	RB
I	PRP
wonder	VBP
if	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
n't	RB
been	VBN
more	JJR
an	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
brain	NN
chemistry	NN
and	CC
less	JJR
of	IN
a	DT
character	NN
defect	NN
all	DT
along	IN
.	.
Just	RB
my	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
.	.
For	IN
a	DT
person	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
never	RB
suffered	VBN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
the	DT
best	JJS
way	NN
to	TO
understand	VB
the	DT
``	``
voices	NNS
''	''
is	VBZ
to	TO
imagine	VB
your	PRP$
own	JJ
self-dialogue	JJ
.	.
Have	NNP
you	PRP
ever	RB
made	VBD
a	DT
mistake	NN
and	CC
berated	VBD
yourself	PRP
,	,
in	IN
thought	NN
,	,
for	IN
it	PRP
?	.
Have	NNP
you	PRP
ever	RB
had	VBD
a	DT
hard	JJ
time	NN
making	VBG
a	DT
decision	NN
,	,
and	CC
you	PRP
mulled	VBD
over	IN
all	DT
the	DT
pros	NNS
and	CC
cons	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
mind	NN
?	.
Imagine	VB
that	DT
your	PRP$
own	JJ
self-thinking	NN
and	CC
thoughts	NNS
about	IN
yourself	PRP
were	VBD
nothing	NN
but	CC
negative	JJ
,	,
and	CC
imagine	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
felt	VBD
like	IN
the	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
get	VB
rid	JJ
of	IN
that	DT
negative	JJ
``	``
voice	NN
''	''
was	VBD
by	IN
thinking	VBG
about	IN
food	NN
,	,
weight	NN
and	CC
eating	NN
.	.
As	IN
someone	NN
battling	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
so	RB
much	JJ
confusion	NN
in	IN
hearing	VBG
these	DT
``	``
voices	NNS
''	''
...	:
they	PRP
speak	VBP
from	IN
a	DT
place	NN
within	IN
us	PRP
that	DT
is	VBZ
filled	VBN
with	IN
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
,	,
that	WDT
wants	VBZ
to	TO
believe	VB
we	PRP
deserve	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
happy	JJ
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
believe	VB
that	IN
we	PRP
are	VBP
worthless	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
heard	VBN
them	PRP
described	VBD
as	IN
``	``
loud	JJ
thoughts	NNS
''	''
,	,
``	``
my	PRP$
own	JJ
head	NN
''	''
and	CC
as	IN
``	``
a	DT
voice\/voices	NNS
''	''
.	.
They	PRP
speak	VBP
those	DT
things	NNS
that	WDT
convince	VBP
us	PRP
we	PRP
're	VBP
stupid	JJ
,	,
worthless	JJ
,	,
deserving	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
unhappy	JJ
,	,
not	RB
to	TO
eat	VB
,	,
to	TO
keep	VB
eating	VBG
or	CC
that	IN
we	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
get	VB
rid	JJ
of	IN
what	WP
we	PRP
ate	VBD
.	.
They	PRP
tell	VBP
us	PRP
``	``
the	DT
world	NN
would	MD
be	VB
better	RB
without	IN
you	PRP
.	.
''	''
They	PRP
come	VBP
from	IN
that	DT
place	NN
within	IN
us	PRP
plagued	VBD
with	IN
negativity	NN
and	CC
self-hate	NN
,	,
encouraging	VBG
us	PRP
to	TO
continue	VB
with	IN
our	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
and	CC
convincing	VBG
us	PRP
that	IN
we	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
deserve	VB
recovery	NN
,	,
that	IN
we	PRP
deserve	VBP
a	DT
life	NN
of	IN
pain	NN
.	.
The	DT
voices	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
also	RB
convince	VBP
us	PRP
we	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
will	MD
power	NN
,	,
that	IN
we	PRP
are	VBP
weak	JJ
when	WRB
we	PRP
've	VBP
eaten	VBN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
no	DT
one	NN
will	MD
ever	RB
love	VB
us	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
harass	VBP
us	PRP
with	IN
guilt	NN
and	CC
even	RB
berate	VB
us	PRP
for	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
behavior	NN
itself	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
no	DT
wonder	NN
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
so	RB
difficult	JJ
and	CC
such	JJ
hard	JJ
work	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
battling	VBG
with	IN
ourselves	PRP
over	IN
what	WP
we	PRP
are	VBP
convinced	VBN
we	PRP
deserve	VBP
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
that	IN
our	PRP$
negative	JJ
voices	NNS
keep	VBP
reminding	VBG
us	PRP
of	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
as	IN
opposed	VBN
to	TO
what	WP
we	PRP
truly	RB
do	VBP
deserve	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
recovery	NN
,	,
happiness	NN
and	CC
self-love	NN
!	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Learning	NNP
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
the	DT
voices	NNS
is	VBZ
a	DT
difficult	JJ
task	NN
...	:
learning	VBG
to	TO
not	RB
listen	VB
to	TO
them	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
like	IN
killing	VBG
your	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
confusing	JJ
and	CC
scary	JJ
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
cases	NNS
our	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
have	VBP
kept	VBN
us	PRP
focused	VBD
off	IN
of	IN
ourselves	PRP
and	CC
emotions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
we	PRP
stop	VBP
listening	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
voices	NNS
,	,
well	RB
then	RB
what	WP
will	MD
feed	VB
our	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
?	.
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
essential	JJ
ingredients	NNS
to	TO
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
learning	VBG
to	TO
love	VB
yourself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
voices	NNS
fight	VB
hard	JJ
to	TO
keep	VB
that	IN
from	IN
happening	VBG
.	.
Once	RB
we	PRP
can	MD
all	DT
conquer	VB
the	DT
voice	NN
or	CC
voices	NNS
inside	IN
of	IN
us	PRP
that	IN
continue	VBP
to	TO
reinforce	VB
our	PRP$
negativity	NN
,	,
we	PRP
will	MD
find	VB
our	PRP$
path	NN
to	TO
the	DT
other	JJ
side	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
read	VB
more	RBR
about	IN
the	DT
negative	JJ
voices	NNS
here	RB
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
Mirror-Mirror	NNP
Website	NNP
by	IN
Colleen	NNP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
the	DT
loved-one	NN
of	IN
someone	NN
suffering	NN
,	,
remember	VBP
what	WP
you	PRP
've	VBP
read	VBN
here	RB
and	CC
on	IN
Colleen	NNP
's	POS
site	NN
...	:
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
support	VB
those	DT
suffering	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
with	IN
love	NN
,	,
encouragement	NN
and	CC
positivity	NN
,	,
and	CC
not	RB
to	TO
feed	VB
their	PRP$
negative	JJ
voice	NN
with	IN
guilt	NN
or	CC
belittling	VBG
.	.
Also	RB
read	VB
the	DT
section	NN
,	,
What	WP
You	PRP
Can	MD
Do	VB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
sufferer	NN
to	TO
be	VB
hearing	VBG
actual	JJ
voices	NNS
,	,
as	IN
a	DT
schizophrenic	JJ
does	VBZ
--	:
in	IN
this	DT
case	NN
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
caused	VBN
by	IN
extreme	JJ
malnutrition	NN
or	CC
dehydration	NN
,	,
or	CC
some	DT
other	JJ
underlying	VBG
psychiatric	JJ
condition	NN
.	.
In	IN
most	JJS
cases	NNS
,	,
the	DT
most	RBS
common	JJ
use	NN
for	IN
the	DT
term	NN
``	``
voices	NNS
''	''
is	VBZ
as	IN
I	PRP
've	VBP
described	VBN
above	IN
,	,
but	CC
in	IN
cases	NNS
where	WRB
a	DT
sufferer	NN
may	MD
actually	RB
be	VB
having	VBG
auditory	NN
hallucinations	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
addressed	VBN
by	IN
hospitalization	NN
for	IN
malnutrition	NN
or	CC
by	IN
psychiatric	JJ
medication	NN
.	.
Hallucinations	NNS
can	MD
also	RB
be	VB
an	DT
uncommon	JJ
side-effect	NN
of	IN
some	DT
medications	NNS
.	.
Click	VB
here	RB
to	TO
read	VB
how	WRB
auditory	JJ
hallucinations	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
psychiatric	JJ
conditions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
may	MD
cause	VB
them	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
all	RB
too	RB
common	JJ
for	IN
people	NNS
living	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
mild	JJ
to	TO
severe	JJ
distorted	JJ
perception	NN
of	IN
themselves	PRP
.	.
What	WP
is	VBZ
seen	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
is	VBZ
n't	RB
reality	NN
,	,
and	CC
when	WRB
they	PRP
compare	VBP
their	PRP$
physical	JJ
or	CC
personality	NN
attributes	NNS
to	TO
others	NNS
they	PRP
are	VBP
extrememly	RB
judgemental	JJ
of	IN
themselves	PRP
.	.
A	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
or	CC
Bulimia	NNP
may	MD
see	VB
another	DT
person	NN
and	CC
think	VB
``	``
I	PRP
wish	VBP
I	PRP
could	MD
be	VB
as	IN
skinny	NN
as	IN
them	PRP
''	''
and	CC
in	IN
reality	NN
,	,
may	MD
actually	RB
be	VB
thinner	JJR
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
wish	VB
to	TO
be	VB
as	RB
smart	JJ
,	,
as	IN
funny	JJ
or	CC
as	IN
compassionate	JJ
as	IN
another	DT
person	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
equally	RB
as	RB
good	JJ
as	RB
--	:
the	DT
bottom	JJ
line	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
see	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
good	JJ
traits	NNS
,	,
especially	RB
in	IN
comparison	NN
to	TO
others	NNS
,	,
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
they	PRP
have	VBP
of	IN
themselves	PRP
.	.
Thinking	VBG
that	DT
bad	JJ
situations	NNS
or	CC
feelings	NNS
are	VBP
the	DT
complete	JJ
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
world	NN
,	,
and	CC
good	JJ
situations	NNS
or	CC
emotions	NNS
are	VBP
as	IN
bright	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
sun	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
stability	NN
or	CC
``	``
normalized	VBN
''	''
thinking	VBG
with	IN
a	DT
middle	JJ
ground	NN
,	,
but	CC
harsh	JJ
swings	NNS
from	IN
one	CD
extreme	NN
to	TO
another	DT
.	.
Combined	VBN
with	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
irrational	JJ
behavior	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
not	RB
okay	JJ
for	IN
others	NNS
,	,
but	CC
okay	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
A	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
times	NNS
,	,
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
unfairly	RB
personalize	VBP
the	DT
actions	NNS
around	IN
them	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
think	VB
that	IN
everything	NN
someone	NN
says	VBZ
or	CC
does	VBZ
in	IN
some	DT
way	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
reflection	NN
of	IN
them	PRP
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
:	:
If	IN
during	IN
a	DT
group	NN
conversation	NN
one	CD
individual	NN
walks	VBZ
away	RB
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
the	DT
bathroom	NN
,	,
the	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
may	MD
think	VB
``	``
they	PRP
left	VBD
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
acting	VBG
stupid	JJ
again	RB
.	.
''	''
There	EX
is	VBZ
also	RB
the	DT
feeling	NN
that	IN
``	``
everyone	NN
hates	VBZ
me	PRP
,	,
''	''
or	CC
only	RB
hangs	VBZ
around	RB
because	IN
they	PRP
feel	VBP
sorry	JJ
for	IN
them	PRP
,	,
or	CC
are	VBP
just	RB
being	VBG
polite	JJ
.	.
Compliments	NNS
are	VBP
seen	VBN
as	IN
polite	JJ
gestures	NNS
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
truly	RB
compliments	NNS
,	,
and	CC
are	VBP
often	RB
met	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
invalidating	VBG
remark	NN
about	IN
themselves	PRP
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
:	:
someone	NN
compliments	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
sufferers	NNS
achievement	NN
and	CC
they	PRP
reply	VBP
,	,
``	``
no	DT
really	RB
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
so	RB
stupid	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
should	MD
have	VB
seen	VBN
how	WRB
badly	RB
I	PRP
screwed	VBD
up	RP
last	JJ
week	NN
...	:
''	''
People	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNS
take	VBP
on	RP
unfair	JJ
burdens	NNS
of	IN
control	NN
for	IN
the	DT
world	NN
around	IN
them	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
feel	VB
responsible	JJ
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
world	NN
a	DT
better	JJR
place	NN
,	,
to	TO
want	VB
to	TO
cure	VB
the	DT
ills	NNS
of	IN
everyone	NN
,	,
and	CC
when	WRB
they	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
,	,
punish	VBP
themselves	PRP
with	IN
self-hate	NN
remarks	NNS
and	CC
actions	NNS
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
often	RB
a	DT
strong	JJ
need	NN
to	TO
control	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
lives	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
lives	NNS
of	IN
people	NNS
around	IN
them	PRP
,	,
and	CC
when	WRB
they	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
,	,
think	VB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
unfair	JJ
and	CC
take	VB
it	PRP
out	RP
on	IN
themselves	PRP
.	.
Self-blame	NN
can	MD
be	VB
another	DT
aspect	NN
...	:
the	DT
sufferer	NN
may	MD
blame	VB
themself	NN
for	IN
everything	NN
bad	JJ
that	WDT
has	VBZ
ever	RB
happened	VBN
to	TO
them	PRP
,	,
believing	VBG
that	IN
in	IN
some	DT
way	NN
they	PRP
deserved	VBD
it	PRP
;	:
ie.	FW
,	,
``	``
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
abused	VBD
me	PRP
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
horrible	JJ
kid	NN
.	.
''	''
On	IN
the	DT
contrary	NN
,	,
they	PRP
may	MD
also	RB
blame	VB
others	NNS
for	IN
everything	NN
and	CC
take	VB
no	DT
responsibility	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
lives	NNS
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
:	:
``	``
if	IN
you	PRP
'd	MD
been	VBN
there	RB
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
have	VB
purged	VBN
.	.
''	''
People	NNS
living	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
have	VBP
a	DT
hard	JJ
time	NN
being	VBG
optimistic	JJ
about	IN
any	DT
aspect	NN
of	IN
a	DT
situation	NN
or	CC
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
Everything	NN
seems	VBZ
negative	JJ
in	IN
one	CD
way	NN
or	CC
another	DT
,	,
or	CC
they	PRP
only	RB
pick	VBP
the	DT
negative	JJ
to	TO
focus	VB
on	IN
.	.
In	IN
comparison	NN
to	TO
others	NNS
,	,
someone	NN
else	RB
who	WP
achieves	VBZ
something	NN
is	VBZ
considered	VBN
great	JJ
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
same	JJ
achievement	NN
for	IN
themselves	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
met	VBN
with	IN
negativity	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
it	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
done	VBN
better	RBR
.	.
Though	IN
the	DT
world	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
seen	VBN
as	IN
perfect	JJ
and	CC
others	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
expected	VBN
to	TO
act	VB
as	IN
such	JJ
,	,
the	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
may	MD
have	VB
high	JJ
expectations	NNS
of	IN
perfection	NN
for	IN
themselves	PRP
.	.
Bulimia	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
``	``
life	NN
will	MD
be	VB
better	JJR
and	CC
I	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
happy	JJ
when	WRB
I	PRP
lose	VBP
the	DT
weight	NN
.	.
''	''
There	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
false	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
control	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
achieved	VBN
during	IN
self-starvation\/restriction	NN
,	,
a	DT
feeling	NN
of	IN
comfort	NN
when	WRB
binging	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
temporary	JJ
release	NN
of	IN
emotions	NNS
and	CC
guilt	NN
during	IN
purging	VBG
...	:
In	IN
reality	NN
none	NN
of	IN
the	DT
above	JJ
has	VBZ
been	VBN
achieved	VBN
except	IN
within	IN
the	DT
sufferer	NN
's	POS
perception	NN
.	.
``	``
They	PRP
''	''
think	VBP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
a	DT
bad	JJ
person	NN
.	.
``	``
They	PRP
''	''
wo	MD
n't	RB
like	VB
me	PRP
.	.
``	``
They	PRP
''	''
do	VBP
n't	RB
understand	VB
me	PRP
.	.
``	``
They	PRP
''	''
think	VBP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
fat	JJ
.	.
``	``
They	PRP
''	''
wo	MD
n't	RB
think	VB
I	PRP
deserve	VBP
help	NN
.	.
``	``
They	PRP
''	''
wo	MD
n't	RB
think	VB
I	PRP
really	RB
need	VBP
help	NN
.	.
``	``
They	PRP
''	''
think	VBP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
stupid	JJ
.	.
``	``
They	PRP
''	''
think	VB
my	PRP$
problems	NNS
are	VBP
stupid	JJ
.	.
``	``
They	PRP
''	''
think	VBP
I	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
over	IN
this	DT
by	IN
now	RB
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
``	``
they	PRP
''	''
is	VBZ
your	PRP$
own	JJ
negative	JJ
voice	NN
.	.
When	WRB
in	IN
the	DT
throws	VBZ
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
because	IN
of	IN
a	DT
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
easy	JJ
to	TO
come	VB
to	TO
the	DT
conclusion	NN
that	IN
``	``
they	PRP
''	''
must	MD
really	RB
hate	VB
you	PRP
,	,
not	RB
understand	VB
you	PRP
,	,
think	VB
you	PRP
're	VBP
a	DT
burden	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
etc.	FW
,	,
when	WRB
often	RB
``	``
they	PRP
''	''
is	VBZ
your	PRP$
own	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
feeling	VBG
unworthy	JJ
.	.
None	NN
of	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
genuine	JJ
conflicts	NNS
with	IN
other	JJ
people	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
...	:
that	WDT
may	MD
very	RB
well	RB
be	VB
the	DT
case	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
important	JJ
through	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
self-discovery	NN
and	CC
recovery	NN
to	TO
question	VB
your	PRP$
perceptions	NNS
--	:
to	TO
ask	VB
if	IN
`	``
they	PRP
'	''
is	VBZ
really	RB
nothing	NN
more	JJR
than	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
negative	JJ
thoughts	NNS
.	.
Ask	JJ
yourself	PRP
if	IN
`	``
they	PRP
'	''
is	VBZ
really	RB
a	DT
statement	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
distorted	JJ
perception	NN
.	.
An	DT
example	NN
:	:
Let	VB
's	POS
say	VB
you	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
argument	NN
with	IN
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
friends	NNS
.	.
Your	PRP$
friends	NNS
are	VBP
concerned	VBN
about	IN
you	PRP
,	,
but	CC
you	PRP
say	VBP
to	TO
yourself	PRP
``	``
they	PRP
really	RB
hate	VBP
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
just	RB
a	DT
burden	NN
to	TO
them	PRP
.	.
''	''
Is	VBZ
this	DT
true	JJ
?	.
Are	VBP
you	PRP
really	RB
a	DT
burden	NN
and	CC
they	PRP
hate	VBP
you	PRP
?	.
Or	CC
is	VBZ
it	PRP
that	IN
you	PRP
,	,
yourself	PRP
,	,
are	VBP
convinced	VBN
of	IN
that	DT
,	,
when	WRB
really	RB
your	PRP$
friends	NNS
care	VBP
about	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
are	VBP
just	RB
worried	VBN
for	IN
your	PRP$
health	NN
?	.
An	DT
example	NN
:	:
Let	VB
's	POS
say	VB
someone	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
hurts	VBZ
you	PRP
in	IN
some	DT
way	NN
,	,
either	CC
emotionally	RB
or	CC
physically	RB
.	.
You	PRP
say	VBP
to	TO
yourself	PRP
``	``
they	PRP
all	DT
thinks	VBZ
it	PRP
's	VBZ
my	PRP$
fault	NN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
everyone	NN
thinks	VBZ
I	PRP
'm	VBP
to	TO
blame	VB
.	.
''	''
Is	VBZ
this	DT
true	JJ
?	.
Are	VBP
you	PRP
really	RB
to	TO
blame	VB
for	IN
the	DT
hurtful	JJ
actions	NNS
of	IN
another	DT
person	NN
?	.
Or	CC
is	VBZ
it	PRP
that	IN
you	PRP
,	,
yourself	PRP
,	,
are	VBP
convinced	VBN
of	IN
that	DT
,	,
when	WRB
really	RB
you	PRP
were	VBD
genuinely	RB
hurt	VBN
by	IN
someone	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
having	VBG
a	DT
hard	JJ
time	NN
validating	VBG
your	PRP$
own	JJ
pain	NN
?	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
possible	JJ
examples	NNS
of	IN
when	WRB
you	PRP
might	MD
use	VB
``	``
they	PRP
''	''
statements	NNS
when	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
really	RB
referring	VBG
to	TO
how	WRB
YOU	PRP
feel	VBP
about	IN
something	NN
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
making	VBG
``	``
they	PRP
''	''
statements	NNS
,	,
ask	VB
yourself	PRP
``	``
is	VBZ
this	DT
true	JJ
?	.
''	''
As	IN
yourself	PRP
,	,
``	``
is	VBZ
this	DT
true	JJ
,	,
or	CC
is	VBZ
it	PRP
how	WRB
I	PRP
feel	VBP
?	.
''	''
This	DT
is	VBZ
one	CD
key	NN
to	TO
combatting	VBG
your	PRP$
own	JJ
distorted	JJ
perceptions	NNS
and	CC
negative	JJ
voices	NNS
.	.
Using	VBG
``	``
they	PRP
''	''
statements	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
attempt	VB
to	TO
communicate	VB
your	PRP$
own	JJ
pain	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
own	JJ
confusion	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
own	JJ
anger	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
other	JJ
emotion	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
problem	NN
is	VBZ
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
confusing	VBG
to	TO
those	DT
supporting	VBG
you	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
puts	VBZ
the	DT
responsbility	NN
of	IN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
your	PRP$
emotions	NNS
back	RB
onto	IN
you	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
puts	VBZ
the	DT
responsibility	NN
back	RB
on	IN
you	PRP
in	IN
how	WRB
you	PRP
will	MD
cope	VB
with	IN
any	DT
response	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
emotions	NNS
from	IN
other	JJ
people	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
scary	JJ
.	.
Sometimes	RB
it	PRP
seems	VBZ
easier	JJR
to	TO
blame	VB
``	``
them	PRP
''	''
,	,
than	IN
to	TO
own	VB
up	RP
to	TO
how	WRB
YOU	PRP
really	RB
feel	VBP
.	.
Be	VB
willing	JJ
to	TO
challenge	VB
your	PRP$
own	JJ
negative	JJ
thinking	NN
and	CC
distorted	JJ
perceptions	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
have	VB
any	DT
problems	NNS
with	IN
either	RB
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
highly	RB
unlikely	JJ
you	PRP
'd	MD
have	VB
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
communicate	VB
through	IN
,	,
hide	VB
behind	RB
and	CC
cope	VB
with	IN
your	PRP$
emotions	NNS
by	IN
using	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
uncommon	JJ
to	TO
find	VB
an	DT
Anorexic	JJ
or	CC
Bulimic	JJ
who	WP
feels	VBZ
``	``
high	JJ
''	''
after	IN
periods	NNS
of	IN
starvation	NN
or	CC
purging	VBG
.	.
Compulsive	JJ
Overeaters	NNS
often	RB
feel	VBP
the	DT
exact	JJ
opposite	NN
;	:
lack	NN
of	IN
power	NN
and	CC
a	DT
loss	NN
of	IN
control	NN
.	.
See	VB
also	RB
``	``
Power	NNP
''	''
below	IN
.	.
Low	NNP
Self	NNP
Esteem	NNP
.	.
Feelings	NNS
of	IN
inadequacy	NN
.	.
Poor	NNP
self	NN
image	NN
and	CC
perception	NN
.	.
Guilt	NN
,	,
feelings	NNS
like	IN
``	``
I	PRP
never	RB
do	VBP
anything	NN
right	RB
.	.
''	''
Fears	NNS
of	IN
being	VBG
stared	VBN
at	IN
,	,
judged	VBN
or	CC
being	VBG
thought	VBN
of	IN
as	IN
stupid	JJ
.	.
Feelings	NNS
like	IN
``	``
nothing	NN
I	PRP
ever	RB
do	VBP
is	VBZ
enough	RB
.	.
''	''
It	PRP
is	VBZ
common	JJ
for	IN
Anorexics	NNPS
and	CC
Bulimics	NNPS
to	TO
be	VB
perfectionists	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
they	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
achieve	VB
perfection	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
endeavors	NNS
they	PRP
unrealistically	RB
blame	VBP
and	CC
find	VBP
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
``	``
punish	VB
''	''
themselves	PRP
by	IN
restriction	NN
or	CC
starvation	NN
,	,
or	CC
binging	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
.	.
Compulsive	JJ
Overeaters	NNS
tend	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
perceived	VBN
as	IN
unmotivated	JJ
and	CC
lazy	JJ
when	WRB
in	IN
essence	NN
they	PRP
are	VBP
often	RB
depressed	JJ
and	CC
isolated	JJ
.	.
In	IN
their	PRP$
need	NN
for	IN
affection	NN
they	PRP
often	RB
fill	VBP
the	DT
void	NN
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
Deception	NN
.	.
Lying	VBG
about	IN
food	NN
intake	NN
or	CC
lack	NN
there-of	JJ
.	.
Lying	VBG
to	TO
avoid	VB
eating	VBG
or	CC
to	TO
sneak	VB
food	NN
.	.
Hidden	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
laxatives	NNS
,	,
diuretics	NNS
and	CC
purging	VBG
.	.
The	DT
deception	NN
and	CC
lying	VBG
help	NN
the	DT
sufferer	NN
to	TO
maintain	VB
a	DT
feeling	NN
of	IN
control	NN
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
often	RB
then	RB
not	RB
they	PRP
feel	VBP
tremendous	JJ
guilt	NN
and	CC
self-hate	NN
for	IN
it	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
feeding	VBG
back	RB
into	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
behavior	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Frequent	JJ
Headaches	NNS
due	JJ
to	TO
lowered	VBN
blood	NN
pressure	NN
and	CC
decreased	VBD
oxygen	NN
supply	NN
to	TO
brain	NN
.	.
Always	RB
Cold	NNP
caused	VBN
by	IN
:	:
loss	NN
of	IN
insulating	VBG
layer	NN
of	IN
fat	JJ
and\/or	CC
decreased	VBD
circulation	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
lowered	VBN
blood	NN
pressure	NN
and	CC
slowed	VBD
heart	NN
rate	NN
;	:
and	CC
a	DT
slowed	VBD
metabolism	NN
.	.
Bruised	VBN
or	CC
Callused	VBN
Knuckles	NNPS
and	CC
Fingers	NNP
.	.
From	IN
sticking	VBG
fingers	NNS
in	IN
mouth	NN
and	CC
down	IN
throat	NN
to	TO
induce	VB
omitting	NN
.	.
Soar	VB
throat	NN
and\/or	CC
swollen	JJ
glands	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
irritation	NN
the	DT
stomach	NN
acid	NN
causes	VBZ
during	IN
purging	VBG
.	.
Dry	NNP
Skin	NNP
,	,
Brittle	NNP
Hair	NNP
and	CC
Hair	NNP
Loss	NN
.	.
Malnutrition	NN
and	CC
hormonal	JJ
imbalances	NNS
.	.
Hair	NN
Growth	NN
on	IN
face	NN
,	,
back	RB
and	CC
arms	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
fine	JJ
hair	NN
called	VBN
Lanugo	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Hormonal	JJ
imbalances	NNS
.	.
While	IN
genetic	JJ
and	CC
biological	JJ
predispositions	NNS
in	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
are	VBP
important	JJ
to	TO
explore	VB
,	,
for	IN
each	DT
individual	JJ
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
wide	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
reasons	NNS
for	IN
developing	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
A	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
of	IN
research	NN
in	IN
recent	JJ
years	NNS
has	VBZ
indicated	VBN
that	IN
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
genetic	JJ
factors	NNS
that	WDT
contribute	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
onset	NN
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
emotional	JJ
,	,
behavioral	JJ
and	CC
environmental	JJ
reasons	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
play	VB
significant	JJ
roles	NNS
,	,
but	CC
that	IN
for	IN
some	DT
,	,
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
genetic	JJ
predisposition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
or	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
.	.
Serotonin	NNP
is	VBZ
involved	VBN
in	IN
many	JJ
behaviors	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
hunger	NN
,	,
sleep	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
response	NN
,	,
impulse	NN
control	NN
,	,
aggressive	JJ
behavior	NN
and	CC
anger	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
and	CC
perception	NN
.	.
Abnormally	RB
low	JJ
levels	NNS
of	IN
serotonin	NN
might	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
in	IN
someone	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
suicidal	JJ
,	,
who	WP
is	VBZ
particularly	RB
agressive	JJ
towards	IN
others	NNS
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
person	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
extremely	RB
depressed	JJ
.	.
High	JJ
levels	NNS
of	IN
serotonin	NN
may	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
person	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
in	IN
a	DT
constant	JJ
state	NN
of	IN
anxiety	NN
,	,
has	VBZ
a	DT
tendency	NN
to	TO
be	VB
over-exacting	JJ
in	IN
completely	RB
tasks	NNS
,	,
who	WP
suffers	VBZ
insomnia	NN
,	,
or	CC
who	WP
has	VBZ
a	DT
tendency	NN
to	TO
feel	VB
overly	RB
stimulated	VBN
by	IN
their	PRP$
surroundings	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
overwhelmed	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Low	NNP
levels	NNS
of	IN
serotonin	NN
,	,
which	WDT
could	MD
contribute	VB
to	TO
a	DT
person	NN
's	POS
sense	NN
of	IN
depression	NN
,	,
are	VBP
in	IN
theory	NN
,	,
increased	VBN
during	IN
episodes	NNS
of	IN
binging	NN
,	,
making	VBG
the	DT
person	NN
actually	RB
feel	VB
better	JJR
.	.
As	IN
theorized	VBN
,	,
binging	NN
on	IN
sweets	NNS
,	,
starches	NNS
or	CC
carbohydrates	NNS
would	MD
increase	VB
serotonin	NN
and	CC
produce	VB
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
well-being	NN
.	.
The	DT
exact	JJ
opposite	NN
would	MD
be	VB
true	JJ
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
self-starvation	NN
or	CC
restriction	NN
.	.
If	IN
too	RB
much	JJ
serotonin	NN
is	VBZ
present	JJ
,	,
this	DT
may	MD
create	VB
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
perpetual	JJ
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
theory	NN
,	,
by	IN
reducing	VBG
the	DT
intake	NN
of	IN
calories	NNS
to	TO
starvation	NN
level	NN
,	,
the	DT
result	NN
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
calming	JJ
or	CC
sense	NN
of	IN
regaining	VBG
control	NN
.	.
In	IN
other	JJ
words	NNS
,	,
those	DT
with	IN
low	JJ
or	CC
high	JJ
levels	NNS
of	IN
serotonin	NN
may	MD
feel	VB
``	``
driven	VBN
''	''
towards	IN
eating	VBG
or	CC
not	RB
eating	VBG
as	IN
they	PRP
consciously	RB
or	CC
subconsciously	RB
realize	VBP
it	PRP
actually	RB
makes	VBZ
them	PRP
feel	VB
better	JJR
emotionally	RB
,	,
because	IN
of	IN
a	DT
physical	JJ
response	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
brain	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
very	RB
important	JJ
to	TO
note	VB
that	IN
the	DT
act	NN
of	IN
restricting	VBG
,	,
and	CC
binging	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
with	IN
or	CC
without	IN
purging	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
can	MD
also	RB
lead	VB
to	TO
a	DT
disruption	NN
in	IN
serotonin	NN
levels	NNS
,	,
thus	RB
contributing	VBG
to	TO
an	DT
already	RB
existing	VBG
problem	NN
,	,
or	CC
creating	VBG
a	DT
completely	RB
new	JJ
one	CD
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
.	.
This	DT
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
depression	NN
and	CC
anxiety	NN
,	,
which	WDT
are	VBP
known	JJ
side	NN
effects	NNS
of	IN
malnutrition	NN
and	CC
vitamin	NN
deficiencies	NNS
,	,
both	DT
for	IN
undereaters	NNS
and	CC
overeaters	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
Depression	NN
and	CC
Anxiety	NN
,	,
abnormal	JJ
serotonin	NN
levels	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
found	VBN
in	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
other	JJ
mental	JJ
illness	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
Obsessive	NNP
Compulsive	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
Bipolar	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
Borderline	NNP
Personality	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Attention	NN
Deficit\/Hyperactivity	NNP
Disorder	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ADHD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
all	DT
of	IN
which	WDT
can	MD
,	,
for	IN
some	DT
,	,
co-exist	JJ
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Studies	NNP
also	RB
suggest	VBP
that	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
genetic	JJ
predispositions	NNS
to	TO
serotonin	VB
disruptions	NNS
,	,
that	IN
appear	VBP
to	TO
run	VB
in	IN
some	DT
families	NNS
.	.
As	IN
stressed	VBN
above	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
thing	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
play	VB
a	DT
role	NN
in	IN
the	DT
onset	NN
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disodrer	NNP
;	:
Family	NNP
environments	NNS
,	,
the	DT
way	NN
a	DT
person	NN
was	VBD
taught	VBN
to	TO
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
how	WRB
they	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
cope	VB
with	IN
their	PRP$
emotions	NNS
,	,
how	WRB
they	PRP
were	VBD
taught	VBN
to	TO
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
how	WRB
they	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
communicate	VBP
,	,
their	PRP$
general	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
self-esteem	NN
,	,
and	CC
possible	JJ
issues	NNS
of	IN
physical	JJ
,	,
emotional	JJ
or	CC
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
.	.
Another	DT
factor	NN
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
history	NN
of	IN
addiction	NN
to	TO
drugs	NNS
or	CC
alcohol	NN
in	IN
a	DT
family	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
effect	NN
it	PRP
may	MD
play	VB
both	DT
genetically	RB
and	CC
environmentally	RB
.	.
The	DT
problems	NNS
each	DT
person	NN
faces	VBZ
,	,
the	DT
way	NN
they	PRP
cope	VBP
,	,
the	DT
reasons	NNS
for	IN
continuing	VBG
to	TO
hurt	VB
or	CC
punish	VB
themselves	PRP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
way	NN
the	DT
feel	NN
are	VBP
all	DT
critical	JJ
issues	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
tossed	VBN
aside	RB
.	.
Keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
,	,
low	JJ
levels	NNS
of	IN
serotonin	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
discovered	VBN
in	IN
some	DT
alcoholics	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
everyone	NN
with	IN
a	DT
low	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
serotonin	NN
would	MD
become	VB
an	DT
alcoholic	JJ
,	,
stressing	VBG
the	DT
point	NN
that	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
other	JJ
contributing	VBG
factors	NNS
.	.
Though	IN
serotonin	NN
may	MD
play	VB
a	DT
role	NN
in	IN
feeling	NN
depressed	VBD
or	CC
overly	RB
anxious	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
NOT	RB
the	DT
only	JJ
reason	NN
people	NNS
suffer	VBP
from	IN
depression	NN
or	CC
anxiety	NN
,	,
nor	CC
the	DT
only	JJ
reason	NN
they	PRP
may	MD
develop	VB
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
may	MD
,	,
for	IN
some	DT
,	,
be	VB
an	DT
important	JJ
piece	NN
to	TO
the	DT
puzzle	NN
,	,
but	CC
is	VBZ
n't	RB
by	IN
itself	PRP
a	DT
complete	JJ
picture	NN
.	.
Keeping	VBG
the	DT
big	JJ
picture	NN
in	IN
mind	NN
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
useful	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
aware	JJ
of	IN
how	WRB
serotonin	NN
levels	NNS
effect	NN
each	DT
particular	JJ
person	NN
when	WRB
it	PRP
comes	VBZ
to	TO
their	PRP$
course	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
Medications	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
SSRIs	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
selective	JJ
serotonin	NN
reuptake	NN
inhibitors	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
can	MD
help	VB
to	TO
control	VB
levels	NNS
of	IN
serotonin	NN
and	CC
assist	VB
patients	NNS
in	IN
responding	VBG
more	JJR
positively	RB
to	TO
therapy	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
...	:
but	CC
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
``	``
magic	JJ
pill	NN
.	.
''	''
Each	DT
individual	NN
will	MD
ultimately	RB
respond	VB
best	JJS
when	WRB
they	PRP
can	MD
find	VB
a	DT
therapist	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
team	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
address	VB
all	DT
issues	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
sufferer	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
individual	NN
.	.
Some	DT
may	MD
respond	VB
to	TO
medication	NN
,	,
some	DT
may	MD
not	RB
,	,
and	CC
some	DT
may	MD
not	RB
wish	VB
to	TO
take	VB
it	PRP
at	IN
all	DT
.	.
Some	DT
may	MD
endure	VB
``	``
the	DT
serotonin	NN
roller	NN
coaster	NN
ride	NN
''	''
while	IN
trying	VBG
to	TO
find	VB
the	DT
healthy	JJ
middle-ground	JJ
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
medication	NN
becomes	VBZ
effective	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
for	IN
those	DT
in	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
their	PRP$
doctors	NNS
and	CC
therapists	NNS
,	,
to	TO
keep	VB
all	DT
of	IN
this	DT
in	IN
mind	NN
,	,
communicate	VBP
about	IN
what	WP
is	VBZ
going	VBG
on	RP
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
remain	VB
patient	NN
through	IN
the	DT
process	NN
.	.
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
can	MD
not	RB
and	CC
will	MD
not	RB
provide	VB
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
websites	NNS
or	CC
books	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
particularly	RB
triggering	VBG
or	CC
self-defeating	JJ
in	IN
nature	NN
...	:
Below	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
general	JJ
summary	NN
on	IN
negative	JJ
internet	NN
sites	NNS
and	CC
how	WRB
it	PRP
can	MD
hurt	VB
you	PRP
if	IN
you	PRP
suffer	VBP
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
--	:
or	CC
what	WP
to	TO
watch	VB
out	RP
for	IN
if	IN
you	PRP
suspect	VB
your	PRP$
loved-one	NN
has	VBZ
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
In	IN
additional	JJ
to	TO
all	PDT
the	DT
signs	NNS
and	CC
symptoms	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
elaborate	VB
a	DT
bit	NN
on	IN
a	DT
relatively	RB
modern	JJ
phenominon	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
become	VBN
another	DT
signal	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
yourself	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
are	VBP
on	IN
your	PRP$
way	NN
to	TO
one	CD
,	,
or	CC
suspect	VB
a	DT
loved-one	NN
may	MD
suffer	VB
.	.
Before	IN
the	DT
growth	NN
of	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
,	,
before	IN
people	NNS
got	VBD
online	JJ
to	TO
find	VB
what	WP
they	PRP
were	VBD
looking	VBG
for	IN
,	,
a	DT
great	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
would	MD
,	,
and	CC
still	RB
do	VB
,	,
immerse	VB
themselves	PRP
in	IN
books	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
topic	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
several	JJ
reasons	NNS
for	IN
this	DT
...	:
It	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
written	VBN
for	IN
years	NNS
that	WDT
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
classic	JJ
signs	NNS
and	CC
symptoms	NNS
that	WDT
someone	NN
is	VBZ
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
or	CC
Bulimia	NNP
is	VBZ
that	IN
they	PRP
read	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
on	IN
the	DT
topic	NN
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
often	RB
well	RB
educated	VBN
on	IN
their	PRP$
disorder	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
great	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
them	PRP
know	VBP
all	PDT
the	DT
physical	JJ
risks	NNS
.	.
Because	IN
these	DT
are	VBP
a	DT
psychological	JJ
illnesses	NNS
though	IN
,	,
the	DT
risks	NNS
alone	RB
are	VBP
never	RB
enough	RB
to	TO
``	``
just	RB
stop	VB
''	''
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
current	JJ
day	NN
and	CC
age	NN
of	IN
the	DT
computer	NN
and	CC
the	DT
internet	NN
,	,
this	DT
reading	NN
symptom	NN
has	VBZ
taken	VBN
a	DT
new	JJ
form	NN
for	IN
some	DT
--	:
particularly	RB
the	DT
younger	JJR
generation	NN
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
now	RB
drawn	VBN
to	TO
read	VB
a	DT
lot	NN
about	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
on	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
sites	NNS
out	IN
there	RB
that	DT
are	VBP
positive	JJ
,	,
helpful	JJ
and	CC
geared	VBD
at	IN
recovery	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
this	DT
site	NN
here	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
--	:
but	CC
there	EX
are	VBP
also	RB
many	JJ
sites	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
cropped	VBN
up	RP
that	WDT
are	VBP
not-so	RB
recovery	NN
oriented	VBN
.	.
To	TO
the	DT
contrary	NN
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
sites	NNS
out	IN
there	RB
promoting	VBG
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
as	IN
a	DT
lifestyle	NN
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
detriment	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
visitors	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
often	RB
highlighted	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
media	NNS
,	,
and	CC
there	EX
are	VBP
other	JJ
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
organizations	NNS
that	WDT
actively	RB
work	VBP
at	IN
getting	VBG
these	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
site	NN
removed	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
,	,
when	WRB
possible	JJ
.	.
The	DT
internet	NN
is	VBZ
interactive	JJ
,	,
so	RB
many	JJ
of	IN
these	DT
sites	NNS
offer	VBP
bulletin	NN
boards	NNS
where	WRB
people	NNS
can	MD
virtually	RB
``	``
talk	NN
''	''
to	TO
one	CD
another	DT
.	.
They	PRP
form	VBP
friendships	NNS
and	CC
on	IN
some	DT
level	NN
,	,
find	VB
some	DT
understanding	NN
with	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
do	VBP
feel	VB
less	JJR
alone	RB
.	.
The	DT
problem	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
for	IN
a	DT
person	NN
suffering	NN
,	,
or	CC
even	RB
for	IN
someone	NN
attempting	VBG
to	TO
recover	VB
,	,
visiting	VBG
these	DT
negative	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
sites	NNS
exposes	VBZ
them	PRP
to	TO
so	RB
much	JJ
triggering	VBG
content	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
becomes	VBZ
like	IN
a	DT
crack	NN
addict	NN
walking	VBG
into	IN
a	DT
crack	NN
house	NN
...	:
or	CC
an	DT
alcoholic	JJ
walking	NN
into	IN
a	DT
liquor	NN
store	NN
.	.
These	DT
sites	NNS
are	VBP
very	RB
triggering	VBG
,	,
contain	VBP
lots	NNS
of	IN
talk	NN
about	IN
weight-loss	JJ
and	CC
why	WRB
being	VBG
skinny	NN
is	VBZ
so	RB
important	JJ
,	,
have	VBP
goal-weights	NNS
and	CC
tips	NNS
listed	VBN
,	,
and	CC
have	VBP
pictures	NNS
of	IN
very	RB
thin	JJ
and	CC
even	RB
emaciated	JJ
people	NNS
to	TO
aspire	VB
to	TO
be	VB
like	IN
.	.
People	NNS
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
often	RB
in	IN
denial	NN
about	IN
how	WRB
serious	JJ
their	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
...	:
or	CC
they	PRP
may	MD
feel	VB
they	PRP
know	VBP
how	WRB
to	TO
``	``
control	VB
it	PRP
''	''
so	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
ever	RB
get	VB
too	RB
sick	JJ
.	.
Staying	VBG
in	IN
an	DT
environment	NN
that	WDT
helps	VBZ
them	PRP
to	TO
continue	VB
to	TO
kid	NN
themselves	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
dangerous	JJ
game	NN
to	TO
play	VB
.	.
Staying	VBG
in	IN
an	DT
environment	NN
that	WDT
helps	VBZ
them	PRP
justify	VB
their	PRP$
behaviors	NNS
as	IN
``	``
normal	JJ
''	''
or	CC
``	``
okay	JJ
''	''
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
deadly	JJ
game	NN
to	TO
play	VB
.	.
People	NNS
who	WP
suffer	VBP
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
often	RB
seeking	VBG
acceptance	NN
from	IN
those	DT
around	IN
them	PRP
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
way	NN
to	TO
get	VB
accepted	VBN
on	IN
one	CD
of	IN
these	DT
sites	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
``	``
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
group	NN
''	''
,	,
they	PRP
join	VBP
the	DT
group	NN
mentality	NN
of	IN
trying	VBG
to	TO
lose	VB
more	JJR
weight	NN
,	,
or	CC
be	VB
``	``
the	DT
best	JJS
''	''
at	IN
the	DT
behaviors	NNS
.	.
People	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
often	RB
have	VBP
a	DT
very	RB
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
.	.
To	TO
be	VB
surrounded	VBN
by	IN
other	JJ
people	NNS
toting	VBG
how	WRB
their	PRP$
behaviors	NNS
make	VBP
them	PRP
feel	VB
great	JJ
may	MD
help	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
justify	VB
to	TO
themselves	PRP
that	IN
restricting	VBG
,	,
purging	VBG
and	CC
using	VBG
other	JJ
dangerous	JJ
methods	NNS
is	VBZ
a	DT
good	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
feel	VB
better	JJR
.	.
People	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
often	RB
feel	VBP
neglected	VBN
,	,
or	CC
like	IN
they	PRP
need	VBP
attention	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
feel	VB
unheard	JJ
or	CC
invisible	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
sometimes	RB
in	IN
realtime	JJ
life	NN
they	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
have	VB
their	PRP$
emotions	NNS
be	VB
invisible	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
If	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
competing	VBG
for	IN
attention	NN
in	IN
a	DT
negative	JJ
environment	NN
,	,
it	PRP
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
negative	JJ
attention	NN
seeking	VBG
--	:
negative	JJ
behaviors	NNS
--	:
competition	NN
to	TO
be	VB
the	DT
thinnest	JJS
or	CC
the	DT
sickest	NN
to	TO
get	VB
that	DT
negative	JJ
attention	NN
.	.
The	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
often	RB
lends	VBZ
itself	PRP
to	TO
deception	NN
--	:
lying	VBG
about	IN
eating	VBG
and	CC
hiding	VBG
the	DT
behaviors	NNS
.	.
Being	VBG
on	IN
a	DT
site	NN
that	WDT
encourages	VBZ
a	DT
sufferer	NN
to	TO
continue	VB
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
is	VBZ
feeding	VBG
directly	RB
into	IN
the	DT
illness	NN
.	.
People	NNS
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
often	RB
use	VBP
it	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
coping	VBG
mechanism	NN
.	.
If	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
challenged	VBN
to	TO
find	VB
better	JJR
ways	NNS
to	TO
cope	VB
,	,
or	CC
encouraged	VBD
to	TO
use	VB
healthier	RBR
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
can	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
justify	VB
their	PRP$
negative	JJ
patterns	NNS
as	IN
okay	JJ
.	.
Having	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
often	RB
means	VBZ
hiding	VBG
your	PRP$
feelings	NNS
--	:
or	CC
stuffing	VBG
them	PRP
down	RP
--	:
or	CC
feeling	NN
as	IN
though	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
right	NN
to	TO
talk	VB
about	IN
them	PRP
--	:
or	CC
attempting	VBG
to	TO
feel	VB
numb	JJ
.	.
A	DT
sufferer	NN
can	MD
feel	VB
like	IN
their	PRP$
emotions	NNS
are	VBP
insignificant	JJ
.	.
If	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
talk	VB
about	IN
nothing	NN
except	IN
weight	NN
and	CC
food	NN
and	CC
behaviors	NNS
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
incentive	NN
for	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
address	VB
or	CC
work	VB
on	IN
healing	NN
from	IN
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
and	CC
emotions	NNS
.	.
In	IN
other	JJ
words	NNS
,	,
these	DT
negative	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
websites	NNS
encourage	VBP
them	PRP
to	TO
stay	VB
immersed	VBN
in	IN
their	PRP$
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
far	RB
away	RB
from	IN
their	PRP$
feelings	NNS
.	.
People	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
often	RB
isolate	VBP
themselves	PRP
.	.
Staying	VBG
online	NN
surrounded	VBN
by	IN
people	NNS
just	RB
as	IN
sick	JJ
as	IN
you	PRP
,	,
encouraging	VBG
you	PRP
to	TO
stay	VB
sick	JJ
,	,
and	CC
not	RB
encouraging	VBG
you	PRP
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
another	DT
way	NN
to	TO
isolate	VB
.	.
Being	VBG
online	NN
with	IN
virtual	JJ
``	``
buddies	NNS
''	''
is	VBZ
to	TO
isolate	VB
further	RB
.	.
Being	VBG
online	NN
with	IN
virtual	JJ
``	``
buddies	NNS
''	''
who	WP
talk	VBP
excessively	RB
about	IN
weight	NN
,	,
food	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
is	VBZ
to	TO
isolate	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
further	RB
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
yourself	PRP
suffer	VBP
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
please	VB
consider	VB
why	WRB
you	PRP
visit	VBP
negative	JJ
websites	NNS
that	WDT
promote	VBP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
as	IN
a	DT
good	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
.	.
Please	VB
know	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
feel	VB
less	JJR
alone	RB
by	IN
visiting	VBG
sites	NNS
that	WDT
offer	VBP
hope	NN
,	,
or	CC
by	IN
talking	VBG
to	TO
someone	NN
in	IN
realtime	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
you	PRP
already	RB
know	VBP
the	DT
physical	JJ
dangers	NNS
of	IN
engaging	VBG
in	IN
these	DT
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
recognizing	VBG
those	DT
risks	NNS
is	VBZ
n't	RB
incentive	NN
enough	RB
to	TO
stop	VB
--	:
but	CC
at	IN
least	JJS
give	VB
yourself	PRP
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
find	VB
your	PRP$
own	JJ
incentive	NN
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
it	PRP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
suspect	VB
your	PRP$
child	NN
or	CC
loved-one	NN
is	VBZ
suffering	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
watch	NN
where	WRB
they	PRP
go	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
.	.
Though	IN
blocking	VBG
software	NN
can	MD
be	VB
good	JJ
,	,
do	VBP
n't	RB
always	RB
rely	VB
on	IN
it	PRP
...	:
you	PRP
'd	MD
be	VB
surprised	VBN
how	WRB
well	RB
kids	NNS
know	VBP
their	PRP$
way	NN
around	IN
the	DT
computer	NN
--	:
and	CC
they	PRP
DO	VBP
know	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
delete	VB
the	DT
internet	NN
history	NN
to	TO
cover	VB
their	PRP$
tracks	NNS
.	.
Limit	NN
online	JJ
access	NN
.	.
Consider	VB
parental	JJ
controls	NNS
through	IN
a	DT
router-based	JJ
solution	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
LinkSys	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Stay	NNP
involved	VBN
in	IN
knowing	VBG
where	WRB
they	PRP
go	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
.	.
Be	VB
aware	JJ
these	DT
sites	NNS
are	VBP
out	IN
there	RB
--	:
and	CC
you	PRP
'll	MD
know	VB
them	PRP
when	WRB
you	PRP
see	VBP
them	PRP
.	.
The	DT
vast	JJ
majority	NN
of	IN
them	PRP
are	VBP
very	RB
much	JJ
upfront	JJ
about	IN
what	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
and	CC
what	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
doing	VBG
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
online	JJ
communities	NNS
that	WDT
promote	VBP
recovery	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
own	JJ
bulletin	NN
board	NN
for	IN
support	NN
does	VBZ
just	RB
that	DT
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
rules	NNS
in	IN
place	NN
for	IN
safety	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
no	DT
numbers	NNS
,	,
no	DT
tips	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
monitors	VBZ
who	WP
constantly	RB
watch	VBP
the	DT
boards	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
set	VBD
up	RP
these	DT
rules	NNS
years	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
even	RB
before	IN
these	DT
negative	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
sites	NNS
began	VBD
to	TO
appear	VB
,	,
with	IN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
reasons	NNS
above	IN
in	IN
mind	NN
.	.
We	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
provide	VB
as	IN
safe	JJ
an	DT
atmosphere	NN
as	IN
possible	JJ
that	WDT
could	MD
promote	VB
recovery	NN
and	CC
give	VB
sufferers	NNS
a	DT
place	NN
to	TO
talk	VB
about	IN
their	PRP$
real	JJ
emotions	NNS
.	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
feel	VB
as	IN
though	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
``	``
conscience	NN
''	''
or	CC
``	``
voice	NN
''	''
that	WDT
tells	VBZ
you	PRP
negative	JJ
things	NNS
about	IN
yourself	PRP
,	,
convinces	VBZ
you	PRP
that	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
deserve	VB
to	TO
eat	VB
and\/or	CC
to	TO
be	VB
happy	JJ
,	,
or	CC
that	DT
tells	VBZ
you	PRP
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
or	CC
deserve	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
fat	JJ
and	CC
ugly	JJ
?	.
Have	NNP
you	PRP
ever	RB
been	VBN
diagnosed	VBN
with	IN
clinical	JJ
depression	NN
,	,
attentive	JJ
deficit	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
manic	JJ
depression	NN
,	,
bipolar	JJ
II	NNP
disorder	NN
,	,
post	NN
traumatic	JJ
stress	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
obsessive	JJ
compulsive	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
or	CC
dissociative	JJ
identity	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
psychological\/neurological	JJ
illness	NN
?	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
eat	VB
,	,
self-starve	JJ
or	CC
restrict	VB
,	,
binge	NN
and\/or	CC
purge	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
compulsively	RB
exercise	NN
when	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
feeling	VBG
lonely	JJ
,	,
badly	RB
about	IN
yourself	PRP
or	CC
about	IN
a	DT
situation	NN
,	,
or	CC
when	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
feeling	VBG
emotional	JJ
pressures	NNS
?	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
do	VB
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
hide	VB
and\/or	CC
steal	VB
food	NN
,	,
laxatives	NNS
and\/or	CC
diet	NN
pills	NNS
;	:
eat	VB
and\/or	CC
exercise	VB
secretively	RB
;	:
avoid	VB
eating	VBG
in	IN
public	JJ
or	CC
around	IN
others	NNS
;	:
wear	NN
clothes	NNS
that	WDT
hide	VBP
your	PRP$
weight	NN
;	:
and\/or	CC
make	VB
excuses	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
``	``
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
feel	VB
well	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
avoid	VB
meals	NNS
?	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
suffer	VBP
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
heart	NN
palpitations	NNS
and\/or	CC
chest	NN
pains	NNS
;	:
fainting	VBG
spells	NNS
,	,
blackouts	NNS
or	CC
dizziness	NN
;	:
chronic	NN
lower	JJR
back	RB
pain	NN
,	,
headaches	NNS
or	CC
lightheadedness	NN
,	,
tingling	VBG
in	IN
arms	NNS
or	CC
legs	NNS
,	,
numbness	NN
in	IN
face	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
parts	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
body	NN
,	,
joint	JJ
pain	NN
,	,
excitability	NN
,	,
mood	NN
swings	NNS
,	,
hyperactivity	NN
;	:
low	JJ
blood	NN
pressure	NN
and\/or	CC
body	NN
temperature	NN
or	CC
escalated	VBN
blood	NN
pressure	NN
or	CC
cholesterol	NN
;	:
and\/or	CC
chronically	RB
sick	JJ
with	IN
cold	JJ
or	CC
flu	NN
symptoms	NNS
.	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
suffer	VBP
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
disruption	NN
in	IN
menstrual	JJ
cycle	NN
and\/or	CC
irregularity	NN
,	,
infertility	NN
,	,
decreased	VBD
sex	NN
drive	NN
,	,
irritability	NN
;	:
lack	NN
of	IN
ability	NN
to	TO
concentrate	VB
,	,
blurred	VBD
vision	NN
;	:
kidney	NN
and\/or	CC
urinary	JJ
tract	NN
infections	NNS
;	:
sore	JJ
throats	NNS
,	,
dental	JJ
problems	NNS
;	:
stomach	NN
cramping	VBG
,	,
blood	NN
in	IN
stools	NNS
or	CC
vomit	NN
,	,
diarrhea	NN
,	,
constipation	NN
and\/or	CC
incontinence	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
loss	NN
of	IN
bowel	NN
control	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
insomnia	NN
,	,
fatigue	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
anxiety	NN
or	CC
depression	NN
?	.
Restriction	NN
of	IN
food	NN
and	CC
calories	NNS
does	VBZ
not	RB
mean	VB
complete	JJ
restriction	NN
for	IN
every	DT
sufferer	NN
.	.
For	IN
some	DT
this	DT
means	VBZ
restricting	VBG
certain	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
foods	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
each	DT
individual	NN
sticking	VBG
with	IN
what	WP
they	PRP
perceive	VBP
as	IN
``	``
safe	JJ
foods	NNS
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
limiting	VBG
calories	NNS
to	TO
below	IN
normal	JJ
on	IN
a	DT
daily	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
For	IN
others	NNS
this	DT
means	VBZ
fasting	NN
for	IN
a	DT
certain	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
and	CC
then	RB
eating	VBG
``	``
normally	RB
''	''
for	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
,	,
and	CC
repeating	VBG
the	DT
cycle	NN
continuously	RB
.	.
Those	DT
suffering	VBG
Anorexia	NNP
do	VB
not	RB
always	RB
completely	RB
restrict	VB
.	.
Often	RB
times	NNS
when	WRB
they	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
avoid	VB
a	DT
meal	NN
or	CC
food	NN
they	PRP
will	MD
follow	VB
any	DT
consumption	NN
with	IN
self-induced	JJ
vomiting	NN
or	CC
laxative	NN
abuse	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
considered	VBN
``	``
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Purging	NNP
Type	NNP
.	.
''	''
You	PRP
should	MD
read	VB
the	DT
definitions	NNS
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
``	``
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
not	RB
Otherwise	RB
Specified	VBN
''	''
.	.
People	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
any	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
of	IN
any	DT
weight	NN
.	.
For	IN
most	JJS
sufferers	NNS
weight	NN
will	MD
continuously	RB
be	VB
going	VBG
up	RB
and	CC
down	RB
.	.
The	DT
weight	NN
of	IN
a	DT
person	NN
's	POS
body	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
indicate	VB
their	PRP$
overall	JJ
health	NN
,	,
nor	CC
does	VBZ
it	PRP
change	VB
the	DT
danger	NN
each	DT
sufferer	NN
may	MD
be	VB
in	IN
!	.
There	EX
are	VBP
more	RBR
dangers	NNS
involved	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
patterns	NNS
themselves	PRP
,	,
rather	RB
than	IN
in	IN
each	DT
person	NN
's	POS
actual	JJ
weight	NN
.	.
Bulimics	NNS
are	VBP
junk-food	JJ
addicts	NNS
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
little	JJ
nutritional	JJ
value	NN
to	TO
junk	NN
food	NN
but	CC
they	PRP
serve	VBP
as	IN
a	DT
false	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
energy	NN
.	.
They	PRP
also	RB
appease	VBP
extreme	JJ
cravings	NNS
...	:
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
a	DT
sufferer	NN
's	POS
system	NN
may	MD
be	VB
depleted	VBN
of	IN
Sodium	NNP
so	RB
there	RB
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
strong	JJ
craving	NN
for	IN
something	NN
salty	NN
.	.
A	DT
bag	NN
of	IN
chips	NNS
would	MD
seem	VB
to	TO
satisfy	VB
this	DT
craving	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
uncommon	JJ
to	TO
find	VB
a	DT
person	NN
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
or	CC
Bulimia	NNP
who	WP
lives	VBZ
solely	RB
on	IN
candy	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
junk-food	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
like	IN
any	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
sufferer	NN
,	,
this	DT
puts	VBZ
them	PRP
in	IN
great	JJ
danger	NN
.	.
Other	JJ
common	JJ
``	``
replacements	NNS
''	''
are	VBP
drugs	NNS
,	,
alcohol	NN
,	,
coffee	NN
,	,
tea	NN
and\/or	CC
cigarettes	NNS
.	.
ANYONE	NN
can	MD
suffer	VB
from	IN
Anorexia	NNP
or	CC
Bulimia	NNP
.	.
Regardless	RB
of	IN
previously	RB
held	VBN
beliefs	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
only	RB
young	JJ
,	,
middle-class	NN
white	JJ
teenagers	NNS
or	CC
college	NN
students	NNS
who	WP
can	MD
suffer	VB
.	.
African-American	JJ
,	,
Hispanic	JJ
,	,
Asian	JJ
,	,
or	CC
white	JJ
,	,
women	NNS
or	CC
men	NNS
,	,
rich	JJ
to	TO
poor	JJ
,	,
from	IN
their	PRP$
teen	JJ
years	NNS
well	RB
into	IN
their	PRP$
fifties	NNS
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
sufferers	NNS
from	IN
every	DT
age-bracket	NN
,	,
class	NN
and	CC
culture	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
rely	VB
on	IN
the	DT
``	``
written	VBN
statistics	NNS
''	''
-	:
they	PRP
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
reports	NNS
made	VBN
to	TO
government	NN
agencies	NNS
and	CC
if	IN
a	DT
country	NN
,	,
state	NN
,	,
or	CC
province	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
require	VB
that	IN
doctors	NNS
report	VBP
the	DT
cases	NNS
,	,
the	DT
statistics	NNS
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
accurate	JJ
.	.
Keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
as	RB
well	RB
,	,
the	DT
more	JJR
shame	NN
a	DT
person	NN
feels	VBZ
,	,
the	DT
less	RBR
likely	JJ
that	IN
they	PRP
will	MD
come	VB
forward	RB
and	CC
say	VB
they	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
...	:
so	RB
if	IN
we	PRP
keep	VBP
perpetuating	VBG
the	DT
idea	NN
that	WDT
only	RB
``	``
young	JJ
white	JJ
women	NNS
''	''
suffer	VBP
,	,
less	JJR
and	CC
less	JJR
people	NNS
who	WP
suffer	VBP
that	DT
do	VBP
n't	RB
fit	VB
this	DT
ideal	NN
will	MD
not	RB
come	VB
forward	RB
,	,
be	VB
acknowledged	VBN
,	,
and	CC
get	VB
the	DT
help	NN
they	PRP
deserve	VBP
.	.
Disordered	JJ
eating	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
always	RB
mean	VB
restricting	VBG
,	,
binging	NN
and\/or	CC
purging	VBG
.	.
Sufferers	NNS
sometimes	RB
eat	VBP
3	CD
meals	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
,	,
or	CC
eat	VB
continuously	RB
throughout	IN
the	DT
day	NN
and	CC
through	IN
this	DT
can	MD
disillusion	VB
themselves	PRP
into	IN
thinking	VBG
that	IN
all	DT
is	VBZ
fine	JJ
.	.
There	EX
a	DT
other	JJ
methods	NNS
of	IN
``	``
purging	VBG
''	''
following	VBG
a	DT
binge	NN
.	.
The	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Bulimia	NNP
will	MD
eat	VB
an	DT
unusually	RB
large	JJ
quantity	NN
of	IN
food	NN
in	IN
a	DT
short	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
and	CC
follow	VB
it	PRP
with	IN
purging	VBG
;	:
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
using	VBG
laxatives	NNS
or	CC
inducing	VBG
vomiting	NN
,	,
purging	VBG
can	MD
also	RB
be	VB
compulsive	JJ
exercise	NN
or	CC
complete	JJ
fasting	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
attributes	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
present	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
both	DT
Anorexia	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
restriction	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
without	IN
binging	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
binging	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
uncommon	JJ
for	IN
those	DT
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Eating	NNP
to	TO
eat	VB
``	``
normally	RB
''	''
around	IN
others	NNS
.	.
This	DT
type	NN
of	IN
sufferer	NN
may	MD
look	VB
forward	RB
to	TO
their	PRP$
time	NN
alone	RB
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
``	``
make	VB
up	RP
for	IN
''	''
the	DT
time	NN
they	PRP
've	VBP
spent	VBN
eating	VBG
``	``
normally	RB
''	''
around	IN
others	NNS
.	.
Anorexics	NNS
will	MD
completely	RB
starve	VB
themselves	PRP
,	,
Bulimics	NNS
will	MD
binge	NN
and	CC
purge	NN
,	,
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeaters	NNPS
will	MD
overeat	VB
or	CC
binge	NN
once	RB
they	PRP
have	VBP
gotten	VBN
back	RB
into	IN
their	PRP$
solitary	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
Sufferers	NNS
may	MD
even	RB
look	VB
forward	RB
to	TO
being	VBG
alone	RB
so	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
partake	VB
in	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
patterns	NNS
.	.
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
are	VBP
not	RB
phases	NNS
a	DT
child	NN
,	,
teen	NN
or	CC
adult	NN
goes	VBZ
through	IN
.	.
Some	DT
may	MD
go	VB
through	IN
dieting	NN
phases	NNS
but	CC
this	DT
is	VBZ
far	RB
different	JJ
from	IN
having	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
should	MD
visit	VB
the	DT
other	JJ
sections	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
website	NN
to	TO
learn	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
what	WP
having	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
means	VBZ
.	.
Vitamin	NNP
Supplements	NNP
will	MD
not	RB
protect	VB
anyone	NN
from	IN
the	DT
harm	NN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
will	MD
expose	VB
the	DT
body	NN
to	TO
.	.
Vitamins	NNS
and	CC
Minerals	NNPS
are	VBP
absorbed	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
body	NN
much	RB
more	RBR
efficiently	RB
through	IN
their	PRP$
source	NN
food	NN
,	,
and	CC
work	NN
in	IN
harmony	NN
with	IN
one	CD
another	DT
to	TO
ensure	VB
the	DT
highest	JJS
level	NN
of	IN
effectiveness	NN
and	CC
absorption	NN
.	.
While	IN
taking	VBG
vitamins	NNS
and	CC
minerals	NNS
may	MD
help	VB
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
security	NN
,	,
or	CC
even	RB
prolong	VB
certain	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
health	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
warding	VBG
off	RP
infection	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
they	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
protect	VB
you	PRP
from	IN
the	DT
dangers	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
having	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
:	:
the	DT
bowel	NN
or	CC
kidneys	NNS
shutting	VBG
down	RP
,	,
shrinkage	NN
of	IN
the	DT
brain	NN
,	,
dehydration	NN
,	,
diabetes	NN
,	,
TMJ	NNP
Syndrome	NNP
and	CC
misalignment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
teeth	NNS
,	,
tears	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
esophagus	NN
,	,
ulcers	NNS
,	,
joint	JJ
pain	NN
and	CC
arthritis	NN
,	,
digestive	JJ
and	CC
absorption	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
acid	NN
reflux	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
cancer	NN
of	IN
the	DT
mouth	NN
and	CC
throat	NN
,	,
low	JJ
or	CC
high	JJ
blood	NN
pressure	NN
,	,
heart	NN
arrhythmia	NN
and	CC
cardiac	JJ
arrest	NN
,	,
loss	NN
of	IN
menstrual	JJ
cycle	NN
,	,
infertility	NN
,	,
dilation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
intestines	NNS
,	,
or	CC
depression	NN
and	CC
suicide	NN
.	.
What	WP
defines	VBZ
the	DT
illnesses	NNS
of	IN
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
or	CC
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
is	VBZ
more	RBR
than	IN
just	RB
the	DT
weight	NN
range	NN
of	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
.	.
Emotional	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
to	TO
fill	VB
a	DT
void	NN
,	,
stuffing	VBG
down	RP
feelings	NNS
with	IN
binging	NN
,	,
isolation	NN
and	CC
pushing	VBG
others	NNS
away	RB
are	VBP
just	RB
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
traits	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
also	RB
those	DT
who	WP
suffer	VBP
from	IN
Compulsive	JJ
Overeating	NN
or	CC
Binge	NN
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
who	WP
are	VBP
not	RB
extremely	RB
overweight	JJ
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
other	JJ
reasons	NNS
an	DT
individual	NN
can	MD
be	VB
overweight	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
medical	JJ
reasons	NNS
or	CC
genetic	JJ
pre-dispositions	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
larger	JJR
body	NN
size	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
overall	JJ
symptoms	NNS
that	WDT
help	VBP
determine	VB
if	IN
a	DT
person	NN
suffers	VBZ
from	IN
any	DT
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
are	VBP
how	WRB
their	PRP$
eating	NN
relates	VBZ
to	TO
a	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
ability	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
pain	NN
,	,
anger	NN
and	CC
stress	NN
.	.
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
can	MD
kill	VB
those	DT
who	WP
suffer	VBP
from	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
have	VBP
the	DT
highest	JJS
rate	NN
of	IN
death	NN
out	IN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
psychological	JJ
illness	NN
.	.
Up	IN
to	TO
30	CD
%	NN
of	IN
the	DT
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
maybe	RB
higher	JJR
-RRB-	-RRB-
will	MD
die	VB
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
a	DT
complication	NN
caused	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
illness	NN
.	.
Be	VB
sure	JJ
to	TO
see	VB
the	DT
Physical	NNP
Dangers	NNP
sections	NNS
to	TO
read	VB
about	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
complications	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
.	.
For	IN
some	DT
,	,
there	EX
seems	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
common	JJ
thread	NN
between	IN
Diabetes	NNP
and	CC
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
increasing	VBG
their	PRP$
risks	NNS
for	IN
serious	JJ
adverse	JJ
and	CC
long	JJ
term	NN
effects	NNS
.	.
The	DT
strict	JJ
focus	NN
on	IN
nutritional	JJ
intake	NN
and	CC
diet	NN
with	IN
Diabetics	NNPS
,	,
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
parental	JJ
control	NN
over	IN
the	DT
young	JJ
Diabetic	NNP
's	POS
life	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
increased	VBN
weight	NN
gain	NN
that	WDT
insulin	NN
treatment	NN
can	MD
cause	VB
,	,
may	MD
all	DT
play	VB
roles	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
increased	VBN
risk	NN
for	IN
onset	NN
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and\/or	CC
Bulimia	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
recently	RB
reported	VBN
that	IN
Diabetics	NNPS
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
at	IN
an	DT
increased	VBN
risk	NN
for	IN
developing	VBG
Diabetic	NNP
Retinopathy	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
an	DT
eye	NN
disorder	NN
that	WDT
causes	VBZ
broken	JJ
blood	NN
vessels	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
back	NN
of	IN
the	DT
eye	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
blindness	NN
.	.
Refusal	NN
to	TO
maintain	VB
weight	NN
at	IN
or	CC
above	IN
the	DT
minimal	JJ
normal	JJ
weight	NN
for	IN
height	NN
,	,
body	NN
frame	NN
and	CC
age	NN
;	:
Lowering	VBG
or	CC
skipping	VBG
Insulin	NN
doses	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
or	CC
maintain	VB
weight	NN
;	:
Overwhelming	NNP
fear	NN
of	IN
becoming	VBG
fat	JJ
;	:
Distorted	NNP
body	NN
image	NN
;	:
Unusual	NNP
eating	VBG
patterns	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
fasting	NN
,	,
new	JJ
diet	NN
or	CC
refusing	VBG
to	TO
eat	VB
with	IN
others	NNS
;	:
Amenorrhea	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
loss	NN
of	IN
menstrual	JJ
cycle	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
preoccupation	NN
with	IN
food	NN
,	,
weight	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
;	:
feelings	NNS
of	IN
isolation	NN
,	,
irritability	NN
and	CC
depression	NN
.	.
Though	IN
men	NNS
make	VBP
up	RP
the	DT
smaller	JJR
percentage	NN
of	IN
those	DT
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
in	IN
should	MD
be	VB
important	JJ
to	TO
note	VB
that	IN
a	DT
recent	JJ
study	NN
suggested	VBD
that	IN
men	NNS
with	IN
diabetes	NN
are	VBP
at	IN
an	DT
increased	VBN
risk	NN
for	IN
Osteoporosis	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
loss	NN
of	IN
bone	NN
mass	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
and	CC
Diabetes	NNP
would	MD
suggest	VB
that	IN
the	DT
risk	NN
of	IN
boss	NN
loss	NN
is	VBZ
significantly	RB
increased	VBN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
Diabetes	NNP
playing	VBG
a	DT
role	NN
in	IN
the	DT
onset	NN
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
the	DT
reverse	NN
can	MD
be	VB
true	JJ
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
``	``
Up	IN
to	TO
eighter	VB
percent	NN
of	IN
diabetics	NNS
are	VBP
considered	VBN
medically	RB
obese	JJ
when	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
diagnosed	VBN
,	,
making	VBG
obesity	NN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
preventable	JJ
underlying	VBG
risk	NN
factors	NNS
for	IN
Diabetes	NNP
.	.
''	''
In	IN
conclusion	NN
,	,
both	DT
having	VBG
Diabetes	NNP
or	CC
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
can	MD
potentionally	RB
be	VB
life	NN
threatening	JJ
and	CC
cause	VB
life-long	JJ
complications	NNS
and	CC
ailments	NNS
.	.
If	IN
left	VBN
untreated	JJ
,	,
Diabetes	NNP
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
heart	NN
failure	NN
,	,
kidney	NN
failure	NN
,	,
blindness	NN
or	CC
death	NN
,	,
while	IN
having	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
increases	VBZ
the	DT
risks	NNS
for	IN
heart	NN
attack	NN
,	,
stroke	NN
,	,
kidney	NN
failure	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
many	JJ
other	JJ
things	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
including	VBG
death	NN
.	.
The	DT
obvious	JJ
assumption	NN
can	MD
be	VB
drawn	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
both	DT
and	CC
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
and	CC
Diabetes	NNP
is	VBZ
particularly	RB
dangerous	JJ
and	CC
life-threatening	JJ
.	.
This	DT
describes	VBZ
just	RB
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
one	PRP
can	MD
feel	VB
confronted	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
object	NN
,	,
event	NN
or	CC
emotion	NN
that	WDT
creates	VBZ
the	DT
phobia	NN
for	IN
an	DT
individual	NN
.	.
A	DT
phobia	NN
is	VBZ
defined	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
intense	JJ
or	CC
unrealistic	JJ
fear	NN
,	,
and	CC
when	WRB
confronted	VBN
with	IN
that	DT
fear	VBP
it	PRP
can	MD
cause	VB
panic	NN
attacks	NNS
,	,
pounding	VBG
heartbeat	NN
,	,
feelings	NNS
of	IN
nausea	NN
,	,
sweaty	JJ
palms	NNS
,	,
and	CC
rapid	JJ
breathing	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
that	IN
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
common	JJ
traits	NNS
amongst	IN
some	DT
Phobias	NNPS
and	CC
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
but	CC
that	IN
it	PRP
IS	VBZ
NOT	NNP
a	DT
generalized	VBN
rule	NN
that	IN
all	DT
people	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
suffer	VBP
from	IN
a	DT
Phobia	NNP
,	,
or	CC
that	IN
all	DT
Phobia	NNP
victims	NNS
suffer	VBP
from	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Agoraphobia	NN
:	:
This	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
fear	NN
of	IN
leaving	VBG
a	DT
safe	JJ
place	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
home	NN
--	:
It	PRP
is	VBZ
interesting	JJ
to	TO
point	VB
out	RP
that	IN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
can	MD
display	VB
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
Agoraphobia	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
n't	RB
uncommon	JJ
for	IN
those	DT
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
to	TO
have	VB
an	DT
intense	JJ
fear	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
in	IN
public	JJ
under	IN
a	DT
watchful	JJ
eye	NN
of	IN
others	NNS
,	,
and	CC
often	RB
time	NN
an	DT
isolationistic	JJ
type	NN
of	IN
behavior	NN
can	MD
sets	NNS
in	IN
,	,
where	WRB
they	PRP
will	MD
increasingly	RB
avoid	VB
such	JJ
situations	NNS
where	WRB
they	PRP
must	MD
leave	VB
the	DT
``	``
safety	NN
''	''
of	IN
home	NN
.	.
Social	NNP
Phobias	NNP
:	:
Fear	NN
of	IN
embarrassment	NN
or	CC
humiliation	NN
in	IN
social	JJ
settings	NNS
.	.
--	:
In	IN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
ways	NNS
,	,
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
or	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
can	MD
also	RB
possess	VB
some	DT
level	NN
of	IN
social	JJ
phobia	NN
.	.
Fear	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
caught	VBN
in	IN
what	WP
they	PRP
perceive	VBP
as	IN
humiliating	JJ
or	CC
embarrasing	JJ
behaviors	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
eating	VBG
in	IN
public	JJ
,	,
purchasing	VBG
groceries	NNS
,	,
diet-pills	NNS
or	CC
laxatives	NNS
,	,
or	CC
being	VBG
caught	VBN
purging	VBG
are	VBP
good	JJ
examples	NNS
of	IN
how	WRB
this	DT
can	MD
manifest	JJ
into	IN
a	DT
social	JJ
phobia	NN
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
inherent	JJ
presence	NN
of	IN
a	DT
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
,	,
there	EX
can	MD
also	RB
be	VB
intense	JJ
fears	NNS
of	IN
being	VBG
judged	VBN
by	IN
others	NNS
as	IN
fat	JJ
,	,
ugly	JJ
,	,
stupid	JJ
,	,
crazy	JJ
or	CC
abnormal	JJ
.	.
These	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
fears	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
phobic	JJ
in-and-of-themselves	NNS
,	,
or	CC
can	MD
contribute	VB
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
tendency	NN
for	IN
Agoraphobic	JJ
type	NN
behaviors	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
seeking	VBG
isolation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
safety	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
home	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
note	VB
that	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
may	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
a	DT
type	NN
of	IN
social	JJ
phobia	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
social	JJ
phobia	NN
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
but	CC
this	DT
is	VBZ
NOT	RB
a	DT
generalized	VBN
rule	NN
for	IN
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
either	DT
.	.
``	``
People	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
social	JJ
phobia	NN
fear	VBP
the	DT
scrutiny	NN
of	IN
others	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
tend	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
highly	RB
sensitive	JJ
to	TO
criticism	NN
,	,
and	CC
often	RB
interpret	VB
the	DT
actions	NNS
of	IN
others	NNS
in	IN
social	JJ
gatherings	NNS
as	IN
an	DT
attempt	NN
to	TO
humiliate	VB
them	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
afraid	JJ
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
conversations	NNS
for	IN
fear	NN
of	IN
saying	VBG
something	NN
foolish	JJ
,	,
and	CC
may	MD
agonize	VB
for	IN
hours	NNS
or	CC
days	NNS
later	RB
over	IN
things	NNS
they	PRP
did	VBD
say	VB
.	.
''	''
``	``
Many	JJ
people	NNS
with	IN
social	JJ
phobia	NN
are	VBP
so	RB
sensitive	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
scrutiny	NN
of	IN
others	NNS
that	IN
they	PRP
avoid	VBP
eating	VBG
or	CC
drinking	VBG
in	IN
public	JJ
,	,
using	VBG
public	JJ
restrooms	NNS
,	,
or	CC
signing	VBG
a	DT
check	NN
in	IN
the	DT
presence	NN
of	IN
another	DT
.	.
Social	NNP
phobia	NN
may	MD
often	RB
be	VB
associated	VBN
with	IN
depression	NN
or	CC
alcohol	NN
abuse	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
Negative	JJ
social	JJ
experiences	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
being	VBG
rejected	VBN
by	IN
peers	NNS
or	CC
suffering	VBG
some	DT
type	NN
of	IN
embarrassment	NN
in	IN
public	JJ
,	,
and	CC
poor	JJ
social	JJ
skills	NNS
also	RB
seem	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
factors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
social	JJ
phobia	NN
may	MD
be	VB
related	VBN
to	TO
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
,	,
lack	NN
of	IN
assertiveness	NN
,	,
and	CC
feelings	NNS
of	IN
inferiority	NN
.	.
''	''
Specific	JJ
Phobias	NNPS
:	:
This	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
fear	NN
of	IN
an	DT
object	NN
of	IN
situation	NN
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
relation	NN
to	TO
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
could	MD
be	VB
as	IN
specific	JJ
as	IN
food	NN
or	CC
eating	VBG
itself	PRP
.	.
What	WP
is	VBZ
particularly	RB
interesting	JJ
in	IN
looking	VBG
into	IN
specific	JJ
phobias	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
or	CC
eating	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
phobia	NN
itself	PRP
may	MD
precipitate	VB
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
or	CC
vice	NN
versa	RB
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
victims	NNS
of	IN
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
are	VBP
often	RB
phobic	JJ
about	IN
specific	JJ
items	NNS
that	WDT
remind	VBP
them	PRP
of	IN
their	PRP$
abuser	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
if	IN
the	DT
person	NN
often	RB
gave	VBD
them	PRP
candy	NN
or	CC
cookies	NNS
following	VBG
the	DT
abuse	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
people	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
had	VBN
an	DT
experience	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
were	VBD
choked	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
abuse	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
choking	VBG
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
with	IN
drowning	VBG
or	CC
on	IN
food	NN
itself	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
may	MD
develop	VB
a	DT
phobia	NN
of	IN
choking	VBG
,	,
which	WDT
would	MD
then	RB
be	VB
cause	NN
of	IN
avoiding	VBG
food	NN
;	:
and	CC
as	RB
recently	RB
noted	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
wrote	VBD
to	TO
me	PRP
,	,
someone	NN
suffering	VBG
a	DT
childhood	NN
illness	NN
which	WDT
prevented	VBD
``	``
normal	JJ
''	''
eating	VBG
patterns	NNS
could	MD
develop	VB
a	DT
phobia	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
foods	NNS
outside	IN
that	IN
``	``
safe	JJ
''	''
realm	NN
of	IN
what	WP
they	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
eat	VB
during	IN
the	DT
onset	NN
of	IN
the	DT
illness	NN
.	.
Phobias	NNS
or	CC
Phobic	JJ
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
considered	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
group	NN
of	IN
anxiety	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
panic	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
post-traumatic	JJ
stress	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
and	CC
obsessive-compulsive	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
all	DT
of	IN
which	WDT
are	VBP
also	RB
not-so-uncommon	JJ
to	TO
find	VB
amongst	IN
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
In	IN
looking	VBG
at	IN
emotional\/psychological	JJ
disorders	NNS
and	CC
disturbances	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
whole	NN
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
fairly	RB
easy	JJ
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
physical	JJ
manifestations	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
given	VBN
disorder	NN
,	,
they	PRP
all	DT
share	NN
one	CD
common	JJ
goal	NN
to	TO
move	VB
closer	RBR
to	TO
recovery	NN
...	:
finding	NN
and	CC
facing	VBG
the	DT
underlying	VBG
issue	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
caused	VBD
the	DT
initial	JJ
onset	NN
of	IN
the	DT
behavior	NN
and\/or	CC
emotions	NNS
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
try	VBP
and	CC
explain	VBP
the	DT
problem	NN
.	.
Its	PRP$
not	RB
how	WRB
much	JJ
or	CC
how	WRB
little	JJ
I	PRP
eat	VBP
,	,
no	DT
binging	NN
or	CC
purging	VBG
,	,
its	PRP$
what	WP
I	PRP
eat	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
read	VBN
numerous	JJ
times	NNS
that	WDT
EDs	NNP
are	VBP
a	DT
symptom	NN
of	IN
another	DT
problem	NN
.	.
What	WP
if	IN
food	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
problem	NN
?	.
Many	JJ
people	NNS
suffer	VBP
to	TO
one	CD
degree	NN
or	CC
another	DT
from	IN
irrational	JJ
phobias	NNS
,	,
often	RB
relating	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
traumatic	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
what	WP
if	IN
that	DT
phobia	NN
is	VBZ
food	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
people	NNS
dislike	VBP
a	DT
particular	JJ
food	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
its	PRP$
asociation	NN
with	IN
an	DT
experience	NN
,	,
now	RB
take	VBP
that	DT
to	TO
its	PRP$
extreme	NN
.	.
Until	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
6-7	CD
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
continually	RB
ill	JJ
and	CC
in	IN
and	CC
out	IN
of	IN
hospital	NN
,	,
whooping	JJ
cough	NN
,	,
tuberculosis	NN
annd	NN
meningitis	NN
,	,
anyone	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
could	MD
have	VB
proved	VBN
fatal	JJ
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
usuall	NN
run	VB
off	RP
the	DT
mill	NN
childhood	NN
illnesses	NNS
filling	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
gaps	NNS
.	.
During	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
often	RB
very	RB
difficult	JJ
to	TO
keep	VB
food	NN
down	RB
,	,
all	DT
I	PRP
could	MD
keep	VB
down	RP
was	VBD
fairly	RB
bland	JJ
.	.
Overtime	NN
,	,
bearing	VBG
in	IN
mind	NN
my	PRP$
age	NN
,	,
this	DT
created	VBD
an	DT
assoociation	NN
food	NN
cause	NN
me	PRP
harm	NN
,	,
this	DT
included	VBD
any	DT
form	NN
of	IN
meat	NN
,	,
veg	NN
,	,
cheese	NN
or	CC
anything	NN
with	IN
any	DT
real	JJ
taste	NN
.	.
I	PRP
wont	VBD
go	VB
into	IN
what	WP
my	PRP$
daily	JJ
diet	NN
usually	RB
consists	VBZ
,	,
but	CC
suffice	VBP
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
their	PRP$
is	VBZ
nothing	NN
really	RB
that	IN
you	PRP
could	MD
term	VB
as	IN
a	DT
socially	RB
exceptable	JJ
meal	NN
.	.
As	IN
with	IN
any	DT
phobia	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
tendancy	NN
to	TO
aviod	NN
situations	NNS
where	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
have	VB
to	TO
confront	VB
it	PRP
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
eating	VBG
socially	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
parent	NN
's	POS
attempts	NNS
at	IN
solving	VBG
the	DT
problem	NN
only	RB
made	VBD
matters	NNS
worse	RBR
,	,
first	JJ
were	VBD
attempts	NNS
at	IN
force	NN
feeding	VBG
which	WDT
only	RB
served	VBD
to	TO
reinforce	VB
the	DT
problem	NN
.	.
Probably	RB
the	DT
cruellest	JJS
thing	NN
was	VBD
trying	VBG
to	TO
`	``
shame	NN
'	''
me	PRP
into	IN
eating	VBG
normally	RB
,	,
effectively	RB
making	VBG
me	PRP
feel	VB
like	IN
an	DT
abnormal	JJ
freak	NN
only	RB
serving	VBG
to	TO
make	VB
me	PRP
more	RBR
self	NN
conscious	JJ
of	IN
a	DT
problem	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
felt	VBD
was	VBD
outside	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
control	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
very	RB
secretive	JJ
regarding	VBG
the	DT
problem	NN
,	,
most	JJS
of	IN
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
dont	VBP
even	RB
know	VB
,	,
I	PRP
avoid	VBP
any	DT
event	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
could	MD
be	VB
`	``
outed	VBN
'	''
like	IN
the	DT
plague	VB
and	CC
those	DT
that	IN
I	PRP
cant	VBP
get	VB
out	IN
of	IN
such	JJ
as	IN
invites	VBZ
to	TO
relatives	NNS
weddings	NNS
etc	FW
will	MD
cause	VB
anxiety	NN
attacks	NNS
similar	JJ
to	TO
those	DT
many	JJ
of	IN
you	PRP
may	MD
experience	VB
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
suffer	VB
from	IN
low	JJ
self	NN
esteem	NN
,	,
lack	NN
of	IN
confidence	NN
and	CC
depression	NN
,	,
mainly	RB
though	IN
not	RB
feeling	VBG
like	IN
a	DT
normally	RB
fully	RB
participating	VBG
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
human	JJ
race	NN
and	CC
as	IN
I	PRP
get	VBP
older	JJR
becoming	VBG
a	DT
very	RB
lonely	JJ
social	JJ
leper	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBN
comments	NNS
like	IN
why	WRB
dont	JJ
you	PRP
just	RB
try	VBP
.	.
What	WP
people	NNS
dont	JJ
realize	VBP
is	VBZ
that	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
reacts	VBZ
to	TO
what	WP
they	PRP
consider	VBP
as	IN
a	DT
normal	JJ
diet	NN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
way	NN
as	IN
their	PRP$
's	POS
would	MD
is	VBZ
asked	VBN
to	TO
eat	VB
something	NN
they	PRP
wouldnt	VBD
consider	VB
as	IN
food	NN
or	CC
if	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
eating	VBG
something	NN
,	,
then	RB
found	VBD
out	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
eating	VBG
their	PRP$
pet	NN
cat	NN
for	IN
example	NN
.	.
You	PRP
cant	VBP
swallow	VB
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
your	PRP$
throat	NN
goes	VBZ
into	IN
spasm	NN
and	CC
you	PRP
start	VBP
reaching	VBG
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
compounded	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
my	PRP$
tastebuds\/palette	NN
are	VBP
uneducated	JJ
and	CC
trigger	NN
this	DT
reaction	NN
to	TO
`	``
non	VB
food	NN
'	''
.	.
This	DT
reaction	NN
then	RB
goes	VBZ
someway	NN
to	TO
reinforcing	VBG
the	DT
original	JJ
phobia	NN
and	CC
you	PRP
end	VBP
up	RP
going	VBG
round	NN
in	IN
circles	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
tried	VBN
getting	VBG
help	NN
at	IN
different	JJ
times	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
found	VBN
doctors	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
totally	RB
unhelpful	JJ
,	,
often	RB
failing	VBG
to	TO
comprehend	VB
the	DT
problem	NN
or	CC
its	PRP$
impact	NN
on	IN
me	PRP
neither	DT
mentally	RB
or	CC
socially	RB
let	VB
alone	RB
the	DT
totally	RB
imbalanced	JJ
diet	NN
.	.
To	TO
get	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
realize	VB
the	DT
scale	NN
of	IN
the	DT
problem	NN
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
to	TO
tell	VB
them	PRP
what	WP
I	PRP
lived	VBD
on	IN
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
something	NN
it	PRP
took	VBD
a	DT
therapist	NN
many	JJ
weeks	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
out	IN
of	IN
me	PRP
.	.
Unfortunatly	NNP
at	IN
that	DT
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
just	RB
come	VBN
out	IN
of	IN
a	DT
relationship	NN
and	CC
facing	VBG
being	VBG
alone	RB
again	RB
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
in	IN
8	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
impact	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
if	IN
I	PRP
were	VBD
not	RB
to	TO
lead	VB
the	DT
life	NN
of	IN
a	DT
total	JJ
hermit	NN
.	.
The	DT
therapist	NN
spent	VBD
most	JJS
of	IN
her	PRP$
time	NN
trying	VBG
to	TO
stop	VB
me	PRP
going	VBG
totally	RB
unhinged	VBN
.	.
Keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
that	IN
physical	JJ
attributes	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
caused	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
factors	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
vitamin	NN
and	CC
mineral	NN
deficiencies	NNS
,	,
hormone	NN
loss	NN
,	,
electrolyte	NN
imbalances	NNS
,	,
continued	VBD
strain	NN
on	IN
the	DT
body	NN
and	CC
fatigue	NN
.	.
Problems	NNS
muscle	NN
tone	NN
in	IN
the	DT
gastrointestinal	JJ
tract	NN
,	,
and	CC
liver	NN
.	.
Depression	NN
and	CC
anxiety	NN
.	.
Anemia	NN
,	,
contributes	VBZ
to	TO
electrolyte	VB
imbalances	NNS
.	.
Memory	NN
loss	NN
,	,
nervous	JJ
system	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
immune	JJ
system	NN
problems	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
low	JJ
platelet	NN
count	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
DEFICIENCY	NN
SYMPTOMS	NNS
:	:
appetite	NN
loss	NN
,	,
diminished	VBN
reflex	JJ
responses	NNS
,	,
fatigue	NN
,	,
irritability	NN
,	,
memory	NN
impairment	NN
,	,
mental	JJ
depression	NN
and	CC
confusion	NN
,	,
nervousness	NN
,	,
pernicious	JJ
anemia	NN
,	,
unpleasant	JJ
body	NN
odor	NN
,	,
walking	VBG
and	CC
speaking	VBG
difficulties	NNS
,	,
weakness	NN
in	IN
arms	NNS
and	CC
legs	NNS
.	.
A	DT
deficiency	NN
can	MD
cause	VB
problems	NNS
with	IN
digestion	NN
,	,
absorption	NN
of	IN
food	NN
,	,
metabolism	NN
of	IN
carbohydrates	NNS
and	CC
fats	NNS
,	,
nerves	NNS
,	,
fertility	NN
,	,
growth	NN
and	CC
development	NN
.	.
There	EX
can	MD
also	RB
be	VB
hallucinations	NNS
,	,
memory	NN
loss	NN
,	,
eye	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
anemia	NN
.	.
A	DT
vitamin	NN
B12	CD
deficiency	NN
can	MD
indicate	VB
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
problem	NN
with	IN
absorption	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
common	JJ
in	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
digestive	JJ
disorders	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Vitamin	NNP
C	NNP
:	:
Found	VBN
in	IN
green	JJ
vegetables	NNS
,	,
berries	NNS
and	CC
citrus	NN
fruits	NNS
,	,
asparagus	NN
,	,
broccoli	NN
,	,
beef	NN
liver	NN
,	,
brussel	NN
sprouts	NNS
,	,
cataloupe	NN
,	,
cauliflower	NN
,	,
citrus	NN
fruits	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
grapefruit	NN
and	CC
oranges	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
lemons	NNS
,	,
mangos	NNS
,	,
sweet	JJ
peppers	NNS
,	,
pineapple	NN
,	,
radishes	NNS
,	,
spinach	NN
,	,
strawberries	NNS
,	,
and	CC
tomatoes	NNS
--	:
just	RB
about	IN
all	DT
fresh	JJ
fruits	NNS
and	CC
vegetables	NNS
.	.
Folid	NNP
Acid	NNP
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
for	IN
energy	NN
production	NN
,	,
protein	NN
metabolism	NN
,	,
the	DT
formation	NN
of	IN
red	JJ
blood	NN
cells	NNS
and	CC
it	PRP
vital	JJ
for	IN
normal	JJ
growth	NN
and	CC
development	NN
.	.
A	DT
deficiency	NN
of	IN
Folic	NNP
Acid	NNP
may	MD
contribute	VB
to	TO
depression	NN
and	CC
anxiety	NN
,	,
a	DT
B12	NNP
deficiency	NN
,	,
and	CC
birth	NN
defects	NNS
in	IN
pregnant	JJ
women	NNS
.	.
DEFICIENCY	NN
SYMPTOMS	NNS
:	:
depression	NN
,	,
elevated	VBN
serum	NN
cholesterol	NN
,	,
fractures	NNS
and	CC
bone	NN
deforminities	NNS
,	,
general	JJ
weakness	NN
,	,
impaired	VBN
respiration	NN
,	,
skin	NN
sores	NNS
.	.
Osteoporosis	NN
,	,
slowed	VBD
healing	NN
procsss	NN
,	,
poor	JJ
hair	NN
and	CC
skin	NN
coloring	NN
and	CC
loss	NN
in	IN
taste	NN
sensitivity	NN
.	.
Copper	NN
works	NNS
in	IN
balance	NN
with	IN
zinc	NN
and	CC
vitamin	NN
c	NN
to	TO
form	VB
elastin	NN
and	CC
aids	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
formation	NN
of	IN
bones	NNS
and	CC
red	JJ
blood	NN
cells	NNS
.	.
Decreased	JJ
chances	NNS
of	IN
breast	NN
cancer	NN
,	,
slowed	VBD
mental	JJ
and	CC
physical	JJ
development	NN
.	.
Thyroid	JJ
dysfunction	NN
.	.
Iodine	NN
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
healthy	JJ
thyroid	NN
.	.
Mental	NNP
retardation	NN
may	MD
result	VB
from	IN
an	DT
iodine	NN
deficiency	NN
in	IN
children	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
only	RB
needed	VBN
in	IN
trace	VBP
amounts	NNS
.	.
Found	NNP
in	IN
most	JJS
foods	NNS
,	,
especially	RB
dairy	NN
products	NNS
,	,
fish	RB
,	,
meat	NN
and	CC
seafood	NN
.	.
Also	RB
:	:
apples	NNS
,	,
apricots	NNS
,	,
bananas	NNS
,	,
brown	JJ
rice	NN
,	,
figs	NNS
,	,
garlic	NN
,	,
lima	NN
beans	NNS
,	,
peaches	NNS
,	,
salmon	NN
,	,
sesame	NN
seeds	NNS
,	,
tofu	NN
,	,
green	JJ
leafy	JJ
vegetables	NNS
,	,
wheat	NN
and	CC
whole	JJ
grains	NNS
.	.
DEFICIENCY	NN
SYMPTOMS	NNS
:	:
aching	VBG
muscles	NNS
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
broken	VBN
nails	NNS
,	,
confusion	NN
,	,
decreased	VBD
blood	NN
pressure	NN
and	CC
body	NN
temperature	NN
,	,
disorientation	NN
,	,
easily	RB
aroused	VBN
anger	NN
,	,
hair	NN
loss	NN
,	,
hyperactivity	NN
,	,
insomnia	NN
,	,
muscle	NN
tremors	NNS
,	,
nervousness	NN
,	,
noise	NN
sensitivity	NN
,	,
rapid	JJ
pulse	NN
and	CC
sound	JJ
sensitivity	NN
.	.
Deficiency	NN
interferes	VBZ
with	IN
the	DT
transmission	NN
of	IN
nerve	NN
and	CC
muscle	NN
impulses	NNS
,	,
causes	VBZ
depression	NN
and	CC
dizziness	NN
,	,
muscle	NN
weakness	NN
,	,
twitching	NN
,	,
heart	NN
disease	NN
and	CC
blood	NN
pressure	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
and	CC
disruption	NN
in	IN
proper	JJ
pH	NN
balance	NN
.	.
Magnesium	NNP
plays	VBZ
an	DT
important	JJ
role	NN
in	IN
the	DT
formation	NN
of	IN
bone	NN
,	,
carbohydrate	NN
and	CC
mineral	NN
metabolism	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
vital	JJ
to	TO
enzyme	NN
activity	NN
and	CC
assists	VBZ
in	IN
calcium	NN
and	CC
potassium	NN
uptake	NN
.	.
Use	NN
of	IN
diuretics	NNS
,	,
laxatives	NNS
,	,
vomitting	VBG
and	CC
diarrhea	NN
can	MD
significantly	RB
contribute	VB
to	TO
the	DT
body	NN
's	POS
need	NN
for	IN
magnesium	NN
.	.
DEFICIENCY	NN
SYMPTOMS	NNS
:	:
Appetite	NN
loss	NN
,	,
bone	NN
pain	NN
,	,
fatigue	NN
,	,
irregular	JJ
breathing	NN
,	,
nervous	JJ
disorders	NNS
;	:
Bone	NNP
and	CC
tooth	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
heart	NN
and	CC
kidney	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
Phosphorus	NNP
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
for	IN
helping	VBG
the	DT
body	NN
to	TO
utilize	VB
vitamins	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
convert	VB
food	NN
to	TO
energy	NN
.	.
A	DT
balance	NN
of	IN
magnesium	NN
,	,
calcium	NN
and	CC
phosphorus	NN
should	MD
always	RB
be	VB
maintained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
body	NN
for	IN
proper	JJ
health	NN
.	.
Diets	NNS
high	JJ
in	IN
junk	NN
food	NN
,	,
including	VBG
soda	NN
and	CC
diet	NN
soda	NN
,	,
can	MD
contribute	VB
to	TO
too	RB
much	JJ
phosphorus	NN
which	WDT
can	MD
inhibit	VB
calcium	NN
uptake	NN
.	.
Food	NNP
sources	NNS
for	IN
Potassium	NNP
include	VBP
dairy	NN
foods	NNS
,	,
fish	RB
,	,
fruit	NN
,	,
meat	NN
,	,
poultry	NN
and	CC
vegetables	NNS
,	,
whole	JJ
grains	NNS
,	,
apricots	NNS
,	,
avocado	NN
,	,
bananas	NNS
,	,
brown	JJ
rice	NN
,	,
cantaloupe	NN
,	,
carrot	NN
juice	NN
,	,
dates	NNS
,	,
figs	NNS
,	,
dried	VBN
fruit	NN
,	,
garlic	NN
,	,
lima	NN
beans	NNS
,	,
nuts	NNS
,	,
peaches	NNS
,	,
potatoes	NNS
,	,
raisins	NNS
,	,
wheat	NN
bran	NN
and	CC
yams	NNS
.	.
Confusion	NN
,	,
low	JJ
blood	NN
sugar	NN
,	,
dehydration	NN
,	,
lethargy	NN
,	,
heart	NN
palpatations	NNS
and	CC
heart	NN
attack	NN
.	.
Sodium	NN
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
for	IN
maintaining	VBG
the	DT
proper	JJ
water	NN
balance	NN
and	CC
blood	NN
pH.	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
needed	VBN
for	IN
stomach	NN
,	,
nerve	NN
and	CC
muscle	NN
function	NN
.	.
Dryness	NN
of	IN
skin	NN
,	,
increased	VBD
risks	NNS
of	IN
infection	NN
,	,
poor	JJ
resistance	NN
to	TO
bacterial	JJ
infections	NNS
.	.
Sulfur	NN
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
to	TO
disinfecting	VBG
the	DT
blood	NN
and	CC
resisting	VBG
bacteria	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
aids	VBZ
in	IN
oxidation	NN
reactions	NNS
,	,
stimulates	VBZ
bile	JJ
secretions	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
liver	NN
and	CC
protects	VBZ
against	IN
toxic	JJ
substances	NNS
.	.
Zinc	NN
:	:
Found	VBN
in	IN
fish	NN
,	,
meats	NNS
,	,
poultry	NN
,	,
seafood	NN
and	CC
whole	JJ
grains	NNS
,	,
beef	NN
liver	NN
,	,
egg	NN
yolks	NNS
,	,
lamb	NN
chops	NNS
,	,
lima	NN
beans	NNS
,	,
liver	NN
,	,
mushrooms	NNS
,	,
pecans	NNS
,	,
pumpkin	JJ
seeds	NNS
,	,
sardines	NNS
,	,
and	CC
soybeans	NNS
,	,
wheat	NN
germ	NN
and	CC
whole	JJ
grains	NNS
.	.
DEFICIENCY	NN
SYMPTOMS	NNS
:	:
Acne	NN
,	,
brittle	JJ
nails	NNS
,	,
decreased	VBD
learning	VBG
ability	NN
,	,
delayed	VBN
sexual	JJ
maturity	NN
,	,
eczema	NN
,	,
fatigue	NN
,	,
loss	NN
of	IN
taste	NN
and	CC
smell	NN
,	,
poor	JJ
appetite	NN
,	,
poor	JJ
circulation	NN
,	,
poor	JJ
memory	NN
,	,
prolonged	VBN
wound	NN
healing	NN
,	,
retarded	JJ
growth	NN
,	,
skin	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
splitting	NN
hair	NN
,	,
sterility	NN
,	,
white	JJ
spots	NNS
on	IN
nails	NNS
;	:
Problems	NNS
with	IN
prostate	NN
gland	NN
function	NN
,	,
and	CC
immune	JJ
system	NN
,	,
liver	NN
damage	NN
.	.
Zinc	NN
intake	NN
and	CC
absorption	NN
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
to	TO
maintain	VB
the	DT
proper	JJ
concentrations	NNS
of	IN
vitamin	NN
E	NN
in	IN
the	DT
blood	NN
.	.
Zinc	NN
levels	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
decreased	VBN
by	IN
diarrhea	NN
,	,
kidney	NN
disease	NN
,	,
cirrhosis	NN
or	CC
the	DT
liver	NN
,	,
diabetes	NN
.	.
Consuming	VBG
``	``
hard	JJ
water	NN
''	''
can	MD
upset	VB
zinc	NN
levels	NNS
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
study	NN
conducted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Cancer	NNP
Institute	NNP
during	IN
1978	CD
and	CC
1979	CD
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
concluded	VBN
that	IN
heavy	JJ
users	NNS
of	IN
Saccharin	NNP
,	,
and	CC
products	NNS
containing	VBG
it	PRP
such	JJ
as	IN
diet	NN
soda	NN
,	,
could	MD
be	VB
at	IN
an	DT
increased	VBN
risk	NN
of	IN
developing	VBG
bladder	NN
cancer	NN
.	.
``	``
Heavy	JJ
use	NN
''	''
was	VBD
defined	VBN
as	IN
``	``
two	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
8-ounce	JJ
servings	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
diet	NN
drink	NN
per	IN
day	NN
,	,
''	''
or	CC
``	``
six	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
servings	NNS
of	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
packets	NNS
of	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
sugar	NN
substitute	NN
per	IN
day	NN
.	.
''	''
Saccharin	NNP
,	,
used	VBD
long-term	JJ
,	,
does	VBZ
not	RB
promote	VB
good	JJ
health	NN
,	,
but	CC
if	IN
you	PRP
must	MD
use	VB
an	DT
artificial	JJ
sweetener	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
diabetic	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
please	VB
choose	VB
Saccharin	NNP
products	NNS
over	IN
popular	JJ
Aspartame-containing	JJ
ones	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
see	VB
below	IN
!	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Known	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
world	NN
as	IN
Nutrasweet	NNP
or	CC
Equal	NNP
,	,
Aspartame	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
most	RBS
popular	JJ
artificial	JJ
sweetener	NN
used	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
known	VBN
to	TO
potentially	RB
cause	VB
cancer	NN
and	CC
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
wide	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
behavioral	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
humans	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
cause	VB
seizures	NNS
and	CC
even	RB
death	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Feb.	NNP
1994	CD
Department	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
and	CC
Human	NNP
Services	NNPS
Report	NNP
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
It	PRP
is	VBZ
considered	VBN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
dangerous	JJ
additives	NNS
in	IN
food	NN
today	NN
.	.
Of	IN
the	DT
allergic	JJ
reactions	NNS
to	TO
food	NN
that	WDT
are	VBP
reported	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
FDA	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
accounts	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
reason	NN
in	IN
75	CD
%	NN
of	IN
the	DT
cases	NNS
.	.
Aspartame	NNP
can	MD
often	RB
be	VB
found	VBN
in	IN
:	:
diet	NN
sodas	NNS
,	,
ice-teas	NNS
,	,
coffee	NN
drinks	NNS
,	,
breath	NN
mints	NNS
,	,
cereals	NNS
,	,
sugar-free	JJ
gums	NNS
,	,
jello	NN
,	,
frozen	VBN
yogurt	NN
,	,
wine	NN
coolers	NNS
,	,
multivitamins	NNS
and	CC
children	NNS
's	POS
vitamins	NNS
,	,
milks	NNS
drinks	NNS
,	,
laxatives	NNS
and	CC
many	JJ
more	JJR
products	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
also	RB
be	VB
in	IN
products	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
NOT	NNP
promoted	VBD
as	IN
``	``
sugar-free	JJ
''	''
.	.
Sucralose	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
artificial	JJ
sweetener	NN
made	VBN
from	IN
sugar	NN
--	:
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
chlorinated	JJ
sucrose	NN
derivative	NN
.	.
Though	IN
considered	VBN
``	``
safer	JJR
''	''
than	IN
aspartame	NN
or	CC
saccharin	NN
by	IN
many	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
thought	VBN
that	IN
there	EX
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
enough	JJ
long-term	JJ
studies	NNS
done	VBN
on	IN
this	DT
product	NN
,	,
and	CC
many	JJ
believe	VBP
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
just	RB
as	IN
hazardous	JJ
as	IN
some	DT
of	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
competitors	NNS
.	.
Research	NNP
in	IN
animals	NNS
has	VBZ
shown	VBN
the	DT
following	JJ
side	NN
effects	NNS
:	:
chest	NN
pains	NNS
,	,
irritability	NN
,	,
confusion	NN
,	,
fatigue	NN
,	,
shrunken	JJ
thymus	NN
gland	NN
,	,
enlarged	JJ
liver	NN
and	CC
kidneys	NNS
,	,
reduced	VBN
growth	NN
rate	NN
,	,
decreased	VBD
red	JJ
blood	NN
cell	NN
count	NN
,	,
hyperplasia	NN
of	IN
pelvis	NNS
,	,
miscarraige	NN
,	,
decreased	VBD
fetal	JJ
body	NN
weights	NNS
,	,
changes	NNS
in	IN
mood	NN
,	,
and	CC
diarrhea	NN
.	.
We	PRP
all	DT
need	VBP
a	DT
certain	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
fat	JJ
in	IN
our	PRP$
diets	NNS
.	.
Too	RB
much	RB
is	VBZ
not	RB
good	JJ
either	RB
,	,
but	CC
none	NN
is	VBZ
potentially	RB
dangerous	JJ
.	.
Fat	NNP
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
for	IN
proper	JJ
growth	NN
and	CC
development	NN
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
proper	JJ
absorption	NN
of	IN
fat-soluable	JJ
vitamins	NNS
like	IN
A	DT
,	,
D	NNP
,	,
E	NNP
and	CC
K	NNP
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
the	DT
only	JJ
source	NN
of	IN
certain	JJ
essential	JJ
fatty	JJ
acids	NNS
.	.
Olestra	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
fat-based	JJ
fat	JJ
substitute	NN
--	:
a	DT
synthetic	JJ
mixture	NN
of	IN
sugar	NN
and	CC
vegetable	NN
oil	NN
that	WDT
passes	VBZ
through	IN
the	DT
body	NN
without	IN
adding	VBG
fat	JJ
or	CC
calories	NNS
.	.
The	DT
FDA	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
great	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
critics	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
believe	VB
there	EX
has	VBZ
been	VBN
sufficient	JJ
testing	NN
on	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
safety	NN
in	IN
long-term	JJ
use	NN
.	.
It	PRP
passes	VBZ
through	IN
the	DT
body	NN
undigested	JJ
,	,
so	RB
what	WP
does	VBZ
it	PRP
do	VB
as	IN
it	PRP
runs	VBZ
its	PRP$
course	NN
?	.
Critics	NNS
are	VBP
concerned	VBN
that	IN
it	PRP
will	MD
steal	VB
from	IN
the	DT
body	NN
essential	JJ
nutrients	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
vitamins	NNS
A	DT
,	,
D	NNP
,	,
E	NNP
and	CC
K	NNP
,	,
beta-carotene	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
others	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
by	IN
up	RB
to	TO
30	CD
%	NN
.	.
``	``
These	DT
vitamins	NNS
attach	VBP
themselves	PRP
to	TO
fat	JJ
,	,
so	RB
when	WRB
they	PRP
stick	VBP
to	TO
olestra	VB
by	IN
mistake	NN
they	PRP
get	VBP
flushed	VBN
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
body	NN
undigested	JJ
.	.
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Health	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
News	NNP
,	,
December	NNP
1995	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Olestra	NNP
can	MD
also	RB
deplete	VB
the	DT
body	NN
of	IN
carotenoids	NNS
--	:
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
substances	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
lutein	NN
and	CC
zeaxanthin	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
keep	VB
your	PRP$
immune	JJ
system	NN
healthy	JJ
and	CC
help	VB
to	TO
prevent	VB
things	NNS
like	IN
heart	NN
disease	NN
,	,
cancer	NN
,	,
and	CC
vision	NN
problem	NN
.	.
One	CD
of	IN
Olestra	NNP
's	POS
immediate	JJ
effects	NNS
,	,
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
way	NN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
passed	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
system	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
can	MD
cause	VB
gas	NN
,	,
cramping	VBG
and	CC
diarrhea	NN
.	.
The	DT
Mayo	NNP
Clinic	NNP
recommends	VBZ
that	IN
``	``
It	PRP
's	VBZ
okay	JJ
in	IN
small	JJ
amounts	NNS
if	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
a	DT
healthy	JJ
adult	NN
who	WP
's	VBZ
eating	VBG
a	DT
well-balanced	JJ
diet	NN
and	CC
aware	JJ
of	IN
potential	JJ
risks	NNS
.	.
But	CC
at	IN
this	DT
time	NN
we	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
comfortably	RB
recommend	VB
that	DT
children	NNS
and	CC
teens	NNS
eat	VBP
foods	NNS
made	VBN
with	IN
olestra	NN
because	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
only	RB
limited	JJ
studies	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
substitute	NN
that	WDT
have	VBP
included	VBN
them	PRP
.	.
''	''
Because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
dangers	NNS
you	PRP
present	VBP
to	TO
yourself	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
baby	NN
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
not	RB
attempt	VB
to	TO
get	VB
pregnant	JJ
until	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
well	RB
on	IN
your	PRP$
way	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
,	,
or	CC
recovered	VBD
.	.
You	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
talk	VB
to	TO
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
comfortably	RB
about	IN
your	PRP$
history	NN
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Women	NNS
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
who	WP
get	VBP
pregnant	JJ
can	MD
be	VB
at	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
risk	NN
for	IN
miscarraige	NN
,	,
high-risk	JJ
pregnancy	NN
and	CC
complications	NNS
,	,
and	CC
birth	NN
defects	NNS
including	VBG
those	DT
that	WDT
can	MD
cause	VB
the	DT
mom	NN
or	CC
the	DT
baby	NN
's	POS
death	NN
.	.
Having	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
can	MD
increase	VB
your	PRP$
chances	NNS
of	IN
never	RB
being	VBG
able	JJ
to	TO
get	VB
pregnant	JJ
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
longer	RBR
you	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
the	DT
higher	JJR
the	DT
risk	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
will	MD
face	VB
some	DT
type	NN
of	IN
fertility	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
Should	MD
you	PRP
be	VB
on	IN
the	DT
road	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
,	,
or	CC
recovered	VBD
,	,
and	CC
are	VBP
having	VBG
a	DT
difficult	JJ
time	NN
getting	VBG
pregnancy	NN
,	,
talk	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
about	IN
the	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
fertility	NN
testing	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
become	VB
pregnant	JJ
there	EX
is	VBZ
nothing	NN
more	RBR
important	JJ
than	IN
what	WP
you	PRP
will	MD
put	VB
into	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
Being	VBG
pregnant	JJ
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
drain	NN
on	IN
physical	JJ
well-being	NN
,	,
thus	RB
the	DT
reason	NN
for	IN
good	JJ
pre-natal	JJ
care	NN
and	CC
overall	JJ
health	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
that	IN
Mom	NN
eat	VBP
a	DT
well-balanced	JJ
meal	NN
,	,
stay	VB
hydrated	VBN
with	IN
plenty	NN
of	IN
fluids	NNS
,	,
take	VB
her	PRP$
pre-natal	JJ
vitamins	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
a	DT
relatively	RB
stress-free	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
risks	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
having	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
including	VBG
malnutrition	NN
,	,
electrolyte	NN
imbalances	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
that	WDT
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
kidney	NN
failure	NN
,	,
heart	NN
attack	NN
and	CC
death	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
vitamin	NN
deficiencies	NNS
and	CC
dehydration	NN
--	:
all	DT
of	IN
which	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
extremely	RB
dangerous	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
developing	VBG
fetus	NN
and	CC
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
its	PRP$
death	NN
.	.
The	DT
baby	NN
that	WDT
grows	VBZ
inside	IN
you	PRP
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
provided	VBN
with	IN
enough	JJ
nutrition	NN
and	CC
a	DT
safe	JJ
environment	NN
to	TO
flourish	VB
.	.
Disorders	NNS
,	,
those	DT
who	WP
become	VBP
pregnant	JJ
are	VBP
at	IN
an	DT
increased	VBN
risk	NN
of	IN
of	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
complications	NNS
:	:
Risks	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
baby	NN
can	MD
be	VB
delayed	VBN
fetal-growth	NN
,	,
low	JJ
birth-weight	NN
babies	NNS
,	,
birth	NN
defects	NNS
,	,
fetal	JJ
abnormality	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
cleft	JJ
palate	NN
or	CC
cleft	JJ
lip	NN
,	,
jaundice	NN
,	,
respiratory	JJ
distress	NN
of	IN
the	DT
baby	NN
immediately	RB
after	IN
birth	NN
,	,
higher	JJR
death	NN
possibility	NN
to	TO
the	DT
baby	NN
in	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
trimester	NN
of	IN
pregnancy	NN
or	CC
within	IN
1	CD
month	NN
after	IN
birth	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
perinatal	JJ
mortality	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
low	JJ
Apgar	NNP
scores	NNS
--	:
The	DT
Apgar	NNP
score	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
reading	NN
of	IN
the	DT
baby	NN
's	POS
skin	NN
color	NN
,	,
heart	NN
rate	NN
,	,
movement	NN
,	,
breathing	NN
and	CC
reflexes	NNS
,	,
each	DT
rated	VBN
from	IN
0	CD
-	:
poor	JJ
,	,
to	TO
2	LS
-	:
good	JJ
.	.
The	DT
reading	NN
is	VBZ
taken	VBN
1	CD
and	CC
5	CD
minutes	NNS
after	IN
birth	NN
.	.
Other	JJ
risks	NNS
to	TO
mom	NN
and	CC
the	DT
baby	NN
include	VBP
miscarraige	NN
,	,
Gestational	NNP
Diabetes	NNP
,	,
Preeclampsia	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
toxemia	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
low	JJ
amniotic	JJ
fluid	NN
,	,
placental	JJ
separation	NN
,	,
complications	NNS
during	IN
labor	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
breech	NN
birth	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
incompetent	JJ
cervix	NN
and\/or	CC
spontaneous	JJ
abortion	NN
,	,
and	CC
increased	VBD
risk	NN
to	TO
Mom	NN
of	IN
damage	NN
to	TO
the	DT
kidneys	NNS
and	CC
heart	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
important	JJ
after	IN
the	DT
birth	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
new	JJ
baby	NN
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
you	PRP
continue	VBP
to	TO
eat	VB
right	JJ
and	CC
get	VB
the	DT
proper	JJ
nutrition	NN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
to	TO
keep	VB
your	PRP$
strength	NN
up	IN
to	TO
handle	VB
all	PDT
the	DT
changes	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
that	IN
this	DT
new	JJ
found	VBN
bundle-of-joy	NN
will	MD
bring	VB
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
handle	VB
any	DT
postpardum	NN
depression	NN
you	PRP
may	MD
suffer	VB
from	IN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
breastfeeding	VBG
,	,
eating	VBG
right	JJ
becomes	VBZ
even	RB
more	RBR
important	JJ
because	IN
you	PRP
will	MD
pass	VB
along	RP
any	DT
vitamin	NN
deficiencies	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
baby	NN
,	,
or	CC
will	MD
not	RB
produce	VB
enough	JJ
milk	NN
to	TO
feed	VB
it	PRP
.	.
These	DT
are	VBP
all	DT
important	JJ
questions	NNS
to	TO
ask	VB
yourself	PRP
when	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
deciding	VBG
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
baby	NN
and	CC
have	VB
had	VBD
a	DT
history	NN
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
decision	NN
to	TO
take	VB
lightly	RB
or	CC
to	TO
go	VB
into	IN
because	IN
you	PRP
think	VBP
this	DT
will	MD
be	VB
the	DT
motivation	NN
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
recover	VB
.	.
A	DT
baby	NN
will	MD
not	RB
just	RB
add	VB
joy	NN
and	CC
laughter	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
life	NN
...	:
they	PRP
also	RB
add	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
stress	NN
and	CC
responsibility	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
something	NN
you	PRP
should	MD
do	VB
because	IN
of	IN
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
be	VB
loved	VBN
by	IN
someone	NN
.	.
A	DT
baby	NN
will	MD
need	VB
your	PRP$
love	NN
and	CC
protection	NN
,	,
and	CC
will	MD
need	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
strong	JJ
and	CC
healthy	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
need	VB
a	DT
baby	NN
...	:
a	DT
baby	NN
will	MD
need	VB
you	PRP
.	.
``	``
Medical	JJ
Alert	NNP
''	''
tags	NNS
are	VBP
those	DT
bracelets	NNS
,	,
necklaces	NNS
,	,
keyrings	NNS
,	,
watches	NNS
,	,
and	CC
clothing	NN
tags	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
whatever	WDT
you	PRP
choose	VBP
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	IN
relay	NN
important	JJ
medical	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
medical	JJ
community	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
imprinted	VBN
with	IN
just	RB
about	IN
any	DT
medical	JJ
information	NN
you	PRP
want	VBP
,	,
or	CC
with	IN
an	DT
identification	NN
number	NN
and	CC
phone	NN
number	NN
to	TO
reference	NN
your	PRP$
medical	JJ
information	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
also	RB
many	JJ
of	IN
you	PRP
out	IN
there	RB
suffering	VBG
that	DT
have	VBP
not	RB
told	VBN
anyone	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
immediate	JJ
family	NN
,	,
or	CC
otherwise	RB
,	,
of	IN
your	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
This	DT
would	MD
leave	VB
them	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
position	NN
to	TO
also	RB
not	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
communicate	VB
with	IN
the	DT
doctors	NNS
and	CC
nurses	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
with	IN
100	CD
%	NN
accuracy	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
times	NNS
when	WRB
family	NN
doctors	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
in	IN
medical	JJ
records	NNS
,	,
making	VBG
this	DT
a	DT
deadly	JJ
secret	NN
from	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
who	WP
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
try	VB
and	CC
help	VB
in	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
,	,
whether	IN
caused	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
complication	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
or	CC
not	RB
.	.
Different	JJ
medical	JJ
alert	JJ
companies	NNS
have	VBP
different	JJ
procedures	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
below	IN
there	EX
will	MD
be	VB
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
links	NNS
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
follow	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
but	CC
generally	RB
you	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
choices	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
ID	NNP
tag	NN
you	PRP
want	VBP
and	CC
what	WP
information	NN
will	MD
go	VB
on	IN
them	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
generally	RB
NOT	RB
expensive	JJ
.	.
Some	DT
companies	NNS
offer	VBP
them	PRP
plain	RB
on	IN
one	CD
side	NN
,	,
some	DT
you	PRP
can	MD
have	VB
the	DT
choice	NN
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
the	DT
``	``
medical	JJ
alert	NN
''	''
symbol	NN
appears	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
front	NN
or	CC
back	RB
,	,
or	CC
at	IN
all	DT
,	,
and	CC
you	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
good	JJ
choice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
kind	NN
of	IN
tag	NN
you	PRP
'd	MD
like	VB
.	.
In	IN
our	PRP$
opinion	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
very	RB
important	JJ
to	TO
get	VB
a	DT
``	``
Medical	JJ
Alert	NNP
''	''
tag	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
get	VB
one	CD
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
think	VB
about	IN
it	PRP
for	IN
a	DT
while	NN
than	IN
bookmark	NN
this	DT
page	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
concerned	VBN
about	IN
privacy	NN
,	,
consider	VB
the	DT
ID	NNP
#	#
number	NN
type	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
you	PRP
can	MD
even	RB
carry	VB
a	DT
card	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
wallet	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Medic	NNP
Alert	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
company	NN
that	WDT
sells	VBZ
bracelets	NNS
and	CC
necklaces	NNS
and	CC
offers	VBZ
a	DT
24	CD
hour	NN
hot	JJ
line	NN
number	NN
that	WDT
medical	JJ
professionals	NNS
can	MD
call	VB
and	CC
get	VB
information	NN
on	IN
you	PRP
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
ID	NNP
number	NN
they	PRP
read	VBD
off	IN
of	IN
your	PRP$
bracelet	NN
.	.
You	PRP
could	MD
also	RB
just	RB
get	VB
a	DT
regular	JJ
bracelet	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
it	PRP
engraved	VBN
with	IN
something	NN
like	IN
the	DT
examples	NNS
above	IN
.	.
Heart	NNP
attack	NN
and	CC
stroke	NN
are	VBP
life-and-death	JJ
emergencies	NNS
...	:
every	DT
second	JJ
counts	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
see	VBP
or	CC
have	VBP
any	DT
of	IN
these	DT
symptoms	NNS
,	,
immediately	RB
call	VB
for	IN
help	NN
.	.
Not	RB
all	PDT
these	DT
signs	NNS
occur	VBP
in	IN
every	DT
attack	NN
.	.
Sometimes	RB
they	PRP
go	VBP
away	RB
and	CC
return	VB
.	.
If	IN
some	DT
occur	VBP
,	,
get	VBP
help	VB
fast	RB
!	.
Treatment	NNP
is	VBZ
more	RBR
effective	JJ
when	WRB
given	VBN
quickly	RB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
so	RB
important	JJ
to	TO
reduce	VB
your	PRP$
risk	NN
factors	NNS
,	,
know	VBP
the	DT
warning	NN
signs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
know	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
respond	VB
quickly	RB
and	CC
properly	RB
if	IN
warning	NN
signs	NNS
occur	VBP
.	.
Recovery	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
just	RB
about	IN
learning	VBG
to	TO
eat	VB
in	IN
a	DT
healthy	JJ
way	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
just	RB
about	IN
gaining	VBG
or	CC
losing	VBG
the	DT
required	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
.	.
While	IN
for	IN
some	DT
patients	NNS
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
important	JJ
to	TO
get	VB
medically	RB
stable	JJ
first	RB
,	,
somewhere	RB
along	IN
the	DT
path	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
everyone	NN
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
fill	VB
their	PRP$
Recovery	NNP
Toolbox	NNP
with	IN
many	JJ
items	NNS
not	RB
included	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
dietician	NN
's	POS
menu	NN
of	IN
what	WP
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
not	RB
about	RB
weight	NN
and	CC
food	NN
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
seem	VB
to	TO
be	VB
,	,
but	CC
these	DT
are	VBP
just	RB
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
something	NN
much	JJ
deeper	JJR
going	VBG
on	IN
,	,
triggered	VBN
by	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
feelings	NNS
and	CC
issues	NNS
.	.
Feelings	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
low	JJ
self-worth	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
sadness	NN
,	,
anger	NN
,	,
confusion	NN
,	,
frustration	NN
,	,
fear	NN
and	CC
insecurities	NNS
--	:
Issues	NNS
like	IN
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
,	,
dysfunctional	JJ
relationships	NNS
,	,
lack	NN
of	IN
boundaries	NNS
,	,
perfectionism	NN
,	,
being	VBG
a	DT
``	``
yes	UH
''	''
person	NN
,	,
social	JJ
self-judgement	NN
,	,
phobia	NN
or	CC
isolation	NN
--	:
are	VBP
just	RB
some	DT
simple	JJ
examples	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
willing	JJ
to	TO
find	VB
and	CC
explore	VB
what	WP
those	DT
issue	NN
are	VBP
.	.
You	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
willing	JJ
to	TO
heal	VB
from	IN
the	DT
pain	NN
and\/or	CC
anger	NN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
to	TO
learn	VB
to	TO
express	VB
and	CC
talk	VB
about	IN
what	WP
you	PRP
feel	VBP
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
address	VB
what	WP
your	PRP$
issues	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
learn	VB
to	TO
identify	VB
your	PRP$
own	JJ
negative	JJ
emotions	NNS
and	CC
what	WP
triggers	VBZ
negative	JJ
thinking	NN
.	.
Ultimately	RB
,	,
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
learn	VB
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
cope	VB
with	IN
the	DT
stress	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
the	DT
emotions	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
feel	VBP
.	.
Therapy	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
great	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
discover	VBP
what	WP
's	VBZ
going	VBG
on	IN
inside	NN
.	.
Support	NN
groups	NNS
are	VBP
helpful	JJ
.	.
Journaling	VBG
about	IN
how	WRB
you	PRP
feel	VBP
,	,
buying	VBG
self-help	JJ
books	NNS
and	CC
workbooks	NNS
,	,
going	VBG
to	TO
self-esteem	NN
seminars	NNS
,	,
thinking	VBG
about	IN
how	WRB
your	PRP$
relationships	NNS
and	CC
pivotal	JJ
people	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
have	VBP
effected	VBN
you	PRP
,	,
thinking	VBG
about	IN
choices	NNS
you	PRP
've	VBP
made	VBN
,	,
exploring	VBG
what	WP
you	PRP
have	VBP
-LRB-	-LRB-
had	VBD
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
do	VB
not	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
did	VBD
not	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
have	VBP
control	NN
over	IN
,	,
visiting	VBG
with	IN
past	JJ
major	JJ
events	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
--	:
these	DT
are	VBP
all	DT
important	JJ
parts	NNS
of	IN
getting	VBG
to	TO
your	PRP$
issues	NNS
and	CC
feelings	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
common	JJ
to	TO
hear	VB
in	IN
the	DT
recovery	NN
community	NN
--	:
``	``
use	VB
your	PRP$
voice	NN
''	''
.	.
As	IN
part	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
learn	VB
to	TO
use	VB
your	PRP$
voice	NN
...	:
to	TO
express	VB
what	WP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
feeling	VBG
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
communicate	VB
effectively	RB
with	IN
others	NNS
what	WP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
you	PRP
need	VBP
,	,
what	WP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
you	PRP
lack	VBP
,	,
what	WP
they	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
to	TO
help	VB
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
tell	VB
someone	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
feeling	VBG
insecure	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
learn	VB
to	TO
say	VB
``	``
I	PRP
'm	VBP
feeling	VBG
sad	JJ
today	NN
,	,
I	PRP
could	MD
use	VB
a	DT
hug	NN
.	.
''	''
Using	VBG
your	PRP$
voice	NN
is	VBZ
about	IN
the	DT
benefit	NN
you	PRP
get	VBP
in	IN
doing	VBG
so	RB
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
learn	VB
to	TO
express	VB
yourself	PRP
through	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Sometimes	RB
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
by	IN
taking	VBG
risks	NNS
to	TO
just	RB
say	VB
how	WRB
you	PRP
feel	VBP
to	TO
someone	NN
you	PRP
trust	NN
.	.
Sometimes	RB
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
to	TO
write	VB
a	DT
letter	NN
to	TO
someone	NN
,	,
expressing	VBG
your	PRP$
emotions	NNS
.	.
A	DT
good	JJ
place	NN
to	TO
start	VB
is	VBZ
in	IN
a	DT
journal	NN
,	,
in	IN
therapy	NN
or	CC
a	DT
support	NN
group	NN
,	,
or	CC
even	RB
in	IN
an	DT
online	JJ
support	NN
forum	NN
.	.
The	DT
important	JJ
part	NN
to	TO
remember	VB
--	:
this	DT
is	VBZ
your	PRP$
TRUE-voice	JJ
megaphone	NN
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
talk	VBP
about	IN
nothing	NN
but	CC
what	WP
you	PRP
weigh	VBP
,	,
or	CC
losing	VBG
weight	NN
,	,
or	CC
food	NN
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
censoring	VBG
your	PRP$
true	JJ
voice	NN
and	CC
what	WP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
your	PRP$
really	RB
are	VBP
feeling	VBG
and	CC
going	VBG
through	RB
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
spent	VBN
many	JJ
years	NNS
translating	VBG
your	PRP$
problems	NNS
and	CC
emotions	NNS
into	IN
concentrated	JJ
discussion	NN
on	IN
weight	NN
and	CC
food	NN
...	:
you	PRP
must	MD
learn	VB
to	TO
find	VB
your	PRP$
TRUE	JJ
voice	NN
beneith	IN
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
essential	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
recovery	NN
path	NN
to	TO
find	VB
new	JJ
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
.	.
Once	RB
you	PRP
learn	VBP
to	TO
identify	VB
your	PRP$
feelings	NNS
and	CC
issues	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
then	RB
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
them	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
difficult	JJ
slow	JJ
process	NN
,	,
but	CC
without	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
learning	VBG
healthier	RBR
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
're	VBP
left	VBN
with	IN
nothing	NN
as	IN
a	DT
healthy	JJ
replacement	NN
for	IN
a	DT
set	NN
of	IN
really	RB
unhealthy	JJ
behaviors	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
take	VBP
the	DT
money	NN
we	PRP
earn	VBP
and	CC
put	VBP
it	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
bank	NN
for	IN
when	WRB
we	PRP
need	VBP
it	PRP
...	:
A	DT
Coping	NNP
Bank	NNP
is	VBZ
essentially	RB
the	DT
same	JJ
thing	NN
.	.
We	PRP
take	VBP
what	WP
we	PRP
learn	VBP
about	IN
coping	VBG
alternatives	NNS
and	CC
put	VB
them	PRP
away	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
backs	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
minds	NNS
,	,
for	IN
when	WRB
we	PRP
need	VBP
them	PRP
.	.
Click	VB
here	RB
Read	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
making	VBG
your	PRP$
own	JJ
coping	VBG
back	RB
.	.
Constantly	RB
thinking	VBG
``	``
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
do	VB
it	PRP
''	''
will	MD
set	VB
you	PRP
up	RP
for	IN
something	NN
called	VBN
``	``
self-fulfilled	JJ
prophecy	NN
''	''
,	,
which	WDT
means	VBZ
you	PRP
predict	VBP
and	CC
carry	VBP
out	RP
your	PRP$
own	JJ
future	NN
.	.
You	PRP
do	VBP
have	VB
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
create	VB
your	PRP$
own	JJ
success	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
constantly	RB
thinking	VBG
negatively	RB
about	IN
yourself	PRP
and	CC
what	WP
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
,	,
you	PRP
only	RB
makes	VBZ
it	PRP
all	PDT
the	DT
harder	JJR
a	DT
task	NN
...	:
and	CC
it	PRP
becomes	VBZ
all	PDT
the	DT
easier	JJR
to	TO
just	RB
give	VB
in	IN
to	TO
your	PRP$
negative	JJ
thinking	NN
.	.
Being	VBG
a	DT
negative	JJ
thinker	NN
may	MD
seem	VB
``	``
natural	JJ
''	''
,	,
but	CC
learning	VBG
to	TO
give	VB
yourself	PRP
credit	NN
,	,
to	TO
look	VB
for	IN
the	DT
positives	NNS
in	IN
yourself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
say	VB
``	``
I	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
this	DT
''	''
is	VBZ
an	DT
essential	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Affirmations	NNS
can	MD
help	VB
.	.
Motivational	NNP
exercises\/games	NNS
can	MD
help	VB
.	.
Doing	VBG
a	DT
gratitude	NN
list	NN
each	DT
day	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
``	``
Today	NN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
thankful	JJ
for	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
fill	NN
in	IN
the	DT
blanks	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
''	''
--	:
it	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
as	RB
simple	JJ
as	IN
``	``
I	PRP
'm	VBP
thankful	JJ
I	PRP
made	VBD
it	PRP
through	IN
today	NN
''	''
or	CC
``	``
I	PRP
'm	VBP
thankful	JJ
for	IN
supportive	JJ
friends	NNS
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Asking	VBG
those	DT
you	PRP
love	VBP
and	CC
trust	VBP
to	TO
give	VB
you	PRP
a	DT
different	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
healthier	RBR
-RRB-	-RRB-
perspective	NN
can	MD
help	VB
.	.
Surrounding	VBG
yourself	PRP
with	IN
supportive	JJ
people	NNS
can	MD
help	VB
.	.
Something	NN
as	IN
simple	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
bumper	NN
sticker	NN
on	IN
the	DT
ceiling	NN
above	IN
your	PRP$
bed	NN
that	IN
says	VBZ
``	``
I	PRP
CAN	VBP
DO	NNP
IT	PRP
''	''
can	MD
help	VB
.	.
Find	VB
creative	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
your	PRP$
own	JJ
cheerleader	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
ask	VB
for	IN
reassurance	NN
when	WRB
you	PRP
're	VBP
having	VBG
a	DT
hard	JJ
time	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
surround	VB
yourself	PRP
will	MD
people	NNS
who	WP
will	MD
encourage	VB
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
;	:
Who	WP
will	MD
provide	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
some	DT
accountability	NN
while	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
learning	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
accountable	JJ
to	TO
yourself	PRP
;	:
Who	WP
will	MD
listen	VB
to	TO
what	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
going	VBG
through	IN
and	CC
what	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
feeling	VBG
.	.
A	DT
therapist	NN
,	,
a	DT
support	NN
group	NN
,	,
a	DT
close	JJ
friend	NN
,	,
a	DT
spouse	NN
or	CC
partner	NN
,	,
a	DT
family	NN
member	NN
,	,
or	CC
even	RB
an	DT
online	JJ
bulletin	NN
board	NN
...	:
they	PRP
can	MD
all	RB
be	VB
supportive	JJ
in	IN
your	PRP$
fight	NN
for	IN
self	NN
discovery	NN
and	CC
recovery	NN
.	.
Ask	NN
friends	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
you	PRP
accountable	JJ
.	.
Ask	NN
family	NN
members	NNS
to	TO
ask	VB
you	PRP
how	WRB
you	PRP
really	RB
feel	VBP
when	WRB
you	PRP
start	VBP
harping	VBG
on	IN
weight	NN
and	CC
food	NN
.	.
Ask	VB
your	PRP$
spouse	NN
to	TO
listen	VB
to	TO
your	PRP$
insecurities	NNS
.	.
Ask	NN
anyone	NN
willing	JJ
to	TO
support	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
listen	VB
,	,
and	CC
ask	VB
them	PRP
for	IN
what	WP
you	PRP
need	VBP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
up	RB
to	TO
you	PRP
to	TO
get	VB
what	WP
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
recover	VB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
up	RB
to	TO
you	PRP
to	TO
ask	VB
for	IN
help	NN
to	TO
get	VB
what	WP
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
recover	VB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
up	RB
to	TO
you	PRP
if	IN
you	PRP
take	VBP
your	PRP$
meds	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
necessary	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
up	RB
to	TO
you	PRP
to	TO
say	VB
they	PRP
are	VBP
n't	RB
working	VBG
if	IN
they	PRP
're	VBP
not	RB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
up	RB
to	TO
you	PRP
to	TO
show	VB
up	RP
for	IN
your	PRP$
therapy	NN
appointments	NNS
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
up	RB
to	TO
you	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
honest	JJ
with	IN
your	PRP$
therapist	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
support	NN
people	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
AND	CC
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
having	VBG
a	DT
seriously	RB
hard	JJ
time	NN
doing	VBG
any	DT
of	IN
these	DT
things	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
up	RB
to	TO
you	PRP
to	TO
say	VB
``	``
I	PRP
need	VBP
more	JJR
help	NN
here	RB
.	.
''	''
In	IN
our	PRP$
recovery	NN
from	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
things	NNS
we	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
learn	VB
to	TO
do	VB
is	VBZ
to	TO
find	VB
better	JJR
ways	NNS
to	TO
cope	VB
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNS
that	IN
these	DT
behaviors	NNS
were	VBD
good	JJ
``	``
emotion	NN
blockers	NNS
.	.
''	''
We	PRP
've	VBP
discovered	VBN
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
subconsciously	RB
,	,
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
easier	JJR
to	TO
think	VB
about	IN
food	NN
,	,
not	RB
eating	VBG
,	,
eating	VBG
too	RB
much	RB
,	,
what	WP
we	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
or	CC
will	MD
eat	VB
,	,
how	WRB
many	JJ
calories	NNS
we	PRP
just	RB
had	VBD
or	CC
will	MD
avoid	VB
,	,
etc.	FW
,	,
than	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
our	PRP$
feelings	NNS
and	CC
emotions	NNS
.	.
One	CD
key	NN
will	MD
be	VB
finding	VBG
a	DT
good	JJ
therapist	NN
.	.
Support	NN
groups	NNS
can	MD
work	VB
well	RB
for	IN
some	DT
as	RB
well	RB
,	,
but	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
rule	VB
out	RP
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
we	PRP
all	DT
need	VBP
some	DT
sort	NN
of	IN
professional	JJ
assitance	NN
in	IN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
these	DT
problems	NNS
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
nothing	NN
shameful	JJ
about	IN
knowing	VBG
you	PRP
need	VBP
help	NN
and	CC
seeking	VBG
it	PRP
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
be	VB
the	DT
hardest	RBS
one	CD
for	IN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
us	PRP
.	.
Begin	VB
practicing	VBG
at	IN
home	NN
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
mirror	NN
...	:
and	CC
then	RB
with	IN
people	NNS
you	PRP
are	VBP
closest	JJS
to	TO
...	:
friends	NNS
,	,
a	DT
spouse	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
support	NN
group	NN
.	.
Learning	NNP
to	TO
live	VB
in	IN
the	DT
moment	NN
and	CC
express	VB
the	DT
emotion	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
feeling	VBG
will	MD
help	VB
to	TO
give	VB
you	PRP
less	JJR
of	IN
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
it	PRP
later	RB
.	.
With	IN
low	JJ
self-esteems	NNS
it	PRP
is	VBZ
often	RB
hard	JJ
to	TO
remember	VB
that	IN
we	PRP
deserve	VBP
to	TO
feel	VB
things	NNS
,	,
but	CC
we	PRP
do	VBP
!	.
You	PRP
've	VBP
a	DT
right	NN
to	TO
any	DT
emotion	NN
you	PRP
experience	VBP
and	CC
to	TO
express	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
person	NN
hurting	VBG
you	PRP
,	,
making	VBG
you	PRP
angry	JJ
,	,
frustrating	JJ
you	PRP
or	CC
even	RB
making	VBG
you	PRP
happy	JJ
.	.
Identifying	VBG
your	PRP$
own	JJ
emotions	NNS
and	CC
things	NNS
that	WDT
trigger	VBP
them	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
an	DT
important	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
We	PRP
all	DT
have	VBP
things	NNS
that	WDT
make	VBP
us	PRP
feel	VB
sad	JJ
,	,
angry	JJ
,	,
pressured	JJ
,	,
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
and	CC
frightened	JJ
.	.
Becoming	VBG
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
things	NNS
you	PRP
feel	VBP
,	,
learning	VBG
to	TO
self-validate	VB
your	PRP$
emotions	NNS
and	CC
finding	VBG
better	JJR
alternatives	NNS
for	IN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
them	PRP
is	VBZ
all	DT
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
finding	VBG
an	DT
emotionally	RB
and	CC
physically	RB
healthy	JJ
lifestyle	NN
.	.
Coping	VBG
alternatives	NNS
and	CC
grounding	VBG
techniques	NNS
will	MD
help	VB
with	IN
this	DT
process	NN
...	:
This	DT
IS	VBZ
recovery	NN
,	,
as	RB
much	RB
so	RB
as	IN
learning	VBG
to	TO
love	VB
yourself	PRP
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WDT
.	.
Write	VB
down	RP
what	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
feeling	VBG
and	CC
what	WP
caused	VBD
you	PRP
to	TO
feel	VB
that	DT
way	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
emotions	NNS
,	,
the	DT
people	NNS
,	,
the	DT
actions	NNS
,	,
the	DT
environment	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
write	VB
down	RP
how	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
coping	VBG
with	IN
them	PRP
presently	RB
...	:
Then	RB
,	,
come	VB
up	RP
with	IN
a	DT
better	JJR
plan	NN
for	IN
next	JJ
time	NN
and	CC
write	VB
it	PRP
down	RB
!	.
Keep	VB
the	DT
list	NN
handy	JJ
,	,
write	VB
your	PRP$
self-affirmations	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
``	``
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
good	JJ
person	NN
''	''
,	,
``	``
I	PRP
love	VBP
myself	PRP
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
on	IN
a	DT
piece	NN
of	IN
paper	NN
or	CC
index	NN
cards	NNS
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
coping	VBG
alternatives	NNS
and	CC
grounding	VBG
methods	NNS
as	IN
reminders	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
choice	NN
for	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
along	IN
the	DT
way	NN
.	.
Remember	VB
,	,
the	DT
number	NN
one	CD
person	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
you	PRP
.	.
Finding	VBG
what	WP
works	NNS
and	CC
what	WP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
will	MD
take	VB
time	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
process	NN
.	.
Answers	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
fall	VB
in	IN
your	PRP$
lap	NN
overnight	RB
,	,
but	CC
as	IN
you	PRP
begin	VBP
to	TO
find	VB
your	PRP$
individual	JJ
conflicts	NNS
,	,
your	PRP$
wonderful	JJ
personality	NN
underneith	NN
your	PRP$
fear	NN
and	CC
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
begin	VB
to	TO
feel	VB
better	JJR
.	.
Find	VB
what	WP
works	VBZ
for	IN
you	PRP
,	,
whether	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
reading	VBG
or	CC
writing	VBG
,	,
support	NN
groups	NNS
or	CC
spirituality	NN
,	,
creativity	NN
and	CC
self-expression	NN
or	CC
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
above	JJ
.	.
And	CC
remind	VB
yourself	PRP
everyday	JJ
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
alone	RB
and	CC
like	IN
all	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
,	,
you	PRP
deserve	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
happy	JJ
and	CC
enjoy	VB
life	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
lose	VB
hope	NN
...	:
we	PRP
can	MD
all	DT
find	VB
our	PRP$
way	NN
there	RB
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
be	VB
afraid	JJ
to	TO
take	VB
time	NN
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Take	VB
a	DT
class	NN
in	IN
something	NN
you	PRP
've	VBP
wanted	VBN
to	TO
,	,
learn	VBP
to	TO
play	VB
a	DT
musical	JJ
instrument	NN
,	,
begin	VB
writing	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
journal	NN
every	DT
day	NN
,	,
drop	VB
the	DT
kids	NNS
off	RP
at	IN
a	DT
friend	NN
's	POS
and	CC
go	VB
to	TO
a	DT
movie	NN
...	:
do	VB
the	DT
things	NNS
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
be	VB
afraid	JJ
to	TO
say	VB
no	DT
to	TO
people	NNS
asking	VBG
favors	NNS
of	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
be	VB
afraid	JJ
to	TO
say	VB
``	``
hey	NN
,	,
I	PRP
deserve	VBP
some	DT
time	NN
to	TO
myself	PRP
.	.
''	''
A	DT
great	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
start	VB
is	VBZ
to	TO
turn	VB
the	DT
phone	NN
off	RP
for	IN
an	DT
hour	NN
a	DT
week	NN
and	CC
do	VB
something	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
totally	RB
about	IN
you	PRP
,	,
whether	IN
it	PRP
be	VB
to	TO
play	VB
a	DT
game	NN
of	IN
solitaire	NN
or	CC
to	TO
write	VB
a	DT
letter	NN
to	TO
a	DT
long	JJ
lost	VBN
friend	NN
.	.
Just	RB
make	VB
it	PRP
something	NN
positive	JJ
for	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
deserve	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
Love	NNP
Me	PRP
Cards	NNP
--	:
Make	VBP
your	PRP$
own	JJ
personal	JJ
deck	NN
of	IN
cards	NNS
that	WDT
also	RB
have	VBP
positive	JJ
affirmations	NNS
written	VBN
on	IN
them	PRP
--	:
you	PRP
can	MD
use	VB
index	NN
cards	NNS
and	CC
cut	VB
them	PRP
in	IN
half	NN
to	TO
make	VB
them	PRP
smaller	JJR
...	:
they	PRP
also	RB
come	VBP
in	IN
all	DT
kinds	NNS
of	IN
wonderful	JJ
colors	NNS
now	RB
!	.
Decorate	VB
them	PRP
with	IN
stickers	NNS
,	,
drawings	NNS
,	,
doodles	NNS
or	CC
anything	NN
you	PRP
like	VBP
and	CC
keep	VBP
them	PRP
in	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
place	NN
.	.
Each	DT
day	NN
when	WRB
you	PRP
wake	VBP
up	RP
,	,
close	VB
your	PRP$
eyes	NNS
and	CC
pick	VB
three	CD
or	CC
four	CD
to	TO
carry	VB
around	RP
with	IN
you	PRP
for	IN
the	DT
day	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
your	PRP$
pocket	NN
,	,
purse	NN
,	,
knapsack	NN
,	,
wallet	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
so	RB
when	WRB
you	PRP
feel	VBP
like	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
having	VBG
a	DT
rough	JJ
time	NN
or	CC
a	DT
stressful	JJ
moment	NN
you	PRP
can	MD
pull	VB
them	PRP
out	RP
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
remind	VB
yourself	PRP
I	PRP
am	VBP
worth	IN
it	PRP
.	.
Have	VBP
a	DT
``	``
Service	NNP
Plan	NNP
''	''
--	:
Make	VBP
up	RP
a	DT
Friendship	NN
Gift	NN
--	:
a	DT
special	JJ
baskets	NNS
of	IN
goodies	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
you	PRP
can	MD
put	VB
anything	NN
you	PRP
want	VBP
in	IN
them	PRP
--	:
special	JJ
stationary	JJ
,	,
stickers	NNS
,	,
coloring	VBG
books	NNS
,	,
toys	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
kids	NNS
,	,
bath	NN
bubbles	NNS
and	CC
lotions	NNS
,	,
movie	NN
tickets	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
--	:
or	CC
buy	VB
one	CD
of	IN
those	DT
beading	VBG
kits	NNS
and	CC
make	VB
bracelets	NNS
,	,
keychains	NNS
,	,
necklaces	NNS
,	,
anklets	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
--	:
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
craft	NN
you	PRP
could	MD
make	VB
and	CC
think	VB
you	PRP
'd	MD
enjoy	VB
doing	VBG
--	:
for	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
care	VBP
about	RB
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
feeling	VBG
down	RP
and\/or	CC
the	DT
urge	NN
to	TO
fall	VB
back	RB
on	IN
the	DT
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
behaviors	NNS
,	,
grab	VB
one	CD
of	IN
friendship	NN
gifts	NNS
,	,
hop	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
car	NN
,	,
and	CC
drive	VBP
it	PRP
to	TO
your	PRP$
friends	NNS
house	NN
or	CC
the	DT
post	NN
office	NN
.	.
Leave	VB
it	PRP
or	CC
mail	NN
it	PRP
anonymously	RB
.	.
This	DT
gets	VBZ
you	PRP
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
house	NN
and	CC
doing	VBG
something	NN
for	IN
others	NNS
,	,
and	CC
helps	VBZ
to	TO
make	VB
you	PRP
feel	VB
good	JJ
!	.
It	PRP
also	RB
helps	VBZ
get	VB
you	PRP
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
self-pity	NN
mode	NN
.	.
Safe	NNP
Things	NNS
--	:
Pick	VB
an	DT
item	NN
or	CC
a	DT
special	JJ
smell	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
safe	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
--	:
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
grandmother	NN
who	WP
wore	VBD
a	DT
certain	JJ
kind	NN
of	IN
perfume	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
special	JJ
necklace	NN
someone	NN
gave	VBD
you	PRP
--	:
and	CC
care	VB
it	PRP
around	IN
with	IN
you	PRP
.	.
When	WRB
things	NNS
feel	VBP
stressful	JJ
use	NN
the	DT
smell	NN
or	CC
item	NN
to	TO
help	VB
keep	VB
you	PRP
grounded	VBN
.	.
Support	NN
Network	NNP
--	:
Spend	VB
some	DT
time	NN
making	VBG
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
support	NN
people	NNS
--	:
your	PRP$
therapist	NN
's	POS
phone	NN
number	NN
,	,
friends	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
phone	NN
numbers	NNS
,	,
e-mail	NN
addresses	NNS
,	,
ICQ	NNP
numbers	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
You	PRP
should	MD
make	VB
two	CD
copies	NNS
...	:
one	CD
for	IN
home	NN
and	CC
one	CD
to	TO
carry	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
.	.
The	DT
people	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
list	NN
should	MD
be	VB
the	DT
ones	NNS
you	PRP
will	MD
trust	VB
during	IN
a	DT
crisis	NN
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
endure	VB
for	IN
this	DT
minute	NN
whatever	WDT
is	VBZ
happening	VBG
to	TO
me	PRP
No	DT
matter	NN
how	WRB
heavy	JJ
my	PRP$
heart	NN
is	VBZ
or	CC
how	WRB
dark	JJ
the	DT
moment	NN
might	MD
be	VB
...	:
If	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
but	CC
keep	VB
on	IN
believing	VBG
what	WP
I	PRP
know	VBP
in	IN
my	PRP$
heart	NN
to	TO
be	VB
true	JJ
,	,
That	DT
darkness	NN
will	MD
fade	VB
with	IN
morning	NN
and	CC
that	IN
this	DT
will	MD
pass	VB
away	RB
,	,
too	RB
...	:
Then	RB
nothing	NN
can	MD
ever	RB
disturb	VB
me	PRP
or	CC
fill	VB
me	PRP
with	IN
uncertain	JJ
fear	NN
,	,
For	IN
as	IN
sure	JJ
as	IN
night	NN
brings	VBZ
dawning	VBG
,	,
my	PRP$
morning	NN
is	VBZ
bound	VBN
to	TO
appear	VB
...	:
When	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
trouble	NN
,	,
dwelling	NN
on	IN
it	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
really	RB
help	VB
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
feel	VB
sad	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
grieve	VB
,	,
but	CC
eventually	RB
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
move	VB
on	IN
.	.
Time	NNP
does	VBZ
heal	VB
,	,
and	CC
when	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
going	VBG
through	IN
a	DT
difficult	JJ
patch	NN
I	PRP
will	MD
remember	VB
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
make	VB
it	PRP
any	DT
worse	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
see	VB
myself	PRP
doing	VBG
all	PDT
the	DT
things	NNS
I	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
do	VB
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
take	VB
the	DT
time	NN
to	TO
use	VB
my	PRP$
creative	JJ
power	NN
of	IN
visualization	NN
to	TO
create	VB
the	DT
life	NN
I	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
.	.
Above	IN
all	DT
I	PRP
will	MD
take	VB
the	DT
time	NN
to	TO
see	VB
myself	PRP
being	VBG
happy	JJ
.	.
Reward	VB
yourself	PRP
often	RB
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
accomplish	VBP
a	DT
particular	JJ
task	NN
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
have	VBP
gone	VBN
through	IN
a	DT
grueling	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
healing	NN
process	NN
.	.
Reward	VB
yourself	PRP
during	IN
the	DT
frustrating	JJ
times	NNS
just	RB
for	IN
being	VBG
patient	NN
.	.
Sometimes	RB
,	,
reward	NN
yourself	PRP
for	IN
just	RB
being	VBG
you	PRP
.	.
How	WRB
overwhelmed	VBN
we	PRP
feel	VBP
when	WRB
we	PRP
anticipate	VBP
the	DT
future	NN
,	,
all	DT
that	DT
needs	VBZ
doing	VBG
,	,
all	PDT
the	DT
tasks	NNS
,	,
the	DT
work	NN
,	,
the	DT
potential	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
the	DT
responsibilities	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
stay	VB
in	IN
the	DT
present	JJ
moment	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
past	NN
and	CC
future	NN
will	MD
fall	VB
naturally	RB
and	CC
easily	RB
into	IN
place	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
grateful	JJ
to	TO
wake	VB
up	RP
in	IN
the	DT
morning	NN
alive	JJ
and	CC
alert	JJ
,	,
free	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
after	IN
affects	VBZ
of	IN
a	DT
binge	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
grateful	JJ
to	TO
go	VB
through	IN
the	DT
day	NN
ready	JJ
for	IN
work	NN
,	,
play	NN
,	,
problems	NNS
,	,
and	CC
challenges	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
what	WP
it	PRP
was	VBD
like	IN
before	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
the	DT
midst	NN
of	IN
the	DT
ed	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
go	VB
back	RB
to	TO
that	DT
place	NN
.	.
I	PRP
like	VBP
myself	PRP
today	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
aware	JJ
of	IN
possibilities	NNS
for	IN
improvement	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
be	VB
anyone	NN
else	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
comfortable	JJ
and	CC
accepting	VBG
of	IN
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
forgive	VB
my	PRP$
mistakes	NNS
and	CC
move	VB
on	IN
to	TO
try	VB
again	RB
.	.
Wear	VB
clothes	NNS
you	PRP
feel	VBP
comfortable	JJ
in	IN
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
wear	VB
clothes	NNS
that	WDT
feel	VBP
too	RB
tight	JJ
or	CC
restrict	VB
movement	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
hold	VB
off	RP
on	IN
buying	VBG
clothes	NNS
you	PRP
like	VBP
--	:
do	VBP
it	PRP
now	RB
!	.
Dress	NNP
to	TO
express	VB
yourself	PRP
,	,
not	RB
to	TO
impress	VB
others	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
should	MD
feel	VB
good	JJ
in	IN
what	WP
you	PRP
wear	VBP
.	.
Stay	NNP
away	RB
from	IN
the	DT
scale	NN
--	:
as	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
of	IN
fact	NN
,	,
get	VB
rid	VB
of	IN
it	PRP
!	.
If	IN
your	PRP$
weight	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
monitored	VBN
,	,
leave	VBP
that	IN
up	RB
to	TO
the	DT
doctors	NNS
.	.
How	WRB
much	JJ
you	PRP
weigh	VBP
should	MD
never	RB
effect	VB
your	PRP$
self-esteem	NN
or	CC
your	PRP$
sense	NN
of	IN
who	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
Before	IN
you	PRP
look	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
,	,
think	VBP
optimistically	RB
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
start	VB
your	PRP$
day	NN
,	,
decide	VB
how	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
feeling	VBG
before	IN
going	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
mirror	NN
.	.
No	DT
one	NN
looks	VBZ
good	JJ
with	IN
bed-head	NN
,	,
and	CC
our	PRP$
moods	NNS
are	VBP
n't	RB
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
reflection	NN
we	PRP
see	VBP
.	.
Start	VB
your	PRP$
day	NN
with	IN
self-affirmations	NNS
,	,
relax	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
hot	JJ
shower	VB
,	,
think	VB
of	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
positive	JJ
ways	NNS
you	PRP
will	MD
cope	VB
with	IN
any	DT
stresses	VBZ
of	IN
the	DT
day	NN
ahead	RB
,	,
and	CC
think	VB
of	IN
the	DT
things	NNS
you	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
thankful	JJ
for	IN
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
...	:
only	RB
then	RB
are	VBP
you	PRP
more	RBR
prepared	JJ
to	TO
face	VB
yourself	PRP
with	IN
pride	NN
.	.
Make	VB
a	DT
``	``
why	WRB
I	PRP
like	VBP
myself	PRP
''	''
list	NN
.	.
Think	VB
of	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
things	NNS
about	IN
YOU	PRP
that	IN
you	PRP
like	VBP
--	:
are	VBP
you	PRP
honest	JJ
?	.
Creative	JJ
?	.
Intelligent	JJ
?	.
Compassionate	NNP
?	.
Loyal	JJ
?	.
Kind	NNP
?	.
Think	VB
of	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
reason	NN
you	PRP
deserve	VBP
to	TO
love	VB
yourself	PRP
and	CC
write	VB
them	PRP
down	RP
.	.
Hang	NNP
the	DT
list	NN
up	IN
next	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
mirror	NN
as	IN
a	DT
reminder	NN
that	IN
these	DT
things	NNS
are	VBP
what	WP
make	VBP
you	PRP
truly	RB
beautiful	JJ
.	.
Ask	NN
for	IN
a	DT
hug	NN
when	WRB
you	PRP
need	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
Sometimes	RB
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	RB
better	JJR
therapy	NN
then	RB
a	DT
hug	NN
and	CC
a	DT
kind	NN
word	NN
from	IN
someone	NN
that	WDT
cares	VBZ
about	IN
you	PRP
,	,
but	CC
our	PRP$
loved-ones	NNS
are	VBP
n't	RB
mind	VB
readers	NNS
!	.
Tell	VB
them	PRP
when	WRB
you	PRP
're	VBP
having	VBG
a	DT
bad	JJ
day	NN
and	CC
ask	VB
for	IN
a	DT
hug	NN
,	,
a	DT
shoulder	NN
to	TO
lean	VB
on	IN
,	,
or	CC
an	DT
ear	NN
to	TO
listen	VB
.	.
Group	NNP
support	NN
or	CC
therapy	NN
can	MD
take	VB
place	NN
within	IN
an	DT
inpatient	JJ
program	NN
,	,
an	DT
outpatient	NN
program	NN
,	,
a	DT
therapists	NNS
office	NN
,	,
or	CC
within	IN
an	DT
independent	JJ
support	NN
group	NN
.	.
Support	NN
groups	NNS
can	MD
vary	VB
in	IN
their	PRP$
objectives	NNS
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
find	VB
out	RP
the	DT
goals	NNS
and	CC
methods	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
group	NN
you	PRP
wish	VBP
to	TO
attend	VB
.	.
Group	NNP
support	NN
may	MD
be	VB
aimed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
sufferers	NNS
getting	VBG
support	NN
and	CC
understanding	NN
from	IN
peers	NNS
,	,
or	CC
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
aimed	VBN
at	IN
incorporating	VBG
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
family	NN
.	.
Group	NNP
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
usually	RB
facilited	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
professional	JJ
therapist	NN
.	.
Support	NN
groups	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
facilited	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
professional	JJ
therapist	NN
,	,
intern	NN
,	,
recovered	VBD
person	NN
,	,
loved-one	NN
of	IN
a	DT
person	NN
living	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
or	CC
someone	NN
else	RB
interested	JJ
in	IN
working	VBG
to	TO
help	VB
others	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
maybe	RB
themselves	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
recover	VB
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
different	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
groups	NNS
...	:
some	DT
will	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
in	IN
private	JJ
homes	NNS
,	,
others	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
rented	VBN
or	CC
donated	VBN
space	NN
,	,
and	CC
some	DT
in	IN
a	DT
treatment	NN
center	NN
,	,
hospital	NN
,	,
university	NN
,	,
highschool	JJ
,	,
or	CC
therapist	NN
's	POS
office	NN
.	.
Some	DT
support	NN
group	NN
topics	NNS
may	MD
include	VB
:	:
spirituality	NN
,	,
art	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
coping	VBG
strategies	NNS
,	,
family	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
general	JJ
discussion	NN
,	,
communication	NN
,	,
inner-child	NN
work	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
nutritional	JJ
groups	NNS
,	,
or	CC
any	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
the	DT
above	JJ
.	.
Find	VB
what	WP
appeals	NNS
to	TO
you	PRP
most	RBS
and	CC
what	WP
you	PRP
think	VBP
will	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
on	IN
your	PRP$
road	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
.	.
Psychologists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
Psychiatrists	NNS
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
them	PRP
should	MD
have	VB
some	DT
kind	NN
of	IN
degree	NN
representing	VBG
the	DT
type	NN
of	IN
education	NN
they	PRP
have	VBP
received	VBN
.	.
The	DT
therapist	NN
may	MD
or	CC
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
licensed	VBN
,	,
but	CC
should	MD
have	VB
a	DT
degree	NN
in	IN
the	DT
theories	NNS
of	IN
psychology	NN
,	,
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
social	JJ
work	NN
or	CC
counseling	NN
.	.
Whether	IN
a	DT
license	NN
is	VBZ
important	JJ
or	CC
not	RB
comes	VBZ
down	RP
to	TO
your	PRP$
own	JJ
decision	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
good	JJ
counselors	NNS
and	CC
social	JJ
workers	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
not	RB
licensed	JJ
medical	JJ
doctors	NNS
,	,
but	CC
who	WP
can	MD
still	RB
provide	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
good	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
As	RB
long	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
degree	NN
,	,
the	DT
only	JJ
technical	JJ
difference	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
prescribe	VB
or	CC
administer	VB
medications	NNS
.	.
Marraige	NNP
and	CC
Family	NNP
Therapist	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
LMFT	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
not	RB
very	RB
different	JJ
from	IN
psychologists	NNS
depending	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
state	NN
you	PRP
live	VBP
in	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
licensing	NN
issues	NNS
vary	VBP
from	IN
state	NN
to	TO
state	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Most	JJS
can	MD
provide	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
counseling	NN
as	IN
a	DT
psychologist	NN
.	.
Marraige	NNP
,	,
Family	NNP
and	CC
Child	NNP
Interns	NNPS
-LRB-	-LRB-
MFCI	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
Marraige	NNP
and	CC
Family	NNP
Therapist	NNP
Interns	NNPS
-LRB-	-LRB-
MFTI	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
exactly	RB
that	IN
...	:
interns	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
working	VBG
in	IN
clinical	JJ
practice	NN
to	TO
fulfill	VB
requirements	NNS
they	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
licensed	VBN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
see	VB
clients	NNS
and	CC
all	DT
work	NN
is	VBZ
usually	RB
supervised	VBN
by	IN
someone	NN
already	RB
in	IN
a	DT
licensed	JJ
position	NN
.	.
Licensed	VBN
Clinical	JJ
Social	NNP
Worker	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
LCW	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
has	VBZ
a	DT
degree	NN
in	IN
social	JJ
work	NN
with	IN
a	DT
strong	JJ
clinical	JJ
focus	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
make	VB
very	RB
good	JJ
therapists	NNS
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
strong	JJ
focus	NN
on	IN
psychoanalytic	JJ
and	CC
pyschodynamic	JJ
theories	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
education	NN
.	.
The	DT
ultimate	JJ
goal	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
therapy	NN
should	MD
be	VB
to	TO
recover	VB
!	.
To	TO
learn	VB
to	TO
be	VB
more	RBR
confident	JJ
in	IN
yourself	PRP
,	,
to	TO
make	VB
your	PRP$
voice	NN
heard	VBD
through	IN
communication	NN
,	,
to	TO
validate	VB
your	PRP$
own	JJ
emotions	NNS
,	,
to	TO
learn	VB
to	TO
love	VB
yourself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
learn	VB
better	JJR
ways	NNS
of	IN
coping	VBG
with	IN
anger	NN
,	,
sadness	NN
and	CC
stress	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
not	RB
rely	VB
on	IN
your	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
ways	NNS
a	DT
therapist	NN
can	MD
work	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
individually	RB
,	,
and	CC
different	JJ
therapists	NNS
have	VBP
different	JJ
methods	NNS
.	.
The	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
approach	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
as	RB
important	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
methods	NNS
used	VBN
,	,
so	IN
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
important	JJ
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
discuss	VB
with	IN
your	PRP$
therapist	NN
your	PRP$
goals	NNS
in	IN
working	VBG
towards	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
clinical	JJ
approach	NN
through	IN
interpretation	NN
,	,
dream	NN
analysis	NN
,	,
free	JJ
association	NN
,	,
analysis	NN
of	IN
resistance	NN
and	CC
transference	NN
.	.
This	DT
all	DT
assists	VBZ
the	DT
client	NN
in	IN
gaining	VBG
access	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
subconscious	NN
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
internal	JJ
conflicts	NNS
they	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
aware	JJ
of	IN
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
gaining	VBG
new	JJ
insights	NNS
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
strong	JJ
focus	NN
on	IN
repressed	JJ
conflicts	NNS
and	CC
less	JJR
focus	NN
on	IN
social	JJ
,	,
cultural	JJ
and	CC
interpersonal	JJ
factors	NNS
.	.
Self	NN
realization	NN
and	CC
learning	VBG
to	TO
accept	VB
yourself	PRP
as	IN
an	DT
individual	JJ
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
BE	VB
an	DT
individual	NN
is	VBZ
part	NN
of	IN
what	WP
this	DT
type	NN
of	IN
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
all	DT
about	RB
.	.
It	PRP
incorporates	VBZ
the	DT
idea	NN
of	IN
spirituality	NN
as	IN
an	DT
important	JJ
role	NN
in	IN
discovering	VBG
who	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
Generally	RB
,	,
this	DT
approach	NN
is	VBZ
about	IN
making	VBG
connections	NNS
with	IN
your	PRP$
feelings	NNS
and	CC
motivations	NNS
and	CC
learning	VBG
who	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
more	JJR
a	DT
focus	NN
on	IN
the	DT
``	``
big	JJ
picture	NN
''	''
and	CC
less	JJR
of	IN
a	DT
focus	NN
on	IN
each	DT
day-to-day	JJ
problem	NN
.	.
This	DT
type	NN
of	IN
therapy	NN
works	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
premise	NN
that	WDT
thinking	NN
,	,
questioning	VBG
and	CC
doing	VBG
-LRB-	-LRB-
with	IN
practice	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
leads	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
changes	NNS
needed	VBN
for	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Learning	NNP
to	TO
change	VB
the	DT
way	NN
you	PRP
think	VBP
about	IN
yourself	PRP
will	MD
result	VB
in	IN
changing	VBG
the	DT
way	NN
you	PRP
treat	VBP
yourself	PRP
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
an	DT
eclectic	JJ
combination	NN
of	IN
cognitive	JJ
,	,
behavioral	JJ
and	CC
emotional	JJ
techniques	NNS
:	:
changing	VBG
negative	JJ
thoughts	NNS
to	TO
positive	JJ
,	,
and	CC
pessimistic	JJ
words	NNS
to	TO
optomistic	JJ
words	NNS
.	.
Using	VBG
humor	NN
,	,
role	NN
playing	NN
,	,
and	CC
homework	NN
and	CC
word-work	NN
in	IN
attacking	VBG
shameful	JJ
feelings	NNS
and	CC
feelings	NNS
of	IN
guilt	NN
are	VBP
combined	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
make	VB
changes	NNS
in	IN
thinking	NN
and	CC
behaviors	NNS
.	.
The	DT
focus	NN
with	IN
cognitive-behavior	JJ
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
``	``
move-forward	JJ
''	''
approach	NN
and	CC
often	RB
lacks	VBZ
exploration	NN
of	IN
the	DT
deeper	JJR
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
that	WDT
led	VBD
to	TO
negative	JJ
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
thoughts	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
place	NN
.	.
There	EX
can	MD
also	RB
be	VB
Behavior	NNP
Modification	NNP
Therapy	NNP
on	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
own	JJ
where	WRB
as	IN
the	DT
client	NN
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
changing	VBG
behaviors	NNS
through	IN
practice	NN
.	.
A	DT
therapist	NN
that	WDT
uses	VBZ
this	DT
approach	NN
will	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
attack	VB
many	JJ
different	JJ
issues	NNS
over	IN
your	PRP$
course	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
including	VBG
self-esteem	NN
work	NN
,	,
past	JJ
and	CC
present	JJ
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
and	CC
day-to-day	JJ
coping	VBG
strategies	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
also	RB
the	DT
most	RBS
commonly	RB
used	VBN
approach	NN
in	IN
practice	NN
today	NN
by	IN
therapists	NNS
.	.
Marraige	NNP
and\/or	CC
Family	NNP
Counseling	NN
may	MD
also	RB
play	VB
a	DT
role	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
depending	VBG
on	IN
how	WRB
important	JJ
it	PRP
is	VBZ
overall	JJ
to	TO
involve	VB
your	PRP$
loved-ones	NNS
.	.
Some	DT
level	NN
of	IN
counseling	NN
can	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
all	DT
learn	VBP
to	TO
communicate	VB
with	IN
one	CD
another	DT
so	RB
that	IN
you	PRP
will	MD
feel	VB
heard	VBN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
express	VB
your	PRP$
emotions	NNS
to	TO
each	DT
other	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
Once	RB
you	PRP
have	VBP
started	VBN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
therapy	NN
you	PRP
may	MD
wish	VB
to	TO
discuss	VB
these	DT
options	NNS
with	IN
your	PRP$
therapist	NN
and	CC
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
you	PRP
both	DT
feel	VBP
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
important	JJ
.	.
A	DT
Nutritionist	NN
and	CC
Dietician	NN
are	VBP
sometimes	RB
referred	VBN
to	TO
as	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
thing	NN
.	.
A	DT
Nutritionist	NN
may	MD
be	VB
someone	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
completed	VBN
some	DT
level	NN
of	IN
education	NN
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
Nutrition	NNP
.	.
A	DT
Dietician	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
Registered	NNP
Dietician	NNP
,	,
RD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
has	VBZ
completed	VBN
a	DT
4-year	JJ
college	NN
degree	NN
in	IN
nutrition	NN
and	CC
dietetics	NNS
,	,
has	VBZ
completed	VBN
an	DT
internship	NN
,	,
and	CC
has	VBZ
passed	VBN
the	DT
American	JJ
Dietetic	NNP
Association	NNP
's	POS
test	NN
for	IN
registration	NN
.	.
The	DT
goal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Dietician	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
to	TO
help	VB
improve	VB
your	PRP$
health	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
habits	NNS
through	IN
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
services	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
will	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
incorporate	VB
healthy	JJ
behaviors	NNS
into	IN
your	PRP$
everyday	JJ
life	NN
.	.
There	EX
goal	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
to	TO
``	``
change	VB
''	''
your	PRP$
habits	NNS
overnight	RB
,	,
but	CC
to	TO
teach	VB
you	PRP
over	IN
a	DT
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
how	WRB
to	TO
promote	VB
a	DT
healthier	RBR
relationship	NN
with	IN
the	DT
food	NN
you	PRP
consume	VBP
.	.
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and\/or	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
.	.
They	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
sensitive	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
issues	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
facing	VBG
and	CC
should	MD
be	VB
aware	JJ
of	IN
your	PRP$
history	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
usually	RB
best	RB
to	TO
go	VB
into	IN
a	DT
relationship	NN
with	IN
a	DT
Dietician	NN
under	IN
a	DT
``	``
team	NN
approach	NN
''	''
,	,
meaning	VBG
that	IN
your	PRP$
therapist	NN
,	,
medical	JJ
doctor	NN
and	CC
dietician	NN
are	VBP
all	DT
in	IN
contact	NN
with	IN
one	CD
another	DT
,	,
either	CC
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
,	,
about	IN
your	PRP$
progress	NN
.	.
Places	NNPS
like	IN
Renfrew	NNP
,	,
Rader	NNP
Programs	NNP
,	,
and	CC
The	DT
Remuda	NNP
Ranch	NNP
are	VBP
all	DT
good	JJ
examples	NNS
of	IN
facilities	NNS
that	WDT
offer	VBP
inpatient	JJ
and	CC
outpatient	NN
facilities	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
larger	JJR
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
treatment	NN
centers	NNS
can	MD
offer	VB
both	DT
,	,
or	CC
may	MD
just	RB
specialize	VB
in	IN
one	CD
or	CC
the	DT
other	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
understand	VB
that	IN
each	DT
treatment	NN
facility	NN
is	VBZ
different	JJ
,	,
and	CC
not	RB
all	DT
programs	NNS
consist	VBP
of	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
things	NNS
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
below	IN
descriptions	NNS
will	MD
give	VB
you	PRP
a	DT
general	JJ
idea	NN
of	IN
what	WP
to	TO
expect	VB
from	IN
inpatient	JJ
and	CC
outpatient	NN
services	NNS
.	.
The	DT
facility	NN
usually	RB
has	VBZ
medical	JJ
doctors	NNS
,	,
registered	VBN
nurses	NNS
,	,
therapists	NNS
,	,
dieticians	NNS
and	CC
volunteers	NNS
on	IN
staff	NN
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
in	IN
recovery	NN
on	IN
a	DT
daily	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
intended	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
safe	JJ
environment	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
to	TO
recovery	NN
from	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Depending	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
facility	NN
,	,
the	DT
routine	NN
can	MD
vary	VB
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
may	MD
include	VB
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
group	NN
sessions	NNS
,	,
one-on-one	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
medical	JJ
evaluations	NNS
,	,
weigh-ins	NNS
,	,
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
,	,
art	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
medication	NN
administration	NN
,	,
spiritual	JJ
exploration	NN
and	CC
prayer	NN
,	,
meal	NN
times	NNS
,	,
and	CC
social	JJ
or	CC
leisure	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
make	VBP
have	VB
weekly	JJ
sessions	NNS
with	IN
nurses	NNS
,	,
medical	JJ
doctors	NNS
,	,
social	JJ
workers	NNS
,	,
case	NN
managers	NNS
and\/or	CC
nutritionists	NNS
.	.
There	EX
may	MD
be	VB
involvement	NN
in	IN
projects	NNS
,	,
or	CC
times	NNS
alloted	VBD
for	IN
continuing	VBG
education	NN
.	.
Some	DT
programs	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
more	RBR
restrictive	JJ
than	IN
others	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
allowances	NNS
for	IN
free	JJ
time	NN
,	,
and	CC
some	DT
may	MD
focus	VB
very	RB
highly	RB
on	IN
individual	JJ
care	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
opposed	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
group	NN
approach	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
to	TO
get	VB
information	NN
from	IN
each	DT
treatment	NN
center	NN
to	TO
find	VB
what	WP
works	VBZ
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Most	JJS
programs	NNS
will	MD
expect	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
somewhat	RB
medically	RB
stable	JJ
before	IN
entering	VBG
,	,
meaning	VBG
that	IN
if	IN
your	PRP$
health	NN
is	VBZ
extremely	RB
poor	JJ
,	,
you	PRP
may	MD
require	VB
hospitalization	NN
before	IN
admittance	NN
.	.
Outpatient	NN
programs	NNS
are	VBP
sometimes	RB
run	VBN
by	IN
centers	NNS
that	WDT
do	VBP
inpatient	JJ
care	NN
,	,
but	CC
can	MD
also	RB
be	VB
offered	VBN
at	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Clinics	NNPS
or	CC
Mental	NNP
Health	NNP
Clinics	NNPS
.	.
Again	RB
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
often	RB
a	DT
``	``
team	NN
approach	NN
''	''
with	IN
medical	JJ
doctors	NNS
,	,
therapists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
dieticians	NNS
on	IN
staff	NN
,	,
with	IN
scheduled	VBN
daily	JJ
or	CC
weekly	JJ
sessions	NNS
depending	VBG
on	IN
each	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
needs	NNS
.	.
One-on-one	JJ
therapy	NN
and	CC
group	NN
sessions	NNS
,	,
daily	JJ
activities	NNS
and	CC
classes	NNS
,	,
art	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
medication	NN
and	CC
medical	JJ
evaluation	NN
,	,
and	CC
weigh-ins	NNS
may	MD
all	DT
be	VB
part	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
schedule	NN
depending	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
facility	NN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
to	TO
get	VB
information	NN
from	IN
each	DT
treatment	NN
center	NN
to	TO
find	VB
what	WP
works	VBZ
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Residential	NNP
Housing	NNP
:	:
-	:
The	DT
focus	NN
of	IN
residential	JJ
care	NN
is	VBZ
usually	RB
to	TO
help	VB
with	IN
integration	NN
back	RB
into	IN
daily	JJ
life	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
usually	RB
a	DT
required	JJ
weekly	JJ
time	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
with	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
,	,
social	JJ
worker	NN
and\/or	CC
case-manager	NN
,	,
and	CC
for	IN
group	NN
sessions	NNS
.	.
There	EX
may	MD
be	VB
time	NN
alloted	JJ
for	IN
schedule	NN
appointments	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
dietician	NN
.	.
Some	DT
programs	NNS
offer	VBP
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
get	VB
involved	VBN
with	IN
volunteer	NN
projects	NNS
and	CC
part-time	JJ
jobs	NNS
.	.
The	DT
ultimate	JJ
goal	NN
of	IN
residential	JJ
housing	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
make	VB
the	DT
transition	NN
back	RB
into	IN
day-to-day	JJ
life	NN
a	DT
little	JJ
easier	JJR
for	IN
those	DT
in	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Generally	RB
,	,
these	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
facilities	NNS
are	VBP
meant	VBN
to	TO
address	VB
treatment	NN
from	IN
a	DT
broad	JJ
approach	NN
...	:
not	RB
only	RB
teaching	VBG
sufferers	NNS
how	WRB
to	TO
eat	VB
healthfully	RB
,	,
but	CC
to	TO
address	VB
corresponding	JJ
self-esteem	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
psychological	JJ
diagnoses	NNS
,	,
coping	VBG
mechanisms	NNS
,	,
behaviors	NNS
,	,
issues	NNS
,	,
and	CC
emotions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
way	NN
each	DT
facility	NN
does	VBZ
so	RB
,	,
and	CC
their	PRP$
own	JJ
treatment	NN
philosophy	NN
can	MD
vary	VB
,	,
so	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
ask	VB
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
questions	NNS
and	CC
review	NN
as	RB
much	JJ
information	NN
as	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
about	RB
each	DT
program	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
considering	VBG
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
phase	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Sessions	NNP
1-10	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
puts	VBZ
the	DT
parents	NNS
in	IN
charge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
behavior	NN
of	IN
the	DT
AN	DT
adolescent	JJ
,	,
making	VBG
food	NN
the	DT
medicine	NN
to	TO
be	VB
administered	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
patient	NN
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
two	CD
sessions	NNS
engage	VBP
the	DT
family	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
their	PRP$
eating	JJ
habits	NNS
and	CC
assemble	VB
a	DT
picture	NN
of	IN
the	DT
AN	DT
impact	NN
on	IN
all	DT
family	NN
members	NNS
.	.
The	DT
therapist	NN
externalizes	VBZ
the	DT
illness	NN
by	IN
presenting	VBG
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
as	IN
controlling	VBG
the	DT
patient	NN
,	,
freeing	VBG
parents	NNS
and	CC
patient	NN
from	IN
blame	NN
.	.
The	DT
therapist	NN
then	RB
encourages	VBZ
the	DT
parents	NNS
to	TO
find	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
method	NN
to	TO
control	VB
the	DT
adolescent	JJ
eating	NN
behaviors	NNS
without	IN
using	VBG
force	NN
or	CC
punishment	NN
,	,
but	CC
rather	RB
through	IN
a	DT
system	NN
of	IN
creative	JJ
measures	NNS
that	WDT
include	VBP
functional	JJ
rewards	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
``	``
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
let	VB
you	PRP
get	VB
your	PRP$
driving	VBG
licence	NN
while	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
too	RB
weak	JJ
.	.
''	''
The	DT
third	JJ
and	CC
final	JJ
phase	NN
of	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
encouraging	VBG
the	DT
processes	NNS
of	IN
adolescent	JJ
development	NN
that	WDT
unfold	VBP
as	IN
the	DT
AN	DT
wanes	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
establishing	VBG
new	JJ
family	NN
relationships	NNS
disentangled	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
Used	VBN
appropriately	RB
,	,
and	CC
as	IN
intended	VBN
,	,
the	DT
Maudsley	NNP
Method	NNP
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
foundation	NN
that	IN
where	WRB
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
started	VBD
matters	NNS
little	RB
in	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
treatment	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
n't	RB
to	TO
belittle	VB
the	DT
issues	NNS
a	DT
sufferer	NN
may	MD
feel	VB
in	IN
relation	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
-LRB-	-LRB-
possibly	RB
dysfunctional	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
family	NN
...	:
This	DT
is	VBZ
to	TO
stop	VB
playing	VBG
the	DT
blame	NN
game	NN
,	,
and	CC
instead	RB
,	,
for	IN
all	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
family	NN
to	TO
accept	VB
responsibility	NN
in	IN
``	``
fixing	VBG
what	WP
is	VBZ
broken	VBN
.	.
''	''
When	WRB
sufferers	NNS
often	RB
feel	VBP
``	``
invisible	JJ
''	''
in	IN
their	PRP$
families	NNS
,	,
this	DT
type	NN
of	IN
intense	JJ
involvement	NN
may	MD
suddenly	RB
act	VB
as	IN
a	DT
psychological	JJ
facilitator	NN
in	IN
improving	VBG
the	DT
overall	JJ
relationship	NN
.	.
It	PRP
may	MD
help	VB
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
sufferer	NN
feel	VB
seen	VBN
,	,
to	TO
feel	VB
cared	VBN
about	RB
and	CC
loved	VBD
.	.
While	IN
it	PRP
seems	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
surface	NN
that	IN
the	DT
focus	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Maudsley	NNP
Method	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
treat	VB
just	RB
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
disease	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
behaviors\/eating	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
you	PRP
could	MD
make	VB
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
arguments	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
impact	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
involvement	NN
in	IN
teen	JJ
treatment	NN
carries	VBZ
many	JJ
hidden	JJ
psychological	JJ
messages	NNS
.	.
Getting	VBG
family	NN
members	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
ie.	FW
,	,
parents	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
this	DT
inherently	RB
involved	VBN
in	IN
their	PRP$
child	NN
's	POS
treatment	NN
obviously	RB
carries	VBZ
many	JJ
hidden	JJ
psychological	JJ
messages	NNS
and	CC
lessons	NNS
.	.
Theoretically	RB
,	,
Anorexia	NNP
caught	VBD
in	IN
an	DT
early	JJ
stage	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
during	IN
developmental	JJ
teen	JJ
years	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
this	DT
,	,
that	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
slowly	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
establishes	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
boundaries	NNS
,	,
shows	VBZ
an	DT
immense	JJ
concern	NN
from	IN
the	DT
family	NN
,	,
provides	VBZ
proper	JJ
nutrition	NN
,	,
emphasizes	VBZ
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
need	NN
for	IN
shame	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
from	IN
either	DT
family	NN
or	CC
patient	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
teaches	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
control	NN
,	,
and	CC
reestablishes	NNS
positive	JJ
family	NN
relationships	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
phase	NN
2	CD
and	CC
3	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
responds	VBZ
well	RB
to	TO
this	DT
treatment	NN
for	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
reasons	NNS
,	,
and	CC
does	VBZ
encompass	VB
many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
what	WP
more	RBR
``	``
traditional	JJ
''	''
treatments	NNS
try	VBP
to	TO
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
do	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
As	IN
stated	VBN
,	,
this	DT
treatment	NN
is	VBZ
meant	VBN
for	IN
dependent	JJ
teens	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
determine	VB
if	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
right	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
child	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
consider	VB
your	PRP$
entire	JJ
family	NN
dynamic	NN
when	WRB
making	VBG
this	DT
decision	NN
.	.
Without	IN
sounding	VBG
like	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
to	TO
put	VB
the	DT
``	``
blame	NN
''	''
on	IN
anyone	NN
,	,
I	PRP
often	RB
hear	VBP
from	IN
sufferers	NNS
things	NNS
like	IN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
do	VBP
n't	RB
care	VB
,	,
my	PRP$
family	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
get	VB
it	PRP
,	,
they	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
understand	VB
,	,
they	PRP
get	VBP
so	RB
mad	JJ
about	IN
my	PRP$
anorexia	NN
--	:
the	DT
Maudsley	NNP
approach	NN
puts	VBZ
patient	NN
and	CC
parents	NNS
into	IN
a	DT
mutual	JJ
place	NN
--	:
one	CD
to	TO
battle	VB
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
together	RB
--	:
in	IN
an	DT
understanding	NN
,	,
caring	NN
,	,
nurturing	VBG
way	NN
that	IN
does	VBZ
address	VB
issues	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
again	RB
,	,
phase	NN
2	CD
and	CC
3	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
n't	RB
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
this	DT
specific	JJ
approach	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
everyone	NN
.	.
One	CD
simple	JJ
example	NN
...	:
a	DT
child	NN
with	IN
a	DT
particularly	RB
controlling	VBG
parent	NN
may	MD
resent	VB
this	DT
type	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
all	PDT
the	DT
more	RBR
.	.
Twelve-Step	JJ
programs	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
Alcoholics	NNP
Anonymous	NNP
or	CC
Overeaters	NNP
Anonymous	NNP
,	,
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
twelve	CD
``	``
quotes	NNS
''	''
that	WDT
are	VBP
accepted	VBN
and	CC
believed	VBN
in	IN
moving	VBG
towards	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
The	DT
groups	NNS
are	VBP
typically	RB
spiritually	RB
based	VBN
in	IN
nature	NN
and	CC
follow	VB
a	DT
tradition	NN
of	IN
finding	VBG
``	``
sponsors	NNS
''	''
who	WP
work	VBP
as	IN
support-towards-recovery	JJ
mentors	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
group	NN
atmosphere	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
meet	VB
once	RB
or	CC
more	JJR
per	IN
week	NN
.	.
The	DT
Twelve	NNP
Steps	VBZ
are	VBP
-LRB-	-LRB-
this	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
generalization	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
:	:
1	LS
.	.
admitting	VBG
powerlessness	NN
-	:
that	IN
life	NN
is	VBZ
unmanagable	JJ
;	:
2	LS
.	.
believing	VBG
that	IN
a	DT
greater	JJR
power	NN
could	MD
restore	VB
sanity	NN
;	:
3	LS
.	.
deciding	VBG
to	TO
turn	VB
will	MD
and	CC
life	NN
over	IN
to	TO
the	DT
care	NN
of	IN
God	NNP
;	:
4	LS
.	.
making	VBG
a	DT
searching	VBG
and	CC
fearless	JJ
moral	JJ
inventory	NN
or	CC
self	NN
;	:
5	CD
.	.
admitting	VBG
to	TO
god	NN
,	,
self	NN
,	,
and	CC
another	DT
human	JJ
being	VBG
the	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
wrongs	NNS
;	:
6	CD
.	.
being	VBG
ready	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
God	NNP
remove	VB
all	PDT
these	DT
defects	NNS
of	IN
character	NN
;	:
7	CD
.	.
humbly	RB
asking	VBG
God	NNP
to	TO
remove	VB
our	PRP$
shortcomings	NNS
;	:
8	CD
.	.
making	VBG
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
persons	NNS
harmed	VBN
and	CC
being	VBG
willing	JJ
to	TO
make	VB
amends	NNS
with	IN
them	PRP
;	:
9	CD
.	.
making	VBG
amends	NNS
with	IN
people	NNS
hurt	VBP
except	IN
when	WRB
doing	VBG
so	RB
would	MD
hurt	VB
them	PRP
or	CC
others	NNS
;	:
10	CD
.	.
continuing	VBG
to	TO
take	VB
personal	JJ
inventory	NN
and	CC
admitting	VBG
our	PRP$
wrongs	NNS
;	:
11	CD
.	.
improving	VBG
the	DT
relationship	NN
with	IN
God	NNP
through	IN
meditation	NN
and	CC
prayer	NN
and	CC
praying	VBG
for	IN
knowledge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
will	NN
to	TO
carry	VB
out	RP
the	DT
power	NN
of	IN
His	PRP$
knowledge	NN
;	:
12	CD
.	.
having	VBG
a	DT
spiritual	JJ
awakening	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
these	DT
steps	NNS
,	,
and	CC
carrying	VBG
the	DT
message	NN
to	TO
other	JJ
addicts	NNS
to	TO
practice	VB
these	DT
principles	NNS
.	.
The	DT
following	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
alternatives	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
more	JJR
traditional	JJ
methods	NNS
of	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
They	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
helpful	JJ
to	TO
quite	RB
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
...	:
finding	VBG
what	WP
works	VBZ
FOR	IN
YOU	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
.	.
Physical	JJ
Therapy	NN
:	:
Physical	JJ
therapy	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
the	DT
evaluation	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
of	IN
injuries	NNS
and	CC
disease	NN
with	IN
the	DT
goals	NNS
of	IN
pain	NN
relief	NN
,	,
restoration	NN
of	IN
function	NN
and	CC
the	DT
return	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
fullest	JJS
level	NN
of	IN
activity	NN
in	IN
school	NN
,	,
work	NN
,	,
recreation	NN
and	CC
sports	NNS
.	.
The	DT
initial	JJ
evaluation	NN
examines	VBZ
your	PRP$
posture	NN
,	,
biomechanics	NNS
,	,
ROM	NNP
and	CC
flexibility	NN
,	,
strength	NN
and	CC
balance	NN
.	.
The	DT
treatment	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
this	DT
evaluation	NN
and	CC
includes	VBZ
an	DT
individualized	JJ
program	NN
of	IN
progressive	JJ
exercises	NNS
and	CC
activities	NNS
,	,
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
physical	JJ
modalities	NNS
as	IN
needed	VBN
.	.
Occupational	NNP
Therapy	NNP
:	:
Occupational	JJ
therapists	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
OTs	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
help	VBP
people	NNS
improve	VB
their	PRP$
ability	NN
to	TO
perform	VB
tasks	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
daily	JJ
living	NN
and	CC
working	VBG
environments	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
conditions	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
mentally	RB
,	,
physically	RB
,	,
developmentally	RB
,	,
or	CC
emotionally	RB
disabling	VBG
.	.
They	PRP
also	RB
help	VBP
them	PRP
to	TO
develop	VB
,	,
recover	VB
,	,
or	CC
maintain	VB
daily	JJ
living	NN
and	CC
work	NN
skills	NNS
.	.
Occupational	JJ
therapists	NNS
not	RB
only	RB
help	VB
clients	NNS
improve	VB
basic	JJ
motor	NN
functions	NNS
and	CC
reasoning	NN
abilities	NNS
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
compensate	VB
for	IN
permanent	JJ
loss	NN
of	IN
function	NN
.	.
Their	PRP$
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
clients	NNS
have	VBP
independent	JJ
,	,
productive	JJ
,	,
and	CC
satisfying	VBG
lives	NNS
.	.
Spiritual	NNP
Guidance	NNP
:	:
This	DT
can	MD
be	VB
anything	NN
from	IN
counseling	NN
with	IN
a	DT
priest	NN
or	CC
pastor	NN
or	CC
exploring	VBG
your	PRP$
beliefs	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
help	NN
of	IN
someone	NN
versed	VBN
in	IN
your	PRP$
spiritual	JJ
area	NN
of	IN
interest	NN
.	.
Spiritual	NNP
Therapy	NNP
assists	VBZ
you	PRP
in	IN
this	DT
process	NN
of	IN
inner	JJ
healing	NN
and	CC
spiritual	JJ
growth	NN
.	.
It	PRP
leads	VBZ
you	PRP
on	IN
the	DT
path	NN
from	IN
self-doubt	NN
to	TO
self-empowerment	NN
.	.
It	PRP
involved	VBD
your	PRP$
beliefs	NNS
surrounding	VBG
the	DT
meaning	NN
of	IN
life	NN
,	,
a	DT
higher-power	JJ
and	CC
your	PRP$
own	JJ
faith	NN
.	.
There	EX
will	MD
be	VB
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
things	NNS
you	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
to	TO
consider	VB
when	WRB
starting	VBG
on	IN
your	PRP$
road	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
.	.
This	DT
list	NN
of	IN
questions	NNS
is	VBZ
just	RB
a	DT
starting	VBG
point	NN
...	:
you	PRP
can	MD
add	VB
to	TO
it	PRP
,	,
and	CC
omit	VB
questions	NNS
depending	VBG
on	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
personal	JJ
choices	NNS
.	.
The	DT
decision	NN
you	PRP
make	VBP
for	IN
yourself	PRP
in	IN
what	WP
you	PRP
want	VBP
out	IN
of	IN
therapy	NN
will	MD
dictate	VB
what	WP
questions	NNS
to	TO
ask	VB
a	DT
therapist	NN
.	.
This	DT
list	NN
of	IN
questions	NNS
is	VBZ
just	RB
an	DT
idea	NN
to	TO
get	VB
you	PRP
started	VBD
and	CC
things	NNS
you	PRP
should	MD
think	VB
about	RB
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
custom-tailor	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
fit	VB
your	PRP$
own	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
wish	VB
to	TO
discuss	VB
food	NN
,	,
weight	NN
and	CC
diet	NN
issues	NNS
in	IN
therapy	NN
or	CC
do	VB
you	PRP
want	VBP
a	DT
nutritionist	NN
or	CC
dietician	NN
to	TO
take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
that	DT
?	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
``	``
weighed	VBN
in	IN
''	''
during	IN
each	DT
session	NN
or	CC
do	VB
you	PRP
wish	VB
that	DT
be	VB
provided	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
additional	JJ
outside	JJ
method	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
?	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
deciding	VBG
to	TO
leave	VB
this	DT
up	RB
to	TO
a	DT
nutritionist	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
mean	VB
your	PRP$
therapist	NN
will	MD
completely	RB
avoid	VB
the	DT
issue	NN
-	:
it	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
discussion	NN
on	IN
occassion	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
What	WP
type	NN
of	IN
approach	NN
will	MD
the	DT
therapist	NN
use	NN
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
achieve	VB
your	PRP$
goals	NNS
?	.
Do	VBP
they	PRP
believe	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
permanent	JJ
recovery	NN
or	CC
that	IN
a	DT
person	NN
is	VBZ
always	RB
``	``
recovering	VBG
?	.
''	''
What	WP
can	MD
you	PRP
expect	VB
during	IN
sessions	NNS
?	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
think	VB
your	PRP$
therapist	NN
needs	VBZ
specific	JJ
experience	NN
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
treatment	NN
to	TO
accomplish	VB
your	PRP$
goals	NNS
,	,
or	CC
is	VBZ
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
psychological	JJ
and	CC
emotional	JJ
disturbances	NNS
enough	RB
?	.
How	WRB
important	JJ
do	VBP
you	PRP
think	VB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
that	IN
your	PRP$
therapist	NN
be	VB
open-minded	JJ
and	CC
willing	JJ
to	TO
learn	VB
about	IN
your	PRP$
specific	JJ
case	NN
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
?	.
Will	MD
you	PRP
feel	VB
more	RBR
comfortable	JJ
with	IN
someone	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
had	VBN
either	RB
little	RB
,	,
some	DT
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
of	IN
experience	NN
with	IN
treating	VBG
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
?	.
What	WP
can	MD
you	PRP
expect	VB
from	IN
your	PRP$
therapy	NN
sessions	NNS
and	CC
how	WRB
important	JJ
does	VBZ
the	DT
therapist	NN
believe	VBP
family	NN
involvement	NN
is	VBZ
-LRB-	-LRB-
not	RB
everyone	NN
wants	VBZ
or	CC
needs	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
their	PRP$
family	NN
involved	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
What	WP
are	VBP
the	DT
therapist	NN
's	POS
opinion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
medications	NNS
,	,
and	CC
which	WDT
ones	NNS
?	.
How	WRB
often	RB
do	VBP
you	PRP
wish	VB
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
therapy	NN
?	.
How	WRB
important	JJ
is	VBZ
a	DT
flexible	JJ
schedule	NN
to	TO
you	PRP
?	.
Are	VBP
weekends	NNS
and\/or	CC
evening	NN
hours	NNS
important	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
?	.
Does	NNP
your	PRP$
insurance	NN
cover	VB
your	PRP$
treatment	NN
and	CC
if	IN
not	RB
,	,
how	WRB
will	MD
you	PRP
pay	VB
for	IN
it	PRP
?	.
How	WRB
important	JJ
is	VBZ
it	PRP
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
contact	VB
your	PRP$
therapist	NN
during	IN
the	DT
week	NN
,	,
outside	IN
of	IN
sessions	NNS
?	.
How	WRB
often	RB
does	VBZ
the	DT
therapist	NN
wish	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
?	.
Do	VBP
they	PRP
offer	VBP
evening	NN
and	CC
weekend	NN
hours	NNS
?	.
Charge	NNP
for	IN
cancellations	NNS
?	.
Do	VBP
they	PRP
accept	VB
insurance	NN
payments	NNS
and	CC
with	IN
which	WDT
companies	NNS
?	.
How	WRB
will	MD
they	PRP
work	VB
payments	NNS
with	IN
you	PRP
?	.
Will	MD
they	PRP
be	VB
available	JJ
by	IN
phone	NN
outside	IN
of	IN
sessions	NNS
to	TO
talk	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
do	VB
they	PRP
charge	VBP
for	IN
this	DT
?	.
How	WRB
do	VBP
you	PRP
feel	VB
about	RB
hospitalization	NN
or	CC
in-patient	JJ
treatment	NN
?	.
What	WP
role	NN
do	VBP
you	PRP
wish	VB
for	IN
your	PRP$
therapist	NN
to	TO
play	VB
should	MD
you	PRP
require	VB
or	CC
desire	VB
either	CC
?	.
How	WRB
do	VBP
you	PRP
want	VB
your	PRP$
family	NN
involved	VBN
,	,
if	IN
at	IN
all	DT
,	,
in	IN
this	DT
process	NN
?	.
When	WRB
and	CC
how	WRB
does	VBZ
the	DT
therapist	NN
go	VB
about	RB
requesting	VBG
hospitalization	NN
?	.
Is	VBZ
he\/she	NN
affiliated	VBN
with	IN
any	DT
clinics	NNS
or	CC
hospitals	NNS
?	.
Will	MD
they	PRP
be	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
see	VB
you	PRP
should	MD
you	PRP
go	VB
in-patient	JJ
or	CC
become	VB
hospitalized	VBN
?	.
If	IN
you	PRP
live	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
country	NN
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
national	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
not	RB
all	DT
of	IN
this	DT
information	NN
may	MD
apply	VB
to	TO
you	PRP
,	,
though	IN
some	DT
of	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
helpful	JJ
in	IN
opening	VBG
up	RP
your	PRP$
options	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
type	NN
of	IN
care	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
looking	VBG
for	IN
.	.
To	TO
get	VB
started	VBN
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
insurance	NN
companies	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
now	RB
cover	VB
mental	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
.	.
You	PRP
should	MD
call	VB
your	PRP$
insurance	NN
company	NN
,	,
or	CC
send	VB
for	IN
a	DT
policy	NN
booklet	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
ask	VB
your	PRP$
employer	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
will	MD
tell	VB
you	PRP
how	WRB
your	PRP$
plan	NN
works	VBZ
-LRB-	-LRB-
HMO	NNP
,	,
or	CC
filing	NN
claims	NNS
for	IN
reimbursement	NN
,	,
deductables	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
providing	VBG
for	IN
mental	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
treatment	NN
.	.
HMO	NNP
plans	NNS
will	MD
require	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
go	VBP
to	TO
your	PRP$
Primary	JJ
Care	NNP
Physician	NNP
first	RB
,	,
and	CC
from	IN
there	EX
you	PRP
can	MD
get	VB
a	DT
referral	NN
to	TO
a	DT
therapist	NN
.	.
Some	DT
therapists	NNS
will	MD
take	VB
your	PRP$
insurance	NN
directly	RB
,	,
only	RB
requiring	VBG
you	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
your	PRP$
co-payment	NN
at	IN
each	DT
visit	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
$	$
5	CD
,	,
$	$
10	CD
or	CC
$	$
20	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
some	DT
insurances	NNS
may	MD
dictate	VB
that	IN
the	DT
co-payment	NN
for	IN
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
slightly	RB
higher	JJR
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
$	$
25	CD
or	CC
$	$
35	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
while	IN
others	NNS
will	MD
work	VB
on	IN
a	DT
reimbursement	NN
plan	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
where	WRB
as	IN
you	PRP
pay	VBP
for	IN
the	DT
session	NN
first	RB
and	CC
are	VBP
reimbursed	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
percentage	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
later	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
A	DT
number	NN
of	IN
therapists	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
willing	JJ
to	TO
put	VB
off	RP
accepting	VBG
payment	NN
,	,
or	CC
make	VB
payment	NN
requirements	NNS
minimal	JJ
,	,
until	IN
your	PRP$
insurance	NN
company	NN
begins	VBZ
to	TO
reimburse	VB
you	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
decide	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
wish	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
involve	VB
your	PRP$
PCP	NNP
,	,
or	CC
that	DT
your	PRP$
therapy	NN
options	NNS
through	IN
any	DT
referral	NN
system	NN
may	MD
be	VB
discouraging	VBG
or	CC
unsatisfactory	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
should	MD
contact	VB
your	PRP$
insurance	NN
company	NN
on	IN
how	WRB
they	PRP
go	VBP
about	RB
covering	VBG
for	IN
therapy	NN
appointments	NNS
outside	IN
of	IN
the	DT
care	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
PCP	NNP
,	,
through	IN
reimbursement	NN
or	CC
co-payments	NNS
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
an	DT
option	NN
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
or	CC
a	DT
loved	VBN
one	CD
require	VBP
immediate	JJ
medical	JJ
care	NN
at	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
insurance	NN
should	MD
cover	VB
the	DT
rehabilitation	NN
of	IN
any	DT
complications	NNS
arrising	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
re-feeding	NN
a	DT
patient	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
malnurished	VBN
,	,
or	CC
treating	VBG
a	DT
heart	NN
condition	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
have	VB
medical	JJ
insurance	NN
or	CC
your	PRP$
income	NN
is	VBZ
low	JJ
you	PRP
should	MD
contact	VB
Social	NNP
Services	NNPS
about	IN
applying	VBG
for	IN
medicare\/medicade	NN
.	.
No	DT
one	NN
can	MD
be	VB
denied	VBN
standard	JJ
hospital	NN
care	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
their	PRP$
ability	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
or	CC
not	RB
pay	VB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
against	IN
the	DT
law	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
therapists	NNS
and	CC
clinics	NNS
or	CC
treatment	NN
centers	NNS
will	MD
work	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
assume	VB
that	IN
because	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
big	JJ
establishment	NN
you	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
afford	VB
it	PRP
.	.
Call	VB
them	PRP
and	CC
discuss	VB
what	WP
your	PRP$
options	NNS
are	VBP
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
them	PRP
will	MD
base	VB
what	WP
you	PRP
pay	VBP
on	IN
what	WP
your	PRP$
income	NN
situation	NN
is	VBZ
,	,
working	VBG
on	IN
a	DT
sliding	VBG
scale	NN
to	TO
attempt	VB
to	TO
accommodate	VB
everyone	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
therapists	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
willing	JJ
to	TO
reduce	VB
their	PRP$
fees	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
arrange	VB
a	DT
payment	NN
schedule	NN
.	.
Some	DT
larger	JJR
clinics	NNS
and	CC
organizations	NNS
offer	VBP
``	``
scholorships	NNS
''	''
or	CC
grants	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
people	NNS
in	IN
low-income	JJ
situations	NNS
so	IN
that	IN
long-term	JJ
recovery	NN
care	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
option	NN
.	.
Large	JJ
facilities	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
The	DT
Rader	NNP
Institude	NNP
will	MD
make	VB
a	DT
special	JJ
effort	NN
to	TO
accomodate	VB
everyone	NN
's	POS
needs	NNS
,	,
whether	IN
you	PRP
require	VBP
in-patient	JJ
treatment	NN
or	CC
out-patient	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
provide	VB
all	DT
levels	NNS
of	IN
treatment	NN
or	CC
refer	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
a	DT
therapist	NN
while	IN
helping	VBG
to	TO
employ	VB
your	PRP$
needs	NNS
as	IN
far	RB
as	IN
insurance	NN
coverage	NN
,	,
ability	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
and	CC
affordability	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
They	PRP
also	RB
accept	VBP
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
insurances	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
Medicare	NNP
.	.
A	DT
number	NN
of	IN
National	NNP
Organizations	NNP
will	MD
take	VB
your	PRP$
ability	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
and	CC
salary	NN
into	IN
consideration	NN
when	WRB
referring	VBG
you	PRP
to	TO
therapists	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
therapists	NNS
that	WDT
leave	VBP
``	``
slots	NNS
''	''
open	JJ
for	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
can	MD
not	RB
afford	VB
to	TO
pay	VB
,	,
or	CC
who	WP
can	MD
only	RB
pay	VB
very	RB
little	RB
,	,
which	WDT
allows	VBZ
for	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
take	VB
two	CD
or	CC
three	CD
clients	NNS
into	IN
their	PRP$
case	NN
load	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
not	RB
afford	VB
typical	JJ
therapy	NN
fees	NNS
or	CC
who	WP
can	MD
not	RB
afford	VB
to	TO
pay	VB
at	IN
all	DT
.	.
A	DT
number	NN
of	IN
therapists	NNS
are	VBP
more	RBR
than	IN
willing	JJ
to	TO
negotiate	VB
their	PRP$
fees	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
income	NN
and	CC
ability	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
they	PRP
will	MD
accept	VB
payment	NN
.	.
Make	NNP
your	PRP$
sure	JJ
you	PRP
tell	VBP
the	DT
organization	NN
what	WP
you	PRP
can	MD
and	CC
ca	MD
n't	RB
afford	VB
before	IN
receiving	VBG
a	DT
referral	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
sense	NN
wasting	NN
time	NN
investigating	VBG
treatment	NN
services	NNS
you	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
afford	VB
.	.
Another	DT
option	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
contact	VB
graduate	JJ
universities	NNS
,	,
colleges	NNS
or	CC
mental	JJ
hospitals	NNS
that	WDT
offer	VBP
psychology	NN
as	IN
a	DT
major	JJ
,	,
or	CC
counseling	NN
certification	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
A	DT
number	NN
of	IN
these	DT
schools	NNS
will	MD
have	VB
intern	JJ
programs	NNS
where	WRB
you	PRP
can	MD
get	VB
good	JJ
therapy	NN
from	IN
a	DT
graduate	NN
student	NN
fulfilling	VBG
intern	NN
hours	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
usually	RB
get	VB
this	DT
type	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
at	IN
a	DT
comparitively	RB
low	JJ
cost	NN
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
also	RB
try	VB
contacting	VBG
well	RB
established	VBN
clinics	NNS
or	CC
long-term	JJ
practicing	VBG
therapists	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
sometimes	RB
have	VBP
interns	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
staff	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
offer	VB
therapy	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
just	RB
as	RB
good	JJ
at	IN
a	DT
reduced	JJ
rate	NN
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
cases	NNS
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Treatment	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
specifically	RB
covered	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
insurance	NN
company	NN
,	,
while	IN
other	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
emotional	JJ
and	CC
psychological	JJ
treatment	NN
are	VBP
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
strong	JJ
cross-over	NN
between	IN
depression	NN
and\/or	CC
anxiety	NN
and	CC
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and	CC
your	PRP$
therapist	NN
can	MD
logically	RB
diagnose	VB
you	PRP
or	CC
a	DT
loved	VBD
one	CD
with	IN
Depression	NN
or	CC
Anxiety	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
other	JJ
appropriate	JJ
emotional\/psychological	JJ
disorder	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
Post	NNP
Traumatic	NNP
Stress	NN
Disorder	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
see	VB
that	DT
your	PRP$
insurance	NN
will	MD
cover	VB
the	DT
treatment	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
uncommon	JJ
or	CC
uncalled	JJ
for	IN
,	,
nor	CC
is	VBZ
it	PRP
unethical	JJ
.	.
Many	JJ
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
have	VBP
on-campus	JJ
health	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
counselors	NNS
and	CC
support	NN
groups	NNS
geared	VBN
towards	IN
assisting	VBG
students	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
mental	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
.	.
Services	NNPS
are	VBP
often	RB
low	JJ
in	IN
cost	NN
or	CC
free	JJ
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
medical	JJ
universities	NNS
and	CC
colleges	NNS
are	VBP
continuously	RB
doing	VBG
research	NN
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
In	IN
these	DT
cases	NNS
often	RB
times	NNS
they	PRP
will	MD
provide	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
mental	JJ
and\/or	CC
physical	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
medication	NN
for	IN
free	JJ
in	IN
return	NN
for	IN
being	VBG
allowed	VBN
to	TO
use	VB
their	PRP$
findings	NNS
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
research	NN
.	.
These	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
programs	NNS
are	VBP
usually	RB
available	JJ
to	TO
anyone	NN
,	,
student	NN
or	CC
not	RB
,	,
as	RB
long	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
fit	VBP
the	DT
criteria	NNS
for	IN
research	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
i.e.	FW
certain	JJ
age	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
gender	NN
comparisons	NNS
,	,
drug	NN
effectiveness	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
You	PRP
can	MD
often	RB
find	VB
examples	NNS
of	IN
these	DT
research	NN
programs	NNS
available	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
Special	JJ
Bulletins	NNS
section	NN
or	CC
within	IN
the	DT
Treatment	NNP
Finder	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
look	VB
in	IN
your	PRP$
local	JJ
yellow	JJ
pages	NNS
,	,
blue	JJ
pages	NNS
or	CC
newspaper	NN
for	IN
support	NN
groups	NNS
.	.
Support	NN
groups	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
run	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
person	NN
in	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
or	CC
by	IN
volunteers	NNS
for	IN
organizations	NNS
are	VBP
very	RB
often	RB
free	JJ
,	,
or	CC
have	VBP
minimal	JJ
``	``
dues	NNS
''	''
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
The	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
and	CC
Associated	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
sponsors	VBZ
many	JJ
local	JJ
support	NN
groups	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
world	NN
that	WDT
are	VBP
completely	RB
free	JJ
of	IN
charge	NN
.	.
Self-help	JJ
groups	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
Overeaters	NNP
Anonymous	NNP
and	CC
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Anonymous	NNP
usually	RB
offer	VBP
their	PRP$
meetings	NNS
free	JJ
of	IN
charge	NN
just	RB
asking	VBG
for	IN
small	JJ
donations	NNS
if	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
afford	VB
it	PRP
.	.
When	WRB
it	PRP
comes	VBZ
to	TO
support	VB
groups	NNS
and	CC
self-help	JJ
groups	NNS
there	EX
are	VBP
a	DT
great	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
options	NNS
available	JJ
-	:
many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
organizations	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
refer	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
local	JJ
chapters	NNS
and	CC
meetings	NNS
,	,
and	CC
there	EX
are	VBP
some	DT
example	NN
of	IN
supports	NNS
groups	NNS
run	VBP
both	DT
under	IN
the	DT
sponsorship	NN
of	IN
associations	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
run	VBN
personally	RB
by	IN
people	NNS
in	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
Treatment	NNP
Finder	NNP
.	.
Another	DT
option	NN
available	JJ
is	VBZ
to	TO
look	VB
in	IN
your	PRP$
local	JJ
yellow	JJ
pages	NNS
or	CC
blue	JJ
pages	NNS
under	IN
``	``
Community	NNP
Services	NNP
''	''
or	CC
``	``
Community	NNP
Service	NNP
Agencies	NNPS
''	''
in	IN
a	DT
therapy	NN
or	CC
counselors	NNS
section	NN
.	.
There	EX
should	MD
be	VB
organizations	NNS
listed	VBN
that	IN
can	MD
provide	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
basic	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
needs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
as	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
specifically	RB
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
geared	VBD
they	PRP
can	MD
still	RB
provide	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
the	DT
basic	JJ
tools	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
you	PRP
started	VBN
in	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
also	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
refer	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
other	JJ
local	JJ
therapy	NN
options	NNS
and	CC
support	NN
groups	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
low-cost	JJ
and	CC
free	JJ
.	.
Through	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
there	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
find	VB
support	NN
and	CC
even	RB
therapy	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
support	NN
you	PRP
can	MD
find	VB
on-line	JJ
will	MD
be	VB
,	,
of	IN
course	NN
,	,
free	JJ
.	.
Some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
therapy	NN
options	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
relatively	RB
low	JJ
in	IN
cost	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
range	NN
of	IN
options	NNS
is	VBZ
anything	NN
from	IN
on-line	JJ
pen-pals	NNS
,	,
newsgroups	NNS
and	CC
discussion	NN
forums	NNS
,	,
speaking	VBG
with	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
on-line	JJ
,	,
Interactive	JJ
Relay	NNP
Chat	NNP
support	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
and	CC
bulletin	NN
boards	NNS
.	.
Keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
,	,
on-line	JJ
support	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
replace	VB
important	JJ
one-on-one	JJ
therapy	NN
and	CC
``	``
real-time	JJ
''	''
help	NN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
great	JJ
and	CC
low-cost	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
find	VB
the	DT
support	NN
you	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
through	IN
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
begin	VB
to	TO
browse	VB
your	PRP$
options	NNS
by	IN
visiting	VBG
the	DT
Online	NNP
Support	NN
section	NN
and	CC
our	PRP$
Online	NNP
Therapy	NNP
section	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
Web	NNP
Board	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
bulletin	NN
board	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
Remember	VB
It	PRP
Hurts	VBZ
includes	VBZ
a	DT
section	NN
for	IN
open	JJ
discussions	NNS
on	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
submitting	VBG
a	DT
letter	NN
of	IN
encouragement	NN
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
also	RB
invited	VBN
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
ongoing	JJ
open	JJ
discussion	NN
about	IN
recovery	NN
on	IN
the	DT
web	NN
board	NN
--	:
``	``
The	DT
Other	JJ
Side	NN
''	''
section	NN
of	IN
the	DT
site	NN
has	VBZ
now	RB
also	RB
been	VBN
permanently	RB
incorporated	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
bulletin	NN
board	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
read	VB
below	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
``	``
THE	DT
OTHER	NNP
SIDE	NNP
''	''
section	NN
of	IN
the	DT
site	NN
is	VBZ
incorporated	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
bulletin	NN
board	NN
.	.
This	DT
allows	VBZ
authors	NNS
to	TO
retain	VB
anonymity	NN
if	IN
they	PRP
choose	VBP
to	TO
,	,
but	CC
will	MD
also	RB
allow	VB
others	NNS
to	TO
contact	VB
them	PRP
directly	RB
about	IN
their	PRP$
writings	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
they	PRP
choose	VBP
to	TO
allow	VB
it	PRP
in	IN
their	PRP$
member	NN
profile	NN
--	:
``	``
My	PRP$
Stuff	NN
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
chosen	VBN
to	TO
now	RB
accept	VB
articles	NNS
this	DT
way	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
us	PRP
with	IN
the	DT
time	NN
management	NN
required	VBN
in	IN
running	VBG
the	DT
entire	JJ
site	NN
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
encourages	VBZ
support	NN
and	CC
communication	NN
in	IN
all	DT
those	DT
recovering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
NOT	RB
wish	VB
to	TO
communicate	VB
with	IN
other	JJ
members	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
still	RB
post	VB
your	PRP$
story	NN
here	RB
--	:
when	WRB
you	PRP
register	VBP
just	RB
be	VB
sure	JJ
to	TO
check	VB
the	DT
box	NN
that	WDT
says	VBZ
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
want	VB
other	JJ
member	NN
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
e-mail	VB
you	PRP
,	,
and	CC
do	VBP
not	RB
include	VB
any	DT
additional	JJ
contact	NN
info	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
ICQ	NNP
number	NN
or	CC
AIM\/Yahoo	JJ
nickname	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
''	''
...	:
I	PRP
journal	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
only	RB
look	VBP
at	IN
magazines	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
positive	JJ
self-image	NN
messages	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
spend	VBP
minimal	JJ
time	NN
with	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
make	VBP
me	PRP
feel	VB
inadequate	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
more	JJR
assertive	JJ
if	IN
people	NNS
try	VBP
and	CC
impose	VBP
themselves	PRP
on	IN
me	PRP
...	:
''	''
''	''
...	:
I	PRP
relapsed	VBD
once	RB
and	CC
ended	VBD
up	RP
IP	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
ashamed	JJ
of	IN
that	DT
at	IN
first	RB
,	,
but	CC
then	RB
I	PRP
realized	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
went	VBD
there	RB
on	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
will	NN
to	TO
prevent	VB
things	NNS
from	IN
getting	VBG
worse	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
got	VBD
ahold	NN
of	IN
things	NNS
again	RB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
walked	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
those	DT
doors	NNS
a	DT
stronger	JJR
person	NN
...	:
''	''
''	''
...	:
It	PRP
gives	VBZ
me	PRP
the	DT
energy	NN
to	TO
chase	VB
my	PRP$
sisters	NNS
,	,
and	CC
work	NN
at	IN
my	PRP$
job	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
is	VBZ
physically	RB
demanding	VBG
since	IN
I	PRP
work	VBP
and	CC
a	DT
garden	NN
center	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
go	VB
to	TO
school	NN
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
now	RB
see	VB
food	NN
as	IN
a	DT
neccessity	NN
,	,
not	RB
an	DT
enemy	NN
...	:
''	''
``	``
I	PRP
am	VBP
no	DT
different	JJ
from	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
non-recovered	JJ
compulsive	JJ
eater	NN
out	IN
there	RB
;	:
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
willingness	NN
to	TO
stop	VB
eating	VBG
,	,
yet	RB
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
desperately	RB
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
done	VBN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
hope	NN
and	CC
freedom	NN
from	IN
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
...	:
''	''
``	``
If	IN
feels	VBZ
good	JJ
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
so	RB
wrapped	VBN
up	RP
in	IN
self-pity	NN
.	.
Recovery	NN
to	TO
me	PRP
is	VBZ
giving	VBG
up	RP
the	DT
securities	NNS
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
offers	NNS
,	,
giving	VBG
up	RP
my	PRP$
introverted	JJ
unknown	JJ
self	NN
,	,
and	CC
unleashing	VBG
my	PRP$
extroverted	JJ
prior	JJ
self	NN
...	:
''	''
Be	VB
gentle	JJ
and	CC
caring	NN
,	,
and	CC
be	VB
prepared	VBN
to	TO
listen	VB
without	IN
offering	VBG
mounds	NNS
of	IN
advice	NN
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
the	DT
person	NN
's	POS
therapist	NN
,	,
nor	CC
should	MD
you	PRP
pretend	VB
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
Being	VBG
a	DT
good	JJ
listener	NN
means	VBZ
your	PRP$
ears	NNS
are	VBP
open	JJ
and	CC
your	PRP$
mouth	NN
is	VBZ
shut	VBN
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
intervening	VBG
with	IN
``	``
yeah	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
know	VBP
what	WP
you	PRP
mean	VBP
,	,
that	DT
happened	VBD
to	TO
me	PRP
once	RB
when	WRB
...	:
''	''
-	:
just	RB
listen	VBP
.	.
If	IN
they	PRP
then	RB
finish	VBP
and	CC
ask	VBP
what	WP
your	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
or	CC
opinions	NNS
are	VBP
,	,
be	VB
honest	JJ
and	CC
caring	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
make	VB
the	DT
person	NN
feel	VB
threatened	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
your	PRP$
job	NN
to	TO
dictate	VB
what	WP
they	PRP
should	MD
and	CC
should	MD
n't	RB
do	VB
.	.
If	IN
this	DT
person	NN
has	VBZ
finally	RB
decided	VBN
to	TO
talk	VB
to	TO
you	PRP
and	CC
trust	NN
you	PRP
,	,
cherish	VB
it	PRP
and	CC
uphold	VB
your	PRP$
role	NN
in	IN
holding	VBG
their	PRP$
confidence	NN
.	.
Be	VB
encouraging	JJ
.	.
The	DT
recovery	NN
road	NN
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
long	JJ
and	CC
uphill	JJ
battle	NN
,	,
with	IN
pitfalls	NNS
and	CC
setbacks	NNS
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
be	VB
disappointed	VBN
or	CC
disapproving	VBG
when	WRB
a	DT
sufferer	NN
displays	NNS
signs	NNS
of	IN
falling	VBG
back	RB
,	,
just	RB
encourage	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
continue	VB
pushing	VBG
forward	RP
.	.
Recovery	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
only	RB
hard	JJ
work	NN
,	,
but	CC
can	MD
be	VB
very	RB
confusing	JJ
and	CC
painful	JJ
,	,
be	VB
sure	JJ
to	TO
remind	VB
them	PRP
that	IN
you	PRP
understand	VBP
this	DT
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
``	``
you	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
always	RB
continue	VB
to	TO
stride	NN
forward	RB
without	IN
a	DT
stumble	NN
from	IN
time	NN
to	TO
time	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
okay	JJ
.	.
''	''
Read	VB
as	RB
much	JJ
as	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
on	IN
the	DT
topic	NN
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
more	JJR
you	PRP
know	VBP
,	,
the	DT
more	RBR
equipped	JJ
you	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
to	TO
offer	VB
a	DT
helping	VBG
hand	NN
.	.
Photocopy	NN
or	CC
print	NN
out	IN
articles	NNS
of	IN
interest	NN
and	CC
if	IN
time	NN
presents	NNS
itself	PRP
share	VBP
the	DT
info	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
loved	VBD
one	CD
,	,
but	CC
do	VBP
not	RB
overstep	VB
your	PRP$
boundaries	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
person	NN
has	VBZ
asked	VBN
you	PRP
not	RB
to	TO
do	VB
certain	JJ
things	NNS
,	,
or	CC
talk	VB
about	IN
things	NNS
,	,
then	RB
respect	VB
their	PRP$
wishes	NNS
.	.
Do	VBP
not	RB
talk	VB
about	IN
food	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
!	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
continuously	RB
ask	VB
what	WP
the	DT
person	NN
has	VBZ
or	CC
has	VBZ
n't	RB
eaten	VBN
,	,
how	WRB
much	JJ
weight	NN
they	PRP
have	VBP
lost	VBN
,	,
or	CC
how	WRB
great	JJ
or	CC
bad	JJ
they	PRP
look	VBP
after	IN
gaining	VBG
or	CC
losing	VBG
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
rude	JJ
and	CC
very	RB
threatening	JJ
and	CC
you	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
win	VB
either	DT
way	NN
.	.
Saying	VBG
they	PRP
look	VBP
``	``
healthy	JJ
since	IN
you	PRP
've	VBP
put	VBN
on	IN
some	DT
weight	NN
''	''
is	VBZ
heard	VBN
as	IN
``	``
you	PRP
are	VBP
fat	JJ
,	,
''	''
and	CC
expressing	VBG
disappointment	NN
or	CC
concern	NN
in	IN
weight	NN
loss	NN
comes	VBZ
across	RP
as	IN
``	``
you	PRP
're	VBP
a	DT
failure	NN
''	''
or	CC
``	``
you	PRP
're	VBP
a	DT
burden	NN
.	.
''	''
By	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
token	JJ
,	,
do	VBP
n't	RB
be	VB
afraid	JJ
to	TO
talk	VB
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
the	DT
person	NN
about	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
day	NN
to	TO
day	NN
living	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
,	,
``	``
yeah	NN
,	,
Fred	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
went	VBD
out	RP
for	IN
dinner	NN
last	JJ
night	NN
and	CC
the	DT
steak	NN
was	VBD
so	RB
good	JJ
.	.
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
Your	PRP$
stumbling	VBG
to	TO
avoid	VB
topics	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
as	IN
noticed	VBN
as	IN
your	PRP$
persistence	NN
in	IN
discussing	VBG
them	PRP
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
watch	VB
the	DT
person	NN
``	``
like	IN
a	DT
hawk	NN
''	''
when	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
eating	VBG
,	,
or	CC
give	VB
looks	NNS
when	WRB
they	PRP
excuse	VBP
themselves	PRP
from	IN
a	DT
meal	NN
or	CC
from	IN
the	DT
table	NN
.	.
Recovery	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
easy	JJ
and	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
happen	VB
overnight	JJ
!	.
Be	VB
respectful	JJ
and	CC
courteous	JJ
and	CC
do	VB
not	RB
try	VB
to	TO
be	VB
The	DT
Food	NNP
Police	NNP
.	.
If	IN
your	PRP$
loved	VBD
one	CD
is	VBZ
looking	VBG
for	IN
recovery	NN
resources	NNS
try	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
let	VB
him\/her	VB
get	VB
discouraged	VBN
.	.
Unfortunately	RB
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
doctors	NNS
and	CC
therapists	NNS
out	IN
there	RB
that	DT
do	VBP
not	RB
know	VB
what	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
doing	VBG
,	,
or	CC
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
recognize	VB
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
as	IN
the	DT
serious	JJ
issue	NN
they	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
Be	VB
supportive	JJ
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
feel	VBP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
within	IN
your	PRP$
boundaries	NNS
,	,
offer	VBP
to	TO
help	VB
-	:
find	VB
names	NNS
of	IN
local	JJ
support	NN
groups	NNS
and	CC
therapists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
offer	NN
to	TO
go	VB
with	IN
them	PRP
their	PRP$
first	JJ
time	NN
if	IN
they	PRP
'd	MD
like	VB
the	DT
company	NN
.	.
If	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
getting	VBG
discouraged	VBD
be	VB
patient	NN
,	,
supportive	JJ
and	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
push	VB
.	.
Recovery	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
personal	JJ
choice	NN
each	DT
sufferer	NN
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
make	VB
for	IN
him	PRP
or	CC
herself	PRP
.	.
Encourage	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
find	VB
support	NN
in	IN
others	NNS
who	WP
share	VBP
the	DT
same	JJ
experiences	NNS
,	,
through	IN
support	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
on-line	JJ
bulletin	NN
boards	NNS
or	CC
chat	VB
rooms	NNS
,	,
or	CC
through	IN
larger	JJR
meetings	NNS
like	IN
those	DT
of	IN
Overeaters	NNP
Anonymous	NNP
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
national	JJ
organizations	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Links	NNP
and	CC
Resources	NNP
Section	NNP
which	WDT
will	MD
give	VB
you	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
loved	VBD
one	CD
a	DT
good	JJ
place	NN
to	TO
start	VB
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
pretend	VB
to	TO
understand	VB
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
never	RB
had	VBN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
yourself	PRP
...	:
it	PRP
will	MD
sound	VB
condescending	JJ
and	CC
ingenuine	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
supportive	JJ
without	IN
living	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
or	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
yourself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
your	PRP$
loved-one	NN
will	MD
appreciate	VB
that	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
you	PRP
putting	VBG
on	RP
a	DT
facade	NN
of	IN
empathy	NN
.	.
The	DT
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
can	MD
do	VB
better	JJR
in	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
recovery	NN
with	IN
a	DT
good	JJ
support	NN
network	NN
behind	IN
them	PRP
...	:
consider	VB
it	PRP
this	DT
way	NN
--	:
do	VBP
n't	RB
we	PRP
all	DT
do	VBP
better	JJR
in	IN
life	NN
when	WRB
we	PRP
know	VBP
we	PRP
have	VBP
people	NNS
we	PRP
can	MD
count	VB
on	IN
?	.
Learn	VB
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
good	JJ
listener	NN
and	CC
what	WP
``	``
being	VBG
there	RB
''	''
for	IN
someone	NN
truly	RB
means	VBZ
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
have	VB
a	DT
loved-one	NN
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
but	CC
you	PRP
yourself	PRP
suffer	VBP
,	,
please	VB
jump	NN
over	IN
to	TO
our	PRP$
Remember	VB
It	PRP
Hurts	VBZ
bulletin	NN
board	NN
for	IN
support	NN
.	.
The	DT
Family	NNP
and	CC
Friends	NNPS
Support	NN
Finder	NNP
is	VBZ
strictly	RB
for	IN
parents	NNS
,	,
step-parents	NNS
,	,
brothers	NNS
and	CC
sisters	NNS
,	,
spouses	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
other	JJ
loved-ones	NNS
of	IN
those	DT
who	WP
suffer	VBP
from	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
or	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
child	NN
,	,
spouse	NN
,	,
family	NN
member	NN
,	,
friend	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
loved	VBD
one	CD
suffering	NN
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
or	CC
Bulimia	NNP
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
welcome	JJ
to	TO
come	VB
here	RB
to	TO
find	VB
support	NN
and	CC
discuss	VB
treatment	NN
options	NNS
and	CC
methods	NNS
.	.
This	DT
community	NN
is	VBZ
kept	VBN
separate	JJ
from	IN
our	PRP$
sufferers	NNS
community	NN
.	.
Although	IN
research	NN
is	VBZ
lacking	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
study	NN
of	IN
separate	JJ
groups	NNS
of	IN
women	NNS
of	IN
color	NN
,	,
Lester	NNP
&	CC
Petrie	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
1998	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
conducted	VBN
a	DT
research	NN
study	NN
involving	VBG
bulimic	JJ
symptomatology	NN
among	IN
African	JJ
American	JJ
college	NN
females	NNS
.	.
Their	PRP$
results	NNS
indicated	VBD
that	IN
when	WRB
``	``
dissatisfaction	NN
with	IN
body	NN
size	NN
and	CC
shape	NN
was	VBD
higher	JJR
,	,
the	DT
self-esteem	NN
lower	JJR
,	,
and	CC
when	WRB
the	DT
body	NN
mass	NN
was	VBD
greater	JJR
,	,
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
reported	VBN
bulimic	JJ
symptoms	NNS
was	VBD
also	RB
greater	JJR
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
p.	NN
7	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Variables	NNS
that	WDT
were	VBD
found	VBN
to	TO
not	RB
be	VB
significant	JJ
indicators	NNS
to	TO
bulimic	JJ
symptoms	NNS
in	IN
African	JJ
American	JJ
college	NN
women	NNS
were	VBD
depression	NN
,	,
internalization	NN
of	IN
societal	JJ
values	NNS
of	IN
attractiveness	NN
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
level	NN
of	IN
identification	NN
with	IN
White	NNP
culture	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Lester	NNP
&	CC
Petrie	NNP
,	,
1998	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
this	DT
information	NN
could	MD
be	VB
generalized	VBN
to	TO
African	JJ
American	JJ
women	NNS
outside	IN
of	IN
college	NN
is	VBZ
at	IN
this	DT
time	NN
unknown	NN
.	.
Another	DT
suggestion	NN
made	VBN
by	IN
Harris	NNP
&	CC
Kuba	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
1997	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
was	VBD
to	TO
note	VB
that	IN
the	DT
identity	NN
formation	NN
of	IN
women	NNS
of	IN
color	NN
in	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
complex	JJ
process	NN
and	CC
the	DT
counselor	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
working	VBG
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
developmental	JJ
stages	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
formation	NN
.	.
Each	DT
developmental	JJ
stage	NN
can	MD
take	VB
on	RP
quite	RB
different	JJ
implications	NNS
when	WRB
combined	VBN
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Think	VB
of	IN
the	DT
three	CD
and	CC
four	CD
year	NN
old	JJ
who	WP
is	VBZ
continuously	RB
praised	VBN
for	IN
being	VBG
``	``
oh	UH
so	RB
cute	JJ
''	''
.	.
With	IN
an	DT
increased	VBN
population	NN
of	IN
children	NNS
who	WP
spend	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
time	NN
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
television	NN
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
more	JJR
of	IN
them	PRP
coming	VBG
up	RP
with	IN
a	DT
superficial	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
who	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
Images	NNS
on	IN
T.V.	NNP
spend	VBP
countless	JJ
hours	NNS
telling	VBG
us	PRP
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
,	,
be	VB
thin	JJ
and	CC
beautiful	JJ
,	,
buy	VB
more	JJR
stuff	NN
because	IN
people	NNS
will	MD
like	VB
us	PRP
and	CC
we	PRP
'll	MD
be	VB
better	JJR
people	NNS
for	IN
it	PRP
.	.
Programming	NN
on	IN
the	DT
tube	NN
rarely	RB
depicts	VBZ
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
with	IN
``	``
average	JJ
''	''
body-types	NNS
or	CC
crappy	JJ
clothes	NNS
,	,
ingraining	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
back	NN
of	IN
all	DT
our	PRP$
minds	NNS
that	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
type	NN
of	IN
life	NN
we	PRP
want	VBP
.	.
Overweight	JJ
characters	NNS
are	VBP
typically	RB
portrayed	VBN
as	IN
lazy	JJ
,	,
the	DT
one	CD
with	IN
no	DT
friends	NNS
,	,
or	CC
``	``
the	DT
bad	JJ
guy	NN
''	''
,	,
while	IN
thin	JJ
women	NNS
and	CC
pumped-up	JJ
men	NNS
are	VBP
the	DT
successful	JJ
,	,
popular	JJ
,	,
sexy	JJ
and	CC
powerful	JJ
ones	NNS
.	.
How	WRB
can	MD
we	PRP
tell	VB
our	PRP$
children	NNS
that	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
what	WP
's	VBZ
inside	IN
that	DT
counts	VBZ
,	,
when	WRB
the	DT
media	NNS
continuously	RB
contradicts	VBZ
this	DT
message	NN
?	.
Super	NNP
models	NNS
in	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
popular	JJ
magazines	NNS
have	VBP
continued	VBN
to	TO
get	VB
thinner	JJR
and	CC
thinner	JJR
.	.
Modeling	NN
agencies	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
reported	VBN
to	TO
actively	RB
pursue	VB
Anorexic	JJ
models	NNS
.	.
The	DT
average	JJ
woman	NN
model	NN
weighs	VBZ
up	RP
to	TO
25	CD
%	NN
less	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
typical	JJ
woman	NN
and	CC
maintains	VBZ
a	DT
weight	NN
at	IN
about	IN
15	CD
to	TO
20	CD
percent	NN
below	IN
what	WP
is	VBZ
considered	VBN
healthy	JJ
for	IN
her	PRP$
age	NN
and	CC
height	NN
.	.
Some	DT
models	NNS
go	VBP
through	IN
plastic	NN
surgery	NN
,	,
some	DT
are	VBP
``	``
taped-up	JJ
''	''
to	TO
mold	NN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
into	IN
more	JJR
photogenic	JJ
representations	NNS
of	IN
themselves	PRP
,	,
and	CC
photos	NNS
are	VBP
airbrushed	VBN
before	IN
going	VBG
to	TO
print	NN
.	.
By	IN
far	RB
,	,
these	DT
body	NN
types	NNS
and	CC
images	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
the	DT
norm	NN
and	CC
unobtainable	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
average	JJ
individual	NN
,	,
and	CC
far	RB
and	CC
wide	RB
,	,
the	DT
constant	JJ
force	NN
of	IN
these	DT
images	NNS
on	IN
society	NN
makes	VBZ
us	PRP
believe	VB
they	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
.	.
We	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
remind	VB
ourselves	PRP
and	CC
each	DT
other	JJ
constantly	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
especially	RB
children	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	IN
these	DT
images	NNS
are	VBP
fake	JJ
.	.
Diet	NNP
advertisments	NNS
are	VBP
another	DT
problem	NN
.	.
On	IN
television	NN
,	,
in	IN
magazines	NNS
and	CC
newspapers	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
are	VBP
continually	RB
exposed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
notion	NN
that	IN
losing	VBG
weight	NN
will	MD
make	VB
us	PRP
happier	JJR
and	CC
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
through	IN
``	``
THIS	NNP
diet	NN
plan	NN
''	''
.	.
Time	NNP
and	CC
time	NN
again	RB
it	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
proven	VBN
that	IN
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
long-term	JJ
,	,
regimented	JJ
diet	NN
plans	NNS
DO	NNP
NOT	NNP
work	NN
,	,
yet	RB
our	PRP$
society	NN
continues	VBZ
to	TO
buy	VB
into	IN
the	DT
idea	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
.	.
Pop-culture	NN
's	POS
imposed	VBN
definition	NN
of	IN
``	``
the	DT
ideal	JJ
body	NN
''	''
combined	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
diet	NN
industry	NN
's	POS
drive	NN
to	TO
make	VB
more	JJR
money	NN
,	,
creates	VBZ
a	DT
never-ending	JJ
cycle	NN
of	IN
ad	NN
upon	IN
ad	NN
that	WDT
try	VBP
to	TO
convince	VB
us	PRP
''	''
...	:
if	IN
you	PRP
lose	VBP
weight	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
life	NN
will	MD
be	VB
good	JJ
.	.
''	''
The	DT
flip	JJ
side	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
as	RB
long	JJ
as	IN
we	PRP
continue	VBP
to	TO
buy	VB
into	IN
their	PRP$
false	JJ
claims	NNS
by	IN
purchasing	VBG
these	DT
-LRB-	-LRB-
often	RB
dangerous	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
products	NNS
,	,
the	DT
more	JJR
the	DT
diet	NN
industry	NN
will	MD
keep	VB
pushing	VBG
their	PRP$
slogans	NNS
at	IN
us	PRP
.	.
While	IN
all	DT
of	IN
these	DT
images	NNS
,	,
advertisements	NNS
,	,
and	CC
messages	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
counterproductive	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
good	JJ
self-image	NN
,	,
and	CC
society	NN
's	POS
overall	JJ
acceptance	NN
of	IN
each	DT
person	NN
's	POS
different	JJ
size	NN
and	CC
shape	NN
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
NOT	RB
the	DT
reason	NN
so	RB
many	JJ
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
develop	VBP
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
These	DT
images	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
help	VB
,	,
and	CC
for	IN
those	DT
already	RB
open	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
negative	JJ
coping	VBG
mechanisms	NNS
and\/or	CC
mental	JJ
illness	NN
,	,
the	DT
media	NNS
may	MD
play	VB
a	DT
small	JJ
contributing	VBG
role	NN
--	:
but	CC
ultimately	RB
,	,
if	IN
a	DT
young	JJ
man	NN
or	CC
woman	NN
's	POS
life	NN
situation	NN
,	,
environment	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
genetics	NNS
leave	VBP
them	PRP
open	VB
to	TO
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
alcoholism	NN
,	,
drug	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
OCD	NNP
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
they	PRP
will	MD
still	RB
end	VB
up	RP
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
place	NN
regardless	RB
of	IN
television	NN
or	CC
magazines	NNS
.	.
Ultimately	RB
it	PRP
's	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
know	VB
that	DT
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
are	VBP
NOT	NNP
about	IN
weight	NN
and	CC
food	NN
.	.
Rather	RB
they	PRP
are	VBP
complex	JJ
disorders	NNS
where	WRB
each	DT
sufferer	NN
is	VBZ
plagued	VBN
with	IN
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
,	,
an	DT
inability	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
emotions	NNS
and	CC
stress	NN
,	,
and	CC
many	JJ
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
lead	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
their	PRP$
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
Barbie-type	JJ
dolls	NNS
have	VBP
often	RB
be	VB
blamed	VBN
on	IN
playing	VBG
a	DT
role	NN
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
body-image	NN
problems	NNS
and	CC
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
Not	RB
only	RB
do	VB
these	DT
dolls	NNS
have	VBP
fictionally	RB
proportioned	VBN
,	,
small	JJ
body	NN
sizes	NNS
,	,
but	CC
they	PRP
lean	VBP
towards	IN
escalating	VBG
the	DT
belief	NN
that	WDT
materialistic	JJ
possessions	NNS
,	,
beauty	NN
and	CC
thinness	NN
equate	VBP
happiness	NN
.	.
Barbie	NNP
has	VBZ
more	JJR
accessories	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
purchase	VB
than	IN
can	MD
be	VB
believed	VBN
,	,
including	VBG
Ken	NNP
,	,
her	PRP$
attractive	JJ
boyfriend	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
an	DT
assortment	NN
of	IN
jobs	NNS
including	VBG
:	:
Potty-training	VBG
her	PRP$
sister	NN
Kelly	NNP
,	,
princess	NN
and	CC
more	RBR
recently	RB
,	,
Dentist	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
which	WDT
she	PRP
wears	VBZ
a	DT
mini-skirt	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
enough	RB
hair	NN
that	IN
her	PRP$
patients	NNS
would	MD
choke	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
While	IN
I	PRP
personally	RB
do	VBP
NOT	RB
believe	VB
every	DT
girl	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
a	DT
Barbie-type	JJ
doll	NN
is	VBZ
at	IN
risk	NN
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
believe	VB
it	PRP
helps	VBZ
to	TO
perpetuate	VB
an	DT
ideal	NN
of	IN
materialism	NN
,	,
beauty	NN
,	,
and	CC
being	VBG
thin	JJ
as	IN
important	JJ
elements	NNS
to	TO
happiness	NN
in	IN
one	CD
's	POS
life	NN
.	.
At	IN
an	DT
age	NN
where	WRB
children	NNS
are	VBP
very	RB
impressionable	JJ
and	CC
seek	VB
to	TO
be	VB
like	IN
the	DT
role	NN
models	NNS
around	IN
them	PRP
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
emphasize	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
pretend	JJ
.	.
If	IN
your	PRP$
kids	NNS
want	VBP
these	DT
dolls	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
lots	NNS
of	IN
kids	NNS
do	VBP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
they	PRP
should	MD
learn	VB
to	TO
rely	VB
on	IN
their	PRP$
imagination	NN
in	IN
playing	VBG
with	IN
Barbie	NNP
creatively	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
we	PRP
often	RB
have	VBP
her	PRP$
driving	VBG
a	DT
dump	NN
truck	NN
or	CC
fixing	VBG
the	DT
car	NN
in	IN
our	PRP$
house	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
In	IN
general	JJ
,	,
children	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
exposed	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
variety	NN
toys	NNS
,	,
and	CC
provided	VBN
with	IN
well-rounded	JJ
choices	NNS
.	.
Most	JJS
importantly	RB
,	,
they	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
see	VB
in	IN
real-life	JJ
the	DT
true	JJ
role	NN
models	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
doctors	NNS
,	,
teachers	NNS
,	,
women	NNS
and	CC
men	NNS
in	IN
history	NN
,	,
artists	NNS
,	,
writers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
moms	NNS
and	CC
dads	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
media	NNS
,	,
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
societal	JJ
problems	NNS
are	VBP
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
lack	NN
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
Girls	NNS
and	CC
boys	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
changes	NNS
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
go	VBP
through	IN
during	IN
puberty	NN
and	CC
why	WRB
,	,
and	CC
as	RB
well	RB
,	,
why	WRB
they	PRP
should	MD
feel	VB
proud	JJ
of	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WDT
size	NN
or	CC
shape	NN
.	.
People	NNS
in	IN
societal	JJ
``	``
pop-culture	JJ
''	''
,	,
whether	IN
consciously	RB
or	CC
subconsciously	RB
,	,
perpetuate	VBP
the	DT
ideal	NN
of	IN
thinness	NN
through	IN
their	PRP$
conversations	NNS
,	,
judgements	NNS
and	CC
teasing	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
peers	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
family	NN
members	NNS
.	.
The	DT
association	NN
of	IN
shame	NN
with	IN
weight	NN
as	IN
women	NNS
tend	VBP
to	TO
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
disclose	VB
what	WP
they	PRP
weigh	VBP
,	,
or	CC
do	VB
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
be	VB
seen	VBN
in	IN
``	``
this	DT
bathing-suit	NN
''	''
or	CC
``	``
that	IN
pair	NN
of	IN
shorts	NNS
''	''
contributes	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
sense	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
ashamed	JJ
of	IN
their	PRP$
body	NN
size	NN
.	.
The	DT
chronic	JJ
passive	NN
obsession	NN
about	IN
weight	NN
within	IN
families	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
wife	NN
asks	VBZ
husband	NN
``	``
do	VBP
I	PRP
look	VBP
fat	JJ
in	IN
this	DT
?	.
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
within	IN
circles	NNS
of	IN
friends	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
first	JJ
time	NN
seeing	VBG
someone	NN
in	IN
a	DT
while	NN
,	,
the	DT
comment	NN
:	:
``	``
you	PRP
've	VBP
gained\/lost	VBN
weight	NN
!	.
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
continues	VBZ
to	TO
emphasize	VB
the	DT
idea	NN
that	WDT
how	WRB
we	PRP
look	VBP
and	CC
what	WP
we	PRP
weigh	VBP
is	VBZ
of	IN
utmost	JJ
importance	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
us	PRP
blame	VBP
the	DT
magazines	NNS
and	CC
diet	NN
ads	NNS
,	,
while	IN
we	PRP
walk	VBP
around	IN
guilty	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
``	``
crimes	NNS
''	''
.	.
Couch	NN
potato	NN
or	CC
exercise	NN
freak	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
consistent	JJ
example	NN
set	VBN
to	TO
our	PRP$
children	NNS
that	IN
moderate	JJ
regular	JJ
exercise	NN
is	VBZ
good	JJ
for	IN
us	PRP
and	CC
essential	JJ
for	IN
our	PRP$
health	NN
.	.
They	PRP
either	RB
see	VBP
us	PRP
rigourously	JJ
obsessed	VBN
with	IN
burning	VBG
calories	NNS
and	CC
fat	JJ
,	,
or	CC
neglecting	VBG
our	PRP$
bodies	NNS
through	IN
lack	NN
of	IN
activity	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
live	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
the	DT
video	NN
game	NN
and	CC
the	DT
internet	NN
where	WRB
many	JJ
of	IN
our	PRP$
children	NNS
spend	VBP
countless	JJ
hours	NNS
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
Nintendo	NNP
or	CC
watching	VBG
as	IN
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
sit	VBP
at	IN
the	DT
computer	NN
for	IN
hours	NNS
on	IN
end	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
encourage	VB
your	PRP$
kids	NNS
to	TO
go	VB
outside	JJ
and	CC
play	NN
and	CC
to	TO
teach	VB
them	PRP
about	IN
exercise	NN
.	.
They	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
know	VB
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
such	JJ
a	DT
thing	NN
as	IN
too	RB
much	JJ
or	CC
too	RB
little	JJ
.	.
The	DT
best	JJS
thing	NN
you	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
for	IN
your	PRP$
children	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
take	VB
walks	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
family	NN
four	CD
or	CC
five	CD
days	NNS
per	IN
week	NN
,	,
because	IN
``	``
it	PRP
's	VBZ
good	JJ
for	IN
our	PRP$
bodies	NNS
and	CC
because	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
fun	NN
''	''
.	.
A	DT
recent	JJ
study	NN
by	IN
a	DT
popular	JJ
television	NN
news	NN
program	NN
investigated	VBD
the	DT
pursuit	NN
of	IN
a	DT
professional	JJ
career	NN
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
looks	VBZ
play	VB
a	DT
role	NN
.	.
Two	CD
men	NNS
and	CC
two	CD
women	NNS
were	VBD
sent	VBN
out	RP
in	IN
search	NN
of	IN
jobs	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
one	CD
of	IN
each	DT
was	VBD
considered	VBN
more	RBR
attractive	JJ
than	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
,	,
and	CC
their	PRP$
looks	NNS
were	VBD
accentuated	VBN
up	RP
or	CC
down	RP
with	IN
make-up	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Both	DT
dressed	VBN
well	RB
and	CC
had	VBD
equal	JJ
qualifications	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
time	NN
the	DT
``	``
more	RBR
attractive	JJ
''	''
man	NN
or	CC
woman	NN
,	,
though	IN
equally	RB
well-spoken	JJ
,	,
amicable	JJ
and	CC
qualified	JJ
,	,
was	VBD
immediately	RB
invited	VBN
back	RB
for	IN
a	DT
return	NN
interview	NN
,	,
or	CC
hired	VBD
right	RB
away	RB
.	.
Looks	NNS
and	CC
weight	NN
have	VBP
continued	VBN
to	TO
play	VB
a	DT
role	NN
in	IN
whether	IN
a	DT
person	NN
is	VBZ
hired	VBN
,	,
or	CC
is	VBZ
able	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
promoted	VBN
,	,
especially	RB
in	IN
women	NNS
.	.
Professional	JJ
women	NNS
are	VBP
often	RB
expected	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
,	,
well-dressed	JJ
,	,
and	CC
attractive	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
should	MD
visit	VB
the	DT
International	NNP
Size	NN
Acceptance	NNP
Association	NNP
about	IN
the	DT
topic	NN
of	IN
fighting	VBG
size	NN
discrimination	NN
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
society	NN
's	POS
historical	JJ
role	NN
in	IN
setting	VBG
what	WP
is	VBZ
perceived	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
``	``
standard	JJ
''	''
for	IN
the	DT
average	JJ
individual	NN
,	,
the	DT
same	JJ
is	VBZ
true	JJ
of	IN
specific	JJ
groups	NNS
of	IN
individuals	NNS
.	.
Listed	VBN
below	IN
are	VBP
additional	JJ
reasons	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
ones	NNS
above	IN
why	WRB
teens	NNS
,	,
college	NN
students	NNS
,	,
dancers	NNS
and	CC
athletes	NNS
are	VBP
at	IN
risk	NN
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
think	VBP
of	IN
a	DT
ballet	NN
dancer	NN
or	CC
dancer	NN
you	PRP
think	VBP
immediately	RB
of	IN
a	DT
slender	JJ
individual	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
pressures	NNS
of	IN
staying	VBG
thin	JJ
,	,
dancers	NNS
are	VBP
faced	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
stress	NN
of	IN
achieving	VBG
perfection	NN
for	IN
performance	NN
,	,
often	RB
with	IN
hours	NNS
of	IN
exercise	NN
and	CC
rehearsals	NNS
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
also	RB
sometimes	RB
additional	JJ
pressures	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
instructor	NN
to	TO
maintain	VB
and\/or	CC
lose	VB
weight	NN
that	IN
become	VBN
unreasonable	JJ
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
desperate	JJ
attempt	NN
to	TO
fit	VB
the	DT
profile	NN
and	CC
stay	VB
thin	JJ
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
to	TO
please	VB
judges	NNS
in	IN
competition	NN
,	,
gymnasts	NNS
and	CC
figure	NN
skators	NNS
are	VBP
at	IN
an	DT
elevated	JJ
risk	NN
of	IN
developing	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
As	IN
with	IN
dancers	NNS
,	,
the	DT
stresses	VBZ
of	IN
perfection	NN
in	IN
competition	NN
contributes	VBZ
to	TO
hours	NNS
of	IN
rigourous	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
Gymnast	NNP
Christy	NNP
Henrich	NNP
died	VBD
from	IN
complications	NNS
due	JJ
to	TO
her	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
in	IN
1994	CD
,	,
at	IN
22	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
age	NN
.	.
Nadia	NNP
Comaneci	NNP
,	,
Cathy	NNP
Rigby	NNP
and	CC
Kathy	NNP
Johnson	NNP
have	VBP
all	DT
come	VBP
forward	RB
and	CC
admitted	VBN
to	TO
battling	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
.	.
Adolescence	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
time	NN
of	IN
confusion	NN
when	WRB
teens	NNS
are	VBP
often	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
discover	VB
who	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
as	IN
they	PRP
journey	NN
closer	RBR
to	TO
adulthood	NN
.	.
They	PRP
face	VBP
increased	VBN
independence	NN
,	,
life	NN
choices	NNS
and	CC
new	JJ
friendships	NNS
and	CC
they	PRP
begin	VBP
to	TO
date	NN
and	CC
seek	VB
acceptance	NN
from	IN
the	DT
opposite	JJ
sex	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
peers	NNS
...	:
All	DT
of	IN
this	DT
while	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
are	VBP
changing	VBG
and	CC
their	PRP$
hormones	NNS
are	VBP
raging	VBG
!	.
This	DT
combined	VBN
with	IN
any	DT
additional	JJ
problems	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
family	NN
,	,
friends	NNS
or	CC
new	JJ
relationships	NNS
can	MD
easily	RB
put	VB
teens	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
risk	NN
for	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
College	NNP
students	NNS
are	VBP
feeling	VBG
pressures	NNS
to	TO
succeed	VB
.	.
Additional	JJ
stress	NN
factors	NNS
include	VBP
making	VBG
new	JJ
friends	NNS
,	,
moving	VBG
away	RB
from	IN
home	NN
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
new	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
independence	NN
and	CC
freedom	NN
combined	VBN
with	IN
confusion	NN
and	CC
fear	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
heavier	JJR
work	NN
load	NN
expected	VBN
of	IN
them	PRP
and	CC
late-night	JJ
studying	VBG
and	CC
cramming	VBG
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
having	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
taking	VBG
care	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
meals	NNS
in-between	JJ
it	PRP
all	DT
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
usually	RB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
major	JJ
turning	VBG
points	NNS
they	PRP
face	VBP
as	IN
young	JJ
adults	NNS
,	,
requiring	VBG
a	DT
time	NN
of	IN
adjustment	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
send	VB
them	PRP
into	IN
a	DT
tale-spin	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
easy	JJ
to	TO
see	VB
why	WRB
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
in	IN
college	NN
students	NNS
continues	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
on	IN
the	DT
rise	NN
.	.
I	PRP
received	VBD
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
this	DT
essay	NN
from	IN
a	DT
young	JJ
woman	NN
who	WP
chose	VBD
to	TO
write	VB
an	DT
essay	NN
on	IN
this	DT
subject	NN
for	IN
her	PRP$
International	JJ
Baccaulaureate	NNP
Diploma	NNP
.	.
All	DT
candidates	NNS
had	VBD
to	TO
submit	VB
a	DT
4000	CD
word	NN
essay	NN
on	IN
the	DT
subject	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
choice	NN
.	.
After	IN
she	PRP
recovered	VBD
from	IN
a	DT
minor	JJ
case	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
herself	PRP
,	,
this	DT
topic	NN
sparked	VBD
an	DT
interest	NN
.	.
Anorexia	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
growing	VBG
disorder	NN
in	IN
our	PRP$
society	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
affect	VBP
thousands	NNS
of	IN
people	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
world	NN
.	.
A	DT
select	JJ
group	NN
,	,
young	JJ
female	JJ
ballet	NN
dancers	NNS
are	VBP
molded	VBN
into	IN
thinking	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
succeed	VB
with	IN
their	PRP$
dream	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
.	.
Exploring	VBG
causes	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
leads	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
young	JJ
girls	NNS
'	POS
obsession	NN
with	IN
weight	NN
.	.
Why	WRB
is	VBZ
there	EX
such	PDT
a	DT
high	JJ
incidence	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
in	IN
ballet	NN
dancers	NNS
?	.
The	DT
causes	NNS
of	IN
anorexia	NN
will	MD
give	VB
an	DT
indication	NN
of	IN
why	WRB
ballet	NN
dancers	NNS
are	VBP
at	IN
high	JJ
risk	NN
of	IN
getting	VBG
this	DT
disease	NN
.	.
``	``
Due	JJ
to	TO
cultural	JJ
ideals	NNS
of	IN
feminine	JJ
beauty	NN
,	,
young	JJ
women	NNS
feel	VBP
a	DT
strong	JJ
desire	NN
to	TO
be	VB
thinner	JJR
than	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
naturally	RB
tend	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Counseling	NN
Centre	NNP
,	,
State	NNP
University	NNP
of	IN
New	NNP
York	NNP
and	CC
Buffalo	NNP
,	,
1995	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
,	,
they	PRP
change	VBP
their	PRP$
eating	JJ
patterns	NNS
and	CC
they	PRP
may	MD
develop	VB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
An	DT
anorexic	JJ
will	MD
avoid	VB
eating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
point	NN
of	IN
emaciation	NN
where	WRB
the	DT
damage	NN
done	VBN
to	TO
her	PRP$
body	NN
is	VBZ
irreversible	JJ
.	.
.	.
Some	DT
anorexics	NNS
also	RB
are	VBP
compulsive	JJ
exercisers	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
common	JJ
trait	NN
in	IN
a	DT
dancer	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
her	PRP$
busy	JJ
schedule	NN
of	IN
dance	NN
classes	NNS
.	.
This	DT
disease	NN
is	VBZ
most	RBS
commonly	RB
found	VBN
in	IN
young	JJ
girls	NNS
in	IN
upper	JJ
middle	JJ
class	NN
families	NNS
but	CC
it	PRP
can	MD
develop	VB
in	IN
both	DT
sexes	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
.	.
In	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
information	NN
given	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Counseling	NN
Centre	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Virginia	NNP
,	,
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
this	DT
disease	NN
is	VBZ
generally	RB
at	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
11	CD
or	CC
18	CD
,	,
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
adolescence	NN
and	CC
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
adolescence	NN
,	,
both	DT
beginnings	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
new	JJ
phase	NN
in	IN
life	NN
.	.
Approximately	RB
sixty	JJ
percent	NN
of	IN
anorexics	NNS
develop	VBP
bulimia	NN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
where	WRB
the	DT
patient	NN
will	MD
binge-eat	VB
followed	VBN
by	IN
self-induced	JJ
vomiting	NN
or	CC
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
laxatives	NNS
.	.
About	IN
twenty	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
anorexics	NNS
die	VBP
;	:
however	RB
,	,
with	IN
psychiatric	JJ
help	NN
,	,
approximately	RB
one	CD
third	JJ
over	IN
come	VBN
this	DT
disorder	NN
,	,
as	IN
observed	VBN
in	IN
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
.	.
An	DT
anorexic	JJ
is	VBZ
diagnosed	VBN
by	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
body	NN
weight	NN
twenty	CD
percent	NN
below	IN
the	DT
expected	VBN
body	NN
weight	NN
of	IN
a	DT
health	NN
person	NN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
age	NN
and	CC
height	NN
of	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
patient	NN
.	.
The	DT
patient	JJ
demonstrates	VBZ
a	DT
fear	NN
of	IN
gaining	VBG
weight	NN
or	CC
of	IN
becoming	VBG
fat	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
feel	VB
too	RB
fat	JJ
even	RB
though	IN
their	PRP$
body	NN
weight	NN
is	VBZ
well	RB
below	IN
the	DT
normal	JJ
weight	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
height	NN
.	.
An	DT
anorexic	JJ
shows	NNS
all	DT
signs	NNS
that	IN
she	PRP
suffers	VBZ
severely	RB
from	IN
malnutrition	NN
.	.
Anorexia	NNP
is	VBZ
triggered	VBN
by	IN
many	JJ
different	JJ
events	NNS
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
cause	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
in	IN
a	DT
girl	NN
is	VBZ
perception	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
Anorexics	NNS
know	VBP
they	PRP
are	VBP
heavier	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
rest	NN
of	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
around	IN
them	PRP
or	CC
they	PRP
feel	VBP
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
heftier	JJR
and	CC
they	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
something	NN
about	IN
it	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
feel	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
quickest	JJS
way	NN
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
not	RB
eat	VB
at	IN
all	DT
.	.
They	PRP
think	VBP
that	IN
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
food	NN
going	VBG
into	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
that	WDT
eventually	RB
the	DT
body	NN
will	MD
use	VB
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
stored	VBN
energy	NN
,	,
fat	JJ
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
they	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
thin	JJ
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
fallacy	NN
.	.
Another	DT
reason	NN
for	IN
becoming	VBG
anorexic	JJ
is	VBZ
the	DT
need	NN
to	TO
obtain	VB
perfection	NN
.	.
A	DT
perfectionist	NN
desires	NNS
excellence	NN
in	IN
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
She	PRP
will	MD
stay	VB
up	RP
all	DT
night	NN
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
her	PRP$
closet	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
order	NN
alphabetically	RB
or	CC
iron	VB
all	DT
of	IN
her	PRP$
clothes	NNS
once	RB
a	DT
week	NN
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
become	VB
creased	JJ
.	.
A	DT
perfectionist	NN
will	MD
scrub	NN
her	PRP$
nails	NNS
each	DT
morning	NN
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
they	PRP
shine	VBP
.	.
She	PRP
will	MD
stop	VB
eating	VBG
to	TO
fit	VB
her	PRP$
opinion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
ideal	NN
,	,
impeccable	JJ
person	NN
.	.
A	DT
perfectionist	NN
seeks	VBZ
flawlessness	NN
and	CC
when	WRB
she	PRP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
flawlessness	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
met	VBN
she	PRP
will	MD
do	VB
something	NN
to	TO
make	VB
it	PRP
ideal	JJ
.	.
If	IN
an	DT
obsessive	JJ
person	NN
thinks	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
perfect	JJ
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
,	,
then	RB
she	PRP
will	MD
diet	NN
.	.
A	DT
perfectionist	NN
also	RB
likes	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
better	JJR
than	IN
her	PRP$
equal	JJ
.	.
If	IN
she	PRP
sees	VBZ
someone	NN
with	IN
a	DT
waist	NN
an	DT
inch	NN
smaller	JJR
,	,
her	PRP$
waist	NN
must	MD
be	VB
two	CD
inches	NNS
smaller	JJR
.	.
She	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
better	JJR
than	IN
all	DT
others	NNS
.	.
Anorexics	NNS
sometimes	RB
desire	VBP
control	NN
over	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
People	NNS
who	WP
fall	VBP
towards	IN
anorexia	NN
for	IN
control	NN
feel	VBP
they	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
control	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
only	JJ
thing	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
control	VBP
is	VBZ
what	WP
they	PRP
put	VBD
in	RP
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
.	.
Their	PRP$
teachers	NNS
control	VBP
their	PRP$
marks	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
control	VBP
what	WP
they	PRP
do	VBP
,	,
wear	VBP
or	CC
the	DT
time	NN
they	PRP
must	MD
arrive	VB
home	NN
at	IN
night	NN
.	.
Their	PRP$
friends	NNS
control	VBP
where	WRB
they	PRP
go	VBP
and	CC
that	IN
leaves	VBZ
one	CD
thing	NN
left	VBN
in	IN
life	NN
to	TO
control	VB
:	:
their	PRP$
diet	NN
.	.
A	DT
person	NN
desiring	VBG
control	NN
feels	VBZ
that	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
is	VBZ
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
and	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
falling	VBG
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
.	.
They	PRP
feel	VBP
that	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
life	NN
,	,
no	DT
meaning	NN
and	CC
they	PRP
feel	VBP
that	IN
nothing	NN
is	VBZ
theirs	JJ
.	.
The	DT
one	CD
thing	NN
they	PRP
find	VBP
that	DT
is	VBZ
theirs	PRP
is	VBZ
their	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
control	VB
their	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
put	VBD
what	WP
they	PRP
want	VBP
into	IN
it	PRP
or	CC
put	VB
nothing	NN
at	IN
all	DT
.	.
Anorexics	NNS
also	RB
shows	VBZ
signs	NNS
that	IN
they	PRP
feel	VBP
incompetent	JJ
.	.
When	WRB
a	DT
person	NN
feels	VBZ
that	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
no	DT
good	JJ
at	IN
anything	NN
and	CC
find	VB
she	PRP
has	VBZ
the	DT
control	NN
not	RB
to	TO
eat	VB
for	IN
extended	JJ
periods	NNS
of	IN
time	NN
,	,
she	PRP
find	VB
she	PRP
is	VBZ
good	JJ
at	IN
something	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
person	NN
who	WP
gets	VBZ
poor	JJ
grades	NNS
in	IN
school	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
told	VBN
by	IN
her	PRP$
parents	NNS
that	IN
she	PRP
will	MD
never	RB
do	VB
anything	NN
worthwhile	JJ
,	,
is	VBZ
told	VBN
by	IN
her	PRP$
siblings	NNS
that	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
stupid	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
hurts	VBZ
the	DT
person	NN
and	CC
makes	VBZ
her	PRP$
feel	NN
incompetent	JJ
.	.
When	WRB
they	PRP
start	VBP
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
and	CC
people	NNS
around	IN
them	PRP
say	VBP
they	PRP
look	VBP
good	JJ
or	CC
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
finally	RB
doing	VBG
a	DT
good	JJ
job	NN
at	IN
dieting	NN
,	,
the	DT
person	NN
is	VBZ
inclined	VBN
to	TO
please	VB
even	RB
more	RBR
.	.
``	``
If	IN
people	NNS
like	IN
me	PRP
like	IN
this	DT
,	,
wait	VB
until	IN
they	PRP
see	VBP
me	PRP
a	DT
few	JJ
pounds	NNS
lighter	JJR
.	.
Then	RB
wait	VB
until	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
even	RB
lighter	JJR
than	IN
that	DT
.	.
''	''
A	DT
person	NN
who	WP
feels	VBZ
dependent	JJ
on	IN
other	JJ
people	NNS
in	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
can	MD
also	RB
be	VB
driven	VBN
to	TO
anorexia	NN
.	.
If	IN
an	DT
adolescent	JJ
feels	VBZ
that	IN
her	PRP$
parents	NNS
are	VBP
choosing	VBG
her	PRP$
clothing	NN
,	,
friends	NNS
or	CC
controlling	VBG
public	JJ
behavior	NN
she	PRP
may	MD
seek	VB
independence	NN
.	.
Some	DT
youths	NNS
may	MD
choose	VB
to	TO
rebel	NN
by	IN
getting	VBG
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
pierced	VBD
,	,
but	CC
others	NNS
may	MD
look	VB
for	IN
the	DT
a	DT
secret	NN
and	CC
more	JJR
subtle	JJ
independence	NN
.	.
People	NNS
who	WP
seek	VBP
independence	NN
and	CC
achieve	VB
the	DT
feeling	NN
of	IN
independence	NN
through	IN
dieting	NN
generally	RB
come	VBN
from	IN
loving	JJ
families	NNS
.	.
Few	JJ
anorexics	NNS
are	VBP
unloved	JJ
and	CC
are	VBP
unwanted	JJ
by	IN
their	PRP$
families	NNS
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
situation	NN
where	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
unloved	JJ
abuse	NN
is	VBZ
usually	RB
involved	VBN
.	.
These	DT
youth	NN
need	NN
room	NN
to	TO
grow	VB
up	RP
.	.
They	PRP
find	VBP
this	DT
by	IN
relying	VBG
on	IN
themselves	PRP
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
and	CC
put	VBD
into	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
what	WP
they	PRP
want	VBP
when	WRB
they	PRP
want	VBP
.	.
Some	DT
reasons	NNS
for	IN
anorexia	NN
are	VBP
deeper	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
need	NN
for	IN
control	NN
or	CC
independence	NN
.	.
Some	DT
people	NNS
have	VBP
deep	JJ
emotional	JJ
conflicts	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
unresolved	JJ
.	.
Children	NNS
of	IN
abuse	NN
have	VBP
a	DT
higher	JJR
incidence	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
than	IN
a	DT
child	NN
who	WP
comes	VBZ
from	IN
a	DT
home	NN
where	WRB
she	PRP
and	CC
other	JJ
family	NN
members	NNS
are	VBP
respectful	JJ
to	TO
each	DT
other	JJ
.	.
When	WRB
a	DT
child	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
abused	JJ
physically	RB
or	CC
sexually	RB
she	PRP
is	VBZ
accustomed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
abuse	NN
and	CC
feel	VB
that	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
life	NN
is	VBZ
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
abuse	NN
stops	VBZ
when	WRB
she	PRP
is	VBZ
older	JJR
she	PRP
feels	VBZ
that	IN
because	IN
nobody	NN
else	JJ
is	VBZ
abusing	VBG
her	PRP
,	,
she	PRP
has	VBZ
to	TO
abuse	VB
herself	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
does	VBZ
this	DT
through	IN
abstaining	VBG
from	IN
food	NN
.	.
A	DT
child	NN
who	WP
grows	VBZ
into	IN
an	DT
adolescent	JJ
who	WP
is	VBZ
still	RB
being	VBG
abused	VBN
may	MD
be	VB
told	VBN
by	IN
their	PRP$
abuser	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
fat	JJ
and	CC
ugly	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
told	VBN
that	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
and	CC
the	DT
fastest	JJS
way	NN
for	IN
them	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
to	TO
not	RB
eat	VB
.	.
Their	PRP$
abuser	NN
may	MD
drive	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
this	DT
saying	VBG
they	PRP
eat	VBP
too	RB
much	JJ
and	CC
should	MD
not	RB
have	VB
another	DT
piece	NN
of	IN
pie	NN
.	.
Deep	JJ
emotional	JJ
conflicts	NNS
can	MD
contribute	VB
to	TO
the	DT
disease	NN
.	.
The	DT
saying	VBG
sticks	NNS
and	CC
bones	NNS
may	MD
break	VB
your	PRP$
bones	NNS
but	CC
names	NNS
can	MD
never	RB
hurt	VB
you	PRP
,	,
is	VBZ
fun	NN
to	TO
say	VB
when	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
younger	JJR
or	CC
to	TO
say	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
youngsters	NNS
,	,
but	CC
names	NNS
can	MD
affect	VB
a	DT
child	NN
emotionally	RB
until	IN
they	PRP
get	VBP
help	VB
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
these	DT
unresolved	JJ
feelings	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
a	DT
child	NN
is	VBZ
told	VBN
that	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
fat	JJ
,	,
ugly	JJ
or	CC
unintellectual	JJ
often	RB
enough	JJ
she	PRP
believes	VBZ
those	DT
comments	NNS
.	.
As	IN
she	PRP
grows	VBZ
into	IN
an	DT
adolescent	JJ
her	PRP$
hips	NNS
begin	VBP
to	TO
widen	VB
,	,
acne	NN
appears	VBZ
on	IN
her	PRP$
face	NN
and	CC
fat	JJ
begins	VBZ
to	TO
deposit	NN
in	IN
places	NNS
that	IN
it	PRP
never	RB
has	VBZ
before	RB
.	.
These	DT
names	NNS
that	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
called	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
child	NN
begin	VB
to	TO
become	VB
true	JJ
in	IN
her	PRP$
eyes	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
looks	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
and	CC
sees	VBZ
a	DT
fat	JJ
girl	NN
.	.
She	PRP
feels	VBZ
she	PRP
has	VBZ
to	TO
do	VB
something	NN
about	IN
her	PRP$
appearance	NN
.	.
She	PRP
buys	VBZ
cleansers	NNS
for	IN
her	PRP$
face	NN
and	CC
starts	VBZ
to	TO
wear	VB
make	VB
up	RP
so	IN
she	PRP
will	MD
color	VB
her	PRP$
apparent	JJ
ugliness	NN
,	,
but	CC
to	TO
get	VB
rid	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
fat	JJ
she	PRP
diets	VBZ
.	.
Just	RB
a	DT
little	JJ
at	IN
first	JJ
but	CC
as	IN
she	PRP
looses	VBZ
weight	NN
her	PRP$
hips	NNS
are	VBP
still	RB
big	JJ
and	CC
she	PRP
decides	VBZ
to	TO
stop	VB
eating	VBG
to	TO
acquire	VB
small	JJ
features	NNS
similar	JJ
to	TO
when	WRB
she	PRP
was	VBD
younger	JJR
.	.
A	DT
common	JJ
reason	NN
for	IN
older	JJR
patients	NNS
of	IN
anorexia	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
the	DT
disease	NN
is	VBZ
depression	NN
.	.
Two	CD
aspects	NNS
from	IN
depression	NN
can	MD
contribute	VB
to	TO
the	DT
disease	NN
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
is	VBZ
when	WRB
a	DT
patient	NN
becomes	VBZ
chronically	RB
depressed	VBN
,	,
all	DT
she	PRP
thinks	VBZ
about	IN
is	VBZ
herself	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
no	DT
time	NN
for	IN
her	PRP$
relatives	NNS
and	CC
she	PRP
has	VBZ
no	DT
time	NN
to	TO
eat	VB
properly	RB
.	.
A	DT
depressed	JJ
person	NN
can	MD
just	RB
forget	VB
to	TO
eat	VB
for	IN
long	JJ
periods	NNS
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
Once	RB
she	PRP
has	VBZ
not	RB
eaten	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
while	IN
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
right	RB
for	IN
her	PRP
,	,
by	IN
then	RB
she	PRP
is	VBZ
anorexic	JJ
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
depressed	JJ
.	.
The	DT
second	JJ
reason	NN
a	DT
depressed	JJ
person	NN
can	MD
develop	VB
anorexia	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
self	NN
absorbed	VBN
,	,
usually	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
figure	VB
out	RP
some	DT
mid-life	JJ
crisis	NN
.	.
One	CD
thing	NN
that	WDT
might	MD
contribute	VB
to	TO
her	PRP$
feelings	NNS
of	IN
self	NN
worthlessness	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
over	IN
weight	NN
.	.
She	PRP
sees	VBZ
the	DT
opportunity	NN
that	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
will	MD
turn	VB
around	RP
if	IN
she	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
eat	VB
for	IN
awhile	RB
.	.
With	IN
many	JJ
pressures	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
ballet	NN
dancer	NN
,	,
the	DT
greatest	JJS
pressure	NN
is	VBZ
on	IN
being	VBG
lean	JJ
.	.
This	DT
pressure	NN
is	VBZ
what	WP
drives	VBZ
a	DT
dancer	NN
to	TO
be	VB
anorexic	JJ
.	.
A	DT
ballerina	NN
has	VBZ
many	JJ
pressures	NNS
on	IN
her	PRP$
but	CC
the	DT
pressure	NN
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
comes	VBZ
before	IN
all	DT
others	NNS
.	.
The	DT
pressures	NNS
of	IN
media	NNS
are	VBP
the	DT
first	JJ
pressures	NNS
that	IN
a	DT
young	JJ
girl	NN
will	MD
notice	VB
when	WRB
developing	VBG
into	IN
a	DT
young	JJ
woman	NN
.	.
She	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
looking	VBG
through	IN
a	DT
catalogue	NN
looking	VBG
for	IN
new	JJ
clothes	NNS
and	CC
see	VB
that	IN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
models	NNS
have	VBP
beautiful	JJ
,	,
little	JJ
figures	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
will	MD
see	VB
pretty	RB
girls	NNS
with	IN
no	DT
acne	NN
or	CC
noticeable	JJ
birth	NN
marks	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
will	MD
get	VB
the	DT
impression	NN
that	IN
the	DT
pictures	NNS
are	VBP
how	WRB
people	NNS
should	MD
look	VB
when	WRB
they	PRP
become	VBP
older	JJR
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
young	JJ
dancer	NN
gets	VBZ
older	JJR
she	PRP
will	MD
see	VB
pictures	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
dancers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
world	NN
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
characterized	VBN
with	IN
narrow	JJ
hips	NNS
,	,
little	JJ
or	CC
no	DT
fat	JJ
deposits	NNS
,	,
slim	JJ
middle	NN
,	,
small	JJ
breasts	NNS
,	,
delicate	JJ
looking	VBG
arms	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
height	NN
is	VBZ
short	JJ
.	.
A	DT
young	JJ
dancer	NN
who	WP
views	VBZ
this	DT
feels	VBZ
that	IN
unless	IN
she	PRP
shares	VBZ
these	DT
characteristics	NNS
she	PRP
will	MD
never	RB
be	VB
the	DT
girl	NN
in	IN
the	DT
picture	NN
.	.
The	DT
media	NNS
pressure	NN
girls	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
perfect	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
display	VB
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
anything	NN
but	CC
the	DT
ideal	NN
and	CC
this	DT
can	MD
have	VB
a	DT
lasting	JJ
effect	NN
on	IN
young	JJ
girls	NNS
.	.
Dance	NNP
teachers	NNS
also	RB
pressure	VBP
their	PRP$
young	JJ
students	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
like	IN
their	PRP$
slender	JJ
heroines	NNS
.	.
In	IN
classes	NNS
they	PRP
are	VBP
told	VBN
to	TO
hold	VB
up	RP
their	PRP$
stomachs	NNS
,	,
making	VBG
them	PRP
look	VB
thin	JJ
from	IN
a	DT
side	NN
view	NN
.	.
Once	RB
during	IN
class	NN
,	,
Kristi	NNP
,	,
a	DT
girl	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
interviewed	VBN
,	,
was	VBD
told	VBN
by	IN
her	PRP$
dance	NN
teacher	NN
not	RB
to	TO
eat	VB
before	IN
class	NN
because	IN
it	PRP
made	VBD
her	PRP$
look	NN
fat	NN
.	.
This	DT
put	VBD
her	PRP$
off	JJ
eating	NN
because	IN
she	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
over	IN
seven	CD
classes	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
,	,
this	DT
left	VBD
no	DT
time	NN
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
The	DT
girls	NNS
look	VBP
up	RP
to	TO
their	PRP$
dance	NN
teacher	NN
,	,
whom	WP
as	IN
their	PRP$
mentor	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
control	NN
to	TO
forecast	VB
the	DT
girls	NNS
'	POS
outcome	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
patterns	NNS
.	.
If	IN
she	PRP
makes	VBZ
it	PRP
an	DT
important	JJ
issue	NN
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
girls	NNS
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
good	JJ
dancer	NN
then	RB
the	DT
girls	NNS
are	VBP
more	RBR
likely	JJ
to	TO
become	VB
anorexic	JJ
and	CC
lose	VB
the	DT
weight	NN
to	TO
satisfy	VB
their	PRP$
teachers	NNS
expectations	NNS
.	.
Pressures	NNS
put	VBD
onto	IN
a	DT
girl	NN
from	IN
her	PRP$
parents	NNS
are	VBP
hard	JJ
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
girl	NN
entering	VBG
adolescence	NN
still	RB
has	VBZ
some	DT
baby	NN
fat	NN
on	IN
her	PRP
,	,
she	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
realize	VB
that	IN
the	DT
fat	JJ
on	IN
her	PRP$
will	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
wisely	RB
by	IN
her	PRP$
body	NN
to	TO
fully	RB
mature	VB
into	IN
womanhood	NN
.	.
This	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
knowledge	NN
may	MD
deter	VB
her	PRP
,	,
and	CC
think	VB
that	IN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
to	TO
get	VB
rid	JJ
of	IN
this	DT
extra	JJ
fat	NN
that	IN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
.	.
If	IN
parents	NNS
tell	VBP
their	PRP$
children	NNS
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
fat	JJ
and	CC
need	VB
to	TO
lose	VB
the	DT
weight	NN
the	DT
children	NNS
listen	VBP
.	.
As	IN
far	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
concerned	VBN
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
are	VBP
always	RB
right	JJ
and	CC
would	MD
never	RB
tell	VB
them	PRP
something	NN
that	WDT
did	VBD
not	RB
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
done	VBN
.	.
Parents	NNS
who	WP
allow	VBP
their	PRP$
daughters	NNS
to	TO
feel	VB
fat	JJ
because	IN
of	IN
something	NN
they	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
said	VBN
are	VBP
just	RB
as	RB
much	JJ
to	TO
blame	VB
for	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
the	DT
disease	NN
as	IN
the	DT
daughters	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
because	IN
the	DT
daughters	NNS
have	VBP
always	RB
looked	VBN
up	RP
to	TO
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
.	.
Then	RB
if	IN
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
start	VBP
to	TO
find	VB
fault	NN
with	IN
their	PRP$
daughters	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
figures	NNS
the	DT
daughters	NNS
will	MD
immediately	RB
respond	VB
by	IN
loosing	VBG
weight	NN
immediately	RB
.	.
A	DT
ballerina	NN
could	MD
start	VB
her	PRP$
training	NN
as	IN
early	JJ
as	IN
four	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
and	CC
through	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
that	IN
she	PRP
comes	VBZ
out	IN
of	IN
being	VBG
a	DT
toddler	NN
to	TO
becoming	VBG
a	DT
school	NN
girl	NN
into	IN
adolescents	NNS
she	PRP
notices	NNS
many	JJ
things	NNS
.	.
.	.
She	PRP
will	MD
see	VB
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
changes	NNS
in	IN
herself	PRP
.	.
Some	DT
of	IN
these	DT
are	VBP
good	JJ
,	,
boys	NNS
become	VBP
cute	JJ
,	,
her	PRP$
breasts	NNS
start	VBP
to	TO
grow	VB
,	,
hips	NNS
widen	VBP
,	,
her	PRP$
menstrual	JJ
cycle	NN
begins	VBZ
and	CC
she	PRP
becomes	VBZ
taller	JJR
.	.
Some	DT
things	NNS
about	IN
growing	VBG
up	RP
are	VBP
not	RB
good	JJ
.	.
For	IN
one	CD
thing	NN
there	EX
is	VBZ
the	DT
problem	NN
in	IN
a	DT
ballerina	NN
that	IN
her	PRP$
breasts	NNS
will	MD
grow	VB
too	RB
big	JJ
to	TO
conform	VB
to	TO
the	DT
figure	NN
of	IN
the	DT
perfect	JJ
small	JJ
ballerina	NN
.	.
Hips	NNS
start	VBP
to	TO
fill	VB
out	RP
and	CC
the	DT
``	``
ballet	NN
bum	NN
''	''
begins	VBZ
to	TO
lose	VB
its	PRP$
shape	NN
.	.
Girls	NNS
see	VBP
that	IN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
famous	JJ
and	CC
really	RB
good	JJ
ballerinas	NNS
are	VBP
the	DT
thin	JJ
ones	NNS
,	,
with	IN
no	DT
breasts	NNS
,	,
no	DT
hips	NNS
and	CC
no	DT
stomachs	NNS
.	.
Why	WRB
is	VBZ
this	DT
shape	NN
the	DT
desirable	JJ
shape	NN
for	IN
the	DT
ballerina	NN
?	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
light	JJ
footed	VBN
sure	JJ
of	IN
her	PRP$
steps	NNS
and	CC
shorter	JJR
than	IN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
male	NN
dancers	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
stage	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
timing	NN
for	IN
her	PRP$
career	NN
was	VBD
perfect	JJ
.	.
This	DT
was	VBD
about	IN
the	DT
time	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
became	VBD
fashionable	JJ
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
the	DT
ballet	NN
.	.
Camargo	NNP
became	VBD
famous	JJ
and	CC
every	DT
young	JJ
dancer	NN
in	IN
the	DT
world	NN
wanted	VBD
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
dance	NN
company	NN
so	RB
that	IN
they	PRP
could	MD
share	VB
in	IN
her	PRP$
lime	JJ
light	NN
.	.
The	DT
company	NN
would	MD
not	RB
let	VB
any	DT
new	JJ
dancers	NNS
in	IN
who	WP
were	VBD
taller	JJR
than	IN
their	PRP$
star	NN
performer	NN
.	.
As	IN
girls	NNS
reached	VBD
five	CD
feet	NNS
five	CD
their	PRP$
dreams	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
smashed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
realization	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
would	MD
never	RB
have	VB
Camargo	NNP
's	POS
figure	NN
.	.
This	DT
new	JJ
dancer	NN
also	RB
redefined	VBD
the	DT
shape	NN
of	IN
the	DT
classical	JJ
ballet	NN
dancer	NN
.	.
Before	IN
her	PRP$
debut	NN
on	IN
the	DT
stage	NN
the	DT
ballet	NN
dancers	NNS
were	VBD
not	RB
traditionally	RB
small	JJ
,	,
but	CC
due	JJ
to	TO
her	PRP$
popularity	NN
,	,
the	DT
new	JJ
figure	NN
became	VBD
mandatory	JJ
to	TO
succeed	VB
in	IN
the	DT
world	NN
of	IN
ballet	NN
.	.
A	DT
ballet	NN
dancer	NN
is	VBZ
very	RB
aware	JJ
of	IN
what	WP
her	PRP$
body	NN
looks	VBZ
like	IN
.	.
At	IN
each	DT
practice	NN
she	PRP
attends	VBZ
she	PRP
wears	VBZ
skin-tight	JJ
clothes	NNS
and	CC
dances	NNS
strenuously	RB
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
large	JJ
mirrors	VBZ
.	.
A	DT
dancer	NN
has	VBZ
to	TO
look	VB
at	IN
herself	PRP
for	IN
many	JJ
hours	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
day	NN
and	CC
this	DT
can	MD
cause	VB
a	DT
realization	NN
in	IN
the	DT
dancer	NN
.	.
The	DT
general	JJ
public	NN
may	MD
look	VB
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
for	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
minutes	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
,	,
hardly	RB
aware	JJ
of	IN
what	WP
they	PRP
really	RB
look	VBP
like	IN
,	,
but	CC
a	DT
dancer	NN
has	VBZ
no	DT
choice	NN
but	CC
to	TO
stand	VB
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
a	DT
mirror	NN
and	CC
compare	VB
herself	PRP
with	IN
others	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
room	NN
.	.
Seeing	VBG
others	NNS
thinner	JJR
than	IN
she	PRP
,	,
could	MD
prompt	VB
a	DT
dancer	NN
to	TO
lose	VB
a	DT
few	JJ
pounds	NNS
to	TO
look	VB
as	IN
small	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
dancers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
room	NN
.	.
As	IN
each	DT
one	CD
does	VBZ
this	DT
the	DT
room	NN
of	IN
dancers	NNS
becomes	VBZ
very	RB
small	JJ
.	.
Anorexia	NNP
seems	VBZ
like	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
way	NN
to	TO
become	VB
the	DT
smallest	JJS
dancer	NN
in	IN
the	DT
class	NN
.	.
Another	DT
reason	NN
dancers	NNS
would	MD
want	VB
to	TO
be	VB
small	JJ
is	VBZ
that	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
jump	VB
high	JJ
,	,
spin	VB
fast	RB
and	CC
balance	NN
on	IN
their	PRP$
toes	NNS
for	IN
extended	JJ
periods	NNS
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
dancer	NN
weighs	VBZ
much	JJ
or	CC
her	PRP$
weight	NN
changes	NNS
frequently	RB
these	DT
steps	NNS
are	VBP
difficult	JJ
to	TO
execute	VB
.	.
A	DT
dancer	NN
has	VBZ
to	TO
know	VB
her	PRP$
body	NN
weight	NN
and	CC
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
balance	VB
with	IN
no	DT
exterior	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
``	``
Extra	JJ
weight	NN
changes	VBZ
the	DT
balance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
body	NN
.	.
It	PRP
takes	VBZ
more	RBR
strength	NN
to	TO
get	VB
up	RP
in	IN
the	DT
air	NN
,	,
more	JJR
time	NN
to	TO
do	VB
the	DT
move	NN
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
harder	JJR
to	TO
land	VB
.	.
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Chiu	NNP
,	,
1996	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
A	DT
dancer	NN
also	RB
has	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
conscious	JJ
that	IN
a	DT
man	NN
has	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
carry	VB
her	PRP$
for	IN
extended	JJ
lifts	NNS
and	CC
holds	VBZ
.	.
Knowing	VBG
she	PRP
can	MD
dance	VB
better	RBR
with	IN
a	DT
smaller	JJR
weight	NN
convinces	VBZ
a	DT
dancer	NN
that	IN
she	PRP
must	MD
stay	VB
thin	JJ
at	IN
all	DT
costs	NNS
.	.
A	DT
dancer	NN
is	VBZ
usually	RB
seeking	VBG
perfection	NN
in	IN
the	DT
steps	NNS
that	IN
she	PRP
executes	VBZ
.	.
If	IN
she	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
she	PRP
will	MD
never	RB
reach	VB
a	DT
professionals	NNS
level	NN
.	.
Because	IN
a	DT
dancer	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
perfectionist	NN
,	,
she	PRP
has	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
flawless	JJ
and	CC
better	JJR
than	IN
her	PRP$
peers	NNS
.	.
A	DT
young	JJ
anorexic	JJ
dancer	NN
,	,
when	WRB
interviewed	VBN
stated	VBN
that	IN
,	,
``	``
she	PRP
had	VBD
something	NN
that	IN
other	JJ
people	NNS
wanted	VBD
.	.
They	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
look	VB
like	IN
her	PRP$
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
power	NN
,	,
control	NN
and	CC
accomplishment	NN
that	IN
she	PRP
could	MD
be	VB
like	IN
that	DT
.	.
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Dyson	NNP
,	,
1995	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
This	DT
also	RB
gives	VBZ
the	DT
dancer	NN
a	DT
feeling	NN
that	IN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
an	DT
edge	NN
over	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
dancers	NNS
and	CC
sometimes	RB
this	DT
edge	NN
is	VBZ
important	JJ
.	.
The	DT
ultimate	JJ
goal	NN
for	IN
a	DT
dancer	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
become	VB
a	DT
professional	JJ
.	.
The	DT
truth	NN
is	VBZ
as	IN
stated	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
dancer	NN
,	,
``	``
In	IN
the	DT
real	JJ
world	NN
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
not	RB
thin	JJ
do	VBP
not	RB
get	VB
jobs	NNS
.	.
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Emily	NNP
Martin	NNP
,	,
personal	JJ
communications	NNS
,	,
December	NNP
,	,
1995	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
In	IN
the	DT
dancing	NN
world	NN
this	DT
is	VBZ
true	JJ
.	.
All	DT
dancers	NNS
know	VBP
that	IN
to	TO
get	VB
into	IN
a	DT
dance	NN
company	NN
of	IN
choice	NN
they	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
look	VB
like	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
girls	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
ballet	NN
world	NN
so	RB
that	IN
when	WRB
they	PRP
get	VBP
on	IN
stage	NN
they	PRP
all	DT
look	VBP
the	DT
same	JJ
.	.
The	DT
dancers	NNS
know	VBP
this	DT
and	CC
before	IN
applying	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
dance	NN
company	NN
make	VBP
sure	JJ
that	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
conform	VB
to	TO
the	DT
ideals	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
dance	NN
company	NN
.	.
The	DT
edge	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
being	VBG
smaller	JJR
than	IN
all	DT
other	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
is	VBZ
gained	VBN
through	IN
anorexia	NN
may	MD
be	VB
what	WP
gets	VBZ
them	PRP
into	IN
the	DT
dance	NN
company	NN
.	.
Those	DT
girls	NNS
that	WDT
do	VBP
not	RB
have	VB
the	DT
figures	NNS
have	VBP
to	TO
find	VB
something	NN
else	RB
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
For	IN
some	DT
this	DT
can	MD
be	VB
too	RB
much	JJ
and	CC
that	DT
will	MD
drive	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
anorexia	NN
to	TO
get	VB
into	IN
the	DT
company	NN
the	DT
next	JJ
audition	NN
.	.
Dancers	NNS
are	VBP
usually	RB
from	IN
a	DT
moderately	RB
high	JJ
socio-economic	JJ
background	NN
.	.
As	IN
discussed	VBN
previously	RB
,	,
the	DT
children	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
high	JJ
socio-economic	JJ
background	NN
have	VBP
a	DT
higher	JJR
incidence	NN
of	IN
getting	VBG
anorexia	NN
than	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
group	NN
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
pressures	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
family	NN
life	NN
and	CC
of	IN
dancing	VBG
these	DT
girls	NNS
are	VBP
at	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
risk	NN
than	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
group	NN
in	IN
society	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
of	IN
getting	VBG
anorexia	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
cause	VB
three	CD
changes	NNS
external	JJ
,	,
internal	JJ
and	CC
psychological	JJ
.	.
The	DT
external	JJ
changes	NNS
are	VBP
:	:
Thirty	CD
percent	NN
or	CC
more	JJR
of	IN
body	NN
weight	NN
to	TO
be	VB
lost	VBN
leading	VBG
to	TO
emaciation	NN
,	,
dry	JJ
skin	NN
,	,
hair	NN
loss	NN
and	CC
growth	NN
of	IN
fine	JJ
body	NN
hair	NN
.	.
The	DT
internal	JJ
changes	NNS
that	WDT
occur	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
body	NN
are	VBP
:	:
Irregular	JJ
or	CC
complete	JJ
loss	NN
of	IN
the	DT
menstrual	JJ
cycle	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
amenorrhea	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
low	JJ
blood	NN
pressure	NN
,	,
Oedena	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
swelling	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
loss	NN
in	IN
bone	NN
density	NN
,	,
liver	NN
damage	NN
,	,
dental	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
infertility	NN
,	,
loss	NN
of	IN
insulating	VBG
layer	NN
of	IN
fat	JJ
leading	VBG
to	TO
extreme	JJ
temperature	NN
sensitivity	NN
,	,
cramps	NNS
,	,
diarrhea	NN
,	,
dehydration	NN
,	,
slowed	VBD
or	CC
irregular	JJ
heart	NN
beat	NN
and	CC
dilation	NN
of	IN
intestines	NNS
.	.
The	DT
psychological	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
body	NN
are	VBP
:	:
Withdrawal	NNP
and	CC
isolation	NN
in	IN
society	NN
,	,
impaired	VBN
neuromuscular	JJ
functions	NNS
,	,
fainting	NN
spells	NNS
,	,
insomnia	NN
,	,
weakness	NN
,	,
hyperactivity	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
electrolyte	NN
imbalance	NN
,	,
psychological	JJ
,	,
physical	JJ
and	CC
biochemical	JJ
disturbances	NNS
,	,
and	CC
eventual	JJ
death	NN
.	.
Although	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
can	MD
affect	VB
everyone	NN
,	,
the	DT
incidence	NN
in	IN
dancers	NNS
is	VBZ
almost	RB
one	CD
hundred	CD
percent	NN
as	IN
estimated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
CAAWS	NNP
.	.
``	``
Most	JJS
dancers	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
through	IN
some	DT
kind	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
just	RB
that	IN
we	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
see	VB
it	PRP
.	.
ANYONE	NN
can	MD
suffer	VB
from	IN
Anorexia	NNP
or	CC
Bulimia	NNP
.	.
Regardless	RB
of	IN
previously	RB
held	VBN
beliefs	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
only	RB
young	JJ
,	,
middle-class	NN
white	JJ
teenagers	NNS
or	CC
college	NN
students	NNS
who	WP
can	MD
suffer	VB
.	.
African-American	JJ
,	,
hispanic	JJ
,	,
asian	JJ
,	,
or	CC
white	JJ
,	,
women	NNS
or	CC
men	NNS
,	,
rich	JJ
to	TO
poor	JJ
,	,
from	IN
their	PRP$
teen	JJ
years	NNS
well	RB
into	IN
their	PRP$
fifties	NNS
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
sufferers	NNS
from	IN
every	DT
age-bracket	NN
,	,
class	NN
and	CC
culture	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
rely	VB
on	IN
the	DT
``	``
written	VBN
statistics	NNS
''	''
-	:
they	PRP
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
reports	NNS
made	VBN
to	TO
government	NN
agencies	NNS
and	CC
if	IN
a	DT
country	NN
,	,
state	NN
,	,
or	CC
province	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
require	VB
that	IN
doctors	NNS
report	VBP
the	DT
cases	NNS
,	,
the	DT
statistics	NNS
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
accurate	JJ
.	.
Keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
as	RB
well	RB
,	,
the	DT
more	JJR
shame	NN
a	DT
sufferer	NN
feels	VBZ
,	,
the	DT
less	RBR
likely	JJ
that	IN
they	PRP
will	MD
come	VB
forward	RB
and	CC
say	VB
they	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
...	:
so	RB
if	IN
we	PRP
keep	VBP
perpetuating	VBG
the	DT
idea	NN
that	WDT
only	RB
``	``
young	JJ
white	JJ
women	NNS
''	''
suffer	VBP
,	,
less	JJR
and	CC
less	JJR
of	IN
them	PRP
that	WDT
do	VBP
n't	RB
fit	VB
this	DT
ideal	NN
will	MD
not	RB
come	VB
forward	RB
,	,
be	VB
acknowledged	VBN
,	,
and	CC
get	VB
the	DT
help	NN
they	PRP
deserve	VBP
.	.
Not	RB
True	JJ
!	.
There	EX
are	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
Anorexic	NNP
,	,
Bulimic	NNP
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeaters	NNP
suffering	VBG
that	DT
are	VBP
average	JJ
weight	NN
or	CC
above	IN
.	.
Nutrition	NNP
levels	NNS
,	,
electrolyte	NN
imbalances	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
plethera	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
physical	JJ
dangers	NNS
are	VBP
invisible	JJ
and	CC
happening	VBG
internally	RB
.	.
Most	JJS
importantly	RB
,	,
the	DT
depression	NN
,	,
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
need	VB
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
stress	NN
have	VBP
little	JJ
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
weight	NN
!	.
Food	NNP
and	CC
weight	NN
are	VBP
a	DT
symptom	NN
for	IN
emotional	JJ
conflicts	NNS
.	.
This	DT
false	JJ
statement	NN
can	MD
be	VB
compared	VBN
to	TO
something	NN
like	IN
``	``
every	DT
alcoholic	JJ
is	VBZ
always	RB
falling	VBG
down	RP
drunk	JJ
.	.
''	''
Overeating	VBG
use	NN
food	NN
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
fill	VB
a	DT
void	NN
they	PRP
feel	VBP
.	.
Similar	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
ways	NNS
to	TO
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
CO	NNP
's	POS
have	VBP
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
.	.
They	PRP
use	VBP
food	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
stress	NN
,	,
to	TO
take	VB
away	RP
the	DT
pain	NN
,	,
to	TO
comfort	NN
themselves	PRP
.	.
For	IN
some	DT
it	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
keep	VB
from	IN
being	VBG
vulnerable	JJ
...	:
if	IN
they	PRP
stay	VBP
overweight	JJ
,	,
no	DT
one	NN
will	MD
want	VB
to	TO
get	VB
close	RB
to	TO
them	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
society	NN
has	VBZ
taught	VBN
them	PRP
sadly	RB
enough	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
so	RB
their	PRP$
weight	NN
becomes	VBZ
a	DT
shield	NN
against	IN
closeness	NN
.	.
Concentrating	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
Food	NNP
is	VBZ
Mistake	NNP
#	#
1	CD
.	.
All	DT
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
are	VBP
using	VBG
a	DT
negative	JJ
coping	VBG
mechanism	NN
for	IN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
unpleasant	JJ
emotions	NNS
.	.
Buried	VBN
deep	JJ
down	RB
inside	IN
each	DT
person	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
cause	NN
,	,
or	CC
group	NN
of	IN
causes	NNS
and	CC
pains	NNS
they	PRP
have	VBP
yet	RB
to	TO
be	VB
healed	VBN
from	IN
,	,
that	WDT
has	VBZ
pushed	VBN
them	PRP
to	TO
find	VB
an	DT
alternative	JJ
unhealthy	JJ
means	NNS
of	IN
coping	VBG
with	IN
life	NN
.	.
Managing	VBG
all	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
are	VBP
key	JJ
to	TO
recovery	NN
...	:
stress	NN
,	,
pain	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
past	JJ
and	CC
present	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
learning	VBG
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
emotions	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
learning	VBG
to	TO
eat	VB
healthily	RB
.	.
Learning	NNP
to	TO
not	RB
use	VB
food	NN
as	IN
a	DT
coping	VBG
mechanism	NN
for	IN
the	DT
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
addressed	VBN
until	IN
each	DT
sufferer	NN
begins	VBZ
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and	CC
the	DT
people	NNS
who	WP
suffer	VBP
from	IN
them	PRP
are	VBP
valid	JJ
and	CC
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
taken	VBN
lightly	RB
...	:
People	NNS
die	VBP
from	IN
this	DT
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
our	PRP$
choice	NN
to	TO
live	VB
this	DT
way	NN
throughout	IN
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
very	RB
rarely	RB
find	VB
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
Anorexic	JJ
who	WP
recommends	VBZ
it	PRP
to	TO
a	DT
friend	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
Bulimic	NNP
who	WP
encourages	VBZ
their	PRP$
kids	NNS
to	TO
follow	VB
in	IN
their	PRP$
footsteps	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
find	VB
Compulsive	JJ
Overeaters	NNS
who	WP
say	VBP
``	``
everyone	NN
should	MD
cope	VB
this	DT
way	NN
!	.
''	''
Lots	NNS
of	IN
us	PRP
are	VBP
extremely	RB
depressed	JJ
,	,
most	JJS
of	IN
us	PRP
have	VBP
very	RB
low	JJ
self-esteems	NNS
,	,
and	CC
all	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
are	VBP
at	IN
risk	NN
of	IN
death	NN
.	.
Listed	VBN
below	IN
are	VBP
articles	NNS
written	VBN
by	IN
Doctors	NNS
,	,
Therapists	NNPS
,	,
Nutritionists	NNPS
,	,
and	CC
others	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
Awareness	NNP
and	CC
Treatment	NNP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
article	NN
you	PRP
'd	MD
like	VB
to	TO
submit	VB
,	,
please	VB
contact	NN
us	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
arrangements	NNS
to	TO
place	VB
it	PRP
on	IN
the	DT
site	NN
with	IN
proper	JJ
credit	NN
and	CC
referring	VBG
information	NN
.	.
Below	IN
is	VBZ
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
some	DT
basic	JJ
tests	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
important	JJ
for	IN
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
to	TO
do	VB
during	IN
your	PRP$
struggle	NN
with	IN
and	CC
recovery	NN
from	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
They	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
done	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
Doctors	NNS
,	,
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Sufferers	NNPS
,	,
and	CC
their	PRP$
loved-ones	NNS
can	MD
use	VB
it	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
checklist	NN
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
check	VB
for	IN
things	NNS
like	IN
low	JJ
iron	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
anemia	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
infections	NNS
,	,
some	DT
cancers	NNS
,	,
arthritis	NN
and	CC
inflammations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
immune	JJ
system	NN
functionality	NN
.	.
The	DT
test	NN
does	VBZ
all	PDT
this	DT
by	IN
checking	VBG
your	PRP$
white	JJ
blood	NN
cell	NN
count	NN
,	,
red	JJ
blood	NN
cell	NN
count	NN
and	CC
platelets	NNS
count	NN
.	.
Electrolytes	NNS
-	:
Dehydration	NN
,	,
malnutrition	NN
,	,
self-induced	JJ
vomitting	NN
and	CC
laxative	NN
and\/or	CC
diuretic	NN
abuse	NN
can	MD
all	DT
cause	VB
imbalances	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
electrolytes	NNS
.	.
Electrolytes	NNS
are	VBP
a	DT
specific	JJ
combination	NN
of	IN
minerals	NNS
that	WDT
your	PRP$
body	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
maintain	VB
balance	NN
over	IN
to	TO
function	VB
properly	RB
.	.
Common	JJ
symptoms	NNS
are	VBP
leg	NN
cramps	NNS
,	,
heart	NN
palpitations	NNS
,	,
high	JJ
or	CC
low	JJ
blood	NN
pressure	NN
and	CC
swelling	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
legs	NNS
and	CC
feet	NNS
.	.
An	DT
electrolyte	NN
imbalance	NN
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
kidney	NN
failure	NN
,	,
heart	NN
attack	NN
and	CC
death	NN
.	.
Potassium	SYM
-	:
An	DT
essential	JJ
mineral	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
that	IN
helps	VBZ
maintain	VB
its	PRP$
delicate	JJ
electrolyte	NN
balance	NN
.	.
Common	JJ
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
depleted	VBN
potassium	NN
are	VBP
muscle	NN
cramps	NNS
,	,
problems	NNS
with	IN
skin	NN
,	,
continuous	JJ
thirst	NN
,	,
and	CC
decreased	VBD
blood	NN
pressure	NN
.	.
Calcium	NN
-	:
An	DT
essential	JJ
mineral	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
that	IN
helps	VBZ
maintain	VB
its	PRP$
delicate	JJ
electrolyte	NN
balance	NN
.	.
Common	JJ
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
depleted	VBN
calcium	NN
are	VBP
arm	NN
and	CC
leg	NN
numbness	NN
,	,
headaches	NNS
,	,
fragile	JJ
bones	NNS
,	,
insomnia	NN
,	,
and	CC
muscle	NN
cramps	NNS
.	.
Sodium	NN
-	:
An	DT
essential	JJ
mineral	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
that	IN
helps	VBZ
maintain	VB
its	PRP$
delicate	JJ
electrolyte	NN
balance	NN
.	.
Common	JJ
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
depleted	VBN
sodium	NN
are	VBP
appetite	NN
loss	NN
,	,
cramps	NNS
,	,
fatigue	NN
,	,
eye	NN
disturbances	NNS
,	,
vomiting	NN
,	,
confusion	NN
,	,
and	CC
weakness	NN
.	.
Phosphorus	NN
-	:
An	DT
essential	JJ
mineral	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
that	IN
helps	VBZ
maintain	VB
its	PRP$
delicate	JJ
electrolyte	NN
balance	NN
.	.
Common	JJ
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
depleted	VBN
phosphorus	NN
are	VBP
appetite	NN
loss	NN
,	,
bone	NN
pain	NN
,	,
fatigue	NN
,	,
irregular	JJ
breathing	NN
,	,
dental	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
and	CC
heart	NN
and	CC
kidney	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
Magnesium	SYM
-	:
An	DT
essential	JJ
mineral	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
that	IN
helps	VBZ
maintain	VB
its	PRP$
delicate	JJ
electrolyte	NN
balance	NN
.	.
Common	JJ
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
depleted	VBN
sodium	NN
are	VBP
aching	VBG
muscles	NNS
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
confusion	NN
,	,
decreased	VBD
blood	NN
pressure	NN
and	CC
body	NN
temperature	NN
,	,
noise	NN
sensitivity	NN
,	,
and	CC
rapid	JJ
pulse	NN
.	.
B12	CD
and	CC
Folic	NNP
Acid	NNP
-	:
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
standard	JJ
psychiatrict	NN
bloodtest	NN
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
important	JJ
role	NN
Folic	NNP
Acid	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
B	NNP
Complex	JJ
Vitamins	NNPS
play	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
onset	NN
of	IN
Depression	NN
and	CC
Anxiety	NN
.	.
Lack	NN
of	IN
B12	CD
and	CC
Folic	NNP
Acid	NNP
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
,	,
or	CC
be	VB
caused	VBN
by	IN
problems	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
metabolism	NN
of	IN
protein	NN
,	,
carbohydrates	NNS
and	CC
fat	JJ
,	,
and	CC
with	IN
the	DT
body	NN
's	POS
ability	NN
to	TO
absorb	VB
nutrients	NNS
.	.
Blood	NNP
glucose	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
blood	NN
sugar	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
can	MD
determine	VB
things	NNS
like	IN
hypoglycemia	NN
and	CC
diabetes	NN
.	.
A	DT
disturbance	NN
can	MD
be	VB
caused	VBN
by	IN
dehydration	NN
and	CC
malnutrition	NN
and	CC
an	DT
elevated	VBN
or	CC
low	JJ
blood	NN
sugar	NN
level	NN
can	MD
be	VB
dangerous	JJ
.	.
Liver	NN
function	NN
tests	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
usually	RB
done	VBN
every	DT
year	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
Can	MD
be	VB
important	JJ
in	IN
determining	VBG
things	NNS
like	IN
gallbladder	NN
disease	NN
,	,
liver	NN
disease	NN
,	,
over-exercising	NN
or	CC
if	IN
a	DT
patient	NN
has	VBZ
had	VBN
a	DT
heart	NN
attack	NN
,	,
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
enzymes	NNS
that	WDT
might	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
elevated	VBN
.	.
Thyroid	JJ
function	NN
tests	NNS
-	:
This	DT
is	VBZ
an	DT
important	JJ
test	NN
to	TO
be	VB
done	VBN
initially	RB
to	TO
rule	VB
out	RP
any	DT
possible	JJ
problems	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
thyroid	JJ
.	.
This	DT
can	MD
also	RB
be	VB
an	DT
important	JJ
test	NN
for	IN
a	DT
person	NN
in	IN
recovery	NN
who	WP
may	MD
be	VB
having	VBG
a	DT
hard	JJ
time	NN
gaining	VBG
weight	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Anorexia\/Bulimia	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
losing	VBG
weight	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Compulsive	JJ
Overeating	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Sometimes	RB
this	DT
test	NN
may	MD
help	VB
in	IN
assisting	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
diagnosis	NN
of	IN
ADD\/ADHD	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
can	MD
play	VB
a	DT
role	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
of	IN
some	DT
individuals	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
Thyroid	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
gland	NN
that	WDT
controls	VBZ
the	DT
body	NN
's	POS
metabolism	NN
--	:
people	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
overactive	JJ
thyroid	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
hyperthyroid	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
may	MD
have	VB
a	DT
problem	NN
gaining	VBG
weight	NN
--	:
people	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
underactive	JJ
thyroid	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
hypothyroid	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
may	MD
have	VB
a	DT
problem	NN
losing	VBG
weight	NN
.	.
Complete	JJ
Urinalysis	NN
-	:
A	DT
urinalysis	NN
will	MD
help	VB
aid	NN
in	IN
the	DT
doctors	NNS
ability	NN
to	TO
accurately	RB
diagnose	VB
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
systemic	JJ
diseases	NNS
and	CC
urinary	JJ
tract	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
function	NN
of	IN
the	DT
kidneys	NNS
,	,
urine	NN
sugar	NN
and	CC
ketone	NN
levels	NNS
.	.
Blood	NNP
pressure	NN
reading	NN
-	:
for	IN
very	RB
low	JJ
blood	NN
pressure	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
very	RB
high	JJ
blood	NN
pressure	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
important	JJ
for	IN
your	PRP$
doctor	NN
to	TO
check	VB
your	PRP$
pressure	NN
three	CD
different	JJ
ways	NNS
--	:
first	JJ
laying	VBG
down	RB
,	,
then	RB
sitting	VBG
and	CC
then	RB
standing	NN
--	:
to	TO
check	VB
your	PRP$
orthostatic	JJ
blood	NN
pressure	NN
.	.
Bone	NN
density	NN
test	NN
-	:
for	IN
any	DT
bone	NN
loss	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
osteopenia	NN
or	CC
osteoporosis	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
caused	VBN
by	IN
calcium	NN
,	,
vitamin	NN
D	NNP
and\/or	CC
magnesium	NN
deficiencies	NNS
,	,
and\/or	CC
hormonal	JJ
imbalances	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Amenorrhea	NN
,	,
loss	NN
of	IN
the	DT
menstrual	JJ
cycle	NN
in	IN
women	NNS
,	,
can	MD
increase	VB
the	DT
risks	NNS
of	IN
developing	VBG
osteoporosis	NN
at	IN
an	DT
early	JJ
age	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Infertility	NN
Testing	NNP
-	:
Because	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
problems	NNS
with	IN
fetal	JJ
development	NN
,	,
high-risk	JJ
pregnancies	NNS
and	CC
birth	NN
defects	NNS
,	,
any	DT
patient	JJ
wishing	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
pregnant	JJ
should	MD
be	VB
well	RB
on	IN
their	PRP$
way	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
,	,
or	CC
recovered	VBD
.	.
Fertility	NN
tests	NNS
will	MD
become	VB
necessary	JJ
if	IN
a	DT
patient	JJ
wishing	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
pregnant	JJ
is	VBZ
having	VBG
trouble	NN
doing	VBG
so	RB
.	.
This	DT
area	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
meant	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
insult	NN
to	TO
or	CC
an	DT
attack	NN
on	IN
the	DT
medical	JJ
community	NN
...	:
it	PRP
is	VBZ
meant	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
place	NN
for	IN
doctors	NNS
and	CC
therapists	NNS
to	TO
come	VB
and	CC
to	TO
see	VB
what	WP
scares	VBZ
sufferers	NNS
most	RBS
about	RB
reaching	VBG
out	RP
for	IN
help	NN
.	.
The	DT
tips	NNS
that	WDT
appear	VBP
below	IN
are	VBP
things	NNS
to	TO
think	VB
about	IN
when	WRB
facing	VBG
the	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
having	VBG
one	CD
of	IN
your	PRP$
patients	NNS
approach	VBP
you	PRP
and	CC
say	VB
``	``
I	PRP
think	VBP
I	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
''	''
The	DT
list	NN
was	VBD
compiled	VBN
from	IN
thousands	NNS
of	IN
e-mails	NNS
we	PRP
've	VBP
received	VBN
,	,
where	WRB
sufferers	NNS
have	VBP
shared	VBN
their	PRP$
experiences	NNS
and	CC
fears	NNS
with	IN
me	PRP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
suffer	VBP
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
and	CC
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
share	VB
your	PRP$
own	JJ
experience	NN
,	,
feel	VBP
free	JJ
to	TO
send	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
us	PRP
.	.
Weight	NNP
really	RB
has	VBZ
nothing	NN
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
determining	VBG
if	IN
someone	NN
has	VBZ
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
does	VBZ
not	RB
indicate	VB
how	WRB
much	JJ
danger	NN
they	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
in	IN
.	.
Behaviors	NNS
,	,
self-esteem	NN
,	,
psychological	JJ
and	CC
physical	JJ
health	NN
determine	VB
if	IN
someone	NN
suffers	VBZ
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
Doctor	NNP
you	PRP
are	VBP
there	RB
to	TO
help	VB
your	PRP$
patients	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
should	MD
validate	VB
your	PRP$
patient	NN
's	POS
feelings	NNS
and	CC
symptoms	NNS
and	CC
try	VB
to	TO
explain	VB
things	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
compassionate	JJ
way	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
knowledgeable	JJ
in	IN
an	DT
area	NN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
your	PRP$
responsibility	NN
to	TO
refer	VB
the	DT
patient	NN
to	TO
a	DT
physician	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
.	.
Everyone	NN
should	MD
take	VB
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
seriously	RB
.	.
Of	IN
all	DT
psychological	JJ
illnesses	NNS
they	PRP
pose	VBP
the	DT
greatest	JJS
risk	NN
of	IN
death	NN
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
``	``
diets	NNS
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
''	''
as	IN
previously	RB
thought	VBN
in	IN
past	JJ
generations	NNS
,	,
but	CC
complex	JJ
emotional	JJ
and	CC
psychological	JJ
disorders	NNS
where	WRB
sufferers	NNS
use	VBP
the	DT
behaviors	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
and	CC
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
.	.
I	PRP
mention	VBP
this	DT
based	VBN
on	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
experience	NN
...	:
Last	JJ
year	NN
I	PRP
requested	VBD
my	PRP$
doctor	NN
do	VB
a	DT
bone	NN
density	NN
test	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
my	PRP$
charts	NNS
clearly	RB
indicates	VBZ
my	PRP$
history	NN
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
also	RB
verbally	RB
reminded	VBD
him	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
He	PRP
told	VBD
me	PRP
I	PRP
was	VBD
too	RB
young	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
argue	VB
with	IN
him	PRP
for	IN
five	CD
minutes	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
him	PRP
to	TO
write	VB
the	DT
referral	NN
.	.
The	DT
result	NN
came	VBD
back	RB
the	DT
I	PRP
indeed	RB
have	VBP
low	JJ
bone	NN
mass.	NN
Doctors	NNS
and	CC
therapists	NNS
should	MD
discuss	VB
with	IN
patients	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
whether	IN
under	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
18	CD
or	CC
not	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
their	PRP$
respect	NN
for	IN
privacy	NN
and	CC
confidentiality	NN
,	,
and	CC
should	MD
never	RB
make	VB
an	DT
attempt	NN
to	TO
violate	VB
it	PRP
without	IN
talking	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
patient	NN
first	RB
and	CC
giving	VBG
clear	JJ
reasons	NNS
why	WRB
-LRB-	-LRB-
except	IN
in	IN
cases	NNS
where	WRB
patients	NNS
have	VBP
become	VBN
unable	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
consent	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
All	DT
patients	NNS
have	VBP
that	DT
right	NN
and	CC
deserve	VB
that	DT
respect	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
sufferers	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
gently	RB
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
seek	VB
support	NN
amongst	IN
their	PRP$
loved-ones	NNS
,	,
but	CC
as	IN
they	PRP
reach	VBP
to	TO
you	PRP
for	IN
help	NN
,	,
as	IN
doctors	NNS
and	CC
therapists	NNS
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
respect	VB
their	PRP$
right	NN
to	TO
privacy	NN
and	CC
fear	NN
of	IN
someone	NN
finding	VBG
out	RP
if	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
ready	JJ
to	TO
reveal	VB
the	DT
information	NN
.	.
``	``
our	PRP$
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
get	VB
you	PRP
some	DT
help	NN
in	IN
coping	VBG
with	IN
your	PRP$
issues	NNS
and	CC
learning	VBG
to	TO
love	VB
yourself	PRP
,	,
the	DT
rest	NN
will	MD
fall	VB
into	IN
place	NN
.	.
''	''
Patients	NNS
suffering	VBG
will	MD
walk	VB
through	IN
your	PRP$
door	NN
already	RB
KNOWING	VBG
they	PRP
focus	VB
too	RB
much	JJ
time	NN
and	CC
energy	NN
on	IN
food	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
.	.
The	DT
need	NN
to	TO
be	VB
weighed	VBN
for	IN
obvious	JJ
reasons	NNS
,	,
but	CC
do	VBP
so	RB
``	``
blindly	RB
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
with	IN
patients	NNS
standing	VBG
backwards	RB
on	IN
the	DT
scale	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
concentrate	VB
on	IN
monitoring	VBG
their	PRP$
health	NN
as	IN
you	PRP
guide	VBP
them	PRP
to	TO
seek	VB
treatment	NN
with	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
,	,
support	NN
group	NN
,	,
12-step	JJ
program	NN
or	CC
treatment	NN
facility	NN
.	.
For	IN
those	DT
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
or	CC
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
beyond	IN
all	DT
else	RB
,	,
do	VBP
not	RB
make	VB
the	DT
mistake	NN
of	IN
letting	VBG
your	PRP$
patient	NN
think	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
attempting	VBG
to	TO
make	VB
them	PRP
fat	JJ
.	.
As	IN
sufferers	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
expect	VB
everyone	NN
to	TO
understand	VB
what	WP
we	PRP
are	VBP
going	VBG
through	IN
,	,
but	CC
we	PRP
do	VBP
expect	VB
the	DT
medical	JJ
community	NN
to	TO
be	VB
sympathetic	JJ
to	TO
what	WP
we	PRP
suffer	VBP
from	IN
.	.
As	IN
doctors	NNS
you	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
tell	VB
patients	NNS
with	IN
cancer	NN
to	TO
`	``
just	RB
get	VB
better	JJR
'	''
-	:
you	PRP
would	MD
provide	VB
them	PRP
with	IN
the	DT
necessary	JJ
tools	NNS
to	TO
works	NNS
towards	IN
achieving	VBG
recovery	NN
or	CC
remission	NN
.	.
As	IN
therapists	NNS
you	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
tell	VB
a	DT
patient	JJ
suffering	NN
clinical	JJ
depression	NN
to	TO
`	``
just	RB
cheer	VB
up	RP
'	''
-	:
you	PRP
would	MD
provide	VB
them	PRP
with	IN
skills	NNS
for	IN
coping	VBG
with	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
a	DT
safe	JJ
environment	NN
for	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
talk	VB
about	IN
it	PRP
so	IN
they	PRP
could	MD
work	VB
towards	IN
being	VBG
less	JJR
depressed	JJ
.	.
From	IN
the	DT
perspective	NN
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
sufferer	NN
,	,
this	DT
is	VBZ
all	DT
we	PRP
expect	VBP
-	:
to	TO
be	VB
given	VBN
the	DT
tools	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
help	VB
us	PRP
move	VB
towards	IN
a	DT
means	NN
of	IN
coping	VBG
with	IN
life	NN
and	CC
a	DT
healthier	RBR
lifestyle	NN
.	.
Doctors	NNS
and	CC
therapists	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
know	VB
what	WP
those	DT
tools	NNS
are	VBP
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
,	,
have	VBP
the	DT
responsibility	NN
of	IN
referring	VBG
the	DT
patient	NN
to	TO
someone	NN
who	WP
does	VBZ
.	.
Treatment	NNP
centers	VBZ
concentrate	NN
on	IN
the	DT
whole	JJ
package	NN
,	,
but	CC
should	MD
never	RB
work	VB
with	IN
``	``
punishment	NN
''	''
tactics	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
talking	VBG
about	IN
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
illness	NN
who	WP
already	RB
have	VBP
a	DT
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
.	.
Therapists	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
weigh	VB
their	PRP$
patients	NNS
,	,
but	CC
should	MD
encourage	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
monitored	VBN
by	IN
their	PRP$
physician	NN
,	,
nutritionist	NN
or	CC
dietician	NN
.	.
Increasingly	RB
men	NNS
are	VBP
coming	VBG
forward	RB
and	CC
admitting	VBG
to	TO
their	PRP$
affliction	NN
with	IN
and	CC
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Where	WRB
it	PRP
was	VBD
once	RB
thought	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
``	``
woman	NN
's	POS
illness	NN
''	''
we	PRP
now	RB
know	VBP
that	DT
just	RB
is	VBZ
n't	RB
true	JJ
.	.
Men	NN
face	NN
many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
struggles	NNS
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
,	,
in	IN
addition	NN
and	CC
in	IN
some	DT
cases	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
have	VBP
their	PRP$
own	JJ
set	NN
of	IN
specific	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
really	RB
important	JJ
that	IN
doctors	NNS
learn	VBP
to	TO
recognize	VB
the	DT
physical	JJ
signs	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
validate	VB
the	DT
emotional	JJ
turmoil	NN
.	.
Therapists	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
learn	VB
as	RB
much	JJ
as	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
about	RB
treating	VBG
the	DT
sufferers	NNS
,	,
of	IN
all	DT
shapes	NNS
,	,
sizes	NNS
,	,
gender	NN
and	CC
color	NN
.	.
With	IN
recent	JJ
awareness	NN
,	,
things	NNS
have	VBP
improved	VBN
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
as	RB
much	JJ
as	IN
they	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
.	.
All	DT
of	IN
the	DT
old	JJ
fashioned	VBN
ideas	NNS
and	CC
common	JJ
misconceptions	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
tossed	VBN
out	RP
the	DT
window	NN
to	TO
make	VB
room	NN
for	IN
the	DT
information	NN
now	RB
available	JJ
.	.
Disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
met	VBN
and	CC
have	VBP
known	VBN
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
who	WP
were	VBD
not	RB
underweight	JJ
,	,
but	CC
were	VBD
still	RB
in	IN
just	RB
as	RB
much	JJ
danger	NN
,	,
or	CC
who	WP
died	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
try	VBP
to	TO
emphasize	VB
this	DT
to	TO
the	DT
people	NNS
who	WP
write	VBP
to	TO
me	PRP
everyday	JJ
,	,
trying	VBG
to	TO
encourage	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
see	VB
their	PRP$
doctors	NNS
or	CC
turn	VB
to	TO
a	DT
therapist	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
ill-severly	JJ
anemic	JJ
due	JJ
to	TO
my	PRP$
ED	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
put	VBN
off	RP
going	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
hospital	NN
for	IN
a	DT
week	NN
,	,
and	CC
finally	RB
agreed	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
admitted	VBN
.	.
The	DT
doctor	NN
on-call	JJ
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
SHOULD	MD
have	VB
a	DT
transfusion	NN
,	,
but	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
DESERVE	VB
one	CD
,	,
because	IN
I	PRP
caused	VBD
my	PRP$
own	JJ
problem	NN
,	,
by	IN
having	VBG
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
when	WRB
people	NNS
donate	VBP
blood	NN
,	,
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
expect	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
somebody	NN
like	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
patient	NN
at	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
hospital	NN
and	CC
one	CD
of	IN
thee	JJ
nurses	NNS
was	VBD
completely	RB
intolerable	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
Your	PRP$
a	DT
guy	NN
,	,
guys	NNS
do	VBP
n't	RB
get	VB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Why	WRB
do	VBP
n't	RB
you	PRP
just	RB
go	VBP
home	NN
and	CC
work	VB
out	RP
after	IN
you	PRP
eat	VBP
and	CC
save	VBP
this	DT
program	NN
for	IN
the	DT
girls	NNS
that	WDT
really	RB
need	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
''	''
Of	IN
course	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
underweight	JJ
and	CC
purging	VBG
many	JJ
times	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
I	PRP
finally	RB
went	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
primary	JJ
care	NN
physician	NN
after	IN
being	VBG
anorexic	JJ
for	IN
over	IN
12	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
asked	VBD
him	PRP
to	TO
help	VB
me	PRP
.	.
He	PRP
laughed	VBD
and	CC
said	VBD
``	``
you	PRP
know	VBP
I	PRP
've	VBP
never	RB
seen	VBN
anyone	NN
your	PRP$
age	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
27	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
with	IN
anorexia	NN
...	:
whats	VBZ
the	DT
matter	NN
?	.
Didnt	NNP
you	PRP
get	VBP
asked	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
prom	NN
?	.
''	''
I	PRP
was	VBD
totally	RB
humiliated	JJ
and	CC
angry	JJ
yet	RB
I	PRP
just	RB
smiled	VBD
coyly	RB
and	CC
said	VBD
``	``
Why	WRB
?	.
Are	VBP
you	PRP
going	VBG
to	TO
ask	VB
me	PRP
?	.
''	''
I	PRP
refused	VBD
to	TO
ever	RB
see	VB
him	PRP
again	RB
.	.
After	IN
10	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
suffering	VBG
from	IN
severe	JJ
bulimia	NN
I	PRP
decided	VBD
to	TO
`	``
come	VB
clean	JJ
'	''
to	TO
my	PRP$
doctor	NN
about	IN
purging	VBG
after	IN
eating	VBG
anything	NN
.	.
He	PRP
said	VBD
``	``
Oh	UH
10	CD
%	NN
of	IN
females	NNS
do	VBP
that	DT
-	:
that	WDT
's	VBZ
nothing	NN
to	TO
worry	VB
about	RB
''	''
.	.
As	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
imagine	VB
this	DT
did	VBD
not	RB
enforce	VB
any	DT
respect	NN
for	IN
him	PRP
on	IN
my	PRP$
part	NN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
child	NN
,	,
six	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
,	,
my	PRP$
pediatrician	NN
would	MD
monitor	VB
my	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
He	PRP
sat	VBD
me	PRP
down	RP
and	CC
gave	VBD
me	PRP
what	WP
felt	VBD
like	IN
a	DT
``	``
talking	VBG
to	TO
''	''
about	IN
my	PRP$
controlling	VBG
my	PRP$
food	NN
intake	NN
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
absolutely	RB
humiliated	JJ
.	.
He	PRP
told	VBD
me	PRP
,	,
in	IN
a	DT
very	RB
stern	JJ
and	CC
firm	JJ
tone	NN
of	IN
voice	NN
and	CC
with	IN
thunder	NN
in	IN
his	PRP$
eyes	NNS
,	,
to	TO
simply	RB
not	RB
eat	VB
so	RB
much	RB
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
control	VB
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
!	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
staring	VBG
at	IN
my	PRP$
bare	JJ
thighs	NNS
as	IN
he	PRP
was	VBD
speaking	VBG
severely	RB
to	TO
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
thinking	VBG
myself	PRP
horribly	RB
fat	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
did	VBD
n't	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
supposed	VBN
to	TO
do	VB
this	DT
all	DT
on	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
as	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
patterns	NNS
now	RB
seemed	VBD
inextricably	RB
tied	VBN
to	TO
my	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
mother	NN
.	.
As	IN
I	PRP
look	VBP
back	RB
at	IN
photographs	NNS
of	IN
me	PRP
at	IN
that	DT
age	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
beautifully	RB
healthy	JJ
,	,
not	RB
the	DT
overweight	JJ
horror	NN
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
.	.
The	DT
problem	NN
was	VBD
much	RB
more	RBR
complex	JJ
than	IN
telling	VBG
a	DT
six-year-old	JJ
to	TO
``	``
control	VB
her	PRP$
eating	NN
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
have	VB
a	DT
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
in	IN
that	DT
I	PRP
was	VBD
comforting	JJ
myself	PRP
through	IN
unbearable	JJ
pain	NN
by	IN
eating	VBG
,	,
although	IN
at	IN
that	DT
age	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
have	VB
been	VBN
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
little	JJ
bit	NN
overweight	JJ
,	,
if	IN
that	DT
.	.
I	PRP
dreaded	VBD
pediatrician	NN
appointments	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
most	RBS
I	PRP
got	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
experience	NN
was	VBD
learning	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
afraid	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
checking	VBG
into	IN
a	DT
psych	NN
.	.
hospital	NN
after	IN
18	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
bulimia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
mentioned	VBD
my	PRP$
fear	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
might	MD
get	VB
osteoporosis	NN
to	TO
the	DT
nurse	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
interviewing	VBG
me	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
responded	VBD
by	IN
saying	VBG
,	,
``	``
Oh	UH
,	,
just	RB
drink	VBP
some	DT
milk	NN
''	''
.	.
A	DT
doctor	NN
who	WP
I	PRP
'd	MD
been	VBN
seeing	VBG
for	IN
3	CD
months	NNS
told	VBD
me	PRP
I	PRP
was	VBD
profoundly	RB
depressed	JJ
,	,
the	DT
most	RBS
depressed	JJ
person	NN
she	PRP
'd	VBD
seen	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
very	RB
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
.	.
Later	RB
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
conversation	NN
she	PRP
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
to	TO
do	VB
something	NN
about	IN
my	PRP$
appearance	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
my	PRP$
roots	NNS
needed	VBN
touching	VBG
up	RP
,	,
my	PRP$
fringe	NN
was	VBD
getting	VBG
overgrown	JJ
and	CC
she	PRP
accused	VBD
me	PRP
wearing	VBG
the	DT
same	JJ
fleece	NN
the	DT
last	JJ
two	CD
times	NNS
I	PRP
'd	MD
seen	VBN
her	PRP$
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
that	IN
no	DT
other	JJ
doctor	NN
would	MD
have	VB
tolerated	VBN
me	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
patient	NN
for	IN
this	DT
long	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
for	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
freezing	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
wearing	VBG
3	CD
layers	NNS
of	IN
clothes	NNS
to	TO
try	VB
to	TO
keep	VB
warm	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
blood	NN
pressure	NN
was	VBD
dangerously	RB
low	JJ
and	CC
my	PRP$
nurse	NN
told	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
walk	VB
laps	NNS
up	RB
and	CC
down	RB
the	DT
hall	NN
to	TO
warm	VB
up	RP
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
not	RB
eaten	VBN
anything	NN
that	WDT
day	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
ended	VBD
up	RP
passing	VBG
out	RP
.	.
I	PRP
told	VBD
an	DT
inexperienced	JJ
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
therapist	NN
of	IN
the	DT
pain	NN
I	PRP
'd	MD
been	VBN
living	VBG
through	IN
,	,
my	PRP$
years	NNS
of	IN
hidden	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
the	DT
dozens	NNS
of	IN
unsuccessful	JJ
diets	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
said	VBD
I	PRP
knew	VBD
,	,
finally	RB
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
problem	NN
would	MD
n't	RB
go	VB
away	RB
even	RB
when	WRB
the	DT
weight	NN
did	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
puddle	NN
of	IN
tears	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
replied	VBD
:	:
``	``
Would	MD
you	PRP
like	VB
me	PRP
to	TO
arrange	VB
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
get	VB
your	PRP$
stomach	NN
stapled	VBN
?	.
''	''
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
a	DT
doc	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
never	RB
seen	VBN
before	IN
because	IN
he	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
only	JJ
one	NN
who	WP
could	MD
fit	VB
me	PRP
in	IN
to	TO
his	PRP$
schedule	NN
.	.
He	PRP
walked	VBD
in	IN
and	CC
asked	VBD
me	PRP
what	WP
my	PRP$
problem	NN
was	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
told	VBD
him	PRP
I	PRP
had	VBD
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
He	PRP
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
No	DT
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
...	:
you	PRP
're	VBP
not	RB
that	IN
skinny	NN
and	CC
your	PRP$
teeth	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
yellow	JJ
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
apologized	VBD
for	IN
not	RB
being	VBG
half	JJ
dead	JJ
on	IN
his	PRP$
floor	NN
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
felt	VBD
so	RB
unworthy	JJ
in	IN
all	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
completely	RB
recovered	VBD
but	CC
recently	RB
was	VBD
experiencing	VBG
some	DT
chest	NN
pains	NNS
.	.
Due	JJ
to	TO
my	PRP$
history	NN
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
I	PRP
called	VBD
the	DT
doctor	NN
on-call	JJ
to	TO
ask	VB
him	PRP
if	IN
I	PRP
should	MD
go	VB
to	TO
the	DT
Emergency	NN
Room	NN
.	.
I	PRP
explained	VBD
to	TO
him	PRP
about	IN
the	DT
pain	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
chest	NN
and	CC
told	VBD
him	PRP
of	IN
my	PRP$
history	NN
saying	VBG
``	``
you	PRP
should	MD
know	VB
I	PRP
've	VBP
had	VBD
a	DT
history	NN
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
.	.
''	''
He	PRP
replied	VBD
after	IN
a	DT
long	JJ
pause	NN
,	,
``	``
Yeah	UH
,	,
but	CC
that	DT
has	VBZ
nothing	NN
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
your	PRP$
chest	NN
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
was	VBD
really	RB
sick	JJ
and	CC
my	PRP$
mom	NN
took	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
doctor	NN
and	CC
told	VBD
him	PRP
she	PRP
was	VBD
worried	VBN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
loosing	VBG
to	TO
much	JJ
weight	NN
and	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
eat	VB
.	.
He	PRP
pinched	VBD
my	PRP$
side	NN
and	CC
told	VBD
her	PRP
not	RB
to	TO
worry	VB
because	IN
I	PRP
still	RB
had	VBD
enough	JJ
meat	NN
on	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
finally	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
psychiatric	JJ
help	NN
,	,
and	CC
after	IN
a	DT
short	JJ
interview	NN
with	IN
the	DT
``	``
shrink	VB
''	''
he	PRP
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
he	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
think	VB
I	PRP
would	MD
recover	VB
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
would	MD
probably	RB
kill	VB
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
left	VBD
there	EX
balling	VBG
worse	JJR
off	IN
than	IN
before	RB
.	.
I	PRP
started-out	VBP
being	VBG
a	DT
compulsive	JJ
over-eater	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
first	RB
sought	VBD
help	NN
.	.
The	DT
practitioner	NN
was	VBD
such	JJ
a	DT
cruel	JJ
person	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
n't	RB
lost	VBN
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
according	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
scale	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
I	PRP
actually	RB
lost	VBD
inches	NNS
!	.
She	PRP
yelled-out	JJ
at	IN
me	PRP
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
all	DT
of	IN
her	PRP$
staff	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
patients	NNS
and	CC
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
I	PRP
give-up	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
what	WP
else	RB
to	TO
do	VB
for	IN
you	PRP
if	IN
your	PRP$
not	RB
willing	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
the	DT
will-power	NN
to	TO
stick	VB
to	TO
a	DT
simple	JJ
diet	NN
!	.
If	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
stay	VB
fat	JJ
and	CC
lazy	JJ
all	DT
your	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
that	DT
's	VBZ
up	RP
to	TO
you	PRP
!	.
!	.
I	PRP
WAS	VBD
MORTIFIED	JJ
!	.
I	PRP
tried	VBD
killing	VBG
myself	PRP
a	DT
few	JJ
times	NNS
after	IN
that	DT
and	CC
than	IN
I	PRP
discovered	VBD
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
ended	VBD
up	RP
working	VBG
for	IN
her	PRP$
after	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
lost	VBN
a	DT
whole	JJ
bunch	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
.	.
She	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
remember	VB
me	PRP
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
reminded	VBD
her	PRP
who	WP
I	PRP
was	VBD
,	,
she	PRP
tried	VBD
perading	VBG
me	PRP
around	IN
the	DT
office	NN
like	IN
her	PRP$
personal	JJ
success	NN
story	NN
.	.
After	IN
I	PRP
witnessed	VBD
her	PRP$
abusing	VBG
another	DT
patient	NN
with	IN
a	DT
weight	NN
problem	NN
,	,
I	PRP
sat	VBD
her	PRP
down	RP
in	IN
her	PRP$
office	NN
and	CC
explained	VBD
to	TO
her	PRP$
what	WP
she	PRP
did	VBD
to	TO
me	PRP
and	CC
what	WP
I	PRP
did	VBD
to	TO
myself	PRP
.	.
We	PRP
both	DT
cried	VBD
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
probably	RB
okay	JJ
now	RB
,	,
Im	NNP
still	RB
very	RB
ill	JJ
19	CD
yrs	NNS
later	RB
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
see	VB
my	PRP$
former	JJ
doctor	NN
because	IN
my	PRP$
mom	NN
had	VBD
expressed	VBN
concern	NN
about	IN
me	PRP
not	RB
eating	VBG
.	.
He	PRP
pinched	VBD
my	PRP$
side	NN
and	CC
told	VBD
my	PRP$
mother	NN
that	IN
there	EX
was	VBD
still	RB
enough	JJ
fat	NN
on	IN
me	PRP
and	CC
not	RB
to	TO
worry	VB
.	.
My	PRP$
WORST	JJ
fear	NN
was	VBD
being	VBG
realized	VBN
right	RB
there	RB
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
believed	VBD
every	DT
word	NN
.	.
The	DT
doctors	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
decided	VBD
to	TO
immediately	RB
give	VB
me	PRP
an	DT
IV	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
naso-gastric	JJ
tube	NN
system	NN
.	.
The	DT
tubes	NNS
hurt	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
going	VBG
down	RP
my	PRP$
throat	NN
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
asked	VBD
a	DT
doctor	NN
,	,
who	WP
's	VBZ
first	JJ
impression	NN
was	VBD
already	RB
very	RB
pompous	JJ
,	,
arrogant	JJ
and	CC
mean	JJ
,	,
if	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
something	NN
to	TO
ease	VB
the	DT
pain	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
throat	NN
.	.
His	PRP$
reply	NN
?	.
``	``
How	WRB
about	IN
some	DT
ice	NN
cream	NN
.	.
Oh	UH
,	,
wait	VB
,	,
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
-	:
you	PRP
're	VBP
in	IN
this	DT
situation	NN
because	IN
you	PRP
CANT	VBP
eat	VB
ice	NN
cream	NN
''	''
.	.
He	PRP
nudged	VBD
his	PRP$
coworkers	NNS
and	CC
they	PRP
started	VBD
laughing	VBG
.	.
This	DT
totally	RB
ruined	VBN
all	DT
confidence	NN
and	CC
hope	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
,	,
and	CC
led	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
recent	JJ
AMA	NNP
sign-out	NN
from	IN
this	DT
hospital	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
had	VBD
a	DT
psychiatrist	NN
and	CC
a	DT
therapist	NN
both	DT
tell	VBP
me	PRP
that	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
severe	JJ
sin	NN
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
just	RB
stop	VB
it	PRP
and	CC
start	VB
being	VBG
obedient	JJ
to	TO
God	NNP
immediately	RB
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
hell	NN
.	.
This	DT
counselor	NN
made	VBD
me	PRP
feel	VB
so	RB
guilty	JJ
and	CC
worthless	JJ
that	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
got	VBD
considerably	RB
worse	JJR
.	.
My	PRP$
daughter	NN
was	VBD
put	VBN
into	IN
a	DT
locked	VBN
ward	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
the	DT
only	JJ
ed	NN
there	RB
.	.
They	PRP
made	VBD
her	PRP$
sleep	NN
on	IN
the	DT
floor	NN
on	IN
a	DT
mattress	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
crying	VBG
and	CC
asked	VBD
for	IN
a	DT
hug	NN
from	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
nurses	NNS
because	IN
she	PRP
felt	VBD
so	RB
unloved	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
told	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
nurse	NN
that	IN
if	IN
she	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
stop	VB
crying	VBG
everyone	NN
would	MD
think	VB
she	PRP
was	VBD
psycho	NN
and	CC
they	PRP
were	VBD
not	RB
there	RB
to	TO
love	VB
her	PRP$
but	CC
to	TO
save	VB
her	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
devestated	VBN
and	CC
felt	VBN
so	RB
alone	RB
,	,
unloved	JJ
and	CC
worthless	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
and	CC
out	IN
of	IN
hospitals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
one	CD
hospital	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
hooked	VBN
up	RP
to	TO
tubes	NNS
and	CC
IVs	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
blood	NN
pressure	NN
and	CC
pulse	NN
were	VBD
low	JJ
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
potassium	NN
was	VBD
at	IN
a	DT
dangerous	JJ
level	NN
.	.
An	DT
intern	NN
came	VBD
up	RP
to	TO
me	PRP
,	,
asked	VBD
about	IN
my	PRP$
anorexia	NN
history	NN
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
said	VBD
,	,
without	IN
thinking	VBG
``	``
you	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
the	DT
worst	JJS
anorexic	JJ
I	PRP
've	VBP
ever	RB
seen	VBN
.	.
.	.
you	PRP
're	VBP
like	IN
a	DT
skeleton	NN
,	,
you	PRP
're	VBP
so	RB
lucky	JJ
to	TO
maintain	VB
such	PDT
a	DT
low	JJ
weight	NN
!	.
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
signed	VBD
myself	PRP
out	RP
AMA	NNP
.	.
A	DT
few	JJ
months	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
my	PRP$
boyfriend	NN
and	CC
best	JJS
friend	NN
finally	RB
convinced	JJ
me	PRP
to	TO
see	VB
a	DT
psychologist	NN
at	IN
our	PRP$
college	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
scared	VBN
to	TO
death	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
did	VBD
it	PRP
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
went	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
told	VBD
the	DT
psychologist	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
anorexic	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
proceeded	VBD
to	TO
tell	VB
me	PRP
that	IN
80-90	CD
%	NN
of	IN
all	DT
American	JJ
women	NNS
worried	VBN
about	IN
their	PRP$
weight	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
really	RB
look	VB
sick	JJ
or	CC
unhealthy	JJ
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
really	RB
should	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
too	RB
concerned	JJ
.	.
Her	PRP$
suggestion	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
try	VB
to	TO
eat	VB
three	CD
meals	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
She	PRP
suggested	VBD
a	DT
health	NN
food	NN
store	NN
I	PRP
might	MD
like	VB
to	TO
try	VB
since	IN
I	PRP
seemed	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
concerned	VBN
about	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
gave	VBD
me	PRP
a	DT
book	NN
about	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
to	TO
read	VB
over	IN
-	:
obviously	RB
she	PRP
'd	MD
never	RB
read	VB
it	PRP
...	:
it	PRP
dealt	VBD
mainly	RB
obsessive	JJ
overeating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
To	TO
top	VB
it	PRP
all	DT
off	RP
,	,
I	PRP
told	VBD
her	PRP
I	PRP
was	VBD
concerned	VBN
about	IN
confidentiality	NN
,	,
as	IN
far	RB
as	IN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
finding	VBG
out	RP
,	,
since	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
only	RB
17	CD
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
.	.
She	PRP
said	VBD
that	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
only	RB
obligated	VBN
to	TO
inform	VB
parents	NNS
if	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
doing	VBG
anything	NN
dangerous	JJ
to	TO
my	PRP$
health	NN
or	CC
well-being	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
seem	VB
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
Obviously	RB
she	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
realize	VB
I	PRP
was	VBD
eating	VBG
a	DT
few	JJ
crackers	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
at	IN
that	DT
time	NN
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
intake	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
doctor	NN
.	.
This	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
signed	VBN
myself	PRP
in	IN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
stepped	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
scale	NN
he	PRP
wrote	VBD
down	RP
the	DT
number	NN
,	,
had	VBD
me	PRP
get	VB
off	RP
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
re-weighed	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
After	IN
recording	VBG
the	DT
number	NN
he	PRP
turned	VBD
to	TO
me	PRP
and	CC
said	VBD
``	``
You	PRP
really	RB
screwed	VBD
up	RP
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
did	VBD
n't	RB
you	PRP
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
doctor	NN
to	TO
get	VB
some	DT
blood	NN
work	NN
done	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
fainting	VBG
and	CC
having	VBG
very	RB
bad	JJ
leg	NN
cramps	NNS
.	.
After	IN
drawing	VBG
the	DT
blood	NN
,	,
he	PRP
says	VBZ
,	,
``	``
You	PRP
are	VBP
n't	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
\*	SYM
unrealistically	RB
low	JJ
weight	NN
here	RB
\*	SYM
-RRB-	-RRB-
pounds	NNS
or	CC
anything	NN
,	,
so	RB
you	PRP
are	VBP
n't	RB
anorexic	JJ
,	,
do	VBP
n't	RB
worry	VB
about	IN
it	PRP
!	.
''	''
I	PRP
walked	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
his	PRP$
office	NN
in	IN
tears	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
pediatrician	NN
told	VBD
me	PRP
,	,
when	WRB
my	PRP$
mother	NN
timidly	RB
told	VBD
him	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
diagnosed	VBN
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
by	IN
a	DT
psychologist	NN
,	,
and	CC
totally	RB
ignoring	VBG
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
lost	VBN
about	RB
too	RB
much	JJ
weight	NN
since	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
in	IN
there	RB
,	,
told	VBD
my	PRP$
mother	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
just	RB
fine	JJ
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
really	RB
had	VBD
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
weigh	VB
way	NN
less	RBR
.	.
Upon	IN
telling	VBG
my	PRP$
psychiatrist	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
started	VBD
an	DT
outpatient	NN
program	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
bingeing	NN
,	,
restricting	VBG
,	,
using	VBG
laxatives	NNS
,	,
abusing	VBG
caffeine	NN
and	CC
diuretics	NNS
,	,
and	CC
so	RB
depressed	JJ
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
get	VB
out	IN
of	IN
bed	NN
in	IN
the	DT
morning	NN
,	,
she	PRP
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
You	PRP
're	VBP
a	DT
smart	JJ
girl	NN
.	.
Why	WRB
do	VBP
n't	RB
you	PRP
just	RB
stop	VB
doing	VBG
this	DT
and	CC
get	VB
on	IN
with	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
?	.
''	''
I	PRP
was	VBD
told	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
nurse	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
on	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
unit	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
my	PRP$
ideal	JJ
weight	NN
was	VBD
something	NN
much	RB
less	JJR
than	IN
normal	JJ
.	.
By	IN
a	DT
psychiatrist	NN
,	,
i	FW
was	VBD
told	VBN
that	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
comfortable	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
ward	NN
,	,
because	IN
those	DT
girls	NNS
are	VBP
always	RB
underweight	JJ
.	.
By	IN
a	DT
doctor	NN
on	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
program	NN
,	,
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
Do	VBP
n't	RB
worry	VB
we	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
let	VB
you	PRP
go	VB
above	IN
a	DT
certain	JJ
weight	NN
,	,
our	PRP$
goal	NN
is	VBZ
n't	RB
to	TO
turn	VB
out	RP
blimps	NNS
here	RB
''	''
.	.
And	CC
my	PRP$
personal	JJ
favorite	NN
,	,
despite	IN
having	VBG
starved	VBN
myself	PRP
for	IN
three	CD
months	NNS
,	,
having	VBG
gone	VBN
10	CD
days	NNS
without	IN
food	NN
and	CC
three	CD
without	IN
water	NN
,	,
having	VBG
lost	VBN
my	PRP$
period	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
told	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
doctor	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
thin	JJ
enough	RB
to	TO
be	VB
anorexic	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
for	IN
treatment	NN
of	IN
`	``
severe	JJ
bulimia	NN
'	''
and	CC
had	VBD
to	TO
have	VB
all	DT
those	DT
medicaltests	NNS
done	VBN
on	IN
me	PRP
.	.
When	WRB
it	PRP
came	VBD
time	NN
for	IN
blood	NN
to	TO
be	VB
drawn	VBN
,	,
I	PRP
opted	VBD
for	IN
it	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
my	PRP$
room	NN
instead	RB
of	IN
the	DT
nurse	NN
's	POS
station	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
cry	VBP
when	WRB
I	PRP
get	VBP
poked	VBN
with	IN
needles	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
humiliate	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
This	DT
huge	JJ
,	,
unsympathetic	JJ
phlebotomist	NN
waddles	VBZ
into	IN
my	PRP$
room	NN
and	CC
sits	VBZ
me	PRP
down	RP
at	IN
my	PRP$
desk	NN
in	IN
there	RB
.	.
He	PRP
tied	VBD
the	DT
elastic	JJ
so	RB
tightly	RB
that	IN
my	PRP$
fingers	NNS
were	VBD
blue	JJ
from	IN
my	PRP$
knuckles	NNS
all	PDT
the	DT
way	NN
to	TO
my	PRP$
nails	NNS
and	CC
then	RB
he	PRP
jammed	VBD
a	DT
butterfly	NN
needle	NN
into	IN
my	PRP$
vein	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
okay	JJ
ith	NN
big	JJ
needles	NNS
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
longer	RBR
a	DT
needle	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
me	PRP
the	DT
worse	JJR
I	PRP
feel	VBP
.	.
After	IN
the	DT
firstof	JJ
three	CD
tubes	NNS
I	PRP
had	VBD
started	VBN
crying	VBG
,	,
and	CC
he	PRP
just	RB
looked	VBD
at	IN
me	PRP
and	CC
rolled	VBD
his	PRP$
eyes	NNS
at	IN
me	PRP
.	.
``	``
Loook	SYM
-	:
be	VB
a	DT
BIG	NNP
GIRL	NNP
,	,
okay	JJ
?	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
be	VB
such	JJ
a	DT
baby	NN
.	.
''	''
By	IN
time	NN
the	DT
third	JJ
tube	NN
was	VBD
being	VBG
filled	VBN
I	PRP
was	VBD
sliding	VBG
out	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
chair	NN
and	CC
halfway	NN
to	TO
the	DT
floor	NN
,	,
too	RB
weak	JJ
to	TO
cry	VB
or	CC
even	RB
to	TO
hyperventilate	VB
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
he	PRP
removed	VBD
the	DT
needle	NN
,	,
looked	VBD
me	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
eyes	NNS
and	CC
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
Do	VBP
n't	RB
ever	RB
have	VB
children	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
'd	MD
never	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
handle	VB
the	DT
pain	NN
.	.
''	''
He	PRP
got	VBD
up	RB
and	CC
walked	VBD
away	RB
and	CC
I	PRP
fell	VBD
onto	IN
my	PRP$
roommate	NN
's	POS
bed	NN
and	CC
passed	VBD
out	RP
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
first	RB
came	VBD
out	RP
in	IN
the	DT
open	JJ
about	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
to	TO
a	DT
teacher	NN
at	IN
my	PRP$
school	NN
and	CC
she	PRP
helped	VBD
tell	VB
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
me	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
doctor	NN
's	POS
and	CC
into	IN
therapy	NN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
4	CD
'	''
8	CD
''	''
,	,
at	IN
16	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
...	:
Obviously	RB
my	PRP$
height	NN
was	VBD
n't	RB
normal	JJ
though	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
was	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
doctor	NN
and	CC
before	IN
saying	VBG
anything	NN
else	RB
to	TO
me	PRP
or	CC
before	IN
listening	VBG
to	TO
what	WP
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
say	VB
she	PRP
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
see	VB
how	WRB
you	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
anorexic	JJ
,	,
you	PRP
gained	VBD
weight	NN
since	IN
last	JJ
year	NN
!	.
!	.
!	.
''	''
My	PRP$
mother	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
both	DT
went	VBD
for	IN
check-ups	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
extremely	RB
underweight	JJ
,	,
had	VBD
n't	RB
menstruated	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
year	NN
,	,
and	CC
was	VBD
pretty	RB
much	RB
at	IN
the	DT
brink	NN
of	IN
death	NN
.	.
I	PRP
stood	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
counter	NN
as	IN
the	DT
nurse	NN
chatted	VBD
with	IN
my	PRP$
mother	NN
on	IN
the	DT
latest	JJS
gossip	NN
and	CC
filled	VBD
her	PRP$
prescription	NN
of	IN
antibiotics	NNS
.	.
Only	RB
just	RB
as	IN
we	PRP
were	VBD
walking	VBG
out	RP
the	DT
door	NN
,	,
she	PRP
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
And	CC
you	PRP
...	:
need	VB
to	TO
eat	VB
more	JJR
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
kept	VBD
losing	VBG
weight	NN
,	,
kept	VBD
going	VBG
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
office	NN
,	,
but	CC
that	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
last	JJ
``	``
advice	NN
''	''
I	PRP
was	VBD
given	VBN
.	.
So	RB
,	,
I	PRP
guess	VBP
it	PRP
was	VBD
more	RBR
about	IN
what	WP
she	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
say	VB
.	.
The	DT
doctor	NN
was	VBD
worse	JJR
.	.
When	WRB
my	PRP$
mother	NN
asked	VBD
if	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
a	DT
problem	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
,	,
he	PRP
shrugged	VBD
,	,
``	``
Nahh	NNP
...	:
she	PRP
could	MD
lose	VB
a	DT
few	JJ
more	JJR
pounds	NNS
.	.
''	''
During	IN
the	DT
Easter	NNP
season	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
having	VBG
some	DT
family	NN
difficulties	NNS
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
withdrawal	NN
symptoms	NNS
from	IN
some	DT
pain	NN
medication	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
taking	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
stressed	VBN
and	CC
jittery	JJ
and	CC
decided	VBD
to	TO
binge	NN
on	IN
my	PRP$
daughter	NN
's	POS
entire	JJ
Easter	NNP
basket	NN
of	IN
goodies	NNS
.	.
Now	RB
feeling	NN
stressed	VBD
,	,
jittery	JJ
,	,
AND	CC
nauseated	JJ
from	IN
my	PRP$
binge	NN
,	,
I	PRP
telephone	VBP
my	PRP$
physician	NN
's	POS
office	NN
to	TO
ask	VB
for	IN
help	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
explaining	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
nurse	NN
the	DT
reason	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
call	NN
,	,
she	PRP
giggled	VBD
,	,
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
Oh	UH
my	PRP$
God	NNP
,	,
you	PRP
ate	VBD
a	DT
WHOLE	NNP
Easter	NNP
basket	NN
of	IN
candy	NN
?	.
''	''
After	IN
conferring	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
doctor	NN
,	,
she	PRP
came	VBD
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
phone	NN
and	CC
informed	VBN
me	PRP
that	IN
the	DT
doctor	NN
would	MD
be	VB
calling	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
pain	NN
medication	NN
to	TO
the	DT
pharmacy	NN
and	CC
jokingly	RB
informed	VBN
me	PRP
that	IN
while	IN
at	IN
the	DT
pharmacy	NN
I	PRP
should	MD
pick	VB
up	RP
a	DT
new	JJ
Easter	NNP
basket	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
little	JJ
girl	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
never	RB
felt	VBN
so	RB
misunderstood	VBN
and	CC
humiliated	VBN
.	.
As	IN
any	DT
COE	NNP
knows	VBZ
,	,
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
alot	NN
of	IN
courage	NN
to	TO
even	RB
admit	VB
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
problem	NN
,	,
let	VB
alone	RB
discuss	VB
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
opened	VBN
up	RP
thinking	VBG
I	PRP
would	MD
get	VB
help	VB
,	,
but	CC
instead	RB
,	,
was	VBD
not	RB
taken	VBN
the	DT
least	JJS
bit	NN
seriously	RB
.	.
I	PRP
fantasized	VBD
one	CD
day	NN
about	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
without	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
So	RB
,	,
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
therapist	NN
begging	VBG
her	PRP$
for	IN
help	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
rare	JJ
persons	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
trust	VBP
.	.
``	``
Please	VB
work	NN
with	IN
me	PRP
on	IN
that	DT
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
see	VB
a	DT
dietician	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
all	PDT
the	DT
numbers	NNS
that	IN
she	PRP
's	VBZ
going	VBG
to	TO
give	VB
me	PRP
.	.
Work	NN
with	IN
me	PRP
on	IN
that	DT
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
it	PRP
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
set	VBP
my	PRP$
mind	NN
to	TO
something	NN
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
WILL	MD
do	VB
it	PRP
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
,	,
fearfully	RB
nibbling	VBG
at	IN
my	PRP$
assigned	VBN
meal	NN
,	,
practically	RB
crying	VBG
because	IN
I	PRP
just	RB
KNEW	VBP
I	PRP
was	VBD
gaining	VBG
weight	NN
,	,
when	WRB
the	DT
nurse	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
assigned	VBN
to	TO
sit	VB
with	IN
me	PRP
asked	VBD
me	PRP
how	WRB
much	JJ
weight	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
lost	VBN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
told	VBD
her	PRP
,	,
she	PRP
responded	VBD
``	``
God	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
wish	VBP
I	PRP
could	MD
loose	VB
that	IN
!	.
You	PRP
're	VBP
so	RB
attractive	JJ
too	RB
!	.
''	''
``	``
You	PRP
have	VBP
just	RB
gotten	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
`	``
sick	JJ
role	NN
'	''
.	.
You	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
stop	VB
focusing	VBG
on	IN
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
quit	VB
seeing	VBG
your	PRP$
nutritionist	NN
so	RB
often	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
every	DT
week	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
focus	VB
on	IN
other	JJ
achievable	JJ
goals	NNS
.	.
''	''
She	PRP
then	RB
proceeded	VBD
to	TO
tell	VB
me	PRP
that	IN
based	VBN
on	IN
my	PRP$
history	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
of	IN
severe	JJ
child	NN
abuse	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	IN
I	PRP
should	MD
n't	RB
expect	VB
too	RB
much	JJ
of	IN
myself	PRP
or	CC
out	IN
of	IN
life	NN
.	.
Then	RB
he	PRP
proceeded	VBD
to	TO
berate	VB
me	PRP
up	IN
one	CD
side	NN
and	CC
down	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
telling	VBG
me	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
never	RB
get	VB
better	JJR
and	CC
how	WRB
much	JJ
of	IN
a	DT
fuck	NN
up	RB
--	:
yes	RB
he	PRP
DID	VBD
use	NN
that	IN
term	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
.	.
It	PRP
makes	VBZ
me	PRP
think	VB
that	IN
nobody	NN
in	IN
the	DT
psychiatric	JJ
business	NN
cares	VBZ
about	IN
anything	NN
but	CC
their	PRP$
checkbooks	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
finally	RB
got	VBD
up	RP
the	DT
courage	NN
to	TO
mention	VB
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
to	TO
my	PRP$
doctor	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
terrified	VBN
.	.
My	PRP$
husband	NN
did	VBD
n't	RB
believe	VB
me	PRP
and	CC
said	VBD
he	PRP
'd	MD
only	RB
believe	VB
an	DT
MD	NNP
and	CC
not	RB
my	PRP$
therapist	NN
,	,
who	WP
did	VBD
diagnose	VB
Anorexia	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
having	VBG
stomach	NN
problems	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
battled	VBN
with	IN
an	DT
ED	VBN
to	TO
some	DT
degree	NN
since	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
young	JJ
child	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
unfortunately	RB
,	,
at	IN
present	JJ
I	PRP
am	VBP
still	RB
very	RB
much	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
battle	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
described	VBD
my	PRP$
digestive	JJ
problem	NN
to	TO
the	DT
doctor	NN
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
clinic	NN
,	,
he	PRP
responded	VBD
,	,
`	``
You	PRP
're	VBP
not	RB
one	CD
of	IN
those	DT
anorexic	JJ
or	CC
bulimic	JJ
wackos	NNS
are	VBP
you	PRP
?	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
trust	VB
my	PRP$
counsellor	NN
and	CC
open	VB
up	RP
to	TO
her	PRP
,	,
one	CD
day	NN
I	PRP
walked	VBD
into	IN
her	PRP$
office	NN
seeking	VBG
-	:
I	PRP
mean	VBP
really	RB
seeking	VBG
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
also	RB
say	VB
desperately	RB
begging	VBG
for	IN
-	:
her	PRP$
help	NN
.	.
She	PRP
looked	VBD
at	IN
me	PRP
,	,
frowned	VBD
and	CC
ferociously	RB
came	VBD
out	RP
with	IN
these	DT
`	``
biblical	JJ
words	NNS
'	POS
:	:
``	``
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
have	VB
practical	JJ
help	NN
?	.
Is	VBZ
that	IN
what	WP
you	PRP
're	VBP
asking	VBG
me	PRP
for	IN
?	.
Well	RB
,	,
then	RB
start	VB
having	VBG
three	CD
meals	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
!	.
''	''
She	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
understand	VB
that	IN
that	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
goal	NN
not	RB
the	DT
source	NN
.	.
As	IN
the	DT
office	NN
nurse	NN
got	VBD
my	PRP$
weight	NN
,	,
she	PRP
says	VBZ
``	``
Oh	UH
,	,
is	VBZ
that	IN
all	DT
?	.
''	''
I	PRP
had	VBD
put	VBN
on	IN
some	DT
weight	NN
since	IN
my	PRP$
last	JJ
visit	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
very	RB
upset	JJ
about	IN
it	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
even	RB
know	VB
why	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
doctor	NN
's	POS
office	NN
in	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
place	NN
.	.
How	WRB
sad	JJ
that	IN
she	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
realize	VB
how	WRB
insensitive	JJ
her	PRP$
comment	NN
was	VBD
and	CC
how	WRB
determined	VBN
it	PRP
makes	VBZ
me	PRP
to	TO
lose	VB
more	JJR
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
mentioned	VBD
to	TO
a	DT
Doctor	NN
on	IN
campus	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
having	VBG
to	TO
take	VB
laxatives	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
He	PRP
never	RB
asked	VBD
to	TO
what	WP
extent	NN
.	.
He	PRP
told	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
eat	VB
fruit	NN
more	RBR
often	RB
.	.
At	IN
this	DT
point	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
taking	VBG
a	DT
box	NN
of	IN
laxatives	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
What	WP
would	MD
have	VB
helped	VBN
me	PRP
get	VB
better	JJR
?	.
A	DT
change	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
doctor	NN
's	POS
attitude	NN
.	.
Instead	RB
of	IN
telling	VBG
me	PRP
how	WRB
gross	JJ
I	PRP
looked	VBD
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
die	VB
,	,
and	CC
generally	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
myself	PRP
to	TO
hate	VB
myself	PRP
enough	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
'd	MD
want	VB
to	TO
change	VB
,	,
he	PRP
should	MD
have	VB
said	VBD
things	NNS
like	IN
,	,
`	``
You	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
positivie	NN
qualities	NNS
to	TO
share	VB
with	IN
the	DT
world	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
continue	VBP
down	RP
this	DT
path	NN
,	,
you	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
achieve	VB
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
hopes	NNS
,	,
goals	NNS
and	CC
dreams	VBZ
that	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
for	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
'	''
That	DT
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
referring	VBG
me	PRP
for	IN
psychological	JJ
help	NN
earlier	JJR
than	IN
5	CD
months	NNS
into	IN
my	PRP$
bout	NN
with	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
would	MD
have	VB
helped	VBN
a	DT
lot	NN
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
emergency	NN
room	NN
one	CD
night	NN
for	IN
rectal	JJ
bleeding	NN
...	:
told	VBD
them	PRP
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
history	NN
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
was	VBD
in	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
finally	RB
saw	VBD
a	DT
doctor	NN
I	PRP
told	VBD
her	PRP
the	DT
same	JJ
thing	NN
.	.
She	PRP
asked	VBD
,	,
``	``
are	VBP
you	PRP
constipated	VBN
''	''
and	CC
I	PRP
told	VBD
her	PRP
I	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
given	VBN
a	DT
prescription	NN
for	IN
laxatives	NNS
and	CC
sent	VBN
on	IN
my	PRP$
way	NN
.	.
``	``
How	WRB
on	IN
earth	NN
do	VBP
you	PRP
know	VB
so	RB
much	JJ
about	IN
eating	VBG
healthy	JJ
foods	NNS
?	.
I	PRP
wish	VBP
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
the	DT
discipline	NN
you	PRP
have	VBP
!	.
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
this	DT
was	VBD
from	IN
a	DT
home	NN
health	NN
care	NN
worker	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
staying	VBG
with	IN
a	DT
patient	NN
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
she	PRP
was	VBD
medically	RB
stable	JJ
while	IN
her	PRP$
parents	NNS
were	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
country	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
``	``
Oh	UH
!	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
your	PRP$
height	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
?	.
WELL	RB
,	,
I	PRP
worked	VBD
with	IN
a	DT
girl	NN
who	WP
weighed	VBD
only	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
\*	SYM
insert	NN
abnormally	RB
low	JJ
weight	NN
here	RB
\*	SYM
-RRB-	-RRB-
pounds	NNS
and	CC
one	CD
day	NN
we	PRP
managed	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
her	PRP$
to	TO
eat	VB
1\/2	CD
a	DT
doughnut	NN
and	CC
then	RB
she	PRP
disappeared	VBD
.	.
We	PRP
found	VBD
her	PRP
running	VBG
laps	NNS
around	IN
a	DT
track	NN
to	TO
try	VB
and	CC
burn	VB
off	RP
the	DT
calories	NNS
.	.
Now	RB
SHE	NNP
was	VBD
anorexic	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
sound	VB
bad	JJ
at	IN
all	DT
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
just	RB
a	DT
little	JJ
underweight	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
worry	VB
about	IN
it	PRP
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
doctor	NN
to	TO
see	VB
the	DT
extent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
damage	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
doing	VBG
on	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
a	DT
first	JJ
step	NN
in	IN
admiting	VBG
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
problem	NN
.	.
He	PRP
drew	VBD
blood	NN
and	CC
then	RB
proceeded	VBD
to	TO
tell	VB
me	PRP
my	PRP$
cholesterol	NN
was	VBD
too	RB
high	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
should	MD
``	``
eat	VB
less	JJR
fat	JJ
and	CC
exercise	VB
more	JJR
regularly	RB
.	.
'	''
I	PRP
had	VBD
just	RB
explained	VBN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
eating	VBG
2	CD
fat	JJ
grams	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
,	,
puking	VBG
up	RP
those	DT
,	,
and	CC
compulsively	RB
exercising	VBG
.	.
Once	RB
a	DT
Doctor	NNP
came	VBD
into	IN
my	PRP$
Hospital	NN
Bedroom	NN
,	,
where	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
connected	VBN
to	TO
every	DT
tube	NN
you	PRP
can	MD
imagine	VB
,	,
was	VBD
extremely	RB
underweight	JJ
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
blood	NN
pressure	NN
was	VBD
very	RB
low	JJ
...	:
the	DT
only	JJ
comment	NN
he	PRP
had	VBD
was	VBD
,	,
``	``
Why	WRB
do	VBP
n't	RB
you	PRP
eat	VBP
a	DT
steak	NN
,	,
and	CC
get	VB
out	IN
of	IN
here	RB
...	:
after	IN
all	DT
we	PRP
have	VBP
better	JJR
things	NNS
to	TO
do	VB
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
seeing	VBG
my	PRP$
therapist	NN
for	IN
about	IN
a	DT
year	NN
to	TO
get	VB
help	VB
with	IN
my	PRP$
depression	NN
.	.
Six	CD
months	NNS
ago	IN
I	PRP
started	VBD
telling	VBG
her	PRP$
about	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
has	VBZ
gotten	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
point	NN
where	WRB
all	DT
I	PRP
talk	VBP
about	IN
for	IN
an	DT
hour	NN
and	CC
fifteen	CD
minutes	NNS
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
ed	JJ
and	CC
how	WRB
severe	JJ
it	PRP
has	VBZ
gotten	VBN
.	.
Today	NN
my	PRP$
therapist	NN
looked	VBD
me	PRP
straight	RB
in	IN
the	DT
eye	NN
and	CC
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
Lauri	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
think	VBP
you	PRP
might	MD
have	VB
a	DT
little	JJ
problem	NN
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
could	MD
have	VB
done	VBN
alot	RB
to	TO
prevent	VB
and	CC
help	VB
me	PRP
get	VB
the	DT
help	NN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
told	VBN
repeatedly	RB
by	IN
my	PRP$
step-mother	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
fat	JJ
,	,
ugly	JJ
and	CC
stupid	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
father	NN
said	VBD
nothing	NN
nor	CC
did	VBD
he	PRP
stop	VB
my	PRP$
step-mother	NN
's	POS
ridicule	NN
and	CC
put	VB
down	RB
of	IN
me	PRP
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
my	PRP$
step-mother	NN
told	VBD
me	PRP
how	WRB
much	RB
better	JJR
I	PRP
looked	VBD
and	CC
that	DT
was	VBD
why	WRB
I	PRP
finally	RB
had	VBD
a	DT
boyfriend	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
sixteen	CD
and	CC
far	RB
from	IN
being	VBG
overweight	JJ
.	.
``	``
There	EX
was	VBD
physical	JJ
and	CC
emotional	JJ
abuse	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
which	WDT
also	RB
contributed	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
When	WRB
concerned	VBN
friends	NNS
went	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
school	NN
counselor	NN
,	,
the	DT
counselor	NN
called	VBN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
and	CC
told	VBD
them	PRP
I	PRP
was	VBD
starving	VBG
myself	PRP
.	.
Their	PRP$
response	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
threaten	VB
me	PRP
with	IN
shock	NN
treatment	NN
to	TO
control	VB
my	PRP$
behavior	NN
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
very	RB
unattractive	JJ
child	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
reminded	VBN
about	IN
it	PRP
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
.	.
I	PRP
found	VBD
much	JJ
pleasure	NN
in	IN
eating	NN
.	.
It	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
feel	VB
good	JJ
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
became	VBD
an	DT
adolescent	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
started	VBD
gaining	VBG
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
heard	VBD
the	DT
comments	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
giggles	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
one	CD
girl	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
left	VBN
standing	NN
at	IN
dances	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
one	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
bypassed	VBN
for	IN
teams	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
I	PRP
think	VBP
what	WP
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
done	VBN
,	,
was	VBD
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
college	NN
and	CC
get	VB
a	DT
career	NN
before	IN
I	PRP
got	VBD
married	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
very	RB
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
married	VBD
the	DT
firs	NNS
``	``
love	NN
''	''
I	PRP
had	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
that	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
marry	VB
him	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
never	RB
again	RB
find	VB
someone	NN
who	WP
would	MD
be	VB
interested	JJ
in	IN
me	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
seemed	VBD
like	IN
my	PRP$
only	JJ
chance	NN
at	IN
a	DT
husband	NN
.	.
I	PRP
really	RB
feel	VBP
that	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
gone	VBN
to	TO
college	NN
instead	RB
,	,
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
developed	VBN
the	DT
self-esteem	NN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
realized	VBN
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
be	VB
dependent	JJ
on	IN
a	DT
man	NN
to	TO
make	VB
me	PRP
happy	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
've	VB
experienced	VBN
life	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
For	IN
as	RB
long	JJ
as	IN
I	PRP
've	VBP
known	VBN
them	PRP
,	,
they	PRP
have	VBP
never	RB
gotten	VBN
along	IN
.	.
They	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
thinking	VBG
about	IN
divorcing	VBG
all	DT
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
So	IN
I	PRP
've	VBP
never	RB
actually	RB
seen	VBN
love	NN
between	IN
them	PRP
,	,
and	CC
so	IN
I	PRP
guess	VBP
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
really	RB
know	VB
what	WP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
like	IN
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
a	DT
loving	JJ
relationship	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
they	PRP
stayed	VBD
together	RB
all	PDT
this	DT
time	NN
because	IN
of	IN
me	PRP
.	.
Which	WDT
was	VBD
ultimately	RB
not	RB
beneficial	JJ
.	.
``	``
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
dad	NN
works	VBZ
a	DT
full	JJ
time	NN
job	NN
.	.
I	PRP
only	RB
see	VBP
him	PRP
a	DT
couple	NN
of	IN
hours	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
evening	NN
and	CC
on	IN
the	DT
weekends	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
mom	NN
also	RB
works	VBZ
full	JJ
time	NN
.	.
And	CC
my	PRP$
sisters	NNS
have	VBP
moved	VBN
out	RP
.	.
So	IN
I	PRP
guess	VBP
I	PRP
was	VBD
feeling	VBG
left	VBN
out	RP
and	CC
alone	RB
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
person	NN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
really	RB
close	JJ
to	TO
in	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
mother	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
dad	NN
has	VBZ
only	RB
recently	RB
tried	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
close	RB
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
But	CC
it	PRP
just	RB
feels	VBZ
too	RB
late	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
dad	NN
is	VBZ
like	IN
a	DT
stranger	NN
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
``	``
Maybe	RB
if	IN
my	PRP$
mother	NN
did	VBD
n't	RB
drag	VB
me	PRP
off	IN
to	TO
weight	VB
loss	NN
clinics	NNS
left	VBD
and	CC
right	RB
as	IN
a	DT
child	NN
...	:
and	CC
maybe	RB
if	IN
my	PRP$
daddy	NN
did	VBD
n't	RB
tell	VB
me	PRP
how	WRB
fat	JJ
or	CC
chunky	JJ
I	PRP
was	VBD
...	:
maybe	RB
if	IN
they	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
feel	VB
like	IN
more	JJR
of	IN
a	DT
person	NN
and	CC
less	JJR
of	IN
a	DT
body	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
began	VBD
when	WRB
my	PRP$
father	NN
died	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
always	RB
wondered	VBD
if	IN
he	PRP
had	VBD
n't	RB
killed	VBN
himself	PRP
would	MD
he	PRP
have	VB
been	VBN
happy	JJ
about	IN
my	PRP$
anorexia	NN
.	.
All	DT
I	PRP
know	VBP
is	VBZ
that	IN
he	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
particularly	RB
approve	VB
of	IN
his	PRP$
fat	JJ
child	NN
.	.
Would	MD
it	PRP
make	VB
him	PRP
happy	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
finally	RB
got	VBD
skinny	NN
?	.
Would	MD
he	PRP
feel	VB
better	JJR
about	IN
himself	PRP
if	IN
he	PRP
had	VBD
lived	VBN
to	TO
see	VB
me	PRP
with	IN
tubes	NNS
up	IN
my	PRP$
nose	NN
and	CC
in	IN
my	PRP$
veins	NNS
?	.
Would	MD
he	PRP
be	VB
proud	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
almost	RB
starved	VBD
myself	PRP
to	TO
death	NN
?	.
Or	CC
would	MD
he	PRP
say	VB
that	IN
he	PRP
loved	VBD
me	PRP
no	DT
matter	NN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
?	.
Would	MD
he	PRP
love	VB
me	PRP
for	IN
the	DT
great	JJ
person	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
inside	IN
?	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
too	RB
bad	JJ
his	PRP$
talented	JJ
daughter	NN
has	VBZ
given	VBN
up	RP
her	PRP$
dreams	NNS
in	IN
search	NN
of	IN
pleasing	VBG
her	PRP$
dead	JJ
father	NN
through	IN
starvation	NN
...	:
Too	RB
bad	JJ
he	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
have	VB
stuck	VBN
around	IN
to	TO
see	VB
how	WRB
damaging	JJ
his	PRP$
words	NNS
were	VBD
.	.
He	PRP
will	MD
see	VB
me	PRP
soon	RB
enough	RB
when	WRB
this	DT
disease	NN
finally	RB
kills	VBZ
me	PRP
.	.
Will	MD
he	PRP
be	VB
happy	JJ
to	TO
see	VB
me	PRP
then	RB
?	.
Dieting	NN
is	VBZ
dangerous	JJ
.	.
And	CC
that	DT
should	MD
be	VB
plastered	VBN
on	IN
billboards	NNS
and	CC
on	IN
magazine	NN
covers	VBZ
instead	RB
of	IN
these	DT
thin	JJ
women	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
airbrushed	VBN
and	CC
starving	VBG
themselves	PRP
.	.
This	DT
started	VBD
out	RP
as	IN
a	DT
simple	JJ
diet	NN
...	:
and	CC
everyone	NN
was	VBD
so	RB
happy	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
losing	VBG
the	DT
weight	NN
...	:
but	CC
then	RB
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
stop	VB
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
turned	VBD
out	RP
to	TO
have	VB
anorexia	NN
.	.
And	CC
we	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
go	VB
to	TO
the	DT
dance	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
spare	VB
him	PRP
the	DT
embarrassment	NN
.	.
If	IN
only	RB
more	JJR
parents	NNS
raised	VBD
their	PRP$
children	NNS
like	IN
his	PRP$
parents	NNS
raised	VBD
him	PRP
...	:
too	RB
disregard	NN
outside	JJ
appearances	NNS
and	CC
recognize	VB
the	DT
goodness	NN
that	WDT
hides	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
inside	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
friends	NNS
in	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
all	DT
knew	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
throwing	VBG
up	RP
.	.
They	PRP
never	RB
said	VBD
a	DT
word	NN
.	.
Maybe	RB
if	IN
they	PRP
had	VBD
spoken	VBN
up	IN
they	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
spared	VBN
me	PRP
the	DT
torture	VBP
of	IN
multiple	JJ
hospitalizations	NNS
and	CC
near	IN
death	NN
experiences	NNS
.	.
Friends	NNPS
need	VBP
to	TO
recognize	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
worth	JJ
destroying	VBG
a	DT
friendship	NN
to	TO
save	VB
a	DT
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
if	IN
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
had	VBD
it	PRP
to	TO
do	VB
over	IN
...	:
they	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
done	VBN
more	RBR
than	IN
sit	VB
outside	IN
the	DT
bathroom	NN
door	NN
and	CC
talk	NN
about	IN
me	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
best	JJS
friends	NNS
could	MD
n't	RB
take	VB
the	DT
constant	JJ
worry	NN
.	.
They	PRP
got	VBD
sick	JJ
of	IN
running	VBG
home	NN
from	IN
college	NN
and	CC
work	NN
to	TO
find	VB
me	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
drove	VBD
them	PRP
into	IN
therapy	NN
.	.
And	CC
a	DT
therapist	NN
said	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
thing	NN
they	PRP
could	MD
do	VB
for	IN
themselves	PRP
was	VBD
to	TO
distance	VB
themselves	PRP
from	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
always	RB
resented	VBN
that	IN
...	:
because	IN
for	IN
many	JJ
years	NNS
they	PRP
were	VBD
all	DT
I	PRP
had	VBD
left	VBN
to	TO
cling	VB
to	TO
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
'm	VBP
23	CD
and	CC
still	RB
dealing	VBG
with	IN
this	DT
,	,
although	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
road	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
refuse	VBP
to	TO
let	VB
myself	PRP
be	VB
controlled	VBN
by	IN
this	DT
disease	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
my	PRP$
entire	JJ
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
have	VB
children	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
live	VB
.	.
``	``
My	PRP$
father	NN
has	VBZ
also	RB
called	VBN
me	PRP
names	NNS
like	IN
stupid	JJ
,	,
dumb	JJ
,	,
asshole	NN
and	CC
dumb-ass	NN
all	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
think	VB
he	PRP
realizes	VBZ
how	WRB
much	JJ
those	DT
words	NNS
have	VBP
hurt	VBN
me	PRP
and	CC
affected	JJ
my	PRP$
self	NN
esteem	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
mother	NN
has	VBZ
also	RB
been	VBN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
a	DT
chronic	JJ
disease	NN
for	IN
9	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
feel	VBP
guilty	JJ
about	IN
her	PRP$
being	VBG
sick	JJ
,	,
like	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
my	PRP$
fault	NN
.	.
Maybe	RB
because	IN
she	PRP
unknowingly	RB
lays	VBZ
guilt	NN
trips	NNS
on	IN
me	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
.	.
I	PRP
doubt	VBP
myself	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
hate	VBP
myself	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
always	RB
have	VBP
to	TO
measure	VB
up	RP
to	TO
them	PRP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
you	PRP
feel	VBP
worthless	JJ
,	,
depressed	JJ
and	CC
angry	JJ
.	.
How	WRB
did	VBD
I	PRP
get	VB
this	DT
way	NN
?	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
an	DT
athlete	NN
all	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
never	RB
doubting	VBG
how	WRB
I	PRP
felt	VBD
or	CC
looked	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
find	VB
a	DT
way	NN
out	RP
,	,
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
be	VB
healthy	JJ
,	,
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
love	VB
myself	PRP
again	RB
.	.
''	''
``	``
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
seventeen-year	JJ
old	JJ
girl	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
recovering	VBG
from	IN
both	DT
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
conciously	RB
dealing	VBG
with	IN
recovery	NN
for	IN
almost	RB
a	DT
year	NN
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
behaviors	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
going	VBG
on	IN
for	IN
about	IN
three	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
gone	VBN
almost	RB
a	DT
month	NN
without	IN
any	DT
behaviors	NNS
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
excited	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
my	PRP$
whole	JJ
disorder	NN
could	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
prevented	VBN
if	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
've	VB
had	VBD
a	DT
more	RBR
supportive	JJ
and	CC
caring	VBG
family	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
sisters	NNS
are	VBP
obsessed	VBN
with	IN
weight	NN
loss	NN
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
mom	NN
does	VBZ
nothing	NN
to	TO
prevent	VB
it	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
Hell	NNP
growing	VBG
up	RP
in	IN
my	PRP$
house	NN
,	,
where	WRB
every	DT
other	JJ
conversation	NN
revolves	VBZ
around	IN
how	WRB
horrible	JJ
fat	NN
is	VBZ
and	CC
how	WRB
much	RB
better	JJR
everything	NN
could	MD
be	VB
if	IN
we	PRP
all	DT
just	RB
lost	VBN
the	DT
pounds	NNS
.	.
If	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
would	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
more	RBR
loving	JJ
instead	RB
of	IN
judgemental	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
helped	VBN
a	DT
lot	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
Maybe	RB
if	IN
my	PRP$
mom	NN
had	VBD
n't	RB
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
``	``
my	PRP$
bones	NNS
could	MD
stand	VB
to	TO
stick	VB
out	RP
a	DT
little	RB
more	JJR
''	''
,	,
or	CC
asking	VBG
me	PRP
for	IN
tips	NNS
on	IN
weight	NN
loss	NN
.	.
Maybe	RB
if	IN
my	PRP$
dad	NN
did	VBD
n't	RB
sit	VB
and	CC
drool	VB
over	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
skinny	JJ
women	NNS
he	PRP
ever	RB
sees	VBZ
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
anorexic	JJ
for	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
now	RB
,	,
and	CC
though	IN
I	PRP
look	VBP
healthy	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
daily	JJ
battle	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
want	VB
to	TO
feed	VB
the	DT
pangs	NNS
of	IN
hunger	NN
I	PRP
get	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
my	PRP$
date	NN
to	TO
thank	VB
for	IN
this	DT
behaviorial	JJ
pattern	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
created	VBN
for	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
Five	CD
years	NNS
I	PRP
was	VBD
date	NN
raped	VBD
on	IN
a	DT
road	NN
in	IN
the	DT
middle	NN
of	IN
the	DT
night	NN
by	IN
a	DT
boy	NN
who	WP
told	VBD
me	PRP
he	PRP
was	VBD
my	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
sure	JJ
what	WP
hurted	VBD
more	RBR
:	:
him	PRP
forcing	VBG
his	PRP$
way	NN
into	IN
me	PRP
or	CC
the	DT
asphalt	NN
on	IN
my	PRP$
back	NN
.	.
Since	IN
then	RB
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
face	VB
dating	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
two	CD
other	JJ
emotional	JJ
wrecking	VBG
relationship	NN
,	,
where	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
nothing	NN
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
wind-up	JJ
toy	NN
for	IN
someone	NN
to	TO
play	VB
with	IN
,	,
and	CC
being	VBG
intimate	JJ
with	IN
people	NNS
,	,
male	NN
or	CC
female	NN
,	,
gets	VBZ
more	JJR
confusing	JJ
everyday	JJ
.	.
Most	JJS
people	NNS
I	PRP
know	VBP
and	CC
who	WP
know	VBP
me	PRP
,	,
unbeknowst	JJ
to	TO
them	PRP
,	,
make	VBP
me	PRP
feel	VB
so	RB
incredibly	RB
guilty	JJ
and	CC
weak	JJ
for	IN
not	RB
fighting	VBG
for	IN
not	RB
reporting	VBG
,	,
for	IN
not	RB
doing	VBG
anything	NN
.	.
The	DT
things	NNS
they	PRP
say	VBP
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
unbelievable	JJ
what	WP
people	NNS
can	MD
say	VB
.	.
But	CC
how	WRB
do	VBP
you	PRP
explain	VBP
to	TO
people	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
nothing	NN
to	TO
relate	VB
your	PRP$
experience	NN
to	TO
in	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
history	NN
?	.
``	``
Yet	RB
,	,
somewhere	RB
...	:
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
blue	JJ
haze	NN
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
appears	VBZ
the	DT
one	CD
thing	NN
that	WDT
makes	VBZ
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
live	VB
and	CC
breath	NN
.	.
Somewhere	RB
there	EX
is	VBZ
love	NN
.	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
me	PRP
five	CD
years	NNS
to	TO
realize	VB
that	DT
love	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
only	JJ
cure	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
find	VB
within	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
then	RB
in	IN
others	NNS
if	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
recover	VB
.	.
Somewhere	RB
,	,
I	PRP
found	VBD
support	NN
from	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
loved	VBD
me	PRP
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
not	RB
my	PRP$
history	NN
,	,
not	RB
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
I	PRP
put	VBP
out	RP
,	,
or	CC
drank	VBD
them	PRP
under	IN
the	DT
table	NN
,	,
or	CC
something	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
.	.
They	PRP
love	VBP
me	PRP
for	IN
the	DT
bizarre	JJ
questions	NNS
I	PRP
ask	VBP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
stringy	JJ
blonde	JJ
hair	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
organize	VBP
everything	NN
in	IN
a	DT
fashion	NN
that	WDT
only	RB
I	PRP
can	MD
follow	VB
.	.
They	PRP
love	VBP
me	PRP
for	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
rape	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
strength	NN
for	IN
living	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
will	MD
to	TO
want	VB
to	TO
recover	VB
,	,
my	PRP$
devotion	NN
to	TO
educating	VBG
others	NNS
.	.
Though	NNP
,	,
they	PRP
still	RB
get	VBP
angry	JJ
at	IN
my	PRP$
date	NN
for	IN
what	WP
he	PRP
did	VBD
,	,
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WP
,	,
they	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
get	VB
angry	JJ
with	IN
me	PRP
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
have	VBP
never	RB
asked	VBN
anyone	NN
to	TO
understand	VB
,	,
just	RB
not	RB
judge	VB
me	PRP
.	.
But	CC
sometimes	RB
,	,
when	WRB
the	DT
lights	NNS
are	VBP
off	RB
and	CC
the	DT
world	NN
is	VBZ
sleeping	VBG
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
lying	VBG
there	RB
in	IN
my	PRP$
bed	NN
thinking	NN
,	,
I	PRP
swear	VBP
I	PRP
can	MD
hear	VB
myself	PRP
dying	VBG
.	.
''	''
Instead	RB
of	IN
telling	VBG
me	PRP
how	WRB
gross	JJ
I	PRP
looked	VBD
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
die	VB
,	,
and	CC
generally	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
myself	PRP
to	TO
hate	VB
myself	PRP
enough	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
'd	MD
want	VB
to	TO
change	VB
,	,
he	PRP
should	MD
have	VB
said	VBD
things	NNS
like	IN
,	,
``	``
You	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
positivie	NN
qualities	NNS
to	TO
share	VB
with	IN
the	DT
world	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
continue	VBP
down	RP
this	DT
path	NN
,	,
you	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
achieve	VB
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
hopes	NNS
,	,
goals	NNS
and	CC
dreams	VBZ
that	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
for	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
''	''
That	DT
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
referring	VBG
me	PRP
for	IN
psychological	JJ
help	NN
earlier	JJR
than	IN
5	CD
months	NNS
into	IN
my	PRP$
bout	NN
with	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
would	MD
have	VB
helped	VBN
a	DT
lot	NN
.	.
Say	VB
,	,
``	``
No	UH
,	,
I	PRP
know	VBP
you	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
eat	VB
before	IN
you	PRP
came	VBD
over	RP
.	.
''	''
But	CC
most	RBS
importantly	RB
,	,
tell	VBP
them	PRP
that	IN
you	PRP
care	VBP
,	,
that	IN
you	PRP
value	VBP
their	PRP$
companionship	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
it	PRP
hurts	VBZ
you	PRP
to	TO
see	VB
them	PRP
hurting	VBG
themselves	PRP
.	.
A	DT
little	JJ
bit	NN
of	IN
love	NN
goes	VBZ
a	DT
long	JJ
way	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
In	IN
my	PRP$
opinion	NN
,	,
the	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
thing	NN
that	IN
we	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
prevention	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
make	VB
all	DT
adults	NNS
,	,
especially	RB
mothers	NNS
,	,
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
prevalence	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
so	RB
many	JJ
mothers	NNS
who	WP
unknowingly	RB
cause	VBP
their	PRP$
daughters	NNS
to	TO
fall	VB
prey	NN
to	TO
ed	VB
's	POS
.	.
My	PRP$
sister	NN
is	VBZ
12	CD
,	,
and	CC
her	PRP$
friend	NN
's	POS
moms	NNS
are	VBP
constantly	RB
telling	VBG
their	PRP$
daughters	NNS
whose	WP$
bodies	NNS
are	VBP
naturally	RB
changing	VBG
,	,
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
gaining	VBG
too	RB
much	JJ
weight	NN
and	CC
they	PRP
should	MD
watch	VB
what	WP
they	PRP
eat	VBP
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
amazing	JJ
to	TO
see	VB
the	DT
results	NNS
--	:
my	PRP$
sister	NN
's	POS
best	JJS
friend	NN
now	RB
eats	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
rebelling	VBG
against	IN
her	PRP$
overprotective	JJ
mother	NN
's	POS
commands	NNS
.	.
How	WRB
can	MD
this	DT
result	NN
in	IN
anything	NN
BUT	NNP
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
?	.
Whether	IN
she	PRP
continues	VBZ
to	TO
eat	VB
compulsively	RB
or	CC
she	PRP
begins	VBZ
to	TO
starve	VB
herself	PRP
to	TO
please	VB
her	PRP$
mom	NN
,	,
she	PRP
will	MD
definitely	RB
suffer	VB
from	IN
eating	VBG
problems	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
TO	TO
answer	VB
the	DT
question	NN
about	IN
what	WP
could	MD
have	VB
prevented	VBN
my	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
...	:
I	PRP
think	VBP
the	DT
bottom	JJ
line	NN
was	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
very	RB
low	JJ
self	NN
esteem	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
always	RB
been	VBN
shy	JJ
,	,
and	CC
once	RB
I	PRP
reached	VBD
junior	JJ
high	JJ
I	PRP
just	RB
wasnt	VBP
ready	JJ
to	TO
face	VB
all	PDT
the	DT
``	``
typical	JJ
''	''
teenage	JJ
issues	NNS
we	PRP
all	DT
go	VBP
through	IN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
shy	JJ
around	IN
boys	NNS
,	,
and	CC
uncomfortable	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
physical	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
But	CC
the	DT
main	JJ
issues	NNS
were	VBD
at	IN
home	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
father	NN
was	VBD
an	DT
alcoholic	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
he	PRP
passed	VBD
away	RB
last	JJ
year	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
because	IN
of	IN
this	DT
,	,
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
fought	VBN
constantly	RB
.	.
The	DT
fights	NNS
become	VBP
more	RBR
and	CC
more	RBR
violent	JJ
during	IN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
junior	JJ
high	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
being	VBG
ashamed	JJ
to	TO
bring	VB
any	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
home	NN
in	IN
fear	NN
that	IN
my	PRP$
father	NN
would	MD
be	VB
there	RB
drunk	JJ
,	,
or	CC
they	PRP
might	MD
hear	VB
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
fighting	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
used	VBD
to	TO
spend	VB
alot	NN
of	IN
time	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
room	NN
instead	RB
of	IN
being	VBG
with	IN
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
The	DT
anorexia	NN
turned	VBD
into	IN
bulimia	NN
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
since	IN
been	VBN
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
for	IN
all	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
even	RB
when	WRB
I	PRP
eat	VBP
just	RB
a	DT
small	JJ
portion	NN
of	IN
food	NN
my	PRP$
stomach	NN
is	VBZ
sore	JJ
from	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
abuse	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
afflicted	VBN
on	IN
it	PRP
,	,
so	RB
if	IN
I	PRP
throw	VBP
up	RP
,	,
it	PRP
alleviates	VBZ
the	DT
soreness	NN
.	.
``	``
Also	RB
,	,
there	EX
was	VBD
an	DT
incidence	NN
of	IN
molestation	NN
by	IN
a	DT
trusted	VBN
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
family	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
about	IN
5	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
never	RB
forgotten	VBN
it	PRP
and	CC
never	RB
will	MD
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
sure	RB
this	DT
played	VBD
a	DT
big	JJ
part	NN
in	IN
this	DT
disorder	NN
because	IN
it	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
feel	VB
``	``
bad	JJ
''	''
and	CC
not	RB
in	IN
control	NN
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
think	VBP
that	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
closer	RBR
relationship	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
Mother	NNP
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
young	JJ
I	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
have	VB
kept	VBN
the	DT
molestation	NN
``	``
secret	JJ
''	''
to	TO
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
confided	VBN
in	IN
her	PRP
,	,
unafraid	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
helpful	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
her	PRP$
be	VB
more	JJR
of	IN
a	DT
friend	NN
than	IN
a	DT
critic	NN
.	.
There	EX
were	VBD
6	CD
of	IN
us	PRP
kids	NNS
and	CC
she	PRP
did	VBD
the	DT
best	JJS
she	PRP
could	MD
.	.
Sex	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
talked	VBN
about	IN
in	IN
those	DT
days	NNS
and	CC
it	PRP
should	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
blaming	VBG
this	DT
disease	NN
on	IN
anyone	NN
but	CC
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
that	DT
little	JJ
girls	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
brought	VBN
up	RP
to	TO
be	VB
un-shy	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
more	RBR
outspoken	JJ
and	CC
less	RBR
sheltered	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
real	JJ
world	NN
.	.
They	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
approach	VB
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
especially	RB
their	PRP$
mothers	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
talk	VB
one	CD
on	IN
one	CD
about	RB
just	RB
about	IN
anything	NN
.	.
They	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
feel	VB
`	``
acceptable	JJ
.	.
'	''
''	''
``	``
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
suffering	VBG
from	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
for	IN
about	IN
two	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
my	PRP$
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
had	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
me	PRP
father	NN
was	VBD
an	DT
alcoholic	JJ
for	IN
16	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
disrupted	VBD
my	PRP$
childhood	NN
.	.
I	PRP
learned	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
i	FW
could	MD
have	VB
control	NN
was	VBD
through	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
and	CC
this	DT
helped	VBD
me	PRP
from	IN
having	VBG
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
feelings	NNS
and	CC
problems	NNS
.	.
Society	NNP
has	VBZ
also	RB
had	VBD
a	DT
tremendous	JJ
impact	NN
on	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
always	RB
been	VBN
into	IN
style	NN
and	CC
looks	VBZ
and	CC
grew	VBD
up	RP
reading	VBG
the	DT
teen	JJ
magazines	NNS
and	CC
fashion	NN
catalogs	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
that	IN
society	NN
conveys	VBZ
a	DT
message	NN
that	IN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
be	VB
successful	JJ
,	,
you	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
thin	JJ
and	CC
beautiful	JJ
.	.
All	DT
of	IN
the	DT
models	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
magazines	NNS
,	,
are	VBP
very	RB
thin	JJ
and	CC
perfection	NN
is	VBZ
stressed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
feel	VBP
taht	IN
some	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
relationships	NNS
have	VBP
had	VBN
an	DT
impact	NN
on	IN
my	PRP$
e.d.	FW
My	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
,	,
who	WP
I	PRP
have	VBP
known	VBN
for	IN
8	CD
years	NNS
,	,
was	VBD
also	RB
into	IN
exercising	VBG
,	,
dieting	NN
,	,
and	CC
looking	VBG
great	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
used	VBD
to	TO
go	VB
out	RP
and	CC
buy	VB
diet	NN
pills	NNS
together	RB
,	,
workout	NN
every	DT
day	NN
,	,
and	CC
monitor	VB
eachother	NN
's	POS
eating	NN
.	.
We	PRP
would	MD
yell	VB
at	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
if	IN
we	PRP
ate	VBD
something	NN
fattening	NN
or	CC
``	``
unhealthy	JJ
''	''
.	.
This	DT
went	VBD
on	IN
for	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
years	NNS
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
she	PRP
got	VBD
over	IN
some	DT
of	IN
her	PRP$
concerns	NNS
,	,
yet	RB
I	PRP
decided	VBD
to	TO
continue	VB
,	,
and	CC
eventually	RB
crossed	VBD
over	IN
the	DT
line	NN
.	.
``	``
Mainly	RB
,	,
society	NN
sends	VBZ
a	DT
message	NN
through	IN
television	NN
,	,
magazines	NNS
,	,
radio	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
that	WDT
is	VBZ
only	RB
concerned	VBN
with	IN
appearance	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
in	IN
order	NN
for	IN
this	DT
to	TO
ever	RB
end	VB
,	,
we	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
begin	VB
to	TO
focus	VB
on	IN
what	WP
's	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
inside	NN
and	CC
not	RB
give	VB
so	RB
much	JJ
attention	NN
to	TO
thinness	NN
and	CC
beauty	NN
.	.
I	PRP
see	VBP
things	NNS
getting	VBG
worse	JJR
and	CC
worse	JJR
,	,
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
seem	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
more	RBR
common	JJ
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
prevent	VB
others	NNS
from	IN
subjecting	VBG
themselves	PRP
to	TO
this	DT
theory	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
focus	VB
on	IN
life	NN
,	,
happiness	NN
,	,
and	CC
future	NN
without	IN
the	DT
focus	NN
on	IN
looks	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
What	WP
could	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
done	VBN
to	TO
prevent	VB
my	PRP$
ed	VBN
?	.
Everything	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
should	MD
n't	RB
have	VB
forced	VBN
me	PRP
to	TO
sit	VB
at	IN
the	DT
table	NN
until	IN
I	PRP
ate	VBD
everything	NN
from	IN
the	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
consume	VB
solid	JJ
food	NN
on	IN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
never	RB
would	MD
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
to	TO
stubborn	JJ
.	.
This	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
only	JJ
battlefield	NN
at	IN
my	PRP$
house	NN
on	IN
which	WDT
I	PRP
could	MD
win	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
My	PRP$
athletic	JJ
director	NN
should	MD
n't	RB
have	VB
taken	VBN
our	PRP$
body	NN
fat	JJ
every	DT
3	CD
months	NNS
,	,
and	CC
put	VBD
us	PRP
down	RP
for	IN
it	PRP
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
n't	RB
been	VBN
such	JJ
an	DT
overachiever	NN
and	CC
perfectionist	NN
.	.
If	IN
people	NNS
acted	VBD
like	IN
shocked	JJ
smartasses	NNS
if	IN
I	PRP
decided	VBD
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
run	VB
for	IN
class	NN
officer	NN
,	,
or	CC
join	VB
some	DT
other	JJ
club	NN
.	.
If	IN
my	PRP$
grandmother	NN
would	MD
n't	RB
have	VB
been	VBN
so	RB
upset	JJ
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
on	IN
Homecoming	VBG
court	NN
,	,
but	CC
did	VBD
n't	RB
win	VB
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
n't	RB
passed	VBN
out	RP
from	IN
drinking	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
16	CD
,	,
and	CC
found	VBD
my	PRP$
boyfriend	NN
of	IN
2	CD
years	NNS
doing	VBG
things	NNS
to	TO
me	PRP
I	PRP
refused	VBD
to	TO
do	VB
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
conscious	JJ
.	.
If	IN
my	PRP$
father	NN
had	VBD
n't	RB
told	VBD
me	PRP
in	IN
a	DT
fit	NN
of	IN
rage	NN
one	CD
night	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
cause	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
problems	NNS
with	IN
my	PRP$
mother	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
boyfriend	NN
going	VBG
around	IN
school	NN
and	CC
telling	VBG
everyone	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
good	JJ
f	SYM
--	:
.	.
Maybe	RB
all	DT
of	IN
these	DT
are	VBP
simplistic	JJ
,	,
and	CC
should	MD
just	RB
be	VB
brushed	VBN
off	RP
.	.
Maybe	RB
since	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
the	DT
roots	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
problems	NNS
I	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
heal	VB
myself	PRP
,	,
or	CC
get	VB
help	VB
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
do	VB
that	DT
.	.
So	IN
I	PRP
stick	VBP
my	PRP$
finger	NN
down	IN
my	PRP$
throat	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
What	WP
could	MD
people	NNS
have	VBP
done	VBN
differently	RB
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
have	VB
not	RB
fallen	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
ed	VBN
trap	NN
?	.
Hmmmm	NNP
...	:
they	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
not	RB
put	VB
such	PDT
an	DT
emphsis	NN
on	IN
weight	NN
-	:
I	PRP
'm	VBP
from	IN
a	DT
larger	JJR
family	NN
,	,
I	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
be	VB
thin	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
could	MD
have	VB
not	RB
forbidden	VBN
junkfood	NN
from	IN
our	PRP$
house	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
kid	NN
,	,
that	DT
way	NN
now	RB
it	PRP
would	MD
'	''
t	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
such	JJ
a	DT
gotta	NN
have	VBP
more	JJR
treat	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
aunts	NNS
and	CC
uncles	NNS
could	MD
not	RB
have	VB
mentioned	VBN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
eat	VBP
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
climax	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
aneroxia	NN
,	,
comments	NNS
like	IN
`	``
you	PRP
;	:
ve	NN
lost	VBD
weight	NN
,	,
you	PRP
look	VBP
so	RB
pretty	RB
'	''
should	MD
n't	RB
have	VB
been	VBN
allowed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
loved	VBN
for	IN
being	VBG
me	PRP
,	,
by	IN
friends	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
,	,
not	RB
for	IN
being	VBG
the	DT
me	PRP
that	IN
they	PRP
wanted	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
People	NNS
could	MD
have	VB
spent	VBN
less	JJR
time	NN
commenting	VBG
on	IN
appearence	NN
and	CC
more	JJR
on	IN
personality	NN
.	.
Television	NN
could	MD
not	RB
have	VB
made	VBN
fat	JJ
jokes	NNS
,	,
about	IN
thin	JJ
people	NNS
.	.
Size	NN
14	CD
should	MD
be	VB
what	WP
can	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
normal	JJ
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
happy	JJ
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
came	VBD
from	IN
a	DT
``	``
typical	JJ
''	''
ED	NNP
family	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
mother	NN
was	VBD
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
still	RB
is	VBZ
-RRB-	-RRB-
over	IN
involved	VBN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
enmeshed	VBN
as	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
described	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
psychology	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
overprotective	JJ
and	CC
too	RB
involved	VBN
in	IN
all	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
activities	NNS
.	.
Although	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
know	VB
it	PRP
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
this	DT
type	NN
of	IN
parenting	NN
leads	VBZ
the	DT
child	NN
to	TO
feel	VB
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
.	.
As	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
EDs	NNS
know	VBP
,	,
the	DT
struggle	NN
for	IN
control	NN
is	VBZ
central	JJ
.	.
Parents	NNS
can	MD
help	VB
by	IN
giving	VBG
unconditional	JJ
love	NN
-	:
not	RB
just	RB
showing	VBG
affection	NN
when	WRB
a	DT
child	NN
does	VBZ
well	RB
is	VBZ
sports	NNS
,	,
school	NN
or	CC
lives	VBZ
up	RP
to	TO
the	DT
parents	NNS
'	POS
expectations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
main	JJ
reason	NN
this	DT
does	VBZ
not	RB
occur	VB
is	VBZ
because	IN
parents	NNS
have	VBP
their	PRP$
own	JJ
``	``
stuff	NN
''	''
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
think	VBP
if	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
grown	VBN
up	RP
with	IN
both	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
house	NN
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
given	VBN
my	PRP$
life	NN
a	DT
greater	JJR
sense	NN
of	IN
balance	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
got	VBD
divorced	VBN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
first	JJ
grade	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
spend	VBP
the	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
weekends	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
youth	NN
visiting	VBG
my	PRP$
father	NN
every	DT
other	JJ
weekend	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
mom	NN
had	VBD
to	TO
work	VB
very	RB
hard	JJ
to	TO
raise	VB
my	PRP$
brother	NN
and	CC
myself	PRP
.	.
Sometimes	RB
I	PRP
wish	VBP
I	PRP
had	VBD
the	DT
``	``
ALL	NNP
AMERICAN	NNP
FAMILY	NN
''	''
and	CC
that	DT
would	MD
have	VB
made	VBN
my	PRP$
life	NN
``	``
HAPPIER	NNP
''	''
.	.
But	CC
now	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
22	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
trade	VB
my	PRP$
youth	NN
for	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
grow	VB
and	CC
become	VB
stronger	JJR
through	IN
the	DT
difficult	JJ
challenges	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
faced	VBN
with	IN
.	.
Unfortunately	RB
my	PRP$
Anorexia	NNP
is	VBZ
something	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
plagued	VBN
me	PRP
for	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
four	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Hopefully	RB
,	,
one	CD
day	NN
I	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
get	VB
to	TO
the	DT
heart	NN
of	IN
the	DT
disease	NN
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
to	TO
take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
me	PRP
while	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
bulimic	JJ
and	CC
spiraling	VBG
downward	RB
.	.
If	IN
they	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
care	VB
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
somebody	NN
to	TO
do	VB
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
needed	VBD
help	NN
so	RB
badly	RB
but	CC
it	PRP
seemed	VBD
nobody	NN
would	MD
reach	VB
out	RP
.	.
I	PRP
wish	VBP
my	PRP$
mother	NN
would	MD
've	VB
dragged	VBN
me	PRP
out	IN
of	IN
college	NN
and	CC
put	VBD
me	PRP
in	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
.	.
Surely	RB
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
protested	VBN
,	,
but	CC
deep	RB
down	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
've	VB
been	VBN
relieved	VBN
.	.
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
told	VBD
me	PRP
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
spoiled	VBN
white	JJ
girl	NN
.	.
They	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
just	RB
wanted	VBD
some	DT
attention	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
until	IN
I	PRP
failed	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
college	NN
and	CC
put	VBD
myself	PRP
in	IN
therapy	NN
did	VBD
anyone	NN
realize	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
just	RB
playing	VBG
games	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
I	PRP
think	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
single	JJ
most	RBS
important	JJ
thing	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
way	NN
society	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
media	NNS
portray	VBP
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
given	VBN
the	DT
message	NN
,	,
over	IN
and	CC
over	IN
and	CC
over	IN
,	,
that	IN
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
attractive	JJ
,	,
forget	VB
it	PRP
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
loser	NN
.	.
And	CC
attractive	JJ
means	NNS
thin	JJ
.	.
All	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
blessed	VBN
with	IN
genetics	NNS
that	WDT
support	VBP
that	DT
size	NN
,	,
so	IN
we	PRP
suffer	VBP
untold	JJ
agonies	NNS
to	TO
try	VB
to	TO
be	VB
what	WP
we	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
intended	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
The	DT
message	NN
is	VBZ
reinforced	VBN
by	IN
all	DT
around	IN
us	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
never	RB
bugged	VBD
me	PRP
about	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
,	,
except	IN
I	PRP
liked	VBD
it	PRP
when	WRB
they	PRP
were	VBD
concerned	VBN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
too	RB
skinny	JJ
.	.
Maybe	RB
I	PRP
was	VBD
looking	VBG
for	IN
attention	NN
from	IN
them	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
had	VBD
their	PRP$
own	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
dad	NN
was	VBD
an	DT
alcoholic	JJ
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
mum	NN
was	VBD
trying	VBG
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
that	DT
and	CC
four	CD
kids	NNS
.	.
Men	NNP
certainly	RB
pay	VBP
alot	RB
more	JJR
attention	NN
to	TO
you	PRP
when	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
skinny	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
from	IN
fat	JJ
to	TO
skinny	VB
,	,
and	CC
back	RB
and	CC
forth	RB
.	.
Right	RB
now	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
heavier	JJR
side	NN
,	,
not	RB
really	RB
fat	JJ
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
sure	RB
feel	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
people	NNS
like	IN
me	PRP
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
how	WRB
I	PRP
look	VBP
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
hard	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
with	IN
people	NNS
when	WRB
I	PRP
feel	VBP
like	IN
this	DT
!	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
so	RB
gross	JJ
,	,
and	CC
ugly	JJ
about	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
``	``
All	DT
I	PRP
ever	RB
wanted	VBD
was	VBD
my	PRP$
Father	NNP
to	TO
say	VB
``	``
I	PRP
love	VBP
you	PRP
''	''
or	CC
``	``
You	PRP
did	VBD
very	RB
well	RB
''	''
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
never	RB
heard	VBD
those	DT
words	NNS
from	IN
him	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
received	VBD
support	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
mother	NN
but	CC
when	WRB
she	PRP
died	VBD
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
15	CD
,	,
I	PRP
started	VBD
seeking	VBG
approval	NN
from	IN
others	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
desperately	RB
wanted	VBD
love	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
father	NN
but	CC
he	PRP
only	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
start	VB
a	DT
new	JJ
life	NN
without	IN
a	DT
teenage	JJ
daughter	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
final	JJ
attempt	NN
to	TO
win	VB
his	PRP$
love	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
lose	VB
1\/3	CD
of	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
looked	VBD
terrible	JJ
,	,
felt	VBD
terrible	JJ
and	CC
was	VBD
in	IN
a	DT
deep	JJ
depression	NN
.	.
I	PRP
hoped	VBD
this	DT
would	MD
get	VB
him	PRP
to	TO
reach	VB
out	RP
and	CC
help	VB
me	PRP
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
.	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
me	PRP
11	CD
years	NNS
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
live	VB
without	IN
him	PRP
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
to	TO
get	VB
approval	NN
and	CC
validation	NN
from	IN
others	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
care	VBP
about	IN
someone	NN
,	,
let	VB
them	PRP
know	VB
.	.
It	PRP
will	MD
make	VB
both	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
stronger	JJR
.	.
''	''
Two	CD
aunts	NNS
and	CC
two	CD
cousins	NNS
are	VBP
drug	NN
abusers	NNS
.	.
Two	CD
grandparents	NNS
died	VBD
due	JJ
to	TO
excessive	JJ
smoking	NN
,	,
I	PRP
watched	VBD
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
it	PRP
kill	VB
one	CD
uncle	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
currently	RB
have	VBP
two	CD
aunts	NNS
,	,
an	DT
uncle	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
cousin	NN
who	WP
would	MD
rather	RB
die	VB
that	DT
give	VB
up	RP
the	DT
nicotine	NN
addiction	NN
.	.
Religion	NNP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
mother	NN
's	POS
addiction	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
mother	NN
and	CC
her	PRP$
sisters	NNS
were	VBD
physically	RB
and	CC
psychologically	RB
abused	VBN
by	IN
my	PRP$
grandmother	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
who	WP
psychologically	RB
abused	VBD
the	DT
grandchildren	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
my	PRP$
mother	NN
psychologically	RB
abused	VBD
me	PRP
and	CC
my	PRP$
sister	NN
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
sister	NN
physically	RB
and	CC
psychologically	RB
abused	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
Rumor	NN
has	VBZ
it	PRP
that	IN
my	PRP$
cousin	NN
,	,
who	WP
lives	VBZ
in	IN
Florida	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
bulimic	JJ
.	.
While	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
believe	VB
in	IN
blame	NN
,	,
I	PRP
certainly	RB
understand	VBP
why	WRB
I	PRP
try	VBP
to	TO
kill	VB
myself	PRP
through	IN
food	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
It	PRP
's	VBZ
been	VBN
three	CD
days	NNS
since	IN
I	PRP
last	JJ
binged	VBD
and	CC
purged	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
learning	VBG
to	TO
stand	VB
up	RP
for	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
family	NN
's	POS
not	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
too	RB
happy	JJ
because	IN
I	PRP
refuse	VBP
to	TO
play	VB
their	PRP$
sick	JJ
games	NNS
anymore	RB
.	.
I	PRP
may	MD
lose	VB
my	PRP$
job	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
refusing	VBG
to	TO
put	VB
up	RP
with	IN
verbal	JJ
abuse	NN
and	CC
harrassment	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
sexual	JJ
,	,
political	JJ
,	,
and	CC
otherwise	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
While	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
,	,
friends	NNS
,	,
society	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
have	VB
been	VBN
able	JJ
to	TO
prevent	VB
me	PRP
from	IN
bulimic	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
prevent	VB
this	DT
disease	NN
from	IN
killing	VBG
me	PRP
.	.
Through	IN
my	PRP$
lifetime	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
reach	VB
out	RP
to	TO
others	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
recovery	NN
and	CC
,	,
perhaps	RB
,	,
prevent	VBP
others	NNS
from	IN
following	VBG
the	DT
same	JJ
path	NN
I	PRP
took	VBD
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
never	RB
fit	VBP
in	IN
even	RB
at	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
house	NN
!	.
Everyone	NN
but	CC
me	PRP
!	.
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
,	,
though	RB
,	,
must	MD
be	VB
very	RB
happy	JJ
!	.
They	PRP
never	RB
wanted	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
fit	VB
in	IN
!	.
I	PRP
also	RB
think	VBP
that	IN
maybe	RB
ballet	NN
took	VBD
part	NN
in	IN
this	DT
terrible	JJ
thing	NN
!	.
So	RB
much	JJ
competition	NN
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
and	CC
lean	JJ
!	.
My	PRP$
dance	NN
teacher	NN
actually	RB
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
eat	VB
after	IN
I	PRP
danced	VBD
,	,
or	CC
before	IN
a	DT
class	NN
because	IN
she	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
see	VB
what	WP
I	PRP
ate	VBD
for	IN
lunch	NN
!	.
''	''
``	``
If	IN
someone	NN
would	MD
just	RB
listen	VB
to	TO
me	PRP
...	:
no	DT
one	NN
ever	RB
takes	VBZ
me	PRP
seriously	RB
because	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
just	RB
a	DT
kid	NN
.	.
But	CC
this	DT
kid	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
through	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
you	PRP
could	MD
ever	RB
possibly	RB
imagine	VB
.	.
Yet	CC
you	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
listen	VB
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
If	IN
only	RB
this	DT
world	NN
would	MD
just	RB
shut	VB
up	RB
and	CC
listen	VB
to	TO
me	PRP
for	IN
a	DT
while	NN
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
see	VB
what	WP
goes	VBZ
on	IN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
because	IN
you	PRP
constantly	RB
push	VBP
me	PRP
aside	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
watch	VBP
from	IN
a	DT
distance	NN
and	CC
see	VB
what	WP
you	PRP
do	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
get	VBP
the	DT
whole	JJ
perspective	NN
when	WRB
you	PRP
all	DT
come	VBP
to	TO
me	PRP
with	IN
your	PRP$
problems	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
just	RB
do	VBP
n't	RB
get	VB
my	PRP$
views	NNS
because	IN
you	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
listen	VB
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
the	DT
world	NN
to	TO
listen	VB
and	CC
hear	VB
me	PRP
out	RP
.	.
We	PRP
hear	VBP
so	RB
much	JJ
about	IN
how	WRB
sad	JJ
this	DT
whole	JJ
thig	NN
is	VBZ
,	,
but	CC
do	VBP
we	PRP
ever	RB
really	RB
help	VB
it	PRP
?	.
No.	NN
.	.
We	PRP
put	VBP
out	RP
clinics	NNS
and	CC
websites	NNS
,	,
but	CC
we	PRP
never	RB
really	RB
stop	VB
to	TO
see	VB
what	WP
is	VBZ
going	VBG
on	RP
.	.
We	PRP
never	RB
love	VBP
them	PRP
.	.
We	PRP
tell	VBP
them	PRP
they	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
beautiful	JJ
and	CC
thin	JJ
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
when	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
hurting	VBG
we	PRP
say	VBP
``	``
oh	UH
yeah	RB
,	,
by	IN
the	DT
way	NN
,	,
we	PRP
love	VBP
you	PRP
.	.
''	''
Once	RB
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
stop	VB
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
the	DT
world	NN
to	TO
undersatnd	NN
that	IN
we	PRP
must	MD
become	VB
better	RBR
before	IN
we	PRP
can	MD
fix	VB
what	WP
is	VBZ
wrong	JJ
.	.
Just	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
problem	NN
,	,
They	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
realize	VB
they	PRP
do	VBP
to	TO
.	.
They	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
get	VB
better	JJR
without	IN
stopping	VBG
what	WP
they	PRP
do	VBP
wrong	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
loved	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
free	JJ
.	.
``	``
What	WP
could	MD
have	VB
prevented	VBN
my	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
?	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
difficult	JJ
to	TO
attribute	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
one	CD
factor	NN
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
helped	VBN
if	IN
my	PRP$
mother	NN
had	VBD
actually	RB
taken	VBN
me	PRP
to	TO
a	DT
therapist	NN
instead	RB
of	IN
just	RB
threatening	VBG
to	TO
after	IN
catching	VBG
me	PRP
at	IN
13	CD
throwing	VBG
up	RP
in	IN
the	DT
bathroom	NN
.	.
Instead	RB
of	IN
doing	VBG
anything	NN
about	IN
it	PRP
,	,
she	PRP
screamed	VBD
at	IN
me	PRP
for	IN
awhile	RB
and	CC
then	RB
listened	VBD
to	TO
me	PRP
state	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
just	RB
doing	VBG
it	PRP
because	IN
I	PRP
ate	VBD
too	RB
much	JJ
that	IN
day	NN
,	,
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
really	RB
have	VB
a	DT
problem	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
stop	VB
it	PRP
.	.
After	IN
that	DT
,	,
I	PRP
guess	VBP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
own	JJ
fault	NN
for	IN
hiding	VBG
it	PRP
so	RB
well	RB
and	CC
not	RB
even	RB
admitting	VBG
to	TO
myself	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
really	RB
had	VBD
a	DT
problem	NN
.	.
Now	RB
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
this	DT
for	IN
over	IN
18	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
am	VBP
only	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
help	VB
myself	PRP
now	RB
because	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
getting	VBG
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
know	VBP
mentally	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
hurting	VBG
myself	PRP
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
stop	VB
emotionally	RB
from	IN
doing	VBG
it	PRP
.	.
''	''
``	``
Maybe	RB
if	IN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
were	VBD
n't	RB
so	RB
messed	VBN
up	RP
and	CC
actually	RB
listened	VBD
to	TO
what	WP
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
say	VB
.	.
They	PRP
knew	VBD
that	IN
at	IN
age	NN
11	CD
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
kill	VB
myself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
only	JJ
thing	NN
they	PRP
said	VBD
was	VBD
``	``
you	PRP
should	MD
n't	RB
think	VB
like	IN
that	DT
''	''
.	.
They	PRP
never	RB
tried	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
me	PRP
help	VB
or	CC
anything	NN
.	.
``	``
How	WRB
could	MD
my	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
prevented	VBN
?	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
sure	JJ
it	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
.	.
My	PRP$
Mom	NN
was	VBD
chronically	RB
ill	JJ
for	IN
most	JJS
of	IN
my	PRP$
childhood	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
accepted	VBD
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
die	VB
.	.
And	CC
then	RB
she	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
.	.
And	CC
then	RB
she	PRP
became	VBD
clinically	RB
depressed	VBN
.	.
And	CC
then	RB
I	PRP
was	VBD
told	VBN
,	,
``	``
Do	VBP
n't	RB
upset	VB
your	PRP$
mother	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
Well	UH
,	,
just	RB
tell	VB
your	PRP$
Mother	NNP
that	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
sorry	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
your	PRP$
fault	NN
,	,
but	CC
tell	VB
her	PRP$
it	PRP
is	VBZ
,	,
anyway	RB
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
pent	NN
up	IN
feelings	NNS
of	IN
anger	NN
and	CC
bitterness	NN
toward	IN
her	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
honest	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
allowed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
honest	JJ
,	,
for	IN
fear	NN
of	IN
hurting	VBG
her	PRP
.	.
On	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
hand	NN
,	,
I	PRP
felt	VBD
this	DT
horrible	JJ
guilt	NN
.	.
Like	IN
somehow	RB
I	PRP
could	MD
've	VB
saved	VBN
``	``
Mommy	NNP
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
tried	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
perfect	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
always	RB
put	VBD
myself	PRP
down	RP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
total	JJ
perfectionist	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
blame	VB
them	PRP
,	,
though	RB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
it	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
their	PRP$
fault	NN
Mom	NN
got	VBD
sick	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
sister	NN
went	VBD
through	IN
it	PRP
with	IN
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
nothing	NN
happened	VBD
to	TO
her	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
this	DT
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
problem	NN
.	.
Sometimes	RB
I	PRP
think	VBP
the	DT
mixture	NN
of	IN
striving	VBG
for	IN
perfection	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
need	NN
to	TO
``	``
save	VB
everyone	NN
''	''
,	,
and	CC
bring	VB
harmony	NN
to	TO
my	PRP$
life	NN
when	WRB
there	EX
was	VBD
n't	RB
any	DT
,	,
carried	VBD
over	IN
into	IN
my	PRP$
adult	NN
life	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	DT
's	VBZ
why	WRB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
having	VBG
problems	NNS
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
often	RB
that	IN
when	WRB
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
honest	JJ
about	IN
how	WRB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
feeling	NN
,	,
I	PRP
stop	VBP
eating	VBG
.	.
''	''
``	``
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
little	JJ
thing	NN
to	TO
listen	VB
to	TO
a	DT
child	NN
.	.
I	PRP
lift	VBP
my	PRP$
daughter	NN
up	IN
to	TO
sit	VB
on	IN
the	DT
counter	NN
or	CC
carry	VB
her	PRP$
so	IN
that	IN
we	PRP
can	MD
talk	VB
eye	NN
to	TO
eye	NN
...	:
it	PRP
matters	VBZ
a	DT
lot	NN
because	IN
now	RB
if	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
distracted	VBN
she	PRP
musters	VBZ
up	RP
all	PDT
the	DT
authority	NN
a	DT
4	CD
year	NN
old	JJ
possibly	RB
can	MD
and	CC
says	VBZ
`	``
mom	NN
,	,
i	FW
need	MD
you	PRP
to	TO
wook	VB
at	IN
me	PRP
for	IN
a	DT
sec	NN
...	:
I	PRP
gotta	VBP
tell	VB
you	PRP
something	NN
...	:
'	''
My	PRP$
son	NN
did	VBD
not	RB
have	VB
a	DT
mom	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
connected	VBN
when	WRB
he	PRP
was	VBD
this	DT
little	JJ
and	CC
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
big	JJ
difference	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
self-esteem	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
too	RB
late	JJ
to	TO
teach	VB
my	PRP$
son	NN
...	:
but	CC
he	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
as	IN
trusting	VBG
at	IN
nine	CD
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
work	NN
to	TO
teach	VB
trust	NN
to	TO
a	DT
kid	NN
with	IN
a	DT
low	JJ
self	NN
image	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
little	JJ
thing	NN
to	TO
look	VB
them	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
eye	NN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
matters	VBZ
.	.
''	''
``	``
I	PRP
must	MD
start	VB
by	IN
saying	VBG
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
take	VB
full	JJ
reponsibility	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
behaviors	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
abusing	VBG
laxatives	NNS
my	PRP$
first	JJ
year	NN
in	IN
college	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
fist	NN
rememberance	NN
of	IN
why	WRB
-	:
a	DT
friend	NN
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
gain	VB
weight	NN
if	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
go	VB
to	TO
the	DT
bathroom	NN
regularly	RB
.	.
I	PRP
mentioned	VBD
this	DT
to	TO
my	PRP$
Doctor	NNP
but	CC
he	PRP
just	RB
said	VBD
to	TO
take	VB
a	DT
``	``
natural	JJ
''	''
laxative	NN
daily	RB
.	.
``	``
The	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
realized	VBD
that	IN
taking	VBG
laxatives	NNS
was	VBD
a	DT
``	``
big	JJ
''	''
deal	NN
was	VBD
my	PRP$
first	JJ
visit	NN
to	TO
a	DT
counselor	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
taking	VBG
laxatives	NNS
for	IN
over	IN
5	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
never	RB
knew	VBD
the	DT
damage	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
being	VBG
done	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
shock	NN
to	TO
find	VB
out	RP
about	IN
what	WP
my	PRP$
body	NN
was	VBD
going	VBG
through	IN
.	.
``	``
To	TO
answer	VB
your	PRP$
question	NN
,	,
I	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
discontinued	VBN
my	PRP$
abuse	NN
of	IN
the	DT
drug	NN
if	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
Doctor	NN
would	MD
have	VB
listened	VBN
to	TO
me	PRP
and	CC
educated	VBN
me	PRP
on	IN
the	DT
outcome	NN
of	IN
taking	VBG
laxatives	NNS
.	.
Who	WP
is	VBZ
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
switched	VBN
to	TO
another	DT
form	NN
of	IN
bulimia	NN
?	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
jsut	NN
a	DT
guess	NN
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
say	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
think	VB
that	IN
one	CD
specific	JJ
thing	NN
would	MD
have	VB
prevented	VBN
me	PRP
from	IN
behaving	VBG
this	DT
way	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
Parents	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
try	VB
to	TO
take	VB
responsibility	NN
for	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
this	DT
will	MD
definitely	RB
make	VB
things	NNS
worse	JJR
,	,
although	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
common	JJ
,	,
natural	JJ
reaction	NN
for	IN
parents	NNS
to	TO
take	VB
.	.
The	DT
person	NN
with	IN
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
her	PRP$
responsibility	NN
.	.
A	DT
certain	JJ
distance	NN
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
parents	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
supportive	JJ
.	.
The	DT
parents	NNS
should	MD
always	RB
ask	VB
the	DT
daughter\/son	NN
how	WRB
they	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
,	,
never	RB
the	DT
therapist	NN
or	CC
clinic	NN
that	IN
she	PRP
attends	VBZ
.	.
This	DT
helps	VBZ
the	DT
person	NN
take	VB
an	DT
active	JJ
role	NN
in	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
person	NN
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
aware	JJ
of	IN
these	DT
things	NNS
initially	RB
,	,
so	RB
do	VBP
n't	RB
force	VB
answers	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
I	PRP
suffered	VBD
from	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
Bulimia	NN
for	IN
about	IN
3	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
am	VBP
still	RB
dealing	VBG
with	IN
some	DT
issues	NNS
surronding	VBG
them	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
came	VBD
from	IN
a	DT
small	JJ
town	NN
where	WRB
the	DT
doctors	NNS
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
blunt	JJ
,	,
were	VBD
clueless	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
might	MD
as	RB
well	RB
have	VB
stood	VBN
before	IN
my	PRP$
doctor	NN
with	IN
a	DT
sign	NN
on	IN
my	PRP$
forehead	NN
that	WDT
said	VBD
``	``
I	PRP
need	VBP
help	NN
''	''
and	CC
he	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
have	VB
seen	VBN
it	PRP
.	.
''	''
``	``
My	PRP$
bulimia	NN
could	MD
not	RB
have	VB
been	VBN
prevented	VBN
because	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
bulimia	NN
are	VBP
so	RB
good	JJ
at	IN
hiding	VBG
their	PRP$
disease	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
dentist	NN
never	RB
comments	VBZ
about	IN
the	DT
thinned	VBN
enamel	NN
on	IN
my	PRP$
teeth	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
though	IN
my	PRP$
current	JJ
physician	NN
noticed	VBD
it	PRP
!	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
My	PRP$
gynecologist	NN
doesnn	NN
'	''
t	NNS
know	VBP
the	DT
cause	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
irregular	JJ
and	CC
somethimes	NNS
absent	JJ
periods	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
old	JJ
doctor	NN
could	MD
n't	RB
figure	VB
out	RP
why	WRB
I	PRP
had	VBD
bleeding	VBG
ulcers	NNS
and	CC
colitis	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
self-inflicted	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
since	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
nineteen	VBN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
So	IN
you	PRP
people	NNS
who	WP
temporarily	RB
want	VBP
bulimia	NN
--	:
how	WRB
would	MD
you	PRP
like	VB
to	TO
vomit	VB
and	CC
shit	VB
blood	NN
.	.
Yeah	UH
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
really	RB
glamorous	JJ
controlling	VBG
your	PRP$
weight	NN
this	DT
way	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
''	''
``	``
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
really	RB
what	WP
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
could	MD
have	VB
done	VBN
to	TO
prevent	VB
this	DT
other	JJ
than	IN
sitting	VBG
down	RP
with	IN
me	PRP
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
younger	JJR
to	TO
talk	VB
about	IN
weight	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
what	WP
matters	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
inside	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
know	VB
for	IN
myself	PRP
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
communicated	VBN
my	PRP$
feelings	NNS
better	RBR
,	,
stop	VB
the	DT
cycle	NN
of	IN
trying	VBG
to	TO
please	VB
everyone	NN
else	RB
,	,
and	CC
actually	RB
let	VB
myself	PRP
feel	VB
pain	NN
and	CC
hurt	VB
emotions	NNS
rather	RB
than	IN
stuffing	VBG
them	PRP
inside	IN
and	CC
letting	VBG
my	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
become	VB
my	PRP$
viscous	JJ
cycle	NN
of	IN
releasing	VBG
my	PRP$
emotions	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
I	PRP
think	VBP
what	WP
will	MD
help	VB
in	IN
the	DT
prevention	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
is	VBZ
education	NN
that	IN
starts	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
elementary	JJ
,	,
middle	JJ
and	CC
high	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
THis	NNS
should	MD
include	VB
teachers	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
,	,
coaches	NNS
,	,
and	CC
health	NN
personnel	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
interested	JJ
in	IN
starting	VBG
a	DT
program	NN
in	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
school	NN
districts	NNS
where	WRB
I	PRP
live	VBP
that	IN
involve	VBP
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
awareness	NN
.	.
This	DT
could	MD
also	RB
extend	VB
to	TO
college	NN
campuses	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
,	,
and	CC
recently	RB
I	PRP
made	VBD
the	DT
decision	NN
to	TO
become	VB
more	RBR
involved	VBN
with	IN
helping	VBG
others	NNS
overcome	VBP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
put	VBN
my	PRP$
ED	NN
behind	IN
me	PRP
for	IN
years	NNS
,	,
trying	VBG
to	TO
forget	VB
it	PRP
ever	RB
happened	VBD
.	.
But	CC
now	RB
,	,
I	PRP
hope	VBP
to	TO
put	VB
my	PRP$
professional	JJ
and	CC
personal	JJ
experience	NN
to	TO
use	VB
in	IN
this	DT
area	NN
!	.
''	''
``	``
If	IN
an	DT
ED	NNP
is	VBZ
beginning	VBG
,	,
parents	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
stop	VB
focusing	VBG
on	IN
food	NN
.	.
This	DT
makes	VBZ
the	DT
child	NN
feel	VBP
even	RB
more	RBR
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
since	IN
food	NN
is	VBZ
seen	VBN
as	IN
their	PRP$
last	JJ
area	NN
of	IN
life	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
body	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
CAN	VBP
control	NN
.	.
Parents	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
ask	VB
their	PRP$
children	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
whatever	WDT
their	PRP$
age	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
about	IN
their	PRP$
feelings	NNS
.	.
``	``
i	FW
have	VBP
been	VBN
exploring	VBG
this	DT
internet	NN
site	NN
for	IN
a	DT
while	NN
now	RB
wondering	VBG
if	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
could	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
prevented	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
really	RB
sure	JJ
.	.
Maybe	RB
if	IN
my	PRP$
mom	NN
had	VBD
n't	RB
been	VBN
on	IN
every	DT
diet	NN
known	VBN
to	TO
man	NN
.	.
Maybe	RB
if	IN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
actually	RB
had	VBD
allowed	VBN
me	PRP
to	TO
tell	VB
them	PRP
what	WP
I	PRP
really	RB
felt	VBD
.	.
Maybe	RB
if	IN
they	PRP
had	VBD
told	VBN
me	PRP
it	PRP
was	VBD
okay	JJ
to	TO
feel	VB
.	.
Maybe	RB
if	IN
they	PRP
had	VBD
actually	RB
been	VBN
there	RB
and	CC
not	RB
forced	VBD
me	PRP
into	IN
a	DT
surrogate	JJ
mother	NN
role	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
sisters	NNS
.	.
Maybe	RB
if	IN
society	NN
did	VBD
n't	RB
tell	VB
girls	NNS
that	WDT
thin	JJ
is	VBZ
in	IN
and	CC
fat	JJ
is	VBZ
bad	JJ
.	.
Maybe	RB
if	IN
my	PRP$
self	NN
esteem	NN
had	VBD
been	VBN
higher	JJR
.	.
Maybe	RB
.	.
I	PRP
like	VBP
to	TO
think	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
recovery	NN
now	RB
and	CC
how	WRB
I	PRP
can	MD
get	VB
my	PRP$
life	NN
back	RB
from	IN
the	DT
anorexia	NN
that	WDT
stole	VBD
it	PRP
rather	RB
than	IN
how	WRB
it	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
prevented	VBN
.	.
But	CC
to	TO
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
not	RB
yet	RB
affected	VBN
,	,
just	RB
remember	VBP
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
so	RB
much	RB
more	JJR
to	TO
you	PRP
than	IN
your	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
only	RB
a	DT
number	NN
.	.
And	CC
to	TO
parents	NNS
of	IN
kids	NNS
,	,
listen	VBP
to	TO
them	PRP
,	,
let	VB
them	PRP
tell	VB
you	PRP
what	WP
they	PRP
really	RB
feel	VBP
no	DT
matter	NN
how	WRB
much	JJ
it	PRP
hurts	VBZ
because	IN
it	PRP
could	MD
save	VB
them	PRP
years	NNS
of	IN
hurt	NN
in	IN
the	DT
long	JJ
run	NN
.	.
''	''
It	PRP
hurt	VBD
to	TO
walk	VB
,	,
or	CC
sit	VB
,	,
I	PRP
lost	VBD
my	PRP$
period	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
vision	NN
detiorated	VBD
and	CC
I	PRP
lost	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
hair	NN
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
help	VB
myself	PRP
out	IN
of	IN
it	PRP
but	CC
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
out	RP
desperately	RB
.	.
Its	PRP$
difficult	JJ
dealing	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
anorexic	JJ
mind	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
eat	VB
normally	RB
so	RB
bad	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
self	NN
created	VBN
hell	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
yet	RB
for	IN
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
unwilling	JJ
to	TO
do	VB
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
footwork	NN
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
was	VBD
lucky	JJ
and	CC
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
put	VBP
me	PRP
in	IN
therapy	NN
.	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
a	DT
few	JJ
months	NNS
to	TO
change	VB
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
habits	NNS
at	IN
all	DT
but	CC
with	IN
fixing	VBG
my	PRP$
thinking	NN
came	VBD
a	DT
willingness	NN
and	CC
a	DT
self	NN
love	NN
that	WDT
allowed	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
begin	VB
eating	VBG
more	JJR
normally	RB
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
began	VBD
overeaters	NNS
anonymous	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
recovery	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
found	VBN
there	EX
is	VBZ
amazing	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
given	VBN
me	PRP
the	DT
day	NN
to	TO
day	NN
faith	NN
and	CC
tools	NNS
to	TO
recover	VB
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
not	RB
have	VB
done	VBN
it	PRP
without	IN
OA	NNP
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
attend	VBP
five	CD
meetings	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
,	,
therapy	NN
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
so	RB
grateful	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
quality	NN
of	IN
life	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
today	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
so	RB
grateful	JJ
I	PRP
can	MD
eat	VB
.	.
Starving	VBG
yourself	PRP
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
worst	JJS
psyical	JJ
and	CC
emotional	JJ
pains	NNS
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
exactly	RB
why	WRB
I	PRP
developed	VBD
my	PRP$
ED	NNP
.	.
Maybe	RB
it	PRP
was	VBD
my	PRP$
strive	VB
for	IN
perfection	NN
.	.
Maybe	RB
it	PRP
was	VBD
from	IN
being	VBG
molested	VBN
by	IN
my	PRP$
older	JJR
cousin	NN
.	.
Maybe	RB
it	PRP
was	VBD
from	IN
looking	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
and	CC
seeing	VBG
an	DT
athletic	JJ
,	,
muscular	JJ
build	VBP
instead	RB
of	IN
a	DT
slender	NN
,	,
model	NN
look	NN
.	.
Who	WP
knows	VBZ
?	.
All	DT
I	PRP
do	VBP
know	VB
is	VBZ
that	IN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
trouble	NN
and	CC
depressed	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
shut	VBD
off	RP
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
and	CC
still	RB
ca	MD
n't	RB
talk	VB
about	IN
my	PRP$
feelings	NNS
and	CC
emotions	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
I	PRP
wish	VBP
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
more	RBR
honest	JJ
.	.
Instead	RB
I	PRP
kept	VBD
laughing	VBG
and	CC
pretending	VBG
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
happy	JJ
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
hurting	VBG
so	RB
bad	JJ
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
finally	RB
got	VBD
the	DT
courage	NN
to	TO
tell	VB
my	PRP$
mother	NN
how	WRB
depressed	JJ
I	PRP
felt	VBD
-LRB-	-LRB-
almost	RB
suicidal	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
she	PRP
actually	RB
took	VBD
me	PRP
seriously	RB
.	.
If	IN
only	RB
I	PRP
'd	MD
been	VBN
able	JJ
to	TO
express	VB
myself	PRP
earlier	JJR
!	.
I	PRP
could	MD
've	VB
saved	VBN
myself	PRP
6	CD
long	JJ
years	NNS
of	IN
binging	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
!	.
''	''
``	``
But	CC
i	FW
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
if	IN
that	DT
is	VBZ
why	WRB
i	FW
began	VBD
starving	VBG
myself	PRP
.	.
.	.
but	CC
i	FW
do	VBP
know	VB
why	WRB
i	FW
continued	VBD
to	TO
starve	VB
myself	PRP
and	CC
why	WRB
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
begin	VB
again	RB
now	RB
...	:
My	PRP$
friends	NNS
left	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
.	.
everyone	NN
,	,
not	RB
able	JJ
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
the	DT
pressures	NNS
I	PRP
was	VBD
putting	VBG
them	PRP
through	IN
.	.
.	.
I	PRP
lost	VBD
trust	NN
in	IN
humanity	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
needed	VBD
an	DT
escape	NN
...	:
Freindship	NN
is	VBZ
important	JJ
...	:
If	IN
i	FW
could	MD
talk	VB
to	TO
any	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
so	RB
called	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
former	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
friends	NNS
I	PRP
would	MD
tell	VB
them	PRP
how	WRB
heartless	JJ
and	CC
gutless	JJ
they	PRP
were	VBD
...	:
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
humun	NN
being	VBG
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
skeletal	JJ
one	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
but	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
one	CD
...	:
The	DT
love	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
frineds	NNS
was	VBD
probally	RB
the	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
thing	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
gotten	VBN
,	,
I	PRP
still	RB
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
if	IN
they	PRP
think	VBP
about	IN
me	PRP
now	RB
...	:
guess	VB
i	FW
never	RB
will	MD
...	:
''	''
``	``
It	PRP
is	VBZ
always	RB
easiest	JJS
to	TO
blame	VB
others	NNS
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
wish	VB
to	TO
imply	VB
that	IN
my	PRP$
problems	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
are	VBP
someone	NN
else	RB
's	POS
fault	NN
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
come	VBP
from	IN
a	DT
family	NN
where	WRB
food	NN
and	CC
eating	NN
are	VBP
always	RB
bountiful	JJ
,	,
where	WRB
a	DT
``	``
good	JJ
''	''
meal	NN
sometimes	RB
lasts	VBZ
all	DT
day	NN
.	.
The	DT
seeds	NNS
were	VBD
sown	VBN
early	RB
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
eat	VB
heartily	RB
.	.
Just	RB
recently	RB
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
discovered	VBN
that	IN
I	PRP
eat	VBP
rather	RB
than	IN
expressing	VBG
my	PRP$
emotions	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
easier	JJR
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
feel	VB
the	DT
pain	NN
of	IN
a	DT
bloated	JJ
stomache	NN
than	IN
to	TO
feel	VB
the	DT
pain	NN
of	IN
loss	NN
or	CC
rejection	NN
or	CC
hurt	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
``	``
How	WRB
could	MD
my	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
prevented	VBN
?	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
know	VB
.	.
My	PRP$
problems	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
are	VBP
mine	JJ
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
learning	VBG
to	TO
honor	VB
what	WP
I	PRP
did	VBD
to	TO
survive	VB
some	DT
traumatic	JJ
experiences	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
overweight	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
guess	VBP
,	,
because	IN
I	PRP
choose	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
And	CC
that	DT
is	VBZ
okay	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
accept	VBP
myself	PRP
and	CC
am	VBP
learning	VBG
to	TO
love	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
also	RB
teaching	VBG
myself	PRP
how	WRB
to	TO
eat	VB
only	RB
when	WRB
hungry	JJ
,	,
to	TO
stop	VB
when	WRB
full	JJ
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
express	VB
my	PRP$
emotions	NNS
without	IN
food	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
learning	VBG
how	WRB
to	TO
communicate	VB
with	IN
myself	PRP
;	:
in	IN
the	DT
past	NN
,	,
I	PRP
coped	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
I	PRP
knew	VBD
how	WRB
to	TO
cope	VB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
learning	VBG
new	JJ
ways	NNS
now	RB
.	.
''	''
``	``
It	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
difficult	JJ
to	TO
get	VB
individuals	NNS
into	IN
treatment	NN
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
sooner	RBR
the	DT
better	JJR
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
person	NN
refused	VBD
treatment	NN
one	CD
week	NN
,	,
ask	VB
her	PRP$
again	RB
,	,
maybe	RB
the	DT
next	JJ
week	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
crucial	JJ
to	TO
let	VB
the	DT
person	NN
know	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
problem	NN
and	CC
that	IN
you	PRP
know	VBP
it	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
just	RB
go	VB
away	RB
by	IN
itself	PRP
.	.
Separation-individuation	NN
also	RB
seems	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
problem	NN
for	IN
most	JJS
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Children\/adolescents	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
supported	VBN
in	IN
their	PRP$
quest	NN
for	IN
autonomy	NN
.	.
Parents	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
willing	JJ
to	TO
enter	VB
therapy	NN
with	IN
the	DT
person	NN
with	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
``	``
There	EX
is	VBZ
hope	NN
though	IN
.	.
Those	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
with	IN
ed	VBN
's	POS
can	MD
support	VB
others	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
boat	NN
to	TO
get	VB
through	IN
this	DT
hell	NN
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
view	VB
and	CC
express	VB
our	PRP$
views	NNS
that	IN
psychological	JJ
help	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
sign	NN
of	IN
indulgence	NN
or	CC
weakness	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
lifesaving	VBG
tool	NN
teaching	NN
us	PRP
to	TO
come	VB
to	TO
terms	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
past	NN
and	CC
teaches	VBZ
us	PRP
to	TO
cope	VB
appropriately	RB
with	IN
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
refuse	VB
to	TO
perpetuate	VB
the	DT
dysfunction	NN
in	IN
our	PRP$
own	JJ
families	NNS
and	CC
go	VB
on	IN
with	IN
our	PRP$
own	JJ
lives	NNS
.	.
By	IN
ending	VBG
the	DT
cycle	NN
ourselves	PRP
,	,
and	CC
reaching	VBG
out	RP
to	TO
others	NNS
like	IN
ourselves	PRP
,	,
we	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
prevent	VB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
By	IN
coping	VBG
appropriately	RB
,	,
and	CC
teaching	NN
those	DT
around	IN
us	PRP
to	TO
do	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
,	,
we	PRP
can	MD
slowly	RB
but	CC
surely	RB
rid	VB
this	DT
world	NN
of	IN
all	DT
addictive	JJ
diseases	NNS
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
it	PRP
will	MD
take	VB
years	NNS
,	,
but	CC
if	IN
we	PRP
keep	VBP
going	VBG
the	DT
way	NN
we	PRP
are	VBP
it	PRP
'll	MD
only	RB
get	VB
worse	JJR
.	.
''	''
Dance	NNP
Teacher	NN
's	POS
house	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
She	PRP
let	VB
me	PRP
stay	VB
over	RP
so	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
a	DT
ride	NN
to	TO
ballet	NN
-	:
which	WDT
was	VBD
an	DT
hour	NN
away	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
when	WRB
we	PRP
were	VBD
driving	VBG
to	TO
dance	VB
she	PRP
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
getting	VBG
to	TO
thin	JJ
-	:
she	PRP
said	VBD
if	IN
I	PRP
got	VBD
any	DT
thinner	JJR
people	NNS
would	MD
think	VB
something	NN
was	VBD
wrong	JJ
with	IN
me	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
said	VBD
''	''
Karen	NNP
,	,
go	VB
home	NN
and	CC
weigh	VB
yourself	PRP
-	:
and	CC
whatever	WDT
it	PRP
is	VBZ
that	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
lowest	JJS
you	PRP
should	MD
weigh	VB
,	,
now	RB
wait	VB
and	CC
see	VB
what	WP
is	VBZ
your	PRP$
highest	JJS
.	.
Weight	NNP
can	MD
fluctuate	VB
a	DT
lot	NN
from	IN
day	NN
to	TO
day	NN
.	.
''	''
What	WP
she	PRP
said	VBD
was	VBD
invaluble	JJ
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
see	VB
there	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
limit	NN
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
deny	VB
weight	NN
was	VBD
n't	RB
important	JJ
-	:
just	RB
made	VBN
me	PRP
see	VB
that	IN
there	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
limit	NN
.	.
Of	IN
course	NN
then	RB
I	PRP
gained	VBD
some	DT
weight	NN
.	.
Then	RB
I	PRP
developed	VBD
bulimia	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
If	IN
only	RB
she	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
seen	VBN
the	DT
signs	NNS
to	TO
that	DT
!	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
throwing	VBG
up	RP
before	IN
but	CC
only	RB
on	IN
Christmas	NNP
and	CC
Thanksgiving	NNP
,	,
etc.	FW
,	,
but	CC
now	RB
I	PRP
was	VBD
throwing	VBG
up	RP
3-4	CD
times	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
.	.
Ivy	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
my	PRP$
teacher	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
fixed	VBN
my	PRP$
anorexia	NN
problem	NN
,	,
but	CC
of	IN
course	NN
I	PRP
still	RB
had	VBD
other	JJ
problems	NNS
with	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
etc	NN
,	,
I	PRP
wish	VBP
I	PRP
had	VBD
opened	VBN
up	RP
to	TO
her	PRP$
totally	RB
.	.
''	''
``	``
all	DT
I	PRP
really	RB
needed	VBD
anyone	NN
to	TO
do	VB
was	VBD
to	TO
tell	VB
me	PRP
that	IN
everything	NN
would	MD
be	VB
okay	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
problems	NNS
and	CC
let	VB
them	PRP
show	VB
in	IN
what	WP
i	FW
was	VBD
doing	VBG
and	CC
all	DT
I	PRP
was	VBD
told	VBN
was	VBD
to	TO
keep	VB
up	RP
apperances	NNS
.	.
That	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
worst	JJS
thing	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
''	''
``	``
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
blame	VB
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
for	IN
my	PRP$
disease	NN
but	CC
I	PRP
never	RB
felt	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
go	VB
to	TO
them	PRP
with	IN
my	PRP$
concerns	NNS
or	CC
problems	NNS
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
cried	VBD
their	PRP$
advise	VBP
was	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
a	DT
grip	NN
and	CC
deal	NN
with	IN
it	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
had	VBD
very	RB
high	JJ
expectations	NNS
and	CC
were	VBD
very	RB
critical	JJ
of	IN
anything	NN
they	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
approve	VB
of	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
friends	NNS
,	,
actions	NNS
,	,
looks	VBZ
,	,
behaviors	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
''	''
``	``
My	PRP$
friends	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
I	PRP
confided	VBD
in	IN
have	VBP
been	VBN
a	DT
great	JJ
source	NN
of	IN
comfort	NN
and	CC
encouragement	NN
to	TO
get	VB
well	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
know	VBP
but	CC
never	RB
mention	VB
it	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
make	VBP
comments	NNS
like	IN
''	''
You	PRP
've	VBP
lost	VBN
weight	NN
recently	RB
.	.
''	''
or	CC
''	''
How	WRB
long	RB
are	VBP
you	PRP
going	VBG
to	TO
diet	NN
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
have	VBP
read	VBN
what	WP
others	NNS
have	VBP
said	VBN
on	IN
your	PRP$
site	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
find	VB
myself	PRP
in	IN
anyone	NN
else	RB
's	POS
thoughts	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have\/am	VBP
suffer	VBP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ed\/ing	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
from	IN
eds	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
take	VBP
all	PDT
the	DT
resposibility	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
mother	NN
blames	VBZ
herself	PRP
because	IN
she	PRP
thinks	VBZ
she	PRP
gave	VBD
it	PRP
to	TO
me	PRP
because	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
victim	NN
as	IN
a	DT
teen-ager	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
believe	VB
it	PRP
.	.
i	FW
do	VBP
n't	RB
believe	VB
that	IN
she	PRP
caused	VBD
it	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
never	RB
put	VB
this	DT
on	IN
her	PRP$
shoulders	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
family	NN
is	VBZ
pretty	RB
typical	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
think	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
that	IN
my	PRP$
problems	NNS
are	VBP
my	PRP$
problems	NNS
and	CC
were	VBD
caused	VBN
by	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
always	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
fit	VB
in	IN
and	CC
always	RB
envied	VBD
other	JJ
people	NNS
and	CC
how	WRB
easily	RB
it	PRP
appeared	VBD
that	IN
they	PRP
could	MD
be	VB
liked	VBN
and	CC
be	VB
popular	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
think	VBP
that	IN
if	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
for	IN
my	PRP$
problem	NN
I	PRP
would	MD
just	RB
be	VB
and	CC
people	NNS
would	MD
n't	RB
pay	VB
attention	NN
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
guess	VBP
I	PRP
see	VBP
myself	PRP
as	IN
very	RB
selfish	JJ
and	CC
that	DT
is	VBZ
probably	RB
my	PRP$
problem	NN
talking	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
like	VB
to	TO
see	VB
my	PRP$
family	NN
hurt	VBD
becasue	NN
of	IN
me	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
tell	VBP
myself	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
get	VB
better	JJR
for	IN
them	PRP
but	CC
I	PRP
always	RB
fall	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
prevented	VBN
this	DT
and	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
anyone	NN
can	MD
be	VB
prevented	VBN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
probably	RB
not	RB
what	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
looking	VBG
for	IN
but	CC
I	PRP
just	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
write	VB
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
I	PRP
get	VB
better	JJR
and	CC
I	PRP
hope	VBP
everyone	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
suffering	VBG
gets	VBZ
better	JJR
.	.
''	''
California	NNP
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
15	CD
.	.
My	PRP$
dad	NN
had	VBD
gotten	VBN
a	DT
job	NN
there	RB
and	CC
we	PRP
stayed	VBD
for	IN
6	CD
months	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
we	PRP
came	VBD
back	RB
to	TO
New	NNP
Mexico	NNP
we	PRP
moved	VBD
into	IN
a	DT
trailor	NN
across	IN
the	DT
street	NN
from	IN
uncles	NNS
house	NN
...	:
My	PRP$
uncle	NN
always	RB
knew	VBD
when	WRB
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
where	WRB
gone	VBN
because	IN
they	PRP
always	RB
asked	VBD
him	PRP
and	CC
my	PRP$
aunt	NN
to	TO
keep	VB
an	DT
eye	NN
on	IN
the	DT
house	NN
...	:
He	PRP
would	MD
come	VB
over	IN
though	RB
and	CC
corner	VB
me	PRP
...	:
and	CC
other	JJ
stuff	NN
.	.
By	IN
the	DT
time	NN
we	PRP
moved	VBD
back	RB
from	IN
california	NN
i	FW
was	VBD
16	CD
.	.
I	PRP
knew	VBD
what	WP
my	PRP$
uncle	NN
was	VBD
doing	VBG
to	TO
me	PRP
was	VBD
wrong	JJ
so	RB
about	IN
6	CD
months	NNS
after	IN
it	PRP
began	VBD
I	PRP
told	VBD
my	PRP$
cousin	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
a	DT
year	NN
older	JJR
than	IN
i	FW
am	VBP
about	IN
what	WP
her	PRP$
dad	NN
had	VBD
been	VBN
doing	VBG
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
We	PRP
were	VBD
at	IN
school	NN
.	.
.	.
She	PRP
told	VBD
me	PRP
it	PRP
was	VBD
perfectly	RB
ok	VB
that	DT
her	PRP$
dad	NN
had	VBD
been	VBN
doing	VBG
it	PRP
to	TO
her	PRP$
and	CC
her	PRP$
sisters	NNS
all	DT
there	EX
lives	VBZ
.	.
That	DT
was	VBD
a	DT
slap	NN
in	IN
the	DT
face	NN
!	.
So	RB
i	FW
kept	VBD
quite	RB
.	.
Sometime	RB
when	WRB
i	FW
was	VBD
17	CD
one	CD
of	IN
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
called	VBN
right	RB
after	IN
my	PRP$
uncle	NN
had	VBD
left	VBN
the	DT
house	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
why	WRB
but	CC
it	PRP
all	RB
just	RB
spilled	VBN
out	RP
i	FW
told	VBD
him	PRP
every	DT
thing	NN
my	PRP$
uncle	NN
had	VBD
done	VBN
to	TO
me	PRP
...	:
The	DT
next	JJ
day	NN
my	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
called	VBD
me	PRP
...	:
then	RB
a	DT
priest	NN
from	IN
her	PRP$
church	NN
...	:
then	RB
a	DT
DA	NNP
then	RB
yet	RB
another	DT
DA	NNP
.	.
Every	DT
thing	NN
snowed	VBD
balled	VBN
and	CC
I	PRP
felt	VBD
I	PRP
had	VBD
lost	VBN
control	NN
.	.
Up	IN
until	IN
I	PRP
told	VBD
my	PRP$
mom	NN
and	CC
dad	NN
what	WDT
had	VBD
happened	VBN
and	CC
why	WRB
it	PRP
happened	VBD
I	PRP
had	VBD
only	RB
been	VBN
starving	VBG
myself	PRP
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
look	VB
good	JJ
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
feel	VB
good	JJ
and	CC
present	JJ
``	``
happiness	NN
''	''
,	,
spirit	NN
and	CC
self	NN
confidence	NN
.	.
And	CC
what	WP
helps	VBZ
me	PRP
achieve	VB
my	PRP$
presentation	NN
is	VBZ
internal	JJ
,	,
physical	JJ
emptiness	NN
.	.
I	PRP
like	VBP
to	TO
feel	VB
my	PRP$
bones	NNS
stick	VBP
out	RP
,	,
not	RB
my	PRP$
stomach	NN
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
fully	RB
visible	JJ
sticking	VBG
out	RP
cheekbones	NNS
like	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
models	NNS
,	,
and	CC
not	RB
my	PRP$
stupid	JJ
donut	NN
face	NN
.	.
I	PRP
wish	VBP
someone	NN
would	MD
suck	VB
out	RP
all	PDT
the	DT
fat	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
need	VBP
it	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
happy	JJ
.	.
Why	WRB
ca	MD
n't	RB
they	PRP
understand	VBP
?	.
''	''
``	``
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
treated	VBN
my	PRP$
problem	NN
as	IN
a	DT
self-induced	JJ
desired	VBN
attribute	NN
,	,
rather	RB
then	RB
a	DT
emotional	JJ
and	CC
physical	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
They	PRP
critisized	VBD
me	PRP
and	CC
ridiculed	VBD
my	PRP$
habits	NNS
as	IN
if	IN
they	PRP
knew	VBD
more	RBR
then	RB
I	PRP
did	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
realized	VBD
i	FW
needed	VBN
help	NN
but	CC
i	FW
was	VBD
n't	RB
sure	JJ
where	WRB
to	TO
turn	VB
.	.
Financial	NNP
difficulties	NNS
added	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
pressure	NN
of	IN
giving	VBG
up	RP
on	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
did	VBD
n't	RB
understand	VB
my	PRP$
disorder	NN
nor	CC
did	VBD
they	PRP
try	VBP
,	,
they	PRP
were	VBD
ignorant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
severity	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
refused	VBD
to	TO
become	VB
educated	VBN
.	.
My	PRP$
only	JJ
wish	NN
was	VBD
for	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
try	VB
to	TO
understand	VB
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
what	WP
they	PRP
thought	VBD
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
reality	NN
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
suffer	VBP
from	IN
relapses	NNS
and	CC
as	IN
to	TO
my	PRP$
knowledge	NN
my	PRP$
parent	NN
are	VBP
unaware	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
i	FW
my	PRP$
find	VB
the	DT
courage	NN
to	TO
seek	VB
help	NN
somewhere	RB
sometime	RB
in	IN
the	DT
near	JJ
future	NN
.	.
For	IN
all	DT
you	PRP
parents	NNS
out	IN
there	RB
-	:
research	NN
this	DT
disease	NN
before	IN
you	PRP
talk	VBP
to	TO
your	PRP$
child	NN
,	,
hear	VB
her	PRP
out	RP
,	,
love	VB
her	PRP$
and	CC
support	VB
her	PRP
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
complex	JJ
problem	NN
that	WDT
should	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
taken	VBN
lightly	RB
.	.
If	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
had	VBD
been	VBN
properly	RB
attended	VBD
to	TO
long	RB
ago	RB
,	,
i	FW
would	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
having	VBG
relapses	NNS
like	IN
so	RB
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
anyone	NN
can	MD
overcome	VB
this	DT
,	,
but	CC
alone	RB
its	PRP$
much	JJ
harder	JJR
.	.
''	''
``	``
No	DT
matter	NN
how	WRB
I	PRP
scream	VBP
inside	IN
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
stop	VB
.	.
To	TO
`	``
Just	RB
go	VB
away	RB
,	,
just	RB
go	VB
away	RB
from	IN
here	RB
'	''
and	CC
`	``
Leave	VB
to	TO
a	DT
better	JJR
place	NN
'	''
...	:
But	CC
what	WP
better	JJR
place	NN
is	VBZ
there	RB
?	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
like	IN
there	EX
's	VBZ
two	CD
of	IN
me	PRP
.	.
One	CD
is	VBZ
the	DT
disease	NN
me	PRP
.	.
The	DT
bulimic	JJ
me	PRP
.	.
The	DT
other	JJ
one	CD
is	VBZ
,	,
well	RB
,	,
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
normal	JJ
one	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Plead	VB
with	IN
myself	PRP
to	TO
go	VB
away	RB
and	CC
get	VB
out	IN
of	IN
there	RB
.	.
I	PRP
scream	VBP
and	CC
hollar	VBP
in	IN
my	PRP$
inner	JJ
concience	NN
.	.
The	DT
bulimic	JJ
one	CD
tells	VBZ
the	DT
other	JJ
one	CD
to	TO
shut	VB
up	RP
and	CC
go	VB
away	RB
.	.
I	PRP
say	VBP
I	PRP
am	VBP
no	DT
good	JJ
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
deserve	VBP
no	DT
more	JJR
than	IN
I	PRP
get	VBP
.	.
Eventually	RB
,	,
the	DT
bad	JJ
one	CD
takes	VBZ
over	RP
and	CC
the	DT
real	JJ
me	PRP
is	VBZ
so	RB
beaten	JJ
and	CC
afraid	JJ
to	TO
come	VB
out	RP
that	IN
I	PRP
just	RB
shy	VBP
away	RB
into	IN
the	DT
corner	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
when	WRB
things	NNS
get	VBP
really	RB
bad	JJ
and	CC
tough	JJ
and	CC
i	FW
can	MD
no	RB
longer	RB
control	VB
it	PRP
.	.
The	DT
bulimic	JJ
me	PRP
shines	VBZ
out	RP
and	CC
I	PRP
now	RB
say	VBP
out	RP
loud	JJ
the	DT
things	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
bulimic	JJ
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
inwardly	RB
all	DT
day	NN
long	RB
.	.
These	DT
are	VBP
not	RB
some	DT
voices	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
hearing	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
heart	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
soul	NN
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
so	RB
damaged	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
hurts	VBZ
so	RB
bad	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
father	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
absolute	JJ
jerk	NN
.	.
he	PRP
only	RB
cares	VBZ
about	IN
himself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
no	RB
longer	RBR
matrter	FW
ot	FW
him	PRP
.	.
To	TO
this	DT
day	NN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
still	RB
can	MD
not	RB
see	VB
the	DT
signs	NNS
or	CC
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
looking	VBG
for	IN
them	PRP
on	IN
purpose	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBD
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
for	IN
many	JJ
years	NNS
and	CC
it	PRP
got	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
point	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
hit	VBP
bottom	JJ
so	IN
I	PRP
told	VBD
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
about	IN
it	PRP
.	.
To	TO
my	PRP$
surprise	NN
they	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
idea	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
and	CC
also	RB
were	VBD
not	RB
even	RB
aware	JJ
of	IN
early	JJ
signs	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
talked	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
shared	VBD
with	IN
them	PRP
all	PDT
the	DT
early	JJ
warning	NN
signs	NNS
,	,
but	CC
to	TO
this	DT
day	NN
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
recognize	VB
them	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
think	VBP
I	PRP
am	VBP
well	RB
now	RB
as	IN
does	VBZ
my	PRP$
boyfriend	NN
,	,
but	CC
little	RB
do	VBP
they	PRP
know	VBP
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
.	.
Even	RB
though	IN
parents	NNS
know	VBP
the	DT
warning	NN
signs	NNS
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
look	VB
for	IN
them	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
only	JJ
wish	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
parents	NNS
,	,
relatives	NNS
and	CC
friends	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
more	RBR
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
signs	NNS
and	CC
really	RB
see	VB
them	PRP
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
I	PRP
wish	VBP
parents	NNS
would	MD
not	RB
believe	VB
a	DT
person	NN
when	WRB
they	PRP
say	VBP
they	PRP
are	VBP
fine	JJ
.	.
Everyday	JJ
I	PRP
tell	VBP
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
I	PRP
am	VBP
fine	JJ
,	,
but	CC
inside	IN
I	PRP
just	RB
wish	VBP
they	PRP
would	MD
discover	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
.	.
It	PRP
seems	VBZ
obvious	JJ
to	TO
me	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
and	CC
I	PRP
think	VBP
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
to	TO
others	NNS
if	IN
they	PRP
just	RB
LOOK	VBP
harder	RBR
.	.
So	IN
my	PRP$
advise	VB
to	TO
prevent	VB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
make	VB
everyone	NN
aware	JJ
of	IN
early	JJ
warning	NN
signs	NNS
and	CC
tell	VB
people	NNS
to	TO
look	VB
harder	JJR
at	IN
a	DT
person	NN
if	IN
they	PRP
suspect	VBP
anything	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
:	:
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
blaming	VBG
this	DT
on	IN
them	PRP
,	,
but	CC
i	FW
think	VBP
they	PRP
could	MD
be	VB
a	DT
little	RB
more	RBR
comforting	JJ
just	RB
with	IN
general	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
for	IN
example	NN
if	IN
i	FW
was	VBD
upset	JJ
cause	NN
i	FW
had	VBD
a	DT
bad	JJ
day	NN
at	IN
school	NN
and	CC
then	RB
i	FW
proceeded	VBD
to	TO
talk	VB
about	IN
it	PRP
to	TO
my	PRP$
mother	NN
,	,
she	PRP
'd	MD
tell	VB
me	PRP
i	FW
should	MD
have	VB
done	VBN
this	DT
and	CC
this	DT
to	TO
prevent	VB
whatever	WDT
the	DT
thing	NN
was	VBD
;	:
she	PRP
'd	MD
lecture	VB
me	PRP
.	.
then	RB
she	PRP
'd	MD
tell	VB
me	PRP
to	TO
stop	VB
complaining	VBG
and	CC
that	IN
my	PRP$
attitude	NN
was	VBD
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
problem	NN
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
the	DT
problem	NN
would	MD
be	VB
totally	RB
irelevant	JJ
to	TO
that	DT
.	.
i	FW
wish	NN
that	IN
as	IN
she	PRP
listened	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
troubles	NNS
she	PRP
'd	MD
speak	VB
comforting	JJ
words	NNS
and	CC
let	VB
me	PRP
cry	VB
on	IN
her	PRP$
shoulder	NN
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
mean	VB
i	FW
was	VBD
weak	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
'd	MD
just	RB
be	VB
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
venting	VBG
.	.
so	RB
instead	RB
i	FW
would	MD
not	RB
tell	VB
her	PRP$
my	PRP$
troubles	NNS
,	,
i	FW
'd	MD
just	RB
put	VB
on	RP
a	DT
frosty	JJ
attitude	NN
when	WRB
i	FW
came	VBD
home	NN
and	CC
eat	VB
a	DT
couple	NN
bowls	VBZ
of	IN
ice	NN
cream	NN
and	CC
maybe	RB
chips	NNS
.	.
then	RB
i	FW
'd	MD
feel	VB
so	RB
fat	JJ
i	FW
'd	MD
go	VB
and	CC
throw	VB
up	RP
,	,
it	PRP
almost	RB
felt	VBD
good	JJ
.	.
''	''
``	``
Allow	VB
people	NNS
to	TO
speak	VB
,	,
to	TO
communicate	VB
,	,
about	IN
what	WP
they	PRP
're	VBP
feeling	VBG
.	.
And	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
call	VB
them	PRP
``	``
whiners	NNS
''	''
when	WRB
they	PRP
're	VBP
actually	RB
just	RB
speaking	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
heart	NN
,	,
about	IN
issues	NNS
concerning	VBG
them	PRP
,	,
overwhelming	JJ
them	PRP
.	.
Getting	VBG
those	DT
feelings	NNS
out	RP
,	,
dealing	VBG
with	IN
them	PRP
,	,
and	CC
having	VBG
people	NNS
accept	VB
them	PRP
is	VBZ
so	RB
important	JJ
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
'd	MD
been	VBN
able	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
honest	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
child	NN
,	,
maybe	RB
I	PRP
would	MD
've	VB
been	VBN
more	RBR
honest	JJ
about	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
as	IN
an	DT
adult	NN
.	.
''	''
Right	RB
now	RB
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
pretty	RB
stable	JJ
.	.
What	WP
keeps	VBZ
me	PRP
going	VBG
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
children	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
hand	VB
my	PRP$
son	NN
or	CC
my	PRP$
daughter	NN
this	DT
horrible	JJ
legacy	NN
.	.
That	DT
means	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
things	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
never	RB
taught	VBN
...	:
let	VB
my	PRP$
daughter	NN
go	VB
on	IN
vacation	NN
with	IN
grandma	NN
...	:
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
shelter	NN
her	PRP$
from	IN
the	DT
world	NN
and	CC
being	VBG
street	NN
smart	JJ
is	VBZ
a	DT
life	NN
long	RB
process	NN
...	:
my	PRP$
son	NN
will	MD
go	VB
to	TO
camp	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
run	VBN
by	IN
strangers	NNS
this	DT
summer	NN
.	.
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Oh	UH
God	NNP
...	:
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
allowed	VBN
to	TO
throw	VB
tantrums	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
rooms	NNS
and	CC
allowed	VBN
to	TO
argue	VB
and	CC
work	VB
out	RP
their	PRP$
own	JJ
differences	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
respect	VBP
their	PRP$
right	NN
to	TO
feel	VB
and	CC
say	VB
what	WP
they	PRP
want	VBP
...	:
tempered	VBN
with	IN
watching	VBG
their	PRP$
tone	NN
of	IN
voice	NN
...	:
I	PRP
wish	VBP
that	IN
things	NNS
had	VBD
never	RB
happened	VBN
,	,
but	CC
they	PRP
did	VBD
...	:
and	CC
making	VBG
their	PRP$
world	NN
very	RB
small	JJ
by	IN
smothering	VBG
them	PRP
is	VBZ
only	RB
repeating	VBG
the	DT
process	NN
...	:
thanks	NNS
for	IN
listening	VBG
...	:
''	''
``	``
Feelings	NNS
were	VBD
not	RB
allowed	VBN
in	IN
my	PRP$
house	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
growing	VBG
up	RP
.	.
Especially	RB
anger	NN
.	.
So	IN
I	PRP
swallowed	VBD
it	PRP
.	.
And	CC
it	PRP
ate	VBD
away	RB
at	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
no	DT
one	NN
felt	VBD
anger	NN
.	.
That	DT
there	EX
was	VBD
something	NN
wrong	JJ
with	IN
me	PRP
.	.
That	IN
it	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
a	DT
bad	JJ
person	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
mom	NN
completely	RB
shut	VBD
down	RP
in	IN
the	DT
presence	NN
of	IN
any	DT
emotions	NNS
.	.
Good	JJ
or	CC
bad	JJ
.	.
So	IN
I	PRP
learned	VBD
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
me	PRP
,	,
to	TO
put	VB
up	RP
a	DT
front	NN
.	.
To	TO
keep	VB
her	PRP$
happy	JJ
and	CC
relaxed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
grew	VBD
up	RP
with	IN
contradictions	NNS
--	:
do	VBP
n't	RB
be	VB
pretentious	JJ
,	,
but	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
be	VB
low-class	JJ
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
eat	VB
too	RB
much	RB
,	,
but	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
starve	VB
yourself	PRP
.	.
Be	VB
a	DT
woman	NN
,	,
but	CC
remain	VBP
my	PRP$
little	JJ
girl	NN
.	.
Leave	VB
,	,
but	CC
stay	VB
.	.
Go	VB
,	,
but	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
.	.
Be	VB
yourself	PRP
,	,
but	CC
be	VB
exactly	RB
the	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
Normal	JJ
but	CC
better	RBR
.	.
Tell	VB
me	PRP
the	DT
truth	NN
,	,
but	CC
make	VBP
sure	JJ
it	PRP
is	VBZ
what	WP
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
hear	VB
.	.
Nobody	NN
said	VBD
life	NN
would	MD
be	VB
easy	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
have	VB
your	PRP$
cake	NN
and	CC
eat	VB
it	PRP
too	RB
.	.
Or	CC
can	MD
you	PRP
?	.
''	''
``	``
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
buliemic	JJ
since	IN
age	NN
13	CD
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
saw	VBD
signs	NNS
during	IN
my	PRP$
teenage	JJ
years	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
,	,
if	IN
dealt	VBN
with	IN
could	MD
have	VB
prevented	VBN
further	JJ
years	NNS
of	IN
bulimia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
understand	VBP
their	PRP$
fears	NNS
and	CC
hopes	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
go	VB
away	RB
on	IN
its	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
27	CD
and	CC
in	IN
therapy	NN
for	IN
the	DT
initial	JJ
abuse	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
I	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
it	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
work	VBP
hard	RB
to	TO
support	VB
me	PRP
in	IN
my	PRP$
efforts	NNS
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
for	IN
others	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
hope	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
we	PRP
can	MD
learn	VB
that	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
serious	JJ
,	,
not	RB
a	DT
passing	VBG
thing	NN
,	,
needing	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
address	NN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
''	''
``	``
When	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
around	RB
14	CD
a	DT
friend	NN
of	IN
mine	JJ
asked	VBD
me	PRP
how	WRB
I	PRP
managed	VBD
to	TO
stay	VB
slim	JJ
when	WRB
I	PRP
ate	VBD
so	RB
much	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
told	VBD
her	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
just	RB
brought	VBD
it	PRP
back	RB
.	.
She	PRP
said	VBD
to	TO
me	PRP
``	``
what	WP
a	DT
lucky	JJ
person	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
do	VB
that	DT
''	''
.	.
The	DT
sad	JJ
thing	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
know	VB
that	IN
as	IN
a	DT
direct	JJ
result	NN
of	IN
this	DT
thing	NN
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
to	TO
have	VB
most	JJS
of	IN
my	PRP$
teeth	NNS
capped	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
26	CD
and	CC
that	DT
my	PRP$
life	NN
would	MD
be	VB
dominated	VBN
by	IN
food	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
that	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
'd	MD
known	VBN
about	IN
the	DT
damage	NN
to	TO
my	PRP$
teeth	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
resulting	VBG
crippling	JJ
effect	NN
on	IN
my	PRP$
social	JJ
and	CC
working	JJ
life	NN
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
addressed	VBN
the	DT
problem	NN
much	RB
earlier	RBR
.	.
``	``
In	IN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
ways	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
believe	VB
that	IN
my	PRP$
ed	VBN
could	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
prevented	VBN
,	,
unless	IN
I	PRP
started	VBD
over	IN
from	IN
birth	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
an	DT
accumulation	NN
of	IN
so	RB
many	JJ
different	JJ
things	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
some	DT
things	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
have	VB
helped	VBN
prevent	VB
it	PRP
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
child	NN
,	,
I	PRP
learned	VBD
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
Ok	VB
to	TO
be	VB
sad	JJ
or	CC
depressed	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
believed	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
suffered	VBD
from	IN
depression	NN
as	IN
a	DT
child	NN
,	,
but	CC
no	DT
one	NN
noticed	VBD
,	,
or	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
criticized	VBN
for	IN
feeling	NN
this	DT
way	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
suffered	VBD
from	IN
a	DT
chronically	RB
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
it	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
bunch	NN
of	IN
things	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
guess	VBP
the	DT
biggest	JJS
thing	NN
was	VBD
probably	RB
society	NN
's	POS
respect	NN
and	CC
admiration	NN
of	IN
the	DT
thin	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
remember	VB
watching	VBG
tv	NN
as	IN
a	DT
child	NN
seeing	VBG
beautiful	JJ
THIN	NNP
actresses	NNS
on	IN
shows	NNS
and	CC
wanting	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
like	IN
them	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
had	VBD
two	CD
thin	JJ
sisters	NNS
who	WP
were	VBD
constantly	RB
watching	VBG
what	WP
they	PRP
ate	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
always	RB
felt	VBD
that	IN
if	IN
they	PRP
think	VBP
they	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
watch	VB
what	WP
they	PRP
eat	VBP
,	,
then	RB
I	PRP
should	MD
probably	RB
watch	VB
what	WP
i	FW
eat	VB
too	RB
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
middle	JJ
school	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
little	JJ
bit	NN
oveweight	NN
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
in	IN
highschool	JJ
I	PRP
grew	VBD
taller	JJR
and	CC
became	VBD
very	RB
thin	JJ
,	,
and	CC
suddenly	RB
everyone	NN
wanted	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
around	IN
me	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
received	VBD
a	DT
ton	NN
of	IN
attention	NN
.	.
This	DT
praise	NN
I	PRP
received	VBD
for	IN
being	VBG
thin	JJ
fueled	VBD
my	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
And	CC
now	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
college	NN
I	PRP
long	RB
for	IN
that	DT
praise	NN
and	CC
admiration	NN
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
people	NNS
to	TO
tell	VB
me	PRP
how	WRB
thin	JJ
I	PRP
am	VBP
etc.	FW
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
almost	RB
sick	JJ
.	.
Society	NNP
has	VBZ
taught	VBN
me	PRP
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
higher	JJR
compliment	NN
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
than	IN
smart	JJ
or	CC
funny	JJ
etc.	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
if	IN
society	NN
did	VBD
not	RB
praise	VB
the	DT
thin	JJ
so	RB
much	RB
than	IN
losing	VBG
weight	NN
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
an	DT
issue	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
But	CC
,	,
unfortunately	RB
that	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
case	NN
,	,
and	CC
until	IN
I	PRP
recover	VBP
from	IN
my	PRP$
e.d.	FW
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
food	NN
I	PRP
consume	VBP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
time	NN
I	PRP
spend	VBP
exercising	VBG
are	VBP
probably	RB
the	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
thoughts	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
head	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
It	PRP
never	RB
occurred	VBD
to	TO
me	PRP
that	IN
so	RB
many	JJ
people	NNS
out	IN
there	EX
were	VBD
seeking	VBG
as	RB
much	JJ
validation	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
grew	VBD
up	RP
trying	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
perfect	JJ
in	IN
every	DT
way	NN
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
everything	NN
possible	JJ
in	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
,	,
and	CC
now	RB
am	VBP
graduting	VBG
college	NN
,	,
with	IN
about	IN
a	DT
hundred	CD
activities	NNS
on	IN
my	PRP$
resume	VB
.	.
But	CC
no	DT
one	NN
ev	FW
er	FW
said	VBD
``	``
I	PRP
'm	VBP
proud	JJ
of	IN
you	PRP
''	''
or	CC
``	``
wow	NN
,	,
you	PRP
've	VBP
accomplished	VBN
a	DT
lot	NN
.	.
''	''
So	IN
I	PRP
took	VBD
this	DT
as	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
do	VB
more	JJR
.	.
And	CC
what	WP
it	PRP
ultimately	RB
came	VBD
down	RB
to	TO
was	VBD
my	PRP$
weight	NN
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
my	PRP$
weight	NN
that	IN
everybody	NN
was	VBD
so	RB
displeased	JJ
with	IN
,	,
that	DT
was	VBD
what	WP
was	VBD
holding	VBG
me	PRP
back	RB
and	CC
no	DT
one	PRP
would	MD
look	VB
at	IN
anything	NN
else	RB
unless	IN
I	PRP
lost	VBD
it	PRP
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
did	VBD
lose	VB
it	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
kept	VBD
losing	VBG
it	PRP
,	,
and	CC
along	IN
with	IN
the	DT
weight	NN
I	PRP
lost	VBD
control	NN
over	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
through	IN
bulimia	NN
.	.
Bulimia	NN
consumed	VBN
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
the	DT
planning	NN
,	,
the	DT
plotting	VBG
,	,
a	DT
nd	NN
the	DT
b\/p	JJ
ing	NN
.	.
But	CC
no	DT
one	NN
knew	VBD
,	,
no	DT
one	NN
noticed	VBD
,	,
all	DT
they	PRP
noticed	VBD
is	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
looked	VBD
good	JJ
.	.
No	DT
one	NN
ever	RB
said	VBD
to	TO
me	PRP
I	PRP
think	VBP
you	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
never	RB
beleived	VBD
I	PRP
had	VBD
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
needed	VBD
the	DT
approval	NN
of	IN
an	DT
outsider	NN
to	TO
tell	VB
me	PRP
I	PRP
had	VBD
bulimia	NN
,	,
before	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
say	VB
it	PRP
myself	PRP
and	CC
believe	VB
it	PRP
and	CC
take	VB
it	PRP
on	IN
to	TO
fight	VB
it	PRP
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
tried	VBD
to	TO
commit	VB
suicide	NN
because	IN
no	DT
one	NN
was	VBD
hearing	VBG
me	PRP
,	,
no	DT
one	NN
was	VBD
caring	VBG
,	,
no	DT
one	NN
was	VBD
listening	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
have	VB
a	DT
home	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
felt	VBD
that	IN
since	IN
no	DT
one	NN
cared	VBD
tenough	JJ
to	TO
notice	VB
the	DT
bulimia	NN
,	,
no	DT
one	PRP
would	MD
miss	VB
me	PRP
.	.
And	CC
so	RB
to	TO
validate	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
help	NN
,	,
I	PRP
attempted	VBD
.	.
NOW	RB
,	,
everybody	NN
is	VBZ
hearing	VBG
and	CC
listening	VBG
and	CC
caring	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
getting	VBG
better	RB
now	RB
,	,
but	CC
there	EX
are	VBP
other	JJ
ways	NNS
out	IN
.	.
It	PRP
takes	VBZ
a	DT
strong	JJ
person	NN
to	TO
see	VB
the	DT
problem	NN
in	IN
themselves	PRP
,	,
find	VB
the	DT
treatment	NN
,	,
and	CC
confide	VB
in	IN
your	PRP$
friends	NNS
,	,
your	PRP$
family	NN
or	CC
your	PRP$
counselor	NN
,	,
whta	JJ
you	PRP
REALLY	RB
feel	VBP
.	.
People	NNS
do	VBP
care	VB
and	CC
people	NNS
are	VBP
on	IN
your	PRP$
side	NN
,	,
by	IN
coming	VBG
to	TO
this	DT
web	NN
page	NN
,	,
you	PRP
've	VBP
taken	VBN
the	DT
first	JJ
step	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
it	PRP
,	,
and	CC
your	PRP$
not	RB
alone	RB
!	.
''	''
``	``
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
could	MD
have	VB
done	VBN
nothing	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
because	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
too	RB
tied	VBN
up	RP
in	IN
dysfunction	NN
to	TO
know	VB
that	IN
their	PRP$
daughter	NN
was	VBD
killing	VBG
herself	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
acknowledge	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
problem	NN
,	,
so	IN
they	PRP
deny	VBP
that	IN
their	PRP$
daughter	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
problem	NN
.	.
All	DT
they	PRP
have	VBP
ever	RB
wanted	VBN
to	TO
see	VB
was	VBD
the	DT
``	``
perfect	JJ
good-girl	NN
''	''
.	.
That	DT
's	VBZ
why	WRB
I	PRP
've	VBP
worked	VBN
since	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
fourteen	CD
,	,
practiced	VBD
guitar	NN
until	IN
my	PRP$
fingers	NNS
bled	VBD
,	,
double	JJ
majored	VBD
in	IN
college	NN
,	,
completed	VBN
my	PRP$
paramedic	NN
training	NN
in	IN
half	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
most	JJS
people	NNS
take	VBP
,	,
write	VBP
,	,
teach	VBP
,	,
try	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
the	DT
perfect	JJ
wife	NN
,	,
have	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
number	NN
one	CD
at	IN
everything	NN
I	PRP
do	VBP
and	CC
do	VBP
it	PRP
with	IN
a	DT
smile	NN
.	.
Only	RB
perfect	JJ
good	JJ
girls	NNS
are	VBP
worthy	JJ
of	IN
being	VBG
loved	VBN
by	IN
parents	NNS
who	WP
really	RB
do	VBP
n't	RB
even	RB
love	VB
themselves	PRP
.	.
''	''
The	DT
environment	NN
surrounding	VBG
food	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
issues	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
family	NN
can	MD
play	VB
a	DT
role	NN
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
that	IN
kids	NNS
learn	VBP
to	TO
eat	VB
healthfully	RB
and	CC
that	DT
food	NN
is	VBZ
nothing	NN
more	JJR
than	IN
an	DT
enjoyable	JJ
means	NNS
of	IN
energy	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
.	.
Probably	RB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
biggest	JJS
mistakes	NNS
made	VBN
with	IN
kids	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
issues	NNS
surrounding	VBG
food	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
equate	VB
food	NN
with	IN
emotion	NN
.	.
Food	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
love	VB
,	,
pride	NN
,	,
sadness	NN
or	CC
a	DT
friend	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
something	NN
our	PRP$
bodies	NNS
need	VBP
for	IN
fuel	NN
to	TO
keep	VB
us	PRP
healthy	JJ
and	CC
strong	JJ
.	.
Children	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
comforted	VBN
with	IN
hugs	NNS
,	,
communication	NN
and	CC
validation	NN
,	,
and	CC
spending	NN
time	NN
with	IN
them	PRP
until	IN
they	PRP
feel	VBP
better	RB
.	.
They	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
cry	VB
when	WRB
they	PRP
feel	VBP
hurt	VBN
or	CC
sad	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
yell	VB
when	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
angry	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
just	RB
need	VB
something	NN
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
uncommon	JJ
for	IN
food	NN
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
punishment	NN
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
with	IN
a	DT
statement	NN
like	IN
,	,
``	``
you	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
have	VB
anything	NN
to	TO
eat	VB
until	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
what	WP
I	PRP
said	VBD
.	.
''	''
Kids	NNS
ask	VBP
to	TO
eat	VB
because	IN
of	IN
their	PRP$
natural	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
hunger	NN
.	.
Corrupting	VBG
this	DT
by	IN
forcing	VBG
them	PRP
to	TO
unreasonably	RB
wait	VB
will	MD
destroy	VB
their	PRP$
ability	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
when	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
really	RB
hungry	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
common	JJ
for	IN
all	DT
parents	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
statements	NNS
like	IN
``	``
you	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
leave	VB
the	DT
table	NN
until	IN
you	PRP
finish	VBP
what	WP
is	VBZ
on	IN
your	PRP$
plate	NN
.	.
''	''
Realistically	RB
,	,
arguing	VBG
about	IN
eating	VBG
everything	NN
on	IN
a	DT
child	NN
's	POS
plate	NN
is	VBZ
ridiculous	JJ
and	CC
unnecessary	JJ
.	.
Fighting	NN
over	IN
meals	NNS
creates	VBZ
more	JJR
harm	NN
than	IN
good	JJ
by	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
central	JJ
issue	NN
focus	NN
on	IN
eating	NN
.	.
Encouraging	VBG
play	NN
and	CC
independence	NN
helps	VBZ
children	NNS
learn	VBP
to	TO
keep	VB
themselves	PRP
occupied	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
good	JJ
to	TO
foster	VB
activities	NNS
like	IN
drawing	NN
,	,
coloring	NN
,	,
reading	NN
,	,
playing	VBG
with	IN
blocks	NNS
and	CC
legos	NNS
,	,
playing	VBG
with	IN
dolls	NNS
,	,
cars	NNS
and	CC
trucks	NNS
,	,
making	VBG
up	RP
stories	NNS
,	,
playing	VBG
dress-up	NN
,	,
role-play	NN
games	NNS
,	,
board	NN
games	NNS
,	,
riding	VBG
bikes	NNS
,	,
playing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
dirt	NN
,	,
Frisbee	NNP
,	,
sports	NNS
,	,
playing	VBG
with	IN
a	DT
pet	NN
,	,
playing	VBG
on	IN
playgrounds	NNS
and	CC
swingsets	NNS
,	,
swimming	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
etc.	FW
.	.
Children	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
rely	VB
on	IN
television	NN
for	IN
entertainment	NN
because	IN
they	PRP
will	MD
more	RBR
often	RB
get	VB
bored	VBN
and	CC
have	VBP
a	DT
false	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
hunger	NN
.	.
Kids	NNS
often	RB
learn	VBP
to	TO
equate	VB
boredom	NN
with	IN
wanting	VBG
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
In	IN
conjunction	NN
,	,
most	JJS
children	NNS
need	VBP
structure	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
up	RB
to	TO
parents	NNS
to	TO
teach	VB
their	PRP$
kids	NNS
that	IN
normal	JJ
eating	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
three	CD
well-balanced	JJ
meals	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
and	CC
two	CD
healthy	JJ
snacks	NNS
.	.
Meals	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
around	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
every	DT
day	NN
.	.
There	EX
should	MD
be	VB
an	DT
assortment	NN
of	IN
snacks	NNS
available	JJ
and	CC
children	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
or	CC
not	RB
have	VB
their	PRP$
snacks	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
hunger	NN
and	CC
need	NN
.	.
Unless	IN
your	PRP$
child	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
diagnosed	VBN
biological	JJ
disorder	NN
that	WDT
effects	NNS
their	PRP$
sense	NN
of	IN
hunger	NN
or	CC
ability	NN
to	TO
control	VB
how	WRB
much	JJ
they	PRP
eat	VBP
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
essentially	RB
let	VB
them	PRP
eat	VB
as	RB
much	JJ
or	CC
as	RB
little	JJ
as	IN
they	PRP
like	VBP
.	.
Another	DT
mistake	NN
often	RB
made	VBN
is	VBZ
to	TO
think	VB
children	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
have	VB
sweets	NNS
.	.
``	``
Junk	NN
food	NN
''	''
in	IN
moderation	NN
is	VBZ
fine	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	RB
long	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
brush	VBP
their	PRP$
teeth	NNS
!	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Restricting	VBG
sweets	NNS
from	IN
their	PRP$
diet	NN
will	MD
only	RB
later	RB
backfire	VB
and	CC
make	VB
them	PRP
want	VB
it	PRP
more	RBR
,	,
especially	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
approach	VBP
the	DT
school	NN
age	NN
and	CC
see	VB
other	JJ
children	NNS
eating	VBG
and	CC
enjoying	VBG
candy	NN
,	,
cookies	NNS
and	CC
chips	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
probably	RB
a	DT
good	JJ
idea	NN
to	TO
have	VB
your	PRP$
children	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
good	JJ
one-a-day	JJ
multi-vitamin	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
just	RB
check	VB
with	IN
your	PRP$
pediatrician	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
replacement	NN
for	IN
food	NN
,	,
just	RB
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
supplement	VB
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
vitamins	NNS
and	CC
minerals	NNS
they	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
missing	VBG
from	IN
their	PRP$
meals	NNS
and	CC
snacks	NNS
.	.
In	IN
combination	NN
with	IN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
above	JJ
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
set	VB
a	DT
good	JJ
example	NN
.	.
Kids	NNS
learn	VBP
their	PRP$
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
lifestyles	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
immediate	JJ
role	NN
models	NNS
around	IN
them	PRP
,	,
and	CC
thinking	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
logic	NN
``	``
do	VB
what	WP
I	PRP
say	VBP
,	,
not	RB
what	WP
I	PRP
do	VBP
''	''
will	MD
not	RB
get	VB
you	PRP
very	RB
far	RB
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
skips	VBZ
meals	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
no	DT
consistency	NN
of	IN
schedule	NN
they	PRP
will	MD
pick	VB
up	RP
these	DT
habits	NNS
too	RB
.	.
Kids	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
parents	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
always	RB
dieting	NN
learn	VBP
to	TO
think	VB
dieting	NN
is	VBZ
normal	JJ
.	.
Children	NNS
learn	VBP
to	TO
walk	VB
and	CC
talk	VB
by	IN
watching	VBG
those	DT
around	IN
them	PRP
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
will	MD
absolutely	RB
learn	VB
their	PRP$
eating	JJ
habits	NNS
by	IN
watching	VBG
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
and	CC
immediate	JJ
family	NN
.	.
Different	JJ
relationships	NNS
with	IN
different	JJ
people	NNS
can	MD
all	DT
have	VBP
a	DT
diverse	JJ
effect	NN
over	IN
their	PRP$
contribution	NN
to	TO
the	DT
onset	NN
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
point	VB
out	RP
that	IN
this	DT
section	NN
is	VBZ
about	IN
possible	JJ
environmental	JJ
factors	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
about	IN
blame	NN
.	.
In	IN
some	DT
families	NNS
where	WRB
one	CD
parent	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
stronger	JJR
force	NN
of	IN
discipline	NN
,	,
the	DT
parent	NN
taking	VBG
on	RP
this	DT
role	NN
may	MD
tend	VB
to	TO
see	VB
disobedience	NN
as	IN
a	DT
direct	JJ
defiance	NN
,	,
and	CC
may	MD
often	RB
lose	VB
their	PRP$
patience	NN
more	RBR
quickly	RB
than	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
this	DT
,	,
children	NNS
sometimes	RB
get	VB
the	DT
sense	NN
very	RB
young	JJ
that	IN
nothing	NN
they	PRP
do	VBP
is	VBZ
ever	RB
good	JJ
enough	RB
,	,
in	IN
that	DT
parent	NN
's	POS
eyes	NNS
.	.
This	DT
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
perfectionistic	JJ
behavior	NN
and	CC
unhappiness	NN
with	IN
everything	NN
they	PRP
do	VBP
.	.
Obsession	NN
with	IN
weight	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
by	IN
one	CD
or	CC
both	DT
parents	NNS
will	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
in	IN
their	PRP$
children	NNS
.	.
Compulsive	JJ
Overeating	NN
,	,
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
or	CC
Bulimia	NN
by	IN
one	CD
or	CC
both	DT
parents	NNS
increases	VBZ
a	DT
childs	NNS
risk	NN
for	IN
developing	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Parents	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
workaholics	NNS
and	CC
who	WP
have	VBP
a	DT
problem	NN
meeting	NN
obligations	NNS
to	TO
their	PRP$
children	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
ie.	FW
,	,
appointments	NNS
with	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
awards	NNS
ceremonies	NNS
,	,
sports	NNS
events	NNS
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
often	RB
make	VBP
them	PRP
feel	VB
less	RBR
important	JJ
and	CC
unapproved	JJ
of	IN
.	.
If	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
abuse	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
physical	JJ
,	,
emotional	JJ
or	CC
sexual	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
by	IN
either	DT
or	CC
both	DT
parents	NNS
the	DT
child	NN
will	MD
learn	VB
to	TO
blame	VB
themselves	PRP
,	,
to	TO
think	VB
that	IN
everything	NN
is	VBZ
their	PRP$
fault	NN
,	,
that	IN
they	PRP
never	RB
do	VBP
anything	NN
right	RB
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
they	PRP
deserve	VBP
to	TO
hate-themselves	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
also	RB
feel	VB
``	``
disgusting	JJ
''	''
and	CC
``	``
dirty	JJ
''	''
,	,
may	MD
want	VB
to	TO
push	VB
other	JJ
's	POS
away	RB
and	CC
may	MD
feel	VB
a	DT
desire	NN
to	TO
be	VB
``	``
invisible	JJ
''	''
.	.
Divorce	NN
within	IN
the	DT
family	NN
,	,
particularly	RB
during	IN
a	DT
child	NN
's	POS
teen	JJ
years	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
when	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
already	RB
seeking	VBG
acceptance	NN
from	IN
their	PRP$
peers	NNS
and	CC
face	NN
hormone	NN
and	CC
body	NN
changes	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
can	MD
make	VB
the	DT
child	NN
seek	VB
attention	NN
and	CC
acceptance	NN
from	IN
one	CD
or	CC
both	DT
parents	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
create	VB
stress	NN
and	CC
feelings	NNS
of	IN
sadness	NN
and	CC
loneliness	NN
.	.
Lack	NN
of	IN
communication	NN
with	IN
parents	NNS
,	,
or	CC
lack	NN
of	IN
validation	NN
from	IN
parents	NNS
will	MD
make	VB
a	DT
child	NN
feels	VBZ
as	IN
though	IN
their	PRP$
feelings	NNS
do	VBP
n't	RB
matter	VB
,	,
that	IN
what	WP
they	PRP
do	VBP
and	CC
feel	VBP
is	VBZ
meaningless	JJ
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
loved	VBN
or	CC
accepted	VBN
.	.
Parents	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
perfectionists	NNS
and\/or	CC
who	WP
are	VBP
particularly	RB
hard	JJ
on	IN
themselves	PRP
will	MD
set	VB
an	DT
example	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
children	NNS
to	TO
do	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
if	IN
they	PRP
set	VBP
unusually	RB
high	JJ
expectations	NNS
on	IN
themselves	PRP
or	CC
their	PRP$
children	NNS
to	TO
achieve	VB
certain	JJ
levels	NNS
of	IN
success	NN
,	,
it	PRP
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
a	DT
child	NN
being	VBG
overly	RB
hard	RB
on	IN
themselves	PRP
and	CC
feeling	NN
of	IN
``	``
I	PRP
'm	VBP
never	RB
good	JJ
enough	RB
.	.
''	''
If	IN
either	DT
parent	NN
suffers	VBZ
from	IN
an	DT
existing	VBG
psychological	JJ
condition	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
whether	IN
diagnosed	VBN
or	CC
not	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
depression	NN
,	,
obsessive	JJ
compulsive	JJ
disorder	NN
or	CC
anxiety	NN
,	,
recent	JJ
studies	NNS
indicate	VBP
that	IN
their	PRP$
child	NN
may	MD
be	VB
born	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
pre-disposition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
.	.
This	DT
pre-disposition	NN
would	MD
increase	VB
their	PRP$
chances	NNS
of	IN
developing	VBG
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
the	DT
emotional	JJ
attributes	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
illness	NN
later	RB
on	RB
,	,
thus	RB
possibly	RB
developing	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Long-term	JJ
and\/or	CC
severe	JJ
illness	NN
in	IN
either	CC
parent	NN
can	MD
create	VB
a	DT
disrupted	VBN
environment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
child	NN
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
cases	NNS
it	PRP
may	MD
increase	VB
the	DT
child	NN
's	POS
level	NN
of	IN
responsibility	NN
in	IN
the	DT
family	NN
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
make	VB
them	PRP
feel	VB
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
,	,
depressed	JJ
and	CC
lonely	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
they	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
forgotten	VBN
or	CC
their	PRP$
needs	NNS
are	VBP
unimportant	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
There	EX
may	MD
also	RB
be	VB
a	DT
subconscious	NN
desire	NN
to	TO
be	VB
sick	JJ
themselves	PRP
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
emulate	VB
the	DT
ill	JJ
parent	NN
,	,
or	CC
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
seek	VB
other	JJ
's	POS
acceptance	NN
and	CC
attention	NN
.	.
Abandonment	NN
by	IN
a	DT
parent	NN
can	MD
lead	VB
a	DT
child	NN
to	TO
question	VB
their	PRP$
identity	NN
,	,
if	IN
they	PRP
deserve	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
loved	VBN
,	,
if	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
good	JJ
enough	RB
,	,
and	CC
why	WRB
the	DT
estranged	VBN
parent	NN
left	VBD
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
cater	VB
to	TO
a	DT
low	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
self-worth	NN
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
feel	VB
angry	JJ
,	,
powerless	JJ
and	CC
depressed	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
find	VB
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
blame	VB
themselves	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
sense	VB
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
find	VB
something	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
life	NN
to	TO
give	VB
them	PRP
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
control	NN
.	.
A	DT
child	NN
who	WP
loses	VBZ
a	DT
parent	NN
is	VBZ
more	RBR
apt	JJ
to	TO
develop	VB
depression	NN
,	,
alcoholism	NN
,	,
drug	NN
addiction	NN
or	CC
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
parent	NN
commits	VBZ
suicide	NN
it	PRP
increases	VBZ
the	DT
likelihood	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
will	MD
develop	VB
of	IN
severe	JJ
form	NN
of	IN
depression	NN
and	CC
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
it	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
alcoholism	NN
,	,
drug	NN
addiction	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
also	RB
a	DT
higher	JJR
risk	NN
of	IN
the	DT
child	NN
committing	VBG
suicide	NN
.	.
A	DT
little	JJ
girl	NN
,	,
particularly	RB
an	DT
only-child	JJ
or	CC
from	IN
a	DT
family	NN
of	IN
girls	NNS
,	,
may	MD
sometimes	RB
feel	VB
as	IN
though	IN
her	PRP$
father	NN
wanted	VBD
a	DT
boy	NN
.	.
This	DT
can	MD
create	VB
an	DT
emotional	JJ
conflict	NN
for	IN
her	PRP$
once	IN
she	PRP
reaches	VBZ
puberty	NN
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
onslaught	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
developing	VBG
body	NN
.	.
An	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
her	PRP$
rebellious	JJ
attempt	NN
to	TO
control	VB
her	PRP$
expanding	VBG
hips	NNS
and	CC
growing	VBG
breasts	NNS
.	.
Little	JJ
girls	NNS
tend	VBP
to	TO
want	VB
to	TO
be	VB
the	DT
type	NN
of	IN
women	NNS
their	PRP$
fathers	NNS
would	MD
like	VB
or	CC
marry	VB
.	.
Fathers	NNS
who	WP
make	VBP
comments	NNS
about	IN
body-size	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
about	IN
other	JJ
women	NNS
,	,
their	PRP$
wives	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
daughters	NNS
can	MD
make	VB
the	DT
child	NN
feel	VBP
as	IN
though	IN
the	DT
size	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
body	NN
dictates	VBZ
how	WRB
much	RB
he	PRP
will	MD
love	VB
her	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
create	VB
an	DT
obsession	NN
with	IN
her	PRP$
weight	NN
and	CC
a	DT
battle	NN
to	TO
seek	VB
her	PRP$
father	NN
's	POS
love	NN
and	CC
approval	NN
.	.
Being	VBG
that	DT
women	NNS
tend	VBP
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
higher	JJR
percentage	NN
of	IN
body-image	NN
issues	NNS
than	IN
men	NNS
,	,
mothers	NNS
tend	VBP
to	TO
influence	VB
their	PRP$
daughter	NN
's	POS
beliefs	NNS
about	IN
being	VBG
comfortable	JJ
with	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
bodies	NNS
.	.
A	DT
girl	NN
with	IN
a	DT
mother	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
disordered	VBN
eating	VBG
patterns	NNS
,	,
who	WP
continuously	RB
diets	VBZ
or	CC
is	VBZ
obsessed	VBN
with	IN
appearance	NN
,	,
and	CC
who	WP
may	MD
constantly	RB
berate	VB
herself	PRP
and\/or	CC
her	PRP$
daughter	NN
about	IN
weight	NN
,	,
will	MD
have	VB
a	DT
much	RB
higher	JJR
chance	NN
of	IN
developing	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
later	RB
on	IN
.	.
Girls	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
influenced	VBN
by	IN
mothers	NNS
who	WP
seek	VBP
to	TO
raise	VB
them	PRP
as	IN
``	``
good	JJ
wives	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
husband	NN
''	''
.	.
Be	VB
proper	JJ
,	,
do	VBP
n't	RB
gain	VB
weight	NN
,	,
keep	VB
up	RP
with	IN
your	PRP$
looks	NNS
,	,
never	RB
be	VB
caught	VBN
dead	JJ
without	IN
make-up	NN
all	DT
contribute	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
belief	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
only	RB
deserve	VBP
love	NN
if	IN
they	PRP
look	VBP
their	PRP$
best	JJS
.	.
Mother	NNP
may	MD
also	RB
lay	VB
a	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
of	IN
importance	NN
in	IN
cooking	NN
for	IN
a	DT
husband	NN
,	,
while	IN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
sending	VBG
messages	NNS
to	TO
not	RB
gain	VB
weight	NN
and\/or	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
eat	VB
too	RB
much	RB
.	.
These	DT
can	MD
all	DT
contribute	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
thought	NN
that	WDT
food	NN
and\/or	CC
weight	NN
equals	VBZ
love	NN
.	.
Abuse	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
emotional	JJ
,	,
physical	JJ
or	CC
sexual	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
by	IN
siblings	NNS
can	MD
lead	VB
the	DT
child	NN
to	TO
blame	VB
themselves	PRP
,	,
to	TO
think	VB
that	IN
everything	NN
is	VBZ
their	PRP$
fault	NN
,	,
that	IN
they	PRP
never	RB
do	VBP
anything	NN
right	RB
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
they	PRP
deserve	VBP
to	TO
hate-themselves	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
also	RB
feel	VB
``	``
disgusting	JJ
''	''
and	CC
``	``
dirty	JJ
''	''
,	,
may	MD
want	VB
to	TO
push	VB
other	JJ
's	POS
away	RB
and	CC
may	MD
feel	VB
a	DT
desire	NN
to	TO
be	VB
``	``
invisible	JJ
''	''
.	.
Long-term	JJ
and\/or	CC
severe	JJ
illness	NN
in	IN
a	DT
sibling	NN
can	MD
create	VB
a	DT
disrupted	VBN
environment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
child	NN
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
cases	NNS
it	PRP
may	MD
increase	VB
the	DT
child	NN
's	POS
level	NN
of	IN
responsibility	NN
in	IN
the	DT
family	NN
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
make	VB
them	PRP
feel	VB
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
,	,
depressed	JJ
and	CC
lonely	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
they	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
forgotten	VBN
or	CC
their	PRP$
needs	NNS
are	VBP
unimportant	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
There	EX
may	MD
also	RB
be	VB
a	DT
subconscious	NN
desire	NN
to	TO
be	VB
sick	JJ
themselves	PRP
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
get	VB
equal	JJ
attention	NN
or	CC
acceptance	NN
from	IN
parents	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
family	NN
members	NNS
.	.
A	DT
child	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
above	IN
average	JJ
intelligence	NN
,	,
who	WP
expresses	VBZ
tremendous	JJ
individuality	NN
or	CC
who	WP
has	VBZ
a	DT
unique	JJ
gift	NN
or	CC
talent	NN
may	MD
have	VB
feelings	NNS
of	IN
unacceptance	NN
from	IN
peers	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
a	DT
strong	JJ
need	NN
or	CC
desire	NN
for	IN
acceptance	NN
and	CC
to	TO
fit	VB
it	PRP
.	.
There	EX
may	MD
be	VB
increased	VBN
pressures	NNS
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
child	NN
to	TO
achieve	VB
.	.
A	DT
child	NN
with	IN
weight	NN
problems	NNS
who	WP
is	VBZ
continuously	RB
picked	VBN
on	IN
may	MD
develop	VB
a	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
self-worth	NN
and	CC
a	DT
desire	NN
for	IN
love	NN
and	CC
acceptance	NN
.	.
This	DT
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
depression	NN
and	CC
further	JJ
withdrawal	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
obsessive	JJ
weight	NN
concerns	NNS
and	CC
body-image	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
As	RB
well	RB
,	,
some	DT
girls	NNS
will	MD
develop	VB
sooner	RBR
than	IN
others	NNS
and	CC
may	MD
face	VB
ridicule	NN
because	IN
of	IN
it	PRP
,	,
making	VBG
them	PRP
hate	VB
and	CC
want	VB
to	TO
hide	VB
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
the	DT
bodies	NNS
.	.
Harassment	NN
by	IN
boys	NNS
at	IN
this	DT
age	NN
can	MD
cater	VB
to	TO
feeling	VBG
uncomfortable	JJ
and	CC
having	VBG
feelings	NNS
of	IN
shame	NN
.	.
Kids	NNS
participating	VBG
in	IN
sports	NNS
and	CC
athletic	JJ
activities	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
dance	NN
or	CC
cheerleading	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
may	MD
feel	VB
additional	JJ
pressure	NN
from	IN
their	PRP$
coaches	NNS
and	CC
peers	NNS
to	TO
achieve	VB
certain	JJ
body	NN
types	NNS
.	.
This	DT
can	MD
be	VB
common	JJ
in	IN
ballet	NN
,	,
gymnastics	NNS
,	,
cheerleading	NN
,	,
figure	NN
skating	NN
,	,
swimming	NN
and	CC
wrestling	NN
.	.
Often	RB
times	NNS
they	PRP
share	VBP
purging	VBG
tips	NNS
and	CC
ways	NNS
to	TO
restrict	VB
,	,
comparing	VBG
with	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
how	WRB
much	RB
they	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
eat	VB
.	.
Because	IN
they	PRP
seek	VBP
acceptance	NN
amongst	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
and	CC
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
unhealthy	JJ
nature	NN
of	IN
diets	NNS
to	TO
begin	VB
with	IN
,	,
this	DT
obviously	RB
is	VBZ
behavior	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
the	DT
start	NN
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
teen	JJ
years	NNS
it	PRP
's	VBZ
common	JJ
for	IN
kids	NNS
to	TO
seek	VB
acceptance	NN
from	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
trying	VBG
to	TO
become	VB
comfortable	JJ
with	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
changes	NNS
they	PRP
are	VBP
going	VBG
through	IN
.	.
Within	IN
the	DT
dating	VBG
environment	NN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
uncommon	JJ
for	IN
teens	NNS
to	TO
want	VB
to	TO
please	VB
each	DT
other	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
way	NN
they	PRP
look	VBP
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
common	JJ
to	TO
hear	VB
girls	NNS
talking	VBG
about	IN
losing	VBG
weight	NN
and	CC
staying	VBG
thin	JJ
.	.
Emotional	JJ
and	CC
physical	JJ
abuse	NN
within	IN
a	DT
relationship	NN
can	MD
cut	VB
it	PRP
's	VBZ
victim	NN
down	RB
,	,
making	VBG
them	PRP
feel	VB
small	JJ
and	CC
to-blame	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
lead	VB
the	DT
victim	NN
to	TO
try	VB
desperately	RB
to	TO
get	VB
acceptance	NN
and	CC
approval	NN
from	IN
their	PRP$
abuser	NN
.	.
They	PRP
often	RB
blame	VBP
themselves	PRP
.	.
Divorce	NN
in	IN
a	DT
marriage	NN
leaves	VBZ
its	PRP$
participants	NNS
back	RB
in	IN
an	DT
awkward	JJ
dating	VBG
scene	NN
again	RB
.	.
Not	RB
only	RB
can	MD
the	DT
divorce	NN
itself	PRP
leave	VBP
a	DT
person	NN
feeling	NN
unloved	JJ
and	CC
unacceptable	JJ
,	,
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
an	DT
obsession	NN
with	IN
body-image	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
over	IN
the	DT
prospect	NN
of	IN
finding	VBG
another	DT
mate	NN
.	.
After	IN
childbirth	NN
a	DT
woman	NN
may	MD
feel	VB
at	IN
a	DT
loss	NN
over	IN
the	DT
weight	NN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
gained	VBN
during	IN
pregnancy	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
husband	NN
or	CC
boyfriend	NN
may	MD
continuously	RB
mention	VB
her	PRP$
weight	NN
or	CC
pick	NN
on	IN
her	PRP$
for	IN
it	PRP
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
there	EX
are	VBP
stresses	VBZ
on	IN
her	PRP$
to	TO
perform	VB
as	IN
a	DT
mother	NN
.	.
She	PRP
may	MD
feel	VB
her	PRP$
life	NN
is	VBZ
out	IN
of	IN
her	PRP$
hands	NNS
and	CC
with	IN
increased	VBN
focus	NN
on	IN
the	DT
baby	NN
,	,
like	IN
she	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
matter	VB
.	.
Pressures	NNS
placed	VBN
on	IN
people	NNS
by	IN
society	NN
to	TO
fit	VB
the	DT
ideal	JJ
professional	NN
may	MD
lend	VB
themselves	PRP
to	TO
body-image	JJ
problems	NNS
and	CC
weight	NN
loss	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
There	EX
may	MD
be	VB
size-discrimination	NN
at	IN
a	DT
job	NN
that	WDT
makes	VBZ
prospects	NNS
for	IN
promotion	NN
seem	VBP
dim	RB
without	IN
weight	NN
loss	NN
.	.
This	DT
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
problems	NNS
with	IN
body-image	NN
.	.
Comments	NNS
,	,
gossip	NN
and	CC
whispering	VBG
about	IN
a	DT
persons	NNS
weight	NN
will	MD
make	VB
them	PRP
feel	VB
worthless	JJ
and	CC
seeking	VBG
acceptance	NN
.	.
This	DT
can	MD
make	VB
the	DT
person	NN
feel	VB
depressed	JJ
and	CC
alone	RB
,	,
and	CC
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
body-image	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Bosses	NNS
telling	VBG
employees	NNS
to	TO
watch	VB
their	PRP$
weight	NN
or	CC
loss	NN
weight	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
keep	VB
their	PRP$
job	NN
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
get	VB
a	DT
promotion	NN
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
feelings	NNS
of	IN
inadequacy	NN
and	CC
powerlessness	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
this	DT
is	VBZ
also	RB
size-discrimination	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
There	EX
seems	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
definite	JJ
correlation	NN
between	IN
physical	JJ
,	,
sexual	JJ
and\/or	CC
emotional	JJ
abuse	NN
and	CC
the	DT
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
studies	NNS
,	,
a	DT
relatively	RB
high	JJ
percent	NN
report	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
suffered	VBN
from	IN
some	DT
sort	NN
of	IN
abuse	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	JJ
poll	NN
on	IN
this	DT
very	RB
topic	NN
,	,
out	IN
of	IN
over	IN
2,000	CD
people	NNS
who	WP
responded	VBD
,	,
more	JJR
than	IN
50	CD
%	NN
said	VBD
they	PRP
suffered	VBD
from	IN
some	DT
type	NN
of	IN
physical	JJ
or	CC
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
,	,
of	IN
course	NN
,	,
not	RB
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
all	DT
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
or	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Eating	NNP
have	VBP
been	VBN
abused	VBN
,	,
but	CC
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
sufferers	NNS
admit	VBP
that	IN
some	DT
type	NN
of	IN
abuse	NN
played	VBD
a	DT
direct	JJ
and\/or	CC
indirect	JJ
part	NN
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Children	NNS
and	CC
victims	NNS
of	IN
domestic	JJ
abuse	NN
that	WDT
are	VBP
repeatedly	RB
struck	VBN
,	,
either	CC
with	IN
a	DT
hand	NN
,	,
fist	NN
,	,
foot	NN
,	,
belt	NN
,	,
wooden	JJ
spoon	NN
,	,
yard	NN
stick	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
object	NN
feel	VBP
powerless	JJ
and	CC
afraid	JJ
.	.
Hands	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
meant	VBN
for	IN
loving	JJ
suddenly	RB
become	VBN
contradictory	JJ
weapons	NNS
used	VBN
for	IN
hurting	VBG
.	.
The	DT
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
supposed	VBN
to	TO
love	VB
and	CC
protect	VB
now	RB
turn	VB
on	IN
them	PRP
in	IN
fits	NNS
of	IN
rage	NN
and	CC
hurt	VB
them	PRP
most	JJS
.	.
Women	NNS
and	CC
children	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
berated	VBN
with	IN
insults	NNS
,	,
vehemently	RB
controlled	VBN
and	CC
isolated	VBN
from	IN
others	NNS
,	,
who	WP
are	VBP
told	VBN
they	PRP
are	VBP
stupid	JJ
and	CC
worthless	JJ
,	,
who	WP
are	VBP
neglected	VBN
,	,
forgotten	VBN
and\/or	CC
abandoned	VBN
have	VBP
a	DT
nagging	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
self-hate	NN
and	CC
as	IN
though	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
deserve	VB
to	TO
be	VB
loved	VBN
.	.
Caring	JJ
words	NNS
of	IN
love	NN
,	,
affection	NN
,	,
support	NN
and	CC
pride	NN
become	VBP
daggers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
heart	NN
.	.
In	IN
both	DT
cases	NNS
,	,
the	DT
victim	NN
may	MD
grow	VB
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
push	VB
people	NNS
away	RB
who	WP
make	VBP
any	DT
attempt	NN
at	IN
closeness	NN
.	.
They	PRP
generally	RB
have	VBP
a	DT
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
feel	VB
a	DT
distrust	NN
of	IN
others	NNS
,	,
a	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
control	NN
and\/or	CC
a	DT
feeling	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
trapped	VBN
.	.
The	DT
victims	NNS
of	IN
physical	JJ
and	CC
emotional	JJ
abuse	NN
,	,
and	CC
domestic	JJ
violence	NN
can	MD
end	VB
up	RP
feeling	NN
like	IN
things	NNS
are	VBP
always	RB
their	PRP$
fault	NN
,	,
like	IN
they	PRP
deserve	VBP
what	WP
they	PRP
get	VBP
,	,
and	CC
like	IN
they	PRP
never	RB
do	VBP
anything	NN
right	RB
.	.
They	PRP
often	RB
question	VBP
themselves	PRP
when	WRB
making	VBG
decisions	NNS
,	,
obsessively	RB
wondering	VBG
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
one	CD
,	,
or	CC
may	MD
be	VB
incapable	JJ
of	IN
making	VBG
decisions	NNS
on	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
continuously	RB
ask	VB
if	IN
they	PRP
did	VBD
okay	JJ
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
look	NN
okay	JJ
,	,
if	IN
what	WP
they	PRP
said	VBD
was	VBD
okay	JJ
,	,
in	IN
a	DT
desperate	JJ
need	NN
for	IN
acceptance	NN
and	CC
approval	NN
.	.
Very	RB
often	RB
the	DT
victim	NN
of	IN
abuse	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
low	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
self-worth	NN
and	CC
may	MD
feel	VB
a	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
control	NN
over	IN
their	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Children	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
been	VBN
abused	VBN
more	RBR
often	RB
end	VB
up	RP
in	IN
relationships	NNS
where	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
abused	JJ
.	.
Victims	NNS
of	IN
domestic	JJ
abuse	NN
often	RB
repeatedly	RB
get	VB
back	RB
into	IN
similar	JJ
situations	NNS
of	IN
abuse	NN
.	.
Both	DT
come	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
conclusion	NN
that	WDT
hitting	VBG
and	CC
emotional	JJ
assault	NN
equals	VBZ
love	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
this	DT
must	MD
be	VB
what	WP
they	PRP
deserve	VBP
.	.
Both	DT
can	MD
suffer	VB
with	IN
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
drug	NN
addiction	NN
,	,
alcoholism	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
In	IN
an	DT
attempt	NN
to	TO
gain	VB
control	NN
victims	NNS
of	IN
abuse	NN
may	MD
try	VB
to	TO
drastically	RB
control	VB
their	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
There	EX
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
sense	NN
that	IN
if	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
thinner	JJR
it	PRP
would	MD
make	VB
the	DT
abuser	NN
happy	JJ
and	CC
they	PRP
would	MD
stop	VB
hurting	VBG
them	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
starve	VB
themselves	PRP
of	IN
food	NN
over	IN
the	DT
feeling	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
deserve	VB
anything	NN
good	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
attempt	VB
to	TO
fill	VB
a	DT
void	NN
they	PRP
feel	VBP
inside	RB
by	IN
eating	VBG
,	,
or	CC
may	MD
look	VB
to	TO
a	DT
binge	NN
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
stuff	VB
down	RP
their	PRP$
hurt	NN
and	CC
anger	NN
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
see	VB
food	NN
as	IN
their	PRP$
only	JJ
friend	NN
,	,
the	DT
one	CD
that	WDT
wo	MD
n't	RB
turn	VB
on	IN
them	PRP
--	:
or	CC
--	:
they	PRP
may	MD
look	VB
to	TO
control	VB
their	PRP$
surroundings	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
only	JJ
means	NNS
that	WDT
seems	VBZ
possible	JJ
,	,
by	IN
restricting	VBG
their	PRP$
food	NN
intake	NN
.	.
Victims	NNS
may	MD
purge	VB
to	TO
release	VB
their	PRP$
emotions	NNS
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
punish	VB
themselves	PRP
for	IN
enjoying	VBG
something	NN
they	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
feel	VB
they	PRP
deserve	VBP
-LRB-	-LRB-
food	NN
,	,
love	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Food	NNP
can	MD
become	VB
a	DT
weapon	NN
to	TO
gain	VB
control	NN
and	CC
a	DT
friend	NN
that	WDT
wo	MD
n't	RB
hurt	VB
them	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
also	RB
be	VB
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
forget	VB
the	DT
pain	NN
.	.
Children	NNS
who	WP
suffer	VBP
through	IN
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
fondling	VBG
,	,
inappropriate	JJ
kissing	NN
,	,
oral	JJ
sex	NN
,	,
forced-intercourse	NN
or	CC
sodomy	NN
,	,
pornography	NN
,	,
forced	VBN
to	TO
watch	VB
sexual	JJ
behavior	NN
of	IN
adults	NNS
,	,
rape	NN
,	,
incest	NN
,	,
date	NN
rape	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
become	VBP
confused	JJ
about	IN
issues	NNS
of	IN
integrity	NN
.	.
Adults	NNS
that	IN
they	PRP
initially	RB
perceived	VBD
as	IN
trusting	VBG
have	VBP
come	VBN
to	TO
betray	VB
them	PRP
which	WDT
leaves	VBZ
them	PRP
with	IN
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
confusion	NN
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
feel	VB
anger	NN
and	CC
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
mistrust	NN
for	IN
the	DT
opposite	JJ
sex	NN
or	CC
a	DT
deep	JJ
seeded	VBN
need	NN
for	IN
acceptance	NN
from	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
opposite	JJ
sex	NN
.	.
Sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
survivors	NNS
may	MD
blame	VB
themselves	PRP
for	IN
trusting	VBG
the	DT
individual	NN
that	WDT
hurt	VBD
them	PRP
,	,
for	IN
being	VBG
stupid	JJ
,	,
for	IN
being	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
``	``
wrong	JJ
place	NN
at	IN
the	DT
wrong	JJ
time	NN
''	''
,	,
for	IN
not	RB
fighting	VBG
harder	JJR
,	,
and\/or	CC
for	IN
not	RB
telling	VBG
someone	NN
.	.
They	PRP
often	RB
feel	VBP
as	IN
though	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
done	VBN
something	NN
to	TO
deserve	VB
the	DT
abuse	NN
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
feel	VB
disgustingly	RB
used	VBN
and	CC
as	IN
though	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
have	VBP
betrayed	VBN
them	PRP
.	.
The	DT
abuser	NN
may	MD
threaten	VB
to	TO
hurt	VB
them	PRP
further	RBR
if	IN
they	PRP
tell	VBP
making	VBG
the	DT
victim	NN
feel	VBP
as	IN
though	IN
they	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
ashamed	JJ
and	CC
afraid	JJ
,	,
and	CC
resulting	VBG
in	IN
not	RB
telling	VBG
anyone	NN
for	IN
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
also	RB
feel	VB
as	IN
though	IN
no	DT
one	NN
will	MD
believe	VB
them	PRP
.	.
Survivors	NNS
may	MD
feel	VB
ashamed	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
behavior	NN
and	CC
of	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
this	DT
in	IN
combination	NN
with	IN
any	DT
possible	JJ
threats	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
abusor	NN
may	MD
force	VB
them	PRP
into	IN
a	DT
silence	NN
about	IN
it	PRP
for	IN
many	JJ
years	NNS
.	.
Survivors	NNS
may	MD
feel	VB
a	DT
loss	NN
of	IN
immense	JJ
control	NN
over	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
self-blame	NN
they	PRP
may	MD
carry	VB
a	DT
tremendous	JJ
burden	NN
of	IN
guilt	NN
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
feel	VB
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
push	VB
others	NNS
away	RB
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
hurried	VBN
sense	NN
to	TO
grow-up	JJ
,	,
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
protect	VB
themselves	PRP
.	.
The	DT
backlash	NN
of	IN
Sexual	NNP
Abuse	NNP
is	VBZ
that	IN
survivors	NNS
may	MD
turn	VB
to	TO
food	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
alcoholism	NN
or	CC
drug	NN
addiction	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
as	IN
a	DT
means	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
.	.
Binging	NN
may	MD
offer	VB
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
comfort	NN
and	CC
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
stuff	VB
down	RP
emotions	NNS
of	IN
pain	NN
and	CC
anger	NN
.	.
Purging	VBG
may	MD
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
release	NN
of	IN
emotion	NN
or	CC
as	IN
a	DT
means	NN
to	TO
self-punish	JJ
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
desperate	JJ
attempt	NN
to	TO
gain	VB
control	NN
over	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
some	DT
victims	NNS
will	MD
turn	VB
to	TO
food	NN
and	CC
restriction	NN
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
feel	VB
dirty	JJ
and	CC
violated	VBD
,	,
unable	JJ
to	TO
get	VB
clean	JJ
and	CC
purging	VBG
may	MD
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
temporary	JJ
fix	NN
to	TO
those	DT
feelings	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
attempt	VB
to	TO
control	VB
their	PRP$
body-shape	NN
,	,
becoming	VBG
overweight	JJ
or	CC
under	IN
weight	NN
,	,
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
push	VB
people	NNS
away	RB
to	TO
prevent	VB
further	JJ
abuse	NN
,	,
or	CC
so	RB
that	IN
the	DT
abuse	NN
will	MD
stop	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
still	RB
occurring	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Food	NNP
,	,
binging	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
and	CC
restriction\/starvation	NN
may	MD
all	DT
provide	VB
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
safety	NN
,	,
certainty	NN
and	CC
security	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
feel	VBP
they	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
find	VB
anywhere	RB
else	RB
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
abuser	NN
used	VBN
food	NN
to	TO
lure	VB
their	PRP$
victims	NNS
,	,
or	CC
if	IN
the	DT
victim	NN
associates	NNS
food	NN
with	IN
the	DT
person	NN
who	WP
violated	VBD
them	PRP
,	,
they	PRP
may	MD
develop	VB
a	DT
fear	NN
or	CC
even	RB
an	DT
intense	JJ
phobia	NN
of	IN
food	NN
and	CC
eating	NN
.	.
Survivors	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
been	VBN
forced	VBN
to	TO
perform	VB
oral	JJ
sex	NN
may	MD
also	RB
have	VB
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
gagging	NN
,	,
choking	VBG
or	CC
a	DT
frightened	JJ
feeling	NN
upon	IN
putting	VBG
food	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
mouth	NN
,	,
making	VBG
it	PRP
difficult	JJ
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
Survivors	NNS
of	IN
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
often	RB
suffer	VBP
from	IN
Post	NNP
Traumatic	NNP
Stress	NN
Syndrome	NN
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
show	VB
signs	NNS
of	IN
drug	NN
addiction	NN
,	,
alcoholism	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
isolation	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
flashbacks	NNS
and\/or	CC
multiple	JJ
personality	NN
syndrome	NN
.	.
Sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
impacts	VBZ
it	PRP
's	VBZ
survivor	NN
's	POS
life	NN
forever	RB
.	.
Description	NN
\/	CD
Purpose	NNP
:	:
To	TO
help	VB
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
sufferers	NNS
and	CC
Family	NNP
and	CC
Friends	NNPS
find	VBP
each	DT
other	JJ
for	IN
support	NN
.	.
Doctors	NNS
and	CC
therapists	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
are	VBP
also	RB
welcome	JJ
to	TO
join	VB
to	TO
share	VB
ideas	NNS
and	CC
recovery	NN
methods	NNS
or	CC
techniques	NNS
.	.
AIM	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
AOL	NNP
Instant	NNP
Messenger	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
provides	VBZ
users	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
means	NN
to	TO
chat	VB
whenever	WRB
they	PRP
like	VBP
and	CC
enables	VBZ
them	PRP
to	TO
share	VB
ideas	NNS
,	,
and	CC
exchange	NN
support	NN
ideas	NNS
and	CC
advice	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
used	VBN
AOL	NNP
to	TO
access	VB
the	DT
internet	NN
you	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
download	VB
AIM	NNP
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
participate	VB
.	.
About	RB
once	RB
a	DT
month	NN
we	PRP
'll	MD
send	VB
out	RP
a	DT
mailing	NN
to	TO
let	VB
you	PRP
know	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
recent	JJ
happenings	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
website	NN
...	:
this	DT
includes	VBZ
reminders	NNS
about	IN
special	JJ
events	NNS
,	,
any	DT
important	JJ
information	NN
regarding	VBG
updates	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
site	NN
and	CC
with	IN
other	JJ
projects	NNS
we	PRP
are	VBP
currently	RB
working	VBG
on	IN
or	CC
planning	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
future	JJ
!	.
Included	VBN
in	IN
these	DT
mailings	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
motivational	JJ
ideas	NNS
for	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
a	DT
question	NN
and	CC
answer	VB
segment	NN
,	,
book	NN
recommendations	NNS
and	CC
more	JJR
.	.
Signup	NNP
now	RB
...	:
Please	VB
make	VB
sure	JJ
to	TO
enter	VB
your	PRP$
e-mail	NN
address	NN
correctly	RB
,	,
or	CC
you	PRP
will	MD
NOT	RB
be	VB
subscribed	VBN
.	.
You	PRP
correct	VBP
e-mail	NN
address	NN
should	MD
always	RB
have	VB
an	DT
@	SYM
symbol	NN
in	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
look	VB
something	NN
like	IN
this	DT
:	:
yourname@domain.com	NN
;	:
screenname@aol.com	NN
;	:
username@provider.net	NN
;	:
or	CC
;	:
freemail@hotmail.com	NN
.	.
All	DT
articles	NNS
that	WDT
appear	VBP
here	RB
have	VBP
been	VBN
submitted	VBN
and	CC
reprinted	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
permission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
authors	NNS
.	.
Copyrights	NNS
are	VBP
retained	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
authors	NNS
and	CC
you	PRP
must	MD
contact	VB
them	PRP
for	IN
permission	NN
to	TO
reprint	VB
.	.
The	DT
``	``
ARTICLES	NNS
''	''
section	NN
of	IN
the	DT
site	NN
has	VBZ
now	RB
been	VBN
incorporated	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
bulletin	NN
board	NN
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
allow	VB
authors	NNS
to	TO
retain	VB
anonymity	NN
if	IN
they	PRP
choose	VBP
to	TO
,	,
but	CC
will	MD
also	RB
allow	VB
others	NNS
to	TO
contact	VB
them	PRP
directly	RB
about	IN
their	PRP$
writings	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
they	PRP
choose	VBP
to	TO
allow	VB
it	PRP
in	IN
their	PRP$
member	NN
profile	NN
--	:
``	``
My	PRP$
Stuff	NN
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
June	NNP
,	,
1996	CD
--	:
``	``
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
hanging	VBG
in	IN
there	RB
,	,
fighting	VBG
for	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
every	DT
day	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
throwing	VBG
up	RP
blood	NN
,	,
which	WDT
she	PRP
believes	VBZ
is	VBZ
a	DT
sign	NN
from	IN
God	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
though	IN
she	PRP
says	VBZ
she	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
know	VB
what	WP
the	DT
message	NN
is	VBZ
yet	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
...	:
''	''
September	NNP
,	,
1996	CD
--	:
``	``
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
holding	VBG
steady	JJ
.	.
Her	PRP$
sister	NN
went	VBD
back	RB
to	TO
Canada	NNP
,	,
and	CC
unfortunately	RB
,	,
their	PRP$
visit	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
completely	RB
successful	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
glad	JJ
they	PRP
saw	VBD
each	DT
other	JJ
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
guess	VBP
I	PRP
was	VBD
hoping	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
exchange	NN
would	MD
result	VB
in	IN
Caron	NNP
getting	VBG
some	DT
help	NN
...	:
''	''
October	NNP
,	,
1996	CD
--	:
``	``
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
come	VB
back	RB
and	CC
post	VB
exciting	JJ
news	NN
,	,
I	PRP
really	RB
did	VBD
.	.
But	CC
the	DT
trip	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
disaster	NN
of	IN
complications	NNS
and	CC
travel	NN
problems	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
from	IN
missing	VBG
one	CD
plane	NN
to	TO
not	RB
having	VBG
a	DT
reservation	NN
at	IN
the	DT
hotel	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
...	:
''	''
November	NNP
,	,
1996	CD
--	:
``	``
Caron	NNP
called	VBD
me	PRP
early	JJ
Sunday	NNP
morning	NN
and	CC
told	VBD
me	PRP
she	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
do	VB
this	DT
on	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
anymore	RB
,	,
she	PRP
is	VBZ
scared	VBN
for	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
and	CC
wants	VBZ
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
a	DT
hospital	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
surprised	JJ
and	CC
happy	JJ
and	CC
sad	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
...	:
''	''
December	NNP
,	,
1996	CD
--	:
``	``
Since	IN
Caron	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
became	VBD
close	JJ
friends	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
talked	VBN
to	TO
her	PRP$
on	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
daily	RB
,	,
usually	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
once	RB
a	DT
day	NN
,	,
even	RB
when	WRB
I	PRP
've	VBP
gone	VBN
away	RB
on	IN
vacation	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
deeply	RB
concerned	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
regret	VBP
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
not	RB
heard	VBN
from	IN
my	PRP$
angel	NN
friend	NN
since	IN
Wednesday	NNP
...	:
''	''
February	NNP
,	,
1998	CD
--	:
``	``
I	PRP
am	VBP
unable	JJ
to	TO
write	VB
frequently	RB
about	IN
Caron	NNP
because	IN
our	PRP$
friendship	NN
has	VBZ
changed	VBN
drastically	RB
.	.
I	PRP
spent	VBD
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
year	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
you	PRP
look	VBP
back	RB
at	IN
the	DT
early	JJ
letter	NN
on	IN
this	DT
website	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
trying	VBG
desperately	RB
to	TO
help	VB
Caron	NNP
...	:
''	''
April	NNP
,	,
1998	CD
--	:
``	``
She	PRP
is	VBZ
alive	JJ
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
much	JJ
of	IN
a	DT
life	NN
.	.
She	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
work	VB
,	,
though	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
lucky	JJ
that	IN
her	PRP$
boyfriend	NN
takes	VBZ
care	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
financially	RB
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
do	VB
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
recreational	JJ
activites	NNS
because	IN
of	IN
her	PRP$
bad	JJ
health	NN
,	,
weakness	NN
,	,
and	CC
lack	NN
of	IN
muscle	NN
tissue	NN
...	:
''	''
June	NNP
,	,
1998	CD
--	:
``	``
I	PRP
rarely	RB
speak	VBP
to	TO
her	PRP
,	,
as	IN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
settled	VBN
into	IN
a	DT
life	NN
and	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
want	VB
help	NN
and	CC
,	,
due	JJ
to	TO
my	PRP$
own	JJ
recovery	NN
,	,
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
surround	VB
myself	PRP
with	IN
healthy	JJ
loving	JJ
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
willing	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
their	PRP$
issues	NNS
...	:
''	''
Remember	VB
It	PRP
Hurts	VBZ
.	.
This	DT
area	NN
was	VBD
designed	VBN
not	RB
only	RB
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
link	NN
between	IN
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
as	IN
an	DT
area	NN
where	WRB
those	DT
recovering	VBG
can	MD
share	VB
their	PRP$
stories	NNS
,	,
coping	VBG
ideas	NNS
,	,
and	CC
give	VB
motivation	NN
towards	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
forum	NN
moderators	NNS
always	RB
come	VBP
from	IN
within	IN
the	DT
membership	NN
community	NN
as	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
invited	VBN
to	TO
become	VB
leaders	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
their	PRP$
level	NN
of	IN
participation	NN
and	CC
recovery	NN
status	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
along	RB
in	IN
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
and	CC
want	VB
to	TO
offer	VB
words	NNS
of	IN
encouragement	NN
to	TO
others	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
battle	NN
against	IN
the	DT
monster	NN
,	,
visit	NN
and	CC
share	NN
your	PRP$
story	NN
on	IN
The	DT
Other	JJ
Side	NN
.	.
Everyone	NN
's	POS
journey	NN
through	IN
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
unique	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
more	RBR
stories	NNS
that	WDT
appear	VBP
,	,
the	DT
more	JJR
opportunity	NN
there	EX
is	VBZ
for	IN
other	JJ
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
to	TO
see	VB
how	WRB
people	NNS
have	VBP
made	VBN
it	PRP
through	IN
the	DT
battle	NN
.	.
Articles	NNPS
of	IN
Interest	NN
section	NN
and	CC
submit	VB
it	PRP
through	IN
the	DT
bulletin	NN
board	NN
system	NN
.	.
Doctor	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
treatment	NN
professionals	NNS
are	VBP
welcome	JJ
to	TO
submit	VB
articles	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
Please	VB
contact	VB
us	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
arrangements	NNS
to	TO
submit	VB
your	PRP$
article	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
wish	VBP
to	TO
volunteer	VB
your	PRP$
support	NN
in	IN
the	DT
fight	NN
to	TO
raise	VB
awareness	NN
and	CC
reach	VB
out	RP
to	TO
others	NNS
,	,
visit	VBP
the	DT
Links	NNP
and	CC
Resources	NNP
Page	NNP
and	CC
contact	VB
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
organizations	NNS
there	RB
on	IN
how	WRB
you	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
.	.
Often	RB
they	PRP
have	VBP
local	JJ
chapters	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
area	NN
that	WDT
are	VBP
always	RB
looking	VBG
for	IN
volunteers	NNS
to	TO
work	VB
in	IN
offices	NNS
,	,
provide	VBP
support	NN
via	IN
hotlines	NNS
or	CC
face	NN
to	TO
face	VB
,	,
run	VB
support	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
The	DT
one	CD
thing	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
important	JJ
and	CC
you	PRP
should	MD
keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
...	:
you	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
somewhat	RB
along	IN
in	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
recovery	NN
before	IN
volunteering	VBG
.	.
Helping	VBG
others	NNS
is	VBZ
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
thing	NN
to	TO
do	VB
,	,
but	CC
unless	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
made	VBN
some	DT
of	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
progress	NN
your	PRP$
help	NN
will	MD
be	VB
less	RBR
effective	JJ
,	,
and	CC
you	PRP
risk	VB
running	VBG
into	IN
many	JJ
problems	NNS
yourself	PRP
.	.
The	DT
websites	NNS
below	IN
contain	VBP
information	NN
about	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and\/or	CC
referral	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
are	VBP
run	VBN
by	IN
either	DT
individuals	NNS
,	,
small	JJ
grass-roots	JJ
organizations	NNS
or	CC
larger	JJR
non-profit	JJ
ones	NNS
.	.
Be	VB
sure	JJ
to	TO
also	RB
check	VB
out	RP
our	PRP$
complete	JJ
comprehensive	JJ
list	NN
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Organizations	NNPS
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
links	NNS
,	,
addresses	NNS
and	CC
phone	NN
numbers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
websites	NNS
below	IN
are	VBP
not	RB
designated	VBN
solely	RB
to	TO
the	DT
topic	NN
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
but	CC
contain	VBP
information	NN
about	IN
them	PRP
,	,
or	CC
general	JJ
recovery	NN
information	NN
for	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
mental	JJ
illnesses	NNS
and	CC
addictions	NNS
.	.
Be	VB
sure	JJ
to	TO
also	RB
check	VB
out	RP
our	PRP$
links	NNS
to	TO
other	JJ
online	JJ
support	NN
options	NNS
.	.
National	NNP
Child	NNP
Abuse	NNP
hotling	VBG
offering	NN
crisis	NN
counseling	NN
for	IN
children	NNS
or	CC
adult	NN
survivors	NNS
24	CD
hours	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
Also	RB
offers	VBZ
referrals	NNS
for	IN
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
treatment	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
reporting	VBG
suspected	JJ
child	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
shelters	NNS
,	,
advocacy	NN
,	,
mental	JJ
health	NN
,	,
and	CC
legal	JJ
aid	NN
.	.
Literature	NN
on	IN
prevention	NN
of	IN
child	NN
abuse	NN
available	JJ
upon	IN
request	NN
.	.
A	DT
national	JJ
hotline	NN
that	WDT
girls	NNS
and	CC
boys	NNS
can	MD
call	VB
with	IN
any	DT
problem	NN
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
-	:
children	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
suffering	VBG
physical	JJ
or	CC
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
,	,
depressed	VBD
,	,
thinking	VBG
about	IN
suicide	NN
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
run	NN
,	,
taking	VBG
drugs	NNS
,	,
hooked	VBD
on	IN
alcohol	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
Spanish-speaking	JJ
counselors	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
it	PRP
clear	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
personally	RB
do	VBP
not	RB
endorse	VB
the	DT
use	NN
off	IN
900	CD
numbers	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
distributing	VBG
information	NN
and	CC
referrals	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
good	JJ
information	NN
available	JJ
for	IN
FREE	NNP
from	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
organizations	NNS
above	IN
and	CC
in	IN
the	DT
organizations	NNS
section	NN
...	:
BUT	NNP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
everyone	NN
's	POS
right	NN
to	TO
choose	VB
for	IN
themselves	PRP
where	WRB
they	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
get	VB
their	PRP$
information	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
wish	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
as	IN
many	JJ
phone	NN
numbers	NNS
available	JJ
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
questions	NNS
about	IN
drugs	NNS
and	CC
alcohol	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
and	CC
depression	NN
,	,
domestic	JJ
violence	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
or	CC
if	IN
you	PRP
need	VBP
a	DT
referral	NN
to	TO
a	DT
treatment	NN
facility	NN
,	,
a	DT
shelter	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
self-help	JJ
group	NN
.	.
Information	NN
also	RB
available	JJ
to	TO
purchase	VB
on	IN
cassette	NN
.	.
Here	RB
at	IN
Something	NN
Fishy	JJ
we	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
providing	VBG
information	NN
digitally	RB
.	.
We	PRP
do	VBP
offer	VB
a	DT
CD-Rom	NN
called	VBN
You	PRP
Are	VBP
Not	RB
Alone	RB
which	WDT
is	VBZ
a	DT
multimedia	NNS
presentation	NN
containing	VBG
poetry	NN
,	,
artwork	NN
and	CC
short	JJ
stories	NNS
for	IN
those	DT
living	VBG
with	IN
and	CC
recovering	VBG
from	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
This	DT
CD-Rom	NN
also	RB
contains	VBZ
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
basic	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
including	VBG
definitions	NNS
,	,
signs	NNS
and	CC
symptoms	NNS
and	CC
physical	JJ
dangers	NNS
.	.
A	DT
newsletter	NN
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
helping	VBG
families	NNS
cope	VB
when	WRB
loved	VBN
ones	NNS
suffer	VBP
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Available	JJ
by	IN
e-mail	NN
or	CC
by	IN
postal	JJ
mail	NN
.	.
Please	VB
specify	VB
how	WRB
you	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
receive	VB
your	PRP$
subscription	NN
.	.
A	DT
percentage	NN
of	IN
the	DT
profits	NNS
from	IN
this	DT
newsletter	NN
will	MD
go	VB
directly	RB
to	TO
families	NNS
seeking	VBG
financial	JJ
assistance	NN
for	IN
treating	VBG
their	PRP$
loved	VBN
one	CD
with	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Its	PRP$
filled	VBN
with	IN
all	DT
to	TO
the	DT
pain	NN
you	PRP
disavow	VBP
the	DT
pain	NN
you	PRP
thought	VBD
was	VBD
gone	VBN
and	CC
this	DT
pain	NN
,	,
it	PRP
fills	VBZ
you	PRP
up	RP
up	RB
to	TO
the	DT
top	NN
and	CC
this	DT
pain	NN
,	,
it	PRP
controls	VBZ
you	PRP
and	CC
you	PRP
dont	VBP
know	VB
what	WP
to	TO
do	VB
or	CC
whats	NNS
happening	VBG
anymore	RB
you	PRP
feel	VBP
lost	VBN
and	CC
alone	RB
life	NN
feels	VBZ
like	IN
a	DT
chore	NN
and	CC
you	PRP
start	VBP
to	TO
think	VB
of	IN
ways	NNS
out	IN
ways	NNS
out	IN
of	IN
this	DT
place	NN
you	PRP
wish	VBP
someone	NN
would	MD
help	VB
but	CC
then	RB
you	PRP
realize	VBP
people	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
trying	VBG
to	TO
help	VB
but	CC
you	PRP
push	VBP
them	PRP
away	RB
not	RB
letting	VBG
them	PRP
get	VB
close	JJ
Then	RB
you	PRP
feel	VBP
sorry	JJ
so	IN
sorry	JJ
,	,
so	RB
sorry	JJ
Theres	NNP
nothing	NN
you	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
anymore	RB
You	PRP
Fucked	VBD
up	RP
your	PRP$
life	NN
Its	PRP$
all	DT
your	PRP$
fault	NN
You	PRP
mess	NN
up	IN
everything	NN
Why	WRB
couldnt	NN
you	PRP
be	VB
perfect	JJ
Why	WRB
couldnt	NN
you	PRP
have	VBP
lived	VBN
up	RP
to	TO
everyones	NNS
expectations	NNS
?	.
Just	RB
be	VB
quiet	JJ
let	VB
everyone	NN
get	VB
on	IN
with	IN
their	PRP$
life	NN
without	IN
frustrations	NNS
tell	VBP
them	PRP
to	TO
forget	VB
you	PRP
forget	VB
you	PRP
were	VBD
ever	RB
born	VBN
Then	RB
maybe	RB
the	DT
population	NN
in	IN
this	DT
state	NN
would	MD
be	VB
one	CD
Dont	NNP
really	RB
do	VBP
this	DT
tho	NN
.	.
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
bad	JJ
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
A	DT
new	JJ
day	NN
awaits	VBZ
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
clean	JJ
slate	NN
but	CC
I	PRP
always	RB
return	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
ways	NNS
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
reach	VB
out	RP
in	IN
need	NN
--	:
and	CC
find	VB
only	JJ
food	NN
but	CC
my	PRP$
heart	NN
is	VBZ
empty	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
need	VBP
your	PRP$
love	NN
Can	MD
you	PRP
love	VB
me	PRP
?	.
Just	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
?	.
I	PRP
need	VBP
so	RB
much	RB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
with	IN
every	DT
ounch	NN
of	IN
sincerity	NN
that	IN
although	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
hard	RB
--	:
that	IN
despite	IN
my	PRP$
soul	NN
being	VBG
stretched	VBN
and	CC
tugged	VBN
and	CC
beaten	VBN
to	TO
its	PRP$
maximum	JJ
capacity	NN
,	,
this	DT
is	VBZ
what	WP
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
real	JJ
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
wonderful	JJ
and	CC
to	TO
be	VB
free	JJ
.	.
Drain	NN
my	PRP$
body	NN
of	IN
all	DT
it	PRP
's	VBZ
sorrow	NN
and	CC
make	VB
me	PRP
feel	VB
again	RB
But	CC
you	PRP
just	RB
sit	VBP
there	RB
acting	VBG
as	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
OK	JJ
not	RB
acknowledging	VBG
that	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
dying	VBG
inside	IN
Pretending	VBG
that	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
grow	VB
out	IN
of	IN
this	DT
stage	NN
But	CC
how	WRB
can	MD
I	PRP
do	VB
that	DT
when	WRB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
lying	VBG
dead	JJ
in	IN
my	PRP$
room	NN
?	.
when	WRB
i	FW
pushed	VBD
my	PRP$
body	NN
to	TO
it	PRP
's	VBZ
very	RB
limit	NN
and	CC
there	EX
is	VBZ
nothing	NN
left	VBD
for	IN
anyone	NN
to	TO
do	VB
?	.
Sometime	RB
ago	IN
I	PRP
wrote	VBD
this	DT
poem	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
therapist	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
since	IN
abrubtly	RB
left	VBN
clinical	JJ
work	NN
.	.
I	PRP
wish	VBP
everyone	NN
could	MD
have	VB
a	DT
therapist	NN
as	IN
caring	NN
and	CC
supportive	JJ
...	:
she	PRP
was	VBD
always	RB
there	RB
for	IN
me	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
could	MD
trust	VB
her	PRP$
completely	RB
.	.
I	PRP
relate	VBP
to	TO
this	DT
poem	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
recovering	VBG
anorexic	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
down	RB
to	TO
a	DT
weight	NN
of	IN
86	CD
pounds	NNS
and	CC
was	VBD
close	JJ
to	TO
being	VBG
hospitalized	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
wrote	VBD
about	IN
this	DT
because	IN
being	VBG
an	DT
anorexic	JJ
is	VBZ
n't	RB
and	CC
will	MD
never	RB
be	VB
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
will	MD
always	RB
be	VB
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
ashamed	JJ
of	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
mad	JJ
at	IN
what	WP
it	PRP
makes	VBZ
me	PRP
do	VB
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
changed	VBN
my	PRP$
life	NN
in	IN
good	JJ
ways	NNS
and	CC
bad	JJ
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
bad	JJ
weigh	VBP
out	RP
the	DT
good	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
chose	VBD
to	TO
write	VB
a	DT
letter	NN
to	TO
the	DT
anorexia	NN
and	CC
instead	RB
addressed	VBD
it	PRP
as	IN
Ana	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
diet	NN
i	FW
do	VBP
n't	RB
buy	VB
it	PRP
if	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
me	PRP
to	TO
eat	VB
it	PRP
fry	NN
it	PRP
i	FW
eat	VB
chips	NNS
and	CC
chocolate	NN
cause	NN
i	FW
love	NN
every	DT
inch	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fat	JJ
what	WP
you	PRP
think	VBP
bout	NN
that	IN
what	WP
i	FW
eat	VB
i	FW
use	NN
i	FW
do	VBP
n't	RB
abuse	VB
this	DT
mortal	JJ
toil	VB
my	PRP$
confidance	NN
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
spoil	VB
i	FW
'm	VBP
no	DT
foil	NN
i	FW
metabolize	FW
instead	RB
of	IN
scrutinize	VB
do	VBP
n't	RB
worry	VB
bout	NN
my	PRP$
waist	NN
line	NN
that	WDT
's	VBZ
why	WRB
i	FW
stay	VB
so	RB
fine	JJ
it	PRP
's	VBZ
mind	NN
over	IN
matter	NN
not	RB
just	RB
chatter	NN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
the	DT
truth	NN
i	FW
act	NN
aloof	RB
when	WRB
they	PRP
try	VBP
to	TO
show	VB
me	PRP
proof	NN
that	IN
i	FW
need	VBP
to	TO
improve	VB
myself	PRP
i	FW
have	VBP
my	PRP$
own	JJ
problems	NNS
i	FW
just	RB
make	VB
them	PRP
myself	PRP
and	CC
then	RB
i	FW
solve	VB
them	PRP
but	IN
nobody	NN
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
when	WRB
or	CC
why	WRB
i	FW
take	VB
the	DT
mote	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
eye	NN
i	FW
can	MD
see	VB
clearly	RB
even	RB
when	WRB
i	FW
'm	VBP
dearly	RB
payin	NN
for	IN
the	DT
words	NNS
that	WDT
i	FW
'm	VBP
sayin	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
they	PRP
're	VBP
mine	JJ
even	RB
when	WRB
i	FW
'm	VBP
cryin	NN
leapin	NN
from	IN
the	DT
pot	NN
to	TO
the	DT
fryin	NN
pan	VB
i	FW
use	VB
my	PRP$
own	JJ
hand	NN
my	PRP$
karma	NN
's	POS
my	PRP$
own	JJ
i	FW
'll	MD
reap	VB
what	WP
i	FW
've	VBP
sown	JJ
pay	NN
the	DT
price	NN
when	WRB
i	FW
'm	VBP
grown	JJ
bear	NN
the	DT
weight	NN
all	DT
alone	RB
never	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
slave	NN
diggin	NN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
grave	NN
for	IN
the	DT
advertising	NN
industry	NN
your	PRP$
fakeness	NN
injures	VBZ
me	PRP
no	DT
one	NN
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
how	WRB
to	TO
look	VB
Glamor	NNP
,	,
Cosmo	NNP
,	,
Flair	NNP
all	DT
crooks	NNS
tryin	VBP
to	TO
tell	VB
me	PRP
low	JJ
self-image	NN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
battle	NN
a	DT
scrimmage	NN
sell	VB
me	PRP
poison	NN
to	TO
fix	VB
myself	PRP
i	FW
leave	VBP
that	DT
noise	NN
on	IN
the	DT
shelf	NN
make	VB
my	PRP$
purchases	NNS
with	IN
stelth	NN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
consumers	NNS
world	NN
that	WDT
's	VBZ
bullshit	NN
makin	FW
me	PRP
hurl	VB
how	WRB
you	PRP
buyin	VBP
it	PRP
i	FW
do	VBP
n't	RB
believe	VB
there	EX
's	VBZ
any	DT
kind	NN
of	IN
need	NN
to	TO
eat	VB
anything	NN
that	WDT
bleeds	VBZ
but	CC
that	DT
's	VBZ
to	TO
follow	VB
the	DT
light	NN
not	RB
encourage	VB
low	JJ
fat	JJ
or	CC
light	JJ
i	FW
make	VB
my	PRP$
choices	NNS
right	JJ
sometimes	RB
what	WP
i	FW
wear	NN
is	VBZ
tight	JJ
sometimes	RB
i	FW
'm	VBP
a	DT
fright	NN
and	CC
when	WRB
i	FW
do	VBP
n't	RB
care	VB
i	FW
do	VBP
n't	RB
comb	VB
my	PRP$
hair	NN
and	CC
when	WRB
i	FW
do	VBP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
cause	VB
i	FW
'm	VBP
tryin	NN
to	TO
look	VB
better	JJR
than	IN
you	PRP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
just	RB
a	DT
thing	NN
we	PRP
do	VBP
i	FW
love	NN
to	TO
stare	VB
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
cause	NN
my	PRP$
reflection	NN
makes	VBZ
me	PRP
shiver	JJR
little	JJ
bit	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
protects	VBZ
me	PRP
my	PRP$
bones	NNS
and	CC
organs	NNS
do	VBP
n't	RB
reject	VB
me	PRP
cause	VB
i	FW
give	VB
em	NN
padding	NN
not	RB
dieting	NN
or	CC
fadding	NN
i	FW
take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
me	PRP
and	CC
i	FW
'm	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
fine	JJ
you	PRP
'll	MD
see	VB
.	.
From	IN
a	DT
well	RB
deep	JJ
within	IN
me	PRP
the	DT
pressure	NN
comes	VBZ
...	:
this	DT
boiling	VBG
,	,
explosive	JJ
hate	NN
,	,
raging	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
inside	JJ
frantically	RB
spilling	NN
over	RP
into	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
-	:
disturbing	VBG
the	DT
calm	JJ
that	DT
has	VBZ
masked	VBN
such	JJ
pain	NN
,	,
shattering	VBG
the	DT
smile	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
hidden	VBN
such	JJ
anguish	NN
.	.
During	IN
this	DT
electronic	JJ
age	NN
of	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
privacy	NN
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
come	VBN
to	TO
our	PRP$
attention	NN
through	IN
several	JJ
of	IN
our	PRP$
members	NNS
that	WDT
personal	JJ
photos	NNS
were	VBD
taken	VBN
of	IN
them	PRP
while	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
being	VBG
treated	VBN
inpatient	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
photographers	NNS
,	,
other	JJ
patients	NNS
themselves	PRP
,	,
have	VBP
gone	VBN
ahead	RB
to	TO
publish	VB
these	DT
same	JJ
photos	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
.	.
First	RB
,	,
lets	VBZ
address	NN
the	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
copyright	NN
law	NN
.	.
It	PRP
gets	VBZ
a	DT
little	JJ
sticky	JJ
when	WRB
you	PRP
start	VBP
to	TO
discuss	VB
which	WDT
photographers	NNS
needs	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
photo	NN
release	NN
signed	VBD
,	,
and	CC
which	WDT
do	VBP
n't	RB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
general	JJ
concensus	NN
in	IN
the	DT
photography	NN
world	NN
that	IN
any	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
their	PRP$
photo	NN
taken	VBN
must	MD
sign	VB
a	DT
photo	NN
release	NN
for	IN
those	DT
same	JJ
photos	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
commercially	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
business	NN
purposes	NNS
or	CC
for	IN
sale	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
When	WRB
so	RB
many	JJ
people	NNS
now	RB
have	VBP
personal	JJ
websites	NNS
where	WRB
they	PRP
can	MD
self-publish	VB
photos	NNS
,	,
the	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
privacy	NN
within	IN
a	DT
medical	JJ
treatment	NN
environment	NN
becomes	VBZ
an	DT
important	JJ
one	CD
to	TO
further	JJ
visit	NN
.	.
While	IN
personal	JJ
protection	NN
of	IN
privacy	NN
rights	NNS
is	VBZ
important	JJ
,	,
owners	NNS
of	IN
treatment	NN
facilities	NNS
become	VBP
responsible	JJ
to	TO
protect	VB
the	DT
privacy	NN
and	CC
confidentiality	NN
rights	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
patients	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
that	IN
during	IN
the	DT
intake	NN
process	NN
patients	NNS
are	VBP
made	VBN
aware	JJ
that	IN
,	,
if	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
allowed	VBN
to	TO
take	VB
photos	NNS
at	IN
all	DT
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
only	RB
allowed	VBN
to	TO
take	VB
photos	NNS
for	IN
personal	JJ
use	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
these	DT
photos	NNS
can	MD
not	RB
later	RB
be	VB
published	VBN
in	IN
any	DT
format	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
digital\/electronic	JJ
or	CC
print	NN
media	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
quite	RB
upsetting	VBG
to	TO
an	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
treated	VBN
for	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
to	TO
later	RB
discover	VB
a	DT
picture	NN
of	IN
themselves	PRP
posted	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
,	,
showing	VBG
them	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
protective	JJ
setting	NN
of	IN
a	DT
treatment	NN
facility	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
often	RB
journalistic	JJ
opportunities	NNS
that	WDT
arrise	VBP
,	,
where	WRB
the	DT
media	NNS
wish	NN
to	TO
visit	VB
a	DT
treatment	NN
facility	NN
to	TO
cover	VB
a	DT
story	NN
.	.
This	DT
type	NN
of	IN
coverage	NN
is	VBZ
important	JJ
when	WRB
educating	VBG
the	DT
public	NN
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and	CC
their	PRP$
treatment	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
media	NNS
outlets	NNS
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
importantly	RB
,	,
treatment	NN
facilities	NNS
,	,
already	RB
draw	VB
the	DT
line	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
protect	VB
the	DT
privacy	NN
of	IN
those	DT
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
remain	VB
anonymous	JJ
,	,
or	CC
have	VBP
their	PRP$
confidentiality	NN
protected	VBN
.	.
Most	JJS
treatment	NN
facilities	NNS
will	MD
restrict	VB
media	NNS
and	CC
photographer	NN
access	NN
to	TO
certain	JJ
areas	NNS
,	,
keeping	VBG
other	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
facility	NN
completely	RB
off	IN
limits	NNS
.	.
Most	JJS
will	MD
make	VB
sure	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
subject	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
photos	NNS
sign	NN
releases	NNS
and	CC
realize	VBP
their	PRP$
identity	NN
will	MD
become	VB
public	JJ
,	,
through	IN
television	NN
,	,
newspapers	NNS
,	,
books	NNS
or	CC
websites	NNS
.	.
This	DT
type	NN
of	IN
publicity	NN
should	MD
NOT	RB
be	VB
true	JJ
of	IN
pictures	NNS
taken	VBN
by	IN
other	JJ
patients	NNS
,	,
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
have	VB
signed	VBN
photo	NN
releases	NNS
,	,
who	WP
have	VBP
open-ended	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
each	DT
other	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
very	RB
private	JJ
setting	NN
.	.
Patients	NNS
themselves	PRP
should	MD
make	VB
it	PRP
clear	JJ
to	TO
each	DT
other	JJ
,	,
that	IN
if	IN
they	PRP
give	VBP
verbal	JJ
permission	NN
to	TO
a	DT
fellow	JJ
sufferer	NN
to	TO
take	VB
their	PRP$
picture	NN
while	IN
in	IN
treatment	NN
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
picture	NN
is	VBZ
only	RB
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
personal	JJ
enjoyment	NN
and	CC
memories	NNS
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
NOT	RB
to	TO
be	VB
published	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
or	CC
elsewhere	RB
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
facilities	NNS
should	MD
emphatically	RB
back	RB
this	DT
policy	NN
up	RP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
patient	JJ
yourself	PRP
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
respect	VB
the	DT
privacy	NN
of	IN
others	NNS
also	RB
in	IN
treatment	NN
,	,
and	CC
should	MD
follow	VB
the	DT
steadfast	JJ
rule	NN
that	IN
what	WP
others	NNS
'	POS
choose	VB
to	TO
share	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
remain	VB
within	IN
the	DT
confines	NNS
of	IN
treatment	NN
...	:
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
gossip	NN
to	TO
share	VB
on	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
,	,
or	CC
anywhere	RB
.	.
Though	IN
we	PRP
all	DT
realize	VBP
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
slew	NN
of	IN
paperwork	NN
and	CC
forms	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
filled	VBN
out	RP
accompanying	VBG
each	DT
patient	NN
's	POS
admittance	NN
to	TO
treatment	NN
,	,
I	PRP
suggest	VBP
that	IN
treatment	NN
facilities	NNS
and	CC
recovery	NN
centers	NNS
explore	VBP
the	DT
possiblity	NN
of	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
simple	JJ
form	NN
stating	VBG
their	PRP$
policy	NN
on	IN
photos	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
patient	NN
to	TO
read	VB
and	CC
sign	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
already	RB
have	VB
such	JJ
a	DT
form	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Patients	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
feel	VB
comfortable	JJ
knowing	VBG
that	IN
their	PRP$
privacy	NN
will	MD
be	VB
protected	VBN
during	IN
their	PRP$
residential	JJ
or	CC
outpatient	NN
care	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
they	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
face	VB
the	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
having	VBG
their	PRP$
picture	NN
show	VB
up	RP
on	IN
a	DT
personal	JJ
website	NN
months	NNS
or	CC
years	NNS
later	RB
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
very	RB
least	JJS
,	,
I	PRP
only	RB
hope	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
everyone	NN
think	VB
about	IN
how	WRB
we	PRP
can	MD
all	DT
move	VB
forward	RB
through	IN
the	DT
electronic	JJ
age	NN
respecting	VBG
each	DT
other	JJ
's	POS
privacy	NN
,	,
and	CC
most	JJS
importantly	RB
,	,
ensure	VB
the	DT
comfort	NN
and	CC
safe	JJ
treatment	NN
of	IN
each	DT
person	NN
battling	VBG
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Each	DT
year	NN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
Awareness	NNP
Week	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
EDAW	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
celebrated	VBN
in	IN
thousands	NNS
of	IN
schools	NNS
and	CC
communities	NNS
across	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
to	TO
draw	VB
public	JJ
and	CC
media	NNS
attention	NN
to	TO
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
body	NN
dissatisfaction	NN
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
,	,
visit	NN
The	DT
National	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Association	NNP
's	POS
Website	NNP
.	.
EDAW	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
opportunity	NN
for	IN
each	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
to	TO
stop	VB
and	CC
evaluate	VB
the	DT
way	NN
our	PRP$
attitudes	NNS
towards	IN
shape	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
impact	NN
the	DT
quality	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
Goal	NN
:	:
To	TO
reduce	VB
the	DT
prevalence	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
dieting	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
problems	NNS
through	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
education	NN
program	NN
emphasizing	VBG
social	JJ
factors	NNS
causing	VBG
their	PRP$
development	NN
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
,	,
visit	NN
The	DT
National	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Information	NNP
Centre	NNP
's	POS
Website	NNP
.	.
The	DT
theme	NN
of	IN
the	DT
week	NN
is	VBZ
`	``
The	DT
Hidden	NNP
Costs	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
'	POS
.	.
A	DT
brief	JJ
report	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
produced	VBN
outlining	VBG
the	DT
real	JJ
and	CC
hidden	JJ
cost	NN
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
illustrating	VBG
the	DT
effects	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
on	IN
health	NN
,	,
employment	NN
,	,
education	NN
,	,
relationships	NNS
and	CC
social	JJ
circumstances	NNS
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
,	,
visit	NN
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Association	NNP
's	POS
Website	NNP
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
licensed	JJ
clinical	JJ
social	JJ
worker	NN
,	,
I	PRP
treat	VBP
teenagers	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
disturbance	NN
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
an	DT
integrated	JJ
approach	NN
of	IN
both	DT
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
and	CC
psychodynamic	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
completed	VBN
post-graduate	JJ
work	NN
in	IN
Rational	NNP
Emotive	NNP
Behavior	NNP
Therapy	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
Albert	NNP
Ellis	NNP
Institute	NNP
in	IN
Manhattan	NNP
.	.
Having	VBG
worked	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
inpatient	NN
and	CC
partial	JJ
hospitalization	NN
program	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
gained	VBN
valuable	JJ
insight	NN
into	IN
the	DT
dimensions	NNS
that	WDT
contribute	VBP
to	TO
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
families	NNS
and	CC
addressing	VBG
interpersonal	JJ
relationships	NNS
.	.
By	IN
offering	VBG
a	DT
client-centered	JJ
,	,
empathetic	JJ
approach	NN
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
tailor	VB
my	PRP$
interventions	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
present	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
.	.
Cornerstone	NN
Family	NNP
Health	NNP
Clinic	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
fully	RB
integrative	JJ
medical	JJ
clinic	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
comprehensive	JJ
and	CC
natural	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
.	.
Cornerstone	NN
Family	NNP
Health	NNP
Clinic	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
region	NN
's	POS
most	RBS
innovative	JJ
and	CC
integrative	JJ
private	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
company	NN
.	.
We	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
human	JJ
body	NN
is	VBZ
created	VBN
to	TO
heal	VB
itself	PRP
through	IN
natural	JJ
and	CC
medical	JJ
advances	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
mission	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
each	DT
individual	JJ
patient	NN
to	TO
feel	VB
empowered	VBN
through	IN
physical	JJ
,	,
spiritual	JJ
and	CC
emotional	JJ
healing	NN
to	TO
restore	VB
and	CC
maintain	VB
optimal	JJ
health	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
psychotherapist	NN
and	CC
nutrition	NN
therapist	NN
offer	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
food\/weight\/body	JJ
image	NN
concerns	NNS
through	IN
individualized	JJ
work	NN
,	,
groups	NNS
,	,
workshops	NNS
&	CC
retreats	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
style	NN
is	VBZ
warm	JJ
,	,
down	IN
to	TO
earth	NN
and	CC
accepting	VBG
.	.
Our	PRP$
passion	NN
is	VBZ
helping	VBG
people	NNS
live	VBP
fuller	JJR
lives	NNS
through	IN
finding	VBG
the	DT
true	JJ
nourishment	NN
they	PRP
need	VBP
for	IN
mind	NN
and	CC
body	NN
.	.
As	IN
many	JJ
of	IN
you	PRP
know	VBP
,	,
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
company\/project	NN
that	WDT
Tony	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
are	VBP
always	RB
working	VBG
on	IN
in	IN
our	PRP$
free	JJ
time	NN
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
often	RB
juggled	VBN
our	PRP$
responsibilities	NNS
here	RB
with	IN
our	PRP$
family	NN
,	,
and	CC
our	PRP$
full-time	JJ
and	CC
part-time	JJ
jobs	NNS
.	.
Read	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
who	WP
we	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
Follow	VB
the	DT
link	NN
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
our	PRP$
secure	JJ
shopping	NN
cart	NN
.	.
Below	IN
the	DT
list	NN
of	IN
fishy	JJ
products	NNS
we	PRP
sell	VBP
-LRB-	-LRB-
after	IN
the	DT
stickers	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
instructions	NNS
on	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
send	VB
a	DT
financial	JJ
gift	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
remember	VB
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
buy	VBP
fishy	JJ
products	NNS
,	,
partial	JJ
proceeds	NNS
are	VBP
always	RB
donated	VBN
to	TO
other	JJ
non-profit	JJ
organizations	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
...	:
Please	VB
understand	VB
that	IN
we	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
an	DT
official	JJ
501	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
non-profit	JJ
organization	NN
.	.
Any	DT
``	``
donations	NNS
''	''
are	VBP
not	RB
tax-deductible	JJ
,	,
and	CC
are	VBP
considered	VBN
financial	JJ
gifts	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
something	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
change	VB
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
,	,
but	CC
for	IN
now	RB
going	VBG
non-profit	JJ
is	VBZ
too	RB
expensive	JJ
a	DT
process	NN
for	IN
us	PRP
to	TO
consider	VB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
place	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
sure	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
``	``
okay	JJ
''	''
...	:
that	IN
I	PRP
knew	VBD
how	WRB
to	TO
keep	VB
myself	PRP
safe	JJ
...	:
that	IN
my	PRP$
behaviors	NNS
did	VBD
n't	RB
hurt	VBN
others	NNS
or	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
keep	VB
myself	PRP
from	IN
going	VBG
``	``
too	RB
far	RB
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
lived	VBN
inside	IN
of	IN
denial	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
lived	VBN
inside	IN
the	DT
place	NN
where	WRB
having	VBG
Anorexia	NNP
made	VBD
me	PRP
feel	VB
``	``
special	JJ
''	''
or	CC
``	``
different	JJ
''	''
or	CC
``	``
deep	JJ
and	CC
mysterious	JJ
''	''
...	:
or	CC
where	WRB
I	PRP
thought	VBD
it	PRP
would	MD
get	VB
me	PRP
more	JJR
liked	VBD
,	,
more	JJR
attention	NN
from	IN
those	DT
I	PRP
needed	VBD
it	PRP
from	IN
,	,
or	CC
even	RB
where	WRB
I	PRP
thought	VBD
it	PRP
would	MD
make	VB
me	PRP
disappear	VB
so	RB
no	RB
one	PRP
would	MD
notice	VB
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
it	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
``	``
strong	JJ
''	''
.	.
What	WP
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
by	IN
getting	VBG
through	IN
to	TO
the	DT
other	JJ
side	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
by	IN
being	VBG
recoverED	VBN
,	,
is	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
a	DT
good	JJ
person	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
much	RB
more	RBR
complete	JJ
person	NN
WITHOUT	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
lose	VB
my	PRP$
compassion	NN
or	CC
my	PRP$
ability	NN
to	TO
understand	VB
,	,
nor	CC
did	VBD
I	PRP
lose	VBP
my	PRP$
creativity	NN
or	CC
ability	NN
to	TO
be	VB
unique	JJ
.	.
What	WP
I	PRP
gained	VBD
was	VBD
more	RBR
creativity	NN
and	CC
understanding	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
true	JJ
appreciation	NN
for	IN
how	WRB
special	JJ
I	PRP
truly	RB
am	VBP
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
truly	RB
unique	JJ
we	PRP
ALL	NNP
are	VBP
.	.
What	WP
I	PRP
know	VBP
now	RB
is	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
much	RB
more	JJR
strength	NN
to	TO
recover	VB
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
truly	RB
live	VB
life	NN
,	,
than	IN
to	TO
hide	VB
away	RB
inside	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
forever	RB
.	.
Typically	RB
beginning	VBG
in	IN
childhood	NN
or	CC
early	JJ
adolescence	NN
,	,
social	JJ
phobia	NN
was	VBD
among	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
common	JJ
disorders	NNS
observed	VBD
in	IN
one	CD
study	NN
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
major	JJ
depressive	JJ
episode	NN
,	,
alcohol	NN
dependence	NN
,	,
and	CC
simple	JJ
phobia	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
found	VBN
in	IN
women	NNS
twice	RB
as	RB
often	RB
as	IN
in	IN
men	NNS
.	.
While	IN
recent	JJ
epidemiologic	JJ
studies	NNS
on	IN
social	JJ
phobia	NN
suggest	VBP
a	DT
lifetime	NN
prevalence	NN
of	IN
13	CD
%	NN
,	,
only	RB
5	CD
%	NN
of	IN
these	DT
patients	NNS
actually	RB
receive	VBP
medical	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
LSAS	NNP
was	VBD
the	DT
first	JJ
clinician-administered	JJ
scale	NN
to	TO
evaluate	VB
the	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
social	JJ
situations	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
difficult	JJ
for	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
social	JJ
phobia	NN
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
used	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
outcome	NN
measure	NN
in	IN
most	JJS
pharmacological	JJ
trials	NNS
for	IN
social	JJ
phobia	NN
.	.
``	``
Historically	NNP
,	,
social	JJ
phobia	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
treated	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
drugs	NNS
,	,
most	RBS
notably	RB
selective	JJ
serotonin	NN
reuptake	NN
inhibitors	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
SSRIs	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
monoamine	NN
oxidase	NN
inhibitors	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
MAOIs	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
anti-anxiety	JJ
agents	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
benzodiazepines	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
''	''
explained	VBD
Dr.	NNP
Greist	NNP
.	.
``	``
In	IN
the	DT
study	NN
,	,
gabapentin	NN
was	VBD
shown	VBN
to	TO
significantly	RB
reduce	VB
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
disorder	NN
.	.
''	''
Neurontin	NNP
,	,
marketed	VBN
by	IN
Parke-Davis	NNP
as	IN
100	CD
mg	NN
,	,
300	CD
mg	NN
and	CC
400	CD
mg	NN
capsules	NNS
,	,
is	VBZ
indicated	VBN
as	IN
adjunctive	JJ
therapy	NN
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
partial	JJ
seizures	NNS
with	IN
and	CC
without	IN
secondary	JJ
generalization	NN
in	IN
adults	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
-RRB-	-RRB-
12	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
maximum	NN
recommended	VBD
dose	NN
of	IN
Neurontin	NNP
for	IN
partial	JJ
seizures	NNS
is	VBZ
1,800	CD
mg	FW
per	FW
day	NN
.	.
Neurontin	NNP
is	VBZ
contraindicated	VBN
in	IN
patients	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
demonstrated	VBN
hypersensitivity	NN
to	TO
the	DT
drug	NN
or	CC
its	PRP$
ingredients	NNS
.	.
Parke-Davis	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
division	NN
of	IN
Warner-Lambert	NNP
Company	NNP
,	,
a	DT
worldwide	JJ
company	NN
devoted	VBN
to	TO
discovering	VBG
,	,
developing	VBG
,	,
manufacturing	VBG
and	CC
marketing	VBG
quality	NN
pharmaceutical	JJ
,	,
consumer	NN
health	NN
and	CC
confectionery	NN
products	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
employs	VBZ
more	JJR
than	IN
43,000	CD
people	NNS
worldwide	JJ
.	.
Sit	NNP
with	IN
pen	NN
and	CC
paper	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
use	VB
colored	VBN
paper	NN
and	CC
markers	NNS
if	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
simple	JJ
notepad	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
up	RB
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
Sit	NNP
with	IN
the	DT
person	NN
who	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
this	DT
with	IN
...	:
make	VB
sure	JJ
to	TO
feel	VB
comfortable	JJ
...	:
sit	VB
on	IN
the	DT
floor	NN
,	,
on	IN
a	DT
cozy	JJ
couch	NN
,	,
at	IN
a	DT
table	NN
--	:
wherever	WRB
you	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
most	RBS
at-ease	JJ
.	.
Ask	VB
your	PRP$
partner	NN
to	TO
give	VB
you	PRP
the	DT
reasons	NNS
they	PRP
love	VBP
and	CC
care	VBP
about	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Ask	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
come	VB
up	RP
with	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
five	CD
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
more	RBR
the	DT
better	JJR
.	.
As	IN
they	PRP
give	VBP
you	PRP
each	DT
reason	NN
,	,
DO	NNP
NOT	NNP
argue	VBP
with	IN
them	PRP
,	,
or	CC
think	VB
they	PRP
are	VBP
lying	VBG
...	:
try	VB
to	TO
enjoy	VB
what	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
saying	VBG
!	.
Write	VB
them	PRP
down	RP
on	IN
your	PRP$
paper	NN
.	.
Walk	VB
away	RB
from	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
and	CC
relax	VB
for	IN
a	DT
bit	NN
.	.
Spend	VB
some	DT
time	NN
journaling	VBG
on	IN
how	WRB
you	PRP
feel	VBP
and	CC
what	WP
this	DT
little	JJ
exercise	NN
means	VBZ
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
Write	VB
about	IN
how	WRB
it	PRP
felt	VBD
to	TO
stare	VB
at	IN
yourself	PRP
for	IN
three	CD
minutes	NNS
,	,
eye-to-eye	NN
and	CC
what	WP
you	PRP
saw	VBD
.	.
Spend	VB
some	DT
time	NN
writing	VBG
self-affirmations	NNS
and	CC
ideas	NNS
for	IN
combating	VBG
any	DT
negativity	NN
you	PRP
have	VBP
pointed	VBN
at	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
Also	RB
spend	VBP
time	NN
focusing	VBG
and	CC
writing	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
positive	JJ
things	NNS
you	PRP
felt	VBD
and	CC
saw	VBD
in	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
time	NN
to	TO
write	VB
to	TO
yourself	PRP
!	.
The	DT
goal	NN
of	IN
this	DT
game	NN
is	VBZ
simple	JJ
...	:
Write	VB
a	DT
love	NN
letter	NN
to	TO
YOU	PRP
from	IN
YOU	PRP
!	.
Tell	VB
YOU	PRP
why	WRB
you	PRP
're	VBP
terrific	JJ
...	:
tell	VB
YOU	PRP
all	PDT
the	DT
things	NNS
you	PRP
appreciate	VBP
about	IN
you	PRP
...	:
tell	VB
YOU	PRP
why	WRB
you	PRP
wish	VBP
to	TO
get	VB
to	TO
know	VB
you	PRP
better	JJR
and	CC
about	IN
the	DT
things	NNS
you	PRP
already	RB
know	VBP
and	CC
why	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
such	JJ
endearing	JJ
qualities	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
were	VBD
a	DT
snowflake	NN
falling	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
sky	NN
and	CC
only	RB
had	VBD
a	DT
few	JJ
brief	JJ
moments	NNS
to	TO
share	VB
something	NN
about	IN
yourself	PRP
with	IN
the	DT
snowflake	NN
next	IN
to	TO
you	PRP
,	,
what	WP
would	MD
you	PRP
say	VB
that	IN
expresses	VBZ
who	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
--	:
something	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
make	VB
a	DT
lasting	JJ
impression	NN
so	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
snowflake	NN
would	MD
always	RB
remember	VB
you	PRP
?	.
At	IN
that	DT
point	NN
MrFishy	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
together	RB
close	RB
to	TO
two	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
honest	JJ
with	IN
him	PRP
about	IN
the	DT
ED	NNP
from	IN
the	DT
start	NN
,	,
while	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
both	DT
my	PRP$
physical	JJ
and	CC
mental	JJ
state	NN
continued	VBD
to	TO
deteriorate	VB
.	.
Our	PRP$
daughter	NN
was	VBD
so	RB
little	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
would	MD
catch	VB
MrFishy	NNP
checking	VBG
on	IN
my	PRP$
breathing	NN
in	IN
the	DT
middle	NN
of	IN
the	DT
night	NN
...	:
and	CC
the	DT
reality	NN
started	VBD
to	TO
set	VB
in	RP
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
die	VB
from	IN
this	DT
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
desert	VB
my	PRP$
family	NN
--	:
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
HAPPY	JJ
with	IN
ME	NNP
--	:
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
my	PRP$
daughter	NN
to	TO
grow	VB
up	RP
HAPPY	JJ
with	IN
herself	PRP
--	:
and	CC
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
experience	VB
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
made	VBD
the	DT
decision	NN
to	TO
truly	RB
live	VB
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
tough	JJ
getting	VBG
started	VBD
.	.
The	DT
benefit	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
was	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
persistant	JJ
b	NN
\*	SYM
tch	NN
--	:
when	WRB
I	PRP
decide	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
something	NN
I	PRP
do	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
Of	IN
course	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
scared	VBN
...	:
and	CC
I	PRP
think	VBP
my	PRP$
biggest	JJS
fear	NN
was	VBD
who	WP
would	MD
I	PRP
be	VB
without	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
and	CC
would	MD
I	PRP
like	VB
that	DT
person	NN
?	.
As	IN
I	PRP
've	VBP
mentioned	VBN
many	JJ
times	NNS
before	RB
,	,
I	PRP
believe	VBP
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
personal	JJ
choice	NN
.	.
To	TO
me	PRP
going	VBG
inpatient	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
an	DT
option	NN
...	:
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
leave	VB
my	PRP$
husband	NN
and	CC
kids	NNS
for	IN
any	DT
extended	JJ
length	NN
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
could	MD
not	RB
financially	RB
afford	VB
to	TO
have	VB
me	PRP
out	IN
of	IN
work	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
lose	VB
my	PRP$
medical	JJ
benefits	NNS
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
thing	NN
I	PRP
did	VBD
was	VBD
go	VB
to	TO
my	PRP$
family	NN
physician	NN
and	CC
tell	VB
him	PRP
``	``
I	PRP
have	VBP
anorexia	NN
and	CC
want	VB
some	DT
help	NN
.	.
''	''
Those	DT
are	VBP
the	DT
words	NNS
I	PRP
said	VBD
.	.
He	PRP
was	VBD
less	JJR
than	IN
understanding	NN
,	,
not	RB
very	RB
supportive	JJ
,	,
and	CC
scurried	VBD
from	IN
the	DT
room	NN
like	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
declared	VBN
some	DT
contaminating	VBG
condition	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
rub	VB
off	RP
on	IN
him	PRP
,	,
but	CC
returned	VBD
with	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
number	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
insurance	NN
company	NN
's	POS
mental	JJ
health	NN
evaluation	NN
helpline	NN
.	.
I	PRP
called	VBD
them	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
were	VBD
rude	JJ
.	.
The	DT
man	NN
wanted	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
explain	VB
to	TO
him	PRP
``	``
how	WRB
exactly	RB
is	VBZ
it	PRP
that	IN
you	PRP
think	VBP
you	PRP
have	VBP
anorexia	NN
''	''
and	CC
I	PRP
refused	VBD
to	TO
validate	VB
his	PRP$
ignorance	NN
with	IN
an	DT
answer	NN
--	:
I	PRP
just	RB
said	VBD
``	``
look	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
company	NN
provides	VBZ
mental	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
coverage	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
pay	VBP
for	IN
,	,
so	RB
just	RB
give	VB
me	PRP
the	DT
numbers	NNS
of	IN
therapists	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
area	NN
and	CC
we	PRP
'll	MD
let	VB
one	CD
of	IN
them	PRP
make	VBP
the	DT
determination	NN
whether	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
problem	NN
or	CC
not	RB
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
got	VBD
the	DT
numbers	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
bounced	VBD
around	RP
to	TO
a	DT
few	JJ
therapist	NN
,	,
seeing	VBG
some	DT
in	IN
person	NN
,	,
talking	VBG
to	TO
some	DT
on	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
getting	VBG
discouraged	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
whole	NN
while	IN
,	,
relying	VBG
more	RBR
on	IN
my	PRP$
ED	NNP
.	.
FINALLY	RB
,	,
by	IN
the	DT
grace	NN
of	IN
some	DT
higher	JJR
power	NN
,	,
or	CC
maybe	RB
even	RB
luck	NN
,	,
I	PRP
saw	VBD
a	DT
TV	NN
commercial	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
of	IN
all	DT
things	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
a	DT
local	JJ
therapy	NN
center	NN
.	.
I	PRP
called	VBD
them	PRP
and	CC
talked	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
man	NN
who	WP
would	MD
become	VB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
therapists	NNS
I	PRP
've	VBP
ever	RB
had	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
therapy	NN
once	RB
a	DT
week	NN
for	IN
over	IN
a	DT
year	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
therapist	NN
was	VBD
wonderful	JJ
with	IN
an	DT
ecclectic	JJ
approach	NN
--	:
allowing	VBG
me	PRP
to	TO
use	VB
my	PRP$
art	NN
and	CC
poetry	NN
as	IN
one	CD
way	NN
to	TO
express	VB
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
more	RBR
difficult	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
would	MD
give	VB
me	PRP
homework	NN
assignments	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
would	MD
ask	VB
me	PRP
to	TO
analyze	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
Above	IN
all	DT
else	RB
,	,
he	PRP
also	RB
saw	VBD
straight	RB
through	IN
my	PRP$
bullshit	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
ability	NN
to	TO
rationalize	VB
everything	NN
--	:
and	CC
he	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
let	VB
me	PRP
get	VB
away	RB
with	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
worked	VBD
hard	RB
.	.
I	PRP
always	RB
tried	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
honest	JJ
and	CC
not	RB
hide	VB
anything	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
that	IN
got	VBD
easier	JJR
with	IN
time	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
four	CD
months	NNS
things	NNS
got	VBD
worse	JJR
before	IN
they	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
bombarded	VBN
with	IN
issues	NNS
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
feel	VB
ready	JJ
to	TO
face	VB
and	CC
,	,
of	IN
course	NN
,	,
fell	VBD
back	RB
on	IN
the	DT
ED	NNP
as	IN
my	PRP$
security	NN
blanket	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
therapist	NN
was	VBD
aware	JJ
of	IN
this	DT
the	DT
entire	JJ
time	NN
and	CC
never	RB
made	VBD
me	PRP
feel	VB
a	DT
failure	NN
because	IN
of	IN
it	PRP
.	.
He	PRP
suggested	VBD
hospitalization	NN
at	IN
one	CD
point	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
declined	VBD
-LRB-	-LRB-
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
reasons	NNS
above	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
he	PRP
allowed	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
that	DT
choice	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
expressing	VBG
all	PDT
the	DT
while	NN
that	IN
if	IN
things	NNS
continued	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
worse	JJR
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
no	RB
longer	RB
be	VB
a	DT
choice	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
We	PRP
worked	VBD
on	IN
self-esteem	NN
.	.
We	PRP
worked	VBD
on	IN
alternative	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
cope	VB
.	.
He	PRP
worked	VBD
on	IN
getting	VBG
me	PRP
to	TO
feel	VB
again	RB
by	IN
helping	VBG
me	PRP
through	IN
talking	VBG
and	CC
crying	VBG
and	CC
yelling	VBG
about	IN
my	PRP$
issues	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
taught	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
see	VB
the	DT
difference	NN
between	IN
responsibility	NN
and	CC
blame	NN
.	.
He	PRP
guided	VBD
me	PRP
towards	IN
truly	RB
believing	VBG
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
my	PRP$
fault	NN
that	IN
life	NN
happened	VBD
the	DT
way	NN
it	PRP
did	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
go	VB
into	IN
details	NNS
about	IN
why	WRB
he	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
``	``
falling	VBG
out	RP
''	''
...	:
but	CC
after	IN
that	DT
year	NN
and	CC
a	DT
half	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
decision	NN
to	TO
not	RB
see	VB
him	PRP
anymore	RB
.	.
We	PRP
basically	RB
had	VBD
a	DT
large	JJ
argument	NN
about	IN
something	NN
that	WDT
did	VBD
n't	RB
even	RB
pertain	VB
to	TO
my	PRP$
treatment	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
it	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
some	DT
freelance	NN
work	NN
I	PRP
did	VBD
for	IN
him	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
...	:
I	PRP
will	MD
say	VB
this	DT
...	:
it	PRP
was	VBD
because	IN
of	IN
him	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
strong	JJ
enough	RB
to	TO
say	VB
``	``
Enough	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
time	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
move	VB
on	IN
''	''
and	CC
to	TO
not	RB
blame	VB
myself	PRP
for	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
forever	RB
be	VB
thankful	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
guidance	NN
I	PRP
received	VBD
from	IN
him	PRP
through	IN
our	PRP$
sessions	NNS
.	.
During	IN
all	PDT
this	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
received	VBD
tremendous	JJ
support	NN
from	IN
MrFishy	NNP
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
had	VBD
first	JJ
told	VBD
him	PRP
it	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
hard	JJ
for	IN
him	PRP
to	TO
know	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
be	VB
supportive	JJ
and	CC
he	PRP
did	VBD
all	PDT
the	DT
clich	NN
things	NNS
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
``	``
outsiders	NNS
''	''
do	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
talk	VB
from	IN
his	PRP$
perspective	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
--	:
but	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
him	PRP
to	TO
post	VB
here	RB
too	RB
and	CC
he	PRP
can	MD
share	VB
his	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
on	IN
all	PDT
this	DT
.	.
My	PRP$
goal	NN
in	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
because	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
was	VBD
to	TO
build	VB
my	PRP$
self-esteem	NN
...	:
to	TO
learn	VB
to	TO
love	VB
myself	PRP
completely	RB
and	CC
be	VB
comfortable	JJ
being	VBG
me	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
attitude	NN
was	VBD
that	IN
once	RB
I	PRP
could	MD
do	VB
that	IN
the	DT
behaviors	NNS
would	MD
fall	VB
away	RB
...	:
and	CC
this	DT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
my	PRP$
experience	NN
.	.
Of	IN
course	NN
,	,
I	PRP
also	RB
needed	VBD
to	TO
find	VB
new	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
cope	VB
...	:
new	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
manage	VB
stress	NN
...	:
better	JJR
ways	NNS
to	TO
communicate	VB
my	PRP$
needs	NNS
...	:
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
validate	VB
my	PRP$
own	JJ
emotions	NNS
...	:
and	CC
as	IN
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
do	VB
all	DT
that	IN
the	DT
need	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
rely	VB
on	IN
food\/starvations\/exercise	JJ
\/	NN
purging	VBG
seemed	VBD
to	TO
slowly	RB
fade	VB
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
stress	VB
with	IN
strong	JJ
emphasis	NN
...	:
a	DT
LOT	NNP
of	IN
people	NNS
must	MD
stabalize	VB
their	PRP$
physical	JJ
health	NN
first	RB
,	,
so	RB
intially	RB
there	EX
may	MD
have	VB
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
strong	JJ
focus	NN
on	IN
the	DT
food	NN
and	CC
behaviors	NNS
--	:
remember	VBP
...	:
everyone	NN
is	VBZ
different	JJ
and	CC
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
``	``
one	CD
right	JJ
way	NN
''	''
to	TO
recover	VB
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
back	RB
to	TO
another	DT
therapist	NN
after	IN
about	IN
a	DT
year	NN
...	:
I	PRP
did	VBD
some	DT
work	NN
with	IN
her	PRP
,	,
but	CC
felt	VBD
like	IN
she	PRP
actually	RB
wanted	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
sicker	JJR
than	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
...	:
like	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
prepared	VBN
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
someone	NN
who	WP
had	VBD
achieved	VBN
some	DT
self-worth	NN
...	:
so	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
stay	VB
very	RB
long	RB
.	.
About	IN
two	CD
months	NNS
.	.
At	IN
that	DT
point	NN
I	PRP
made	VBD
a	DT
decision	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
time	NN
for	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
step	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
emphasize	VBP
``	``
for	IN
me	PRP
''	''
because	IN
we	PRP
are	VBP
all	DT
so	RB
different	JJ
and	CC
lots	NNS
of	IN
people	NNS
stay	VBP
in	IN
therapy	NN
a	DT
lot	NN
longer	JJR
than	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
...	:
and	CC
that	DT
's	VBZ
okay	JJ
!	.
Keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
that	IN
my	PRP$
whole	JJ
life	NN
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
and	CC
out	IN
of	IN
therapy	NN
for	IN
various	JJ
reasons	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
made	VBD
me	PRP
go	VB
in	IN
highschool	NN
a	DT
few	JJ
times	NNS
...	:
and	CC
I	PRP
'd	MD
been	VBN
to	TO
marriage	NN
counseling\/divorce	NN
counseling	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
first	JJ
husband	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
fully	RB
recovered	VBD
.	.
What	WP
I	PRP
mean	VBP
by	IN
this	DT
:	:
when	WRB
there	EX
are	VBP
stressful	JJ
times	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
rely	VB
on	IN
food	NN
,	,
lack	NN
of	IN
food	NN
,	,
purging	VBG
or	CC
exercise	NN
to	TO
get	VB
me	PRP
through	IN
it	PRP
,	,
and	CC
even	RB
if	IN
my	PRP$
mind	NN
does	VBZ
go	VB
a	DT
mile	NN
a	DT
minute	NN
I	PRP
've	VBP
learned	VBN
how	WRB
to	TO
slow	VB
it	PRP
down	RB
,	,
and	CC
cope	VB
with	IN
things	NNS
one	CD
step	NN
at	IN
a	DT
time	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
accept	VB
the	DT
ups	NNS
and	CC
downs	NNS
of	IN
life	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
all	DT
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
human	JJ
experience	NN
,	,
not	RB
something	NN
I	PRP
deserve	VBP
to	TO
beat	VB
myself	PRP
up	RB
over	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
feelings	NNS
count	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
worth	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
recovery	NN
for	IN
about	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
goal	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
completely	RB
recoverED	VBN
.	.
As	IN
I	PRP
moved	VBD
through	IN
the	DT
whole	JJ
process	NN
,	,
using	VBG
the	DT
ED	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
coping	VBG
tool	NN
was	VBD
less	JJR
and	CC
less	JJR
an	DT
option	NN
.	.
As	IN
I	PRP
worked	VBD
to	TO
become	VB
closer	RBR
to	TO
``	``
recoverED	JJ
''	''
my	PRP$
self-esteem	NN
shot	VBD
up	RB
,	,
my	PRP$
self-confidence	NN
rose	VBD
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
self-doubts	NNS
disappeared	VBD
--	:
these	DT
were	VBD
all	DT
things	NNS
I	PRP
consciously	RB
worked	VBD
on	IN
for	IN
a	DT
while	NN
,	,
and	CC
as	IN
time	NN
went	VBD
on	IN
,	,
they	PRP
became	VBD
less	RBR
and	CC
less	RBR
work	NN
,	,
until	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
no	RB
longer	RB
daily	JJ
challenges	NNS
to	TO
labor	NN
on	IN
.	.
The	DT
absolute	JJ
last	JJ
thing	NN
I	PRP
worked	VBD
on	RP
was	VBD
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
decided	VBN
that	IN
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
consider	VB
myself	PRP
fully	RB
recovered	VBD
until	IN
walking	VBG
around	RP
with	IN
a	DT
negative	JJ
body	NN
image	NN
was	VBD
n't	RB
happening	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
this	DT
work	NN
in	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
year	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
.	.
Getting	VBG
rid	JJ
of	IN
clothes	NNS
that	WDT
did	VBD
n't	RB
fit	VB
,	,
looking	VBG
at	IN
myself	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
every	DT
day	NN
and	CC
telling	VBG
myself	PRP
``	``
hey	NN
,	,
you	PRP
're	VBP
just	RB
right	RB
for	IN
YOU	PRP
,	,
''	''
assuring	VBG
myself	PRP
that	IN
my	PRP$
mood	NN
has	VBZ
nothing	NN
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
how	WRB
I	PRP
perceive	VBP
myself	PRP
--	:
a	DT
reflection	NN
is	VBZ
just	RB
a	DT
reflection	NN
.	.
Is	VBZ
my	PRP$
body	NN
perfect	JJ
?	.
NO	DT
--	:
but	CC
it	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
Being	VBG
realistically	RB
aware	JJ
of	IN
imperfections	NNS
does	VBZ
n't	RB
mean	VB
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
self-destruct	VB
,	,
or	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
a	DT
bad	JJ
person	NN
,	,
or	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
love	VB
my	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
Having	VBG
the	DT
occassional	JJ
bad	JJ
body-image	JJ
moment	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
need	VB
to	TO
last	VB
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
moment	NN
,	,
does	VBZ
n't	RB
need	VB
to	TO
dictate	VB
my	PRP$
mood	NN
for	IN
the	DT
day	NN
,	,
and	CC
does	VBZ
n't	RB
mean	VB
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
love	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
there	EX
came	VBD
a	DT
time	NN
and	CC
awareness	NN
that	WDT
everything	NN
just	RB
was	VBD
n't	RB
work	VB
anymore	RB
.	.
I	PRP
truly	RB
did	VBD
n't	RB
give	VB
a	DT
shit	NN
what	WP
other	JJ
people	NNS
thought	VBD
about	IN
me	PRP
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
way	NN
they	PRP
might	MD
judge	VB
me	PRP
--	:
nor	CC
did	VBD
I	PRP
believe	VBP
I	PRP
needed	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
``	``
this	DT
type	NN
''	''
of	IN
body	NN
--	:
my	PRP$
body	NN
is	VBZ
just	RB
right	RB
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
eat	VBP
when	WRB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
hungry	JJ
and	CC
my	PRP$
mood	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
dictate	VB
it	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
enjoy	VBP
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
!	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
even	RB
imagine	VB
NOT	NNP
enjoying	VBG
it	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
mearly	RB
a	DT
pleasurable	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
fuel	VB
my	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	DT
's	VBZ
the	DT
way	NN
it	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
.	.
I	PRP
considered	VBD
myself	PRP
recoverED	VBD
when	WRB
I	PRP
realized	VBD
that	IN
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
lack	NN
of	IN
self-confidence	NN
and	CC
self-esteem	NN
were	VBD
no	RB
longer	JJR
issues	NNS
ruling	VBG
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
proclaimed	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
recoverED	VBN
the	DT
day	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
truly	RB
say	VB
I	PRP
love	VBP
me	PRP
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
the	DT
whole	JJ
package	NN
,	,
inside	RB
and	CC
out	RB
,	,
no	DT
matter	NN
how	WRB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
feeling	VBG
-LRB-	-LRB-
whether	IN
happy	JJ
,	,
sad	JJ
,	,
angry	JJ
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WDT
my	PRP$
weight	NN
is	VBZ
.	.
I	PRP
proclaimed	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
recoverED	VBN
when	WRB
I	PRP
could	MD
accept	VB
that	IN
making	VBG
mistakes	NNS
is	VBZ
okay	JJ
and	CC
it	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
mean	VB
people	NNS
wo	MD
n't	RB
like	VB
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
when	WRB
I	PRP
realized	VBD
that	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
okay	JJ
if	IN
not	RB
everyone	NN
likes	VBZ
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
proclaimed	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
recoverED	VBN
when	WRB
I	PRP
could	MD
cope	VB
with	IN
life	NN
and	CC
emotions	NNS
in	IN
healthy	JJ
ways	NNS
as	IN
second	JJ
nature	NN
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
realized	VBD
that	IN
food	NN
and	CC
the	DT
size	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
has	VBZ
nothing	NN
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
my	PRP$
emotions	NNS
or	CC
sense	NN
of	IN
self-worth	NN
,	,
nor	CC
should	MD
it	PRP
.	.
Television	NNP
commercials	NNS
say	VBP
:	:
``	``
Do	VBP
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
lose	VB
pounds	NNS
by	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
weekend	NN
?	.
Sure	RB
,	,
we	PRP
all	DT
do	VBP
.	.
''	''
What	WP
is	VBZ
the	DT
comparison	NN
between	IN
a	DT
person	NN
who	WP
's	VBZ
recovered	VBN
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
person	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
never	RB
had	VBD
one	CD
?	.
''	''
Everyone	NN
has	VBZ
bad	JJ
body-image	NN
days	NNS
.	.
First	NNP
and	CC
foremost	JJ
,	,
they	PRP
should	MD
not	RB
consume	VB
your	PRP$
time	NN
and	CC
thoughts	NNS
...	:
and	CC
they	PRP
should	MD
never	RB
translate	VB
into	IN
hurting	VBG
yourself	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
does	VBZ
n't	RB
dictate	VB
your	PRP$
mood	NN
.	.
Tony	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
talked	VBN
about	IN
this	DT
.	.
Even	RB
he	PRP
says	VBZ
that	IN
he	PRP
's	VBZ
human	JJ
,	,
and	CC
of	IN
course	NN
wakes	VBZ
up	RP
some	DT
days	NNS
thinking	VBG
he	PRP
could	MD
be	VB
in	IN
better	JJR
shape	NN
.	.
But	CC
as	RB
quickly	RB
as	IN
he	PRP
thinks	VBZ
it	PRP
,	,
he	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
thinking	VBG
it	PRP
anymore	RB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
same	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
Sure	RB
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
look	VB
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
every	DT
day	NN
loving	JJ
every	DT
aspect	NN
of	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
but	CC
there	EX
's	VBZ
never	RB
even	RB
a	DT
thought	NN
of	IN
hurting	VBG
myself	PRP
over	IN
it	PRP
...	:
and	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
forgotten	VBN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
onto	IN
to	TO
the	DT
next	JJ
thing	NN
...	:
it	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
pervade	VB
my	PRP$
every	DT
thought	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
mood	NN
for	IN
the	DT
entire	JJ
day	NN
...	:
or	CC
even	RB
for	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
hour	NN
.	.
Overall	RB
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
very	RB
self	NN
accepting	VBG
and	CC
self-loving	VBG
and	CC
KNOW	VBP
that	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
is	VBZ
right	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
times	NNS
I	PRP
'm	VBP
feeling	VBG
unhappy	JJ
about	IN
any	DT
specific	JJ
body	NN
part	NN
are	VBP
pretty	RB
few	JJ
and	CC
far	RB
between	IN
.	.
What	WP
does	VBZ
Amy	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
any	DT
person	NN
recovered	VBD
-RRB-	-RRB-
think	VBP
,	,
when	WRB
they	PRP
walk	VBP
down	IN
a	DT
street	NN
downtown	NN
,	,
or	CC
open	VB
up	RP
a	DT
magazine	NN
,	,
or	CC
watch	VB
the	DT
television	NN
,	,
and	CC
are	VBP
bombarded	VBN
by	IN
weight	NN
loss	NN
ads	NNS
and	CC
pictures	NNS
of	IN
unhealthy	JJ
women	NNS
modeling	NN
`	``
beauty	NN
'	''
for	IN
the	DT
american	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
global	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
culture	NN
?	.
At	IN
times	NNS
I	PRP
'm	VBP
oblivious	JJ
to	TO
it	PRP
.	.
Or	CC
I	PRP
change	VBP
the	DT
channel	NN
because	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
weight-loss	JJ
promos	NNS
are	VBP
ridiculous	JJ
.	.
Or	CC
I	PRP
think	VBP
``	``
man	NN
,	,
she	PRP
needs	VBZ
to	TO
eat	VB
a	DT
sandwich	NN
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
sorry	JJ
,	,
that	DT
's	VBZ
honest	JJ
!	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
do	VBP
here	RB
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
times	NNS
I	PRP
'm	VBP
thinking	VBG
more	RBR
from	IN
an	DT
``	``
ED	NNP
Awareness	NNP
''	''
perspective	NN
,	,
wishing	VBG
that	IN
healthier	RBR
women	NNS
were	VBD
portrayed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
media	NNS
as	IN
beautiful	JJ
,	,
as	IN
strong	JJ
,	,
as	IN
wives	NNS
and	CC
coworkers	NNS
and	CC
friends	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
never	RB
triggers	VBZ
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
compare	VBP
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
wish	VBP
to	TO
look	VB
like	IN
someone	NN
famous	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
also	RB
admire	VB
my	PRP$
opinion	NN
of	IN
beauty	NN
for	IN
what	WP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
--	:
SHE	NNP
is	VBZ
beautiful	JJ
for	IN
her	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
beautiful	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
be	VB
anyone	NN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
fit	VB
some	DT
crazy	JJ
mold	NN
.	.
I	PRP
ALSO	RB
almost	RB
never	RB
buy	VB
a	DT
fashion	NN
magazine	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
subscribe	VB
to	TO
anything	NN
even	RB
remotely	RB
like	IN
a	DT
fashion	NN
magazine	NN
.	.
Not	RB
because	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
``	``
triggering	VBG
''	''
but	CC
because	IN
I	PRP
refuse	VBP
to	TO
support	VB
an	DT
industry	NN
I	PRP
think	VBP
needs	NNS
to	TO
change	VB
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
do	VBP
not	RB
want	VB
MY	NNP
daughter	NN
growing	VBG
up	RP
thinking	VBG
models	NNS
are	VBP
typical	JJ
.	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
think	VB
to	TO
yourself	PRP
:	:
``	``
hey	NN
,	,
this	DT
used	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
something	NN
that	IN
really	RB
bothered	VBN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
get	VB
nearly	RB
so	RB
bothered	VBN
by	IN
it	PRP
now	RB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
find	VB
it	PRP
upsetting	VBG
a	DT
little	JJ
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
know	VBP
I	PRP
can	MD
handle	VB
this	DT
situation	NN
very	RB
well	RB
,	,
even	RB
so	RB
.	.
''	''
Things	NNS
that	WDT
used	VBD
to	TO
bother	VB
me	PRP
or	CC
were	VBD
triggering	VBG
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
again	RB
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
n't	RB
much	JJ
of	IN
a	DT
conscious	JJ
thought	NN
process	NN
about	IN
it	PRP
.	.
The	DT
notion	NN
of	IN
going	VBG
back	RB
to	TO
ED	NNP
behaviors	NNS
does	VBZ
n't	RB
ever	RB
enter	VB
my	PRP$
mind	NN
as	IN
an	DT
option	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
is	VBZ
just	RB
eating	VBG
...	:
fueling	VBG
my	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
I	PRP
recognize	VBP
and	CC
have	VBP
healed	VBN
from	IN
issues	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
past	NN
,	,
so	RB
when	WRB
something	NN
happens	VBZ
that	IN
relates	VBZ
in	IN
some	DT
way	NN
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
ever	RB
feel	VB
triggered	VBN
by	IN
it	PRP
or	CC
consciously	RB
think	VB
``	``
now	RB
this	DT
is	VBZ
something	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
have	VB
really	RB
bothered	VBN
me	PRP
''	''
--	:
it	PRP
bothers	VBZ
me	PRP
or	CC
affects	VBZ
me	PRP
however	RB
it	PRP
does	VBZ
emotionally	RB
and	CC
then	RB
I	PRP
cope	VB
with	IN
those	DT
emotions	NNS
in	IN
healthy	JJ
and	CC
productive	JJ
ways	NNS
.	.
``	``
When	WRB
it	PRP
comes	VBZ
to	TO
foods	NNS
...	:
are	VBP
there	RB
foods	NNS
that	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
recovered	VBN
simply	RB
do	VBP
n't	RB
like	VB
?	.
Not	RB
saying	VBG
that	IN
EVERYONE	NN
recovered	VBD
does	VBZ
n't	RB
like	VB
food	NN
X	NNP
or	CC
food	NN
Y.	NNP
...	:
But	CC
when	WRB
it	PRP
comes	VBZ
to	TO
individual	JJ
prefrence	NN
.	.
Maybe	RB
someone	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
like	VB
Thai	NNP
food	NN
because	IN
they	PRP
think	VBP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
unappealing	JJ
.	.
Is	VBZ
this	DT
completely	RB
normal	JJ
,	,
or	CC
does	VBZ
this	DT
scream	NN
out	IN
``	``
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
''	''
,	,
just	RB
because	IN
food	NN
avoidance	NN
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
symptom	NN
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
?	.
''	''
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
complicated	JJ
one	CD
to	TO
answer	VB
.	.
Of	IN
course	NN
there	EX
are	VBP
foods	NNS
I	PRP
just	RB
do	VBP
n't	RB
like	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
despise	VBP
the	DT
taste	NN
of	IN
Indian	JJ
food	NN
for	IN
example	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
``	``
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
''	''
in	IN
and	CC
of	IN
itself	PRP
to	TO
not	RB
like	VB
certain	JJ
foods	NNS
.	.
BUT	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
of	IN
an	DT
ED-Mindset	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
using	VBG
your	PRP$
dislike	NN
of	IN
a	DT
food	NN
as	IN
an	DT
excuse	NN
not	RB
to	TO
eat	VB
enough	RB
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
make	VB
an	DT
excuse	NN
to	TO
engage	VB
in	IN
ED	NNP
behaviors	NNS
,	,
like	IN
having	VBG
only	RB
a	DT
salad	NN
because	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
like	VB
the	DT
pizza	NN
everyone	NN
else	RB
is	VBZ
eating	VBG
.	.
It	PRP
boils	VBZ
down	RP
to	TO
YOU	PRP
and	CC
how	WRB
in	IN
touch	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
about	IN
the	DT
choices	NNS
you	PRP
are	VBP
making	VBG
when	WRB
it	PRP
comes	VBZ
to	TO
eating	VBG
.	.
Are	VBP
you	PRP
being	VBG
sneaky	JJ
?	.
Are	VBP
you	PRP
lying	VBG
to	TO
avoid	VB
certain	JJ
foods	NNS
?	.
Are	VBP
you	PRP
so	RB
stringent	JJ
in	IN
what	WP
you	PRP
like	VBP
and	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
like	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
impossible	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
?	.
Are	VBP
there	RB
emotional	JJ
reasons	NNS
you	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
eat	VB
certain	JJ
things	NNS
?	.
Are	VBP
you	PRP
making	VBG
healthy	JJ
choices	NNS
as	IN
the	DT
alternative	NN
to	TO
what	WP
is	VBZ
placed	VBN
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
you	PRP
that	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
like	VB
?	.
Questions	NNS
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
think	VB
about	RB
.	.
``	``
When	WRB
it	PRP
comes	VBZ
to	TO
egos	NNS
...	:
how	WRB
big	JJ
is	VBZ
people	NNS
's	POS
who	WP
are	VBP
recovered	VBN
?	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
for	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
my	PRP$
ego\/self-confidence	NN
has	VBZ
grown	VBN
tremendously	RB
since	IN
I	PRP
started	VBD
recovery	NN
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
always	RB
completely	RB
one	CD
hundred	CD
percent	NN
``	``
YAY	NNP
ME	NNP
!	.
''	''
all	DT
day	NN
long	RB
.	.
Do	VBP
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
recovered	VBN
always	RB
feel	VB
extremely	RB
good	JJ
about	IN
themselves	PRP
?	.
And	CC
if	IN
not	RB
,	,
what	WDT
are	VBP
some	DT
examples	NNS
of	IN
when	WRB
self	NN
confidence	NN
would	MD
go	VB
up	RP
or	CC
down	RP
?	.
Do	VBP
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
recovered	VBN
need	NN
compliments	NNS
,	,
and	CC
appreciate	VB
when	WRB
someone	NN
is	VBZ
thoughtful	JJ
enough	RB
to	TO
say	VB
something	NN
nice	JJ
about	IN
them	PRP
?	.
''	''
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
walk	VB
around	IN
feeling	VBG
``	``
yay	FW
Amy	NNP
''	''
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
walk	VB
around	IN
feeling	VBG
good	JJ
about	IN
me	PRP
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
always	RB
content	JJ
with	IN
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
In	IN
other	JJ
words	NNS
,	,
lets	VBZ
say	VBP
I	PRP
make	VBP
a	DT
mistake	NN
...	:
screw	VB
up	RP
a	DT
freelance	JJ
job	NN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
doing	VBG
or	CC
handle	VB
a	DT
situation	NN
a	DT
little	JJ
off	RP
kilter	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
lose	VB
my	PRP$
temper	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
...	:
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
think	VB
BADLY	RB
about	IN
myself	PRP
because	IN
of	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
know	VBP
I	PRP
made	VBD
a	DT
mistake	NN
and	CC
next	JJ
time	NN
will	MD
try	VB
my	PRP$
best	JJS
not	RB
to	TO
repeat	VB
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
think	VB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
a	DT
piece	NN
of	IN
crud	NN
,	,
but	CC
instead	RB
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
EVERYONE	NN
makes	VBZ
mistakes	NNS
and	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
okay	JJ
to	TO
forgive	VB
myself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
ask	VB
to	TO
be	VB
forgiven	VBN
by	IN
those	DT
effected	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
I	PRP
deserve	VBP
to	TO
take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
making	VBG
mistakes	NNS
does	VBZ
n't	RB
mean	VB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
a	DT
bad	JJ
person	NN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
bad	JJ
day	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
feeling	VBG
sad	JJ
about	IN
something	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
does	VBZ
n't	RB
mean	VB
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
love	VB
myself	PRP
simultaneously	RB
.	.
I	PRP
love	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
feel	VB
sad	JJ
!	.
No	DT
,	,
not	RB
because	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
enjoyable	JJ
,	,
but	CC
because	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
human	JJ
experience	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
KNOW	VBP
it	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
last	VB
forever	RB
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
comfort	NN
myself	PRP
and	CC
feel	VB
self-confident	JJ
enough	JJ
to	TO
know	VB
I	PRP
can	MD
ask	VB
for	IN
support	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
loved-ones	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
so-okay	JJ
with	IN
myself	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
being	VBG
sad	JJ
does	VBZ
n't	RB
equal	JJ
being	VBG
self-destructive	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
NEED	VB
compliments	NNS
from	IN
everyone	NN
or	CC
anyone	NN
.	.
Of	IN
course	NN
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
always	RB
nice	JJ
to	TO
hear	VB
and	CC
I	PRP
say	VBP
``	``
thank	VB
you	PRP
''	''
when	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
offered	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
never	RB
argue	VBP
and	CC
say	VBP
``	``
oh	UH
stop	VB
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
really	RB
a	DT
big	JJ
piece	NN
of	IN
doodie	NN
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
accept	VB
the	DT
compliment	NN
and	CC
go	VB
on	IN
my	PRP$
merry	JJ
way	NN
.	.
Everyone	NN
is	VBZ
going	VBG
to	TO
have	VB
moments	NNS
in	IN
life	NN
where	WRB
you	PRP
go	VBP
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
with	IN
no	DT
compliments	NNS
at	IN
all	DT
...	:
self-esteem	NN
is	VBZ
about	IN
giving	VBG
YOURSELF	NNP
those	DT
compliments	NNS
,	,
and	CC
knowing	VBG
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
NEED	VB
validation	NN
or	CC
recognition	NN
from	IN
those	DT
around	IN
you	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
talented	JJ
and	CC
smart	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
a	DT
good	JJ
mom	NN
and	CC
wife	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
recognize	VBP
when	WRB
I	PRP
make	VBP
a	DT
mistake	NN
or	CC
need	VB
to	TO
make	VB
improvements	NNS
on	IN
something	NN
and	CC
can	MD
take	VB
criticism	NN
without	IN
it	PRP
translating	VBG
into	IN
``	``
my	PRP$
whole	JJ
life	NN
is	VBZ
ruined	VBN
and	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
just	RB
an	DT
idiot	NN
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
accept	VB
I	PRP
certainly	RB
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
everything	NN
and	CC
listen	VB
to	TO
other	JJ
's	POS
opinions	NNS
without	IN
it	PRP
meaning	VBG
I	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
stupid	JJ
.	.
NO	DT
ONE	CD
knows	VBZ
everything	NN
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
think	VBP
everyone	NN
is	VBZ
staring	VBG
at	IN
me	PRP
when	WRB
they	PRP
're	VBP
not	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
of	IN
course	NN
if	IN
I	PRP
fart	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
supermarket	NN
,	,
I	PRP
'd	MD
expect	VB
some	DT
might	MD
notice	VB
and	CC
give	VB
me	PRP
some	DT
not-so-nice	JJ
looks	VBZ
!	.
LOL	NNP
but	CC
I	PRP
can	MD
have	VB
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
humor	NN
about	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
a	DT
blemish	NN
on	IN
society	NN
because	IN
of	IN
it	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
death	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
father	NN
,	,
the	DT
death	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
grandmother	NN
,	,
one	CD
of	IN
my	PRP$
closest	JJS
friends	NNS
being	VBG
diagnosed	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
serious	JJ
illness	NN
,	,
losing	VBG
my	PRP$
full-time	JJ
job	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
income	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
twelve	CD
years	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
stressful	JJ
events	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
n't	RB
as	IN
though	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
all	DT
peachy-keen	NN
since	IN
being	VBG
recovered	VBN
.	.
Can	MD
I	PRP
predict	VB
exactly	RB
how	WRB
I	PRP
would	MD
handle	VB
other	JJ
incredibly	RB
traumatic	JJ
events	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
?	.
Of	IN
course	NN
not	RB
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
self-love	NN
and	CC
the	DT
skills	NNS
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
know	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
chances	NNS
of	IN
me	PRP
returning	VBG
to	TO
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
are	VBP
no	RB
greater	JJR
than	IN
for	IN
the	DT
average	JJ
healthy	JJ
never-suffered-an-ED	JJ
person	NN
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
hit	VBP
rock	NN
bottom	JJ
four	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
my	PRP$
sophomore	NN
year	NN
of	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
,	,
as	IN
I	PRP
danced	VBD
my	PRP$
way	NN
through	IN
my	PRP$
parent	NN
's	POS
horrified	JJ
glances	NNS
and	CC
my	PRP$
boyfriend	NN
's	POS
furious	JJ
frustration	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
incapable	JJ
of	IN
helping	VBG
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
hit	VBN
rock	NN
bottom	NN
last	JJ
summer	NN
,	,
while	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
working	VBG
at	IN
a	DT
coffee	NN
shop	NN
and	CC
doing	VBG
NOTHING	NNP
but	CC
obsessing	VBG
over	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
thought	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
hit	VBN
rock	NN
bottom	NN
the	DT
night	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
lay	VBD
alone	RB
in	IN
my	PRP$
bed	NN
silently	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
convince	VB
my	PRP$
heart	NN
to	TO
keep	VB
beating	NN
,	,
trying	VBG
to	TO
ignore	VB
the	DT
horror	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
haze	NN
of	IN
a	DT
life	NN
.	.
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
therapists	NNS
at	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
hospitals	NNS
they	PRP
checked	VBD
my	PRP$
ass	NN
into	IN
once	RB
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	WDT
''	''
...	:
rock	NN
bottom	NN
is	VBZ
really	RB
a	DT
good	JJ
thing	NN
,	,
because	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
only	RB
after	IN
you	PRP
slam	VBP
against	IN
it	PRP
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
start	VB
swimming	VBG
towards	IN
the	DT
surface	NN
again	RB
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
despise	VBP
admitting	VBG
that	IN
anything	NN
a	DT
shrink	VB
ever	RB
says	VBZ
is	VBZ
accurrate	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
feel	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
above	JJ
sentence	NN
deserves	VBZ
a	DT
little	JJ
credit	NN
.	.
I	PRP
finally	RB
hit	VBD
rock	NN
bottom	NN
.	.
After	IN
watching	VBG
as	IN
all	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
slowly	RB
trickled	VBD
away	RB
from	IN
the	DT
hopeless	JJ
pit	NN
of	IN
nothingness	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
become	VBN
,	,
after	IN
hearing	VBG
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
'	POS
sigh	NN
and	CC
tactfully	RB
call	VB
my	PRP$
bluffs	NNS
over	IN
the	DT
answering	NN
machine	NN
,	,
after	IN
living	VBG
only	RB
to	TO
devote	VB
myself	PRP
to	TO
my	PRP$
disorder	NN
,	,
and	CC
after	IN
destroying	VBG
a	DT
perfect	JJ
love	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
self-hatred	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBN
enough	RB
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
only	RB
been	VBN
in	IN
recovery	NN
for	IN
two	CD
months	NNS
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
know	VBP
-	:
with	IN
a	DT
level	NN
of	IN
certainty	NN
comparable	JJ
to	TO
Jeffery	NNP
Dahmer	NNP
's	POS
jury	NN
-	:
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
well	RB
on	IN
my	PRP$
way	NN
.	.
To	TO
my	PRP$
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
:	:
I	PRP
am	VBP
no	RB
longer	RB
hopelessly	RB
devoted	VBN
to	TO
you	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
no	RB
longer	RB
listen	VB
to	TO
your	PRP$
empty	JJ
,	,
joyless	JJ
whispers	NNS
.	.
To	TO
all	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
out	IN
there	RB
:	:
Rock	NNP
bottom	JJ
sucked	VBD
ass	NN
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
swim	VB
back	RB
up	RP
is	VBZ
full	JJ
of	IN
never	RB
before	RB
seen	VBN
beauty	NN
and	CC
the	DT
undeniable	JJ
feeling	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
alive	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
well	RB
worth	JJ
it	PRP
and	CC
so	RB
are	VBP
you	PRP
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
quote	NN
somewhere	RB
that	IN
says	VBZ
that	IN
says	VBZ
that	IN
``	``
happiness	NN
is	VBZ
seeing	VBG
yourself	PRP
as	IN
you	PRP
really	RB
are	VBP
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
and	CC
liking	VBG
it	PRP
.	.
''	''
For	IN
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
thought	VBD
that	IN
happiness	NN
would	MD
come	VB
on	IN
the	DT
day	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
skinniest	JJS
person	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
walked	VBD
into	IN
a	DT
room	NN
.	.
Perhaps	RB
I	PRP
even	RB
thought	VBD
that	IN
happiness	NN
would	MD
come	VB
when	WRB
I	PRP
died	VBD
from	IN
starvation	NN
.	.
Now	RB
I	PRP
realize	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
very	RB
wrong	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
happy	JJ
when	WRB
I	PRP
had	VBD
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
but	CC
now	RB
I	PRP
know	VBP
what	WP
it	PRP
means	VBZ
to	TO
feel	VB
joy	NN
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
2	CD
years	NNS
I	PRP
looked	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
and	CC
felt	VBD
hatred	NN
towards	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
More	JJR
than	IN
that	IN
I	PRP
looked	VBD
inside	IN
my	PRP$
heart	NN
and	CC
despised	VBD
who	WP
I	PRP
had	VBD
become	VBN
.	.
The	DT
little	JJ
girl	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
once	RB
beautiful	JJ
and	CC
full	JJ
of	IN
potential	JJ
had	VBD
become	VBN
a	DT
starving	VBG
child	NN
moving	VBG
closer	JJR
to	TO
death	NN
with	IN
each	DT
skipped	VBD
meal	NN
.	.
The	DT
hardest	JJS
part	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
all	DT
was	VBD
knowing	VBG
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
muster	VB
the	DT
strength	NN
to	TO
fight	VB
for	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
Ten	CD
months	NNS
ago	IN
an	DT
amazing	JJ
nun	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
mentor	NN
,	,
teacher	NN
,	,
and	CC
friend	NN
to	TO
me	PRP
sat	VBD
me	PRP
down	RP
in	IN
her	PRP$
classroom	NN
and	CC
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
choose	VB
between	IN
life	NN
and	CC
death	NN
.	.
She	PRP
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
follow	VB
God	NNP
's	POS
plan	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
because	IN
anorexia	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
God	NNP
's	POS
plan	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
walked	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
that	DT
room	NN
feeling	NN
angry	JJ
with	IN
her	PRP$
for	IN
intruding	VBG
in	IN
my	PRP$
little	JJ
world	NN
but	CC
that	DT
night	NN
I	PRP
swore	VBD
to	TO
myself	PRP
and	CC
to	TO
God	NNP
that	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
take	VB
a	DT
very	RB
serious	JJ
step	NN
towards	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
The	DT
next	JJ
day	NN
I	PRP
stopped	VBD
counting	VBG
calories	NNS
and	CC
recommitted	VBD
myself	PRP
to	TO
my	PRP$
therapy	NN
sessions	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
tore	VBD
the	DT
pages	NNS
out	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
calorie	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
monitoring	NN
notebook	NN
and	CC
used	VBD
what	WP
was	VBD
left	VBN
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
spiritual	JJ
journal	NN
.	.
People	NNS
may	MD
say	VB
that	IN
recovery	NN
ca	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
that	IN
simple	JJ
and	CC
that	IN
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
more	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
conversation	NN
to	TO
be	VB
the	DT
catalyst	NN
for	IN
such	JJ
a	DT
drastic	JJ
movement	NN
.	.
That	DT
may	MD
be	VB
true	JJ
but	CC
in	IN
my	PRP$
case	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
already	RB
learned	VBN
the	DT
skills	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
during	IN
two	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
therapy	NN
,	,
I	PRP
just	RB
needed	VBD
to	TO
finally	RB
impliment	VB
them	PRP
.	.
Initially	RB
it	PRP
was	VBD
hard	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
give	VB
up	RP
the	DT
control	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
thought	VBD
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
was	VBD
providing	VBG
me	PRP
with	IN
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
only	RB
been	VBN
through	IN
time	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
come	VBN
to	TO
understand	VB
that	DT
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
did	VBD
not	RB
provide	VB
me	PRP
with	IN
any	DT
real	JJ
control	NN
.	.
The	DT
real	JJ
control	NN
comes	VBZ
from	IN
making	VBG
healthy	JJ
choices	NNS
and	CC
from	IN
choosing	VBG
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
say	VB
that	IN
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
always	RB
easy	JJ
because	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
only	RB
say	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
worth	JJ
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
hard	JJ
work	NN
and	CC
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
tears	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
say	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
find	VB
a	DT
rainbow	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
look	VB
past	IN
the	DT
rain	NN
.	.
The	DT
same	JJ
is	VBZ
true	JJ
for	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Initially	RB
recovery	NN
looks	VBZ
like	IN
a	DT
storm	NN
but	CC
as	IN
you	PRP
peer	VBP
through	IN
the	DT
raindrops	NNS
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
life	NN
of	IN
beauty	NN
and	CC
joy	NN
awaiting	VBG
us	PRP
.	.
Sometimes	RB
I	PRP
still	RB
feel	VBP
like	IN
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
quit	VB
and	CC
return	VB
to	TO
my	PRP$
old	JJ
habits	NNS
but	CC
I	PRP
know	VBP
in	IN
my	PRP$
heart	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
never	RB
do	VB
that	DT
because	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
is	VBZ
too	RB
valuable	JJ
to	TO
waste	VB
on	IN
a	DT
disease	NN
that	WDT
leads	VBZ
to	TO
destruction	NN
.	.
Monday	NNP
I	PRP
turned	VBD
17	CD
and	CC
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
in	IN
three	CD
years	NNS
I	PRP
enjoyed	VBD
eating	VBG
my	PRP$
own	JJ
birthday	NN
cake	NN
.	.
This	DT
may	MD
sound	VB
like	IN
a	DT
small	JJ
victory	NN
to	TO
some	DT
but	CC
for	IN
me	PRP
it	PRP
means	VBZ
everything	NN
.	.
Tonight	NNP
,	,
as	IN
everynight	NN
,	,
before	IN
I	PRP
go	VBP
to	TO
bed	NN
I	PRP
will	MD
say	VB
a	DT
prayer	NN
of	IN
thanks	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
God	NNP
who	WP
led	VBD
me	PRP
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
darkness	NN
and	CC
into	IN
the	DT
light	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
will	MD
pray	VB
for	IN
all	PDT
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
still	RB
searching	VBG
for	IN
an	DT
end	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Before	IN
I	PRP
went	VBD
for	IN
help	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
was	VBD
at	IN
its	PRP$
worst	JJS
,	,
binging	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
was	VBD
happening	VBG
on	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
basis	NN
,	,
every	DT
weekend	NN
.	.
Some	DT
of	IN
these	DT
sessions	NNS
were	VBD
planned	VBN
,	,
some	DT
just	RB
came	VBD
without	IN
my	PRP$
awareness	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
stop	VB
.	.
I	PRP
finally	RB
got	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
point	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
just	RB
sick	JJ
and	CC
tired	JJ
of	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
energy	NN
into	IN
food	NN
obsession	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
and	CC
exercise	NN
addiction	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
finally	RB
went	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
internet	NN
and	CC
punched	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
words	NNS
www.OvereatersAnonymous.com	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
what	WP
made	VBD
me	PRP
think	VB
of	IN
OA	NNP
or	CC
what	WP
,	,
I	PRP
never	RB
really	RB
had	VBD
heard	VBN
too	RB
much	RB
of	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
always	RB
thought	VBD
it	PRP
was	VBD
for	IN
old	JJ
overweight	JJ
women	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
that	DT
is	VBZ
what	WP
saved	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
OA	NNP
since	IN
October	NNP
2001	CD
and	CC
have	VBP
not	RB
binged	VBN
or	CC
overate	VB
since	IN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
gained	VBN
#####	CD
pounds	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
food	NN
obsession	NN
is	VBZ
gone	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
on	IN
a	DT
food	NN
plan	NN
for	IN
life	NN
,	,
leaving	VBG
out	RP
certain	JJ
foods	NNS
that	WDT
gave	VBD
me	PRP
problems	NNS
and	CC
led	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
eat	VB
more	JJR
than	IN
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
sugar	NN
and	CC
refined	VBN
carbohydrates	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
and	CC
helpful	JJ
aspect	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
,	,
I	PRP
feel	VBP
,	,
is	VBZ
the	DT
fellowship	NN
the	DT
program	NN
offers	VBZ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
new	JJ
``	``
family	NN
''	''
here	RB
that	IN
understands	VBZ
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
people	NNS
who	WP
I	PRP
can	MD
call	VB
any	DT
time	NN
of	IN
the	DT
day	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
when	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
home	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
talk	VB
about	IN
my	PRP$
fears	NNS
,	,
insecurities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
issues	NNS
that	WDT
come	VBP
up	RP
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
really	RB
need	VBP
this	DT
support	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
only	RB
someone	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
be	VB
it	PRP
overeating	NN
or	CC
undereating	NN
,	,
understands	VBZ
me	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
family	NN
and	CC
friends	NNS
dont	JJ
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
dont	VBP
expect	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
.	.
Since	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
very	RB
blessed	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
not	RB
binged	VBN
or	CC
purged	VBN
for	IN
about	RB
6	CD
months	NNS
now	RB
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
free	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
what	WP
really	RB
was	VBD
eating	VBG
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
working	VBG
on	IN
what	WP
made	VBD
me	PRP
undereat	NN
and	CC
overeat	NN
and	CC
hate	NN
myself	PRP
for	IN
so	RB
long	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
painful	JJ
at	IN
times	NNS
,	,
and	CC
there	EX
are	VBP
definitely	RB
days	NNS
I	PRP
feel	VBP
fat	JJ
and	CC
want	VB
to	TO
restrict	VB
food	NN
again	RB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
know	VBP
these	DT
are	VBP
normal	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
act	VB
on	IN
these	DT
feelings	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
happier	JJR
than	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
ever	RB
been	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
thought	VBD
I	PRP
could	MD
get	VB
to	TO
where	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
it	PRP
would	MD
take	VB
a	DT
miracle	NN
if	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
and	CC
body	NN
obsession	NN
would	MD
go	VB
away	RB
.	.
And	CC
a	DT
miracle	NN
did	VBD
happen	VB
.	.
A	DT
new	JJ
Rose	NNP
is	VBZ
blooming	VBG
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
great	JJ
to	TO
see	VB
me	PRP
grow	VB
and	CC
learn	VB
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
say	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
recovered	VBN
bulimic	JJ
and	CC
in	IN
recovery	NN
from	IN
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
learned	VBN
techniques	NNS
to	TO
keep	VB
myself	PRP
in	IN
recovery	NN
but	CC
I	PRP
still	RB
have	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
vigilant	JJ
not	RB
to	TO
get	VB
back	RB
into	IN
bad	JJ
habits	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
diagnosed	VBN
with	IN
bulimia	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
seventeen	JJ
although	IN
my	PRP$
problems	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
had	VBD
taken	VBN
hold	NN
by	IN
fifteen	CD
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
terribly	RB
unhappy	JJ
at	IN
school	NN
and	CC
started	VBD
to	TO
turn	VB
to	TO
food	NN
for	IN
comfort	NN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
came	VBD
home	NN
after	IN
a	DT
day	NN
at	IN
school	NN
,	,
the	DT
first	JJ
thing	NN
I	PRP
would	MD
do	VB
was	VBD
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
`	``
kitkat	NN
'	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
kind	NN
of	IN
candy	NN
bar	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
a	DT
drink	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
this	DT
routine	JJ
changed	VBN
and	CC
I	PRP
realized	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
having	VBG
four	CD
or	CC
five	CD
kit-kats	NNS
,	,
unwrapping	VBG
and	CC
eating	VBG
them	PRP
in	IN
quick	JJ
sucession	NN
.	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
worry	VB
about	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
Maybe	RB
if	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
slimmer	JJR
I	PRP
would	MD
feel	VB
more	RBR
confident	JJ
and	CC
attractive	JJ
and	CC
be	VB
happier	JJR
at	IN
school	NN
?	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
dieting	NN
feriociously	RB
,	,
even	RB
taking	VBG
the	DT
breadcrumbs	NNS
off	IN
my	PRP$
fishfingers	NNS
and	CC
banning	VBG
any	DT
sort	NN
of	IN
sauce	NN
,	,
sugar	NN
or	CC
salt	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
diet	NN
.	.
I	PRP
exercised	VBD
whenever	WRB
I	PRP
could	MD
and	CC
became	VBD
very	RB
slim	JJ
indeed	RB
.	.
When	WRB
,	,
finally	RB
,	,
I	PRP
relaxed	VBD
my	PRP$
diet	NN
I	PRP
regained	VBD
some	DT
weight	NN
.	.
The	DT
weight	NN
gain	NN
panicked	VBD
me	PRP
I	PRP
began	VBD
starving	VBG
myself	PRP
for	IN
long	JJ
periods	NNS
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
body	NN
would	MD
rebel	NN
against	IN
such	JJ
treatment	NN
and	CC
when	WRB
I	PRP
finally	RB
did	VBD
eat	VB
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
huge	JJ
and	CC
involuntary	JJ
binge	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'd	MD
try	VB
and	CC
limit	VB
the	DT
damage	NN
by	IN
purging	VBG
and	CC
starving	VBG
for	IN
as	RB
long	JJ
as	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
but	CC
still	RB
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
get	VB
my	PRP$
body	NN
as	IN
slim	JJ
as	IN
I	PRP
'd	MD
like	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
never	RB
very	RB
`	``
successful	JJ
'	''
at	IN
purging	VBG
and	CC
eventually	RB
I	PRP
gave	VBD
up	RP
on	IN
that	DT
method	NN
of	IN
`	``
weight	NN
control	NN
'	''
.	.
By	IN
the	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
nineteen	VBN
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
fully	RB
fledged	VBN
compulsive	JJ
overeater	NN
.	.
This	DT
time	NN
the	DT
main	JJ
source	NN
of	IN
unhappiness	NN
was	VBD
my	PRP$
ill	JJ
health	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
condition	NN
called	VBN
M.E.	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
the	DT
restrictions	NNS
it	PRP
had	VBD
placed	VBN
on	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
exactly	RB
what	WDT
brought	VBD
me	PRP
out	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
and	CC
into	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
it	PRP
was	VBD
learning	VBG
to	TO
recognize	VB
my	PRP$
feelings	NNS
of	IN
distress	NN
as	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
just	RB
a	DT
prompt	JJ
to	TO
binge	NN
but	CC
as	IN
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
express	VB
my	PRP$
upset	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
cultivated	VBN
healthy	JJ
habits	NNS
,	,
not	RB
just	RB
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
how	WRB
I	PRP
eat	VBP
but	CC
also	RB
in	IN
my	PRP$
mental	JJ
health	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
used	VBN
this	DT
website	NN
regularly	RB
-	:
I	PRP
still	RB
do	VBP
-	:
as	IN
an	DT
outlet	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
feelings	NNS
and	CC
my	PRP$
fears	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
learned	VBD
that	IN
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
one	CD
way	NN
street	NN
but	CC
it	PRP
has	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
kept	VBN
alive	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
journal	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
only	RB
look	VBP
at	IN
magazines	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
positive	JJ
self-image	NN
messages	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
spend	VBP
minimal	JJ
time	NN
with	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
make	VBP
me	PRP
feel	VB
inadequate	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
more	JJR
assertive	JJ
if	IN
people	NNS
try	VBP
and	CC
impose	VBP
themselves	PRP
on	IN
me	PRP
.	.
In	IN
short	RB
,	,
I	PRP
've	VBP
learned	VBN
what	WP
makes	VBZ
me	PRP
feel	VB
bad	JJ
about	IN
myself	PRP
and	CC
choose	VB
ways	NNS
of	IN
feeling	NN
positive	JJ
instead	RB
.	.
I	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
pretend	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
never	RB
overeat	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
sometimes	RB
.	.
Occassionally	RB
when	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
deeply	RB
upset	JJ
I	PRP
still	RB
find	VBP
myself	PRP
eating	VBG
more	JJR
candy	NN
bars	NNS
than	IN
I	PRP
think	VBP
is	VBZ
ideal	JJ
.	.
The	DT
difference	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
pretty	RB
much	RB
ok	VB
with	IN
that	DT
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
other	JJ
ways	NNS
of	IN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
my	PRP$
upsets	NNS
and	CC
food	NN
is	VBZ
no	RB
longer	RBR
my	PRP$
only	JJ
comfort	NN
and	CC
pleasure	NN
.	.
I	PRP
keep	VBP
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
perspective	NN
and	CC
a	DT
much	JJ
healthier	RBR
diet	NN
and	CC
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
by	IN
addressing	VBG
my	PRP$
feelings	NNS
rather	RB
than	IN
just	RB
banning	VBG
certain	JJ
foods	NNS
.	.
As	IN
I	PRP
write	VBP
this	DT
I	PRP
am	VBP
recovering	VBG
from	IN
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
binge	NN
eating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
have	VBP
a	DT
certain	JJ
vulnerability	NN
for	IN
all	DT
of	IN
these	DT
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
recovering	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
place	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
n't	RB
been	VBN
to	TO
for	IN
decades	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
losses	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
great	JJ
,	,
but	CC
now	RB
my	PRP$
returns	NNS
are	VBP
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
what	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
doing	VBG
,	,
returning	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
returning	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
person	NN
I	PRP
used	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
so	RB
long	RB
ago	RB
,	,
the	DT
person	NN
I	PRP
started	VBD
out	RP
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
this	DT
,	,
then	RB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
sure	JJ
that	IN
others	NNS
can	MD
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
making	VBG
hard	JJ
choices	NNS
that	WDT
become	VBP
easier	JJR
and	CC
easier	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
giving	VBG
myself	PRP
focus	VB
and	CC
a	DT
new	JJ
and	CC
healthy	JJ
path	NN
to	TO
explore	VB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
changing	VBG
my	PRP$
entire	JJ
lifestyle	NN
to	TO
facilitate	VB
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
make	VB
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
more	RBR
broadly	RB
based	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
getting	VBG
stronger	JJR
every	DT
day	NN
in	IN
mind	NN
,	,
in	IN
body	NN
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
spirit	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
putting	VBG
all	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
resources	NNS
to	TO
good	JJ
use	NN
on	IN
this	DT
one	CD
,	,
most	RBS
important	JJ
,	,
task	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
changing	VBG
my	PRP$
emotional	JJ
life	NN
for	IN
the	DT
better	JJR
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
so	RB
many	JJ
ways	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
often	RB
surprised	VBN
by	IN
it	PRP
all	DT
.	.
Instead	RB
of	IN
spiraling	VBG
down	RP
to	TO
the	DT
depths	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
spiraling	VBG
upward	RB
and	CC
outward	RB
.	.
I	PRP
improve	VBP
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
expand	VBP
my	PRP$
experience	NN
in	IN
many	JJ
new	JJ
and	CC
positive	JJ
directions	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
altered	VBN
my	PRP$
perceptions	NNS
back	RB
to	TO
a	DT
very	RB
realistic	JJ
place	NN
.	.
I	PRP
now	RB
know	VBP
what	WP
a	DT
healthy	JJ
meal	NN
should	MD
look	VB
like	IN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
what	WP
I	PRP
should	MD
look	VB
like	IN
.	.
What	WP
was	VBD
distorted	VBN
has	VBZ
regained	VBN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
shape	NN
.	.
In	IN
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
paid	VBN
much	JJ
attention	NN
to	TO
my	PRP$
perceptions	NNS
,	,
in	IN
how	WRB
they	PRP
can	MD
get	VB
me	PRP
into	IN
trouble	NN
and	CC
in	IN
how	WRB
things	NNS
should	MD
really	RB
be	VB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
escaped	VBN
from	IN
a	DT
place	NN
where	WRB
there	EX
was	VBD
no	DT
real	JJ
freedom	NN
,	,
no	DT
real	JJ
choice	NN
,	,
and	CC
no	DT
real	JJ
joy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
this	DT
out	IN
of	IN
desperation	NN
at	IN
first	RB
,	,
and	CC
later	RB
out	RB
of	IN
resolve	NN
to	TO
never	RB
return	VB
to	TO
the	DT
depths	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
chosen	VBN
life	NN
over	IN
death	NN
,	,
health	NN
over	IN
illness	NN
,	,
joy	NN
over	IN
sorrow	NN
,	,
and	CC
freedom	NN
over	IN
bondage	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
many	JJ
personal	JJ
resources	NNS
,	,
but	CC
no	DT
more	JJR
than	IN
others	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
professional	NN
,	,
but	CC
that	DT
training	NN
did	VBD
not	RB
save	VB
me	PRP
as	RB
much	RB
as	IN
my	PRP$
resolve	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
hard	JJ
work	NN
did	VBD
.	.
My	PRP$
training	NN
comes	VBZ
in	IN
handy	JJ
,	,
but	CC
my	PRP$
humanity	NN
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
real	JJ
strength	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
instincts	NNS
proved	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
sound	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
end	NN
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
triple	JJ
threat	NN
of	IN
the	DT
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
binge	NN
eating	NN
,	,
it	PRP
might	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
hard	JJ
to	TO
discover	VB
a	DT
way	NN
out	IN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
I	PRP
felt	VBD
that	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
handled	VBD
one	CD
problem	NN
it	PRP
would	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
improvement	NN
in	IN
the	DT
others	NNS
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
gave	VBD
myself	PRP
hope	VB
.	.
I	PRP
made	VBD
hard	JJ
choices	NNS
and	CC
did	VBD
hard	JJ
work	NN
at	IN
times	NNS
,	,
trusting	VBG
that	IN
things	NNS
would	MD
get	VB
better	JJR
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
dealt	VBD
with	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
pressing	JJ
things	NNS
first	RB
,	,
day	NN
by	IN
day	NN
and	CC
from	IN
moment	NN
to	TO
moment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
took	VBD
small	JJ
steps	NNS
at	IN
first	RB
,	,
so	RB
long	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
in	IN
healthy	JJ
directions	NNS
.	.
Now	RB
,	,
as	IN
I	PRP
redouble	VBP
once	RB
again	RB
my	PRP$
efforts	NNS
toward	IN
health	NN
,	,
I	PRP
find	VBP
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
helpful	JJ
to	TO
me	PRP
to	TO
reach	VB
out	RP
in	IN
this	DT
message	NN
to	TO
others	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
sincerely	RB
hope	VBP
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
something	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
written	VBN
that	DT
is	VBZ
of	IN
use	NN
,	,
that	WDT
is	VBZ
encouraging	VBG
.	.
May	NNP
your	PRP$
road	NN
be	VB
easier	JJR
than	IN
mine	NN
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
not	RB
may	MD
you	PRP
finally	RB
find	VBP
joy	NN
and	CC
some	DT
semblance	NN
of	IN
renewal	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
male	JJ
high	JJ
school	NN
varsity	NN
athlete	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
road	NN
to	TO
recovering	VBG
from	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
which	WDT
hit	VBD
me	PRP
early	RB
in	IN
my	PRP$
track	NN
and	CC
field	NN
career	NN
.	.
I	PRP
decided	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
to	TO
loose	JJ
weight	NN
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
times	NNS
than	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
was	VBD
already	RB
a	DT
varsity	NN
athlete	NN
and	CC
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
faster	RBR
runners	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
to	TO
do	VB
this	DT
I	PRP
stopped	VBD
eating	VBG
and	CC
worked	VBD
out	RP
constantly	RB
.	.
I	PRP
got	VBD
down	RB
to	TO
the	DT
weight	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
and	CC
my	PRP$
times	NNS
seemed	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
getting	VBG
better	JJR
.	.
With	IN
each	DT
pound	NN
lost	VBD
I	PRP
decided	VBD
to	TO
loose	VB
more	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
became	VBD
``	``
obsessed	VBN
''	''
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
an	DT
intense	JJ
fear	NN
of	IN
becoming	VBG
fat	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
weigh	VB
myself	PRP
every	DT
half	NN
and	CC
hour	NN
or	CC
twenty	CD
or	CC
so	RB
minutes	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
normally	RB
very	RB
close	JJ
to	TO
my	PRP$
family	NN
but	CC
suddenly	RB
I	PRP
got	VBD
into	IN
fights	NNS
with	IN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
constantly	RB
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
started	VBD
to	TO
beat	VB
up	RP
my	PRP$
brother	NN
for	IN
no	DT
reason	NN
at	IN
all	DT
except	IN
he	PRP
disagreed	VBD
with	IN
something	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
said	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
kept	VBD
working	VBG
out	RB
hard	RB
and	CC
I	PRP
kept	VBD
loosing	VBG
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
very	RB
little	JJ
energy	NN
for	IN
anything	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
track	NN
practice	NN
and	CC
despite	IN
this	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
energy	NN
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
force	VB
myself	PRP
to	TO
work	VB
out	RP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
also	RB
getting	VBG
colds	NNS
easily	RB
.	.
I	PRP
won	VBD
the	DT
section	NN
and	CC
made	VBD
an	DT
appearance	NN
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
meet	VB
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
where	WRB
the	DT
disorder	NN
caught	VBD
up	RP
with	IN
me	PRP
.	.
The	DT
day	NN
before	IN
the	DT
meet	VBP
I	PRP
worked	VBD
out	RP
very	RB
hard	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
keep	VB
my	PRP$
weight	NN
down	RB
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
eat	VB
enough	RB
to	TO
refuel	VB
my	PRP$
body	NN
because	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
pasta	NN
dinner	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
eat	VB
any	DT
carbohydrates	NNS
.	.
The	DT
meet	VBP
came	VBD
and	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
ready	JJ
to	TO
start	VB
my	PRP$
race	NN
.	.
The	DT
gun	NN
went	VBD
off	RB
and	CC
the	DT
race	NN
was	VBD
one	CD
of	IN
my	PRP$
worst	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
season	NN
.	.
I	PRP
ended	VBD
up	RP
22nd	CD
out	IN
of	IN
28	CD
and	CC
I	PRP
ran	VBD
a	DT
bad	JJ
time	NN
when	WRB
every	DT
other	JJ
kid	NN
in	IN
the	DT
race	NN
beat	VBD
their	PRP$
season	NN
's	POS
best	JJS
time	NN
.	.
Finally	RB
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
talked	VBD
to	TO
me	PRP
about	IN
my	PRP$
habits	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
my	PRP$
mom	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
social	JJ
worker	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
they	PRP
got	VBD
me	PRP
the	DT
help	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
because	IN
I	PRP
hated	VBD
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
starving	VBG
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
so	RB
glad	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
got	VBD
the	DT
help	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
been	VBN
about	RB
6	CD
months	NNS
since	IN
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
recover	VB
and	CC
I	PRP
feel	VBP
better	JJR
than	IN
ever	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
on	IN
an	DT
exercise	NN
schedule	NN
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
stay	VB
in	IN
shape	NN
,	,
not	RB
to	TO
loose	JJ
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
also	RB
accepted	VBN
a	DT
baseball	NN
scholarship	NN
to	TO
play	VB
for	IN
a	DT
NCAA	NNP
Division	NNP
II	NNP
program	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
baseball	NN
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
favorite	JJ
sport	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
which	WDT
puts	VBZ
me	PRP
a	DT
step	NN
closer	RBR
to	TO
making	VBG
the	DT
major	JJ
leagues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
what	WP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
like	IN
to	TO
suffer	VB
from	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
help	VB
those	DT
who	WP
,	,
like	IN
me	PRP
,	,
suffer	VBP
or	CC
have	VBP
suffered	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
ashamed	JJ
to	TO
admit	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
the	DT
disorder	NN
even	RB
though	IN
males	NNS
are	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
small	JJ
percentage	NN
of	IN
suffering	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
know	VBP
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
very	RB
easy	JJ
to	TO
slip	VB
back	RB
into	IN
my	PRP$
harmful	JJ
habits	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
keep	VB
myself	PRP
on	IN
the	DT
right	JJ
track	NN
to	TO
eating	VBG
right	JJ
and	CC
maintaining	VBG
a	DT
HEALTHY	JJ
body	NN
weight	NN
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
overcome	VB
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
,	,
anybody	NN
can	MD
overcome	VB
it	PRP
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
wonder	VBP
if	IN
Lexie	NNP
even	RB
realizes	VBZ
that	IN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
''	''
These	DT
words	NNS
echoed	VBD
off	RP
the	DT
wall	NN
of	IN
the	DT
therapy	NN
room	NN
.	.
All	DT
eyes	NNS
were	VBD
on	IN
me	PRP
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
therapists	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
a	DT
partial	JJ
program	NN
for	IN
self	NN
harm	NN
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
think	VB
we	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
talking	VBG
about	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
habbits	NNS
,	,
but	CC
Matt	NNP
did	VBD
.	.
He	PRP
confronted	VBD
me	PRP
with	IN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
then	RB
listed	VBN
all	DT
of	IN
mine	NN
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
matched	VBD
up	RP
perfectly	RB
.	.
He	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
move	VB
on	IN
until	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
admit	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
me	PRP
five	CD
minutes	NNS
to	TO
say	VB
it	PRP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
said	VBD
it	PRP
with	IN
tears	NNS
streaming	VBG
down	RP
my	PRP$
face	NN
and	CC
staring	VBG
down	RP
at	IN
the	DT
floor	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
did	VBD
say	VB
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
look	VBP
back	RB
and	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
understand	VB
how	WRB
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
so	RB
blind	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
mean	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
national	JJ
athletic	JJ
career	NN
going	VBG
at	IN
one	CD
point	NN
,	,
until	IN
I	PRP
became	VBD
too	RB
weak	JJ
to	TO
train	VB
,	,
and	CC
thus	RB
tore	VBD
my	PRP$
tendons	NNS
off	IN
the	DT
bone	NN
.	.
I	PRP
became	VBD
so	RB
anemic	JJ
that	IN
my	PRP$
bone	NN
marrow	NN
was	VBD
depleted	VBN
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
am	VBP
supposed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
smart	JJ
,	,
so	RB
how	WRB
did	VBD
I	PRP
miss	VBP
this	DT
?	.
''	''
was	VBD
what	WP
I	PRP
was	VBD
thinking	VBG
.	.
And	CC
then	RB
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
try	VB
and	CC
beat	VB
anorexia	NN
with	IN
all	DT
my	PRP$
book	NN
knowledge	NN
.	.
I	PRP
read	VBP
up	RP
on	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
talked	VBD
to	TO
people	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
came	VBD
here	RB
.	.
I	PRP
tried	VBD
to	TO
think	VB
it	PRP
away	RB
without	IN
ever	RB
dealing	VBG
with	IN
what	WP
was	VBD
behind	IN
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
me	PRP
multiple	JJ
hospitalizations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
partial	JJ
program	NN
,	,
and	CC
having	VBG
the	DT
paramedics	NNS
come	VBP
to	TO
my	PRP$
house	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
heart	NN
attack	NN
to	TO
realize	VB
two	CD
things	NNS
:	:
A	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
It	PRP
definitely	RB
has	VBZ
nothing	NN
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
how	WRB
smart	JJ
you	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
and	CC
B	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
To	TO
get	VB
rid	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
illness	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
have	VB
to	TO
face	VB
what	WP
was	VBD
behind	IN
everything	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
have	VB
to	TO
learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
the	DT
pain	NN
.	.
Deciding	VBG
to	TO
do	VB
that	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
hardest	JJS
decision	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
ever	RB
had	VBN
to	TO
make	VB
.	.
It	PRP
meant	VBD
changing	VBG
my	PRP$
lifestyle	NN
.	.
It	PRP
meant	VBD
taking	VBG
risks	NNS
.	.
and	CC
it	PRP
meant	VBD
trusting	VBG
my	PRP$
treatment	NN
team	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
uncovering	VBG
what	WP
lay	VBD
behind	IN
the	DT
ED	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
relapsed	VBD
once	RB
and	CC
ended	VBD
up	RP
IP	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
ashamed	JJ
of	IN
that	DT
at	IN
first	RB
,	,
but	CC
then	RB
I	PRP
realized	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
went	VBD
there	RB
on	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
will	NN
to	TO
prevent	VB
things	NNS
from	IN
getting	VBG
worse	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
got	VBD
ahold	NN
of	IN
things	NNS
again	RB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
walked	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
those	DT
doors	NNS
a	DT
stronger	JJR
person	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
still	RB
in	IN
therapy	NN
.	.
The	DT
things	NNS
I	PRP
uncovered	VBD
will	MD
not	RB
go	VB
away	RB
very	RB
quickly	RB
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
days	NNS
when	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
pain	NN
that	IN
tears	NNS
me	PRP
apart	RB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
think	VBP
for	IN
a	DT
second	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
make	VB
it	PRP
all	RB
better	RB
if	IN
I	PRP
just	RB
stopped	VBD
eating	VBG
.	.
But	CC
then	RB
I	PRP
realize	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
almost	RB
died	VBD
that	DT
way	NN
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
I	PRP
let	VBP
that	IN
happen	VB
,	,
then	RB
I	PRP
will	MD
never	RB
get	VB
the	DT
chance	NN
to	TO
experience	VB
the	DT
final	JJ
victory	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
going	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
mine	JJ
when	WRB
the	DT
emotional	JJ
wounds	NNS
are	VBP
healed	VBN
.	.
After	IN
12	CD
long	JJ
years	NNS
of	IN
destroying	VBG
,	,
self-mutilating	NN
,	,
hurting	VBG
,	,
and	CC
torturing	VBG
myself	PRP
,	,
inside	IN
and	CC
out	IN
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
now	RB
look	VB
into	IN
a	DT
mirror	NN
and	CC
see	VB
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
But	CC
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
in	IN
so	RB
long	RB
,	,
I	PRP
see	VBP
beyond	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
physical	JJ
characteristics	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
look	VB
through	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
eyes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
see	VB
inside	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
feel	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
heart	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
mind	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
soul	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
very	RB
own	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
someone	NN
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
always	RB
been	VBN
``	``
someone	NN
''	''
,	,
a	DT
person	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
trapped	VBN
and	CC
caged	VBN
inside	IN
the	DT
body	NN
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
victim	NN
.	.
I	PRP
allowed	VBD
such	PDT
an	DT
illness	NN
to	TO
take	VB
total	JJ
control	NN
of	IN
me	PRP
and	CC
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
allowed	VBD
Bulimia	NNP
to	TO
become	VB
every	DT
aspect	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
existence	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
way	NN
of	IN
life	NN
,	,
all	DT
that	IN
I	PRP
knew	VBD
of	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
had	VBD
my	PRP$
31st	JJ
birthday	NN
,	,
this	DT
past	JJ
year	NN
,	,
all	DT
I	PRP
could	MD
celebrate	VB
was	VBD
the	DT
years	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
Bulimic	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
entire	JJ
adult	NN
life	NN
,	,
since	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
19	CD
,	,
had	VBD
stood	VBN
still	RB
.	.
I	PRP
finally	RB
realized	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
never	RB
truly	RB
``	``
grew-up	JJ
''	''
,	,
or	CC
matured	VBN
.	.
Bulimia	NN
became	VBD
my	PRP$
way	NN
of	IN
avoiding	VBG
reality	NN
,	,
life	NN
,	,
and	CC
being	VBG
a	DT
mother	NN
,	,
a	DT
wife	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
oldest	JJS
daughter	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
wish	VB
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
on	IN
my	PRP$
worst	JJS
enemy	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
've	VBP
come	VBN
to	TO
acknowledge	VB
that	IN
Bulimia	NNP
will	MD
always	RB
be	VB
some	DT
part	NN
of	IN
me	PRP
and	CC
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
no	RB
longer	RBR
feel	VB
ashamed	JJ
,	,
embarrassed	JJ
,	,
guilty	JJ
,	,
or	CC
humiliated	VBN
for	IN
having	VBG
or	CC
struggling	VBG
through	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
step	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
was	VBD
taking	VBG
responsibility	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
actions	NNS
,	,
becoming	VBG
aware	JJ
that	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
have	VBP
so	RB
little	JJ
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
food	NN
or	CC
eating	NN
,	,
or	CC
not	RB
eating	VBG
,	,
or	CC
overeating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'll	MD
be	VB
one	CD
of	IN
many	JJ
who	WP
will	MD
admit	VB
to	TO
bingeing	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
to	TO
``	``
lose	VB
weight	NN
''	''
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
maintain	VB
a	DT
weight	NN
,	,
but	CC
eventually	RB
,	,
that	IN
sticking	VBG
fingers	NNS
down	IN
my	PRP$
throat	NN
to	TO
vomit	VB
,	,
or	CC
those	DT
``	``
pig	NN
out	RP
''	''
sessions	NNS
,	,
or	CC
popping	VBG
laxatives	NNS
like	IN
candy	NN
,	,
or	CC
those	DT
starvation	NN
diets	NNS
,	,
go	VBP
far	RB
above	RB
and	CC
beyond	IN
a	DT
scale	NN
reading	NN
.	.
Bulimia	NN
became	VBD
my	PRP$
drug	NN
of	IN
choice	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
,	,
so-called	JJ
,	,
addiction	NN
.	.
I	PRP
used	VBD
it	PRP
for	IN
escape	NN
,	,
release	NN
,	,
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
life	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
my	PRP$
lifestyle	NN
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
write	VB
for	IN
hours	NNS
about	IN
my	PRP$
experience	NN
with	IN
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
starting	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
``	``
tryed	VBD
it	PRP
''	''
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
to	TO
the	DT
numerous	JJ
times	NNS
I	PRP
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
I	PRP
'll	MD
do	VB
it	PRP
one	CD
last	JJ
time	NN
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
I	PRP
'll	MD
stop	VB
''	''
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
to	TO
the	DT
times	NNS
I	PRP
convinced	JJ
myself	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
Bulimic	JJ
quite	RB
yet	RB
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
through	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
12	CD
years	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
hundreds	NNS
of	IN
stories	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
share	VB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
guarantee	VBP
that	IN
hundreds	NNS
of	IN
``	``
you	PRP
''	''
could	MD
relate	VB
to	TO
them	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
recovering	VBG
Anorexic	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
met	VBD
in	IN
a	DT
psychiatric	JJ
hospital	NN
6	CD
months	NNS
ago	RB
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
spent	VBN
the	DT
last	JJ
year	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
in	IN
therapy	NN
,	,
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
on	IN
``	``
medication	NN
''	''
and	CC
I	PRP
''	''
m	VB
seeing	VBG
a	DT
psychiatrist	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
treated	VBN
for	IN
alcohol	NN
abuse	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
hopitalized	VBN
twice	RB
for	IN
attempted	VBN
suicide	NN
,	,
and	CC
for	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
through	IN
it	PRP
all	DT
!	.
All	DT
I	PRP
really	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
say	VB
is	VBZ
that	IN
``	``
you	PRP
're	VBP
''	''
not	RB
alone	RB
.	.
People	NNS
do	VBP
find	VB
hope	NN
in	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
to	TO
live	VB
without	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
to	TO
carry	VB
on	RP
with	IN
a	DT
``	``
normal	JJ
''	''
and	CC
thriving	VBG
life	NN
-	:
I	PRP
am	VBP
proof	NN
of	IN
that	DT
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
how	WRB
``	``
you	PRP
''	''
feel	VB
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
you	PRP
go	VBP
through	IN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
there	RB
and	CC
back	RB
,	,
and	CC
back	RB
again	RB
so	RB
many	JJ
times	NNS
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
did	VBD
find	VB
peace	NN
within	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
found	VBD
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
freedom	NN
from	IN
the	DT
walls	NNS
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
chained	JJ
to	TO
.	.
Just	RB
remember	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
in	IN
``	``
you	PRP
''	''
-	:
inside	IN
of	IN
you	PRP
-	:
and	CC
start	VB
from	IN
there	RB
.	.
``	``
You	PRP
''	''
are	VBP
all	DT
you	PRP
truly	RB
have	VBP
in	IN
this	DT
life	NN
,	,
and	CC
do	VB
not	RB
let	VB
anyone	NN
tell	VB
you	PRP
otherwise	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
name	NN
is	VBZ
Erika	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
22-years	JJ
old	JJ
and	CC
struggled	VBD
with	IN
an	DT
ed	VBN
for	IN
years	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
crept	VBD
up	RP
on	IN
me	PRP
...	:
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
getting	VBG
fit	NN
,	,
healthy	JJ
,	,
strong	JJ
.	.
Instead	RB
,	,
though	IN
all	DT
of	IN
that	DT
may	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
true	JJ
at	IN
first	RB
,	,
it	PRP
sucked	VBD
me	PRP
in	IN
so	RB
quickly	RB
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
surprise	NN
to	TO
wake	VB
up	RP
one	CD
day	NN
and	CC
realize	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
sick	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
year	NN
or	CC
two	CD
since	IN
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	JJ
website	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
hard	JJ
to	TO
think	VB
about	IN
it	PRP
at	IN
first	RB
,	,
after	IN
I	PRP
knew	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
worst	JJS
part	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
--	:
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
incredulous	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
actually	RB
escaped	VBN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
to	TO
put	VB
it	PRP
on	IN
a	DT
back	RB
burner	NN
for	IN
awhile	RB
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
easy	JJ
to	TO
return	VB
to	TO
it	PRP
,	,
that	IN
malicious	JJ
old	JJ
friend	NN
that	WDT
pets	NNS
you	PRP
and	CC
makes	VBZ
you	PRP
think	VBP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
an	DT
undeniable	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
you	PRP
.	.
And	CC
you	PRP
know	VBP
,	,
secretly	RB
,	,
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
really	RB
gnawing	NN
away	RB
at	IN
the	DT
inside	NN
of	IN
you	PRP
,	,
emptying	VBG
you	PRP
from	IN
the	DT
inside	NN
out	RP
,	,
like	IN
a	DT
worm	NN
in	IN
an	DT
apple	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
try	VB
to	TO
stay	VB
shiny	JJ
and	CC
bright	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
outside	JJ
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
hard	JJ
to	TO
pretend	VB
because	IN
that	DT
worm	NN
is	VBZ
still	RB
there	RB
.	.
Returning	VBG
to	TO
an	DT
ed	VBN
can	MD
be	VB
easy	JJ
...	:
once	RB
you	PRP
're	VBP
so	RB
close	JJ
to	TO
escaping	VBG
,	,
do	VBP
n't	RB
let	VB
it	PRP
feed	VB
on	IN
you	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
back	NN
of	IN
you	PRP
mind	VB
by	IN
returning	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
old	JJ
haunts	NNS
and	CC
habits	NNS
that	WDT
remind	VBP
you	PRP
of	IN
the	DT
ed	VBN
.	.
Take	VB
a	DT
big	JJ
breath	NN
,	,
live	VBP
a	DT
little	JJ
,	,
be	VB
cautious	JJ
at	IN
first	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
overwhelms	VBZ
me	PRP
.	.
Life	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
technicolor	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
n't	RB
all	DT
twittering	VBG
birds	NNS
,	,
green	JJ
grass	NN
,	,
and	CC
blue	JJ
sky	NN
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
now	RB
or	CC
even	RB
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
difference	NN
between	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
then	RB
and	CC
now	RB
is	VBZ
enough	JJ
to	TO
make	VB
me	PRP
believe	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
everything	NN
in	IN
the	DT
world	NN
even	RB
on	IN
my	PRP$
worst	JJS
days	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
eat	VBP
what	WP
I	PRP
want	VBP
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
want	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
jog	VB
seven	CD
miles	NNS
every	DT
day	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
ha	NN
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
even	RB
jog	VB
anymore	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
fourteen	CD
and	CC
I	PRP
recently	RB
reached	VBD
recovery	NN
from	IN
four	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
severe	JJ
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
nervosa	NN
.	.
An	DT
Eating	NNP
disorder	NN
may	MD
seem	VB
like	IN
an	DT
easy	JJ
fix	NN
for	IN
a	DT
weight	NN
problem	NN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
NOTHING	NNP
OF	IN
THE	DT
SORTS	NNS
!	.
My	PRP$
problems	NNS
began	VBD
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
only	RB
ten	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
anxiety	NN
and	CC
depression	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
on	IN
a	DT
medication	NN
that	WDT
also	RB
caused	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
gain	NN
,	,
which	WDT
added	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
negative	JJ
feelings	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
binge	NN
and	CC
purge	NN
,	,
thinking	VBG
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
.	.
It	PRP
became	VBD
an	DT
obsession	NN
,	,
one	CD
that	WDT
,	,
without	IN
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
fall	VB
apart	RB
emotionally	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
bulimia	NN
controlled	VBN
my	PRP$
mind	NN
-	:
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
worry	VB
about	IN
my	PRP$
anxiety	NN
depression	NN
or	CC
self	NN
esteem	NN
because	IN
my	PRP$
mind	NN
was	VBD
consumed	VBN
with	IN
eating	VBG
until	IN
all	DT
i	FW
could	MD
think	VB
about	IN
was	VBD
being	VBG
fat	JJ
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
purging	VBG
out	RP
the	DT
feelings	NNS
along	IN
with	IN
the	DT
food	NN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
twelve	CD
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
got	VBD
me	PRP
into	IN
therapy	NN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
specialist	NN
.	.
Since	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
no	RB
longer	RB
over	IN
OR	NNP
underweight	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
treated	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
severe	JJ
case	NN
of	IN
anything	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
weight	NN
and	CC
physical	JJ
attributes	NNS
all	DT
fit	VBP
into	IN
the	DT
chart	NN
,	,
but	CC
they	PRP
were	VBD
n't	RB
right	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
People	NNS
were	VBD
now	RB
aware	JJ
of	IN
my	PRP$
purging	VBG
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
know	VB
what	WP
to	TO
do	VB
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
time	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
binge	NN
and	CC
purge	NN
was	VBD
at	IN
night	NN
,	,
but	CC
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
knew	VBD
now	RB
,	,
and	CC
would	MD
n't	RB
let	VB
me	PRP
into	IN
the	DT
bathroom	NN
.	.
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
restrict	VB
my	PRP$
intake	NN
while	IN
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
house	NN
,	,
so	RB
that	IN
when	WRB
I	PRP
came	VBD
home	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
still	RB
binge	NN
to	TO
numb	JJ
myself	PRP
out	RP
,	,
and	CC
would	MD
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
purge	VB
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
over	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
12th	JJ
year	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
realized	VBD
that	IN
restricting	VBG
numbed	VBD
me	PRP
out	RP
much	RB
more	RBR
efficiently	RB
than	IN
b\/p	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
'd	MD
been	VBN
placed	VBN
into	IN
another	DT
therapy	NN
with	IN
the	DT
MEDA	NNP
group	NN
,	,
which	WDT
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
As	IN
I	PRP
restricted	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
became	VBD
more	RBR
and	CC
more	RBR
afraid	JJ
of	IN
food	NN
,	,
and	CC
was	VBD
convinced	VBN
that	IN
each	DT
day	NN
,	,
although	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
losing	VBG
weight	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
getting	VBG
fatter	JJR
.	.
By	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
subsiding	VBG
on	IN
,	,
very	RB
little	JJ
calories	NNS
each	DT
day	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
hospitalized	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
September	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
.	.
From	IN
there	EX
things	NNS
spiraled	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
placed	VBN
in	IN
numerous	JJ
programs	NNS
,	,
therapy	NN
,	,
groups	NNS
,	,
and	CC
hospitals	NNS
,	,
but	CC
nothing	NN
worked	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
on	IN
a	DT
meal	NN
plan	NN
,	,
yet	RB
I	PRP
refused	VBD
to	TO
follow	VB
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
cheat	VB
when	WRB
I	PRP
got	VBD
weighed	VBN
,	,
and	CC
had	VBD
therapy	NN
3x	CD
a	DT
week	NN
plus	IN
a	DT
physical	JJ
once	RB
or	CC
twice	RB
during	IN
that	DT
same	JJ
week	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
allowed	VBN
in	IN
school	NN
longer	RBR
than	IN
3	CD
hours	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
keeping	VBG
myself	PRP
safe	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
eat	VB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
would	MD
sometimes	RB
cut	VB
or	CC
bang	NN
while	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
class	NN
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
told	VBN
to	TO
eat	VB
in	IN
school	NN
I	PRP
would	MD
go	VB
to	TO
the	DT
bathroom	NN
and	CC
throw	VB
up	RP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
really	RB
sick	JJ
,	,
beyond	IN
belief	NN
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
being	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
car	NN
one	CD
day	NN
,	,
and	CC
on	IN
a	DT
three	CD
hour	NN
drive	NN
thinking	VBG
the	DT
ENTIRE	NNP
time	NN
about	IN
how	WRB
HUGE	JJ
I	PRP
was	VBD
,	,
and	CC
whether	IN
half	PDT
a	DT
can	NN
of	IN
soup	NN
would	MD
be	VB
too	RB
much	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
day	NN
and	CC
make	VB
me	PRP
look	VB
too	RB
bloated	JJ
.	.
In	IN
may	MD
of	IN
2001	CD
I	PRP
was	VBD
hospitalized	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
fourth	JJ
time	NN
,	,
with	IN
bluish	JJ
gray	JJ
skin	NN
,	,
purple	JJ
lips	NNS
,	,
cuts	NNS
and	CC
bruises	NNS
all	DT
over	IN
my	PRP$
arms	NNS
,	,
hands	NNS
,	,
wrists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
legs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
pretty	RB
much	RB
a	DT
non-existant	JJ
heart	NN
beat	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
there	RB
for	IN
about	IN
a	DT
month	NN
,	,
both	DT
on	IN
the	DT
medical	JJ
floor	NN
and	CC
in	IN
the	DT
psychiatric	JJ
ward	NN
,	,
and	CC
even	RB
though	IN
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
recover	VB
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
still	RB
hiding	VBG
food	NN
,	,
exercising	VBG
,	,
cutting	VBG
,	,
and	CC
attempting	VBG
to	TO
find	VB
ways	NNS
to	TO
purge	VB
.	.
In	IN
June	NNP
I	PRP
was	VBD
placed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
residential	JJ
program	NN
.	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
out	RP
in	IN
the	DT
Crisis	NNP
center	NN
,	,
and	CC
slowly	RB
but	CC
surely	RB
began	VBD
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
either	CC
recovery	NN
or	CC
death	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
After	IN
weeks	NNS
of	IN
endless	JJ
sobbing	NN
,	,
panic	NN
attacks	NNS
and	CC
shaking	VBG
,	,
I	PRP
made	VBD
a	DT
decision	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
take	VB
the	DT
energy	NN
,	,
determination	NN
,	,
will	MD
power	NN
and	CC
strength	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
used	VBN
towards	IN
my	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
and	CC
point	NN
it	PRP
towards	IN
the	DT
direction	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
terribly	RB
difficult	JJ
,	,
but	CC
now	RB
,	,
eight	CD
months	NNS
later	RB
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
recovery	NN
of	IN
everything	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
n't	RB
done	VBN
any	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
behaviors	NNS
since	IN
August\/September	NNP
of	IN
2001	CD
,	,
and	CC
,	,
with	IN
help	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
therapist	NN
,	,
friends	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
,	,
have	VBP
been	VBN
able	JJ
to	TO
see	VB
that	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
was	VBD
n't	RB
about	IN
weight	NN
at	IN
all	DT
,	,
as	IN
ironic	JJ
as	IN
it	PRP
sounds	VBZ
,	,
but	CC
about	IN
blocking	VBG
out	RP
and	CC
dealing	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
emotions	NNS
,	,
feelings	NNS
,	,
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
trials	NNS
of	IN
life	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
ready	JJ
for	IN
.	.
The	DT
binging	NN
,	,
purging	VBG
,	,
cutting	VBG
,	,
banging	NN
,	,
exercise	NN
and	CC
restricting	VBG
were	VBD
coping	VBG
mechanisms	NNS
,	,
just	RB
as	RB
,	,
now	RB
,	,
I	PRP
use	VBP
journaling	VBG
,	,
writing	VBG
,	,
talking	VBG
,	,
singing	VBG
and	CC
music	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
still	RB
in	IN
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
beginning	VBG
to	TO
transition	NN
home	NN
and	CC
once	RB
again	RB
a	DT
positive	JJ
participant	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
home	NN
communities	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
a	DT
healthy	JJ
weight	NN
with	IN
healthy	JJ
habits	NNS
,	,
and	CC
although	IN
I	PRP
still	RB
have	VBP
a	DT
distorted	JJ
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
conquering	VBG
that	IN
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
Recovery	NN
is	VBZ
by	IN
no	DT
means	NNS
easy	JJ
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
100	CD
%	NN
possible	JJ
if	IN
you	PRP
put	VBP
your	PRP$
all	DT
into	IN
it	PRP
,	,
and	CC
accept	VB
help	NN
from	IN
anyone	NN
who	WP
offers	VBZ
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
do	VB
it	PRP
alone	RB
,	,
but	CC
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
.	.
People	NNS
love	VBP
you	PRP
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
just	RB
that	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
hard	JJ
to	TO
recognize	VB
until	IN
you	PRP
learn	VBP
to	TO
love	VB
yourself	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
12	CD
years	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
the	DT
struggle	NN
with	IN
anorexia	NN
-	:
a	DT
demonstration	NN
of	IN
self-disgust	NN
and	CC
the	DT
desire	NN
to	TO
somehow	RB
change	VB
the	DT
fundamental	JJ
building	NN
blocks	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Until	IN
6	CD
months	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
I	PRP
always	RB
knew	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
gain	VB
weight	NN
and	CC
on	IN
the	DT
outside	NN
could	MD
appear	VB
healthy	JJ
but	CC
had	VBD
assumed	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
feelings	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
illness	NN
were	VBD
then	RB
instilled	VBN
in	IN
me	PRP
-	:
an	DT
unshiftable	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
personality	NN
.	.
To	TO
my	PRP$
great	JJ
joy	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
realized	VBN
that	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
,	,
and	CC
have	VBP
,	,
changed	VBD
so	RB
many	JJ
of	IN
my	PRP$
beliefs	NNS
which	WDT
were	VBD
keeping	VBG
me	PRP
locked	VBN
up	RP
in	IN
being	VBG
sick	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
fortunate	JJ
enough	JJ
to	TO
accept	VB
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
become	VB
an	DT
inpatient	NN
in	IN
a	DT
small	JJ
clinic	NN
for	IN
sufferers	NNS
.	.
Never	RB
before	IN
have	VBP
I	PRP
been	VBN
forced	VBN
to	TO
accept	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
great	JJ
person	NN
!	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
found	VBD
myself	PRP
being	VBG
continuously	RB
bombarded	VBN
with	IN
compliments	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
learned	VBD
to	TO
listen	VB
,	,
believe	VB
and	CC
respect	VB
others	NNS
'	POS
judgements	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
asked	VBD
myself	PRP
,	,
``	``
Compared	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
potentially	RB
tragic	JJ
consequences	NNS
of	IN
starvation	NN
,	,
with	IN
gaining	VBG
weight	NN
,	,
what	WP
is	VBZ
the	DT
worst	JJS
that	WDT
can	MD
happen	VB
?	.
''	''
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
stepping	VBG
out	RP
into	IN
new	JJ
territory	NN
,	,
finding	VBG
my	PRP$
new	JJ
feet	NNS
and	CC
building	NN
upon	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
know	VBP
is	VBZ
true	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
grateful	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
having	VBG
regular	JJ
outpatient	NN
appointments	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
opened	VBN
up	RP
a	DT
whole	JJ
series	NN
of	IN
conflicts	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
mind	NN
and	CC
have	VB
enough	JJ
strength	NN
to	TO
confront	VB
the	DT
real	JJ
problems	NNS
without	IN
turning	VBG
to	TO
food	NN
or	CC
over-exercise	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
more	JJR
aware	JJ
now	RB
than	IN
I	PRP
ever	RB
have	VBP
been	VBN
of	IN
the	DT
things	NNS
I	PRP
actually	RB
need	VBP
to	TO
change	VB
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
stay	VB
well	RB
.	.
Most	JJS
importantly	RB
,	,
I	PRP
must	MD
not	RB
neglect	NN
the	DT
self	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
constantly	RB
burning	VBG
.	.
Even	RB
in	IN
the	DT
toughest	JJS
times	NNS
,	,
the	DT
flame	NN
was	VBD
dimly	RB
lit	VBN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
try	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
see	VB
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
nose	NN
but	CC
for	IN
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
notice	VB
it	PRP
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
like	IN
my	PRP$
self	NN
-	:
it	PRP
's	VBZ
been	VBN
there	RB
all	PDT
the	DT
while	NN
;	:
I	PRP
just	RB
did	VBD
n't	RB
see	VB
it	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
sounds	VBZ
so	RB
simple	JJ
but	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
revelation	NN
when	WRB
one	CD
day	NN
,	,
I	PRP
discovered	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
do	VB
everything	NN
right	RB
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
.	.
If	IN
perfection	NN
is	VBZ
what	WP
I	PRP
was	VBD
striving	VBG
for	IN
and	CC
in	IN
fact	NN
perfection	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
exist	VB
,	,
then	RB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
o.k.	JJ
not	RB
to	TO
strive	VB
for	IN
it	PRP
anymore	RB
.	.
Only	RB
I	PRP
can	MD
give	VB
myself	PRP
the	DT
true	JJ
rewards	NNS
for	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
do	VBP
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
why	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
so	RB
important	JJ
to	TO
live	VB
in	IN
the	DT
here	RB
and	CC
now	RB
,	,
rather	RB
than	IN
heading	VBG
for	IN
an	DT
unattainable	JJ
future	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
hard	JJ
to	TO
know	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
begin	VB
my	PRP$
own	JJ
recovery	NN
story	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
unlike	IN
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
sufferers	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
started	VBN
this	DT
journey	NN
into	IN
the	DT
light	JJ
numerous	JJ
times	NNS
,	,
only	RB
to	TO
be	VB
lulled	VBN
back	RB
into	IN
the	DT
comfort	NN
of	IN
destructive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
.	.
However	RB
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
due	JJ
to	TO
luck	NN
or	CC
God	NNP
or	CC
damn	RB
hard	JJ
work	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
managed	VBN
to	TO
sit	VB
firm	NN
on	IN
the	DT
recovery	NN
side	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fence	NN
and	CC
turn	VB
my	PRP$
back	NN
on	IN
my	PRP$
old	JJ
feelings	NNS
of	IN
ambivalence	NN
about	IN
the	DT
outcome	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
battle	NN
with	IN
ED	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
12	CD
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
hospitalized	VBN
for	IN
complications	NNS
of	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
25	CD
the	DT
last	JJ
time	NN
.	.
What	WP
lies	VBZ
in	IN
between	IN
is	VBZ
the	DT
cycle	NN
of	IN
self-hate	NN
and	CC
self-destruction	NN
that	IN
we	PRP
all	DT
know	VBP
too	RB
well	RB
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
body	NN
bares	VBZ
the	DT
scars	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
war	NN
on	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
What	WP
I	PRP
never	RB
dreamed	VBD
possible	JJ
and	CC
am	VBP
only	RB
now	RB
starting	VBG
to	TO
realize	VB
is	VBZ
that	IN
my	PRP$
spirit	NN
has	VBZ
grown	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
bigger	JJR
than	IN
anorexia	NN
ever	RB
was	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
now	RB
take	VB
in	RP
a	DT
breath	NN
and	CC
smile	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
like	VBP
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
evil	JJ
or	CC
ugly	JJ
or	CC
fat	JJ
or	CC
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
nonsense	NN
I	PRP
once	RB
believed	VBD
.	.
There	EX
was	VBD
no	DT
real	JJ
magic	NN
or	CC
``	``
ah-ha	JJ
''	''
moment	NN
like	IN
I	PRP
expected	VBD
for	IN
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
drifted	VBD
into	IN
it	PRP
easily	RB
,	,
probably	RB
without	IN
even	RB
realizing	VBG
immediately	RB
that	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
would	MD
be	VB
forever	RB
changed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
should	MD
n't	RB
say	VB
easily	RB
.	.
What	WP
I	PRP
mean	VBP
is	VBZ
that	IN
there	EX
was	VBD
no	DT
clear	JJ
distinction	NN
between	IN
relapse	NN
prevention	NN
and	CC
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
released	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
Renfrew	NNP
Center	NNP
last	JJ
October	NNP
,	,
a	DT
few	JJ
weeks	NNS
shy	JJ
of	IN
my	PRP$
26th	JJ
birthday	NN
.	.
With	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
relapse	NN
precautions	NNS
in	IN
place	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
i.e.	FW
,	,
psychiatrist	NN
,	,
nutritionist	NN
,	,
two	CD
weekly	JJ
visits	NNS
to	TO
my	PRP$
therapist	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
I	PRP
resumed	VBD
my	PRP$
life	NN
as	IN
a	DT
functional	JJ
member	NN
of	IN
society	NN
and	CC
waited	VBD
for	IN
the	DT
relapse	NN
to	TO
begin	VB
.	.
That	DT
was	VBD
almost	RB
a	DT
year	NN
ago	RB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
no	RB
longer	RB
waiting	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
moving	VBG
forward	RB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
only	RB
recently	RB
``	``
made	VBN
sense	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
all	DT
''	''
-	:
something	NN
my	PRP$
therapist	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
asking	VBG
me	PRP
to	TO
do	VB
for	IN
over	IN
2	CD
years	NNS
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
can	MD
only	RB
pray	VB
that	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
understanding	NN
of	IN
ED	NNP
will	MD
help	VB
another	DT
sufferer	NN
move	NN
forward	RB
in	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
recovery	NN
.	.
This	DT
battle	NN
is	VBZ
so	RB
cruel	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
and	CC
to	TO
those	DT
that	WDT
love	VBP
us	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
only	RB
hope	VBP
that	IN
my	PRP$
story	NN
fills	VBZ
any	DT
reader	NN
with	IN
love	NN
and	CC
hope	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
that	DT
is	VBZ
most	RBS
important	JJ
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
get	VB
off	IN
of	IN
the	DT
ED	NNP
recovery	NN
fence	NN
,	,
some	DT
things	NNS
had	VBD
to	TO
fall	VB
into	IN
place	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
surrogate	NN
system	NN
for	IN
self-love	NN
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
love	VB
myself	PRP
,	,
that	DT
was	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
question	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
too	RB
busy	JJ
restricting	VBG
,	,
running	VBG
,	,
cutting	VBG
,	,
abusing	VBG
laxatives	NNS
and	CC
Ipecac	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
definite	JJ
DO	NNP
N'T	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
falling	VBG
victim	NN
to	TO
the	DT
ever-powerful	JJ
ED	NNP
head	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
therapist	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
careworkers	NNS
at	IN
Renfrew	NNP
all	DT
had	VBD
to	TO
provide	VB
that	DT
.	.
They	PRP
loved	VBD
me	PRP
regardless	RB
of	IN
how	WRB
little	JJ
or	CC
much	JJ
I	PRP
ate	VBD
,	,
how	WRB
much	JJ
I	PRP
ran	VBD
,	,
threw	VBD
tantrums	NNS
,	,
and	CC
threw	VBD
around	RP
misdirected	JJ
anger	NN
.	.
They	PRP
loved	VBD
me	PRP
despite	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
chose	VBD
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
an	DT
active	JJ
participant	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
It	PRP
felt	VBD
so	RB
good	JJ
and	CC
so	RB
very	RB
bad	JJ
.	.
How	WRB
could	MD
these	DT
people	NNS
love	VBP
me	PRP
when	WRB
I	PRP
behaved	VBD
so	RB
deplorably	RB
?	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
understand	VB
it	PRP
and	CC
definitely	RB
did	VBD
n't	RB
trust	VB
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
pushed	VBD
every	DT
button	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
find	VB
on	IN
all	DT
of	IN
those	DT
individuals	NNS
because	IN
surely	RB
I	PRP
could	MD
make	VB
them	PRP
agree	VB
with	IN
ED	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
trash	NN
.	.
But	CC
ED	NNP
was	VBD
wrong	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
loved	VBD
me	PRP
anyway	RB
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
were	VBD
rock-solid	JJ
.	.
With	IN
an	DT
external	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
self-love	NN
to	TO
build	VB
on	IN
,	,
I	PRP
then	RB
had	VBD
to	TO
believe	VB
that	IN
some	DT
greater	JJR
force	NN
of	IN
good	JJ
could	MD
be	VB
bigger	JJR
than	IN
ED	NNP
and	CC
somehow	RB
protect	VB
me	PRP
from	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
This	DT
gift	NN
came	VBD
in	IN
an	DT
unusual	JJ
package	NN
.	.
I	PRP
blacked	VBD
out	RP
behind	IN
the	DT
wheel	NN
of	IN
a	DT
car	NN
and	CC
hit	VBD
a	DT
man	NN
from	IN
behind	RB
.	.
His	PRP$
steel	NN
bumper	NN
protected	VBD
him	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
thank	VB
God	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
just	RB
lucky	JJ
.	.
In	IN
that	DT
starvation	NN
state	NN
of	IN
mind	NN
,	,
I	PRP
went	VBD
through	IN
the	DT
rest	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
day	NN
.	.
I	PRP
worked	VBD
eight	CD
hours	NNS
,	,
took	VBD
the	DT
car	NN
to	TO
the	DT
shop	NN
,	,
picked	VBD
up	RP
the	DT
rental	JJ
car	NN
,	,
and	CC
canceled	VBD
my	PRP$
therapy	NN
appointment	NN
.	.
When	WRB
my	PRP$
therapist	NN
caught	VBD
up	RP
with	IN
me	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
told	VBN
that	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
have	VB
a	DT
friend	NN
or	CC
co-worker	NN
drive	NN
me	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
hospital	NN
immediately	RB
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
escorted	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
policeman	NN
because	IN
now	RB
my	PRP$
health	NN
status	NN
could	MD
essentially	RB
cause	VB
harm	NN
to	TO
others	NNS
.	.
There	EX
was	VBD
no	DT
waiting	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
room	NN
as	IN
there	EX
would	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
if	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
broken	JJ
limb	NN
or	CC
needed	VBN
stitches	NNS
.	.
An	DT
anorexic	JJ
girl	NN
fresh	JJ
out	IN
of	IN
a	DT
car	NN
wreck	NN
goes	VBZ
straight	RB
back	RB
.	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
6	CD
hours	NNS
and	CC
4	CD
separate	JJ
IVs	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
because	IN
my	PRP$
veins	NNS
kept	VBD
collapsing	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
raise	VB
my	PRP$
blood	NN
sugar	NN
from	IN
30	CD
to	TO
about	RB
200	CD
.	.
I	PRP
got	VBD
to	TO
lay	VB
there	RB
,	,
alone	RB
,	,
and	CC
ask	VB
myself	PRP
``	``
why	WRB
the	DT
endless	JJ
suffering	NN
?	.
''	''
For	IN
those	DT
hours	NNS
,	,
the	DT
ED	NNP
head	NN
remained	VBD
silent	JJ
because	IN
obviously	RB
the	DT
doctors	NNS
were	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
keep	VB
me	PRP
alive	JJ
that	IN
evening	NN
.	.
So	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
be	VB
numb	JJ
to	TO
it	PRP
all	DT
.	.
I	PRP
got	VBD
to	TO
lay	VB
there	RB
,	,
alone	RB
and	CC
freezing	NN
and	CC
acknowledge	VBP
what	WP
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
like	IN
to	TO
physically	RB
be	VB
more	RBR
dead	JJ
than	IN
alive	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
probably	RB
the	DT
worst	JJS
night	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
got	VBD
released	VBN
at	IN
4:30	CD
in	IN
the	DT
morning	NN
and	CC
went	VBD
to	TO
work	VB
a	DT
few	JJ
hours	NNS
later	RB
.	.
That	DT
was	VBD
on	IN
a	DT
Friday	NNP
.	.
On	IN
Monday	NNP
,	,
while	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
begging	VBG
my	PRP$
father	NN
not	RB
to	TO
let	VB
them	PRP
admit	VB
me	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
hospital	NN
,	,
I	PRP
realized	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
no	RB
longer	RB
be	VB
allowed	VBN
to	TO
destroy	VB
my	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
therapist	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
family	NN
took	VBD
all	DT
control	NN
away	RB
from	IN
me	PRP
and	CC
thus	RB
the	DT
anorexia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
safe	JJ
at	IN
last	JJ
.	.
While	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
,	,
we	PRP
all	DT
decided	VBD
an	DT
inpatient	JJ
stay	NN
somewhere	RB
might	MD
be	VB
beneficial	JJ
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
Previously	RB
,	,
when	WRB
my	PRP$
body	NN
had	VBD
reached	VBN
this	DT
point	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
mom	NN
would	MD
just	RB
live	VB
with	IN
me	PRP
and	CC
baby-sit	VB
me	PRP
24-7	JJ
until	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
reached	VBN
a	DT
safer	JJR
weight	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
never	RB
too	RB
productive	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
would	MD
fight	VB
over	IN
the	DT
food	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
would	MD
undo	VB
any	DT
ground	NN
gained	VBD
when	WRB
she	PRP
left	VBD
.	.
At	IN
that	DT
point	NN
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
believe	VB
that	IN
life	NN
would	MD
ever	RB
be	VB
different	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
believed	VBD
completely	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
go	VB
through	IN
this	DT
until	IN
my	PRP$
heart	NN
or	CC
kidneys	NNS
gave	VBD
out	RP
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
freak	NN
,	,
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
fundamentally	RB
flawed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
human	JJ
being	NN
and	CC
not	RB
worthy	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
breath	NN
that	WDT
filled	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
Now	RB
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
so	RB
thankful	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
got	VBD
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
Renfrew	NNP
because	IN
there	EX
I	PRP
learned	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
weird	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
ED	JJ
behavior	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
make	VB
me	PRP
evil	JJ
or	CC
disgusting	JJ
or	CC
weak	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
say	VB
I	PRP
figured	VBD
this	DT
out	RP
so	RB
much	RB
in	IN
therapy	NN
or	CC
group	NN
sessions	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
learned	VBD
a	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
from	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
women	NNS
and	CC
girls	NNS
that	WDT
were	VBD
there	RB
with	IN
me	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
were	VBD
a	DT
fantastic	JJ
,	,
strong	JJ
,	,
and	CC
beautiful	JJ
group	NN
of	IN
individuals	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
were	VBD
in	IN
no	DT
way	NN
weird	JJ
or	CC
crazy	JJ
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
thought	VBD
the	DT
same	JJ
of	IN
me	PRP
.	.
Since	IN
these	DT
women	NNS
had	VBD
hopes	NNS
of	IN
recovery	NN
for	IN
themselves	PRP
and	CC
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
then	RB
surely	RB
recovery	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
an	DT
unrealistic	JJ
goal	NN
.	.
I	PRP
bought	VBD
into	IN
it	PRP
gradually	RB
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
I	PRP
left	VBD
.	.
The	DT
relapse	NN
never	RB
followed	VBD
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
quit	VBD
waiting	VBG
for	IN
it	PRP
.	.
Hopefully	RB
,	,
this	DT
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
where	WRB
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
story	NN
ends	VBZ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
made	VBN
such	JJ
progress	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
want	VBP
it	PRP
to	TO
go	VB
further	RBR
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
most	JJS
part	NN
,	,
I	PRP
eat	VBP
what	WP
I	PRP
should	MD
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
try	VBP
very	RB
hard	JJ
to	TO
pay	VB
attention	NN
to	TO
hunger	NN
.	.
Occasionally	RB
,	,
I	PRP
even	RB
get	VB
a	DT
little	JJ
crazy	JJ
and	CC
partake	VB
of	IN
a	DT
scary	JJ
food	NN
like	IN
Oreos	NNP
or	CC
chips	NNS
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
tell	VBP
myself	PRP
that	IN
one	CD
day	NN
there	RB
may	MD
no	RB
longer	RB
be	VB
scary	JJ
food	NN
.	.
I	PRP
gave	VBD
up	RP
running	VBG
and	CC
decided	VBD
to	TO
find	VB
movement	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
enjoy	VBP
.	.
So	RB
,	,
I	PRP
play	VBP
at	IN
things	NNS
like	IN
racquetball	NN
and	CC
golf	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
where	WRB
I	PRP
can	MD
laugh	NN
at	IN
myself	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
have	VBP
changed	VBN
viewpoints	NNS
to	TO
consider	VB
exercise	NN
fun	NN
,	,
instead	RB
of	IN
punishment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
go	VB
eat	VB
in	IN
a	DT
restaurant	NN
or	CC
eat	VB
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
unfamiliar	JJ
business	NN
associates	NNS
without	IN
extreme	JJ
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
've	VBP
started	VBN
to	TO
cook	VB
with	IN
small	JJ
amounts	NNS
of	IN
butter	NN
or	CC
oil	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
biggest	JJS
wish	NN
for	IN
myself	PRP
though	RB
is	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
someday	RB
to	TO
view	VB
myself	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
really	RB
am	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
if	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
rid	VB
myself	PRP
of	IN
the	DT
body	NN
image	NN
distortion	NN
,	,
then	RB
I	PRP
would	MD
indeed	RB
be	VB
recovered	VBN
.	.
But	CC
for	IN
now	RB
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
happy	JJ
where	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
recovery	NN
path	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	DT
is	VBZ
good	JJ
enough	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
name	NN
is	VBZ
Erica	NNP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
struggling	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
for	IN
over	IN
8	CD
years	NNS
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
only	RB
20	CD
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
two	CD
years	NNS
since	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
to	TO
this	DT
website	NN
.	.
The	DT
reason	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
n't	RB
been	VBN
in	IN
so	RB
long	JJ
is	VBZ
because	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
long	JJ
road	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
.	.
Two	CD
years	NNS
ago	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
worst	JJS
point	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
do	VB
ANYTHING	NN
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
come	VB
to	TO
this	DT
website	NN
to	TO
get	VB
support	NN
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
the	DT
support	NN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
...	:
I	PRP
came	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
the	DT
support	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
need	VB
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
came	VBD
here	RB
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
far	RB
downhill	RB
that	IN
all	DT
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
do	VB
was	VBD
reach	VB
the	DT
bottom	JJ
pit	NN
and	CC
die	VB
.	.
That	DT
's	VBZ
when	WRB
I	PRP
met	VBD
Cory	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
feel	VB
wanted	JJ
.	.
He	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
feel	VB
like	IN
I	PRP
really	RB
meant	VBD
something	NN
to	TO
someone	NN
.	.
His	PRP$
love	NN
has	VBZ
given	VBN
me	PRP
the	DT
courage	NN
to	TO
get	VB
through	IN
all	PDT
this	DT
sh	NN
--	:
.	.
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
could	MD
n't	RB
handle	VB
me	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
soon	RB
found	VBD
comfort	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
other	JJ
family	NN
.	.
Throughout	IN
these	DT
last	JJ
8	CD
years	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBD
the	DT
priveledge	NN
of	IN
becoming	VBG
an	DT
``	``
older	JJR
sister	NN
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
have	VBP
three	CD
beautiful	JJ
sisters	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
2	CD
,	,
4	CD
,	,
and	CC
6	CD
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
worst	JJS
point	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
,	,
these	DT
girls	NNS
gave	VBD
me	PRP
what	WP
I	PRP
needed	VBD
...	:
little	JJ
voices	NNS
saying	VBG
``	``
I	PRP
love	VBP
you	PRP
Ecka	FW
.	.
''	''
What	WP
more	RBR
can	MD
you	PRP
ask	VB
for	IN
?	.
Two	CD
years	NNS
ago	IN
I	PRP
made	VBD
the	DT
hardest	JJS
decision	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
made	VBD
a	DT
toll	NN
free	JJ
call	NN
to	TO
a	DT
treatment	NN
center	NN
called	VBN
Remuda	NNP
Ranch	NNP
.	.
The	DT
voice	NN
on	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
side	NN
of	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
voice	NN
of	IN
an	DT
angel	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
scared	JJ
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
caring	VBG
.	.
She	PRP
helped	VBD
me	PRP
make	VB
my	PRP$
first	JJ
big	JJ
step	NN
...	:
telling	VBG
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
obviously	RB
knew	VBD
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
shipped	VBD
my	PRP$
from	IN
therapist	NN
to	TO
therapist	NN
,	,
until	IN
I	PRP
met	VBD
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
two	CD
,	,
Karin	NNP
and	CC
John	NNP
.	.
They	PRP
worked	VBD
together	RB
to	TO
get	VB
me	PRP
through	IN
this	DT
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
person	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
trusted	VBD
to	TO
tell	VB
was	VBD
Cory	NNP
.	.
For	IN
weeks	NNS
I	PRP
had	VBD
tried	VBN
to	TO
find	VB
the	DT
right	JJ
moment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
scared	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
dating	VBG
for	IN
8	CD
months	NNS
at	IN
that	DT
time	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
scared	JJ
that	IN
he	PRP
would	MD
reject	VB
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
kept	VBN
bringing	VBG
up	RP
that	IN
``	``
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
tell	VB
him	PRP
something	NN
important	JJ
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
really	RB
hard	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
talk	VB
about	IN
.	.
''	''
He	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
tell	VB
me	PRP
until	IN
later	RB
that	DT
,	,
he	PRP
knew	VBD
there	EX
was	VBD
something	NN
wrong	JJ
,	,
but	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
come	VB
to	TO
him	PRP
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
ready	JJ
.	.
One	CD
night	NN
we	PRP
were	VBD
watching	VBG
tv	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
started	VBD
crying	VBG
.	.
He	PRP
wiped	VBD
away	RP
my	PRP$
tears	NNS
and	CC
said	VBD
``	``
please	VB
tell	VB
me	PRP
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
told	VBD
him	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
say	VB
it	PRP
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
could	MD
show	VB
him	PRP
.	.
Over	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
three	CD
months	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
met	VBN
with	IN
my	PRP$
therapist	NN
,	,
but	CC
they	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
bad	JJ
it	PRP
was	VBD
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
until	IN
I	PRP
starting	VBG
getting	VBG
the	DT
ugly	JJ
side	NN
effects	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
ed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
kept	VBD
getting	VBG
cavities	NNS
,	,
ulcers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
fractured	JJ
bones	NNS
,	,
that	IN
they	PRP
knew	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
near	IN
death	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
withered	VBN
away	RB
to	TO
practically	RB
nothing	NN
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
eyes	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
mom	NN
immediatly	RB
called	VBN
treatment	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
trying	VBG
to	TO
find	VB
a	DT
place	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
ASAP	NNP
.	.
Graduation	NN
from	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
following	JJ
week	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
at	IN
Cory	NNP
's	POS
house	NN
when	WRB
my	PRP$
mom	NN
called	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
've	VBP
found	VBN
a	DT
treatment	NN
center	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
take	VB
you	PRP
.	.
We	PRP
leave	VBP
in	IN
three	CD
days	NNS
.	.
''	''
That	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
day	NN
before	IN
graduation	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
scared	JJ
.	.
Two	CD
days	NNS
after	IN
graduation	NN
,	,
I	PRP
left	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
say	VB
goodbye	NN
to	TO
all	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
,	,
and	CC
most	JJS
of	IN
all	DT
,	,
my	PRP$
brother	NN
.	.
The	DT
last	JJ
thing	NN
that	IN
he	PRP
said	VBD
was	VBD
``	``
You	PRP
can	MD
beat	VB
this	DT
,	,
Erica	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
always	RB
be	VB
here	RB
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
arrived	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
Renfrew	NNP
Center	NNP
with	IN
a	DT
mind	NN
full	JJ
of	IN
fear	NN
,	,
but	CC
a	DT
heart	NN
full	JJ
of	IN
hope	NN
.	.
Over	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
grueling	JJ
month	NN
,	,
I	PRP
ate	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
groups	NNS
and	CC
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
made	VBD
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
friends	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
It	PRP
's	VBZ
amazing	JJ
how	WRB
much	RB
easier	JJR
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
know	VB
that	IN
everybody	NN
surrounding	VBG
you	PRP
is	VBZ
going	VBG
what	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
going	VBG
through	IN
and	CC
know	VB
how	WRB
hard	JJ
it	PRP
is	VBZ
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
go	VB
into	IN
detail	NN
about	IN
what	WP
past	IN
events	NNS
I	PRP
worked	VBD
on	IN
in	IN
therapy	NN
,	,
or	CC
what	WP
went	VBD
on	IN
there	EX
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
will	MD
tell	VB
you	PRP
that	IN
the	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
Renfrew	NNP
and	CC
my	PRP$
therapists	NNS
at	IN
home	NN
saved	VBN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
After	IN
I	PRP
came	VBD
home	NN
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
therapy	NN
3	CD
times	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
until	IN
I	PRP
left	VBD
for	IN
college	NN
,	,
in	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
state	NN
.	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
school	NN
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Kentucky	NNP
,	,
and	CC
had	VBD
a	DT
semester	NN
from	IN
hell	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
roommate	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
really	RB
thought	VBD
was	VBD
Satan	NNP
.	.
And	CC
to	TO
make	VB
things	NNS
worse	JJR
,	,
the	DT
week	NN
of	IN
finals	NNS
I	PRP
got	VBD
sick	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
started	VBD
out	RP
with	IN
a	DT
cold	JJ
but	CC
soon	RB
turned	VBD
into	IN
pneumonia	NN
...	:
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
many	JJ
side	NN
effects	NNS
to	TO
malnurishment	NN
.	.
Ever	RB
since	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBD
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
immune	JJ
system	NN
is	VBZ
very	RB
low	JJ
.	.
But	CC
surprisingly	RB
enough	RB
,	,
I	PRP
only	RB
threw	VBD
up	RP
twice	RB
in	IN
the	DT
whole	JJ
six	CD
months	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
there	RB
.	.
That	DT
was	VBD
a	DT
huge	JJ
step	NN
up	RB
from	IN
throwing	VBG
up	RP
up	RB
to	TO
10	CD
times	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
Now	RB
THAT	WDT
was	VBD
a	DT
recovery	NN
experience	NN
.	.
I	PRP
left	VBD
the	DT
U	NNP
of	IN
Kentucky	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
semester	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
still	RB
sick	JJ
with	IN
pneumonia	NN
,	,
and	CC
could	MD
n't	RB
get	VB
out	IN
of	IN
bed	NN
.	.
Coming	VBG
home	NN
really	RB
helped	VBD
me	PRP
even	RB
more	RBR
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
came	VBD
home	NN
I	PRP
started	VBD
seeing	VBG
my	PRP$
therapist	NN
again	RB
,	,
something	NN
I	PRP
really	RB
needed	VBD
.	.
No	DT
matter	NN
where	WRB
you	PRP
go	VBP
,	,
it	PRP
always	RB
helps	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
support	NN
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
have	VB
the	DT
support	NN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
in	IN
Kentucky	NNP
.	.
This	DT
last	JJ
year	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
stable	JJ
job	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
I	PRP
love	VBP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
in	IN
my	PRP$
second	JJ
year	NN
at	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
university	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
things	NNS
are	VBP
perfect	JJ
,	,
because	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
have	VBP
my	PRP$
bad	JJ
days	NNS
.	.
Sometimes	RB
,	,
I	PRP
still	RB
find	VBP
myself	PRP
``	``
stuck	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
,	,
''	''
telling	VBG
myself	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
fat	JJ
even	RB
though	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
becoming	VBG
more	JJR
of	IN
my	PRP$
past	JJ
though	IN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
having	VBG
more	RBR
and	CC
more	RBR
``	``
good	JJ
''	''
days	NNS
,	,
and	CC
less	JJR
and	CC
less	JJR
``	``
bad	JJ
''	''
ones	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
no	RB
longer	RBR
throw	VB
up	RP
because	IN
I	PRP
feel	VBP
worthless	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
now	RB
see	VBP
food	NN
as	IN
...	:
well	RB
,	,
food	NN
.	.
It	PRP
gives	VBZ
me	PRP
the	DT
energy	NN
to	TO
chase	VB
my	PRP$
sisters	NNS
,	,
and	CC
work	NN
at	IN
my	PRP$
job	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
is	VBZ
physically	RB
demanding	VBG
since	IN
I	PRP
work	VBP
and	CC
a	DT
garden	NN
center	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
go	VB
to	TO
school	NN
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
now	RB
see	VB
food	NN
as	IN
a	DT
neccessity	NN
,	,
not	RB
an	DT
enemy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
writing	VBG
because	IN
I	PRP
hope	VBP
it	PRP
will	MD
help	VB
even	RB
one	CD
person	NN
to	TO
feel	VB
a	DT
little	JJ
bit	NN
better	RBR
and	CC
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
ED	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
kicked	VBN
for	IN
good	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
really	RB
know	VB
where	WRB
to	TO
start	VB
.	.
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
use	VB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
crutch	NN
and	CC
a	DT
coping	VBG
mechanism	NN
at	IN
age	NN
16	CD
when	WRB
I	PRP
first	RB
went	VBD
away	RB
to	TO
france	NN
and	CC
felt	VBD
totally	RB
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
go	VB
home	NN
and	CC
could	MD
n't	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
grateful	JJ
to	TO
my	PRP$
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
now	RB
as	IN
it	PRP
helped	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
terrible	JJ
situations	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
divorce	NN
my	PRP$
mothers	NNS
alcoholism	NN
depression	NN
and	CC
eventual	JJ
death	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
also	RB
been	VBN
abused	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
child	NN
by	IN
both	DT
my	PRP$
father	NN
and	CC
sister	NN
only	RB
once	RB
by	IN
each	DT
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
memory	NN
used	VBN
to	TO
haunt	VB
me	PRP
.	.
But	CC
now	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
well	RB
after	IN
11	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
struggling	VBG
with	IN
anorexia	NN
bulimia	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
over	IN
eating	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
only	RB
when	WRB
I	PRP
saw	VBD
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
therapist	NN
after	IN
my	PRP$
mothers	NNS
death	NN
that	WDT
i	FW
realized	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
ED	NNP
was	VBD
a	DT
coping	VBG
mechanism	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
be	VB
defined	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
person	NN
by	IN
it	PRP
-	:
i	FW
could	MD
cope	VB
without	IN
it	PRP
I	PRP
just	RB
had	VBD
to	TO
discover	VB
how	WRB
.	.
That	DT
was	VBD
3	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
and	CC
it	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
an	DT
uphill	JJ
battle	NN
since	IN
.	.
Sometimes	RB
i	FW
would	MD
feel	VB
fine	JJ
but	CC
then	RB
the	DT
panic	NN
would	MD
take	VB
over	RP
and	CC
I	PRP
would	MD
become	VB
anti	JJ
social	JJ
again	RB
and	CC
could	MD
only	RB
think	VB
about	IN
what	WP
and	CC
when	WRB
I	PRP
could	MD
eat	VB
.	.
But	CC
i	FW
continued	VBD
to	TO
read	VB
and	CC
to	TO
really	RB
try	VB
to	TO
root	VB
it	PRP
out	RP
and	CC
come	VB
to	TO
the	DT
bottom	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
say	VB
I	PRP
am	VBP
recoverED	VBN
now	RB
but	CC
that	DT
is	VBZ
only	RB
because	IN
i	FW
continue	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
100	CD
%	NN
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
potential	JJ
pitfalls	NNS
and	CC
what	WP
could	MD
trigger	VB
it	PRP
off	RP
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
own	VB
a	DT
scales	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
give	VB
so	RB
many	JJ
clothes	NNS
to	TO
oxfam	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
stop	VB
buying	VBG
clothes	NNS
thinking	VBG
that	IN
well	RB
,	,
in	IN
a	DT
couple	NN
of	IN
months	NNS
they	PRP
will	MD
fit	VB
me	PRP
when	WRB
I	PRP
loose	VBP
a	DT
couple	NN
of	IN
pounds	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
go	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
gym	NN
now	RB
and	CC
am	VBP
so	RB
proud	JJ
of	IN
how	WRB
I	PRP
feel	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
strong	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
glowing	JJ
inside	IN
.	.
I	PRP
used	VBD
to	TO
avoid	VB
dating	VBG
as	IN
I	PRP
never	RB
felt	VBD
I	PRP
looked	VBD
perfect	JJ
enough	JJ
and	CC
would	MD
always	RB
think	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
just	RB
wait	VB
until	IN
I	PRP
lose	VBP
more	JJR
weight	NN
.	.
Now	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
ready	JJ
to	TO
go	VB
out	RP
and	CC
know	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
take	VBP
me	PRP
as	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
The	DT
best	JJS
way	NN
to	TO
describe	VB
how	WRB
I	PRP
feel	VBP
is	VBZ
completely	RB
free	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
make	VBP
sure	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
in	IN
situations	NNS
that	WDT
cause	VBP
me	PRP
too	RB
much	JJ
stress	NN
or	CC
things	NNS
like	IN
that	DT
and	CC
I	PRP
always	RB
eat	VBP
3	CD
meals	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
skip	VBP
them	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
very	RB
proud	JJ
of	IN
myself	PRP
and	CC
think	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
better	JJR
person	NN
for	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
have	VBP
suffered	VBN
.	.
The	DT
simple	JJ
things	NNS
in	IN
life	NN
are	VBP
so	RB
much	RB
better	JJR
now	RB
.	.
Like	IN
just	RB
realizing	VBG
that	IN
you	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
think	VB
of	IN
food	NN
all	DT
day	NN
.	.
And	CC
when	WRB
you	PRP
go	VBP
out	RP
to	TO
eat	VB
not	RB
worrying	VBG
about	IN
what	WP
is	VBZ
the	DT
least	JJS
calorie	NN
dish	NN
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
There	EX
were	VBD
times	NNS
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
ill	RB
when	WRB
I	PRP
thought	VBD
i	FW
was	VBD
going	VBG
mad	JJ
and	CC
wondered	VBD
how	WRB
it	PRP
came	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
suffered	VBD
so	RB
much	RB
.	.
But	CC
now	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
much	RB
more	RBR
understanding	VBG
person	NN
because	IN
i	FW
can	MD
understand	VB
how	WRB
someone	NN
can	MD
suffer	VB
from	IN
depression	NN
or	CC
ED	NNP
and	CC
want	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
go	VB
away	RB
but	CC
it	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
.	.
Sorry	JJ
this	DT
is	VBZ
so	RB
long	JJ
its	PRP$
hard	JJ
to	TO
keep	VB
it	PRP
short	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
real	JJ
answer	NN
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
still	RB
sick	JJ
and	CC
looking	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
only	RB
have	VBP
my	PRP$
story	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
that	IN
discovering	VBG
your	PRP$
own	JJ
personal	JJ
vogage	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
will	MD
be	VB
up	RB
to	TO
you	PRP
and	CC
the	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
aspect	NN
to	TO
being	VBG
recovered	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
good	JJ
girl	NN
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
same	JJ
rights	NNS
as	IN
everybody	NN
on	IN
earth	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
take	VB
up	RP
the	DT
space	NN
my	PRP$
body	NN
takes	VBZ
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
make	VB
excuses	NNS
for	IN
being	VBG
alive	JJ
and	CC
for	IN
breathing	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
apologize	VB
for	IN
my	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
my	PRP$
feelings	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
be	VB
me	PRP
...	:
I	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
cry	VB
,	,
scream	VB
,	,
need	VB
things	NNS
,	,
being	VBG
loved	VBN
,	,
love	NN
,	,
be	VB
happy	JJ
and	CC
be	VB
sad	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
chose	VBD
life	NN
...	:
And	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
almost	RB
considering	VBG
myself	PRP
for	IN
recovered	VBD
...	:
Recovery	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
only	RB
having	VBG
good	JJ
days	NNS
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
handling	VBG
those	DT
bad	JJ
days	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
healthy	JJ
way	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
knowing	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
sun	NN
will	MD
come	VB
up	RP
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
finally	RB
seeing	VBG
the	DT
sunshine	NN
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
live	VBP
in	IN
colors	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
feel	VB
again	RB
.	.
For	IN
years	NNS
I	PRP
was	VBD
numb	JJ
.	.
And	CC
if	IN
I	PRP
felt	VBD
anything	NN
it	PRP
was	VBD
pain	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
little	JJ
by	IN
little	JJ
learning	VBG
to	TO
dance	VB
in	IN
the	DT
sunshine	NN
and	CC
smell	VBP
the	DT
flowers	NNS
along	IN
the	DT
road	NN
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
opened	VBN
up	RP
my	PRP$
eyes	NNS
to	TO
see	VB
the	DT
love	NN
that	WDT
's	VBZ
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
always	RB
have	VBP
been	VBN
there	RB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
too	RB
blinded	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
ed	VBN
to	TO
see	VB
it	PRP
...	:
And	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
starting	VBG
to	TO
love	VB
again	RB
myself	PRP
...	:
I	PRP
hav	VBP
n't	RB
had	VBD
interest	NN
and	CC
time	NN
for	IN
boys	NNS
in	IN
years	NNS
,	,
but	CC
finally	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
starting	VBG
to	TO
enjoy	VB
that	IN
we	PRP
were	VBD
created	VBN
man	NN
and	CC
female	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
found	VBN
a	DT
life	NN
that	WDT
works	VBZ
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
speak	VB
with	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
instead	RB
of	IN
with	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
talk	VB
about	IN
my	PRP$
needs	NNS
instead	RB
of	IN
screaming	VBG
my	PRP$
needs	NNS
out	RP
with	IN
my	PRP$
starvation	NN
.	.
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
take	VB
time	NN
to	TO
rest	VB
and	CC
to	TO
take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
listen	VB
to	TO
my	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
people	NNS
feel	VBP
sorry	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
for	IN
wasting	VBG
away	RB
six	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
youth	NN
on	IN
the	DT
ed	VBN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
feel	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
more	RBR
lucky	JJ
than	IN
many	JJ
people	NNS
...	:
At	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
19	CD
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
know	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
my	PRP$
limits	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
know	VBP
what	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
made	VBN
of	IN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
fought	VBN
a	DT
very	RB
hard	JJ
battle	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
also	RB
seen	VBN
what	WP
strength	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
inside	IN
of	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
appreciate	VB
all	PDT
the	DT
things	NNS
my	PRP$
body	NN
do	VB
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
treat	VB
it	PRP
nice	JJ
...	:
I	PRP
am	VBP
only	RB
19	CD
but	CC
I	PRP
think	VBP
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
many	JJ
lessons	NNS
other	JJ
people	NNS
never	RB
learn	VBP
during	IN
their	PRP$
whole	JJ
life	NN
,	,
and	CC
most	JJS
importantly	RB
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
live	VB
in	IN
the	DT
present	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
cherish	VB
each	DT
ray	NN
of	IN
sunshine	NN
that	WDT
comes	VBZ
my	PRP$
way	NN
...	:
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
that	IN
life	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
so	RB
serious	JJ
anyone	NN
.	.
That	DT
there	EX
should	MD
be	VB
room	NN
for	IN
playing	VBG
in	IN
it	PRP
.	.
For	IN
laughter	NN
and	CC
for	IN
fun	NN
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
go	VB
back	RB
there	RB
...	:
Never	RB
ever	RB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
seen	VBN
how	WRB
it	PRP
's	VBZ
like	IN
on	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
side	NN
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
willing	JJ
to	TO
give	VB
up	RP
the	DT
colors	NNS
in	IN
life	NN
,	,
just	RB
to	TO
so	RB
my	PRP$
scale	NN
can	MD
show	VB
me	PRP
a	DT
low	JJ
number	NN
.	.
That	DT
's	VBZ
too	RB
high	JJ
a	DT
price	NN
for	IN
too	RB
low	JJ
living	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
willing	JJ
to	TO
pay	VB
that	DT
price	NN
.	.
.	.
Not	RB
anymore	RB
.	.
Life	NNP
is	VBZ
so	RB
much	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
numbers	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
scale	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
had	VBD
anorexia	NN
ever	RB
since	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
12	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
and	CC
never	RB
ever	RB
believed	VBN
I	PRP
would	MD
ever	RB
recover	VB
from	IN
this	DT
horrible	JJ
illness	NN
.	.
But	CC
here	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
today	NN
,	,
healthy	JJ
and	CC
happy	JJ
.	.
For	IN
me	PRP
,	,
hitting	VBG
rock	NN
bottom	NN
turned	VBD
my	PRP$
life	NN
around	IN
and	CC
gave	VBD
me	PRP
a	DT
real	JJ
wake	NN
up	IN
call	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
gotten	VBN
so	RB
sick	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
stand	VB
it	PRP
anymore	RB
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
through	IN
12	CD
hospitalizations	NNS
and	CC
institutionalized	JJ
twice	RB
.	.
Anorexia	NNP
was	VBD
my	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
whole	JJ
life	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
everything	NN
.	.
I	PRP
gave	VBD
in	IN
to	TO
all	PDT
the	DT
lies	NNS
and	CC
control	NN
that	WDT
anorexia	NN
had	VBD
on	IN
me	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
And	CC
is	VBZ
n't	RB
it	PRP
ironic	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
one	CD
in	IN
contol	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Every	DT
time	NN
the	DT
doctors	NNS
told	VBD
me	PRP
I	PRP
would	MD
die	VB
,	,
I	PRP
laughed	VBD
,	,
because	IN
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
unstoppable	JJ
and	CC
some	DT
how	WRB
that	WDT
would	MD
n't	RB
happen	VB
to	TO
ME	NNP
.	.
Through	IN
all	DT
my	PRP$
long	JJ
hospitalizations	NNS
I	PRP
missed	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
school	NN
and	CC
had	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
left	VBN
back	RP
,	,
which	WDT
really	RB
hurt	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
really	RB
thought	VBD
I	PRP
would	MD
never	RB
get	VB
through	RB
high	JJ
school	NN
,	,
because	IN
I	PRP
spent	VBD
more	JJR
time	NN
in	IN
hospitals	NNS
then	RB
I	PRP
did	VBD
at	IN
home	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
the	DT
courage	NN
and	CC
the	DT
strength	NN
to	TO
stand	VB
tall	JJ
after	IN
all	DT
I	PRP
went	VBD
through	IN
and	CC
take	VB
back	RP
MY	NNP
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
made	VBD
an	DT
intense	JJ
effort	NN
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
every	DT
therapy	NN
session	NN
,	,
take	VB
my	PRP$
medications	NNS
,	,
and	CC
attend	VB
my	PRP$
out	RP
patient	JJ
program	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
held	VBN
5	CD
days	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
9-5	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
say	VB
it	PRP
was	VBD
easy	JJ
,	,
because	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
.	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
hard	JJ
work	NN
,	,
determination	NN
,	,
and	CC
committment	NN
.	.
But	CC
it	PRP
all	DT
began	VBD
with	IN
me	PRP
wanting	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
and	CC
firmly	RB
deciding	VBG
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
take	VB
action	NN
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
change	VB
my	PRP$
past	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
would	MD
never	RB
want	VB
to	TO
.	.
Recovering	VBG
from	IN
anorexia	NN
has	VBZ
given	VBN
me	PRP
the	DT
strength	NN
and	CC
courage	NN
to	TO
succeed	VB
in	IN
life	NN
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
weeks	NNS
I	PRP
will	MD
finally	RB
be	VB
graduating	VBG
from	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
as	IN
class	NN
valedictorian	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
go	VB
me	PRP
!	.
!	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
going	VBG
away	RB
to	TO
college	NN
.	.
Although	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
scared	VBN
,	,
I	PRP
know	VBP
I	PRP
am	VBP
ready	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
ready	JJ
to	TO
live	VB
.	.
Believe	VB
me	PRP
,	,
life	NN
without	IN
anorexia	NN
is	VBZ
true	JJ
bliss	NN
...	:
It	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
freedom	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
even	RB
describe	VB
in	IN
words	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
honestly	RB
say	VB
today	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
proud	JJ
of	IN
myself	PRP
and	CC
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
love	VB
myself	PRP
for	IN
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
became	VBD
anorexic\/bulimic	JJ
around	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
12	CD
or	CC
13	CD
,	,
around	IN
the	DT
time	NN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
split	VBN
.	.
During	IN
my	PRP$
illness	NN
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
write	VB
incessantly	RB
about	IN
anorexia	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
never	RB
wrote	VBD
about	IN
bulimia	NN
because	IN
even	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
purged	VBD
almost	RB
daily	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
ever	RB
want	VB
anyone	NN
thinking	VBG
I	PRP
binged	VBD
on	IN
huge	JJ
amounts	NNS
of	IN
food	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
aware	JJ
of	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
was	VBD
doing	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
denied	VBD
my	PRP$
illness	NN
,	,
but	CC
despite	IN
this	DT
awareness	NN
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
until	IN
recently	RB
realize	VBP
the	DT
depth	NN
of	IN
the	DT
damage	NN
done	VBN
to	TO
my	PRP$
spiritual	JJ
and	CC
emotional	JJ
health	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
princess	NN
complex	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
an	DT
image	NN
of	IN
who	WP
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
people	NNS
to	TO
see	VB
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
elegant	JJ
,	,
beautiful	JJ
,	,
clean	JJ
and	CC
very	RB
together	RB
.	.
To	TO
this	DT
day	NN
almost	RB
everyone	NN
comments	NNS
on	IN
how	WRB
emotionally	RB
solid	JJ
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
Little	NNP
do	VBP
they	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
every	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
meet	VBP
someone	NN
new	JJ
or	CC
stand	VB
up	RP
to	TO
speak	VB
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
a	DT
crowd	NN
that	WDT
my	PRP$
body	NN
trembles	VBZ
uncontrolably	RB
.	.
The	DT
words	NNS
still	RB
come	VBP
out	RB
right	RB
,	,
I	PRP
get	VBP
compliments	NNS
on	IN
my	PRP$
composure	NN
and	CC
confidence	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
why	WRB
I	PRP
tremble	VBP
,	,
my	PRP$
mind	NN
is	VBZ
often	RB
quite	RB
sure	JJ
of	IN
what	WP
it	PRP
wants	VBZ
to	TO
communicate	VB
but	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
beginning	VBG
to	TO
wonder	VB
if	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
communicate	VB
is	VBZ
actually	RB
what	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
feeling	NN
because	IN
why	WRB
else	RB
does	VBZ
my	PRP$
body	NN
shake	NN
as	IN
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
holding	VBG
something	NN
in	IN
?	.
So	RB
why	WRB
not	RB
just	RB
yell	VB
and	CC
fight	VB
and	CC
shake	VB
and	CC
rage	VB
and	CC
let	VB
it	PRP
all	DT
out	RP
?	.
So	RB
now	RB
I	PRP
have	VBP
created	VBN
a	DT
personality	NN
for	IN
myself	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
fear	VBP
that	IN
being	VBG
anything	NN
but	CC
understanding	NN
and	CC
supportive	JJ
might	MD
drive	VB
away	RB
the	DT
people	NNS
who	WP
love	VBP
me	PRP
for	IN
those	DT
very	RB
qualities	NNS
.	.
Maybe	RB
sometimes	RB
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
better	RBR
for	IN
my	PRP$
incredible	JJ
tension	NN
to	TO
just	RB
give	VB
in	IN
to	TO
those	DT
fits	NNS
of	IN
shaking	VBG
emotions	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
this	DT
was	VBD
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
roots	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
and	CC
just	RB
like	IN
my	PRP$
habit	NN
of	IN
restricted	VBN
eating	VBG
persisted	VBN
long	RB
after	IN
I	PRP
realized	VBD
healthy	JJ
did	VBD
n't	RB
mean	VB
fat	JJ
,	,
this	DT
habit	NN
of	IN
composure	NN
lasts	VBZ
even	RB
after	IN
being	VBG
recovered	VBN
for	IN
two	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Composure	NN
is	VBZ
wonderful	JJ
and	CC
makes	VBZ
my	PRP$
everyday	JJ
dealings	NNS
with	IN
people	NNS
very	RB
successful	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
reject	VB
it	PRP
as	IN
something	NN
harmful	JJ
because	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
believe	VB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
believe	VBP
balance	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
key	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
starting	VBG
to	TO
embrace	VB
my	PRP$
quirks	NNS
and	CC
differences	NNS
to	TO
actually	RB
be	VB
confident	JJ
instead	RB
of	IN
just	RB
seeming	VBG
so	RB
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
I	PRP
recovered	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
remember	VBP
realizing	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
attention	NN
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
was	VBD
getting	VBG
me	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
the	DT
type	NN
of	IN
attention	NN
I	PRP
really	RB
wanted	VBD
from	IN
people	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
always	RB
thought	VBD
that	IN
if	IN
people	NNS
worried	VBN
about	IN
me	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
know	VB
I	PRP
was	VBD
loved	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
people	NNS
would	MD
never	RB
leave	VB
me	PRP
if	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
ill.	NN
Then	RB
someone	NN
finally	RB
stood	VBD
up	RP
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
Everyone	NN
had	VBD
always	RB
been	VBN
so	RB
gentle	JJ
and	CC
careful	JJ
and	CC
giving	VBG
towards	IN
me	PRP
with	IN
almost	RB
no	DT
mention	NN
of	IN
how	WRB
they	PRP
were	VBD
handling	VBG
the	DT
situation	NN
.	.
I	PRP
fell	VBD
in	IN
love	NN
with	IN
a	DT
man	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
n't	RB
willing	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
with	IN
someone	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
constantly	RB
self-hating	JJ
,	,
self	NN
deprecating	VBG
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
met	VBD
him	PRP
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
better	RBR
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
hardly	RB
ever	RB
throwing-up	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
ate	VBD
more	JJR
than	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
in	IN
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
still	RB
hated	VBD
my	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
still	RB
fell	VBD
into	IN
fits	NNS
of	IN
melancholy	JJ
and	CC
depression	NN
.	.
He	PRP
never	RB
said	VBD
it	PRP
outright	RB
but	CC
I	PRP
felt	VBD
eventually	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
to	TO
choose	VB
between	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
and	CC
this	DT
wonderful	JJ
new	JJ
relationship	NN
.	.
He	PRP
told	VBD
me	PRP
how	WRB
hard	JJ
it	PRP
was	VBD
to	TO
love	VB
someone	NN
who	WP
hated	VBD
herself	PRP
.	.
He	PRP
would	MD
say	VB
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
put	VBP
myself	PRP
down	RB
,	,
``	``
do	VBP
n't	RB
say	VB
that	IN
about	IN
the	DT
woman	NN
I	PRP
love	VBP
!	.
''	''
I	PRP
tried	VBD
to	TO
remain	VB
the	DT
princess	NN
,	,
never	RB
farting	VBG
or	CC
burping	VBG
out	RP
letting	VBG
my	PRP$
body	NN
get	VB
out	RB
of	IN
control	NN
.	.
He	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
convinced	VBN
.	.
He	PRP
laughed	VBD
and	CC
teased	VBD
me	PRP
about	IN
my	PRP$
princess	NN
complex	NN
.	.
He	PRP
would	MD
tease	VB
me	PRP
so	RB
lovingly	RB
about	IN
my	PRP$
quirks	NNS
and	CC
weirdnesses	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
love	VB
and	CC
cherish	VB
them	PRP
for	IN
what	WP
they	PRP
were	VBD
;	:
the	DT
wonderful	JJ
individualities	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
character	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
busy	JJ
and	CC
distracted	VBN
and	CC
absorbed	VBN
in	IN
my	PRP$
work	NN
.	.
Slowly	RB
,	,
even	RB
this	DT
is	VBZ
changing	VBG
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
when	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
hungry	JJ
or	CC
not	RB
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
plan	VB
my	PRP$
meals	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
eat	VBP
things	NNS
I	PRP
never	RB
thought	VBD
I	PRP
would	MD
touch	VB
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
lie	VB
and	CC
say	VB
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
put	VBN
on	IN
weight	NN
.	.
But	CC
the	DT
weight	NN
I	PRP
did	VBD
put	VB
on	RP
is	VBZ
minimal	JJ
and	CC
it	PRP
came	VBD
on	IN
very	RB
slowly	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
ate	VBD
more	RBR
,	,
relaxed	VBN
and	CC
let	VB
myself	PRP
grow	VB
into	IN
my	PRP$
woman	NN
's	POS
body	NN
.	.
I	PRP
left	VBD
the	DT
subject	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
alone	RB
for	IN
a	DT
while	NN
,	,
went	VBD
to	TO
school	NN
,	,
found	VBD
work	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
I	PRP
was	VBD
ashamed	JJ
of	IN
how	WRB
obsessed	VBN
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
relate	VB
to	TO
the	DT
person	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
sick	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
righteous	JJ
about	IN
being	VBG
healthy	JJ
and	CC
composed	VBN
.	.
Now	RB
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
ready	JJ
to	TO
revisit	VB
my	PRP$
illness	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
strong	JJ
enough	RB
to	TO
give	VB
it	PRP
some	DT
thought	NN
without	IN
falling	VBG
back	RB
into	IN
its	PRP$
promises	NNS
of	IN
happiness	NN
,	,
control	NN
and	CC
attention	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
found	VBN
other	JJ
ways	NNS
of	IN
filling	VBG
the	DT
hole	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
trying	VBG
to	TO
fill	VB
so	RB
desperately	RB
through	IN
the	DT
ed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
found	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
respect	NN
and	CC
admiration	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
seeking	VBG
has	VBZ
come	VBN
to	TO
me	PRP
by	IN
simply	RB
being	VBG
true	JJ
to	TO
my	PRP$
character	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
loved	VBN
for	IN
my	PRP$
strength	NN
,	,
not	RB
my	PRP$
illness	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
saying	VBG
I	PRP
am	VBP
happy	JJ
with	IN
myself	PRP
every	DT
minute	NN
of	IN
everyday	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
beat	VBP
myself	PRP
up	RP
for	IN
my	PRP$
mistakes	NNS
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
laugh	NN
and	CC
let	VB
them	PRP
go	VB
instead	RB
of	IN
turning	VBG
against	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
at	IN
every	DT
chance	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
the	DT
secret	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
,	,
I	PRP
barely	RB
remember	VBP
how	WRB
I	PRP
got	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
danger	NN
zone	NN
...	:
But	CC
if	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
guess	VB
I	PRP
would	MD
say	VB
that	IN
learning	VBG
to	TO
laugh	NN
at	IN
myself	PRP
was	VBD
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
steps	NNS
towards	IN
being	VBG
happy	JJ
with	IN
who	WP
I	PRP
was	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
only	JJ
reason	NN
they	PRP
sent	VBD
me	PRP
there	EX
was	VBD
to	TO
gain	VB
more	JJR
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
knew	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
get	VB
better	JJR
mentally	RB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
ready	JJ
to	TO
recover	VB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
there	RB
for	IN
almost	RB
3	CD
months	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
5	CD
hours	NNS
away	RB
from	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
in	IN
N.Y.	NNP
I	PRP
felt	VBD
lonely	JJ
,	,
scared	JJ
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
almost	RB
like	IN
everyone	NN
at	IN
the	DT
the	DT
Hospital	NN
was	VBD
trying	VBG
to	TO
punish	VB
me	PRP
.	.
What	WP
had	VBD
I	PRP
done	VBN
wrong	JJ
to	TO
deserve	VB
this	DT
treatment	NN
from	IN
these	DT
strangers	NNS
?	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
know	VB
what	WP
to	TO
do	VB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
faced	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
real	JJ
world	NN
again	RB
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
yet	RB
done	VBN
``	``
recovering	VBG
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
sent	VBN
to	TO
an	DT
outpatient	NN
clinic	NN
near	IN
home	NN
for	IN
a	DT
month	NN
.	.
God	NNP
,	,
did	VBD
I	PRP
hate	VBP
those	DT
people	NNS
there	RB
!	.
They	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
weigh	VB
my	PRP$
food	NN
,	,
count	NN
every	DT
calorie	NN
that	WDT
went	VBD
into	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
all	DT
they	PRP
talked	VBD
about	RB
was	VBD
food	NN
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
ever	RB
want	VB
to	TO
hear	VB
the	DT
word	NN
food	NN
again	RB
.	.
Those	DT
people	NNS
helped	VBD
contribute	VB
to	TO
me	PRP
getting	VBG
even	RB
deeper	RBR
into	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
and	CC
excessive	JJ
exercising	VBG
.	.
My	PRP$
father	NN
had	VBD
heard	VBN
about	IN
a	DT
woman	NN
in	IN
our	PRP$
area	NN
who	WP
specialized	VBD
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Infact	NNP
she	PRP
had	VBD
suffered	VBN
from	IN
one	CD
herself	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
turned	VBD
out	RP
to	TO
be	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
wonderful	JJ
,	,
and	CC
helpful	JJ
person	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
known	VBN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
She	PRP
had	VBD
worked	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
nutritionist	NN
who	WP
also	RB
was	VBD
very	RB
supportive	JJ
,	,
and	CC
helpful	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
see	VB
both	DT
of	IN
them	PRP
seperately	RB
once	RB
a	DT
week	NN
.	.
When	WRB
they	PRP
asked	VBD
me	PRP
if	IN
I	PRP
'd	MD
like	VB
to	TO
return	VB
to	TO
school	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
exactly	RB
sure	JJ
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
finally	RB
decided	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
go	VB
back	RB
some	DT
time	NN
.	.
After	IN
being	VBG
out	RP
for	IN
three	CD
months	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
returned	VBD
to	TO
school	NN
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
know	VB
what	WP
people	NNS
would	MD
think	VB
,	,
or	CC
how	WRB
they	PRP
would	MD
react	VB
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
hard	JJ
adjusting	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
got	VBD
used	VBN
to	TO
it	PRP
after	IN
a	DT
while	NN
.	.
Around	IN
December	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
loose	JJ
weight	NN
again	RB
,	,
and	CC
exercised	VBN
.	.
The	DT
cycle	NN
was	VBD
beginning	VBG
all	DT
over	RP
again	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
family	NN
and	CC
friends	NNS
were	VBD
afraid	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
too	RB
!	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
the	DT
lunch	NN
ladies	NNS
picking	VBG
through	IN
the	DT
garbage	NN
to	TO
find	VB
my	PRP$
barely	RB
eaten	VBN
lunch	NN
,	,
so	IN
they	PRP
could	MD
show	VB
my	PRP$
mother	NN
who	WP
worked	VBD
within	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
disappointed	VBN
in	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
too	RB
!	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
I	PRP
had	VBD
failed	VBN
once	RB
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
come	VBN
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
everybody	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
flaw	NN
,	,
not	RB
just	RB
me	PRP
!	.
My	PRP$
mom	NN
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
she	PRP
would	MD
always	RB
love	VB
me	PRP
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WP
I	PRP
weighed	VBD
.	.
Why	WRB
do	VBP
people	NNS
have	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
skinny	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
accepted	VBN
?	.
The	DT
reason	NN
that	WDT
God	NNP
made	VBD
us	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
that	IN
we	PRP
could	MD
function	VB
properly	RB
,	,
and	CC
live	JJ
life	NN
to	TO
the	DT
fullest	JJS
.	.
Everything	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
put	VBN
on	IN
our	PRP$
body	NN
was	VBD
put	VBN
there	RB
for	IN
a	DT
reason	NN
.	.
Everybody	NN
is	VBZ
beautiful	JJ
in	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
,	,
unique	JJ
way	NN
.	.
That	DT
's	VBZ
what	WP
makes	VBZ
YOU	PRP
a	DT
special	JJ
person	NN
,	,
different	JJ
from	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
rest	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
come	VBN
out	RP
stroger	NN
,	,
and	CC
wiser	JJR
than	IN
before	RB
.	.
I	PRP
found	VBD
the	DT
something-fishy	JJ
website	NN
about	IN
3	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
after	IN
replacing	VBG
9	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
anorexia	NN
with	IN
4	CD
new	JJ
years	NNS
of	IN
bulimia	NN
.	.
At	IN
this	DT
time	NN
my	PRP$
bulimic	JJ
episodes	NNS
were	VBD
drastically	RB
effecting	VBG
my	PRP$
health	NN
.	.
Today	NN
I	NNP
sit	VBP
typing	VBG
this	DT
letter	NN
unable	JJ
to	TO
remember	VB
the	DT
last	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
made	VBD
myself	PRP
sick	JJ
,	,
or	CC
suffered	VBD
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
starvation	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
saying	VBG
that	IN
some	DT
days	NNS
are	VBP
n't	RB
hard	RB
,	,
because	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
those	DT
days	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
bloody	JJ
torture	VBP
.	.
Only	RB
now	RB
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
use	VB
bulimia	NN
or	CC
anorexia	NN
to	TO
hide	VB
from	IN
the	DT
things	NNS
that	WDT
torment	VBP
me	PRP
.	.
Instead	RB
I	PRP
stand	VBP
up	RP
to	TO
my	PRP$
problems	NNS
and	CC
see	VB
them	PRP
eye	NN
to	TO
eye	NN
for	IN
what	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
out	IN
there	RB
stuggling	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
food	NN
monster	NN
,	,
I	PRP
wish	VBP
you	PRP
could	MD
know	VB
how	WRB
much	JJ
energy	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
using	VBG
.	.
Look	VB
for	IN
new	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
that	DT
energy	NN
.	.
Ways	NNP
that	WDT
make	VBP
you	PRP
happy	JJ
,	,
not	RB
ways	NNS
that	WDT
destroy	VBP
you	PRP
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
lead	VBP
to	TO
colon	NN
cancer	NN
,	,
constipation	NN
,	,
bladder	NN
control	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
acid	NN
reflux	NN
,	,
nausea	NN
,	,
weakness	NN
,	,
depression	NN
and	CC
ultimately	RB
death	NN
.	.
However	RB
the	DT
worst	JJS
part	NN
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
unhappiness	NN
and	CC
pain	NN
that	WDT
torment	VBP
everyday	JJ
life	NN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
find	VB
my	PRP$
energy	NN
and	CC
when	WRB
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
control	VB
where	WRB
I	PRP
directed	VBD
that	IN
energy	NN
to	TO
,	,
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
control	VBP
where	WRB
my	PRP$
energy	NN
is	VBZ
directed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
currently	RB
using	VBG
this	DT
energy	NN
to	TO
plan	VB
my	PRP$
last	JJ
year	NN
of	IN
college	NN
in	IN
England	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
that	IN
one	CD
day	NN
every	DT
person	NN
who	WP
struggles	VBZ
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
will	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
find	VB
new	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
themselves	PRP
happy	JJ
.	.
New	NNP
ways	NNS
that	WDT
do	VBP
n't	RB
struggle	VB
to	TO
balance	VB
themselves	PRP
on	IN
the	DT
cliff	NN
of	IN
death	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
20	CD
and	CC
have	VBP
suffered	VBN
from	IN
bulimia	NN
since	IN
i	FW
was	VBD
9	CD
.	.
Fortunatly	RB
I	PRP
have	VBP
n't	RB
made	VBN
myself	PRP
sick	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
taken	VBN
laxitives	NNS
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
two	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
saying	VBG
it	PRP
was	VBD
easy	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBD
many	JJ
a	DT
set	VBN
backs	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
writing	VBG
this	DT
because	IN
I	PRP
feel	VBP
I	PRP
have	VBP
gained	VBN
control	NN
over	IN
the	DT
monster	NN
that	WDT
bulimia	NN
is	VBZ
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
not	RB
in	IN
any	DT
way	NN
been	VBN
easy	JJ
...	:
from	IN
the	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
first	RB
went	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
doctor	NN
to	TO
when	WRB
I	PRP
actually	RB
stopped	VBD
two	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
was	VBD
five	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
times	NNS
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
've	VBP
cracked	VBN
it	PRP
this	DT
time	NN
and	CC
a	DT
month	NN
or	CC
two	CD
or	CC
three	CD
later	JJ
I	PRP
went	VBD
back	RB
to	TO
being	VBG
sick	JJ
regularly	RB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
how	WRB
even	RB
if	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
do	VB
it	PRP
for	IN
a	DT
week	NN
and	CC
then	RB
have	VBP
ONE	CD
slip	VBP
up	RP
you	PRP
think	VBP
you	PRP
're	VBP
a	DT
failure	NN
--	:
WELL	RB
YOU	PRP
'RE	VBP
NOT	NNP
--	:
a	DT
mistake	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
small	JJ
setback	NN
,	,
do	VBP
n't	RB
let	VB
it	PRP
undo	VB
all	PDT
the	DT
good	JJ
work	NN
of	IN
the	DT
previous	JJ
week	NN
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
an	DT
amazing	JJ
achivement	NN
and	CC
the	DT
more	RBR
you	PRP
try	VBP
the	DT
longer	JJR
the	DT
times	NNS
in-between	JJ
the	DT
setbacks	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
and	CC
one	CD
day	NN
there	RB
will	MD
be	VB
no	RB
more	RBR
setbacks	NNS
.	.
Also	RB
I	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
add	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
very	RB
important	JJ
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
the	DT
psycological	JJ
effects	NNS
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
have	VBP
,	,
how	WRB
much	JJ
of	IN
your	PRP$
confidence	NN
they	PRP
take	VBP
,	,
how	WRB
much	JJ
of	IN
your	PRP$
spare	JJ
time	NN
they	PRP
take	VBP
up	RP
etc.	FW
and	CC
be	VB
prepared	VBN
to	TO
fight	VB
with	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
That	DT
frightened	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
you	PRP
will	MD
want	VB
to	TO
return	VB
to	TO
the	DT
familiarity	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
almost	RB
like	IN
an	DT
old	JJ
friend	NN
.	.
Of	IN
course	NN
the	DT
step	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
will	MD
transform	VB
your	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
raise	VB
issues	NNS
within	IN
yourself	PRP
you	PRP
would	MD
rather	RB
ignore	VB
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
sooner	RBR
you	PRP
take	VBP
the	DT
first	JJ
step	NN
the	DT
sooner	RBR
you	PRP
will	MD
get	VB
your	PRP$
life	NN
back	RB
...	:
and	CC
the	DT
sooner	RBR
the	DT
intoxicating	JJ
cloud	NN
of	IN
bulimia	NN
leaves	VBZ
,	,
the	DT
sooner	RBR
you	PRP
can	MD
find	VB
out	RP
who	WP
you	PRP
really	RB
are	VBP
...	:
and	CC
enjoy	VB
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
nearly	RB
16	CD
,	,
and	CC
anorexia\/bulimia	NN
has	VBZ
ruled	VBN
my	PRP$
life	NN
now	RB
for	IN
four	CD
years	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
taken	VBN
away	RB
what	WP
should	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
the	DT
happiest	JJS
time	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
It	PRP
started	VBD
when	WRB
i	FW
was	VBD
11	CD
and	CC
was	VBD
caused	VBN
by	IN
many	JJ
factors	NNS
including	VBG
the	DT
death	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
grandma	NN
,	,
being	VBG
teased	VBN
at	IN
my	PRP$
primary	JJ
school	NN
about	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
pressures	NNS
of	IN
attending	VBG
an	DT
all	DT
girls	NNS
school	NN
.	.
I	PRP
seem	VBP
to	TO
have	VB
spent	VBN
an	DT
eternity	NN
fighting	VBG
the	DT
monster	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
tried	VBN
to	TO
consume	VB
me	PRP
so	RB
many	JJ
times	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
hospitalised	VBN
twice	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
most	RBS
recent	JJ
being	VBG
in	IN
May	NNP
of	IN
this	DT
year	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
been	VBN
in	IN
``	``
therapy	NN
''	''
for	IN
two	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
grew	VBD
up	RP
so	RB
fast	RB
that	IN
i	FW
seem	VBP
to	TO
have	VB
missed	VBN
out	RP
on	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
socialising	NN
that	IN
a	DT
``	``
normal	JJ
''	''
teenager	NN
does	VBZ
.	.
But	CC
after	IN
a	DT
bulimic	JJ
friend	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
with	IN
two	CD
daughters	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
had	VBD
a	DT
heart	NN
attack	NN
i	FW
started	VBD
to	TO
put	VB
my	PRP$
life	NN
into	IN
perspective	NN
.	.
I	PRP
actually	RB
went	VBD
for	IN
a	DT
whole	JJ
day	NN
yesterday	NN
without	IN
weighing	VBG
myself	PRP
once	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
normally	RB
i	FW
do	VBP
it	PRP
about	IN
20	CD
times	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
only	RB
managed	VBN
to	TO
do	VB
it	PRP
with	IN
the	DT
help	NN
of	IN
a	DT
fantastic	JJ
intergrative	JJ
therapist	NN
and	CC
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
VERY	RB
hard	JJ
work	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
still	RB
got	VBN
a	DT
long	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
go	VB
before	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
will	MD
be	VB
back	RB
to	TO
normal	JJ
,	,
but	CC
i	FW
was	VBD
half	DT
way	NN
there	RB
the	DT
day	NN
i	FW
admitted	VBN
i	FW
needed	VBN
help	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
advice	NN
to	TO
anybody	NN
reading	NN
this	DT
would	MD
be	VB
to	TO
admit	VB
your	PRP$
problem	NN
,	,
admit	VBP
it	PRP
has	VBZ
made	VBN
your	PRP$
life	NN
uncontrollable	JJ
and	CC
seek	VB
help	NN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
find	VB
it	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
unusual	JJ
places	NNS
,	,
family	NN
,	,
friends	NNS
even	RB
teachers	NNS
,	,
help	NN
is	VBZ
on	IN
offer	NN
when	WRB
you	PRP
need	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
sought	VBD
help	NN
at	IN
a	DT
local	JJ
ED	NNP
self	NN
help	NN
group	NN
.	.
That	DT
led	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
admiossion	NN
to	TO
the	DT
local	JJ
hospital	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
anorexic	JJ
for	IN
6	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
in	IN
all	DT
honesty	NN
they	PRP
were	VBD
the	DT
worst	JJS
years	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
At	IN
a	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
should	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
enjoying	VBG
my	PRP$
teenage	JJ
years	NNS
I	PRP
was	VBD
to	TO
obsessed	VBN
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
to	TO
even	RB
care	VB
what	WP
other	JJ
things	NNS
were	VBD
goign	VBN
on	IN
around	IN
me	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
life	NN
changed	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
9th	CD
of	IN
October	NNP
,	,
1999	CD
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
admitted	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
Phoenix	NNP
Centre	NNP
,	,
a	DT
hospitl	NN
for	IN
adoloescents	NNS
wiht	VBP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
which	WDT
I	PRP
belive	VBP
is	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
finder	NN
.	.
Everyday	JJ
I	PRP
spent	VBD
there	EX
was	VBD
very	RB
hard	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
scream	VB
and	CC
shout	VB
and	CC
then	RB
after	IN
about	IN
2	CD
months	NNS
it	PRP
just	RB
clicked	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
hit	VB
the	DT
bottom	NN
to	TO
come	VB
back	RB
up	RB
.	.
Anorexia	NNP
became	VBD
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
life	NN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
if	IN
something	NN
had	VBD
taken	VBN
over	IN
all	DT
my	PRP$
rational	JJ
thought	NN
and	CC
the	DT
anorexia	NN
was	VBD
who	WP
I	PRP
'd	MD
become	VB
.	.
I	PRP
worked	VBD
so	RB
hard	JJ
and	CC
now	RB
a	DT
year	NN
later	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
still	RB
in	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
not	RB
purged	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
whole	JJ
year	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
maintained	VBN
a	DT
target	NN
weight	NN
for	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
For	IN
me	PRP
the	DT
solution	NN
to	TO
beating	VBG
my	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
seprate	VB
myself	PRP
from	IN
it	PRP
,	,
to	TO
put	VB
me	PRP
on	IN
one	CD
side	NN
and	CC
the	DT
anorexia	NN
on	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
,	,
and	CC
stop	VB
seeing	VBG
them	PRP
as	IN
one	CD
person	NN
.	.
Anorexia	NNP
is	VBZ
like	IN
your	PRP$
worst	JJS
enemy	NN
and	CC
your	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
all	DT
in	IN
one	CD
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
when	WRB
you	PRP
start	VBP
to	TO
realize	VB
that	DT
your	PRP$
so-called	JJ
best	JJS
friend	NN
is	VBZ
trying	VBG
to	TO
kill	VB
you	PRP
that	IN
you	PRP
start	VBP
fighting	VBG
back	RB
.	.
God	NNP
where	WRB
do	VBP
I	PRP
start	VB
?	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
sufferer	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
or	CC
bulimia	NN
nervosa	NN
then	RB
I	PRP
know	VBP
how	WRB
awful	JJ
it	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
recovering	VBG
anorexic	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
chronically	RB
ill	JJ
for	IN
1	CD
year	NN
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
into	IN
hospital	NN
in	IN
March	NNP
2000	CD
,	,
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
a	DT
Priory	NNP
Hospital	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
'll	MD
tell	VB
you	PRP
it	PRP
was	VBD
\*\*\*\*	CD
ing	NN
hard	JJ
work	NN
-	:
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
dig	VB
up	RP
alot	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
past	NN
to	TO
get	VB
where	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
keep	VB
persisting	VBG
,	,
even	RB
on	IN
the	DT
days	NNS
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
just	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
die	VB
.	.
At	IN
Christmas	NNP
time	NN
this	DT
year	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
at	IN
my	PRP$
illest	NN
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
remember	VBP
so	RB
vividly	RB
one	CD
day	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
at	IN
school	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
do	VB
a	DT
performance	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
choir	NN
at	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
cathedral	NN
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
remember	VBP
how	WRB
cold	JJ
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
that	DT
church	NN
.	.
I	PRP
sat	VBD
in	IN
my	PRP$
chair	NN
shivering	VBG
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
all	DT
we	PRP
were	VBD
aloud	RB
to	TO
wear	VB
was	VBD
a	DT
thin	JJ
white	JJ
shirt	NN
!	.
!	.
!	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
I	PRP
remember	VBP
my	PRP$
friend	NN
Caroline	NNP
asking	VBG
me	PRP
if	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
I	PRP
said	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
hungry	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
even	RB
told	VBD
her	PRP
to	TO
lie	VB
to	TO
my	PRP$
Mum	NNP
and	CC
tell	VB
her	PRP$
I	PRP
had	VBD
had	VBN
some	DT
food	NN
at	IN
school	NN
!	.
Which	WDT
I	PRP
had	VBD
n't	RB
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
suppose	VBP
things	NNS
started	VBD
going	VBG
down	RP
hill	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
last	JJ
year	NN
when	WRB
we	PRP
asked	VBD
to	TO
weigh	VB
ourselves	PRP
in	IN
a	DT
science	NN
lesson	NN
.	.
I	PRP
weighed	VBD
myself	PRP
,	,
quite	RB
self	NN
consiously	RB
and	CC
realized	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
more	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
rest	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
lied	VBD
about	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
,	,
pretending	VBG
I	PRP
was	VBD
more	JJR
than	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
actually	RB
was	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
sure	JJ
if	IN
they	PRP
even	RB
believed	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
also	RB
being	VBG
emotionally	RB
bullied	VBN
as	RB
well	RB
by	IN
my	PRP$
so	RB
called	VBN
`	``
friends	NNS
'	POS
and	CC
even	RB
though	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
think	VB
too	RB
deeply	RB
about	IN
it	PRP
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
they	PRP
really	RB
hurt	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
went	VBD
as	IN
an	DT
inpatient	NN
in	IN
March	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
.	.
Yet	RB
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
choice	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
simply	RB
that	IN
or	CC
keep	VB
going	VBG
down	RB
in	IN
weight	NN
until	IN
eventually	RB
I	PRP
died	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
really	RB
hated	VBD
it	PRP
at	IN
first	RB
.	.
I	PRP
saw	VBD
a	DT
few	JJ
other	JJ
anorexic	JJ
girls	NNS
who	WP
I	PRP
thought	VBD
were	VBD
just	RB
like	IN
pencils	NNS
with	IN
heads	NNS
on	IN
top	NN
.	.
They	PRP
were	VBD
so	RB
thin	JJ
!	.
!	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
belong	VB
there	RB
,	,
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
too	RB
fat	JJ
.	.
Of	IN
course	NN
that	WDT
's	VBZ
what	WP
they	PRP
thought	VBD
about	IN
themselves	PRP
,	,
that	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
fat	JJ
and	CC
ugly	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
eventually	RB
became	VBD
three	CD
of	IN
my	PRP$
best	JJS
friends	NNS
ever	RB
.	.
It	PRP
just	RB
proves	VBZ
that	IN
no	DT
matter	NN
how	WRB
bad	JJ
your	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
get	VB
help	VB
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
win	VB
!	.
I	PRP
admit	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
still	RB
find	VBP
it	PRP
hard	RB
,	,
very	RB
hard	RB
,	,
but	CC
slowly	RB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
getting	VBG
there	RB
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
hope	VBP
writing	VBG
this	DT
has	VBZ
helped	VBN
at	IN
least	JJS
afew	JJ
sufferers	NNS
-	:
helping	VBG
only	RB
one	CD
person	NN
would	MD
help	VB
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
suffering	VBG
you	PRP
can	MD
get	VB
help	VB
.	.
Please	VB
do	VB
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
nice	JJ
life	NN
to	TO
be	VB
stuck	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
it	PRP
really	RB
is	VBZ
n't	RB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
recovery	NN
from	IN
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
for	IN
close	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
year	NN
now	RB
.	.
Through	IN
the	DT
CEA-HOW	NNP
12	CD
step	NN
program	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
fortunate	JJ
to	TO
lose	VB
a	DT
significant	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
change	NN
my	PRP$
entire	JJ
attitude	NN
on	IN
life	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
story	NN
is	VBZ
probably	RB
simillar	JJ
to	TO
many	JJ
others	NNS
who	WP
suffer	VBP
from	IN
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
remember	VBP
feeling	NN
thin	JJ
,	,
always	RB
fat	JJ
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
pictures	NNS
reveal	VBP
that	IN
at	IN
times	NNS
during	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
thin	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
several	JJ
inpatiet	NN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
clinics	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
,	,
and	CC
never	RB
was	VBD
able	JJ
to	TO
maintain	VB
recovery	NN
for	IN
any	DT
length	NN
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
this	DT
was	VBD
because	IN
I	PRP
never	RB
really	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
stop	VB
eating	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
always	RB
pretended	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
stop	VB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
think	VBP
in	IN
my	PRP$
heart	NN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
accept	VB
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
truely	RB
a	DT
compulsive	JJ
eater	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
also	RB
tried	VBN
12	CD
step	NN
groups	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
OA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
find	VB
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
there	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
got	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
point	NN
where	WRB
it	PRP
seriously	RB
affected	VBD
all	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBN
chronic	JJ
asthma	NN
since	IN
birth	NN
and	CC
being	VBG
obese	JJ
did	VBD
not	RB
help	VB
my	PRP$
health	NN
at	IN
all	DT
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
hospitalized	VBN
almost	RB
monthly	JJ
with	IN
severe	JJ
attacks	NNS
,	,
several	JJ
of	IN
which	WDT
required	JJ
my	PRP$
admission	NN
in	IN
to	TO
intensive	JJ
care	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
affected	VBD
my	PRP$
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
created	VBN
feelings	NNS
of	IN
shame	NN
,	,
guilt	NN
and	CC
hatred	NN
towards	IN
myself	PRP
and	CC
all	DT
other	JJ
people	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
able	JJ
to	TO
tell	VB
the	DT
truth	NN
to	TO
myself	PRP
or	CC
anyone	NN
else	RB
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
if	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
had	VBN
the	DT
guts	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
killed	VBN
myself	PRP
.	.
Instead	RB
I	PRP
continued	VBD
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
at	IN
my	PRP$
lowest	JJS
bottom	NN
,	,
I	PRP
could	MD
no	RB
longer	RB
deny	VB
or	CC
justify	VB
the	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
conducting	VBG
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
yet	RB
I	PRP
was	VBD
powerless	JJ
to	TO
change	VB
.	.
Then	RB
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
spritual	JJ
awakening	NN
.	.
I	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
sit	VB
here	RB
and	CC
tell	VB
you	PRP
angels	NNS
came	VBD
down	RB
and	CC
sang	VBD
to	TO
me	PRP
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
just	RB
as	RB
real	JJ
and	CC
just	RB
as	IN
powerful	JJ
as	IN
that	DT
image	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
Higher	JJR
Power	NN
gave	VBD
me	PRP
the	DT
willingness	NN
to	TO
seek	VB
help	NN
in	IN
an	DT
honest	JJ
and	CC
open-minded	JJ
way	NN
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
first	JJ
meeting	NN
on	IN
July	NNP
3rd	CD
,	,
1999	CD
,	,
and	CC
became	VBD
abstinent	JJ
the	DT
day	NN
after	IN
,	,
Independence	NNP
Day	NNP
,	,
1999	CD
.	.
By	IN
the	DT
grace	NN
of	IN
God	NNP
I	PRP
have	VBP
remained	VBN
so	RB
to	TO
this	DT
day	NN
.	.
During	IN
this	DT
past	JJ
year	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
life	NN
has	VBZ
completely	RB
changed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
no	RB
longer	RBR
need	VB
to	TO
obsess	VB
about	IN
food	NN
,	,
or	CC
secretly	RB
plan	VBP
a	DT
binge	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
improved	VBN
relations	NNS
with	IN
everyone	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
and	CC
those	DT
close	JJ
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
attempted	VBN
to	TO
repair	VB
the	DT
damage	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
done	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
past	NN
,	,
personal	JJ
and	CC
financial	JJ
,	,
and	CC
needless	NN
to	TO
say	VB
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
lost	VBN
weight	NN
,	,
quite	RB
a	DT
bit	NN
in	IN
11	CD
months	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
tell	VB
those	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
who	WP
are	VBP
still	RB
suffering	VBG
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
hope	NN
,	,
and	CC
freedom	NN
from	IN
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
unwilling	JJ
and	CC
unable	JJ
to	TO
control	VB
my	PRP$
eating	JJ
days	NNS
before	IN
I	PRP
entered	VBD
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
only	RB
attest	VB
my	PRP$
sucess	NN
in	IN
recovery	NN
to	TO
the	DT
love	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
Higher	JJR
Power	NN
,	,
who	WP
gives	VBZ
me	PRP
strength	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
weak	JJ
,	,
grants	NNS
me	PRP
willingness	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
stuborn	NN
,	,
and	CC
who	WP
guides	NNS
me	PRP
lovingly	RB
through	IN
my	PRP$
day	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
no	DT
different	JJ
from	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
non-recovered	JJ
compulsive	JJ
eater	NN
out	IN
there	RB
;	:
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
willingness	NN
to	TO
stop	VB
eating	VBG
,	,
yet	RB
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
desperately	RB
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
done	VBN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
hope	NN
and	CC
freedom	NN
from	IN
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
God	NNP
bless	VB
all	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Every	DT
so	RB
often	RB
I	PRP
browse	VBP
through	IN
the	DT
SFWED	NNP
website	NN
,	,
perhaps	RB
post	VB
a	DT
response	NN
on	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
bulletin	NN
boards	NNS
to	TO
something	NN
that	WDT
rings	VBZ
close	RB
to	TO
home	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
more	JJR
than	IN
once	RB
thought	VBN
of	IN
posting	VBG
some	DT
words	NNS
of	IN
hope	NN
on	IN
the	DT
``	``
Recovery	NN
Stories	NNP
''	''
portion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
webiste	NN
.	.
Well	RB
,	,
I	PRP
suppose	VBP
today	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
day	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
stop	VBP
by	IN
and	CC
share	VB
some	DT
words	NNS
of	IN
hope	NN
and	CC
a	DT
little	JJ
about	IN
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
.	.
Like	IN
so	RB
many	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
battled	VBD
with	IN
anorexia	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
years	NNS
than	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
want	VB
to	TO
admit	VB
too	RB
and	CC
lived	VBD
with	IN
the	DT
ravages	NNS
day	NN
in	IN
and	CC
day	NN
out	RB
.	.
But	CC
as	IN
we	PRP
know	VBP
all	DT
too	RB
well	RB
,	,
war	NN
stories	NNS
and	CC
battle	NN
talk	NN
only	RB
serve	VBP
to	TO
fuel	VB
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
fire	NN
and	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
provide	VB
any	DT
form	NN
of	IN
constructive	JJ
support	NN
or	CC
encouragement	NN
.	.
As	IN
with	IN
every	DT
soul	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
found	VBN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
,	,
recovery	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
very	RB
personal	JJ
choice	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
one	CD
that	IN
I	PRP
made	VBD
when	WRB
I	PRP
came	VBD
face	NN
to	TO
face	VB
with	IN
myself	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
with	IN
no	DT
distractions	NNS
left	VBD
to	TO
utilize	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
when	WRB
I	PRP
came	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
deep	JJ
realization	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
truly	RB
wanted	VBD
something	NN
different	JJ
out	IN
of	IN
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
through	IN
numerous	JJ
hospitalizations	NNS
and	CC
treatment	NN
programs	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
this	DT
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
the	DT
end	NN
recovery	NN
came	VBD
down	RB
to	TO
a	DT
choice	NN
of	IN
whether	IN
to	TO
thrive	VB
in	IN
life	NN
and	CC
attempt	NN
to	TO
discover	VB
what	WP
life	NN
could	MD
be	VB
for	IN
me	PRP
...	:
or	CC
to	TO
sink	VB
deeper	JJR
into	IN
the	DT
depths	NNS
of	IN
despair	NN
and	CC
fade	VB
into	IN
oblivion	NN
.	.
No	DT
single	JJ
hospital	NN
,	,
therapist	NN
,	,
or	CC
treatment	NN
program	NN
inspired	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
suddenly	RB
transform	VB
my	PRP$
life	NN
over	IN
night	NN
.	.
In	IN
fact	NN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
powerful	JJ
transformations	NNS
that	WDT
moved	VBD
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
along	IN
occured	VBD
outside	IN
of	IN
the	DT
realm	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
view	VBP
recovery	NN
as	IN
truly	RB
a	DT
transformation	NN
of	IN
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
beliefs	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
long	RB
advocated	VBN
that	IN
what	WP
we	PRP
all	DT
too	RB
often	RB
believe	VBP
is	VBZ
what	WP
we	PRP
can	MD
expect	VB
.	.
It	PRP
takes	VBZ
hope	NN
and	CC
belief	NN
to	TO
make	VB
transformations	NNS
happen	VB
.	.
Nothing	NN
magic	NN
...	:
just	RB
a	DT
little	JJ
flame	NN
of	IN
desire	NN
,	,
of	IN
hope	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
strong	JJ
will	NN
to	TO
believe	VB
and	CC
make	VB
your	PRP$
dreams	NNS
transpire	VBP
.	.
If	IN
we	PRP
believe	VBP
,	,
then	RB
that	IN
belief	NN
shall	MD
begin	VB
to	TO
happen	VB
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
we	PRP
pave	VBP
the	DT
foundations	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
own	JJ
destiny	NN
.	.
This	DT
most	RBS
amazing	JJ
transformation	NN
evolved	VBD
from	IN
an	DT
encounter	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
with	IN
another	DT
life-threatening	JJ
illness	NN
...	:
cancer	NN
.	.
Until	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
faced	VBN
cancer	NN
,	,
recovery	NN
had	VBD
been	VBN
partial	JJ
at	IN
best	JJS
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
had	VBD
the	DT
lingering	VBG
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
urges	VBZ
...	:
the	DT
deep	JJ
pits	NNS
where	WRB
people	NNS
fall	VBP
prey	NN
to	TO
the	DT
disorder	NN
when	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
vulnerable	JJ
.	.
In	IN
facing	VBG
illness	NN
of	IN
a	DT
different	JJ
sort	NN
,	,
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
see	VB
my	PRP$
life	NN
in	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
light	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
power	NN
strengthened	VBD
and	CC
I	PRP
found	VBD
the	DT
will	NN
,	,
desire	NN
,	,
and	CC
energy	NN
to	TO
discover	VB
a	DT
new	JJ
way	NN
of	IN
living	NN
and	CC
being	VBG
.	.
Do	VBP
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
one	CD
must	MD
have	VB
an	DT
encounter	NN
with	IN
death	NN
or	CC
life-threatening	JJ
crisis	NN
to	TO
choose	VB
recovery	NN
...	:
most	RBS
definitely	RB
not	RB
!	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
each	DT
given	VBN
challenges	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
that	WDT
encourage	VBP
us	PRP
to	TO
find	VB
new	JJ
meaning	NN
and	CC
to	TO
discover	VB
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
truly	RB
believe	VBP
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
single	JJ
road	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
.	.
Recovery	NN
is	VBZ
about	IN
listening	VBG
to	TO
our	PRP$
true	JJ
inner	JJ
self	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
discovering	VBG
what	WP
meaning	VBG
our	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
holds	VBZ
in	IN
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
,	,
and	CC
about	IN
finding	VBG
the	DT
methods	NNS
necessary	JJ
to	TO
transform	VB
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
from	IN
chaos	NN
and	CC
destruction	NN
to	TO
healthy	JJ
living	NN
.	.
The	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
aspect	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
that	IN
all	DT
too	RB
often	RB
people	NNS
forget	VB
about	IN
...	:
.	.
is	VBZ
that	IN
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
about	IN
becoming	VBG
whole	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
about	IN
embracing	VBG
ourselves	PRP
fully	RB
and	CC
completely	RB
and	CC
accepting	VBG
the	DT
person	NN
that	IN
we	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
view	VBP
recovery	NN
as	IN
the	DT
fiostering	NN
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
and	CC
healthy	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
our	PRP$
inner	JJ
most	RBS
self	NN
.	.
The	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
aspect	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
was	VBD
simply	RB
``	``
letting	VBG
go	VB
''	''
.	.
Letting	VBG
go	NN
of	IN
judgement	NN
,	,
letting	VBG
go	NN
of	IN
the	DT
past	NN
,	,
letting	VBG
go	NN
of	IN
old	JJ
beliefs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
discovering	VBG
the	DT
person	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
really	RB
was	VBD
inside	RB
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
spent	VBN
many	JJ
a	DT
year	NN
being	VBG
a	DT
perfectionist	NN
at	IN
heart	NN
so	RB
this	DT
task	NN
was	VBD
quite	RB
the	DT
challenge	NN
and	CC
took	VBD
time	NN
toget	JJ
accustomed	VBN
to	TO
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
always	RB
been	VBN
driven	VBN
to	TO
succeed	VB
,	,
to	TO
accomplish	VB
...	:
so	IN
the	DT
idea	NN
of	IN
just	RB
being	VBG
and	CC
being	VBG
okay	JJ
with	IN
that	DT
was	VBD
something	NN
foreign	JJ
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
Developing	VBG
a	DT
relationship	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
inner	JJ
most	RBS
self	NN
helped	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
better	JJR
understand	VB
where	WRB
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
and	CC
where	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
in	IN
life	NN
.	.
Over	IN
time	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
let	VBP
go	VB
of	IN
self-criticism	NN
and	CC
self-judgement	NN
and	CC
just	RB
accepting	VBG
things	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
found	VBD
that	IN
my	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
myself	PRP
took	VBD
on	RP
a	DT
whole	JJ
new	JJ
light	NN
.	.
Without	IN
judgment	NN
and	CC
self-incrimination	NN
,	,
game-playing	NN
became	VBD
obsolete	JJ
and	CC
disappeared	VBD
over	IN
time	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
recovered	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
years	NNS
now	RB
and	CC
have	VBP
discovered	VBN
a	DT
whole	JJ
new	JJ
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
reached	VBN
a	DT
point	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
rarely	RB
think	VBP
about	IN
the	DT
days	NNS
of	IN
when	WRB
I	PRP
had	VBD
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
...	:
...	:
weight	NN
is	VBZ
just	RB
another	DT
aspect	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
being	VBG
and	CC
carries	VBZ
no	DT
significant	JJ
meaning	NN
...	:
.	.
.	.
food	NN
is	VBZ
something	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
truly	RB
enjoy	VBP
and	CC
see	VBP
for	IN
what	WP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
...	:
.	.
.	.
and	CC
life	NN
is	VBZ
living	VBG
each	DT
moment	NN
for	IN
what	WP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
worth	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
no	RB
longer	RB
harbor	VB
the	DT
deep	JJ
``	``
what	WP
if	IN
's	POS
''	''
.	.
No	RB
longer	RBR
do	VBP
I	PRP
worry	VBP
relentlessly	RB
and	CC
get	VB
stuck	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
mindful	JJ
of	IN
nonsensical	JJ
thought	NN
loops	NNS
.	.
Life	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
perfect	JJ
...	:
and	CC
fortunately	RB
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
meant	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
can	MD
accept	VB
the	DT
little	JJ
challenges	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
thrown	VBN
my	PRP$
way	NN
and	CC
not	RB
dwell	VB
on	IN
them	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
in	IN
doing	VBG
so	RB
push	VB
myself	PRP
into	IN
an	DT
emotional	JJ
crisis	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
from	IN
the	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
about	RB
13	CD
to	TO
about	IN
age	NN
22	CD
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
the	DT
usual	JJ
controlling	VBG
family	NN
situation	NN
but	CC
there	EX
were	VBD
other	JJ
situations	NNS
that	WDT
lead	VBP
to	TO
intense	JJ
hatred	NN
about	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
In	IN
5th	JJ
grade	NN
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
developed	VBN
more	RBR
than	IN
most	JJS
of	IN
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
.	.
One	CD
so	RB
called	VBN
friend	NN
decided	VBD
to	TO
tell	VB
everyone	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
gotten	VBN
my	PRP$
period	NN
and	CC
to	TO
use	VB
it	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
reason	NN
to	TO
torment	VB
me	PRP
.	.
From	IN
April	NNP
until	IN
June	NNP
,	,
everyday	JJ
I	PRP
would	MD
sit	VB
in	IN
the	DT
back	NN
of	IN
the	DT
classroom	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
tampons	NNS
thrown	VBN
at	IN
me	PRP
from	IN
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
five	CD
girls	NNS
and	CC
even	RB
some	DT
guys	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
would	MD
talk	VB
about	IN
my	PRP$
developed	JJ
breasts	NNS
,	,
the	DT
hair	NN
on	IN
my	PRP$
legs	NNS
,	,
anything	NN
negative	JJ
they	PRP
could	MD
think	VB
of	IN
.	.
The	DT
teachers	NNS
saw	VBD
it	PRP
and	CC
did	VBD
nothing	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
afraid	JJ
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
because	IN
I	PRP
thought	VBD
they	PRP
would	MD
think	VB
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
failure	NN
.	.
The	DT
teasing	VBG
finally	RB
did	VBD
stop	VB
but	CC
I	PRP
spent	VBD
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
year	NN
walking	VBG
on	IN
eggshells	NNS
waiting	VBG
for	IN
it	PRP
to	TO
start	VB
again	RB
.	.
About	IN
two	CD
years	NNS
after	IN
this	DT
,	,
I	PRP
gained	VBD
weight	NN
just	RB
from	IN
metabolism	NN
changes	NNS
during	IN
puberty	NN
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
notice	VB
until	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
getting	VBG
ice	NN
cream	NN
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
freezer	NN
one	CD
day	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
father	NN
said	VBD
I	PRP
should	MD
n't	RB
eat	VB
it	PRP
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
gaining	VBG
weight	NN
.	.
That	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
first	JJ
diet	NN
.	.
I	PRP
lost	VBD
the	DT
weight	NN
in	IN
a	DT
pretty	RB
healthy	JJ
way	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
loved	VBD
the	DT
attention	NN
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
junk	NN
food	NN
though	IN
and	CC
soon	RB
gained	VBD
it	PRP
back	RB
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
up	RB
,	,
down	RB
,	,
up	RB
,	,
down	RB
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
I	PRP
tried	VBD
to	TO
stop	VB
eating	VBG
but	CC
could	MD
n't	RB
lose	VB
weight	NN
that	DT
way	NN
because	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
had	VBD
shut	VBN
down	RB
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
n't	RB
tried	VBN
throwing	VBG
up	RP
or	CC
using	VBG
laxatives	NNS
or	CC
diuretics	NNS
until	IN
after	IN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
brought	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
a	DT
specialist	NN
for	IN
endocrinology	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
glands	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
see	VB
if	IN
something	NN
was	VBD
wrong	JJ
with	IN
my	PRP$
thyroid	NN
.	.
The	DT
doctor	NN
said	VBD
nothing	NN
was	VBD
-LRB-	-LRB-
he	PRP
has	VBZ
since	IN
been	VBN
proven	VBN
wrong	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
referred	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
a	DT
nutritionist	NN
.	.
He	PRP
failed	VBD
to	TO
notice	VB
that	IN
a	DT
15	CD
year	NN
old	JJ
girl	NN
was	VBD
crying	VBG
in	IN
his	PRP$
office	NN
because	IN
she	PRP
though	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
overweight	JJ
when	WRB
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
she	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
.	.
To	TO
make	VB
a	DT
long	JJ
story	NN
short	RB
,	,
at	IN
16	CD
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
throwing	VBG
up	RP
three	CD
times	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
I	PRP
got	VBD
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
from	IN
our	PRP$
pediatrician	NN
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
even	RB
tell	VB
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
an	DT
angel	NN
.	.
I	PRP
worked	VBD
extremely	RB
hard	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
five	CD
or	CC
so	RB
years	NNS
and	CC
got	VBD
much	RB
better	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
feel	VB
100	CD
%	NN
better	JJR
though	IN
until	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
diagnosed	VBN
with	IN
chemical	NN
depression	NN
and	CC
started	VBD
on	IN
medication	NN
.	.
I	PRP
found	VBD
out	RP
that	IN
a	DT
chemical	NN
imbalance	NN
had	VBD
been	VBN
causing	VBG
my	PRP$
sugar	NN
cravings	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
thin	JJ
but	CC
healthy	JJ
weight	NN
ever	RB
since	IN
,	,
even	RB
through	IN
the	DT
birth	NN
of	IN
two	CD
children	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
therapy	NN
worked	VBD
because	IN
it	PRP
got	VBD
me	PRP
in	IN
touch	NN
with	IN
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
,	,
what	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
feeling	NN
and	CC
what	WP
I	PRP
want	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
always	RB
had	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
what	WP
others	NNS
wanted	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
and	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
never	RB
acceptable	JJ
to	TO
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
continue	VBP
to	TO
take	VB
my	PRP$
medication	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
been	VBN
recovered	VBN
for	IN
over	IN
12	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
on	IN
to	TO
receive	VB
my	PRP$
master	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
in	IN
counseling	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
a	DT
therapist	NN
helping	VBG
others	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
so	RB
happy	JJ
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
I	PRP
am	VBP
working	VBG
with	IN
are	VBP
really	RB
getting	VBG
better	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
gift	NN
from	IN
God	NNP
because	IN
it	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
realize	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
change	VB
my	PRP$
life	NN
or	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
die	VB
.	.
It	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
hurt	VBD
enough	RB
to	TO
get	VB
into	IN
therapy	NN
and	CC
face	NN
my	PRP$
fears	NNS
and	CC
become	VB
my	PRP$
true	JJ
self	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
worth	JJ
every	DT
difficult	JJ
moment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
even	RB
sure	JJ
where	WRB
the	DT
weight	NN
problem	NN
began	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
many	JJ
memories	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
childhood	NN
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
actually	RB
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
many	JJ
memories	NNS
of	IN
sneaking	VBG
food	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
it	PRP
in	IN
private	JJ
.	.
Nor	CC
do	VBP
I	PRP
have	VBP
any	DT
memories	NNS
of	IN
stealing	VBG
food	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
at	IN
a	DT
young	JJ
age	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
anything	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
remember	VB
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
rewarding	JJ
me	PRP
with	IN
food	NN
?	.
Is	VBZ
that	IN
where	WRB
it	PRP
began	VBD
?	.
All	DT
I	PRP
can	MD
really	RB
tell	VB
you	PRP
is	VBZ
that	IN
my	PRP$
school	NN
pic	NN
from	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
six	CD
has	VBZ
me	PRP
skinny	NN
,	,
the	DT
one	CD
at	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
seven	CD
I	PRP
'm	VBP
obese	JJ
for	IN
such	JJ
a	DT
little	JJ
thing	NN
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
take	VB
tap	VB
dancing	NN
lessons	NNS
--	:
IF	IN
I	PRP
lost	VBD
weight	NN
.	.
The	DT
feeling	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
got	VBD
was	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
worthless	JJ
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
fat	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
useless	JJ
and	CC
would	MD
amount	VB
to	TO
anything	NN
.	.
It	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
help	VB
that	IN
my	PRP$
mother	NN
mainly	RB
agreed	VBD
with	IN
my	PRP$
father	NN
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
carried	VBD
all	DT
of	IN
this	DT
garbage	NN
around	IN
with	IN
me	PRP
for	IN
years	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
childhood	NN
years	NNS
were	VBD
rough	JJ
.	.
The	DT
other	JJ
kids	NNS
did	VBD
n't	RB
like	VB
me	PRP
,	,
teachers	NNS
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
pest	NN
,	,
and	CC
according	VBG
to	TO
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
I	PRP
was	VBD
useless	JJ
.	.
Those	DT
years	NNS
actually	RB
do	VBP
n't	RB
hold	VB
many	JJ
memories	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
simply	RB
not	RB
strong	JJ
enough	RB
to	TO
face	VB
them	PRP
.	.
Even	RB
my	PRP$
junior	NN
high	JJ
years	NNS
were	VBD
rough	JJ
.	.
As	IN
were	VBD
my	PRP$
high	JJ
school	NN
years	NNS
.	.
The	DT
one	CD
thing	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
regret	VBP
to	TO
this	DT
day	NN
was	VBD
NOT	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
my	PRP$
high	JJ
school	NN
prom	NN
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
too	RB
fat	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
dress	NN
.	.
No	DT
one	NN
asked	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
Even	RB
my	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
of	IN
three	CD
years	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
take	VB
me	PRP
.	.
Either	CC
did	VBD
two	CD
other	JJ
guys	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
asked	VBD
.	.
The	DT
treatment	NN
from	IN
these	DT
so-called	JJ
``	``
friends	NNS
''	''
only	RB
added	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
hatred	NN
of	IN
men	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
world	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
myself	PRP
convinced	VBD
that	IN
all	DT
men	NNS
are	VBP
evil	JJ
.	.
By	IN
the	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
college	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
lost	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
a	DT
program	NN
at	IN
school	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
thought	VBD
it	PRP
was	VBD
something	NN
that	IN
fat	JJ
people	NNS
should	MD
do	VB
.	.
There	EX
were	VBD
only	RB
girls	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
class	NN
,	,
no	DT
guys	NNS
.	.
This	DT
suited	VBD
me	PRP
fine	JJ
,	,
since	IN
men	NNS
were	VBD
assholes	NNS
anyway	RB
.	.
In	IN
my	PRP$
second	JJ
semester	NN
of	IN
college	NN
,	,
I	PRP
discovered	VBD
the	DT
internet	NN
.	.
Class	NN
was	VBD
no	RB
longer	RB
fun	NN
,	,
chatting	VBG
was	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
more	JJR
fun	NN
.	.
Guys	NNS
would	MD
talk	VB
to	TO
me	PRP
over	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
.	.
:	:
-RRB-	-RRB-
I	PRP
started	VBD
skipping	VBG
class	NN
to	TO
go	VB
online	NN
.	.
But	CC
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
more	RBR
fun	NN
than	IN
real	JJ
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
go	VB
back	RB
to	TO
classes	NNS
the	DT
second	JJ
year	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
needed	VBD
to	TO
.	.
I	PRP
needed	VBD
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
school	NN
so	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
get	VB
a	DT
loan	NN
for	IN
a	DT
computer	NN
.	.
Once	RB
I	PRP
got	VBD
a	DT
loan	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
computer	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
able	JJ
to	TO
chat	VB
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
--	:
and	CC
I	PRP
mean	VBP
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
seen	VBN
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
--	:
hated	VBD
them	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
care	VB
about	IN
school	NN
--	:
did	VBD
n't	RB
care	VB
about	IN
that	DT
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
October	NNP
of	IN
'98	CD
when	WRB
I	PRP
met	VBD
a	DT
guy	NN
online	NN
who	WP
ended	VBD
up	RP
being	VBG
the	DT
biggest	JJS
piece	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
to	TO
me	PRP
as	IN
of	IN
yet	RB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
convinced	VBN
he	PRP
was	VBD
``	``
evil	JJ
''	''
as	IN
all	DT
men	NNS
are	VBP
,	,
you	PRP
know	VBP
?	.
But	CC
SOMETHING	NNP
in	IN
him	PRP
allowed	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
start	VB
talking	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
able	JJ
to	TO
tell	VB
him	PRP
all	DT
kinds	NNS
of	IN
thing	NN
--	:
and	CC
know	VB
what	WP
?	.
He	PRP
listened	VBD
.	.
He	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
make	VB
fun	NN
of	IN
me	PRP
,	,
my	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
,	,
or	CC
my	PRP$
feelings	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
was	VBD
there	RB
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
felt	VBD
depressed	JJ
,	,
no	DT
matter	NN
how	WRB
he	PRP
felt	VBD
,	,
he	PRP
always	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
know	VB
how	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
doing	VBG
,	,
what	WP
was	VBD
going	VBG
on	IN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
told	VBD
him	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
thought	VBD
it	PRP
was	VBD
time	NN
I	PRP
seen	VBD
a	DT
therapist	NN
,	,
he	PRP
supported	VBD
me	PRP
100	CD
%	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
actually	RB
,	,
he	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
promise	VBP
him	PRP
and	CC
he	PRP
more	JJR
than	IN
likely	JJ
knew	VBD
damn	RB
well	RB
I	PRP
'd	MD
never	RB
break	VB
a	DT
promise	NN
to	TO
him	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
But	CC
more	RBR
than	IN
anything	NN
,	,
he	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
restore	VB
my	PRP$
faith	NN
in	IN
men	NNS
.	.
SO	RB
confident	JJ
that	IN
after	IN
two	CD
months	NNS
of	IN
therapy	NN
,	,
I	PRP
said	VBD
goodbye	NN
to	TO
her	PRP$
never	RB
intending	VBG
to	TO
return	VB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
recovered	VBN
,	,
right	RB
?	.
I	PRP
completely	RB
fell	VBD
apart	RB
in	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
two	CD
months	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
past	JJ
and	CC
present	JJ
were	VBD
colliding	VBG
at	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
force	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
keep	VB
up	RP
with	IN
one	CD
emotion	NN
before	IN
another	DT
would	MD
hit	VB
.	.
Going	VBG
online	NN
did	VBD
n't	RB
even	RB
help	VB
at	IN
this	DT
point	NN
--	:
I	PRP
needed	VBD
the	DT
real	JJ
time	NN
stuff	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
needed	VBD
it	PRP
FAST	RB
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
back	RB
to	TO
her	PRP$
on	IN
May	NNP
31	CD
,	,
1999	CD
and	CC
I	PRP
consider	VBP
that	DT
day	NN
to	TO
be	VB
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
physical	JJ
health	NN
had	VBD
also	RB
fallen	VBN
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
stress	NN
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
through	IN
HELL	NN
with	IN
problems	NNS
with	IN
my	PRP$
bowels	NNS
for	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
and	CC
felt	VBD
miserable	JJ
most	RBS
days	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
avoided	VBD
a	DT
doctor	NN
,	,
because	IN
I	PRP
honestly	RB
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
the	DT
attention	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
knew	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
get	VB
.	.
I	PRP
eventually	RB
went	VBD
to	TO
see	VB
a	DT
doctor	NN
for	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
happy	JJ
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
n't	RB
had	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
much	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
trouble	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
stomach	NN
since	IN
.	.
Life	NNP
these	DT
days	NNS
is	VBZ
great	JJ
.	.
Sure	RB
,	,
I	PRP
complain	VBP
every	DT
once	RB
in	IN
a	DT
while	NN
,	,
I	PRP
even	RB
get	VBP
depressed	VBN
at	IN
times	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
medicated	VBN
with	IN
Paxil	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
depression	NN
and	CC
mood	NN
swings	NNS
.	.
But	CC
these	DT
days	NNS
life	NN
is	VBZ
good	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
far	RB
ways	NNS
to	TO
go	VB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
think	VBP
that	IN
to	TO
some	DT
degree	NN
I	PRP
HAVE	VBP
recovered	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
bulimic\/anorexic	JJ
from	IN
about	IN
age	NN
16	CD
to	TO
25	CD
.	.
Did	VBD
12	CD
steps	NNS
which	WDT
helped	VBD
me	PRP
a	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
spiritual	NN
,	,
and	CC
social	JJ
growth	NN
but	CC
got	VBD
worse	JJR
before	IN
I	PRP
got	VBD
better	JJR
.	.
Went	VBD
to	TO
Radar	NNP
Institute	NNP
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
25	CD
...	:
awesome	JJ
.	.
.	.
and	CC
really	RB
began	VBD
the	DT
physical	JJ
recovery	NN
from	IN
there	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
growth	NN
on	IN
all	DT
levels	NNS
continues	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
discipline	NN
of	IN
course	NN
,	,
but	CC
once	RB
ya	PRP
get	VB
the	DT
hang	VB
of	IN
it	PRP
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
just	RB
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
life	NN
AND	CC
the	DT
fruits	NNS
of	IN
dignity	NN
and	CC
maturing	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
planet	NN
are	VBP
success	NN
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WDT
stage	NN
one	CD
is	VBZ
at	IN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
39	CD
.	.
.	.
married	VBN
with	IN
2	CD
children	NNS
.	.
The	DT
qualities	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
feel	VBP
allowed	VBN
me	PRP
to	TO
succeed	VB
were	VBD
my	PRP$
willingness	NN
to	TO
change	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
neverending	VBG
process	NN
!	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
&	CC
being	VBG
openminded	VBN
,	,
patience	NN
for	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
growing	VBG
relationship	NN
with	IN
God	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
repsectful	NN
of	IN
where	WRB
each	DT
person	NN
is	VBZ
at	IN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
there	EX
myself	PRP
,	,
but	CC
maintain	VBP
that	IN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
heal	VB
and	CC
grow	VB
,	,
we	PRP
must	MD
step	VB
into	IN
uncomfortable	JJ
and	CC
unkown	JJ
territory	NN
and	CC
accept	VB
that	DT
quite	RB
often	RB
we	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
know	VB
what	WP
was	VBD
best	JJS
for	IN
ourselves	PRP
,	,
which	WDT
got	VBD
us	PRP
there	RB
in	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
place	NN
!	.
With	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
find	VB
more	RBR
and	CC
more	RBR
your	PRP$
own	JJ
fine	JJ
tuning	NN
or	CC
thermostat	NN
so	RB
to	TO
speak	VB
,	,
for	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
particular	JJ
path	NN
and	CC
timing	NN
.	.
I	PRP
ate	VBD
compulsively	RB
from	IN
a	DT
very	RB
early	JJ
age	NN
but	CC
did	VBD
n't	RB
really	RB
realize	VB
it	PRP
until	IN
my	PRP$
first	JJ
diet	NN
``	``
failure	NN
''	''
in	IN
my	PRP$
early	JJ
twenties	NNS
.	.
Being	VBG
BIG	NNP
was	VBD
how	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
,	,
and	CC
needed	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
simply	RB
to	TO
exist	VB
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
child	NN
,	,
rewards	NNS
and	CC
consolations	NNS
were	VBD
administered	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
form	NN
of	IN
food	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
no	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
eight	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
when	WRB
a	DT
nun	NN
at	IN
my	PRP$
boarding-school	NN
pointed	VBD
out	RP
to	TO
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
well	RB
on	IN
the	DT
way	NN
to	TO
obesity	NN
.	.
This	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
start	NN
of	IN
a	DT
battle	NN
of	IN
wills	NNS
with	IN
my	PRP$
mother	NN
,	,
who	WP
considered	VBD
anything	NN
vaguely	RB
fat	JJ
as	IN
ill-disciplined	JJ
at	IN
best	JJS
,	,
disgusting	VBG
at	IN
worst	JJS
.	.
Although	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
bright	JJ
child	NN
and	CC
got	VBD
good	JJ
marks	NNS
at	IN
school	NN
,	,
somehow	RB
my	PRP$
excessive	JJ
weight	NN
would	MD
,	,
in	IN
her	PRP$
eyes	NNS
,	,
overshadow	VB
everything	NN
else	RB
.	.
Being	VBG
at	IN
boarding-school	NN
made	VBD
it	PRP
easier	JJR
to	TO
indulge	VB
in	IN
excessive	JJ
food	NN
intake	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
remember	VBP
the	DT
numerous	JJ
escapades	NNS
over	IN
the	DT
wall	NN
to	TO
the	DT
village	NN
shop	NN
with	IN
much	JJ
amusement	NN
;	:
however	RB
,	,
I	PRP
dreaded	VBD
coming	VBG
home	NN
to	TO
face	VB
the	DT
scales	NNS
...	:
The	DT
weigh-in	NN
ordeals	NNS
made	VBD
me	PRP
feel	VB
worthless	JJ
and	CC
humiliated	JJ
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
mother	NN
would	MD
not	RB
hide	VB
her	PRP$
disgust	NN
at	IN
having	VBG
to	TO
buy	VB
larger	JJR
clothes	NNS
for	IN
me	PRP
every	DT
couple	NN
of	IN
months	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
turned	VBD
sixteen	CD
,	,
I	PRP
started	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
day	NN
school	NN
and	CC
found	VBD
myself	PRP
stealing	VBG
food	NN
from	IN
shops	NNS
,	,
money	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
,	,
their	PRP$
friends	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
and	CC
fellow	JJ
students	NNS
just	RB
to	TO
buy	VB
food	NN
.	.
The	DT
scale	NN
episodes	NNS
continued	VBD
weekly	JJ
,	,
as	IN
did	VBD
the	DT
disgust	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
school	NN
work	NN
deteriorated	VBN
and	CC
I	PRP
barely	RB
did	VBD
enough	RB
to	TO
pass	VB
my	PRP$
exams	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
found	VBD
a	DT
job	NN
and	CC
left	VBD
home	NN
at	IN
eighteen	CD
:	:
funnily	RB
enough	RB
,	,
the	DT
compulsion	NN
died	VBD
down	RP
for	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
months	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
got	VBD
the	DT
weight	NN
under	IN
control	NN
,	,
but	CC
when	WRB
I	PRP
moved	VBD
from	IN
an	DT
active	JJ
job	NN
to	TO
a	DT
more	RBR
sedentary	JJ
one	CD
,	,
all	DT
control	NN
went	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
window	NN
.	.
At	IN
this	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
met	VBD
my	PRP$
husband	NN
and	CC
started	VBD
my	PRP$
first	JJ
real	JJ
diet	NN
with	IN
WW	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
lost	VBD
almost	RB
all	PDT
the	DT
weight	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
lose	VB
,	,
then	RB
one	CD
day	NN
I	PRP
``	``
saw	VBD
''	''
myself	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
and	CC
did	VBD
n't	RB
recognize	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
Needless	JJ
to	TO
say	VB
,	,
I	PRP
stuffed	VBD
myself	PRP
until	IN
everything	NN
was	VBD
back	RB
on	IN
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
a	DT
total	JJ
failure	NN
,	,
but	CC
started	VBD
to	TO
become	VB
aware	JJ
of	IN
my	PRP$
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
habits	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
admit	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
anyone	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
shame	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
simply	RB
over-indulged	JJ
in	IN
private	JJ
well	RB
beyond	IN
the	DT
point	NN
of	IN
physical	JJ
discomfort	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
weight	NN
gradually	RB
climbed	VBD
to	TO
scary	JJ
heights	NNS
and	CC
,	,
after	IN
eleven	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
marriage	NN
,	,
I	PRP
left	VBD
my	PRP$
husband	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
cope	VB
with	IN
him	PRP
being	VBG
happy	JJ
while	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
miserable	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
believe	VB
that	IN
he	PRP
loved	VBD
me	PRP
,	,
since	IN
I	PRP
hated	VBD
myself	PRP
so	RB
much	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
second	JJ
WW	NNP
diet	NN
followed	VBD
,	,
but	CC
by	IN
this	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
so	RB
much	JJ
to	TO
lose	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
hang	VB
on	IN
,	,
and	CC
of	IN
course	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
facing	VBG
up	RP
to	TO
the	DT
root	NN
of	IN
the	DT
problem	NN
.	.
The	DT
following	JJ
year	NN
I	PRP
became	VBD
very	RB
ill	JJ
:	:
my	PRP$
bowel	NN
packed	VBD
up	RP
,	,
I	PRP
developed	VBD
stomach	NN
ulcers	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
thyroid	JJ
self-destructed	VBD
and	CC
my	PRP$
gall-bladder	NN
decided	VBD
it	PRP
was	VBD
time	NN
to	TO
bail	VB
out	RP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
depressed	JJ
that	IN
,	,
by	IN
that	DT
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
over-eating	VBG
more	JJR
than	IN
ever	RB
,	,
piling	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
weight	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
but	CC
of	IN
course	NN
with	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
health	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
such	JJ
a	DT
good	JJ
excuse	NN
...	:
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
finally	RB
feeling	VBG
totally	RB
and	CC
utterly	RB
suicidal	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
stayed	VBN
on	IN
very	RB
good	JJ
terms	NNS
with	IN
my	PRP$
husband	NN
and	CC
when	WRB
I	PRP
hit	VBD
rock-bottom	NN
in	IN
nineteen	NN
ninety	CD
eight	CD
,	,
I	PRP
shared	VBD
my	PRP$
shameful	JJ
secret	NN
with	IN
him	PRP
for	IN
the	DT
very	RB
first	JJ
time	NN
.	.
The	DT
relief	NN
was	VBD
indescribable	JJ
,	,
his	PRP$
reaction	NN
neutral	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
careful	JJ
man	NN
my	PRP$
husband	NN
-	:
always	RB
trying	VBG
not	RB
to	TO
say	VB
the	DT
wrong	JJ
thing	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
finally	RB
started	VBD
thinking	VBG
about	IN
getting	VBG
help	NN
.	.
At	IN
this	DT
stage	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
way	NN
beyond	IN
comfortable	JJ
physically	RB
,	,
but	CC
found	VBD
little	JJ
understanding	NN
from	IN
doctors	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Europe	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
really	RB
up	IN
to	TO
speed	VB
on	RP
EDs	NNS
in	IN
general	JJ
,	,
even	RB
less	RBR
so	RB
on	IN
CED	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
My	PRP$
younger	JJR
sister	NN
had	VBD
started	VBN
a	DT
weight	NN
loss	NN
and	CC
control	NN
program	NN
at	IN
that	DT
time	NN
so	IN
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
own	JJ
GP	NNP
and	CC
said	VBD
``	``
this	DT
is	VBZ
what	WP
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
,	,
give	VB
me	PRP
the	DT
prescriptions	NNS
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
give	VB
me	PRP
a	DT
referral	NN
to	TO
a	DT
therapist	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
,	,
at	IN
some	DT
stage	NN
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
hit	VB
a	DT
bad	JJ
CED	NNP
period	NN
again	RB
''	''
.	.
My	PRP$
GP	NNP
prescribed	VBD
the	DT
weight	NN
loss	NN
and	CC
control	NN
program	NN
and	CC
referred	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
a	DT
therapist	NN
who	WP
works	VBZ
with	IN
hypnotherapy	NN
.	.
Going	VBG
for	IN
therapy	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
novel	NN
and	CC
very	RB
uncomfortable	JJ
experience	NN
:	:
it	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
extremely	RB
difficult	JJ
to	TO
share	VB
all	PDT
those	DT
feelings	NNS
of	IN
rejection	NN
,	,
shame	NN
,	,
disgust	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
with	IN
anyone	NN
,	,
let	VB
alone	RB
a	DT
complete	JJ
stranger	NN
...	:
I	PRP
started	VBD
the	DT
weight	NN
control	NN
program	NN
ten	CD
months	NNS
ago	RB
and	CC
have	VB
shed	VBN
half	DT
my	PRP$
body	NN
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
therapy	NN
for	IN
seven	CD
months	NNS
now	RB
,	,
and	CC
even	RB
if	IN
the	DT
compulsion	NN
to	TO
eat	VB
is	VBZ
still	RB
there	RB
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
learning	VBG
to	TO
live	VB
with	IN
it	PRP
:	:
as	IN
the	DT
therapist	NN
points	VBZ
out	RP
,	,
I	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
feeling	VBG
the	DT
compulsion	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
responsible	JJ
for	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
put	VBP
in	IN
my	PRP$
mouth	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
considered	VBN
easy-going	JJ
,	,
since	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
friendly	JJ
and	CC
amenable	JJ
in	IN
public	JJ
,	,
almost	RB
apologetic	JJ
for	IN
existing	VBG
at	IN
all	DT
and	CC
fearful	JJ
of	IN
even	RB
vaguely	RB
offending	VBG
anyone	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
totally	RB
unable	JJ
to	TO
say	VB
no	DT
to	TO
any	DT
requests	NNS
for	IN
help	NN
,	,
however	RB
unreasonable	JJ
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
general	JJ
assumption	NN
was	VBD
``	``
Oh	UH
no	DT
problem	NN
,	,
Eva	NNP
will	MD
take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
invariably	RB
put	VBD
myself	PRP
down	RP
when	WRB
others	NNS
paid	VBD
me	PRP
compliments	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
deserve	VB
compliments	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
made	VBD
fun	NN
of	IN
myself	PRP
and	CC
my	PRP$
weight	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
so	RB
that	IN
others	NNS
would	MD
not	RB
make	VB
fun	NN
of	IN
me	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
beat	VB
myself	PRP
up	RP
every	DT
hour	NN
of	IN
every	DT
day	NN
with	IN
the	DT
mantra	NN
``	``
not	RB
good	JJ
enough	RB
...	:
not	RB
good	JJ
enough	RB
...	:
''	''
.	.
Out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
eye	NN
,	,
I	PRP
ate	VBD
anything	NN
and	CC
everything	NN
without	IN
hunger	NN
,	,
pleasure	NN
,	,
awareness	NN
even	RB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
unhappy	JJ
,	,
depressed	JJ
,	,
scared	JJ
,	,
felt	VBD
unworthy	JJ
,	,
refused	VBD
my	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
lived	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
mantra	NN
``	``
when	WRB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
slim	JJ
I	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
happy	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
will	MD
do	VB
everything	NN
I	PRP
want	VBP
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
locked	VBD
myself	PRP
in	IN
and	CC
vegetated	VBN
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
the	DT
TV	NN
,	,
hated	VBD
going	VBG
anywhere	RB
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
weight	NN
and	CC
people	NNS
's	POS
reaction	NN
to	TO
it	PRP
,	,
did	VBD
nothing	NN
and	CC
went	VBD
nowhere	RB
.	.
The	DT
bigger	JJR
I	PRP
got	VBD
,	,
the	DT
smaller	JJR
I	PRP
felt	VBD
inside	RB
.	.
I	PRP
let	VBP
people	NNS
treat	VB
me	PRP
like	IN
a	DT
doormat	NN
and	CC
treated	VBD
myself	PRP
like	IN
a	DT
garbage	NN
can	MD
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
learning	VBG
to	TO
stand	VB
up	RP
for	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
realizing	VBG
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
RIGHT	NNP
to	TO
exist	VB
,	,
to	TO
my	PRP$
own	JJ
space	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
own	JJ
time	NN
,	,
to	TO
say	VB
no	UH
,	,
to	TO
say	VB
what	WP
I	PRP
think	VBP
and	CC
feel	VBP
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
all	DT
,	,
that	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
OK	JJ
to	TO
feel	VB
and	CC
express	VB
anger	NN
,	,
hurt	NN
,	,
frustration	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
learning	VBG
to	TO
live	VB
with	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
too	RB
-	:
imagine	VB
the	DT
challenge	NN
of	IN
getting	VBG
up	RP
every	DT
morning	NN
to	TO
face	VB
a	DT
full-length	JJ
mirror	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
have	VBP
avoided	VBN
mirrors	VBZ
like	IN
the	DT
plague	VB
all	DT
my	PRP$
life	NN
...	:
but	CC
that	IN
reflection	NN
is	VBZ
me	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
OK	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
happy	JJ
with	IN
it	PRP
-	:
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
because	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
is	VBZ
smaller	JJR
that	IN
I	PRP
exist	VBP
less	JJR
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
binged	VBD
was	VBD
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
second	JJ
grade	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
never	RB
thought	VBD
much	RB
about	IN
it	PRP
.	.
From	IN
that	DT
point	NN
on	IN
my	PRP$
days	NNS
depended	VBD
on	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
hoping	VBG
it	PRP
would	MD
magically	RB
go	VB
away	RB
but	CC
I	PRP
kept	VBD
putting	VBG
on	RP
more	JJR
weight	NN
.	.
In	IN
middle	JJ
school	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
continuously	RB
ridiculed	VBN
by	IN
my	PRP$
classmates	NNS
and	CC
even	RB
my	PRP$
own	JJ
sister	NN
at	IN
times	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
come	VB
home	NN
and	CC
drown	VB
my	PRP$
self	NN
in	IN
food	NN
and	CC
then	RB
try	VB
and	CC
figure	VB
out	RP
how	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
lose	VB
the	DT
weight	NN
the	DT
next	JJ
day	NN
.	.
Finally	RB
in	IN
eighth	JJ
grade	NN
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
rollerblade	VB
and	CC
lost	VBD
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
believe	VB
how	WRB
much	JJ
praise	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
getting	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
got	VBD
such	PDT
a	DT
high	JJ
off	IN
of	IN
the	DT
comments	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
continued	VBD
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
picked	VBD
up	RP
a	DT
diet	NN
book	NN
and	CC
treated	VBD
it	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
bible	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
entering	VBG
a	DT
new	JJ
high	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
this	DT
was	VBD
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
only	JJ
things	NNS
I	PRP
could	MD
depend	VB
on	IN
.	.
I	PRP
ended	VBD
up	RP
losing	VBG
about	IN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
.	.
Although	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
go	VB
into	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
sick	JJ
.	.
Actually	RB
I	PRP
almost	RB
wish	VBP
they	PRP
had	VBD
put	VBN
me	PRP
in	IN
program	NN
so	IN
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
gotten	VBN
help	NN
.	.
Slowly	RB
though	RB
,	,
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
go	VB
back	RB
to	TO
my	PRP$
old	JJ
ways	NNS
and	CC
started	VBD
to	TO
binge	NN
eat	VB
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
ashamed	JJ
of	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
This	DT
went	VBD
on	IN
until	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
before	IN
my	PRP$
sophomore	NN
year	NN
in	IN
college	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
through	IN
several	JJ
different	JJ
kinds	NNS
of	IN
therapies	NNS
but	CC
none	NN
of	IN
them	PRP
really	RB
helped	VBD
.	.
Then	RB
one	CD
day	NN
I	PRP
decided	VBD
I	PRP
needed	VBD
to	TO
try	VB
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
picked	VBD
a	DT
name	NN
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
book	NN
and	CC
made	VBD
an	DT
appointment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
consider	VBP
that	DT
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
luckiest	JJS
days	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Cary	NNP
changed	VBD
my	PRP$
life	NN
forever	RB
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
only	JJ
ones	NNS
that	WDT
could	MD
get	VB
me	PRP
to	TO
stop	VB
eating	VBG
.	.
We	PRP
dug	VBD
deep	RB
into	IN
why	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
eating	VBG
and	CC
I	PRP
really	RB
opened	VBD
up	RP
.	.
Now	RB
there	EX
are	VBP
still	RB
times	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
trouble	NN
but	CC
I	PRP
would	MD
call	VB
myself	PRP
a	DT
role	NN
model	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
that	IN
one	CD
needs	VBZ
to	TO
really	RB
be	VB
ready	JJ
before	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
make	VB
a	DT
recovery	NN
and	CC
they	PRP
will	MD
know	VB
when	WRB
that	DT
time	NN
has	VBZ
arrived	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
made	VBN
some	DT
definite	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
although	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
scary	JJ
times	NNS
I	PRP
know	VBP
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
okay	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
an	DT
ed	VBN
for	IN
seven	CD
or	CC
eight	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
twenty	CD
now	RB
and	CC
trying	VBG
to	TO
figure	VB
out	RP
a	DT
world	NN
I	PRP
avoided	VBD
for	IN
a	DT
very	RB
long	JJ
time	NN
.	.
I	PRP
dreamt	VBD
of	IN
attention	NN
once	IN
I	PRP
got	VBD
really	RB
really	RB
thin	JJ
.	.
And	CC
my	PRP$
experiences	NNS
are	VBP
probably	RB
not	RB
so	RB
different	JJ
from	IN
other	JJ
people	NNS
with	IN
anorexia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
great	JJ
and	CC
special	JJ
and	CC
admired	VBN
.	.
Today	NN
I	NNP
look	VBP
at	IN
so	RB
many	JJ
girls	NNS
starving	VBG
themselves	PRP
and	CC
think	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
n't	RB
so	RB
special	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
write	VB
about	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
of	IN
not	RB
eating	VBG
and	CC
hourly	JJ
running	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
bathroom	NN
to	TO
weigh	VB
myself	PRP
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
n't	RB
as	RB
important	JJ
as	IN
where	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
recovering	VBG
from	IN
many	JJ
years	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
completely	RB
separate	JJ
world	NN
,	,
a	DT
dark	JJ
world	NN
controlled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
It	PRP
tells	VBZ
you	PRP
what	WP
to	TO
eat	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
actually	RB
what	WP
NOT	RB
to	TO
eat	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
calls	VBZ
you	PRP
names	NNS
and	CC
says	VBZ
you	PRP
are	VBP
fat	JJ
.	.
School	NNP
falls	VBZ
apart-it	JJ
just	RB
happens	VBZ
no	DT
matter	NN
how	WRB
hard	JJ
you	PRP
try	VBP
to	TO
Do	VB
It	PRP
All	DT
.	.
And	CC
you	PRP
get	VBP
to	TO
an	DT
unhealthy	JJ
weight	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
threatened	VBN
with	IN
being	VBG
admitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
hospital	NN
.	.
This	DT
may	MD
happen	VB
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
.	.
But	CC
nomatter	RB
what	WP
,	,
nomatter	JJ
how	WRB
sick	JJ
and	CC
wasted	VBN
away	RB
you	PRP
appear	VBP
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
never	RB
believe	VB
you	PRP
are	VBP
Sick	NNP
Enough	NNP
.	.
The	DT
perfect	JJ
weight	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
exist	VB
and	CC
the	DT
longer	RBR
you	PRP
live	VBP
this	DT
way	NN
,	,
the	DT
harder	JJR
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
find	VB
your	PRP$
way	NN
back	RB
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
write	VB
so	RB
much	JJ
and	CC
perhaps	RB
this	DT
is	VBZ
n't	RB
getting	VBG
my	PRP$
point	NN
across	IN
,	,
perhaps	RB
you	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
a	DT
place	NN
to	TO
hear	VB
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
back	RB
at	IN
school	NN
,	,
working	VBG
towards	IN
a	DT
degree	NN
,	,
struggling	VBG
and	CC
sometimes	RB
slipping	VBG
backwards	RB
but	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
living	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
there	EX
will	MD
be	VB
good	JJ
days	NNS
that	WDT
follow	VBP
the	DT
really	RB
really	RB
bad	JJ
ones	NNS
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
letting	VBG
the	DT
ed	VBN
take	VBP
control	NN
over	IN
me	PRP
again	RB
is	VBZ
a	DT
cop-out	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
finding	VBG
life	NN
to	TO
be	VB
hard	JJ
but	CC
interesting	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
take	VBP
little	JJ
steps	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
family	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
perfect	JJ
,	,
getting	VBG
sick	JJ
did	VBD
not	RB
bring	VB
them	PRP
any	DT
startling	JJ
revelations	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
a	DT
happy	JJ
ending	VBG
where	WRB
I	PRP
never	RB
think	VBP
about	IN
weight	NN
and	CC
feel	VB
so	RB
happy	JJ
and	CC
fulfilled	VBN
with	IN
life	NN
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
realistic	JJ
.	.
Recovering	VBG
is	VBZ
the	DT
hardest	JJS
thing	NN
I	PRP
will	MD
probably	RB
ever	RB
do	VB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
so	RB
much	RB
better	JJR
though	IN
,	,
than	IN
lying	VBG
in	IN
my	PRP$
bed	NN
watching	VBG
the	DT
world	NN
from	IN
afar	NN
,	,
being	VBG
very	RB
sad	JJ
,	,
losing	VBG
friends	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
it	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
statement	NN
.	.
That	DT
was	VBD
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
reasons	NNS
anyway	RB
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
prove	VB
any	DT
point	NN
,	,
not	RB
one	CD
worth	JJ
making	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
though	RB
,	,
proof	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
completely	RB
helpless	JJ
and	CC
controlled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
voice	NN
telling	VBG
you	PRP
not	RB
to	TO
eat	VB
,	,
and	CC
proof	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
fight	VB
your	PRP$
way	NN
back	RB
.	.
SEVEN	CD
YEARS	NNS
,	,
seems	VBZ
like	IN
a	DT
lifetime	NN
ago	RB
.	.
But	CC
,	,
it	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
seven	CD
years	NNS
since	IN
I	PRP
stepped	VBD
into	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
's	POS
office	NN
and	CC
began	VBD
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
from	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
story	NN
:	:
the	DT
one	CD
only	RB
I	PRP
can	MD
tell	VB
about	RB
because	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
the	DT
one	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
lived	VBN
it	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
earliest	JJS
memory	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
disordered	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
is	VBZ
around	IN
age	NN
10	CD
.	.
I	PRP
come	VBP
from	IN
a	DT
family	NN
structure	NN
where	WRB
food	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
emotions	NNS
and	CC
feelings	NNS
,	,
no	DT
matter	NN
how	WRB
happy	JJ
or	CC
sad	JJ
those	DT
emotions	NNS
were	VBD
.	.
Does	VBZ
this	DT
make	VB
my	PRP$
family	NN
abnormal	JJ
?	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
me	PRP
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
to	TO
realize	VB
it	PRP
,	,
but	CC
,	,
not	RB
in	IN
my	PRP$
eyes	NNS
it	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
.	.
If	IN
we	PRP
look	VBP
at	IN
our	PRP$
society	NN
as	IN
a	DT
whole	NN
,	,
food	NN
and	CC
coping	VBG
are	VBP
common	JJ
practices	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
when	WRB
food	NN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
harmful	JJ
tool	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
in	IN
my	PRP$
case	NN
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
attitudes	NNS
around	IN
food	NN
can	MD
have	VB
destructive	JJ
consequences	NNS
.	.
These	DT
destructive	JJ
consequences	NNS
stayed	VBD
with	IN
me	PRP
from	IN
childhood	NN
to	TO
young	JJ
adulthood	NN
.	.
Then	RB
in	IN
1993	CD
,	,
two	CD
miracles	NNS
happened	VBD
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
nieces	NNS
,	,
and	CC
all	PDT
the	DT
sudden	JJ
life	NN
took	VBD
on	RP
a	DT
whole	JJ
new	JJ
meaning	NN
.	.
The	DT
birth	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
two	CD
oldest	JJS
nieces	NNS
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
23	CD
made	VBD
me	PRP
realize	VB
how	WRB
sick	JJ
I	PRP
had	VBD
become	VBN
.	.
Now	RB
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
an	DT
Aunt	NNP
and	CC
had	VBD
a	DT
responsibility	NN
to	TO
these	DT
two	CD
wonderful	JJ
little	JJ
girls	NNS
.	.
Today	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
the	DT
proud	JJ
``	``
Honorary	JJ
Auntie	NN
''	''
to	TO
nine	CD
nieces	NNS
and	CC
nephews	NNS
,	,
with	IN
number	NN
10	CD
on	IN
the	DT
way	NN
!	.
!	.
!	.
To	TO
have	VB
lived	VBN
to	TO
hear	VB
the	DT
words	NNS
,	,
''	''
I	PRP
love	VBP
you	PRP
Auntie	NNP
Dee	NNP
''	''
is	VBZ
the	DT
best	JJS
feeling	NN
at	IN
this	DT
stage	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
an	DT
unconditional	JJ
love	NN
I	PRP
never	RB
imagined	VBD
I	PRP
had	VBD
inside	IN
of	IN
me	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
seems	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
always	RB
on	IN
a	DT
time	NN
line	NN
to	TO
measure	VB
life	NN
's	POS
successes	NNS
,	,
by	IN
this	DT
age	NN
and	CC
\/	NN
or	CC
stage	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
,	,
or	CC
have	VBP
or	CC
want	VBP
...	:
Goals	NNS
are	VBP
great	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
,	,
and	CC
reaching	VBG
for	IN
them	PRP
is	VBZ
admirable	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
my	PRP$
life\/goals	NNS
all	DT
planned	VBN
out	RP
for	IN
many	JJ
years	NNS
.	.
The	DT
funny	JJ
thing	NN
is	VBZ
,	,
none	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
turned	VBN
out	RP
as	IN
originally	RB
planned	VBN
.	.
For	IN
me	PRP
this	DT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
huge	JJ
adjustment	NN
.	.
Along	IN
the	DT
way	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
detoured	JJ
life	NN
I	PRP
discovered	VBD
that	IN
so	RB
much	JJ
was	VBD
out	IN
there	RB
waiting	VBG
,	,
if	IN
not	RB
passing	VBG
me	PRP
by	IN
.	.
Each	DT
person	NN
who	WP
comes	VBZ
into	IN
one	CD
's	POS
life	NN
is	VBZ
there	RB
to	TO
teach	VB
us	PRP
something	NN
and	CC
there	EX
are	VBP
times	NNS
we	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
understand	VB
it	PRP
until	IN
some	DT
point	NN
later	RB
on	IN
.	.
I	PRP
used	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
so	RB
focused	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
career	NN
and	CC
success	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
forgot	VBD
who	WP
was	VBD
important	JJ
and	CC
enriched	VBD
my	PRP$
impending	JJ
success	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
still	RB
focused	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
career	NN
,	,
but	CC
in	IN
a	DT
much	JJ
healthier	RBR
way	NN
that	IN
suits	NNS
my	PRP$
lifestyle	NN
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
have	VB
gotten	VBN
through	IN
any	DT
of	IN
this	DT
without	IN
my	PRP$
loving	JJ
support	NN
system	NN
of	IN
family	NN
and	CC
good	JJ
friends	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
so	RB
long	JJ
ago	IN
that	DT
my	PRP$
sickness	NN
had	VBD
taken	VBN
me	PRP
away	RB
from	IN
everyone	NN
who	WP
loved	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
spent	VBN
many	JJ
years	NNS
coming	VBG
to	TO
terms	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
reality	NN
that	WDT
took	VBD
years	NNS
away	RB
from	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
play	VB
''	''
the	DT
blame	NN
game	NN
''	''
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
angry	JJ
anymore	RB
.	.
Besides	IN
,	,
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
up	RP
too	RB
much	RB
of	IN
my	PRP$
energy	NN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
an	DT
adolescent	JJ
counselor	NN
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
tell	VB
the	DT
kids	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
care	NN
that	IN
Childhood	NNP
is	VBZ
meant	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
journey	NN
,	,
not	RB
a	DT
race	NN
.	.
It	PRP
seems	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
spent	VBD
a	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
younger	JJR
years	NNS
trying	VBG
to	TO
grow	VB
up	RP
so	RB
fast	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
take	VB
time	NN
to	TO
enjoy	VB
my	PRP$
own	JJ
childhood	NN
journey	NN
.	.
I	PRP
look	VBP
at	IN
the	DT
younger	JJR
members	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
so	RB
much	JJ
pride	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
ambitions	NNS
,	,
but	CC
moreover	RB
the	DT
young	JJ
adults	NNS
they	PRP
all	DT
have	VBP
become	VBN
.	.
Whenever	NNP
I	PRP
need	VBP
my	PRP$
own	JJ
reality	NN
checks	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
always	RB
turn	VB
to	TO
my	PRP$
brothers	NNS
Mike	NNP
or	CC
Jim	NNP
,	,
or	CC
my	PRP$
cousin	NN
Stephanie	NNP
for	IN
their	PRP$
innate	JJ
wisdom	NN
and	CC
senses	NNS
of	IN
humor	NN
that	WDT
bring	VBP
me	PRP
back	RP
``	``
down	RB
to	TO
earth	NN
''	''
.	.
They	PRP
have	VBP
everything	NN
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
them	PRP
and	CC
they	PRP
tell	VBP
me	PRP
how	WRB
successful	JJ
and	CC
great	JJ
I	PRP
am	VBP
when	WRB
in	IN
turn	NN
they	PRP
have	VBP
given	VBN
me	PRP
part	NN
of	IN
that	IN
``	``
greatness	NN
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
fortunate	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
these	DT
strong	JJ
connections	NNS
with	IN
many	JJ
members	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
,	,
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
who	WP
allow	VBP
me	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
an	DT
astonishing	JJ
realization	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
that	IN
how	WRB
the	DT
simplest	JJS
things	NNS
in	IN
life	NN
can	MD
make	VB
me	PRP
happy	JJ
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
engaged	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
erratic	JJ
behaviors	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
never	RB
noticed	VBD
how	WRB
the	DT
simplest	JJS
pleasures	NNS
could	MD
make	VB
me	PRP
happy	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
now	RB
enjoy	VBP
the	DT
time	NN
spent	VBN
with	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
,	,
friends	NNS
,	,
and	CC
all	PDT
the	DT
children	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
even	RB
time	NN
spent	VBN
with	IN
my	PRP$
two	CD
cats	NNS
.	.
Both	DT
cats	NNS
whom	WP
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
raising	VBG
since	IN
their	PRP$
infancy	NN
.	.
Again	RB
,	,
another	DT
lifetime	NN
commitment	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
made	VBN
good	JJ
on	IN
.	.
But	CC
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
even	RB
more	RBR
then	RB
the	DT
people	NNS
in	IN
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
that	IN
we	PRP
take	VBP
time	NN
for	IN
;	:
it	PRP
is	VBZ
watching	VBG
a	DT
sunset	NN
,	,
hiking	NN
in	IN
the	DT
woods	NNS
,	,
reading	VBG
a	DT
good	JJ
book	NN
,	,
dancing	VBG
to	TO
my	PRP$
favorite	JJ
songs	NNS
or	CC
going	VBG
to	TO
favorite	JJ
places	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
smell	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
grandmother	NN
's	POS
cooking	NN
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
laughter	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
nieces	NNS
and	CC
nephews	NNS
.	.
Finally	RB
being	VBG
able	JJ
to	TO
drive	VB
into	IN
my	PRP$
hometown	NN
and	CC
not	RB
feel	VB
like	IN
a	DT
sick	JJ
young	JJ
girl	NN
anymore	RB
.	.
This	DT
alone	RB
is	VBZ
a	DT
personal	JJ
victory	NN
.	.
To	TO
allow	VB
myself	PRP
to	TO
get	VB
to	TO
this	DT
point	NN
seemed	VBD
so	RB
impossible	JJ
.	.
Looking	VBG
back	RB
is	VBZ
never	RB
easy	JJ
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
left	VBD
my	PRP$
hometown	NN
I	PRP
never	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
look	VB
back	RB
.	.
But	CC
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
look	VB
back	RB
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
move	VB
ahead	RB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
hard	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
to	TO
look	VB
within	IN
myself	PRP
and	CC
begin	VB
to	TO
finally	RB
put	VB
the	DT
past	NN
behind	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
learning	VBG
to	TO
allow	VB
myself	PRP
to	TO
heal	VB
from	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
years	NNS
of	IN
being	VBG
sick	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
only	RB
believe	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
given	VBN
a	DT
second	JJ
chance	NN
at	IN
life	NN
seven	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
and	CC
I	PRP
survived	VBD
it	PRP
all	DT
for	IN
reasons	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
may	MD
or	CC
may	MD
not	RB
ever	RB
know	VB
those	DT
reasons	NNS
.	.
Although	IN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
enjoying	VBG
every	DT
moment	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
continue	VBP
to	TO
learn	VB
about	IN
life	NN
,	,
love	NN
and	CC
finally	RB
happiness	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
what	WP
happens	VBZ
in	IN
between	IN
my	PRP$
self	NN
-	:
discovery	NN
that	WDT
really	RB
matters	VBZ
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
regret	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
have	VB
is	VBZ
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
better	JJR
to	TO
my	PRP$
mind	NN
,	,
body	NN
and	CC
spirit	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
know	VBP
someone	NN
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
please	VB
encourage	VB
her	PRP$
or	CC
him	PRP
to	TO
seek	VB
professional	JJ
help	NN
,	,
or	CC
you	PRP
have	VBP
engaged	VBN
in	IN
these	DT
behaviors	NNS
there	EX
is	VBZ
hope	NN
for	IN
a	DT
healthier	RBR
,	,
happier	JJR
lifestyle	NN
,	,
because	IN
life	NN
is	VBZ
worth	JJ
living	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
telling	VBG
you	PRP
these	DT
truths	NNS
because	IN
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
save	VB
you	PRP
the	DT
years	NNS
of	IN
struggle	NN
and	CC
anguish	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
went	VBD
through	IN
to	TO
realize	VB
what	WP
I	PRP
believe	VBP
and	CC
know	VBP
in	IN
my	PRP$
heart	NN
to	TO
be	VB
true	JJ
now	RB
.	.
For	IN
two	CD
decades	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
struggled	VBD
with	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
struggled	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
perfect	JJ
,	,
struggled	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
something	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
,	,
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
happy	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
me	PRP
who	WP
I	PRP
was	VBD
and	CC
am	VBP
and	CC
always	RB
will	MD
be	VB
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
could	MD
n't	RB
see	VB
all	DT
that	IN
I	PRP
see	VBP
now	RB
,	,
and	CC
feel	VB
all	DT
that	IN
I	PRP
feel	VBP
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
change	VB
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
so	RB
I	PRP
fell	VBD
into	IN
my	PRP$
ED	NNP
.	.
All	DT
throughout	IN
my	PRP$
childhood	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
constantly	RB
fighting	VBG
to	TO
``	``
fit	VB
in	RP
''	''
to	TO
the	DT
groove	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
classroom	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
childhood	NN
peers	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
family	NN
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
so	RB
outside	JJ
everything	NN
and	CC
everyone	NN
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
constantly	RB
reminded	VBN
of	IN
this	DT
...	:
by	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
,	,
teachers	NNS
,	,
classmates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
would-be	JJ
``	``
friends	NNS
''	''
who	WP
placed	VBD
conditions	NNS
on	IN
friendship	NN
,	,
conditions	NNS
on	IN
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
I	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
loved	VBN
and	CC
lovable	JJ
.	.
Because	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
know	VB
any	DT
better	JJR
-	:
I	PRP
had	VBD
known	VBN
nothing	NN
else	RB
-	:
I	PRP
believed	VBD
them	PRP
.	.
Somewhere	RB
along	IN
the	DT
way	NN
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
young	JJ
and	CC
ca	MD
n't	RB
even	RB
remember	VB
when	WRB
,	,
I	PRP
forgot	VBD
how	WRB
to	TO
love	VB
myself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
would	MD
take	VB
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
remember	VB
.	.
And	CC
living	VBG
with	IN
my	PRP$
longtime	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
was	VBD
n't	RB
a	DT
party	NN
,	,
no	DT
matter	NN
how	WRB
those	DT
stupid	JJ
melodramatic	JJ
TV	NN
movies	NNS
make	VBP
it	PRP
out	RP
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
in	IN
contrast	NN
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
much	RB
,	,
much	RB
more	RBR
horrible	JJ
and	CC
painful	JJ
than	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
imagined	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
threw	VBD
myself	PRP
into	IN
molding	NN
my	PRP$
body	NN
with	IN
a	DT
vengeance	NN
,	,
like	IN
I	PRP
always	RB
had	VBD
with	IN
everything	NN
else	RB
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
perfect	JJ
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
everyone	NN
to	TO
love	VB
and	CC
admire	VB
me	PRP
for	IN
being	VBG
perfect	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
realize	VB
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
how	WRB
UN-lovable	JJ
I	PRP
was	VBD
surely	RB
becoming	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
gain	VB
the	DT
friends	NNS
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
;	:
in	IN
fact	NN
,	,
I	PRP
drove	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
otherwise	RB
really	RB
caring	VBG
and	CC
wonderful	JJ
people	NNS
away	RB
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
gain	VB
the	DT
respect	NN
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
,	,
or	CC
even	RB
admiration	NN
for	IN
molding	NN
myself	PRP
into	IN
a	DT
``	``
new	JJ
person	NN
''	''
;	:
in	IN
fact	NN
,	,
if	IN
anything	NN
else	RB
,	,
I	PRP
got	VBD
frustration	NN
and	CC
tepid	JJ
pity	NN
.	.
And	CC
what	WP
was	VBD
worse	JJR
,	,
no	DT
matter	NN
how	WRB
``	``
perfect	JJ
''	''
or	CC
close	VB
to	TO
my	PRP$
sick	JJ
and	CC
false	JJ
ideal	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
'd	MD
become	VB
,	,
I	PRP
still	RB
was	VBD
n't	RB
satisfied	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
felt	VBD
myself	PRP
sinking	VBG
deeper	JJR
and	CC
deeper	JJR
into	IN
self-loathing	NN
,	,
self-hatred	JJ
,	,
self-flagellation	NN
for	IN
even	RB
deviating	VBG
slightly	RB
off	IN
my	PRP$
ED-driven	JJ
course	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
utterly	RB
and	CC
inexplicably	RB
miserable	JJ
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
nearing	VBG
the	DT
brink	NN
of	IN
literal	JJ
suicide	NN
and	CC
death	NN
.	.
Because	IN
they	PRP
loved	VBD
me	PRP
tremendously	RB
,	,
more	JJR
than	IN
I	PRP
knew	VBD
and	CC
more	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
fierce	JJ
anger	NN
they	PRP
expressed	VBD
toward	IN
me	PRP
,	,
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
were	VBD
the	DT
ones	NNS
who	WP
helped	VBD
me	PRP
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
mess	NN
I	PRP
'd	MD
created	VBN
of	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
mind	NN
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
soul	NN
.	.
Ironically	RB
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
always	RB
seen	VBN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
as	IN
``	``
the	DT
enemy	NN
''	''
,	,
because	IN
they	PRP
met	VBD
my	PRP$
eccentricities	NNS
and	CC
quirks	NNS
with	IN
confusion	NN
,	,
and	CC
often	RB
repelled	VBD
them	PRP
thus	RB
.	.
But	CC
the	DT
important	JJ
thing	NN
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
see	VB
until	IN
very	RB
recently	RB
was	VBD
that	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
never	RB
repelling	VBG
me	PRP
.	.
In	IN
another	DT
ironic	JJ
twist	NN
,	,
I	PRP
guess	VBP
you	PRP
can	MD
say	VB
that	IN
what	WP
saved	VBN
my	PRP$
life	NN
in	IN
the	DT
immediate	JJ
short-term	JJ
was	VBD
wanting	VBG
to	TO
please	VB
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
-	:
I	PRP
knew	VBD
that	IN
my	PRP$
ED	NNP
was	VBD
driving	VBG
them	PRP
down	RP
and	CC
driving	VBG
them	PRP
away	RB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
no	RB
longer	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
hurt	VB
them	PRP
.	.
Recovery	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
an	DT
easy	JJ
process	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
filled	VBN
with	IN
backslides	NNS
and	CC
broken	JJ
promises	NNS
on	IN
my	PRP$
part	NN
.	.
For	IN
years	NNS
,	,
though	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
physically	RB
``	``
out	RB
of	IN
danger	NN
,	,
''	''
I	PRP
was	VBD
mentally	RB
plagued	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
temptation	NN
to	TO
swing	VB
back	RB
into	IN
my	PRP$
old	JJ
bulimic	JJ
habits	NNS
,	,
and	CC
sometimes	RB
I	PRP
did	VBD
.	.
What	WP
I	PRP
most	RBS
wanted	VBD
to	TO
do	VB
,	,
though	RB
,	,
after	IN
I	PRP
graduated	VBD
from	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
later	RB
from	IN
college	NN
,	,
was	VBD
to	TO
achieve	VB
great	JJ
things	NNS
.	.
The	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
knew	VBD
I	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
achieve	VB
anything	NN
at	IN
all	DT
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
dead	JJ
was	VBD
the	DT
pragmatic	JJ
reality	NN
that	WDT
brought	VBD
me	PRP
out	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
urge	NN
to	TO
fall	VB
back	RB
into	IN
my	PRP$
ED	NNP
.	.
So	IN
I	PRP
fought	VBD
it	PRP
,	,
and	CC
fought	VBD
all	PDT
those	DT
negative	JJ
self-doubting	JJ
feelings	NNS
that	WDT
go	VBP
along	RP
with	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
missed	VBD
the	DT
false	JJ
feelings	NNS
of	IN
``	``
safety	NN
''	''
that	WDT
my	PRP$
ED	NNP
brought	VBD
me	PRP
,	,
but	CC
in	IN
my	PRP$
heart	NN
,	,
I	PRP
came	VBD
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
the	DT
false	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
security	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
deadly	JJ
whisper	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
shut	VB
up	RP
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
move	VB
on	IN
and	CC
become	VB
well	RB
.	.
While	IN
in	IN
college	NN
,	,
I	PRP
fell	VBD
into	IN
something	NN
else	RB
as	IN
destructive	JJ
as	IN
my	PRP$
ED	NNP
,	,
an	DT
emotionally	RB
abusive	JJ
relationship	NN
that	WDT
became	VBD
a	DT
bad	JJ
marriage	NN
.	.
I	PRP
replaced	VBD
all	DT
my	PRP$
self-criticism	NN
and	CC
self-hatred	JJ
with	IN
another	DT
person	NN
to	TO
do	VB
that	DT
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
always	RB
a	DT
bad	JJ
thing	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
first	JJ
husband	NN
was	VBD
himself	PRP
a	DT
self-hating	JJ
person	NN
who	WP
manifested	VBD
his	PRP$
hatred	NN
toward	IN
me	PRP
.	.
Believing	VBG
wrongly	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
deserved	VBD
him	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
stayed	VBD
with	IN
him	PRP
for	IN
seven	CD
years	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
me	PRP
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
also	RB
,	,
but	CC
following	VBG
two	CD
life-changing	JJ
trips	NNS
overseas	RB
,	,
I	PRP
took	VBD
some	DT
time	NN
off	RP
from	IN
work	NN
to	TO
do	VB
some	DT
intense	JJ
soul-searching	NN
and	CC
self-discovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
journalled	VBD
,	,
painted	VBN
,	,
took	VBD
long	RB
walks	VBZ
by	IN
the	DT
beach	NN
just	RB
thinking	VBG
about	IN
where	WRB
I	PRP
'd	MD
been	VBN
,	,
where	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
,	,
and	CC
most	JJS
importantly	RB
,	,
who	WP
I	PRP
really	RB
was	VBD
,	,
without	IN
letting	VBG
other	JJ
people	NNS
's	POS
impressions	NNS
of	IN
me	PRP
interfere	VB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
financially	RB
pretty	RB
impoverished	JJ
during	IN
that	DT
time	NN
because	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
leave	NN
of	IN
absence	NN
,	,
not	RB
everyone	NN
can	MD
take	VB
the	DT
time	NN
off	RP
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
...	:
but	CC
let	VB
me	PRP
tell	VB
you	PRP
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
,	,
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
the	DT
most	RBS
enriching	VBG
and	CC
valuable	JJ
thing	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
ever	RB
done	VBN
for	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
open	VB
myself	PRP
up	RP
to	TO
other	JJ
people	NNS
and	CC
not	RB
worry	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
would	MD
chastise	VB
me	PRP
.	.
In	IN
contrast	NN
,	,
I	PRP
felt	VBD
they	PRP
appreciated	VBD
and	CC
admired	VBD
me	PRP
for	IN
just	RB
being	VBG
me	PRP
!	.
:	:
-	:
-RRB-	-RRB-
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
have	VB
more	JJR
confidence	NN
in	IN
myself	PRP
and	CC
what	WP
I	PRP
could	MD
do	VB
;	:
I	PRP
doubted	VBD
myself	PRP
less	RBR
,	,
and	CC
therefore	RB
I	PRP
was	VBD
able	JJ
to	TO
accomplish	VB
more	JJR
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
started	VBD
back	RB
at	IN
work	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
offered	VBN
a	DT
promotion	NN
into	IN
a	DT
fun	NN
travel-writing	JJ
position	NN
;	:
now	RB
,	,
I	PRP
work	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
responsible	JJ
and	CC
valued	VBN
position	NN
writing	NN
and	CC
testing	NN
tools	NNS
that	WDT
help	VBP
disabled	JJ
people	NNS
do	VBP
their	PRP$
jobs	NNS
...	:
work	NN
that	WDT
gives	VBZ
me	PRP
real	JJ
fulfillment	NN
and	CC
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
purpose	NN
.	.
And	CC
in	IN
the	DT
relationship	NN
arena	NN
,	,
I	PRP
've	VBP
done	VBN
really	RB
well	RB
,	,
better	JJR
than	IN
I	PRP
ever	RB
thought	VBD
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
!	.
Before	IN
I	PRP
started	VBD
my	PRP$
promotion	NN
,	,
I	PRP
met	VBD
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
,	,
relaxed	VBN
,	,
laid-back	JJ
human	JJ
being	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
happy	JJ
with	IN
who	WP
he	PRP
is	VBZ
and	CC
loves	VBZ
his	PRP$
family	NN
and	CC
friends	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
me	PRP
!	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
who	WP
we	PRP
all	DT
are	VBP
.	.
And	CC
for	IN
that	DT
,	,
I	PRP
love	VBP
and	CC
respect	VBP
him	PRP
.	.
He	PRP
is	VBZ
now	RB
my	PRP$
husband	NN
;	:
we	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
married	VBN
for	IN
almost	RB
a	DT
year	NN
,	,
and	CC
are	VBP
planning	VBG
on	IN
getting	VBG
our	PRP$
first	JJ
house	NN
and	CC
starting	VBG
a	DT
family	NN
in	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
few	JJ
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
call	VBP
on	IN
you	PRP
,	,
from	IN
experience	NN
and	CC
the	DT
deepest	JJS
compassion	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
heart	NN
,	,
to	TO
embrace	VB
this	DT
\*	SYM
wonderful	JJ
\*	SYM
in	IN
yourselves	NNS
,	,
right	RB
now	RB
,	,
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WDT
your	PRP$
life	NN
situations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
no	DT
matter	NN
who	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
Each	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
precious	JJ
,	,
worthy	JJ
human	JJ
being	NN
...	:
for	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
happiness	NN
and	CC
fulfillment	NN
,	,
recognize	VB
this	DT
,	,
and	CC
reject	VBP
what	WP
's	VBZ
perfect	JJ
,	,
what	WP
's	VBZ
ED-ridden	JJ
around	IN
you	PRP
...	:
and	CC
embrace	VB
the	DT
wonderous	JJ
and	CC
wonderfully	RB
human	JJ
YOU	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
mother	NN
ignored	VBD
me	PRP
--	:
or	CC
berated	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
said	VBD
she	PRP
regretted	VBD
having	VBG
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
never	RB
hugged	VBN
--	:
or	CC
loved	VBD
.	.
But	CC
you	PRP
,	,
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
comforted	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
number	NN
on	IN
the	DT
scale	NN
went	VBD
down	RB
,	,
that	DT
was	VBD
comfort	NN
.	.
Just	RB
a	DT
few	JJ
more	JJR
pounds	NNS
to	TO
go	VB
--	:
then	RB
she	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
notice	VB
me	PRP
and	CC
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
like	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
almost	RB
disappeared	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
hate	VBP
myself	PRP
for	IN
living	VBG
.	.
You	PRP
provided	VBD
a	DT
slow	JJ
way	NN
of	IN
dying	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
spent	VBD
my	PRP$
entire	JJ
life	NN
in	IN
literal	JJ
silence	NN
.	.
You	PRP
provided	VBD
me	PRP
with	IN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
speak	VB
without	IN
words	NNS
.	.
The	DT
internal	JJ
pain	NN
is	VBZ
too	RB
intense	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
numb	JJ
,	,
and	CC
yet	RB
also	RB
gave	VBD
me	PRP
a	DT
physical	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
show	VB
the	DT
pain	NN
.	.
I	PRP
deserve	VBP
punishment	NN
.	.
You	PRP
gave	VBD
me	PRP
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
punish	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
gave	VBD
me	PRP
predictability	NN
in	IN
a	DT
house	NN
of	IN
chaos	NN
.	.
You	PRP
kept	VBD
me	PRP
safe	JJ
in	IN
an	DT
unsafe	JJ
house	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
sad	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
say	VB
goodbye	NN
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
did	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
Even	RB
though	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
feel	VB
deserving	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
need	VBP
more	JJR
than	IN
what	WP
you	PRP
have	VBP
given	VBN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
now	RB
need	VBP
real	JJ
connections	NNS
with	IN
people	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
feel	VB
true	JJ
,	,
safe	JJ
comfort	NN
.	.
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
feel	VB
a	DT
real	JJ
light	JJ
happiness	NN
.	.
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
loved	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
cry	VB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
years	NNS
and	CC
years	NNS
and	CC
years	NNS
of	IN
tears	NNS
built	VBN
up	IN
that	DT
need	NN
true	JJ
expression	NN
.	.
I	PRP
need	VBP
true	JJ
fulfillment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
see	VB
if	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
capable	JJ
of	IN
real	JJ
close	JJ
relationships	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
experience	VB
opening	VBG
myself	PRP
completely	RB
up	RB
to	TO
Lola	NNP
and	CC
to	TO
feel	VB
her	PRP$
genuine	JJ
comfort	NN
and	CC
compassion	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
time	NN
to	TO
say	VB
goodbye	NN
to	TO
you	PRP
for	IN
good	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
hanging	VBG
on	IN
to	TO
you	PRP
for	IN
safety	NN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
time	NN
to	TO
go	VB
.	.
You	PRP
served	VBD
me	PRP
well	RB
when	WRB
I	PRP
needed	VBD
you	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
thank	VBP
you	PRP
for	IN
that	DT
.	.
Now	RB
,	,
however	RB
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
the	DT
easy	JJ
way	NN
out	IN
.	.
Now	RB
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
push	VB
my	PRP$
limits	NNS
and	CC
with	IN
almost	RB
paralyzing	VBG
fear	NN
try	VB
a	DT
life	NN
without	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
safety	NN
and	CC
live	JJ
life	NN
with	IN
foreign	JJ
concepts	NNS
that	WDT
go	VBP
completely	RB
against	IN
what	WP
you	PRP
taught	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
hate	VB
you	PRP
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
live	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
any	DT
longer	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
thank	VBP
you	PRP
for	IN
helping	VBG
me	PRP
survive	VB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
now	RB
time	NN
to	TO
say	VB
goodbye	NN
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
grieve	VB
for	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
will	MD
sometimes	RB
want	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
return	VB
.	.
But	CC
do	VB
not	RB
return	VB
,	,
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WP
I	PRP
say	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
find	VB
my	PRP$
way	NN
without	IN
you	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
okay	JJ
to	TO
leave	VB
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
okay	JJ
.	.
Thank	VB
you	PRP
for	IN
what	WP
you	PRP
have	VBP
given	VBN
me	PRP
.	.
Thank	VB
you	PRP
for	IN
leaving	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
oldest	JJS
girl	NN
of	IN
four	CD
girls	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
catholic	JJ
family	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
dad	NN
was	VBD
an	DT
abusive	JJ
alcoholic	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
feel	VB
I	PRP
had	VBD
any	DT
control	NN
over	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
felt	VBD
insecure	JJ
and	CC
anxious	JJ
often	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
sure	JJ
when	WRB
the	DT
self	NN
-	:
loathing	NN
began	VBD
...	:
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
restrictor	NN
and	CC
occasionally	RB
binged	VBD
.	.
My	PRP$
very	RB
tall	JJ
frame	NN
accentuated	VBD
my	PRP$
skeletal	JJ
condition	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
first	JJ
marriage	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
an	DT
abusive	JJ
man	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
put	VBD
him	PRP
through	IN
college	NN
even	RB
though	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
accepted	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
very	RB
prestigious	JJ
college	NN
myself	PRP
.	.
One	CD
Day	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
woke	VBD
up	RB
and	CC
went	VBD
into	IN
therapy	NN
for	IN
two	CD
years	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
middle	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
second	JJ
marriage	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
since	IN
stopped	VBN
restricting	VBG
and	CC
started	VBD
learning	VBG
to	TO
feel	VB
,	,
heal	VB
and	CC
cry	VB
...	:
I	PRP
hurt	VBP
for	IN
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
and	CC
reaching	VBG
out	RP
to	TO
others	NNS
did	VBD
not	RB
come	VB
easy	JJ
for	IN
such	JJ
a	DT
shy	JJ
quiet	JJ
introvert	NN
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
my	PRP$
life	NN
was	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
line	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
change	VB
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
i	FW
am	VBP
tough	JJ
i	FW
have	VBP
leaned	VBN
to	TO
take	VB
it	PRP
all	DT
one	CD
day	NN
at	IN
a	DT
time	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
living	VBG
a	DT
recovery	NN
lifestyle	NN
for	IN
several	JJ
years	NNS
and	CC
help	VB
other	JJ
battered	JJ
women	NNS
and	CC
children	NNS
who	WP
feel	VBP
with	IN
out	IN
a	DT
voice	NN
...	:
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
heard	VBN
and	CC
help	VB
others	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
trapped	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
thinking	NN
patterns	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
eating	VBG
disease	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
come	VBN
a	DT
long	JJ
way	NN
baby	NN
...	:
and	CC
you	PRP
can	MD
too	RB
...	:
I	PRP
am	VBP
grateful	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
who	WP
have	VBP
listened	VBN
and	CC
cared	VBN
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
find	VBP
it	PRP
difficult	JJ
to	TO
stop	VB
all	PDT
the	DT
caretaking	NN
of	IN
others	NNS
,	,
and	CC
being	VBG
super	JJ
responsible	JJ
,	,
and	CC
perfectionistic	JJ
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
getting	VBG
better	JJR
at	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
achieved	VBN
a	DT
normal	JJ
weight	NN
on	IN
the	DT
outside	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
healing	NN
on	IN
the	DT
inside	NN
.	.
To	TO
look	VB
at	IN
me	PRP
now	RB
You	PRP
would	MD
never	RB
know	VB
I	PRP
was	VBD
that	IN
skinny	NN
,	,
abused	VBD
little	JJ
mouse	NN
,	,
that	WDT
had	VBD
no	DT
cry	NN
,	,
no	DT
voice	NN
...	:
I	PRP
am	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
side	NN
and	CC
am	VBP
working	VBG
and	CC
playing	VBG
to	TO
stay	VB
there	RB
.	.
Please	VB
believe	VB
you	PRP
can	MD
too	RB
...	:
Choose	VB
Life	NNP
...	:
Choose	VB
to	TO
own	VB
your	PRP$
right	NN
to	TO
take	VB
up	RP
space	NN
and	CC
own	VB
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
alone	RB
...	:
The	DT
path	NN
that	WDT
led	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
total	JJ
downfall	NN
from	IN
the	DT
e.d.	NN
began	VBD
with	IN
achievements	NNS
,	,
success	NN
,	,
strength	NN
of	IN
mind	NN
and	CC
body	NN
,	,
and	CC
control	NN
.	.
When	WRB
i	FW
went	VBD
to	TO
college	NN
the	DT
eating	NN
did	VBD
n't	RB
help	VB
me	PRP
achieve	VB
anymore	RB
,	,
nor	CC
help	VB
me	PRP
cope	VB
.	.
I	PRP
eventually	RB
found	VBD
food	NN
as	IN
a	DT
frightening	JJ
thing	NN
that	WDT
took	VBD
over	RP
my	PRP$
mind	NN
.	.
I	PRP
skipped	VBD
class	NN
,	,
ate	VBD
in	IN
bathrooms	NNS
to	TO
throw	VB
up	RP
in	IN
secret	NN
.	.
i	FW
neglected	VBN
my	PRP$
money	NN
situation	NN
and	CC
grades	NNS
.	.
i	FW
became	VBD
so	RB
numb	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
smiled	VBD
no	RB
longer	RB
cause	VB
all	DT
i	FW
saw	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
was	VBD
food	NN
.	.
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
scary	JJ
.	.
i	FW
cried	VBD
to	TO
God	NNP
to	TO
show	VB
me	PRP
he	PRP
was	VBD
there	RB
yet	RB
i	FW
could	MD
n't	RB
find	VB
him	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
get	VB
out	IN
of	IN
bed	NN
,	,
yet	RB
i	FW
knew	VBD
inside	IN
somewhere	RB
i	FW
had	VBD
so	RB
much	JJ
inside	IN
of	IN
me	PRP
...	:
so	RB
much	JJ
strength	NN
.	.
but	CC
the	DT
food	NN
would	MD
n't	RB
let	VB
me	PRP
think	VB
or	CC
work	VB
on	IN
anything	NN
else	RB
.	.
so	RB
i	FW
cried	VBD
.	.
i	FW
stopped	VBD
crying	VBG
.	.
i	FW
stopped	VBD
living	VBG
.	.
i	FW
did	VBD
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
be	VB
seen	VBN
.	.
My	PRP$
body	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
one	NN
who	WP
made	VBD
me	PRP
breathe	VB
despite	IN
these	DT
frightening	JJ
emotions	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
always	RB
saw	VBD
greyness	NN
in	IN
the	DT
beauty	NN
i	FW
used	VBN
to	TO
love	VB
in	IN
the	DT
orange	JJ
sky	NN
,	,
no	DT
matter	NN
how	WRB
hard	JJ
i	FW
tried	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
touched	VBN
by	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
beauty	NN
.	.
it	PRP
was	VBD
wierd	JJ
.	.
the	DT
grayness	NN
would	MD
only	RB
come	VB
through	RB
.	.
and	CC
i	FW
'll	MD
never	RB
forget	VB
how	WRB
i	FW
sat	VBD
outside	IN
in	IN
the	DT
sun	NN
and	CC
i	FW
was	VBD
unable	JJ
to	TO
feel	VB
the	DT
sun	NN
rays	NNS
touch	VBP
me	PRP
inside	IN
like	IN
it	PRP
used	VBD
to	TO
.	.
I	PRP
became	VBD
bitter	JJ
towards	IN
people	NNS
that	WDT
suspected	VBD
i	FW
had	VBD
an	DT
e.d.	NN
.	.
it	PRP
was	VBD
difficult	JJ
putting	VBG
up	RP
with	IN
calorie	NN
counting	NN
,	,
fat	JJ
content	NN
remarks	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
roommate	NN
who	WP
tried	VBD
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
e.d.	NNP
a	DT
joke	NN
.	.
the	DT
anger	NN
still	RB
gets	VBZ
me	PRP
inside	IN
.	.
but	CC
i	FW
got	VBD
her	PRP
back	RB
,	,
i	FW
wo	MD
n't	RB
mention	VB
how	WRB
.	.
it	PRP
was	VBD
suggested	VBN
i	FW
leave	VBP
school	NN
by	IN
the	DT
counselor	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
psychiatrist	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
i	FW
seeked	FW
help	NN
from	IN
on	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
he	PRP
gave	VBD
me	PRP
confidence	NN
in	IN
telling	VBG
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
.	.
in	IN
the	DT
end	NN
they	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
give	VB
me	PRP
the	DT
caring	NN
i	FW
wanted	VBD
or	CC
understanding	VBG
but	CC
blame	NN
and	CC
treated	VBD
the	DT
e.d.	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
mental	JJ
problem	NN
their	PRP$
daughter	NN
has	VBZ
.	.
but	CC
i	FW
made	VBD
it	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
long	JJ
story	NN
.	.
i	FW
just	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
tell	VB
you	PRP
that	IN
i	FW
know	VBP
where	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
coming	VBG
from	IN
.	.
i	FW
know	VBP
the	DT
desperation	NN
you	PRP
feel	VBP
and	CC
i	FW
've	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
hole	NN
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
get	VB
out	IN
of	IN
.	.
Seek	VB
help	NN
for	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
the	DT
real	JJ
caring	NN
,	,
feeling	VBG
you	PRP
is	VBZ
inside	RB
.	.
you	PRP
need	VBP
help	NN
to	TO
find	VB
it	PRP
.	.
you	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
begin	VB
shoveling	VBG
out	IN
the	DT
negativity	NN
covering	VBG
you	PRP
.	.
do	VBP
n't	RB
give	VB
up	RP
.	.
seek	VB
help	NN
,	,
seek	VB
help	NN
,	,
seek	VB
help	NN
.	.
try	VB
all	DT
your	PRP$
options	NNS
.	.
who	WP
cares	VBZ
what	WP
``	``
they	PRP
''	''
will	MD
think	VB
,	,
or	CC
how	WRB
your	PRP$
family	NN
will	MD
react	VB
.	.
it	PRP
comes	VBZ
down	RP
to	TO
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
really	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
live	VB
for	IN
them	PRP
are	VBP
you	PRP
?	.
no.	JJ
break	NN
free	JJ
.	.
be	VB
strong	JJ
.	.
depend	VB
on	IN
help	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
psychologist	NN
and	CC
nutritionist	NN
once	RB
told	VBD
me	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
when	WRB
i	FW
was	VBD
recovering	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
...	:
``	``
we	PRP
are	VBP
your	PRP$
Tripple	NNP
A	NNP
,	,
we	PRP
can	MD
tell	VB
you	PRP
the	DT
best	JJS
way	NN
to	TO
get	VB
to	TO
your	PRP$
destination	NN
on	IN
the	DT
map	NN
,	,
but	CC
you	PRP
've	VBP
got	VBN
to	TO
follow	VB
the	DT
map	NN
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
suffered	VBN
from	IN
anorexia	NN
for	IN
a	DT
while	NN
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
experienced	VBN
most	RBS
everything	NN
that	IN
other	JJ
anorexics\/EDs	NNS
suffer	VBP
from	IN
...	:
from	IN
the	DT
``	``
voices	NNS
''	''
to	TO
the	DT
cravings	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
deprevations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
binges	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
purges	VBZ
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
did	VBD
some	DT
of	IN
that	DT
too	RB
,	,
through	IN
a	DT
rough	JJ
time	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
recovering	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
the	DT
guilt	NN
to	TO
the	DT
depression	NN
to	TO
the	DT
hopelessness	NN
...	:
one	CD
who	WP
's	VBZ
been	VBN
there	RB
knows	VBZ
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
over	IN
it	PRP
--	:
I	PRP
'm	VBP
finally	RB
PAST	NNP
that	IN
!	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
think	VB
that	IN
one	PRP
can	MD
recover	VB
until	IN
one	CD
is	VBZ
truly	RB
ready	JJ
;	:
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
``	``
recovering	VBG
''	''
for	IN
many	JJ
months	NNS
now	RB
...	:
which	WDT
started	VBD
when	WRB
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
confronted	VBD
me	PRP
one	CD
morning	NN
and	CC
made	VBD
me	PRP
step	VB
on	IN
the	DT
scales	NNS
.	.
After	IN
I	PRP
'd	MD
opened	VBN
up	RP
and	CC
talked	VBD
out	RP
everything	NN
with	IN
them	PRP
,	,
our	PRP$
goal	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
back	RB
on	IN
track	NN
.	.
But	CC
at	IN
that	DT
time	NN
it	PRP
was	VBD
``	``
our	PRP$
''	''
goal	NN
--	:
mainly	RB
theirs	JJ
,	,
in	IN
other	JJ
words	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
realize	VBP
now	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
ready	JJ
;	:
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
.	.
It	PRP
sounds	VBZ
horrible	JJ
but	CC
there	EX
was	VBD
almost	RB
this	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
pride	NN
or	CC
accomplishment	NN
that	IN
,	,
``	``
hey	NN
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
anorexic	JJ
...	:
I	PRP
'm	VBP
finally	RB
thin	JJ
for	IN
once	RB
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
!	.
!	.
!	.
''	''
I	PRP
practically	RB
enjoyed	VBD
the	DT
thoughts	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
an	DT
anorexic	JJ
,	,
after	IN
being	VBG
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
``	``
pudgier	NN
''	''
girls	NNS
among	IN
friends	NNS
and	CC
peers	NNS
for	IN
as	RB
long	JJ
as	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
remember	VB
.	.
As	IN
time	NN
passed	VBN
and	CC
new	JJ
steps	NNS
were	VBD
taken	VBN
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
many	JJ
set-backs	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
,	,
I	PRP
slowly	RB
started	VBD
wanting	VBG
to	TO
look	VB
better	JJR
,	,
since	IN
all	DT
I	PRP
'd	MD
hear	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
from	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
peers	NNS
,	,
family	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
was	VBD
,	,
``	``
You	PRP
've	VBP
lost	VBN
so	RB
much	JJ
weight	NN
...	:
do	VBP
n't	RB
loose	VB
any	DT
more	JJR
,	,
''	''
or	CC
``	``
You	PRP
're	VBP
too	RB
thin	JJ
,	,
''	''
or	CC
``	``
Have	VBP
you	PRP
been	VBN
sick	JJ
?	.
''	''
With	IN
the	DT
support	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
,	,
boyfriend	NN
,	,
and	CC
friends	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
mind-set	NN
started	VBD
changing	VBG
.	.
My	PRP$
views	NNS
on	IN
eating	NN
,	,
food	NN
,	,
and	CC
life	NN
in	IN
general	JJ
started	VBD
blossoming	VBG
into	IN
more	JJR
positive	JJ
thoughts	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
given	VBN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
good	JJ
advice	NN
,	,
read	VBD
sufferer	NN
's	POS
and	CC
recoverer	NN
's	POS
stories	NNS
,	,
talked	VBD
to	TO
others	NNS
like	IN
me	PRP
...	:
and	CC
was	VBD
growing	VBG
healthier	RBR
and	CC
healthier	RBR
,	,
this	DT
time	NN
from	IN
the	DT
inside	NN
out	RP
.	.
Of	IN
course	NN
,	,
there	EX
were	VBD
``	``
down	RB
times	NNS
''	''
where	WRB
I	PRP
'd	MD
take	VB
steps	NNS
back	RB
in	IN
the	DT
wrong	JJ
direction	NN
.	.
But	CC
each	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
became	VBD
a	DT
little	RB
more	RBR
determined	VBN
to	TO
keep	VB
going	VBG
,	,
to	TO
pull	VB
myself	PRP
ahead	RB
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
seeing	VBG
how	WRB
much	JJ
life	NN
has	VBZ
to	TO
offer	VB
,	,
how	WRB
much	RB
there	EX
is	VBZ
to	TO
do	VB
and	CC
live	VB
for	IN
--	:
and	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
do	VB
it	PRP
all	DT
.	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
seeing	VBG
how	WRB
eating	JJ
,	,
food	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
's	POS
opinions	NNS
did	VBD
n't	RB
matter	VB
as	RB
much	JJ
as	IN
I	PRP
thought	VBD
.	.
People	NNS
could	MD
tell	VB
me	PRP
that	IN
eating	VBG
this	DT
or	CC
that	DT
was	VBD
n't	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
make	VB
me	PRP
gain	VB
weight	NN
,	,
or	CC
having	VBG
an	DT
ice	NN
cream	NN
every	DT
once	RB
in	IN
awhile	RB
was	VBD
n't	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
add	VB
fat	JJ
to	TO
my	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
guess	VBP
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
truly	RB
work	VB
up	RB
to	TO
it	PRP
and	CC
try	VB
it	PRP
out	RP
before	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
actually	RB
believe	VB
it	PRP
.	.
Then	RB
,	,
after	IN
finally	RB
gaining	VBG
courage	NN
to	TO
eat	VB
an	DT
ice	NN
cream	NN
or	CC
have	VB
a	DT
bite	NN
of	IN
someone	NN
's	POS
lasagne	NN
or	CC
whatever	WDT
,	,
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
see	VB
that	DT
what	WP
people	NNS
were	VBD
telling	VBG
me	PRP
might	MD
be	VB
true	JJ
after	IN
all	DT
.	.
At	IN
one	CD
time	NN
I	PRP
thought	VBD
,	,
``	``
Yeah	UH
,	,
okay	JJ
...	:
so	IN
that	DT
's	VBZ
true	JJ
for	IN
MOST	JJS
people	NNS
but	CC
not	RB
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
different	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
'll	MD
gain	VB
weight	NN
from	IN
that	DT
.	.
''	''
Now	RB
I	PRP
can	MD
see	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
silly	JJ
to	TO
think	VB
that	DT
way	NN
!	.
Things	NNS
will	MD
balance	VB
out	RP
,	,
you	PRP
've	VBP
just	RB
got	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
faith	NN
--	:
just	RB
know	VB
and	CC
trust	VB
that	DT
its	PRP$
going	VBG
to	TO
work	VB
out	RP
.	.
And	CC
it	PRP
will	MD
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
learned	VBN
that\/I	NNP
am	VBP
learning	VBG
that	IN
.	.
It	PRP
WILL	MD
work	VB
out	RP
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
proudly	RB
emerging	VBG
from	IN
this	DT
as	IN
a	DT
healthier	RBR
,	,
wiser	JJR
,	,
happier	JJR
,	,
more	RBR
confident	JJ
young	JJ
lady	NN
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
better	JJR
about	IN
myself	PRP
now	RB
than	IN
I	PRP
ever	RB
have	VBP
--	:
from	IN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
slightly	RB
overweight	JJ
to	TO
being	VBG
underweight	JJ
.	.
Sufferers	NNS
CAN	VBP
make	VB
it	PRP
;	:
there	EX
really	RB
IS	VBZ
a	DT
happier	JJR
life	NN
out	IN
there	RB
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
have	VB
again	RB
.	.
The	DT
journey	NN
is	VBZ
tough	JJ
,	,
long	RB
,	,
and	CC
sometimes	RB
seems	VBZ
impossible	JJ
--	:
you	PRP
feel	VBP
like	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
being	VBG
sucked	VBN
through	IN
a	DT
whirlpool	NN
.	.
But	CC
if	IN
you	PRP
keep	VBP
going	VBG
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
start	VB
to	TO
come	VB
up	RP
for	IN
air	NN
...	:
and	CC
one	CD
day	NN
you	PRP
'll	MD
be	VB
floating	VBG
on	IN
your	PRP$
back	NN
again	RB
.	.
Thank	VB
you	PRP
for	IN
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
write	VB
about	IN
this	DT
;	:
I	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
kind	NN
of	IN
long-winded	JJ
!	.
:	:
-RRB-	-RRB-
For	IN
other	JJ
sufferers	NNS
who	WP
may	MD
read	VB
this	DT
,	,
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
let	VB
them	PRP
know	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
probably	RB
doesnt	NN
'	''
seem	VBP
like	IN
it	PRP
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
CAN	NNP
get	VB
better	JJR
.	.
After	IN
stumbling	VBG
across	IN
this	DT
web-site	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
decided	VBD
I	PRP
finally	RB
needed	VBD
to	TO
sit	VB
down	RB
and	CC
share	VB
my	PRP$
``	``
story	NN
''	''
with	IN
others	NNS
.	.
Since	IN
age	NN
nineteen	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
bulimia	NN
,	,
alcoholism	NN
and	CC
depression	NN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
first	RB
started	VBD
with	IN
bulimia	NN
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
idea	NN
how	WRB
completely	RB
it	PRP
would	MD
take	VB
control	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Alcohol	NN
came	VBD
more	RBR
into	IN
play	NN
as	IN
time	NN
when	WRB
on	IN
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
At	IN
first	JJ
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
complete	JJ
control	NN
,	,
after	IN
some	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
even	RB
able	JJ
to	TO
throw	VB
up	RP
whenever	WRB
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
just	RB
by	IN
using	VBG
my	PRP$
stomach	NN
muscles	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
,	,
``	``
What	WP
a	DT
great	JJ
thing	NN
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
do	VB
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
eat	VB
anything	NN
and	CC
never	RB
gain	VB
weight	NN
.	.
''	''
Over	IN
time	NN
,	,
the	DT
eating\/purging	VBG
and	CC
alcohol	NN
took	VBD
complete	JJ
control	NN
of	IN
every	DT
aspect	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
stop	VB
the	DT
eating\/purging	VBG
cycle	NN
,	,
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
stop	VB
the	DT
drinking	NN
.	.
In	IN
my	PRP$
mid-thirties	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
put	VBP
myself	PRP
in	IN
a	DT
treatment	NN
center	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
for	IN
seven	CD
weeks	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
hardest	RBS
things	NNS
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
do	VB
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'd	MD
rather	RB
admit	VB
I	PRP
was	VBD
alcoholic	JJ
than	IN
bulimic	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
disgusting	JJ
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
got	VBD
out	RP
,	,
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
cured	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
determined	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
control	NN
.	.
Unfortunately	RB
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
think	VB
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
drinking	NN
problem	NN
and	CC
eventually	RB
began	VBD
drinking	NN
and	CC
eating\/purging	VBG
again	RB
.	.
During	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
saw	VBD
a	DT
psychiatrist	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
seven	CD
years	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
obviously	RB
did	VBD
n't	RB
get	VB
my	PRP$
out	IN
of	IN
this	DT
so-called	JJ
therapy	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
n't	RB
being	VBG
honest	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
became	VBD
dependent	JJ
on	IN
him	PRP
and	CC
the	DT
Elavil	NNP
he	PRP
prescribed	VBD
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
Another	DT
indication	NN
that	IN
the	DT
therapy	NN
was	VBD
n't	RB
working	VBG
is	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
tried	VBD
to	TO
commit	VB
suicide	NN
.	.
Unfortunately	RB
,	,
waking	VBG
up	RP
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
and	CC
the	DT
realization	NN
of	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
had	VBD
done	VBN
only	RB
stopped	VBD
my	PRP$
behavior	NN
temporarily	RB
.	.
Like	IN
an	DT
alcoholic	JJ
can	MD
never	RB
say	VB
I	PRP
'll	MD
only	RB
have	VB
one	CD
drink	NN
,	,
I	PRP
found	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
just	RB
bindge\/purge	VB
just	RB
once	RB
.	.
One	CD
time	NN
was	VBD
all	DT
it	PRP
took	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
right	RB
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
level	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
at	IN
.	.
The	DT
eating\/purging	VBG
and	CC
drinking	VBG
cycle	NN
continued	VBD
.	.
During	IN
these	DT
years	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
drinking	NN
became	VBD
more	JJR
of	IN
a	DT
problem	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
using	VBG
drinking	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
to	TO
buffer	VB
myself	PRP
from	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
feelings	NNS
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
.	.
Not	RB
thinking	VBG
and	CC
feeling	VBG
made	VBN
it	PRP
easier	JJR
to	TO
get	VB
thru	VB
the	DT
day	NN
,	,
or	CC
so	RB
I	PRP
thought	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
ended	VBD
up	RP
in	IN
an	DT
outpatient	NN
alcohol	NN
program	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
drinking	VBG
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
including	VBG
at	IN
work	NN
.	.
I	PRP
stayed	VBD
sober	JJ
for	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
and	CC
then	RB
got	VBD
transferred	VBN
because	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
job	NN
to	TO
another	DT
state	NN
.	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
eating\/purging	VBG
and	CC
drinking	VBG
again	RB
,	,
and	CC
tried	VBD
to	TO
kill	VB
myself	PRP
again	RB
.	.
Bulimia	NN
and	CC
alcoholism	NN
have	VBP
in	IN
effect	NN
eaten	VBN
and	CC
eroded	VBN
away	RB
my	PRP$
life	NN
for	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
thirty	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
successfully	RB
undermined	VBN
more	JJR
that	IN
half	NN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
About	IN
two	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
After	IN
another	DT
eating	VBG
purging	VBG
and	CC
marathon	NN
drinking	NN
session	NN
,	,
I	PRP
finally	RB
decided	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
no	RB
longer	RB
keep	VB
living	VBG
the	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
totally	RB
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
marriage	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
disaster	NN
.	.
I	PRP
knew	VBD
that	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
do	VB
something	NN
now	RB
,	,
I	PRP
'd	MD
rather	RB
be	VB
dead	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
go	VB
on	IN
living	VBG
like	IN
that	DT
.	.
I	PRP
put	VBP
myself	PRP
in	IN
an	DT
alcohol	NN
rehab	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
knew	VBD
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
do	VB
this	DT
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
needed	VBD
help	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
knew	VBD
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
go	VB
back	RB
into	IN
my	PRP$
marriage	NN
.	.
I	PRP
needed	VBD
to	TO
completely	RB
get	VB
away	RB
from	IN
everything	NN
and	CC
place	NN
I	PRP
connected	VBD
to	TO
bulimia	VB
and	CC
alcohol	NN
.	.
Fortunately	RB
,	,
there	EX
were	VBD
some	DT
very	RB
inspirational	JJ
councilors	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
rehab	NN
.	.
They	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
deal	VB
with	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
but	CC
gave	VBD
me	PRP
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
to	TO
contact	VB
when	WRB
I	PRP
got	VBD
out	RP
.	.
I	PRP
of	IN
course	NN
was	VBD
n't	RB
drinking	VBG
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
admit	VBP
I	PRP
threw-up	JJ
three	CD
or	CC
four	CD
times	NNS
.	.
Then	RB
I	PRP
realized	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
quit	VB
drinking	NN
and	CC
bingeing	NN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
.	.
For	IN
me	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
separate	VB
the	DT
two	CD
.	.
They	PRP
go	VBP
hand	NN
in	IN
hand	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
How	WRB
did	VBD
I	PRP
get	VBP
in	IN
control	NN
?	.
Even	RB
now	RB
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
for	IN
sure	JJ
.	.
All	DT
I	PRP
do	VBP
know	VB
is	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
woke	VBD
up	RP
after	IN
a	DT
three	CD
day	NN
drinking\/eating	VBG
binge	NN
knowing	VBG
I	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
stand	VB
to	TO
live	VB
that	DT
way	NN
any	DT
longer	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
put	VBP
myself	PRP
in	IN
rehab	NN
knowing	VBG
that	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
continued	VBD
my	PRP$
behavior	NN
,	,
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
face	VB
another	DT
day	NN
-	:
I	PRP
would	MD
put	VB
an	DT
end	NN
to	TO
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
a	DT
religious	JJ
person	NN
nor	CC
am	VBP
I	PRP
convinced	JJ
AA	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
Answer	NNP
for	IN
everyone	NN
.	.
All	DT
I	PRP
know	VBP
is	VBZ
that	IN
my	PRP$
``	``
Higher	JJR
Power	NN
''	''
or	CC
my	PRP$
spirit	NN
kicked	VBD
in	IN
and	CC
saved	VBD
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
everything	NN
happens	VBZ
for	IN
a	DT
reason	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
might	MD
not	RB
know	VB
what	WP
that	WDT
reason	NN
Is	VBZ
.	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
say	VB
why	WRB
when	WRB
I	PRP
sought	VBD
help	NN
before	IN
,	,
that	IN
my	PRP$
abstinence	NN
was	VBD
only	RB
temporary	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
think	VB
I	PRP
was	VBD
ready	JJ
or	CC
willing	JJ
.	.
Just	RB
a	DT
few	JJ
last	JJ
words	NNS
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
alcoholism	NN
or	CC
any	DT
addictions	NNS
are	VBP
no	DT
way	NN
to	TO
live	VB
.	.
Basically	RB
,	,
you	PRP
put	VBP
your	PRP$
life	NN
on	IN
the	DT
back	JJ
burner	NN
and	CC
let	VB
your	PRP$
addiction	NN
take	VB
control	NN
.	.
You	PRP
stop	VBP
developing	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
person	NN
,	,
you	PRP
stop	VBP
thinking	VBG
and	CC
feeling	VBG
,	,
you	PRP
stop	VBP
living	VBG
.	.
Living	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
addiction	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
living	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
finally	RB
found	VBD
a	DT
therapist	NN
I	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
honest	JJ
with	IN
and	CC
who	WP
makes	VBZ
me	PRP
think	VB
and	CC
feel	VB
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
found	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
live	VB
now	RB
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
completely	RB
honest	JJ
no	DT
matter	NN
how	WRB
it	PRP
makes	VBZ
me	PRP
feel	VB
.	.
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
feel	VB
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
not	RB
getting	VBG
what	WP
you	PRP
want	VBP
from	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
,	,
get	VB
another	DT
one	CD
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
make	VB
a	DT
big	JJ
difference	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
.	.
Take	VB
antidepressants	NNS
if	IN
they	PRP
help	VBP
you	PRP
,	,
forget	VB
about	IN
what	WP
others	NNS
might	MD
think	VB
about	IN
it	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
you	PRP
that	DT
's	VBZ
important	JJ
!	.
You	PRP
're	VBP
fighting	VBG
for	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
-	:
you	PRP
matter	VBP
-	:
you	PRP
're	VBP
special	JJ
.	.
Taking	VBG
care	NN
of	IN
yourself	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
thing	NN
you	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
for	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
23	CD
year	NN
old	JJ
woman	NN
in	IN
full	JJ
recovery	NN
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
restrict	VB
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
about	RB
14	CD
.	.
I	PRP
began	VBD
running	VBG
in	IN
in	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
.	.
I	PRP
slowly	RB
restricted	VBD
my	PRP$
eating	NN
and	CC
increased	VBD
my	PRP$
exercise	NN
through	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
into	IN
college	NN
.	.
By	IN
my	PRP$
last	JJ
year	NN
of	IN
college	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
excercising	VBG
3	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
hours	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
still	RB
restricting	VBG
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
bulimic	JJ
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
suicidal	JJ
.	.
At	IN
21	CD
I	PRP
sought	VBD
counseling	NN
with	IN
the	DT
help	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
mom	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
working	VBG
towards	IN
a	DT
Masters	NNP
'	''
in	IN
Social	NNP
Work	NNP
so	IN
that	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
others	NNS
with	IN
depression	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
mental	JJ
illness	NN
.	.
Though	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
now	RB
a	DT
fuzzy	JJ
memory	NN
,	,
I	PRP
know	VBP
the	DT
agony	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
what	WP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
like	IN
to	TO
think	VB
constantly	RB
about	IN
food	NN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
the	DT
joy	NN
and	CC
the	DT
agony	NN
of	IN
stepping	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
scale	NN
--	:
many	JJ
times	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
the	DT
guilt	NN
of	IN
eating	NN
,	,
the	DT
pressure	NN
to	TO
exercise	VB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
the	DT
triumph	NN
of	IN
not	RB
eating	VBG
and	CC
of	IN
exercising	VBG
more	JJR
than	IN
anyone	NN
else	RB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
how	WRB
alone	RB
it	PRP
can	MD
feel	VB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
the	DT
horror	NN
of	IN
eating	NN
and	CC
not	RB
being	VBG
able	JJ
to	TO
stop	VB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
the	DT
hundred	CD
little	JJ
distortions	NNS
that	WDT
helped	VBD
me	PRP
hide	VB
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
from	IN
myself	PRP
and	CC
others	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
what	WP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
like	IN
to	TO
face	VB
the	DT
question	NN
``	``
How	WRB
are	VBP
you	PRP
doing	VBG
?	.
''	''
with	IN
a	DT
smile	NN
and	CC
an	DT
okay	JJ
day	NN
after	IN
day	NN
when	WRB
everything	NN
is	VBZ
anything	NN
but	CC
okay	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
what	WP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
believe	VB
that	IN
death	NN
must	MD
be	VB
better	JJR
than	IN
another	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
misery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
know	VBP
how	WRB
hard	JJ
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
let	VB
go	VB
of	IN
the	DT
one	CD
thing	NN
that	WDT
keeps	VBZ
you	PRP
going	VBG
,	,
that	IN
organizes	VBZ
the	DT
day	NN
,	,
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
purpose	NN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
how	WRB
hard	JJ
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
binge	NN
and	CC
finally	RB
not	RB
purge	VB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
the	DT
terror	NN
of	IN
gaining	VBG
weight	NN
and	CC
feeling	NN
clothes	NNS
grow	VBP
tighter	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
how	WRB
scary	JJ
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
finally	RB
feel	VB
what	WP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
numb	JJ
for	IN
so	RB
long	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
the	DT
guilt	NN
,	,
the	DT
fear	NN
,	,
the	DT
sadness	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
frustration	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
And	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
all	DT
worth	IN
it	PRP
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
such	JJ
a	DT
better	JJR
life	NN
beyond	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
Hope	NNP
can	MD
spring	VB
from	IN
a	DT
landscape	NN
of	IN
bleakness	NN
.	.
Joy	NNP
can	MD
take	VB
the	DT
place	NN
of	IN
misery	NN
.	.
Sadness	NN
can	MD
become	VB
an	DT
emotion	NN
,	,
not	RB
a	DT
life-sentence	NN
.	.
Recovery	NN
from	IN
anorexia	NN
or	CC
bulimia	NN
is	VBZ
like	IN
a	DT
mandate	NN
to	TO
do	VB
what	WP
everyone	NN
else	RB
is	VBZ
working	VBG
not	RB
to	TO
do	VB
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
proud	JJ
every	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
eat	VBP
a	DT
box	NN
of	IN
french	JJ
fries	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
diligently	RB
to	TO
incorporate	VB
fat	JJ
into	IN
my	PRP$
diet	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
careful	JJ
not	RB
to	TO
eat	VB
too	RB
many	JJ
fruits	NNS
and	CC
vegetables	NNS
.	.
Nutrasweet	NNP
tops	VBZ
my	PRP$
list	NN
of	IN
foods	NNS
not	RB
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
Fat	NNP
tops	VBZ
my	PRP$
list	NN
of	IN
foods	NNS
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
Eating	NNP
has	VBZ
become	VBN
such	JJ
a	DT
minor	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
No	DT
more	RBR
agony	JJ
,	,
no	DT
more	JJR
fear	NN
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
love	VBP
my	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
beautiful	JJ
thing	NN
--	:
the	DT
product	NN
of	IN
millions	NNS
of	IN
years	NNS
of	IN
evolution	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
repository	NN
of	IN
the	DT
genes	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
energy	NN
to	TO
do	VB
amazing	JJ
things	NNS
with	IN
this	DT
body	NN
of	IN
mine	NN
.	.
But	CC
even	RB
more	RBR
importantly	RB
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
happy	JJ
,	,
content	JJ
,	,
energetic	JJ
,	,
hopeful	JJ
,	,
and	CC
can	MD
think	VB
about	IN
someone	NN
besides	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
actually	RB
FUN	NNP
to	TO
be	VB
around	RB
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
the	DT
thing	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
most	RBS
afraid	JJ
of	IN
when	WRB
I	PRP
went	VBD
into	IN
therapy	NN
was	VBD
that	IN
they	PRP
would	MD
fix	VB
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
would	MD
still	RB
be	VB
miserable	JJ
.	.
But	CC
you	PRP
can	MD
fix	VB
it	PRP
all	DT
!	.
!	.
You	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
happy	JJ
.	.
Most	JJS
people	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
depressed	VBN
.	.
Most	JJS
people	NNS
never	RB
think	VBP
about	IN
killing	VBG
themselves	PRP
.	.
Most	JJS
people	NNS
are	VBP
happy	JJ
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
.	.
People	NNS
with	IN
depression	NN
can	MD
be	VB
like	IN
most	JJS
people	NNS
if	IN
they	PRP
seek	VBP
treatment	NN
.	.
Overcoming	VBG
my	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
hardest	JJS
thing	NN
I	PRP
've	VBP
ever	RB
had	VBN
to	TO
do	VB
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
well	RB
worth	JJ
the	DT
effort	NN
.	.
I	PRP
moved	VBD
beyond	IN
getting	VBG
better	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
strong	JJ
and	CC
proud	JJ
of	IN
my	PRP$
accomplishment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
learned	VBD
so	RB
much	JJ
about	IN
myself	PRP
and	CC
my	PRP$
family	NN
.	.
I	PRP
sought	VBD
and	CC
received	VBD
help	NN
from	IN
friends	NNS
who	WP
were	VBD
also	RB
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
helped	VBD
my	PRP$
Dad	NNP
who	WP
was	VBD
also	RB
suffering	VBG
from	IN
depression	NN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
through	IN
therapy	NN
I	PRP
felt	VBD
as	IN
though	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
wasted	VBN
part	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Now	RB
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
suffered	VBD
made	VBN
me	PRP
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
They	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
strong	JJ
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
gave	VBD
me	PRP
a	DT
purpose	NN
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
go	VB
back	RB
and	CC
change	VB
a	DT
single	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
spend	VB
another	DT
second	JJ
starving	VBG
myself	PRP
,	,
either	RB
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
a	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
reading	VBG
the	DT
recovery	NN
stories	NNS
in	IN
The	DT
Other	JJ
Side	NN
and	CC
,	,
besides	IN
feeling	NN
really	RB
inspired	VBD
,	,
wondering	VBG
when	WRB
the	DT
time	NN
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
come	VB
when	WRB
I	PRP
could	MD
sit	VB
and	CC
write	VB
my	PRP$
story	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
To	TO
be	VB
honest	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
imagine	VB
the	DT
time	NN
ever	RB
coming	VBG
;	:
recovery	NN
was	VBD
something	NN
other	JJ
people	NNS
could	MD
do	VB
,	,
not	RB
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
therapy	NN
forever	RB
and	CC
endlessly	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
convince	VB
everyone	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
never	RB
seeing	VBG
myself	PRP
letting	VBG
go	NN
of	IN
the	DT
``	``
control	NN
''	''
I	PRP
had	VBD
over	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
others	NNS
lives	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
feelings	NNS
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
controlling	VBG
what	WP
I	PRP
put	VBD
into	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
and	CC
keeping	VBG
my	PRP$
weight	NN
down	IN
made	VBN
everything	NN
so	RB
much	RB
more	RBR
manageable	JJ
and	CC
bearable	JJ
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
let	VBP
go	VB
and	CC
relaxed	VBN
about	IN
everything	NN
I	PRP
obsessed	VBD
about	RB
and	CC
stopped	VBD
trying	VBG
to	TO
fix	VB
everything	NN
in	IN
the	DT
universe	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
life	NN
was	VBD
worth	JJ
nothing	NN
.	.
Molehills	NNS
were	VBD
mountains	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
caused	VBD
people	NNS
to	TO
have	VB
upset	VBN
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
;	:
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
deserve	VB
to	TO
enjoy	VB
a	DT
meal	NN
or	CC
anything	NN
for	IN
that	DT
matter	NN
because	IN
someone	NN
else	RB
was	VBD
worse	JJR
off	IN
than	IN
I.	NN
I	PRP
must	MD
not	RB
be	VB
happy	JJ
as	IN
others	NNS
are	VBP
n't	RB
.	.
These	DT
statements	NNS
were	VBD
what	WP
my	PRP$
daily	JJ
thoughts	NNS
were	VBD
made	VBN
up	IN
of	IN
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
I	PRP
lived	VBD
by	IN
.	.
Gospel	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
anorexic	JJ
for	IN
now	RB
6	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
it	PRP
was	VBD
triggered	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
relationship	NN
gone	VBN
wrong	JJ
,	,
the	DT
idea	NN
that	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
lost	VBD
some	DT
weight	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
was	VBD
quite	RB
``	``
chubby	JJ
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
that	IN
he	PRP
would	MD
care	VB
for	IN
me	PRP
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
lost	VBD
some	DT
weight	NN
fast	RB
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
``	``
you	PRP
look	VBP
great	JJ
''	''
comments	NNS
started	VBD
.	.
So	RB
,	,
I	PRP
felt	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
right	JJ
track	NN
.	.
To	TO
make	VB
an	DT
already	RB
long	JJ
story	NN
short	RB
,	,
it	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
win	VB
back	RB
my	PRP$
beau	NN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
started	VBD
me	PRP
on	IN
the	DT
biggest	JJS
mistake	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
;	:
a	DT
totally	RB
misunderstood	VBN
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
,	,
it	PRP
having	VBG
the	DT
upper	JJ
hand	NN
,	,
resulting	VBG
into	IN
my	PRP$
warped	JJ
thinking	NN
that	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
keep	VBP
losing	VBG
weight	NN
and	CC
making	VBG
the	DT
numbers	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
scales	NNS
my	PRP$
new	JJ
God	NNP
,	,
then	RB
all	DT
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
will	MD
be	VB
fine	JJ
,	,
nothing	NN
will	MD
ever	RB
go	VB
wrong	JJ
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
met	VBD
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
man	NN
shortly	RB
after	IN
my	PRP$
previous	JJ
breakup	NN
and	CC
he	PRP
gave	VBD
me	PRP
the	DT
love	NN
and	CC
confidence	NN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
to	TO
stop	VB
torturing	VBG
myself	PRP
so	RB
much	RB
,	,
though	IN
I	PRP
still	RB
had	VBD
lots	NNS
of	IN
``	``
control	NN
''	''
.	.
He	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
aware	JJ
of	IN
my	PRP$
E.D.	NNP
,	,
as	IN
he	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
always	RB
that	IN
thin	JJ
,	,
as	IN
did	VBD
his	PRP$
family	NN
and	CC
friends	NNS
.	.
So	RB
,	,
no	DT
one	NN
questioned	VBD
me	PRP
,	,
except	IN
for	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
and	CC
close	JJ
friends	NNS
,	,
They	PRP
had	VBD
always	RB
questioned	VBN
me	PRP
and	CC
my	PRP$
large	JJ
weight	NN
loss	NN
,	,
but	CC
did	VBD
n't	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
approach	VB
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
married	VBD
this	DT
great	JJ
guy	NN
2	CD
and	CC
a	DT
half	NN
years	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
finally	RB
told	VBD
him	PRP
of	IN
my	PRP$
E.D.	NNP
after	IN
I	PRP
surrendered	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
go	VB
anywhere	RB
unless	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
something	NN
about	IN
it	PRP
.	.
What	WP
someone	NN
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
someone	NN
who	WP
knows	VBZ
someone	NN
with	IN
one	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
needs	VBZ
to	TO
realize	VB
is	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
go	VB
away	RB
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
so	RB
many	JJ
issues	NNS
involved	VBN
in	IN
what	WP
makes	VBZ
this	DT
demon	NN
tick	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
shocked	VBN
as	IN
I	PRP
began	VBD
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
beating	VBG
myself	PRP
up	RP
about	IN
so	RB
much	JJ
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
virtually	RB
had	VBD
no	DT
control	NN
over	IN
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
realize	VB
how	WRB
much	JJ
I	PRP
hated	VBD
myself	PRP
and	CC
how	WRB
I	PRP
could	MD
learn	VB
to	TO
let	VB
go	VB
of	IN
so	RB
much	JJ
baggage	NN
.	.
One	CD
big	JJ
obstacle	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
couple	NN
,	,
who	WP
were	VBD
supposed	VBN
best	JJS
friends	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
husband	NN
and	CC
I.	NN
They	PRP
learned	VBD
of	IN
my	PRP$
ed	VBN
,	,
as	IN
I	PRP
approached	VBD
them	PRP
,	,
thinking	VBG
they	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
support	NN
persons	NNS
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
wrong	JJ
.	.
Their	PRP$
reaction	NN
was	VBD
cold	JJ
indifference	NN
,	,
almost	RB
to	TO
the	DT
point	NN
of	IN
questioning	VBG
that	IN
I	PRP
even	RB
had	VBD
this	DT
problem	NN
.	.
I	PRP
allowed	VBD
these	DT
people	NNS
to	TO
regress	VB
my	PRP$
progress	NN
in	IN
therapy	NN
for	IN
months	NNS
,	,
not	RB
being	VBG
able	JJ
to	TO
understand	VB
why	WRB
I	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
make	VB
them	PRP
understand	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
indeed	RB
sick	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
heard	VBD
from	IN
them	PRP
nearly	RB
as	RB
much	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
subject	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
problem	NN
was	VBD
avoided	VBN
at	IN
all	DT
costs	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
alone	RB
and	CC
to	TO
blame	VB
for	IN
being	VBG
a	DT
freak	NN
,	,
that	WDT
was	VBD
n't	RB
worth	JJ
helping	VBG
.	.
If	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
for	IN
2	CD
friends	NNS
in	IN
particular	JJ
and	CC
my	PRP$
husband	NN
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
have	VB
been	VBN
able	JJ
to	TO
overcome	VB
that	DT
large	JJ
mountain	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
at	IN
the	DT
stage	NN
now	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
never	RB
dreamed	VBD
I	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
at	IN
.	.
Overcoming	VBG
the	DT
demons	NNS
in	IN
our	PRP$
minds	NNS
which	WDT
fuel	VBP
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
hard	RB
,	,
very	RB
hard	RB
.	.
But	CC
believe	VB
me	PRP
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
far	RB
from	IN
impossible	JJ
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
proper	JJ
professional	JJ
therapy	NN
and	CC
a	DT
great	JJ
support	NN
system	NN
outside	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
amazing	JJ
what	WP
you	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
.	.
So	RB
,	,
anyone	NN
in	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
please	VB
know	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
so	RB
possible	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
free	JJ
!	.
!	.
But	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
alot	JJ
of	IN
work	NN
and	CC
there	EX
are	VBP
so	RB
many	JJ
things	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
go	VB
through	IN
your	PRP$
head	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
believe	VB
of	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
But	CC
they	PRP
are	VBP
true	JJ
;	:
you	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
great	JJ
person	NN
and	CC
nothing	NN
or	CC
no	DT
one	NN
can	MD
make	VB
you	PRP
feel	VB
like	IN
less	JJR
than	IN
anyone	NN
else	RB
unless	IN
you	PRP
give	VBP
them	PRP
permission	NN
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
.	.
Give	VB
yourself	PRP
permission	NN
to	TO
ditch	NN
your	PRP$
rules	NNS
and	CC
make	VB
new	JJ
ones	NNS
where	WRB
YOU	PRP
are	VBP
the	DT
deserving	JJ
one	CD
,	,
because	RB
,	,
at	IN
last	JJ
,	,
we	PRP
do	VBP
deserve	VB
to	TO
be	VB
happy	JJ
.	.
The	DT
earliest	JJS
memory	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
of	IN
an	DT
unhealthy	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
was	VBD
one	CD
of	IN
sitting	VBG
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
a	DT
black	JJ
and	CC
white	JJ
TV	NN
set	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
gold	NN
cart	NN
with	IN
a	DT
can	NN
of	IN
Buitoni	NNP
Spiral	NNP
Pasta	NNP
in	IN
cheese	NN
sauce	NN
eating	VBG
its	PRP$
uncooked	JJ
contents	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
fork	NN
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
enjoyed	VBD
it	PRP
too	RB
much	RB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
three	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
.	.
From	IN
that	DT
point	NN
on	IN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
to	TO
struggle	VB
on	IN
and	CC
off	IN
for	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
31	CD
years	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
,	,
body	NN
size	NN
,	,
and	CC
self-esteem	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
painfully	RB
self-conscious	JJ
child	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
very	RB
sheltered	JJ
by	IN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
few	JJ
friends	NNS
and	CC
was	VBD
not	RB
allowed	VBN
to	TO
leave	VB
the	DT
house	NN
often	RB
to	TO
play	VB
with	IN
other	JJ
children	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
quickly	RB
turned	VBD
to	TO
reading	VBG
,	,
thinking	VBG
,	,
and	CC
eating	VBG
for	IN
amusement	NN
.	.
By	IN
the	DT
time	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
got	VBD
to	TO
grammar	NN
school	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
already	RB
fairly	RB
plump	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
mother	NN
,	,
while	IN
on	IN
a	DT
visit	NN
to	TO
the	DT
uniform	JJ
store	NN
to	TO
purchase	VB
Catholic	NNP
school	NN
uniforms	NNS
,	,
chose	VBD
to	TO
describe	VB
me	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
saleslady	NN
using	VBG
the	DT
more	RBR
flattering	JJ
term	NN
``	``
husky	JJ
''	''
.	.
That	DT
was	VBD
fine	JJ
with	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
``	``
husky	JJ
''	''
,	,
while	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
children	NNS
at	IN
school	NN
were	VBD
less	JJR
creative	JJ
and	CC
called	VBD
me	PRP
``	``
fat	JJ
''	''
.	.
Whatever	WDT
I	PRP
was	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
knew	VBD
they	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
like	IN
it	PRP
.	.
Neither	DT
did	VBD
I.	NN
Very	RB
often	RB
,	,
I	PRP
struggle	VBP
to	TO
remain	VB
honest	JJ
and	CC
original	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
telling	VBG
of	IN
my	PRP$
story	NN
.	.
Although	IN
every	DT
story	NN
is	VBZ
surely	RB
a	DT
selective	JJ
representation	NN
of	IN
fact	NN
or	CC
fiction	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
struggled	VBN
not	RB
to	TO
make	VB
my	PRP$
past	JJ
conform	VB
to	TO
any	DT
notions	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
in	IN
the	DT
present	NN
.	.
As	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
went	VBD
on	IN
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
very	RB
well	RB
academically	RB
,	,
but	CC
was	VBD
an	DT
utter	JJ
failure	NN
socially	RB
,	,
due	JJ
in	IN
no	DT
small	JJ
part	NN
to	TO
my	PRP$
size	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
sheltered	JJ
life	NN
.	.
The	DT
teasing	NN
and	CC
taunting	VBG
that	IN
I	PRP
experienced	VBD
drove	VBD
me	PRP
deeper	JJR
into	IN
isolation	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
world	NN
.	.
A	DT
big	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
living	VBG
in	IN
this	DT
world	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
reinvent	VB
myself	PRP
so	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
became	VBD
acceptable	JJ
in	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
eyes	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
emphasized	VBD
and	CC
exaggerated	VBD
the	DT
more	RBR
interesting	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
history	NN
,	,
began	VBD
to	TO
learn	VB
other	JJ
languages	NNS
,	,
and	CC
gradually	RB
became	VBD
a	DT
compulsive	JJ
liar	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
utterly	RB
ashamed	JJ
of	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
especially	RB
my	PRP$
father	NN
's	POS
side	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
tried	VBD
to	TO
distance	VB
myself	PRP
from	IN
them	PRP
in	IN
every	DT
possible	JJ
and	CC
impossible	JJ
way	NN
.	.
At	IN
this	DT
point	NN
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
reached	VBN
high-school	NN
and	CC
had	VBD
very	RB
few	JJ
friends	NNS
,	,
partly	RB
because	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
size	NN
and	CC
lack	NN
of	IN
social	JJ
skills	NNS
,	,
but	CC
partly	RB
because	IN
the	DT
lies	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
telling	VBG
were	VBD
so	RB
absurdly	RB
untrue	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
quickly	RB
became	VBD
the	DT
object	NN
of	IN
open	JJ
ridicule	NN
.	.
From	IN
Eighth	NNP
Grade	NNP
until	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
psychotherapy	NN
on	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
still	RB
assessing	VBG
its	PRP$
merits	NNS
and	CC
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
it	PRP
served	VBD
to	TO
create	VB
an	DT
identity	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
even	RB
more	RBR
spoiled	VBN
than	IN
the	DT
one	CD
I	PRP
had	VBD
when	WRB
I	PRP
began	VBD
.	.
In	IN
middle	JJ
and	CC
high	JJ
school	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
classmates	NNS
tortured	JJ
me	PRP
frequently	RB
.	.
They	PRP
seemed	VBD
to	TO
take	VB
great	JJ
pleasure	NN
in	IN
humiliating	JJ
the	DT
``	``
fat	JJ
kid	NN
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
take	VB
all	DT
of	IN
this	DT
lying	VBG
down	RP
.	.
I	PRP
found	VBD
the	DT
strength	NN
to	TO
fight	VB
back	RB
verbally	RB
and	CC
physically	RB
when	WRB
they	PRP
became	VBD
physically	RB
abusive	JJ
.	.
The	DT
novelty	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
resistance	NN
made	VBD
be	VB
a	DT
bit	NN
enigmatic	JJ
to	TO
them	PRP
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
no	RB
longer	RB
the	DT
lumbering	VBG
victim	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
wanted	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
had	VBD
a	DT
growth	NN
spurt	NN
and	CC
became	VBD
more	RBR
active	JJ
physically	RB
in	IN
an	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
and	CC
prove	VB
to	TO
them	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
live	VB
in	IN
their	PRP$
world	NN
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
they	PRP
liked	VBD
it	PRP
.	.
These	DT
efforts	NNS
paid	VBD
off	RB
and	CC
I	PRP
lost	VBD
a	DT
tremendous	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
in	IN
about	IN
a	DT
year	NN
's	POS
time	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
developed	VBD
a	DT
very	RB
close	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
someone	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
to	TO
remain	VB
my	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
for	IN
years	NNS
.	.
This	DT
was	VBD
also	RB
something	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
at	IN
this	DT
time	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
my	PRP$
first	JJ
sexual	JJ
experiences	NNS
and	CC
found	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
world	NN
of	IN
women	NNS
's	POS
bodies	NNS
and	CC
minds	NNS
was	VBD
at	IN
least	JJS
as	IN
interesting	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
Battle	NNP
of	IN
Hastings	NNP
.	.
Discovering	VBG
that	DT
my	PRP$
body	NN
could	MD
be	VB
a	DT
locus	NN
for	IN
experiencing	VBG
pleasure	NN
and	CC
a	DT
source	NN
of	IN
pleasure	NN
for	IN
someone	NN
else	RB
was	VBD
a	DT
totally	RB
foreign	JJ
concept	NN
to	TO
me	PRP
,	,
but	CC
one	CD
that	WDT
has	VBZ
seduced	VBN
me	PRP
and	CC
intrigued	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
this	DT
day	NN
.	.
Now	RB
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
34	CD
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
still	RB
astounded	JJ
when	WRB
women	NNS
tell	VBP
me	PRP
that	IN
they	PRP
find	VBP
me	PRP
attractive	JJ
.	.
So	RB
much	JJ
and	CC
so	RB
little	JJ
has	VBZ
changed	VBN
.	.
After	IN
graduating	VBG
high	JJ
school	NN
in	IN
three	CD
years	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
left	VBD
there	RB
as	IN
a	DT
thin	JJ
17-year-old	JJ
with	IN
his	PRP$
first	JJ
car	NN
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
help	NN
of	IN
several	JJ
friends	NNS
who	WP
were	VBD
as	IN
tormented	JJ
as	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
proceeded	VBD
to	TO
squander	VB
four	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
partial	JJ
scholarship	NN
to	TO
a	DT
local	JJ
university	NN
.	.
I	PRP
remained	VBD
thin	JJ
during	IN
this	DT
time	NN
and	CC
found	VBD
myself	PRP
in	IN
a	DT
string	NN
of	IN
relationships	NNS
with	IN
women	NNS
that	WDT
were	VBD
utterly	RB
unhealthy	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
During	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
being	VBG
driven	VBN
to	TO
distraction	NN
by	IN
some	DT
nameless	JJ
inner	JJ
torment	VBP
.	.
This	DT
was	VBD
beside	RB
what	WP
I	PRP
could	MD
identify	VB
as	IN
emotional	JJ
baggage	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
days	NNS
as	IN
an	DT
overweight	JJ
child	NN
.	.
I	PRP
held	VBD
a	DT
meaningless	JJ
pizza-delivery	NN
job	NN
and	CC
learned	VBD
Italian	JJ
from	IN
my	PRP$
boss	NN
.	.
This	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
only	JJ
saving	NN
grace	NN
of	IN
this	DT
job	NN
,	,
apart	RB
from	IN
the	DT
cash	NN
income	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
provided	VBD
.	.
The	DT
free	JJ
,	,
greasy	JJ
,	,
Italian	JJ
food	NN
was	VBD
always	RB
a	DT
struggle	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
The	DT
tide	NN
was	VBD
high	JJ
,	,
but	CC
somehow	RB
,	,
I	PRP
held	VBD
on	IN
.	.
From	IN
1985	CD
to	TO
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
1986	CD
,	,
things	NNS
changed	VBD
.	.
Both	DT
my	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
serious	JJ
accidents	NNS
that	WDT
cost	VBP
us	PRP
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
right	JJ
legs	NNS
for	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
.	.
Sedentary	JJ
and	CC
nutritionally	RB
ignorant	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
sat	VBD
about	IN
and	CC
began	VBD
to	TO
pack	VB
on	IN
the	DT
pounds	NNS
again	RB
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
got	VBD
out	RP
and	CC
about	RB
,	,
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
discovered	VBD
cocaine	NN
and	CC
alcohol	NN
.	.
On	IN
Thanksgiving	NNP
of	IN
1986	CD
,	,
my	PRP$
mother	NN
had	VBD
a	DT
heart	NN
attack	NN
.	.
Around	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
high-school	NN
friends	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
became	VBD
more	RBR
deeply	RB
involved	VBN
in	IN
using	VBG
cocaine	NN
and	CC
drinking	NN
on	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
Before	IN
1986	CD
,	,
driven	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
fear	NN
of	IN
becoming	VBG
one	CD
more	JJR
alcoholic	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
family	NN
whose	WP$
pedigree	NN
as	IN
world-class	JJ
drunks	NNS
rivals	NNS
any	DT
,	,
I	PRP
avoided	VBD
any	DT
involvement	NN
with	IN
drugs	NNS
other	JJ
than	IN
Hostess	NNP
cream-filled	JJ
cupcakes	NNS
.	.
In	IN
1988	CD
,	,
the	DT
bottom	NN
dropped	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
world	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
depressed	JJ
and	CC
remained	VBD
heavily	RB
involved	VBN
in	IN
cocaine	NN
and	CC
alcohol	NN
abuse	NN
for	IN
several	JJ
months	NNS
while	IN
drifting	VBG
through	IN
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
temp	JJ
jobs	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
never	RB
manage	VB
to	TO
keep	VB
.	.
On	IN
New	NNP
Year	NNP
's	POS
night	NN
of	IN
1988	CD
,	,
my	PRP$
mother	NN
died	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
too	RB
sick	JJ
and	CC
tired	JJ
to	TO
visit	VB
her	PRP$
from	IN
my	PRP$
nights	NNS
of	IN
excess	NN
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
believe	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
happened	VBD
until	IN
my	PRP$
father	NN
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
she	PRP
had	VBD
died	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
began	VBD
eating	VBG
as	IN
if	IN
there	EX
were	VBD
no	DT
tomorrow	NN
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
really	RB
think	VB
that	IN
there	EX
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
one	CD
.	.
Soon	RB
after	IN
that	DT
,	,
while	IN
in	IN
a	DT
drug	NN
and	CC
food	NN
induced	VBD
haze	NN
,	,
I	PRP
met	VBD
my	PRP$
next	JJ
girlfriend	NN
,	,
whom	WP
I	PRP
was	VBD
to	TO
live	VB
with	IN
for	IN
6	CD
and	CC
a	DT
half	NN
years	NNS
.	.
During	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
father	NN
lost	VBD
our	PRP$
house	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
sister	NN
became	VBD
involved	VBN
in	IN
drugs	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
find	VB
a	DT
new	JJ
place	NN
to	TO
live	VB
with	IN
my	PRP$
girlfriend	NN
.	.
During	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
every	DT
substance	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
put	VBP
into	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
became	VBD
a	DT
source	NN
of	IN
stimulation	NN
and	CC
comfort	NN
.	.
Gradually	RB
,	,
I	PRP
stopped	VBD
doing	VBG
drugs	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
while	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
able	JJ
to	TO
get	VB
and	CC
keep	VB
two	CD
steady	JJ
jobs	NNS
,	,
the	DT
last	JJ
of	IN
which	WDT
I	PRP
remained	VBD
at	IN
until	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
1996	CD
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
at	IN
this	DT
time	NN
that	WDT
what	WP
was	VBD
an	DT
incremental	JJ
weight	NN
increase	NN
became	VBD
exponential	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
drinking	VBG
a	DT
lot	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
eating	VBG
lots	NNS
of	IN
sugar-filled	JJ
garbage	NN
.	.
Childhood	NN
feelings	NNS
of	IN
self-hatred	JJ
,	,
fear	NN
,	,
isolation	NN
,	,
and	CC
awkwardness	NN
returned	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
reaching	VBG
``	``
critical	JJ
mass	NN
''	''
for	IN
a	DT
second	JJ
time	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
took	VBD
me	PRP
four	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
living	NN
to	TO
get	VB
into	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Just	RB
before	IN
I	PRP
began	VBD
an	DT
outpatient	NN
program	NN
for	IN
drug	NN
and	CC
alcohol	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
dubbed	VBN
me	PRP
the	DT
``	``
Crack	VB
,	,
Everclear	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
grain	NN
alcohol	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
Entemmans	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
local	JJ
NY\/NJ	NNP
bakery	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Guy	NNP
''	''
.	.
Right	RB
after	IN
the	DT
separation	NN
,	,
I	PRP
got	VBD
involved	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
very	RB
painful	JJ
and	CC
unhealthy	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
a	DT
tormented	JJ
young	JJ
woman	NN
that	WDT
lasted	VBD
two	CD
years	NNS
.	.
The	DT
difference	NN
here	RB
was	VBD
that	IN
despite	IN
the	DT
torture	VBP
I	PRP
experienced	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
lose	VB
sight	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
goals	NNS
and	CC
continued	VBD
to	TO
develop	VB
professionally	RB
and	CC
along	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
deeply	RB
spiritual	JJ
path	NN
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
During	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
managed	VBN
to	TO
stay	VB
clean	JJ
,	,
sober	JJ
,	,
and	CC
maintain	VB
a	DT
preferred	VBN
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
For	IN
a	DT
very	RB
long	JJ
time	NN
and	CC
all	DT
throughout	IN
my	PRP$
years	NNS
of	IN
madness	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
held	VBN
very	RB
strong	JJ
Buddhist	JJ
beliefs	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
helped	VBD
me	PRP
through	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
six	CD
years	NNS
,	,
through	IN
the	DT
insanity	NN
of	IN
last	JJ
relationship	NN
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
to	TO
the	DT
joy	NN
and	CC
love	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
present	JJ
one	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
only	RB
now	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
relatively	RB
free	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
torments	VBZ
of	IN
ADD	NNP
and	CC
unhealthy	JJ
living	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
begin	VB
to	TO
nurture	VB
others	NNS
and	CC
myself	PRP
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
deepest	JJS
beliefs	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
realize	VBP
now	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
really	RB
be	VB
a	DT
force	NN
for	IN
good	JJ
and	CC
love	NN
in	IN
this	DT
world	NN
.	.
I	PRP
now	RB
treasure	NN
my	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
accept	VB
its	PRP$
beauty	NN
,	,
and	CC
see	VB
it	PRP
and	CC
all	DT
other	JJ
bodies	NNS
as	IN
expressions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
beauty	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Universe	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
now	RB
fight	VBP
the	DT
oppression	NN
of	IN
all	DT
living	VBG
beings	NNS
whenever	WRB
and	CC
wherever	WRB
I	PRP
can	MD
.	.
My	PRP$
heart	NN
will	MD
always	RB
hold	VB
a	DT
special	JJ
place	NN
for	IN
all	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
who	WP
have	VBP
suffered	VBN
to	TO
one	CD
extent	NN
or	CC
another	DT
because	IN
of	IN
how	WRB
we	PRP
look	VBP
or	CC
because	IN
of	IN
how	WRB
we	PRP
think	VBP
we	PRP
look	VB
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
suffering	NN
,	,
I	PRP
find	VBP
this	DT
sort	NN
of	IN
oppression	NN
most	RBS
repugnant	JJ
.	.
Each	DT
day	NN
I	PRP
live	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
more	JJR
of	IN
a	DT
testament	NN
of	IN
resistance	NN
to	TO
the	DT
notion	NN
that	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
or	CC
that	IN
of	IN
anyone	NN
MUST	NNP
conform	VB
to	TO
unrealistic	JJ
normalizing	VBG
expectations	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
refuse	VBP
to	TO
take	VB
part	NN
in	IN
practices	NNS
that	WDT
promote	VBP
misery-manufacturing	JJ
delusions	NNS
propagated	VBN
by	IN
mass-culture	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
40	CD
yrs	NNS
old	JJ
and	CC
no	RB
longer	RBR
actively	RB
binging	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
3	CD
boys	NNS
10	CD
and	CC
under	IN
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
homeschooling	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
always	RB
been	VBN
a	DT
passionately	RB
;	:
angry	JJ
,	,
happy	JJ
,	,
sad	JJ
person	NN
.	.
I	PRP
learned	VBD
to	TO
purge	VB
in	IN
college	NN
as	IN
did	VBD
many	JJ
women	NNS
.	.
Throughout	IN
my	PRP$
wild	JJ
ski	NN
bum	NN
years	NNS
and	CC
``	``
fun	NN
''	''
bar	NN
maid	NN
life	NN
in	IN
California	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
purged	VBD
.	.
Until	IN
I	PRP
got	VBD
pregnant	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
good	JJ
reason	NN
to	TO
stop	VB
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
stop	VB
somewhat	RB
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
again	RB
have	VB
spent	VBN
weeks	NNS
purging	VBG
3	CD
times	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
purged	VBN
maybe	RB
10	CD
times	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
5	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
guess	VBP
I	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
should	MD
get	VB
as	RB
much	JJ
help	NN
as	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
get	VB
help	VB
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
40	CD
now	RB
and	CC
wondering	VBG
if	IN
I	PRP
've	VBP
damaged	VBN
my	PRP$
heart	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
having	VBG
chest	NN
pains	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
now	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
need	VB
to	TO
get	VB
help	VB
for	IN
the	DT
feelings	NNS
that	WDT
led	VBD
to	TO
that	DT
behavior	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
responsble	NN
for	IN
these	DT
kids	NNS
'	POS
lives	NNS
and	CC
they	PRP
deserve	VBP
the	DT
best	JJS
they	PRP
can	MD
get	VB
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
get	VB
help	VB
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
think	VBP
you	PRP
can	MD
run	VB
away	RB
from	IN
it	PRP
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
wrong	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
guess	VBP
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
convince	VB
you	PRP
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
myself	PRP
that	IN
we	PRP
are	VBP
worth	JJ
the	DT
work	NN
.	.
That	DT
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
so	RB
much	RB
more	RBR
.	.
Our	PRP$
feelings	NNS
are	VBP
valid	JJ
.	.
Our	PRP$
opinions	NNS
count	NN
.	.
Bulimia	NN
is	VBZ
n't	RB
embarassing	JJ
and	CC
silly	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
raw	JJ
pain	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
struggle	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
desperation	NN
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
hurt	VBN
deeply	RB
by	IN
life	NN
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
look	VB
at	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
put	VB
it	PRP
behind	IN
us	PRP
.	.
Accept	VB
the	DT
damage	NN
done	VBN
,	,
our	PRP$
imperfect	JJ
lives	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
possibility	NN
that	IN
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
will	MD
never	RB
be	VB
perfect	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
friends	NNS
see	VBP
me	PRP
as	IN
strong	JJ
,	,
centered	VBN
,	,
powerful	JJ
,	,
a	DT
bit	NN
too	RB
vocally	RB
opinionated	VBN
but	CC
I	PRP
know	VBP
I	PRP
have	VBP
their	PRP$
respect	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
whole	JJ
person	NN
,	,
an	DT
interesting	JJ
,	,
alive	JJ
person	NN
.	.
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
love	VB
me	PRP
every	DT
day	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
strong	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
strong	JJ
too	RB
,	,
that	DT
's	VBZ
why	WRB
you	PRP
're	VBP
still	RB
here	RB
.	.
That	DT
's	VBZ
why	WRB
you	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
fighting	VBG
so	RB
hard	RB
against	IN
the	DT
way	NN
things	NNS
are	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
living	VBG
proof	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
survived	VBN
and	CC
every	DT
one	CD
of	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
too	RB
.	.
Not	RB
only	RB
is	VBZ
recovery	NN
a	DT
possibility	NN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
something	NN
that	IN
YOU	PRP
DESERVE	VBP
.	.
None	NN
of	IN
us	PRP
deserves	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
blamed	VBN
for	IN
this	DT
illness	NN
.	.
You	PRP
need	VBP
not	RB
take	VB
responsibility	NN
for	IN
this	DT
disorder	NN
but	CC
you	PRP
do	VBP
need	VB
to	TO
take	VB
responsibility	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
living	NN
beyond	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
what	WP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
like	IN
to	TO
be	VB
hopeless	JJ
and	CC
confused	JJ
and	CC
to	TO
wait	VB
for	IN
what	WP
seems	VBZ
like	IN
an	DT
eternity	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
to	TO
finally	RB
give	VB
up	RP
.	.
It	PRP
fights	VBZ
when	WRB
you	PRP
no	RB
longer	RBR
want	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
.	.
That	DT
alone	JJ
should	MD
send	VB
you	PRP
a	DT
message	NN
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
reading	VBG
this	DT
and	CC
you	PRP
are	VBP
still	RB
alive	JJ
and	CC
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
reason	NN
for	IN
that	DT
.	.
Not	RB
everything	NN
happens	VBZ
by	IN
chance	NN
and	CC
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
still	RB
alive	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
fighting	VBG
valiantly	RB
no	DT
doubt	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
proof	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
deserve	VBP
to	TO
walk	VB
on	IN
this	DT
earth	NN
.	.
There	EX
were	VBD
dark	JJ
days	NNS
when	WRB
I	PRP
thought	VBD
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
easier	JJR
just	RB
to	TO
live	VB
on	IN
cucumbers	NNS
and	CC
water	NN
and	CC
let	VB
the	DT
rest	NN
of	IN
the	DT
world	NN
slip	VBP
away	RB
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
only	JJ
things	NNS
that	WDT
mattered	VBD
were	VBD
the	DT
numbers	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
scale	NN
and	CC
the	DT
diminishing	VBG
portions	NNS
on	IN
my	PRP$
plate	NN
.	.
No	DT
one	NN
warns	VBZ
you	PRP
how	WRB
hard	JJ
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
,	,
no	DT
one	NN
tells	VBZ
you	PRP
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
constant	JJ
battle	NN
between	IN
the	DT
voice	NN
whispering	VBG
``	``
Eating	NNP
is	VBZ
good	JJ
!	.
''	''
and	CC
the	DT
voice	NN
screaming	VBG
``	``
You	PRP
're	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
fat	JJ
!	.
You	PRP
're	VBP
evil	JJ
and	CC
weak	JJ
!	.
''	''
I	PRP
had	VBD
forgotten	VBN
how	WRB
good	JJ
Thanksgiving	NNP
dinner	NN
can	MD
taste	VB
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
forgotten	VBN
how	WRB
much	JJ
fun	NN
it	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
to	TO
share	VB
a	DT
slice	NN
of	IN
cake	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
girlfriends	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
believe	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
ever	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
buy	VB
cookies	NNS
just	RB
because	IN
I	PRP
like	VBP
the	DT
taste	NN
,	,
and	CC
look	VB
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
and	CC
say	VB
``	``
Wow	UH
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
cute	JJ
!	.
''	''
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
spend	VB
days	NNS
dreading	VBG
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
'	POS
potluck	NN
dinners	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
make	VB
excuses	NNS
for	IN
running	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
washroom	NN
after	IN
every	DT
meal	NN
.	.
I	PRP
actually	RB
feel	VBP
hunger	NN
again	RB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
savor	VBP
the	DT
feeling	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
comfortably	RB
full	JJ
and	CC
satisfied	JJ
after	IN
a	DT
meal	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
energy	NN
to	TO
go	VB
out	RP
dancing	NN
and	CC
hiking	NN
and	CC
to	TO
run	VB
with	IN
my	PRP$
dog	NN
in	IN
the	DT
park	NN
.	.
I	PRP
no	RB
longer	RBR
interpret	VB
every	DT
persons	NNS
'	POS
words	NNS
as	IN
comments	NNS
about	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
This	DT
coincided	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
serious	JJ
depressions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
some	DT
emotional	JJ
traumas	NNS
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
round	NN
of	IN
these	DT
came	VBD
at	IN
age	NN
19	CD
.	.
Then	RB
At	IN
21	CD
,	,
during	IN
a	DT
second	JJ
bout	NN
with	IN
depression	NN
and	CC
emotional	JJ
upheaval	NN
,	,
I	PRP
fell	VBD
into	IN
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
habits	NNS
.	.
After	IN
several	JJ
months	NNS
inside	IN
of	IN
this	DT
,	,
I	PRP
felt	VBD
genuinely	RB
crazy	JJ
and	CC
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
.	.
A	DT
year	NN
and	CC
a	DT
half	NN
later	RB
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
whittled	VBN
myself	PRP
into	IN
a	DT
scary	JJ
looking	VBG
woman	NN
-	:
convinced	JJ
life	NN
was	VBD
about	IN
discipline	NN
and	CC
facing	VBG
pain	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
though	IN
I	PRP
never	RB
would	MD
have	VB
asked	VBN
someone	NN
else	RB
to	TO
live	VB
as	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
Too	RB
physically	RB
and	CC
emotionally	RB
exhausted	VBN
to	TO
continue	VB
the	DT
life	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
created	VBN
for	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
-	:
I	PRP
lived	VBD
far	RB
from	IN
family	NN
and	CC
friends	NNS
,	,
doing	VBG
heavy	JJ
physical	JJ
work	NN
-	:
I	PRP
retreated	VBD
.	.
That	DT
began	VBD
a	DT
long	JJ
surrender	NN
.	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
six	CD
months	NNS
before	IN
I	PRP
gained	VBD
the	DT
first	JJ
pound	NN
,	,
and	CC
several	JJ
more	RBR
after	IN
that	DT
before	IN
life	NN
began	VBD
to	TO
feel	VB
stable	JJ
and	CC
normal	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
several	JJ
attempts	NNS
before	IN
I	PRP
found	VBD
the	DT
doctors	NNS
who	WP
understood	VBD
what	WP
was	VBD
happening	VBG
,	,
and	CC
before	IN
a	DT
diagnosis	NN
became	VBD
clear	JJ
.	.
Recovery	NN
Specialist	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
to	TO
one	CD
before	IN
unsuccessfully	RB
,	,
but	CC
this	DT
time	NN
the	DT
doctor	NN
had	VBD
experience	NN
with	IN
cases	NNS
like	IN
mine	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
was	VBD
not	RB
cut	VBN
and	CC
dry	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
went	VBD
to	TO
a	DT
family	NN
practitioner	NN
with	IN
the	DT
request	NN
that	IN
he	PRP
stay	VB
with	IN
me	PRP
on	IN
this	DT
one	CD
-	:
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
various	JJ
therapies	NNS
worked	VBD
.	.
Between	IN
these	DT
two	CD
doctors	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
accepted	VBD
a	DT
diagnosis	NN
of	IN
depression	NN
and	CC
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
The	DT
Recovery	NNP
Specialist	NNP
suggested	VBD
that	IN
perhaps	RB
the	DT
severity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
ups	NNS
and	CC
downs	NNS
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
experiencing	VBG
the	DT
past	JJ
few	JJ
years	NNS
had	VBD
been	VBN
in	IN
some	DT
part	NN
chemical	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
maybe	RB
with	IN
drugs	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
have	VB
to	TO
face	VB
such	JJ
severity	NN
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
she	PRP
offered	VBD
me	PRP
final	JJ
relief	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
exercise	NN
program	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
first	JJ
physician	NN
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
maybe	RB
it	PRP
was	VBD
alright	RB
if	IN
I	PRP
just	RB
did	VBD
n't	RB
do	VB
it	PRP
at	IN
all	DT
for	IN
awhile	RB
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
all	DT
now	RB
a	DT
distant	JJ
nightmare	NN
.	.
I	PRP
take	VBP
Prozac	NNP
to	TO
treat	VB
depression	NN
-	:
a	DT
mild	JJ
dosage	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
put	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
weight	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
missing	VBG
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
feel	VBP
amazingly	RB
free	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
broken	JJ
record	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
head	NN
about	IN
food	NN
and	CC
excercise	NN
,	,
and	CC
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
issues	NNS
that	WDT
had	VBD
got	VBN
tangled	VBN
up	RP
with	IN
this	DT
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
overjoyed	VBN
to	TO
report	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
feel	VBP
simply	RB
normal	JJ
-	:
happy	JJ
and	CC
healthy	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
live	VBP
what	WP
I	PRP
once	RB
assumed	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
impossible	JJ
and	CC
a	DT
farce	NN
-	:
I	PRP
eat	VBP
when	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
hungry	JJ
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
stop	VBP
when	WRB
I	PRP
feel	VBP
full	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
excercise	VBP
only	RB
to	TO
maintain	VB
my	PRP$
health	NN
-	:
a	DT
few	JJ
times	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
at	IN
something	NN
I	PRP
actually	RB
enjoy	VBP
doing	VBG
.	.
Its	PRP$
so	RB
hard	JJ
to	TO
believe	VB
that	IN
four	CD
years	NNS
ago	IN
all	DT
I	PRP
wrote	VBD
about	RB
was	VBD
food	NN
,	,
weight	NN
&	CC
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
come	VBN
so	RB
far	RB
since	IN
then	RB
.	.
I	PRP
rarely	RB
think	VBP
like	IN
that	DT
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
I	PRP
know	VBP
something	NN
is	VBZ
bothering	VBG
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
stop	VBP
to	TO
figure	VB
out	RP
what	WP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
&	CC
with	IN
help	NN
work	NN
with	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
write	VBP
to	TO
you	PRP
from	IN
the	DT
``	``
other	JJ
side	NN
''	''
...	:
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
``	``
other	JJ
side	NN
''	''
for	IN
8	CD
years	NNS
this	DT
July	NNP
and	CC
now	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
over	IN
here	RB
,	,
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
imagine	VB
why	WRB
I	PRP
spent	VBD
so	RB
much	JJ
time	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
Life	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
side	NN
is	VBZ
more	RBR
wonderful	JJ
and	CC
exciting	JJ
than	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
imagine	VB
and	CC
although	IN
it	PRP
might	MD
be	VB
scary	JJ
at	IN
first	RB
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
worth	JJ
every	DT
ounce	NN
of	IN
effort	NN
to	TO
get	VB
there	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
35	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
e.d.	NN
started	VBD
at	IN
17	CD
and	CC
I	PRP
strugged	VBD
with	IN
it	PRP
through	IN
my	PRP$
20	CD
's	POS
.	.
Over	IN
many	JJ
long	JJ
years	NNS
of	IN
therapy	NN
and	CC
two	CD
hospitalizations	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
first	JJ
one	CD
did	VBD
n't	RB
``	``
take	VB
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
I	PRP
finally	RB
got	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
point	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
felt	VBD
happy	JJ
with	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
soul	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
magic	JJ
answer	NN
.	.
What	WP
worked	VBD
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
might	MD
not	RB
work	VB
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
find	VB
the	DT
way	NN
that	WDT
's	VBZ
best	JJS
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
But	CC
one	CD
thing	NN
I	PRP
can	MD
say	VB
is	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
truly	RB
believe	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
only	RB
have	VB
recovery	NN
if	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
it	PRP
more	JJR
than	IN
anything	NN
else	RB
in	IN
the	DT
entire	JJ
world	NN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
``	``
sick	JJ
''	''
of	IN
being	VBG
``	``
sick	JJ
''	''
and	CC
be	VB
willing	JJ
to	TO
do	VB
whatever	WDT
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
.	.
For	IN
me	PRP
,	,
that	DT
was	VBD
6	CD
weeks	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
,	,
following	VBG
a	DT
rigid	JJ
food	NN
plan	NN
designed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
nutritionist	NN
,	,
outpatient	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
support	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
and	CC
reading	VBG
books	NNS
.	.
What	WP
did	VBD
n't	RB
work	NN
was	VBD
spending	VBG
time	NN
with	IN
negative	JJ
people	NNS
who	WP
seemed	VBD
to	TO
thrive	VB
on	IN
being	VBG
sick	JJ
.	.
Once	RB
I	PRP
started	VBD
surrounding	VBG
myself	PRP
with	IN
healthy	JJ
,	,
happy	JJ
people	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
feel	VB
healthier	RBR
and	CC
happier	JJR
myself	PRP
.	.
The	DT
positive	JJ
thinking	NN
stuff	NN
really	RB
works	VBZ
.	.
Of	IN
course	NN
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
believe	VB
what	WP
I	PRP
was	VBD
telling	VBG
myself	PRP
at	IN
first	RB
,	,
but	CC
eventually	RB
,	,
what	WP
I	PRP
told	VBD
myself	PRP
became	VBD
reality	NN
.	.
Like	IN
,	,
liking	VBG
my	PRP$
body	NN
for	IN
what	WP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
.	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
small	JJ
...	:
a	DT
nurse	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
hospital	NN
program	NN
suggested	VBD
I	PRP
find	VBP
one	CD
thing	NN
I	PRP
liked	VBD
about	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
trouble	NN
finding	VBG
something	NN
,	,
but	CC
eventually	RB
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
built	VBD
on	IN
that	DT
and	CC
along	IN
with	IN
lots	NNS
of	IN
therapy	NN
and	CC
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
eventually	RB
found	VBD
happiness	NN
and	CC
recovery	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
life	NN
before	IN
recovery	NN
consisted	VBN
of	IN
exercise	NN
,	,
thinking	VBG
about	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
eat	VB
or	CC
not	RB
eat	VB
,	,
avoiding	VBG
social	JJ
situations	NNS
,	,
having	VBG
very	RB
few	JJ
friends	NNS
,	,
disliking	VBG
my	PRP$
body	NN
and	CC
myself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
basically	RB
feeling	VBG
miserable	JJ
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
life	NN
after	IN
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
knew	VBD
what	WP
was	VBD
out	IN
there	RB
waiting	VBG
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
experience	VB
,	,
you	PRP
would	MD
drop	VB
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
in	IN
a	DT
minute	NN
and	CC
go	VB
for	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
wish	VBP
you	PRP
happiness	NN
,	,
health	NN
,	,
and	CC
especially	RB
recovery	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
been	VBN
nearly	RB
eight	CD
years	NNS
since	IN
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Anorexia	NNP
turned	VBD
into	IN
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
1990	CD
I	PRP
knew	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
to	TO
take	VB
a	DT
semester	NN
off	IN
of	IN
college	NN
and	CC
do	VB
something	NN
.	.
I	PRP
entered	VBD
a	DT
four	CD
week	NN
out	IN
patient	JJ
program	NN
called	VBN
Serenity	NNP
at	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
in	IN
Concord	NNP
,	,
CA	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
an	DT
excellent	JJ
program	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
loved	VBD
the	DT
two	CD
women	NNS
that	WDT
headed	VBD
up	RP
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
I	PRP
really	RB
hated	VBD
the	DT
psychiatrist	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
see	VB
once	RB
a	DT
week	NN
there	RB
,	,
though	IN
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
he	PRP
was	VBD
an	DT
idiot	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
received	VBN
the	DT
best	JJS
help	NN
from	IN
psychologists	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
therapists	NNS
rather	RB
than	IN
psychiatrists	NNS
.	.
After	IN
a	DT
while	IN
I	PRP
found	VBD
that	IN
just	RB
stopping	VBG
the	DT
bingeing	NN
was	VBD
n't	RB
enough	RB
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
had	VBD
hoped	VBN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
There	EX
were	VBD
personal	JJ
issue	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
n't	RB
really	RB
dealt	VBN
with	IN
.	.
The	DT
self-esteem	NN
stuff	NN
,	,
abuse	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
.	.
And	CC
so	IN
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
work	VB
more	RBR
on	IN
that	DT
with	IN
a	DT
really	RB
cool	JJ
therapist	NN
.	.
And	CC
that	DT
was	VBD
cool	JJ
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
could	MD
see	VB
the	DT
patterns	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
established	VBN
and	CC
that	WDT
were	VBD
n't	RB
so	RB
good	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
And	CC
then	RB
I	PRP
took	VBD
a	DT
break	NN
to	TO
let	VB
it	PRP
all	DT
sink	VBP
in	IN
.	.
Anger	NN
and	CC
sadness	NN
in	IN
particular	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
gotten	VBD
so	RB
good	JJ
at	IN
shutting	VBG
down	RP
that	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
hard	JJ
to	TO
let	VB
out	RP
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
started	VBN
working	VBG
with	IN
a	DT
Reikien	NNP
therapist	NN
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
been	VBN
really	RB
cool	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
working	VBG
with	IN
her	PRP$
for	IN
about	IN
three	CD
months	NNS
now	RB
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
making	VBG
the	DT
progress	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
want	VBP
.	.
My	PRP$
goal	NN
is	VBZ
get	VB
angry	JJ
without	IN
being	VBG
afraid	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
hurt	VB
someone	NN
,	,
to	TO
cry	VB
without	IN
thinking	VBG
that	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
ugly	JJ
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
just	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
feel	VB
this	DT
stuff	NN
without	IN
shutting	VBG
down	RP
.	.
Just	RB
keep	VB
working	VBG
.	.
It	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
happen	VB
at	IN
once	RB
,	,
and	CC
there	EX
will	MD
be	VB
times	NNS
when	WRB
you	PRP
think	VBP
you	PRP
are	VBP
through	IN
,	,
but	CC
you	PRP
discover	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
.	.
Look	VB
back	RB
at	IN
the	DT
progress	NN
you	PRP
make	VBP
.	.
And	CC
after	IN
a	DT
while	NN
,	,
you	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
stop	VB
defining	VBG
yourself	PRP
as	IN
someone	NN
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
decide	VB
at	IN
some	DT
point	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
you	PRP
then	RB
,	,
but	CC
this	DT
is	VBZ
you	PRP
now	RB
.	.
An	DT
intelligent	JJ
,	,
strong	JJ
,	,
resilient	JJ
,	,
beautiful	JJ
,	,
creative	JJ
person	NN
,	,
that	IN
deserves	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
heard	VBN
,	,
deserves	VBZ
attention	NN
,	,
and	CC
deserves	VBZ
honor	NN
and	CC
love	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
finally	RB
at	IN
this	DT
point	NN
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
finally	RB
really	RB
moving	VBG
on	IN
.	.
The	DT
ED	NNP
has	VBZ
changed	VBN
the	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
look	VBP
at	IN
the	DT
world	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
will	MD
never	RB
forget	VB
the	DT
pain	NN
,	,
but	CC
going	VBG
though	IN
the	DT
work	NN
to	TO
recover	VB
has	VBZ
caused	VBN
me	PRP
to	TO
grow	VB
into	IN
a	DT
really	RB
incredible	JJ
person	NN
.	.
Someone	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
like	VBP
and	CC
that	IN
other	JJ
people	NNS
admire	VBP
.	.
Fragmented	JJ
thoughts	NNS
,	,
thoughts	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
all	DT
contributed	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
evolution	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
and	CC
self	NN
defined	VBN
success	NN
.	.
We	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
develop	VB
rules	NNS
that	WDT
cause	VBP
us	PRP
to	TO
take	VB
action	NN
,	,
that	WDT
cause	VBP
us	PRP
to	TO
feel	VB
joy	NN
,	,
that	WDT
cause	VBP
us	PRP
to	TO
follow	VB
through	IN
-	:
not	RB
rules	NNS
that	WDT
stop	VBP
us	PRP
short	RB
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
found	VBN
that	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
an	DT
amazing	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
who	WP
set	VBD
up	RP
rules	NNS
for	IN
relationships	NNS
that	WDT
make	VBP
it	PRP
absolutely	RB
impossible	JJ
for	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
succeed	VB
in	IN
any	DT
area	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
The	DT
rules	NNS
you	PRP
are	VBP
setting	VBG
for	IN
yourself	PRP
eating	VBG
wise	JJ
and	CC
exercise	NN
wise	JJ
are	VBP
unwinnable	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
hits	VBZ
you	PRP
at	IN
every	DT
turn	NN
,	,
every	DT
party	NN
,	,
gathering	NN
,	,
social	JJ
occassion	NN
,	,
business	NN
luncheon\/dinner	NN
,	,
the	DT
constant	JJ
draw	NN
,	,
the	DT
never	RB
ending	VBG
pull	VB
to	TO
items	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
've	VBP
embeded	VBN
in	IN
your	PRP$
brain	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
n't	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
Being	VBG
thin	JJ
does	VBZ
not	RB
have	VB
to	TO
be	VB
temporary	JJ
.	.
The	DT
state	NN
of	IN
mind	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
Fright	NN
and	CC
fearing	VBG
being	VBG
fat	JJ
again	RB
.	.
With	IN
each	DT
bite	NN
of	IN
the	DT
``	``
wrong	JJ
''	''
food	NN
are	VBP
we	PRP
becoming	VBG
closer	RBR
and	CC
closer	RBR
to	TO
that	DT
fat	JJ
individual	NN
we	PRP
once	RB
were	VBD
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
willing	JJ
to	TO
accept	VB
the	DT
weight	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
You	PRP
must	MD
embrace	VB
yourself	PRP
with	IN
open	JJ
handed	VBN
,	,
tender-hearted	JJ
willingness	NN
to	TO
love	VB
the	DT
fear	NN
and	CC
the	DT
passion	NN
which	WDT
drives	VBZ
you	PRP
.	.
Remind	VB
yourself	PRP
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
allowed	VBN
,	,
entitled	VBN
,	,
deserve	VBP
to	TO
respect	VB
yourself	PRP
,	,
cherish	VB
yourself	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
be	VB
small	JJ
waisted	VBN
to	TO
feel	VB
big	JJ
about	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
and	CC
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
the	DT
size	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
whatever	WDT
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
in	IN
a	DT
given	VBN
moment	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
size	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
supposed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
What	WP
's	VBZ
important	JJ
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
size	NN
nor	CC
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
either	CC
gained	VBD
or	CC
lost	VBD
but	CC
the	DT
life	NN
you	PRP
lead	VBP
while	IN
getting	VBG
there	RB
.	.
Does	VBZ
the	DT
size	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
bodies	NNS
indicate	VBP
the	DT
size	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
?	.
Success	NN
comes	VBZ
from	IN
living	VBG
.	.
Lifestyle	NN
.	.
Instead	RB
of	IN
waiting	VBG
for	IN
some	DT
magical	JJ
moment	NN
when	WRB
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
you	PRP
have	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
yourself	PRP
become	VBP
filled	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
size	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
the	DT
size	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Once	RB
you	PRP
live	VBP
a	DT
certain	JJ
way	NN
for	IN
so	RB
many	JJ
years	NNS
it	PRP
's	VBZ
quite	RB
difficult	JJ
to	TO
take	VB
apart	RP
all	DT
of	IN
those	DT
things	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
been	VBN
passed	VBN
down	RB
and	CC
comprehended	VBN
as	IN
truth	NN
.	.
Good	JJ
food\/bad	JJ
food	NN
.	.
Good	JJ
day\/bad	JJ
day	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
which	WDT
foods	NNS
were	VBD
consumed	VBN
.	.
``	``
blowing	VBG
it	PRP
''	''
.	.
``	``
cheating	NN
''	''
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
loath	JJ
and	CC
then	RB
cherish	VB
ourselves	PRP
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
number	NN
on	IN
the	DT
scale	NN
.	.
Change	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
come	VB
about	RB
because	IN
we	PRP
hate	VBP
ourselves	PRP
.	.
If	IN
we	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
accept	VB
how	WRB
we	PRP
look	VBP
and	CC
loath	JJ
the	DT
rolls	NNS
hidden	VBN
under	IN
our	PRP$
clothes	NNS
does	VBZ
that	IN
mean	NN
we	PRP
'll	MD
hate	VB
ourselves	PRP
into	IN
changing	VBG
and	CC
losing	VBG
those	DT
extra	JJ
pounds	NNS
?	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
n't	RB
an	DT
end	NN
to	TO
this	DT
issue	NN
.	.
Or	CC
to	TO
any	DT
other	JJ
core	NN
issue	NN
.	.
You	PRP
think	VBP
you	PRP
have	VBP
it	PRP
all	DT
fixed	VBN
-	:
your	PRP$
weight	NN
is	VBZ
stable	JJ
,	,
you	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
eating	JJ
thing	NN
down	RB
,	,
life	NN
is	VBZ
good	JJ
-	:
and	CC
then	RB
it	PRP
starts	VBZ
again	RB
.	.
Each	DT
time	NN
we	PRP
come	VBP
around	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
same	JJ
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
different	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
something	NN
with	IN
which	WDT
you	PRP
never	RB
fully	RB
recover	VB
.	.
You	PRP
must	MD
let	VB
yourself	PRP
go	VB
and	CC
let	VB
yourself	PRP
eat	VB
and	CC
experience	VB
any	DT
culinary	JJ
delight	NN
.	.
Then	RB
you	PRP
must	MD
let	VB
go	VB
and	CC
believe	VB
that	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
will	MD
tell	VB
you	PRP
when	WRB
to	TO
stop	VB
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
all	DT
about	IN
caring	VBG
for	IN
yourself	PRP
,	,
loving	JJ
yourself	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
face	NN
may	MD
become	VB
more	RBR
round	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
heart	NN
may	MD
race	NN
as	IN
those	DT
fears	NNS
of	IN
being	VBG
heavy	JJ
again	RB
plague	VB
your	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
must	MD
then	RB
trust	VB
yourself	PRP
.	.
Trust	NNP
your	PRP$
body	NN
to	TO
do	VB
the	DT
right	JJ
thing	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
body	NN
knows	VBZ
what	WP
it	PRP
requires	VBZ
.	.
Your	PRP$
body	NN
knows	VBZ
exactly	RB
what	WP
it	PRP
needs	VBZ
.	.
Once	RB
you	PRP
can	MD
turn	VB
off	RP
that	DT
internal	JJ
dialogue	NN
.	.
Internal	NNP
fear	NN
of	IN
returning	VBG
to	TO
where	WRB
you	PRP
once	RB
were	VBD
you	PRP
will	MD
then	RB
get	VB
comfortable	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
way	NN
your	PRP$
body	NN
communicates	VBZ
with	IN
you	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
then	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
hear	VB
your	PRP$
body	NN
talking	VBG
to	TO
you	PRP
and	CC
telling	VBG
you	PRP
what	WP
you	PRP
ultimately	RB
need	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
at	IN
the	DT
onset	NN
it	PRP
seems	VBZ
as	IN
though	IN
if	IN
you	PRP
just	RB
said	VBD
YES	NNP
and	CC
let	VB
yourself	PRP
go	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
consume	VB
everything	NN
in	IN
sight	NN
every	DT
minute	NN
of	IN
the	DT
day	NN
.	.
That	DT
does	VBZ
,	,
in	IN
fact	NN
,	,
happen	VB
to	TO
a	DT
degree	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
almost	RB
like	IN
testing	NN
ourselves	PRP
.	.
Proving	VBG
to	TO
ourselves	PRP
that	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
just	RB
not	RB
possible	JJ
to	TO
stop	VB
denying	VBG
ourselves	PRP
.	.
That	IN
we	PRP
MUST	VBP
have	VB
rules	NNS
or	CC
we	PRP
will	MD
eat	VB
ourselves	PRP
to	TO
death	NN
.	.
When	WRB
,	,
in	IN
fact	NN
,	,
that	DT
's	VBZ
no	DT
what	WP
will	MD
happen	VB
at	IN
all	DT
.	.
You	PRP
've	VBP
tried	VBN
every	DT
other	JJ
method	NN
.	.
Try	VB
this	DT
.	.
Give	VB
this	DT
idea	NN
a	DT
chance	NN
.	.
The	DT
most	RBS
glorifying	JJ
reality	NN
about	IN
letting	VBG
go	VB
and	CC
letting	VBG
your	PRP$
body	NN
regain	VB
control	NN
over	IN
your	PRP$
appetite	NN
once	RB
again	RB
is	VBZ
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
it	PRP
for	IN
life	NN
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
become	VB
life	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
The	DT
life	NN
you	PRP
long	RB
to	TO
have	VB
.	.
Once	RB
you	PRP
take	VBP
the	DT
pressure	NN
off	IN
of	IN
yourself	PRP
by	IN
making	VBG
rules	NNS
.	.
Once	RB
you	PRP
relieve	VBP
the	DT
internal	JJ
struggle	NN
of	IN
good	JJ
and	CC
bad	JJ
.	.
The	DT
never	RB
ending	VBG
regimn	NN
of	IN
;	:
I	PRP
will	MD
start	VB
tomorrow	NN
,	,
I	PRP
blew	VBD
it	PRP
today	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
body	NN
will	MD
do	VB
what	WP
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
.	.
Your	PRP$
body	NN
will	MD
communicate	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
what	WP
it	PRP
needs	VBZ
.	.
You	PRP
must	MD
believe	VB
it	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
must	MD
have	VB
unshakable	JJ
confidence	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
achieve	VB
.	.
You	PRP
must	MD
believe	VB
enough	RB
in	IN
yourself	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
body	NN
to	TO
let	VB
go	VB
and	CC
let	VB
yourself	PRP
get	VB
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
basics	NNS
.	.
The	DT
basics	NNS
consist	VBP
of	IN
listening	VBG
to	TO
your	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
letting	VBG
it	PRP
tell	VB
you	PRP
what	WP
you	PRP
require	VBP
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
,	,
free	JJ
your	PRP$
mind	NN
and	CC
emotions	NNS
so	IN
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
concentrate	VB
on	IN
the	DT
things	NNS
that	WDT
`	``
require	VBP
'	''
your	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
attention	NN
.	.
I	PRP
contributed	VBD
to	TO
this	DT
page	NN
about	IN
one	CD
year	NN
ago	RB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
road	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
.	.
Along	IN
the	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
hit	VBD
many	JJ
bumps	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
road	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
continued	VBD
to	TO
struggle	VB
to	TO
survive	VB
.	.
On	IN
April	NNP
15	CD
,	,
1997	CD
,	,
I	PRP
said	VBD
goodbye	NN
to	TO
my	PRP$
10	CD
year	NN
friend	NN
called	VBN
Bulimia	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
this	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
type	NN
of	IN
action	NN
everyone	NN
can	MD
take	VB
to	TO
get	VB
well	RB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
had	VBN
enough	RB
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
in	IN
therapy	NN
with	IN
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
woman	NN
,	,
but	CC
had	VBD
to	TO
move	VB
away	RB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
women	NNS
's	POS
group	NN
and	CC
had	VBD
to	TO
stop	VB
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
distance	NN
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
to	TO
drive	VB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
getting	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
hole	NN
with	IN
money	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
just	RB
separated	VBD
from	IN
the	DT
military	JJ
,	,
was	VBD
unemployed	JJ
and	CC
looking	VBG
for	IN
another	DT
job	NN
.	.
The	DT
amount	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
spending	VBG
on	IN
food	NN
as	IN
terrible	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
this	DT
may	MD
seem	VB
drastic	JJ
and	CC
helpless	JJ
for	IN
some	DT
,	,
going	VBG
cold	JJ
turkey	NN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
stop	VB
my	PRP$
spiraling	VBG
decline	NN
.	.
I	PRP
took	VBD
the	DT
most	RBS
stressful	JJ
time	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
decided	VBD
it	PRP
was	VBD
now	RB
or	CC
never	RB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
purge	JJ
free	JJ
for	IN
over	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
binge	NN
a	DT
little	JJ
once	RB
in	IN
awhile	RB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
come	VBN
to	TO
learn	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
normal	JJ
human	JJ
being	VBG
when	WRB
I	PRP
do	VBP
this	DT
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
eat	VB
healthy	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
found	VBD
that	IN
after	IN
a	DT
months	NNS
time	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
body	NN
began	VBD
to	TO
understand	VB
this	DT
new	JJ
way	NN
of	IN
life	NN
and	CC
settled	VBD
into	IN
a	DT
consistent	JJ
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
wish	VBP
I	PRP
could	MD
say	VB
the	DT
step	NN
I	PRP
took	VBD
has	VBZ
been	VBN
easy	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
hardest	RBS
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
rewarding	JJ
accomplishments	NNS
I	PRP
have	VBP
ever	RB
achieved	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
survivor	NN
!	.
!	.
However	RB
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
let	VB
myself	PRP
get	VB
cocky	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
have	VBP
long	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
go	VB
in	IN
recovery	NN
and	CC
dealing	VBG
with	IN
what	WP
life	NN
throws	VBZ
at	IN
me	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
know	VBP
Bulimia	NNP
is	VBZ
still	RB
there	RB
,	,
lurking	VBG
,	,
waiting	VBG
for	IN
when	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
down	RB
and	CC
have	VBP
no-one	VBN
to	TO
turn	VB
to	TO
.	.
As	RB
long	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
keep	VBP
this	DT
in	IN
mind	NN
and	CC
keep	VB
the	DT
faith	NN
in	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
capable	JJ
of	IN
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
reach	VB
my	PRP$
full	JJ
potential	NN
.	.
As	IN
I	PRP
read	VBP
through	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
submissions	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
struck	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
approaches	NNS
people	NNS
were	VBD
using	VBG
to	TO
successfully	RB
live	VB
life	NN
free	JJ
of	IN
anorexia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
36	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
and	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
been	VBN
eight	CD
years	NNS
since	IN
I	PRP
've	VBP
had	VBD
to	TO
live	VB
at	IN
the	DT
mercy	NN
of	IN
a	DT
compulsion	NN
to	TO
practice	VB
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
behavior	NN
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
tell	VB
you	PRP
how	WRB
grateful	JJ
I	PRP
am	VBP
for	IN
that	DT
freedom	NN
.	.
These	DT
eight	CD
years	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
difficult	JJ
and	CC
most	RBS
fulfilling	VBG
years	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
experienced	VBN
divorce	NN
,	,
job	NN
loss	NN
,	,
assault	NN
,	,
out	IN
of	IN
state	NN
moves	NNS
,	,
major	JJ
illness	NN
and	CC
multiple	JJ
surgeries	NNS
.	.
Through	IN
all	DT
of	IN
it	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
n't	RB
had	VBD
to	TO
purge	VB
,	,
exercise	VB
excessively	RB
,	,
weigh	VBP
compulsively	RB
or	CC
starve	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
also	RB
enjoyed	VBN
a	DT
new	JJ
beginning	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
career	NN
,	,
a	DT
new	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
country	NN
and	CC
a	DT
wealth	NN
of	IN
true	JJ
friends	NNS
whose	WP$
love	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
have	VB
earned	VBN
and	CC
did	VBD
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
come	VBN
to	TO
understand	VB
abstinence	NN
as	IN
refraining	VBG
from	IN
doing	VBG
those	DT
things	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
manifestation	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
particular	JJ
items	NNS
of	IN
food	NN
are	VBP
not	RB
a	DT
problem	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
abstain	VB
from	IN
any	DT
particular	JJ
foods	NNS
.	.
Weighing	VBG
myself	PRP
,	,
purging	VBG
,	,
excessive	JJ
exercise	NN
,	,
starving	VBG
,	,
these	DT
cause	NN
me	PRP
a	DT
world	NN
of	IN
trouble	NN
.	.
Not	RB
doing	VBG
those	DT
things	NNS
constitutes	VBZ
abstinence	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
add	VBP
too	RB
many	JJ
things	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
list	NN
of	IN
things	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
part	NN
of	IN
abstinence	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
become	VB
as	IN
compulsively	RB
restrictive	JJ
in	IN
abstinence	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
practicing	VBG
anorexia	NN
.	.
Above	IN
all	DT
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
me	PRP
that	IN
eating	VBG
not	RB
take	VB
on	RP
a	DT
punitive	JJ
quality	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
prefer	VB
to	TO
eat	VB
real	JJ
food	NN
instead	RB
of	IN
``	``
diet	NN
''	''
and	CC
other	JJ
foods	NNS
containing	VBG
artificial	JJ
sweeteners	NNS
or	CC
fats	NNS
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
preference	NN
,	,
not	RB
a	DT
rule	NN
.	.
The	DT
thing	NN
that	WDT
made	VBD
the	DT
difference	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
was	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
got	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
point	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
just	RB
had	VBD
to	TO
recover	VB
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
stand	VB
to	TO
go	VB
on	IN
anymore	RB
.	.
I	PRP
recognized	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
do	VB
it	PRP
alone	RB
and	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
more	JJR
than	IN
human	JJ
help	NN
.	.
To	TO
give	VB
control	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
completely	RB
to	TO
God	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
huge	JJ
risk	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
guarantees	NNS
about	IN
what	WP
He	PRP
would	MD
do	VB
.	.
I	PRP
hurt	VBP
so	RB
much	JJ
inside	IN
that	IN
I	PRP
told	VBD
God	NNP
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
willing	JJ
to	TO
do	VB
anything	NN
to	TO
recover	VB
and	CC
be	VB
of	IN
service	NN
to	TO
Him	PRP
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
He	PRP
intended	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
weigh	VB
a	DT
million	CD
pounds	NNS
.	.
No	DT
conditions	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
tremendous	JJ
guilt	NN
over	IN
the	DT
things	NNS
I	PRP
had	VBD
done	VBN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
The	DT
idea	NN
that	WDT
anyone	NN
else	RB
had	VBD
done	VBN
them	PRP
seemed	VBD
impossible	JJ
to	TO
grasp	VB
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
free	JJ
.	.
Otherwise	RB
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
either	RB
start	VB
the	DT
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
behavior	NN
again	RB
or	CC
do	VB
something	NN
else	RB
harmful	JJ
to	TO
myself	PRP
in	IN
an	DT
attempt	NN
to	TO
exert	VB
some	DT
control	NN
over	IN
the	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
felt	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
took	VBD
a	DT
really	RB
hard	JJ
look	NN
at	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Then	RB
I	PRP
brought	VBD
God	NNP
with	IN
me	PRP
an	DT
sat	VBD
down	RP
with	IN
someone	NN
else	RB
,	,
looked	VBD
them	PRP
straight	RB
in	IN
the	DT
eyes	NNS
and	CC
told	VBD
them	PRP
everything	NN
.	.
Having	VBG
looked	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
mess	NN
I	PRP
'd	MD
made	VBN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
I	PRP
really	RB
knew	VBD
I	PRP
needed	VBD
God	NNP
's	POS
help	NN
to	TO
become	VB
different	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
found	VBD
it	PRP
necessary	JJ
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
those	DT
I	PRP
had	VBD
harmed	VBN
and	CC
do	VB
my	PRP$
best	JJS
to	TO
make	VB
things	NNS
right	RB
.	.
That	DT
brought	VBD
me	PRP
freedom	NN
from	IN
the	DT
guilt	NN
and	CC
shame	NN
that	WDT
had	VBD
ruled	VBN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
have	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
that	DT
when	WRB
I	PRP
screw	VBP
up	RB
and	CC
act	VB
badly	RB
.	.
I	PRP
keep	VBP
asking	VBG
God	NNP
to	TO
help	VB
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
a	DT
scholar	NN
of	IN
the	DT
scriptures	NNS
,	,
but	CC
somewhere	RB
in	IN
there	EX
I	PRP
believe	VBP
it	PRP
says	VBZ
that	IN
of	IN
him	PRP
to	TO
whom	WP
much	RB
has	VBZ
been	VBN
given	VBN
is	VBZ
much	JJ
required	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
given	VBN
so	RB
much	RB
.	.
In	IN
my	PRP$
experience	NN
,	,
the	DT
gifts	NNS
God	NNP
gives	VBZ
are	VBP
best	JJS
enjoyed	VBN
when	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
shared	VBN
with	IN
others	NNS
who	WP
want	VBP
them	PRP
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
opportunities	NNS
arise	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
helpful	JJ
to	TO
someone	NN
suffering	NN
from	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
I	PRP
suit	VBP
up	RB
and	CC
show	VB
up	RP
.	.
Even	RB
when	WRB
they	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
seem	VB
to	TO
get	VB
anything	NN
out	IN
of	IN
it	PRP
,	,
it	PRP
reinforces	VBZ
for	IN
me	PRP
how	WRB
blessed	VBN
I	PRP
am	VBP
to	TO
enjoy	VB
this	DT
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBD
the	DT
privilege	NN
of	IN
watching	VBG
others	NNS
recover	VB
.	.
To	TO
be	VB
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
that	DT
is	VBZ
truly	RB
miraculous	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
dying	VBG
when	WRB
I	PRP
began	VBD
this	DT
recovery	NN
.	.
Child	NN
of	IN
divorce	NN
,	,
introverted	JJ
,	,
with	IN
a	DT
mother	NN
who	WP
danced	VBD
professionally	RB
:	:
one	CD
could	MD
say	VB
that	IN
the	DT
soil	NN
was	VBD
fertile	JJ
for	IN
some	DT
sort	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
them	PRP
all	DT
.	.
It	PRP
started	VBD
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
about	RB
14	CD
and	CC
I	PRP
remember	VBP
I	PRP
finally	RB
decided	VBD
to	TO
take	VB
constructive	JJ
action	NN
to	TO
eat	VB
normally	RB
when	WRB
I	PRP
turned	VBD
24	CD
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
obedient	JJ
daughter	NN
who	WP
managed	VBD
to	TO
stay	VB
on	IN
both	DT
parents	NNS
'	POS
good	JJ
side	NN
through	IN
an	DT
ugly	JJ
divorce	NN
while	IN
maintaining	VBG
a	DT
3.8	CD
GPA	NNP
etcetera	NN
and	CC
so	RB
forth	RB
.	.
Meanwhile	RB
I	PRP
was	VBD
alternately	RB
binging	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
and	CC
steadily	RB
gaining	VBG
weight	NN
and	CC
hating	VBG
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
``	``
ran	VBD
away	RB
''	''
from	IN
home	NN
on	IN
scholarship	NN
to	TO
an	DT
elitist	JJ
4-yr	JJ
college	NN
,	,
as	IN
any	DT
goody-goody	NN
who	WP
wants	VBZ
to	TO
forget	VB
a	DT
shattered	JJ
home	NN
life	NN
would	MD
do	VB
.	.
Under	IN
the	DT
usual	JJ
pressures	NNS
that	WDT
come	VBP
along	RP
with	IN
your	PRP$
first	JJ
year	NN
away	RB
,	,
I	PRP
managed	VBD
to	TO
gain	VB
some	DT
weight	NN
and	CC
then	RB
promptly	RB
lose	VB
it	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
grades	NNS
fell	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
lost	VBD
a	DT
few	JJ
scholarships	NNS
,	,
bounced	VBD
between	IN
majors	NNS
and	CC
finally	RB
entered	VBD
a	DT
deep	JJ
depression	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
only	RB
ameliorated	VBN
by	IN
one	CD
anorectic	NN
summer	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
this	DT
my	PRP$
20th	JJ
summer	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
finally	RB
achieved	VBD
my	PRP$
goal-weight	NN
and	CC
then	RB
continued	VBD
to	TO
pursue	VB
more	JJR
weight	NN
loss	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
running	VBG
6	CD
miles	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
and	CC
subsisting	VBG
largely	RB
on	IN
raw	JJ
unsalted	JJ
sunflower	NN
seeds	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
returned	VBD
to	TO
school	NN
in	IN
the	DT
fall	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
ecstatic	JJ
and	CC
manic	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
bought	VBN
a	DT
new	JJ
wardrobe	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
tan	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
getting	VBG
all	DT
sorts	NNS
of	IN
compliments	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
immediately	RB
plunged	VBD
into	IN
the	DT
academics	NNS
with	IN
my	PRP$
newfound	JJ
energy	NN
and	CC
took	VBD
20	CD
credits	NNS
,	,
joined	VBD
all	DT
kinds	NNS
of	IN
activities	NNS
and	CC
totally	RB
booked	VBN
up	RP
my	PRP$
time	NN
in	IN
general	JJ
.	.
As	IN
I	PRP
came	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
realization	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
unable	JJ
to	TO
maintain	VB
an	DT
unrealistically	RB
low	JJ
weight	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
overscheduled	JJ
time	NN
wielded	VBN
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
world	NN
crashed	VBD
around	IN
me	PRP
only	RB
a	DT
few	JJ
months	NNS
before	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
to	TO
graduate	NN
.	.
I	PRP
sought	VBD
professional	JJ
help	NN
but	CC
the	DT
counselors	NNS
were	VBD
too	RB
interested	JJ
in	IN
getting	VBG
me	PRP
on	IN
antidepressants	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
just	RB
was	VBD
n't	RB
buying	VBG
that	DT
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
encouragement	NN
of	IN
friends	NNS
I	PRP
thankfully	RB
graduated	VBD
,	,
but	CC
just	RB
barely	RB
,	,
and	CC
with	IN
no	DT
prospects	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
job	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
third	JJ
and	CC
fourth	JJ
years	NNS
of	IN
college	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
lived	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
language	NN
house	NN
at	IN
school	NN
,	,
speaking	VBG
French	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
common	JJ
rooms	NNS
and	CC
keeping	VBG
a	DT
journal	NN
.	.
This	DT
turned	VBD
out	RP
to	TO
be	VB
my	PRP$
ticket	NN
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
golden	JJ
cage	NN
,	,
as	IN
it	PRP
were	VBD
.	.
A	DT
friend	NN
arranged	VBD
nanny	JJ
positions	NNS
in	IN
France	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
both	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
.	.
Mine	NNP
was	VBD
in	IN
Paris	NNP
and	CC
hers	NNS
was	VBD
in	IN
Fontainbleu	NNP
,	,
a	DT
suburb	NN
of	IN
Paris	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
spent	VBD
three	CD
months	NNS
there	RB
taking	VBG
care	NN
of	IN
three	CD
children	NNS
and	CC
being	VBG
immersed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
language	NN
that	WDT
I	PRP
loved	VBD
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
usual	JJ
self-destructive	JJ
cycles	NNS
fell	VBD
by	IN
the	DT
wayside	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
cared	VBD
for	IN
others	NNS
besides	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
look	VBP
at	IN
this	DT
experience	NN
as	IN
a	DT
sort	NN
of	IN
instructive	JJ
shock	NN
therapy	NN
:	:
jetting	VBG
off	RP
to	TO
another	DT
continent	NN
where	WRB
suddenly	RB
I	PRP
belonged	VBD
to	TO
a	DT
family	NN
structure	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
constantly	RB
be	VB
thinking	VBG
on	IN
my	PRP$
feet	NNS
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
E.g.	FW
what	WP
was	VBD
the	DT
word	NN
for	IN
``	``
light	JJ
switch	NN
''	''
,	,
what	WP
is	VBZ
the	DT
exchange	NN
rate	NN
again	RB
,	,
how	WRB
do	VBP
you	PRP
get	VB
to	TO
the	DT
post	NN
office	NN
,	,
etc	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
continued	VBD
with	IN
my	PRP$
``	``
therapy	NN
''	''
by	IN
buying	VBG
a	DT
month-long	JJ
Eurail	NNP
pass	NN
,	,
then	RB
flying	VBG
over	IN
to	TO
Israel	NNP
to	TO
live	VB
on	IN
a	DT
kibbutz	NN
for	IN
four	CD
months	NNS
,	,
then	RB
caravaning	VBG
to	TO
Egypt	NNP
for	IN
6	CD
weeks	NNS
,	,
then	RB
flying	VBG
over	IN
to	TO
Greece	NNP
to	TO
spend	VB
the	DT
summer	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Islands	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
might	MD
be	VB
saying	VBG
,	,
oh	UH
that	DT
's	VBZ
great	JJ
if	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
rich	JJ
.	.
Well	RB
let	VB
me	PRP
tell	VB
you	PRP
,	,
being	VBG
\*	SYM
poor	JJ
\*	SYM
was	VBD
the	DT
best	JJS
part	NN
of	IN
this	DT
``	``
therapy	NN
''	''
:	:
I	PRP
traveled	VBD
on	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
savings	NNS
of	IN
$	$
1500	CD
for	IN
a	DT
year	NN
and	CC
a	DT
half	NN
.	.
What	WP
I	PRP
learned	VBD
was	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
extremely	RB
resourceful	JJ
and	CC
to	TO
think	VB
in	IN
the	DT
present	NN
.	.
While	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
just	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
survive	VB
from	IN
day	NN
to	TO
day	NN
and	CC
get	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
out	IN
of	IN
this	DT
wonderful	JJ
travel	NN
experience	NN
,	,
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
eat	VB
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
live	VB
rather	RB
than	IN
living	VBG
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
some	DT
irreplaceable	JJ
memories	NNS
to	TO
boot	NN
.	.
Somehow	RB
I	PRP
think	VBP
staying	VBG
home	NN
and	CC
seeking	VBG
traditional	JJ
modes	NNS
of	IN
therapy	NN
would	MD
not	RB
have	VB
been	VBN
as	RB
much	JJ
fun	NN
,	,
although	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
n't	RB
had	VBD
a	DT
friend	NN
to	TO
set	VB
up	RP
the	DT
nanny	NN
job	NN
that	WDT
's	VBZ
probably	RB
exactly	RB
what	WP
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
done	VBN
...	:
upon	IN
graduation	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
really	RB
not	RB
motivated	VBN
or	CC
organized	VBN
enough	RB
to	TO
jet	VB
off	RP
to	TO
Paris	NNP
on	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
returned	VBD
to	TO
North	NNP
America	NNP
with	IN
a	DT
travel	NN
companion	NN
from	IN
Vancouver	NNP
BC	NNP
to	TO
her	PRP$
hometown	NN
,	,
about	IN
3000	CD
miles	NNS
from	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
The	DT
survivalist	NN
training	NN
continued	VBD
:	:
instead	RB
of	IN
wiring	NN
home	NN
for	IN
money	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
I	PRP
have	VBP
never	RB
done	VBN
to	TO
this	DT
day	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
I	PRP
Greyhounded	VBD
to	TO
Seattle	NNP
with	IN
$	$
80	CD
in	IN
my	PRP$
pocket	NN
.	.
I	PRP
knew	VBD
no	DT
one	NN
but	CC
within	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
nice	JJ
apartment	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
working	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
legal	JJ
assistant	NN
.	.
The	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
reared	VBD
it	PRP
's	VBZ
ugly	JJ
head	NN
again	RB
,	,
however	RB
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
made	VBN
a	DT
rule	NN
for	IN
myself	PRP
to	TO
shun	VB
the	DT
scale	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
successful	JJ
for	IN
most	JJS
of	IN
my	PRP$
travels	NNS
;	:
however	RB
,	,
working	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
professional	JJ
capacity	NN
must	MD
have	VB
made	VBN
me	PRP
a	DT
little	RB
more	JJR
concerned	JJ
with	IN
outward	JJ
appearance	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
began	VBD
weighing	VBG
in	IN
and	CC
berating	VBG
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
guess	VBP
this	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
reality	NN
check	NN
:	:
if	IN
you	PRP
live	VBP
without	IN
the	DT
refrigerator	NN
,	,
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
raid	VB
the	DT
refrigerator	NN
!	.
The	DT
problem	NN
is	VBZ
,	,
most	JJS
modern	JJ
kitchens	NNS
have	VBP
a	DT
refrigerator	NN
!	.
As	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
moved	VBD
from	IN
my	PRP$
apartment	NN
into	IN
shared	VBN
housing	NN
,	,
I	PRP
made	VBD
a	DT
rule	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
steal	VB
no	DT
food	NN
from	IN
housemates	NNS
,	,
an	DT
activity	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
indulged	VBN
in	IN
all	DT
through	IN
college	NN
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
go	VB
down	RP
the	DT
street	NN
and	CC
buy	VB
food	NN
at	IN
the	DT
grocery	NN
store	NN
,	,
all	DT
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
steal	VB
.	.
After	IN
doing	VBG
the	DT
bulimic	JJ
thing	NN
for	IN
a	DT
couple	NN
more	RBR
years	NNS
I	PRP
finally	RB
hit	VBD
on	IN
a	DT
formula	NN
that	WDT
worked	VBD
for	IN
me	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
employ	VB
it	PRP
on	IN
my	PRP$
24th	JJ
birthday	NN
:	:
Break	VB
the	DT
cycle	NN
.	.
Eat	VB
what	WP
you	PRP
want	VBP
,	,
when	WRB
you	PRP
want	VBP
.	.
But	CC
no	DT
purging	VBG
!	.
Ever	RB
.	.
But	CC
if	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
OK	JJ
.	.
Just	RB
try	VB
not	RB
to	TO
do	VB
it	PRP
next	JJ
time	NN
.	.
Try	VB
to	TO
maintain	VB
a	DT
comfortable	JJ
weight	NN
.	.
You	PRP
did	VBD
this	DT
as	IN
a	DT
child	NN
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
it	PRP
again	RB
.	.
And	CC
most	RBS
importantly	RB
:	:
You	PRP
have	VBP
as	RB
much	JJ
time	NN
to	TO
get	VB
over	IN
this	DT
as	IN
you	PRP
need	VBP
.	.
It	PRP
may	MD
take	VB
years	NNS
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
rush	VB
it	PRP
.	.
The	DT
longer	JJR
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
,	,
the	DT
more	JJR
lessons	NNS
you	PRP
will	MD
learn	VB
.	.
Etcetera	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
played	VBD
these	DT
reassuring	JJ
tapes	NNS
over	IN
and	CC
over	IN
in	IN
my	PRP$
head	NN
.	.
And	CC
since	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
faced	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
decision	NN
to	TO
eat	VB
and	CC
what	WP
to	TO
eat	VB
several	JJ
times	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
,	,
I	PRP
got	VBD
plenty	NN
of	IN
practice	NN
,	,
I	PRP
figure	VBP
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
way	NN
,	,
getting	VBG
over	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
easier	JJR
-LRB-	-LRB-
at	IN
least	JJS
for	IN
me	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
than	IN
,	,
for	IN
instance	NN
,	,
quitting	VBG
smoking	NN
,	,
which	WDT
so	RB
often	RB
is	VBZ
replaced	VBN
by	IN
other	JJ
vices	NNS
.	.
But	CC
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
harder	RBR
for	IN
that	DT
same	JJ
reason	NN
as	RB
well	RB
:	:
everywhere	RB
you	PRP
go	VBP
,	,
there	EX
it	PRP
is	VBZ
.	.
And	CC
there	EX
you	PRP
are	VBP
!	.
Confusing	JJ
.	.
In	IN
any	DT
event	NN
,	,
I	PRP
always	RB
consider	VBP
myself	PRP
a	DT
``	``
recovering	VBG
''	''
anorectic	NN
,	,
a	DT
``	``
recovering	VBG
''	''
bulimic	JJ
,	,
to	TO
borrow	VB
an	DT
adjective	NN
from	IN
Alcoholics	NNPS
Anonymous	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
rarely	RB
weigh	VBP
myself	PRP
,	,
but	CC
that	DT
activity	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
completely	RB
forbidden	VBN
either	RB
.	.
I	PRP
seem	VBP
to	TO
stay	VB
at	IN
a	DT
normal	JJ
healthy	JJ
weight	NN
all	DT
times	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
year	NN
,	,
with	IN
my	PRP$
only	JJ
regular	JJ
exercise	NN
being	VBG
walking	VBG
since	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
own	VB
a	DT
car	NN
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
sorry	JJ
for	IN
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
that	WDT
diet	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
so	RB
glad	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
off	RP
that	DT
bandwagon	NN
.	.
The	DT
important	JJ
thing	NN
to	TO
me	PRP
is	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
comfortable	JJ
at	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
and	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
maintain	VBP
it	PRP
without	IN
effort	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
continually	RB
rediscovering	VBG
eating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
eat	VBP
what	WP
I	PRP
crave	VBP
as	IN
I	PRP
must	MD
have	VB
done	VBN
at	IN
one	CD
unadulterated	JJ
time	NN
as	IN
a	DT
child	NN
.	.
I	PRP
avoid	VBP
synthetically	RB
reconstructed	VBN
nonfat	JJ
foods	NNS
and	CC
Nutrisweetened	NNP
stuff	NN
,	,
always	RB
opting	VBG
for	IN
food	NN
in	IN
its	PRP$
most	RBS
natural	JJ
state	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
this	DT
purely	RB
anecdotal	JJ
hypothesis	NN
that	WDT
when	WRB
you	PRP
eat	VBP
the	DT
foods	NNS
you	PRP
crave	VBP
in	IN
their	PRP$
least	JJS
processed	VBN
state	NN
,	,
you	PRP
choose	VBP
adequate	JJ
nutrients	NNS
and	CC
calories	NNS
better	JJR
than	IN
any	DT
dietitian	NN
could	MD
.	.
Speaking	VBG
of	IN
which	WDT
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
recently	RB
passed	VBN
the	DT
exam	NN
for	IN
licensure	NN
as	IN
a	DT
Registered	NNP
Dietitian	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
three	CD
years	NNS
into	IN
a	DT
doctorate	NN
in	IN
Nutritional	NNP
Science	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
plan	VBP
to	TO
finish	VB
in	IN
a	DT
couple	NN
of	IN
years	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
do	VB
my	PRP$
postdoc	NN
in	IN
Geneva	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
to	TO
pair	VB
outpatient	NN
counseling	NN
with	IN
research	NN
and	CC
to	TO
help	VB
as	RB
many	JJ
people	NNS
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
finally	RB
found	VBD
recovery	NN
at	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
25	CD
in	IN
the	DT
12	CD
steps	NNS
of	IN
Overeaters	NNP
Anonymous	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
originally	RB
of	IN
Alcoholics	NNP
Anoymous	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Today	NN
,	,
its	PRP$
not	RB
about	IN
the	DT
food	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
career	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
looks	NNS
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
I	PRP
manage	VBP
to	TO
find	VB
any	DT
peace	NN
is	VBZ
by	IN
absolving	VBG
myself	PRP
from	IN
the	DT
bondage	NN
of	IN
self	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
self-centered	JJ
fears	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
find	VB
a	DT
God	NNP
of	IN
my	PRP$
understanding	NN
and	CC
develop	VB
a	DT
relationship	NN
with	IN
him	PRP
and	CC
learn	VB
to	TO
trust	VB
that	IN
his	PRP$
will	MD
for	IN
me	PRP
was	VBD
better	JJR
than	IN
anything	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
conjure	VB
up	RP
for	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
that	IN
my	PRP$
best	JJS
thinking	NN
led	VBD
my	PRP$
to	TO
suicide	NN
and	CC
mental	JJ
institutions	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
it	PRP
did	VBD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
find	VB
a	DT
``	``
God	NNP
''	''
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
easy	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
grew	VBD
up	RP
in	IN
both	DT
the	DT
Catholic	NNP
and	CC
Buddhist	NNP
churches	NNS
and	CC
was	VBD
inclined	VBN
toward	IN
atheism	NN
by	IN
my	PRP$
intellectual	JJ
training	NN
at	IN
Berkeley	NNP
.	.
However	RB
,	,
this	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
key	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
working	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
saying	VBG
it	PRP
is	VBZ
easy	JJ
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
works	VBZ
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
as	IN
desperate	JJ
as	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
,	,
please	VB
try	VB
to	TO
find	VB
some	DT
OA	NNP
meetings	NNS
with	IN
strong	JJ
recovery	NN
.	.
When	WRB
,	,
I	PRP
say	VBP
strong	JJ
recovery	NN
,	,
I	PRP
mean	VBP
a	DT
meeting	NN
where	WRB
they	PRP
talk	VBP
about	IN
solutions	NNS
rather	RB
than	IN
assigning	VBG
blame	NN
.	.
I	PRP
spent	VBD
many	JJ
years	NNS
blaming	VBG
my	PRP$
parent	NN
,	,
blaming	VBG
the	DT
men	NNS
that	WDT
had	VBD
treated	VBN
me	PRP
bad	JJ
,	,
blaming	VBG
society	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
...	:
Life	NNP
can	MD
deal	VB
some	DT
harsh	JJ
blows	NNS
,	,
but	CC
as	RB
long	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
the	DT
victim	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
change	VB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
at	IN
the	DT
mercy	NN
of	IN
outside	JJ
elements	NNS
so	RB
to	TO
speak	VB
.	.
Just	RB
to	TO
give	VB
an	DT
example	NN
,	,
I	PRP
always	RB
thought	VBD
it	PRP
was	VBD
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
fault	NN
because	IN
of	IN
how	WRB
strict	JJ
they	PRP
were	VBD
,	,
the	DT
religious	JJ
upbring	NN
,	,
because	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
biracial	JJ
,	,
because	IN
they	PRP
hit	VBD
me	PRP
etc.	FW
...	:
I	PRP
ran	VBD
away	RB
and	CC
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
are	VBP
I	PRP
were	VBD
estranged	VBN
for	IN
several	JJ
years	NNS
.	.
Today	NN
my	PRP$
``	``
non-loving	JJ
,	,
overdemanding	VBG
''	''
father	NN
calls	VBZ
just	RB
to	TO
say	VB
hi	NNS
,	,
ask	VB
me	PRP
when	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
coming	VBG
home	NN
to	TO
visit	VB
and	CC
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
he	PRP
loves	VBZ
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
the	DT
one	NN
who	WP
changed	VBD
,	,
not	RB
him	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
forgave	VBD
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
and	CC
understood	VBN
they	PRP
did	VBD
the	DT
best	JJS
they	PRP
could	MD
and	CC
started	VBD
treating	VBG
them	PRP
as	IN
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
treated	VBN
rather	RB
than	IN
waiting	VBG
for	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
first	JJ
move	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
thought	VBD
they	PRP
owed	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
All	DT
that	WDT
changed	VBD
was	VBD
my	PRP$
attitude	NN
.	.
In	IN
working	VBG
the	DT
steps	NNS
I	PRP
looked	VBD
at	IN
my	PRP$
part	NN
in	IN
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
painful	JJ
memories	NNS
and	CC
say	VB
my	PRP$
part	NN
and	CC
made	VBD
amends	NNS
for	IN
my	PRP$
part	NN
and	CC
prayed	VBD
to	TO
God	NNP
to	TO
give	VB
me	PRP
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
forgive	VB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
perfect	JJ
so	IN
what	WP
right	RB
do	VBP
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
expect	VB
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
they	PRP
did	VBD
the	DT
best	JJS
they	PRP
could	MD
.	.
Today	NN
I	NNP
know	VBP
they	PRP
love	VBP
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
not	RB
thrown	VBN
up	RP
,	,
binged	VBD
,	,
taken	VBN
laxatives	NNS
,	,
diuretics	NNS
,	,
or	CC
starved	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
sort	NN
of	IN
,	,
this	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
hard	JJ
one	CD
for	IN
me	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
about	IN
1	CD
year	NN
and	CC
8	CD
months	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
eat	VBP
sensibly	RB
today	NN
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
feel	VBP
healthier	RBR
than	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
can	MD
eat	VB
and	CC
then	RB
go	VB
on	IN
to	TO
the	DT
next	JJ
thing	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
spend	VB
hours	NNS
anymore	RB
obsessing	VBG
on	IN
every	DT
bite	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
idea	NN
how	WRB
much	JJ
I	PRP
weigh	VBP
because	IN
I	PRP
threw	VBD
out	RP
my	PRP$
scale	NN
but	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
know	VB
that	IN
people	NNS
consider	VBP
me	PRP
thin	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
get	VBP
compliments	NNS
on	IN
my	PRP$
figure	NN
.	.
But	CC
more	RBR
importantly	RB
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
great	JJ
friends	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
honest	JJ
with	IN
them	PRP
and	CC
current	JJ
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
loving	JJ
boyfriend	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
the	DT
man	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
always	RB
imagined	VBN
in	IN
my	PRP$
head	NN
.	.
He	PRP
is	VBZ
kind	RB
,	,
understanding	NN
,	,
respects	VBZ
me	PRP
and	CC
loves	VBZ
me	PRP
for	IN
everything	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
secrets	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
knows	VBZ
about	IN
my	PRP$
problem	NN
and	CC
supports	VBZ
what	WP
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
to	TO
stay	VB
in	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
life	NN
is	VBZ
good	JJ
today	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
moments	NNS
of	IN
peace	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
can	MD
appreciate	VB
the	DT
sunshine	NN
and	CC
the	DT
birds	NNS
singing	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
this	DT
sounds	VBZ
corny	JJ
but	CC
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
remember	VB
birds	NNS
singing	VBG
before	RB
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
too	RB
self-obsessed	JJ
.	.
If	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
what	WP
you	PRP
seek	VBP
,	,
find	VBP
an	DT
OA	NNP
meeting	NN
,	,
get	VB
a	DT
sponsor	NN
and	CC
start	VB
working	VBG
the	DT
steps	NNS
with	IN
your	PRP$
sponsor	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
life	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
perfect	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
still	RB
struggle	NN
at	IN
times	NNS
,	,
but	CC
what	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
happier	JJR
than	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
ever	RB
been	VBN
.	.
My	PRP$
God	NNP
Bless	NNP
you	PRP
all	DT
and	CC
keep	VB
you	PRP
well	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
twenty-five	JJ
year	NN
old	JJ
who	WP
battled	VBD
anorexia\/bulimia	NN
for	IN
eleven	CD
years	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
started	VBD
with	IN
a	DT
``	``
diet	NN
''	''
and	CC
ended	VBN
with	IN
starvation	NN
,	,
laxative	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
exercise	NN
and	CC
induced	JJ
vomiting	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
compulsive	JJ
dieting\/bingeing\/vomiting	VBG
became	VBD
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
life	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
;	:
I	PRP
managed	VBD
to	TO
fit	VB
it	PRP
in	IN
around	IN
classes	NNS
,	,
activities	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
,	,
rather	RB
,	,
I	PRP
fit	VBP
my	PRP$
life	NN
in	IN
around	IN
my	PRP$
compulsions	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Eventually	RB
,	,
though	RB
,	,
I	PRP
stopped	VBD
going	VBG
out	RP
,	,
avoided	VBD
going	VBG
anywhere	RB
that	IN
involved	VBN
eating	NN
,	,
and	CC
simply	RB
got	VBD
stuck	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
whirlpool	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
disease	NN
.	.
I	PRP
forgot	VBD
that	IN
there	EX
was	VBD
more	JJR
to	TO
life	NN
than	IN
food	NN
and	CC
calories	NNS
;	:
that	IN
there	EX
were	VBD
people	NNS
who	WP
loved	VBD
me	PRP
;	:
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
person	NN
and	CC
there	EX
was	VBD
much	RB
more	JJR
to	TO
me	PRP
than	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
and	CC
what	WP
I	PRP
put	VBD
into	IN
it	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
had	VBD
become	VBN
such	JJ
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
me	PRP
that	IN
,	,
although	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
miserable	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
sure	JJ
I	PRP
could	MD
function	VB
any	DT
other	JJ
way	NN
.	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
me	PRP
hitting	VBG
an	DT
absolute	JJ
``	``
rock	NN
bottom	NN
,	,
''	''
and	CC
the	DT
love	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
best	JJS
friends	NNS
and	CC
my	PRP$
family	NN
,	,
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
seek	VB
help	NN
with	IN
a	DT
psychologist	NN
.	.
That	DT
was	VBD
extremely	RB
difficult	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
:	:
I	PRP
had	VBD
always	RB
been	VBN
a	DT
rotten	JJ
communicator	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
no	DT
real	JJ
surprise	NN
there	EX
:	:
-	:
-RRB-	-RRB-
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
found	VBD
that	IN
group	NN
therapy	NN
helped	VBD
me	PRP
immensely	RB
;	:
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
so	RB
frightening	JJ
and	CC
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
so	RB
isolating	VBG
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
real	JJ
lifesaver	NN
to	TO
find	VB
others	NNS
who	WP
share	VBP
similar	JJ
experiences	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
learned	VBD
how	WRB
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
the	DT
issues	NNS
that	WDT
led	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
:	:
to	TO
paraphrase	VB
Geneen	NNP
Roth	NNP
,	,
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
small	JJ
bandage	NN
that	WDT
tries	VBZ
in	IN
vain	JJ
to	TO
heal	VB
a	DT
gaping	JJ
wound	NN
.	.
Anyway	RB
,	,
after	IN
several	JJ
years	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
finally	RB
feel	VBP
free	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
life	NN
no	RB
longer	RB
revolves	VBZ
around	IN
weight	NN
,	,
dieting	NN
,	,
food	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
stayed	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
consistent	JJ
healthy	JJ
weight	NN
for	IN
two	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
like	IN
I	PRP
cut	VBD
myself	PRP
off	RP
from	IN
the	DT
world	NN
for	IN
years	NNS
and	CC
now	RB
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
real	JJ
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
got	VBD
married	VBN
last	JJ
year	NN
to	TO
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
man	NN
,	,
who	WP
supported	VBD
me	PRP
all	PDT
the	DT
way	NN
through	IN
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
and	CC
loves	VBZ
me	PRP
for	IN
ME	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
people	NNS
to	TO
know	VB
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
way	NN
out	IN
;	:
if	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
it	PRP
anyone	NN
can	MD
.	.
It	PRP
just	RB
takes	VBZ
real	JJ
dedication	NN
,	,
and	CC
you	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
do	VB
it	PRP
alone	RB
.	.
I	PRP
wrote	VBD
you	PRP
back	RB
in	IN
December	NNP
of	IN
1996	CD
in	IN
a	DT
desperate	JJ
attempt	NN
to	TO
get	VB
my	PRP$
life	NN
together	RB
and	CC
win	VB
the	DT
battle	NN
against	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
wrote	VBD
again	RB
soon	RB
thereafter	RB
to	TO
share	VB
my	PRP$
story	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
new-found	JJ
recovery	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
i	FW
described	VBD
finding	VBG
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
personal	JJ
trainer	NN
and	CC
friend	NN
at	IN
the	DT
gym	NN
who	WP
helped	VBD
me	PRP
in	IN
my	PRP$
search	NN
for	IN
happiness	NN
and	CC
health	NN
,	,
spiritually	RB
,	,
physically	RB
and	CC
mentally	RB
...	:
The	DT
road	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
rough	JJ
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
like	IN
learning	VBG
to	TO
walk	VB
all	DT
over	RB
again	RB
.	.
First	RB
,	,
crawling	VBG
,	,
then	RB
my	PRP$
first	JJ
real	JJ
steps	NNS
...	:
then	RB
dealing	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
stumbles	NNS
and	CC
falls	VBZ
and	CC
the	DT
obstacles	NNS
that	WDT
got	VBD
in	IN
my	PRP$
way	NN
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
help	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
Fiance	NN
'	''
Mike	NNP
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
wonderful	JJ
friend	NN
and	CC
trainer	NN
Sal	NNP
,	,
i	FW
am	VBP
now	RB
``	``
sure	JJ
footed	VBN
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
never	RB
been	VBN
healthier	RBR
and	CC
happier	JJR
in	IN
all	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
amazing	JJ
how	WRB
everyone	NN
around	IN
me	PRP
wants	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
my	PRP$
friend	NN
,	,
because	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
so	RB
obvious	JJ
what	WP
a	DT
happy	JJ
person	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
...	:
I	PRP
have	VBP
made	VBN
friends	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
,	,
i	FW
LOVE	FW
food	NN
.	.
But	CC
most	JJS
of	IN
all	DT
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
made	VBN
friends	NNS
with	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
so	RB
much	JJ
confidence	NN
now	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
amazing	JJ
.	.
Food	NNP
and	CC
weight	NN
no	RB
longer	RB
rule	VB
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
!	.
!	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
having	VBG
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
time	NN
living	NN
.	.
.	.
without	IN
the	DT
sick	JJ
obsessiveness	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
fat	JJ
I	PRP
am	VBP
or	CC
the	DT
feelings	NNS
of	IN
desperation	NN
and	CC
self-hatred	NN
.	.
I	PRP
jump	VBP
out	IN
of	IN
bed	NN
in	IN
the	DT
morning	NN
ready	JJ
to	TO
face	VB
the	DT
day	NN
,	,
ready	JJ
for	IN
whatever	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
in	IN
store	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
finally	RB
believe	VBP
that	IN
i	FW
am	VBP
BEAUTIFUL	NNP
!	.
!	.
I	PRP
love	VBP
my	PRP$
body	NN
now	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
so	RB
healthy	JJ
and	CC
fit	JJ
.	.
And	CC
i	FW
only	RB
put	VB
healthy	JJ
food	NN
inside	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
come	VBN
to	TO
terms	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
old	JJ
adage	NN
``	``
you	PRP
are	VBP
what	WP
you	PRP
eat	VBP
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
stress	VB
enough	RB
that	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
day	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
found	VBD
this	DT
website	NN
and	CC
finally	RB
realized	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
deny	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
sick	JJ
,	,
and	CC
needed	VBD
to	TO
change	VB
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
or	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
die	VB
...	:
Reading	VBG
your	PRP$
words	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
submissions	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
women	NNS
and	CC
men	NNS
with	IN
this	DT
disease	NN
is	VBZ
what	WP
truly	RB
opened	VBD
my	PRP$
eyes	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
we	PRP
only	RB
get	VB
one	CD
shot	NN
in	IN
this	DT
life	NN
and	CC
we	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
best	JJS
of	IN
it	PRP
,	,
because	IN
GOD	NNP
only	RB
knows	VBZ
,	,
life	NN
is	VBZ
TOO	RB
short	JJ
to	TO
waste	VB
it	PRP
standing	VBG
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
pantry	NN
full	JJ
of	IN
food	NN
or	CC
hovering	VBG
over	IN
a	DT
toilet	NN
.	.
.	.
Life	NNP
is	VBZ
too	RB
short	JJ
to	TO
waste	VB
it	PRP
by	IN
starving	VBG
ourselves	PRP
to	TO
fit	VB
into	IN
an	DT
unrealistic	JJ
size	NN
.	.
Life	NNP
is	VBZ
too	RB
short	JJ
to	TO
waste	VB
it	PRP
by	IN
not	RB
taking	VBG
care	NN
of	IN
ourselves	PRP
,	,
our	PRP$
minds	NNS
and	CC
bodies	NNS
and	CC
having	VBG
fun	NN
and	CC
being	VBG
happy	JJ
!	.
!	.
!	.
And	CC
we	PRP
must	MD
thank	VB
GOD	NNP
for	IN
giving	VBG
us	PRP
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
live	VB
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
on	IN
this	DT
Earth	NN
.	.
And	CC
the	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
really	RB
thank	VB
him	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
Take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
bodies	NNS
,	,
take	VBP
care	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
minds	NNS
,	,
and	CC
be	VB
good	JJ
to	TO
one	CD
another	DT
...	:
Amy	NNP
,	,
thank	VBP
you	PRP
so	RB
much	RB
for	IN
being	VBG
an	DT
inspiration	NN
to	TO
so	RB
many	JJ
people	NNS
fighting	VBG
eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
and	CC
weight	NN
disorders	NNS
!	.
!	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
very	RB
special	JJ
person	NN
,	,
and	CC
deserve	VB
a	DT
medal	NN
for	IN
being	VBG
so	RB
selfless	JJ
by	IN
dedicating	VBG
all	DT
of	IN
your	PRP$
time	NN
to	TO
maintaining	VBG
your	PRP$
website	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
sure	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
the	DT
only	JJ
one	CD
that	WDT
has	VBZ
benefitted	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
Something-Fishy	NNP
website	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
met	VBN
many	JJ
wonderful	JJ
people	NNS
through	IN
this	DT
website	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
have	VBP
been	VBN
touched	VBN
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
will	MD
do	VB
whatever	WDT
I	PRP
can	MD
to	TO
be	VB
an	DT
inspiration	NN
for	IN
them	PRP
,	,
too	RB
...	:
I	PRP
have	VBP
now	RB
been	VBN
in	IN
recovery	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
recovered	VBD
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
26	CD
years	NNS
.	.
At	IN
first	JJ
I	PRP
simply	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
ignore	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
ever	RB
suffered	VBN
from	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
like	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
so	RB
much	JJ
catching	VBG
up	RP
to	TO
do	VB
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
from	IN
depriving	VBG
myself	PRP
to	TO
over-indulgence	NN
.	.
As	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
get	VB
enough	RB
of	IN
life	NN
's	POS
experiences	NNS
after	IN
a	DT
period	NN
of	IN
fearful	JJ
,	,
cautious	JJ
,	,
overcontroll	NN
.	.
Eventually	RB
I	PRP
found	VBD
the	DT
middle	JJ
ground	NN
,	,
the	DT
balance	NN
in	IN
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
on	IN
to	TO
obtain	VB
a	DT
PH.D.	NNP
in	IN
Psychology	NNP
,	,
to	TO
develop	VB
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
Clinic	NNP
in	IN
a	DT
Medical	NNP
School	NNP
setting	VBG
,	,
to	TO
develop	VB
close	RB
,	,
intimate	JJ
relationships	NNS
,	,
marry	VB
,	,
have	VB
children	NNS
and	CC
struggle	NN
with	IN
day-to-day	JJ
life	NN
.	.
After	IN
14	CD
yrs	NNS
.	.
in	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
field	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBD
the	DT
incredible	JJ
privilege	NN
to	TO
share	VB
in	IN
many	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
recovery	NN
of	IN
many	JJ
,	,
many	JJ
wonderful	JJ
women	NNS
.	.
How	WRB
could	MD
I	PRP
have	VBP
ever	RB
imagined	VBN
that	IN
recovery	NN
could	MD
be	VB
such	JJ
a	DT
rich	JJ
&	CC
worthy	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
Best	JJS
regards	VBZ
to	TO
all	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
in	IN
your	PRP$
efforts	NNS
to	TO
find	VB
your	PRP$
way	NN
back	RB
to	TO
yourselves	NNS
in	IN
healthier	RBR
,	,
more	JJR
confidant	NN
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
impowered	JJ
ways	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
share	VB
my	PRP$
personal	JJ
story	NN
of	IN
hope	NN
and	CC
recovery	NN
with	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
others	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
.	.
Let	VB
me	PRP
introduce	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
name	NN
is	VBZ
Judy	NNP
.	.
Like	IN
many	JJ
of	IN
your	PRP$
viewers	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
became	VBD
severely	RB
afflicted	VBN
with	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
early	JJ
teenage	JJ
years	NNS
.	.
Over	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
ten	CD
years	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
hospitalized	VBN
26	CD
times	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
these	DT
hospitalizations	NNS
were	VBD
quite	RB
unpleasant	JJ
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
illness	NN
,	,
various	JJ
psychiatrists	NNS
labeled	VBN
me	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
``	``
chronic	JJ
anorexic	JJ
''	''
,	,
and	CC
``	``
schizophrenic	JJ
''	''
among	IN
other	JJ
things	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
family	NN
was	VBD
told	VBN
that	IN
I	PRP
``	``
would	MD
never	RB
get	VB
well	RB
''	''
and	CC
that	IN
they	PRP
should	MD
just	RB
place	VB
me	PRP
in	IN
a	DT
State	NNP
Hospital	NNP
because	IN
,	,
I	PRP
``	``
would	MD
end	VB
up	RP
there	EX
one	CD
way	NN
or	CC
another	DT
''	''
.	.
Today	NN
,	,
I	PRP
laugh	NN
to	TO
think	VB
that	IN
anyone	NN
could	MD
have	VB
thought	VBN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
schizophrenic	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
never	RB
schizophrenic	JJ
,	,
not	RB
even	RB
close	VB
.	.
It	PRP
just	RB
goes	VBZ
to	TO
show	VB
how	WRB
anorexia	NN
and	CC
the	DT
starvation	NN
process	NN
distorts	VBZ
your	PRP$
mind	NN
and	CC
your	PRP$
thinking	NN
.	.
Today	NN
I	NNP
am	VBP
fully	RB
recovered	VBN
leading	VBG
a	DT
happy	JJ
,	,
full	JJ
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
graduated	VBD
from	IN
college	NN
Summa	NNP
Cum	NNP
Laude	NNP
,	,
third	JJ
in	IN
my	PRP$
class	NN
,	,
with	IN
a	DT
Bachelor	NN
of	IN
Arts	NNS
Degree	NNP
in	IN
Nursing	NNP
.	.
The	DT
energy	NN
that	WDT
had	VBD
once	RB
been	VBN
wasted	VBN
trying	VBG
to	TO
achieve	VB
``	``
the	DT
perfect	JJ
thinness	NN
''	''
has	VBZ
been	VBN
channeled	VBN
into	IN
other	JJ
more	RBR
productive	JJ
areas	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
currently	RB
work	VBP
as	IN
a	DT
registered	VBN
nurse	NN
in	IN
a	DT
combined	VBN
pediatric	JJ
-	:
neonatal	JJ
intensive	JJ
care	NN
unit	NN
.	.
This	DT
coming	VBG
Fall	NN
1997	CD
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
returning	VBG
to	TO
graduate	JJ
school	NN
to	TO
pursue	VB
a	DT
Master	NNP
of	IN
Science	NNP
Degree	NNP
in	IN
Psychiatric-Mental	NNP
Health	NNP
Nursing	NNP
.	.
Upon	IN
completion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
eligible	JJ
for	IN
Clinical	NNP
Nurse	NNP
Specialist	NNP
certification	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
others	NNS
afflicted	VBN
with	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
this	DT
goal	NN
,	,
in	IN
my	PRP$
spare	JJ
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
written	VBN
a	DT
book	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
titled	VBN
the	DT
book	NN
,	,
``	``
Growing	VBG
Wings	NNS
to	TO
Fly	VB
:	:
A	DT
Journey	NNP
into	IN
the	DT
Depths	NNP
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
and	CC
Back	NNP
Again	NNP
''	''
.	.
The	DT
book	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
autobiographical	JJ
account	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
ten	CD
year	NN
battle	NN
with	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
with	IN
emphasis	NN
on	IN
the	DT
recovery	NN
process	NN
.	.
The	DT
book	NN
culminates	VBZ
with	IN
a	DT
section	NN
of	IN
poetry	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
written	VBN
by	IN
my	PRP$
sister	NN
during	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
affliction	NN
.	.
I	PRP
included	VBD
the	DT
poetry	NN
to	TO
give	VB
the	DT
work	NN
perspective	NN
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
my	PRP$
sister	NN
,	,
you	PRP
write	VBP
it	PRP
from	IN
your	PRP$
end	NN
now	RB
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
heard	VBN
the	DT
poems	NNS
which	WDT
mourned	VBD
you	PRP
,	,
the	DT
early	JJ
do	VBP
n't	RB
dies	VBZ
,	,
the	DT
closet	NN
,	,
the	DT
dark	JJ
satin	NN
mouth	NN
,	,
the	DT
flesh	NN
evaporating	VBG
in	IN
air	NN
.	.
And	CC
the	DT
new	JJ
one	CD
,	,
the	DT
--	:
she	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
sister	NN
,	,
the	DT
nurse	NN
,	,
the	DT
catapult	VBP
Minnesota	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Wisconsin	NNP
woman	NN
.	.
I	PRP
say	VBP
try	VB
to	TO
count	VB
her	PRP
,	,
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
,	,
she	PRP
moves	VBZ
on	IN
feet	NNS
like	IN
anyone	NN
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
there	RB
when	WRB
Mom	NN
weighed	VBD
you	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
little	JJ
sister	NN
.	.
I	PRP
stood	VBD
watch	NN
.	.
Under	IN
my	PRP$
skull	NN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
darkness	NN
of	IN
flesh	NN
,	,
I	PRP
could	MD
see	VB
the	DT
weights	NNS
,	,
solemn	JJ
black	JJ
metal	NN
,	,
hard	RB
,	,
un-jarred	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
space	NN
your	PRP$
breasts	NNS
had	VBD
left	VBN
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
you	PRP
hid	VBD
them	PRP
in	IN
your	PRP$
bra	NN
,	,
ankle	NN
weights	NNS
,	,
their	PRP$
steel	NN
nipples	VBZ
un-fed	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
mouth	NN
closed	VBD
over	IN
words	NNS
which	WDT
sat	VBD
,	,
bead-like	JJ
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
dark	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
cheek	NN
.	.
Or	CC
the	DT
other	JJ
,	,
the	DT
--	:
you	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
remember	VB
.	.
The	DT
long	JJ
night	NN
you	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
sleep	VB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
home	NN
on	IN
a	DT
visit	NN
,	,
next	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
on	IN
the	DT
floor	NN
.	.
Outside	IN
the	DT
night	NN
would	MD
not	RB
end	VB
.	.
She	PRP
sat	VBD
on	IN
her	PRP$
heels	NNS
rocking	VBG
,	,
the	DT
windows	NNS
stretched	VBD
up	RB
and	CC
up	RB
.	.
You	PRP
took	VBD
pills	NNS
as	IN
mom	NN
brought	VBD
them	PRP
.	.
The	DT
couch	NN
was	VBD
very	RB
still	RB
.	.
You	PRP
were	VBD
saying	VBG
no.	NN
My	PRP$
name	NN
is	VBZ
Josie	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
so	RB
overwhelmed	JJ
reading	VBG
all	PDT
the	DT
article	NN
on	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
web	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
amazing	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
love	VBP
to	TO
read	VB
all	PDT
the	DT
articles	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
real	JJ
people	NNS
out	IN
there	RB
both	DT
suffering	VBG
and	CC
in	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
that	IN
we	PRP
can	MD
all	DT
work	VB
together	RB
to	TO
prevent	VB
this	DT
awful	JJ
disease	NN
from	IN
happening	VBG
to	TO
all	PDT
the	DT
other	JJ
beautiful	JJ
people	NNS
in	IN
this	DT
world	NN
.	.
I	PRP
too	RB
like	IN
many	JJ
decided	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
into	IN
the	DT
professional	JJ
field	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Social	NNP
Worker	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
help	VB
other	JJ
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
awful	JJ
experience	NN
in	IN
society	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
help	VB
others	NNS
not	RB
go	VB
through	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
did	VBD
.	.
You	PRP
see	VBP
,	,
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
admitted	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
`	``
think	VB
'	''
I	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
they	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
put	VBD
me	PRP
in	IN
a	DT
`	``
psych	NN
'	''
ward	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
there	RB
for	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
months	NNS
and	CC
just	RB
got	VBD
more	JJR
and	CC
more	JJR
sick	JJ
.	.
After	IN
that	DT
is	VBZ
was	VBD
going	VBG
from	IN
one	CD
doctor	NN
to	TO
another	DT
,	,
being	VBG
referred	VBN
to	TO
different	JJ
doctors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
waiting	VBG
and	CC
waiting	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
assessed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
Hospital	NN
in	IN
Toronto	NNP
was	VBD
Toronto	NNP
General	NNP
Hospital	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
waited	VBD
approximately	RB
2	CD
years	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
in	IN
.	.
During	IN
that	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
met	VBD
a	DT
great	JJ
doctor	NN
who	WP
tried	VBD
to	TO
help	VB
me	PRP
.	.
He	PRP
worked	VBD
at	IN
an	DT
addiction	NN
center	NN
for	IN
drugs	NNS
and	CC
alcohol	NN
,	,
and	CC
he	PRP
help	VB
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
sent	VBN
to	TO
two	CD
treatment	NN
centers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
States	NNPS
,	,
I	PRP
got	VBD
kicked	VBD
out	RP
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
`	``
complying	VBG
'	''
Which	WDT
made	VBD
me	PRP
feel	VB
worse	JJR
when	WRB
I	PRP
got	VBD
home	NN
,	,
so	RB
things	NNS
just	RB
got	VBD
worse	JJR
and	CC
worse	JJR
and	CC
worse	JJR
.	.
And	CC
year	NN
of	IN
suffering	VBG
from	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
I	PRP
develop	VBP
physical	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
indispensable	JJ
,	,
not	RB
.	.
Well	RB
,	,
my	PRP$
stomach	NN
is	VBZ
all	DT
messed	VBN
up	RP
now	RB
;	:
liver	NN
,	,
pancreas	NN
,	,
digestion	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
take	VB
extra	JJ
care	NN
of	IN
myself	PRP
today	NN
and	CC
take	VB
myself	PRP
seriosly	RB
when	WRB
it	PRP
comes	VBZ
to	TO
my	PRP$
health	NN
.	.
During	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
`	``
B.S.	NN
'	''
from	IN
the	DT
`	``
system	NN
'	''
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
heart	NN
attack	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
in	IN
hospital	NN
again	RB
.	.
Since	IN
the	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
admitted	VBD
my	PRP$
disease	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
4\/5	CD
treatment	NN
centers	NNS
never	RB
lasted	VBD
because	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
torture	VB
in	IN
there	EX
and	CC
have	VBP
been	VBN
probed	VBN
by	IN
many	JJ
doctors	NNS
internally	RB
to	TO
discover	VB
all	DT
my	PRP$
health	NN
problems	NNS
today	NN
.	.
All	DT
because	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
To	TO
all	PDT
the	DT
sufferers	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
actively	RB
in	IN
their	PRP$
illness	NN
,	,
it	PRP
will	MD
catch	VB
up	RP
to	TO
you	PRP
,	,
are	VBP
bodies	NNS
can	MD
only	RB
take	VB
so	RB
much	JJ
abuse	NN
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
could	MD
never	RB
be	VB
ill.	JJ
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
Today	NN
I	NNP
try	VBP
to	TO
live	VB
a	DT
well	RB
balance	NN
life	NN
,	,
with	IN
healthy	JJ
foods	NNS
,	,
moderate	JJ
exercise	NN
and	CC
relaxing	VBG
taking	VBG
time	NN
out	RP
for	IN
myself	PRP
thus	RB
,	,
growing	VBG
spiritually	RB
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
so	RB
important	JJ
in	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Because	IN
during	IN
the	DT
illness	NN
for	IN
are	VBP
so	RB
far	RB
gone	VBN
from	IN
who	WP
we	PRP
truly	RB
are	VBP
.	.
And	CC
as	IN
you	PRP
venture	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
road	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
all	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
!	.
All	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
!	.
Gorgeous	JJ
beauties	NNS
out	IN
there	RB
will	MD
realize	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
beautiful	JJ
.	.
Take	VB
the	DT
journey	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
.	.
Find	VB
yourself	PRP
.	.
Find	VB
the	DT
beauty	NN
that	WDT
's	VBZ
inside	RB
.	.
Think	VB
about	IN
it	PRP
,	,
with	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
and	CC
effort	NN
we	PRP
put	VBD
into	IN
our	PRP$
illness	NN
,	,
what	WP
we	PRP
could	MD
find	VB
out	RP
what	WP
we	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
to	TO
recover	VB
.	.
Get	VB
on	IN
the	DT
journey	NN
.	.
Show	NNP
the	DT
world	NN
what	WP
a	DT
great	JJ
person	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
Stop	NNP
destroying	VBG
yourself	PRP
.	.
We	PRP
need	VBP
you	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
were	VBD
born	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
reason	NN
.	.
To	TO
be	VB
who	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
Let	VB
someone	NN
help	NN
you	PRP
get	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
path	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
do	VB
it	PRP
for	IN
yourself	PRP
now	RB
let	VBP
someone	NN
in	IN
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
its	PRP$
alot	NN
of	IN
work	NN
but	CC
its	PRP$
worth	JJ
the	DT
effort	NN
.	.
You	PRP
're	VBP
worth	IN
it	PRP
!	.
Love	NNP
You	PRP
all	DT
!	.
Love	NNP
Josie	NNP
.	.
After	IN
about	IN
2-3	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
getting	VBG
the	DT
hang	VB
of	IN
this	DT
,	,
ALL	NNP
the	DT
stuffed-away	JJ
feelings	NNS
from	IN
my	PRP$
difficult	JJ
childhood	NN
came	VBD
up	RP
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
still	RB
coming	VBG
up	RB
.	.
Things	NNS
scary	JJ
beyond	IN
belief	NN
.	.
Now	RB
I	PRP
see	VBP
why	WRB
I	PRP
ate	VBD
.	.
My	PRP$
continuing	VBG
job	NN
now	RB
is	VBZ
to	TO
process	VB
them	PRP
.	.
After	IN
suffering	VBG
from	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
for	IN
fourteen	CD
years	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
finally	RB
feel	VBP
liberated	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
depths	NNS
of	IN
despair	NN
.	.
If	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
for	IN
my	PRP$
husband	NN
I	PRP
probably	RB
never	RB
would	MD
have	VB
had	VBD
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
heal	VB
.	.
He	PRP
loves	VBZ
me	PRP
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WP
I	PRP
look	VBP
like	IN
and	CC
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WDT
state	NN
of	IN
mind	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
tough	JJ
road	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
sometimes	RB
helpful	JJ
to	TO
think	VB
of	IN
gaining	VBG
health	NN
as	IN
a	DT
big	JJ
experiment	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
easy	JJ
to	TO
go	VB
back	RB
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
.	.
But	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
lot	RB
better	JJR
on	IN
the	DT
way	NN
DOWN	RB
the	DT
hill	NN
than	IN
constantly	RB
fighting	VBG
and	CC
chastising	VBG
oneself	NN
and	CC
trying	VBG
to	TO
make	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
TOP	NNP
of	IN
Recovery	NNP
Mountain	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
truly	RB
believe	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
made	VBN
up	IN
of	IN
so	RB
many	JJ
different	JJ
parts	NNS
that	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
never	RB
be	VB
totaled	VBN
up	RP
into	IN
one	CD
perfect	JJ
number	NN
.	.
Instead	RB
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
see	VB
the	DT
truth	NN
that	IN
all	DT
my	PRP$
parts	NNS
and	CC
feelings	NNS
are	VBP
perfectly	RB
joined	VBN
to	TO
make	VB
me	PRP
,	,
in	IN
all	DT
my	PRP$
uniqueness	NN
,	,
me	PRP
.	.
Hi	FW
my	PRP$
name	NN
is	VBZ
Cindy	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
struggling	VBG
with	IN
bulimia	NN
for	IN
10	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
read	VBN
many	JJ
letters	NNS
from	IN
these	DT
web	NN
pages	NNS
and	CC
all	DT
touch	NN
my	PRP$
heart	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
27	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
and	CC
started	VBD
this	DT
disorder	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
17	CD
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
it	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
God	NNP
send	VBP
because	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
eat	VB
whatever	WDT
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
without	IN
gaining	VBG
the	DT
weight	NN
.	.
It	PRP
became	VBD
my	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
only	JJ
coping	VBG
mechanism	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
parents	NNS
had	VBD
always	RB
expected	VBN
a	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
out	IN
of	IN
me	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
became	VBD
a	DT
perfectionist	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
accepted	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
USCG	NNP
Academy	NNP
and	CC
found	VBD
I	PRP
had	VBD
chosen	VBN
a	DT
difficult	JJ
road	NN
to	TO
travel	VB
down	RP
.	.
There	EX
was	VBD
daily	JJ
drilling	NN
,	,
sports	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
academics	NNS
were	VBD
very	RB
challenging	JJ
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
in	IN
the	DT
top	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
class	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
know	VB
what	WP
to	TO
do	VB
.	.
I	PRP
turned	VBD
to	TO
food	NN
for	IN
those	DT
four	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
college	NN
and	CC
found	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
cope	VB
without	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
usually	RB
binge	NN
and	CC
purge	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
4	CD
times	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
,	,
more	JJR
if	IN
there	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
test	NN
or	CC
paper	NN
due	JJ
the	DT
next	JJ
day	NN
.	.
After	IN
college	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
assigened	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
cutter	NN
in	IN
California	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
excited	VBN
about	IN
getting	VBG
as	RB
far	RB
away	RB
from	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
as	IN
posible	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
could	MD
make	VB
a	DT
fresh	JJ
start	NN
.	.
Food	NNP
became	VBD
my	PRP$
coping	VBG
mechanism	NN
through	IN
those	DT
2	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
went	VBD
off	RB
and	CC
on	IN
with	IN
therapy	NN
,	,
never	RB
finding	VBG
anyone	NN
I	PRP
though	RB
was	VBD
good	JJ
enough	JJ
or	CC
who	WP
understood	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
Now	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
Key	NNP
West	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
married	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
very	RB
loving	JJ
husband	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
grown	VBN
and	CC
learned	VBN
so	RB
much	RB
from	IN
my	PRP$
struggles	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
been	VBN
there	RB
as	IN
support	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
found	VBN
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
therapist	NN
who	WP
finally	RB
made	VBD
me	PRP
see	VB
the	DT
``	``
light	NN
.	.
''	''
Inorder	NN
to	TO
beat	VB
this	DT
disease	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
understand	VB
it	PRP
and	CC
love	VB
me	PRP
the	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
disorder	NN
and	CC
all	DT
my	PRP$
other	JJ
emotional	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
realize	VB
that	IN
the	DT
Bulimia	NNP
was	VBD
a	DT
symptom	NN
of	IN
something	NN
deeper	JJR
inside	IN
me	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
discover	VB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
working	VBG
hard	RB
every	DT
day	NN
to	TO
find	VB
new	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
my	PRP$
self	NN
and	CC
above	IN
all	DT
,	,
love	VBP
the	DT
person	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
regardless	RB
of	IN
what	WP
other	JJ
people	NNS
think	VBP
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
very	RB
,	,
very	RB
difficult	JJ
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
made	VBN
progress	NN
by	IN
leaps	NNS
and	CC
bounds	NNS
over	IN
this	DT
past	JJ
year	NN
and	CC
one-half	NN
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
actually	RB
say	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
happy	JJ
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
and	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
look	VB
at	IN
myself	PRP
without	IN
horror	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
also	RB
still	RB
have	VB
those	DT
really	RB
down	JJ
days	NNS
where	WRB
food	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
only	JJ
thing	NN
that	WDT
helps	VBZ
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
taken	VBN
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
for	IN
this	DT
``	``
self-recovery	JJ
''	''
to	TO
happen	VB
and	CC
I	PRP
know	VBP
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
long	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
go	VB
,	,
but	CC
this	DT
disease	NN
can	MD
be	VB
beaten	VBN
with	IN
love	NN
,	,
support	NN
,	,
and	CC
understanding	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
just	RB
a	DT
few	JJ
months	NNS
ago	IN
when	WRB
I	PRP
posted	VBD
my	PRP$
letter	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
story	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
the	DT
Remember	VB
it	PRP
hurts	VBZ
...	:
section	NN
of	IN
the	DT
website	NN
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
barely	RB
had	VBD
a	DT
grasp	NN
at	IN
that	DT
point	NN
on	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
to	TO
work	VB
out	RP
I	PRP
have	VBP
made	VBN
lots	NNS
of	IN
friends	NNS
through	IN
this	DT
website	NN
and	CC
they	PRP
have	VBP
all	DT
helped	VBD
me	PRP
so	RB
much	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
unbelievable	JJ
I	PRP
am	VBP
sure	JJ
that	IN
they	PRP
know	VBP
who	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
thank	VB
them	PRP
for	IN
being	VBG
here	RB
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
let	VB
them	PRP
know	VB
I	PRP
am	VBP
always	RB
here	RB
for	IN
them	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
visit	VBP
this	DT
website	NN
religiously	RB
,	,
and	CC
print	VBP
out	RP
any	DT
new	JJ
submissions	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
contact	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
those	DT
that	WDT
are	VBP
reaching	VBG
out	RP
for	IN
help	NN
,	,
and	CC
keep	VB
in	IN
close	JJ
contact	NN
with	IN
those	DT
that	WDT
have	VBP
helped	VBN
me	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
fiance	NN
Mike	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
tremendous	JJ
support	NN
system	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
he	PRP
is	VBZ
just	RB
great	JJ
.	.
He	PRP
never	RB
had	VBD
an	DT
idea	NN
what	WDT
bulimia	NN
and	CC
anorexia	NN
entailed	VBD
and	CC
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
going	VBG
through	IN
,	,
no	DT
matter	NN
how	WRB
I	PRP
feel	VBP
,	,
what	WP
I	PRP
tell	VBP
him	PRP
about	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
my	PRP$
past	NN
,	,
anything	NN
,	,
he	PRP
listens	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
accepts	VBZ
that	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
love	VBP
him	PRP
so	RB
much	RB
for	IN
this	DT
.	.
and	CC
I	PRP
count	VBP
myself	PRP
VERY	RB
lucky	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
someone	NN
as	IN
accepting	VBG
and	CC
understanding	VBG
as	IN
he	PRP
is	VBZ
.	.
I	PRP
joined	VBD
the	DT
World	NNP
Gym	NNP
in	IN
Edgewater	NNP
,	,
NJ	NNP
on	IN
October	NNP
19	CD
,	,
1996	CD
.	.
The	DT
gym	NN
gives	VBZ
you	PRP
three	CD
complimentary	JJ
weight	NN
training	NN
sessions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
physical	JJ
evaluation	NN
.	.
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
owners	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
gym	NN
,	,
Sal	NNP
,	,
took	VBD
the	DT
spot	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
my	PRP$
trainer	NN
.	.
Those	DT
three	CD
days	NNS
were	VBD
an	DT
amazing	JJ
experience	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
...	:
I	PRP
realized	VBD
that	IN
exercise	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
weight	NN
loss	NN
technique	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
feel	VB
great	JJ
and	CC
be	VB
fit	VBN
and	CC
healthy	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
then	RB
hired	VBD
Sal	NNP
to	TO
be	VB
my	PRP$
personal	JJ
trainer	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
still	RB
training	VBG
with	IN
him	PRP
to	TO
this	DT
day	NN
.	.
Sal	NNP
has	VBZ
taught	VBN
me	PRP
about	IN
eating	VBG
,	,
moderate	JJ
exercise	NN
,	,
weight	NN
training	NN
,	,
fitness	NN
,	,
endurance	NN
,	,
strength	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
but	CC
most	RBS
importantly	RB
,	,
the	DT
WONDERFUL	NNP
motivator	NN
that	IN
he	PRP
is	VBZ
,	,
he	PRP
has	VBZ
taught	VBN
me	PRP
about	IN
self-confidence	NN
,	,
self-discipline	NN
,	,
self-respect	NN
,	,
inner	JJ
strength	NN
,	,
a	DT
positive	JJ
attitude	NN
,	,
fortitude	NN
,	,
and	CC
so	RB
many	JJ
other	JJ
personal	JJ
characteristics	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
lacking	VBG
all	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
now	RB
have	VBP
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
a	DT
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
self-worth	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
never	RB
had	VBN
.	.
And	CC
every	DT
day	NN
it	PRP
gets	VBZ
better	JJR
and	CC
better	JJR
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
all	DT
starting	VBG
to	TO
come	VB
together	RB
for	IN
me	PRP
now	RB
.	.
Since	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
put	VB
food	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
obsession	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
proper	JJ
places	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
bombarded	VBN
with	IN
all	DT
kinds	NNS
of	IN
feelings	NNS
inside	IN
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
so	RB
many	JJ
issues	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
must	MD
deal	VB
with	IN
to	TO
become	VB
healthier	RBR
emotionally	RB
and	CC
mentally	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
dealing	VBG
with	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
best	JJS
of	IN
my	PRP$
ability	NN
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
SO	RB
hard	JJ
sometimes	RB
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
just	RB
do	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
debating	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
days	NNS
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
to	TO
write	VB
a	DT
recovery	NN
letter	NN
.	.
Part	NN
of	IN
me	PRP
felt	VBD
like	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
``	``
recovered	VBD
''	''
enough	RB
to	TO
write	VB
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
other	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
me	PRP
realized	VBD
the	DT
desire	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
recover	VB
after	IN
reading	VBG
several	JJ
letters	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
``	``
Remember	VB
...	:
it	PRP
hurt	VBD
's	POS
inside	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
''	''
section	NN
.	.
It	PRP
reminded	VBD
me	PRP
how	WRB
miserable	JJ
it	PRP
felt	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
the	DT
mist	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
ever	RB
want	VB
to	TO
be	VB
that	IN
miserable	JJ
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
wish	VBP
I	PRP
could	MD
share	VB
a	DT
``	``
perfect	JJ
''	''
recovery	NN
story	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
can	MD
only	RB
share	VB
my	PRP$
struggle	NN
for	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
After	IN
five	CD
more	JJR
years	NNS
of	IN
active	JJ
bulimia	NN
,	,
I	PRP
became	VBD
tired	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
chronic	NN
sore	JJ
throats	NNS
,	,
the	DT
puffy	JJ
cheeks	NNS
,	,
the	DT
decrease	NN
in	IN
energy	NN
,	,
the	DT
trash	NN
cans	NNS
filled	VBN
with	IN
emplty	JJ
food	NN
containers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
disgusting	JJ
waste	NN
which	WDT
clogged	VBD
up	RP
the	DT
sewer	NN
lines	NNS
several	JJ
times	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
not	RB
only	RB
saw	VBD
it	PRP
shattering	VBG
my	PRP$
physical	JJ
appearance	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
saw	VBD
it	PRP
shattering	VBG
my	PRP$
social	JJ
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
lost	VBN
most	RBS
contact	VB
with	IN
prior	RB
high	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
college	NN
friends	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
engage	VB
in	IN
dating	VBG
for	IN
four	CD
straight	JJ
years	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
although	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
irresponsibly	RB
sexually	RB
active	JJ
without	IN
emotional	JJ
attachment	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
saw	VBD
my	PRP$
extroverted	JJ
prior	JJ
self	NN
turn	NN
into	IN
an	DT
introverted	JJ
unknown	NN
self	NN
.	.
During	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
somehow	RB
managed	VBN
to	TO
earn	VB
my	PRP$
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
from	IN
college	NN
,	,
although	IN
it	PRP
took	VBD
five	CD
and	CC
a	DT
half	NN
years	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
transfer	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
then	RB
managed	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
hired	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
Rehabilitation	NNP
Counselor	NNP
at	IN
a	DT
prison	NN
for	IN
mentally	RB
ill	JJ
inmates	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Corrections	NNP
allowed	VBD
me	PRP
time	NN
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
a	DT
year	NN
program	NN
to	TO
earn	VB
certification	NN
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
substance	NN
abuse	NN
counseling	NN
,	,
so	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
might	MD
provide	VB
these	DT
services	NNS
to	TO
dual	JJ
diagnosed	VBN
offenders	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
during	IN
this	DT
time	NN
that	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
addiction	NN
and	CC
recovery	NN
rekindled	VBD
a	DT
flame	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
review	VB
the	DT
recovery	NN
techniques	NNS
used	VBN
during	IN
my	PRP$
hospitalization	NN
stay	NN
.	.
This	DT
time	NN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
more	RBR
applicable	JJ
as	IN
my	PRP$
disease	NN
had	VBD
progressed	VBN
closer	RBR
to	TO
``	``
rock-bottom	NN
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
crave	VB
the	DT
recovery	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
shown	VBN
to	TO
me	PRP
by	IN
recovering	VBG
substance	NN
abusers	NNS
during	IN
my	PRP$
training	NN
.	.
As	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
began	VBD
trying	VBG
to	TO
restore	VB
recovery	NN
by	IN
attending	VBG
O.A.	NNP
Meetings	NNS
,	,
contacting	VBG
old	JJ
friends	NNS
made	VBN
during	IN
treatment	NN
,	,
and	CC
pursing	VBG
medication	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
anxiety	NN
and	CC
obsessive\/complusive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
,	,
a	DT
string	NN
of	IN
events	NNS
triggered	VBD
a	DT
lapse	NN
:	:
the	DT
grieving	VBG
encountered	VBN
from	IN
death	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
grandmother	NN
in	IN
October	NNP
of	IN
1996	CD
,	,
the	DT
jealousy	NN
of	IN
seeing	VBG
the	DT
significant	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
my	PRP$
sister	NN
had	VBD
lost	VBN
during	IN
her	PRP$
third	JJ
semester	NN
of	IN
college	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
stress	NN
from	IN
reaching	VBG
the	DT
year	NN
anniversary	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
decision	NN
to	TO
cease	VB
contact	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
mother	NN
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
initiating	VBG
recovery	NN
.	.
During	IN
this	DT
lapse	NN
,	,
I	PRP
became	VBD
severly	RB
depressed	JJ
,	,
began	VBD
missing	VBG
work	NN
upon	IN
days	NNS
end	VBP
without	IN
even	RB
attempting	VBG
to	TO
call	VB
my	PRP$
supervisor	NN
with	IN
explanations	NNS
,	,
went	VBD
days	NNS
without	IN
showering	NN
,	,
and	CC
only	RB
awoke	VBD
from	IN
sleep	NN
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
Purging	VBG
even	RB
ceased	VBN
.	.
Considering	VBG
this	DT
lapse	NN
lasted	VBD
from	IN
October	NNP
until	IN
December	NNP
of	IN
1996	CD
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
amazing	JJ
to	TO
believe	VB
how	WRB
much	JJ
I	PRP
have	VBP
improved	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
where	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
today	NN
if	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
for	IN
the	DT
support	NN
and	CC
concern	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
supervisor	NN
and	CC
co-workers	NNS
,	,
a	DT
close	JJ
friend	NN
,	,
a	DT
new	JJ
therapist	NN
,	,
and	CC
most	JJS
importantly	RB
God	NNP
.	.
Where	WRB
am	VBP
I	PRP
today	NN
?	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
back	RB
at	IN
work	NN
full-time	RB
,	,
trying	VBG
to	TO
maintain	VB
three	CD
meals	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
without	IN
restriction	NN
or	CC
binging	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
reviewing	VBG
the	DT
warning	NN
signs	NNS
which	WDT
led	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
relapse	NN
.	.
God	NNP
has	VBZ
allowed	VBN
me	PRP
to	TO
see	VB
that	DT
when	WRB
I	PRP
first	RB
rekindled	VBD
the	DT
spark	VB
for	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
too	RB
far	RB
gone	VBN
to	TO
pull	VB
up	RP
from	IN
hitting	VBG
rock	NN
bottom	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
I	PRP
was	VBD
shown	VBN
the	DT
misery	NN
I	PRP
experienced	VBD
during	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
quarter	NN
of	IN
1996	CD
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
know	VB
that	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
work	VB
on	IN
recovery	NN
day	NN
to	TO
day	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
next	JJ
relapse	NN
will	MD
be	VB
worse	JJR
than	IN
my	PRP$
last	JJ
lapse	NN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
I	PRP
have	VBP
alot	VBN
of	IN
issues	NNS
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
:	:
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
assertiveness	NN
,	,
self-esteem	NN
,	,
using	VBG
food	NN
to	TO
become	VB
healthy	JJ
and	CC
not	RB
to	TO
survive	VB
emotional	JJ
roller-coasters	NNS
.	.
Just	RB
in	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
two	CD
weeks	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
able	JJ
to	TO
enjoy	VB
food	NN
rather	RB
than	IN
viewing	VBG
it	PRP
as	IN
an	DT
enemy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
struggling	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
physical	JJ
adjustments	NNS
my	PRP$
body	NN
is	VBZ
having	VBG
to	TO
endure	VB
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
I	PRP
feel	VBP
extremely	RB
full	JJ
and	CC
bloated	JJ
after	IN
meals	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
body	NN
is	VBZ
still	RB
learning	VBG
when	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
actually	RB
hungry	JJ
and	CC
full	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
,	,
though	RB
,	,
that	IN
I	PRP
desire	VBP
to	TO
aquire	VB
a	DT
normal	JJ
metabolism	NN
and	CC
normal	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
,	,
not	RB
to	TO
mention	VB
a	DT
normal	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
human	JJ
beings	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
other	JJ
impulsive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
that	WDT
went	VBD
along	IN
with	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
:	:
compulsive	JJ
spending	NN
,	,
irregular	JJ
sleep	NN
habits	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
funny	JJ
I	PRP
should	MD
mention	VB
this	DT
as	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
writing	VBG
at	IN
2:00	CD
a.m.	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
complusive	JJ
cleaning	NN
,	,
excessive	JJ
exercise	NN
,	,
perfectionism	NN
,	,
and	CC
workaholism	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
learning	VBG
to	TO
enjoy	VB
old	JJ
habits	NNS
that	WDT
were	VBD
replaced	VBN
by	IN
bulimia	NN
:	:
writing	VBG
poetry	NN
,	,
sleigh-riding	NN
with	IN
cousins	NNS
,	,
attending	VBG
church	NN
,	,
singing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
choir	NN
.	.
If	IN
feels	VBZ
good	JJ
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
so	RB
wrapped	VBN
up	RP
in	IN
self-pity	NN
.	.
Recovery	NN
to	TO
me	PRP
is	VBZ
giving	VBG
up	RP
the	DT
securities	NNS
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
offers	NNS
,	,
giving	VBG
up	RP
my	PRP$
introverted	JJ
unknown	JJ
self	NN
,	,
and	CC
unleashing	VBG
my	PRP$
extroverted	JJ
prior	JJ
self	NN
.	.
P.S.	NNP
When	WRB
the	DT
voice	NN
of	IN
bulimia	NN
past	NN
begins	VBZ
to	TO
creep	VB
back	RB
in	IN
your	PRP$
mind	NN
,	,
just	RB
access	NN
the	DT
``	``
In	IN
Memory	NN
''	''
section	NN
of	IN
``	``
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
's	POS
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Site	NNP
.	.
''	''
It	PRP
will	MD
quickly	RB
demolish	VB
your	PRP$
defense	NN
mechanisms	NNS
,	,
make	VBP
you	PRP
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
listening	VBG
to	TO
that	DT
voice	NN
,	,
and	CC
will	MD
help	VB
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
voice	NN
tell	VBP
the	DT
bulimia	NN
voice	NN
to	TO
``	``
go	VB
fish	RB
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
was	VBD
diagnosed	VBN
eight	CD
years	NNS
ago	IN
with	IN
anorexia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
probably	RB
could	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
diagnosed	VBN
fifteen	CD
years	NNS
before	IN
that	DT
,	,
but	CC
no	DT
one	NN
was	VBD
paying	VBG
any	DT
attention	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
father	NN
force-fed	VBD
me	PRP
and	CC
the	DT
other	JJ
children	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
frequently	RB
from	IN
early	JJ
childhood	NN
until	IN
I	PRP
left	VBD
home	NN
at	IN
seventeen	CD
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
obsessed	VBN
with	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
back	RB
then	RB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
extremely	RB
depressed	JJ
and	CC
obsessed	VBN
on	IN
suicide	NN
.	.
Things	NNS
were	VBD
really	RB
difficult	JJ
at	IN
home	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
ever	RB
act	VB
in	IN
a	DT
way	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
keep	VB
things	NNS
from	IN
blowing	VBG
up	RP
.	.
I	PRP
hated	VBD
myself	PRP
and	CC
felt	VBD
different	JJ
from	IN
everyone	NN
else	RB
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
as	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
were	VBD
on	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
planet	NN
from	IN
everyone	NN
else	RB
.	.
I	PRP
knew	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
ugly	JJ
and	CC
would	MD
never	RB
be	VB
pretty	RB
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
sold	VBN
my	PRP$
soul	NN
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
I	PRP
began	VBD
drinking	VBG
at	IN
sixteen	CD
.	.
That	DT
helped	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
just	RB
not	RB
care	VB
that	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
was	VBD
miserable	JJ
and	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
control	NN
over	IN
what	WP
was	VBD
happening	VBG
.	.
It	PRP
made	VBD
it	PRP
easier	JJR
to	TO
do	VB
things	NNS
that	WDT
got	VBD
me	PRP
away	RB
from	IN
home	NN
and	CC
to	TO
maintain	VB
a	DT
double	JJ
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
used	VBD
to	TO
tell	VB
myself	PRP
that	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
get	VB
better	JJR
when	WRB
I	PRP
got	VBD
older	JJR
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
just	RB
got	VBD
worse	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
hated	VBD
eating	VBG
with	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
and	CC
got	VBD
thrown	VBN
out	IN
of	IN
dinner	NN
often	RB
because	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
keep	VB
my	PRP$
mouth	NN
shut	VBN
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
comfortable	JJ
eating	NN
was	VBD
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
by	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
easily	RB
forget	VB
to	TO
eat	VB
for	IN
two	CD
or	CC
three	CD
days	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
time	NN
.	.
Not	RB
eating	VBG
gave	VBD
me	PRP
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
control	NN
over	IN
something	NN
.	.
By	IN
the	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
got	VBD
sober	JJ
at	IN
age	NN
22	CD
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
barely	RB
eating	VBG
at	IN
all	DT
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
always	RB
been	VBN
very	RB
thin	JJ
and	CC
though	RB
,	,
at	IN
that	DT
point	NN
,	,
weight	NN
was	VBD
still	RB
not	RB
an	DT
issue	NN
,	,
the	DT
idea	NN
of	IN
gaining	VBG
weight	NN
did	VBD
n't	RB
appeal	VB
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
gone	VBN
to	TO
college	NN
and	CC
graduated	VBD
and	CC
had	VBD
a	DT
job	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
still	RB
was	VBD
n't	RB
``	``
old	JJ
enough	JJ
''	''
to	TO
be	VB
okay	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
got	VBD
married	VBN
.	.
Four	CD
years	NNS
later	RB
,	,
my	PRP$
marriage	NN
was	VBD
n't	RB
in	IN
good	JJ
shape	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
the	DT
perfect	JJ
job	NN
and	CC
a	DT
home	NN
,	,
but	CC
on	IN
the	DT
inside	NN
I	PRP
knew	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
good	JJ
enough	RB
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
gained	VBN
weight	NN
over	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
and	CC
was	VBD
up	RB
to	TO
the	DT
low	JJ
side	NN
of	IN
a	DT
normal	JJ
weight	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
height	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
become	VBN
depressed	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
a	DT
medical	JJ
problem	NN
and	CC
started	VBD
struggling	VBG
to	TO
find	VB
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
feel	VB
better	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
value	VBP
my	PRP$
sobriety	NN
above	IN
everything	NN
,	,
and	CC
drinking	NN
was	VBD
n't	RB
an	DT
option	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
husband	NN
suggested	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
might	MD
firm	VB
up	RP
my	PRP$
muscle	NN
tone	NN
.	.
I	PRP
began	VBD
obsessing	VBG
on	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
Almost	RB
overnight	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
full-blown	JJ
anorexia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
vomitted	VBD
everything	NN
I	PRP
ate	VBD
,	,
exercised	VBN
fanatically	RB
,	,
ate	VBD
virtually	RB
nothing	NN
and	CC
weighed	VBD
myself	PRP
countless	JJ
times	NNS
each	DT
day	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
had	VBD
completely	RB
lost	VBN
control	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
sleep	VB
or	CC
function	VB
at	IN
work	NN
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
about	IN
nothing	NN
but	CC
losing	VBG
weight	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
hips	NNS
and	CC
thighs	NNS
looked	VBD
so	RB
big	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
so	RB
heavy	JJ
and	CC
fat	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
knew	VBD
I	PRP
would	MD
never	RB
lose	VB
enough	JJ
weight	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
stop	VB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
hospitalized	VBN
.	.
Thank	VB
God	NNP
for	IN
that	DT
,	,
because	IN
that	DT
helped	VBD
me	PRP
break	VB
the	DT
cycle	NN
.	.
I	PRP
lay	VBD
in	IN
that	DT
bed	NN
and	CC
prayed	VBD
to	TO
God	NNP
to	TO
stop	VB
my	PRP$
heart	NN
.	.
I	PRP
learned	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
things	NNS
that	WDT
had	VBD
helped	VBN
me	PRP
get	VB
sober	JJ
helped	VBN
with	IN
my	PRP$
anorexia	NN
,	,
too	RB
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
completely	RB
willing	JJ
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
any	DT
lengths	NNS
to	TO
recover	VB
.	.
No	DT
excuses	NNS
,	,
no	DT
reasons	NNS
,	,
no	DT
reservations	NNS
--	:
even	RB
if	IN
it	PRP
meant	VBD
I	PRP
gained	VBD
weight	NN
.	.
Taking	VBG
actions	NNS
contrary	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
felt	VBD
was	VBD
absolutely	RB
necessary	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
eat	VBP
whether	IN
I	PRP
feel	VBP
like	IN
it	PRP
or	CC
not	RB
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
the	DT
other	JJ
things	NNS
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
to	TO
be	VB
healthy	JJ
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WDT
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
experience	NN
that	IN
when	WRB
I	PRP
take	VBP
the	DT
actions	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
feelings	NNS
change	VBP
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
wait	VBP
to	TO
act	VB
until	IN
my	PRP$
feelings	NNS
change	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
wait	VB
forever	RB
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
early	RB
in	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
there	EX
were	VBD
certain	JJ
things	NNS
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
do	VB
,	,
especially	RB
if	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
feeling	VBG
low	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
get	VB
on	IN
the	DT
scale	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
still	RB
do	VBP
n't	RB
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
Numbers	NNS
are	VBP
n't	RB
important	JJ
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
sure	RB
went	VBD
crazy	JJ
over	IN
them	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
stand	VB
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
unless	IN
dressed	VBN
.	.
My	PRP$
mind	NN
saw	VBD
fat	JJ
that	DT
was	VBD
n't	RB
there	RB
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
starve	VB
,	,
skip	VB
meals	NNS
,	,
cheat	VB
on	IN
portions	NNS
,	,
purge	NN
,	,
vomit	NN
or	CC
start	VB
fights	NNS
right	RB
before	IN
meals	NNS
.	.
All	DT
of	IN
those	DT
were	VBD
attempts	NNS
to	TO
control	VB
my	PRP$
surroundings	NNS
and	CC
my	PRP$
feelings	NNS
inside	IN
and	CC
once	IN
I	PRP
start	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
stop	VB
without	IN
help	NN
.	.
There	EX
were	VBD
also	RB
things	NNS
I	PRP
did	VBD
do	VB
.	.
I	PRP
talked	VBD
to	TO
someone	NN
daily	RB
and	CC
honestly	RB
about	IN
how	WRB
I	PRP
felt	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
such	JJ
rage	NN
inside	IN
and	CC
I	PRP
directed	VBD
it	PRP
all	DT
at	IN
myself	PRP
because	IN
that	DT
seemed	VBD
more	RBR
conscionable	JJ
than	IN
raging	VBG
at	IN
others	NNS
.	.
That	DT
anger	NN
was	VBD
what	WP
I	PRP
saw	VBD
as	IN
fat	JJ
and	CC
felt	VBD
as	IN
heaviness	NN
.	.
I	PRP
found	VBD
other	JJ
people	NNS
who	WP
understood	VBD
the	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
thought	VBD
and	CC
felt	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
began	VBD
turning	VBG
my	PRP$
attention	NN
to	TO
what	WP
I	PRP
could	MD
do	VB
to	TO
be	VB
helpful	JJ
to	TO
others	NNS
.	.
That	DT
gave	VBD
me	PRP
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
relief	NN
from	IN
that	DT
fear	NN
about	IN
what	WP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
happen	VB
to	TO
me	PRP
when	WRB
people	NNS
found	VBD
out	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
good	JJ
enough	RB
.	.
That	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
fear	NN
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
such	JJ
lengths	NNS
to	TO
control	VB
by	IN
my	PRP$
anorexia	NN
.	.
The	DT
biggest	JJS
hurdle	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
fear	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
gain	VB
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
if	IN
I	PRP
ate	VBD
even	RB
one	CD
bite	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
thinking	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
the	DT
challenge	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
completely	RB
gone	VBN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
much	RB
better	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
almost	RB
always	RB
recognize	VB
it	PRP
for	IN
what	WP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
.	.
Just	RB
because	IN
I	PRP
think	VBP
it	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
mean	VB
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
it	PRP
.	.
As	IN
you	PRP
might	MD
imagine	VB
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
come	VBN
to	TO
see	VB
it	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
spiritual	JJ
malady	NN
,	,
like	IN
a	DT
hole	NN
in	IN
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
sought	VBN
one	CD
with	IN
the	DT
power	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
help	VB
me	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
required	VBN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
openmindedness	NN
on	IN
my	PRP$
part	NN
.	.
Today	NN
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
look	VB
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
in	IN
any	DT
condition	NN
and	CC
see	VB
a	DT
beautiful	JJ
woman	NN
of	IN
appropriate	JJ
,	,
but	CC
uncertain	JJ
,	,
weight	NN
,	,
who	WP
is	VBZ
a	DT
child	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
creator	NN
and	CC
who	WP
has	VBZ
a	DT
useful	JJ
place	NN
in	IN
this	DT
world	NN
.	.
The	DT
obsession	NN
over	IN
weight	NN
and	CC
control	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
removed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
n't	RB
found	VBN
it	PRP
necessary	JJ
to	TO
purge	VB
or	CC
vomit	VB
in	IN
nearly	RB
seven	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
fourteen	CD
years	NNS
sober	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
this	DT
gives	VBZ
some	DT
hope	NN
to	TO
someone	NN
.	.
I	PRP
spent	VBD
so	RB
many	JJ
years	NNS
without	IN
any	DT
that	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
I	PRP
survived	VBD
.	.
My	PRP$
sister	NN
still	RB
suffers	VBZ
terribly	RB
from	IN
this	DT
illness	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
afraid	JJ
I	PRP
'm	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
lose	VB
her	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
e-mail	NN
address	NN
is	VBZ
RANNPATT@aol.com	NNP
.	.
Who	WP
would	MD
know	VB
skipping	VBG
a	DT
few	JJ
meals	NNS
here	RB
and	CC
there	RB
and	CC
dieting	NN
could	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
slow	VB
and	CC
painful	JJ
death	NN
.	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
out	RP
by	IN
watching	VBG
what	WP
I	PRP
was	VBD
eating	VBG
and	CC
exercising	VBG
compulsive	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
perfect	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
compare	VB
myself	PRP
to	TO
others	NNS
constantly	RB
saying	VBG
how	WRB
fat	JJ
I	PRP
was	VBD
and	CC
how	WRB
perfect	JJ
they	PRP
were	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
like	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
nobody	NN
and	CC
needed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
to	TO
get	VB
noticed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
idea	NN
that	WDT
my	PRP$
thinking	NN
would	MD
turn	VB
to	TO
a	DT
total	JJ
nightmare	NN
.	.
The	DT
hell	NN
began	VBD
in	IN
1993	CD
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
cutting	VBG
back	RP
on	IN
my	PRP$
intake	NN
.	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
slow	JJ
and	CC
then	RB
became	VBD
bulimic	JJ
if	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
eat	VB
beacuse	NN
of	IN
feeling	VBG
so	RB
guilty	JJ
.	.
That	DT
never	RB
lasted	VBN
to	TO
long	RB
because	IN
the	DT
blood	NN
scared	VBD
me	PRP
after	IN
coughing	VBG
it	PRP
up	RP
.	.
I	PRP
then	RB
stoped	VBD
eating	VBG
fat	JJ
and	CC
then	RB
eventually	RB
was	VBD
eating	VBG
next	JJ
to	TO
nothing	NN
.	.
Not	RB
only	RB
did	VBD
I	PRP
loose	JJ
weight	NN
but	CC
I	PRP
lost	VBD
myself	PRP
I	PRP
was	VBD
nothing	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
walking	VBG
skeleton	NN
that	WDT
could	MD
not	RB
feel	VB
,	,
see	VB
,	,
or	CC
understand	VB
anything	NN
.	.
Suddenly	RB
the	DT
world	NN
was	VBD
moving	VBG
fast	RB
and	CC
became	VBD
such	PDT
a	DT
blurr	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
living	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
joys	NNS
of	IN
anorexia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
denied	VBD
my	PRP$
sickness	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
swore	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
control	NN
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
it	PRP
was	VBD
my	PRP$
idenity	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
bestest	JJS
friend	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
something	NN
I	PRP
turned	VBD
to	TO
for	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
longer	RBR
hadto	JJ
face	NN
this	DT
world	NN
and	CC
the	DT
problems	NNS
to	TO
go	VB
with	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
afraid	JJ
of	IN
letting	VBG
it	PRP
go	VB
for	IN
not	RB
knowing	VBG
who	WP
I	PRP
ould	VBD
become	VBN
or	CC
where	WRB
I	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
.	.
I	PRP
depended	VBD
on	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
begain	NN
to	TO
believe	VB
it	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
only	JJ
life	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
therapy	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
tried	VBD
everything	NN
but	CC
after	IN
awhile	RB
they	PRP
knew	VBD
it	PRP
was	VBD
hopeless	JJ
because	IN
I	PRP
failed	VBD
to	TO
listen	VB
.	.
The	DT
doctors	NNS
and	CC
therapist	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
of	IN
course	NN
thought	VBD
it	PRP
was	VBD
to	TO
late	RB
I	PRP
had	VBD
gone	VBN
to	TO
far	RB
they	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
wait	VB
to	TO
a	DT
bed	NN
was	VBD
open	JJ
in	IN
sick	JJ
kids	NNS
so	IN
they	PRP
admitted	VBD
me	PRP
in	IN
my	PRP$
local	JJ
hospital	NN
for	IN
the	DT
mean	JJ
time	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
horrible	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
I	PRP
hated	VBD
every	DT
minute	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
.	.
The	DT
doctors	NNS
never	RB
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
make	VB
it	PRP
and	CC
that	DT
was	VBD
it	PRP
I	PRP
would	MD
die	VB
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
was	VBD
in	IN
denial	NN
and	CC
had	VBD
no	DT
idea	NN
on	IN
the	DT
whole	JJ
thing	NN
all	DT
I	PRP
knew	VBD
was	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
longer	JJR
felt	VBD
thin	JJ
I	PRP
felt	VBD
more	RBR
like	IN
a	DT
balloon	NN
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
continue	VB
but	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
no	RB
longer	JJR
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
it	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
feeling	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
in	IN
control	NN
.	.
The	DT
thinner	JJR
I	PRP
became	VBD
the	DT
fatter	JJR
I	PRP
felt	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
eat	VB
in	IN
there	EX
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
choice	NN
it	PRP
was	VBD
either	RB
that	IN
or	CC
feeding	VBG
tube	NN
.	.
I	PRP
cried	VBD
and	CC
I	PRP
pulled	VBD
tricks	NNS
though	IN
let	VB
me	PRP
tell	VB
ya	PRP
there	EX
actually	RB
funny	JJ
now	RB
.	.
Well	RB
I	PRP
suprised	VBD
everyone	NN
I	PRP
made	VBD
it	PRP
through	IN
till	IN
sick	JJ
kids	NNS
.	.
Now	RB
that	DT
was	VBD
total	JJ
hell	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
on	IN
complete	JJ
bed	NN
rest	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
heart	NN
was	VBD
very	RB
un	JJ
stable	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
have	VB
12	CD
cans	NNS
of	IN
ensure	VB
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
mess	NN
and	CC
even	RB
tried	VBD
to	TO
escape	VB
.	.
Nothing	NN
was	VBD
working	VBG
ith	NN
me	PRP
I	PRP
was	VBD
hopeless	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
agreed	VBD
later	RB
with	IN
the	DT
program	NN
just	RB
to	TO
get	VB
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
to	TO
believe	VB
it	PRP
was	VBD
all	DT
over	IN
with	IN
for	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
come	VB
home	NN
.	.
It	PRP
worked	VBD
and	CC
I	PRP
did	VBD
it	PRP
all	DT
over	RP
again	RB
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
even	RB
worse	RBR
this	DT
time	NN
but	CC
something	NN
happened	VBD
in	IN
1996	CD
to	TO
really	RB
make	VB
me	PRP
wake	VB
up	RB
and	CC
see	VB
the	DT
light	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
at	IN
a	DT
wedding	NN
and	CC
fell	VBD
unconcious	JJ
and	CC
was	VBD
barely	RB
breathing	NN
and	CC
rushed	VBD
to	TO
emergency	NN
but	CC
on	IN
machines	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
lived	VBD
through	IN
it	PRP
though	IN
and	CC
I	PRP
saw	VBD
the	DT
light	NN
.	.
I	PRP
knew	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
given	VBN
a	DT
second	JJ
chance	NN
and	CC
the	DT
cards	NNS
were	VBD
in	IN
my	PRP$
hands	NNS
,	,
no	DT
more	JJR
fooling	NN
around	IN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
either	RB
i	FW
eat	VB
and	CC
live	VB
or	CC
not	RB
eat	VB
and	CC
die	VB
.	.
The	DT
road	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
long	JJ
hard	JJ
battle	NN
but	CC
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
finishing	VBG
line	NN
and	CC
you	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
feel	VB
so	RB
honored	VBN
to	TO
cross	VB
in	IN
all	DT
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
hard	JJ
getting	VBG
there	RB
with	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
hard	JJ
work	NN
and	CC
effort	NN
but	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
worth	JJ
the	DT
fight	NN
.	.
You	PRP
deserve	VBP
to	TO
live	VB
and	CC
be	VB
set	VBN
free	JJ
.	.
The	DT
troll	NN
inside	NN
has	VBZ
taken	VBN
over	RP
and	CC
you	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
fight	VB
and	CC
fight	VB
hard	JJ
for	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
worth	JJ
the	DT
jump	NN
and	CC
you	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
discover	VB
that	IN
to	TO
you	PRP
recover	VBP
.	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
me	PRP
hitting	VBG
rock	NN
bottom	NN
to	TO
discover	VB
that	IN
each	DT
day	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
lesson	NN
and	CC
we	PRP
all	DT
learn	VBP
from	IN
our	PRP$
mistakes	NNS
and	CC
not	RB
everyone	NN
is	VBZ
perfect	JJ
so	IN
why	WRB
even	RB
try	VB
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
Be	VB
yourself	PRP
cause	VB
that	DT
is	VBZ
what	WP
life	NN
is	VBZ
all	DT
about	RB
.	.
I	PRP
struggled	VBD
with	IN
bulimiarexia	NN
for	IN
over	IN
a	DT
decade	NN
.	.
It	PRP
started	VBD
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
around	IN
12	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
remember	VB
watching	VBG
a	DT
friend	NN
of	IN
mine	JJ
vomiting	NN
after	IN
she	PRP
ate	VBD
too	RB
much	JJ
ice	NN
cream	NN
at	IN
a	DT
slumber	NN
party	NN
.	.
``	``
What	WP
a	DT
great	JJ
idea	NN
!	.
''	''
I	PRP
thought	VBD
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
can	MD
pig	NN
out	RP
as	RB
much	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
want	VBP
and	CC
then	RB
get	VB
rid	VB
of	IN
it	PRP
so	IN
I	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
get	VB
fat	JJ
.	.
''	''
It	PRP
became	VBD
a	DT
vicious	JJ
cycle	NN
of	IN
pigging	VBG
out	RP
,	,
purging	VBG
,	,
starving	VBG
myself	PRP
,	,
always	RB
thinking	VBG
about	IN
food	NN
and	CC
fat	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
always	RB
there-an	JJ
underlying	VBG
unhappiness	NN
and	CC
terrible	JJ
self-esteem	NN
.	.
It	PRP
went	VBD
on	IN
and	CC
on	IN
and	CC
on	IN
.	.
Then	RB
,	,
after	IN
about	IN
11	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
,	,
I	PRP
became	VBD
extremely	RB
sick	JJ
about	IN
a	DT
year	NN
after	IN
discovering	VBG
laxatives	NNS
.	.
These	DT
,	,
mixed	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
starving	VBG
and	CC
binging\/purging	VBG
,	,
took	VBD
a	DT
huge	JJ
toll	NN
on	IN
my	PRP$
poor	JJ
body	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
came	VBD
very	RB
close	JJ
to	TO
dying	VBG
after	IN
a	DT
frightening	JJ
trip	NN
to	TO
the	DT
emergency	NN
room	NN
.	.
Doctors	NNS
could	MD
n't	RB
find	VB
what	WP
was	VBD
wrong	JJ
with	IN
me	PRP
,	,
but	CC
found	VBD
some	DT
mysterious	JJ
internal	JJ
bleeding	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
extreme	JJ
dehydration	NN
.	.
I	PRP
finally	RB
recovered	VBD
from	IN
this	DT
unknown	JJ
illness	NN
somewhat	RB
,	,
but	CC
of	IN
course	NN
,	,
as	IN
is	VBZ
the	DT
case	NN
with	IN
all	DT
people	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
never	RB
very	RB
healthy	JJ
.	.
Instead	RB
of	IN
immediately	RB
seeing	VBG
the	DT
light	NN
of	IN
the	DT
harm	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
doing	VBG
to	TO
my	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
I	PRP
continued	VBD
for	IN
several	JJ
months	NNS
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
lucky	JJ
enough	JJ
to	TO
find	VB
a	DT
job	NN
where	WRB
my	PRP$
co-workers	NNS
were	VBD
healthy	JJ
physically	RB
and	CC
mentally	RB
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
let	VB
me	PRP
mislead	VB
you	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
suddenly	RB
happen	VB
overnight	JJ
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
easy	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
long	RB
slow	JJ
road	NN
of	IN
occasional	JJ
backslides	NNS
and	CC
constant	JJ
fear	NN
.	.
Fear	NN
of	IN
change	NN
;	:
of	IN
`	``
becoming	VBG
fat	JJ
'	''
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
learn	VB
from	IN
step	NN
1	CD
the	DT
basics	NNS
of	IN
good	JJ
nutrition	NN
and	CC
sensible	JJ
exercise	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
build	VB
my	PRP$
self-esteem	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
difficult	JJ
work	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
excluding	VBG
childbirth	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
finally	RB
to	TO
a	DT
point	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
o.k.	RB
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
I	PRP
eat	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
healthy	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
find	VBP
my	PRP$
happiness	NN
from	IN
within	IN
,	,
not	RB
from	IN
an	DT
illusory	JJ
``	``
perfect	JJ
weight	NN
.	.
''	''
Underneath	IN
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
was	VBD
my	PRP$
determination	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
complete	JJ
desire	NN
to	TO
get	VB
well	RB
;	:
to	TO
conquer	VB
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
;	:
to	TO
take	VB
back	RP
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
This	DT
desire	NN
is	VBZ
what	WP
every	DT
person	NN
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
recover	VB
.	.
All	PDT
the	DT
therapy	NN
in	IN
the	DT
world	NN
wo	MD
n't	RB
help	VB
you	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
get	VBP
angry	JJ
when	WRB
I	PRP
think	VBP
of	IN
the	DT
impossible	JJ
standards	NNS
that	WDT
society	NN
and	CC
the	DT
media	NNS
place	NN
on	IN
us	PRP
and	CC
the	DT
thousands	NNS
of	IN
females	NNS
and	CC
now	RB
males	NNS
who	WP
struggle	VBP
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
poor	JJ
self-esteem	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
ridiculous	JJ
!	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
my	PRP$
deepest	JJS
wishes	NNS
for	IN
society	NN
to	TO
wake	VB
up	RP
and	CC
see	VB
what	WP
this	DT
does	VBZ
to	TO
all	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
find	VB
the	DT
gift	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
healthy	JJ
and	CC
free	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
pain	NN
and	CC
unhappiness	NN
of	IN
battling	VBG
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
If	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
anything	NN
I	PRP
can	MD
do-listen	VB
,	,
lend	VB
a	DT
supportive	JJ
,	,
understanding	VBG
shoulder-please	JJ
e-mail	NN
me	PRP
at	IN
rivera@c-zone.net	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
name	NN
is	VBZ
Justine	NNP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
anorexic	JJ
for	IN
three	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
hard	JJ
to	TO
actually	RB
say	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
problem	NN
,	,
but	CC
you	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
always	RB
people	NNS
that	IN
care	NN
about	IN
you	PRP
,	,
and	CC
would	MD
never	RB
want	VB
you	PRP
out	IN
of	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
how	WRB
it	PRP
felt	VBD
to	TO
look	VB
at	IN
myself	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
vow	NN
not	RB
to	TO
eat	VB
for	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
remember	VBP
what	WP
it	PRP
was	VBD
like	IN
to	TO
faint	VB
in	IN
school	NN
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
and	CC
get	VB
headaches	NNS
that	WDT
would	MD
never	RB
go	VB
away	RB
.	.
The	DT
thing	NN
I	PRP
remeber	VBP
the	DT
most	RBS
is	VBZ
waking	VBG
up	RP
in	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
with	IN
IVs	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
arms	NNS
,	,
being	VBG
force	NN
fed	VBN
through	IN
tubes	NNS
.	.
That	DT
was	VBD
when	WRB
I	PRP
realized	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
help	NN
.	.
The	DT
reason	NN
I	PRP
realized	VBD
this	DT
is	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
noticed	VBD
how	WRB
so	RB
many	JJ
people	NNS
had	VBD
tears	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
eyes	NNS
when	WRB
they	PRP
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
my	PRP$
heart	NN
had	VBD
stopped	VBN
beating	VBG
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
almost	RB
died	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
12	CD
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
got	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
2	CD
weeks	NNS
later	RB
they	PRP
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
go	VB
through	IN
therapy	NN
.	.
At	IN
first	JJ
I	PRP
was	VBD
hesitant	JJ
,	,
but	CC
then	RB
I	PRP
remembered	VBD
how	WRB
my	PRP$
mother	NN
looked	VBD
when	WRB
I	PRP
woke	VBD
up	RP
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
decided	VBD
to	TO
try	VB
for	IN
her	PRP
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
read	VBP
this	DT
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
think	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
sad	JJ
thing	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
went	VBD
through	IN
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
through	IN
a	DT
rough	JJ
time	NN
,	,
and	CC
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
I	PRP
realized	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
strong	JJ
,	,
beautiful	JJ
person	NN
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
suffer	VBP
from	IN
this	DT
disorder	NN
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
easy	JJ
to	TO
admit	VB
it	PRP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
survivor	NN
of	IN
this	DT
disorder	NN
,	,
I	PRP
commend	VBP
you	PRP
for	IN
your	PRP$
courage	NN
to	TO
want	VB
to	TO
live	VB
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
still	RB
suffering	VBG
from	IN
it	PRP
,	,
get	VB
help	VB
.	.
You	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
your	PRP$
parents	NNS
,	,
call	VBP
a	DT
hotline	NN
,	,
come	VBN
to	TO
this	DT
website	NN
,	,
do	VB
anything	NN
,	,
just	RB
do	VBP
n't	RB
keep	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
yourself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
have	VB
to	TO
wake	VB
up	RP
in	IN
a	DT
hosptial	NN
with	IN
tubes	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
arms	NNS
,	,
or	CC
worse	JJR
yet	RB
,	,
not	RB
wake	VB
up	RP
at	IN
all	DT
.	.
Please	UH
,	,
please	VB
talk	NN
to	TO
someone	NN
.	.
Help	NN
is	VBZ
just	RB
a	DT
word	NN
away	RB
.	.
Rule	NNP
number	NN
one	CD
in	IN
getting	VBG
over	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
:	:
be	VB
patient	JJ
with	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
A	DT
therapist	NN
I	PRP
once	RB
had	VBD
in	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
program	NN
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
recovery	NN
would	MD
take	VB
5-7	CD
years	NNS
if	IN
not	RB
longer	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
believe	VB
her	PRP
.	.
That	DT
seemed	VBD
so	RB
long	RB
!	.
But	CC
changing	VBG
your	PRP$
way	NN
of	IN
thinking	NN
and	CC
your	PRP$
behavior	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
long	RB
,	,
slow	JJ
,	,
SCARY	JJ
process	NN
which	WDT
does	VBZ
n't	RB
happen	VB
overnight	JJ
.	.
But	CC
it	PRP
can	MD
happen	VB
.	.
After	IN
12	CD
+	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
hell	NN
,	,
I	PRP
slowly	RB
emerged	VBD
from	IN
my	PRP$
``	``
prison	NN
''	''
,	,
and	CC
at	IN
32	CD
,	,
I	PRP
could	MD
basically	RB
say	VB
that	IN
my	PRP$
bulimia	NN
nervosa	NN
was	VBD
over	IN
.	.
Every	DT
once	RB
in	IN
awhile	RB
I	PRP
have	VBP
short	JJ
relapses	NNS
when	WRB
I	PRP
get	VBP
really	RB
stressed	VBN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
same	JJ
.	.
Rule	NNP
number	NN
two	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
me	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
:	:
do	VBP
n't	RB
be	VB
afraid	JJ
to	TO
try	VB
medication	NN
as	IN
an	DT
aid	NN
in	IN
getting	VBG
back	RB
into	IN
normal	JJ
eating	NN
habits	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
antidepressant	JJ
medications	NNS
out	IN
there	RB
that	DT
do	VBP
n't	RB
make	VB
you	PRP
gain	VB
weight	NN
and	CC
that	IN
seem	VBP
to	TO
help	VB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
No	DT
one	NN
knows	VBZ
exactly	RB
why	WRB
:	:
perhaps	RB
they	PRP
help	VBP
remove	VB
the	DT
obession	NN
,	,
perhaps	RB
they	PRP
relieve	VBP
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
anxiety	NN
around	IN
food	NN
,	,
or	CC
perhaps	RB
they	PRP
help	VBP
curb	VB
the	DT
cravings	NNS
for	IN
carbos	NNS
and	CC
sweets	NNS
.	.
And	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
true	JJ
that	IN
a	DT
number	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
20-30	CD
%	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
persons	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
ALSO	RB
suffer	VBP
from	IN
major	JJ
depression	NN
.	.
In	IN
my	PRP$
case	NN
,	,
after	IN
years	NNS
of	IN
trying	VBG
all	DT
kinds	NNS
of	IN
therapy	NN
while	IN
my	PRP$
ED	JJ
symptoms	NNS
stayed	VBD
much	RB
the	DT
same	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
low	JJ
weight	NN
,	,
throwing	VBG
up	RP
5-10	JJ
times	NNS
per	IN
days	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
I	PRP
tried	VBD
Prozac	NNP
.	.
The	DT
effects	NNS
were	VBD
dramatic	JJ
.	.
Within	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
months	NNS
I	PRP
was	VBD
able	JJ
to	TO
eat	VB
normally	RB
AND	CC
reduce	VB
the	DT
bingeing	NN
significantly	RB
.	.
Changing	VBG
your	PRP$
environment	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
hanging	VBG
out	RP
with	IN
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
obessesive	JJ
dieters	NNS
,	,
exercisers	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
.	.
tried	VBD
to	TO
hang	VB
with	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
``	``
normal	JJ
''	''
eating	NN
habits	NNS
,	,
who	WP
do	VBP
n't	RB
diet	NN
,	,
who	WP
do	VBP
n't	RB
obsess	VB
about	IN
exercise	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
lucky	JJ
enough	JJ
to	TO
move	VB
to	TO
France	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
couple	NN
of	IN
years	NNS
,	,
where	WRB
people	NNS
eat	VBP
because	IN
they	PRP
enjoy	VBP
food	NN
--	:
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WDT
kind	NN
of	IN
food	NN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
.	.
Stop	VB
trying	VBG
to	TO
maintain	VB
an	DT
unrealistic	JJ
weight	NN
.	.
For	IN
years	NNS
I	PRP
insisted	VBD
on	IN
being	VBG
a	DT
very	RB
specific	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
unhealthy	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
horrifed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
idea	NN
of	IN
gaining	VBG
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
did	VBD
happen	VB
slowly	RB
over	IN
a	DT
period	NN
of	IN
years	NNS
,	,
and	CC
miraculously	RB
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
more	JJR
cravings	NNS
to	TO
eat	VB
large	JJ
quantities	NNS
of	IN
food	NN
or	CC
certain	JJ
``	``
forbidden	VBN
''	''
foods	NNS
EXCEPT	IN
under	IN
stress	NN
or	CC
depression	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
when	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
off	RP
my	PRP$
medication	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
want	VB
to	TO
emphasize	VB
that	IN
the	DT
real	JJ
key	NN
to	TO
my	PRP$
first	JJ
steps	NNS
in	IN
getting	VBG
over	IN
the	DT
obsession	NN
with	IN
food	NN
,	,
diets	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
.	.
was	VBD
taking	VBG
Prozac	NNP
.	.
For	IN
some	DT
reason	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
unable	JJ
to	TO
stay	VB
as	IN
focussed	VBN
on	IN
food	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
before	RB
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
mind	NN
had	VBD
room	NN
for	IN
other	JJ
things	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
an	DT
ad	NN
for	IN
Prozac	NNP
--	:
there	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
good	JJ
meds	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
SSRI	NNP
's	POS
-RRB-	-RRB-
out	IN
there	RB
with	IN
similar	JJ
qualities	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
have	VB
to	TO
stay	VB
on	IN
it	PRP
forever	RB
to	TO
benefit	VB
,	,
either	RB
.	.
It	PRP
just	RB
gave	VBD
me	PRP
a	DT
``	``
leg	NN
up	RB
''	''
for	IN
a	DT
long	RB
enough	JJ
period	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
year	NN
or	CC
so	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
permanently	RB
change	VB
my	PRP$
thinking	NN
and	CC
behavior	NN
patterns	NNS
.	.
These	DT
ideas	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
apply	VB
to	TO
everyone	NN
,	,
but	CC
surely	RB
there	EX
are	VBP
some	DT
people	NNS
out	IN
there	RB
like	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
as	IN
severe	JJ
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
as	IN
anyone	NN
which	WDT
lasted	VBD
12	CD
+	CD
years	NNS
...	:
started	VBD
dieting	NN
at	IN
9	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
...	:
knew	VBD
the	DT
calorie	NN
count	NN
of	IN
every	DT
food	NN
known	VBN
to	TO
man	VB
and	CC
kept	VBD
meticulous	JJ
records	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
intake	NN
...	:
became	VBD
a	DT
bona	NN
fide	NN
anorexic	JJ
in	IN
college	NN
...	:
became	VBD
a	DT
bulimic	JJ
anorexic	JJ
a	DT
yearlater	NN
...	:
threw	VBD
up	RP
every	DT
day	NN
at	IN
LEAST	NNP
3-4	CD
times	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
,	,
sometimes	RB
as	IN
many	JJ
as	IN
10	CD
...	:
was	VBD
hospitalized	VBN
twice	RB
for	IN
3	CD
months	NNS
each	DT
...	:
tried	VBD
to	TO
kill	VB
myself	PRP
once	RB
...	:
you	PRP
get	VBP
the	DT
picture	NN
...	:
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
35	CD
,	,
have	VBP
a	DT
darling	NN
little	JJ
boy	NN
,	,
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
husband	NN
,	,
and	CC
eat	VB
what	WP
I	PRP
want	VBP
without	IN
gaining	VBG
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
anorexic	JJ
6	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
from	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
15	CD
till	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
nearly	RB
19	CD
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
made	VBN
me	PRP
the	DT
strong	JJ
person	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
today	NN
.	.
The	DT
way	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
look	VB
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
and	CC
see	VB
what	WP
everyone	NN
else	RB
sees	VBZ
so	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
admit	VB
to	TO
yourself	PRP
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
anorexic	JJ
and	CC
that	IN
the	DT
doctors	NNS
and	CC
psychiatrists	NNS
are	VBP
there	RB
to	TO
help	VB
and	CC
not	RB
to	TO
fight	VB
against	IN
you	PRP
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
recovered	VBD
by	IN
seeing	VBG
how	WRB
everyone	NN
else	RB
saw	VBD
me	PRP
,	,
by	IN
ignoring	VBG
the	DT
voice	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
head	NN
that	IN
told	VBD
me	PRP
I	PRP
must	MD
not	RB
eat	VB
and	CC
by	IN
wanting	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
.	.
Ok	VB
its	PRP$
not	RB
easy	JJ
and	CC
its	PRP$
full	JJ
of	IN
times	NNS
of	IN
relapses	NNS
but	CC
you	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
got	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
time	NN
where	WRB
after	IN
2	CD
years	NNS
I	PRP
just	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
stop	VB
eating	VBG
controlling	VBG
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
nearly	RB
18	CD
.	.
Everyone	NN
else	RB
at	IN
18	CD
were	VBD
going	VBG
out	RP
having	VBG
a	DT
laugh	NN
and	CC
meeting	VBG
new	JJ
people	NNS
,	,
while	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
stuck	VBN
at	IN
home	NN
afraid	JJ
incase	NN
I	PRP
put	VBD
on	RP
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
laugh	NN
again	RB
,	,
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
the	DT
old	JJ
me	PRP
again	RB
before	IN
any	DT
of	IN
this	DT
had	VBD
happened	VBN
.	.
So	RB
thats	VBZ
what	WP
I	PRP
did	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
eating	VBG
properly	RB
and	CC
at	IN
last	JJ
,	,
slowly	RB
but	CC
eventually	RB
I	PRP
got	VBD
over	IN
the	DT
hurdle	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
.	.
Thats	NNP
how	WRB
I	PRP
see	VBP
it	PRP
now	RB
,	,
a	DT
hurdle	NN
in	IN
life	NN
I	PRP
got	VBD
over	IN
to	TO
make	VB
me	PRP
the	DT
confident	JJ
and	CC
strong	JJ
person	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
anorexic\/bulemic	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
anorexic	JJ
at	IN
first	RB
,	,
bulemic	NN
later	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
over	IN
17	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
stopped	VBD
those	DT
behaviors	NNS
almost	RB
four	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
use	VB
the	DT
term	NN
``	``
recovering	VBG
''	''
because	IN
I	PRP
feel	VBP
that	IN
keeps	VBZ
a	DT
person	NN
in	IN
a	DT
``	``
sick	JJ
''	''
category	NN
indefinitely	RB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
ill	RB
through	IN
most	JJS
of	IN
my	PRP$
young	JJ
adult	NN
life	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
am	VBP
42	CD
now	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
through	IN
two	CD
pregnancies	NNS
.	.
A	DT
person	NN
``	``
thinks	VBZ
''	''
with	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
just	RB
her	PRP$
head	NN
.	.
She	PRP
thinks	VBZ
,	,
feels	VBZ
and	CC
exists	VBZ
within	IN
her	PRP$
whole	JJ
body	NN
.	.
A	DT
record	NN
of	IN
everything	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
every	DT
happed	NN
to	TO
her	PRP$
is	VBZ
carried	VBN
in	IN
her	PRP$
body	NN
-	:
every	DT
slight	JJ
,	,
every	DT
abuse	NN
,	,
every	DT
dissapointment	NN
,	,
every	DT
trauma	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
head	NN
,	,
after	IN
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
understood	VBN
my	PRP$
problem	NN
,	,
but	CC
my	PRP$
body	NN
still	RB
suffered	VBD
.	.
It	PRP
suffered	VBD
the	DT
effects	NNS
of	IN
abuse	NN
,	,
violence	NN
,	,
repression	NN
and	CC
outside	JJ
control	NN
.	.
``	``
Talking	VBG
therapy	NN
''	''
does	VBZ
little	JJ
or	CC
nothing	NN
to	TO
addresss	VB
the	DT
physical	JJ
residue	NN
of	IN
these	DT
things	NNS
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
love	VBP
this	DT
body	NN
enough	RB
to	TO
caress	VB
it	PRP
.	.
''	''
About	IN
four	CD
and	CC
a	DT
half	NN
years	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
gentle	JJ
massage	NN
.	.
Then	RB
later	RB
,	,
sought	VBD
out	RP
more	RBR
intense	JJ
,	,
deeper	JJR
bodywork	NN
to	TO
untie	VB
the	DT
knots	NNS
that	WDT
had	VBD
been	VBN
part	NN
and	CC
parcel	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
being	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
lifetime	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
still	RB
sick	JJ
with	IN
bulemia	NN
,	,
but	CC
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
in	IN
17	CD
years	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
symptoms	NNS
were	VBD
lessening	VBG
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
simple	JJ
saying	VBG
in	IN
bodywork	NN
,	,
``	``
Hands	NNS
Heal	VBP
.	.
''	''
They	PRP
do	VBP
.	.
Within	IN
less	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
year	NN
,	,
I	PRP
stopped	VBD
manifesting	VBG
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
behaviors	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
``	``
just	RB
a	DT
little	JJ
disordered	JJ
''	''
either	CC
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
down	RB
in	IN
the	DT
dirt	NN
,	,
hair	NN
falling	VBG
out	RP
,	,
lunago	NN
sprouting	VBG
bulemic	NN
for	IN
17	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
binged	VBD
a	DT
purged	VBN
at	IN
least	JJS
six	CD
times	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
usually	RB
more	RBR
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
had	VBD
a	DT
very	RB
expensive	JJ
food	NN
habit	NN
,	,
maintained	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
lucrative	JJ
engineering	NN
career	NN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
read	VBP
Caron	NNP
's	POS
words	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
web	NN
site	NN
,	,
it	PRP
brought	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
tears	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
wondered	VBD
,	,
``	``
Why	WRB
do	VBP
people	NNS
hate	VBP
me	PRP
?	.
Why	WRB
do	VBP
they	PRP
try	VBP
to	TO
hurt	VB
me	PRP
?	.
''	''
This	DT
seems	VBZ
bewildering	VBG
to	TO
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
her	PRP$
friends	NNS
and	CC
who	WP
are	VBP
trying	VBG
to	TO
help	VB
.	.
The	DT
words	NNS
come	VBP
from	IN
her	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
real	JJ
sense	NN
the	DT
culture	NN
around	IN
around	IN
does	VBZ
hate	VB
and	CC
is	VBZ
trying	VBG
to	TO
hurt	VB
.	.
Her	PRP$
head	NN
and	CC
her	PRP$
body	NN
are	VBP
disconnected	VBN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
sensitive	JJ
woman	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
reflecting	VBG
what	WP
is	VBZ
going	VBG
on	IN
around	IN
her	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
become	VBN
,	,
in	IN
her	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
the	DT
ideal	JJ
cultural	JJ
phenomena	NNS
-	:
a	DT
woman	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
too	RB
small	JJ
,	,
too	RB
frail	JJ
,	,
too	RB
weak	JJ
to	TO
act	VB
on	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
behalf	NN
.	.
In	IN
reaching	VBG
this	DT
``	``
perfection	NN
''	''
she	PRP
must	MD
ignore	VB
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
dying	VBG
.	.
So	RB
must	MD
we	PRP
all	DT
,	,
as	RB
long	RB
as	IN
we	PRP
keep	VBP
buying	VBG
into	IN
the	DT
cultural	JJ
and	CC
religious	JJ
ideals	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
culture	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
began	VBD
massage	NN
,	,
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
reevaluate	VB
my	PRP$
religious	JJ
and	CC
spiritual	JJ
beliefs	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
investigated	VBD
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
feminine-based	JJ
spiritual	JJ
practices	NNS
and	CC
began	VBD
to	TO
see	VB
my	PRP$
traditional	JJ
Baptist	JJ
upbringing	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
call	VBP
it	PRP
indoctrination	NN
,	,
now	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
a	DT
whole	JJ
different	JJ
light	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
healthy	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
or	CC
had	VBD
it	PRP
been	VBN
for	IN
my	PRP$
mother	NN
or	CC
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
women	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
.	.
I	PRP
came	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
point	NN
of	IN
view	NN
that	IN
patriarchal	JJ
religions	NNS
are	VBP
slowing	VBG
killing	VBG
women	NNS
,	,
poisoning	NN
us	PRP
with	IN
a	DT
view	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
sexuality	NN
that	IN
see	VBP
us	PRP
as	IN
evil	NN
,	,
weak	JJ
and	CC
God-ordained	JJ
chattel	NN
.	.
The	DT
Bible	NNP
was	VBD
written	VBN
by	IN
men	NNS
,	,
however	RB
inspired	VBN
they	PRP
might	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
by	IN
``	``
God	NNP
.	.
''	''
It	PRP
was	VBD
written	VBN
by	IN
men	NNS
and	CC
for	IN
men	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
suit	VB
men	NNS
's	POS
desires	NNS
as	IN
regards	VBZ
women	NNS
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
saying	VBG
men	NNS
are	VBP
the	DT
enemy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
saying	VBG
we	PRP
live	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
culture	NN
completely	RB
unbalanced	JJ
toward	IN
the	DT
masculine	JJ
perspective	NN
,	,
an	DT
imbalance	NN
reinforced	VBN
by	IN
religion	NN
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
Fundamental	JJ
to	TO
my	PRP$
healing	NN
was	VBD
becoming	VBG
a	DT
deep	JJ
feminist	NN
.	.
In	IN
my	PRP$
heart	NN
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
believe	VB
there	EX
is	VBZ
any	DT
other	JJ
way	NN
out	IN
for	IN
a	DT
women	NNS
.	.
Oddly	RB
enough	RB
,	,
when	WRB
my	PRP$
perception	NN
of	IN
``	``
God	NNP
''	''
was	VBD
unlatched	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
vision	NN
of	IN
God	NNP
as	IN
pounded	VBN
into	IN
my	PRP$
head	NN
by	IN
my	PRP$
culture	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
faith	NN
grew	VBD
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
misery	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
illness	NN
began	VBD
to	TO
lift	VB
.	.
I	PRP
then	RB
sought	VBD
out	RP
,	,
and	CC
found	VBD
,	,
a	DT
healing	NN
woman	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
shamanka	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
who	WP
worked	VBD
with	IN
me	PRP
for	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
months	NNS
.	.
One	CD
day	NN
I	PRP
left	VBD
her	PRP$
house	NN
after	IN
a	DT
soul	NN
retrieval	NN
ritual	NN
and	CC
said	VBD
``	``
I	PRP
'm	VBP
done	VBN
''	''
to	TO
myself	PRP
.	.
That	DT
was	VBD
it	PRP
.	.
No	DT
more	RBR
bulemia	JJ
,	,
no	DT
more	JJR
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
later	RB
told	VBD
the	DT
healing	NN
woman	NN
,	,
``	``
That	DT
day	NN
was	VBD
my	PRP$
miracle	NN
.	.
Everyone	NN
is	VBZ
entitled	VBN
to	TO
at	IN
last	JJ
one	CD
miracle	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
''	''
The	DT
micracle	NN
came	VBD
from	IN
God	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Goddess	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
as	IN
Grace	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
came	VBD
only	RB
after	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
had	VBD
been	VBN
prepared	VBN
to	TO
accept	VB
that	IN
Grace	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
this	DT
will	MD
bother	VB
some	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
should	MD
.	.
Healing	NN
requires	VBZ
looking	VBG
at	IN
every	DT
aspect	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
It	PRP
requires	VBZ
questioning	VBG
the	DT
unquestionable	JJ
.	.
If	IN
making	VBG
tiny	JJ
,	,
comfortable	JJ
,	,
modifications	NNS
in	IN
our	PRP$
points	NNS
of	IN
view	NN
healed	VBD
any	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
,	,
there	EX
'd	MD
be	VB
no	DT
use	NN
for	IN
this	DT
web	NN
site	NN
.	.
But	CC
,	,
the	DT
miracle	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
and	CC
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
accept	VB
a	DT
bunch	NN
of	IN
fundamentalist	JJ
garbage	NN
to	TO
gain	VB
access	NN
.	.
It	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
take	VB
years	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
can	MD
happen	VB
in	IN
a	DT
moment	NN
.	.
``	``
talking	VBG
therapy	NN
.	.
''	''
The	DT
psychotherapist	NN
,	,
a	DT
man	NN
,	,
told	VBD
me	PRP
``	``
SuZett	NNP
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
something	NN
wrong	JJ
with	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
working	VBG
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
continue	VB
down	RP
this	DT
path	NN
until	IN
you	PRP
figure	VBP
out	RP
what	WP
that	WDT
is	VBZ
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
spent	VBD
10	CD
more	JJR
years	NNS
avoiding	VBG
that	IN
question	NN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
go	VB
away	RB
.	.
That	DT
question	NN
is	VBZ
key	JJ
.	.
Self-healing	JJ
,	,
through	IN
spiritual	JJ
growth	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
not	RB
necessarily	RB
religion	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
is	VBZ
the	DT
only	JJ
thing	NN
that	WDT
works	VBZ
.	.
Others	NNS
can	MD
provide	VB
help	NN
and	CC
support	NN
and	CC
love	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
must	MD
do	VB
the	DT
work	NN
her	PRP$
or	CC
himself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
spent	VBN
the	DT
last	JJ
few	JJ
years	NNS
learning	VBG
to	TO
do	VB
massage	NN
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
transitioning	VBG
from	IN
a	DT
20-year	JJ
career	NN
in	IN
engineering	NN
to	TO
full-time	JJ
bodywork	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
quite	RB
a	DT
lifestyle	NN
change	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
lots	NNS
less	RBR
$	$
$	$
-RRB-	-RRB-
but	CC
very	RB
rewarding	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
life	NN
is	VBZ
beginning	VBG
to	TO
work	VB
.	.
If	IN
anyone	NN
wants	VBZ
help	NN
or	CC
information	NN
,	,
feel	VBP
free	JJ
to	TO
send	VB
me	PRP
a	DT
e-mail	NN
at	IN
tab@rmii.com	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'll	MD
point	VB
to	TO
useful	JJ
books	NNS
,	,
tell	VBP
you	PRP
about	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
kinds	NNS
of	IN
bodywork	NN
to	TO
suit	VB
your	PRP$
needs	NNS
or	CC
otherwise	RB
assist	VB
where	WRB
I	PRP
can	MD
.	.
Everyday	JJ
you	PRP
wake	VBP
up	RP
to	TO
feel	VB
it	PRP
,	,
there	RB
,	,
within	IN
you	PRP
,	,
a	DT
persistent	JJ
ache	NN
.	.
How	WRB
do	VBP
you	PRP
explain	VBP
the	DT
pain	NN
?	.
A	DT
doctor	NN
's	POS
shot	NN
or	CC
pill	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
make	VB
it	PRP
go	VB
away	RB
.	.
Your	PRP$
folks	NNS
tell	VBP
you	PRP
,	,
``	``
You	PRP
look	VBP
fine	JJ
''	''
.	.
As	IN
if	IN
that	DT
means	VBZ
that	IN
all	DT
is	VBZ
okay	JJ
and	CC
nothing	NN
is	VBZ
wrong	JJ
.	.
Yet	RB
,	,
you	PRP
feel	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
consumes	VBZ
you	PRP
,	,
the	DT
dark	JJ
loneliness	NN
.	.
You	PRP
look	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
,	,
run	VB
your	PRP$
hands	NNS
over	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
surprised	VBN
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
see	VB
or	CC
feel	VB
the	DT
hole	NN
you	PRP
know	VBP
is	VBZ
right	RB
there	RB
.	.
All	DT
day	NN
long	RB
it	PRP
dogs	VBZ
your	PRP$
steps	NNS
,	,
mocking	VBG
you	PRP
as	IN
you	PRP
try	VBP
to	TO
ignore	VB
it	PRP
and	CC
move	VB
past	RB
.	.
You	PRP
feel	VBP
invincible	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
shadow	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
made	VBN
small	JJ
and	CC
been	VBN
put	VBN
in	IN
its	PRP$
place	NN
-	:
all	DT
by	IN
you	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
becomes	VBZ
addictive	JJ
,	,
that	IN
feeling	NN
of	IN
power	NN
.	.
You	PRP
begin	VBP
to	TO
feel	VB
that	IN
if	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
sustain	VB
the	DT
pain	NN
,	,
the	DT
shadow	NN
will	MD
be	VB
forced	VBN
to	TO
retreat	VB
forever	RB
.	.
Like	IN
any	DT
drug	NN
,	,
it	PRP
begins	VBZ
to	TO
take	VB
more	JJR
and	CC
more	JJR
pain	NN
to	TO
win	VB
the	DT
battle	NN
.	.
You	PRP
find	VBP
yourself	PRP
losing	VBG
track	NN
.	.
How	WRB
long	RB
has	VBZ
it	PRP
been	VBN
since	IN
I	PRP
last	JJ
ate	VBD
?	.
How	WRB
many	JJ
sit-ups	NNS
have	VBP
I	PRP
done	VBN
?	.
Where	WRB
did	VBD
the	DT
bag	NN
of	IN
chips	NNS
go	VB
?	.
People	NNS
talk	VBP
to	TO
you	PRP
and	CC
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
really	RB
hear	VB
them	PRP
,	,
so	RB
focused	VBN
on	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
internal	JJ
battle	NN
.	.
Everything	NN
starts	VBZ
to	TO
seem	VB
far	RB
away	RB
and	CC
like	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
really	RB
happening	VBG
to	TO
you	PRP
,	,
but	CC
a	DT
character	NN
on	IN
TV	NN
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
tricked	VBN
you	PRP
and	CC
all	DT
you	PRP
are	VBP
doing	VBG
is	VBZ
feeding	VBG
it	PRP
.	.
Feeding	NNP
,	,
nurturing	NN
,	,
encouraging	VBG
it	PRP
to	TO
grow	VB
.	.
With	IN
each	DT
of	IN
your	PRP$
attempts	NNS
to	TO
erase	VB
the	DT
darkness	NN
from	IN
your	PRP$
spirit	NN
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
giving	VBG
it	PRP
the	DT
ultimate	JJ
control	NN
.	.
Each	DT
act	NN
of	IN
self-inflicted	JJ
pain	NN
is	VBZ
fostering	VBG
the	DT
next	JJ
,	,
weakening	VBG
your	PRP$
spirit	NN
and	CC
allowing	VBG
the	DT
darkness	NN
to	TO
fester	VB
.	.
Your	PRP$
technique	NN
of	IN
starvation	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
work	VB
any	DT
longer	JJR
because	IN
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
feel	VB
the	DT
pain	NN
,	,
so	IN
you	PRP
move	VBP
to	TO
vomiting	VBG
,	,
thinking	VBG
that	IN
it	PRP
will	MD
bring	VB
back	RP
that	DT
sensation	NN
.	.
The	DT
darkness	NN
laughs	VBZ
with	IN
glee	NN
at	IN
your	PRP$
foolishness	NN
.	.
Each	DT
hour	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
body	NN
grows	VBZ
weaker	JJR
,	,
less	RBR
able	JJ
to	TO
sustain	VB
you	PRP
.	.
Your	PRP$
physical	JJ
power	NN
is	VBZ
depleting	VBG
along	RP
with	IN
the	DT
power	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
spirit	NN
.	.
Soon	RB
,	,
you	PRP
loose	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
life	NN
you	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
watching	VBG
on	IN
your	PRP$
internal	JJ
TV	NN
.	.
The	DT
world	NN
is	VBZ
loosing	VBG
color	NN
and	CC
you	PRP
begin	VBP
to	TO
ignore	VB
it	PRP
.	.
The	DT
battle	NN
inside	NN
has	VBZ
become	VBN
wholly	RB
consuming	NN
and	CC
nothing	NN
else	RB
exists	VBZ
.	.
You	PRP
feel	VBP
sure	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
time	NN
you	PRP
will	MD
defeat	VB
it	PRP
.	.
Everything	NNP
around	IN
you	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
darkness	NN
,	,
the	DT
pain	NN
,	,
the	DT
hole	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
heart	NN
has	VBZ
engulfed	VBN
your	PRP$
whole	NN
being	VBG
and	CC
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
fill	VB
it	PRP
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
this	DT
,	,
because	IN
of	IN
your	PRP$
knowledge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
battle	NN
,	,
of	IN
the	DT
strength	NN
it	PRP
requires	VBZ
,	,
you	PRP
stop	VBP
listening	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
weaker	JJR
individuals	NNS
around	IN
you	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
idea	NN
and	CC
could	MD
n't	RB
possibly	RB
understand	VB
what	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
dealing	VBG
with	IN
.	.
For	IN
God	NNP
's	POS
sake	NN
,	,
they	PRP
think	VBP
you	PRP
look	VB
fine	JJ
!	.
They	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
idea	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
failing	VBG
!	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
losing	VBG
the	DT
battle	NN
and	CC
nothing	NN
else	JJ
matters	NNS
.	.
How	WRB
could	MD
they	PRP
love	VB
someone	NN
as	IN
incompetent	JJ
as	IN
you	PRP
,	,
let	VB
alone	RB
like	IN
you	PRP
?	.
You	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
even	RB
manage	VB
to	TO
handle	VB
something	NN
as	IN
simple	JJ
as	IN
this	DT
little	JJ
hole	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
spirit	NN
has	VBZ
weakened	VBN
.	.
What	WP
's	VBZ
left	VBN
?	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
physically	RB
and	CC
spiritually	RB
weak	JJ
,	,
possibly	RB
dying	VBG
,	,
and	CC
you	PRP
still	RB
have	VBP
yet	RB
to	TO
achieve	VB
your	PRP$
goal	NN
.	.
The	DT
belief	NN
that	WDT
sustained	VBD
you	PRP
,	,
the	DT
belief	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
could	MD
create	VB
enough	JJ
pain	NN
to	TO
banish	VB
the	DT
shadows	NNS
and	CC
bring	VB
about	RB
perfection	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
fading	JJ
.	.
Yet	RB
,	,
you	PRP
continue	VBP
to	TO
hang	VB
on	IN
to	TO
it	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
get	VB
to	TO
that	DT
place	NN
of	IN
perfection	NN
,	,
that	IN
place	NN
where	WRB
you	PRP
can	MD
stop	VB
fighting	VBG
and	CC
rest	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
where	WRB
you	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
whole	JJ
again	RB
and	CC
you	PRP
will	MD
finally	RB
be	VB
worthy	JJ
of	IN
love	NN
,	,
worthy	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
admiration	NN
and	CC
respect	NN
you	PRP
crave	VBP
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
wage	VB
the	DT
battle	NN
in	IN
silence	NN
,	,
never	RB
letting	VBG
anyone	NN
know	VBP
,	,
so	IN
the	DT
victory	NN
will	MD
be	VB
that	IN
much	JJ
sweeter	JJR
,	,
the	DT
love	NN
and	CC
respect	NN
more	RBR
worthwhile	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
extra	JJ
effort	NN
required	VBN
to	TO
earn	VB
it	PRP
.	.
Soon	RB
.	.
Soon	RB
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
walk	VB
in	IN
the	DT
light	NN
,	,
you	PRP
keep	VBP
telling	VBG
yourself	PRP
,	,
but	CC
your	PRP$
resources	NNS
are	VBP
depleting	VBG
quickly	RB
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
become	VBN
trapped	VBN
.	.
You	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
escape	VB
.	.
The	DT
light	NN
is	VBZ
so	RB
small	JJ
now	RB
.	.
You	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
end	NN
is	VBZ
coming	VBG
.	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
wait	VB
for	IN
it	PRP
?	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
let	VB
go	VB
and	CC
die	VB
?	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
do	VBP
the	DT
unthinkable	JJ
and	CC
ask	VB
for	IN
help	NN
?	.
Both	DT
options	NNS
are	VBP
unpalatable	JJ
,	,
as	IN
they	PRP
require	VBP
an	DT
admission	NN
of	IN
failure	NN
,	,
the	DT
admission	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
beat	VB
the	DT
darkness	NN
on	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
An	DT
admission	NN
of	IN
how	WRB
weak	JJ
you	PRP
really	RB
are	VBP
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
is	VBZ
the	DT
easier	JJR
option	NN
.	.
You	PRP
let	VBP
go	VB
and	CC
let	VB
the	DT
darkness	NN
wash	VBP
you	PRP
away	RB
.	.
You	PRP
never	RB
have	VBP
to	TO
face	VB
the	DT
ones	NNS
you	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
fighting	VBG
for	IN
.	.
You	PRP
never	RB
have	VBP
to	TO
see	VB
their	PRP$
disappointment	NN
in	IN
you	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
cowardly	JJ
way	NN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
avoided	VBN
your	PRP$
punishment	NN
for	IN
failure	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
end	NN
,	,
the	DT
ultimate	JJ
surrender	NN
.	.
No	DT
,	,
you	PRP
face	VBP
your	PRP$
loved	VBN
ones	NNS
,	,
the	DT
ones	NNS
you	PRP
have	VBP
tried	VBN
to	TO
impress	VB
,	,
and	CC
admit	VBP
to	TO
them	PRP
that	IN
you	PRP
lost	VBD
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
true	JJ
test	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
determination	NN
,	,
to	TO
admit	VB
your	PRP$
weakness	NN
and	CC
ask	VB
for	IN
help	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
true	JJ
sacrifice	NN
.	.
To	TO
face	VB
them	PRP
,	,
knowing	VBG
that	IN
they	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
understand	VB
or	CC
they	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
care	VB
.	.
The	DT
pain	NN
of	IN
opening	VBG
yourself	PRP
up	RP
is	VBZ
more	RBR
painful	JJ
than	IN
any	DT
bruise	NN
,	,
cut	NN
,	,
or	CC
overfull	JJ
stomach	NN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
face	VB
all	DT
that	IN
you	PRP
fear	VBP
.	.
All	DT
that	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
fighting	VBG
and	CC
more	RBR
,	,
you	PRP
face	VBP
the	DT
total	JJ
destruction	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
spirit	NN
,	,
a	DT
total	JJ
loss	NN
of	IN
who	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
,	,
the	DT
loss	NN
of	IN
the	DT
world	NN
as	IN
you	PRP
know	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
And	CC
so	RB
begins	VBZ
,	,
your	PRP$
first	JJ
true	JJ
battle	NN
with	IN
the	DT
darkness	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
first	JJ
step	NN
toward	IN
the	DT
love	NN
and	CC
respect	NN
you	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
fighting	VBG
for	IN
,	,
the	DT
first	JJ
step	NN
toward	IN
owning	VBG
the	DT
power	NN
and	CC
rebuilding	VBG
your	PRP$
strength	NN
.	.
You	PRP
look	VBP
around	RB
and	CC
the	DT
pinpoint	VB
of	IN
light	JJ
seems	VBZ
just	RB
a	DT
little	JJ
bit	NN
brighter	SYM
-	:
you	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBN
your	PRP$
first	JJ
success	NN
.	.
That	DT
demon	NN
inside	NN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
to	TO
owning	VBG
you	PRP
and	CC
will	MD
not	RB
take	VB
kindly	RB
to	TO
the	DT
rebellion	NN
.	.
Every	DT
moment	NN
of	IN
every	DT
day	NN
you	PRP
will	MD
wage	VB
the	DT
battle	NN
to	TO
stay	VB
present	JJ
in	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
to	TO
remember	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
loved	VBN
,	,
to	TO
take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
and	CC
nurture	VB
your	PRP$
spirit	NN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
fight	VB
to	TO
keep	VB
yourself	PRP
from	IN
inflicting	VBG
pain	NN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
fight	VB
to	TO
regain	VB
that	DT
precious	JJ
ground	NN
you	PRP
lost	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
darkness	NN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
fight	VB
the	DT
impossible	JJ
,	,
never	RB
ending	VBG
fight	NN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
care	VB
and	CC
it	PRP
will	MD
hurt	VB
.	.
Every	DT
day	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
take	VBP
care	NN
of	IN
yourself	PRP
and	CC
every	DT
moment	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
affirm	VBP
how	WRB
valuable	JJ
you	PRP
are	VBP
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
win	VB
.	.
Each	DT
day	NN
you	PRP
wake	VBP
up	RB
and	CC
get	VB
out	IN
of	IN
bed	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
victory	NN
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Each	DT
victory	NN
is	VBZ
another	DT
step	NN
on	IN
the	DT
path	NN
to	TO
achieving	VBG
your	PRP$
goal	NN
-	:
filling	VBG
the	DT
hole	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
heart	NN
.	.
Each	DT
day	NN
is	VBZ
another	DT
day	NN
,	,
where	WRB
you	PRP
can	MD
stand	VB
tall	JJ
and	CC
say	VB
,	,
``	``
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
alone	RB
.	.
''	''
Three	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
I	PRP
discovered	VBD
the	DT
something-fishy	JJ
.	.
org	NN
website	NN
.	.
At	IN
first	RB
,	,
I	PRP
thought	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
three	CD
words	NNS
running	VBG
at	IN
the	DT
bottom	NN
of	IN
every	DT
page	NN
was	VBD
silly	JJ
.	.
By	IN
the	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
finished	VBN
going	VBG
through	IN
the	DT
site	NN
and	CC
had	VBD
found	VBN
numbers	NNS
of	IN
people	NNS
to	TO
call	VB
for	IN
treatment	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
crying	VBG
.	.
Thank	VB
you	PRP
for	IN
reminding	VBG
me	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
alone	RB
.	.
Periodically	RB
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
feeling	VBG
alone	RB
,	,
I	PRP
go	VBP
back	RB
to	TO
your	PRP$
site	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
with	IN
this	DT
in	IN
mind	NN
,	,
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
forwarding	NN
you	PRP
this	DT
essay	NN
.	.
I	PRP
wrote	VBD
this	DT
as	IN
a	DT
reminder	NN
to	TO
myself	PRP
and	CC
as	IN
a	DT
means	NN
of	IN
communicating	VBG
what	WP
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
experiencing	VBG
to	TO
others	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
knew	VBD
that	IN
having	VBG
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
was	VBD
so	RB
much	JJ
work	NN
.	.
No	DT
one	NN
ever	RB
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
24	CD
hour	NN
a	DT
day	NN
,	,
7	CD
days	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
,	,
job	NN
.	.
Something	NN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
enjoy	VB
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
do	VBP
n't	RB
get	VB
paid	VBN
for	IN
,	,
and	CC
ca	MD
n't	RB
share	VB
triumphs	NNS
and	CC
let	VB
downs	NNS
.	.
Wo	NNP
n't	RB
get	VB
a	DT
raise	NN
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
lead	VB
me	PRP
to	TO
a	DT
future	NN
of	IN
greatness	NN
or	CC
success	NN
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
knew	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
so	RB
tired	VBN
some	DT
days	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
go	VB
anywhere	RB
or	CC
do	VB
anything	NN
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
only	RB
lie	VB
down	RB
;	:
I	PRP
never	RB
knew	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
days	NNS
when	WRB
I	PRP
do	VBP
get	VB
up	RP
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
spend	VB
them	PRP
hunched	VBN
over	IN
a	DT
toilet	NN
after	IN
eating	VBG
only	RB
a	DT
few	JJ
small	JJ
bites	VBZ
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
of	IN
anyone	NN
who	WP
knows	VBZ
the	DT
inside	NN
of	IN
toilet	NN
bowl	NN
like	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
knew	VBD
that	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
about	RB
food	NN
,	,
but	CC
about	IN
complex	JJ
,	,
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
and	CC
emotions	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
only	RB
be	VB
dealt	VBN
with	IN
by	IN
professionals	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
will	MD
within	IN
;	:
that	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
pains	NNS
that	WDT
only	RB
a	DT
few	JJ
people	NNS
can	MD
identify	VB
with	IN
,	,
and	CC
even	RB
fewer	JJR
overcome	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
knew	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
disease	NN
that	WDT
once	RB
seemed	VBD
so	RB
desirable	JJ
to	TO
me	PRP
would	MD
end	VB
up	RP
being	VBG
my	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
and	CC
worst	JJS
enemy	NN
,	,
the	DT
thing	NN
I	PRP
trust	VBP
the	DT
most	RBS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
thing	NN
that	WDT
often	RB
fails	VBZ
me	PRP
,	,
my	PRP$
comfort	NN
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
pain	NN
;	:
all	DT
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
.	.
To	TO
say	VB
goodbye	NN
to	TO
something	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
only	RB
known	VBN
for	IN
6	CD
months	NNS
thus	RB
far	RB
.	.
No	DT
one	NN
ever	RB
told	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
life	NN
;	:
that	DT
nothing	NN
good	JJ
will	MD
come	VB
of	IN
this	DT
,	,
it	PRP
will	MD
only	RB
bring	VB
heartbreak	NN
and	CC
pain	NN
,	,
grief	NN
and	CC
sorrow	NN
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
knew	VBD
that	IN
this	DT
would	MD
consume	VB
me	PRP
to	TO
a	DT
point	NN
of	IN
what	WP
seems	VBZ
like	IN
no	DT
return	NN
;	:
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
never	RB
tell	VB
anyone	NN
because	IN
they	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
understand	VB
,	,
but	CC
most	JJS
of	IN
all	DT
because	IN
they	PRP
would	MD
try	VB
to	TO
get	VB
rid	JJ
of	IN
it	PRP
for	IN
me	PRP
;	:
to	TO
wean	VB
me	PRP
away	RB
from	IN
this	DT
horrible	JJ
lifestyle	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
love	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
knew	VBD
what	WP
this	DT
was	VBD
really	RB
about	RB
.	.
As	IN
I	PRP
hold	VBP
you	PRP
in	IN
my	PRP$
arms	NNS
and	CC
rock	NN
you	PRP
tonight	RB
there	EX
are	VBP
tears	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
eyes	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
prayer	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
heart	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
imagining	VBG
what	WP
you	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
like	IN
when	WRB
you	PRP
arew	VBP
my	PRP$
age	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
praying	VBG
that	IN
you	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
like	IN
me	PRP
.	.
my	PRP$
sweet	JJ
darling	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
so	RB
precious	JJ
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
let	VB
anyone	NN
ever	RB
tell	VB
you	PRP
differently	RB
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
keep	VB
from	IN
running	VBG
my	PRP$
hand	NN
over	IN
your	PRP$
soft	JJ
downy	JJ
hair	NN
and	CC
snuggling	VBG
you	PRP
close	VB
to	TO
breathe	VB
in	IN
your	PRP$
baby	NN
scent	NN
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
so	RB
innocent	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
so	RB
jaded	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
not	RB
yet	RB
spoken	VBN
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
used	VBN
the	DT
gift	NN
of	IN
language	NN
to	TO
lie	VB
and	CC
deceive	VB
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
not	RB
yet	RB
taken	VBN
your	PRP$
first	JJ
steps	NNS
and	CC
my	PRP$
feet	NNS
have	VBP
carried	VBN
me	PRP
into	IN
countless	JJ
dirty	JJ
bathrooms	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
secrets	NNS
while	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
many	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
too	RB
ashamed	JJ
to	TO
speak	VB
of	IN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
foolish	JJ
enough	RB
to	TO
pray	VB
for	IN
your	PRP$
innocence	NN
to	TO
be	VB
never-ending	JJ
,	,
but	CC
please	VB
,	,
whatever	WDT
hurts	VBZ
you	PRP
may	MD
encounter	VB
do	VB
not	RB
let	VB
yourself	PRP
react	VB
like	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
and	CC
become	VB
like	IN
me	PRP
.	.
While	IN
you	PRP
were	VBD
off	RB
safe	JJ
in	IN
your	PRP$
mommy	NN
's	POS
arms	NNS
this	DT
afternoon	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
fighting	VBG
a	DT
desperate	JJ
battle	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
health	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
sanity	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
trying	VBG
to	TO
stop	VB
myself	PRP
from	IN
purging	VBG
,	,
from	IN
slowly	RB
committing	VBG
suicide	NN
.	.
And	CC
you	PRP
know	VBP
what	WP
?	.
You	PRP
were	VBD
my	PRP$
inspiration	NN
.	.
I	PRP
told	VBD
myself	PRP
that	IN
i	FW
wanted	VBD
to	TO
come	VB
to	TO
you	PRP
tonight	RB
and	CC
hold	VB
you	PRP
without	IN
also	RB
holding	VBG
the	DT
heavy	JJ
guilt	NN
of	IN
failure	NN
,	,
of	IN
another	DT
day	NN
wasted	VBN
,	,
another	DT
backwards	RB
step	NN
in	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
And	CC
so	IN
I	PRP
continued	VBD
fighting	VBG
for	IN
all	DT
that	IN
you	PRP
represent	VBP
;	:
for	IN
in	IN
you	PRP
I	PRP
see	VBP
the	DT
future	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
have	VB
if	IN
only	RB
I	PRP
would	MD
choose	VB
life	NN
.	.
Even	RB
as	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
screaming	VBG
in	IN
my	PRP$
arms	NNS
now	RB
because	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
so	RB
tired	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
pray	VBP
that	IN
as	IN
you	PRP
grow	VBP
older	JJR
you	PRP
will	MD
continue	VB
screaming	VBG
.	.
Scream	VB
at	IN
the	DT
magazines	NNS
and	CC
TV	NN
shows	NNS
that	WDT
parade	NN
unnaturally	RB
beautiful	JJ
women	NNS
before	IN
your	PRP$
eyes	NNS
.	.
Scream	VB
at	IN
the	DT
advertisements	NNS
and	CC
commercials	NNS
that	WDT
glorify	VBP
an	DT
unhealthy	JJ
ideal	NN
of	IN
thinness	NN
.	.
Scream	VB
at	IN
the	DT
diet	NN
campaigns	NNS
that	WDT
promote	VBP
weight	NN
loss	NN
as	IN
the	DT
key	NN
to	TO
happiness	NN
.	.
Scream	VB
at	IN
a	DT
society	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
horribly	RB
,	,
dangerously	RB
,	,
disillusioned	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
hope	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
you	PRP
will	MD
fight	VB
against	IN
these	DT
things	NNS
as	IN
hard	JJ
as	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
fighting	VBG
against	IN
the	DT
sleep	NN
that	WDT
your	PRP$
tiny	JJ
body	NN
so	RB
desperately	RB
craves	VBZ
.	.
Sleep	VB
is	VBZ
about	IN
to	TO
overtake	VB
you	PRP
now	RB
.	.
Your	PRP$
eyelids	NNS
are	VBP
growing	VBG
heavier	JJR
and	CC
staying	VBG
closed	JJ
longer	RBR
before	IN
popping	VBG
open	JJ
for	IN
one	CD
last	JJ
look	NN
at	IN
the	DT
world	NN
as	IN
you	PRP
see	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
Your	PRP$
tiny	JJ
pink	JJ
mouth	NN
opens	VBZ
wide	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
yawn	NN
before	IN
closing	VBG
around	RB
your	PRP$
thumb	NN
,	,
effectively	RB
replacing	VBG
your	PRP$
shrieks	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
comforting	JJ
sound	NN
of	IN
sucking	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
smile	VBP
a	DT
painful	JJ
smile	NN
at	IN
the	DT
irony	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
all	DT
for	IN
sleep	NN
has	VBZ
overtaken	VBN
you	PRP
like	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
has	VBZ
overtaken	VBN
me	PRP
.	.
Before	IN
you	PRP
even	RB
existed	VBD
as	IN
a	DT
dream	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
crying	VBG
out	RP
,	,
screaming	VBG
for	IN
attention	NN
,	,
for	IN
release	NN
from	IN
a	DT
mindless	JJ
existence-except	JJ
no	DT
one	NN
heard	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
But	CC
wait-someone	NN
did	VBD
hear	VB
me	PRP
.	.
Society	NNP
heard	VBD
me	PRP
and	CC
slyly	RB
promised	VBD
me	PRP
happiness	NN
in	IN
exchange	NN
for	IN
losing	VBG
a	DT
couple	NN
of	IN
pounds	NNS
.	.
Slowly	RB
,	,
subtly	RB
,	,
while	IN
I	PRP
ate	VBD
lies	NNS
and	CC
lost	VBD
weight	NN
,	,
while	IN
I	PRP
gained	VBD
a	DT
thinner	JJR
body	NN
and	CC
lost	VBD
my	PRP$
health	NN
,	,
while	IN
I	PRP
succumed	VBD
to	TO
maddening	JJ
sadness	NN
and	CC
lost	VBD
my	PRP$
laughter	NN
,	,
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
crept	VBD
into	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
took	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
silenced	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
obsession	NN
,	,
the	DT
addiction	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
all	DT
and	CC
I	PRP
became	VBD
one	CD
more	JJR
statistic	NN
in	IN
a	DT
growing	VBG
set	NN
of	IN
numbers	NNS
.	.
Now	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
fighting	VBG
to	TO
wake	VB
up	RP
,	,
to	TO
shed	VB
this	DT
stupor	NN
of	IN
death	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
eyes	NNS
are	VBP
like	IN
yours	NNS
:	:
sometimes	RB
popping	VBG
wide	JJ
open	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
moment	NN
of	IN
epiphany	NN
but	CC
more	RBR
often	RB
than	IN
not	RB
staying	VBG
closed	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
world	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
too	RB
critical	JJ
,	,
too	RB
demanding	VBG
,	,
too	RB
harsh	JJ
,	,
too	RB
competitive	JJ
,	,
too	RB
thin	JJ
,	,
and	CC
too	RB
big	JJ
all	DT
at	IN
once	RB
.	.
Maybe	RB
soon	RB
or	CC
maybe	RB
not	RB
for	IN
a	DT
while	NN
,	,
but	CC
eventually	RB
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
start	VB
screaming	VBG
again	RB
.	.
And	CC
maybe	RB
soon	RB
or	CC
maybe	RB
not	RB
for	IN
a	DT
while	NN
,	,
but	CC
eventually	RB
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
start	VB
fighting	VBG
again	RB
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
time	NN
comes	VBZ
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
scream	VB
and	CC
fight	VB
,	,
know	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
for	IN
you	PRP
,	,
Katie	NNP
Joy	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
millions	NNS
of	IN
other	JJ
innocent	JJ
girls	NNS
like	IN
you	PRP
whom	WP
I	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
screaming	VBG
and	CC
fighting	VBG
for	IN
.	.
Tomorrow	NN
I	PRP
receive	VBP
my	PRP$
30	CD
day	NN
chip	NN
from	IN
Overeater	NNP
's	POS
Anonymous	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
become	VBN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
hated	VBD
when	WRB
I	PRP
walked	VBD
in	IN
to	TO
those	DT
meetings	NNS
months	NNS
ago	RB
.	.
One	CD
of	IN
``	``
those	DT
''	''
with	IN
a	DT
sponsor	NN
and	CC
a	DT
food	NN
plan	NN
and	CC
a	DT
relationship	NN
with	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
power	NN
.	.
I	PRP
say	VBP
my	PRP$
fight	NN
with	IN
bulimia	NN
started	VBD
10	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
but	CC
in	IN
truth	NN
my	PRP$
problems	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
started	VBD
much	RB
earlier	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
remember	VB
as	IN
a	DT
child	NN
throwing	VBG
a	DT
tantrum	NN
if	IN
my	PRP$
dad	NN
ate	VBD
my	PRP$
favorite	JJ
donut	NN
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
dozen	NN
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
tell	VB
you	PRP
one	CD
costume	NN
I	PRP
wore	VBD
as	IN
a	DT
kid	NN
at	IN
Halloween	NNP
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
can	MD
still	RB
see	VB
the	DT
large	JJ
plastic	NN
clear	JJ
bowl	NN
that	IN
me	PRP
put	VBD
the	DT
candy	NN
in	IN
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
remember	VB
sneaking	VBG
in	IN
to	TO
the	DT
kitchen	NN
and	CC
opening	VBG
the	DT
refrigerator	NN
,	,
the	DT
light	NN
hit	VBD
the	DT
bowl	NN
and	CC
all	PDT
the	DT
pretty	JJ
wrappers	NNS
lit	VBD
up	RP
like	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
heaven	NN
.	.
And	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
,	,
food	NN
was	VBD
my	PRP$
heaven	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
hell	NN
and	CC
everything	NN
in	IN
between	IN
.	.
So	RB
,	,
being	VBG
bulimic	JJ
became	VBD
it	PRP
,	,
the	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
eat	VB
at	IN
work	NN
and	CC
then	RB
go	VB
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
restrooms	NNS
downtown	NN
where	WRB
the	DT
bums	NNS
were	VBD
to	TO
throw	VB
up	RP
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
find	VB
a	DT
public	JJ
toilet	NN
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
drive	VB
my	PRP$
car	NN
out	IN
to	TO
the	DT
woods	NNS
or	CC
a	DT
vacant	JJ
lot	NN
to	TO
throw	VB
up	RP
.	.
I	PRP
took	VBD
food	NN
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
trash	NN
,	,
took	VBD
food	NN
out	IN
of	IN
people	NNS
's	POS
lunches	NNS
,	,
took	VBD
food	NN
from	IN
other	JJ
people	NNS
's	POS
homes	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
had	VBD
someone	NN
living	NN
with	IN
me	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
drive	VB
30	CD
minutes	NNS
on	IN
my	PRP$
lunch	NN
break	NN
to	TO
my	PRP$
parent	NN
's	POS
house	NN
to	TO
throw	VB
up	RP
since	IN
no	DT
one	NN
was	VBD
home	NN
during	IN
the	DT
day	NN
.	.
Ah	UH
,	,
yes	UH
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*	NN
laxatives	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
tried	VBD
your	PRP$
garden	NN
variety	NN
pill	NN
ones	NNS
but	CC
they	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
cut	VB
it	PRP
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
diagnosed	VBN
with	IN
ulcerative	JJ
colitis	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
bulimia	NN
related	VBN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
sure	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
colonoscopy	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
then	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
got	VBD
very	RB
familar	JJ
with	IN
this	DT
product	NN
.	.
Fast	RB
acting	VBG
and	CC
extremely	RB
powerful	JJ
,	,
even	RB
for	IN
a	DT
medical	JJ
procedure	NN
prep	NN
,	,
only	RB
1\/3	CD
to	TO
1\/2	CD
a	DT
bottle	NN
was	VBD
consumed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
drinking	VBG
a	DT
bottle	NN
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
``	``
liked	VBD
''	''
it	PRP
because	IN
if	IN
you	PRP
had	VBD
n't	RB
thrown	VBN
up	RP
all	PDT
the	DT
food	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
stomach	NN
,	,
this	DT
stuff	NN
would	MD
make	VB
you	PRP
sick	JJ
to	TO
your	PRP$
stomach	NN
.	.
For	IN
a	DT
bulimic	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
win-win	JJ
situation	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
and	CC
out	IN
of	IN
therapy	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
still	RB
go	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
dumb	JJ
enough	RB
to	TO
think	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
need	VB
professional	JJ
help	NN
!	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
barely	RB
kept	VBN
myself	PRP
out	RP
on	IN
in-patient	JJ
treatment	NN
but	CC
I	PRP
usually	RB
could	MD
pull	VB
it	PRP
together	RB
for	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
5-6	CD
days	NNS
to	TO
``	``
show	VB
''	''
the	DT
doctors	NNS
I	PRP
was	VBD
trying	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
anemic	JJ
and	CC
covered	VBN
in	IN
ugly	JJ
bruises	NNS
all	DT
over	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
puffy	JJ
sometimes	RB
from	IN
the	DT
laxatives	NNS
which	WDT
made	VBD
me	PRP
want	VB
to	TO
throw	VB
up	RP
and	CC
take	VB
more	JJR
.	.
Every	DT
day	NN
my	PRP$
face	NN
hurt	VBN
so	RB
bad	JJ
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
ruining	VBG
my	PRP$
parotid	NN
saliva	NN
glands	NNS
.	.
All	PDT
the	DT
acid	NN
from	IN
throwing	VBG
up	RP
and	CC
then	RB
dehydration	NN
had	VBD
burned	VBN
them	PRP
and	CC
left	VBD
lesions	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
always	RB
had	VBD
an	DT
infection	NN
in	IN
there	RB
and	CC
constantly	RB
ran	VBD
a	DT
low	JJ
grade	NN
fever	NN
.	.
Those	DT
sores	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
saliva	NN
glands	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
ones	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
mouth	NN
could	MD
turn	VB
cancerous	JJ
-	:
a	DT
scare	NN
tactic	NN
shrink	VB
told	VBD
me	PRP
,	,
only	RB
a	DT
matter	NN
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
Today	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
late	JJ
stage	NN
terminal	NN
bulimic	JJ
with	IN
31	CD
days	NNS
recovery	NN
.	.
The	DT
lesions	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
damage	NN
to	TO
my	PRP$
saliva	NN
glands	NNS
are	VBP
still	RB
there	RB
and	CC
I	PRP
never	RB
followed	VBD
up	RP
on	IN
the	DT
tests	NNS
for	IN
my	PRP$
heart	NN
.	.
It	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
quite	RB
awhile	RB
before	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
the	DT
extent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
permanent	JJ
damage	NN
I	PRP
've	VBP
done	VBN
to	TO
myself	PRP
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
electrolytes	NNS
,	,
metabolism	NN
,	,
being	VBG
able	JJ
to	TO
get	VB
pregnant	JJ
,	,
heart	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
Funny	JJ
thing	NN
about	IN
recovery	NN
-	:
I	PRP
was	VBD
terrified	VBN
of	IN
gaining	VBG
weight	NN
if	IN
I	PRP
followed	VBD
a	DT
food	NN
plan	NN
and	CC
had	VBD
an	DT
excercise	NN
limit	NN
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
weigh	VBP
less	JJR
now	RB
than	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
height	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
disease	NN
.	.
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
sponsor	NN
is	VBZ
thinking	VBG
about	IN
adding	VBG
more	JJR
food	NN
so	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
get	VB
too	RB
thin	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
body	NN
looks	VBZ
so	RB
much	RB
better	JJR
-	:
stronger	JJR
,	,
healthier	RBR
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
honestly	RB
say	VB
I	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
trade	VB
this	DT
last	JJ
month	NN
for	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
10	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Even	RB
if	IN
I	PRP
relapse	VBP
and	CC
die	VBP
tomorrow	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
so	RB
thankful	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
had	VBN
this	DT
time	NN
to	TO
feel	VB
clear	JJ
and	CC
to	TO
feel	VB
GOOD	NNP
and	CC
to	TO
start	VB
feeling	VBG
love	NN
.	.
Dude	NNP
,	,
just	RB
to	TO
start	VB
feeling	NN
.	.
Tomorrow	NN
,	,
I	PRP
get	VBP
my	PRP$
30	CD
day	NN
chip	NN
at	IN
Overeater	NNP
's	POS
Anonymous	JJ
.	.
Today	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
still	RB
a	DT
late	JJ
stage	NN
terminal	NN
bulimic	JJ
-	:
taking	VBG
it	PRP
one	CD
day	NN
at	IN
a	DT
time	NN
.	.
Trying	VBG
to	TO
make	VB
my	PRP$
life	NN
better	JJR
and	CC
healthier	RBR
and	CC
stronger	JJR
one	CD
day	NN
,	,
one	CD
hour	NN
,	,
one	CD
minute	NN
at	IN
a	DT
time	NN
.	.
You	PRP
tried	VBD
to	TO
kill	VB
me	PRP
last	JJ
Friday	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
hate	VBP
you	PRP
.	.
No	DT
,	,
I	PRP
hate	VBP
me	PRP
,	,
because	IN
I	PRP
almost	RB
allowed	VBD
you	PRP
to	TO
succeed	VB
.	.
God	NNP
,	,
Ana	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
had	VBD
finally	RB
told	VBN
you	PRP
off	RP
,	,
sent	VBN
you	PRP
away	RB
,	,
banished	VBN
you	PRP
from	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
for	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
time	NN
.	.
But	CC
no	DT
of	IN
course	NN
not	RB
-	:
you	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
come	VB
back	RB
,	,
because	IN
you	PRP
knew	VBD
.	.
You	PRP
knew	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
secretely	RB
waiting	VBG
for	IN
you	PRP
,	,
knew	VBD
I	PRP
would	MD
unwilling	JJ
accept	VB
you	PRP
back	RB
with	IN
open	JJ
arms	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
no	RB
longer	RBR
my	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
used	VBD
me	PRP
against	IN
myself	PRP
-	:
my	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
n't	RB
allowed	VBN
inside	IN
my	PRP$
head	NN
anymore	RB
,	,
I	PRP
told	VBD
you	PRP
,	,
but	CC
you	PRP
took	VBD
right	RB
over	IN
!	.
I	PRP
hate	VBP
that	DT
.	.
You	PRP
used	VBD
them	PRP
against	IN
me	PRP
too	RB
-	:
their	PRP$
coments	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
insecurities	NNS
-	:
you	PRP
twisted	VBD
demented	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
security	NN
won	VBD
me	PRP
over	IN
once	RB
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
let	VBP
you	PRP
in	IN
a	DT
little	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
refused	VBD
to	TO
give	VB
you	PRP
full	JJ
control	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
again	RB
.	.
But	CC
for	IN
you	PRP
,	,
a	DT
little	JJ
is	VBZ
more	JJR
than	IN
enough	RB
.	.
Your	PRP$
weapon	NN
of	IN
choice	NN
this	DT
time	NN
?	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
if	IN
it	PRP
matters	VBZ
-	:
you	PRP
are	VBP
poison	NN
in	IN
any	DT
form	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
diet	NN
pills	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
attacked	VBD
like	IN
never	RB
before	RB
on	IN
Friday	NNP
morning	NN
-	:
leaving	VBG
me	PRP
unable	JJ
to	TO
move	VB
,	,
stand	VB
up	RP
,	,
see	VB
straight	RB
,	,
or	CC
control	VB
my	PRP$
shaking	VBG
and	CC
profuse	JJ
sweating	NN
.	.
You	PRP
paralyzed	VBD
me	PRP
with	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
fear	NN
.	.
You	PRP
tried	VBD
to	TO
kill	VB
,	,
but	CC
Ana	NNP
-	:
YOU	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
die	VB
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBN
enough	JJ
and	CC
this	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
last	JJ
straw	NN
.	.
Get	VB
out	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
leave	VBP
me	PRP
alone	RB
.	.
DIE	VB
.	.
I	PRP
hate	VBP
you	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
will	MD
never	RB
allow	VB
this	DT
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
done	VBN
with	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
ready	JJ
to	TO
live	VB
my	PRP$
own	JJ
life	NN
-	:
free	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
demons	NNS
known	VBN
as	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
,	,
and	CC
depression	NN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
place	NN
here	RB
-	:
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
welcome	JJ
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
it	PRP
.	.
AS	IN
I	PRP
sit	VBP
here	RB
,	,
approximately	RB
one	CD
hour	NN
before	IN
the	DT
ensuing	VBG
year	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
bombarded	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
urge	NN
for	IN
a	DT
natural	JJ
catharsis	NN
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
experience	VB
the	DT
natural	JJ
euphoria	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
non-bulimic\/bulimerxic	JJ
\/	NN
non-confused	JJ
about	IN
eating	VBG
.	.
The	DT
past	JJ
six	CD
months	NNS
qualify	VBP
as	IN
a	DT
fictional	JJ
tale	NN
of	IN
a	DT
talented	JJ
,	,
yet	RB
twisted	VBN
young	JJ
woman	NN
.	.
But	CC
,	,
contrary	JJ
to	TO
what	WP
people	NNS
think	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
know	VBP
the	DT
past	JJ
months	NNS
were	VBD
n't	RB
an	DT
illusion	NN
,	,
a	DT
nightmare	NN
,	,
or	CC
dream	NN
,	,
but	CC
simply	RB
the	DT
reality	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
As	IN
I	PRP
sit	VBP
here	RB
,	,
prepared	JJ
to	TO
welcome	VB
the	DT
new	JJ
year	NN
with	IN
new	JJ
expectations	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
must	MD
admit	VB
that	IN
an	DT
overwhelming	JJ
anxiety	NN
is	VBZ
gripping	VBG
my	PRP$
mind	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
type	NN
this	DT
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
change	VB
my	PRP$
horrid	JJ
ways	NNS
!	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
actually	RB
wanted	VBN
to	TO
change	VB
for	IN
the	DT
past	NN
6	CD
months	NNS
,	,
but	CC
somehow	RB
continued	VBD
to	TO
travel	VB
down	RP
the	DT
destructive	JJ
and	CC
all-consuming	JJ
ED	NNP
path	NN
.	.
Every	DT
day	NN
was	VBD
deemed	VBN
,	,
``	``
the	DT
beginning	NN
''	''
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
but	CC
by	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
day	NN
,	,
after	IN
succumbing	VBG
to	TO
lost	VBN
control	NN
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
deemed	VBN
``	``
the	DT
final	JJ
day	NN
that	WDT
concluded	VBD
the	DT
vicious	JJ
cycle	NN
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
guess	VBP
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
fortunate	JJ
enough	RB
to	TO
have	VB
only	RB
endured	VBD
6	CD
months	NNS
of	IN
``	``
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
''	''
hell	NN
,	,
but	CC
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
most	RBS
painful	JJ
and	CC
tragic	JJ
time	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Fortunately	RB
after	IN
being	VBG
in	IN
intensive	JJ
therapy	NN
for	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
2.5	CD
months	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
identify	VB
why	WRB
I	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
what	WP
triggers	VBZ
my	PRP$
bulimic	JJ
impulses	NNS
,	,
and	CC
cherish	VB
my	PRP$
sincere	JJ
will	NN
to	TO
live	VB
.	.
HOWEVER	NNP
,	,
the	DT
problem	NN
lies	VBZ
in	IN
my	PRP$
inability	NN
to	TO
depart	VB
from	IN
this	DT
addictive	JJ
cycle	NN
I	PRP
created	VBD
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
this	DT
sounds	VBZ
trite	JJ
,	,
but	CC
,	,
my	PRP$
``	``
Mia	NNP
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
bulimia	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
sometimes	RB
!	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
escape	VB
my	PRP$
anxieties	NNS
,	,
fears	NNS
,	,
and	CC
frustrations	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
turn	VBP
to	TO
her\/it	VB
for	IN
temporal	JJ
support	NN
,	,
comfort	NN
,	,
and	CC
understanding	NN
.	.
But	CC
,	,
after	IN
every	DT
encounter	NN
with	IN
her	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
become	VBP
even	RB
more	RBR
entangled	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
life	NN
marred	VBN
by	IN
adolescent	JJ
abandonment	NN
,	,
confusion	NN
,	,
and	CC
depression	NN
.	.
I	PRP
acknowledge	VBP
my	PRP$
dependency	NN
on	IN
bulimia	NN
and	CC
vow	NN
to	TO
change	VB
,	,
but	CC
need	VBP
an	DT
appropriate	JJ
occasion	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
21	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
struggled	VBN
with	IN
self-doubt	NN
,	,
self-hatred	JJ
,	,
starvation	NN
,	,
fear	NN
,	,
alienation	NN
,	,
physical	JJ
pain	NN
,	,
and	CC
mental	JJ
pain	NN
for	IN
almost	RB
6	CD
years	NNS
now	RB
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
recovery	NN
for	IN
almost	RB
a	DT
year	NN
now	RB
.	.
And	CC
after	IN
months	NNS
and	CC
months	NNS
of	IN
searching	VBG
for	IN
that	DT
one	CD
big	JJ
break	NN
through	IN
that	DT
would	MD
explain	VB
to	TO
me	PRP
why	WRB
I	PRP
rather	RB
spend	VBP
a	DT
Friday	NNP
night	NN
in	IN
bed	NN
from	IN
exhaustion	NN
or	CC
over	IN
a	DT
toilet	NN
,	,
than	IN
out	RP
with	IN
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
tiniest	JJS
revelations	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
in	IN
your	PRP$
struggle	NN
to	TO
overcome	VB
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
used	VBD
to	TO
spend	VB
hours	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
gym	NN
,	,
or	CC
sitting	VBG
behind	IN
my	PRP$
desk	NN
at	IN
work	NN
constantly	RB
reminding	VBG
myself	PRP
how	WRB
fat	JJ
and	CC
ugly	JJ
and	CC
undeserving	JJ
of	IN
food	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
.	.
Slowly	RB
these	DT
thoughts	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
replaced	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
con	NN
!	.
scious	JJ
effort	NN
to	TO
tell	VB
myself	PRP
something	NN
positive	JJ
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
I	PRP
find	VBP
it	PRP
hard	JJ
to	TO
believe	VB
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
good	JJ
human	JJ
being	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
I	PRP
deserve	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
nourished	VBN
and	CC
energized	VBN
.	.
''	''
``	``
The	DT
world	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
kind	NN
and	CC
loving	JJ
place	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
offer	VB
peace	NN
to	TO
anyone	NN
who	WP
will	MD
embrace	VB
it	PRP
.	.
''	''
``	``
I	PRP
deserve	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
loved	VBN
and	CC
respected	VBN
,	,
most	RBS
importantly	RB
by	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
''	''
Do	VBP
n't	RB
listen	VB
to	TO
what	WP
anybody	NN
else	RB
tells	VBZ
you	PRP
.	.
``	``
You	PRP
look	VBP
great	JJ
.	.
''	''
``	``
How	WRB
did	VBD
you	PRP
do	VBP
it	PRP
?	.
''	''
``	``
You	PRP
're	VBP
way	RB
too	RB
skinny	JJ
.	.
''	''
``	``
Hey	NNP
,	,
you	PRP
look	VBP
anorexic	JJ
!	.
''	''
Their	PRP$
messages	NNS
will	MD
always	RB
be	VB
mixed	JJ
,	,
and	CC
you	PRP
will	MD
never	RB
get	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
answer	NN
from	IN
everybody	NN
.	.
Listen	VB
to	TO
your	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
Listen	VB
to	TO
how	WRB
it	PRP
aches	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
cries	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
longs	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
protected	VBN
and	CC
cherished	VBN
.	.
Recognize	VB
how	WRB
your	PRP$
mind	NN
is	VBZ
tired	VBN
from	IN
racing	VBG
around	RP
in	IN
circles	NNS
day	NN
in	IN
and	CC
day	NN
out	RB
.	.
You	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
work	VB
or	CC
study	VB
because	IN
you	PRP
feel	VBP
the	DT
way	NN
your	PRP$
stomach	NN
touches	NNS
your	PRP$
shirt	NN
and	CC
the	DT
way	NN
your	PRP$
socks	NNS
fit	VBP
around	RP
your	PRP$
ankles	NNS
.	.
And	CC
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
sleep	VB
because	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
is	VBZ
writhing	VBG
in	IN
pain	NN
.	.
Everyday	JJ
,	,
work	NN
harder	RBR
and	CC
harder	RBR
to	TO
be	VB
kind	NN
to	TO
yourself	PRP
the	DT
way	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
to	TO
everyone	NN
else	RB
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
You	PRP
say	VBP
you	PRP
are	VBP
my	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
,	,
but	CC
how	WRB
can	MD
that	WDT
be	VB
?	.
A	DT
best	JJS
friend	NN
is	VBZ
always	RB
there	RB
when	WRB
you	PRP
need	VBP
them	PRP
,	,
always	RB
knows	VBZ
how	WRB
you	PRP
're	VBP
feeling	VBG
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
cheer	VB
you	PRP
up	RP
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
always	RB
talk	VB
to	TO
them	PRP
and	CC
know	VB
they	PRP
will	MD
understand	VB
,	,
but	CC
best	JJS
of	IN
all	DT
,	,
a	DT
best	JJS
friend	NN
would	MD
never	RB
hurt	VB
you	PRP
!	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
true	JJ
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
usually	RB
with	IN
me	PRP
,	,
you	PRP
always	RB
know	VBP
how	WRB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
feeling	NN
,	,
and	CC
you	PRP
're	VBP
always	RB
talking	VBG
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
But	CC
there	EX
's	VBZ
something	NN
about	IN
you	PRP
Ana	NNP
,	,
how	WRB
I	PRP
know	VBP
your	PRP$
not	RB
good	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
with	IN
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
trying	VBG
to	TO
hurt	VB
me	PRP
!	.
Sure	RB
,	,
you	PRP
tell	VBP
me	PRP
you	PRP
're	VBP
only	RB
helping	VBG
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
i	FW
listened	VBD
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
listened	VBD
to	TO
only	RB
you	PRP
!	.
But	CC
why	WRB
are	VBP
you	PRP
trying	VBG
to	TO
hurt	VB
me	PRP
?	.
How	WRB
can	MD
i	FW
know	VBP
you	PRP
are	VBP
bad	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
but	CC
i	FW
cant	FW
get	VB
away	RB
from	IN
you	PRP
?	.
Today	NN
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
true	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
admitted	VBD
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
problem	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
problem	NN
is	VBZ
with	IN
the	DT
thing	NN
inside	IN
me	PRP
that	IN
everyday	JJ
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
I	PRP
am	VBP
no	DT
good	JJ
,	,
makes	VBZ
me	PRP
feel	VB
insecure	RB
,	,
unhappy	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
like	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
anything	NN
anymore	RB
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
sure	JJ
of	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
really	RB
look	VBP
like	IN
,	,
how	WRB
good	JJ
I	PRP
am	VBP
at	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
do	VBP
,	,
whether	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
chance	NN
.	.
People	NNS
tell	VBP
me	PRP
different	JJ
things	NNS
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
who	WP
to	TO
believe	VB
.	.
Sometimes	RB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
even	RB
sure	JJ
I	PRP
am	VBP
!	.
I	PRP
go	VBP
to	TO
my	PRP$
physciatrist	NN
who	WP
one	CD
week	NN
is	VBZ
telling	VBG
me	PRP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
killing	VBG
myself	PRP
,	,
another	DT
she	PRP
says	VBZ
`	``
you	PRP
know	VBP
you	PRP
have	VBP
n't	RB
actually	RB
been	VBN
anorexic	JJ
,	,
just	RB
showed	VBD
severe	JJ
signs	NNS
'	POS
.	.
What	WP
does	VBZ
that	IN
mean	VB
?	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
sentences	NNS
I	PRP
have	VBP
written	VBN
and	CC
deleted	VBN
,	,
because	IN
saying	VBG
them	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
me	PRP
saying	VBG
them	PRP
,	,
not	RB
the	DT
person	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
.	.
That	DT
's	VBZ
my	PRP$
illness	NN
talking	VBG
.	.
Bizarre	JJ
!	.
But	CC
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
point	NN
in	IN
hiding	VBG
the	DT
truth	NN
,	,
especially	RB
if	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
kidding	VBG
yourself	PRP
.	.
The	DT
person	NN
you	PRP
can	MD
hurt	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
is	VBZ
you	PRP
.	.
Your	PRP$
greatest	JJS
friend	NN
can	MD
be	VB
you	PRP
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
let	VBP
yourself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
why	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
like	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
Some	DT
days	NNS
I	PRP
can	MD
answer	VB
,	,
because	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
me	PRP
!	.
All	PDT
this	DT
is	VBZ
going	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
me	PRP
somewhere	RB
,	,
teach	VB
me	PRP
something	NN
.	.
Even	RB
if	IN
that	DT
thing	NN
is	VBZ
how	WRB
to	TO
love	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	DT
.	.
Lots	NNS
of	IN
me	PRP
is	VBZ
telling	VBG
me	PRP
not	RB
toaccept	JJ
that	IN
,	,
but	CC
by	IN
writing	VBG
it	PRP
I	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
meaning	VBG
it	PRP
somehow	RB
.	.
I	PRP
always	RB
say	VBP
what	WP
I	PRP
mean	VBP
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
spur	VB
of	IN
the	DT
moment	NN
,	,
because	IN
that	DT
's	VBZ
what	WP
I	PRP
mean	VBP
at	IN
that	DT
particular	JJ
moment	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
!	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
find	VBP
it	PRP
hard	JJ
to	TO
follow	VB
my	PRP$
own	JJ
advice	NN
,	,
so	RB
sometimes	RB
its	PRP$
better	JJR
to	TO
ignore	VB
me	PRP
when	WRB
I	PRP
give	VBP
advice	NN
to	TO
others	NNS
.	.
That	DT
's	VBZ
your	PRP$
desision	NN
.	.
All	DT
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
say	VB
is	VBZ
talk	VB
to	TO
people	NNS
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
suffer	VB
alone	RB
,	,
in	IN
silence	NN
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
entitled	VBN
to	TO
tell	VB
people	NNS
how	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
feeling	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
found	VBN
some	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
closest	JJS
friends	NNS
,	,
who	WP
just	RB
listen	VBP
when	WRB
I	PRP
need	VBP
them	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
they	PRP
are	VBP
there	RB
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
Sometimes	RB
just	RB
knowing	VBG
that	IN
helps	VBZ
.	.
Your	PRP$
black	JJ
cloud	NN
no	RB
longer	RB
looms	VBZ
over	IN
me	PRP
.	.
Trying	VBG
desperately	RB
to	TO
break	VB
my	PRP$
spirit	NN
and	CC
abolish	VB
my	PRP$
dreams	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
life	NN
.	.
You	PRP
,	,
the	DT
evil	NN
and	CC
powerful	JJ
demon	NN
inside	IN
my	PRP$
mind	NN
.	.
You	PRP
demean	VBP
me	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
tell	VBP
me	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
fat	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
no	DT
good	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
must	MD
die	VB
and	CC
you	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
let	VB
me	PRP
live	VB
.	.
Why	WRB
do	VBP
you	PRP
say	VB
such	JJ
hurtful	JJ
things	NNS
?	.
Upsetting	VBG
my	PRP$
soul	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
poor	JJ
heart	NN
cries	VBZ
out	RP
.	.
It	PRP
hurts	VBZ
;	:
you	PRP
hurt	VBP
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
trying	VBG
to	TO
fight	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
all	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
might	NN
.	.
That	DT
's	VBZ
what	WP
my	PRP$
therapist	NN
says	VBZ
I	PRP
should	MD
do	VB
.	.
Well	RB
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
telling	VBG
you	PRP
,	,
``	``
NO	UH
''	''
,	,
none	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
evil	JJ
words	NNS
are	VBP
true	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
empowered	VBN
with	IN
strentgh	JJ
and	CC
love	NN
.	.
You	PRP
know	VBP
nothing	NN
about	IN
love	NN
,	,
only	RB
hate	NN
.	.
Guess	VB
what	WP
?	.
You	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
hurt	VB
me	PRP
anymore	RB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
worthwhile	JJ
person	NN
with	IN
so	RB
many	JJ
desirable	JJ
qualities	NNS
and	CC
you	PRP
,	,
my	PRP$
nasty	JJ
combatant	NN
,	,
can	MD
not	RB
change	VB
that	DT
.	.
Not	RB
with	IN
anything	NN
you	PRP
say	VBP
or	CC
do	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
slamming	VBG
the	DT
door	NN
on	IN
that	DT
part	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
past	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
other	JJ
nasty	JJ
memories	NNS
.	.
That	DT
's	VBZ
right	RB
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
nothing	NN
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
memory	NN
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
taking	VBG
control	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
you	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
ever	RB
again	RB
tell	VB
me	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
fat	JJ
.	.
Oh	UH
,	,
I	PRP
bet	VBP
you	PRP
're	VBP
just	RB
fuming	VBG
with	IN
rage	NN
.	.
Have	NNP
I	PRP
offended	VBD
you	PRP
in	IN
some	DT
way	NN
?	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
tough	JJ
is	VBZ
n't	RB
it	PRP
,	,
when	WRB
you	PRP
feel	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
control	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
believe	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
capable	JJ
of	IN
feeling	VBG
sadness	NN
,	,
only	RB
for	IN
use	NN
as	IN
a	DT
manipulation	NN
.	.
Now	RB
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
realize	VB
how	WRB
I	PRP
've	VBP
felt	VBN
all	PDT
these	DT
years	NNS
.	.
Powerless	JJ
,	,
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
,	,
sadness	NN
and	CC
frustration	NN
,	,
to	TO
name	VB
a	DT
few	JJ
.	.
Listen	VB
carefully	RB
to	TO
what	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
saying	VBG
,	,
``	``
I	PRP
am	VBP
taking	VBG
over	RP
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
not	RB
yours	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
nothing	NN
but	CC
the	DT
filth	NN
that	WDT
builds	VBZ
up	RP
around	IN
the	DT
bottom	NN
of	IN
a	DT
toilet	NN
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
will	MD
fight	VB
this	DT
tooth	NN
and	CC
nail	NN
.	.
Go	VB
ahead	RB
,	,
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
scare	VB
me	PRP
anymore	RB
and	CC
I	PRP
assure	VBP
you	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
win	VB
this	DT
fight	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
taken	VBN
me	PRP
a	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
of	IN
time	NN
to	TO
see	VB
that	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
special	JJ
gift	NN
.	.
That	DT
I	PRP
am	VBP
special	JJ
.	.
So	RB
,	,
try	VB
and	CC
try	VB
with	IN
all	DT
that	IN
you	PRP
've	VBP
got	VBN
because	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
free	JJ
from	IN
your	PRP$
spell	NN
.	.
Today	NN
,	,
I	PRP
choose	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
free	JJ
.	.
By	IN
chance	NN
,	,
extremely	RB
random	JJ
chance	NN
,	,
I	PRP
discovered	VBD
that	IN
my	PRP$
sister	NN
has	VBZ
also	RB
been	VBN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
.	.
ALthough	IN
,	,
perhaps	RB
due	JJ
to	TO
age	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
admittedly	RB
been	VBN
a	DT
member	NN
far	RB
longer	RBR
than	IN
my	PRP$
sister	NN
has	VBZ
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
extremely	RB
comforting	JJ
to	TO
find	VB
out	RP
that	IN
my	PRP$
sister	NN
,	,
too	RB
,	,
has	VBZ
finally	RB
sought	VBN
out	RP
her	PRP$
own	JJ
sources	NNS
of	IN
help	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
key	NN
here	RB
is	VBZ
:	:
her	PRP$
own	JJ
sources	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
SO	RB
in	IN
light	NN
of	IN
this	DT
recent	JJ
discovery	NN
I	PRP
thought	VBD
it	PRP
appropriate	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
share	VBP
a	DT
personal	JJ
essay	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
written	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
composition	NN
class	NN
at	IN
Vassar	NNP
College	NNP
with	IN
my	PRP$
sister	NN
--	:
After	IN
sharing	VBG
the	DT
work	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
sister	NN
I	PRP
thought	VBD
inspired	VBN
to	TO
share	VB
it	PRP
with	IN
the	DT
site	NN
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
it	PRP
offers	VBZ
help	NN
to	TO
anyone	NN
who	WP
may	MD
need	VB
it	PRP
.	.
The	DT
music	NN
stops	VBZ
blaring	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
moment	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
hear	VBP
the	DT
click	NN
of	IN
the	DT
lock	NN
.	.
From	IN
upstairs	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
bedroom	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
sister	NN
's	POS
voice	NN
rings	VBZ
out	RP
with	IN
agitation	NN
What	WP
?	.
What	WP
?	.
What	WP
?	.
My	PRP$
mother	NN
knows	VBZ
by	IN
now	RB
that	DT
to	TO
expect	VB
a	DT
coherent	JJ
,	,
responsive	JJ
answer	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
sister	NN
is	VBZ
futile	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
mother	NN
asks	VBZ
her	PRP$
if	IN
she	PRP
wants	VBZ
raviolis	NNS
for	IN
dinner	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
maybe	RB
she	PRP
asks	VBZ
her	PRP$
if	IN
she	PRP
needs	VBZ
help	NN
on	IN
her	PRP$
math	NN
assignment	NN
or	CC
if	IN
she	PRP
needs	VBZ
a	DT
ride	NN
home	NN
from	IN
school	NN
tomorrow	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
but	CC
only	RB
the	DT
music	NN
responds	VBZ
,	,
answering	VBG
my	PRP$
mother	NN
with	IN
ambivalence	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
sister	NN
dances	NNS
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
mirrors	VBZ
aware	JJ
of	IN
her	PRP$
reflection	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
blonde	JJ
hair	NN
hangs	VBZ
loose	JJ
against	IN
her	PRP$
shoulders	NNS
,	,
emphasizing	VBG
the	DT
bony	NN
,	,
almost	RB
too	RB
bony	JJ
structure	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
eyes	NNS
are	VBP
brown	JJ
but	CC
in	IN
certain	JJ
light	NN
they	PRP
transform	VBP
to	TO
green	JJ
,	,
turning	VBG
her	PRP$
into	IN
an	DT
alluring	JJ
cat-like	JJ
creature	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
arms	NNS
evaporate	VB
into	IN
air	NN
with	IN
precise	JJ
rhythmic	JJ
motions	NNS
.	.
And	CC
she	PRP
watches	VBZ
herself	PRP
dance	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
dance	NN
and	CC
dance	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
until	IN
streams	NNS
of	IN
salty	NN
water	NN
run	VB
down	RB
her	PRP$
cheeks	NNS
and	CC
arms	NNS
and	CC
legs	NNS
.	.
Upstairs	RB
the	DT
music	NN
stops	VBZ
blaring	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
moment	NN
,	,
again	RB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
hear	VBP
the	DT
door	NN
unlock	VBP
.	.
Shut	VBN
UP	RP
!	.
Shuuuut	NNP
uP	NNP
!	.
I	PRP
ask	VBP
her	PRP
to	TO
turn	VB
the	DT
music	NN
off	RP
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
I	PRP
tell	VBP
her	PRP$
she	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
dance	VB
or	CC
that	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
fat	JJ
and	CC
rather	RB
ugly	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
She	PRP
stands	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
stairway	NN
looking	VBG
down	RP
at	IN
me	PRP
.	.
Her	PRP$
stomach	NN
shows	VBZ
below	IN
her	PRP$
light	JJ
blue	JJ
tank	NN
top	NN
.	.
Shadows	NNS
darken	VBP
her	PRP$
body	NN
where	WRB
her	PRP$
bones	NNS
indent	VBP
.	.
Pale	NNP
shades	NNS
of	IN
pink	JJ
contor	NN
the	DT
region	NN
below	IN
her	PRP$
cheekbone	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
skin	NN
is	VBZ
almost	RB
transparent	JJ
.	.
The	DT
corners	NNS
of	IN
her	PRP$
eyes	NNS
crinkle	VBP
when	WRB
I	PRP
look	VBP
at	IN
her	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
sister	NN
is	VBZ
sixteen	CD
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
tall	JJ
silhouette	NN
that	WDT
walks	VBZ
,	,
talks	NNS
,	,
and	CC
on	IN
occasion	NN
eats	VBZ
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
kitchen	NN
table	NN
she	PRP
sits	VBZ
poking	VBG
at	IN
her	PRP$
food	NN
.	.
Blonde	JJ
strands	NNS
of	IN
hair	NN
hide	VB
her	PRP$
eyes	NNS
.	.
No	DT
sauce	NN
.	.
I	PRP
SAID	VBD
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
sauce	NN
on	IN
them	PRP
!	.
My	PRP$
mother	NN
serves	VBZ
dinner	NN
and	CC
we	PRP
eat	VBP
together	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
mother	NN
talks	NNS
about	IN
her	PRP
day	NN
at	IN
work	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
about	IN
my	PRP$
grandfather	NN
's	POS
health	NN
or	CC
my	PRP$
father	NN
's	POS
new	JJ
girlfriend	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
I	PRP
watch	VBP
my	PRP$
sister	NN
.	.
She	PRP
concentrates	VBZ
on	IN
removing	VBG
the	DT
ricotta	NN
from	IN
the	DT
ravioli	NNS
shells	NNS
.	.
At	IN
college	NN
I	PRP
receive	VBP
a	DT
call	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
mother	NN
.	.
She	PRP
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
that	IN
my	PRP$
sister	NN
is	VBZ
gaining	VBG
weight	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
that	IN
my	PRP$
sister	NN
is	VBZ
losing	VBG
weight	NN
or	CC
that	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
seeing	VBG
a	DT
counselor	NN
now	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
lay	VBD
on	IN
my	PRP$
bed	NN
,	,
allowing	VBG
the	DT
phone	NN
to	TO
rest	VB
on	IN
a	DT
pillow	NN
next	IN
to	TO
my	PRP$
head	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
mother	NN
should	MD
know	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
receive	VB
calls	NNS
before	IN
noon	NN
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
frame	NN
on	IN
the	DT
desk	NN
next	IN
to	TO
my	PRP$
bed	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
picture	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
sister	NN
,	,
the	DT
only	JJ
picture	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
I	PRP
have	VBP
with	IN
me	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
wears	VBZ
the	DT
blue	NN
tank	NN
top	NN
,	,
the	DT
same	JJ
one	CD
she	PRP
dances	NNS
in	IN
,	,
and	CC
form-fitting	JJ
pants	NNS
:	:
white	JJ
with	IN
blue	JJ
flowers	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
faces	VBZ
away	RB
from	IN
the	DT
camera	NN
,	,
unaware	JJ
of	IN
me	PRP
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
her	PRP$
lips	NNS
pucker	VB
.	.
Her	PRP$
arms	NNS
,	,
bent	NN
at	IN
the	DT
elbows	NNS
,	,
rest	NN
on	IN
her	PRP$
hips	NNS
.	.
Get	VB
out	IN
of	IN
here	RB
NOW	RB
!	.
What	WP
are	VBP
you	PRP
doing	VBG
?	.
I	PRP
talk	VBP
to	TO
my	PRP$
mother	NN
for	IN
some	DT
time	NN
.	.
I	PRP
express	VBP
my	PRP$
desires	NNS
,	,
hopes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
fears	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
understand	VB
my	PRP$
witty	JJ
remarks	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
feel	VBP
my	PRP$
intelligence	NN
draining	VBG
the	DT
phone	NN
waves	NNS
.	.
Static	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
not	RB
paid	VBN
my	PRP$
cell	NN
phone	NN
bill	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
nine	CD
dollars	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
checking	NN
account	NN
.	.
A	DT
moment	NN
later	RB
we	PRP
hang	VBP
up	RP
.	.
I	PRP
toss	VBP
the	DT
phone	NN
on	IN
my	PRP$
bed	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
sister	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
.	.
She	PRP
plays	VBZ
field	NN
hockey	NN
and	CC
takes	VBZ
standardized	JJ
testing	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
learning	VBG
to	TO
drive	VB
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
popular	JJ
and	CC
has	VBZ
many	JJ
friends	NNS
,	,
or	CC
at	IN
least	JJS
it	PRP
appears	VBZ
this	DT
way	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
,	,
Scott	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
not	RB
her	PRP$
boyfriend	NN
or	CC
so	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
told	VBN
.	.
He	PRP
's	VBZ
just	RB
my	PRP$
friend	NN
,	,
Leeanne	NNP
.	.
Ugh	NN
!	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
only	RB
friends	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
talk	VB
about	IN
sex	NN
.	.
The	DT
October	NNP
air	NN
is	VBZ
crisp	JJ
and	CC
a	DT
blanket	NN
of	IN
brown	JJ
,	,
red	JJ
,	,
and	CC
gold	NN
leaves	VBZ
temporarily	RB
warms	VBZ
the	DT
ground	NN
.	.
The	DT
smell	NN
is	VBZ
pungent	JJ
and	CC
reminiscent	JJ
of	IN
something	NN
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
procure	VB
from	IN
memory	NN
.	.
I	PRP
place	VBP
a	DT
cigarette	NN
between	IN
my	PRP$
lips	NNS
and	CC
light	JJ
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
.	.
Germany	NNP
,	,
early	JJ
summer	NN
mornings	NNS
,	,
cold	JJ
air	NN
against	IN
my	PRP$
face	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
ride	VBP
to	TO
class	NN
through	IN
town	NN
on	IN
a	DT
ten	CD
speed	NN
bike	NN
.	.
The	DT
summer	NN
before	IN
last	JJ
I	PRP
studied	VBD
in	IN
Germany	NNP
.	.
My	PRP$
sister	NN
spent	VBD
the	DT
summer	NN
at	IN
home	NN
in	IN
Massachusetts	NNP
with	IN
my	PRP$
mother	NN
.	.
In	IN
late	JJ
July	NNP
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
returned	VBD
,	,
my	PRP$
sister	NN
tramped	VBD
around	IN
the	DT
backyard	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
two	CD
piece	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
I	PRP
look	VBP
fat	JJ
?	.
Mom	NN
,	,
Leeanne	NNP
says	VBZ
I	PRP
'm	VBP
fat	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
no	RB
longer	RB
fit	VB
into	IN
her	PRP$
clothes	NNS
.	.
Academically	RB
my	PRP$
sister	NN
does	VBZ
well	RB
in	IN
school	NN
,	,
but	CC
like	IN
me	PRP
she	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
hard	JJ
time	NN
listening	VBG
.	.
Attention	NN
deficit	NN
disorder	NN
runs	VBZ
on	IN
my	PRP$
mother	NN
's	POS
side	NN
of	IN
the	DT
family	NN
but	CC
neither	DT
my	PRP$
sister	NN
nor	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
diagnosed	VBN
.	.
My	PRP$
sister	NN
gets	VBZ
headaches	NNS
;	:
my	PRP$
mother	NN
has	VBZ
migraines	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
focus	VB
in	IN
school	NN
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
do	VB
my	PRP$
homework	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
feel	VB
well	RB
today	NN
.	.
Can	MD
I	PRP
stay	VB
home	NN
?	.
The	DT
teacher	NN
is	VBZ
speaking	VBG
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
taking	VBG
notes	NNS
and	CC
making	VBG
eye	NN
contact	NN
with	IN
her	PRP
,	,
but	CC
what	WP
is	VBZ
she	PRP
saying	VBG
?	.
Something	NN
philosophical	JJ
perhaps	RB
.	.
She	PRP
acquaints	VBZ
us	PRP
with	IN
Wittgenstein	NNP
:	:
``	``
One	CD
is	VBZ
unable	JJ
to	TO
notice	VB
something	NN
-	:
because	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
always	RB
before	IN
one	CD
's	POS
eyes	NNS
.	.
''	''
Or	CC
maybe	RB
he	PRP
talks	VBZ
of	IN
Milton	NNP
,	,
of	IN
poetry	NN
and	CC
unrequited	JJ
love	NN
.	.
Chicken	NNP
scratch	NN
in	IN
black	JJ
ink	NN
.	.
I	PRP
doodle	VBP
in	IN
my	PRP$
notebooks	NNS
,	,
so	RB
does	VBZ
my	PRP$
sister	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
name	NN
is	VBZ
inscribed	VBN
in	IN
gold	NN
somewhere	RB
in	IN
my	PRP$
high	JJ
school	NN
.	.
Leeanne	NNP
Nagle	NNP
:	:
Class	NN
of	IN
1998	CD
Most	JJS
All-Around	JJ
Outstanding	JJ
Graduate	NN
.	.
A	DT
duplicated	VBN
plaque	NN
hangs	VBZ
in	IN
my	PRP$
living	NN
room	NN
.	.
Former	JJ
teachers	NNS
remind	VBP
my	PRP$
sister	NN
to	TO
send	VB
their	PRP$
hellos	NNS
to	TO
me	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
perhaps	RB
they	PRP
ask	VB
how	WRB
I	PRP
like	VBP
Vassar	NNP
or	CC
what	WP
my	PRP$
future	NN
plans	NNS
are	VBP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
My	PRP$
sister	NN
clenches	VBZ
her	PRP$
teeth	NNS
,	,
opens	VBZ
her	PRP$
lips	NNS
slowly	RB
and	CC
speaks	VBZ
:	:
Hello	UH
from	IN
X	NNP
,	,
hello	UH
from	IN
Y	NNP
,	,
hello	UH
from	IN
Z.	NNP
She	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
a	DT
liberal	JJ
arts	NNS
college	NN
.	.
Upstairs	RB
in	IN
her	PRP$
bedroom	NN
my	PRP$
sister	NN
is	VBZ
dancing	VBG
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
mirrors	VBZ
.	.
Why	WRB
do	VBP
you	PRP
always	RB
look	VBP
at	IN
yourself	PRP
?	.
Mom	NN
,	,
Leeanne	NNP
is	VBZ
always	RB
looking	VBG
at	IN
herself	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
mirrors	VBZ
.	.
No	DT
,	,
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
look	VB
fat	JJ
.	.
Her	PRP$
shoulder	NN
blades	NNS
protrude	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
count	VB
the	DT
bones	NNS
in	IN
her	PRP$
back	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
arms	NNS
are	VBP
pale	JJ
and	CC
hang	VB
by	IN
her	PRP$
side	NN
,	,
one	CD
skinnier	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
wrap	VB
my	PRP$
fingers	NNS
around	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Look	VB
at	IN
my	PRP$
muscles	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
no	DT
muscle	NN
.	.
Talk	NN
to	TO
her	PRP
.	.
Talk	NN
to	TO
her	PRP$
?	.
If	IN
you	PRP
talk	VBP
to	TO
nothing	NN
,	,
will	MD
it	PRP
listen	VB
?	.
Can	MD
it	PRP
hear	VB
you	PRP
?	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
looking	VBG
at	IN
dark	JJ
circles	NNS
under	IN
eyes	NNS
,	,
bones	NNS
and	CC
disproportionate	JJ
limbs	NNS
,	,
delicate	JJ
hair	NN
turned	VBD
limp	JJ
and	CC
falling	VBG
out	RP
.	.
Turn	NN
the	DT
music	NN
off	RB
and	CC
she	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
dance	VB
.	.
She	PRP
stares	VBZ
me	PRP
down	RP
and	CC
slams	VBZ
the	DT
door	NN
loudly	RB
;	:
turns	VBZ
the	DT
lock	NN
.	.
The	DT
music	NN
resumes	VBZ
and	CC
she	PRP
dances	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
walk	VBP
downstairs	RB
.	.
Ambivalence	NN
.	.
Upstairs	RB
the	DT
music	NN
is	VBZ
blaring	VBG
.	.
She	PRP
likes	VBZ
pop	NN
music	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
read	VBN
her	PRP$
diary	NN
.	.
Upper	NNP
left	VBD
hand	NN
sock	NN
drawer	NN
,	,
shoved	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
back	NN
.	.
Lined	VBN
pages	NNS
bound	VBN
by	IN
pink	JJ
stained	JJ
leather	NN
.	.
Words	NNS
,	,
sentences	NNS
,	,
confessions	NNS
scrawled	VBD
in	IN
ink	NN
and	CC
held	VBN
in	IN
place	NN
by	IN
one	CD
golden	JJ
thread	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
crush	NN
,	,
her	PRP$
father	NN
is	VBZ
mean	JJ
,	,
her	PRP$
mother	NN
overbearing	VBG
,	,
she	PRP
is	VBZ
fat	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
annoying	JJ
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
n't	RB
my	PRP$
diary	NN
I	PRP
remind	VBP
myself	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
cover	VBP
it	PRP
with	IN
socks	NNS
and	CC
close	VB
the	DT
drawer	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
sister	NN
.	.
She	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
talk	VB
about	IN
sex	NN
or	CC
drinking	NN
or	CC
drugs	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
too	RB
immature	JJ
for	IN
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
find	VBP
her	PRP
a	DT
bothersome	JJ
teen	NN
molded	VBN
by	IN
pop	NN
culture	NN
.	.
I	PRP
ask	VBP
her	PRP
to	TO
visit	VB
me	PRP
at	IN
school	NN
and	CC
she	PRP
refuses	VBZ
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
drink	VB
with	IN
my	PRP$
sister	NN
and	CC
talk	NN
about	IN
sex	NN
.	.
Another	DT
drink	NN
?	.
Come	VBN
on	IN
.	.
Really	RB
,	,
he	PRP
said	VBD
it	PRP
was	VBD
eight	CD
inches	NNS
?	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
bond	NN
,	,
establish	VB
a	DT
friendship	NN
,	,
but	CC
we	PRP
are	VBP
too	RB
much	JJ
alike	RB
.	.
I	PRP
reach	VBP
my	PRP$
hand	NN
out	RP
to	TO
her	PRP$
but	CC
I	PRP
grab	VBP
my	PRP$
own	JJ
hand	NN
by	IN
mistake	NN
.	.
No	DT
one	NN
listens	VBZ
.	.
Everyone	NN
doodles	NNS
,	,
etching	VBG
side	NN
notes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
margins	NNS
.	.
Things	NNS
to	TO
do	VB
,	,
who	WP
to	TO
call	VB
,	,
a	DT
poem	NN
.	.
Another	DT
breezy	JJ
day	NN
and	CC
outside	IN
the	DT
trees	NNS
are	VBP
rustling	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
listening	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
teacher	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
to	TO
my	PRP$
mother	NN
or	CC
to	TO
myself	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Brown	NNP
eyes	NNS
turning	VBG
green	JJ
;	:
vacant	JJ
eyes	NNS
staring	VBG
at	IN
me	PRP
,	,
drowning	VBG
me	PRP
in	IN
an	DT
emptiness	NN
so	RB
comforting	JJ
and	CC
familiar	JJ
.	.
Listen	VB
.	.
Listen	VB
?	.
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
even	RB
listen	VB
to	TO
myself	PRP
.	.
A	DT
memory	NN
.	.
The	DT
rays	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
noon	NN
sun	NN
tickle	VBP
the	DT
corners	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
eyes	NNS
as	IN
I	PRP
sit	VBP
convulsing	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
bathroom	NN
floor	NN
.	.
The	DT
white	JJ
linoleum	NN
tiles	NNS
rub	VBP
cold	JJ
against	IN
my	PRP$
knees	NNS
as	IN
I	PRP
grasp	VBP
my	PRP$
porcelain	NN
goddess	NN
,	,
thanking	VBG
her	PRP$
for	IN
this	DT
opportunity	NN
.	.
The	DT
whiteness	NN
of	IN
the	DT
toilet	NN
seat	NN
reflects	VBZ
my	PRP$
face	NN
.	.
I	PRP
see	VBP
a	DT
girl	NN
with	IN
sad	JJ
,	,
vacant	JJ
eyes	NNS
;	:
eyes	NNS
void	VB
of	IN
passion	NN
.	.
Brown	NNP
eyes	NNS
that	WDT
look	VBP
black	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
hair	NN
,	,
brown	JJ
and	CC
straggly	RB
,	,
droops	VBZ
forward	RB
and	CC
sticks	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
corners	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
mouth	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
overwhelmed	VBN
with	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
The	DT
sun	NN
's	POS
rays	NNS
seep	VBP
through	IN
the	DT
bathroom	NN
window	NN
,	,
elucidating	VBG
the	DT
pink	JJ
that	DT
surrounds	VBZ
me	PRP
:	:
pink	JJ
flowers	NNS
,	,
pink	JJ
shower	VBP
curtain	NN
,	,
pink	JJ
carpet	NN
.	.
I	PRP
grasp	VBP
the	DT
sides	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
toilet	NN
seat	NN
and	CC
lunge	NN
forward	RB
.	.
With	IN
three	CD
fingers	NNS
down	IN
my	PRP$
throat	NN
,	,
I	PRP
vomit	VBP
up	RP
the	DT
remnants	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
lunch	NN
.	.
As	IN
the	DT
toilet	NN
flushes	VBZ
the	DT
remains	NNS
of	IN
tomato	JJ
soup	NN
and	CC
orange	NN
juice	NN
blend	VB
into	IN
a	DT
perfect	JJ
shade	NN
of	IN
pink	JJ
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
stand	VBP
up	RP
the	DT
fluorescent	JJ
light	JJ
flickers	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
look	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
and	CC
watch	VB
the	DT
drool	JJ
run	NN
slowly	RB
down	IN
my	PRP$
face	NN
before	IN
I	PRP
wipe	VBP
it	PRP
away	RB
.	.
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
whatever	WDT
you	PRP
are	VBP
I	PRP
hate	VBP
you	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
my	PRP$
hangman	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
torture	VBP
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
destroying	VBG
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Everyday	JJ
you	PRP
make	VBP
my	PRP$
life	NN
so	RB
difficult	JJ
,	,
so	RB
miserable	JJ
and	CC
hard	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
make	VBP
me	PRP
damn	JJ
each	DT
day	NN
,	,
you	PRP
make	VBP
me	PRP
feel	VB
so	RB
stupid	JJ
,	,
addleheaded	JJ
,	,
out	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
mind	NN
.	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
think	VB
,	,
my	PRP$
mind	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
mess	NN
,	,
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
concentrate	VB
,	,
I	PRP
miss	VBP
the	DT
point	NN
.	.
You	PRP
make	VBP
me	PRP
fell	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
control	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
acts	NNS
and	CC
my	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
everything	NN
wrong	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
damn	RB
me	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
feel	VBP
guilty	JJ
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
always	RB
nervous	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
desesperate	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
weak	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
tired	JJ
,	,
somedays	NNS
I	PRP
only	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
sleep	VB
,	,
although	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
present	JJ
also	RB
in	IN
my	PRP$
dreams	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
dizzy	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
in	IN
deep	JJ
water	NN
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
deeply	RB
sad	JJ
it	PRP
's	VBZ
awful	JJ
.	.
it	PRP
's	VBZ
scary	JJ
.	.
Persons	NNS
around	IN
me	PRP
think	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
just	RB
have	VBP
to	TO
try	VB
and	CC
to	TO
clear	VB
my	PRP$
mind	NN
of	IN
strange	JJ
or	CC
negative	JJ
ideas	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
seems	VBZ
so	RB
easy	JJ
,	,
a	DT
thing	NN
of	IN
willpower	NN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
n't	RB
so	RB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
tried	VBN
so	RB
many	JJ
times	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
wreck	NN
.	.
They	PRP
also	RB
think	VBP
or	CC
tell	VBP
me	PRP
again	RB
and	CC
again	RB
that	IN
certainly	RB
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
die	VB
and	CC
that	DT
's	VBZ
why	WRB
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
eat	VB
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
n't	RB
so	RB
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
die	VB
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
live	VB
without	IN
feeling	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
already	RB
died	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
like	IN
a	DT
zombie	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
my	PRP$
own	JJ
severe	JJ
judge	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
enemy	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
relation	NN
with	IN
food	NN
is	VBZ
so	RB
strange	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
n't	RB
tasty	JJ
anymore	RB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
eat	VB
,	,
but	CC
...	:
I	PRP
go	VBP
to	TO
therapy	NN
once	RB
a	DT
week	NN
,	,
sometimes	RB
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
go	VB
,	,
I	PRP
avoid	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
Sometimes	RB
I	PRP
regret	VBP
having	VBG
asked	VBN
for	IN
help	NN
and	CC
for	IN
having	VBG
talked	VBN
about	IN
my	PRP$
problem	NN
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
that	IN
everybody	NN
wants	VBZ
to	TO
take	VB
away	RP
something	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
mine	JJ
,	,
that	IN
in	IN
someway	NN
I	PRP
need	VBP
this	DT
,	,
although	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
it	PRP
will	MD
wound	VB
me	PRP
.	.
Mom	NN
,	,
dad	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
sweat	NN
love	NN
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
so	RB
sorry	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
never	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
make	VB
you	PRP
pass	VB
through	IN
this	DT
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
never	RB
wanted	VBN
to	TO
hurt	VB
,	,
to	TO
worry	VB
you	PRP
or	CC
to	TO
disillusion	NN
you	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
grateful	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
life	NN
you	PRP
have	VBP
given	VBN
me	PRP
.	.
Thanks	NNS
for	IN
your	PRP$
support	NN
,	,
patience	NN
and	CC
therapy	NN
,	,
medecines	NNS
,	,
all	DT
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
cried	VBN
so	RB
much	RB
for	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
Maybe	RB
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
even	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
much	JJ
I	PRP
care	VBP
about	IN
you	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
sorry	JJ
.	.
Imagine	VB
life	NN
with	IN
an	DT
obsession	NN
for	IN
food	NN
.	.
To	TO
not	RB
go	VB
a	DT
single	JJ
day	NN
,	,
a	DT
single	JJ
hour	NN
,	,
a	DT
single	JJ
minute	NN
without	IN
thinking	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
,	,
or	CC
craving	NN
for	IN
it	PRP
.	.
And	CC
then	RB
think	VB
of	IN
how	WRB
you	PRP
should	MD
n't	RB
,	,
how	WRB
you	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
,	,
how	WRB
you	PRP
must	MD
n't	RB
think	VB
of	IN
food	NN
,	,
touch	NN
food	NN
and	CC
worst	JJS
of	IN
all	DT
consume	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
explain	VB
it	PRP
,	,
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
rationalise	VB
it	PRP
,	,
you	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
force	VB
yourself	PRP
to	TO
think	VB
about	IN
how	WRB
you	PRP
're	VBP
destroying	VBG
yourself	PRP
,	,
piece	NN
by	IN
piece	NN
,	,
bit	NN
by	IN
bit	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
standing	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
scales	NNS
,	,
slowing	VBG
removing	VBG
piece	NN
by	IN
piece	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
clothing	NN
,	,
unable	JJ
to	TO
stand	VB
the	DT
revulsion	NN
if	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
gained	VBN
,	,
or	CC
even	RB
stayed	VBD
the	DT
same	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
acknowledge	VB
whats	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
mind	NN
,	,
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
on	RP
a	DT
separate	JJ
entity	NN
with	IN
you	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
feel	VB
it	PRP
filling	VBG
this	DT
void	NN
,	,
this	DT
emptiness	NN
inside	IN
you	PRP
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
hurts	VBZ
beyond	IN
belief	NN
to	TO
know	VB
that	IN
no	DT
one	NN
else	RB
can	MD
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
never	RB
felt	VBN
so	RB
alone	RB
,	,
so	RB
worthless	JJ
as	IN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
listening	VBG
to	TO
it	PRP
's	VBZ
voice	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'd	MD
watch	VB
everyone	NN
else	RB
,	,
urge	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
eat	VB
,	,
feel	VB
triumphant	JJ
when	WRB
they	PRP
ate	VBD
`	``
fat	JJ
'	''
and	CC
when	WRB
I	PRP
ate	VBD
nothing	NN
.	.
I	PRP
got	VBD
lucky	JJ
though	IN
,	,
I	PRP
realized	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
sick	JJ
after	IN
I	PRP
collapsed	VBD
,	,
and	CC
collapsed	VBD
and	CC
collapsed	VBD
.	.
My	PRP$
body	NN
could	MD
no	RB
longer	RB
take	VB
the	DT
pitiful	JJ
amount	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
offering	VBG
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
no	RB
longer	RB
hungry	JJ
,	,
in	IN
a	DT
sense	NN
by	IN
then	RB
I	PRP
no	RB
longer	RBR
existed	VBN
.	.
Nothing	NN
worked	VBD
on	IN
me	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
could	MD
and	CC
would	MD
resist	VB
everything	NN
.	.
I	PRP
became	VBD
a	DT
captive	JJ
,	,
the	DT
bars	NNS
being	VBG
my	PRP$
willpower	NN
,	,
how	WRB
much	JJ
I	PRP
could	MD
forgoe	VB
,	,
how	WRB
much	JJ
I	PRP
could	MD
contain	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
fought	VBD
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
fought	VBD
what	WP
consumed	VBD
me	PRP
and	CC
possessed	VBD
me	PRP
as	IN
hard	JJ
as	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
.	.
I	PRP
'd	MD
cry	VB
at	IN
the	DT
dinner	NN
table	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
bring	VB
myself	PRP
to	TO
eat	VB
what	WP
was	VBD
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
me	PRP
.	.
Even	RB
when	WRB
I	PRP
think	VBP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
winning	VBG
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
think	VBP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
in	IN
control	NN
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
then	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
ceased	VBD
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
need	VBP
food	NN
to	TO
live	VB
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
of	IN
it	PRP
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
restriction	NN
,	,
a	DT
game	NN
with	IN
myself	PRP
that	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
ate	VBD
less	JJR
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
winner	NN
.	.
Now	RB
though	RB
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
a	DT
winner	NN
if	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
hear	VB
the	DT
voice	NN
that	WDT
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
that	IN
and	CC
ignore	VB
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
better	RB
yet	RB
,	,
I	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
better	JJR
until	IN
I	PRP
no	RB
longer	RBR
hear	VB
the	DT
voice	NN
inside	IN
urging	VBG
me	PRP
not	RB
to	TO
eat	VB
,	,
better	JJR
still	RB
when	WRB
I	PRP
acknowledge	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
voice	NN
is	VBZ
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
best	JJS
when	WRB
I	PRP
no	RB
longer	RBR
think	VB
about	IN
it	PRP
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
getting	VBG
there	RB
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
days	NNS
when	WRB
I	PRP
feel	VBP
my	PRP$
old	JJ
self	NN
threatening	VBG
to	TO
overwhelm	VB
me	PRP
I	PRP
plow	VBP
on	IN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
escape	VB
my	PRP$
prison	NN
,	,
but	CC
how	WRB
do	VBP
you	PRP
fight	VB
it	PRP
when	WRB
the	DT
prison	NN
is	VBZ
yourself	PRP
?	.
To	TO
all	PDT
those	DT
who	WP
have	VBP
been	VBN
there	RB
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
those	DT
who	WP
will	MD
travel	VB
down	RP
my	PRP$
road	NN
,	,
I	PRP
wish	VBP
you	PRP
luck	NN
.	.
As	IN
far	RB
back	RB
as	IN
i	FW
can	MD
remember	VB
,	,
I	PRP
've	VBP
hated	VBN
how	WRB
I	PRP
look	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
grew	VBD
up	RP
in	IN
dance	NN
competitions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
performances	NNS
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
swithced	VBD
over	IN
to	TO
cheerleading	NN
so	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
always	RB
been	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
social	JJ
spotlight	NN
so	RB
to	TO
speak	VB
.	.
The	DT
pressure	NN
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
has	VBZ
always	RB
been	VBN
amplified	VBN
.	.
There	EX
has	VBZ
always	RB
been	VBN
someone	NN
there	RB
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
I	PRP
knew	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
good	JJ
enough	RB
,	,
talented	JJ
enough	RB
...	:
thin	JJ
enough	JJ
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
memory	NN
of	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
of	IN
being	VBG
humiliated	VBN
because	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
from	IN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
about	IN
9	CD
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
at	IN
a	DT
dance	NN
competition	NN
waiting	VBG
to	TO
recieve	VB
my	PRP$
solo	NN
costume	NN
very	RB
last	JJ
minute	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
dance	NN
teacher	NN
came	VBD
over	IN
to	TO
my	PRP$
mother	NN
and	CC
said	VBD
,	,
''	''
I	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
idea	NN
what	WP
this	DT
costume	NN
is	VBZ
going	VBG
to	TO
look	VB
like	IN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
told	VBD
hem	NN
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
it	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
skirt	NN
.	.
She	PRP
needs	VBZ
a	DT
skirt	NN
to	TO
cover	VB
those	DT
legs	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
'd	MD
never	RB
put	VB
her	PRP$
on	IN
a	DT
stage	NN
in	IN
a	DT
bodysuit	NN
without	IN
a	DT
long	RB
enough	RB
skirt	NN
.	.
''	''
And	CC
that	DT
's	VBZ
where	WRB
it	PRP
all	DT
started	VBD
.	.
From	IN
then	RB
on	IN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
always	RB
self-concious	JJ
of	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
always	RB
small	JJ
for	IN
my	PRP$
age	NN
.	.
In	IN
eighth	JJ
grade	NN
,	,
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
fat	JJ
cow	NN
.	.
Those	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
comments	NNS
would	MD
pop	VB
up	RP
at	IN
dance	NN
every	DT
now	RB
and	CC
again	RB
,	,
just	RB
often	RB
enough	JJ
to	TO
make	VB
me	PRP
feel	VB
fat	JJ
without	IN
my	PRP$
studio	NN
looking	VBG
bad	JJ
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
eighth	JJ
grade	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
put	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
back	NN
for	IN
all	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
dances	NNS
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
really	RB
depressed	VBD
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
worked	VBD
hard	JJ
and	CC
got	VBD
much	RB
better	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
went	VBD
on	IN
a	DT
strict	JJ
diet	NN
.	.
The	DT
diet	NN
started	VBD
with	IN
skipping	VBG
breakfast	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
a	DT
healthy	JJ
lunch	NN
and	CC
dinner	NN
.	.
I	PRP
lost	VBD
a	DT
little	JJ
weight	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
dance	NN
teachers	NNS
suddenly	RB
began	VBD
to	TO
like	VB
me	PRP
more	RBR
.	.
So	IN
I	PRP
stopped	VBD
eating	VBG
breakfast	NN
,	,
lunch	NN
and	CC
snacks	NNS
,	,
and	CC
got	VBD
an	DT
even	RB
more	RBR
positive	JJ
response	NN
from	IN
the	DT
dance	NN
community	NN
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
I	PRP
stopped	VBD
eating	VBG
altogether	RB
.	.
I	PRP
stopped	VBD
getting	VBG
my	PRP$
periods	NNS
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
hair	NN
was	VBD
n't	RB
as	IN
shiny	JJ
,	,
but	CC
no	DT
one	NN
noticed	VBD
,	,
because	RB
at	IN
my	PRP$
lowest	JJS
weight	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
still	RB
within	IN
a	DT
healthy	JJ
weight	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
height	NN
.	.
Miracuosly	NNP
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
year	NN
I	PRP
won	VBD
a	DT
dance	NN
scholarship	NN
at	IN
my	PRP$
studio	NN
and	CC
got	VBD
moved	VBN
up	RB
to	TO
the	DT
highest	JJS
level	NN
...	:
hmm	NN
,	,
I	PRP
wonder	VBP
what	WP
message	NN
this	DT
sent	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
Anyway	RB
,	,
I	PRP
got	VBD
sick	JJ
for	IN
about	IN
6	CD
months	NNS
,	,
with	IN
chronic	JJ
fatigue	NN
syndrome	NN
,	,
and	CC
put	VBD
all	DT
my	PRP$
weight	NN
back	RB
on	IN
and	CC
then	RB
some	DT
.	.
Throughout	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
struggle	NN
with	IN
anorexia	NN
had	VBD
increased	VBN
immensily	RB
,	,
and	CC
cheerleading	NN
has	VBZ
played	VBN
a	DT
big	JJ
part	NN
in	IN
it	PRP
.	.
In	IN
10th	JJ
grade	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
male	JJ
coach	NN
told	VBD
me	PRP
I	PRP
was	VBD
too	RB
heavy	JJ
for	IN
anyone	NN
to	TO
ever	RB
list	VB
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
could	MD
never	RB
be	VB
a	DT
flier	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
never	RB
forgotten	VBN
anything	NN
about	IN
that	DT
conversation	NN
.	.
They	PRP
continue	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
me	PRP
feel	VB
fat	JJ
in	IN
small	JJ
ways	NNS
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
time	NN
either	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
coaches	NNS
praised	VBD
how	WRB
I	PRP
looked	VBD
was	VBD
last	JJ
year	NN
in	IN
the	DT
midst	NN
of	IN
a	DT
bad	JJ
anorexia	NN
relapse	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
taken	VBN
off	RP
my	PRP$
shirt	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
only	RB
wearing	VBG
a	DT
sports	NNS
bra	NN
-	:
the	DT
fact	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
thin	JJ
was	VBD
real	JJ
obvious	JJ
-	:
i	FW
remember	VBP
it	PRP
perfectly	RB
.	.
We	PRP
had	VBD
just	RB
finished	VBN
having	VBG
a	DT
lunch	NN
break	NN
,	,
during	IN
which	WDT
I	PRP
ate	VBD
nothing	NN
.	.
I	PRP
stood	VBD
up	RB
and	CC
lifted	VBD
up	RP
my	PRP$
arms	NNS
,	,
making	VBG
my	PRP$
ribs	NNS
stick	VBP
out	RP
more	RBR
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
coach	NN
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
You	PRP
look	VBP
good	JJ
,	,
you	PRP
've	VBP
lost	VBN
wieght	NN
have	VBP
n't	RB
you	PRP
.	.
''	''
The	DT
next	JJ
practice	NN
they	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
a	DT
flier	NN
,	,
and	CC
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
girls	NNS
lifting	VBG
me	PRP
jokingly	RB
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
Jeez	NNP
you	PRP
're	VBP
heavy	JJ
-	:
go	VB
on	IN
a	DT
water	NN
diet	NN
-	:
no	RB
more	RBR
eating	JJ
until	IN
after	IN
the	DT
competition	NN
.	.
''	''
Of	IN
course	NN
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
take	VB
it	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
joke	NN
.	.
So	IN
I	PRP
go	VBP
back	RB
and	CC
forth	RB
now	RB
,	,
from	IN
normal	JJ
to	TO
anorexic	JJ
,	,
on	IN
and	CC
off	IN
,	,
from	IN
month	NN
to	TO
month	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
anorexic	JJ
months	NNS
have	VBP
starting	VBG
to	TO
greatly	RB
out	IN
number	NN
my	PRP$
normal	JJ
ones	NNS
.	.
Im	NNP
starting	VBG
to	TO
wonder	VB
if	IN
i	FW
'll	MD
ever	RB
get	VB
better	JJR
.	.
And	CC
to	TO
think	VB
this	DT
whole	JJ
thing	NN
happened	VBD
because	IN
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
make	VB
them	PRP
all	DT
happy	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
their	PRP$
smiling	VBG
now	RB
,	,
because	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
think	VB
I	PRP
remember	VBP
how	WRB
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
wake	VB
up	RP
everyday	JJ
and	CC
rejoice	VB
in	IN
my	PRP$
independence	NN
and	CC
individuality	NN
--	:
and	CC
relish	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
though	IN
of	IN
finally	RB
feeling	VBG
the	DT
confidence	NN
that	WDT
comes	VBZ
with	IN
knowing	VBG
I	PRP
have	VBP
conquered	VBN
this	DT
``	``
thing	NN
''	''
--	:
though	RB
,	,
not	RB
without	IN
humbling	JJ
myself	PRP
with	IN
the	DT
reminder	NN
of	IN
`	``
how	WRB
and	CC
why	WRB
'	''
it	PRP
all	DT
works	NNS
:	:
hard	JJ
work	NN
and	CC
discipline	NN
.	.
Right	RB
?	.
I	PRP
woke	VBD
up	RP
bloated	JJ
,	,
so	RB
on	IN
top	NN
of	IN
that	IN
I	PRP
feel	VBP
stuffed	VBN
.	.
My	PRP$
stomach	NN
feels	VBZ
like	IN
an	DT
added	VBN
growth	NN
on	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
that	IN
gets	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
way	NN
every	DT
move	NN
or	CC
thought	NN
I	PRP
make	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
stop	VB
thinking	VBG
about	IN
how	WRB
much	JJ
I	PRP
hate	VBP
my	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
how	WRB
disgusting	JJ
it	PRP
is	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
much	JJ
work	NN
it	PRP
will	MD
take	VB
to	TO
change	VB
it	PRP
.	.
Just	RB
yesterday	NN
I	PRP
started	VBD
my	PRP$
whole	JJ
life	NN
over	IN
.	.
I	PRP
exercised	VBD
for	IN
four	CD
hours	NNS
and	CC
did	VBD
not	RB
binge	NN
at	IN
all	DT
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
it	PRP
all	DT
planned	VBN
out	RP
how	WRB
I	PRP
could	MD
lose	VB
a	DT
whole	JJ
lot	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
in	IN
just	RB
twenty-three	CD
days	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
only	RB
would	MD
have	VB
had	VBN
to	TO
exercise	VB
nine	CD
hours	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
I	PRP
lie	VBP
to	TO
myself	PRP
constantly	RB
.	.
I	PRP
live	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
make	NN
believe	VBP
world	NN
.	.
This	DT
new	JJ
life	NN
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
make	VB
me	PRP
beautiful	JJ
again	RB
and	CC
happy	JJ
.	.
Right	RB
now	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
about	IN
my	PRP$
fifth	JJ
to	TO
eigth	JJ
year	NN
in	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
ever	RB
vomited	VBD
to	TO
purge	VB
was	VBD
about	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
looked	VBD
at	IN
me	PRP
you	PRP
could	MD
never	RB
tell	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
practicing	VBG
bulemic	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
only	RB
a	DT
few	JJ
pounds	NNS
overweight	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
underweight	JJ
,	,
overweight	JJ
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
normal	JJ
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
overexercised	VBN
,	,
starved	VBN
,	,
binged	VBN
,	,
overate	NN
,	,
and	CC
purged	VBD
.	.
Right	RB
now	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
compulsivly	JJ
overeating	NN
and	CC
binging	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
eaten	VBN
more	RBR
in	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
six	CD
months	NNS
then	RB
probaly	RB
the	DT
whole	JJ
year	NN
before	IN
.	.
I	PRP
eat	VBP
and	CC
eat	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
steal	VBP
food	NN
.	.
I	PRP
make	VBP
a	DT
scene	NN
in	IN
the	DT
grocery	NN
store	NN
.	.
I	PRP
lie	VBP
to	TO
everyone	NN
.	.
I	PRP
stay	VBP
at	IN
home	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
very	RB
many	JJ
friends	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
stay	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
bad	JJ
relationship	NN
.	.
I	PRP
fail	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
fail	VBP
at	IN
school	NN
.	.
I	PRP
fail	VBP
in	IN
relationships	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
fail	VBP
.	.
Feeling	VBG
thin	JJ
.	.
Is	VBZ
thin	JJ
a	DT
feeling	NN
?	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
help	VB
it	PRP
.	.
Ninety-eight	JJ
percent	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
day	NN
is	VBZ
wasted	VBN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
no	DT
lie	NN
or	CC
exaggeration	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
daydreams	NNS
are	VBP
of	IN
being	VBG
thin	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
dreams	NNS
are	VBP
of	IN
being	VBG
thin	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
life	NN
goals	NNS
are	VBP
of	IN
being	VBG
thin	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
passion	NN
in	IN
life	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
sick	JJ
of	IN
this	DT
but	CC
everyday	JJ
I	PRP
start	VBP
the	DT
whole	JJ
same	JJ
pattern	NN
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
waste	VBP
time	NN
.	.
I	PRP
waste	VBP
energy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
stop	VB
.	.
My	PRP$
options	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
healthy	JJ
or	CC
keeping	VBG
binging	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
.	.
My	PRP$
options	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
mind	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
keep	VB
binging	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
or	CC
be	VB
thin	JJ
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
right	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
healthy	JJ
.	.
But	CC
this	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
common	JJ
thought	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
head	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
retrain	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
practice	VB
nourishing	JJ
myself	PRP
and	CC
feeling	VBG
good	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
practice	VB
eating	VBG
a	DT
healthy	JJ
breakfast	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
practice	VB
enjoying	VBG
food	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
practice	VB
shopping	NN
for	IN
groceries	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
practice	VB
thinking	VBG
about	IN
other	JJ
things	NNS
instead	RB
of	IN
food	NN
and	CC
dieting	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
practice	VB
not	RB
dropping	VBG
everything	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
doing	VBG
to	TO
run	VB
to	TO
the	DT
grocery	NN
store	NN
to	TO
steal	VB
a	DT
bunch	NN
of	IN
food	NN
and	CC
gorge	NN
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
practice	VB
not	RB
giving	VBG
up	RP
my	PRP$
whole	JJ
day	NN
to	TO
my	PRP$
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
practice	VB
worring	VBG
about	IN
if	IN
my	PRP$
teeth	NNS
will	MD
rot	NN
or	CC
if	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
ever	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
children	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
pratice	VB
loving	JJ
myself	PRP
and	CC
my	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
willing	JJ
to	TO
do	VB
all	DT
of	IN
this	DT
.	.
Right	RB
now	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
willing	JJ
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
so	RB
scared	JJ
of	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
will	MD
decide	VB
in	IN
the	DT
morning	NN
or	CC
in	IN
five	CD
mornings	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
scared	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
trust	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
What	WP
could	MD
it	PRP
be	VB
like	IN
to	TO
go	VB
a	DT
whole	JJ
day	NN
without	IN
worrying	VBG
about	IN
food	NN
or	CC
hating	VBG
myself	PRP
?	.
What	WP
could	MD
it	PRP
be	VB
like	IN
to	TO
succeed	VB
?	.
What	WP
will	MD
it	PRP
feel	VB
like	IN
to	TO
really	RB
love	VB
my	PRP$
body	NN
?	.
Is	VBZ
that	IN
possible	JJ
?	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
scared	VBN
of	IN
the	DT
work	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
involved	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
mistakes	NNS
I	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
to	TO
endure	VB
.	.
But	CC
this	DT
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
only	JJ
option	NN
.	.
To	TO
be	VB
healthy	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
think	VB
of	IN
another	DT
way	NN
to	TO
lead	VB
a	DT
real	JJ
genuine	JJ
life	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
wait	VB
.	.
I	PRP
need	VBP
patience	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
soooo	RB
good	JJ
lookin	VBG
'	''
My	PRP$
hair	NN
is	VBZ
wild	JJ
and	CC
spikey	JJ
,	,
you	PRP
stop	VBP
me	PRP
on	IN
the	DT
street	NN
to	TO
compliment	VB
me	PRP
on	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
most	RBS
beautiful	JJ
eyes	NNS
you	PRP
've	VBP
ever	RB
seen	VBN
and	CC
even	RB
though	IN
my	PRP$
nose	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
little	JJ
big	JJ
,	,
you	PRP
tell	VBP
me	PRP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
gorgeous	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
smart	JJ
and	CC
wild	JJ
and	CC
funny	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
great	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
humor	NN
and	CC
an	DT
even	RB
better	JJR
sense	NN
of	IN
style	NN
.	.
I	PRP
always	RB
make	VBP
you	PRP
laugh	NN
.	.
You	PRP
tell	VBP
me	PRP
I	PRP
make	VBP
things	NNS
seem	VBP
so	RB
effortless	JJ
,	,
so	RB
smooth	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
love	VBP
the	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
can	MD
laugh	NN
at	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
seek	VBP
me	PRP
out	RP
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
the	DT
one	CD
at	IN
the	DT
party	NN
or	CC
at	IN
work	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
know	VB
.	.
You	PRP
love	VBP
my	PRP$
little	JJ
quirks	NNS
-	:
the	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
so	RB
picky	JJ
about	IN
ordering	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
restaurant	NN
,	,
the	DT
way	NN
everything	NN
has	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
just	RB
so	RB
,	,
the	DT
temper	NN
tantrums	NNS
or	CC
drama	NN
queen	NN
episodes	NNS
I	PRP
sometimes	RB
have	VBP
.	.
You	PRP
tell	VBP
me	PRP
they	PRP
are	VBP
cute	JJ
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
endearing	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
put	VB
up	RP
with	IN
almost	RB
anything	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
such	PDT
a	DT
sparkling	JJ
,	,
special	JJ
person	NN
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
change	VB
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
You	PRP
tell	VBP
me	PRP
I	PRP
am	VBP
getting	VBG
skinny	NN
.	.
You	PRP
notice	VBP
the	DT
veins	NNS
sticking	VBG
out	RP
in	IN
my	PRP$
legs	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
gross	JJ
wounds	NNS
that	WDT
wo	MD
n't	RB
heal	VB
.	.
You	PRP
always	RB
admired	VBD
my	PRP$
pale	JJ
skin	NN
but	CC
now	RB
there	EX
are	VBP
so	RB
many	JJ
bruises	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
notice	VBP
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
sick	JJ
alot	JJ
lately	RB
-	:
my	PRP$
stomach	NN
and	CC
that	IN
weird	JJ
face	NN
thing	NN
.	.
You	PRP
notice	VBP
my	PRP$
hair	NN
falls	VBZ
out	RP
and	CC
I	PRP
seem	VBP
so	RB
tired	JJ
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
.	.
Now	RB
I	PRP
'll	MD
tell	VB
you	PRP
what	WP
I	PRP
notice	VBP
...	:
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
raging	VBG
bulimic	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
for	IN
ten	CD
long	JJ
years	NNS
.	.
And	CC
yes	UH
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
perfect	JJ
,	,
perfectly	RB
crazy	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
grips	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
go	VBP
through	RB
long	JJ
periods	NNS
of	IN
``	``
healthy	JJ
times	NNS
''	''
but	CC
the	DT
bulimia	NN
always	RB
comes	VBZ
back	RB
,	,
like	IN
your	PRP$
worst	JJS
enemy	NN
and	CC
like	VB
your	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
never	RB
walk	VB
away	RB
from	IN
this	DT
thing	NN
unscathed	JJ
-	:
my	PRP$
teeth	NNS
are	VBP
rotten	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
sores	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
mouth	NN
that	WDT
could	MD
turn	VB
to	TO
cancer	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
throat	NN
always	RB
hurts	VBZ
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
ulcerative	JJ
colitis	NNS
and	CC
irritable	JJ
bowel	NN
syndrome	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
anemic	JJ
and	CC
bruise	NN
easily	RB
and	CC
lately	RB
I	PRP
've	VBP
gotten	VBN
some	DT
nasty	JJ
sores	NNS
that	WDT
wo	MD
n't	RB
heal	VB
.	.
What	WP
finally	RB
forced	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
get	VB
help	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
latest	JJS
malady	NN
-	:
my	PRP$
salivia	NN
glands	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
parotid	JJ
glands	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
glands	NNS
have	VBP
started	VBN
to	TO
harden	VB
and	CC
swell	VB
and	CC
there	EX
are	VBP
spongy	JJ
lesions	NNS
on	IN
them	PRP
,	,
when	WRB
they	PRP
swell	VBP
they	PRP
press	NN
on	IN
my	PRP$
facial	JJ
nerve	NN
which	WDT
hurts	VBZ
like	IN
hell	NN
and	CC
often	RB
causes	VBZ
dizziness	NN
and	CC
tingling	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
face	NN
.	.
Unfortunately	RB
,	,
they	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
take	VB
the	DT
whole	JJ
gland	NN
out	IN
since	IN
the	DT
lesions	NNS
are	VBP
only	RB
on	IN
a	DT
portion	NN
.	.
Instead	RB
,	,
they	PRP
can	MD
scrape	VB
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
gland	NN
which	WDT
will	MD
permanently	RB
disfigure	VB
my	PRP$
face	NN
-	:
give	VB
my	PRP$
cheeks	NNS
a	DT
sunken-in	JJ
look	NN
.	.
I	PRP
opted	VBD
for	IN
a	DT
prescription	NN
for	IN
acid	NN
reflux	NN
and	CC
the	DT
promise	NN
to	TO
start	VB
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
started	VBN
therapy	NN
and	CC
today	NN
even	RB
went	VBD
to	TO
a	DT
group	NN
meeting	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
want	VB
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
,	,
I	PRP
DO	VBP
!	.
But	CC
there	EX
is	VBZ
still	RB
that	IN
old	JJ
friend	NN
telling	VBG
me	PRP
...	:
wait	VB
till	IN
the	DT
whole	JJ
gland	NN
hardens	NNS
,	,
then	RB
you	PRP
can	MD
get	VB
a	DT
prosthetic	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
your	PRP$
face	NN
hurts	VBZ
,	,
but	CC
damn	RB
,	,
you	PRP
look	VBP
good	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
know	VBP
you	PRP
'll	MD
get	VB
fat	JJ
if	IN
you	PRP
stop	VBP
and	CC
besides	IN
,	,
false	JJ
teeth	NNS
are	VBP
alot	RB
easier	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
hear	VBP
chemo	NN
can	MD
really	RB
take	VB
the	DT
pounds	NNS
off	RP
,	,
you	PRP
never	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
old	JJ
anyway	RB
.	.
Actually	RB
,	,
no	DT
,	,
I	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
stop	VB
tomorrow	NN
or	CC
the	DT
next	JJ
day	NN
or	CC
the	DT
next	JJ
week	NN
.	.
But	CC
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
in	IN
ten	CD
years	NNS
I	PRP
am	VBP
admitting	VBG
to	TO
my	PRP$
problem	NN
and	CC
in	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
stubborn	JJ
,	,
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
adled	JJ
way	NN
-	:
I	PRP
am	VBP
making	VBG
those	DT
first	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
small	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
steps	VBZ
to	TO
recovery	NN
.	.
FUCK	NNP
YOU	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
hate	VBP
you	PRP
controlling	VBG
every	DT
thought	NN
that	WDT
goes	VBZ
into	IN
my	PRP$
head	NN
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
scream	VB
at	IN
you	PRP
``	``
FUCK	NNP
OFF	NNP
,	,
Go	NNP
and	CC
leave	VB
me	PRP
alone	RB
''	''
.	.
Stop	NNP
haunting	NN
every	DT
second	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Just	RB
leave	VB
me	PRP
to	TO
decide	VB
things	NNS
for	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
really	RB
me	PRP
and	CC
you	PRP
just	RB
think	VBP
this	DT
is	VBZ
some	DT
fun	NN
game	NN
.	.
Why	WRB
do	VBP
you	PRP
enjoying	VBG
fucking	JJ
with	IN
my	PRP$
mind	NN
so	RB
much	RB
?	.
You	PRP
make	VBP
me	PRP
so	RB
angry	JJ
.	.
In	IN
yr	NN
9	CD
my	PRP$
uncle	NN
died	VBD
of	IN
cancer	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
nana	NN
got	VBD
cancer	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
brother	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
19	CD
now	RB
.	.
was	VBD
16\/17	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
was	VBD
diagnosed	VBN
with	IN
it	PRP
too	RB
...	:
at	IN
that	DT
point	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
mess	NN
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
fight	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
group	NN
at	IN
school	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
split	VBD
it	PRP
up	RP
,	,
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
lose	VB
my	PRP$
brother	NN
from	IN
cancer	NN
.	.
another	DT
uncle	NN
of	IN
mine	JJ
comited	JJ
suicide	NN
and	CC
three	CD
days	NNS
later	RB
so	RB
did	VBD
my	PRP$
friend	NN
from	IN
ballet	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
hurt	JJ
and	CC
angry	JJ
and	CC
shattered	VBN
from	IN
everything	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
breaking	VBG
around	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
couldnt	VBP
handle	VB
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
stuff	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
happening	VBG
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
attempted	VBD
to	TO
commit	VB
suicide	NN
about	IN
three	CD
times	NNS
.	.
got	VBD
diagnosed	VBN
with	IN
``	``
depression	NN
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
dancer	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
dream	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
ballet	NN
Jazz	NN
and	CC
contemporary	JJ
teacher	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
my	PRP$
yr	NN
10	CD
School	NNP
Musical	JJ
``	``
Annie	NNP
''	''
,	,
i	FW
felt	VBD
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
prove	VB
something	NN
I	PRP
dont	VBP
know	VB
to	TO
who	WP
.	.
.	.
probably	RB
me	PRP
so	IN
I	PRP
kept	VBD
this	DT
serious	JJ
diet	NN
going	VBG
and	CC
with	IN
the	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
sleep	NN
plus	CC
the	DT
compulsive	JJ
excersising	VBG
away	RB
from	IN
the	DT
rehearsals	NNS
and	CC
performing	VBG
,	,
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
on	IN
a	DT
roll	NN
.	.
Yr	NNP
11	CD
,	,
January	NNP
2000	CD
the	DT
peak	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
all	DT
.	.
I	PRP
let	VBP
go	VB
of	IN
suicide	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
just	RB
too	RB
wrong	JJ
,	,
and	CC
too	RB
painful	JJ
,	,
and	CC
too	RB
close	JJ
to	TO
home	NN
it	PRP
felt	VBD
too	RB
easy	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
wasnt	VBP
aware	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
bulimic	JJ
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
handling	VBG
things	NNS
really	RB
good	JJ
.	.
Although	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
confidence	NN
no	DT
self	NN
esteem	NN
no	DT
motivation	NN
to	TO
really	RB
do	VB
anything	NN
.	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
puting	VBG
on	IN
weight	NN
again	RB
,	,
and	CC
one	CD
dancing	NN
teacher	NN
would	MD
say	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
putting	VBG
on	RP
weight	NN
,	,
and	CC
saying	VBG
I	PRP
was	VBD
fat	JJ
,	,
and	CC
useless	JJ
,	,
and	CC
not	RB
a	DT
good	JJ
dancer	NN
and	CC
telling	VBG
me	PRP
this	DT
constantly	RB
in	IN
frount	NN
of	IN
the	DT
whole	JJ
ballet	NN
class	NN
of	IN
aprox	NN
.	.
17	CD
girls	NNS
.	.
it	PRP
hurt	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
messed	VBN
up	RP
,	,
the	DT
one	CD
thing	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
do	VB
was	VBD
prove	VB
to	TO
her	PRP$
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
be	VB
the	DT
way	NN
she	PRP
wanted	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
I	PRP
stopped	VBD
eating	VBG
it	PRP
was	VBD
really	RB
gradual	JJ
though	IN
and	CC
I	PRP
kept	VBD
fainting	NN
,	,
I	PRP
tried	VBD
so	RB
hard	JJ
to	TO
stop	VB
my	PRP$
self	NN
from	IN
fainting	VBG
at	IN
school	NN
,	,
and	CC
by	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
day	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
tired	JJ
and	CC
so	RB
weak	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
realized	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
doing	VBG
this	DT
for	IN
someone	NN
so	IN
they	PRP
would	MD
get	VB
off	RP
my	PRP$
back	NN
and	CC
stop	VB
telling	VBG
me	PRP
I	PRP
was	VBD
fat	JJ
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
started	VBD
eating	VBG
again	RB
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
painful	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
felt	VBD
every	DT
bit	NN
of	IN
food	NN
go	VBP
down	RB
and	CC
through	IN
every	DT
part	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
I	PRP
couldnt	VBP
do	VB
it	PRP
...	:
I	PRP
vomited	VBD
that	IN
up	RB
,	,
and	CC
that	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
start	NN
of	IN
the	DT
vomiting	VBG
side	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
bulimia	NN
...	:
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
every	DT
day	NN
after	IN
that	DT
until	IN
August	NNP
...	:
thats	NNS
when	WRB
I	PRP
confronted	VBD
my	PRP$
friend	NN
Tanya	NNP
.	.
she	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
singer	NN
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
gave	VBD
me	PRP
a	DT
tape	NN
at	IN
the	DT
begining	NN
it	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
msg	NN
on	IN
it	PRP
to	TO
me	PRP
and	CC
then	RB
she	PRP
sang	VBD
crash	NN
and	CC
burn	VBP
-LRB-	-LRB-
savage	JJ
garden	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
everytime	RB
I	PRP
hear	VBP
that	IN
song	NN
I	PRP
cry	VBP
after	IN
I	PRP
told	VBD
her	PRP
I	PRP
told	VBD
another	DT
girl	NN
she	PRP
well	RB
...	:
she	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
helping	VBG
me	PRP
,	,
she	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
feel	VB
so	RB
bad	JJ
for	IN
doing	VBG
what	WP
I	PRP
was	VBD
doing	VBG
which	WDT
made	VBD
me	PRP
smarten	VB
up	RP
.	.
I	PRP
love	VBP
her	PRP$
she	PRP
helped	VBD
me	PRP
so	RB
much	RB
.	.
I	PRP
told	VBD
a	DT
few	JJ
more	JJR
ppl	NN
here	RB
and	CC
there	RB
and	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
given	VBN
some	DT
places	NNS
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
and	CC
I	PRP
finally	RB
got	VBD
help	NN
.	.
September	NNP
came	VBD
and	CC
the	DT
sydney	NN
2000	CD
olympics	NNS
.	.
Being	VBG
a	DT
dancer	NN
I	PRP
auditioned	VBD
for	IN
the	DT
opening	NN
ceremony	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
got	VBD
in	IN
which	WDT
boosted	VBD
my	PRP$
self	NN
esteem	NN
...	:
BUT	NNP
over	IN
hearing	NN
ppl	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
group	NN
saying	VBG
I	PRP
was	VBD
too	RB
fat	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
dancer	NN
and	CC
they	PRP
dont	VBP
see	VB
how	WRB
I	PRP
got	VBD
into	IN
the	DT
olympics	NNS
,	,
made	VBD
me	PRP
vomit	VB
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
in	IN
a	DT
month	NN
.	.
after	IN
that	DT
I	PRP
went	VBD
down	RB
hill	NN
,	,
lost	VBD
my	PRP$
periods	NNS
got	VBD
swollen	JJ
stomach	NN
glandes	NNS
and	CC
throat	NN
glandes	NNS
...	:
my	PRP$
calcium	NN
level	NN
was	VBD
down	RB
and	CC
my	PRP$
stomach	NN
lining	VBG
was	VBD
thining	VBG
out	RP
and	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
very	RB
little	JJ
stomach	NN
acid	NN
.	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
a	DT
while	NN
until	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
back	RB
on	IN
my	PRP$
feet	NNS
and	CC
it	PRP
leads	VBZ
me	PRP
to	TO
today	NN
...	:
where	WRB
a	DT
big	JJ
thank	VBP
you	PRP
is	VBZ
in	IN
order	NN
for	IN
everyone	NN
that	IN
helped	VBD
me	PRP
get	VB
better	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
far	RB
from	IN
recovered	VBN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
geting	VBG
there	RB
.	.
The	DT
ONE	CD
thing	NN
that	WDT
makes	VBZ
me	PRP
angry	JJ
,	,
is	VBZ
I	PRP
have	VBP
lost	VBN
any	DT
wieght	NN
since	IN
I	PRP
put	VBP
it	PRP
back	RB
on	IN
.	.
Yes	UH
it	PRP
goes	VBZ
alot	RB
deeper	JJR
than	IN
that	DT
,	,
but	CC
its	PRP$
alot	NN
of	IN
pain	NN
to	TO
go	VB
through	IN
when	WRB
all	DT
you	PRP
wanted	VBD
was	VBD
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
cling	VBP
to	TO
my	PRP$
religion	NN
because	IN
it	PRP
gives	VBZ
me	PRP
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
belonging	VBG
and	CC
understanding	VBG
to	TO
life	NN
...	:
through	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
three	CD
yrs	NNS
I	PRP
wasnt	VBP
living	VBG
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
living	VBG
for	IN
God	NNP
My	NNP
family	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
didnt	VBP
want	VB
to	TO
live	VB
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
starting	VBG
to	TO
live	VB
for	IN
myself	PRP
and	CC
finding	VBG
inner	JJ
peace	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
living	VBG
my	PRP$
life	NN
to	TO
the	DT
max	NN
.	.
How	WRB
do	VBP
I	PRP
say	VBP
goodbye	NN
?	.
And	CC
why	WRB
am	VBP
I	PRP
so	RB
sad	JJ
?	.
Especially	RB
when	WRB
I	PRP
know	VBP
first	JJ
hand	NN
the	DT
damage	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
,	,
this	DT
relationship	NN
has	VBZ
done	VBN
--	:
to	TO
me	PRP
,	,
my	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
self-esteem	NN
.	.
Why	WRB
do	VBP
I	PRP
continue	VBP
to	TO
chase	VB
you	PRP
when	WRB
I	PRP
know	VBP
full	JJ
well	RB
that	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
nothing	NN
but	CC
to	TO
hurt	VB
me	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
happy	JJ
to	TO
see	VB
me	PRP
on	IN
my	PRP$
knees	NNS
,	,
begging	VBG
for	IN
help	NN
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
strong	JJ
when	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
weak	JJ
,	,
and	CC
you	PRP
have	VBP
taken	VBN
advantage	NN
of	IN
that	DT
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
no	RB
longer	RB
perpetuate	VB
this	DT
insanity	NN
or	CC
play	VB
a	DT
part	NN
in	IN
continuing	VBG
this	DT
unhealthy	JJ
relationship	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
no	RB
longer	RB
fill	VB
the	DT
emptiness	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
presence	NN
makes	VBZ
the	DT
void	NN
inside	IN
me	PRP
a	DT
black	JJ
hole	NN
--	:
and	CC
my	PRP$
misery	NN
goes	VBZ
on	IN
and	CC
on	IN
,	,
without	IN
end	NN
.	.
You	PRP
used	VBD
me	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
see	VBP
that	IN
now	RB
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
used	VBD
you	PRP
,	,
too	RB
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
no	RB
longer	RB
play	VB
this	DT
game	NN
,	,
we	PRP
will	MD
both	CC
lose	VBP
.	.
So	RB
,	,
I	PRP
say	VBP
goodbye	NN
,	,
goodbye	JJ
forever	RB
.	.
And	CC
if	IN
we	PRP
should	MD
meet	VB
again	RB
in	IN
passing	VBG
--	:
please	VB
do	VBP
n't	RB
acknowledge	VB
me	PRP
,	,
because	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
acknowledge	VB
you	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
recovery	NN
for	IN
years	NNS
,	,
now	RB
I	PRP
realize	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
only	RB
just	RB
started	VBN
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
help	NN
of	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
beginning	VBG
to	TO
learn	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
allowed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
sad	JJ
for	IN
myself	PRP
and	CC
the	DT
things	NNS
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
through	IN
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
get	VB
worse	JJR
or	CC
to	TO
fit	VB
perfectly	RB
into	IN
a	DT
category	NN
to	TO
be	VB
helped	VBN
and	CC
I	PRP
still	RB
have	VBP
a	DT
long	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
go	VB
.	.
In	IN
relation	NN
to	TO
my	PRP$
ed	VBN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
always	RB
felt	VBN
almost	RB
ashamed	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
have	VB
a	DT
horrific	JJ
childhood	NN
and	CC
nothing	NN
deeply	RB
traumatic	JJ
ever	RB
happened	VBN
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
Even	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
type	NN
that	IN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
remind	VB
myself	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
have	VB
bad	JJ
times	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
relentless	JJ
bullying	NN
at	IN
school	NN
and	CC
a	DT
belief	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
too	RB
repulsive	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
loved	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
never	RB
succesful	JJ
in	IN
finding	VBG
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
struggling	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
paradox	NN
of	IN
loving	JJ
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
,	,
feeling	VBG
angry	JJ
with	IN
them	PRP
and	CC
trying	VBG
not	RB
to	TO
blame	VB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
so	RB
thankful	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
finally	RB
realized	VBN
that	IN
food	NN
wo	MD
n't	RB
ever	RB
respond	VB
to	TO
the	DT
demands	NNS
I	PRP
make	VBP
of	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
even	RB
beginning	VBG
to	TO
hope	VB
that	IN
maybe	RB
one	CD
day	NN
I	PRP
will	MD
feel	VB
something	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
disgust	NN
for	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
maybe	RB
I	PRP
will	MD
even	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
like	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
Thanks	NNS
to	TO
you	PRP
all	DT
for	IN
the	DT
support	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
be	VB
,	,
a	DT
lifeline	NN
.	.
To	TO
everyone	NN
who	WP
feels	VBZ
hopeless	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
love	VB
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
offer	VB
words	NNS
of	IN
comfort	NN
and	CC
wisdom	NN
,	,
but	CC
all	DT
I	PRP
can	MD
think	VB
of	IN
to	TO
say	VB
is	VBZ
hold	VB
on	RP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
drawing	VBG
a	DT
line	NN
between	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
I.	NN
Maybe	RB
you	PRP
will	MD
never	RB
completely	RB
leave	VB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
allow	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
cross	VB
my	PRP$
line	NN
anymore	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
separating	VBG
myself	PRP
form	VB
you	PRP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
continue	VBP
to	TO
hang	VB
around	RB
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
acknowledge	VB
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
there	RB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
will	MD
no	RB
longer	RB
embrace	VB
you	PRP
,	,
or	CC
turn	VB
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
still	RB
try	VB
to	TO
deceive	VB
me	PRP
and	CC
continue	VB
to	TO
tell	VB
me	PRP
lies	VBZ
about	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
believe	VB
you	PRP
anymore	RB
.	.
God	NNP
has	VBZ
told	VBN
me	PRP
the	DT
truth	NN
about	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
like	VBP
the	DT
truth	NN
a	DT
lot	NN
better	JJR
then	RB
the	DT
lies	NNS
you	PRP
tell	VBP
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
hate	VB
myself	PRP
anymore	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
learning	VBG
to	TO
like	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
still	RB
things	NNS
I	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
change	VB
about	IN
myself	PRP
sometimes	RB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
decided	VBN
to	TO
accept	VB
myself	PRP
the	DT
way	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
change	VB
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
healthy	JJ
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
healthy	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
happy	JJ
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
will	MD
accept	VB
whatever	WDT
being	VBG
healthy	JJ
is	VBZ
.	.
Thank	VB
you	PRP
for	IN
being	VBG
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
needed	VBD
you	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
grateful	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
ONLY	RB
because	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
become	VBN
a	DT
stronger	JJR
person	NN
and	CC
because	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
become	VBN
closer	RBR
to	TO
God	NNP
through	IN
all	PDT
this	DT
.	.
Thanks	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
good	JJ
things	NNS
you	PRP
have	VBP
given	VBN
me	PRP
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
turn	VB
away	RB
now	RB
because	IN
the	DT
bad	JJ
things	NNS
you	PRP
have	VBP
given	VBN
me	PRP
far	RB
outweigh	VBP
the	DT
good	JJ
.	.
So	RB
,	,
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
end	VB
my	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Oh	UH
,	,
you	PRP
were	VBD
beautiful	JJ
and	CC
promised	VBD
to	TO
make	VB
me	PRP
beautiful	JJ
too	RB
.	.
You	PRP
promised	VBD
me	PRP
everything	NN
,	,
you	PRP
promised	VBD
me	PRP
love	VB
.	.
Love	NNP
of	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
But	CC
now	RB
i	FW
know	VBP
who	WP
you	PRP
really	RB
are	VBP
and	CC
what	WP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
you	PRP
really	RB
want	VBP
.	.
And	CC
i	FW
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
if	IN
have	VBP
the	DT
will	MD
power	NN
to	TO
fight	VB
for	IN
it	PRP
,	,
for	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
So	RB
here	RB
is	VBZ
a	DT
plea	NN
,	,
a	DT
cry	NN
for	IN
merci	NN
,	,
i	FW
'll	MD
do	VB
anything	NN
to	TO
stop	VB
this	DT
.	.
For	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
food	NN
i	FW
'm	VBP
trying	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
rid	JJ
of	IN
anymore	RB
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
you	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
you	PRP
out	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
and	CC
of	IN
my	PRP$
soul	NN
.	.
You	PRP
've	VBP
cost	VBN
me	PRP
everything	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
sanity	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
salvation	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
But	CC
i	FW
'm	VBP
here	RB
to	TO
take	VB
it	PRP
back	RB
.	.
and	CC
i	FW
'm	VBP
getting	VBG
stronger	JJR
.	.
everytime	RB
i	FW
walk	VBP
past	IN
the	DT
bathroom	NN
and	CC
turn	VB
around	RP
and	CC
walk	VB
back	RB
to	TO
my	PRP$
room	NN
,	,
i	FW
'm	VBP
winning	VBG
.	.
Everytime	NNP
i	FW
cry	NN
alone	RB
in	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
silent	JJ
hell	NN
,	,
hugging	VBG
my	PRP$
knees	NNS
,	,
unwilling	JJ
to	TO
let	VB
go	VB
of	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
unwilling	JJ
to	TO
let	VB
you	PRP
take	VB
me	PRP
over	IN
,	,
i	FW
'm	VBP
winning	VBG
.	.
And	CC
i	FW
will	MD
win	VB
.	.
You	PRP
watch	VBP
,	,
someday	RB
you	PRP
'll	MD
come	VB
back	RB
and	CC
try	VB
to	TO
tell	VB
me	PRP
that	IN
i	FW
need	MD
you	PRP
and	CC
although	IN
i	FW
might	MD
be	VB
broken	VBN
and	CC
shattered	VBN
,	,
i	FW
'm	VBP
still	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
say	VB
no	DT
and	CC
walk	VB
on	IN
.	.
Because	IN
right	RB
now	RB
thats	VBZ
what	WP
i	FW
need	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
...	:
walk	NN
on	IN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
story	NN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
I	PRP
must	MD
sound	VB
like	IN
a	DT
freak	NN
!	.
!	.
I	PRP
go	VBP
through	IN
this	DT
every	DT
day	NN
!	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
why	WRB
it	PRP
all	DT
started	VBD
,	,
but	CC
believe	VBP
me	PRP
,	,
if	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
go	VB
back	RB
in	IN
time	NN
and	CC
change	NN
something	NN
so	RB
that	IN
this	DT
would	MD
n't	RB
have	VB
happened	VBN
,	,
I	PRP
WOULD	VBD
!	.
!	.
!	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
empty	JJ
inside	IN
...	:
my	PRP$
life	NN
is	VBZ
passing	VBG
is	VBZ
passing	VBG
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
eyes	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
just	RB
letting	VBG
it	PRP
go	VB
...	:
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
enjoying	VBG
any	DT
of	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
know	VBP
it	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
come	VB
back	RB
.	.
What	WP
a	DT
shame	NN
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
just	RB
a	DT
useless	JJ
weak	JJ
and	CC
stupid	JJ
16	CD
year	NN
old	JJ
!	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
very	RB
low	JJ
self	NN
esteem	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
really	RB
perfectionist	NN
!	.
I	PRP
only	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
loose	VB
a	DT
bit	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
got	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
your	PRP$
pity	NN
,	,
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
understand	VB
what	WP
this	DT
terrible	JJ
disease	NN
can	MD
do	VB
to	TO
someone	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
mind	NN
is	VBZ
going	VBG
crazy	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
control	VB
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
desperately	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
hang	VB
on	IN
,	,
and	CC
so	RB
should	MD
you	PRP
...	:
I	PRP
remember	VBP
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
happy	JJ
and	CC
joyful	JJ
!	.
!	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
go	VB
back	RB
to	TO
those	DT
days	NNS
,	,
but	CC
they	PRP
are	VBP
all	DT
gone	VBN
!	.
!	.
Maybe	RB
I	PRP
'll	MD
look	VB
for	IN
help	NN
!	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
live	VB
like	IN
this	DT
forever	RB
!	.
!	.
Or	CC
maybe	RB
I	PRP
'll	MD
die	VB
one	CD
day	NN
because	IN
of	IN
this	DT
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
even	RB
care	VB
,	,
life	NN
is	VBZ
too	RB
painful	JJ
and	CC
depressing	JJ
anyway	RB
!	.
I	PRP
only	RB
want	VBP
other	JJ
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
facing	VBG
the	DT
same	JJ
problem	NN
as	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
know	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
alone	RB
...	:
someone	NN
else	RB
is	VBZ
living	VBG
the	DT
hell	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
every	DT
day	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
explain	VB
why	WRB
I	PRP
religiously	RB
wake	VBP
up	RP
trying	VBG
to	TO
decide	VB
if	IN
I	PRP
'll	MD
be	VB
eating	VBG
that	DT
day	NN
.	.
And	CC
if	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
decide	VB
to	TO
eat	VB
,	,
why	WRB
my	PRP$
mind	NN
is	VBZ
instantly	RB
filled	VBN
with	IN
an	DT
endless	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
thoughts	NNS
about	RB
different	JJ
foods	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
high	JJ
greater	JJR
than	IN
any	DT
drug	NN
I	PRP
've	VBP
ever	RB
tried	VBN
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
decide	VBP
that	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
``	``
restricting	VBG
day	NN
,	,
''	''
I	PRP
start	VBP
planning	VBG
what	WP
will	MD
be	VB
eaten	VBN
and	CC
when	WRB
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
what	WP
time	NN
I	PRP
'll	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
exercise	VB
.	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
seem	VB
to	TO
think	VB
of	IN
a	DT
word	NN
strong	JJ
enough	RB
to	TO
describe	VB
how	WRB
nervous	JJ
I	PRP
become	VBP
when	WRB
I	PRP
think	VBP
that	IN
something	NN
might	MD
conflict	VB
with	IN
my	PRP$
plan	NN
.	.
What	WP
would	MD
I	PRP
do	VB
if	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
go	VB
out	RP
to	TO
lunch	NN
instead	RB
of	IN
eating	VBG
the	DT
soft	JJ
pretzel	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
planned	VBN
,	,
or	CC
how	WRB
will	MD
I	PRP
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
exercise	VB
if	IN
it	PRP
happens	VBZ
to	TO
rain	VB
?	.
My	PRP$
heart	NN
races	NNS
and	CC
does	VBZ
n't	RB
stop	VB
or	CC
slow	VB
down	RP
until	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
assured	VBN
that	IN
my	PRP$
plan	NN
will	MD
be	VB
fulfilled	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
describe	VB
the	DT
immense	JJ
fear	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
in	IN
public	JJ
,	,
especially	RB
at	IN
restaurants	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
why	WRB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
scared	JJ
to	TO
let	VB
other	JJ
people	NNS
prepare	VBP
my	PRP$
food	NN
or	CC
why	WRB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
insistent	JJ
that	IN
they	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
give	VB
me	PRP
the	DT
fat	JJ
free	JJ
dressing	VBG
or	CC
diet	NN
soda	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
ordered	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
why	WRB
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
get	VB
past	IN
the	DT
fear	NN
that	IN
everyone	NN
's	POS
trying	VBG
to	TO
sabotage	VB
my	PRP$
diet	NN
because	IN
they	PRP
want	VBP
me	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
fat	JJ
forever	RB
.	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
explain	VB
what	WP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
like	IN
to	TO
count	VB
calories	NNS
or	CC
why	WRB
I	PRP
doubt	VBP
their	PRP$
accuracy	NN
,	,
thinking	VBG
the	DT
manufacturer	NN
typed	VBD
the	DT
wrong	JJ
calorie	NN
amount	NN
or	CC
serving	VBG
size	NN
.	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
begin	VB
to	TO
describe	VB
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
trust	NN
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
believe	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
only	RB
have	VB
X	NNP
amount	NN
of	IN
calories	NNS
or	CC
how	WRB
confused	JJ
it	PRP
makes	VBZ
my	PRP$
head	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
recount	VBP
the	DT
numbers	NNS
over	IN
and	CC
over	IN
again	RB
,	,
just	RB
to	TO
be	VB
reassured	VBN
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
exceed	VB
my	PRP$
limit	NN
.	.
I	PRP
wish	VBP
I	PRP
could	MD
put	VB
words	NNS
to	TO
how	WRB
my	PRP$
empty	JJ
stomach	NN
feels	VBZ
when	WRB
I	PRP
pass	VBP
through	IN
the	DT
aroma	NN
of	IN
good	JJ
food	NN
or	CC
how	WRB
it	PRP
pains	NNS
when	WRB
I	PRP
see	VBP
others	NNS
eat	VBP
the	DT
food	NN
I	PRP
can	MD
only	RB
crave	VB
.	.
And	CC
why	WRB
when	WRB
I	PRP
do	VBP
indulge	VB
do	VB
I	PRP
feel	VBP
so	RB
guilty	JJ
and	CC
sick	JJ
to	TO
my	PRP$
stomach	NN
?	.
I	PRP
wish	VBP
I	PRP
could	MD
describe	VB
how	WRB
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
to	TO
sleep	VB
through	IN
the	DT
day	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
simply	RB
have	VBP
no	DT
energy	NN
or	CC
how	WRB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
kept	VBN
awake	RB
at	IN
night	NN
from	IN
a	DT
pounding	VBG
headache	NN
and	CC
dizziness	NN
.	.
Words	NNS
can	MD
not	RB
begin	VB
to	TO
explain	VB
how	WRB
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
so	RB
painfully	RB
lonely	JJ
,	,
even	RB
in	IN
a	DT
room	NN
full	JJ
of	IN
friends	NNS
and	CC
loved	VBD
ones	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
describe	VB
how	WRB
much	JJ
it	PRP
hurts	VBZ
to	TO
crave	VB
laughter	NN
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
even	RB
manage	VB
to	TO
crack	VB
a	DT
smile	NN
.	.
I	PRP
forget	VBP
what	WP
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
like	IN
to	TO
be	VB
happy	JJ
,	,
with	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
with	IN
my	PRP$
self	NN
.	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
clearly	RB
depict	VB
how	WRB
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
to	TO
look	VB
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
and	CC
not	RB
only	RB
hate	VB
what	WP
I	PRP
see	VBP
,	,
but	CC
despise	VB
it	PRP
.	.
Or	CC
how	WRB
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
wish	VB
it	PRP
all	DT
away	RB
,	,
how	WRB
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
wish	VB
everything	NN
away	RB
.	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
explain	VB
what	WP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
like	IN
to	TO
think	VB
about	IN
death	NN
and	CC
wish	VB
it	PRP
upon	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
that	IN
being	VBG
my	PRP$
only	RB
truly	RB
pleasurable	JJ
thought	NN
.	.
Or	CC
how	WRB
I	PRP
think	VBP
about	IN
how	WRB
easy	JJ
it	PRP
'd	MD
be	VB
to	TO
take	VB
too	RB
many	JJ
pills	NNS
or	CC
waste	VB
away	RB
slowly	RB
.	.
Even	RB
a	DT
``	``
freak	NN
''	''
accident	NN
or	CC
shooting	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
seem	VB
so	RB
bad	JJ
anymore	RB
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
possibly	RB
describe	VB
how	WRB
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
to	TO
know	VB
that	IN
people	NNS
would	MD
miss	VB
me	PRP
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
enough	RB
.	.
Not	RB
enough	RB
to	TO
take	VB
the	DT
satisfaction	NN
out	IN
of	IN
dying	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
I	PRP
started	VBD
with	IN
this	DT
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
young	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
always	RB
worried	VBN
about	IN
weight	NN
,	,
image	NN
and	CC
food	NN
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
one	CD
episode	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
fifth	JJ
grade	NN
,	,
when	WRB
our	PRP$
teacher	NN
told	VBD
us	PRP
to	TO
write	VB
in	IN
a	DT
piece	NN
of	IN
paper	NN
our	PRP$
weight	NN
,	,
that	WDT
was	VBD
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
lied	VBD
about	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
always	RB
felt	VBD
too	RB
fat	JJ
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
tired	VBN
of	IN
that	DT
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
proposed	VBD
myself	PRP
to	TO
start	VB
dieting	NN
,	,
just	RB
to	TO
lose	VB
some	DT
weight	NN
,	,
that	WDT
started	VBD
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
16	CD
,	,
and	CC
since	IN
then	RB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
all	DT
messed	VBN
up	RP
in	IN
this	DT
horrible	JJ
disease	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
stop	VB
.	.
In	IN
some	DT
point	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
anorexia	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
proud	JJ
of	IN
myself	PRP
because	IN
I	PRP
felt	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
in	IN
control	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
understand	VB
why	WRB
my	PRP$
family	NN
and	CC
friends	NNS
said	VBD
that	IN
something	NN
was	VBD
wrong	JJ
with	IN
me	PRP
,	,
they	PRP
were	VBD
wrong	JJ
,	,
they	PRP
just	RB
wanted	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
fat	JJ
,	,
or	CC
I	PRP
thought	VBD
that	IN
.	.
But	CC
one	CD
day	NN
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
feel	VB
sick	JJ
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
you	PRP
know	VBP
,	,
always	RB
cold	JJ
,	,
tired	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
felt	VBD
my	PRP$
body	NN
dying	VBG
,	,
but	CC
in	IN
some	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
happy	JJ
of	IN
that	DT
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
transparent	JJ
,	,
that	IN
noone	NN
could	MD
see	VB
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
that	DT
and	CC
almost	RB
die	VB
.	.
But	CC
now	RB
it	PRP
's	VBZ
all	DT
different	JJ
my	PRP$
sweet	JJ
anorexia	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
with	IN
me	PRP
like	IN
it	PRP
used	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
alone	RB
,	,
I	PRP
got	VBD
another	DT
``	``
friend	NN
''	''
much	JJ
worst	JJS
than	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
called	VBN
bulimia	NN
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
living	NN
hell	NN
.	.
I	PRP
prayed	VBD
,	,
cried	VBD
and	CC
did	VBD
everything	NN
trying	VBG
to	TO
go	VB
back	RB
to	TO
my	PRP$
``	``
sweet	JJ
friend	NN
anorexia	NN
''	''
,	,
but	CC
all	DT
my	PRP$
efforts	NNS
were	VBD
in	IN
vane	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
something	NN
or	CC
this	DT
would	MD
literally	RB
``	``
eat	VB
''	''
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
treatment	NN
,	,
in	IN
a	DT
way	NN
it	PRP
helped	VBD
me	PRP
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
we	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
know	VBP
that	IN
we	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
change	VB
the	DT
way	NN
we	PRP
see	VBP
ourselves	PRP
,	,
the	DT
way	NN
we	PRP
treat	VBP
ourselves	PRP
,	,
because	IN
no	DT
treatment	NN
would	MD
give	VB
us	PRP
the	DT
key	NN
to	TO
happiness	NN
,	,
we	PRP
must	MD
find	VB
it	PRP
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
extremely	RB
complex	JJ
mental	JJ
illnesses	NNS
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
what	WP
sometimes	RB
is	VBZ
presented	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
glamorous	JJ
and	CC
superficial	JJ
air	NN
.	.
Likewise	RB
,	,
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
suffer	VBP
much	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
not	RB
afflicted	VBN
ever	RB
realize	VBP
.	.
While	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
often	RB
compared	VBN
,	,
when	WRB
at	IN
very	RB
low	JJ
weights	NNS
,	,
to	TO
looking	VBG
like	IN
``	``
concentration	NN
camp	NN
victims	NNS
,	,
''	''
the	DT
violent	JJ
environment	NN
within	IN
their	PRP$
minds	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
differ	VB
greatly	RB
from	IN
such	JJ
a	DT
horrid	JJ
place	NN
.	.
I	PRP
say	VBP
this	DT
not	RB
only	RB
from	IN
personal	JJ
study	NN
,	,
but	CC
personal	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
Without	IN
discounting	VBG
the	DT
horror	NN
of	IN
a	DT
concentration	NN
camp	NN
,	,
the	DT
reality	NN
of	IN
dwelling	NN
in	IN
such	JJ
horrifying	JJ
``	``
mental	JJ
camps	NNS
''	''
is	VBZ
compounded	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
being	VBG
``	``
held	VBN
hostage	NN
''	''
in	IN
a	DT
place	NN
most	RBS
literally	RB
impossible	JJ
to	TO
escape	VB
.	.
Some	DT
patients	NNS
have	VBP
gone	VBN
so	RB
far	RB
as	IN
to	TO
have	VB
undergone	VBN
partial	JJ
lobotomies	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
attempt	NN
to	TO
rid	VB
themselves	PRP
of	IN
their	PRP$
``	``
captor	NN
.	.
''	''
The	DT
sufferer	NN
becomes	VBZ
the	DT
camp	NN
,	,
the	DT
victim	NN
and	CC
the	DT
perpetrator	NN
.	.
To	TO
the	DT
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
,	,
particularly	RB
noting	VBG
those	DT
with	IN
anorexia	NN
then	RB
bulimia	NN
,	,
the	DT
body	NN
becomes	VBZ
a	DT
canvas	NN
of	IN
sorts	NNS
for	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
display	VB
what	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
unable	JJ
to	TO
verbalize	VB
to	TO
others	NNS
;	:
also	RB
at	IN
times	NNS
,	,
what	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
unable	JJ
to	TO
conceptualize	VB
even	RB
for	IN
themselves	PRP
.	.
In	IN
other	JJ
words	NNS
,	,
the	DT
person	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
only	RB
unable	JJ
to	TO
speak	VB
out	RP
adaptively	RB
,	,
but	CC
is	VBZ
unable	JJ
to	TO
fully	RB
process	VB
what	WP
deeper	JJR
messages	NNS
they	PRP
experience	VBP
such	JJ
urgency	NN
to	TO
convey	VB
.	.
They	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
intentionally	RB
conceal	VB
the	DT
meanings	NNS
,	,
but	CC
rather	RB
,	,
do	VBP
not	RB
understand	VB
them	PRP
themselves	PRP
,	,
leaving	VBG
them	PRP
feeling	VBG
helpless	JJ
and	CC
plummeting	VBG
further	RBR
into	IN
the	DT
well	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
Since	IN
human	JJ
nature	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
large	JJ
part	NN
defined	VBN
by	IN
our	PRP$
wide	JJ
array	NN
of	IN
emotional	JJ
capabilities	NNS
,	,
inclusive	JJ
of	IN
those	DT
such	JJ
as	IN
anger	NN
,	,
happiness	NN
,	,
frustration	NN
and	CC
sadness	NN
,	,
it	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
easy	JJ
to	TO
see	VB
that	DT
when	WRB
individuals	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
allow	VB
themselves	PRP
to	TO
experience	VB
or	CC
overtly	RB
express	VB
their	PRP$
emotions	NNS
,	,
their	PRP$
minds	NNS
necessarily	RB
find	VB
other	JJ
ways	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
most	JJS
people	NNS
with	IN
anorexia	NN
or	CC
bulimia	NN
,	,
one	CD
way	NN
they	PRP
express	VBP
themselves	PRP
is	VBZ
in	IN
a	DT
loss	NN
of	IN
,	,
or	CC
attempted	VBN
loss	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
through	IN
various	JJ
means	NNS
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
loss	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
may	MD
become	VB
what	WP
the	DT
individual	JJ
sees	VBZ
as	IN
their	PRP$
goal	NN
,	,
the	DT
numbers	NNS
themselves	PRP
are	VBP
only	RB
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
expression	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
equitable	JJ
to	TO
abandon	VB
this	DT
comment	NN
without	IN
adding	VBG
the	DT
reminder	NN
that	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
always	RB
exceptions	NNS
and	CC
variations	NNS
to	TO
symptoms	NNS
,	,
particularly	RB
in	IN
illnesses	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
mind	NN
.	.
For	IN
instance	NN
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
patients	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
report	VB
the	DT
highly	RB
publicized	VBN
distorted	JJ
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
but	CC
experience	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
symptomatically	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
``	``
only	RB
''	''
an	DT
aversion	NN
to	TO
eating	VBG
food	NN
.	.
While	IN
being	VBG
a	DT
slightly	RB
different	JJ
presentation	NN
of	IN
symptoms	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
still	RB
have	VBP
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
of	IN
concern	NN
not	RB
only	RB
because	IN
of	IN
obvious	JJ
physical	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
emotional	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
consistently	RB
present	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
root	NN
of	IN
these	DT
illnesses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
losing	VBG
weight	NN
aspect	NN
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
to	TO
the	DT
person	NN
him	PRP
or	CC
herself	PRP
,	,
is	VBZ
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
self-destructive	JJ
process	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
unable	JJ
to	TO
recognize	VB
as	IN
being	VBG
abnormal	JJ
.	.
However	RB
,	,
while	IN
the	DT
anorexic	JJ
is	VBZ
much	RB
more	RBR
likely	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
unsuspecting	JJ
of	IN
their	PRP$
problem	NN
,	,
the	DT
bulimic	JJ
person	NN
is	VBZ
more	RBR
likely	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
an	DT
awareness	NN
meanwhile	RB
experiencing	VBG
both	DT
a	DT
loss	NN
of	IN
ability	NN
and\/or	CC
will	MD
to	TO
stop	VB
.	.
Ritualized	VBN
ways	NNS
of	IN
eating	NN
;	:
the	DT
actual	JJ
activity	NN
of	IN
binging	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
bulimic	JJ
;	:
ritualized	JJ
binging	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
,	,
etc.	FW
is	VBZ
all	PDT
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
control	VB
and\/or	CC
express	VB
these	DT
negative	JJ
feelings	NNS
.	.
After	IN
its	PRP$
start	NN
,	,
life	NN
for	IN
the	DT
anorexic	JJ
or	CC
bulimic	JJ
soon	RB
revolves	VBZ
predominantly	RB
,	,
and	CC
usually	RB
only	RB
around	IN
their	PRP$
disorder	NN
,	,
while	IN
their	PRP$
practices	NNS
continue	VBP
to	TO
numb	JJ
and	CC
distract	VB
them	PRP
from	IN
emotional	JJ
pain	NN
.	.
Food	NNP
and\/or	CC
the	DT
abstinence	NN
from	IN
food	NN
maintain	VBP
their	PRP$
waking	NN
and	CC
sleeping	NN
.	.
Specifically	RB
,	,
the	DT
mind	NN
of	IN
the	DT
anorexic	JJ
becomes	VBZ
like	IN
a	DT
calculator	NN
,	,
constantly	RB
clicking	VBG
away	RB
,	,
figuring	VBG
and	CC
refiguring	VBG
their	PRP$
allotment	NN
and	CC
consumption	NN
of	IN
calories	NNS
,	,
even	RB
while	IN
holding	VBG
conversation	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
common	JJ
for	IN
anorexics	NNS
to	TO
wake	VB
up	RP
terrified	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
night	NN
having	VBG
had	VBD
a	DT
dream	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
ate	VBD
something	NN
they	PRP
consider	VBP
``	``
taboo	JJ
,	,
''	''
such	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
soda	NN
or	CC
slice	NN
of	IN
pizza	NN
.	.
While	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
exceptions	NNS
to	TO
symptoms	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
true	JJ
that	IN
obsession	NN
with	IN
and	CC
distortion	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
is	VBZ
usually	RB
present	JJ
in	IN
most	JJS
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
``	``
Distorted	JJ
body	NN
images	NNS
,	,
''	''
are	VBP
not	RB
concepts	NNS
grounded	VBN
in	IN
reality	NN
.	.
Although	IN
it	PRP
can	MD
seem	VB
very	RB
similar	JJ
to	TO
delusional	JJ
thought	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
can	MD
cross	VB
that	DT
line	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
it	PRP
is	VBZ
really	RB
a	DT
distortion	NN
that	WDT
prevents	VBZ
them	PRP
from	IN
identifying	VBG
this	DT
aspect	NN
of	IN
reality	NN
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
the	DT
intensity	NN
or	CC
presence	NN
of	IN
distortion	NN
can	MD
change	VB
from	IN
moment	NN
to	TO
moment	NN
.	.
It	PRP
serves	VBZ
a	DT
host	NN
of	IN
purposes	NNS
to	TO
them	PRP
,	,
including	VBG
a	DT
constant	JJ
and	CC
tangible	JJ
task	NN
of	IN
fixing	VBG
things	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
n't	RB
really	RB
``	``
broken	VBN
''	''
while	IN
the	DT
true	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
unaware	JJ
of	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
face	VB
,	,
perceive	VB
or	CC
handle	VB
.	.
Distortion	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
efficient	JJ
distraction	NN
to	TO
a	DT
person	NN
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
something	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
control	VB
,	,
unless	IN
,	,
if	IN
and	CC
when	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
in	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
lose	VB
the	DT
automatic	JJ
and	CC
unconscious	JJ
association	NN
that	WDT
directly	RB
links	VBZ
stressful	JJ
situations	NNS
to	TO
their	PRP$
distorted	JJ
image	NN
perspective	NN
.	.
Children	NNS
particularly	RB
,	,
who	WP
are	VBP
faced	VBN
with	IN
traumatic	JJ
experiences	NNS
not	RB
properly	RB
addressed	VBD
,	,
will	MD
find	VB
other	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
release	VB
the	DT
negative	JJ
effects	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
accumulated	VBN
within	IN
,	,
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
these	DT
traumas	NNS
.	.
While	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
probably	RB
safe	JJ
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
most	JJS
of	IN
these	DT
outlets	NNS
are	VBP
maladaptive	JJ
and	CC
lead	NN
to	TO
self-destructiveness	NN
,	,
in	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
way	NN
they	PRP
are	VBP
grave	JJ
attempts	NNS
to	TO
self-preserve	JJ
and	CC
may	MD
temporarily	RB
serve	VB
this	DT
purpose	NN
with	IN
strength	NN
in	IN
efficiency	NN
.	.
In	IN
response	NN
to	TO
traumatic	JJ
events	NNS
,	,
individuals	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
often	RB
as	IN
children	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
the	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
the	DT
groundwork	NN
for	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
may	MD
be	VB
laid	VBN
or	CC
even	RB
may	MD
come	VB
to	TO
fruition	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
will	MD
become	VB
a	DT
great	JJ
skeptic	NN
of	IN
the	DT
world	NN
and	CC
learn	VB
to	TO
rely	VB
only	RB
on	IN
themselves	PRP
,	,
believing	VBG
they	PRP
are	VBP
the	DT
only	RB
one	CD
trustworthy	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
child	NN
's	POS
resources	NNS
are	VBP
endlessly	RB
proven	VBN
immature	JJ
and	CC
are	VBP
non-constructive	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
long	JJ
run	NN
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
a	DT
child	NN
may	MD
unconsciously	RB
learn	VB
that	IN
taking	VBG
on	RP
the	DT
burden	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
chronically	RB
ill	RB
may	MD
alleviate	VB
the	DT
stress	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
'	POS
marital	JJ
problems	NNS
or	CC
difficult	JJ
family	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
when	WRB
the	DT
focus	NN
turns	VBZ
instead	RB
to	TO
the	DT
child	NN
's	POS
declining	VBG
health	NN
.	.
This	DT
might	MD
occur	VB
at	IN
the	DT
biological	JJ
end	NN
of	IN
an	DT
illness	NN
:	:
if	IN
a	DT
child	NN
has	VBZ
had	VBN
the	DT
flu	NN
,	,
a	DT
result	NN
might	MD
be	VB
a	DT
temporary	JJ
lapse	NN
in	IN
marital	JJ
discord	NN
as	IN
the	DT
parents	NNS
rightly	RB
show	VBP
concern	NN
over	IN
their	PRP$
child	NN
's	POS
health	NN
.	.
Without	IN
conscious	JJ
intent	NN
,	,
the	DT
child	NN
's	POS
symptoms	NNS
may	MD
fail	VB
to	TO
subside	VB
,	,
leaving	VBG
the	DT
biological	JJ
origin	NN
behind	IN
and	CC
entering	VBG
the	DT
realm	NN
of	IN
psychosomatics	NNS
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
By	IN
``	``
psychosomatics	NNS
''	''
I	PRP
refer	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
Notably	RB
,	,
research	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
done	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
role	NN
of	IN
genetics	NNS
in	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
new	JJ
area	NN
of	IN
research	NN
and	CC
can	MD
also	RB
be	VB
considered	VBN
a	DT
possible	JJ
predisposing	JJ
factor	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
individuals	NNS
eventually	RB
receive	VBP
such	JJ
diagnoses	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
intend	VB
to	TO
disqualify	VB
genetics	NNS
by	IN
referencing	VBG
psychosomatics	NNS
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
This	DT
then	RB
begins	VBZ
the	DT
family	NN
affair	NN
with	IN
symptomatology	NN
,	,
which	WDT
avoids	VBZ
,	,
distances	NNS
and	CC
distracts	VBZ
everyone	NN
involved	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
true	JJ
,	,
problematic	JJ
source	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
while	IN
this	DT
may	MD
have	VB
postponed	VBN
the	DT
family	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
has	VBZ
also	RB
complicated	VBN
them	PRP
and	CC
even	RB
more	RBR
so	RB
will	MD
have	VB
catastrophic	JJ
negative	JJ
effects	NNS
on	IN
that	DT
child	NN
's	POS
physical	JJ
and	CC
emotional	JJ
well-being	NN
.	.
Abused	JJ
children	NNS
,	,
and	CC
adults	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
been	VBN
abused	VBN
,	,
including	VBG
victims	NNS
of	IN
rape	NN
and	CC
violent	JJ
crime	NN
,	,
may	MD
also	RB
fall	VB
into	IN
the	DT
hands	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
in	IN
an	DT
unconscious	JJ
attempt	NN
to	TO
mask	NN
themselves	PRP
from	IN
whoever	WP
or	CC
whatever	WDT
their	PRP$
fears	NNS
may	MD
include	VB
,	,
cloaking	VBG
their	PRP$
spirit	NN
in	IN
an	DT
``	``
armor	NN
''	''
of	IN
bones	NNS
or	CC
additional	JJ
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
the	DT
word	NN
spirit	NN
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
fitting	JJ
term	NN
.	.
Here	RB
,	,
my	PRP$
intention	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
differentiate	VB
between	IN
the	DT
body	NN
and	CC
the	DT
``	``
spirit	NN
''	''
wherever	WRB
that	DT
may	MD
lie	VB
;	:
that	DT
which	WDT
is	VBZ
the	DT
collection	NN
of	IN
thoughts	NNS
,	,
emotions	NNS
,	,
personality	NN
traits	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
which	WDT
make	VBP
us	PRP
who	WP
we	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
part	NN
the	DT
disordered	JJ
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
protect	VB
,	,
by	IN
means	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
flesh	NN
,	,
which	WDT
they	PRP
enlist	VBP
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
malleable	JJ
and	CC
protective	JJ
barrier	NN
.	.
Due	JJ
to	TO
many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
things	NNS
I	PRP
have	VBP
already	RB
mentioned	VBN
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
believe	VB
that	IN
society	NN
plays	VBZ
a	DT
significant	JJ
role	NN
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
say	VB
that	IN
the	DT
images	NNS
we	PRP
see	VBP
can	MD
and	CC
do	VB
encourage	VB
many	JJ
people	NNS
's	POS
lack	NN
of	IN
acceptance	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
say	VB
that	IN
the	DT
individuals	NNS
who	WP
develop	VBP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
would	MD
develop	VB
their	PRP$
symptoms	NNS
if	IN
they	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
already	RB
``	``
have	VBP
one	CD
.	.
''	''
What	WP
I	PRP
mean	VBP
by	IN
this	DT
,	,
is	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
far	RB
deeper	JJR
than	IN
physical	JJ
and	CC
begins	VBZ
long	RB
before	IN
the	DT
``	``
symptoms	NNS
''	''
we	PRP
are	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
observe	VB
can	MD
appear	VB
.	.
The	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
really	RB
is	VBZ
a	DT
disorder	NN
of	IN
the	DT
mind	NN
,	,
which	WDT
affects	VBZ
the	DT
body	NN
by	IN
taking	VBG
it	PRP
over	IN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
caused	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
myriad	JJ
of	IN
emotional	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
finally	RB
implode	VBP
into	IN
what	WP
we	PRP
see	VBP
as	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
symptoms	NNS
.	.
As	IN
was	VBD
already	RB
mentioned	VBN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
also	RB
a	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
of	IN
research	NN
being	VBG
conducted	VBN
to	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
role	NN
that	WDT
genetics	VBZ
plays	NNS
.	.
Most	JJS
people	NNS
and	CC
even	RB
most	JJS
people	NNS
who	WP
diet	NN
,	,
do	VBP
not	RB
become	VB
anorexic	JJ
or	CC
bulimic	JJ
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
rate	NN
of	IN
bulimia	NN
does	VBZ
succeed	VB
the	DT
rate	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
stop	VB
being	VBG
considered	VBN
a	DT
``	``
woman	NN
's	POS
disease	NN
,	,
''	''
nor	CC
a	DT
``	``
teenager	NN
's	POS
problem	NN
.	.
''	''
It	PRP
is	VBZ
true	JJ
that	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
affect	VB
women	NNS
more	RBR
so	RB
than	IN
men	NNS
,	,
but	CC
they	PRP
affect	VBP
both	DT
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
such	JJ
a	DT
thing	NN
as	IN
infantile	JJ
anorexia	NN
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
greatly	RB
common	JJ
to	TO
find	VB
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
geriatric	JJ
community	NN
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
anorexia	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
affect	VBP
homosexual	JJ
and	CC
heterosexual	JJ
males	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
homosexual	JJ
and	CC
heterosexual	JJ
females	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
affect	VBP
young	JJ
boys	NNS
and	CC
young	JJ
girls	NNS
.	.
While	IN
some	DT
forms	NNS
of	IN
feminist	JJ
psychology	NN
greatly	RB
attribute	VBP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
to	TO
societal	JJ
ideals	NNS
and	CC
unrealistic	JJ
expectations	NNS
of	IN
women	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
,	,
once	RB
again	RB
,	,
disagree	VBP
with	IN
this	DT
theory	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
analogous	JJ
to	TO
me	PRP
of	IN
a	DT
gardener	NN
who	WP
keeps	VBZ
finding	VBG
weeds	NNS
in	IN
his	PRP$
garden	NN
.	.
Some	DT
are	VBP
brown	JJ
and	CC
some	DT
are	VBP
green	JJ
.	.
But	CC
instead	RB
of	IN
pulling	VBG
them	PRP
out	RP
by	IN
the	DT
roots	NNS
,	,
he	PRP
keeps	VBZ
changing	VBG
their	PRP$
surroundings	NNS
,	,
thinking	VBG
they	PRP
will	MD
go	VB
away	RB
.	.
He	PRP
shades	VBZ
the	DT
burnt	JJ
brown	JJ
weeds	NNS
and	CC
they	PRP
become	VBP
green	JJ
,	,
reversing	VBG
his	PRP$
care	NN
,	,
the	DT
green	JJ
turn	NN
brown	JJ
.	.
Ultimately	RB
,	,
the	DT
gardener	NN
realizes	VBZ
that	IN
he	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
pull	VB
his	PRP$
weed	NN
problem	NN
out	IN
by	IN
the	DT
roots	NNS
,	,
but	CC
just	RB
changed	VBD
their	PRP$
appearances	NNS
by	IN
altering	VBG
the	DT
elements	NNS
that	WDT
gave	VBD
them	PRP
expression	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
end	NN
,	,
they	PRP
were	VBD
still	RB
weeds	NNS
and	CC
they	PRP
were	VBD
still	RB
unwanted	JJ
,	,
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WDT
color	NN
they	PRP
appeared	VBD
when	WRB
they	PRP
sprouted	VBD
from	IN
the	DT
earth	NN
.	.
In	IN
brief	JJ
explanation	NN
,	,
from	IN
my	PRP$
perspective	NN
,	,
the	DT
feminist	JJ
approach	NN
gets	VBZ
lost	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
symptomatological	JJ
realm	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
digs	VBZ
for	IN
answers	NNS
,	,
but	CC
is	VBZ
misdirected	VBN
.	.
But	CC
assuming	VBG
,	,
hypothetically	RB
that	IN
we	PRP
choose	VBP
to	TO
act	VB
on	IN
this	DT
theory	NN
:	:
that	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
efficient	JJ
method	NN
of	IN
eliminating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
change	VB
society	NN
's	POS
standards	NNS
for	IN
women	NNS
,	,
the	DT
problem	NN
will	MD
remain	VB
unresolved	JJ
.	.
Although	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
drug	NN
addiction	NN
,	,
self-mutilation	NN
,	,
suicidal	JJ
ideation\/behavior	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
are	VBP
afflictions	NNS
often	RB
treated	VBD
separately	RB
from	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
for	IN
good	JJ
reason	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
their	PRP$
common	JJ
bond	NN
,	,
easily	RB
summarized	VBN
as	IN
``	``
maladaptive	JJ
coping	VBG
mechanisms	NNS
,	,
''	''
keeps	VBZ
them	PRP
tightly	RB
woven	VBN
.	.
If	IN
we	PRP
assume	VBP
further	RB
,	,
in	IN
this	DT
hypothetical	JJ
world	NN
,	,
that	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
drastically	RB
decline	VBP
because	IN
society	NN
now	RB
has	VBZ
created	VBN
a	DT
realistic	JJ
standard	NN
of	IN
beauty	NN
,	,
the	DT
problems	NNS
that	WDT
were	VBD
the	DT
true	JJ
``	``
disorder	NN
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
root	NN
problems	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
will	MD
still	RB
be	VB
in	IN
need	NN
of	IN
expression	NN
and	CC
tools	NNS
will	MD
still	RB
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
individuals	NNS
who	WP
remain	VBP
incapable	JJ
of	IN
determining	VBG
proper	JJ
emotional	JJ
outlets	NNS
,	,
nor	CC
having	VBG
proper	JJ
insight	NN
into	IN
what	WP
they	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
``	``
let	VB
out	RP
.	.
''	''
Taking	VBG
away	RP
the	DT
``	``
sunshine	NN
''	''
that	WDT
makes	VBZ
these	DT
problems	NNS
sprout	VBP
up	RP
,	,
as	IN
``	``
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
''	''
will	MD
not	RB
rid	VB
us	PRP
of	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Rather	RB
,	,
we	PRP
may	MD
begin	VB
to	TO
see	VB
increased	VBN
incidence	NN
of	IN
severe	JJ
self-mutilation	NN
,	,
drug	NN
addiction	NN
,	,
sex	NN
addiction	NN
,	,
forms	NNS
of	IN
psychosis	NN
,	,
OCD	NNP
,	,
suicide	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
true	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
behind	IN
the	DT
differently	RB
colored	VBN
curtains	NNS
of	IN
such	JJ
illnesses	NNS
are	VBP
addressed	VBN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
family	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
,	,
rape	NN
,	,
domestic	JJ
violence	NN
,	,
child	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
and	CC
perhaps	RB
even	RB
underlying	VBG
biological	JJ
contributors	NNS
,	,
then	RB
just	RB
maybe	RB
we	PRP
will	MD
get	VB
somewhere	RB
in	IN
our	PRP$
search	NN
for	IN
deliverance	NN
from	IN
these	DT
incapacitating	JJ
and	CC
often	RB
fatal	JJ
psychiatric-medical	JJ
illnesses	NNS
.	.
In	IN
January	NNP
1999	CD
,	,
Kelsey	NNP
,	,
my	PRP$
10-year	JJ
old	JJ
daughter	NN
,	,
asked	VBD
if	IN
she	PRP
could	MD
go	VB
to	TO
a	DT
weight	NN
loss	NN
camp	NN
in	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
instead	RB
of	IN
her	PRP$
usual	JJ
camp	NN
.	.
She	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
cruising	VBG
the	DT
net	NN
and	CC
had	VBD
one	CD
all	DT
picked	VBN
out	RP
.	.
Her	PRP$
father	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
reasoned	VBD
that	IN
even	RB
though	IN
our	PRP$
daughter	NN
was	VBD
n't	RB
really	RB
overweight	JJ
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
camp	NN
would	MD
make	VB
her	PRP$
feel	NN
better	RB
about	IN
herself	PRP
,	,
why	WRB
not	RB
?	.
Since	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
located	VBN
in	IN
La	NNP
Jolla	NNP
,	,
near	IN
her	PRP$
grandparents	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
agreed	VBD
that	IN
she	PRP
could	MD
go	VB
.	.
We	PRP
contacted	VBD
the	DT
camp	NN
,	,
sent	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
money	NN
,	,
and	CC
put	VBD
that	DT
little	JJ
``	``
to	TO
do	VB
''	''
out	IN
of	IN
our	PRP$
minds	NNS
.	.
With	IN
that	DT
seemingly	RB
innocent	JJ
request	NN
and	CC
unbeknownst	NN
to	TO
us	PRP
,	,
Kelsey	NNP
took	VBD
the	DT
first	JJ
few	JJ
steps	NNS
on	IN
what	WP
would	MD
become	VB
a	DT
single-minded	JJ
and	CC
harrowing	JJ
journey	NN
toward	IN
death	NN
by	IN
self-imposed	JJ
starvation	NN
.	.
She	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
diet	NN
and	CC
exercise	NN
.	.
It	PRP
all	DT
seemed	VBD
so	RB
innocent	JJ
that	IN
winter	NN
.	.
We	PRP
approved	VBD
;	:
after	IN
all	DT
,	,
she	PRP
could	MD
stand	VB
to	TO
lose	VB
a	DT
little	JJ
weight	NN
,	,
right	NN
?	.
Slowly	RB
,	,
so	RB
slowly	RB
that	IN
we	PRP
never	RB
noticed	VBD
it	PRP
,	,
she	PRP
cut	VBD
many	JJ
foods	NNS
then	RB
whole	JJ
food	NN
groups	NNS
from	IN
her	PRP$
diet	NN
.	.
A	DT
few	JJ
months	NNS
passed	VBN
.	.
She	PRP
stopped	VBD
eating	VBG
with	IN
us	PRP
,	,
saying	VBG
that	IN
she	PRP
'd	VBD
already	RB
eaten	VBN
or	CC
would	MD
eat	VB
later	RB
.	.
When	WRB
we	PRP
forced	VBD
her	PRP
to	TO
eat	VB
dinner	NN
with	IN
us	PRP
,	,
she	PRP
was	VBD
sullen	JJ
and	CC
simply	RB
pushed	VBD
her	PRP$
food	NN
around	IN
on	IN
her	PRP$
plate	NN
.	.
Late	RB
that	IN
spring	NN
our	PRP$
housekeepers	NNS
pulled	VBD
me	PRP
off	RP
to	TO
the	DT
side	NN
and	CC
whispered	VBD
,	,
``	``
She	PRP
's	VBZ
getting	VBG
VERY	RB
thin	JJ
,	,
do	VBP
n't	RB
you	PRP
think	VB
?	.
''	''
I	PRP
took	VBD
a	DT
new	JJ
look	NN
at	IN
her	PRP$
and	CC
felt	VBD
a	DT
ragged	JJ
,	,
painful	JJ
tearing	VBG
inside	IN
my	PRP$
heart	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
,	,
indeed	RB
,	,
far	RB
too	RB
thin	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
took	VBD
her	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
doctor	NN
,	,
who	WP
talked	VBD
with	IN
her	PRP$
at	IN
length	NN
about	IN
proper	JJ
nutrition	NN
and	CC
made	VBD
a	DT
deal	NN
with	IN
her	PRP$
regarding	VBG
what	WP
she	PRP
would	MD
eat	VB
each	DT
day	NN
.	.
I	PRP
really	RB
thought	VBD
Kelsey	NNP
would	MD
uphold	VB
her	PRP$
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
deal	NN
.	.
She	PRP
'd	MD
always	RB
been	VBN
such	JJ
a	DT
trustworthy	JJ
girl	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
June	NNP
1999	CD
,	,
I	PRP
called	VBD
her	PRP$
camp	NN
and	CC
explained	VBD
to	TO
them	PRP
that	IN
she	PRP
no	RB
longer	RBR
needed	VBN
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
and	CC
asked	VBD
if	IN
,	,
perhaps	RB
,	,
she	PRP
should	MD
not	RB
come	VB
.	.
They	PRP
were	VBD
very	RB
reassuring	JJ
and	CC
convinced	JJ
me	PRP
that	IN
they	PRP
dealt	VBD
with	IN
all	DT
kinds	NNS
of	IN
kids	NNS
,	,
all	DT
sorts	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
would	MD
assign	VB
her	PRP
to	TO
a	DT
counselor	NN
well	RB
versed	VBN
in	IN
her	PRP$
problems	NNS
and	CC
she	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
with	IN
other	JJ
kids	NNS
who	WP
were	VBD
not	RB
eating	VBG
enough	RB
.	.
As	RB
long	RB
as	IN
she	PRP
ate	VBD
enough	RB
calories	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
,	,
they	PRP
told	VBD
me	PRP
,	,
she	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
fine	JJ
in	IN
their	PRP$
program	NN
.	.
Since	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
still	RB
very	RB
innocent	JJ
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
Kelsey	NNP
's	POS
problem	NN
,	,
I	PRP
agreed	VBD
to	TO
their	PRP$
plan	NN
with	IN
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
profound	JJ
relief	NN
that	IN
someone	NN
who	WP
knew	VBD
about	IN
this	DT
would	MD
be	VB
working	VBG
with	IN
her	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
idea	NN
that	IN
,	,
by	IN
then	RB
,	,
she	PRP
was	VBD
eating	VBG
far	RB
less	RBR
calories	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
then	RB
they	PRP
had	VBD
suggested	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
clue	NN
that	WDT
with	IN
each	DT
set	NN
of	IN
sit-ups	NNS
,	,
with	IN
every	DT
passing	VBG
day	NN
,	,
she	PRP
was	VBD
edging	VBG
closer	RBR
and	CC
closer	RBR
to	TO
death	NN
.	.
Near	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
June	NNP
we	PRP
sent	VBD
her	PRP
off	RP
to	TO
visit	VB
her	PRP$
grandparents	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
week	NN
.	.
We	PRP
figured	VBD
that	IN
if	IN
she	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
eat	VB
much	JJ
while	IN
with	IN
them	PRP
,	,
she	PRP
would	MD
still	RB
be	VB
okay	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
just	RB
one	CD
week	NN
,	,
right	NN
?	.
They	PRP
would	MD
drop	VB
her	PRP$
at	IN
camp	NN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
week	NN
.	.
We	PRP
knew	VBD
the	DT
people	NNS
at	IN
her	PRP$
camp	NN
would	MD
manage	VB
her	PRP$
food	NN
intake	NN
;	:
they	PRP
were	VBD
professionals	NNS
,	,
after	IN
all	DT
.	.
Three	CD
days	NNS
after	IN
we	PRP
moved	VBD
Spokane	NNP
,	,
Kelsey	NNP
turned	VBD
eleven	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
.	.
Two	CD
days	NNS
later	RB
,	,
on	IN
August	NNP
15th	JJ
,	,
she	PRP
was	VBD
admitted	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
pediatric	JJ
intensive	JJ
care	NN
unit	NN
at	IN
a	DT
local	JJ
hospital	NN
.	.
Kelsey	NNP
,	,
our	PRP$
incredibly	RB
determined	VBN
daughter	NN
,	,
had	VBD
managed	VBN
to	TO
lose	VB
a	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
in	IN
about	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
,	,
almost	RB
half	DT
her	PRP$
body	NN
weight	NN
.	.
When	WRB
she	PRP
was	VBD
admitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
hospital	NN
,	,
her	PRP$
digestive	JJ
system	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
working	VBG
at	IN
all	DT
.	.
Her	PRP$
heart	NN
was	VBD
beating	VBG
irregularly	RB
.	.
Her	PRP$
brain	NN
had	VBD
shrunk	VBN
.	.
Her	PRP$
core	NN
body	NN
temperature	NN
was	VBD
way	NN
too	RB
low	JJ
.	.
The	DT
hair	NN
on	IN
her	PRP$
head	NN
was	VBD
coming	VBG
out	RP
in	IN
handfuls	NNS
and	CC
she	PRP
was	VBD
growing	VBG
lanugo	NN
on	IN
her	PRP$
abdomen	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
yellow	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
had	VBD
her	PRP$
admitted	VBN
over	IN
her	PRP$
vehement	JJ
protests	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
still	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
lose	VB
more	JJR
weight	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
doctor	NN
told	VBD
us	PRP
that	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
only	RB
a	DT
handful	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
away	RB
from	IN
death	NN
.	.
I	PRP
held	VBD
her	PRP
as	IN
she	PRP
cried	VBD
weakly	RB
,	,
like	IN
the	DT
scared	JJ
little	JJ
girl	NN
she	PRP
was	VBD
,	,
when	WRB
they	PRP
pushed	VBD
the	DT
feeding	NN
tube	NN
down	IN
through	IN
her	PRP$
nose	NN
,	,
through	IN
her	PRP$
stomach	NN
,	,
and	CC
into	IN
her	PRP$
intestines	NNS
.	.
Her	PRP$
dad	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
spent	VBD
night	NN
after	IN
night	NN
,	,
day	NN
after	IN
day	NN
,	,
in	IN
her	PRP$
hospital	NN
room	NN
.	.
We	PRP
flew	VBD
a	DT
procession	NN
of	IN
relatives	NNS
and	CC
friends	NNS
to	TO
Spokane	NNP
,	,
to	TO
care	VB
for	IN
our	PRP$
two-year	JJ
old	JJ
son	NN
,	,
so	IN
we	PRP
could	MD
spend	VB
time	NN
with	IN
Kelsey	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
watched	VBD
her	PRP$
fight	NN
her	PRP$
doctors	NNS
about	IN
eating	VBG
.	.
We	PRP
heard	VBD
her	PRP$
scream	NN
at	IN
them	PRP
,	,
hating	VBG
them	PRP
for	IN
wanting	VBG
to	TO
``	``
make	VB
her	PRP$
fat	JJ
''	''
.	.
She	PRP
screamed	VBD
at	IN
us	PRP
too	RB
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
reason	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
an	DT
exhausting	JJ
,	,
painful	JJ
,	,
ragged	JJ
,	,
hurting	VBG
,	,
confusing	JJ
time	NN
for	IN
us	PRP
all	DT
.	.
The	DT
doctor	NN
in	IN
charge	NN
of	IN
managing	VBG
her	PRP$
anorexia	NN
,	,
the	DT
renowned	JJ
Dr.	NNP
Jim	NNP
States	NNPS
,	,
took	VBD
it	PRP
all	DT
in	IN
stride	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
wonderful	JJ
counselor	NN
,	,
Lisa	NNP
Middaugh	NNP
,	,
came	VBD
to	TO
see	VB
Kelsey	NNP
daily	RB
,	,
as	IN
did	VBD
the	DT
nutritionist	NN
.	.
The	DT
fourth	JJ
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
team	NN
was	VBD
another	DT
counselor	NN
,	,
Rick	NNP
Graff	NNP
,	,
who	WP
worked	VBD
with	IN
her	PRP$
dad	NN
and	CC
me	PRP
,	,
trying	VBG
to	TO
keep	VB
us	PRP
somewhat	RB
balanced	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
midst	NN
of	IN
the	DT
horror	NN
that	WDT
had	VBD
overshadowed	VBN
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
needed	VBD
all	PDT
this	DT
help	NN
,	,
we	PRP
were	VBD
told	VBN
,	,
to	TO
get	VB
through	IN
the	DT
crises	NNS
and	CC
on	IN
into	IN
the	DT
healing	NN
beyond	IN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
ICU	NNP
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
weeks	NNS
,	,
then	RB
in	IN
the	DT
regular	JJ
pediatrics	NNS
unit	NN
for	IN
another	DT
couple	NN
weeks	NNS
.	.
Throughout	IN
that	DT
time	NN
,	,
her	PRP$
doctors	NNS
,	,
nutritionist	NN
,	,
and	CC
counselors	NNS
,	,
the	DT
``	``
team	NN
''	''
that	WDT
was	VBD
charged	VBN
with	IN
her	PRP$
care	NN
,	,
worked	VBD
tirelessly	RB
to	TO
insure	VB
her	PRP$
survival	NN
.	.
Through	IN
that	DT
time	NN
we	PRP
slowly	RB
grew	VBD
accustomed	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
idea	NN
of	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
critically	RB
ill	JJ
child	NN
.	.
We	PRP
slowly	RB
began	VBD
to	TO
see	VB
some	DT
light	JJ
beyond	IN
the	DT
dark	JJ
clouds	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
worst	JJS
fears	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
States	NNP
and	CC
his	PRP$
team	NN
would	MD
save	VB
our	PRP$
child	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
released	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
in	IN
mid-September	NNP
.	.
A	DT
couple	NN
weeks	NNS
later	RB
the	DT
feeding	VBG
tube	NN
was	VBD
removed	VBN
.	.
She	PRP
began	VBD
6th	JJ
grade	NN
the	DT
day	NN
after	IN
it	PRP
came	VBD
out	RP
.	.
Though	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
few	JJ
weeks	NNS
after	IN
everyone	NN
else	RB
went	VBD
back	RB
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
new	JJ
school	NN
to	TO
boot	NN
,	,
she	PRP
was	VBD
glad	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
there	RB
,	,
glad	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
doing	VBG
something	NN
``	``
normal	JJ
''	''
.	.
Girls	NNS
can	MD
and	CC
do	VB
recover	VB
from	IN
anorexia	NN
.	.
It	PRP
takes	VBZ
work	NN
and	CC
dedication	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
money	NN
,	,
she	PRP
adds	VBZ
cynically	RB
,	,
because	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
damned	RB
expensive	JJ
disease	NN
to	TO
treat	VB
even	RB
if	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
good	JJ
insurance	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
on	IN
the	DT
part	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
family	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
recovery	NN
certainly	RB
asks	VBZ
no	RB
more	RBR
from	IN
family	NN
members	NNS
than	IN
it	PRP
requires	VBZ
from	IN
the	DT
anorectic	NN
girl	NN
.	.
The	DT
bottom	JJ
line	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
girls	NNS
recover	VBP
from	IN
anorexia	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
girl	NN
has	VBZ
.	.
Yours	NNP
can	MD
too	RB
.	.
There	EX
were	VBD
also	RB
messages	NNS
of	IN
quiet	JJ
hope	NN
and	CC
touching	VBG
sympathy	NN
as	RB
well	RB
,	,
messages	NNS
from	IN
girls	NNS
and	CC
young	JJ
women	NNS
who	WP
were	VBD
recovering	VBG
or	CC
recovered	VBD
,	,
who	WP
were	VBD
picking	VBG
up	RP
the	DT
pieces	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
and	CC
moving	VBG
on	IN
,	,
stronger	JJR
for	IN
the	DT
ordeal	NN
by	IN
fire	NN
that	IN
anorexia	NN
foists	NNS
upon	IN
its	PRP$
survivors	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
messages	NNS
from	IN
these	DT
young	JJ
women	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
read	VBP
over	IN
and	CC
over	IN
during	IN
the	DT
bad	JJ
times	NNS
with	IN
Kelsey	NNP
,	,
during	IN
the	DT
times	NNS
when	WRB
I	PRP
wept	VBD
with	IN
despair	NN
,	,
wondering	VBG
if	IN
she	PRP
would	MD
want	VB
to	TO
recover	VB
enough	RB
to	TO
continue	VB
taking	VBG
the	DT
hard	JJ
steps	NNS
necessary	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
process	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
never	RB
really	RB
popular	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
just	RB
was	VBD
there	RB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
used	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
made	VBN
fun	NN
of	IN
a	DT
lot	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
fat	JJ
,	,
or	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
ugly	JJ
,	,
or	CC
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
do	VB
everything	NN
right	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
problems	NNS
with	IN
my	PRP$
classmates	NNS
,	,
until	IN
finally	RB
summer	NN
came	VBD
.	.
That	DT
summer	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
worst	JJS
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
I	PRP
got	VBD
in	IN
to	TO
arguments	NNS
with	IN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
got	VBD
arrested	VBN
...	:
I	PRP
just	RB
felt	VBD
as	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
control	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
really	RB
know	VB
why	WRB
I	PRP
started	VBD
not	RB
eating	VBG
...	:
I	PRP
just	RB
did	VBD
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
felt	VBD
great	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
losing	VBG
weight	NN
;	:
I	PRP
was	VBD
finally	RB
getting	VBG
some	DT
social	JJ
acceptance	NN
,	,
and	CC
control	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
kept	VBD
going	VBG
...	:
after	IN
all	DT
,	,
if	IN
losing	VBG
a	DT
little	JJ
bit	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
had	VBD
brought	VBN
all	PDT
these	DT
good	JJ
comments	NNS
,	,
what	WP
could	MD
more	RBR
do	VB
?	.
I	PRP
lost	VBD
more	RBR
and	CC
more	RBR
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
The	DT
comments	NNS
began	VBD
to	TO
stop	VB
...	:
I	PRP
felt	VBD
as	IN
though	IN
I	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
getting	VBG
gaining	VBG
weight	NN
...	:
letting	VBG
everyone	NN
down	IN
...	:
so	IN
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
eat	VB
less	JJR
,	,
and	CC
after	IN
I	PRP
ate	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
feel	VB
guilty	JJ
,	,
and	CC
make	VB
myself	PRP
purge	VB
.	.
Eventually	RB
,	,
my	PRP$
mom	NN
decided	VBD
I	PRP
needed	VBD
treatment	NN
for	IN
this	DT
,	,
I	PRP
went	VBD
through	IN
several	JJ
months	NNS
of	IN
treatment	NN
,	,
both	DT
inpatient	JJ
and	CC
outpatient	NN
.	.
After	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
months	NNS
I	PRP
stopped	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
outpatient	NN
sessions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
shortly	RB
there	RB
after	IN
,	,
I	PRP
found	VBD
my	PRP$
self	NN
relapsing	NN
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
just	RB
happened	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
stop	VB
.	.
This	DT
time	NN
however	RB
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
eat	VB
normally	RB
,	,
then	RB
feel	VB
guilty	JJ
,	,
and	CC
purge	NN
.	.
I	PRP
continued	VBD
along	IN
this	DT
way	NN
for	IN
about	IN
two	CD
weeks	NNS
.	.
Until	IN
one	CD
day	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
PE	NNP
class	NN
,	,
we	PRP
were	VBD
swimming	VBG
the	DT
500	CD
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
done	VBN
this	DT
dozens	NNS
of	IN
times	NNS
before	RB
,	,
but	CC
this	DT
time	NN
was	VBD
different	JJ
.	.
This	DT
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
finish	VB
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
teacher	NN
,	,
he	PRP
let	VBD
me	PRP
get	VB
out	RB
early	RB
,	,
and	CC
go	VB
shower	VB
.	.
I	PRP
took	VBD
a	DT
shower	VB
,	,
changed	VBD
clothes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
walked	VBD
in	IN
to	TO
the	DT
hallway	NN
and	CC
sit	VB
down	RP
.	.
I	PRP
guess	VBP
I	PRP
lost	VBD
consciousness	NN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
really	RB
sure	JJ
how	WRB
long	RB
I	PRP
was	VBD
there	RB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
woke	VBD
up	RP
with	IN
my	PRP$
PE	NN
teacher	NN
,	,
and	CC
about	RB
4	CD
or	CC
5	CD
students	NNS
standing	VBG
around	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
escorted	VBN
down	RB
to	TO
the	DT
nurse	NN
's	POS
office	NN
,	,
still	RB
only	RB
half-there	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
taken	VBN
immediately	RB
to	TO
my	PRP$
doctor	NN
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
to	TO
the	DT
hospital	NN
,	,
where	WRB
I	PRP
spent	VBD
the	DT
next	JJ
7	CD
hours	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
IV	NNP
in	IN
my	PRP$
arm	NN
,	,
under	IN
observation	NN
.	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
treatment	NN
again	RB
the	DT
next	JJ
day	NN
after	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
released	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
.	.
I	PRP
went	VBD
through	IN
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
months	NNS
,	,
and	CC
still	RB
regularly	RB
attend	VB
support	NN
groups	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
powerless	JJ
,	,
numb	JJ
to	TO
your	PRP$
actions	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
consequences	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
so	RB
far	RB
gone	VBN
,	,
to	TO
look	VB
into	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
and	CC
not	RB
recognize	VB
the	DT
face	NN
of	IN
the	DT
person	NN
looking	VBG
back	RP
with	IN
big	JJ
blank	JJ
eyes	NNS
and	CC
an	DT
unwritten	JJ
expression	NN
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
to	TO
hate	VB
yourself	PRP
for	IN
what	WP
and	CC
who	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
,	,
but	CC
still	RB
know	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
change	VB
,	,
that	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
not	RB
that	IN
strong	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
why	WRB
I	PRP
do	VBP
it	PRP
,	,
or	CC
why	WRB
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
stop	VB
;	:
you	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
to	TO
think	VB
that	IN
eyes	NNS
are	VBP
constantly	RB
staring	VBG
into	IN
and	CC
through	IN
you	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
what	WP
its	PRP$
like	IN
to	TO
have	VB
so	RB
much	JJ
hate	NN
for	IN
yourself	PRP
built	VBD
up	RP
inside	IN
of	IN
you	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
to	TO
end	VB
up	RP
crying	VBG
on	IN
a	DT
bathroom	NN
floor	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
that	IN
be	VB
the	DT
high	JJ
point	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
day	NN
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
what	WP
thoughts	NNS
go	VBP
through	IN
my	PRP$
head	NN
while	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
on	IN
my	PRP$
knees	NNS
with	IN
my	PRP$
finger	NN
stuck	VBD
down	RP
my	PRP$
throat	NN
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
the	DT
inside	NN
of	IN
a	DT
toilet	NN
bowl	NN
intimately	RB
like	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
the	DT
pain	NN
of	IN
knowing	VBG
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
this	DT
disease	NN
,	,
this	DT
chronic	JJ
illness	NN
and	CC
not	RB
make	VB
an	DT
attempt	NN
to	TO
ask	VB
for	IN
help	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
afraid	JJ
of	IN
what	WP
everyone	NN
else	RB
will	MD
think	VB
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
me	PRP
,	,
or	CC
how	WRB
I	PRP
feel	VBP
inside	RB
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
what	WP
drives	NNS
me	PRP
to	TO
do	VB
this	DT
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
to	TO
never	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
yourself	PRP
,	,
always	RB
an	DT
actor	NN
playing	VBG
this	DT
role	NN
of	IN
a	DT
normal	JJ
,	,
healthy	JJ
person	NN
without	IN
any	DT
huge	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
the	DT
actions	NNS
I	PRP
take	VBP
or	CC
the	DT
lengths	NNS
I	PRP
go	VBP
to	TO
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
powerless	JJ
or	CC
how	WRB
much	JJ
I	PRP
hate	VBP
being	VBG
so	RB
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
afraid	JJ
I	PRP
am	VBP
,	,
my	PRP$
main	JJ
fear	NN
being	VBG
myself	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
the	DT
taste	NN
of	IN
dry	JJ
tears	NNS
on	IN
your	PRP$
upper	JJ
lip	NN
as	IN
you	PRP
cry	VBP
yourself	PRP
to	TO
sleep	VB
at	IN
night	NN
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
to	TO
pull	VB
off	RP
this	DT
ultimate	JJ
joke	NN
,	,
letting	VBG
people	NNS
think	VBP
you	PRP
're	VBP
normal	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
afraid	JJ
I	PRP
am	VBP
that	IN
my	PRP$
lie	NN
will	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
out	RP
and	CC
I	PRP
'd	MD
have	VB
to	TO
face	VB
someone	NN
familiar	JJ
instead	RB
of	IN
that	DT
familiar	JJ
stranger	NN
in	IN
the	DT
mirror	NN
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
,	,
but	CC
if	IN
I	PRP
told	VBD
you	PRP
,	,
you	PRP
'd	MD
pretend	VB
to	TO
know	VB
how	WRB
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
,	,
or	CC
how	WRB
much	JJ
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
hate	VB
myself	PRP
to	TO
do	VB
this	DT
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
what	WP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
thinking	VBG
because	IN
I	PRP
hide	VBP
my	PRP$
dissatisfaction	NN
with	IN
myself	PRP
and	CC
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
,	,
but	CC
please	VB
carry	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
anybody	NN
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
never	RB
know	VB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
suffered	VBN
for	IN
what	WP
other	JJ
people	NNS
think	VBP
of	IN
me	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
punished	VBN
my	PRP$
self	NN
for	IN
other	JJ
people	NNS
's	POS
thoughs	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
selled	VBN
my	PRP$
soul	NN
to	TO
be	VB
accepted	VBN
,	,
I	PRP
selled	VBD
my	PRP$
reason	NN
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
this	DT
world	NN
to	TO
be	VB
accepted	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
renounced	VBN
to	TO
my	PRP$
spirit	NN
to	TO
become	VB
a	DT
picture	NN
of	IN
what	WP
the	DT
world	NN
beleives	VBZ
is	VBZ
``	``
in	IN
''	''
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
grateful	JJ
,	,
because	IN
after	IN
all	PDT
this	DT
years	NNS
of	IN
suffering	VBG
I	PRP
have	VBP
found	VBN
something	NN
very	RB
hard	RB
to	TO
find	VB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
found	VBN
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
only	JJ
person	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
please	VB
is	VBZ
me	PRP
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
only	JJ
person	NN
I	PRP
can	MD
change	VB
is	VBZ
me	PRP
.	.
.	.
and	CC
that	DT
by	IN
changing	VBG
myself	PRP
I	PRP
can	MD
change	VB
more	JJR
than	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
imagine	VB
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
learned	VBN
that	IN
our	PRP$
souls	NNS
are	VBP
the	DT
only	JJ
real	JJ
thing	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
nothing	NN
else	RB
is	VBZ
going	VBG
to	TO
give	VB
me	PRP
greater	JJR
happines	NNS
than	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
love	VB
and	CC
respect	VB
myself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
by	IN
doing	VBG
that	IN
,	,
people	NNS
love	VBP
me	PRP
and	CC
respect	VB
me	PRP
more	RBR
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
learned	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
only	JJ
reason	NN
we	PRP
are	VBP
here	RB
is	VBZ
to	TO
find	VB
out	RP
who	WP
we	PRP
are	VBP
and	CC
what	WP
are	VBP
we	PRP
here	RB
for	IN
.	.
When	WRB
we	PRP
find	VBP
our	PRP$
purpose	NN
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
give	VBP
it	PRP
to	TO
others	NNS
we	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
greatest	JJS
sensation	NN
ever	RB
imagined	VBD
.	.
And	CC
our	PRP$
purpose	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
being	VBG
famous	JJ
,	,
doctors	NNS
,	,
lawyers	NNS
...	:
a	DT
purpose	NN
can	MD
be	VB
bringing	VBG
happiness	NN
,	,
helping	VBG
others	NNS
...	:
and	CC
this	DT
purposes	NNS
are	VBP
more	RBR
important	JJ
than	IN
career	NN
oriented	VBN
ones	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
,	,
people	NNS
with	IN
ed	VBN
's	POS
,	,
are	VBP
very	RB
afraid	JJ
to	TO
listen	VB
to	TO
ourselves	PRP
,	,
we	PRP
are	VBP
always	RB
distracting	VBG
our	PRP$
souls	NNS
with	IN
thouhgs	NNS
.	.
.	.
the	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
out	IN
is	VBZ
jumping	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
empty	JJ
,	,
not	RB
being	VBG
afraid	JJ
,	,
afraid	JJ
is	VBZ
in	IN
our	PRP$
minds	NNS
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
avoidings	NNS
we	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
to	TO
handle	VB
sooner	RBR
or	CC
later	RBR
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
like	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
million	CD
miles	NNS
away	RB
from	IN
the	DT
rest	NN
of	IN
the	DT
human	JJ
population	NN
.	.
Everyday	JJ
I	PRP
make	VBP
myself	PRP
binge	NN
and	CC
purge	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
hate	VBP
myself	PRP
for	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
live	VBP
in	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
personal	JJ
hell	NN
and	CC
very	RB
few	JJ
people	NNS
understand	VBP
that	IN
.	.
I	PRP
hate	VBP
myself	PRP
for	IN
not	RB
being	VBG
strong	JJ
enough	RB
to	TO
withstand	VB
food	NN
,	,
to	TO
have	VB
the	DT
``	``
willpower	NN
''	''
to	TO
say	VB
no	UH
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
about	IN
willpower	NN
.	.
If	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
,	,
do	VB
you	PRP
think	VBP
I	PRP
'd	MD
be	VB
doing	VBG
this	DT
?	.
I	PRP
torture	VBP
myself	PRP
everyday	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
ingest	VBP
more	JJR
calories	NNS
than	IN
I	PRP
care	VBP
to	TO
remember	VB
and	CC
then	RB
I	PRP
make	VBP
myself	PRP
throw	VB
up	RP
.	.
Please	VB
understand	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
do	VB
that	DT
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
horrible	JJ
to	TO
self-induce	JJ
purging	VBG
.	.
My	PRP$
stomach	NN
cramps	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
eyes	NNS
become	VBP
bloodshot	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
feel	VBP
like	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
die	VB
.	.
Sometimes	RB
I	PRP
bleed	VB
and	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
even	RB
care	VB
.	.
No	DT
one	PRP
would	MD
do	VB
that	DT
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
control	VB
their	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
control	NN
over	IN
food	NN
-	:
it	PRP
controls	VBZ
me	PRP
,	,
with	IN
more	JJR
force	NN
than	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
imagine	VB
.	.
Often	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
absent	JJ
from	IN
conversations	NNS
because	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
obsessing	VBG
about	IN
food	NN
.	.
I	PRP
wake	VBP
up	RP
every	DT
day	NN
trying	VBG
to	TO
fight	VB
my	PRP$
inner	JJ
demon	NN
,	,
but	CC
food	NN
is	VBZ
all	DT
around	IN
us	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
My	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
about	IN
food	NN
are	VBP
completely	RB
irrational	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
as	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
worthy	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
alive	JJ
,	,
let	VB
alone	RB
eat	VB
.	.
For	IN
me	PRP
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
gray	JJ
as	IN
far	RB
as	IN
food	NN
is	VBZ
concerned	VBN
,	,
everything	NN
is	VBZ
just	RB
unnecessary	JJ
sugar	NN
and	CC
fat	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
``	``
forbidden	VBN
food	NN
''	''
list	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
endless	JJ
...	:
I	PRP
hate	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
restaurants	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
bear	VB
to	TO
let	VB
others	NNS
watch	VB
me	PRP
eat	VB
,	,
and	CC
once	RB
I	PRP
have	VBP
eaten	VBN
,	,
all	DT
I	PRP
can	MD
think	VB
about	IN
is	VBZ
how	WRB
much	JJ
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
throw	VB
up	RP
,	,
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WP
I	PRP
have	VBP
eaten	VBN
.	.
Food	NNP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
poison	NN
,	,
a	DT
drug	NN
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
binge	NN
and	CC
purge	NN
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
consequences	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
filled	VBN
with	IN
an	DT
uncontrollable	JJ
rage	NN
,	,
which	WDT
I	PRP
take	VBP
out	RP
on	IN
myself	PRP
everyday	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
mind	NN
is	VBZ
extremely	RB
sneaky	JJ
-	:
it	PRP
tricks	NNS
even	RB
me	PRP
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
binge	NN
and	CC
purge	NN
I	PRP
feel	VBP
like	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
possessed	VBN
,	,
nothing	NN
exists	VBZ
except	IN
for	IN
me	PRP
and	CC
the	DT
food	NN
...	:
sometimes	RB
I	PRP
go	VBP
to	TO
buy	VB
food	NN
and	CC
when	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
done	VBN
I	PRP
am	VBP
filled	VBN
with	IN
self-hatred	JJ
and	CC
disgust	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
cleanse	VB
myself	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
purge	VB
,	,
for	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
feel	VB
like	IN
the	DT
horrible	JJ
monster	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
Bulimia	NN
kills	VBZ
me	PRP
,	,
yet	CC
it	PRP
comforts	NNS
me	PRP
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
my	PRP$
friend	NN
,	,
and	CC
now	RB
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
undertake	VB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
hardest	RBS
tasks	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
like	IN
,	,
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
,	,
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
take	VB
it	PRP
away	RB
from	IN
me	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
need	VBP
it	PRP
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
survive	VB
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
ask	VB
for	IN
this	DT
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
making	VBG
it	PRP
up	RP
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
disease	NN
and	CC
if	IN
willpower	NN
could	MD
cure	VB
it	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
done	VBN
it	PRP
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
ago	RB
.	.
It	PRP
surprises	NNS
me	PRP
how	WRB
sneaky	JJ
I	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
,	,
the	DT
excuses	NNS
I	PRP
concoct	VBP
,	,
the	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
'll	MD
do	VB
anything	NN
to	TO
feed	VB
my	PRP$
compulsion	NN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
this	DT
can	MD
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
will	MD
-RRB-	-RRB-
kill	VBP
me	PRP
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
give	VB
it	PRP
up	RP
.	.
Some	DT
days	NNS
are	VBP
so	RB
awful	JJ
I	PRP
never	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
it	PRP
again	RB
...	:
some	DT
days	NNS
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
die	VB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
stop	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
letter	NN
I	PRP
wrote	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
cousin	NN
,	,
a	DT
psychologist	NN
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
sent	VBD
her	PRP$
the	DT
letter	NN
.	.
After	IN
rereading	VBG
it	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
became	VBD
embarrassed	JJ
and	CC
ashamed	JJ
.	.
Once	RB
again	RB
,	,
just	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
reaching	VBG
out	RP
for	IN
help	NN
,	,
I	PRP
backed	VBD
away	RB
.	.
Although	IN
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
help	NN
and	CC
wanted	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
``	``
normal	JJ
''	''
again	RB
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
yet	RB
ready	JJ
to	TO
let	VB
go	VB
of	IN
my	PRP$
companion	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
friend	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
worst	JJS
enemy-my	JJ
bulimia	NN
.	.
Writing	VBG
this	DT
letter	NN
helped	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
finally	RB
express	VB
myself	PRP
with	IN
out	IN
being	VBG
ridiculed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
submitting	VBG
this	DT
letter	NN
in	IN
hopes	NNS
that	IN
it	PRP
will	MD
help	VB
someone	NN
else	RB
know	VBP
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
alone	RB
,	,
as	IN
I	PRP
sometimes	RB
feel	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
write	VB
you	PRP
a	DT
note	NN
to	TO
tell	VB
you	PRP
how	WRB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
doing	VBG
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
way	NN
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
really	RB
sorry	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
doing	VBG
this	DT
to	TO
you-dumping	VBG
all	DT
my	PRP$
problems	NNS
on	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Sometimes	RB
I	PRP
feel	VBP
like	IN
a	DT
real	JJ
psycho	NN
.	.
Mom	NN
seems	VBZ
to	TO
believe	VB
that	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
case	NN
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
her	PRP
to	TO
know	VB
what	WP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
going	VBG
through	IN
physically	RB
,	,
mentally	RB
,	,
emotionally	RB
,	,
and	CC
even	RB
chemically	RB
.	.
I	PRP
NEED	VBD
her	PRP
to	TO
know	VB
.	.
I	PRP
need	VBP
someone	NN
to	TO
know	VB
,	,
just	RB
in	IN
case	NN
.	.
See	VB
,	,
I	PRP
bet	VBP
you	PRP
know	VB
what	WP
I	PRP
mean	VBP
when	WRB
I	PRP
say	VBP
``	``
just	RB
in	IN
case	NN
''	''
.	.
Others	NNS
will	MD
ask	VB
,	,
``	``
In	IN
case	NN
of	IN
what	WP
?	.
''	''
Then	RB
they	PRP
let	VBP
out	RP
a	DT
chuckle	NN
and	CC
roll	VBP
their	PRP$
eyes	NNS
when	WRB
I	PRP
explain	VBP
,	,
in	IN
case	NN
I	PRP
die	VBP
.	.
Why	WRB
does	VBZ
it	PRP
seem	VB
so	RB
impossible	JJ
for	IN
someone	NN
to	TO
die	VB
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
?	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
,	,
they	PRP
look	VBP
at	IN
me	PRP
and	CC
they	PRP
can	MD
see	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
a	DT
waif	NN
.	.
And	CC
,	,
gee	RB
,	,
I	PRP
guess	VBP
I	PRP
may	MD
even	RB
look	VB
healthy	JJ
.	.
Nothing	NN
could	MD
happen	VB
to	TO
me	PRP
,	,
right	RB
?	.
My	PRP$
body	NN
ca	MD
n't	RB
and	CC
wo	MD
n't	RB
spare	VB
blood	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
periods	NNS
,	,
how	WRB
can	MD
it	PRP
spare	VB
the	DT
tears	NNS
I	PRP
cry	VBP
as	IN
I	PRP
write	VBP
this	DT
?	.
How	WRB
do	VBP
I	PRP
even	RB
have	VBP
the	DT
energy	NN
to	TO
write	VB
this	DT
?	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
it	PRP
makes	VBZ
sense	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
memory	NN
sucks	VBZ
.	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
think	VB
straight	JJ
anymore	RB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
terrible	JJ
time	NN
getting	VBG
my	PRP$
words	NNS
out	RP
.	.
I	PRP
shake	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
,	,
from	IN
the	DT
cold	JJ
or	CC
from	IN
malnutrition	NN
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
which	WDT
.	.
Maybe	RB
from	IN
both	DT
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
dizzy	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
fall	VBP
into	IN
walls	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
hair	NN
falls	VBZ
out	RP
in	IN
clumps	NNS
.	.
The	DT
whites	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
eyes	NNS
are	VBP
red	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
hips	NNS
hurt	VBN
,	,
the	DT
bones	NNS
stick	VBP
out	RP
.	.
It	PRP
hurts	VBZ
to	TO
lay	VB
or	CC
sit	VB
too	RB
long	RB
.	.
Ive	NNP
lost	VBD
too	RB
much	JJ
weight	NN
over	IN
5 1\/2	CD
months	NNS
!	.
Not	RB
normal	JJ
.	.
But	CC
``	``
great	JJ
''	''
because	IN
it	PRP
came	VBD
off	RP
so	RB
fast	RB
.	.
No	DT
one	PRP
would	MD
know	VB
from	IN
looking	VBG
at	IN
me	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
sick	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
congratulate	VBP
me	PRP
on	IN
the	DT
weight	NN
loss	NN
.	.
I	PRP
smile	VBP
and	CC
am	VBP
happy	JJ
that	IN
they	PRP
notice	VBP
but	CC
furious	JJ
and	CC
annoyed	JJ
because	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
see	VB
that	DT
HOW	NNP
I	PRP
am	VBP
doing	VBG
it	PRP
is	VBZ
bad	JJ
!	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
like	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
saying	VBG
,	,
``	``
Congratulations	NNS
on	IN
slowly	RB
killing	VBG
yourself	PRP
,	,
on	IN
slowly	RB
destroying	VBG
your	PRP$
body	NN
!	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
soooo	JJ
proud	JJ
of	IN
you	PRP
!	.
''	''
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
n't	RB
thinking	VBG
these	DT
things	NNS
,	,
of	IN
course	NN
.	.
I	PRP
guess	VBP
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
someone	NN
to	TO
care	VB
,	,
someone	NN
to	TO
help	VB
me	PRP
.	.
Which	WDT
is	VBZ
confusing	VBG
in	IN
itself	PRP
because	IN
half	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
feel	VB
worthy	JJ
of	IN
care	NN
or	CC
help	NN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
tried	VBD
to	TO
tell	VB
mom	NN
about	IN
my	PRP$
hair	NN
loss	NN
,	,
the	DT
loss	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
period	NN
and	CC
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
hair	NN
I	PRP
was	VBD
growing	VBG
on	IN
my	PRP$
cheeks	NNS
,	,
stomach	NN
and	CC
back	RB
,	,
she	PRP
shook	VBD
her	PRP$
head	NN
in	IN
pity	NN
.	.
``	``
Tsk	NNP
,	,
Tsk	NNP
.	.
Well	RB
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
if	IN
you	PRP
die	VBP
form	NN
this	DT
,	,
Lisa	NNP
,	,
everyone	NN
will	MD
say	VB
,	,
`	``
Awww	NNP
...	:
that	IN
poor	JJ
girl	NN
.	.
She	PRP
must	MD
have	VB
really	RB
had	VBD
something	NN
mentally	RB
wrong	JJ
with	IN
her	PRP
.	.
'	''
''	''
That	DT
statement	NN
almost	RB
killed	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
feel	VB
so	RB
alone	RB
,	,
so	RB
isolated	JJ
,	,
so	RB
CRAZY	JJ
!	.
I	PRP
told	VBD
her	PRP
that	IN
it	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
matter	VB
to	TO
me	PRP
what	WP
people	NNS
thought	VBD
.	.
As	RB
long	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
looking	VBG
at	IN
me	PRP
,	,
while	IN
in	IN
my	PRP$
coffin	NN
,	,
as	IN
a	DT
dead	JJ
THIN	NNP
Lisa	NNP
instead	RB
of	IN
a	DT
dead	JJ
FAT	NNP
Lisa	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
realize	VBP
that	IN
my	PRP$
statement	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
contradiction	NN
of	IN
itself	PRP
.	.
That	DT
if	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
care	VB
what	WP
they	PRP
thought	VBD
,	,
then	RB
,	,
why	WRB
care	NN
if	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
fat	JJ
or	CC
thin	JJ
when	WRB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
dead	JJ
.	.
Its	PRP$
because	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
care	VB
what	WP
people	NNS
think	VBP
,	,
whether	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
dead	JJ
or	CC
alive	JJ
.	.
Maybe	RB
I	PRP
care	VBP
too	RB
much	RB
.	.
But	CC
that	DT
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
main	JJ
reasons	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
onset	NN
of	IN
this	DT
disease	NN
.	.
ONE	CD
of	IN
the	DT
reasons	NNS
.	.
Certainly	RB
not	RB
the	DT
only	JJ
reason	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
believe	VB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
reason	NN
.	.
Again	RB
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
sorry	JJ
for	IN
dumping	VBG
all	PDT
this	DT
stuff	NN
on	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Its	PRP$
just	RB
that	DT
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
tell	VB
by	IN
the	DT
way	NN
you	PRP
listened	VBD
and	CC
treated	VBD
me	PRP
a	DT
few	JJ
months	NNS
ago	IN
that	IN
you	PRP
understand	VBP
.	.
You	PRP
understand	VBP
that	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
disease	NN
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
needed	VBD
to	TO
tell	VB
someone	NN
what	WP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
going	VBG
through	IN
.	.
Someone	NN
who	WP
understands	VBZ
from	IN
a	DT
professional	JJ
level	NN
,	,
I	PRP
guess	VBP
.	.
My	PRP$
hand	NN
hurts	VBZ
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
so	RB
much	RB
better	JJR
now	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
put	VBP
my	PRP$
feelings	NNS
down	RP
on	IN
paper	NN
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
like	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
talking	VBG
to	TO
you	PRP
,	,
to	TO
your	PRP$
face	NN
,	,
as	IN
you	PRP
just	RB
listened	VBD
to	TO
me	PRP
,	,
not	RB
judging	VBG
me	PRP
.	.
Just	RB
listening	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
judge	VB
me	PRP
while	IN
reading	VBG
this	DT
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
needed	VBD
a	DT
friend	NN
.	.
You	PRP
've	VBP
ruined	VBN
my	PRP$
teenage	JJ
years	NNS
that	WDT
were	VBD
supposed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
the	DT
fun	NN
times	NNS
!	.
I	PRP
never	RB
had	VBD
a	DT
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
sick	JJ
of	IN
you	PRP
hurting	VBG
me	PRP
and	CC
the	DT
ones	NNS
who	WP
love	VBP
and	CC
support	VBP
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
choosing	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
and	CC
as	IN
for	IN
you	PRP
...	:
Popular	NNP
Victorian	JJ
thinking	NN
held	VBD
that	IN
women	NNS
were	VBD
``	``
slaves	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
bodily	JJ
appetites	NNS
''	''
,	,
an	DT
attitude	NN
long	RB
asserted	VBD
by	IN
the	DT
Church	NNP
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
food	NN
and	CC
sex	NN
were	VBD
inextricably	RB
linked	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
feminine	JJ
psyche	NN
:	:
``	``
appetite	NN
was	VBD
regarded	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
barometer	NN
of	IN
sexuality	NN
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Brumberg	NNP
175	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Aesthetes	NNS
like	IN
Saint	NNP
Catherine	NNP
modeled	VBD
the	DT
stringent	JJ
standards	NNS
held	VBN
for	IN
women	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
19th	JJ
century	NN
,	,
when	WRB
the	DT
ideal	NN
was	VBD
``	``
a	DT
physique	NN
that	WDT
symbolized	VBD
rejection	NN
of	IN
all	DT
carnal	JJ
appetites	NNS
''	''
Studies	NNS
show	VBP
a	DT
marked	JJ
correlation	NN
between	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
confusion	NN
over	IN
sex	NN
roles	NNS
.	.
Lewis	NNP
and	CC
Johnson	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
1985	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
found	VBD
that	IN
``	``
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
women	NNS
lack	VBP
a	DT
solid	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
sex	NN
role	NN
orientation	NN
,	,
and	CC
this	DT
role	NN
ambiguity	NN
leads	VBZ
to	TO
lowered	VBN
self	NN
esteem	NN
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Jones	NNP
110	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Rost	NNP
et	FW
al	FW
-LRB-	-LRB-
1982	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
noted	VBD
a	DT
significant	JJ
discrepancy	NN
between	IN
their	PRP$
``	``
liberated	VBD
''	''
attitudes	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
``	``
rigid	JJ
''	''
behaviors	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Jones	NNP
111	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Difficulty	NN
in	IN
identifying	VBG
oneself	NN
within	IN
stereotypical	JJ
gender	NN
roles	NNS
may	MD
contribute	VB
to	TO
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
a	DT
disproportionately	RB
high	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
men	NNS
are	VBP
gay	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
Siever	NNP
252	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
estimated	VBN
that	IN
one	CD
in	IN
four	CD
college	NN
women	NNS
struggles	VBZ
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
online	JJ
source	NN
2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
times	NNS
at	IN
which	WDT
women	NNS
are	VBP
struck	VBN
down	RP
by	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
reveal	VBP
how	WRB
they	PRP
have	VBP
internalized	VBN
the	DT
cultural	JJ
ambivalence	NN
described	VBN
above	IN
.	.
Often	RB
``	``
onset	NN
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
coincides	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
underlying	VBG
developmental	JJ
crisis	NN
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Chernin	NNP
23	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Hornbacher	NNP
recalls	VBZ
her	PRP$
own	JJ
crisis	NN
,	,
writing	VBG
,	,
``	``
Faced	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
staggering	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
possibilities	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
quit	VBP
...	:
''	''
The	DT
desire	NN
for	IN
control	NN
that	IN
helps	VBZ
define	VB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
is	VBZ
accompanied	VBN
by	IN
seemingly	RB
contradictory	JJ
dynamics	NNS
.	.
For	IN
one	CD
thing	NN
,	,
many	JJ
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
persons	NNS
claim	VBP
that	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
deserve	VB
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
History	NN
teaches	VBZ
that	IN
women	NNS
``	``
should	MD
suffer	VB
to	TO
attain	VB
an	DT
ideal	NN
,	,
whether	IN
it	PRP
be	VB
gender-specific	JJ
beauty	NN
or	CC
the	DT
more	RBR
general	JJ
ideals	NNS
of	IN
salvation	NN
,	,
subjectivity	NN
,	,
or	CC
autonomy	NN
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Fallon	NNP
42	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
self-sacrificing	JJ
woman	NN
remains	VBZ
an	DT
idol	NN
;	:
consider	VB
the	DT
Catholic	NNP
pre-occupation	NN
with	IN
Mary	NNP
and	CC
with	IN
female	JJ
aesthetes	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
reflected	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
portions	NNS
of	IN
food	NN
that	IN
women	NNS
feel	VBP
comfortable	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
which	WDT
``	``
testify	VB
to	TO
and	CC
reinforce	VB
their	PRP$
sense	NN
of	IN
social	JJ
inferiority	NN
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Fallon	NNP
98	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
Wolf	NNP
,	,
women	NNS
``	``
do	VBP
not	RB
feel	VB
entitled	VBN
to	TO
enough	JJ
food	NN
because	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
they	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
have	VBP
been	VBN
taught	VBN
to	TO
go	VB
with	IN
less	JJR
than	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
they	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
need	VBP
since	IN
birth	NN
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Fallon	NNP
99	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
This	DT
lesson	NN
easily	RB
translates	VBZ
to	TO
a	DT
low	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
self-worth	NN
.	.
The	DT
physiological	JJ
experience	NN
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
similar	JJ
to	TO
that	DT
of	IN
starving	VBG
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
starvation	NN
is	VBZ
self-imposed	JJ
.	.
Is	VBZ
it	PRP
a	DT
great	JJ
leap	NN
,	,
then	RB
,	,
to	TO
view	VB
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
as	IN
a	DT
slow	JJ
suicide	NN
?	.
As	IN
one	CD
patient	NN
eloquently	RB
states	VBZ
,	,
``	``
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
the	DT
most	RBS
socially	RB
acceptable	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
self-destruct	VB
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Thompson	NNP
102	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
My	PRP$
therapist	NN
will	MD
tell	VB
you	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
made	VBN
especial	JJ
progress	NN
lately	RB
.	.
I	PRP
wrote	VBD
the	DT
people	NNS
I	PRP
met	VBD
in	IN
New	NNP
York	NNP
about	IN
my	PRP$
disorder	NN
,	,
hoping	VBG
to	TO
eradicate	VB
some	DT
stereotypes	NNS
and	CC
raise	VB
awareness	NN
.	.
The	DT
responses	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
largely	RB
positive	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
found	VBD
a	DT
support	NN
chatroom	NN
online	NN
at	IN
www.something-fishy.org	NN
.	.
Naturally	RB
this	DT
attracts	VBZ
mostly	RB
women	NNS
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
have	VBP
chatted	VBN
about	IN
many	JJ
subjects	NNS
I	PRP
touched	VBD
on	IN
in	IN
this	DT
paper	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
have	VBP
talked	VBN
about	IN
their	PRP$
self-hatred	JJ
,	,
their	PRP$
lack	NN
of	IN
identity	NN
,	,
their	PRP$
confused	JJ
relationships	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
sex	NN
.	.
Peppered	NNP
throughout	IN
our	PRP$
chats	NNS
are	VBP
affirmations	NNS
and	CC
questions	NNS
like	IN
``	``
what	WP
do	VBP
you	PRP
like	IN
about	IN
yourself	PRP
?	.
''	''
and	CC
``	``
what	WP
are	VBP
you	PRP
good	JJ
at	IN
,	,
apart	RB
from	IN
your	PRP$
disorder	NN
?	.
''	''
.	.
Meanwhile	RB
,	,
many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
women	NNS
come	VBP
in	IN
cherishing	VBG
their	PRP$
disorder	NN
--	:
they	PRP
know	VBP
they	PRP
have	VBP
achieved	VBN
the	DT
ideal	NN
,	,
they	PRP
know	VBP
they	PRP
have	VBP
found	VBN
an	DT
image	NN
that	WDT
conveys	VBZ
all	DT
that	IN
they	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
Women	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
oppose	VB
the	DT
system	NN
that	WDT
still	RB
oppresses	VBZ
us	PRP
,	,
the	DT
industry	NN
that	WDT
still	RB
objectifies	VBZ
us	PRP
.	.
Or	CC
else	RB
we	PRP
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
lose	VB
our	PRP$
sisters	NNS
and	CC
ourselves	PRP
to	TO
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
behaviors	NNS
.	.
These	DT
behaviors	NNS
are	VBP
an	DT
acquiesce	NN
to	TO
an	DT
order	NN
to	TO
self-destruct	VB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
woman	NN
trained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
art	NN
of	IN
hatred	NN
.	.
Hatred	NN
of	IN
the	DT
body	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
story	NN
is	VBZ
only	RB
one	CD
of	IN
many	JJ
.	.
Correction	NN
;	:
my	PRP$
hell	NN
is	VBZ
only	RB
one	CD
of	IN
many	JJ
.	.
How	WRB
epidemic	JJ
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
have	VBP
become	VBN
in	IN
our	PRP$
society	NN
,	,
yet	RB
we	PRP
turn	VB
our	PRP$
heads	NNS
as	IN
the	DT
sick	JJ
twinge	NN
of	IN
jealousy	NN
,	,
envy	NN
for	IN
the	DT
dying	VBG
,	,
swells	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
mind	NN
.	.
We	PRP
've	VBP
fallen	VBN
victim	NN
to	TO
this	DT
senseless	JJ
act	NN
of	IN
violence	NN
.	.
A	DT
crime	NN
unpunishable	JJ
by	IN
law	NN
that	IN
entraps	VBZ
the	DT
very	RB
being	VBG
of	IN
self	NN
.	.
I	PRP
awake	RB
,	,
I	PRP
starve	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
exercise	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
binge	NN
,	,
I	PRP
vomit	VBP
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
when	WRB
the	DT
day	NN
is	VBZ
over	IN
and	CC
a	DT
new	JJ
one	CD
begun	VBN
,	,
I	PRP
begin	VBP
again	RB
.	.
Monotony	NNP
becomes	VBZ
essential	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
destruction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
body	NN
.	.
To	TO
watch	VB
the	DT
world	NN
sit	VB
back	RB
and	CC
condone	VB
the	DT
act	NN
of	IN
self-destruction	NN
,	,
this	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
undoing	NN
of	IN
today	NN
's	POS
youth	NN
.	.
When	WRB
will	MD
we	PRP
learn	VB
?	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
stigma	NN
attached	VBN
to	TO
those	DT
afflicted	VBN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
seen	VBN
as	IN
greedy	JJ
,	,
selfish	JJ
,	,
ignorant	JJ
girls	NNS
.	.
Why	WRB
starve	VBP
the	DT
body	NN
?	.
What	WP
purpose	NN
does	VBZ
it	PRP
serve	VB
?	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
twisted	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
gratification	NN
,	,
of	IN
accomplishment	NN
to	TO
be	VB
gained	VBN
.	.
No	DT
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
claiming	VBG
there	EX
is	VBZ
any	DT
reason	NN
or	CC
rhyme	NN
to	TO
the	DT
madness	NN
,	,
only	RB
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
``	``
our	PRP$
claim	NN
to	TO
fame	NN
.	.
''	''
We	PRP
hold	VBP
on	IN
tight	JJ
to	TO
it	PRP
,	,
afraid	JJ
to	TO
let	VB
go	VB
,	,
afraid	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
less	RBR
,	,
afraid	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
more	RBR
.	.
Our	PRP$
loss	NN
becomes	VBZ
our	PRP$
gain	NN
.	.
Complete	JJ
control	NN
over	IN
the	DT
body	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
functions	NNS
,	,
now	RB
that	DT
's	VBZ
power	NN
.	.
To	TO
restrict	VB
nature	NN
,	,
to	TO
stop	VB
time	NN
,	,
the	DT
high	JJ
is	VBZ
euphoric	JJ
.	.
And	CC
then	RB
it	PRP
all	DT
comes	VBZ
crashing	VBG
down	RP
.	.
Eventually	RB
you	PRP
hit	VBD
rock	NN
bottom	NN
,	,
maybe	RB
you	PRP
hit	VBP
rock	NN
bottom	JJ
time	NN
and	CC
again	RB
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
profound	JJ
realization	NN
;	:
I	PRP
am	VBP
killing	VBG
my	PRP$
body	NN
!	.
You	PRP
become	VBP
filled	VBN
with	IN
fear	NN
-	:
my	PRP$
heart	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
kidneys	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
reproductive	JJ
system	NN
,	,
what	WDT
have	VBP
I	PRP
done	VBN
?	.
You	PRP
decide	VBP
to	TO
enter	VB
``	``
recovery	NN
.	.
''	''
That	DT
lasts	VBZ
all	DT
of	IN
one	CD
day	NN
.	.
You	PRP
choose	VBP
destruction	NN
over	IN
health	NN
.	.
Why	WRB
?	.
Who	WP
are	VBP
you	PRP
without	IN
it	PRP
?	.
What	WP
purpose	NN
do	VBP
you	PRP
serve	VB
in	IN
the	DT
world	NN
?	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
your	PRP$
duty	NN
to	TO
starve	VB
.	.
Our	PRP$
duty	NN
as	IN
women	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
become	VB
as	IN
meek	NN
and	CC
fragile	JJ
as	IN
we	PRP
can	MD
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
become	VBN
``	``
the	DT
American	JJ
way	NN
.	.
''	''
What	WP
good	NN
are	VBP
we	PRP
fat	JJ
?	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
hard	JJ
work	NN
that	WDT
goes	VBZ
into	IN
having	VBG
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Rationalization	NN
is	VBZ
key	JJ
.	.
A	DT
marlboro	NN
light	NN
and	CC
diet	NN
pepsi	NNS
.	.
Mmmmm	NNP
.	.
Breakfast	NN
.	.
You	PRP
go	VBP
pro	JJ
when	WRB
it	PRP
comes	VBZ
to	TO
lying	VBG
.	.
Me	PRP
,	,
hungry	JJ
?	.
No	DT
,	,
I	PRP
ate	VBD
last	JJ
week	NN
.	.
You	PRP
boast	VBP
of	IN
a	DT
superb	JJ
metabolism	NN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
shame	NN
.	.
You	PRP
go	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
extreme	NN
to	TO
hide	VB
your	PRP$
``	``
greatness	NN
.	.
''	''
You	PRP
go	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
extreme	NN
to	TO
hide	VB
your	PRP$
fall	NN
.	.
You	PRP
live	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
state	NN
foreign	JJ
to	TO
those	DT
around	IN
you	PRP
.	.
But	CC
soon	RB
you	PRP
become	VBP
angry	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
fair	JJ
that	IN
you	PRP
despise	VBP
your	PRP$
body	NN
to	TO
such	PDT
a	DT
degree	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
fair	JJ
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
laugh	NN
,	,
think	VB
,	,
see	VB
,	,
act	VB
,	,
and	CC
eat	VB
like	IN
the	DT
others	NNS
.	.
Your	PRP$
``	``
superiority	NN
''	''
melts	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
shame	NN
shines	VBZ
through	IN
.	.
Now	RB
,	,
and	CC
only	RB
now	RB
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
ready	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
fight	NN
.	.
A	DT
fight	NN
for	IN
``	``
normalcy	NN
.	.
''	''
A	DT
fight	NN
for	IN
life	NN
.	.
The	DT
beliefs	NNS
I	PRP
once	RB
held	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
about	IN
to	TO
describe	VB
are	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
seem	VB
absurd	JJ
and	CC
completely	RB
irrational	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
typical	JJ
reader	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
because	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
spent	VBN
much	JJ
time	NN
and	CC
energy	NN
throughout	IN
my	PRP$
high	JJ
school	NN
years	NNS
learning	VBG
to	TO
retrain	VB
my	PRP$
mind	NN
to	TO
rationalize	VB
many	JJ
false	JJ
beliefs	NNS
so	IN
that	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
see	VB
and	CC
believe	VB
reality	NN
.	.
There	EX
was	VBD
I	PRP
time	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
believed	VBD
that	IN
what	WP
was	VBD
actually	RB
underweight	JJ
was	VBD
grossly	RB
fat	JJ
.	.
There	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
believed	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
single	JJ
piece	NN
of	IN
bread	NN
had	VBD
the	DT
power	NN
to	TO
instantly	RB
add	VB
pounds	NNS
to	TO
my	PRP$
frame	NN
.	.
There	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
believed	VBD
that	IN
my	PRP$
body	NN
was	VBD
different	JJ
from	IN
everyone	NN
else	RB
's	POS
,	,
that	IN
it	PRP
could	MD
survive	VB
on	IN
very	RB
little	JJ
calories	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
There	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
believed	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
``	``
normal	JJ
''	''
diet	NN
consisted	VBN
of	IN
an	DT
apple	NN
for	IN
breakfast	NN
,	,
a	DT
diet	NN
coke	NN
for	IN
lunch	NN
,	,
and	CC
baby	NN
carrots	NNS
for	IN
dinner	NN
.	.
There	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
believed	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
only	JJ
thing	NN
that	WDT
could	MD
make	VB
me	PRP
happy	JJ
was	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
,	,
and	CC
thinner	JJR
,	,
and	CC
thinner	JJR
...	:
There	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
believed	VBD
that	IN
dieting	NN
,	,
being	VBG
in	IN
control	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
and	CC
what	WP
I	PRP
ate	VBD
,	,
was	VBD
the	DT
only	JJ
thing	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
control	NN
of	IN
;	:
it	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
only	JJ
escape	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
only	JJ
thing	NN
that	WDT
could	MD
make	VB
me	PRP
feel	VB
better	JJR
about	IN
myself	PRP
.	.
There	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
believed	VBD
that	IN
nothing	NN
else	JJ
mattered	VBN
,	,
that	IN
my	PRP$
top	NN
and	CC
only	RB
priority	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
expense	NN
of	IN
all	DT
else	RB
.	.
There	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
believed	VBD
that	IN
feelings	NNS
of	IN
hunger	NN
and	CC
emptiness	NN
were	VBD
pleasing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
feelings	NNS
of	IN
being	VBG
satisfied	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
maybe	RB
even	RB
a	DT
little	JJ
full	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
were	VBD
disgusting	JJ
and	CC
often	RB
a	DT
fate	NN
worse	JJR
than	IN
death	NN
.	.
There	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
believed	VBD
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
worthless	JJ
being	NN
,	,
possessing	VBG
not	RB
a	DT
single	JJ
likeable	JJ
or	CC
good	JJ
quality	NN
.	.
There	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
believed	VBD
there	EX
was	VBD
no	DT
hope	NN
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
believed	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
whole	JJ
world	NN
was	VBD
against	IN
me	PRP
.	.
After	IN
reading	VBG
this	DT
,	,
one	NN
might	MD
think	VB
,	,
``	``
what	WP
a	DT
messed	VBN
up	RP
person	NN
!	.
''	''
There	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
,	,
but	CC
now	RB
through	IN
a	DT
rational	JJ
process	NN
of	IN
coming	VBG
to	TO
believe	VB
reality	NN
,	,
and	CC
by	IN
the	DT
grace	NN
of	IN
God	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
confidently	RB
say	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
overcome	VBN
a	DT
struggle	NN
that	WDT
once	RB
consumed	VBN
and	CC
controlled	VBN
me	PRP
for	IN
too	RB
long	RB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
new	JJ
and	CC
much	JJ
stronger	JJR
person	NN
because	IN
of	IN
it	PRP
.	.
The	DT
rational	JJ
process	NN
I	PRP
used	VBD
to	TO
overcome	VB
the	DT
mind	NN
games	NNS
of	IN
anorexia	NN
has	VBZ
deepened	VBN
my	PRP$
thinking	NN
skills	NNS
and	CC
instilled	VBN
in	IN
me	PRP
a	DT
strong	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
irrational	JJ
versus	CC
rational	JJ
ideas	NNS
which	WDT
is	VBZ
now	RB
helping	VBG
me	PRP
in	IN
other	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
now	RB
appreciate	VBP
life	NN
and	CC
each	DT
day	NN
it	PRP
brings	VBZ
more	JJR
than	IN
ever	RB
before	RB
,	,
and	CC
God	NNP
has	VBZ
blessed	VBN
me	PRP
with	IN
a	DT
heart	NN
of	IN
compassion	NN
for	IN
those	DT
around	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
spent	VBD
long	RB
enough	RB
thinking	VBG
about	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
so	RB
freeing	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
love	VB
others	NNS
.	.
So	RB
many	JJ
factors	NNS
contributed	VBD
to	TO
my	PRP$
anorexia	NN
that	WDT
could	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
prevented	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
hard	JJ
to	TO
know	VB
where	WRB
to	TO
begin	VB
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
so	RB
many	JJ
``	``
if	IN
's	POS
''	''
that	IN
come	VBN
to	TO
mind	VB
.	.
And	CC
yet	RB
some	DT
of	IN
these	DT
``	``
if	IN
's	POS
''	''
are	VBP
being	VBG
answered	VBN
now	RB
in	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
learning	VBG
the	DT
skills	NNS
at	IN
25	CD
that	IN
I	PRP
needed	VBD
throughout	IN
my	PRP$
childhood	NN
and	CC
adolescent	JJ
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
missed	VBD
out	RP
on	IN
the	DT
important	JJ
lesson	NN
of	IN
finding	VBG
one	CD
's	POS
own	JJ
self	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
being	NN
has	VBZ
worth	JJ
,	,
a	DT
voice	NN
,	,
likes	VBZ
and	CC
dislikes	NN
,	,
opionions	NNS
,	,
dreams	VBZ
,	,
needs	VBZ
and	CC
desires	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
wonder	VBP
if	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
learned	VBN
that	IN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
little	JJ
girl	NN
if	IN
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
developed	VBN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
as	IN
a	DT
college	NN
student	NN
.	.
If	IN
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
loved	VBD
themselves	PRP
,	,
each	DT
other	JJ
and	CC
had	VBD
other	JJ
healthy	JJ
relationships	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
sure	JJ
I	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
have	VB
developed	VBN
anorexia	NN
.	.
If	IN
parents	NNS
teach	VBP
their	PRP$
children	NNS
to	TO
listen	VB
to	TO
their	PRP$
growing	VBG
selves	NNS
,	,
to	TO
develop	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
identity	NN
and	CC
love	NN
that	WDT
person	NN
,	,
to	TO
express	VB
emotions	NNS
instead	RB
of	IN
being	VBG
ashamed	JJ
of	IN
them	PRP
,	,
to	TO
voice	VB
their	PRP$
needs	NNS
and	CC
wants	VBZ
,	,
how	WRB
to	TO
say	VB
no	DT
and	CC
set	VBN
boundaries	NNS
,	,
then	RB
would	MD
we	PRP
have	VBP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
?	.
If	IN
children	NNS
learned	VBD
that	IN
loving	VBG
one	CD
's	POS
own	JJ
self	NN
and	CC
meeting	NN
one	NN
's	POS
needs	NNS
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
sign	NN
of	IN
selfishness	NN
but	CC
rather	RB
self	NN
caring	NN
and	CC
nurturing	NN
,	,
then	RB
would	MD
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
be	VB
so	RB
rampant	JJ
?	.
If	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
learned	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
as	RB
sensitive	JJ
to	TO
my	PRP$
own	JJ
needs	NNS
as	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
to	TO
others	NNS
,	,
if	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
learned	VBN
to	TO
take	VB
pride	NN
in	IN
meeting	NN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
growing	VBG
needs	NNS
as	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
meeting	NN
others	NNS
,	,
would	MD
I	PRP
have	VBP
developed	VBN
a	DT
nearly	RB
deadly	JJ
case	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
?	.
If	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
in	IN
touch	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
hunger	NN
for	IN
food	NN
,	,
rich	JJ
relationships	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
own	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
style	NN
,	,
laughter	NN
,	,
tears	NNS
,	,
and	CC
music	NN
,	,
would	MD
I	PRP
have	VBP
passed	VBN
out	RP
from	IN
malnutrition	NN
and	CC
dying	VBG
from	IN
lonliness	NN
and	CC
depression	NN
?	.
If	IN
our	PRP$
culture	NN
had	VBD
a	DT
legacy	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
to	TO
pass	VB
down	RP
to	TO
their	PRP$
girls	NNS
,	,
a	DT
rite	NN
of	IN
passage	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
getting	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
weight	NN
loss	NN
roller	NN
coaster	NN
and	CC
body	NN
shame	NN
,	,
would	MD
we	PRP
have	VBP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
?	.
If	IN
women	NNS
could	MD
connect	VB
with	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
on	IN
another	DT
common	JJ
ground	NN
than	IN
their	PRP$
wieghtloss	NN
and	CC
diets	NNS
,	,
would	MD
we	PRP
have	VBP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
?	.
Our	PRP$
culture	NN
's	POS
rituals	NNS
include	VBP
the	DT
scale	NN
,	,
weight	NN
charts	NNS
,	,
weight	NN
loss	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
dieting	NN
books	NNS
and	CC
clothes	NNS
sizes	NNS
,	,
diet	NN
pills	NNS
and	CC
special	JJ
low-calorie	JJ
foods	NNS
.	.
What	WP
happen	VB
to	TO
connecting	VBG
through	IN
stories	NNS
,	,
music	NN
,	,
mentoring	NN
,	,
tears	NNS
and	CC
laughter	NN
,	,
the	DT
arts	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
family	NN
line	NN
rich	JJ
with	IN
traditions	NNS
that	WDT
connect	VBP
families	NNS
through	IN
generations	NNS
?	.
What	WP
if	IN
teachers	NNS
and	CC
professors	NNS
were	VBD
trained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
and	CC
what	WP
to	TO
say\/do	VB
when	WRB
they	PRP
see	VBP
them	PRP
?	.
What	WP
if	IN
teachers	NNS
and	CC
professors	NNS
cared	VBD
about	IN
their	PRP$
students	NNS
as	RB
much	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
did	VBD
about	IN
loading	VBG
them	PRP
down	RP
with	IN
papers	NNS
to	TO
write	VB
and	CC
books	NNS
to	TO
read	VB
?	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
it	PRP
all	DT
started	VBD
when	WRB
I	PRP
met	VBD
Sara	NNP
.	.
Its	PRP$
not	RB
that	IN
any	DT
of	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
her	PRP$
fault	NN
or	CC
anything	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
remember	VB
being	VBG
like	IN
this	DT
before	IN
I	PRP
met	VBD
her	PRP
.	.
And	CC
everything	NN
since	IN
that	DT
involves	VBZ
my	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
basically	RB
my	PRP$
entire	JJ
life	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
I	PRP
associate	VBP
with	IN
her	PRP$
in	IN
some	DT
way	NN
.	.
I	PRP
tried	VBD
them	PRP
too	RB
,	,
just	RB
because	IN
mom	NN
was	VBD
and	CC
because	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
seen	VBN
it	PRP
on	IN
an	DT
episode	NN
of	IN
Full	NNP
House	NNP
or	CC
something	NN
like	IN
that	DT
.	.
Then	RB
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
met	VBD
Sara	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
dancer	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
never	RB
met	VBN
anyone	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
let	VB
alone	RB
an	DT
11	CD
year	NN
old	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
who	WP
worried	VBD
about	IN
their	PRP$
weight	NN
so	RB
much	RB
.	.
How	WRB
could	MD
I	PRP
have	VBP
not	RB
felt	VBN
like	IN
a	DT
freak	NN
?	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
know	VB
a	DT
thing	NN
about	IN
bras	NNS
or	CC
deodorant	NN
or	CC
shaving	NN
or	CC
anything	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
being	VBG
bombarded	VBN
by	IN
hormones	NNS
and	CC
was	VBD
completely	RB
unprepared	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
became	VBD
unpopular	JJ
,	,
labeled	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
``	``
geek	NN
''	''
because	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
control	VB
my	PRP$
appearance	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
clothes	NNS
were	VBD
wrong	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
smelled	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
fat	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
hairy	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
horrible	JJ
at	IN
sports	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
``	``
jiggled	VBD
''	''
on	IN
top	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
all	DT
.	.
By	IN
the	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
entered	VBD
eighth	JJ
grade	NN
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
at	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
low	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
never	RB
had	VBD
a	DT
date	NN
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
seemed	VBD
as	IN
if	IN
everyone	NN
else	RB
's	POS
life	NN
was	VBD
going	VBG
somewhere	RB
I	PRP
could	MD
never	RB
ever	RB
reach	VB
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
large	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
got	VBD
my	PRP$
first	JJ
period	NN
that	DT
year	NN
.	.
I	PRP
wish	VBP
my	PRP$
mother	NN
had	VBD
had	VBN
an	DT
abortion	NN
,	,
then	RB
my	PRP$
father	NN
could	MD
be	VB
happy	JJ
and	CC
he	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
his	PRP$
perfect	JJ
life	NN
.	.
Maybe	RB
I	PRP
should	MD
starve	VB
myself	PRP
,	,
then	RB
maybe	RB
someone	NN
would	MD
care	VB
about	IN
me	PRP
for	IN
a	DT
change	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
soooo	JJ
fat	JJ
no	DT
wonder	NN
nobody	NN
likes	VBZ
me	PRP
and	CC
nobody	NN
will	MD
ever	RB
love	VB
me	PRP
because	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
fat	JJ
bitch	NN
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
everything	NN
to	TO
go	VB
away	RB
,	,
why	WRB
am	VBP
I	PRP
still	RB
living	VBG
?	.
Maybe	RB
I	PRP
should	MD
kill	VB
myself	PRP
.	.
But	CC
the	DT
choice	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
without	IN
its	PRP$
emotional	JJ
tolls	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
exercise	VB
heavily	RB
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
distract	VB
myself	PRP
from	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
seemed	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
caving	VBG
in	IN
around	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
told	VBD
myself	PRP
it	PRP
was	VBD
because	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
put	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
pounds	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
guess	VBP
I	PRP
came	VBD
to	TO
believe	VB
that	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
real	JJ
reason	NN
,	,
too	RB
.	.
I	PRP
convinced	JJ
myself	PRP
I	PRP
was	VBD
fat	JJ
again	RB
.	.
And	CC
that	DT
terrified	VBD
me	PRP
more	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
thought	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
just	RB
lost	VBN
a	DT
best	JJS
friend	NN
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
like	IN
a	DT
failure	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
keep	VB
the	DT
weight	NN
off	RP
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
months	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
year	NN
I	PRP
lost	VBD
many	JJ
of	IN
my	PRP$
senior	JJ
friends	NNS
to	TO
graduation	NN
and	CC
college	NN
.	.
I	PRP
became	VBD
depressed	JJ
again	RB
,	,
given	VBN
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
fallen	VBN
deeply	RB
in	IN
love	NN
with	IN
one	CD
of	IN
these	DT
friends	NNS
.	.
Over	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
,	,
he	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
date	VB
another	DT
friend	NN
of	IN
mine	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
skinny	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
that	IN
he	PRP
wanted	VBD
her	PRP$
rather	RB
than	IN
me	PRP
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
fat	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
WAS	VBP
fat	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
failure	NN
,	,
too	RB
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
regained	VBN
the	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
weight	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
lost	VBN
plus	CC
several	JJ
more	RBR
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
had	VBD
also	RB
gained	VBN
2	CD
inches	NNS
of	IN
height	NN
,	,
but	CC
try	VBP
telling	VBG
me	PRP
that	IN
then	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
fell	VBD
in	IN
to	TO
a	DT
deep	JJ
,	,
isolated	JJ
depression	NN
.	.
That	DT
summer	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
made	VBD
myself	PRP
throw	VB
up	RP
.	.
I	PRP
stopped	VBD
eating	VBG
,	,
and	CC
when	WRB
I	PRP
did	VBD
eat	VB
,	,
I	PRP
made	VBD
myself	PRP
vomit	VB
to	TO
get	VB
rid	JJ
of	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
why	WRB
.	.
My	PRP$
life	NN
revolved	VBD
around	IN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
eat	VB
,	,
what	WP
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
eat	VB
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
rid	JJ
of	IN
it	PRP
.	.
When	WRB
junior	JJ
year	NN
started	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
lost	VBN
too	RB
much	JJ
weight	NN
in	IN
a	DT
week	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
living	VBG
so	RB
few	JJ
calories	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
The	DT
stress	NN
of	IN
junior	JJ
year	NN
was	VBD
unimaginable	JJ
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
used	VBD
food	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
lack	VBP
thereof	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
as	IN
an	DT
escape	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
something	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
control	VB
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
control	VB
that	IN
one	CD
little	JJ
thing	NN
,	,
then	RB
I	PRP
could	MD
also	RB
control	VB
my	PRP$
schoolwork	NN
and	CC
grades	NNS
.	.
Sara	NNP
got	VBD
a	DT
boyfriend	NN
that	IN
year	NN
.	.
I	PRP
hated	VBD
him	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
still	RB
do	VBP
.	.
He	PRP
abused	VBD
her	PRP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
hated	VBD
him	PRP
for	IN
it	PRP
,	,
and	CC
her	PRP$
for	IN
allowing	VBG
it	PRP
.	.
He	PRP
told	VBD
her	PRP
constantly	RB
that	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
fat	JJ
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
believed	VBD
him	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
hated	VBD
him	PRP
for	IN
that	DT
,	,
too	RB
,	,
for	IN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
Sara	NNP
was	VBD
a	DT
tiny	JJ
5	CD
'	''
4	CD
''	''
and	CC
barely	RB
120	CD
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
control	VB
her	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
him	PRP
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
listen	VB
when	WRB
I	PRP
told	VBD
her	PRP
what	WP
a	DT
jackass	NN
he	PRP
was	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
frustrated	JJ
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
began	VBD
abusing	VBG
diet	NN
pills	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
took	VBD
three	CD
or	CC
four	CD
a	DT
day	NN
to	TO
control	VB
my	PRP$
appetite	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
make	VB
myself	PRP
feel	VB
``	``
in	IN
control	NN
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
left	VBD
the	DT
evidence	NN
in	IN
plain	JJ
view	NN
of	IN
Sara	NNP
near	IN
our	PRP$
neighboring	VBG
lockers	NNS
,	,
hoping	VBG
that	IN
she	PRP
would	MD
reach	VB
out	RP
and	CC
help	VB
me	PRP
.	.
But	CC
she	PRP
never	RB
noticed	VBD
.	.
She	PRP
never	RB
really	RB
noticed	VBD
me	PRP
at	IN
all	DT
that	DT
year	NN
.	.
Nobody	NN
did	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
suppose	VBP
I	PRP
should	MD
mention	VB
Mark	NNP
in	IN
here	RB
somewhere	RB
.	.
Mark	NNP
used	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
my	PRP$
friend	NN
.	.
But	CC
the	DT
day	NN
before	IN
he	PRP
left	VBD
for	IN
Israel	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
semester	NN
,	,
he	PRP
hit	VBD
on	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
hated	VBD
it	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
feel	VB
lower	JJR
than	IN
dirt	NN
.	.
And	CC
then	RB
he	PRP
left	VBD
for	IN
months	NNS
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
closure	NN
.	.
For	IN
months	NNS
I	PRP
beat	VBP
myself	PRP
up	RP
over	IN
it	PRP
,	,
saying	VBG
things	NNS
like	IN
``	``
he	PRP
caught	VBD
me	PRP
off	RP
guard	NN
''	''
and	CC
``	``
I	PRP
will	MD
never	RB
let	VB
someone	NN
patronize	VB
me	PRP
like	IN
that	DT
again	RB
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
convinced	JJ
myself	PRP
it	PRP
was	VBD
my	PRP$
fault	NN
for	IN
being	VBG
a	DT
slut	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
,	,
why	WRB
else	RB
would	MD
anyone	NN
ever	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
date	VB
me	PRP
?	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
fat	JJ
,	,
afterall	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
self	NN
esteem	NN
just	RB
kept	VBD
getting	VBG
lower	JJR
and	CC
lower	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
gotten	VBN
braces	NNS
and	CC
felt	VBD
like	IN
an	DT
awful	JJ
human	JJ
being	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
weight	NN
skyrocketed	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
sick	JJ
to	TO
my	PRP$
stomach	NN
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
like	IN
dying	VBG
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
like	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
thirteen	CD
all	DT
over	IN
again	RB
.	.
After	IN
junior	JJ
year	NN
,	,
things	NNS
began	VBD
to	TO
perk	JJ
up	IN
ever	RB
so	RB
slightly	RB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
fattest	JJS
I	PRP
have	VBP
ever	RB
been	VBN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
felt	VBD
good	JJ
because	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
stress	NN
was	VBD
gone	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
an	DT
internship	NN
that	WDT
summer	NN
,	,
too	RB
.	.
That	DT
's	VBZ
where	WRB
I	PRP
met	VBD
Carl	NNP
.	.
Carl	NNP
was	VBD
my	PRP$
first	JJ
boyfriend	NN
.	.
I	PRP
hated	VBD
him	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
why	WRB
I	PRP
agreed	VBD
to	TO
go	VB
out	RP
with	IN
him	PRP
.	.
Honestly	RB
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
think	VB
I	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
done	VBN
any	DT
better	JJR
.	.
He	PRP
was	VBD
fat	JJ
,	,
too	RB
.	.
It	PRP
said	VBD
285	CD
on	IN
his	PRP$
license	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
knew	VBD
that	DT
was	VBD
a	DT
lie	NN
.	.
He	PRP
used	VBD
to	TO
try	VB
and	CC
get	VB
on	IN
top	NN
of	IN
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
breath	NN
.	.
But	CC
he	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
best	JJS
I	PRP
could	MD
do	VB
,	,
the	DT
best	JJS
I	PRP
can	MD
ever	RB
do	VB
.	.
No	DT
one	NN
but	CC
a	DT
fatso	NN
can	MD
love	VB
another	DT
fatso	NN
.	.
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
throw	VB
up	RP
again	RB
that	IN
summer	NN
,	,
trying	VBG
to	TO
escape	VB
Carl	NNP
,	,
work	NN
,	,
everything	NN
.	.
Suddenly	RB
I	PRP
got	VBD
very	RB
very	RB
sick	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
said	VBD
it	PRP
was	VBD
something	NN
called	VBN
``	``
Gastro	NNP
Interitis	NNP
''	''
but	CC
I	PRP
knew	VBD
it	PRP
had	VBD
something	NN
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
my	PRP$
Bulimia	NN
.	.
``	``
Anorexic	JJ
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
had	VBD
104	CD
fever	NN
,	,
had	VBD
not	RB
had	VBN
my	PRP$
period	NN
in	IN
almost	RB
a	DT
year	NN
and	CC
had	VBD
intense	JJ
stomach	NN
pains	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
throwing	VBG
up	RP
at	IN
least	JJS
twice	RB
a	DT
day	NN
for	IN
over	IN
a	DT
month	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
hospitalized	VBN
and	CC
I	PRP
resolved	VBD
never	RB
to	TO
throw	VB
up	RP
again	RB
.	.
It	PRP
hurt	VBD
like	IN
hell	NN
.	.
I	PRP
promised	VBD
God	NNP
one	CD
night	NN
that	IN
if	IN
he	PRP
just	RB
made	VBD
the	DT
pain	NN
go	VB
away	RB
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
never	RB
make	VB
myself	PRP
throw	VB
up	RP
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
that	IN
desperate	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
a	DT
bitch	NN
for	IN
doing	VBG
that	DT
.	.
I	PRP
hated	VBD
myself	PRP
for	IN
it	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
still	RB
do	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
told	VBD
him	PRP
it	PRP
was	VBD
because	IN
of	IN
school	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
lied	VBD
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
because	IN
he	PRP
disgusted	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
He	PRP
was	VBD
fat	JJ
,	,
and	CC
even	RB
the	DT
thought	NN
of	IN
touching	VBG
him	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
want	VB
to	TO
wretch	VB
.	.
That	DT
must	MD
be	VB
what	WP
people	NNS
think	VBP
of	IN
me	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
told	VBD
myself	PRP
.	.
Just	RB
the	DT
thought	NN
of	IN
him	PRP
still	RB
makes	VBZ
me	PRP
shudder	NN
.	.
How	WRB
can	MD
anyone	NN
physically	RB
love	VBP
a	DT
fat	JJ
person	NN
?	.
How	WRB
could	MD
anyone	NN
physically	RB
love	VBP
me	PRP
?	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
fat	JJ
,	,
just	RB
like	IN
Carl	NNP
.	.
But	CC
was	VBD
shot	VBN
down	RB
as	RB
quickly	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
picked	VBN
myself	PRP
up	RP
from	IN
Carl	NNP
.	.
Rick	NNP
only	RB
dated	VBD
blond	JJ
,	,
thin	JJ
girls	NNS
who	WP
wear	VBP
size	NN
zero	CD
bellbottoms	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
fat	JJ
brunette	NN
.	.
Once	RB
again	RB
I	PRP
was	VBD
depressed	VBN
.	.
Sara	NNP
was	VBD
n't	RB
helping	VBG
.	.
She	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
doing	VBG
plays	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
boys	NNS
'	POS
school	NN
,	,
and	CC
had	VBD
had	VBN
all	PDT
the	DT
guys	NNS
fall	VBP
for	IN
her	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
turmoil	NN
over	IN
``	``
who	WP
to	TO
pick	VB
''	''
and	CC
I	PRP
hated	VBD
her	PRP$
for	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
jealous	JJ
,	,
that	DT
's	VBZ
the	DT
bottom	JJ
line	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
never	RB
had	VBN
anyone	NN
fight	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
hated	VBD
that	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
complaining	VBG
about	IN
it	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
kept	VBD
saying	VBG
how	WRB
alone	RB
she	PRP
was	VBD
and	CC
how	WRB
lonely	JJ
she	PRP
was	VBD
without	IN
a	DT
boyfriend	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
she	PRP
had	VBD
broken	VBN
up	RP
with	IN
the	DT
evil	JJ
one	CD
a	DT
few	JJ
months	NNS
before	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
scream	VB
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
one	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
the	DT
one	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
alone	RB
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
.	.
Why	WRB
could	MD
n't	RB
she	PRP
just	RB
open	VB
her	PRP$
eyes	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
second	JJ
and	CC
see	VB
that	IN
?	.
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
her	PRP
to	TO
know	VB
what	WP
I	PRP
had	VBD
gone	VBN
through	RB
,	,
what	WP
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
through	IN
under	IN
her	PRP$
very	JJ
nose	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
still	RB
one	CD
of	IN
my	PRP$
best	JJS
friends	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
would	MD
never	RB
ever	RB
do	VB
anything	NN
to	TO
alienate	VB
her	PRP$
or	CC
cause	VB
her	PRP$
distress	NN
so	IN
I	PRP
stuffed	VBD
every	DT
feeling	NN
down	IN
until	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
little	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
dull	JJ
discomfort	NN
.	.
The	DT
day	NN
before	IN
one	CD
of	IN
Sara	NNP
's	POS
parties	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
tried	VBD
to	TO
kill	VB
myself	PRP
by	IN
slashing	VBG
my	PRP$
arm	NN
repeatadly	RB
with	IN
a	DT
knife	NN
and	CC
a	DT
razor	NN
.	.
It	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
work	NN
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
still	RB
went	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
party	NN
the	DT
next	JJ
night	NN
.	.
Nobody	NN
noticed	VBD
the	DT
slashes	NNS
on	IN
my	PRP$
arm	NN
.	.
Not	RB
even	RB
my	PRP$
own	JJ
parents	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
complained	VBD
of	IN
pain	NN
and	CC
kept	VBD
rubbing	VBG
the	DT
scars	NNS
,	,
but	CC
no	DT
one	NN
noticed	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
like	IN
crap	NN
,	,
I	PRP
felt	VBD
invisible	JJ
.	.
But	CC
they	PRP
kept	VBD
calling	VBG
me	PRP
``	``
the	DT
funny	JJ
one	CD
''	''
and	CC
the	DT
``	``
nice	JJ
one	NN
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
guess	VBP
I	PRP
really	RB
was	VBD
cut	VBN
out	RP
to	TO
be	VB
an	DT
actress	NN
,	,
I	PRP
fooled	VBD
them	PRP
all	DT
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
am	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
an	DT
expert	NN
at	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
resorted	VBD
to	TO
diet	NN
pills	NNS
after	IN
the	DT
``	``
competition	NN
''	''
started	VBD
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
this	DT
silly	JJ
thing	NN
between	IN
me	PRP
,	,
Sara	NNP
and	CC
our	PRP$
friend	NN
Kate	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
began	VBD
when	WRB
Sara	NNP
started	VBD
saying	VBG
things	NNS
like	IN
,	,
``	``
Chris	NNP
thinks	VBZ
Claire	NNP
Danes	NNPS
is	VBZ
pretty	RB
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
as	IN
pretty	RB
as	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
''	''
i.e.	FW
as	IN
thin	JJ
as	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
.	.
So	IN
she	PRP
started	VBD
dieting	NN
to	TO
compete	VB
with	IN
girls	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
plays	NNS
with	IN
her	PRP$
that	IN
she	PRP
thought	VBD
were	VBD
``	``
perfect	JJ
.	.
''	''
Even	RB
though	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
as	IN
thin	JJ
as	IN
any	DT
of	IN
them	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
began	VBD
wanting	VBG
to	TO
``	``
be	VB
beautiful	JJ
for	IN
Chris	NNP
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
despised	VBD
her	PRP$
for	IN
that	DT
,	,
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
understand	VB
why	WRB
she	PRP
would	MD
ever	RB
want	VB
to	TO
go	VB
through	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
went	VBD
through	IN
every	DT
day	NN
for	IN
a	DT
guy	NN
who	WP
loves	VBZ
her	PRP$
just	RB
the	DT
way	NN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
.	.
She	PRP
had	VBD
someone	NN
who	WP
loved	VBD
her	PRP
,	,
she	PRP
had	VBD
won	VBN
,	,
she	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
need	VB
to	TO
suffer	VB
like	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
one	NN
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
deserve	VB
anyone	NN
.	.
So	RB
Kate	NNP
started	VBD
dieting	NN
too	RB
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
follow	VB
suit	NN
,	,
otherwise	RB
I	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
``	``
the	DT
fat	JJ
one	CD
''	''
forever	RB
.	.
Sara	NNP
kept	VBD
saying	VBG
how	WRB
she	PRP
needs	VBZ
to	TO
``	``
severly	RB
diet	NN
''	''
.	.
She	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
anorexic	JJ
,	,
she	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
body	NN
image	NN
problem	NN
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
have	VB
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
so	RB
much	JJ
for	IN
her	PRP$
to	TO
just	RB
stop	VB
whining	VBG
and	CC
see	VB
what	WP
I	PRP
was	VBD
doing	VBG
to	TO
myself	PRP
,	,
see	VB
what	WP
she	PRP
had	VBD
pushed	VBN
me	PRP
to	TO
do	VB
.	.
She	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
know	VB
what	WP
fat	NN
was	VBD
,	,
she	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
know	VB
that	DT
everytime	NN
she	PRP
put	VBD
herself	PRP
down	RB
,	,
it	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
feel	VB
like	IN
an	DT
obese	NN
,	,
ugly	JJ
monster	NN
.	.
Soon	RB
the	DT
subject	NN
of	IN
the	DT
prom	NN
came	VBD
up	RP
,	,
and	CC
Sara	NNP
made	VBD
the	DT
comment	NN
that	IN
her	PRP$
size	NN
8	CD
dress	NN
was	VBD
``	``
huge	JJ
''	''
.	.
That	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
breaking	JJ
point	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
If	IN
her	PRP$
size	NN
eight	CD
was	VBD
huge	JJ
then	RB
I	PRP
must	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
beyond	IN
obese	NN
in	IN
a	DT
size	NN
12	CD
.	.
I	PRP
lost	VBD
any	DT
facets	NNS
of	IN
control	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
once	RB
retained	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
starve	VB
myself	PRP
again	RB
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
purge	VB
when	WRB
I	PRP
did	VBD
eat	VB
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
moment	NN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
writing	VBG
this	DT
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
a	DT
mess	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
eaten	VBN
very	RB
little	JJ
today	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
depressed	VBN
for	IN
days	NNS
and	CC
no	DT
one	NN
has	VBZ
noticed	VBN
.	.
Every	DT
time	NN
Sara	NNP
,	,
whom	WP
I	PRP
realize	VBP
I	PRP
associate	JJ
with	IN
my	PRP$
vision	NN
of	IN
a	DT
``	``
perfect	JJ
''	''
body	NN
,	,
puts	VBZ
herself	PRP
down	RP
,	,
I	PRP
dive	NN
deeper	RBR
into	IN
my	PRP$
disorder	NN
,	,
losing	VBG
touch	NN
with	IN
any	DT
remnants	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
happy	JJ
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
dating	VBG
Jason	NNP
,	,
and	CC
am	VBP
very	RB
happy	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
him	PRP
,	,
although	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
know	VB
what	WP
,	,
if	IN
anything	NN
,	,
he	PRP
sees	VBZ
in	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
sad	JJ
and	CC
tired	JJ
and	CC
sick	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
for	IN
four	CD
years	NNS
,	,
and	CC
nobody	NN
seems	VBZ
to	TO
notice	VB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
told	VBN
people	NNS
about	IN
my	PRP$
Bulimia	NN
and	CC
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
but	CC
no	DT
one	NN
has	VBZ
made	VBN
a	DT
move	NN
to	TO
do	VB
anything	NN
to	TO
help	VB
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
guess	VBP
they	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
really	RB
believe	VB
me	PRP
because	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
still	RB
overweight	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
,	,
that	DT
's	VBZ
all	DT
.	.
Is	VBZ
that	IN
really	RB
too	RB
much	JJ
to	TO
ask	VB
?	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
normal	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
someone	NN
to	TO
realize	VB
what	WP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
doing	VBG
is	VBZ
dangerous	JJ
,	,
not	RB
just	RB
a	DT
phase	NN
.	.
``	``
dieting	NN
,	,
''	''
I	PRP
'm	VBP
dying	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
there	RB
for	IN
you	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
the	DT
strong	JJ
one	CD
for	IN
as	RB
long	JJ
as	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
remember	VB
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
do	VB
that	DT
for	IN
myself	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
need	VBP
your	PRP$
help	NN
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
cry	VBP
over	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
bottle	NN
of	IN
water	NN
for	IN
lunch	NN
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
live	VBP
off	IN
of	IN
toast	NN
and	CC
coffee	NN
for	IN
days	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
time	NN
,	,
please	VB
realize	VB
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
something	NN
terribly	RB
wrong	JJ
with	IN
that	DT
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
something	NN
wrong	JJ
with	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
sick	JJ
.	.
Please	VB
realize	VB
that	IN
the	DT
world	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
revolve	VB
around	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Do	VBP
not	RB
praise	VB
me	PRP
for	IN
losing	VBG
weight	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
not	RB
ask	VB
me	PRP
``	``
how	WRB
I	PRP
do	VBP
it	PRP
''	''
when	WRB
I	PRP
tell	VBP
you	PRP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
Bulimic	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
tell	VB
you	PRP
,	,
because	IN
that	DT
's	VBZ
how	WRB
I	PRP
learned	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
wish	VB
this	DT
curse	NN
on	IN
my	PRP$
worst	JJS
enemies	NNS
,	,
let	VB
alone	JJ
my	PRP$
friends	NNS
.	.
Maybe	RB
,	,
just	RB
maybe	RB
,	,
realize	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
lucky	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
who	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
Please	VB
stop	VB
playing	VBG
``	``
who	WP
's	VBZ
life	NN
is	VBZ
worst	JJS
?	.
''	''
for	IN
a	DT
minute	NN
and	CC
see	VB
that	DT
when	WRB
I	PRP
tell	VBP
you	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
think	VBP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
fat	JJ
,	,
or	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
depressed	JJ
,	,
or	CC
even	RB
if	IN
I	PRP
just	RB
say	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
hungry	JJ
or	CC
dizzy	JJ
,	,
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
compete	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
crying	VBG
for	IN
help	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
whole	JJ
life	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
made	VBN
fun	NN
of	IN
because	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
FAT	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
always	RB
been	VBN
fat	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
fat	JJ
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
always	RB
will	MD
be	VB
fat	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
teased	VBN
every	DT
day	NN
by	IN
nasty	JJ
little	JJ
kids	NNS
...	:
I	PRP
would	MD
come	VB
home	NN
from	IN
school	NN
,	,
crying	VBG
-LRB-	-LRB-
yes	UH
,	,
crying	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
because	IN
of	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Pretty	NNP
soon	RB
,	,
I	PRP
learned	VBD
how	WRB
to	TO
ignore	VB
their	PRP$
bashing	VBG
comments	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
knew	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
fat	JJ
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
decided	VBD
to	TO
hold	VB
my	PRP$
emotions	NNS
in	IN
and	CC
not	RB
let	VB
them	PRP
bother	VB
me	PRP
.	.
Years	NNS
past	IN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
constantly	RB
picked	VBN
on	IN
and	CC
made	VBD
fun	NN
of	IN
.	.
And	CC
that	DT
was	VBD
just	RB
what	WP
I	PRP
did	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
lost	VBD
more	JJR
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
becoming	VBG
thinner	JJR
everyday	JJ
,	,
thats	VBZ
what	WP
people	NNS
said	VBD
at	IN
least	JJS
,	,
but	CC
of	IN
course	NN
I	PRP
brushed	VBD
it	PRP
off	RP
and	CC
thought	VBD
it	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
true	JJ
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
would	MD
complain	VB
about	IN
being	VBG
fat	JJ
,	,
people	NNS
would	MD
reassure	VB
me	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
thin	JJ
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
would	MD
never	RB
believe	VB
them	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
allowed	VBD
myself	PRP
to	TO
believe	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
fat	JJ
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
tell	VB
you	PRP
the	DT
truth	NN
I	PRP
still	RB
have	VBP
the	DT
mind	NN
pounding	VBG
idea	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
head	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
,	,
despite	IN
what	WP
any	DT
friend	NN
or	CC
teacher	NN
or	CC
anyone	NN
says	VBZ
.	.
Pretty	NNP
much	RB
,	,
this	DT
whole	JJ
weight	NN
thing	NN
was	VBD
all	DT
that	DT
mattered	VBN
to	TO
me	PRP
anymore	RB
.	.
And	CC
it	PRP
showed	VBD
.	.
My	PRP$
grades	NNS
dropped	VBD
because	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
care	VB
about	IN
school	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
insignificant	JJ
compared	VBN
to	TO
getting	VBG
skinny	NN
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
care	VB
about	IN
basketball	NN
,	,
either	RB
,	,
which	WDT
I	PRP
used	VBD
to	TO
enjoy	VB
playing	VBG
with	IN
a	DT
passion	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
of	IN
fact	NN
,	,
I	PRP
pretty	RB
much	RB
did	VBD
n't	RB
care	VB
about	IN
anything	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
obsessed	VBN
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
taking	VBG
over	RP
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Pretty	NNP
soon	RB
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
withdraw	VB
from	IN
social	JJ
life	NN
beliving	VBG
I	PRP
was	VBD
too	RB
ugly	JJ
and	CC
fat	JJ
to	TO
hang	VB
out	RP
with	IN
people	NNS
and	CC
that	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
lieing	VBG
when	WRB
they	PRP
invited	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
go	VB
out	RP
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
were	VBD
``	``
obligated	VBN
''	''
to	TO
ask	VB
me	PRP
to	TO
get	VB
together	RB
.	.
Sometimes	RB
I	PRP
would	MD
even	RB
think	VB
up	RP
excuses	NNS
not	RB
to	TO
something	NN
with	IN
someone	NN
so	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
avoid	VB
the	DT
food	NN
and	CC
eating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
say	VB
I	PRP
was	VBD
too	RB
tired	JJ
,	,
or	CC
I	PRP
felt	VBD
sick	JJ
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
I	PRP
cou	VBP
ld	JJ
never	RB
eat	VBP
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
could	MD
alone	RB
.	.
Ocassionally	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
attempt	VB
to	TO
purposely	RB
vomit	VB
my	PRP$
food	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
``	``
overate	FW
''	''
in	IN
my	PRP$
oppinon	NN
and	CC
when	WRB
it	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
work	VB
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
get	VB
more	JJR
and	CC
more	RBR
frustrated	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
life	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
knew	VBD
it	PRP
was	VBD
spinning	JJ
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
.	.
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
become	VB
very	RB
depressed	JJ
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
point	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
suicidal	JJ
.	.
The	DT
whole	JJ
thing	NN
just	RB
took	VBD
over	RP
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Pretty	NNP
soon	RB
my	PRP$
miracle	NN
``	``
diet	NN
''	''
became	VBD
a	DT
routine	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
ate	VBD
break	NN
fast	JJ
or	CC
lunch	NN
,	,
just	RB
dinner	NN
.	.
If	IN
I	PRP
ate	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
gain	VB
weight	NN
,	,
and	CC
thats	VBZ
not	RB
good	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
convince	VB
myself	PRP
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
hungry	JJ
.	.
The	DT
voices	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
head	NN
would	MD
keep	VB
saying	VBG
``	``
You	PRP
had	VBD
better	RBR
not	RB
eat	VB
that	DT
or	CC
you	PRP
knw	FW
you	PRP
will	MD
just	RB
get	VB
fatter	JJR
,	,
''	''
and	CC
so	IN
I	PRP
listened	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
voices	NNS
.	.
Now	RB
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
torn	VBN
between	IN
2	CD
sides	NNS
:	:
1	CD
side	NN
is	VBZ
staying	VBG
the	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
and	CC
having	VBG
a	DT
feeling	NN
of	IN
control	NN
and	CC
feeling	NN
satisfied	VBN
when	WRB
I	PRP
can	MD
go	VB
a	DT
day	NN
or	CC
2	CD
days	NNS
or	CC
even	RB
3	CD
days	NNS
without	IN
eating	VBG
...	:
Or	CC
,	,
i	FW
could	MD
go	VB
see	VB
a	DT
shrink	VB
and	CC
either	DT
gain	NN
weight	NN
back	RB
and	CC
stay	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
,	,
which	WDT
i	FW
am	VBP
not	RB
satisfied	VBN
with	IN
.	.
So	RB
basically	RB
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WP
you	PRP
say	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
fat	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
trained	VBN
my	PRP$
mind	NN
to	TO
believe	VB
that	IN
throughout	IN
time	NN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
will	MD
never	RB
look	VB
like	IN
Kate	NNP
Moss	NNP
since	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
big-boned	JJ
so	IN
that	DT
is	VBZ
pretty	RB
much	JJ
impossible	JJ
to	TO
achieve	VB
,	,
but	CC
i	FW
ca	MD
n't	RB
stop	VB
thinking	VBG
about	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
my	PRP$
brain	NN
goes	VBZ
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
somtimes	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
things	NNS
i	FW
regret	NN
.	.
Whenever	NNP
I	PRP
look	VBP
at	IN
the	DT
food	NN
,	,
it	PRP
becomes	VBZ
my	PRP$
enemy	NN
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
laugh	NN
at	IN
this	DT
but	CC
it	PRP
has	VBZ
this	DT
little	JJ
evil	JJ
face	NN
on	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
it	PRP
screams	VBZ
at	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
not	RB
eat	VB
it	PRP
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
body	NN
some	DT
how	WRB
compensates	VBZ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
neutralize	VB
my	PRP$
hunger	NN
to	TO
the	DT
point	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
no	RB
longer	RBR
believe	VB
I	PRP
am	VBP
hungry	JJ
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
forced	VBN
to	TO
eat	VB
,	,
the	DT
food	NN
feels	VBZ
like	IN
a	DT
burden	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
stomach	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
feel	VBP
weighed	VBN
down	RP
.	.
So	RB
when	WRB
i	FW
ca	MD
n't	RB
throw	VB
up	RP
,	,
I	PRP
feel	VBP
as	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
failed	VBN
in	IN
some	DT
way	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
let	VB
something	NN
or	CC
someone	NN
down	RB
.	.
But	CC
the	DT
person	NN
I	PRP
let	VBP
down	RP
is	VBZ
myself	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
takes	VBZ
deep	JJ
personal	JJ
awareness	NN
and	CC
strength	NN
to	TO
recognize	VB
the	DT
truth	NN
in	IN
that	DT
.	.
When	WRB
people	NNS
are	VBP
numb	JJ
and	CC
caught	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
passion\/compulsion	NN
of	IN
acting	VBG
out	RP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
they	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
awareness	NN
of	IN
the	DT
soul	NN
destruction	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
occurring	VBG
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
can	MD
respond	VB
with	IN
feeling	NN
to	TO
a	DT
statement	NN
about	IN
killing	VBG
the	DT
soul	NN
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
on	IN
your	PRP$
way	NN
out	IN
of	IN
oblivion	NN
and	CC
moving	VBG
toward	IN
real	JJ
self	NN
care	NN
.	.
The	DT
broad	JJ
strokes	NNS
apply	VBP
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
`	``
healthier	RBR
'	''
.	.
Most	JJS
people	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
often	RB
think	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
acting	VBG
out	RP
is	VBZ
health	NN
.	.
The	DT
end	NN
of	IN
acting	VBG
out	RP
is	VBZ
crucial	JJ
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
begin	VB
living	VBG
a	DT
healthy	JJ
life	NN
,	,
to	TO
begin	VB
learning	VBG
what	WP
a	DT
healthy	JJ
life	NN
is	VBZ
.	.
So	RB
when	WRB
you	PRP
stop	VBP
binging	NN
,	,
starving	VBG
and	CC
purging	VBG
you	PRP
have	VBP
accomplished	VBN
something	NN
vital	JJ
which	WDT
required	VBD
much	JJ
strength	NN
,	,
courage	NN
and	CC
faith	NN
in	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
've	VBP
given	VBN
up	RP
a	DT
powerful	JJ
defense	NN
against	IN
feeling	VBG
your	PRP$
feelings	NNS
and	CC
being	VBG
present	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
world	NN
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
give	VBP
up	RP
those	DT
actions	NNS
,	,
the	DT
result	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
...	:
you	PRP
are	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
world	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
it	PRP
as	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
and	CC
as	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
There	EX
's	VBZ
a	DT
lot	NN
in	IN
this	DT
world	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
not	RB
pretty	RB
.	.
And	CC
you	PRP
have	VBP
minimal	JJ
resources	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
it	PRP
because	IN
parts	NNS
of	IN
you	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
get	VB
a	DT
chance	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
and	CC
mature	VB
.	.
Those	DT
parts	NNS
were	VBD
completely	RB
numbed	VBN
out	RP
at	IN
12	CD
when	WRB
you	PRP
began	VBD
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
So	IN
some	DT
wisdom	NN
,	,
compassion	NN
and	CC
support	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
before	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
draw	VB
on	IN
such	JJ
elements	NNS
in	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
Part	NN
of	IN
you	PRP
,	,
maybe	RB
a	DT
big	JJ
part	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
only	RB
12	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
.	.
But	CC
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
parents	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
you	PRP
,	,
think\/expect	VB
that	DT
when	WRB
the	DT
acting	VBG
out	RP
is	VBZ
over	IN
the	DT
person	NN
is	VBZ
healthy	JJ
and	CC
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
stage	NN
of	IN
development	NN
as	IN
others	NNS
her	PRP$
age	NN
.	.
And	CC
the	DT
world	NN
will	MD
expect	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
fulfill	VB
certain	JJ
responsibilities	NNS
,	,
like	IN
earn	VBP
a	DT
living	NN
,	,
get	VB
an	DT
education	NN
,	,
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
your	PRP$
commitments	NNS
,	,
take	VBP
care	NN
of	IN
yourself	PRP
,	,
keep	VB
promises	NNS
,	,
behave	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
socially	RB
accepted	VBN
manner	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
challenge	NN
for	IN
any	DT
young	JJ
person	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
many	JJ
older	JJR
persons	NNS
too	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
but	CC
particularly	RB
for	IN
someone	NN
new	JJ
in	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
so	RB
glad	JJ
to	TO
hear	VB
this	DT
.	.
It	PRP
sounds	VBZ
hard	JJ
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
the	DT
kind	NN
of	IN
hard	JJ
that	WDT
will	MD
teach	VB
you	PRP
so	RB
many	JJ
things	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
learn	VB
while	IN
you	PRP
were	VBD
acting	VBG
out	RP
.	.
And	CC
,	,
the	DT
job	NN
and	CC
school	NN
give	VBP
you	PRP
a	DT
structure	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
days	NNS
.	.
Early	RB
in	IN
recovery	NN
structure	NN
is	VBZ
very	RB
important	JJ
.	.
While	IN
you	PRP
were	VBD
acting	VBG
out	IN
there	EX
were	VBD
no	DT
boundaries	NNS
.	.
Starve	VB
too	RB
long	RB
,	,
binge	NN
too	RB
much	RB
,	,
throw	VB
up	RP
when	WRB
you	PRP
felt	VBD
like	IN
it	PRP
...	:
there	EX
are	VBP
no	DT
limits	NNS
or	CC
boundaries	NNS
there	RB
.	.
And	CC
that	DT
kind	NN
of	IN
experience	NN
spreads	NNS
to	TO
other	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
lonely	JJ
in	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
lonely	JJ
when	WRB
you	PRP
were	VBD
acting	VBG
out	RP
,	,
too	RB
,	,
was	VBD
n't	RB
it	PRP
?	.
Sometimes	RB
knowing	VBG
that	IN
your	PRP$
suffering	NN
does	VBZ
have	VB
a	DT
point	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
something	NN
to	TO
work	VB
through	RB
,	,
is	VBZ
temporary	JJ
and	CC
even	RB
necessary	JJ
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
healing	NN
,	,
can	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
bear	VB
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
you	PRP
can	MD
find	VB
a	DT
psychotherapist	NN
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
through	IN
these	DT
crucial	JJ
years	NNS
of	IN
beginning	VBG
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
You	PRP
sound	VBP
so	RB
conscientious	JJ
.	.
Support	NN
and	CC
appreciation	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
experience	NN
now	RB
from	IN
someone	NN
who	WP
understands	VBZ
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
could	MD
be	VB
a	DT
great	JJ
help	NN
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
new	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
world	NN
.	.
It	PRP
will	MD
take	VB
time	NN
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
discover	VB
what	WP
you	PRP
really	RB
care	VB
about	RB
,	,
what	WP
has	VBZ
meaning	NN
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Whatever	WDT
was	VBD
meaningful	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
before	RB
was	VBD
based	VBN
on	IN
your	PRP$
being	VBG
a	DT
partial	JJ
person	NN
.	.
Now	RB
you	PRP
are	VBP
more	RBR
fully	RB
present	JJ
.	.
Everything	NN
you	PRP
see	VBP
,	,
think	VBP
,	,
feel	VBP
,	,
want	VBP
,	,
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
,	,
like	IN
,	,
do	VBP
n't	RB
like	VB
,	,
are	VBP
repelled	VBN
by	IN
,	,
are	VBP
attracted	VBN
to	TO
...	:
everything	NN
will	MD
be	VB
affected	VBN
by	IN
your	PRP$
genuine	JJ
presence	NN
.	.
Who	WP
said	VBD
so	RB
?	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
vision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
naive	JJ
12	CD
year	NN
old	JJ
inside	IN
who	WP
has	VBZ
n't	RB
learned	VBN
very	RB
much	RB
about	IN
the	DT
world	NN
yet	RB
.	.
That	DT
part	NN
of	IN
you	PRP
needs	VBZ
help	NN
in	IN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
disillusions	NNS
that	WDT
awakening	VBG
brings	VBZ
.	.
That	DT
part	NN
is	VBZ
probably	RB
scared	VBN
,	,
hurt	VBN
,	,
disappointed	VBN
,	,
bewildered	VBN
,	,
at	IN
a	DT
loss	NN
and	CC
looking	VBG
for	IN
help	NN
that	IN
a	DT
12	CD
year	NN
old	JJ
understands	VBZ
.	.
Yet	CC
you	PRP
are	VBP
24	CD
and	CC
on	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
Your	PRP$
challenge	NN
is	VBZ
how	WRB
to	TO
provide	VB
that	DT
compassion	NN
and	CC
support	NN
for	IN
yourself	PRP
as	IN
you	PRP
meet	VBP
the	DT
world	NN
.	.
Where	WRB
are	VBP
you	PRP
going	VBG
to	TO
school	VB
?	.
Often	RB
schools	NNS
have	VBP
counseling	NN
centers	NNS
or	CC
referral	NN
lists	NNS
or	CC
something	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
helpful	JJ
to	TO
their	PRP$
students	NNS
in	IN
stressful	JJ
situations	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
might	MD
even	RB
have	VB
programs	NNS
for	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
or	CC
know	VB
where	WRB
you	PRP
could	MD
find	VB
one	CD
.	.
Giving	VBG
up	RP
the	DT
behavior	NN
is	VBZ
giving	VBG
up	RP
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
coping	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
world	NN
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
finding	VBG
a	DT
much	RB
better	JJR
way	NN
of	IN
coping	VBG
,	,
one	CD
that	WDT
can	MD
seem	VB
very	RB
far	RB
away	RB
at	IN
times	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
does	VBZ
get	VB
easier	JJR
as	IN
you	PRP
grow	VBP
and	CC
become	VBP
accustomed	JJ
to	TO
being	VBG
more	RBR
present	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
world	NN
and	CC
more	JJR
reliable	JJ
and	CC
compassionate	JJ
to	TO
yourself	PRP
.	.
S	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
only	RB
natural	JJ
that	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
experience	VB
this	DT
.	.
You	PRP
gave	VBD
up	RP
the	DT
behavior	NN
and	CC
did	VBD
n't	RB
get	VB
the	DT
promised	JJ
land	NN
you	PRP
thought	VBD
you	PRP
would	MD
.	.
By	IN
giving	VBG
up	RP
the	DT
behavior	NN
you	PRP
even	RB
lost	VBD
some	DT
things	NNS
you	PRP
had	VBD
,	,
like	IN
financial	JJ
support	NN
from	IN
your	PRP$
parents	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
things	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
thought	VBD
would	MD
work	VB
did	VBD
n't	RB
.	.
The	DT
emotional	JJ
awareness	NN
you	PRP
have	VBP
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
lots	NNS
of	IN
growth	NN
and	CC
lots	NNS
of	IN
deprivation	NN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
.	.
So	RB
there	EX
are	VBP
holes	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
perception	NN
that	IN
make	VB
your	PRP$
challenges	NNS
even	RB
more	RBR
difficult	JJ
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
time	NN
to	TO
mourn	VB
the	DT
loss	NN
of	IN
all	DT
that	IN
you	PRP
thought	VBD
would	MD
be	VB
and	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
.	.
The	DT
12	CD
year	NN
old	JJ
dreams	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
happening	VBG
.	.
Meanwhile	RB
,	,
let	VB
me	PRP
ask	VB
you	PRP
,	,
``	``
Who	WP
is	VBZ
mourning	VBG
?	.
Who	WP
is	VBZ
pessimistic	JJ
?	.
Who	WP
is	VBZ
cynical	JJ
?	.
and	CC
Who	WP
is	VBZ
writing	VBG
this	DT
letter	NN
?	.
''	''
I	PRP
wonder	VBP
if	IN
your	PRP$
answer	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
same	JJ
to	TO
each	DT
of	IN
these	DT
questions	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
main	JJ
suggestion	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
get	VB
a	DT
support	NN
system	NN
for	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
've	VBP
done	VBN
a	DT
great	JJ
job	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
work	NN
,	,
schooling	NN
and	CC
friends	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
support	NN
and	CC
structure	NN
.	.
You	PRP
also	RB
need	VBP
someone	NN
to	TO
listen	VB
to	TO
you	PRP
and	CC
be	VB
present	JJ
for	IN
you	PRP
while	IN
you	PRP
go	VBP
through	IN
this	DT
powerful	JJ
learning	NN
and	CC
healing	NN
time	NN
.	.
A	DT
psychotherapist	NN
who	WP
knows	VBZ
about	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
is	VBZ
what	WP
I	PRP
recommend	VBP
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
12	CD
step	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
check	VB
out	RP
what	WP
your	PRP$
school	NN
has	VBZ
to	TO
offer	VB
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
the	DT
fear	NN
and	CC
confusion	NN
I	PRP
felt	VBD
when	WRB
our	PRP$
daughter	NN
was	VBD
diagnosed	VBN
with	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
twenty	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
determined	VBN
to	TO
read	VB
everything	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
find	VB
on	IN
the	DT
subject	NN
,	,
act	NN
upon	IN
the	DT
concepts	NNS
suggested	VBD
in	IN
these	DT
books	NNS
and	CC
-	:
voila	SYM
-	:
in	IN
a	DT
couple	NN
of	IN
months	NNS
she	PRP
's	VBZ
be	VB
cured	VBN
.	.
Does	VBZ
that	IN
sound	NN
familiar	JJ
?	.
All	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
lived	VBD
with	IN
such	JJ
delusions	NNS
when	WRB
we	PRP
first	RB
started	VBD
down	RP
that	DT
painful	JJ
road	NN
.	.
I	PRP
haunted	VBD
book	NN
stores	NNS
looking	VBG
for	IN
something	NN
written	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
parent	NN
.	.
There	EX
was	VBD
nothing	NN
,	,
absolutely	RB
nothing	NN
!	.
What	WP
I	PRP
found	VBD
were	VBD
numerous	JJ
volumns	NNS
written	VBN
by	IN
professionals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
much	RB
of	IN
the	DT
blame	NN
was	VBD
laid	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
parents	NNS
'	POS
doorstep	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
resentful	JJ
of	IN
this	DT
and	CC
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
look	VBP
back	RB
,	,
my	PRP$
attitude	NN
probably	RB
impeded	VBD
our	PRP$
early	JJ
efforts	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
Kathleen	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
needed	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
beyond	IN
my	PRP$
ego	NN
and	CC
focus	NN
on	IN
``	``
the	DT
problem	NN
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
needed	VBD
to	TO
ignore	VB
the	DT
psycho-babble	NN
in	IN
the	DT
books	NNS
and	CC
go	VB
with	IN
my	PRP$
gut	NN
instincts	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
that	IN
we	PRP
knew	VBD
our	PRP$
daughter	NN
better	JJR
than	IN
anyone	NN
else	RB
.	.
But	CC
often	RB
that	IN
weapon	NN
was	VBD
double-edged	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
loved	VBD
her	PRP$
and	CC
were	VBD
willing	JJ
to	TO
do	VB
most	JJS
anything	NN
to	TO
help	VB
,	,
but	CC
that	DT
love	NN
also	RB
made	VBD
us	PRP
extremely	RB
vulnerable	JJ
to	TO
her	PRP$
manipulations	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
years	NNS
before	IN
I	PRP
finally	RB
realized	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
way	NN
to	TO
help	VB
her	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
to	TO
help	VB
her	PRP$
at	IN
all	DT
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
ask	VB
myself	PRP
a	DT
hard	JJ
question	NN
:	:
Why	WRB
should	MD
she	PRP
try	VB
to	TO
help	VB
herself	PRP
when	WRB
there	EX
was	VBD
always	RB
someone	NN
there	RB
to	TO
do	VB
it	PRP
for	IN
her	PRP
,	,
to	TO
pick	VB
up	RP
the	DT
pieces	NNS
when	WRB
she	PRP
messed-up	JJ
or	CC
needed	VBN
re-hospitalization	NN
?	.
We	PRP
did	VBD
these	DT
things	NNS
for	IN
her	PRP$
when	WRB
she	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
minor	JJ
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
continued	VBD
after	IN
she	PRP
turned	VBD
eighteen	CD
.	.
She	PRP
would	MD
die	VB
if	IN
we	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
,	,
would	MD
n't	RB
she	PRP
?	.
Or	CC
would	MD
she	PRP
?	.
Had	VBD
we	PRP
ever	RB
really	RB
given	VBN
her	PRP$
a	DT
chance	NN
to	TO
show	VB
us	PRP
how	WRB
she	PRP
'd	MD
handle	VB
it	PRP
?	.
Did	VBD
we	PRP
unintentionally	RB
rob	VBD
her	PRP$
of	IN
the	DT
initiative	NN
to	TO
mold	NN
and	CC
control	VB
her	PRP$
own	JJ
life	NN
?	.
Tough	JJ
questions	NNS
and	CC
even	RB
tougher	JJR
answers	NNS
.	.
In	IN
recent	JJ
years	NNS
people	NNS
have	VBP
asked	VBN
me	PRP
how	WRB
I	PRP
would	MD
advise	VB
parents	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
just	RB
now	RB
confronting	VBG
the	DT
life	NN
and	CC
death	NN
struggles	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
``	``
It	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
difficult	JJ
task	NN
''	''
,	,
is	VBZ
how	WRB
I	PRP
answer	VBP
them	PRP
,	,
because	IN
every	DT
situation	NN
is	VBZ
different	JJ
.	.
Human	JJ
nature	NN
is	VBZ
such	JJ
that	IN
we	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
experience	VB
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
agony	NN
these	DT
problems	NNS
cause	NN
before	IN
we	PRP
can	MD
accept	VB
guidance	NN
on	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
combat	VB
them	PRP
.	.
These	DT
beleagured	JJ
new	JJ
parents	NNS
rationalize	VBP
that	IN
their	PRP$
situation	NN
is	VBZ
different	JJ
from	IN
yours	NNS
or	CC
mine	NN
.	.
So	RB
again	RB
,	,
only	RB
after	IN
we	PRP
've	VBP
lived	VBN
through	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
pain	NN
,	,
can	MD
we	PRP
be	VB
open	JJ
to	TO
finding	VBG
ways	NNS
to	TO
alleviate	VB
it	PRP
.	.
``	``
No	UH
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
.	.
I	PRP
'd	MD
get	VB
her	PRP$
help	NN
like	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
dad	NN
did	VBD
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
'd	MD
listen	VB
to	TO
her	PRP
,	,
as	IN
you	PRP
did	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
'd	MD
set	VB
limits	NNS
as	IN
you	PRP
tried	VBD
to	TO
do	VB
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
beat	VB
yourself	PRP
up	RP
,	,
mom	NN
.	.
I	PRP
love	VBP
you	PRP
for	IN
continuing	VBG
to	TO
love	VB
me	PRP
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
unlovable	JJ
.	.
''	''
Oh	UH
yes	UH
,	,
I	PRP
remember	VBP
all	DT
of	IN
it	PRP
so	RB
well	RB
,	,
but	CC
now	RB
I	PRP
can	MD
look	VB
to	TO
the	DT
future	NN
with	IN
confidence	NN
.	.
Kathleen	NNP
has	VBZ
built	VBN
a	DT
life	NN
for	IN
herself	PRP
based	VBN
on	IN
new	JJ
acceptance	NN
,	,
despite	IN
the	DT
past	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
prayers	NNS
for	IN
her	PRP
,	,
and	CC
all	DT
victims	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
is	VBZ
that	IN
they	PRP
continue	VBP
to	TO
move	VB
forward	RB
with	IN
determination	NN
and	CC
hope	NN
.	.
They	PRP
must	MD
keep	VB
their	PRP$
eyes	NNS
focused	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
many	JJ
good	JJ
things	NNS
life	NN
has	VBZ
to	TO
offer	VB
.	.
They	PRP
dare	VBP
not	RB
waste	VB
a	DT
single	JJ
moment	NN
.	.
When	WRB
Charlene	NNP
was	VBD
diagnosed	VBN
with	IN
juvenile	JJ
diabetes	NN
at	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
eight	CD
,	,
my	PRP$
husband	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
were	VBD
heartbroken	JJ
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
we	PRP
knew	VBD
so	RB
little	JJ
about	IN
diabetes	NN
.	.
Would	MD
our	PRP$
precious	JJ
daughter	NN
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
live	VB
a	DT
normal	JJ
life	NN
?	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
our	PRP$
only	JJ
child	NN
and	CC
we	PRP
wanted	VBD
her	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
happy	JJ
and	CC
successful	JJ
-	:
not	RB
burdened	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
chronic	JJ
illness	NN
.	.
Although	IN
we	PRP
never	RB
discussed	VBD
the	DT
diabetes	NN
with	IN
her	PRP
,	,
we	PRP
knew	VBD
Charlene	NNP
's	POS
life	NN
was	VBD
bound	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
more	RBR
difficult	JJ
because	IN
of	IN
this	DT
disease	NN
and	CC
because	IN
of	IN
its	PRP$
deadly	JJ
complications	NNS
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
,	,
we	PRP
smothered	VBD
her	PRP
with	IN
love	NN
and	CC
concern	NN
,	,
yet	RB
Charlene	NNP
seemed	VBD
to	TO
take	VB
the	DT
changes	NNS
in	IN
her	PRP$
lifestyle	NN
in	IN
stride	NN
.	.
Not	RB
once	RB
did	VBD
she	PRP
complain	VB
about	IN
the	DT
insulin	NN
shots	NNS
,	,
the	DT
sugar	NN
highs	NNS
and	CC
lows	NNS
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
meal	NN
plan	NN
she	PRP
followed	VBD
faithfully	RB
.	.
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
she	PRP
rarely	RB
talked	VBD
about	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
fussed	VBD
over	IN
meals	NNS
,	,
encouraged	VBD
her	PRP
to	TO
write	VB
down	RP
everything	NN
she	PRP
ate	VBD
,	,
and	CC
demanded	VBD
she	PRP
monitor	VB
her	PRP$
blood	NN
sugar	NN
frequently	RB
.	.
And	CC
she	PRP
did	VBD
.	.
We	PRP
were	VBD
so	RB
very	RB
proud	JJ
of	IN
our	PRP$
little	JJ
girl	NN
.	.
As	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
passed	VBN
,	,
she	PRP
developed	VBD
into	IN
an	DT
attractive	JJ
,	,
athletic	JJ
and	CC
popular	JJ
young	JJ
woman	NN
.	.
She	PRP
appeared	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
normal	JJ
,	,
healthy	JJ
child	NN
.	.
The	DT
summer	NN
before	IN
Charlene	NNP
's	POS
sophomore	NN
year	NN
in	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
,	,
we	PRP
noticed	VBD
our	PRP$
cheery	JJ
,	,
talkative	JJ
daughter	NN
seemed	VBD
moody	NN
.	.
At	IN
that	DT
time	NN
,	,
we	PRP
were	VBD
convinced	VBN
it	PRP
was	VBD
due	JJ
to	TO
hormonal	JJ
changes	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
never	RB
occurred	VBD
to	TO
us	PRP
that	IN
it	PRP
could	MD
be	VB
more	RBR
.	.
After	IN
all	DT
,	,
Charlene	NNP
had	VBD
never	RB
seemed	VBN
bothered	VBN
by	IN
her	PRP$
diabetes	NN
,	,
school	NN
,	,
friends	NNS
or	CC
anything	NN
.	.
But	CC
both	DT
my	PRP$
husband	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
read	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
physical	JJ
and	CC
emotional	JJ
stress	NN
of	IN
diabetes	NN
exacerbates	VBZ
depression	NN
.	.
I	PRP
encouraged	VBD
her	PRP
to	TO
talk	VB
about	IN
her	PRP$
feelings	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
inquired	VBD
about	IN
her	PRP$
weight	NN
loss	NN
.	.
But	CC
Charlene	NNP
assured	VBD
her	PRP$
father	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
everything	NN
was	VBD
fine	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
admitted	VBD
her	PRP$
weight	NN
had	VBD
dropped	VBN
some	DT
from	IN
running	VBG
every	DT
day	NN
,	,
but	CC
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
important	JJ
she	PRP
keep	VB
in	IN
shape	NN
for	IN
cheerleading	NN
competitions	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
said	VBD
she	PRP
would	MD
speak	VB
to	TO
the	DT
doctor	NN
about	IN
her	PRP$
frequent	JJ
trips	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
bathroom	NN
.	.
We	PRP
believed	VBD
her	PRP
.	.
A	DT
month	NN
later	RB
,	,
I	PRP
awoke	VBD
late	RB
at	IN
night	NN
to	TO
the	DT
sound	NN
of	IN
someone	NN
vomiting	NN
.	.
I	PRP
rushed	VBD
to	TO
Charlene	NNP
's	POS
bathroom	NN
,	,
and	CC
found	VBD
her	PRP$
clutching	VBG
the	DT
edge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
toilet	NN
seat	NN
,	,
tears	NNS
streaming	VBG
from	IN
her	PRP$
bloodshot	JJ
eyes	NNS
.	.
At	IN
that	DT
moment	NN
,	,
I	PRP
realized	VBD
just	RB
what	WP
was	VBD
happening	VBG
.	.
And	CC
how	WRB
blind	JJ
we	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
.	.
Here	RB
,	,
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
eyes	NNS
,	,
our	PRP$
darling	NN
daughter	NN
had	VBD
developed	VBN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
bingeing	VBG
and	CC
purging	VBG
her	PRP$
food	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
ignoring	VBG
her	PRP$
sugar	NN
highs	NNS
and	CC
lows	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
even	RB
skipping	VBG
insulin	NN
shots	NNS
to	TO
control	VB
her	PRP$
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
I	PRP
knew	VBD
it	PRP
,	,
but	CC
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
acknowledge	VB
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
told	VBD
myself	PRP
,	,
Charlene	NNP
would	MD
never	RB
do	VB
that	DT
.	.
But	CC
she	PRP
did	VBD
.	.
On	IN
that	DT
night	NN
I	PRP
realized	VBD
Charlene	NNP
is	VBZ
bulimic	JJ
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
diabetic	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
vowed	VBD
I	PRP
would	MD
do	VB
everything	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
to	TO
help	VB
her	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
my	PRP$
husband	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
could	MD
make	VB
it	PRP
better	RBR
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
we	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
``	``
fix	VB
''	''
the	DT
diabetes	NN
.	.
Association	NNP
for	IN
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
and	CC
Associated	NNP
Disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
ANAD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Through	IN
them	PRP
,	,
we	PRP
learned	VBD
more	RBR
about	IN
the	DT
disease	NN
and	CC
what	WP
we	PRP
could	MD
do	VB
to	TO
support	VB
Charlene	NNP
in	IN
her	PRP$
recovery	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
importantly	RB
,	,
Charlene	NNP
was	VBD
referred	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
therapist	NN
specially	RB
trained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
diabetics	NNS
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
step	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
Charlene	NNP
back	RB
on	IN
a	DT
healthier	RBR
track	NN
.	.
In	IN
short	RB
,	,
to	TO
stabilize	VB
her	PRP$
blood	NN
sugars	NNS
and	CC
help	VB
her	PRP
maintain	VB
a	DT
nutritious	JJ
meal	NN
plan	NN
.	.
Once	RB
a	DT
somewhat	RB
normal	JJ
routine	NN
was	VBD
established	VBN
,	,
Charlene	NNP
began	VBD
to	TO
have	VB
more	JJR
energy	NN
,	,
feel	VBP
less	JJR
moody	NN
and	CC
sleep	VB
better	JJR
.	.
Only	RB
then	RB
was	VBD
she	PRP
ready	JJ
to	TO
tackle	VB
the	DT
bigger	JJR
issues	NNS
in	IN
therapy	NN
like	IN
body	NN
image	NN
and	CC
self-esteem	NN
.	.
For	IN
Charlene	NNP
and	CC
most	RBS
bulimics	NNS
,	,
anorexics	NNS
and	CC
binge	NN
eaters	NNS
,	,
the	DT
illness	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
about	IN
food	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
,	,
although	IN
it	PRP
appears	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
about	IN
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
about	IN
independence	NN
and	CC
identity	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
about	IN
being	VBG
your	PRP$
own	JJ
caretaker	NN
and	CC
loving	JJ
yourself	PRP
unconditionally	RB
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
why	WRB
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
so	RB
essential	JJ
.	.
Without	IN
it	PRP
,	,
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
virtually	RB
impossible	JJ
.	.
And	CC
when	WRB
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
involves	VBZ
a	DT
child	NN
,	,
the	DT
parents	NNS
and	CC
siblings	NNS
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
family	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
The	DT
physical	JJ
consequences	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
are	VBP
serious	JJ
,	,
but	CC
when	WRB
someone	NN
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
also	RB
has	VBZ
diabetes	NN
,	,
the	DT
effects	NNS
are	VBP
more	RBR
immediate	JJ
and	CC
devastating	JJ
.	.
For	IN
diabetic	JJ
bulimics	NNS
and	CC
anorexics	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
crucial	JJ
to	TO
treat	VB
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
bingeing	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
,	,
starvation	NN
and	CC
insulin	NN
manipulation	NN
immediately	RB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
seek	VB
out	RP
a	DT
physician	NN
and	CC
a	DT
dietitian	NN
who	WP
are	VBP
both	DT
willing	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
this	DT
therapist	NN
.	.
As	IN
we	PRP
found	VBD
with	IN
Charlene	NNP
's	POS
recovery	NN
process	NN
,	,
a	DT
professional	JJ
team	NN
approach	NN
to	TO
guide	VB
and	CC
support	VB
the	DT
diabetic	JJ
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
holds	VBZ
a	DT
brighter	JJR
promise	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
The	DT
team	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
understand	VB
how	WRB
eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
dovetail	VBP
with	IN
diabetes	NN
.	.
By	IN
the	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
illness	NN
and	CC
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
,	,
diabetes	NN
can	MD
create	VB
a	DT
preoccupation	NN
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
Secondly	RB
,	,
it	PRP
can	MD
lead	VB
a	DT
child	NN
to	TO
view	VB
food	NN
as	IN
``	``
the	DT
enemy	NN
''	''
,	,
as	IN
something	NN
dangerous	JJ
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
diabetic	JJ
feels	VBZ
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
life	NN
is	VBZ
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
diabetes	NN
,	,
an	DT
excessive	JJ
control	NN
of	IN
food	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
may	MD
be	VB
the	DT
outcome	NN
of	IN
wanting	VBG
to	TO
feel	VB
in	IN
control	NN
.	.
And	CC
as	IN
my	PRP$
husband	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
learned	VBD
,	,
teens	NNS
with	IN
diabetes	NN
often	RB
feel	VBP
their	PRP$
families	NNS
are	VBP
overly	RB
involved	VBN
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
To	TO
rebel	NN
and	CC
strive	VB
for	IN
independence	NN
,	,
food	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
obsession	NN
becomes	VBZ
a	DT
teen	NN
's	POS
power	NN
,	,
and	CC
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
becomes	VBZ
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
identity	NN
.	.
Charlene	NNP
's	POS
parents	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
husband	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
support	VB
rather	RB
than	IN
smother	VB
,	,
encourage	VB
instead	RB
of	IN
demand	NN
,	,
and	CC
love	NN
without	IN
conditions	NNS
or	CC
expectations	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
easy	JJ
for	IN
Charlene	NNP
or	CC
for	IN
us	PRP
.	.
In	IN
family	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
we	PRP
have	VBP
admitted	VBN
to	TO
making	VBG
mistakes	NNS
,	,
shed	VBD
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
tears	NNS
,	,
raised	VBD
our	PRP$
voices	NNS
in	IN
anger	NN
,	,
but	CC
always	RB
,	,
ended	VBD
our	PRP$
sessions	NNS
with	IN
hugs	NNS
of	IN
love	NN
.	.
As	IN
parents	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
husband	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
did	VBD
the	DT
best	JJS
we	PRP
could	MD
,	,
but	CC
often	RB
,	,
in	IN
our	PRP$
efforts	NNS
to	TO
raise	VB
a	DT
smart	JJ
,	,
successful	JJ
daughter	NN
,	,
we	PRP
criticized	VBD
too	RB
frequently	RB
and	CC
praised	VBD
too	RB
little	JJ
.	.
Today	NN
,	,
we	PRP
focus	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
positive	JJ
,	,
listen	VB
more	RBR
often	RB
,	,
and	CC
encourage	VB
Charlene	NNP
to	TO
be	VB
her	PRP$
own	JJ
person	NN
.	.
Even	RB
after	IN
participating	VBG
in	IN
Charlene	NNP
's	POS
treatment	NN
and	CC
therapy	NN
,	,
supporting	VBG
my	PRP$
daughter	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
daily	JJ
struggle	NN
to	TO
recover	VB
,	,
and	CC
reading	VBG
numerous	JJ
books	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
remain	VBP
somewhat	RB
baffled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
complexity	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
enough	RB
to	TO
recognize	VB
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
,	,
share	NN
my	PRP$
story	NN
with	IN
others	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
means	NN
of	IN
support	NN
,	,
and	CC
help	VB
prevent	VB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Because	IN
bulimia	NN
and	CC
anorexia	NN
are	VBP
body	NN
image	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
recognize	VB
and	CC
help	VB
reduce	VB
the	DT
societal	JJ
pressure	NN
on	IN
women	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
pretty	RB
and	CC
thin	JJ
.	.
This	DT
pressure	NN
fuels	NNS
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
among	IN
women	NNS
,	,
and	CC
as	RB
long	JJ
as	IN
women	NNS
feel	VBP
judged	VBN
solely	RB
on	IN
appearance	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
thrive	VB
in	IN
our	PRP$
society	NN
.	.
Poor	NNP
self-esteem	NN
drives	NNS
bulimics	NNS
and	CC
anorexics	NNS
to	TO
find	VB
a	DT
means	NN
to	TO
feel	VB
important	JJ
,	,
significant	JJ
and	CC
powerful	JJ
at	IN
any	DT
cost	NN
,	,
even	RB
one	CD
's	POS
health	NN
.	.
As	IN
parents	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
must	MD
make	VB
a	DT
conscious	JJ
and	CC
consistent	JJ
effort	NN
to	TO
raise	VB
children	NNS
with	IN
healthy	JJ
self-esteem	NN
.	.
Unconditional	JJ
love	NN
,	,
acceptance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
child	NN
's	POS
individuality	NN
and	CC
praise	NN
rather	RB
than	IN
shame	NN
and	CC
blame	NN
will	MD
enable	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
healthy	JJ
choices	NNS
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
person	NN
is	VBZ
self-confident	JJ
and	CC
feels	VBZ
worthy	JJ
of	IN
love	NN
,	,
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
develop	VB
healthy	JJ
coping	VBG
mechanisms	NNS
,	,
free	JJ
of	IN
alcohol	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
addictive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
.	.
To	TO
treat	VB
only	RB
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
self-induced	JJ
starvation	NN
or	CC
the	DT
binge-and-purge	JJ
cycle	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
ignore	VB
the	DT
underlying	VBG
causes	NNS
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
A	DT
strong	JJ
need	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
yet	RB
intense	JJ
fear	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
separation	NN
and	CC
individuation	NN
from	IN
parents	NNS
,	,
siblings	NNS
,	,
even	RB
spouses	NNS
is	VBZ
at	IN
the	DT
root	NN
of	IN
most	JJS
eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
.	.
Therapy	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
necessity	NN
in	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
and	CC
often	RB
,	,
anti-depressants	NNS
help	VBP
alleviate	VB
the	DT
emotional	JJ
pain	NN
that	WDT
accompanies	VBZ
the	DT
challenge	NN
of	IN
eliminating	VBG
old	JJ
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
replacing	VBG
them	PRP
with	IN
healthy	JJ
ones	NNS
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
help	NN
of	IN
an	DT
understanding	NN
physician	NN
,	,
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
therapist	NN
and	CC
a	DT
knowledgeable	JJ
dietitian	NN
,	,
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
accepting	VBG
and	CC
loving	VBG
one	CD
's	POS
self	NN
unconditionally	RB
is	VBZ
not	RB
only	RB
possible	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
highly	RB
probable	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
met	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
living	NN
room	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
home	NN
on	IN
Topsail	NNP
Island	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
took	VBD
out	RP
my	PRP$
notebook	NN
and	CC
pen	NN
,	,
flipped	VBD
to	TO
a	DT
clean	JJ
page	NN
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
began	VBD
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
difficult	JJ
topic	NN
for	IN
her	PRP$
to	TO
talk	VB
about	IN
,	,
but	CC
an	DT
important	JJ
one	CD
.	.
We	PRP
began	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
...	:
Her	PRP$
obsession	NN
with	IN
food	NN
began	VBD
when	WRB
she	PRP
was	VBD
six	CD
or	CC
seven	CD
.	.
Her	PRP$
family	NN
had	VBD
just	RB
moved	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
new	JJ
neighborhood	NN
and	CC
there	EX
were	VBD
no	DT
other	JJ
kids	NNS
around	IN
.	.
Food	NNP
took	VBD
the	DT
place	NN
of	IN
friends	NNS
and	CC
relieved	VBD
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
boredom	NN
for	IN
her	PRP$
and	CC
her	PRP$
sister	NN
.	.
She	PRP
can	MD
remember	VB
sitting	VBG
down	RP
with	IN
a	DT
big	JJ
Tupperware	NNP
container	NN
of	IN
Cheetos	NNPS
and	CC
eating	VBG
until	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
all	DT
gone	VBN
.	.
She	PRP
remembers	VBZ
being	VBG
eight	CD
and	CC
feeling	VBG
the	DT
need	NN
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
.	.
Comments	NNS
from	IN
her	PRP$
family	NN
like	IN
``	``
you	PRP
're	VBP
getting	VBG
chubby	JJ
''	''
and	CC
``	``
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
stop	VB
snacking	VBG
''	''
did	VBD
n't	RB
help	VB
.	.
``	``
We	PRP
were	VBD
playing	VBG
floor	NN
hockey	NN
one	CD
day	NN
at	IN
school	NN
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
recalls	VBZ
,	,
``	``
and	CC
I	PRP
fell	VBD
onto	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
boys	NNS
'	POS
legs	NNS
.	.
With	IN
both	DT
parents	NNS
working	VBG
,	,
she	PRP
received	VBD
little	JJ
attention	NN
at	IN
home	NN
.	.
Food	NNP
helped	VBD
to	TO
make	VB
her	PRP$
feel	NN
better	RB
by	IN
taking	VBG
her	PRP$
mind	NN
away	RB
from	IN
her	PRP$
emotions	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
would	MD
make	VB
promises	NNS
to	TO
herself	PRP
like	IN
,	,
``	``
Today	NN
I	PRP
'll	MD
eat	VB
only	RB
vegetables	NNS
,	,
''	''
but	CC
the	DT
promises	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
forgotten	VBN
within	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
hours	NNS
and	CC
she	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
eating	VBG
her	PRP$
usual	JJ
way	NN
again	RB
.	.
In	IN
junior	JJ
high	JJ
and	CC
into	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
,	,
food	NN
continued	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
comfort	NN
.	.
She	PRP
would	MD
come	VB
home	NN
from	IN
school	NN
and	CC
eat	VB
some	DT
of	IN
everything	NN
.	.
She	PRP
would	MD
eat	VB
until	IN
each	DT
food	NN
did	VBD
n't	RB
taste	VB
good	JJ
anymore	RB
and	CC
then	RB
move	VB
on	IN
to	TO
something	NN
else	RB
.	.
If	IN
she	PRP
knew	VBD
a	DT
friend	NN
's	POS
family	NN
ate	VBD
healthy	JJ
food	NN
,	,
she	PRP
would	MD
try	VB
to	TO
get	VB
the	DT
friend	NN
to	TO
come	VB
to	TO
her	PRP$
house	NN
because	IN
junk	NN
food	NN
was	VBD
more	RBR
accessible	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
started	VBD
counting	VBG
calories	NNS
in	IN
junior	JJ
high	JJ
.	.
Being	VBG
active	JJ
in	IN
athletics	NNS
kept	VBD
her	PRP$
from	IN
becoming	VBG
obese	NN
.	.
Although	IN
she	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
stop	VB
binging	NN
,	,
she	PRP
was	VBD
afraid	JJ
people	NNS
would	MD
not	RB
love	VB
her	PRP$
if	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
fat	JJ
.	.
As	IN
she	PRP
got	VBD
older	JJR
,	,
she	PRP
became	VBD
so	RB
ashamed	JJ
of	IN
her	PRP$
young	JJ
behavior	NN
that	IN
she	PRP
felt	VBD
restricting	VBG
and	CC
denying	VBG
herself	PRP
pleasure	NN
from	IN
food	NN
would	MD
make	VB
her	PRP
a	DT
better	JJR
person	NN
.	.
Binging	NN
and	CC
restricting	VBG
were	VBD
both	DT
extremes	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
,	,
neither	DT
used	VBN
self-control	NN
or	CC
moderation	NN
.	.
Society	NNP
applauds	VBZ
you	PRP
for	IN
not	RB
eating	VBG
.	.
It	PRP
means	VBZ
you	PRP
are	VBP
strong	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
just	RB
a	DT
much	JJ
quicker	JJR
death	NN
when	WRB
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
eat	VB
compared	VBN
to	TO
eating	VBG
too	RB
much	RB
.	.
''	''
Food	NNP
was	VBD
controlling	VBG
her	PRP$
life	NN
though	IN
she	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
denied	VBN
it	PRP
then	RB
.	.
``	``
Bulimics	NNS
think	VBP
about	IN
food	NN
every	DT
minute	NN
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
says	VBZ
.	.
In	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
,	,
she	PRP
became	VBD
more	RBR
concerned	JJ
about	IN
grades	NNS
and	CC
boys	NNS
and	CC
less	JJR
focused	VBN
on	IN
food	NN
.	.
As	IN
she	PRP
got	VBD
more	JJR
attention	NN
,	,
food	NN
lost	VBD
some	DT
of	IN
its	PRP$
importance	NN
.	.
She	PRP
still	RB
had	VBD
restricting	VBG
and	CC
binging	VBG
episodes	NNS
,	,
but	CC
restricting	VBG
was	VBD
becoming	VBG
more	RBR
common	JJ
and	CC
episodes	NNS
were	VBD
lasting	JJ
longer	RBR
.	.
When	WRB
she	PRP
got	VBD
her	PRP$
driver	NN
's	POS
license	NN
,	,
she	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
whole	JJ
new	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
get	VB
food	NN
whenever	WRB
she	PRP
wanted	VBD
it	PRP
and	CC
binges	NNS
became	VBD
more	RBR
frequent	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
I	PRP
remember	VBP
a	DT
friend	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
getting	VBG
a	DT
box	NN
of	IN
Entenman	NNP
's	POS
donuts	NNS
,	,
the	DT
kind	NN
with	IN
eight	CD
huge	JJ
donuts	NNS
in	IN
it	PRP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
two	CD
of	IN
us	PRP
eating	VBG
the	DT
whole	JJ
box	NN
between	IN
us	PRP
.	.
''	''
During	IN
her	PRP$
junior	NN
year	NN
of	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
,	,
she	PRP
met	VBD
the	DT
man	NN
who	WP
would	MD
become	VB
her	PRP$
husband	NN
.	.
Once	RB
she	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
a	DT
settled	VBN
relationship	NN
,	,
food	NN
took	VBD
on	RP
a	DT
whole	JJ
new	JJ
importance	NN
.	.
She	PRP
remembers	VBZ
,	,
``	``
Some	DT
mornings	NNS
I	PRP
would	MD
wake	VB
up	RB
and	CC
be	VB
happy	JJ
because	IN
I	PRP
knew	VBD
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
certain	JJ
foods	NNS
that	WDT
day	NN
.	.
''	''
When	WRB
she	PRP
started	VBD
at	IN
college	NN
,	,
the	DT
food	NN
obsession	NN
intensified	VBD
.	.
Her	PRP$
husband	NN
joined	VBD
her	PRP$
in	IN
taking	VBG
classes	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
community	NN
college	NN
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
looked	VBD
forward	RB
to	TO
the	DT
night	NN
classes	NNS
we	PRP
were	VBD
taking	VBG
because	IN
we	PRP
would	MD
go	VB
to	TO
Taco	NNP
Bell	NNP
or	CC
Burger	NNP
King	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
way	NN
home	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
'd	MD
binge	NN
on	IN
takeout	NN
food	NN
.	.
Then	RB
I	PRP
'd	MD
have	VB
a	DT
Snickers	NNS
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
remembers	VBZ
.	.
One	CD
of	IN
her	PRP$
fondest	JJS
memories	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
early	JJ
college	NN
years	NNS
is	VBZ
a	DT
trip	NN
to	TO
Disney	NNP
World	NNP
in	IN
1990	CD
.	.
Reservations	NNS
were	VBD
made	VBN
over	IN
a	DT
year	NN
in	IN
advance	NN
and	CC
the	DT
anticipation	NN
was	VBD
great	JJ
.	.
``	``
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
things	NNS
I	PRP
was	VBD
most	RBS
looking	VBG
forward	RB
to	TO
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
told	VBD
me	PRP
,	,
``	``
was	VBD
the	DT
food	NN
.	.
''	''
Her	PRP$
steady	JJ
relationship	NN
allowed	VBD
her	PRP
to	TO
settle	VB
into	IN
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
life	NN
that	IN
many	JJ
women	NNS
without	IN
careers	NNS
know	VBP
:	:
once	IN
they	PRP
get	VBP
married	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
excitement	NN
of	IN
dating	VBG
is	VBZ
off	RB
,	,
they	PRP
get	VBP
bored	VBN
and	CC
turn	VB
to	TO
food	NN
for	IN
comfort	NN
.	.
``	``
You	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
remember	VB
,	,
many	JJ
women	NNS
were	VBD
raised	VBN
with	IN
marriage	NN
being	VBG
the	DT
ultimate	JJ
goal	NN
in	IN
life	NN
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
says	VBZ
,	,
``	``
Once	RB
they	PRP
were	VBD
married	VBN
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
like	IN
,	,
Okay	UH
,	,
done	VBN
.	.
'	''
''	''
She	PRP
eventually	RB
went	VBD
on	IN
a	DT
low	JJ
fat	JJ
diet	NN
,	,
watching	VBG
her	PRP$
fat	NN
and	CC
calorie	NN
intake	NN
,	,
but	CC
intended	VBD
to	TO
follow	VB
the	DT
plan	NN
only	RB
until	IN
she	PRP
reached	VBD
her	PRP$
goal	NN
weight	NN
,	,
then	RB
she	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
return	VB
to	TO
her	PRP$
old	JJ
habits	NNS
.	.
Height	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
charts	NNS
were	VBD
something	NN
she	PRP
despised	VBD
.	.
Her	PRP$
search	NN
for	IN
affection	NN
eventually	RB
lead	VBP
to	TO
an	DT
affair	NN
with	IN
a	DT
much	JJ
older	JJR
man	NN
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
regret	VB
it	PRP
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
It	PRP
changed	VBD
my	PRP$
life	NN
for	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
.	.
I	PRP
started	VBD
loving	VBG
myself	PRP
and	CC
my	PRP$
family	NN
more	RBR
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
getting	VBG
attention	NN
from	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
other	JJ
man	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
''	''
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
her	PRP$
food	NN
addiction	NN
changed	VBD
poles	NNS
and	CC
she	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
restrict	VB
food	NN
completely	RB
,	,
she	PRP
basically	RB
stopped	VBD
eating	VBG
.	.
Her	PRP$
goal	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
secure	VB
the	DT
love	NN
and	CC
attention	NN
from	IN
the	DT
older	JJR
man	NN
.	.
She	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
look	VB
like	IN
an	DT
adolescent	JJ
and	CC
become	VB
his	PRP$
``	``
daughter	NN
,	,
''	''
a	DT
relationship	NN
she	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
have	VB
with	IN
her	PRP$
husband	NN
.	.
The	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
affection	NN
from	IN
her	PRP$
childhood	NN
had	VBD
caught	VBN
up	RP
with	IN
her	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
kept	VBD
restricting	VBG
because	IN
she	PRP
believed	VBD
being	VBG
thinner	JJR
would	MD
make	VB
her	PRP$
so	RB
attractive	JJ
the	DT
man	NN
would	MD
always	RB
love	VB
her	PRP
.	.
Eventually	RB
,	,
she	PRP
learned	VBD
to	TO
play	VB
on	IN
his	PRP$
addiction	NN
to	TO
sex	NN
to	TO
satisfy	VB
her	PRP$
need	NN
for	IN
attention	NN
.	.
When	WRB
people	NNS
started	VBD
getting	VBG
worried	JJ
about	IN
her	PRP$
weight	NN
loss	NN
,	,
restricting	VBG
became	VBD
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
keeping	VBG
the	DT
world	NN
's	POS
attention	NN
.	.
Looking	VBG
back	RB
,	,
she	PRP
realizes	VBZ
,	,
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Restricting	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
what	WP
I	PRP
became	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
imagine	VB
myself	PRP
without	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
''	''
When	WRB
she	PRP
came	VBD
down	RP
with	IN
mono	NN
,	,
the	DT
doctor	NN
prescribed	VBN
steroids	NNS
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
saw	VBD
my	PRP$
body	NN
change	NN
overnight	RB
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
content	JJ
I	PRP
let	VBP
myself	PRP
eat	VB
more	RBR
.	.
''	''
She	PRP
continued	VBD
to	TO
eat	VB
low-fat	JJ
foods	NNS
,	,
but	CC
now	RB
she	PRP
ate	VBD
them	PRP
so	IN
she	PRP
could	MD
justify	VB
binging	NN
on	IN
snack	NN
foods	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
she	PRP
recovered	VBD
,	,
she	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
people	NNS
to	TO
see	VB
her	PRP$
eating	NN
``	``
naughty	JJ
''	''
foods	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
became	VBD
more	RBR
secretive	JJ
about	IN
what	WP
she	PRP
ate	VBD
.	.
After	IN
the	DT
hurricanes	NNS
struck	VBD
last	JJ
year	NN
,	,
she	PRP
began	VBD
eating	VBG
more	JJR
junk	NN
again	RB
.	.
She	PRP
felt	VBD
lonely	JJ
,	,
happy	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
home	NN
on	IN
the	DT
island	NN
again	RB
,	,
but	CC
depressed	VBD
because	IN
there	EX
was	VBD
no	DT
one	PRP
around	RB
and	CC
she	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
seeing	VBG
friends	NNS
very	RB
often	RB
.	.
She	PRP
focused	VBD
on	IN
not	RB
eating	VBG
instead	RB
of	IN
the	DT
depression	NN
.	.
Severely	RB
restricting	VBG
food	NN
changed	VBD
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
attention	NN
around	IN
.	.
She	PRP
explained	VBD
,	,
``	``
When	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
restricting	VBG
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
be	VB
around	IN
people	NNS
instead	RB
of	IN
feeling	NN
lonely	JJ
because	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
n't	RB
there	RB
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
''	''
Not	RB
eating	VBG
made	VBN
it	PRP
her	PRP$
choice	NN
to	TO
be	VB
alone	RB
.	.
``	``
Then	RB
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
feel	VB
like	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
loser	NN
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
understood	VBD
restricting	VBG
would	MD
kill	VB
me	PRP
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
feeling	VBG
suicidal	JJ
by	IN
that	DT
point	NN
.	.
''	''
Her	PRP$
salvation	NN
came	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
form	NN
of	IN
Park	NNP
Ridge	NNP
Hospital	NNP
in	IN
Fletcher	NNP
,	,
North	NNP
Carolina	NNP
.	.
When	WRB
she	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
HOPE	NNP
program	NN
at	IN
Park	NNP
Ridge	NNP
,	,
she	PRP
was	VBD
able	JJ
to	TO
turn	VB
control	NN
over	IN
to	TO
someone	NN
else	RB
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
trust	NN
myself	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
decisions	NNS
about	IN
food	NN
anymore	RB
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
explained	VBD
.	.
She	PRP
had	VBD
people	NNS
telling	VBG
her	PRP$
how	WRB
much	JJ
to	TO
eat	VB
but	CC
she	PRP
selected	VBD
the	DT
foods	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
different	JJ
from	IN
what	WP
she	PRP
had	VBD
heard	VBN
growing	VBG
up	RP
,	,
``	``
You	PRP
're	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
eat	VB
this	DT
and	CC
like	IN
it	PRP
,	,
''	''
or	CC
``	``
I	PRP
give	VBP
up	RP
,	,
make	VB
your	PRP$
own	JJ
food	NN
!	.
''	''
The	DT
people	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
were	VBD
willing	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
her	PRP
.	.
Now	RB
that	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
back	RB
at	IN
home	NN
,	,
she	PRP
follows	VBZ
a	DT
food	NN
plan	NN
from	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
.	.
She	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
obsess	VB
about	IN
the	DT
plan	NN
,	,
but	CC
uses	VBZ
it	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
guideline	NN
to	TO
make	VB
good	JJ
decisions	NNS
about	IN
what	WP
and	CC
when	WRB
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
The	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
still	RB
there	RB
,	,
it	PRP
just	RB
does	VBZ
n't	RB
have	VB
the	DT
control	NN
it	PRP
once	RB
did	VBD
.	.
Depression	NN
still	RB
produces	VBZ
a	DT
desire	NN
to	TO
restrict	VB
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
can	MD
fight	VB
it	PRP
now	RB
and	CC
stick	VB
with	IN
the	DT
plan	NN
.	.
She	PRP
still	RB
feels	VBZ
she	PRP
is	VBZ
expected	VBN
not	RB
to	TO
eat	VB
,	,
as	IN
if	IN
people	NNS
will	MD
look	VB
at	IN
her	PRP$
eating	NN
junk	NN
food	NN
and	CC
think	VB
,	,
``	``
Ah-ha	NN
,	,
she	PRP
's	VBZ
back	RB
to	TO
her	PRP$
old	JJ
eating	NN
habits	NNS
!	.
''	''
She	PRP
can	MD
eat	VB
junk	NN
food	NN
now	RB
because	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
able	JJ
to	TO
eat	VB
in	IN
moderation	NN
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
know	VBP
the	DT
desire	NN
's	POS
there	EX
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
Its	PRP$
probable	JJ
I	PRP
will	MD
relapse	VB
.	.
But	CC
knowing	VBG
my	PRP$
husband	NN
knows	VBZ
so	RB
much	JJ
about	IN
the	DT
disorder	NN
now	RB
will	MD
help	VB
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
the	DT
relapses	NNS
will	MD
get	VB
shorter	JJR
and	CC
less	JJR
dangerous	JJ
until	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
happen	VB
anymore	RB
.	.
''	''
She	PRP
concluded	VBD
,	,
``	``
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
setting	VBG
myself	PRP
up	RP
to	TO
fail	VB
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
just	RB
being	VBG
realistic	JJ
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
asked	VBD
her	PRP$
if	IN
she	PRP
had	VBD
anything	NN
she	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
clear	VB
up	RP
about	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
``	``
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
frustrating	JJ
things	NNS
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
replied	VBD
,	,
``	``
is	VBZ
that	IN
people	NNS
get	VBP
distorted	JJ
images	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
media	NNS
.	.
Anorexics	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
emaciated	JJ
14-year-olds	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
fetal	JJ
position	NN
.	.
When	WRB
people	NNS
say	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
'	''
they	PRP
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
ignored	VBN
.	.
People	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
look	VB
at	IN
weight	NN
as	IN
a	DT
determining	VBG
factor	NN
.	.
Just	RB
because	IN
a	DT
person	NN
is	VBZ
overweight	JJ
does	VBZ
n't	RB
mean	VB
they	PRP
are	VBP
n't	RB
anorexic	JJ
.	.
Anorexia	NNP
is	VBZ
looked	VBN
at	IN
as	IN
being	VBG
for	IN
young	JJ
,	,
thin	JJ
people	NNS
.	.
But	CC
older	JJR
anorexics	NNS
have	VBP
had	VBN
more	JJR
time	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
and	CC
gain	VB
weight	NN
so	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
start	VB
out	RP
heavier	JJR
.	.
Many	JJ
anorexics	NNS
die	VBP
before	IN
they	PRP
become	VBP
emaciated	JJ
because	IN
of	IN
upset	JJ
body	NN
functions	NNS
.	.
''	''
This	DT
was	VBD
true	JJ
in	IN
her	PRP$
case	NN
,	,
liver	NN
and	CC
kidney	NN
damage	NN
would	MD
have	VB
killed	VBN
her	PRP$
within	IN
weeks	NNS
if	IN
she	PRP
had	VBD
not	RB
been	VBN
admitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
hospital	NN
,	,
long	RB
before	IN
she	PRP
became	VBD
emaciated	JJ
.	.
``	``
What	WP
advice	NN
can	MD
you	PRP
give	VB
to	TO
people	NNS
who	WP
know	VBP
someone	NN
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
?	.
''	''
I	PRP
asked	VBD
.	.
She	PRP
replied	VBD
,	,
``	``
Learn	VB
people	NNS
's	POS
triggers	VBZ
.	.
When	WRB
people	NNS
stop	VBP
eating	VBG
,	,
find	VB
out	RP
what	WP
is	VBZ
wrong	JJ
in	IN
their	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Something	NN
has	VBZ
gone	VBN
wrong	JJ
somewhere	RB
and	CC
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
fixed	VBN
.	.
Eating	NNP
habits	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
good	JJ
indication	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
Try	VB
to	TO
get	VB
people	NNS
to	TO
open	VB
up	RP
and	CC
learn	VB
where	WRB
their	PRP$
true	JJ
source	NN
of	IN
pain	NN
is	VBZ
.	.
Be	VB
supportive	JJ
and	CC
attentive	JJ
.	.
Try	VB
to	TO
get	VB
through	IN
their	PRP$
layers	NNS
but	CC
remember	VBP
,	,
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
force	VB
people	NNS
to	TO
change	VB
.	.
If	IN
they	PRP
trust	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
will	MD
listen	VB
to	TO
them	PRP
and	CC
they	PRP
believe	VBP
you	PRP
are	VBP
willing	JJ
to	TO
help	VB
them	PRP
,	,
it	PRP
can	MD
make	VB
all	PDT
the	DT
difference	NN
.	.
When	WRB
my	PRP$
psychologist	NN
tried	VBD
so	RB
hard	JJ
to	TO
get	VB
me	PRP
into	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
,	,
it	PRP
started	VBD
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
before	IN
I	PRP
even	RB
got	VBD
there	RB
.	.
''	''
``	``
Do	VBP
n't	RB
ever	RB
oversimplify	VB
it	PRP
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
advises	VBZ
.	.
``	``
Do	VBP
n't	RB
say	VB
,	,
Just	RB
eat\/gain	JJ
weight\/lose	JJ
weight\/etc	NN
.	.
'	''
And	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
ever	RB
think	VB
its	PRP$
over	IN
and	CC
can	MD
be	VB
packed	VBN
away	RB
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
that	IN
easy	JJ
.	.
''	''
``	``
This	DT
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
story	NN
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
emphasized	VBD
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
need	NN
for	IN
attention	NN
that	WDT
drove	VBD
her	PRP
obsession	NN
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
``	``
There	EX
can	MD
be	VB
so	RB
many	JJ
other	JJ
reasons	NNS
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
says	VBZ
,	,
``	``
but	CC
if	IN
someone	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
disorder	NN
,	,
something	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
life	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
change	VB
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
26	CD
,	,
food	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
biggest	JJS
parts	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
for	IN
almost	RB
20	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
everyone	NN
had	VBD
the	DT
same	JJ
desire	NN
for	IN
food	NN
but	CC
could	MD
control	VB
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
thought	VBD
I	PRP
was	VBD
naughty	JJ
and	CC
had	VBD
no	DT
self	NN
control	NN
.	.
''	''
When	WRB
I	PRP
asked	VBD
what	WP
she	PRP
saw	VBD
happening	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
she	PRP
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
I	PRP
think	VBP
the	DT
future	NN
will	MD
see	VB
very	RB
fat	JJ
and	CC
very	RB
thin	JJ
people	NNS
,	,
especially	RB
in	IN
the	DT
young	JJ
.	.
An	DT
all	DT
or	CC
none	NN
society	NN
without	IN
moderation	NN
.	.
''	''
There	EX
's	VBZ
something	NN
to	TO
look	VB
forward	RB
to	TO
.	.
Someday	RB
,	,
maybe	RB
we	PRP
'll	MD
have	VB
a	DT
daughter	NN
.	.
Maybe	RB
we	PRP
'll	MD
pull	VB
out	RP
this	DT
interview	NN
and	CC
let	VB
her	PRP
read	VB
what	WP
her	PRP$
mom	NN
told	VBD
her	PRP$
dad	NN
that	IN
April	NNP
night	NN
in	IN
1997	CD
.	.
Maybe	RB
she	PRP
'll	MD
understand	VB
that	IN
parents	NNS
are	VBP
people	NNS
too	RB
.	.
Maybe	RB
we	PRP
'll	MD
understand	VB
her	PRP
a	DT
little	RB
better	RB
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
The	DT
interview	NN
concluded	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
closed	VBD
my	PRP$
notebook	NN
,	,
put	VBD
away	RP
my	PRP$
pen	NN
,	,
and	CC
thanked	VBD
my	PRP$
wife	NN
for	IN
opening	VBG
up	RP
to	TO
me	PRP
and	CC
letting	VBG
me	PRP
share	VB
her	PRP$
life	NN
story	NN
with	IN
you	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
name	NN
is	VBZ
Maria	NNP
\*	SYM
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
19	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
thousands	NNS
of	IN
friends	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
4.2	CD
G.P.A.	NNP
I	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
awesome	JJ
home	NN
life	NN
with	IN
family	NN
outings	NNS
almost	RB
every	DT
Sunday	NNP
.	.
My	PRP$
friends	NNS
think	VBP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
attractive	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
try	VBP
very	RB
hard	JJ
to	TO
make	VB
them	PRP
happy	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
six	CD
people	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
family	NN
:	:
my	PRP$
mom	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
dad	NN
and	CC
2	CD
brothers	NNS
and	CC
my	PRP$
sister	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
who	WP
's	VBZ
also	RB
my	PRP$
best	JJS
friend	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
live	VBP
at	IN
home	NN
even	RB
though	IN
I	PRP
go	VBP
to	TO
university	NN
.	.
I	PRP
exercise	VBP
with	IN
my	PRP$
sister	NN
every	DT
day	NN
for	IN
an	DT
hour	NN
or	CC
so	RB
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
in	IN
good	JJ
physical	JJ
health	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
mom	NN
and	CC
dad	NN
are	VBP
both	DT
doctors	NNS
and	CC
we	PRP
are	VBP
well	RB
ahead	RB
financially	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
life	NN
is	VBZ
perfect	JJ
.	.
What	WP
exactly	RB
are	VBP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
?	.
Simply	RB
speaking	NN
,	,
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
abnormal	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
A	DT
person	NN
who	WP
uses	VBZ
food	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
life	NN
stresses	VBZ
has	VBZ
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
The	DT
major	JJ
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
anorexia	JJ
nervosa	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
nervosa	NN
.	.
Symptoms	NNS
common	JJ
to	TO
both	DT
of	IN
these	DT
illnesses	NNS
include	VBP
:	:
excessive	JJ
exercise	NN
,	,
unusual	JJ
eating	JJ
habits	NNS
,	,
avoidance	NN
of	IN
restaurants	NNS
or	CC
eating	VBG
in	IN
public	JJ
,	,
frequent	JJ
weighing	VBG
and	CC
calorie	NN
counting	NN
,	,
perfectionist	NN
attitude	NN
,	,
and	CC
severe	JJ
self	NN
criticism	NN
.	.
The	DT
anorexic	JJ
shows	NNS
no	DT
know	VBP
physical	JJ
illness	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
explain	VB
weight	NN
loss	NN
.	.
Typically	RB
,	,
the	DT
bulimic	JJ
looks	VBZ
perfectly	RB
normal	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
outside	NN
.	.
Having	VBG
said	VBD
this	DT
,	,
the	DT
odd	JJ
thing	NN
about	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
is	VBZ
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
n't	RB
about	RB
eating	VBG
at	IN
all	DT
rather	RB
they	PRP
are	VBP
about	IN
a	DT
person	NN
.	.
A	DT
person	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
usually	RB
feels	VBZ
s\/he	NN
lacks	VBZ
control	NN
in	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
areas	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
thing	NN
s\/he	JJ
believes	VBZ
s\/he	NN
can	MD
control	VB
is	VBZ
food	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
very	RB
complex	JJ
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
Though	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
seem	VB
to	TO
be	VB
nothing	NN
but	CC
a	DT
dangerously	RB
obsessive	JJ
dietary	JJ
concern	NN
on	IN
the	DT
surface	NN
,	,
for	IN
most	JJS
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
deeper	JJR
emotional	JJ
conflicts	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
resolved	VBN
.	.
Now	RB
we	PRP
know	VBP
the	DT
basics	NNS
about	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
but	CC
how	WRB
do	VBP
we	PRP
recognize	VBP
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
:	:
simple	JJ
they	PRP
'll	MD
be	VB
really	RB
thin	JJ
.	.
WRONG	JJ
!	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
myth	NN
.	.
The	DT
truth	NN
is	VBZ
you	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
know	VB
everyone	NN
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
but	CC
when	WRB
you	PRP
do	VBP
there	EX
are	VBP
some	DT
guidelines	NNS
you	PRP
can	MD
follow	VB
when	WRB
you	PRP
extend	VBP
a	DT
helping	VBG
hand	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
worth	JJ
remembering	VBG
that	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
only	RB
a	DT
problem	NN
,	,
but	CC
an	DT
attempted	VBN
solution	NN
to	TO
a	DT
problem	NN
.	.
Each	DT
case	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
individual	JJ
one	CD
.	.
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
things	NNS
to	TO
remember	VB
:	:
there	EX
are	VBP
people	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
disordered	VBN
eating	VBG
that	DT
's	VBZ
right	JJ
people	NNS
not	RB
just	RB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
in	IN
life	NN
not	RB
to	TO
take	VB
responsibility	NN
for	IN
things	NNS
over	IN
which	WDT
we	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
power	NN
and	CC
to	TO
recognize	VB
those	DT
over	IN
which	WDT
we	PRP
do	VBP
.	.
Ultimately	RB
,	,
we	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
power	NN
over	IN
whether	IN
someone	NN
gets	VBZ
well	RB
,	,
wants	VBZ
to	TO
get	VB
well	RB
,	,
seeks	VBZ
help	NN
,	,
stays	VBZ
with	IN
help	NN
,	,
does	VBZ
n't	RB
eat	VB
tonight	RB
,	,
stops	VBZ
purging	VBG
,	,
or	CC
treats	VBZ
him\/herself	JJ
with	IN
respect	NN
and	CC
concern	NN
.	.
What	WP
we	PRP
do	VBP
have	VB
power	NN
over	IN
and	CC
what	WP
we	PRP
can	MD
take	VB
responsibility	NN
for	IN
is	VBZ
the	DT
choice	NN
to	TO
express	VB
our	PRP$
concern	NN
and	CC
our	PRP$
authentic	JJ
response	NN
to	TO
someone	NN
.	.
Although	IN
we	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
another	DT
person	NN
will	MD
receive	VB
our	PRP$
concern	NN
,	,
we	PRP
can	MD
still	RB
take	VB
responsibility	NN
for	IN
expressing	VBG
it	PRP
.	.
When	WRB
we	PRP
express	VBP
our	PRP$
concern	NN
,	,
we	PRP
are	VBP
wise	JJ
to	TO
speak	VB
of	IN
our	PRP$
own	JJ
experience	NN
rather	RB
than	IN
assume	VB
that	IN
we	PRP
know	VBP
what	WP
is	VBZ
true	JJ
or	CC
best	JJS
for	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
person	NN
.	.
Instead	RB
of	IN
saying	VBG
:	:
``	``
you	PRP
're	VBP
too	RB
thin	JJ
''	''
or	CC
``	``
you	PRP
need	VBP
help	NN
''	''
or	CC
``	``
you	PRP
are	VBP
n't	RB
eating	VBG
enough	RB
''	''
there	EX
are	VBP
alternatives	NNS
.	.
Why	WRB
do	VBP
n't	RB
you	PRP
say	VBP
,	,
``	``
I	PRP
care	VBP
about	IN
you	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
say	VB
to	TO
you	PRP
``	``
Stop	NNP
,	,
do	VBP
n't	RB
do	VB
it	PRP
''	''
But	CC
I	PRP
know	VBP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
that	IN
simple	JJ
.	.
Let	VB
's	POS
get	VB
some	DT
help	NN
.	.
''	''
Then	RB
there	EX
is	VBZ
the	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
the	DT
food	NN
itself	PRP
.	.
Here	RB
are	VBP
the	DT
do	VBP
n't	RB
's	POS
:	:
Do	VBP
n't	RB
try	VB
to	TO
force	VB
a	DT
person	NN
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
Meal	NN
times	NNS
are	VBP
``	``
sore	JJ
spots	NNS
''	''
for	IN
these	DT
people	NNS
.	.
Avoid	VB
commenting	VBG
on	IN
what	WP
anyone	NN
is	VBZ
eating	VBG
.	.
Forget	VB
conversations	NNS
about	IN
weight	NN
loss	NN
or	CC
weight	NN
gain	NN
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
you	PRP
must	MD
set	VB
limits	NNS
for	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
This	DT
ca	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
a	DT
life	NN
's	POS
work	NN
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Remember	VB
the	DT
old	JJ
adage	NN
care	NN
for	IN
the	DT
caregiver	NN
.	.
If	IN
we	PRP
think	VBP
about	IN
this	DT
,	,
it	PRP
means	VBZ
that	IN
if	IN
we	PRP
say	VBP
to	TO
someone	NN
,	,
``	``
No	UH
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
angry	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
help	VB
it	PRP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
love	VBP
you	PRP
,	,
''	''
we	PRP
are	VBP
saying	VBG
that	IN
we	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
angry	JJ
with	IN
him\/her	NN
and	CC
love	NN
her\/him	NN
anyway	RB
.	.
How	WRB
much	RB
more	RBR
honest	JJ
and	CC
ultimately	RB
healing	VBG
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
say	VB
``	``
Yes	UH
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
angry	JJ
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
frustrated	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
angry	JJ
because	IN
I	PRP
love	VBP
you	PRP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
see	VBP
you	PRP
treating	VBG
yourself	PRP
like	IN
this	DT
.	.
You	PRP
deserve	VBP
better	RB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
wish	VBP
you	PRP
believed	VBN
that	IN
!	.
''	''
Hi	NNS
...	:
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
where	WRB
this	DT
bit	NN
would	MD
``	``
belong	VB
''	''
on	IN
your	PRP$
web	NN
page	NN
,	,
if	IN
at	IN
all	DT
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
recovery	NN
from	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
as	IN
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
friend	NN
Cynthia	NNP
.	.
However	RB
,	,
Cynthia	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
are	VBP
currently	RB
taking	VBG
care	NN
of	IN
Caron	NNP
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
who	WP
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
ask	VB
you	PRP
about	IN
...	:
Instead	RB
she	PRP
continues	VBZ
to	TO
lose	VB
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
an	DT
array	NN
of	IN
medical	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
include	VBP
:	:
blurred	VBD
vision	NN
,	,
loss	NN
of	IN
bowel	NN
control	NN
,	,
muscle	NN
atrophy	NN
,	,
osteoporosis	NN
,	,
hypothermia	NN
,	,
low	JJ
blood	NN
pressure\/sugar	NN
and	CC
heart	NN
rate	NN
,	,
amenorrhea	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
Please	VB
post	NN
this	DT
or	CC
respond	VB
or	CC
do	VB
whatever	WDT
it	PRP
is	VBZ
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
completly	RB
out	IN
of	IN
resources	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
Canadian	JJ
,	,
by	IN
the	DT
way	NN
,	,
and	CC
refuses	VBZ
to	TO
go	VB
the	DT
the	DT
Montreux	NNP
Clinic	NNP
too	RB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
called	VBN
the	DT
police	NN
on	IN
her	PRP$
twice	RB
this	DT
past	JJ
month	NN
,	,
but	CC
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
feel	VB
anorexia	NN
is	VBZ
suicide	NN
,	,
so	IN
they	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
take	VB
her	PRP$
for	IN
treatment	NN
against	IN
her	PRP$
will	NN
.	.
And	CC
,	,
as	IN
you	PRP
know	VBP
,	,
the	DT
anorexic	JJ
stubborn	JJ
will	NN
is	VBZ
determined	VBN
to	TO
take	VB
this	DT
farther	RBR
&	CC
farther	RBR
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
become	VBN
more	RBR
paranoid	JJ
and	CC
confused	JJ
lately	RB
.	.
She	PRP
still	RB
makes	VBZ
herself	PRP
throw	VB
up	RP
the	DT
non-fat	JJ
frozen	JJ
yogurt	NN
she	PRP
eats	VBZ
after	IN
6pm	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
you	PRP
recognize	VBP
the	DT
ritual	NN
behavior	NN
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
sure	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
smoking	VBG
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
pot	NN
,	,
which	WDT
I	PRP
am	VBP
all	DT
for	IN
,	,
only	RB
because	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
in	IN
such	JJ
serious	JJ
physical	JJ
pain	NN
and	CC
the	DT
pot	NN
relaxes	VBZ
her	PRP$
and	CC
makes	VBZ
her	PRP$
time	NN
a	DT
least	JJS
tolerable	JJ
...	:
Her	PRP$
list	NN
of	IN
physical	JJ
ailments	NNS
continues	VBZ
.	.
But	CC
what	WP
is	VBZ
worse	JJR
is	VBZ
her	PRP$
constant	JJ
sadness	NN
and	CC
desperation	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
very	RB
stuck	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
``	``
victim	NN
''	''
role	NN
with	IN
the	DT
world	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
an	DT
awful	JJ
time	NN
trusting	JJ
anyone	NN
.	.
She	PRP
absolutely	RB
refuses	VBZ
to	TO
get	VB
medical	JJ
help	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
threatened	VBN
Cynthia	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
only	JJ
people	NNS
still	RB
willing	JJ
to	TO
take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
at	IN
this	DT
point	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	IN
if	IN
we	PRP
try	VBP
to	TO
involve	VB
the	DT
medical	JJ
or	CC
psychiatric	JJ
profession	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
she	PRP
will	MD
walk	VB
-	:
live	VB
on	IN
the	DT
streets	NNS
-	:
and	CC
,	,
as	IN
she	PRP
says	VBZ
,	,
be	VB
happier	JJR
as	IN
a	DT
hooker	NN
than	IN
as	IN
a	DT
patient	NN
.	.
I	PRP
realize	VBP
that	IN
sounds	VBZ
wild	JJ
-	:
it	PRP
is	VBZ
,	,
but	CC
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
very	RB
determined	VBN
and	CC
angry	JJ
and	CC
intent	NN
on	IN
not	RB
being	VBG
a	DT
patient	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
,	,
in	IN
quieter	JJR
moments	NNS
,	,
confessed	VBD
to	TO
me	PRP
that	IN
she	PRP
would	MD
practice	VB
``	``
every	DT
anorexic	JJ
trick	NN
in	IN
the	DT
book	NN
''	''
if	IN
she	PRP
were	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
forced	VBN
into	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
her	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
she	PRP
fears	VBZ
for	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
in	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
13	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
her	PRP$
disease	NN
.	.
Yet	RB
she	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
want	VB
the	DT
help	NN
that	IN
she	PRP
knows	VBZ
of	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
treatment	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
hospitals	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
She	PRP
says	VBZ
she	PRP
just	RB
wants	VBZ
to	TO
feel	VB
loved	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
give	VBP
her	PRP$
that	WDT
as	RB
much	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
humanly	RB
can	MD
,	,
but	CC
that	DT
love	NN
will	MD
not	RB
fix	VB
her	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
thought	VBD
she	PRP
could	MD
get	VB
this	DT
far	RB
.	.
Many	JJ
``	``
specialists	NNS
''	''
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
live	VBP
in	IN
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
,	,
by	IN
the	DT
way	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
have	VBP
talked	VBN
to	TO
me	PRP
and	CC
say	VB
she	PRP
should	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
walk	VB
around	RB
at	IN
this	DT
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
starting	VBG
to	TO
think	VB
that	IN
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
angel	NN
of	IN
some	DT
kind	NN
.	.
At	IN
this	DT
point	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
only	RB
able	JJ
to	TO
offer	VB
love	NN
to	TO
Caron	NNP
,	,
as	IN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
made	VBN
it	PRP
clear	JJ
that	IN
she	PRP
wants	VBZ
nothing	NN
else	RB
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
remind	VB
her	PRP$
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
lot	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	IN
she	PRP
can	MD
change	VB
her	PRP$
mind	NN
on	IN
that	DT
one	CD
...	:
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
we	PRP
are	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
setting	VBG
up	RP
a	DT
``	``
durable	JJ
power	NN
of	IN
attorney	NN
''	''
so	IN
that	IN
Cynthia	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
may	MD
``	``
pull	VB
the	DT
plug	NN
''	''
if	IN
Caron	NNP
goes	VBZ
into	IN
a	DT
hepatic	JJ
coma	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
very	RB
likely	JJ
thing	NN
at	IN
this	DT
point	NN
,	,
if	IN
her	PRP$
liver	NN
fails	VBZ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Caron	NNP
wants	VBZ
this	DT
.	.
I	PRP
guess	VBP
part	NN
of	IN
me	PRP
understands	VBZ
that	IN
...	:
while	IN
part	NN
of	IN
me	PRP
also	RB
screams	VBZ
:	:
but	CC
you	PRP
are	VBP
still	RB
ALIVE	RB
after	IN
all	DT
of	IN
this	DT
-	:
there	EX
has	VBZ
got	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
reason	NN
-	:
maybe	RB
you	PRP
should	MD
find	VB
out	RP
why	WRB
,	,
etc.	FW
Okay	UH
,	,
my	PRP$
new	JJ
friends	NNS
,	,
that	DT
is	VBZ
all	DT
for	IN
today	NN
.	.
I	PRP
apologize	VBP
for	IN
my	PRP$
week-long	JJ
silence	NN
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
no	DT
one	NN
was	VBD
stressed	VBN
out	RP
by	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
report	VB
on	IN
what	WP
is	VBZ
happening	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
thank	VBP
you	PRP
again	RB
with	IN
all	DT
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
for	IN
the	DT
kindness	NN
you	PRP
have	VBP
shared	VBN
with	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
treasure	NN
it	PRP
.	.
This	DT
decision	NN
of	IN
Life	NNP
Or	CC
Death	NNP
is	VBZ
up	RB
to	TO
Caron	NNP
,	,
as	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
up	RB
to	TO
all	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
DAILY	NNP
to	TO
choose	VB
life	NN
over	IN
death	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
the	DT
costume	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
or	CC
bulimia	NN
or	CC
anything	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Many	JJ
people	NNS
have	VBP
asked	VBN
about	IN
Peggy	NNP
Claude	NNP
Pierre	NNP
's	POS
Montreauz	NNP
Clinic	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Caron	NNP
knows	VBZ
about	IN
the	DT
Montreaux	NNP
Clinic	NNP
,	,
as	IN
do	VBP
I	PRP
,	,
and	CC
though	IN
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
actually	RB
from	IN
Canada	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
meaning	VBG
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
covered	VBN
on	IN
her	PRP$
health	NN
plan	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
...	:
she	PRP
says	VBZ
she	PRP
would	MD
never	RB
go	VB
there	RB
because	IN
she	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
be	VB
locked	VBN
up	RP
or	CC
``	``
treated	VBN
''	''
by	IN
anyone	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
convinced	VBN
that	IN
she	PRP
would	MD
lose	VB
control	NN
,	,
lose	VBP
independence	NN
,	,
and	CC
lose	VB
her	PRP$
identity	NN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
disease	NN
talking	VBG
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
so	RB
strong	JJ
right	RB
now	RB
that	IN
it	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
let	VB
anything	NN
else	RB
through	IN
.	.
As	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
imagine	VB
,	,
this	DT
shuts	VBZ
me	PRP
up	RP
right	RB
away	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
other	JJ
approach	NN
is	VBZ
pure	JJ
honesty	NN
-	:
my	PRP$
fear	NN
for	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
love	NN
for	IN
her	PRP
.	.
This	DT
seems	VBZ
to	TO
work	VB
a	DT
little	JJ
better	JJR
,	,
though	IN
she	PRP
still	RB
refuses	VBZ
treatment	NN
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
asks	VBZ
me	PRP
just	RB
to	TO
love	VB
&	CC
accept	VB
her	PRP
as	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
now	RB
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
all	DT
she	PRP
wants	VBZ
,	,
she	PRP
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
keep	VB
her	PRP$
calm	JJ
,	,
stress-free	JJ
,	,
and	CC
maybe	RB
the	DT
``	``
chance	NN
''	''
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
on	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
if	IN
she	PRP
can	MD
get	VB
better	JJR
on	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
anymore	RB
...	:
maybe	RB
when	WRB
she	PRP
was	VBD
heavier	JJR
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
now	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
So	RB
this	DT
is	VBZ
where	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
today	NN
.	.
Stuck	NNP
to	TO
simply	RB
love	VB
her	PRP
while	IN
she	PRP
actively	RB
chooses	VBZ
death	NN
by	IN
anorexia	NN
over	IN
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
never	RB
been	VBN
in	IN
such	JJ
a	DT
horrid	JJ
position	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
though	IN
I	PRP
work	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
myself	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
saw	VBD
her	PRP$
yesterday	NN
and	CC
she	PRP
asked	VBD
me	PRP
why	WRB
God	NNP
was	VBD
keeping	VBG
her	PRP$
alive	JJ
in	IN
so	RB
much	JJ
pain	NN
.	.
And	CC
she	PRP
asked	VBD
me	PRP
why	WRB
Cynthia	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
still	RB
love	VBP
her	PRP
,	,
because	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
``	``
such	JJ
a	DT
burden	NN
''	''
and	CC
``	``
brings	VBZ
so	RB
much	JJ
pain	NN
''	''
into	IN
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
know	VB
why	WRB
anyone	NN
cared	VBD
about	IN
her	PRP
,	,
because	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
family	NN
never	RB
has	VBZ
...	:
Hi	FW
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
got	VBD
your	PRP$
message	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
mostly	RB
agree	VBP
with	IN
you	PRP
.	.
A	DT
friend	NN
of	IN
mine	NN
at	IN
work	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
work	VBP
at	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
hospital	NN
,	,
ironically	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
also	RB
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
playing	VBG
the	DT
great	JJ
role	NN
of	IN
enabler	NN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
about	IN
that	DT
term	NN
,	,
intellectually	RB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
guess	VBP
not	RB
a	DT
whole	JJ
lot	NN
emotionally	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
problem	NN
with	IN
NOT	NNP
forcing	VBG
her	PRP
,	,
kicking	VBG
and	CC
screaming	VBG
,	,
to	TO
a	DT
hospital	NN
is	VBZ
:	:
people	NNS
have	VBP
tried	VBN
it	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
,	,
in	IN
fact	NN
,	,
have	VBP
tried	VBN
it	PRP
with	IN
a	DT
911	CD
call	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
Caron	NNP
simply	RB
walks	VBZ
away	RB
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
walked	VBN
out	IN
of	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
room	NN
before	RB
,	,
and	CC
has	VBZ
talked	VBN
her	PRP$
way	NN
out	IN
of	IN
an	DT
involuntary	JJ
committment	NN
,	,
and	CC
continues	VBZ
to	TO
convince	VB
her	PRP$
medical	JJ
doctor	NN
that	IN
she	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
benefit	VB
from	IN
being	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
.	.
Whenever	NNP
I	PRP
approach	VBP
this	DT
subject	NN
,	,
Caron	NNP
threatens	VBZ
to	TO
run	VB
away	RB
and	CC
live	VB
on	IN
the	DT
streets	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
she	PRP
is	VBZ
an	DT
adult	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
the	DT
`	``
right	NN
'	''
to	TO
do	VB
what	WP
she	PRP
wants	VBZ
-LRB-	-LRB-
not	RB
eating	VBG
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
says	VBZ
if	IN
she	PRP
were	VBD
forced	VBN
anywhere	RB
she	PRP
would	MD
escape	VB
and\/or	CC
use	VB
every	DT
trick	NN
in	IN
the	DT
book	NN
to	TO
keep	VB
her	PRP$
anorexia	NN
going	VBG
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
hospitalized	VBN
three	CD
times	NNS
and	CC
got	VBD
away	RP
with	IN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
stuff	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
legal	JJ
gaurdian	NN
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
also	RB
be	VB
responsbible	JJ
for	IN
her	PRP$
medical	JJ
bills	NNS
.	.
Guess	VB
what	WP
?	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
afford	VB
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
care	NN
she	PRP
needs	VBZ
.	.
So	RB
then	RB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
the	DT
evil	JJ
medical	JJ
guardian	NN
who	WP
ca	MD
n't	RB
pay	VB
.	.
But	CC
no	DT
therapist	NN
will	MD
see	VB
Caron	NNP
right	RB
now	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
she	PRP
would	MD
go	VB
herself	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
because	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
mentally	RB
unable	JJ
to	TO
respond	VB
to	TO
therapy	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
medically	RB
unstable	JJ
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
therapist	NN
's	POS
license	NN
would	MD
be	VB
at	IN
risk	NN
at	IN
this	DT
point	NN
.	.
I	PRP
consulted	VBD
about	IN
all	DT
of	IN
this	DT
with	IN
Carolyn	NNP
Costin	NNP
,	,
MFCC	NNP
,	,
who	WP
is	VBZ
a	DT
local	JJ
leader	NN
in	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
field	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
only	RB
one	CD
recovery	NN
center	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
NOT	RB
charge	VB
Caron	NNP
thousands	NNS
of	IN
dollars	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
place	NN
I	PRP
work	VBP
at	IN
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
costs	VBZ
one	CD
thousand	CD
dollars	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
that	DT
is	VBZ
in	IN
Atlanta	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
we	PRP
live	VBP
in	IN
California	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Catholic	NNP
recovery	NN
home	NN
.	.
The	DT
problem	NN
is	VBZ
,	,
Caron	NNP
refuses	VBZ
to	TO
go	VB
there	RB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
locked	VBN
unit	NN
so	IN
she	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
held	VBN
against	IN
her	PRP$
will	NN
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
can	MD
NOT	VB
travel	NN
in	IN
this	DT
medical	JJ
stage	NN
anyway	RB
.	.
The	DT
most	RBS
up-to-date	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
you	PRP
can	MD
decide	VB
to	TO
post	VB
or	CC
not	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
on	IN
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
that	IN
she	PRP
found	VBD
out	RP
about	IN
the	DT
Web	NNP
page	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
very	RB
angry	JJ
at	IN
me	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
feels	VBZ
betrayed	VBN
because	IN
she	PRP
thinks	VBZ
I	PRP
'm	VBP
``	``
plotting	VBG
''	''
to	TO
force	VB
her	PRP$
into	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
.	.
She	PRP
revamped	VBD
her	PRP$
threats	NNS
to	TO
run	VB
away	RB
if	IN
I	PRP
tried	VBD
anything	NN
.	.
I	PRP
spent	VBD
time	NN
in	IN
the	DT
middle	NN
of	IN
the	DT
night	NN
trying	VBG
to	TO
calm	VB
her	PRP$
down	NN
and	CC
explain	VB
my	PRP$
desire	NN
to	TO
help	VB
her	PRP
,	,
not	RB
hurt	VB
her	PRP
.	.
Caron	NNP
has	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
hard	JJ
time	NN
trusting	JJ
anyone	NN
because	IN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
so	RB
violently	RB
taken	VBN
advantage	NN
of	IN
in	IN
her	PRP$
past	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
give	VB
her	PRP$
copies	NNS
of	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
wonderful	JJ
,	,
supportive	JJ
e-mails	NNS
I	PRP
have	VBP
recieved	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
these	DT
will	MD
help	VB
her	PRP
see	VB
the	DT
love	NN
that	WDT
myself	PRP
and	CC
others	NNS
are	VBP
trying	VBG
to	TO
offer	VB
.	.
Please	VB
understand	VB
that	DT
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
very	RB
sick	JJ
and	CC
she	PRP
assumes	VBZ
everyone	NN
is	VBZ
out	IN
to	TO
hurt	VB
her	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
suspicious	JJ
of	IN
loving	JJ
,	,
kind	JJ
things	NNS
because	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
used	VBN
to	TO
them	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
scared	VBN
last	JJ
night	NN
about	IN
her	PRP$
health	NN
because	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
upset	JJ
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
much	RB
better	RBR
this	DT
morning	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
think	VBP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
going	VBG
to	TO
pass	VB
.	.
But	CC
there	EX
are	VBP
so	RB
many	JJ
`	``
close	JJ
calls	NNS
'	POS
like	IN
this	DT
with	IN
her	PRP
.	.
Whenever	NNP
something	NN
happens	VBZ
that	DT
is	VBZ
upsetting	VBG
,	,
Caron	NNP
falls	VBZ
apart	RB
and	CC
questions	NNS
her	PRP$
desire	NN
to	TO
live	VB
altogether	RB
.	.
I	PRP
understand	VBP
pain	NN
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
.	.
How	WRB
can	MD
I	PRP
possibly	RB
convince	VB
someone	NN
to	TO
live	VB
when	WRB
their	PRP$
experience	NN
of	IN
living	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
mostly	RB
painful	JJ
and	CC
traumatic	JJ
?	.
``	``
enabler	NN
''	''
rules	NNS
do	VBP
n't	RB
apply	VB
much	JJ
anymore	RB
in	IN
this	DT
situation	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
familiar	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
term	NN
and	CC
role	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
work	NN
at	IN
Rader	NNP
with	IN
family\/loved	JJ
ones	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
patients	NNS
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
could	MD
,	,
at	IN
this	DT
point	NN
,	,
not	RB
be	VB
supportive	JJ
or	CC
loving	JJ
at	IN
all	DT
and	CC
Caron	NNP
would	MD
continue	VB
her	PRP$
anorexia	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
hear	VBP
her	PRP$
disease	NN
talking	VBG
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
very	RB
little	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
real	JJ
Caron	NNP
left	VBD
.	.
Her	PRP$
disease	NN
talks	NNS
about	IN
feeling	VBG
fat	JJ
still	RB
,	,
even	RB
at	IN
this	DT
point	NN
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
no	DT
one	NN
cares	VBZ
or	CC
understands	VBZ
.	.
Her	PRP$
disease	NN
talks	NNS
about	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
pain	NN
that	IN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
gone	VBN
through	IN
and	CC
how	WRB
no	DT
one	NN
can	MD
be	VB
trusted	VBN
and	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
loveable	JJ
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
Every	DT
now	RB
and	CC
then	RB
the	DT
real	JJ
Caron	NNP
will	MD
tell	VB
me	PRP
she	PRP
is	VBZ
scared	VBN
.	.
But	CC
even	RB
the	DT
real	JJ
Caron	NNP
will	MD
argue	VB
with	IN
me	PRP
that	IN
treatment	NN
centers\/hospitals	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
the	DT
answer	NN
because	IN
she	PRP
will	MD
simply	RB
work	VB
harder	JJR
to	TO
destroy	VB
herself	PRP
in	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Yesterday	NN
she	PRP
was	VBD
talking	VBG
about	IN
running	VBG
away	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
we	PRP
had	VBD
n't	RB
threatened	VBN
her	PRP$
this	DT
time	NN
even	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
just	RB
because	IN
she	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
burden	NN
Cynthia	NNP
or	CC
me	PRP
anymore	RB
.	.
We	PRP
assured	VBD
her	PRP$
that	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
a	DT
burden	NN
and	CC
we	PRP
loved	VBD
her	PRP
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
if	IN
she	PRP
ran	VBD
away	RB
we	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
more	RBR
``	``
burdened	VBN
''	''
with	IN
worry	NN
.	.
She	PRP
stayed	VBD
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
repeated	VBD
over	IN
&	CC
over	IN
to	TO
us	PRP
about	IN
NOT	NNP
going	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
help	NN
.	.
Not	RB
to	TO
the	DT
Montreaux	NNP
Clinic	NNP
,	,
specifically	RB
,	,
she	PRP
said	VBD
.	.
She	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
trust	VB
any	DT
of	IN
these	DT
methods	NNS
and	CC
thinks	VBZ
she	PRP
'll	MD
die	VB
if	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
forced	VBN
against	IN
her	PRP$
will	NN
,	,
simply	RB
because	IN
she	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
so	RB
upset	JJ
that	IN
her	PRP$
body	NN
would	MD
give	VB
up	RP
along	IN
with	IN
her	PRP$
...	:
Ironic	NNP
,	,
huh	NN
?	.
We	PRP
all	DT
think	VBP
that	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
she	PRP
'll	MD
live	VB
.	.
She	PRP
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
she	PRP
KNOWS	VBZ
that	IN
she	PRP
would	MD
die	VB
in	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
because	IN
she	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
live	VB
there	RB
.	.
Yes	RB
--	:
I	PRP
am	VBP
also	RB
still	RB
in	IN
contact	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Leeza	NNP
Show	NNP
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
planning	VBG
on	IN
doing	VBG
an	DT
update	VBP
next	JJ
season	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
they	PRP
are	VBP
done	VBN
for	IN
this	DT
season	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
but	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
afraid	JJ
Caron	NNP
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
around	IN
for	IN
another	DT
show	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
meantime	NN
,	,
we	PRP
are	VBP
actually	RB
talking	VBG
with	IN
The	DT
Maury	NNP
Povich	NNP
show	VBP
about	IN
doing	VBG
something	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
also	RB
had	VBD
two	CD
out-of-body	JJ
experiences	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
she	PRP
describes	VBZ
them	PRP
that	DT
way	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
a	DT
high	JJ
fever	NN
.	.
Yet	RB
she	PRP
keeps	VBZ
fighting	VBG
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
talking	VBG
recently	RB
about	IN
starting	VBG
up	RP
a	DT
recovery	NN
center	NN
to	TO
help	VB
severe	JJ
anorexics	NNS
like	IN
herself	PRP
.	.
While	IN
I	PRP
support	VBP
her	PRP$
dreams	NNS
,	,
and	CC
know	VB
they	PRP
are	VBP
important	JJ
for	IN
her	PRP$
to	TO
keep	VB
fighting	VBG
,	,
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
ignore	VB
the	DT
irony	NN
that	IN
she	PRP
wants	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
others	NNS
but	CC
not	RB
herself	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
makes	VBZ
me	PRP
very	RB
sad	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
powerless	JJ
over	IN
this	DT
tiny	JJ
woman	NN
because	IN
her	PRP$
anorexia	NN
has	VBZ
grown	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
so	RB
large	JJ
.	.
Just	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
check	VB
in	IN
.	.
First	RB
,	,
I	PRP
adore	VBP
the	DT
memorial	NN
site	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
setting	VBG
up	RP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
passionate	JJ
and	CC
inspirational	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
think	VBP
will	MD
have	VB
a	DT
strong	JJ
impact	NN
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
effected	VBN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
hope	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
will	MD
send	VB
names	NNS
&	CC
stories	NNS
of	IN
loved	VBN
ones	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
died	VBN
to	TO
put	VB
a	DT
face	NN
and	CC
SOUL	NN
on	IN
this	DT
disease	NN
.	.
I	PRP
remain	VBP
full	JJ
of	IN
hope	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
hanging	VBG
in	IN
there	RB
,	,
fighting	VBG
for	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
every	DT
day	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
throwing	VBG
up	RP
blood	NN
,	,
which	WDT
she	PRP
believes	VBZ
is	VBZ
a	DT
sign	NN
from	IN
God	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
though	IN
she	PRP
says	VBZ
she	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
know	VB
what	WP
the	DT
message	NN
is	VBZ
yet	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
hard	JJ
time	NN
swallowing	VBG
now	RB
.	.
Her	PRP$
throat	NN
is	VBZ
torn	VBN
up	RB
from	IN
the	DT
self-induced	JJ
vomiting	NN
and	CC
that	DT
is	VBZ
causing	VBG
open	JJ
sores	NNS
internally	RB
to	TO
bleed	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
hence	RB
her	PRP$
throwing	VBG
up	RP
blood	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
making	VBG
it	PRP
very	RB
painful	JJ
for	IN
her	PRP$
to	TO
swallow	VB
anything	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
skin	NN
color	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
become	VBN
quite	RB
disturbing	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
yellow-grey	JJ
color	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
become	VBN
used	VBN
to	TO
it	PRP
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
realize	VBP
it	PRP
still	RB
shocks	NNS
people	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
n't	RB
seen	VBN
her	PRP$
in	IN
a	DT
while	NN
.	.
On	IN
the	DT
brighter	JJ
side	NN
,	,
she	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
lot	NN
more	JJR
energy	NN
these	DT
days	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
making	VBG
plans	NNS
to	TO
publish	VB
her	PRP$
writing	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
she	PRP
writes	VBZ
poetry	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
wants	VBZ
to	TO
do	VB
another	DT
talk	NN
show	NN
.	.
She	PRP
still	RB
talks	VBZ
about	IN
opening	VBG
a	DT
recovery	NN
center	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
still	RB
fighting	VBG
strong	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
chest	NN
pains	NNS
and	CC
her	PRP$
doctor	NN
wants	VBZ
to	TO
do	VB
an	DT
EKG	NNP
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
feel	VB
like	IN
she	PRP
``	``
deserves	VBZ
''	''
it	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
because	IN
he	PRP
'd	MD
do	VB
it	PRP
for	IN
free	JJ
,	,
she	PRP
has	VBZ
no	DT
money	NN
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
knows	VBZ
how	WRB
expensive	JJ
they	PRP
are	VBP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Cynthia	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
are	VBP
desperately	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
convince	VB
her	PRP$
otherwise	RB
.	.
however	RB
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
they	PRP
did	VBD
one	CD
and	CC
found	VBD
something	NN
wrong	JJ
,	,
she	PRP
'd	MD
refuse	VB
to	TO
be	VB
treated	VBN
for	IN
it	PRP
...	:
so	RB
...	:
it	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
difficult	JJ
thing	NN
.	.
She	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
okay	JJ
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
whole	JJ
thing	NN
has	VBZ
scared	VBN
Caron	NNP
a	DT
lot	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
raised	VBD
my	PRP$
blood	NN
pressure	NN
a	DT
bit	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Ironic	JJ
how	WRB
Caron	NNP
has	VBZ
managed	VBN
to	TO
stay	VB
out	IN
of	IN
hospitals	NNS
,	,
yet	RB
Cynthia	NNP
's	POS
health	NN
is	VBZ
n't	RB
holding	VBG
up	RP
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
very	RB
helpless	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
make	VB
Caron	NNP
's	POS
fears	NNS
go	VBP
away	RB
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
I	PRP
reassure	VBP
her	PRP$
that	WDT
Cynthia	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
fine	JJ
...	:
Caron	NNP
thinks	VBZ
this	DT
might	MD
be	VB
her	PRP$
fault	NN
because	IN
Cynthia	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
under	IN
so	RB
much	JJ
stress	NN
taking	VBG
care	NN
of	IN
Caron	NNP
.	.
Of	IN
couse	NN
I	PRP
told	VBD
her	PRP
it	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
,	,
but	CC
Caron	NNP
feels	VBZ
guilty	JJ
for	IN
breathing	VBG
these	DT
days	NNS
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
certain	JJ
moods	NNS
she	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
talked	VBN
out	IN
of	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
afraid	JJ
of	IN
what	WP
the	DT
real	JJ
and	CC
imagined	VBD
stress	NN
that	IN
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
dealing	VBG
with	IN
will	MD
do	VB
to	TO
her	PRP$
fragile	JJ
body	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
holding	VBG
tight	RB
.	.
We	PRP
're	VBP
just	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
have	VB
to	TO
pull	VB
through	IN
this	DT
one	CD
...	:
Cynthia	NNP
should	MD
be	VB
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
in	IN
a	DT
couple	NN
days	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
check	VBP
in	IN
with	IN
Caron	NNP
constantly	RB
,	,
but	CC
there	EX
are	VBP
n't	RB
enough	JJ
words	NNS
to	TO
comfort	NN
her	PRP$
right	NN
now	RB
.	.
Hi	NNS
...	:
it	PRP
's	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
very	RB
tough	JJ
week	NN
.	.
Cynthia	NNP
is	VBZ
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
going	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
okay	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
surgery	NN
in	IN
the	DT
future	JJ
but	CC
for	IN
now	RB
just	RB
needs	VBZ
rest	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
extremely	RB
distressed	JJ
over	IN
Cynthia	NNP
's	POS
sickness	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
took	VBD
syrup	NN
of	IN
Ipecac	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
posion	NN
abused	VBN
by	IN
bulimics	NNS
sometimes	RB
to	TO
induce	VB
vomiting	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
while	IN
Cynthia	NNP
was	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
because	IN
she	PRP
felt	VBD
she	PRP
deserved	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
punished	VBN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
,	,
Caron	NNP
was	VBD
sick	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
dog	NN
all	DT
day	NN
long	RB
and	CC
her	PRP$
body	NN
took	VBD
a	DT
huge	JJ
blow	NN
.	.
This	DT
added	VBD
deterioation	NN
has	VBZ
caused	VBN
Caron	NNP
to	TO
lose	VB
blood	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
she	PRP
vomits	VBZ
blood	NN
daily	RB
now	RB
due	JJ
to	TO
tears	NNS
in	IN
her	PRP$
esophogous	NN
from	IN
the	DT
vomiting	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
She	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
afford	VB
to	TO
lose	VB
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
blood	NN
,	,
as	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
imagine	VB
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
bruised	VBN
easily	RB
for	IN
a	DT
while	NN
now	RB
,	,
because	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
anemic	JJ
,	,
but	CC
since	IN
she	PRP
took	VBD
Ipecac	NNP
she	PRP
has	VBZ
developed	VBN
HUGE	JJ
bruises	NNS
on	IN
her	PRP$
legs	NNS
that	WDT
look	VBP
like	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
hit	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
baseball	NN
bat	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
they	PRP
are	VBP
very	RB
dark	JJ
and	CC
large	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
due	JJ
to	TO
weak	JJ
capallaries	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
blood	NN
platelets	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
bleed	VB
internally	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
that	DT
's	VBZ
what	WP
bruising	VBG
is	VBZ
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
losing	VBG
more	JJR
blood	NN
.	.
With	IN
her	PRP$
cuts	NNS
in	IN
her	PRP$
throat	NN
and	CC
the	DT
bruising	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
hard	JJ
to	TO
tell	VB
how	WRB
much	JJ
blood	NN
she	PRP
can	MD
tolerate	VB
losing	VBG
...	:
her	PRP$
blood	NN
pressure	NN
has	VBZ
dropped	VBN
considerabably	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
scared	VBN
.	.
Her	PRP$
body	NN
is	VBZ
fighting	VBG
to	TO
stay	VB
alive	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
told	VBN
by	IN
doctors	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
body	NN
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
let	VB
things	NNS
go	VB
that	DT
are	VBP
not	RB
``	``
vital	JJ
''	''
to	TO
her	PRP$
heart	NN
beating	NN
.	.
Eventually	RB
,	,
though	RB
,	,
the	DT
body	NN
will	MD
eat	VB
the	DT
brain	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
organs	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
keep	VB
itself	PRP
going	VBG
.	.
The	DT
body	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
organism	NN
that	WDT
simply	RB
wants	VBZ
to	TO
live	VB
,	,
and	CC
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
testimony	NN
to	TO
that	DT
wonder	NN
.	.
The	DT
anorexia	NN
is	VBZ
very	RB
powerful	JJ
at	IN
this	DT
point	NN
,	,
obviously	RB
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
waging	VBG
a	DT
war	NN
like	IN
I	PRP
've	VBP
never	RB
seen	VBN
before	IN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
what	WP
to	TO
do	VB
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
think	VB
there	EX
is	VBZ
anything	NN
I	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
.	.
I	PRP
wish	VBP
I	PRP
had	VBD
something	NN
positive	JJ
to	TO
offer	VB
you	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
like	IN
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
comfort	NN
everyone	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
written	VBN
me	PRP
and	CC
has	VBZ
read	VBN
this	DT
page	NN
...	:
Please	UH
know	VB
I	PRP
have	VBP
not	RB
given	VBN
up	RP
.	.
As	RB
long	RB
as	IN
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
fighting	VBG
then	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
,	,
with	IN
a	DT
billion	CD
times	NNS
more	RBR
energy	NN
and	CC
hope	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
moved	VBD
out	RB
of	IN
Cynthia	NNP
's	POS
house	NN
today	NN
,	,
to	TO
an	DT
apartment	NN
across	IN
the	DT
street	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
glad	JJ
she	PRP
is	VBZ
so	RB
close	JJ
to	TO
Cynthia	NNP
but	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
worried	VBN
about	IN
her	PRP$
living	NN
on	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
Her	PRP$
health	NN
continues	VBZ
to	TO
deterioate	VB
...	:
she	PRP
has	VBZ
non-stop	JJ
bone	NN
pain	NN
,	,
joint	JJ
pain	NN
,	,
and	CC
muscle	NN
pain	NN
from	IN
the	DT
malnutrition	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
body	NN
is	VBZ
slowly	RB
eating	VBG
itself	PRP
.	.
Cynthia	NNP
is	VBZ
also	RB
having	VBG
problems	NNS
with	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
anorexia	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
under	IN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
stress	NN
,	,
raising	VBG
a	DT
four	CD
year	NN
old	JJ
,	,
caring	VBG
for	IN
Caron	NNP
,	,
and	CC
dealing	VBG
with	IN
a	DT
shakey	NN
marriage	NN
.	.
Cynthia	NNP
is	VBZ
so	RB
selfless	JJ
,	,
she	PRP
neglects	VBZ
herself	PRP
to	TO
care	VB
for	IN
others	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
common	JJ
trait	NN
of	IN
anorexics	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Caron	NNP
does	VBZ
the	DT
same	JJ
thing	NN
-	:
and	CC
so	IN
the	DT
two	CD
of	IN
them	PRP
get	VB
together	RB
and	CC
try	VB
to	TO
nurture	VB
each	DT
other	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
tearing	VBG
me	PRP
apart	RB
to	TO
watch	VB
them	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
love	VBP
each	DT
other	JJ
and	CC
have	VBP
beautiful	JJ
intentions	NNS
,	,
but	CC
neither	DT
of	IN
them	PRP
are	VBP
taking	VBG
care	NN
of	IN
themselves	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
at	IN
a	DT
complete	JJ
LOSS	NN
of	IN
what	WP
to	TO
do	VB
...	:
Cynthia	NNP
does	VBZ
have	VB
a	DT
therapist	NN
and	CC
doctor	NN
and	CC
nutritionist	NN
,	,
so	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
supported	VBN
by	IN
professionals	NNS
.	.
Caron	NNP
,	,
though	RB
,	,
remains	VBZ
stubbornly	RB
against	IN
treatment	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
willing	JJ
to	TO
tolerate	VB
extreme	JJ
pain	NN
rather	RB
than	IN
see	VB
a	DT
doctor	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
doing	VBG
okay	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
no	DT
new	JJ
health	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
same	JJ
ones	NNS
continue	VBP
to	TO
wear	VB
her	PRP$
down	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
...	:
she	PRP
has	VBZ
started	VBN
a	DT
support	NN
group	NN
for	IN
other	JJ
anorexics	NNS
and	CC
has	VBZ
moved	VBN
into	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
apartment	NN
accross	IN
the	DT
street	NN
from	IN
Cynthia	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
cooking	VBG
a	DT
lot	NN
lately	RB
.	.
She	PRP
bakes	VBZ
and	CC
makes	VBZ
jewlery	NN
and	CC
drinks	NNS
coffee	NN
during	IN
the	DT
day	NN
.	.
She	PRP
says	VBZ
she	PRP
has	VBZ
binged	VBN
and	CC
purged	VBN
a	DT
couple	NN
times	NNS
this	DT
past	JJ
week	NN
.	.
But	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
in	IN
good	JJ
spirits	NNS
...	:
we	PRP
laughed	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
yesterday	NN
.	.
Cynthia	NNP
is	VBZ
still	RB
relapsing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
her	PRP$
doctors	NNS
are	VBP
trying	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
her	PRP$
into	IN
a	DT
day	NN
patient	NN
program	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
says	VBZ
she	PRP
is	VBZ
understanding	VBG
what	WP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
like	IN
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
watch	VB
her	PRP$
get	VB
sick	JJ
,	,
because	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
watching	VBG
Cynthia	NNP
now	RB
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
see	VBP
them	PRP
both	DT
,	,
two	CD
skeletal	JJ
beautiful	JJ
sad	JJ
ladies	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
feel	VBP
horribably	RB
helpless	JJ
.	.
Cynthia	NNP
is	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
again	RB
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
on	IN
a	DT
feeding	NN
tube	NN
.	.
She	PRP
needs	VBZ
to	TO
gain	VB
weight	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
attend	VB
a	DT
day	NN
program	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
truly	RB
scary	JJ
to	TO
see	VB
her	PRP$
--	:
how	WRB
she	PRP
devotes	VBZ
so	RB
much	JJ
of	IN
her	PRP$
precious	JJ
energy	NN
to	TO
helping	VBG
Caron	NNP
,	,
yet	RB
she	PRP
is	VBZ
neglecting	VBG
herself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
this	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
common	JJ
trap	NN
for	IN
us	PRP
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
personalities	NNS
:	:
to	TO
take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
everyone	NN
else	RB
and	CC
ignore	VB
ourselves	PRP
.	.
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
worried	JJ
and	CC
upset	JJ
seeing	VBG
Cynthia	NNP
in	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
bed	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
frightened	JJ
of	IN
losing	VBG
BOTH	DT
of	IN
them	PRP
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
saw	VBD
Caron	NNP
at	IN
her	PRP$
apartment	NN
today	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
good	JJ
spirits	NNS
:	:
energetically	RB
showing	VBG
me	PRP
around	IN
her	PRP$
new	JJ
home	NN
,	,
which	WDT
she	PRP
has	VBZ
decorated	VBN
with	IN
positive	JJ
messages	NNS
,	,
angels	NNS
,	,
and	CC
pictures	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
her	PRP$
friends	NNS
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
know	VBP
Cynthia	NNP
being	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
has	VBZ
taken	VBN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
toll	NN
on	IN
her	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
wearing	VBG
a	DT
tee	NN
shirt	NN
and	CC
looked	VBD
so	RB
very	RB
frail	JJ
and	CC
breakable	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
felt	VBD
terribably	RB
sad	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
heal	VB
her	PRP$
desperately	RB
.	.
Cynthia	NNP
remains	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
on	IN
the	DT
feeding	VBG
tube	NN
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
will	MD
get	VB
out	RP
after	IN
this	DT
weekend	NN
and	CC
go	VB
to	TO
a	DT
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
center	NN
in	IN
Malibu	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
an	DT
excellent	JJ
place	NN
with	IN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
and	CC
strong	JJ
staff	NN
.	.
Cynthia	NNP
,	,
despite	IN
being	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
bed	NN
,	,
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
she	PRP
is	VBZ
worried	VBN
about	IN
Caron	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Cynthia	NNP
is	VBZ
never	RB
concerned	VBN
about	IN
herself	PRP
-	:
very	RB
typical	JJ
anorexic	JJ
logic	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Caron	NNP
will	MD
have	VB
a	DT
hard	JJ
time	NN
with	IN
Cynthia	NNP
away	RB
for	IN
30	CD
days	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
though	IN
we	PRP
will	MD
visit	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
think	VBP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
Caron	NNP
rely	VB
on	IN
herself	PRP
.	.
Am	VBP
I	PRP
being	VBG
too	RB
hopeful	JJ
?	.
If	IN
Caron	NNP
relies	VBZ
on	IN
herself	PRP
she	PRP
might	MD
not	RB
try	VB
to	TO
take	VB
ANY	NNP
care	NN
of	IN
herself	PRP
...	:
or	CC
maybe	RB
she	PRP
will	MD
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
and	CC
unfortunately	RB
,	,
as	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
learning	VBG
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
my	PRP$
choice	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
up	RB
to	TO
Caron	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
worried	VBN
about	IN
Cynthia	NNP
,	,
though	RB
at	IN
least	JJS
she	PRP
is	VBZ
seeking	VBG
and	CC
receiving	VBG
professional	JJ
help	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
worried	VBN
about	IN
Caron	NNP
because	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
always	RB
worried	VBN
about	IN
Caron	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
feels	VBZ
like	IN
a	DT
natural	JJ
state	NN
to	TO
me	PRP
now	RB
.	.
Her	PRP$
health	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
same	JJ
-	:
but	CC
she	PRP
mentioned	VBD
to	TO
me	PRP
that	IN
she	PRP
thinks	VBZ
she	PRP
is	VBZ
dropping	VBG
in	IN
weight	NN
again	RB
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
n't	RB
sure	JJ
and	CC
wo	MD
n't	RB
see	VB
a	DT
doctor	NN
to	TO
even	RB
get	VB
weighed	VBN
at	IN
this	DT
point	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
think	VB
she	PRP
even	RB
wants	VBZ
to	TO
know	VB
anymore	RB
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
fighting	VBG
so	RB
hard	RB
,	,
though	IN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
decorated	VBN
her	PRP$
apartment	NN
with	IN
all	DT
sorts	NNS
of	IN
angels	NNS
and	CC
positive	JJ
things	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
cooking	VBG
a	DT
lot	NN
and	CC
having	VBG
a	DT
bake	JJ
sale	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
she	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
great	JJ
cook	NN
of	IN
course	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
And	CC
Cynthia	NNP
is	VBZ
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
,	,
and	CC
living	VBG
at	IN
home	NN
for	IN
a	DT
couple	NN
weeks	NNS
until	IN
she	PRP
starts	VBZ
treatment	NN
in	IN
Malibu	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
month	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
taking	VBG
good	JJ
care	NN
and	CC
staying	VBG
strong	JJ
&	CC
reliable	JJ
&	CC
patient	JJ
.	.
Caron	NNP
was	VBD
interviewed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
woman	NN
writing	VBG
a	DT
book	NN
recently	RB
and	CC
is	VBZ
still	RB
writing	VBG
her	PRP$
own	JJ
creative	JJ
works	NNS
.	.
Her	PRP$
spirit	NN
is	VBZ
amazing	JJ
.	.
Her	PRP$
body	NN
is	VBZ
amazing	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
everyone	NN
who	WP
knows	VBZ
or	CC
has	VBZ
heard	VBN
of	IN
Caron	NNP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
understand	VB
how	WRB
she	PRP
is	VBZ
still	RB
living	VBG
-LRB-	-LRB-
much	RB
less	JJR
walking	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
something	NN
amazing	JJ
at	IN
work	NN
here	RB
that	IN
perhaps	RB
we	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
understand	VB
...	:
Everyone	NN
responded	VBD
with	IN
hope	NN
.	.
Those	DT
that	WDT
could	MD
be	VB
there	RB
in	IN
person	NN
,	,
dropped	VBD
whatever	WDT
they	PRP
were	VBD
doing	VBG
that	DT
day	NN
and	CC
came	VBD
,	,
those	DT
that	WDT
could	MD
n't	RB
,	,
asked	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
specifically	RB
mentioned	VBN
that	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
there	RB
in	IN
spirit	NN
.	.
We	PRP
did	VBD
some	DT
quick	JJ
planning	NN
,	,
we	PRP
were	VBD
afraid	JJ
that	IN
Caron	NNP
would	MD
panic	VB
if	IN
she	PRP
knew	VBD
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
managed	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
her	PRP$
alone	JJ
in	IN
her	PRP$
apartment	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
VERY	RB
tense	JJ
,	,
emotional	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
We	PRP
read	VBP
love	NN
letters	NNS
to	TO
her	PRP$
and	CC
talked	VBD
about	IN
how	WRB
she	PRP
has	VBZ
effected	VBN
us	PRP
and	CC
how	WRB
afraid	JJ
we	PRP
are	VBP
for	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Though	IN
we	PRP
know	VBP
she	PRP
is	VBZ
fearful	JJ
of	IN
hospitals	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
begged	VBD
her	PRP
to	TO
come	VB
with	IN
us	PRP
to	TO
a	DT
local	JJ
emergency	NN
room	NN
to	TO
get	VB
checked	VBN
out	RP
.	.
After	IN
much	JJ
negotiation	NN
and	CC
tears	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
escorted	VBD
Caron	NNP
,	,
surrounding	VBG
her	PRP$
with	IN
our	PRP$
support	NN
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
e.r.	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
is	VBZ
something	NN
I	PRP
never	RB
thought	VBD
we	PRP
could	MD
get	VB
her	PRP
to	TO
agree	VB
with	IN
,	,
but	CC
we	PRP
actually	RB
did	VBD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
test	NN
results	NNS
showed	VBD
nothing	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
require	VB
immediate	JJ
hosptialization	NN
or	CC
immediate	JJ
medical	JJ
attention	NN
.	.
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
her	PRP$
vitals	NNS
are	VBP
normal	JJ
,	,
her	PRP$
blood	NN
&	CC
urine	NN
fine	NN
,	,
and	CC
her	PRP$
EKG	NNP
stable	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
shocked	VBN
.	.
All	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
were	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
think	VBP
even	RB
Caron	NNP
was	VBD
.	.
The	DT
professional	JJ
interventionist	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
working	VBG
with	IN
us	PRP
noted	VBD
that	IN
this	DT
meant	VBN
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
medically	RB
stable	JJ
and	CC
can	MD
go	VB
to	TO
a	DT
treatment	NN
center	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
scholarship	NN
for	IN
Caron	NNP
for	IN
$	$
60,000	CD
at	IN
Remuda	NNP
Ranch	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
is	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
nice	JJ
private	JJ
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
center	NN
in	IN
Arizona	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
waiting	VBG
.	.
But	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
voluntary	JJ
unit	NN
,	,
and	CC
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
refusing	VBG
to	TO
go	VB
.	.
We	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
make	VB
her	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
go	VB
,	,
period	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
IS	VBZ
following	VBG
through	RP
with	IN
her	PRP$
doctor	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
medical	JJ
side	NN
of	IN
things	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
otherwise	RB
not	RB
in	IN
any	DT
treatment	NN
,	,
refusing	VBG
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
Remuda	NNP
Ranch	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
one	PRP
must	MD
sign	VB
up	RP
for	IN
voluntarily	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
But	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
tryinga	JJ
little	JJ
bit	NN
,	,
leading	VBG
a	DT
support	NN
group	NN
and	CC
attending	VBG
groups	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
decorating	VBG
her	PRP$
apartment	NN
and	CC
selling	VBG
her	PRP$
baked	JJ
goods	NNS
;	:
and	CC
her	PRP$
spirit	NN
continues	VBZ
to	TO
thrive	VB
.	.
We	PRP
were	VBD
all	DT
surprised	JJ
that	DT
Caron	NNP
's	POS
tests	NNS
were	VBD
okay	JJ
...	:
but	CC
Caron	NNP
's	POS
medical	JJ
tests	NNS
are	VBP
probably	RB
normal	JJ
because	IN
the	DT
human	JJ
body	NN
can	MD
create	VB
a	DT
homeostasis	NN
,	,
and	CC
literally	RB
,	,
can	MD
adjust	VB
to	TO
the	DT
famine	NN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
surprise	NN
,	,
but	CC
every	DT
cell	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
body	NN
is	VBZ
fighting	VBG
to	TO
live	VB
and	CC
will	MD
do	VB
anything	NN
to	TO
maintain	VB
itself	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
the	DT
mind	NN
that	WDT
wants	VBZ
to	TO
destroy	VB
.	.
Cynthia	NNP
,	,
who	WP
played	VBD
an	DT
important	JJ
role	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
struggling	VBG
herself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
had	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
hospitalized	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
She	PRP
will	MD
go	VB
to	TO
a	DT
treatment	NN
center	NN
within	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
two	CD
weeks	NNS
,	,
sadly	RB
watching	VBG
Caron	NNP
refusing	VBG
a	DT
treatment	NN
option	NN
...	:
DO	NNP
love	VB
her	PRP$
and	CC
are	VBP
willing	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
VERY	RB
hard	JJ
to	TO
help	VB
her	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
truly	RB
humbled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
human	JJ
spirit	NN
's	POS
ability	NN
to	TO
love	VB
,	,
yet	RB
in	IN
awe	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
ability	NN
to	TO
stubbornly	RB
resist	VB
such	JJ
love	NN
.	.
The	DT
whole	JJ
thing	NN
simply	RB
baffles	VBZ
me	PRP
.	.
The	DT
methodical	JJ
way	NN
Caron	NNP
plays	VBZ
out	RP
her	PRP$
daily	JJ
life	NN
:	:
cooking	NN
,	,
writing	VBG
,	,
cleaning	NN
,	,
not	RB
eating	VBG
,	,
talking	VBG
about	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
same	JJ
pain	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
madness	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
get	VBP
caught	VBN
up	RP
in	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
grow	VBP
immune	JJ
to	TO
how	WRB
gray	JJ
her	PRP$
skin	NN
color	NN
is	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
chat	VB
about	IN
upcoming	VBG
movies	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
block	VBP
out	RP
her	PRP$
thin	JJ
branches	NNS
of	IN
legs	NNS
that	WDT
manage	VBP
to	TO
walk	VB
,	,
and	CC
get	VB
excited	VBN
about	IN
her	PRP$
bake	NN
sales	NNS
and	CC
poetry	NN
.	.
``	``
SAINTLY	NNP
''	''
to	TO
have	VB
put	VBN
up	RP
with	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
already	RB
have	VBP
with	IN
her	PRP
.	.
Yet	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
always	RB
wondering	VBG
if	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
doing	VBG
enough	RB
and	CC
I	PRP
worry	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
being	VBG
selfish	JJ
because	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
see	VB
her	PRP
as	RB
often	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
literally	RB
could	MD
.	.
I	PRP
keep	VBP
thinking	VBG
,	,
if	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
me	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
so	RB
truly	RB
terrified	VBD
underneath	IN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
would	MD
hope	VB
no	DT
one	PRP
would	MD
leave	VB
me	PRP
or	CC
grow	VB
weary	JJ
.	.
Sigh	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
have	VB
insurance	NN
,	,
she	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Canadian	JJ
citizen	NN
,	,
another	DT
reason	NN
why	WRB
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
even	RB
think	VB
I	PRP
COULD	VBP
be	VB
awarded	VBN
medical	JJ
gaurdianship	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
U.S.	NNP
court	NN
decision	NN
,	,
afterall	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
if	IN
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
go	VB
against	IN
Caron	NNP
's	POS
wishes	NNS
.	.
The	DT
frustrating	JJ
thing	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
in	IN
Canada	NNP
they	PRP
are	VBP
on	IN
a	DT
different	JJ
medical	JJ
system	NN
and	CC
not	RB
only	RB
would	MD
she	PRP
be	VB
hospitalized	VBN
against	IN
her	PRP$
will	MD
-LRB-	-LRB-
based	VBN
on	IN
weight	NN
alone	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
but	CC
her	PRP$
medical	JJ
bills	NNS
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
so	RB
problematic	JJ
.	.
But	CC
Caron	NNP
refuses	VBZ
to	TO
go	VB
back	RB
.	.
Her	PRP$
sister	NN
is	VBZ
actually	RB
visiting	VBG
from	IN
Canada	NNP
right	RB
now	RB
,	,
staying	VBG
with	IN
Caron	NNP
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
hoping	VBG
to	TO
bring	VB
her	PRP$
back	NN
but	CC
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
work	VB
.	.
The	DT
stubborn	JJ
need	NN
to	TO
control	VB
everything	NN
is	VBZ
so	RB
present	JJ
in	IN
Caron	NNP
it	PRP
will	MD
fight	VB
back	RB
at	IN
ANY	NNP
COST	NNP
.	.
Today	NN
was	VBD
Caron	NNP
's	POS
23rd	JJ
Birthday	NN
,	,
one	CD
that	WDT
many	JJ
of	IN
us	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
know	VB
she	PRP
'd	MD
be	VB
alive	JJ
to	TO
celebrate	VB
.	.
A	DT
group	NN
of	IN
supportive	JJ
,	,
loving	JJ
people	NNS
gathered	VBN
around	IN
Caron	NNP
to	TO
share	VB
this	DT
day	NN
with	IN
her	PRP
,	,
including	VBG
her	PRP$
sister	NN
,	,
who	WP
is	VBZ
visiting	VBG
from	IN
Canada	NNP
right	RB
now	RB
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
bittersweet	JJ
party	NN
,	,
filled	VBN
with	IN
Angel-covered	JJ
cards	NNS
and	CC
gifts	NNS
.	.
Caron	NNP
's	POS
spirits	NNS
soared	VBD
as	IN
her	PRP$
family	NN
of	IN
friends	NNS
surrounded	VBD
her	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
blew	VBD
out	RP
the	DT
single	JJ
candle	NN
on	IN
the	DT
ice	NN
cream	NN
sundae	NN
donated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
restaurant	NN
,	,
and	CC
quickly	RB
passed	VBD
the	DT
food	NN
along	IN
to	TO
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
kids	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
table	NN
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
a	DT
deep	JJ
sadness	NN
then	RB
.	.
But	CC
she	PRP
looks	VBZ
so	RB
alive	JJ
,	,
vibrant	JJ
,	,
filled	VBN
with	IN
love	NN
today	NN
,	,
that	IN
I	PRP
pushed	VBD
that	IN
feeling	VBG
aside	RB
,	,
and	CC
wished	VBD
right	RB
along	IN
with	IN
her	PRP
.	.
Hi	FW
loves	VBZ
,	,
happy	JJ
September	NNP
!	.
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
holding	VBG
steady	JJ
.	.
Her	PRP$
sister	NN
went	VBD
back	RB
to	TO
Canada	NNP
,	,
and	CC
unfortunately	RB
,	,
their	PRP$
visit	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
completely	RB
successful	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
glad	JJ
they	PRP
saw	VBD
each	DT
other	JJ
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
guess	VBP
I	PRP
was	VBD
hoping	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
exchange	NN
would	MD
result	VB
in	IN
Caron	NNP
getting	VBG
some	DT
help	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
planning	VBG
on	IN
starting	VBG
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
hopeful	JJ
again	RB
,	,
but	CC
her	PRP$
eating	NN
habits	NNS
have	VBP
not	RB
changed	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
she	PRP
drinks	NNS
coffee	NN
during	IN
each	DT
day	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
non-fat	JJ
frozen	JJ
yogurt	NN
each	DT
night	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Cynthia	NNP
continues	VBZ
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
herself	PRP
at	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
center	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
with	IN
the	DT
help	NN
of	IN
so	RB
many	JJ
of	IN
you	PRP
reading	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
am	VBP
determined	VBN
to	TO
support	VB
them	PRP
both	DT
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
this	DT
for	IN
the	DT
long	JJ
haul	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
so	RB
nice	JJ
to	TO
know	VB
you	PRP
have	VBP
taken	VBN
the	DT
time	NN
to	TO
join	VB
me	PRP
.	.
Blessed	JJ
be	VB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
``	``
our	PRP$
kind	NN
''	''
,	,
the	DT
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
,	,
we	PRP
are	VBP
the	DT
most	RBS
generous	JJ
people	NNS
;	:
self-sacraficing	JJ
and	CC
giving	VBG
.	.
Caron	NNP
displays	NNS
this	DT
daily	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
imperative	JJ
that	IN
all	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
learn	VBP
to	TO
care	VB
for	IN
ourselves	PRP
...	:
there	EX
is	VBZ
nothing	NN
admirable	JJ
about	IN
a	DT
dying	VBG
``	``
mother	NN
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
not	RB
literally	RB
a	DT
mother	NN
,	,
but	CC
a	DT
care	NN
giver	NN
type	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
None	NN
of	IN
us	PRP
receive	VBP
extra	JJ
credit	NN
for	IN
playing	VBG
saints	NNS
,	,
until	IN
we	PRP
are	VBP
good	JJ
to	TO
OURSELVES	NNP
.	.
Then	RB
we	PRP
feel	VBP
the	DT
rewards	NNS
,	,
then	RB
we	PRP
can	MD
truly	RB
give	VB
to	TO
other	JJ
people	NNS
,	,
right	RB
?	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
so	RB
much	RB
more	RBR
helpful	JJ
now	RB
than	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
for	IN
the	DT
seven	CD
years	NNS
I	PRP
lived	VBD
in	IN
anorexic	JJ
chains	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
come	VB
back	RB
and	CC
post	VB
exciting	JJ
news	NN
,	,
I	PRP
really	RB
did	VBD
.	.
But	CC
the	DT
trip	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
disaster	NN
of	IN
complications	NNS
and	CC
travel	NN
problems	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
from	IN
missing	VBG
one	CD
plane	NN
to	TO
not	RB
having	VBG
a	DT
reservation	NN
at	IN
the	DT
hotel	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
all	DT
of	IN
which	WDT
were	VBD
supposed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
taken	VBN
care	NN
of	IN
by	IN
the	DT
show	NN
.	.
The	DT
anxiety	NN
along	IN
with	IN
the	DT
trauma	NN
of	IN
traveling	VBG
so	RB
far	RB
had	VBD
Caron	NNP
feeling	VBG
pretty	RB
sick	JJ
and	CC
out	IN
of	IN
it	PRP
.	.
By	IN
the	DT
time	NN
we	PRP
were	VBD
under	IN
the	DT
lights	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
studio	NN
,	,
we	PRP
were	VBD
tired	JJ
and	CC
worn	JJ
down	RB
.	.
Caron	NNP
did	VBD
wonderfully	RB
on	IN
the	DT
show	NN
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
my	PRP$
opinion	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
misrepresented	VBD
herself	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
said	VBD
she	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
therapy	NN
,	,
which	WDT
she	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
unless	IN
you	PRP
count	VBP
the	DT
`	``
support	NN
group	NN
therapy	NN
'	''
she	PRP
has	VBZ
in	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
said	VBD
she	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
starving	VBG
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
,	,
perhaps	RB
,	,
in	IN
her	PRP$
mind	NN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
n't	RB
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
eat	VB
solid	JJ
foods	NNS
anymore	RB
and	CC
only	RB
had	VBD
coffee	NN
and	CC
orange	NN
juice	NN
during	IN
the	DT
entire	JJ
trip	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
insisted	VBD
the	DT
show	NN
not	RB
know	VB
her	PRP$
real	JJ
weight	NN
,	,
and	CC
lied	VBD
about	IN
what	WP
it	PRP
was	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
understand	VBP
her	PRP$
desire	NN
to	TO
present	VB
herself	PRP
well	RB
,	,
as	IN
someone	NN
fighting	VBG
for	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
made	VBD
me	PRP
sad	JJ
because	IN
I	PRP
wish	VBP
she	PRP
were	VBD
so	RB
healthy	JJ
.	.
Anyway	RB
,	,
I	PRP
considered	VBD
``	``
confronting	VBG
''	''
her	PRP$
on	IN
the	DT
show	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
only	RB
on	IN
the	DT
air	NN
for	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
ten	CD
minutes	NNS
and	CC
it	PRP
just	RB
was	VBD
not	RB
worth	JJ
upsetting	VBG
her	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
's	VBZ
been	VBN
through	IN
enough	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
know	VBP
her	PRP$
heart	NN
really	RB
wants	VBZ
the	DT
things	NNS
she	PRP
said	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
true	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
called	VBD
me	PRP
her	PRP$
gaurdian	NN
angel	NN
on	IN
national	JJ
television	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
heart	NN
sank	VBD
.	.
After	IN
the	DT
show	NN
,	,
our	PRP$
night	NN
at	IN
the	DT
hotel	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
disaster	NN
.	.
Room	NN
service	NN
had	VBD
nothing	NN
for	IN
her	PRP$
and	CC
was	VBD
two	CD
hours	NNS
late	JJ
delievering	VBG
my	PRP$
food	NN
anyways	RB
,	,
plus	CC
our	PRP$
room	NN
's	POS
heater	NN
broke	VBD
and	CC
poor	JJ
Caron	NNP
was	VBD
so	RB
cold	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
up	RB
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
night	NN
from	IN
hypothermia	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
freezing	NN
,	,
no	DT
body	NN
fat	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
could	MD
have	VB
died	VBN
from	IN
it	PRP
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
morning	NN
we	PRP
were	VBD
both	DT
overwhelmed	VBD
,	,
anxious	JJ
,	,
and	CC
distressed	JJ
.	.
The	DT
last	JJ
straw	NN
was	VBD
our	PRP$
car	NN
did	VBD
n't	RB
come	VB
to	TO
get	VB
us	PRP
for	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
ended	VBD
up	RP
making	VBG
arrangements	NNS
for	IN
us	PRP
...	:
we	PRP
finally	RB
got	VBD
home	NN
safely	RB
to	TO
beautiful	JJ
,	,
warm	JJ
California	NNP
.	.
NOW	RB
--	:
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
still	RB
dealing	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
effects	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
nightmare	NN
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
needed	VBD
a	DT
long	JJ
nap	NN
to	TO
recover	VB
,	,
but	CC
Caron	NNP
has	VBZ
dropped	VBN
weight	NN
overnight	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
no	RB
longer	RBR
know	VB
what	WP
she	PRP
weighs	VBZ
,	,
it	PRP
flucuates	VBZ
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
is	VBZ
very	RB
upset	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
she	PRP
feels	VBZ
she	PRP
has	VBZ
gotten	VBN
much	JJ
sicker	JJR
very	RB
quickly	RB
and	CC
is	VBZ
scared	VBN
for	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
only	RB
comfort	NN
her	PRP$
again	RB
and	CC
again	RB
with	IN
my	PRP$
words	NNS
,	,
but	CC
words	NNS
can	MD
not	RB
provide	VB
the	DT
health	NN
,	,
warmth	NN
,	,
and	CC
cushin	VB
her	PRP$
body	NN
needs	VBZ
.	.
Caron	NNP
called	VBD
me	PRP
early	JJ
Sunday	NNP
morning	NN
and	CC
told	VBD
me	PRP
she	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
do	VB
this	DT
on	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
anymore	RB
,	,
she	PRP
is	VBZ
scared	VBN
for	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
and	CC
wants	VBZ
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
a	DT
hospital	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
surprised	JJ
and	CC
happy	JJ
and	CC
sad	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
has	VBZ
had	VBN
a	DT
completely	RB
awful	JJ
time	NN
lately	RB
,	,
she	PRP
fears	VBZ
nightly	JJ
that	IN
if	IN
she	PRP
goes	VBZ
to	TO
sleep	VB
she	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
wake	VB
up	RP
.	.
Her	PRP$
heart	NN
,	,
chest	NN
,	,
and	CC
bones	NNS
ache	VBP
,	,
she	PRP
is	VBZ
bleeding	VBG
internally	RB
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
gets	VBZ
confused	VBN
about	IN
where	WRB
she	PRP
is	VBZ
and	CC
what	WP
is	VBZ
real	JJ
and	CC
what	WP
's	VBZ
not	RB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
terrifying	JJ
space	NN
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
alone	RB
in	IN
her	PRP$
apartment	NN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
so	RB
scared	JJ
she	PRP
will	MD
die	VB
alone	RB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
absolutely	RB
gut-wrenching	JJ
to	TO
hear	VB
her	PRP$
sob	VB
to	TO
me	PRP
on	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
about	IN
not	RB
having	VBG
done	VBN
everything	NN
she	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
do	VB
in	IN
this	DT
life	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
etc.	FW
This	DT
fear	NN
and	CC
recent	JJ
medical	JJ
complications	NNS
has	VBZ
pushed	VBN
Caron	NNP
into	IN
finally	RB
wanting	VBG
help	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
non-stop	JJ
with	IN
hospitals	NNS
and	CC
treatment	NN
centers	NNS
ever	RB
since	IN
she	PRP
made	VBD
her	PRP$
decision	NN
.	.
The	DT
most	RBS
tragic	JJ
of	IN
this	DT
whole	JJ
thing	NN
is	VBZ
,	,
after	IN
ten	CD
long	RB
long	RB
months	NNS
of	IN
trying	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
Caron	NNP
to	TO
want	VB
help	NN
,	,
now	RB
that	IN
she	PRP
wants	VBZ
it	PRP
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
so	RB
easily	RB
available	JJ
.	.
Caron	NNP
has	VBZ
no	DT
money	NN
and	CC
no	DT
insurance	NN
and	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
citizen	NN
of	IN
this	DT
country	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
centers	NNS
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
Rader	NNP
,	,
Renfrew	NNP
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
wo	MD
n't	RB
take	VB
her	PRP$
for	IN
free	JJ
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
free	JJ
care	NN
she	PRP
can	MD
access	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
county	NN
mental	JJ
health	NN
hospital	NN
that	WDT
does	VBZ
not	RB
specialize	VB
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
as	IN
is	VBZ
usually	RB
populated	VBN
by	IN
homeless	JJ
schizophrenic	JJ
sufferers	NNS
.	.
This	DT
option	NN
is	VBZ
too	RB
frightening	JJ
to	TO
Caron	NNP
,	,
and	CC
truthfully	RB
,	,
she	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
even	RB
qualify	VB
for	IN
such	JJ
care	NN
.	.
HOWEVER	NNP
,	,
the	DT
good	JJ
news	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
Caron	NNP
can	MD
have	VB
free	JJ
medical	JJ
treatment	NN
at	IN
U.C.L.A.	NNP
Hospital	NNP
which	WDT
is	VBZ
an	DT
excellent	JJ
facility	NN
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
first	JJ
step	NN
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WDT
because	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
clinic	NN
could	MD
n't	RB
take	VB
her	PRP$
even	RB
if	IN
she	PRP
had	VBD
money	NN
if	IN
she	PRP
were	VBD
not	RB
stable	JJ
medically	RB
.	.
So	IN
the	DT
plan	NN
of	IN
Caron	NNP
's	POS
``	``
support	NN
''	''
team	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
me	PRP
,	,
Diane	NNP
,	,
Anita	NNP
,	,
and	CC
many	JJ
other	JJ
friends	NNS
of	IN
hers	NNS
-	:
people	NNS
who	WP
were	VBD
involved	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
intervention	NN
we	PRP
tried	VBD
a	DT
few	JJ
months	NNS
ago	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
her	PRP$
go	NN
to	TO
U.C.L.A.	NNP
Medical	NNP
Hospital	NNP
to	TO
be	VB
cared	VBN
for	IN
.	.
The	DT
internal	JJ
bleeding	NN
is	VBZ
obviously	RB
very	RB
serious	JJ
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
chest	NN
pains	NNS
she	PRP
experiences	VBZ
may	MD
lead	VB
the	DT
doctors	NNS
to	TO
find	VB
other	JJ
critical	JJ
problems	NNS
that	WDT
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
addressed	VBN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
meantime	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
trying	VBG
to	TO
find	VB
the	DT
psychological	JJ
care	NN
she	PRP
needs	VBZ
desperately	RB
.	.
Unfortunately	RB
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
the	DT
intervention	NN
,	,
Caron	NNP
was	VBD
offered	VBN
a	DT
scholarship	NN
at	IN
Remuda	NNP
Ranch	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
treatment	NN
center	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
spoke	VBD
with	IN
them	PRP
today	NN
and	CC
that	DT
is	VBZ
no	RB
longer	RB
available	JJ
.	.
BUT	NNP
I	PRP
AM	VBP
HOPEFUL	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
hopeful	JJ
because	IN
Caron	NNP
WANTS	VBZ
help	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
taking	VBG
the	DT
risk	NN
of	IN
asking	VBG
for	IN
help	NN
,	,
after	IN
all	PDT
this	DT
time	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
asking	VBG
you	PRP
,	,
out	IN
there	RB
,	,
this	DT
family	NN
of	IN
readers	NNS
we	PRP
've	VBP
become	VBN
,	,
to	TO
please	VB
have	VB
good	JJ
thoughts	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
prayers	NNS
if	IN
that	DT
applies	VBZ
to	TO
you	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
send	VB
them	PRP
in	IN
Caron	NNP
's	POS
direction	NN
.	.
This	DT
past	JJ
week	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
more	RBR
and	CC
more	RBR
certain	JJ
that	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
going	VBG
to	TO
die	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
even	RB
describe	VB
all	PDT
the	DT
nightmarish	JJ
scares	NNS
and	CC
pains	NNS
she	PRP
has	VBZ
endured	VBN
lately	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
now	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
have	VB
her	PRP$
voluntarily	RB
go	VB
to	TO
the	DT
hospital	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
hopeful	JJ
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
sorry	JJ
to	TO
report	VB
that	DT
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
no	RB
longer	RBR
willing	JJ
or	CC
wanting	VBG
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
a	DT
medical	JJ
hospital	NN
or	CC
treatment	NN
center	NN
.	.
Myself	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
friends	NNS
of	IN
Caron	NNP
's	POS
tried	VBD
for	IN
five	CD
days	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
her	PRP$
to	TO
UCLA	NNP
Medical	NNP
Hospital	NNP
to	TO
be	VB
seen	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
physician	NN
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
kept	VBD
putting	VBG
it	PRP
off	RP
and	CC
finally	RB
decided	VBD
not	RB
to	TO
go	VB
at	IN
all	DT
-LRB-	-LRB-
based	VBN
largely	RB
on	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
had	VBN
bad	JJ
experiences	NNS
with	IN
hospitals	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
past	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
meantime	NN
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
set	VBN
up	RP
a	DT
plan	NN
to	TO
fly	VB
with	IN
her	PRP
to	TO
get	VB
treatment	NN
in	IN
Canada	NNP
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
only	RB
considered	VBD
this	DT
for	IN
a	DT
day	NN
or	CC
two	CD
before	IN
deciding	VBG
that	IN
going	VBG
to	TO
back	VB
to	TO
where	WRB
her	PRP$
family	NN
lives	NNS
was	VBD
not	RB
an	DT
option	NN
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
also	RB
attempted	VBN
to	TO
find	VB
her	PRP$
care	NN
in	IN
other	JJ
treatment	NN
centers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
and	CC
was	VBD
not	RB
successful	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
financial	JJ
and	CC
medical	JJ
reasons	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Caron	NNP
did	VBD
consider	VB
coming	VBG
to	TO
The	DT
Rader	NNP
Institute	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
where	WRB
I	PRP
work	VBP
-RRB-	-RRB-
but	CC
has	VBZ
decided	VBN
,	,
for	IN
now	RB
,	,
to	TO
continue	VB
her	PRP$
own	JJ
plan	NN
of	IN
action	NN
to	TO
get	VB
better	JJR
.	.
My	PRP$
friends	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
skeptical	JJ
and	CC
saddened	JJ
by	IN
this	DT
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
hopeful	JJ
during	IN
the	DT
week	NN
of	IN
scrambling	VBG
around	RB
,	,
making	VBG
many	JJ
phone	NN
calls	NNS
,	,
trying	VBG
to	TO
find	VB
a	DT
place	NN
for	IN
Caron	NNP
to	TO
go	VB
...	:
but	CC
the	DT
motivation	NN
did	VBD
not	RB
last	JJ
for	IN
her	PRP
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
now	RB
,	,
once	RB
again	RB
,	,
in	IN
charge	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
afraid	JJ
because	IN
when	WRB
she	PRP
has	VBZ
control	NN
,	,
her	PRP$
anorexia	NN
has	VBZ
control	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
sure	JJ
that	IN
someone	NN
as	IN
sick	JJ
as	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
anyone	NN
suffering	NN
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
as	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
diseases	NNS
,	,
addictions	NNS
,	,
that	IN
we	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
understand	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
can	MD
fight	VB
against	IN
the	DT
unyeilding	VBG
power	NN
of	IN
this	DT
eating	VBG
illness	NN
.	.
Since	IN
Caron	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
became	VBD
close	JJ
friends	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
talked	VBN
to	TO
her	PRP$
on	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
daily	RB
,	,
usually	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
once	RB
a	DT
day	NN
,	,
even	RB
when	WRB
I	PRP
've	VBP
gone	VBN
away	RB
on	IN
vacation	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
deeply	RB
concerned	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
regret	VBP
to	TO
say	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
not	RB
heard	VBN
from	IN
my	PRP$
angel	NN
friend	NN
since	IN
Wednesday	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Nov.	NNP
27th	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
That	DT
day	NN
,	,
she	PRP
did	VBD
tell	VB
me	PRP
her	PRP$
phone	NN
was	VBD
being	VBG
disconnected	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
she	PRP
can	MD
no	RB
longer	RB
afford	VB
the	DT
bill	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
her	PRP$
plan	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
stay	VB
at	IN
a	DT
friend	NN
's	POS
house	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
friend	NN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
However	RB
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
800	CD
number	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
toll	NN
free	JJ
number	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
she	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
gone	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
pay	NN
phone	NN
by	IN
now	RB
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
begun	VBN
to	TO
seriously	RB
worry	VB
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
called	VBN
her	PRP$
circle	NN
of	IN
amazing	JJ
friends	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
those	DT
that	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
none	NN
of	IN
them	PRP
have	VBP
heard	VBN
from	IN
her	PRP$
either	CC
.	.
Her	PRP$
family	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
calling	VBG
me	PRP
from	IN
Canada	NNP
,	,
worried	JJ
,	,
because	IN
she	PRP
had	VBD
promised	VBN
to	TO
talk	VB
to	TO
them	PRP
on	IN
Wednesday	NNP
night	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
not	RB
called	VBN
them	PRP
yet	RB
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
overeact	VB
,	,
perhaps	RB
this	DT
is	VBZ
simply	RB
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
no	DT
longer	JJR
having	VBG
a	DT
phone	NN
,	,
but	CC
,	,
obviously	RB
,	,
in	IN
her	PRP$
condition	NN
not	RB
having	VBG
access	NN
to	TO
a	DT
phone	NN
can	MD
be	VB
dangerous	JJ
.	.
Cynthia	NNP
,	,
who	WP
is	VBZ
working	VBG
hard	RB
on	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
recovery	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
currently	RB
helping	VBG
me	PRP
try	VB
to	TO
find	VB
Caron	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
with	IN
her	PRP$
friend	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
who	WP
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
fine	JJ
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
doubt	VBP
I	PRP
'll	MD
relax	VB
until	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
for	IN
sure	JJ
.	.
Caron	NNP
also	RB
had	VBD
reason	NN
to	TO
leave	VB
her	PRP$
apartment	NN
,	,
having	VBG
never	RB
been	VBN
able	JJ
to	TO
pay	VB
November	NNP
's	POS
rent	NN
and	CC
being	VBG
threatened	VBN
with	IN
eviction	NN
.	.
This	DT
may	MD
sound	VB
silly	JJ
,	,
but	CC
if	IN
anyone	NN
reading	NN
this	DT
lives	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
area	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
primarly	RB
the	DT
valley	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
if	IN
you	PRP
could	MD
look	VB
at	IN
her	PRP$
pictures	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
click	VBP
here	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
just	RB
keep	VB
an	DT
eye	NN
out	RP
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
appreciate	VB
it	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
plan	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
fill	VB
out	RP
a	DT
missing	VBG
persons	NNS
report	NN
tonight	NN
.	.
Hello	UH
loves	VBZ
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
thrilled	VBN
to	TO
announce	VB
that	DT
Caron	NNP
called	VBD
me	PRP
and	CC
is	VBZ
doing	VBG
fine	JJ
,	,
she	PRP
simply	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
break	VB
away	RP
from	IN
everyone	NN
and	CC
try	VB
to	TO
collect	VB
her	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
days	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
tends	VBZ
to	TO
assume	VB
that	IN
no	DT
one	NN
cares	VBZ
about	IN
her	PRP$
and	CC
would	MD
n't	RB
miss	VB
her	PRP$
;	:
she	PRP
was	VBD
quite	RB
surprised	JJ
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
filed	VBN
a	DT
police	NN
report	NN
and	CC
that	IN
SO	RB
many	JJ
people	NNS
were	VBD
worried	JJ
sick	JJ
about	IN
her	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
says	VBZ
she	PRP
understands	VBZ
now	RB
that	IN
we	PRP
love	VBP
her	PRP$
and	CC
she	PRP
promises	VBZ
not	RB
to	TO
do	VB
that	DT
again	RB
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
she	PRP
gave	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
thought	NN
to	TO
getting	VBG
help	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
wanting	VBG
to	TO
look	VB
into	IN
her	PRP$
options	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
a	DT
good	JJ
sign	NN
.	.
I	PRP
apologize	VBP
for	IN
any	DT
worry	NN
any	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
might	MD
have	VB
suffered	VBN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
VERY	RB
VERY	RB
much	JJ
appreciate	VBP
the	DT
floods	NNS
of	IN
supportive	JJ
e-mails	NNS
I	PRP
received	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
extremely	RB
afraid	JJ
and	CC
you	PRP
all	DT
have	VBP
been	VBN
such	JJ
comforts	NNS
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
Thank	VB
you	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
need	VB
to	TO
warn	VB
all	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
that	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
some	DT
exaggerations	NNS
on	IN
this	DT
show	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
did	VBD
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
disclose	VB
her	PRP$
real	JJ
weight	NN
and	CC
did	VBD
say	VB
she	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
therapy	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
she	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
currently	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
But	CC
what	WP
you	PRP
WILL	MD
see	VB
is	VBZ
Caron	NNP
's	POS
spirit	NN
and	CC
hope	NN
,	,
and	CC
her	PRP$
desire	NN
to	TO
help	VB
others	NNS
.	.
Caron	NNP
has	VBZ
broken	VBN
her	PRP$
upper	JJ
arm	NN
and	CC
shoulder	NN
bone	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
nerve	NN
damage	NN
from	IN
the	DT
shattering	VBG
and	CC
splintering	VBG
of	IN
the	DT
bones	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
broke	VBD
easily	RB
due	JJ
to	TO
her	PRP$
malnurishment	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
pushed	VBN
accidently	RB
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
healthy	JJ
person	NN
would	MD
have	VB
simply	RB
bruised	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
fall	NN
,	,
but	CC
Caron	NNP
's	POS
body	NN
nearly	RB
broke	VBD
in	IN
half	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
so	RB
incredibably	RB
fragile	JJ
.	.
Though	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
sad	JJ
news	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
,	,
in	IN
a	DT
way	NN
,	,
possibly	RB
a	DT
blessing	NN
.	.
Why	WRB
?	.
The	DT
pain	NN
from	IN
her	PRP$
shoulder	NN
encourged	VBD
her	PRP$
enough	JJ
to	TO
voluntarily	RB
go	VB
into	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
to	TO
be	VB
checked	VBN
!	.
!	.
The	DT
doctors	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
clinic	NN
treated	VBD
her	PRP$
for	IN
free	JJ
,	,
stressing	VBG
they	PRP
were	VBD
more	RBR
concerned	JJ
about	IN
her	PRP$
anorexia	NN
than	IN
her	PRP$
broken	JJ
bone	NN
.	.
She	PRP
stayed	VBD
for	IN
a	DT
couple	NN
hours	NNS
,	,
was	VBD
given	VBN
medication	NN
and	CC
a	DT
sling	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
instructed	VBN
to	TO
return	VB
the	DT
next	JJ
day	NN
to	TO
have	VB
the	DT
bone	NN
set	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
an	DT
orthopedic	JJ
surgeon	NN
look	NN
at	IN
it	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
because	IN
the	DT
shoulder	NN
blade	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
as	RB
easily	RB
repaired	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
broken	JJ
arm	NN
,	,
also	RB
she	PRP
is	VBZ
suffering	VBG
from	IN
osteoporosis	NN
and	CC
osteopena	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
but	CC
did	VBD
not	RB
go	VB
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
clinic	NN
.	.
The	DT
pain	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
shoulder	NN
and	CC
arm	NN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
did	VBD
NOT	RB
go	VB
away	RB
,	,
which	WDT
forced	VBD
her	PRP
once	RB
again	RB
to	TO
strongly	RB
consider	VB
going	VBG
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
hospital	NN
and	CC
get	VB
some	DT
treatment	NN
.	.
Cynthia	NNP
was	VBD
ready	JJ
to	TO
take	VB
her	PRP
to	TO
a	DT
county	NN
hospital	NN
today	NN
to	TO
be	VB
looked	VBN
at	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
both	DT
the	DT
broken	VBN
bone	NN
and	CC
her	PRP$
anorexia	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
but	CC
in	IN
the	DT
end	NN
,	,
Caron	NNP
refused	VBD
to	TO
go	VB
.	.
She	PRP
does	VBZ
say	VB
she	PRP
will	MD
try	VB
to	TO
go	VB
tomorrow	NN
,	,
or	CC
at	IN
least	JJS
by	IN
Christmas	NNP
Day	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
so	RB
.	.
I	PRP
pray	VBP
this	DT
works	VBZ
,	,
as	IN
stubborn	JJ
as	IN
she	PRP
remains	VBZ
,	,
because	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
her	PRP$
bones	NNS
were	VBD
so	RB
easy	JJ
to	TO
break	VB
is	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
bad	JJ
sign	NN
about	IN
her	PRP$
entire	JJ
physical	JJ
body	NN
and	CC
she	PRP
needs	VBZ
nutrition	NN
fast	RB
.	.
She	PRP
needs	VBZ
help	NN
that	IN
my	PRP$
love	NN
alone	RB
can	MD
not	RB
give	VB
.	.
Reflections	NNS
on	IN
this	DT
past	JJ
year	NN
with	IN
Caron	NNP
have	VBP
led	VBN
me	PRP
to	TO
change	VB
the	DT
ideas	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
friendship	NN
with	IN
her	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
become	VBN
so	RB
very	RB
stuck	VBN
in	IN
her	PRP$
disease	NN
this	DT
year	NN
,	,
losing	VBG
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
the	DT
``	``
Caron	NNP
''	''
I	PRP
know	VBP
and	CC
love	VBP
,	,
and	CC
becoming	VBG
more	RBR
Anorexia	JJ
and	CC
Addiction	NN
than	IN
ever	RB
.	.
It	PRP
quite	RB
literally	RB
hurts	VBZ
my	PRP$
heart	NN
.	.
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
separate	JJ
myself	PRP
a	DT
little	RB
from	IN
Caron	NNP
.	.
Her	PRP$
promises	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
help	VB
since	IN
late	JJ
October	NNP
have	VBP
gone	VBN
no	DT
where	WRB
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
except	IN
to	TO
my	PRP$
hope	NN
being	VBG
disappointed	VBN
again	RB
,	,
my	PRP$
worry	NN
&	CC
efforts	NNS
being	VBG
useless	JJ
again	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
Please	UH
understand	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
the	DT
sickness	NN
makes	VBZ
it	PRP
VERY	RB
difficult	JJ
to	TO
actually	RB
accept	VB
help	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
understand	VBP
why	WRB
Caron	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
act	VB
on	IN
her	PRP$
promises	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
she	PRP
never	RB
went	VBD
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
hospital	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
empathy	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
also	RB
do	VBP
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
end	VB
up	RP
resenting	VBG
her	PRP
.	.
So	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
taking	VBG
a	DT
step	NN
back	RB
.	.
Caron	NNP
needs	VBZ
many	JJ
things	NNS
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
have	VB
.	.
She	PRP
needs	VBZ
money	NN
,	,
medical	JJ
attention	NN
,	,
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
family	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
support	NN
for	IN
the	DT
sexual	JJ
abuse\/eating	VBG
disorder\/drug	NN
addiction	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
I	PRP
believe	VBP
she	PRP
is	VBZ
currently	RB
into	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
healing	NN
from	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
pain	NN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
endured	VBN
.	.
Such	JJ
a	DT
tiny	JJ
body	NN
,	,
such	PDT
a	DT
young	JJ
woman	NN
,	,
and	CC
SO	RB
much	JJ
hurt	NN
!	.
!	.
I	PRP
,	,
sadly	RB
,	,
can	MD
not	RB
provide	VB
these	DT
things	NNS
for	IN
her	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
friendship	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
changed	VBN
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
demands	NNS
she	PRP
has	VBZ
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
meet	VB
with	IN
friendship	NN
alone	RB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
stop	VB
pretending	VBG
that	IN
it	PRP
can	MD
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
does	VBZ
she	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
spiritual	JJ
ache	NN
.	.
That	DT
my	PRP$
unconditional	JJ
love	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
enough	RB
,	,
nor	CC
will	MD
it	PRP
be	VB
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
1996	CD
,	,
when	WRB
her	PRP$
relapse	NN
turned	VBD
into	IN
a	DT
serious	JJ
&	CC
severe	JJ
condition	NN
,	,
I	PRP
thought	VBD
my	PRP$
love	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
her	PRP$
other	JJ
friends	NNS
'	POS
love	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
would	MD
be	VB
enough	RB
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
...	:
Caron	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
both	DT
are	VBP
learning	VBG
the	DT
hard	JJ
,	,
hard	JJ
way	NN
.	.
And	CC
so	RB
,	,
I	PRP
continue	VBP
to	TO
love	VB
her	PRP
,	,
her	PRP$
soul	NN
,	,
unconditionally	RB
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
the	DT
one	CD
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
committment	NN
to	TO
live	VB
.	.
Herself	NNP
,	,
to	TO
really	RB
try	VB
to	TO
live	VB
LIFE	NNP
as	IN
it	PRP
ought	MD
to	TO
be	VB
lived	VBN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
take	VB
the	DT
professional	JJ
help	NN
available	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
wish	VBP
for	IN
all	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
,	,
out	IN
in	IN
cyberspace	NN
,	,
to	TO
know	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
currently	RB
suffering	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
YOU	PRP
must	MD
make	VB
a	DT
decsion	NN
for	IN
YOURSELF	NNP
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
those	DT
who	WP
love	VBP
you	PRP
dearly	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
love	NN
and	CC
dedication	NN
,	,
though	IN
strong	JJ
,	,
is	VBZ
not	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
heal	VB
Caron	NNP
from	IN
the	DT
ravages	NNS
of	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
in	IN
angels	NNS
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
yet	RB
to	TO
understand	VB
how	WRB
they	PRP
work	VBP
.	.
Caron	NNP
called	VBD
me	PRP
an	DT
angel	NN
on	IN
national	JJ
television	NN
,	,
a	DT
title	NN
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
qualify	VB
for	IN
,	,
simply	RB
because	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
human	JJ
-	:
as	IN
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
human	JJ
-	:
and	CC
I	PRP
need	VBP
things	NNS
to	TO
live	VB
:	:
food	NN
,	,
water	NN
,	,
love	NN
,	,
fun	NN
,	,
rest	NN
,	,
comfort	NN
,	,
warmth	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
so	RB
on	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
These	DT
things	NNS
I	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
allow	VB
myself	PRP
to	TO
receive	VB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
the	DT
ONLY	NNP
one	CD
who	WP
decides	VBZ
that	IN
.	.
I	PRP
decide	VBP
to	TO
accept	VB
those	DT
things	NNS
today	NN
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
Caron	NNP
to	TO
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
finding	VBG
myself	PRP
with	IN
more	JJR
time	NN
to	TO
myself	PRP
now	RB
,	,
having	VBG
stepped	VBD
back	RB
from	IN
Caron	NNP
...	:
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
filling	VBG
up	RP
that	DT
time	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
spirituality	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
relaxation	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
noticed	VBN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
a	DT
calmer	JJ
person	NN
,	,
like	IN
something	NN
is	VBZ
lifted	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
heard	VBD
from	IN
her	PRP$
a	DT
week	NN
ago	RB
,	,
she	PRP
was	VBD
getting	VBG
over	IN
the	DT
flu	NN
and	CC
still	RB
in	IN
a	DT
cast	NN
from	IN
the	DT
broken	JJ
bones	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
seemed	VBD
fairly	RB
okay	JJ
,	,
not	RB
hysterical	JJ
about	IN
anything	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
angry	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
that	IN
she	PRP
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
about	IN
my	PRP$
decision	NN
.	.
She	PRP
says	VBZ
she	PRP
loves	VBZ
me	PRP
still	RB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
hope	VBP
that	IN
she	PRP
knows	VBZ
I	PRP
love	VBP
her	PRP$
very	JJ
strongly	RB
,	,
as	IN
ALWAYS	NNP
.	.
Sadly	RB
,	,
she	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
mention	VB
the	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
going	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
hospital	NN
again	RB
,	,
though	IN
.	.
Sigh	NN
.	.
I	PRP
spoke	VBD
to	TO
Caron	NNP
's	POS
sister	NN
and	CC
mother	NN
this	DT
week	NN
.	.
They	PRP
called	VBD
me	PRP
after	IN
waiting	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
Canadian	JJ
airport	NN
for	IN
hours	NNS
,	,
expecting	VBG
Caron	NNP
to	TO
climb	VB
off	RP
a	DT
plane	NN
from	IN
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
plane	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
had	VBD
bought	VBN
her	PRP$
a	DT
ticket	NN
for	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Caron	NNP
remains	VBZ
in	IN
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
,	,
stubbornly	RB
refusing	VBG
to	TO
return	VB
to	TO
Canada	NNP
for	IN
medical	JJ
and	CC
psychological	JJ
care	NN
.	.
I	PRP
wish	VBP
she	PRP
had	VBD
used	VBN
the	DT
ticket	NN
home	NN
,	,
I	PRP
think	VBP
she	PRP
felt	VBD
ready	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
while	NN
,	,
but	CC
in	IN
the	DT
end	NN
,	,
gave	VBD
in	IN
to	TO
her	PRP$
anorexic	JJ
voice	NN
.	.
That	DT
voice	NN
,	,
I	PRP
know	VBP
,	,
can	MD
be	VB
very	RB
loud	JJ
.	.
Caron	NNP
's	POS
arm	NN
and	CC
shoulder	NN
are	VBP
doing	VBG
better	RB
,	,
her	PRP$
body	NN
trying	VBG
to	TO
heal	VB
what	WP
it	PRP
can	MD
,	,
causing	VBG
her	PRP$
less	JJR
pain	NN
.	.
But	CC
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
struggling	VBG
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
lost	VBN
more	JJR
friends	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
only	RB
in	IN
that	IN
they	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
help	VB
her	PRP$
stay	NN
sick	JJ
,	,
they	PRP
still	RB
love	VBP
her	PRP$
without	IN
question	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
is	VBZ
having	VBG
a	DT
harder	JJR
time	NN
taking	VBG
care	NN
of	IN
herself	PRP
more	JJR
than	IN
ever	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
still	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
help	VB
,	,
in	IN
a	DT
different	JJ
way	NN
than	IN
before	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
was	VBD
supporting	VBG
Caron	NNP
's	POS
illness	NN
accidentialy	RB
by	IN
making	VBG
it	PRP
easy	JJ
for	IN
her	PRP$
to	TO
be	VB
comfortable	JJ
as	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
and	CC
therefore	RB
refuse	VBP
help	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
currently	RB
attempting	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
in	IN
touch	NN
with	IN
Peggy	NNP
Claude	NNP
Pierre	NNP
of	IN
Montreaux	NNP
Clinic	NNP
fame	NN
,	,
simply	RB
to	TO
see	VB
if	IN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
any	DT
suggestions	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
because	IN
her	PRP$
clinic	NN
is	VBZ
voluntary	JJ
and	CC
has	VBZ
a	DT
two	CD
year	NN
waiting	VBG
list	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
referrals	NNS
to	TO
offer	VB
regarding	VBG
Caron	NNP
's	POS
situation	NN
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
will	MD
never	RB
stop	VB
sending	VBG
spiritual	JJ
energies	NNS
of	IN
health	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
praryer	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Caron	NNP
's	POS
way	NN
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
all	DT
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Hello	UH
!	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
out	IN
of	IN
commission	NN
for	IN
a	DT
while	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
computer	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
report	VB
that	DT
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
still	RB
alive	JJ
,	,
living	VBG
in	IN
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
in	IN
her	PRP$
apartment	NN
while	IN
her	PRP$
landlord	NN
is	VBZ
trying	VBG
to	TO
have	VB
her	PRP$
evicted	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
she	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
pay	VB
rent	NN
anymore	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Her	PRP$
mother	NN
and	CC
sister	NN
did	VBD
send	VB
her	PRP$
an	DT
airline	NN
ticket	NN
to	TO
Canada	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
but	CC
she	PRP
never	RB
showed	VBD
up	RP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
continue	VB
to	TO
encourage	VB
and	CC
welcome	VB
her	PRP
to	TO
come	VB
to	TO
Canada	NNP
for	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
For	IN
now	RB
,	,
she	PRP
is	VBZ
unwilling	JJ
to	TO
go	VB
,	,
though	IN
she	PRP
sometimes	RB
considers	VBZ
it	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
stable	JJ
but	CC
suffering	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
so	RB
scared	JJ
the	DT
other	JJ
night	NN
that	IN
she	PRP
curled	VBD
up	RB
and	CC
tried	VBD
to	TO
sleep	VB
in	IN
her	PRP$
apartment	NN
building	NN
's	POS
laundry	NN
room	NN
.	.
The	DT
anorexia	NN
and	CC
drug	NN
use	NN
tends	VBZ
to	TO
make	VB
her	PRP$
``	``
out	IN
of	IN
it	PRP
''	''
.	.
Currently	RB
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
spend	VB
time	NN
with	IN
Caron	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
guess	VBP
I	PRP
really	RB
thought	VBD
last	JJ
year	NN
if	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
everything	NN
I	PRP
did	VBD
-LRB-	-LRB-
gave	VBD
her	PRP$
money	NN
,	,
gave	VBD
her	PRP$
unconditional	JJ
love	NN
and	CC
support	NN
,	,
did	VBD
the	DT
intervention	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
Caron	NNP
would	MD
be	VB
inspired	VBN
to	TO
try	VB
to	TO
get	VB
well	RB
.	.
But	CC
as	IN
the	DT
year	NN
painfully	RB
went	VBD
on	IN
,	,
I	PRP
realized	VBD
that	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
quite	RB
devoted	VBN
to	TO
being	VBG
sick	JJ
,	,
no	DT
doubt	NN
because	IN
that	DT
had	VBD
worked	VBN
for	IN
her	PRP$
all	DT
her	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
became	VBD
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
emotional	JJ
toll	NN
it	PRP
was	VBD
taking	VBG
on	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
watch	VB
someone	NN
slowly	RB
slowly	RB
die	VB
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
her	PRP$
saying	VBG
on	IN
a	DT
talk	NN
show	NN
we	PRP
went	VBD
on	IN
that	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
afraid	JJ
if	IN
she	PRP
got	VBD
well	RB
that	IN
her	PRP$
friends	NNS
would	MD
leave	VB
her	PRP
.	.
Ironically	RB
,	,
I	PRP
feel	VBP
that	IN
if	IN
she	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
get	VB
well	RB
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
choice	NN
but	CC
to	TO
distance	VB
myself	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
stay	VB
well	RB
myself	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
But	CC
it	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
mean	VB
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
love	VB
her	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
.	.
While	IN
I	PRP
thought	VBD
the	DT
many	JJ
dramas	NN
I	PRP
went	VBD
through	IN
with	IN
her	PRP$
were	VBD
the	DT
most	RBS
painful	JJ
things	NNS
I	PRP
had	VBD
ever	RB
encountered	VBN
,	,
I	PRP
find	VBP
that	DT
separating	VBG
myself	PRP
is	VBZ
equally	RB
difficult	JJ
,	,
but	CC
sadly	RB
necessary	JJ
.	.
Dispite	NNP
my	PRP$
resolve	NN
,	,
I	PRP
continue	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
little	JJ
things	NNS
when	WRB
I	PRP
can	MD
...	:
I	PRP
have	VBP
contacted	VBN
the	DT
famous	JJ
Montreaux	NNP
Clinic	NNP
run	VBN
by	IN
Peggy	NNP
Claude-Pierre	NNP
,	,
and	CC
told	VBD
them	PRP
about	IN
Caron	NNP
,	,
but	CC
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
two	CD
year	NN
waiting	VBG
list	NN
and	CC
all	DT
of	IN
their	PRP$
patients	NNS
are	VBP
on	IN
a	DT
voluntary	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
The	DT
clinic	NN
simply	RB
offered	VBD
me	PRP
sympathy	NN
and	CC
encouragement	NN
.	.
Old	NNP
friends	NNS
of	IN
Caron	NNP
,	,
including	VBG
nurses	NNS
and	CC
therapists	NNS
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
at	IN
The	DT
Rader	NNP
Institute	NNP
continue	VBP
to	TO
pray	VB
and	CC
hope	VB
for	IN
her	PRP
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
remain	VBP
available	JJ
if	IN
she	PRP
wants	VBZ
help	NN
...	:
For	IN
now	RB
,	,
I	PRP
devote	VBP
my	PRP$
energies	NNS
to	TO
helping	VBG
people	NNS
who	WP
want	VBP
help	NN
,	,
whose	WP$
stories	NNS
also	RB
break	VB
my	PRP$
heart	NN
,	,
and	CC
though	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
not	RB
all	DT
of	IN
them	PRP
will	MD
get	VB
better	JJR
-LRB-	-LRB-
10	CD
%	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
diagnosed	VBN
with	IN
anorexia	NN
will	MD
die	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
I	PRP
feel	VBP
useful	JJ
and	CC
good	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
believe	VBP
there	EX
is	VBZ
another	DT
way	NN
to	TO
live	VB
this	DT
Life	NNP
besides	IN
starving	VBG
and	CC
stuffing	VBG
.	.
And	CC
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
this	DT
web	NN
site	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
get	VB
help	NN
,	,
to	TO
make	VB
connections	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
learn	VB
about	IN
this	DT
addiction	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
proud	JJ
to	TO
meet	VB
all	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
who	WP
read	VBD
this	DT
...	:
and	CC
I	PRP
appreciate	VBP
the	DT
unbelievable	JJ
support	NN
you	PRP
have	VBP
given	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
let	VB
you	PRP
know	VB
what	WP
happens	VBZ
to	TO
Caron	NNP
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
myself	PRP
.	.
But	CC
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
while	NN
before	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
anything	NN
significant	JJ
to	TO
report	VB
.	.
Until	IN
then	RB
,	,
dear	RB
cyber	JJ
friends	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
encourage	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
explore	VB
the	DT
other	JJ
amazing	JJ
parts	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
web	NN
site	NN
and	CC
learn	VBP
&	CC
discover	VBP
&	CC
begin	VBP
to	TO
realize	VB
there	EX
are	VBP
millions	NNS
of	IN
us	PRP
with	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
who	WP
are	VBP
finding	VBG
other	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
survive	VB
.	.
Caron	NNP
continues	VBZ
to	TO
hang	VB
on	IN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
evicted	VBN
from	IN
her	PRP$
apartment	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
after	IN
a	DT
long	JJ
landlord	NN
battle	NN
that	WDT
began	VBD
when	WRB
Caron	NNP
stopped	VBD
paying	VBG
rent	NN
in	IN
November	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
was	VBD
set	VBN
to	TO
live	VB
with	IN
a	DT
friend	NN
,	,
who	WP
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
minute	NN
,	,
changed	VBD
his	PRP$
mind	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
's	POS
response	NN
was	VBD
,	,
with	IN
her	PRP$
other	JJ
friends	NNS
,	,
to	TO
steal	VB
from	IN
him	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
VCR	NNP
and	CC
expensive	JJ
camera	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
disappear	VB
.	.
Which	WDT
she	PRP
did	VBD
for	IN
six	CD
days	NNS
.	.
Caron	NNP
's	POS
mother	NN
then	RB
called	VBD
me	PRP
from	IN
Canada	NNP
,	,
hysterical	JJ
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
called	VBD
the	DT
police	NN
detective	NN
who	WP
helped	VBD
me	PRP
last	JJ
time	NN
Caron	NNP
was	VBD
missing	VBG
and	CC
re-opened	VBD
her	PRP$
``	``
missing	VBG
persons	NNS
''	''
file	NN
.	.
The	DT
next	JJ
day	NN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
Caron	NNP
called	VBD
her	PRP$
sister	NN
to	TO
report	VB
that	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
okay	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
living	VBG
in	IN
different	JJ
places	NNS
,	,
going	VBG
from	IN
friend	NN
to	TO
friend	NN
,	,
and	CC
tells	VBZ
her	PRP$
mother	NN
she	PRP
still	RB
thinks	VBZ
about	IN
returning	VBG
to	TO
Canada	NNP
.	.
My	PRP$
instinct	NN
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
wrapped	VBN
up	RP
,	,
too	RB
deep	JJ
,	,
in	IN
a	DT
world	NN
of	IN
drug	NN
use	NN
and	CC
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
lifestyle	NN
that	WDT
makes	VBZ
t.v.	JJ
movies	NNS
look	VBP
dull	JJ
.	.
Her	PRP$
anorexia	NN
contines	NNS
,	,
but	CC
is	VBZ
only	RB
one	CD
layer	NN
of	IN
a	DT
problem	NN
that	IN
spirals	NNS
on	IN
and	CC
on	IN
.	.
Caron	NNP
's	POS
anorexia	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
main	JJ
problem	NN
here	RB
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
serious	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
quite	RB
real	JJ
and	CC
life	NN
threatening	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
point	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
certain	JJ
she	PRP
will	MD
eventually	RB
die	VB
of	IN
related	JJ
causes	NNS
,	,
yet	RB
there	EX
are	VBP
complex	JJ
issues	NNS
here	RB
that	IN
the	DT
``	``
average	JJ
''	''
anorexic	JJ
does	VBZ
not	RB
face	VB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
each	DT
story	NN
is	VBZ
unique	JJ
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
dis-service	NN
if	IN
I	PRP
pretended	VBD
that	IN
Caron	NNP
's	POS
struggle	NN
was	VBD
that	IN
of	IN
typical	JJ
anorexia	NN
.	.
Ironically	RB
,	,
Caron	NNP
would	MD
agree	VB
.	.
At	IN
least	JJS
the	DT
Caron	NNP
I	PRP
knew	VBD
and	CC
spent	VBD
so	RB
much	JJ
of	IN
my	PRP$
devoted	JJ
energy	NN
and	CC
time	NN
with	IN
all	DT
last	JJ
year	NN
.	.
She	PRP
would	MD
say	VB
she	PRP
's	VBZ
got	VBD
the	DT
anorexia	JJ
thing	NN
down	IN
to	TO
a	DT
science	NN
and	CC
that	IN
her	PRP$
daily	JJ
problems	NNS
where	WRB
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
anorexia	NN
.	.
She	PRP
would	MD
speak	VB
of	IN
the	DT
world	NN
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
it	PRP
's	VBZ
``	``
done	VBN
her	PRP$
wrong	JJ
''	''
and	CC
she	PRP
would	MD
wonder	VB
``	``
why	WRB
''	''
and	CC
did	VBD
she	PRP
``	``
deserve	VBP
''	''
so	RB
much	JJ
pain	NN
and	CC
abuse	NN
and	CC
neglect	NN
and	CC
torture	VB
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
lost	VBN
soul	NN
then	RB
,	,
too	RB
.	.
But	CC
these	DT
days	NNS
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
feel	VB
a	DT
connection	NN
with	IN
Caron	NNP
anymore	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
sad	JJ
about	IN
this	DT
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
understand	VBP
her	PRP$
drive	NN
to	TO
only	RB
take	VB
on	RP
this	DT
world	NN
drugged	VBD
and	CC
violently	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
heart	NN
is	VBZ
empathetic	JJ
,	,
yes	UH
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
also	RB
frustrated	VBN
.	.
Because	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
think	VB
she	PRP
is	VBZ
giving	VBG
herself	PRP
a	DT
chance	NN
at	IN
all	DT
.	.
All	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
choice	NN
,	,
you	PRP
know	VBP
?	.
We	PRP
all	DT
do	VBP
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
decide	VB
to	TO
feed	VB
ourselves	PRP
,	,
physically	RB
and	CC
emotionally	RB
and	CC
spiritually	RB
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
ask	VB
for	IN
help	NN
,	,
we	PRP
can	MD
change	VB
patterns	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
easy	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
biggest	JJS
things	NNS
we	PRP
face	VBP
as	IN
peoples	NNS
,	,
but	CC
is	VBZ
n't	RB
is	VBZ
worth	JJ
it	PRP
?	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
serious	JJ
injury	NN
and	CC
usually	RB
occurs	VBZ
in	IN
elderly	JJ
people	NNS
,	,
as	IN
their	PRP$
bones	NNS
are	VBP
quite	RB
brittle	JJ
.	.
Caron	NNP
's	POS
anorexia	NN
has	VBZ
caused	VBN
her	PRP$
serious	JJ
,	,
severe	JJ
decay	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
bones	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
osteopena	NN
,	,
osteoporosis	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
which	WDT
makes	VBZ
it	PRP
all	RB
too	RB
easy	JJ
for	IN
her	PRP$
to	TO
break	VB
her	PRP$
hip	NN
bone	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
only	RB
went	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
medical	JJ
hospital	NN
because	IN
the	DT
pain	NN
was	VBD
extreme	JJ
.	.
Once	RB
it	PRP
was	VBD
discovered	VBN
that	IN
her	PRP$
hip	NN
was	VBD
broken	VBN
,	,
doctors	NNS
gave	VBD
her	PRP$
demorol	NN
for	IN
the	DT
pain	NN
,	,
and	CC
hospitalized	VBD
her	PRP$
immediately	RB
.	.
Sadly	RB
,	,
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
terrified	VBN
of	IN
hospitals	NNS
and	CC
left	VBD
the	DT
morning	NN
of	IN
the	DT
third	JJ
day	NN
,	,
against	IN
medical	JJ
advice	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
staying	VBG
with	IN
friends	NNS
,	,
going	VBG
from	IN
one	CD
to	TO
another	DT
,	,
as	IN
eventually	RB
each	DT
friend	NN
can	MD
not	RB
take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
-LRB-	-LRB-
she	PRP
is	VBZ
struggling	VBG
to	TO
walk	VB
at	IN
times	NNS
,	,
is	VBZ
often	RB
tired	JJ
,	,
blacks	NNS
out	RB
often	RB
,	,
and	CC
has	VBZ
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
aches	NNS
and	CC
pains	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Caron	NNP
's	POS
mother	NN
begged	VBD
her	PRP
to	TO
return	VB
to	TO
Canada	NNP
,	,
but	CC
even	RB
from	IN
her	PRP$
hospital	NN
bed	NN
,	,
Caron	NNP
refused	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
help	NN
.	.
I	PRP
must	MD
tell	VB
you	PRP
,	,
my	PRP$
gentle	JJ
caring	NN
friends	NNS
,	,
that	IN
Caron	NNP
's	POS
problems	NNS
are	VBP
larger	JJR
than	IN
anorexia	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
addicted	VBN
to	TO
drugs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
most	RBS
likely	JJ
will	MD
utilize	VB
her	PRP$
broken	JJ
hip	NN
bone	NN
to	TO
get	VB
her	PRP$
hands	NNS
on	IN
lots	NNS
of	IN
prescription	NN
pain	NN
medications	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
understand	VBP
that	IN
her	PRP$
drug	NN
addiction	NN
stems	VBZ
from	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
her	PRP$
severely	RB
malnourished	VBN
body	NN
aches	NNS
all	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
started	VBD
using	VBG
medication	NN
to	TO
ease	VB
her	PRP$
physical	JJ
pain	NN
,	,
which	WDT
covered	VBD
up	RP
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
getting	VBG
help	NN
for	IN
anorexia	NN
would	MD
have	VB
helped	VBN
stopped	VBD
the	DT
physical	JJ
pain	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
drugs	NNS
grew	VBD
more	RBR
inviting	VBG
as	IN
her	PRP$
quality	NN
of	IN
life	NN
has	VBZ
dropped	VBN
so	RB
dramatically	RB
.	.
Without	IN
the	DT
chronic	NN
anorexia	NN
,	,
I	PRP
doubt	VBP
Caron	NNP
would	MD
have	VB
dared	VBN
taken	VBN
the	DT
drugs	NNS
she	PRP
has	VBZ
.	.
But	CC
this	DT
disease	NN
has	VBZ
eaten	VBN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
way	NN
into	IN
every	DT
area	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
:	:
physical	JJ
,	,
emotional	JJ
,	,
mental	JJ
,	,
and	CC
spiritual	NN
.	.
I	PRP
wish	VBP
she	PRP
had	VBD
stayed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
,	,
where	WRB
she	PRP
could	MD
at	IN
least	JJS
be	VB
comfortable	JJ
,	,
and	CC
even	RB
take	VB
in	RP
some	DT
nutrition	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
guess	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
pain	NN
and	CC
problems	NNS
that	IN
this	DT
broken	JJ
hip	NN
will	MD
cause	VB
in	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
couple	NN
weeks	NNS
might	MD
drive	VB
her	PRP
to	TO
go	VB
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
medical	JJ
center	NN
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
just	RB
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
as	IN
stubborn	JJ
as	IN
anorexia	NN
can	MD
be	VB
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
quite	RB
sad	JJ
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
has	VBZ
had	VBN
opportunity	NN
to	TO
turn	VB
this	DT
deadly	JJ
cycle	NN
around	IN
,	,
and	CC
just	RB
plain	RB
does	VBZ
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
.	.
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
Okay	UH
.	.
She	PRP
did	VBD
break	VB
her	PRP$
hip	NN
and	CC
now	RB
gets	VBZ
around	RP
on	IN
crutches	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
stays	VBZ
sitting	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
did	VBD
have	VB
an	DT
operation	NN
to	TO
help	VB
.	.
Unfortunately	RB
,	,
the	DT
hip	NN
replacement	NN
surgery	NN
did	VBD
not	RB
take	VB
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
it	PRP
could	MD
have	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
due	JJ
to	TO
her	PRP$
low	JJ
immune	JJ
system	NN
and	CC
malnutrition	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
so	IN
she	PRP
will	MD
remain	VB
on	IN
crutches	NNS
indefinitely	RB
.	.
She	PRP
take	VBP
perscription	NN
medication	NN
for	IN
her	PRP$
on-going	JJ
bone	NN
pain	NN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
this	DT
episode	NN
did	VBD
effect	NN
her	PRP$
deeply	RB
.	.
She	PRP
really	RB
is	VBZ
truly	RB
and	CC
painfully	RB
aware	JJ
that	IN
she	PRP
could	MD
die	VB
at	IN
any	DT
moment	NN
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
inspired	VBN
to	TO
try	VB
harder	JJR
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
moves	VBZ
around	IN
less	JJR
,	,
thus	RB
burning	VBG
less	JJR
calories	NNS
,	,
and	CC
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
able	JJ
to	TO
gain	VB
a	DT
little	JJ
bit	NN
of	IN
weight	NN
.	.
She	PRP
continues	VBZ
to	TO
try	VB
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
support	NN
of	IN
friends	NNS
who	WP
let	VBD
her	PRP
stay	VB
with	IN
them	PRP
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
trying	VBG
to	TO
move	VB
forward	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
happy	JJ
and	CC
sad	JJ
at	IN
this	DT
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
glad	JJ
the	DT
seriousness	NN
has	VBZ
finally	RB
sunk	VBN
in	IN
,	,
yet	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
terribly	RB
worried	VBN
that	IN
her	PRP$
physical	JJ
body	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
damaged	VBN
beyond	IN
repair	NN
.	.
But	CC
so	RB
long	RB
as	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
still	RB
breathing	VBG
,	,
trying	VBG
and	CC
talking	VBG
about	IN
hope	NN
,	,
than	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
continue	VB
sending	VBG
her	PRP$
as	RB
much	JJ
healing	NN
energy	NN
her	PRP$
way	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
muster	VB
.	.
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
County	NNP
jail	NN
for	IN
drug	NN
possession	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
,	,
who	WP
's	VBZ
broken	VBN
hip	NN
is	VBZ
constantly	RB
causing	VBG
her	PRP$
very	RB
intense	JJ
pain	NN
,	,
has	VBZ
been	VBN
using	VBG
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
different	JJ
drugs	NNS
to	TO
soothe	VB
her	PRP$
aching	VBG
emaciated	JJ
body	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
to	TO
escape	VB
from	IN
the	DT
painful	JJ
realities	NNS
of	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
year	NN
.	.
Like	IN
many	JJ
addicts	NNS
,	,
Caron	NNP
's	POS
luck	NN
ran	VBD
out	RP
eventually	RB
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
was	VBD
caught	VBN
during	IN
a	DT
drug	NN
bust	NN
at	IN
a	DT
hotel	NN
where	WRB
she	PRP
was	VBD
staying	VBG
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
She	PRP
has	VBZ
continued	VBN
to	TO
move	VB
from	IN
friend	NN
to	TO
friend	NN
to	TO
occasional	JJ
hotel	NN
,	,
since	IN
being	VBG
kicked	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
her	PRP$
apartment	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
her	PRP$
inability	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
rent	NN
,	,
since	IN
she	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
work	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Her	PRP$
hip	NN
was	VBD
operated	VBN
on	IN
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
taking	VBG
proper	JJ
care	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
,	,
so	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
able	JJ
to	TO
heal	VB
.	.
She	PRP
limps	VBZ
or	CC
uses	VBZ
crutches	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
around	RB
,	,
though	IN
mostly	RB
she	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
walk	VB
at	IN
all	DT
.	.
Now	RB
that	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
in	IN
jail	NN
,	,
ironically	RB
,	,
she	PRP
will	MD
receive	VB
some	DT
minimal	JJ
medical	JJ
attention	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
an	DT
inmate	NN
's	POS
right	NN
to	TO
have	VB
health	NN
care	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
She	PRP
will	MD
most	RBS
likely	JJ
be	VB
out	IN
of	IN
jail	NN
in	IN
another	DT
two	CD
weeks	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
unable	JJ
to	TO
write	VB
frequently	RB
about	IN
Caron	NNP
because	IN
our	PRP$
friendship	NN
has	VBZ
changed	VBN
drastically	RB
.	.
I	PRP
spent	VBD
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
year	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
you	PRP
look	VBP
back	RB
at	IN
the	DT
early	JJ
letter	NN
on	IN
this	DT
website	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
trying	VBG
desperately	RB
to	TO
help	VB
Caron	NNP
.	.
There	EX
were	VBD
interventions	NNS
,	,
pleading	VBG
and	CC
bargaining	NN
,	,
free	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
free	JJ
medical	JJ
care	NN
,	,
support	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
legal	JJ
action	NN
,	,
talk	NN
shows	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
,	,
to	TO
help	VB
her	PRP$
get	VB
well	RB
.	.
The	DT
bottom	JJ
line	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
Caron	NNP
decided	VBD
she	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
want	VB
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
her	PRP$
severe	JJ
Anorexia	NNP
has	VBZ
given	VBN
her	PRP$
a	DT
false	JJ
identity	NN
,	,
an	DT
illusion	NN
of	IN
importance	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
completely	RB
avoid	VB
her	PRP$
horrible	JJ
childhood	NN
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
recovery	NN
from	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
slowly	RB
let	VB
my	PRP$
efforts	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
Caron	NNP
fade	VB
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
finally	RB
realized	VBD
she	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
take	VB
them	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
very	RB
difficult	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
let	VB
go	VB
and	CC
realize	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
powerless	JJ
.	.
For	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
friends	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
loved	VBN
ones	NNS
of	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
this	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
most	RBS
horrible	JJ
lesson	NN
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
proudly	RB
work	VBP
every	DT
day	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Rader	NNP
Institute	NNP
in	IN
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
,	,
helping	VBG
the	DT
people	NNS
who	WP
want	VBP
recovery	NN
to	TO
find	VB
it	PRP
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
growth	NN
,	,
I	PRP
rarely	RB
speak	VBP
to	TO
Caron	NNP
these	DT
days	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
why	WRB
I	PRP
rarely	RB
update	VBP
this	DT
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
website	NN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
hear	VB
from	IN
me	PRP
again	RB
,	,
probably	RB
not	RB
for	IN
several	JJ
months	NNS
though	IN
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
tell	VB
you	PRP
if	IN
anything	NN
drastic	JJ
happens	VBZ
and	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
appreciate	VB
all	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
all	DT
of	IN
your	PRP$
supportive	JJ
kind	NN
e-mails	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
unable	JJ
to	TO
write	VB
back	RP
to	TO
everyone	NN
and	CC
am	VBP
so	RB
sorry	JJ
for	IN
that	DT
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
work	VBP
for	IN
Rader	NNP
,	,
for	IN
ANAD	NNP
and	CC
am	VBP
in	IN
school	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
musician	NN
-	:
my	PRP$
time	NN
is	VBZ
quite	RB
limited	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
however	RB
,	,
firmly	RB
believe	VBP
that	IN
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
and	CC
that	IN
within	IN
this	DT
amazing	JJ
website	NN
everyone	NN
can	MD
find	VB
some	DT
helpful	JJ
information	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
start	VB
them	PRP
on	IN
the	DT
wonderful	JJ
journey	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
can	MD
not	RB
work	VB
due	JJ
to	TO
her	PRP$
weakness	NN
,	,
ill	JJ
appearance	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
her	PRP$
skin	NN
color	NN
is	VBZ
yellow-grey-ish	JJ
and	CC
her	PRP$
weight	NN
has	VBZ
leveled	VBN
out	RP
and	CC
is	VBZ
much	RB
better	JJR
actually	RB
than	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
last	JJ
year	NN
at	IN
her	PRP$
all	DT
time	NN
low	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
mood	NN
swings	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
rollar	NN
coaster	NN
ride	NN
of	IN
rage	NN
and	CC
sadness	NN
,	,
hopelessness	NN
and	CC
anger	NN
is	VBZ
so	RB
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
like	IN
her	PRP$
personality	NN
has	VBZ
changed	VBN
completely	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
lack	NN
of	IN
energy	NN
,	,
osteopena	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
loss	NN
of	IN
bone	NN
density	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
hips	NNS
,	,
what	WP
caused	VBD
her	PRP
to	TO
break	VB
her	PRP$
hip	NN
last	JJ
year	NN
when	WRB
she	PRP
fell	VBD
against	IN
a	DT
couch	NN
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
now	RB
limits	VBZ
her	PRP
ability	NN
to	TO
walk	VB
for	IN
long	JJ
periods	NNS
of	IN
time	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
osteoporosis	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
loss	NN
of	IN
bone	NN
density	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
back	NN
and	CC
spine	NN
,	,
which	WDT
has	VBZ
caused	VBN
her	PRP$
to	TO
shrink	VB
in	IN
height	NN
from	IN
5	CD
foot	NN
4	CD
inches	NNS
to	TO
about	IN
5	CD
feet	NNS
even	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
failing	VBG
eyesight	NN
,	,
chronic	JJ
stomach	NN
problems	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
her	PRP$
GI	NNP
track	NN
will	MD
most	RBS
likely	JJ
never	RB
recover	VB
and	CC
behave	VB
normally	RB
again	RB
due	JJ
to	TO
malnutrition	NN
,	,
vomiting	NN
,	,
laxatives	NNS
and	CC
odd	JJ
``	``
ritual	NN
safe	JJ
''	''
foods	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
chronic	JJ
headaches	NNS
,	,
bone	NN
pain	NN
,	,
muscle	NN
atrophy	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
her	PRP$
muscles	NNS
are	VBP
weak	JJ
and	CC
worn	JJ
out	RB
and	CC
can	MD
not	RB
endure	VB
much	JJ
strength	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
health	NN
problems	NNS
that	WDT
come	VBP
in	IN
and	CC
out	IN
of	IN
her	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
24	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
looks	VBZ
and	CC
feels	VBZ
like	IN
an	DT
80	CD
year	NN
old	JJ
woman	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
think	VBP
her	PRP$
soul	NN
is	VBZ
even	RB
older	JJR
than	IN
that	DT
,	,
with	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
cynical	JJ
startling	JJ
awareness	NN
of	IN
the	DT
darkness	NN
in	IN
our	PRP$
world	NN
.	.
I	PRP
spoke	VBD
to	TO
Caron	NNP
's	POS
mother	NN
who	WP
speaks	VBZ
with	IN
her	PRP$
daughter	NN
fairly	RB
often	RB
and	CC
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
she	PRP
is	VBZ
worried	VBN
about	IN
Caron	NNP
's	POS
on-again-off-again	JJ
romance	NN
with	IN
this	DT
older	JJR
man	NN
.	.
Sometimes	RB
Caron	NNP
calls	VBZ
her	PRP$
mother	NN
crying	VBG
hysterical	JJ
saying	VBG
this	DT
guy	NN
beats	VBZ
her	PRP$
up	RP
and	CC
treats	VBZ
her	PRP$
badly	RB
.	.
Sometimes	RB
Caron	NNP
calls	VBZ
saying	VBG
she	PRP
is	VBZ
so	RB
in	IN
love	NN
and	CC
happy	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
guess	NN
is	VBZ
she	PRP
is	VBZ
still	RB
using	VBG
drugs	NNS
to	TO
take	VB
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
pain	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
condition	NN
away	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
her	PRP$
favorite	JJ
drug	NN
was	VBD
always	RB
pot	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
perhaps	RB
she	PRP
is	VBZ
sometimes	RB
telling	VBG
the	DT
truth	NN
,	,
sometimes	RB
not	RB
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
rather	RB
intense	JJ
flair	NN
for	IN
drama	NN
afterall	NN
.	.
What	WP
I	PRP
know	VBP
is	VBZ
she	PRP
is	VBZ
hanging	VBG
in	IN
there	RB
,	,
she	PRP
does	VBZ
write	VB
poetry	NN
still	RB
and	CC
remains	VBZ
an	DT
excellent	JJ
cook	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
ah	RB
,	,
the	DT
irony	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
She	PRP
eats	VBZ
just	RB
barely	RB
enough	JJ
to	TO
maintain	VB
her	PRP$
numbed	JJ
and	CC
fatigued	JJ
state	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
lively	JJ
fun	NN
girl	NN
I	PRP
met	VBD
years	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
still	RB
with	IN
us	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
,	,
in	IN
and	CC
of	IN
itself	PRP
,	,
is	VBZ
something	NN
profound	JJ
.	.
Angeles	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
hard	JJ
time	NN
walking	VBG
alot	NNS
due	JJ
to	TO
last	JJ
years	NNS
hip	NN
fracture	NN
and	CC
replacement	NN
,	,
and	CC
her	PRP$
bones	NNS
are	VBP
still	RB
very	RB
brittle	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
terribably	RB
thin	JJ
,	,
as	IN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
for	IN
so	RB
long	RB
now	RB
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
``	``
higher	JJR
''	''
than	IN
in	IN
the	DT
past	NN
.	.
She	PRP
eats	VBZ
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
a	DT
lot	NN
and	CC
only	RB
in	IN
ritualized	JJ
and	CC
finiky	JJ
ways	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
alive	JJ
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
much	JJ
of	IN
a	DT
life	NN
.	.
She	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
work	VB
,	,
though	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
lucky	JJ
that	IN
her	PRP$
boyfriend	NN
takes	VBZ
care	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
financially	RB
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
do	VB
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
recreational	JJ
activites	NNS
because	IN
of	IN
her	PRP$
bad	JJ
health	NN
,	,
weakness	NN
,	,
and	CC
lack	NN
of	IN
muscle	NN
tissue	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
malnurished	VBN
,	,
her	PRP$
hair	NN
still	RB
badly	RB
damaged	JJ
and	CC
thin	JJ
,	,
her	PRP$
skin	NN
yellow-gray	NN
,	,
the	DT
light	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
eyes	NNS
gone	VBN
.	.
She	PRP
does	VBZ
smoke	VB
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
pot	NN
because	IN
the	DT
bone	NN
pain	NN
and	CC
stomach	NN
problems	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
anorexia	NN
cause	VB
her	PRP$
pain	NN
and	CC
the	DT
high	JJ
numbs	NNS
that	WDT
pain	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
sad	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
angry	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
grateful	JJ
for	IN
all	DT
of	IN
your	PRP$
support	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
sorry	JJ
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
answer	VB
all	DT
your	PRP$
e-mails	NNS
,	,
but	CC
be	VB
assured	VBN
that	IN
I	PRP
read	VBP
them	PRP
and	CC
keep	VB
them	PRP
and	CC
treasure	NN
them	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
glad	JJ
this	DT
web	NN
page	NN
exists	VBZ
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
hopeful	JJ
that	IN
anyone	NN
reading	NN
who	WP
needs	VBZ
to	TO
know	VB
something	NN
about	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
will	MD
find	VB
it	PRP
here	RB
,	,
at	IN
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
.	.
Caron	NNP
knows	VBZ
this	DT
site	NN
still	RB
exists	VBZ
and	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
honored	VBN
that	IN
you	PRP
all	DT
continue	VBP
to	TO
ask	VB
about	IN
her	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
consumed	VBN
by	IN
pain	NN
and	CC
hurt	NN
and	CC
anger	NN
and	CC
sadness	NN
.	.
She	PRP
knows	VBZ
this	DT
world	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
unjust	JJ
to	TO
her	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
still	RB
a	DT
fighter	NN
because	IN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
n't	RB
killed	VBN
herself	PRP
and	CC
she	PRP
wants	VBZ
others	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
help	VB
and	CC
learn	VB
from	IN
her	PRP$
story	NN
.	.
This	DT
dream	NN
has	VBZ
come	VBN
true	JJ
.	.
Hello	UH
readers	NNS
,	,
all	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
,	,
across	IN
the	DT
international	JJ
web	NN
,	,
sitting	VBG
at	IN
your	PRP$
computers	NNS
...	:
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
check-in	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
because	IN
I	PRP
receive	VBP
mails	VBZ
everyday	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
wish	VBP
I	PRP
had	VBD
more	JJR
time	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
so	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
sit	VB
and	CC
write	VB
back	RP
every	DT
single	JJ
kind	NN
supportive	JJ
letter	NN
I	PRP
receive	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
still	RB
amazed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
loving	JJ
responses	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
all	DT
share	NN
with	IN
me	PRP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
read	VB
them	PRP
all	DT
and	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
thank	VB
you	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
deeply	RB
regret	VBP
not	RB
being	VBG
able	JJ
to	TO
answer	VB
everyone	NN
individually	RB
.	.
The	DT
best	JJS
I	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
is	VBZ
here	RB
,	,
on	IN
Amy	NNP
's	POS
amazing	JJ
web	NN
page	NN
,	,
tell	VBP
you	PRP
how	WRB
things	NNS
are	VBP
going	VBG
...	:
Her	PRP$
heart	NN
is	VBZ
weak	JJ
,	,
all	DT
of	IN
her	PRP$
major	JJ
organs	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
damaged	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
starvation	NN
.	.
But	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
young	JJ
and	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
taking	VBG
in	RP
nutrition	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
using	VBG
nutrition	NN
shakes	VBZ
,	,
like	IN
Ensure	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
can	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
live	VB
a	DT
non-active	JJ
life	NN
.	.
She	PRP
uses	VBZ
drugs	NNS
to	TO
keep	VB
the	DT
body	NN
aches	VBZ
away	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
marijuana	NN
&	CC
other	JJ
stuff	NN
,	,
pain	NN
killers	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
she	PRP
continues	VBZ
to	TO
write	VB
and	CC
think	VB
about	IN
helping	VBG
others	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
have	VB
the	DT
strength	NN
.	.
I	PRP
rarely	RB
speak	VBP
to	TO
her	PRP
,	,
as	IN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
settled	VBN
into	IN
a	DT
life	NN
and	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
want	VB
help	NN
and	CC
,	,
due	JJ
to	TO
my	PRP$
own	JJ
recovery	NN
,	,
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
surround	VB
myself	PRP
with	IN
healthy	JJ
loving	JJ
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
willing	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
their	PRP$
issues	NNS
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
very	RB
difficult	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
around	IN
someone	NN
who	WP
remains	VBZ
dedicated	JJ
to	TO
self-destruction	NN
.	.
Cythnia	NNP
now	RB
lives	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
San	NNP
Franiscco	NNP
area	NN
of	IN
California	NNP
,	,
with	IN
her	PRP$
husband	NN
and	CC
son	NN
,	,
and	CC
continues	VBZ
to	TO
work	VB
hard	RB
for	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
support	NN
from	IN
her	PRP$
family	NN
and	CC
parents	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
move	NN
up	RB
north	RB
was	VBD
intended	VBN
to	TO
surround	VB
Cynthia	NNP
with	IN
more	RBR
loving	JJ
people	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
continue	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
well	RB
in	IN
recovery	NN
also	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
still	RB
honored	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
working	VBG
with	IN
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
at	IN
Rader	NNP
.	.
Another	DT
sign	NN
of	IN
victory	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
returned	VBN
to	TO
one	CD
of	IN
my	PRP$
first	JJ
love	NN
's	POS
,	,
music	NN
,	,
and	CC
am	VBP
singing	VBG
and	CC
playing	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
band	NN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
recently	RB
been	VBN
interviewed	VBN
by	IN
People	NNS
Magazine	NNP
regarding	VBG
my	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
recovery	NN
,	,
and	CC
work	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
victims	NNS
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
The	DT
article	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
ready	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
published	VBN
yet	RB
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
ought	MD
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
a	DT
couple	NN
months	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
will	MD
let	VB
you	PRP
all	DT
know	VBP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
very	RB
blessed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
also	RB
,	,
again	RB
,	,
personally	RB
thank	VBP
you	PRP
all	DT
for	IN
writing	VBG
to	TO
me	PRP
and	CC
though	IN
this	DT
update	VB
can	MD
not	RB
match	VB
an	DT
individual	JJ
response	NN
,	,
I	PRP
hope	VBP
you	PRP
will	MD
accept	VB
it	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
gesture	NN
to	TO
reach	VB
all	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
who	WP
have	VBP
followed	VBN
this	DT
story	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
offered	VBN
me	PRP
,	,
Caron	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Cynthia	NNP
so	RB
much	JJ
support	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
how	WRB
December	NNP
started	VBD
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
With	IN
a	DT
couple	NN
pay-phone	JJ
phone	NN
calls	NNS
on	IN
my	PRP$
voice	NN
mail	NN
from	IN
Caron	NNP
,	,
announcing	VBG
herself	PRP
back	RB
into	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
She	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
absent	JJ
for	IN
nearly	RB
six	CD
months	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
beginning	VBG
to	TO
wonder	VB
and	CC
worry	VB
and	CC
tell	VB
myself	PRP
to	TO
let	VB
go	VB
.	.
Though	IN
she	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
have	VB
a	DT
phone	NN
number	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
waited	VBD
for	IN
her	PRP$
to	TO
call	VB
again	RB
,	,
and	CC
last	JJ
week	NN
she	PRP
did	VBD
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
,	,
she	PRP
came	VBD
to	TO
see	VB
me	PRP
at	IN
work	NN
.	.
WOW	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
actually	RB
glowing	JJ
.	.
Her	PRP$
cheeks	NNS
were	VBD
not	RB
shrunking	VBG
in	IN
,	,
hallow	NN
,	,
and	CC
gray	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
were	VBD
rosy	JJ
.	.
Her	PRP$
hair	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
falling	VBG
out	RP
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
long	JJ
and	CC
curly	JJ
and	CC
full	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
told	VBD
me	PRP
she	PRP
nearly	RB
died	VBD
six	CD
months	NNS
ago	RB
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
staying	VBG
with	IN
a	DT
boyfriend	NN
who	WP
beat	VBD
her	PRP$
up	RP
and	CC
she	PRP
found	VBD
a	DT
tiny	JJ
light	NN
of	IN
courage	NN
and	CC
she	PRP
called	VBD
the	DT
police	NN
on	IN
him	PRP
.	.
Once	RB
he	PRP
was	VBD
away	RB
from	IN
her	PRP
,	,
she	PRP
begun	VBD
to	TO
give	VB
herself	PRP
more	RBR
credit	NN
and	CC
more	JJR
attention	NN
and	CC
more	JJR
food	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
sick	JJ
of	IN
being	VBG
sick	JJ
and	CC
wanted	VBD
to	TO
take	VB
a	DT
``	``
second	JJ
chance	NN
''	''
head	NN
on	IN
.	.
Over	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
months	NNS
,	,
she	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
eating	VBG
,	,
trying	VBG
her	PRP$
best	JJS
-LRB-	-LRB-
some	DT
bad	JJ
days	NNS
,	,
some	DT
good	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
challanging	VBG
herself	PRP
to	TO
eat	VB
just	RB
a	DT
little	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
comfortable	JJ
with	IN
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
And	CC
she	PRP
started	VBD
feeling	VBG
better	RBR
quickly	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
guess	NN
is	VBZ
Caron	NNP
was	VBD
so	RB
used	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
state	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
absolute	JJ
lack	NN
of	IN
nutrition	NN
,	,
that	IN
it	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
take	VB
much	JJ
to	TO
make	VB
her	PRP$
feel	NN
100	CD
%	NN
better	JJR
.	.
Not	RB
so	RB
weak	JJ
,	,
not	RB
so	RB
cold	JJ
constantly	RB
,	,
able	JJ
to	TO
sleep	VB
more	RBR
,	,
able	JJ
to	TO
think	VB
more	JJR
clearly	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
some	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
reading	VBG
are	VBP
all	DT
too	RB
familiar	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
``	``
anorexic	JJ
fog	NN
''	''
that	WDT
your	PRP$
mind	NN
can	MD
get	VB
lost	VBN
in	IN
,	,
when	WRB
you	PRP
become	VBP
just	RB
dazed	VBN
and	CC
dumb	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Things	NNS
are	VBP
good	JJ
.	.
Her	PRP$
weight	NN
is	VBZ
up	RB
.	.
She	PRP
limps	VBZ
from	IN
the	DT
broken	JJ
hip	NN
,	,
this	DT
is	VBZ
most	RBS
likely	JJ
permanent	JJ
.	.
Her	PRP$
teeth	NNS
are	VBP
damaged	VBN
severly	RB
,	,
this	DT
is	VBZ
permanent	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
completely	RB
free	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
she	PRP
has	VBZ
binged-and-purged	VBN
a	DT
couple	NN
times	NNS
and	CC
has	VBZ
restricted	VBN
in	IN
moments	NNS
of	IN
anxiety	NN
too	RB
.	.
She	PRP
still	RB
uses	VBZ
drugs	NNS
.	.
Things	NNS
are	VBP
good	JJ
but	CC
things	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
over	RB
.	.
Things	NNS
are	VBP
only	RB
good	JJ
because	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
simply	RB
so	RB
extremly	RB
worse	JJR
before	IN
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
work	VBP
at	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
hospital	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
aware	JJ
that	IN
her	PRP$
quick	JJ
weight	NN
gain	NN
,	,
brought	VBN
on	RP
by	IN
her	PRP$
body	NN
's	POS
desperation	NN
for	IN
nutrition	NN
and	CC
a	DT
traumatized	VBN
metabolism	NN
,	,
can	MD
actually	RB
be	VB
dangerous	JJ
for	IN
her	PRP$
heart	NN
if	IN
she	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
keep	VB
her	PRP$
meal	NN
plan	NN
steady	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
she	PRP
had	VBD
done	VBN
permanent	JJ
and	CC
serious	JJ
damage	NN
to	TO
her	PRP$
bones	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
spine	NN
and	CC
hips	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
internal	JJ
organs	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
much	JJ
speed	NN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
doing	VBG
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
fooled	VBN
that	IN
she	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
gained	VBN
weight	NN
to	TO
please	VB
others	NNS
,	,
in	IN
fact	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
still	RB
worried	VBN
,	,
its	PRP$
just	RB
different	JJ
now	RB
.	.
She	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
enter	VB
into	IN
therapy	NN
,	,
she	PRP
says	VBZ
she	PRP
has	VBZ
attended	VBN
a	DT
couple	NN
of	IN
support	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
but	CC
as	RB
far	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
she	PRP
has	VBZ
not	RB
received	VBN
the	DT
professional	JJ
help	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
keep	VB
her	PRP$
from	IN
self-destruction	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
her	PRP$
hurts	VBZ
and	CC
issues	NNS
are	VBP
all	DT
still	RB
there	RB
,	,
perhaps	RB
hiding	VBG
behind	IN
the	DT
drug	NN
addiction	NN
while	IN
the	DT
anorexia	NN
lays	VBZ
dormant	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
while	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
.	.
Perhaps	RB
I	PRP
ought	MD
not	RB
be	VB
so	RB
negative	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
IS	VBZ
amazing	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
really	RB
is	VBZ
.	.
I	PRP
cried	VBD
after	IN
I	PRP
hugged	VBD
her	PRP$
and	CC
she	PRP
was	VBD
actually	RB
there	RB
,	,
I	PRP
mean	VBP
there	EX
was	VBD
something	NN
to	TO
hug	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
afraid	JJ
I	PRP
'd	MD
break	VB
her	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
thanked	VBD
me	PRP
.	.
That	DT
was	VBD
very	RB
special	JJ
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
But	CC
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
she	PRP
entered	VBD
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
she	PRP
left	VBD
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
n't	RB
heard	VBN
from	IN
her	PRP$
and	CC
I	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
for	IN
a	DT
while	NN
again	RB
.	.
She	PRP
moves	VBZ
from	IN
hotel	NN
to	TO
friend	NN
's	POS
house	NN
to	TO
hotel	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
new	JJ
boyfriend	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
very	RB
nice	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
many	JJ
friends	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
druggies	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
and	CC
they	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
blast	NN
but	CC
they	PRP
are	VBP
never	RB
sober	JJ
.	.
A	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
things	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
happening	VBG
lately	RB
.	.
The	DT
Dateline	NNP
NBC	NNP
show	VBP
that	IN
interviewed	VBD
me	PRP
finally	RB
aired	VBD
on	IN
4.2.99	CD
and	CC
I	PRP
felt	VBD
that	IN
they	PRP
did	VBD
a	DT
great	JJ
job	NN
,	,
they	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
glamorize	VB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
they	PRP
focused	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
positve	NN
ending	VBG
,	,
rather	RB
than	IN
only	RB
reporting	VBG
the	DT
drama	NN
.	.
After	IN
Dateline	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Today	NN
Show	NNP
NBC	NNP
also	RB
showed	VBD
a	DT
small	JJ
segment	NN
on	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
as	IN
did	VBD
the	DT
show	NN
Extra	NN
!	.
NBC	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
both	DT
aired	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
week	NN
of	IN
April	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
glad	JJ
that	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
got	VBD
such	JJ
important	JJ
media	NNS
attention	NN
,	,
as	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
so	RB
many	JJ
people	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
n't	RB
understand	VB
or	CC
refuse	VB
to	TO
believe	VB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
real	JJ
disease	NN
.	.
The	DT
Video	NNP
Diary	NNP
that	IN
Dateline	NNP
showed	VBD
I	PRP
had	VBD
made	VBN
years	NNS
ago	RB
in	IN
an	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
tell	VB
myself	PRP
how	WRB
life	NN
was	VBD
going	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
middle	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
never	RB
expected	VBD
it	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
shown	VBN
on	IN
t.v.	JJ
years	NNS
later	RB
,	,
however	RB
,	,
if	IN
any	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
currently	RB
battling	VBG
an	DT
eating	JJ
illness	NN
you	PRP
may	MD
want	VB
to	TO
consider	VB
doing	VBG
a	DT
Video	NNP
Diary	NNP
,	,
just	RB
a	DT
homevideo	NN
with	IN
you	PRP
talking	VBG
honestly	RB
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
worth	JJ
a	DT
try	NN
and	CC
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
valuable	JJ
documentary	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
life	NN
.	.
The	DT
People	NNS
Magazine	NN
article	NN
was	VBD
on	IN
stands	NNS
April	NNP
2	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
though	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
technically	RB
the	DT
April	NNP
12th	JJ
issue	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
cover	NN
story	NN
on	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
on	IN
college	NN
campuses	NNS
.	.
Again	RB
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
glad	JJ
this	DT
very	RB
serious	JJ
issue	NN
was	VBD
highlighted	VBN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
I	PRP
personally	RB
was	VBD
not	RB
happy	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
People	NNS
article	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
my	PRP$
story	NN
only	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
because	IN
I	PRP
felt	VBD
it	PRP
was	VBD
more	RBR
focused	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
negative	JJ
and	CC
``	``
gory	JJ
''	''
details	NNS
rather	RB
than	IN
the	DT
real-life-reality	NN
that	WDT
having	VBG
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
NO	RB
WAY	NNP
TO	TO
LIVE	VB
and	CC
that	IN
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
option	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
a	DT
few	JJ
facts	NNS
were	VBD
incorrect	JJ
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
beauty	NN
contest	NN
winner	NN
,	,
not	RB
a	DT
homecoming	NN
queen	NN
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
never	RB
told	VBD
me	PRP
she	PRP
took	VBD
75	CD
laxatives	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
she	PRP
did	VBD
take	VB
alot	NN
,	,
though	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
also	RB
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
did	VBD
pay	VB
for	IN
a	DT
lengthy	JJ
hospitalization	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
insurance	NN
ran	VBD
out	RP
-LRB-	-LRB-
but	CC
my	PRP$
parents	NNS
spent	VBD
their	PRP$
savings	NNS
so	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
finish	VB
my	PRP$
treatment	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
also	RB
the	DT
photo	NN
on	IN
the	DT
beach	NN
was	VBD
taken	VBN
in	IN
Santa	NNP
Monica	NNP
and	CC
my	PRP$
therapist	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
any	DT
pictures	NNS
,	,
its	PRP$
a	DT
medical	JJ
doctor	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
weighing	VBG
me	PRP
;	:
etc.	FW
etc.	FW
Regardless	RB
,	,
the	DT
entire	JJ
People	NNS
cover	VBP
article	NN
did	VBD
capture	VB
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
attention	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
heard	VBN
from	IN
so	RB
many	JJ
young	JJ
people	NNS
who	WP
can	MD
relate	VB
and	CC
awareness	NN
was	VBD
raised	VBN
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
record	NN
,	,
please	VB
do	VB
not	RB
use	VB
any	DT
of	IN
these	DT
media	NNS
stories	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
``	``
learn	VB
''	''
how	WRB
to	TO
continue	VB
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
behaviors	NNS
or	CC
to	TO
compare	VB
yourself	PRP
and	CC
judge	NN
yourself	PRP
against	IN
other	JJ
sufferers	NNS
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
miss	VB
the	DT
point	NN
of	IN
all	DT
of	IN
this	DT
...	:
and	CC
that	DT
is	VBZ
to	TO
demand	VB
an	DT
end	NN
to	TO
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
this	DT
devastating	JJ
chronic	NN
low	JJ
self	NN
esteem	NN
that	WDT
girls	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
are	VBP
haunted	VBN
by	IN
and	CC
willing	JJ
to	TO
sacrafice	VB
their	PRP$
entire	JJ
lives	NNS
for	IN
and	CC
their	PRP$
inner	JJ
power	NN
and	CC
ability	NN
to	TO
experience	VB
joy	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
fear	NN
of	IN
any	DT
of	IN
those	DT
shows	NNS
is	VBZ
that	IN
people	NNS
will	MD
use	VB
it	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
tool	NN
to	TO
be	VB
more	RBR
abusive	JJ
to	TO
their	PRP$
already	RB
hurting	VBG
souls	NNS
and	CC
bodies	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
please	VB
try	VB
not	RB
to	TO
do	VB
that	DT
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
see	VB
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
rather	RB
passionate	JJ
about	IN
this	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Montel	NNP
Williams	NNP
Show	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
it	PRP
is	VBZ
scheduled	VBN
to	TO
tape	NN
in	IN
mid-May	JJ
which	WDT
means	VBZ
it	PRP
will	MD
most	RBS
likely	JJ
air	NN
in	IN
early	JJ
June	NNP
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
will	MD
let	VB
you	PRP
know	VB
when	WRB
I	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
exact	JJ
date	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Leeza	NNP
Gibbons	NNP
also	RB
called	VBD
me	PRP
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
doing	VBG
a	DT
show	NN
in	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
few	JJ
weeks	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
be	VB
on	IN
the	DT
lookout	NN
for	IN
it	PRP
!	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
already	RB
contracted	VBD
with	IN
Montel	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
sure	JJ
if	IN
anyone	NN
reading	NN
this	DT
is	VBZ
interested	JJ
,	,
but	CC
if	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
tell	VB
your	PRP$
story	NN
,	,
I	PRP
encourage	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
take	VB
the	DT
time	NN
to	TO
write	VB
or	CC
call	VB
the	DT
many	JJ
talk	NN
shows	NNS
and	CC
news	NN
shows	NNS
this	DT
country	NN
has	VBZ
.	.
Talk	NN
shows	NNS
complain	VBP
,	,
actually	RB
,	,
because	IN
Rader	NNP
keeps	VBZ
all	DT
patients	NNS
confidential	JJ
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
are	VBP
always	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
find	VB
people	NNS
with	IN
dramatic	JJ
stories	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
of	IN
course	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
media	NNS
,	,
please	VB
keep	VB
that	DT
in	IN
perspective	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
media	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
tell	VB
people	NNS
about	IN
the	DT
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
Website	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
resource	NN
and	CC
a	DT
place	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
others	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
memorial	NN
site	NN
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
incredible	JJ
and	CC
baffling	JJ
.	.
However	RB
,	,
please	VB
be	VB
careful	JJ
--	:
the	DT
media	NNS
has	VBZ
it	PRP
's	VBZ
own	JJ
interest	NN
at	IN
heart	NN
and	CC
DRAMA	NN
sells	VBZ
and	CC
some	DT
people	NNS
have	VBP
had	VBN
bad	JJ
experiences	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
recieved	VBN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
mail	NN
from	IN
people	NNS
in	IN
pain	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
say	VB
,	,
please	VB
do	VBP
n't	RB
give	VB
up	RP
,	,
we	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
all	DT
fight	NN
this	DT
--	:
we	PRP
are	VBP
the	DT
ones	NNS
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
we	PRP
fight	VBP
now	RB
it	PRP
might	MD
get	VB
easier	JJR
for	IN
our	PRP$
grandchildren	NNS
or	CC
maybe	RB
insurance	NN
will	MD
cave	VB
in	IN
and	CC
pay	VB
for	IN
our	PRP$
treatment	NN
or	CC
maybe	RB
we	PRP
'll	MD
be	VB
the	DT
first	JJ
generation	NN
of	IN
women	NNS
to	TO
LOVE	VB
themselves	PRP
enough	RB
so	RB
that	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
generation	NN
of	IN
women	NNS
will	MD
have	VB
a	DT
chance	NN
to	TO
live	VB
fully	RB
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
help	VB
each	DT
and	CC
every	DT
one	CD
of	IN
you	PRP
,	,
one	CD
by	IN
one	CD
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
,	,
but	CC
DO	NNP
NOT	NNP
use	VBP
that	IN
as	IN
an	DT
excuse	NN
to	TO
not	RB
get	VB
better	JJR
.	.
Please	UH
.	.
Utilize	VB
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
resources	NNS
available	JJ
now	RB
,	,
especially	RB
on	IN
the	DT
internet	NN
,	,
and	CC
talk	NN
to	TO
other	JJ
people	NNS
still	RB
suffering	VBG
or	CC
order	NN
a	DT
book	NN
that	WDT
might	MD
inspire	VB
you	PRP
or	CC
try	VB
the	DT
suggestions	NNS
written	VBN
by	IN
those	DT
in	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Its	PRP$
called	VBN
Healing	NNP
Connections	NNP
and	CC
someday	RB
I	PRP
pray	VBP
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
a	DT
huge	JJ
charity	NN
that	WDT
does	VBZ
outreach	NN
work	NN
.	.
It	PRP
makes	VBZ
me	PRP
so	RB
sad	JJ
to	TO
know	VB
that	DT
anorexia	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
HIGHEST	NNP
death	NN
rate	NN
among	IN
psychiatric	JJ
illnesses	NNS
and	CC
yet	RB
there	EX
are	VBP
no	DT
federal	JJ
funds	NNS
for	IN
this	DT
disease	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
contrast	NN
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
funds	NNS
for	IN
drug	NN
addiction	NN
and	CC
alcoholism	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Caron	NNP
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
she	PRP
still	RB
struggles	VBZ
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
scared	JJ
she	PRP
will	MD
get	VB
back	RB
into	IN
the	DT
``	``
bulimia	NN
thing	NN
''	''
and	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
fearful	JJ
of	IN
that	DT
cycle	NN
taking	VBG
over	RP
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
irradic	JJ
in	IN
her	PRP$
eating	NN
,	,
trying	VBG
to	TO
eat	VB
but	CC
not	RB
binge	NN
,	,
trying	VBG
to	TO
not	RB
feel	VB
pressure	NN
to	TO
be	VB
``	``
skinny	JJ
sickly	NN
Caron	NNP
''	''
anymore	RB
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
enough	RB
willingness	NN
to	TO
have	VB
reached	VBN
this	DT
point	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	DT
is	VBZ
HOPE	NNP
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
kidding	VBG
myself	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
work	VBP
at	IN
being	VBG
positive	JJ
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
human	JJ
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
worry	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
scared	JJ
for	IN
Caron	NNP
's	POS
weakened	JJ
body	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
scared	JJ
for	IN
another	DT
friend	NN
,	,
who	WP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
see	VB
she	PRP
is	VBZ
dying	VBG
,	,
who	WP
is	VBZ
out	IN
of	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
the	DT
malnutrition	NN
stops	VBZ
her	PRP$
brain	NN
and	CC
psyche	NN
from	IN
fighting	VBG
the	DT
disease	NN
,	,
yet	RB
she	PRP
is	VBZ
fearful	JJ
that	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
sick	JJ
``	``
enough	JJ
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
that	DT
is	VBZ
anorexia	NN
's	POS
nature	NN
:	:
never	RB
to	TO
be	VB
thin	JJ
enough	RB
,	,
good	JJ
enough	RB
,	,
perfect	JJ
enough	RB
,	,
sick	JJ
enough	RB
,	,
dying	VBG
dramatically	RB
enough	RB
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
scared	JJ
that	IN
no	DT
one	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
insurance	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
paying	VBG
for	IN
treatment	NN
for	IN
us	PRP
.	.
And	CC
sometimes	RB
I	PRP
wonder	VBP
if	IN
mostly	RB
men	NNS
had	VBD
this	DT
disorder	NN
if	IN
they	PRP
would	MD
pay	VB
.	.
The	DT
good	JJ
news	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
found	VBN
other	JJ
people	NNS
and	CC
together	RB
we	PRP
could	MD
be	VB
unstoppable	JJ
.	.
Something	NN
Fishy	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
thriving	VBG
example	NN
.	.
Gurze	NNP
books	NNS
is	VBZ
another	DT
.	.
Healing	NN
Connections	NNP
is	VBZ
one	CD
and	CC
so	RB
is	VBZ
the	DT
newsletter	NN
for	IN
parents	NNS
with	IN
kids	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
EDs	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
can	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
on	IN
something	NN
fishy	JJ
's	POS
site	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
whose	WP$
founder	NN
,	,
Megan	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
spoke	VBD
with	IN
on	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
an	DT
advocate	NN
,	,
another	DT
voice	NN
speaking	VBG
out	RP
.	.
Hello	UH
to	TO
all	DT
!	.
I	PRP
regret	VBP
not	RB
being	VBG
able	JJ
to	TO
give	VB
more	JJR
frequent	JJ
updates	NNS
,	,
but	CC
that	DT
is	VBZ
only	RB
because	IN
there	EX
has	VBZ
n't	RB
been	VBN
much	JJ
to	TO
update	VB
in	IN
this	DT
true	JJ
tale	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
was	VBD
once	RB
a	DT
rollarcoaster	NN
,	,
ever-changing	JJ
,	,
death-defying	JJ
drama	NN
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
now	RB
a	DT
slower	JJR
evolving	VBG
portrait	NN
of	IN
pain	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Caron	NNP
does	VBZ
continue	VB
to	TO
defy	VB
death	NN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
as	IN
her	PRP$
body	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
through	IN
more	JJR
medical	JJ
physical	JJ
war	NN
than	IN
anyone	NN
I	PRP
know	VBP
.	.
She	PRP
turns	VBZ
25	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
this	DT
month	NN
and	CC
continues	VBZ
to	TO
live	VB
in	IN
various	JJ
places	NNS
around	IN
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
calls	VBZ
me	PRP
randomly	RB
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
seen	VBN
her	PRP$
a	DT
few	JJ
scattered	JJ
times	NNS
since	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
year	NN
began	VBD
.	.
Caron	NNP
has	VBZ
a	DT
limp	JJ
,	,
however	RB
,	,
which	WDT
she	PRP
will	MD
always	RB
have	VB
now	RB
,	,
after	IN
breaking	VBG
her	PRP$
hip	NN
bone	NN
during	IN
an	DT
anorexic	JJ
crisis	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
she	PRP
fell	VBD
against	IN
a	DT
couch	NN
and	CC
her	PRP$
bone	NN
deterioation	NN
,	,
osteopena	NN
,	,
caused	VBD
it	PRP
to	TO
break	VB
as	IN
if	IN
she	PRP
were	VBD
a	DT
eighty	CD
year	NN
old	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
she	PRP
has	VBZ
irreversable	JJ
bone	NN
loss	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
osteoporosis	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
throughout	IN
her	PRP$
body	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
permanent	JJ
damage	NN
to	TO
her	PRP$
teeth	NNS
,	,
heart	NN
,	,
liver	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
vital	JJ
internal	JJ
drives	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
live	VB
a	DT
full	JJ
life	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
female	JJ
life	NN
expectancy	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
80	CD
these	DT
days	NNS
,	,
but	CC
Caron	NNP
may	MD
not	RB
even	RB
make	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
40	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
her	PRP$
health	NN
problems	NNS
will	MD
exist	VB
from	IN
now	RB
and	CC
every	DT
day	NN
until	IN
her	PRP$
body	NN
gives	VBZ
up	RP
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
NOT	RB
a	DT
pretty	RB
picture	NN
AT	NNP
ALL	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
lost	VBN
the	DT
youthful	JJ
glow	NN
and	CC
her	PRP$
``	``
looks	VBZ
''	''
will	MD
never	RB
fully	RB
return	VB
,	,
so	RB
if	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
all	DT
for	IN
appearance	NN
's	POS
sake	NN
,	,
then	RB
she	PRP
has	VBZ
done	VBN
the	DT
direct	JJ
opposite	NN
of	IN
improving	VBG
her	PRP$
appearance	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
single-handedly	RB
aged	VBN
herself	PRP
beyond	IN
repair	NN
.	.
And	CC
she	PRP
continues	VBZ
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
insidious	JJ
monster	NN
of	IN
bulimia	NN
,	,
Caron	NNP
is	VBZ
also	RB
battling	VBG
with	IN
drug	NN
addiction	NN
...	:
as	IN
I	PRP
've	VBP
mentioned	VBN
a	DT
few	JJ
times	NNS
before	IN
.	.
Unfortunately	RB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
``	``
simple	JJ
''	''
matter	NN
of	IN
smoking	NN
pot	NN
to	TO
ease	VB
her	PRP$
bone	NN
pain	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
is	VBZ
less	RBR
traumatic	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
body	NN
than	IN
alcohol	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
At	IN
times	NNS
Caron	NNP
smokes	VBZ
rock	NN
cocaine	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
this	DT
is	VBZ
commonly	RB
called	VBN
Crack	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
also	RB
snorts	VBZ
powder	NN
cocaine	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
uses	NNS
speed	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
crystal	NN
meth	NN
,	,
also	RB
called	VBN
Ice	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
other	JJ
drugs	NNS
to	TO
destract	VB
her	PRP$
from	IN
living	VBG
and	CC
being	VBG
and	CC
experiencing	VBG
life	NN
for	IN
real	JJ
.	.
Actually	RB
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
sure	JJ
Caron	NNP
remembers	VBZ
at	IN
this	DT
point	NN
what	WP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
like	IN
to	TO
truly	RB
and	CC
honestly	RB
experience	VB
life	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
past	NN
,	,
when	WRB
she	PRP
has	VBZ
had	VBN
recovery	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
when	WRB
I	PRP
met	VBD
her	PRP
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
after	IN
her	PRP$
stay	NN
at	IN
Rader	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
was	VBD
nearly	RB
five	CD
years	NNS
ago	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
that	DT
is	VBZ
when	WRB
Caron	NNP
was	VBD
most	RBS
happy	JJ
and	CC
was	VBD
her	PRP$
real	JJ
self	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
funny	JJ
and	CC
witty	JJ
and	CC
fun	NN
to	TO
be	VB
around	RB
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
creative	JJ
and	CC
intelligent	JJ
and	CC
talented	JJ
.	.
Her	PRP$
time	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
spent	VBN
trying	VBG
to	TO
find	VB
the	DT
best	JJS
method	NN
of	IN
self	NN
destruction	NN
...	:
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
working	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
clients	NNS
at	IN
Rader	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
also	RB
do	VBP
volunteer	NN
work	NN
at	IN
a	DT
drug	NN
and	CC
alcohol	NN
clinic	NN
in	IN
Santa	NNP
Monica	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
called	VBN
New	NNP
Start	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
I	PRP
just	RB
happened	VBD
to	TO
begin	VB
this	DT
work	NN
about	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
ago	RB
right	RB
around	IN
the	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
Caron	NNP
was	VBD
smoking	VBG
crack	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
she	PRP
has	VBZ
periods	NNS
of	IN
sobriety	NN
from	IN
this	DT
drug	NN
,	,
a	DT
few	JJ
weeks	NNS
here	RB
and	CC
there	RB
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
this	DT
drug	NN
is	VBZ
absolutely	RB
horrifying	JJ
as	IN
it	PRP
causes	VBZ
the	DT
body	NN
,	,
mind	NN
,	,
and	CC
soul	NN
to	TO
CRAVE	VB
the	DT
crack	NN
intensely	RB
and	CC
it	PRP
beats	VBZ
up	RP
on	IN
you	PRP
when	WRB
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
use	VB
it	PRP
,	,
so	IN
you	PRP
get	VBP
stuck	VBN
and	CC
have	VBP
to	TO
use	VB
it	PRP
just	RB
to	TO
feel	VB
okay	JJ
,	,
not	RB
even	RB
to	TO
feel	VB
high	JJ
after	IN
awhile	RB
,	,
much	RB
like	IN
heroin	NN
...	:
PLEASE	NNP
do	VBP
n't	RB
ever	RB
try	VB
or	CC
experiment	NN
with	IN
either	DT
of	IN
these	DT
drugs	NNS
as	IN
their	PRP$
nature	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
change	VB
your	PRP$
body	NN
's	POS
chemistry	NN
so	IN
that	IN
it	PRP
NEEDS	VBZ
the	DT
drug	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Caron	NNP
has	VBZ
had	VBN
legal	JJ
problems	NNS
because	IN
of	IN
her	PRP$
crack	NN
use	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
able	JJ
to	TO
help	VB
her	PRP$
a	DT
little	JJ
because	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
position	NN
at	IN
New	NNP
Start	NNP
...	:
but	CC
ultimately	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
helpless	JJ
YET	RB
AGAIN	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
over	IN
her	PRP$
anorexia	NN
and	CC
am	VBP
over	IN
her	PRP$
bulimia	NN
to	TO
CURE	VB
her	PRP$
of	IN
these	DT
addictions	NNS
.	.
Along	IN
with	IN
all	DT
of	IN
this	DT
distress	NN
,	,
trauma	NN
and	CC
self	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
Caron	NNP
continues	VBZ
to	TO
attract	VB
and	CC
date	VB
men	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
sometimes	RB
abusive	JJ
to	TO
her	PRP$
and	CC
the	DT
chaos	NN
that	WDT
results	VBZ
-LRB-	-LRB-
break-ups	NNS
,	,
reconciliations	NNS
,	,
her	PRP$
moving	VBG
back	RB
and	CC
forth	RB
from	IN
different	JJ
houses	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
no	DT
doubt	NN
contributes	VBZ
to	TO
her	PRP$
self	NN
induced	JJ
vomiting	NN
and	CC
drug	NN
taking	NN
.	.
I	PRP
see	VBP
her	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
little	JJ
girl	NN
,	,
still	RB
,	,
in	IN
so	RB
much	JJ
pain	NN
and	CC
confusion	NN
,	,
running	VBG
about	RB
trying	VBG
to	TO
find	VB
love	NN
and	CC
nourishment	NN
from	IN
the	DT
outside	JJ
world	NN
,	,
and	CC
being	VBG
continually	RB
disappointed	VBN
in	IN
what	WP
she	PRP
finds	VBZ
...	:
I	PRP
can	MD
relate	VB
100	CD
%	NN
to	TO
this	DT
desperate	JJ
plea	NN
of	IN
pain	NN
and	CC
cry	NN
for	IN
help	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
sad	JJ
but	CC
sure	JJ
that	IN
many	JJ
of	IN
you	PRP
reading	VBG
this	DT
can	MD
relate	VB
to	TO
as	RB
well	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
but	CC
what	WP
I	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
the	DT
hard	JJ
,	,
hard	JJ
way	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
unless	IN
I	PRP
nourish	VBP
myself	PRP
first	RB
and	CC
help	VB
myself	PRP
first	RB
and	CC
love	VB
myself	PRP
first	RB
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
remain	VB
in	IN
the	DT
dark	JJ
and	CC
searching	VBG
outside	IN
for	IN
something	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
actually	RB
tucked	VBN
way	NN
deep	RB
down	RB
within	IN
.	.
During	IN
her	PRP$
severe	JJ
anorexia	NN
,	,
Caron	NNP
was	VBD
fairly	RB
certain	JJ
she	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
children	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
were	VBD
doctors	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
However	RB
,	,
she	PRP
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
drastically	RB
low	RB
in	IN
weight	NN
for	IN
over	IN
a	DT
year	NN
now	RB
and	CC
her	PRP$
body	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
though	IN
visibly	RB
beaten	VBN
up	RP
by	IN
the	DT
anorexia	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
began	VBD
to	TO
menstruate	VB
sporadically	RB
.	.
Caron	NNP
had	VBD
abandoned	VBN
her	PRP$
anorexia	NN
coping	VBG
mechanism	NN
in	IN
place	NN
of	IN
drugs	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
namely	RB
crack	NN
cocaine	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
her	PRP$
wrecked	VBN
body	NN
managed	VBD
to	TO
survive	VB
and	CC
sustain	VB
life	NN
,	,
as	IN
she	PRP
continued	VBD
her	PRP$
on-going	JJ
quest	NN
for	IN
self-destruction	NN
.	.
ALL	NNP
OF	IN
THIS	NNP
BEWILDERS	NNP
ME	NNP
...	:
yet	CC
there	EX
stands	VBZ
Caron	NNP
,	,
asking	VBG
me	PRP
to	TO
help	VB
her	PRP$
with	IN
legal	JJ
problems	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
drug	NN
charges	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
boyfriend	NN
dramas	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
she	PRP
battles	VBZ
between	IN
two	CD
men	NNS
,	,
and	CC
though	IN
I	PRP
think	VBP
both	DT
use	NN
drugs	NNS
,	,
she	PRP
says	VBZ
one	CD
is	VBZ
a	DT
recovering	VBG
crack	NN
addict	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
living	VBG
arrangements	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
vary	VBP
depending	VBG
on	IN
her	PRP$
romance	NN
and	CC
drug	NN
use	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
...	:
I	PRP
was	VBD
surprised	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
should	MD
know	VB
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
surprised	VBN
because	IN
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
substance	NN
abusers	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
virtually	RB
impossible	JJ
to	TO
keep	VB
track	NN
of	IN
birth	NN
control	NN
when	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
addicted	VBN
to	TO
hard	JJ
drugs	NNS
...	:
but	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
surprised	JJ
anyway	RB
.	.
Caron	NNP
went	VBD
through	IN
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
emotions	NNS
regarding	VBG
her	PRP$
pregnancy	NN
.	.
She	PRP
had	VBD
moments	NNS
of	IN
excitement	NN
and	CC
moments	NNS
of	IN
terror	NN
.	.
She	PRP
considered	VBD
having	VBG
an	DT
abortion	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
even	RB
offered	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
one	CD
for	IN
free	JJ
by	IN
a	DT
medical	JJ
professional	JJ
friend	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
because	IN
of	IN
her	PRP$
drug	NN
addiction	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
the	DT
thought	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
baby	NN
would	MD
have	VB
compromised	VBN
health	NN
and	CC
so	RB
would	MD
Caron	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
She	PRP
even	RB
called	VBD
me	PRP
hysterical	JJ
one	CD
night	NN
thinking	VBG
she	PRP
had	VBD
miscarried	VBN
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
a	DT
drug	NN
induced	VBD
psychosis	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
actually	RB
hallucinating	JJ
.	.
To	TO
be	VB
honest	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
surprised	JJ
she	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
naturally	RB
miscarry	VB
because	IN
her	PRP$
body	NN
has	VBZ
so	RB
many	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
But	CC
the	DT
human	JJ
body	NN
prevails	VBZ
and	CC
nature	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
stubborn	JJ
thing	NN
and	CC
the	DT
force	NN
of	IN
life	NN
did	VBD
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
be	VB
stopped	VBN
in	RP
this	DT
case	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
experienced	VBD
morning	NN
sickness	NN
and	CC
she	PRP
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
this	DT
lead	NN
her	PRP$
right	NN
back	RB
into	IN
the	DT
arms	NNS
of	IN
Bulimia	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
she	PRP
has	VBZ
battled	VBN
with	IN
before	RB
,	,
as	IN
nearly	RB
half	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
anorexia	NN
have	VBP
bulimic	JJ
features	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Throughout	IN
the	DT
short	JJ
pregnancy	NN
,	,
Caron	NNP
was	VBD
dealing	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
demons	NNS
of	IN
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
Addiction	NNP
.	.
Caron	NNP
said	VBD
giving	VBG
birth	NN
changed	VBD
her	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Though	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
ambivalent	JJ
at	IN
best	JJS
during	IN
her	PRP$
pregnancy	NN
,	,
the	DT
experience	NN
of	IN
having	VBG
Angel	NNP
was	VBD
extremely	RB
powerful	JJ
for	IN
her	PRP
.	.
Perhaps	RB
this	DT
was	VBD
Angel	NNP
's	POS
mission	NN
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
threats	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
courts	NNS
and	CC
my	PRP$
state	NN
referral	NN
agency	NN
,	,
Caron	NNP
was	VBD
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
go	VB
into	IN
a	DT
drug	NN
rehab	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
get	VB
clean	JJ
and	CC
then	RB
begin	VB
taking	VBG
the	DT
steps	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
custody	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
child	NN
back	RB
.	.
Angel	NNP
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
meantime	NN
,	,
has	VBZ
been	VBN
put	VBN
into	IN
foster	JJ
care	NN
.	.
Caron	NNP
went	VBD
to	TO
rehab	VB
!	.
Caron	NNP
said	VBD
giving	VBG
birth	NN
changed	VBD
her	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
she	PRP
proved	VBD
this	DT
by	IN
willingly	RB
going	VBG
into	IN
the	DT
Tarzana	NNP
treatment	NN
center	NN
for	IN
30	CD
days	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
went	VBD
through	IN
detox	NN
,	,
therapy	NN
,	,
medical	JJ
check-ups	NNS
and	CC
was	VBD
introduced	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
12-step	JJ
recovering	VBG
community	NN
.	.
I	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
hear	VB
from	IN
her	PRP$
during	IN
the	DT
30	CD
days	NNS
because	IN
patients	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
allowed	VBN
contact	NN
with	IN
the	DT
outside	JJ
world	NN
during	IN
this	DT
vital	JJ
first	JJ
month	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
during	IN
these	DT
same	JJ
30	CD
days	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
left	VBD
my	PRP$
work	NN
at	IN
Rader	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
though	IN
I	PRP
still	RB
do	VBP
consulting	VBG
work	NN
for	IN
them	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
began	VBD
a	DT
new	JJ
job	NN
at	IN
a	DT
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
center	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
During	IN
this	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
also	RB
received	VBD
an	DT
e-mail	NN
from	IN
Caron	NNP
's	POS
sister	NN
who	WP
lives	VBZ
in	IN
Canada	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
pleased	JJ
that	IN
her	PRP$
nephew	NN
,	,
Angel	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
now	RB
in	IN
good	JJ
health	NN
...	:
Caron	NNP
has	VBZ
since	IN
re-emerged	VBN
and	CC
is	VBZ
now	RB
seeking	VBG
counseling	NN
for	IN
her	PRP$
Bulimia	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
now	RB
raging	VBG
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
especially	RB
since	IN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
given	VBN
up	RP
her	PRP$
drugs	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Caron	NNP
asked	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
her	PRP$
therapist	NN
because	IN
she	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
trust	VB
people	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
after	IN
all	DT
she	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
through	RB
,	,
past	JJ
and	CC
present	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
because	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
her	PRP$
rather	RB
complicated	JJ
history	NN
.	.
Because	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
her	PRP$
friend	NN
I	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
her	PRP$
therapist	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
did	VBD
attempt	NN
to	TO
find	VB
her	PRP$
another	DT
therapist	NN
but	CC
this	DT
is	VBZ
rather	RB
difficult	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
due	JJ
to	TO
many	JJ
things	NNS
,	,
financial	JJ
and	CC
geographical	JJ
and	CC
her	PRP$
phone	NN
number	NN
keeps	VBZ
changing	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
One	CD
benefit	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
working	VBG
at	IN
Rader	NNP
was	VBD
access	NN
to	TO
an	DT
800	CD
number	NN
which	WDT
she	PRP
could	MD
call	VB
from	IN
anywhere	RB
at	IN
anytime	RB
for	IN
no	DT
charge	NN
...	:
Her	PRP$
life	NN
changes	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
daily	JJ
basis	NN
at	IN
this	DT
point	NN
and	CC
things	NNS
are	VBP
fairly	RB
drastic	JJ
.	.
But	CC
then	RB
,	,
looking	VBG
back	RB
,	,
I	PRP
guess	VBP
Caron	NNP
creates	VBZ
drama	NN
or	CC
finds	VBZ
drama	NN
or	CC
it	PRP
finds	VBZ
her	PRP$
...	:
and	CC
that	DT
is	VBZ
how	WRB
it	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
very	RB
long	JJ
time	NN
now	RB
.	.
She	PRP
calls	VBZ
me	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
always	RB
from	IN
a	DT
pay	NN
phone	NN
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
hear	VB
the	DT
rumbling	VBG
city	NN
streets	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
background	NN
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
where	WRB
she	PRP
is	VBZ
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
says	VBZ
she	PRP
needs	VBZ
her	PRP$
``	``
guardian	NN
angel	NN
''	''
and	CC
I	PRP
feel	VBP
helpless	JJ
and	CC
powerless	JJ
and	CC
not	RB
like	VB
a	DT
guardian	NN
angel	NN
at	IN
all	DT
.	.
Caron	NNP
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
things	NNS
are	VBP
at	IN
a	DT
crucial	JJ
point	NN
now	RB
and	CC
she	PRP
wants	VBZ
to	TO
get	VB
her	PRP$
son	NN
back	RB
.	.
Currently	RB
Angel	NNP
remains	VBZ
in	IN
foster	JJ
care	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
is	VBZ
doing	VBG
fine	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
Caron	NNP
must	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
California	NNP
courts	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
drug	NN
treatment	NN
,	,
drug	NN
testing	NN
and	CC
parenting	NN
classes	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
then	RB
she	PRP
must	MD
meet	VB
with	IN
the	DT
judge	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
plea	VB
her	PRP$
case	NN
and	CC
regain	VB
custody	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
son	NN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
this	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
and	CC
surprising	JJ
information	NN
...	:
although	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
typical	JJ
given	VBN
the	DT
drug	NN
abuse	NN
situation	NN
.	.
Having	VBG
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
bulimia	NN
in	IN
addition	NN
is	VBZ
simply	RB
crippling	JJ
and	CC
though	IN
her	PRP$
weight	NN
is	VBZ
``	``
better	JJR
''	''
currently	RB
,	,
Caron	NNP
's	POS
anorexia	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
be	VB
treated	VBN
and	CC
remains	VBZ
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
battle	NN
.	.
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
end	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
now	RB
,	,
though	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
update	VB
after	IN
Thanksgiving	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
by	IN
welcoming	VBG
Angel	NNP
Feldman	NNP
into	IN
this	DT
world	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
hope	NN
that	IN
his	PRP$
arrival	NN
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
such	JJ
a	DT
tremendous	JJ
gift	NN
,	,
will	MD
bring	VB
true	JJ
light	NN
to	TO
shine	VB
through	IN
this	DT
darkness	NN
so	RB
that	IN
Caron	NNP
may	MD
see	VB
her	PRP$
way	NN
through	IN
...	:
Unfortunately	RB
,	,
I	PRP
wish	VBP
I	PRP
could	MD
say	VB
it	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
happy	JJ
one	CD
--	:
or	CC
one	CD
with	IN
some	DT
answers	NNS
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
case	NN
.	.
Throughout	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
two	CD
years	NNS
I	PRP
have	VBP
not	RB
received	VBN
any	DT
further	JJ
updates	NNS
on	IN
Caron	NNP
's	POS
condition	NN
or	CC
well-being	NN
,	,
nor	CC
of	IN
her	PRP$
baby	NN
's	POS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
often	RB
the	DT
case	NN
in	IN
life	NN
...	:
we	PRP
lose	VBP
touch	NN
with	IN
people	NNS
around	IN
us	PRP
and	CC
are	VBP
left	VBN
to	TO
wonder	VB
``	``
well	RB
,	,
what	WP
happened	VBD
?	.
''	''
Like	IN
I	PRP
,	,
the	DT
rest	NN
of	IN
you	PRP
should	MD
all	DT
hope	NN
and	CC
wish	NN
for	IN
Caron	NNP
and	CC
Lisa	NNP
's	POS
best	JJS
--	:
that	IN
life	NN
brings	VBZ
them	PRP
everything	NN
they	PRP
hope	VBP
for	IN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
Caron	NNP
has	VBZ
found	VBN
her	PRP$
way	NN
to	TO
taking	VBG
care	NN
of	IN
herself	PRP
.	.
Hopefully	RB
she	PRP
has	VBZ
found	VBN
the	DT
strength	NN
to	TO
help	VB
herself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
try	VBP
to	TO
imagine	VB
she	PRP
is	VBZ
living	VBG
her	PRP$
life	NN
happy	JJ
and	CC
fulfilled	VBN
.	.
Caron	NNP
's	POS
Anorexia	NNP
began	VBD
when	WRB
she	PRP
was	VBD
about	IN
eleven	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
,	,
living	VBG
in	IN
Canada	NNP
,	,
with	IN
a	DT
Bulimic	JJ
mother	NN
and	CC
an	DT
image-obsessed	JJ
household	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
her	PRP$
father	NN
leaving	VBG
the	DT
family	NN
without	IN
an	DT
explanation	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
She	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
teased	VBN
about	IN
her	PRP$
``	``
baby	NN
fat	JJ
''	''
and	CC
dieting	NN
seemed	VBD
like	IN
the	DT
``	``
answer	NN
''	''
.	.
This	DT
began	VBD
a	DT
long	JJ
love	NN
affair	NN
with	IN
dieting	NN
,	,
binging	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
,	,
and	CC
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
teenager	NN
she	PRP
was	VBD
hospitalized	VBN
a	DT
few	JJ
times	NNS
for	IN
both	DT
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
left	VBD
home	NN
at	IN
seventeen	CD
to	TO
get	VB
away	RB
from	IN
her	PRP$
dysfunctional	JJ
family	NN
.	.
She	PRP
continued	VBD
to	TO
struggle	VB
,	,
eventually	RB
coming	VBG
out	RP
to	TO
California	NNP
for	IN
treatment	NN
where	WRB
she	PRP
ended	VBD
up	RP
making	VBG
her	PRP$
home	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
recovery	NN
for	IN
some	DT
time	NN
,	,
helping	VBG
others	NNS
with	IN
their	PRP$
struggles	NNS
,	,
but	CC
had	VBD
a	DT
relapse	NN
after	IN
being	VBG
raped	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
she	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
sexually	RB
abused	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
child	NN
also	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
This	DT
relapse	NN
was	VBD
additionally	RB
fueled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
``	``
hopelessness	NN
''	''
of	IN
having	VBG
been	VBN
in	IN
many	JJ
hospitals	NNS
,	,
seeing	VBG
many	JJ
different	JJ
therapists\/psychiatrists\/doctors	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
and	CC
never	RB
finding	VBG
the	DT
key	NN
to	TO
getting	VBG
a	DT
solid	JJ
recovery	NN
.	.
This	DT
relapse	NN
has	VBZ
pushed	VBN
her	PRP$
weight	NN
lower	JJR
than	IN
ever	RB
before	RB
.	.
She	PRP
continues	VBZ
to	TO
refuse	VB
treatment	NN
and	CC
somehow	RB
manages	VBZ
to	TO
still	RB
help	VB
others	NNS
.	.
Caron	NNP
's	POS
condition	NN
for	IN
right	RB
now	RB
seems	VBZ
stable	JJ
...	:
she	PRP
has	VBZ
hit	VBN
a	DT
kind	NN
of	IN
steady	JJ
state	NN
,	,
she	PRP
has	VBZ
n't	RB
lost	VBN
weight	NN
in	IN
a	DT
while	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
thank	VB
god	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
eats	VBZ
the	DT
same	JJ
ritualized	JJ
thing	NN
daily	JJ
and	CC
everything	NN
has	VBZ
leveled	VBN
off	RP
somehow	RB
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
many	JJ
physical	NN
pains	NNS
,	,
but	CC
does	VBZ
talk	VB
to	TO
a	DT
doctor	NN
weekly	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
busy	JJ
raising	VBG
funds	NNS
for	IN
helping	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
...	:
amazing	JJ
and	CC
ironic	JJ
and	CC
heartbreaking	JJ
.	.
The	DT
thoughts	NNS
or	CC
the	DT
pain	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
or	CC
even	RB
seem	VB
to	TO
feel	VB
just	RB
because	RB
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
in	IN
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
or	CC
even	RB
in	IN
my	PRP$
entire	JJ
life	NN
,	,
for	IN
that	DT
matter	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
built	VBN
and	CC
developed	VBN
something	NN
so	RB
incredibly	RB
true	JJ
,	,
sincere	JJ
,	,
honest	JJ
,	,
and	CC
real	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
just	RB
want	VBP
out	RP
-	:
how	WRB
much	RB
more	RBR
clear	JJ
can	MD
I	PRP
be	VB
Somewhere	RB
to	TO
go	VB
and	CC
hide	VB
with	IN
no	DT
body	NN
to	TO
have	VB
to	TO
see	VB
My	PRP$
life	NN
is	VBZ
so	RB
empty	JJ
-	:
my	PRP$
heart	NN
aches	NNS
such	PDT
a	DT
void	JJ
But	CC
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WP
I	PRP
do	VBP
,	,
God	NNP
,	,
you	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
let	VB
me	PRP
go	VB
or	CC
die	VB
there	RB
must	MD
be	VB
a	DT
reason	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
there	EX
always	RB
is	VBZ
.	.
Outpatient	NN
department	NN
of	IN
psychiatry	NN
with	IN
inpatient	JJ
acute	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Treatment	NNP
modalities	NNS
include	VBP
full	JJ
DBT	NNP
and	CC
also	RB
6	CD
week	NN
segments	NNS
of	IN
DBT	NNP
skills	NNS
.	.
CBT	NNP
and	CC
IPT	NNP
,	,
art	NN
therapy	NN
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Private	JJ
practice	NN
therapist	NN
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
family	NN
,	,
&	CC
adolescent	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
Some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
issues	NNS
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
:	:
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
grief\/loss	VBZ
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
,	,
addictions	NNS
,	,
women	NNS
's	POS
issues	NNS
&	CC
relational	JJ
struggles	NNS
.	.
Whole-person	JJ
counseling	NN
approach	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
exploring	VBG
issues	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
body	NN
,	,
heart	NN
,	,
and	CC
soul	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
client-centered	JJ
,	,
relationally-focused	JJ
.	.
Creative	JJ
expression	NN
encouraged	VBD
in	IN
healing	NN
process	NN
.	.
Licensed	VBN
Psychologist	NNP
Uses	VBZ
a	DT
team	NN
based	VBN
approach	NN
to	TO
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Coordinates	VBZ
treatment	NN
with	IN
dietitians	NNS
,	,
exercise	NN
physiologists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
professionals	NNS
.	.
Offers	VBZ
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
in	IN
Seattle	NNP
,	,
WA	NNP
and	CC
work	NN
with	IN
men	NNS
,	,
women	NNS
,	,
and	CC
couples	NNS
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
my	PRP$
experience	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
general	JJ
relationship	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
a	DT
bio-psycho-social	JJ
approach	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
,	,
meaning	VBG
body	NN
,	,
mind	NN
and	CC
relationships	NNS
are	VBP
considered	VBN
in	IN
our	PRP$
work	NN
together	RB
.	.
When	WRB
one	CD
of	IN
those	DT
areas	NNS
suffers	VBZ
,	,
all	DT
areas	NNS
suffer	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
focused	VBN
on	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
until	IN
they	PRP
discover	VBP
the	DT
health	NN
and	CC
healing	NN
they	PRP
desire	VBP
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
overcome	VBN
with	IN
both	DT
a	DT
lot	NN
hard	JJ
work	NN
and	CC
trust	NN
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
decade	NN
Ms.	NNP
Carrad	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
successfully	RB
treating	VBG
clients	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
issues	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
trauma	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
realtionship	NN
,	,
and	CC
self	NN
esteem	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Carrad	NNP
graduated	VBD
from	IN
NYU	NNP
with	IN
a	DT
master	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
in	IN
Art	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
and	CC
she	PRP
utilizes	VBZ
traditional	JJ
verbal	JJ
and	CC
art	NN
psychotherapy	NN
techniques	NNS
reflecting	VBG
psychodynamic	JJ
,	,
cognitive\/behavioral	JJ
,	,
insight	NN
oriented	VBN
,	,
and	CC
solution	NN
focused	VBD
modalities	NNS
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Carrad	NNP
has	VBZ
counseled	VBN
patients	NNS
both	DT
individually	RB
and	CC
in	IN
groups	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
settings	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
hospital	NN
based	VBN
programs	NNS
,	,
out	IN
patient	JJ
settings	NNS
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
traditional	JJ
private	JJ
settings	NNS
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Carrad	NNP
draws	VBZ
on	IN
her	PRP$
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
to	TO
assess	VB
appropriate	JJ
levels	NNS
of	IN
care	NN
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
promotes	VBZ
collaboration	NN
amoung	NN
herself	PRP
,	,
her	PRP$
clients	NNS
,	,
and	CC
outside	JJ
services	NNS
where	WRB
necessary	JJ
to	TO
ensure	VB
comprehensive	JJ
care	NN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Carrad	NNP
is	VBZ
licensed	VBN
in	IN
New	NNP
Jersey	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
Licensed	VBN
Professional	NNP
Counselor	NNP
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
New	NNP
York	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
Licensed	VBN
Creative	NNP
Arts	NNP
Therapist	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
for	IN
adult	NN
and	CC
adolescent	JJ
women	NNS
with	IN
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
eating	VBG
issues	NNS
,	,
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
women	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
difficulties	NNS
in	IN
relationships	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
clients	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
understand	VB
the	DT
reasons	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
problems	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
to	TO
learn	VB
to	TO
draw	VB
on	IN
their	PRP$
strengths	NNS
to	TO
overcome	VB
these	DT
problems	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
at	IN
The	DT
Renfrew	NNP
Center	NNP
,	,
both	DT
in	IN
the	DT
Day	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Program	NNP
and	CC
as	IN
an	DT
Outpatient	NNP
Therapist	NNP
.	.
When	WRB
necessary	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
collaborate	VBP
with	IN
and	CC
can	MD
provide	VB
referrals	NNS
to	TO
Nutritionists	NNS
,	,
Psychiatrists	NNPS
,	,
and	CC
Primary	JJ
Care	NNP
Physicians	NNP
.	.
Sliding	VBG
scale	NN
fees	NNS
are	VBP
possible	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
psyhcotherapist	NN
with	IN
a	DT
practice	NN
in	IN
Long	NNP
Beach	NNP
who	WP
has	VBZ
specialized	VBN
in	IN
treating	VBG
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
since	IN
1999	CD
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
experience	NN
providing	VBG
treatment	NN
in	IN
residential	JJ
,	,
day	NN
treatment	NN
and	CC
outpatient	NN
settings	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
found	VBN
in	IN
my	PRP$
work	NN
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
Binge	NNP
eating	NN
,	,
exercise	NN
addiction	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
distortion	NN
,	,
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
so	RB
important	JJ
to	TO
help	VB
the	DT
individual	JJ
gain	NN
an	DT
understanding	NN
of	IN
what	WP
purpose	NN
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
serving	VBG
in	IN
his\/her	JJ
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
an	DT
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
approach	NN
which	WDT
can	MD
include	VB
psychodynamic	JJ
,	,
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
,	,
experiential	JJ
and	CC
psychoeducational	JJ
therapies	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
is	VBZ
grounded	VBN
in	IN
my	PRP$
respect	NN
for	IN
the	DT
mind-body	JJ
connection	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
address	VBP
the	DT
issues	NNS
that	WDT
often	RB
coexist	VBP
with	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
trauma	NN
,	,
drug\/alcohol	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
self-mutilation	NN
and	CC
relationship	NN
difficulties	NNS
.	.
At	IN
times	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
important	JJ
to	TO
utilize	VB
a	DT
team	NN
approach	NN
and	CC
collaborate	VB
with	IN
other	JJ
professionals	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
coordinate	VB
treatment	NN
as	IN
needed	VBN
with	IN
Dieticians	NNPS
,	,
Physicians	NNP
and	CC
Psychiatrists	NNPS
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
individual	JJ
,	,
couples	NNS
or	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
and	CC
men	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
problems	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
looking	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
,	,
you	PRP
may	MD
feel	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
ready	JJ
to	TO
give	VB
up	RP
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
for	IN
good	JJ
,	,
and	CC
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
times	NNS
you	PRP
wonder	VBP
how	WRB
you	PRP
can	MD
survive	VB
without	IN
it	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
utilize	VBP
a	DT
range	NN
of	IN
theory	NN
to	TO
help	VB
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
integrate	VBP
parts	NNS
of	IN
themselves	PRP
that	WDT
are	VBP
conflicted	VBN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
learn	VB
to	TO
use	VB
emotion	NN
to	TO
access	VB
a	DT
deeper	JJR
healing	NN
self	NN
.	.
Currently	RB
I	PRP
accept	VBP
ComPsych	NNP
,	,
Blue	NNP
Shield	NNP
,	,
Pacific	NNP
Foundation	NNP
for	IN
Medical	NNP
Care	NNP
and	CC
TriWest	NNP
insurance	NN
,	,
but	CC
call	VBP
to	TO
check	VB
on	IN
your	PRP$
insurance	NN
or	CC
for	IN
sliding	VBG
scale	NN
fee	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
regular	JJ
fee	NN
is	VBZ
$	$
100	CD
.	.
Using	VBG
food	NN
to	TO
manage	VB
your	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
your	PRP$
potential	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
temporary	JJ
solution	NN
and	CC
ultimately	RB
harmful	JJ
.	.
Let	VB
me	PRP
help	VB
you	PRP
strengthen	VB
your	PRP$
connection	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
own	JJ
desire	NN
to	TO
heal	VB
and	CC
help	VB
you	PRP
learn	VBP
healthy	JJ
ways	NNS
of	IN
regulating	VBG
your	PRP$
emotions	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Claudia	NNP
Lineweaver	NNP
provides	VBZ
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
,	,
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
to	TO
individuals	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
counseling	NN
for	IN
several	JJ
related	JJ
issues	NNS
:	:
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
being	VBG
a	DT
child	NN
of	IN
an	DT
alcoholic	JJ
,	,
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
and	CC
anxiety	NN
.	.
Claudia	NNP
is	VBZ
offering	VBG
two	CD
counseling	NN
groups	NNS
this	DT
spring	NN
2007	CD
--	:
one	CD
for	IN
women	NNS
with	IN
bulimia	NN
and	CC
one	CD
for	IN
women	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
compulsive	JJ
overeaters	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
contact	NN
claudia	NNS
at	IN
claudialineweaver@hotmail.com	NN
or	CC
703-598-6190	CD
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
``	``
team	NN
''	''
utilizes	VBZ
a	DT
diverse	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
healing	NN
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
with	IN
proven	JJ
success	NN
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
teach	VB
you	PRP
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
,	,
by	IN
creating	VBG
a	DT
spiritual	NN
,	,
peaceful	JJ
and	CC
comforting	JJ
environment	NN
for	IN
therapy	NN
.	.
We	PRP
teach	VBP
``	``
mindful	JJ
eating	NN
''	''
utilizing	VBG
role-playing	NN
,	,
meditation	NN
visualization	NN
and	CC
rituals	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
set	VBP
goals	NNS
and	CC
measure	NN
success	NN
at	IN
regular	JJ
intervals	NNS
.	.
Specializing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
specifically	RB
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
utilize	VBP
both	DT
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
and	CC
insight	NN
oriented	VBN
treatment	NN
approaches	NNS
.	.
Treatment	NNP
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
reducing	VBG
symptoms	NNS
,	,
learning	VBG
new	JJ
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
,	,
exploring	VBG
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
,	,
and	CC
developing	VBG
a	DT
healthy	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
self	NN
esteem	NN
and	CC
self	NN
worth	NN
.	.
Formerly	RB
,	,
the	DT
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
day	NN
treatment	NN
program	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Renfrew	NNP
Center	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
and	CC
families	NNS
in	IN
both	DT
short	JJ
and	CC
long	JJ
term	NN
treatment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
typically	RB
see	VBP
patients	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
weekly	JJ
or	CC
bi-weekly	JJ
basis	NN
and	CC
can	MD
be	VB
helpful	JJ
with	IN
finding	VBG
appropriate	JJ
referrals	NNS
to	TO
nutritionists	NNS
,	,
psychiatrists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
support\/therapy	JJ
groups	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
trauma	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
and	CC
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
charge	VB
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
appointment	NN
,	,
as	IN
I	PRP
consider	VBP
this	DT
an	DT
informational	JJ
session	NN
and	CC
use	VB
it	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
time	NN
for	IN
us	PRP
to	TO
get	VB
to	TO
know	VB
potential	JJ
patients	NNS
,	,
answer	VB
any	DT
questions	NNS
and	CC
concerns	NNS
,	,
and	CC
determine	VB
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
right	JJ
fit	NN
to	TO
work	VB
together	RB
.	.
\*\*\*	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
&	CC
Substance	NNP
Abuse	NNP
Group	NNP
\*\*\*	NNP
Ongoing	NNP
psychotherapy	NN
group	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
substance	NN
abuse	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
meeting	VBG
weekly	JJ
on	IN
Tuesday	NNP
evenings	NNS
at	IN
7:00	CD
P.M.	NNP
Focusing	VBG
on	IN
symptom	NN
reduction	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
New	NNP
members	NNS
are	VBP
welcome	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
take	VB
insurance	NN
at	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
but	CC
typically	RB
can	MD
work	VB
out	RP
affordable	JJ
fees	NNS
if	IN
needed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
office	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
corner	NN
of	IN
Broadway	NNP
and	CC
26th	JJ
Street	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
convenient	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
6	CD
,	,
1	CD
,	,
N	NNP
,	,
R	NNP
,	,
B	NNP
,	,
and	CC
D	NNP
subway	NN
lines	NNS
.	.
Partial	NNP
Hospital	NNP
day	NN
program	NN
for	IN
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Serving	VBG
females	NNS
and	CC
males	NNS
,	,
from	IN
age	NN
14	CD
and	CC
up	RB
.	.
Individual	NNP
and	CC
family	NN
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
re-feeding	NN
,	,
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
,	,
medical	JJ
and	CC
psychiatric	JJ
services	NNS
are	VBP
combined	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
multidisciplinary	JJ
program	NN
,	,
seven	CD
hours	NNS
per	IN
day	NN
,	,
five	CD
days	NNS
per	IN
week	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
disturbances	NNS
are	VBP
complex	JJ
and	CC
multi-causal	JJ
illnesses	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
responsive	JJ
to	TO
varied	JJ
treatment	NN
approaches	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
an	DT
LICW	NNP
and	CC
an	DT
ACE	NNP
Certified	NNP
Personal	NNP
Fitness	NNP
Trainer	NNP
with	IN
many	JJ
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
treating	VBG
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
using	VBG
psychodynamic	JJ
and	CC
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
methods	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
integrate	VBP
physical	JJ
fitness	NN
and	CC
strength	NN
training	NN
into	IN
the	DT
work	NN
as	IN
a	DT
means	NN
of	IN
connecting	VBG
the	DT
body	NN
with	IN
emotional	JJ
processes	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
support	NN
groups	NNS
for	IN
adolescent	JJ
females	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
psychoeducational	JJ
tool	NN
in	IN
hopes	NNS
of	IN
decreasing	VBG
and	CC
preventing	VBG
the	DT
rise	NN
in	IN
all	DT
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
``	``
It	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
that	IN
when	WRB
we	PRP
no	RB
longer	RBR
know	VB
what	WP
to	TO
do	VB
,	,
we	PRP
have	VBP
come	VBN
to	TO
our	PRP$
real	JJ
work	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
when	WRB
we	PRP
no	RB
longer	RBR
know	VB
which	WDT
way	NN
to	TO
go	VB
,	,
we	PRP
have	VBP
begun	VBN
our	PRP$
real	JJ
journey	NN
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
W.	NNP
Berry	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
consistently	RB
surprised	VBN
by	IN
our	PRP$
ability	NN
to	TO
grow	VB
and	CC
adapt	VB
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
our	PRP$
self-imposed	JJ
limitations	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
goal	NN
when	WRB
working	VBG
with	IN
clients	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
support	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
find	VB
a	DT
balance	NN
between	IN
the	DT
practical	JJ
,	,
the	DT
emotional	JJ
,	,
the	DT
rational	JJ
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
spiritual	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
manner	NN
is	VBZ
warm	JJ
,	,
interactive	JJ
,	,
and	CC
respectful	JJ
.	.
Our	PRP$
work	NN
together	RB
will	MD
likely	RB
combine	VB
exploring	VBG
personal	JJ
history	NN
and	CC
current	JJ
concerns	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
look	VBP
for	IN
patterns	NNS
and	CC
deeper	JJR
issues	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
created	VBN
or	CC
contributed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
challenges	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
today	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
your	PRP$
needs	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
goals	NNS
we	PRP
create	VBP
together	RB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
specialty	NN
in	IN
Expressive	NNP
Arts	NNP
Therapy	NNP
for	IN
interested	JJ
clients	NNS
.	.
Arts	NNS
therapy	NN
uses	VBZ
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
of	IN
the	DT
arts	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
writing	NN
,	,
visual	JJ
art	NN
,	,
movement	NN
,	,
drama	NN
,	,
music	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
express	VB
feelings	NNS
and	CC
explore	VB
issues	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
therapeutic	JJ
context	NN
.	.
Creative	JJ
thought	NN
and	CC
action	NN
are	VBP
essential	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
healthy	JJ
psyche	NN
,	,
to	TO
a	DT
thriving	JJ
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
arts	NNS
therapy	NN
groups	NNS
for	IN
those	DT
in	IN
recovery	NN
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Outpatient	NN
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
service	NN
offering	NN
individual	NN
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
group	NN
counselling	NN
for	IN
people	NNS
over	IN
sixteen	CD
suffering	NN
from	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
or	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
.	.
Therapist	NN
training	NN
and	CC
trainee	NN
counsellor	NN
placements	NNS
available	JJ
.	.
Drop-in	JJ
service	NN
available	JJ
.	.
Service	NNP
is	VBZ
normally	RB
free	JJ
of	IN
charge	NN
to	TO
Stockport	NNP
,	,
Cheshire	NNP
residents	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
Carolina	NNP
House	NNP
,	,
we	PRP
provide	VBP
treatment	NN
for	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
and	CC
related	JJ
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
treatment	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
ages	NNS
seventeen	JJ
and	CC
up	RB
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
created	VBN
an	DT
opportunity	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
to	TO
recover	VB
in	IN
a	DT
naturalistic	JJ
setting	NN
where	WRB
routine	JJ
life	NN
experiences	NNS
can	MD
occur	VB
;	:
this	DT
can	MD
be	VB
challenging	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
residents	NNS
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
also	RB
encourages	VBZ
growth	NN
.	.
The	DT
Carolina	NNP
House	NNP
offers	VBZ
a	DT
multitude	NN
of	IN
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
group	NN
therapies	NNS
designed	VBN
to	TO
promote	VB
healing	NN
.	.
These	DT
include	VBP
:	:
Dialectical	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
Culinary	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
Nutrition	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
Spirituality	NNP
,	,
Expressive	NNP
Art	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
Equine	NNP
Assisted	NNP
Psychotherapy	NNP
,	,
Yoga	NNP
and	CC
Mindfulness	NNP
Therapy	NNP
.	.
Education-based	JJ
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
nutrition	NN
education	NN
program	NN
that	WDT
covers	VBZ
topics	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
normal	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
healthy	JJ
body	NN
,	,
nutrients	NNS
,	,
and	CC
normal	JJ
exercise	NN
.	.
The	DT
information	NN
is	VBZ
presented	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
clear	JJ
,	,
straightforward	JJ
way	NN
by	IN
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
.	.
Detailed	JJ
handouts	NNS
are	VBP
given	VBN
,	,
and	CC
visual	JJ
aids	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
food	NN
models	NNS
or	CC
drawings	NNS
from	IN
an	DT
anatomy	NN
book	NN
are	VBP
used	VBN
.	.
The	DT
aim	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
patient	NN
to	TO
learn	VB
the	DT
information	NN
in	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
,	,
calm	JJ
setting	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
helpful	JJ
addition	NN
to	TO
regular	JJ
counseling	NN
with	IN
a	DT
psychologist	NN
or	CC
counselor	NN
.	.
Examples	NNS
of	IN
topics	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
covered	VBN
:	:
``	``
Normal	NNP
Eating	NNP
''	''
-	:
knowing	VBG
when	WRB
to	TO
eat-knowing	JJ
how	WRB
much	JJ
to	TO
eat-listening	JJ
to	TO
hunger	NN
and	CC
fullness	NN
signals-what	JJ
foods	NNS
make	VBP
up	RP
normal	JJ
meals	NNS
and	CC
snacks-natural	JJ
and	CC
organic	JJ
foods-flexible	JJ
healthy	JJ
eating-eating	JJ
what	WP
sounds	VBZ
good	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
moment	NN
``	``
Malnutrition	NN
''	''
-	:
how	WRB
nutrients	NNS
are	VBP
used	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
body-symptoms	NNS
of	IN
mild	JJ
,	,
moderate	JJ
,	,
and	CC
severe	JJ
malnutrition	NN
``	``
Exercise	NN
''	''
-	:
exercising	VBG
with	IN
kindness-how	JJ
health	NN
and	CC
lifestyle	NN
issues	NNS
affect	VBP
physical	JJ
conditioning-guidelines	NNS
for	IN
normal	JJ
,	,
healthy	JJ
exercise-how	NN
to	TO
exercise	VB
while	IN
recovering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
``	``
Body	NNP
Image	NN
``	``
Body	NNP
image	NN
is	VBZ
addressed	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
Normal	JJ
,	,
healthy	JJ
body	NN
fat	NN
and	CC
body	NN
weight	NN
are	VBP
thoroughly	RB
covered	VBN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
this	DT
,	,
a	DT
body	NN
image	NN
exercise	NN
is	VBZ
given	VBN
at	IN
each	DT
visit	NN
.	.
These	DT
exercises	NNS
promote	VBP
relaxation	NN
,	,
healing	NN
,	,
and	CC
kindness	NN
to	TO
the	DT
self	NN
and	CC
all	DT
people	NNS
.	.
Sessions	NNP
are	VBP
30	CD
minutes	NNS
every	DT
2	CD
weeks	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
takes	VBZ
15-20	CD
visits	NNS
to	TO
complete	VB
.	.
Payment	NN
is	VBZ
due	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
service	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
insurance	NN
plans	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
cover	VB
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
,	,
so	RB
insurance	NN
claims	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
filed	VBN
.	.
A	DT
sliding	VBG
scale	NN
fee	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
income	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
.	.
Patients	NNS
are	VBP
expected	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
under	IN
the	DT
care	NN
of	IN
a	DT
psychologist	NN
or	CC
counselor	NN
and	CC
a	DT
physician	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
The	DT
dietitian	NN
maintains	VBZ
open	JJ
communication	NN
with	IN
these	DT
professionals	NNS
.	.
Note	NN
:	:
This	DT
is	VBZ
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
,	,
so	RB
patients	NNS
are	VBP
responsible	JJ
for	IN
deciding	VBG
whether	IN
to	TO
eat	VB
and	CC
what	WP
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
Patients	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
unable	JJ
to	TO
eat	VB
enough	RB
or	CC
reduce	VB
purging	VBG
enough	RB
to	TO
be	VB
medically	RB
stable	JJ
are	VBP
referred	VBN
to	TO
inpatient	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
and	CC
nutrition	NN
therapist	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
normalization	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
problems	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
young	JJ
adults	NNS
including	VBG
working	VBG
at	IN
Children	NNP
's	POS
Hospital	NNP
,	,
Boston	NNP
for	IN
4	CD
years	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
being	VBG
instrumental	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
opening	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Klarman	NNP
Center	NNP
,	,
at	IN
McLean	NNP
Hospital	NNP
,	,
in	IN
Belmont	NNP
,	,
MA	NNP
.	.
``	``
Taking	VBG
your	PRP$
health	NN
to	TO
new	JJ
peaks	NNS
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
weight	NN
mangament	NN
,	,
through	IN
a	DT
non-diet	JJ
approach	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
focus	NN
is	VBZ
on	IN
supporting	VBG
and	CC
motivating	VBG
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
to	TO
normalize	VB
their	PRP$
eating	VBG
patterns	NNS
and	CC
behaviors	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
assist	VBP
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
in	IN
establishing	VBG
a	DT
healthy	JJ
relationship	NN
to	TO
food	NN
to	TO
move	VB
towards	IN
a	DT
balanced	JJ
lifestyle	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
optimal	JJ
health	NN
.	.
Nutrition	NNP
counseling	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
by	IN
phone	NN
,	,
email	NN
,	,
and	CC
in-person	JJ
.	.
Health	NNP
Management	NNP
Institute\/Canopy	NNP
Cove	NNP
provides	VBZ
outpatient	NN
,	,
partial	JJ
hospitalization	NN
,	,
and	CC
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
those	DT
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
related	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
Treatment	NNP
is	VBZ
offered	VBN
for	IN
both	DT
males	NNS
and	CC
females	NNS
ages	NNS
8	CD
and	CC
up	RB
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Lynda	NNP
Brogdon	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
founder	NN
of	IN
HMI\/Canopy	NNP
Cove	NNP
and	CC
has	VBZ
been	VBN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
for	IN
over	IN
20	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Canopy	NNP
Cove	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Christian-based	JJ
program	NN
centered	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
recovery	NN
model	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
An	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
about	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
food	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
feelings	NNS
and	CC
unresolved	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
By	IN
identifying	VBG
and	CC
resolving	VBG
these	DT
issues	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
full	JJ
recovery	NN
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
reality	NN
.	.
An	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
as	IN
unique	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
and	CC
to	TO
meet	VB
those	DT
individual	JJ
needs	NNS
,	,
Canopy	NNP
Cove	NNP
develops	VBZ
a	DT
treatment	NN
plan	NN
and	CC
meal	NN
pattern	NN
exclusively	RB
for	IN
each	DT
client	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
program	NN
provides	VBZ
:	:
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
dietary	JJ
counseling	NN
,	,
family	NN
sessions	NNS
&	CC
education	NN
,	,
medical	JJ
monitoring	NN
,	,
art	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
music	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
movement	NN
,	,
nature	NN
,	,
therapeutic	JJ
field	NN
trips	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
work	NN
,	,
equine	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
spirituality	NN
,	,
a	DT
safe	JJ
and	CC
therapeutic	JJ
environment	NN
,	,
a	DT
small	JJ
group	NN
census	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
compassionate	JJ
and	CC
experienced	JJ
staff	NN
.	.
Offering	VBG
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
and	CC
educational	JJ
workshops	NNS
for	IN
clients	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
Southern	NNP
New	NNP
Mexico	NNP
and	CC
West	NNP
Texas	NNP
.	.
A	DT
Registered	NNP
Dietitian	NNP
since	IN
1990	CD
specializing	VBG
in	IN
Women	NNP
's	POS
Health	NNP
and	CC
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
Water	NNP
's	POS
Edge	NNP
offers	VBZ
both	DT
individual	JJ
services	NNS
and	CC
an	DT
Intensive	JJ
Outpatient	NNP
Program	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
IOP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
adults\/adolescents	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Dietitian	NNP
consultation	NN
and	CC
DBT	NNP
groups	NNS
for	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
are	VBP
available	JJ
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
traditional	JJ
individual\/family	JJ
therapry	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
IOP	NNP
program	NN
incorporates	VBZ
traditional	JJ
treatment	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
psychotherapy\/dietitian	JJ
consultation	NN
,	,
meal	NN
support	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
with	IN
complimentary	JJ
alternative	NN
methods	NNS
including	VBG
yoga\/movement	NN
,	,
spiritual	JJ
care	NN
and	CC
mindful	JJ
leisure	NN
walks	VBZ
.	.
Wendy	NNP
Winkleman	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
registered	VBN
,	,
licenced	VBN
dietitian	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
working	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
for	IN
3	CD
years	NNS
,	,
specializing	VBG
in	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
.	.
She	PRP
received	VBD
her	PRP$
undergraduated	JJ
degree	NN
in	IN
Food	NNP
Science	NNP
and	CC
Human	NNP
Nutrition	NNP
,	,
with	IN
a	DT
specialization	NN
in	IN
Dietetics	NNP
from	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Florida	NNP
.	.
Working	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
Nutrition	NNP
Therapist	NNP
at	IN
Ridgeview	NNP
Institute	NNP
has	VBZ
given	VBN
her	PRP$
the	DT
skills	NNS
and	CC
experience	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
treat	VB
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
dysfunctional	JJ
eating	NN
patterns	NNS
to	TO
severe	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
behavior	NN
.	.
She	PRP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
behavior	NN
modificiation	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
improvement	NN
,	,
normalization	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
patterns	NNS
,	,
weight	NN
management	NN
,	,
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
,	,
mindful	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
and	CC
separating	VBG
food	NN
from	IN
feelings	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
works	VBZ
mostly	RB
with	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
.	.
Walden	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
Care	NNP
treats	VBZ
all	DT
forms	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
;	:
males	NNS
and	CC
females	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
Walden	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
Care	NNP
also	RB
works	VBZ
with	IN
Athletes	NNPS
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Exercisers	NNPS
,	,
Food	NNP
Addiction	NNP
,	,
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
,	,
Obsessive	NNP
Compulsive	NNP
Disorder	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
OCD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
Body	NNP
Dysmorphic	NNP
Disorder	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
BDD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Walden	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
Care	NNP
has	VBZ
responded	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
evolving	VBG
knowledge	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
by	IN
becoming	VBG
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
hospitals	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
country	NN
to	TO
offer	VB
the	DT
full	JJ
``	``
continuum	NN
of	IN
care	NN
''	''
for	IN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
:	:
Inpatient	JJ
care	NN
,	,
Residential	NNP
care	NN
,	,
Partial	JJ
hospitalization	NN
,	,
and	CC
Intensive	NNP
outpatient	NN
care	NN
.	.
For	IN
those	DT
with	IN
advanced	JJ
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
24-hour	JJ
monitoring	NN
and	CC
nursing	NN
care	NN
are	VBP
essential	JJ
.	.
Treatment	NNP
at	IN
this	DT
level	NN
stabilizes	VBZ
the	DT
patient	NN
in	IN
preparation	NN
for	IN
intensive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
,	,
medical	JJ
,	,
nutritional	JJ
and	CC
psychological	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
Walden	NNP
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
only	RB
a	DT
few	JJ
hospitals	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
country	NN
to	TO
offer	VB
acute	JJ
inpatient	JJ
care	NN
in	IN
a	DT
specialized	VBN
,	,
dedicated	VBN
program	NN
.	.
Inpatient	JJ
care	NN
typically	RB
lasts	VBZ
for	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
weeks	NNS
.	.
As	IN
patients	NNS
progress	NN
,	,
they	PRP
advance	VBP
to	TO
their	PRP$
residential	JJ
program	NN
at	IN
Walden	NNP
Place	NNP
or	CC
our	PRP$
partial	JJ
hospitalization	NN
program	NN
.	.
For	IN
those	DT
who	WP
still	RB
need	VBP
a	DT
structured	JJ
,	,
full-time	JJ
program	NN
,	,
Walden	NNP
Place	NNP
provides	VBZ
treatment	NN
in	IN
a	DT
comfortable	JJ
,	,
home-like	JJ
setting	NN
.	.
Partial	JJ
hospitalization	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
recommended	VBN
treatment	NN
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
not	RB
quite	RB
ready	JJ
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
transition	NN
from	IN
fulltime	JJ
hospital	NN
care	NN
to	TO
independent	JJ
living	NN
.	.
It	PRP
includes	VBZ
a	DT
daily	JJ
,	,
structured	JJ
program	NN
,	,
but	CC
patients	NNS
return	VBP
home	NN
each	DT
evening	NN
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
care	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
patients	NNS
complete	VB
their	PRP$
readjustment	NN
and	CC
maintain	VB
healthy	JJ
eating	NN
patterns	NNS
.	.
Patients	NNS
move	VBP
in	IN
both	DT
directions	NNS
within	IN
Walden	NNP
's	POS
care	NN
system	NN
.	.
When	WRB
more	RBR
intensive	JJ
care	NN
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
available	JJ
for	IN
them	PRP
.	.
As	IN
they	PRP
gain	VBP
control	NN
over	IN
their	PRP$
disorder	NN
,	,
they	PRP
move	VBP
toward	IN
independent	JJ
living	NN
.	.
Because	IN
they	PRP
provide	VBP
a	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
options	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
can	MD
treat	VB
patients	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
at	IN
any	DT
stage	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
,	,
patients	NNS
receive	VBP
uninterrupted	JJ
medical	JJ
care	NN
as	IN
they	PRP
advance	VBP
toward	IN
lasting	JJ
recovery	NN
.	.
Their	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
Service	NNP
provides	VBZ
discrete	JJ
,	,
highly	RB
specialized	VBN
treatment	NN
for	IN
patients	NNS
13	CD
and	CC
older	JJR
with	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
binge-eating	JJ
disorder	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
call	NN
781-647-6727	CD
,	,
email	NN
mmoran@waldenbehavioralcare.com	NN
,	,
or	CC
visit	VB
our	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
at	IN
www.waldenbehavioralcare.com	NN
.	.
Wekiva	NNP
Springs	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Women	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
fully	RB
licensed	JJ
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
program	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
accredited	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Joint	NNP
Commission	NNP
on	IN
Accreditation	NNP
of	IN
Healthcare	NNP
Organizations	NNP
.	.
Wekiva	NNP
Springs	NNP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
addictions	NNS
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
trauma	NN
recovery	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
mood	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
exclusively	RB
for	IN
women	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
residential	JJ
program	NN
provides	VBZ
comprehensive	JJ
,	,
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
proven	JJ
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
and	CC
12-Step	JJ
philosophies	NNS
.	.
Individualized	VBN
treatment	NN
plans	NNS
are	VBP
formulated	VBN
by	IN
our	PRP$
multidisciplinary	JJ
clinical	JJ
staff	NN
to	TO
promote	VB
successful	JJ
recovery	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
your	PRP$
needs	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
or	CC
a	DT
woman	NN
you	PRP
love	VBP
are	VBP
ready	JJ
to	TO
regain	VB
control	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
we	PRP
encourage	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
take	VB
action	NN
.	.
Wekiva	NNP
Springs	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Women	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
place	NN
of	IN
hope	NN
and	CC
healing	NN
,	,
exclusively	RB
treating	VBG
women	NNS
for	IN
addictions	NNS
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
trauma	NN
,	,
and	CC
mood	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
Medical	JJ
clinic	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
treatment	NN
.	.
Three	CD
levels	NNS
of	IN
care	NN
offered	VBD
ranging	VBG
from	IN
outpatient	NN
to	TO
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
day	NN
treatment	NN
program	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
IOP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Staffing	NN
includes	VBZ
Physician	NNP
,	,
Nurse	NNP
Practitioner	NNP
,	,
Physician	NNP
Assistant	NNP
,	,
Dietitian	NNP
and	CC
Nutrition	NNP
support	NN
staff	NN
,	,
Psychologist	NN
,	,
and	CC
Exercise	NNP
Physiologists	NNPS
.	.
Located	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Fremont	NNP
area	NN
of	IN
Seattle	NNP
.	.
All	DT
ages	NNS
treated	VBN
.	.
Our	PRP$
IOP	NNP
program	NN
is	VBZ
geared	VBN
for	IN
adults	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
structured	VBN
as	IN
5	CD
days	NNS
per	IN
week	NN
of	IN
nutritional	JJ
support	NN
,	,
close	JJ
medical	JJ
monitoring	NN
,	,
exercise	NN
rehabilitation	NN
and	CC
group	NN
psychotherapy	NN
.	.
All	DT
forms	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
treated	VBD
,	,
including	VBG
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
Purge	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
Binge	NNP
Disorder	NNP
and	CC
ED	NNP
NOS.	NNP
Manna	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Center	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Christian-based	JJ
facility	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
currently	RB
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
,	,
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
Please	VB
see	VB
our	PRP$
website	NN
for	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
thorough	JJ
description	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
services	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
program	NN
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
4	CD
hour	NN
4	CD
evening	NN
a	DT
week	NN
recovery	NN
program	NN
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
a	DT
meal	NN
and	CC
a	DT
snack	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
safe	JJ
and	CC
compassionate	JJ
setting	NN
for	IN
ED	NNP
treatment	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
staff	NN
are	VBP
recovered	VBN
professionals	NNS
,	,
with	IN
first	JJ
hand	NN
experience	NN
in	IN
the	DT
``	``
recovery	NN
''	''
journey	NN
.	.
The	DT
Intensive	NNP
Outpatient	NNP
Program	NNP
accepts	VBZ
the	DT
following	JJ
insurance	NN
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
eligibility	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
often	RB
adding	VBG
more	RBR
:	:
Aetna	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
HealthPacifiCare	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
HealthUnited	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
HealthCignaValue	NNP
Options	NNPS
Blue	NNP
Cross	NNP
of	IN
Californai	NNP
.	.
A	DT
new	JJ
,	,
community	NN
based	VBN
extended	JJ
treatment	NN
center	NN
for	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Tapestry	NN
within	IN
walking	VBG
distance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
main	JJ
street	NN
in	IN
Brevard	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
helping	VBG
women	NNS
develop	VB
recovery	NN
skills	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
structured	JJ
yet	RB
non-restrictive	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
6	CD
beds	NNS
and	CC
offer	VBP
weekly	JJ
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
with	IN
a	DT
certified	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
therapist	NN
,	,
full	JJ
psychiatric	JJ
coverage	NN
,	,
DBT	NNP
,	,
Yoga	NNP
,	,
Massage	NNP
,	,
expressive	JJ
arts	NNS
and	CC
recreational	JJ
therapies	NNS
including	VBG
a	DT
low	JJ
ropes	NNS
course	NN
and	CC
equine	NN
assisted	VBD
therapy	NN
nearby	RB
.	.
Private	JJ
pay	NN
.	.
The	DT
Bella	NNP
Vita	NNP
at	IN
BHC	NNP
Alhambra	NNP
Hospital	NNP
provides	VBZ
a	DT
full	JJ
continuum	NN
of	IN
care	NN
,	,
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
inpatient	NN
,	,
residential	JJ
,	,
partial	JJ
hospitalization	NN
and	CC
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
levels	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
treat	VBP
adolescents	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
13yrs	NNS
and	CC
up	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
adults	NNS
,	,
male	NN
and	CC
female	NN
.	.
We	PRP
accept	VBP
most	RBS
insurance	NN
plans	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
or	CC
come	VB
in	IN
for	IN
a	DT
free	JJ
assessment	NN
.	.
The	DT
Casa	NNP
de	IN
Lago	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Center	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
residential	JJ
program	NN
for	IN
adolescent	JJ
females	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
ages	NNS
of	IN
12-17	CD
.	.
Located	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
beautiful	JJ
private	JJ
gated	JJ
community	NN
of	IN
Canyon	NNP
Lake	NNP
,	,
Casa	NNP
de	IN
Lago	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
tranquil	JJ
setting	NN
that	WDT
fosters	VBZ
growth	NN
and	CC
promotes	VBZ
healing	NN
.	.
Each	DT
client	NN
receives	VBZ
specialized	VBN
treatment	NN
for	IN
such	JJ
diagnoses	NNS
as	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
Trauma	NNP
,	,
Depression	NNP
,	,
Peer	NNP
Relation	NNP
and	CC
Co-Occurring	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
.	.
Our	PRP$
program	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
recovery	NN
model	NN
that	WDT
addresses	VBZ
both	CC
the	DT
psychological	JJ
and	CC
physiological	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
teen	JJ
issues	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
intensive	JJ
,	,
individualized	JJ
,	,
and	CC
multi-dimensional	JJ
structured	JJ
setting	NN
.	.
Clients	NNS
will	MD
receive	VB
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
family	NN
education	NN
,	,
and	CC
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
ACORN	NNP
Food	NNP
Dependency	NNP
Recovery	NNP
Services	NNPS
is	VBZ
a	DT
professional	JJ
organization	NN
committed	VBN
to	TO
helping	VBG
other	JJ
food	NN
addicts	NNS
.	.
All	DT
staff	NN
members	NNS
are	VBP
food	NN
addicts	NNS
with	IN
long-term	JJ
stable	JJ
abstinence	NN
and	CC
recovery	NN
.	.
The	DT
primary	JJ
work	NN
in	IN
ACORN	NNP
groups	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
achieve	VB
and	CC
maintain	VB
abstinence	NN
,	,
be	VB
rigorously	RB
honest	JJ
about	IN
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
feelings	NNS
,	,
and	CC
share	NN
about	IN
in-depth	JJ
spiritual	JJ
work	NN
.	.
Remuda	NNP
Ranch	NNP
provides	VBZ
inpatient	JJ
and	CC
residential	JJ
programs	NNS
for	IN
women	NNS
and	CC
girls	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
related	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
In	IN
our	PRP$
unique	JJ
,	,
non-institutional	JJ
settings	NNS
,	,
our	PRP$
treatment	NN
teams	NNS
,	,
consisting	VBG
of	IN
Psychiatric	NNP
and	CC
Primary	JJ
Care	NNP
Providers	NNP
,	,
Registered	NNP
Dietitians	NNPS
,	,
Masters	NNP
Level	NNP
Therapists	NNPS
,	,
Psychologists	NNS
and	CC
Registered	NNP
Nurses	NNPS
,	,
offer	VBP
Biblically	NNP
based	VBN
intensive	JJ
care	NN
.	.
These	DT
compassionate	JJ
professionals	NNS
support	VBP
each	DT
resident	NN
by	IN
providing	VBG
the	DT
right	NN
tools	NNS
to	TO
live	VB
a	DT
healthy	JJ
and	CC
productive	JJ
life	NN
.	.
Having	VBG
recovered	VBN
from	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
10	CD
year	NN
struggle	NN
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
Vonnie	NNP
has	VBZ
over	IN
20	CD
years	NNS
experience	NN
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
sufferers	NNS
and	CC
carers	NNS
.	.
Trained	VBN
in	IN
Family	NNP
Therapy	NNP
and	CC
Physiotherapy	NNP
.	.
Dietary	NNP
and	CC
excercise	NN
counselling	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
available	JJ
.	.
Vonnie	NNP
has	VBZ
a	DT
unique	JJ
,	,
respectful	JJ
,	,
and	CC
adaptive	JJ
way	NN
of	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
clients	NNS
.	.
Are	VBP
you	PRP
a	DT
woman	NN
struggling	VBG
with	IN
addictive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
?	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
feel	VB
empty	JJ
,	,
lonely	JJ
and	CC
confused	JJ
?	.
Are	VBP
you	PRP
sick	JJ
and	CC
tired	JJ
of	IN
being	VBG
sick	JJ
and	CC
tired	JJ
?	.
Having	VBG
been	VBN
there	RB
myself	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
know	VBP
what	WP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
like	IN
to	TO
have	VB
painful	JJ
relationships	NNS
,	,
to	TO
feel	VB
depressed	JJ
and	CC
anxious	JJ
,	,
to	TO
just	RB
be	VB
in	IN
such	JJ
pain	NN
that	IN
no	DT
one	NN
else	RB
seems	VBZ
to	TO
understand	VB
.	.
Sometimes	RB
it	PRP
helps	VBZ
to	TO
get	VB
clear	JJ
on	IN
what	WP
's	VBZ
stopping	VBG
you	PRP
from	IN
feeling	VBG
better	RB
now	RB
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
suffered	VBN
the	DT
pain	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
problems	NNS
,	,
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
codependency	NN
or	CC
adult	NN
children	NNS
of	IN
alcoholics	NNS
issues	NNS
,	,
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
unhappiness	NN
,	,
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
help	VB
.	.
I	PRP
love	VBP
working	VBG
with	IN
women	NNS
because	IN
we	PRP
share	VBP
a	DT
common	JJ
language	NN
and	CC
common	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
You	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
be	VB
alone	RB
in	IN
a	DT
sea	NN
of	IN
overwhelming	JJ
feelings	NNS
and	CC
concerns	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
find	VB
relief	NN
knowing	VBG
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
n't	RB
alone	RB
,	,
that	IN
you	PRP
'll	MD
be	VB
listened	VBN
to	TO
and	CC
understood	VBN
.	.
Let	VB
me	PRP
help	VB
.	.
Tell	VB
me	PRP
where	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
right	RB
now	RB
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
might	MD
be	VB
helpful	JJ
for	IN
you	PRP
now	RB
.	.
Visit	VB
my	PRP$
website	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
monthly	JJ
workshops	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
's	POS
group	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
committed	VBN
to	TO
helping	VBG
women	NNS
live	VBP
fuller	JJR
lives	NNS
.	.
Email	NNP
or	CC
call	VB
to	TO
start	VB
to	TO
change	VB
your	PRP$
life	NN
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
specifically	RB
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
adolescents	NNS
,	,
adults	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
providing	VBG
a	DT
supportive	JJ
,	,
confidential	JJ
environment	NN
where	WRB
treatment	NN
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
symptom	NN
reduction	NN
,	,
learning	VBG
new	JJ
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
,	,
exploring	VBG
and	CC
understanding	VBG
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
and	CC
enhancing	VBG
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
interpersonal	JJ
relationships	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
in	IN
short	JJ
and	CC
long	JJ
term	NN
treatment	NN
.	.
Often	RB
,	,
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
other	JJ
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
professionals	NNS
including	VBG
nutritionists	NNS
and	CC
psychiatrists	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
multidisciplinary	JJ
treatment	NN
team	NN
approach	NN
.	.
Additional	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
specialty	NN
include	VBP
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
and	CC
trauma	NN
.	.
Reclaiming	VBG
Your	PRP$
Body	NNP
&	CC
Lifefor	NNP
People	NNS
with	IN
Eating	NNP
IssuesThis	NNP
work	NN
assists	VBZ
you	PRP
on	IN
the	DT
physical	JJ
,	,
emotional	JJ
,	,
energetic	JJ
and	CC
spiritual	JJ
levels	NNS
with	IN
healing	VBG
the	DT
root	NN
causes	VBZ
of	IN
your	PRP$
food	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
issues	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
choose	VBP
to	TO
work	VB
in	IN
either	DT
ongoing	JJ
,	,
private	JJ
sessions	NNS
as	IN
needed	VBN
,	,
or	CC
in	IN
a	DT
twelve	CD
week	NN
,	,
personal	JJ
,	,
structured	JJ
format	NN
.	.
You	PRP
discover	VBP
and	CC
transform	VBP
your	PRP$
intentions	NNS
about	IN
living	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
body	NN
.	.
You	PRP
awaken	VBP
and	CC
strengthen	VBP
your	PRP$
connection	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
personal	JJ
dreams	NNS
,	,
longings	NNS
,	,
creativity	NN
and	CC
essence	NN
.	.
You	PRP
process	NN
and	CC
clear	JJ
painful	JJ
personal	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
histories	NNS
and	CC
core	NN
feelings	NNS
of	IN
emotional	JJ
and	CC
spiritual	JJ
impoverishment	NN
.	.
You	PRP
strengthen	VBP
your	PRP$
boundaries	NNS
for	IN
discriminating	VBG
messages	NNS
about	IN
self	NN
and	CC
the	DT
body	NN
from	IN
the	DT
outside	JJ
culture	NN
\/	NN
media	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
eat	VBP
higher	JJR
quality	NN
and	CC
whole	JJ
foods	NNS
,	,
revitalize	VB
your	PRP$
body	NN
and	CC
restore	VB
your	PRP$
relationship	NN
to	TO
food	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
rightful	JJ
place	NN
.	.
Whole	JJ
Living	VBG
Healing	NN
Arts	NNS
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
energy	NN
healing	NN
,	,
body-centered	JJ
personal	JJ
work	NN
,	,
conscious	JJ
nourishment	NN
and	CC
creative	JJ
unfoldment	NN
for	IN
people	NNS
intentionally	RB
seeking	VBG
more	JJR
love	NN
,	,
joy	NN
and	CC
fulfillment	NN
and	CC
healing	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
Whole	JJ
Living	VBG
Healing	NN
Arts	NNS
is	VBZ
the	DT
private	JJ
healing	NN
practice	NN
of	IN
Brennan	NNP
Healer	NNP
and	CC
LMSW	NNP
,	,
Lisa	NNP
Jill	NNP
Marcus	NNP
.	.
Lisa	NNP
is	VBZ
dedicated	VBN
toward	IN
easing	VBG
the	DT
struggle	NN
people	NNS
encounter	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
personal	JJ
transformation	NN
process	NN
and	CC
enhancing	VBG
their	PRP$
ability	NN
for	IN
living	VBG
fully	RB
and	CC
pleasurably	RB
in	IN
the	DT
body	NN
.	.
A	DT
holistic	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
from	IN
eating	VBG
distress	NN
.	.
The	DT
aim	NN
of	IN
the	DT
center	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
aid	VB
people	NNS
in	IN
attaining	VBG
full	JJ
recovery	NN
.	.
To	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
clients	NNS
with	IN
hope	NN
that	IN
full	JJ
recovery	NN
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
treat	VBP
each	DT
individual	NN
as	IN
such	JJ
-	:
being	VBG
individual	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Marino	NNP
Therapy	NNP
Centre	NNP
provide	VBP
hope	NN
to	TO
individuals	NNS
that	WDT
full	JJ
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
aid	VBP
them	PRP
in	IN
achieving	VBG
that	DT
goal	NN
.	.
The	DT
therapy	NN
at	IN
the	DT
center	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
individual	JJ
process	NN
-	:
in	IN
that	DT
,	,
no	DT
two	CD
clients	NNS
are	VBP
treated	VBN
alike	RB
.	.
They	PRP
also	RB
run	VBP
workshops	NNS
periodically	RB
,	,
on	IN
topics	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
tangent	NN
to	TO
the	DT
recovery	NN
process	NN
-	:
eg	FW
nutrition	NN
,	,
relationships	NNS
,	,
humor	NN
etc.	NN
I	PRP
support	VBP
individuals	NNS
,	,
families	NNS
and	CC
groups	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
desire	NN
to	TO
achieve	VB
optimal	JJ
life	NN
fulfillment	NN
.	.
Although	IN
we	PRP
all	DT
have	VBP
different	JJ
issues	NNS
and	CC
problems	NNS
in	IN
life	NN
,	,
we	PRP
all	DT
have	VBP
the	DT
same	JJ
interest	NN
;	:
to	TO
be	VB
happy	JJ
,	,
valued	VBN
and	CC
have	VB
our	PRP$
needs	NNS
met	VBD
successfully	RB
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
self	NN
-	:
reliance	NN
is	VBZ
achieved	VBN
when	WRB
the	DT
six	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
6	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
domains	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
cultural	JJ
,	,
intellectual	JJ
,	,
spiritual	JJ
,	,
social	JJ
,	,
emotional	JJ
and	CC
financial	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
a	DT
person	NN
's	POS
life	NN
are	VBP
balanced	VBN
and	CC
functioning	VBG
holistically	RB
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
as	IN
your	PRP$
therapist	NN
,	,
I	PRP
take	VBP
the	DT
time	NN
to	TO
listen	VB
to	TO
your	PRP$
desires	NNS
and	CC
help	VB
you	PRP
turn	VB
them	PRP
into	IN
achievable	JJ
goals	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
result	VB
in	IN
met	VBN
needs	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
self-valued	JJ
life	NN
.	.
At	IN
my	PRP$
initial	JJ
meeting	NN
with	IN
you	PRP
or	CC
your	PRP$
child	NN
,	,
I	PRP
take	VBP
the	DT
time	NN
to	TO
get	VB
to	TO
know	VB
you	PRP
.	.
Then	RB
together	RB
,	,
we	PRP
develop	VBP
issue-specific	JJ
goals	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
lead	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
your	PRP$
desired	VBN
life	NN
outcome	NN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
quality	NN
and	CC
effective	JJ
services	NNS
that	WDT
keep	VBP
the	DT
whole	JJ
person	NN
in	IN
mind	NN
.	.
I	PRP
create	VBP
a	DT
comfortable	JJ
and	CC
peaceful	JJ
environment	NN
where	WRB
you	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
support	NN
needed	VBD
to	TO
address	VB
all	DT
of	IN
your	PRP$
concerns	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
make	VBP
the	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
you	PRP
in	IN
creating	VBG
achievable	JJ
solutions	NNS
that	WDT
include	VBP
your	PRP$
individuality	NN
and	CC
personal	JJ
strengths	NNS
.	.
``	``
Specializing	VBG
in	IN
keeping	VBG
the	DT
whole	JJ
person	NN
in	IN
mind	NN
.	.
''	''
Counselling	VBG
services	NNS
for	IN
people	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
issues	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
eating	VBG
,	,
or\/and	VB
for	IN
people	NNS
working	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
entertainment	NN
business	NN
.	.
Using	VBG
an	DT
integrated	JJ
approach	NN
that	WDT
combines	VBZ
well-researched	JJ
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
therapy	NN
with	IN
expressive	JJ
arts	NNS
modalities	NNS
,	,
change	NN
is	VBZ
facilitated	VBN
.	.
Working	VBG
when	WRB
appropriate	JJ
with	IN
other	JJ
practitioners	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
physicians	NNS
and	CC
nutritionists	NNS
and	CC
with	IN
family	NN
members	NNS
.	.
Offering	VBG
a	DT
discount	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
with	IN
identification	NN
.	.
Groups	NNS
and	CC
workshops	NNS
from	IN
time	NN
to	TO
time	NN
,	,
please	VB
visit	NN
website	NN
.	.
Note	NN
:	:
presentations	NNS
and	CC
workshops	NNS
available	JJ
,	,
please	VB
inquire	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
an	DT
experienced	JJ
and	CC
compassionate	JJ
therapist	NN
with	IN
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
and	CC
training	NN
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
trauma	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
related	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
,	,
group	NN
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
therapies	NNS
using	VBG
a	DT
range	NN
of	IN
approaches	NNS
including	VBG
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
,	,
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
,	,
EMDR	NNP
,	,
and	CC
art	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
very	RB
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
working	VBG
with	IN
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
them	PRP
in	IN
achieving	VBG
emotional	JJ
and	CC
physical	JJ
health	NN
and	CC
well-being	NN
.	.
Providing	VBG
National	NNP
Education	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
form	NN
of	IN
workshops	NNS
,	,
conferences	NNS
,	,
seminars	NNS
and	CC
consultation	NN
on	IN
the	DT
issues	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
Body	NNP
Image	NN
,	,
Sexuality	NNP
,	,
Gender	NNP
and	CC
Sexual	NNP
Orientation	NNP
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
uncommon	JJ
,	,
historically	RB
speaking	VBG
.	.
Unlike	IN
depression	NN
and	CC
anxiety	NN
,	,
which	WDT
we	PRP
can	MD
trace	VB
throughout	IN
history	NN
and	CC
culture	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
have	VBP
only	RB
appeared	VBN
in	IN
noticeable	JJ
numbers	NNS
a	DT
few	JJ
times	NNS
in	IN
history	NN
in	IN
a	DT
handful	NN
of	IN
cultures	NNS
.	.
Once	RB
on	IN
the	DT
scene	NN
,	,
as	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
today	NN
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
uniquely	RB
prejudicial	JJ
.	.
While	IN
many	JJ
psychological	JJ
disorders	NNS
lean	JJ
towards	IN
particular	JJ
demographics	NNS
,	,
none	NN
as	IN
overwhelmingly	RB
as	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
the	DT
almost	RB
exclusive	JJ
domain	NN
of	IN
women	NNS
.	.
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
are	VBP
culturally	RB
constructed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
particularities	NNS
of	IN
who	WP
gets	VBZ
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
getting	VBG
them	PRP
in	IN
epidemic	NN
proportions	NNS
in	IN
our	PRP$
era	NN
,	,
in	IN
our	PRP$
country	NN
,	,
are	VBP
our	PRP$
clues	NNS
to	TO
what	WP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
about	RB
.	.
They	PRP
hold	VBP
meaning	VBG
about	IN
our	PRP$
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
,	,
and	CC
speak	VBP
specifically	RB
,	,
given	VBN
the	DT
gender	NN
bias	NN
of	IN
the	DT
disorder	NN
,	,
to	TO
something	NN
about	IN
how	WRB
we	PRP
define	VBP
femininity	NN
.	.
Seeing	VBG
the	DT
epidemic	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
with	IN
its	PRP$
overwhelming	JJ
demographic	JJ
of	IN
girls	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
,	,
as	IN
evidence	NN
that	IN
the	DT
societal	JJ
construction	NN
of	IN
femininity	NN
and	CC
current	JJ
beauty	NN
ideal	NN
are	VBP
dangerous	JJ
to	TO
women	NNS
,	,
Full	NNP
Living	VBG
offers	NNS
training	NN
and	CC
education	NN
to	TO
those	DT
seeking	VBG
to	TO
redefine	VB
gender	NN
and	CC
sexual	JJ
expression	NN
.	.
Whether	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
because	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
the	DT
first	JJ
point	NN
of	IN
contact	NN
with	IN
those	DT
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
distress	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
and	CC
gender	VB
expression	NN
,	,
or	CC
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
efforts	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
education	NN
and	CC
support	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
community	NN
,	,
let	VB
us	PRP
help	VB
you	PRP
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
presentations	NNS
and	CC
workshops	NNS
to	TO
your	PRP$
community	NN
,	,
staff	NN
,	,
students	NNS
,	,
or	CC
clinicians	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
also	RB
assist	VB
you	PRP
in	IN
designing	VBG
year-round	JJ
programming	NN
to	TO
be	VB
implemented	VBN
by	IN
Full	NNP
Living	VBG
,	,
or	CC
training	NN
your	PRP$
staff	NN
for	IN
implementation	NN
.	.
When	WRB
working	VBG
with	IN
schools	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
recommend	VBP
a	DT
multi-pronged	JJ
approach	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
training	NN
and	CC
education	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
parents	NNS
,	,
coaches	NNS
and	CC
counselors	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
clinicians	NNS
will	MD
assist	VB
you	PRP
in	IN
designing	VBG
a	DT
program	NN
specific	NN
to	TO
you	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
groups	NNS
needs	NNS
.	.
DISCOVER	NNP
THE	DT
RELIEF	NN
of	IN
shifting	VBG
negative	JJ
beliefs	NNS
that	WDT
drive	VBP
eating	VBG
behaviors	NNS
!	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
weight	NN
and	CC
body	NN
issues	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
perspective	NN
of	IN
over	IN
20	CD
yrs	NNS
of	IN
clincial	JJ
practice	NN
and	CC
training	NN
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
EMDR	NNP
to	TO
install	VB
positive	JJ
beliefs	NNS
,	,
writing	VBG
for	IN
release	NN
and	CC
clearing	NN
of	IN
toxic	JJ
,	,
draining	VBG
energy	NN
and	CC
for	IN
manifesting	NN
,	,
guided	VBN
imagery	NN
relaxation	NN
journeys,energy-readings	NNS
and	CC
healing	NN
to	TO
see	VB
where	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
holding	VBG
negative	JJ
energies	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
body	NN
,	,
custom	NN
audio	NN
tapes	NNS
for	IN
at-home	JJ
relaxation	NN
and	CC
attuned	JJ
intuitive	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
reflect	VBP
a	DT
disconnection	NN
from	IN
your	PRP$
Highest	JJS
Self	NN
-	:
we	PRP
will	MD
look	VB
at	IN
gifts	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
metaphysical	JJ
teachings	NNS
can	MD
bring	VB
to	TO
this	DT
issue	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
perspective	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Divine	NNP
Feminine	NNP
,	,
to	TO
allow	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
shift	VB
more	JJR
naturally	RB
and	CC
lovingly	RB
back	RB
into	IN
alignment	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
true	JJ
nature	NN
and	CC
best	JJS
self	NN
.	.
Women	NNS
and	CC
girls	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
have	VBP
many	JJ
strengths	NNS
in	IN
common	JJ
which	WDT
often	RB
lead	VBP
to	TO
their	PRP$
having	VBG
to	TO
``	``
hide	VB
their	PRP$
light	NN
''	''
to	TO
survive	VB
their	PRP$
families	NNS
,	,
peer	VB
groups	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
learn	VB
what	WP
these	DT
are	VBP
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
use	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
empower	VB
and	CC
express	VB
yourself	PRP
in	IN
exciting	JJ
and	CC
comfortable	JJ
ways	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
teach	VB
you	PRP
how	WRB
to	TO
``	``
get	VB
back	RB
in	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
''	''
,	,
grounding	VBG
techniques	NNS
,	,
how	WRB
to	TO
transmute	VB
the	DT
negative	JJ
energies	NNS
and	CC
emotions	NNS
that	WDT
keep	VBP
you	PRP
disconnected	VBN
,	,
so	IN
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
create	VB
and	CC
manifest	JJ
your	PRP$
unique	JJ
talents	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
do	VB
work	VB
around	RP
certain	JJ
places	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
body	NN
where	WRB
energies	NNS
are	VBP
commonly	RB
stuck	VBN
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
you	PRP
will	MD
see	VB
why	WRB
your	PRP$
symptoms	NNS
make	VBP
such	JJ
good	JJ
sense	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
find	VB
better	JJR
ways	NNS
to	TO
express	VB
yourself	PRP
!	.
!	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
individual	JJ
sessions	NNS
in	IN
person	NN
,	,
by	IN
phone	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
email	NN
support	NN
.	.
Also	RB
a	DT
group	NN
on	IN
``	``
Healing	NNP
Disconnection	NNP
in	IN
Your	PRP$
Body	NN
''	''
-	:
My	PRP$
office	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
1800	CD
's	POS
farmhouse	NN
with	IN
beautiful	JJ
grounds	NNS
,	,
and	CC
offers	VBZ
a	DT
private	JJ
and	CC
relaxingplace	NN
to	TO
do	VB
your	PRP$
important	JJ
healing	NN
work	NN
.	.
If	IN
this	DT
calls	VBZ
to	TO
you	PRP
please	VB
contact	NN
me	PRP
by	IN
phone	NN
or	CC
email	NN
-	:
It	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
my	PRP$
honor	NN
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
learn	VBP
to	TO
Shine	VB
Your	PRP$
Brightest	JJS
Light	NN
.	.
\*\*	SYM
sorry	RB
,	,
no	DT
insurance	NN
is	VBZ
accepted	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
create	VBP
a	DT
warm	JJ
,	,
safe	JJ
environment	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
so	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
express	VB
themselves	PRP
without	IN
judgment	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
empower	VB
clients	NNS
to	TO
take	VB
control	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
ultimately	RB
improve	VB
their	PRP$
overall	JJ
quality	NN
of	IN
life	NN
.	.
This	DT
can	MD
be	VB
accomplished	VBN
in	IN
many	JJ
ways	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
self-esteem	NN
building	NN
,	,
stress	NN
management	NN
,	,
and	CC
assertiveness	NN
training	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
in	IN
exploring	VBG
past	JJ
history	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
childhood	NN
issues	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
as	IN
it	PRP
relates	VBZ
to	TO
current	JJ
problems	NNS
or	CC
blocks	NNS
.	.
Treatment	NNP
goals	NNS
are	VBP
created	VBN
with	IN
client	NN
input	NN
and	CC
tailored	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
unique	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
client	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
practice	NN
offers	VBZ
a	DT
relaxed	VBN
,	,
yet	RB
active	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
of	IN
experience	NN
treating	VBG
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
issues	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
PTSD	NNP
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
relationship	NN
difficulties	NNS
and	CC
life	NN
transitions	NNS
.	.
In	IN
my	PRP$
work	NN
with	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
work	VBP
on	IN
unraveling	NN
root	NN
causes	NNS
of	IN
these	DT
behaviors	NNS
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
exploring	VBG
alternative	NN
,	,
healthy	JJ
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
.	.
Monica	NNP
Smith	NNP
,	,
Registered	NNP
Dietitian	NNP
,	,
Limited	NNP
License	NNP
Professional	NNP
Counselor	NNP
.	.
Private	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
Integrated	NNP
mental	JJ
health	NN
and	CC
gentle	JJ
,	,
number	NN
free	JJ
,	,
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
.	.
Specializing	VBG
in	IN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
anxiety	NN
.	.
Stress	NN
management	NN
and	CC
relaxation	NN
training	NN
.	.
Sliding	VBG
scale	NN
fees	NNS
.	.
Counseling	NN
and	CC
Psychotherapy	NNP
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
including	VBG
body	NN
image	NN
struggles	VBZ
,	,
weight	NN
concern	NN
,	,
overeating	VBG
and\/or	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
and	CC
anorexia	NN
.	.
Over	IN
16	CD
years	NNS
professional	JJ
experience	NN
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
including	VBG
past	JJ
employment	NN
at	IN
The	DT
Renfrew	NNP
Center	NNP
.	.
Relational	JJ
,	,
psychodynamic	JJ
,	,
and	CC
cognitive	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
with	IN
awareness	NN
of	IN
the	DT
mind-body	JJ
connection	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
distress	NN
is	VBZ
rooted	VBN
in	IN
disconnection	NN
from	IN
one	CD
's	POS
authentic	JJ
self	NN
and	CC
patterns	NNS
of	IN
relating	VBG
with	IN
others	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
client	NN
brings	VBZ
everything	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
to	TO
heal	VB
and	CC
grow	VB
.	.
Therapy	NN
is	VBZ
about	IN
clearing	VBG
obstacles	NNS
,	,
connecting	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
healthy	JJ
and	CC
true	JJ
``	``
core	NN
self	NN
''	''
,	,
and	CC
discovering	VBG
new	JJ
ways	NNS
of	IN
feeling	NN
,	,
expressing	VBG
oneself	NN
,	,
and	CC
relating	VBG
to	TO
others	NNS
.	.
Rev.	NNP
Sheri	NNP
Heller	NNP
,	,
LCSW	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
New	NNP
York	NNP
State-licensed	JJ
social	JJ
worker	NN
,	,
certified	VBN
addiction	NN
specialist	NN
,	,
Ericksonian	JJ
hypnotist	NN
,	,
and	CC
interfaith	NN
minister	NN
with	IN
a	DT
total	NN
of	IN
24	CD
years	NNS
clinical	JJ
,	,
supervisory	JJ
,	,
and	CC
administrative	JJ
experience	NN
in	IN
the	DT
addiction	NN
and	CC
mental	JJ
health	NN
fields	NNS
.	.
Amy	NNP
Fassold	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Licenced	NNP
Professional	NNP
Counselor	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
Licensed	VBN
Creative	NNP
Arts	NNP
Therapist	NNP
,	,
providing	VBG
an	DT
ecclectic	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
types	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
treats	VBZ
adolescents	NNS
,	,
adults	NNS
,	,
families	NNS
and	CC
facilitates	VBZ
groups	NNS
.	.
Grace	NNP
Clinic	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
professional	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
counseling	NN
practice	NN
offering	VBG
comprehensive	JJ
services	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Central	NNP
Florida	NNP
community	NN
.	.
Working	VBG
with	IN
clients	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
,	,
our	PRP$
experienced	JJ
therapists	NNS
help	VBP
guide	VB
both	DT
individuals	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
to	TO
relational	JJ
wholeness	NN
.	.
Cathy	NNP
Buckland	NNP
,	,
M.A.	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Licensed	VBN
Mental	NNP
Health	NNP
Counselor	NNP
at	IN
Grace	NNP
Clinic	NNP
who	WP
works	VBZ
with	IN
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
health	NN
professionals	NNS
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
physical	JJ
,	,
emotional	JJ
,	,
mental	JJ
,	,
and	CC
spiritual	JJ
aspects	NNS
behind	IN
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
emphasize	VBP
an	DT
eclectic	JJ
therapeutic	JJ
approach	NN
when	WRB
providing	VBG
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
psychotherapy	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
Experiential	JJ
exercises	NNS
and	CC
alternative	JJ
modalities	NNS
are	VBP
woven	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
``	``
talk	NN
''	''
therapy	NN
to	TO
awaken	VB
a	DT
person	NN
more	RBR
fully	RB
to	TO
their	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
mind	NN
,	,
and	CC
spirit	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
hospital	NN
settings	NNS
,	,
private	JJ
practice	NN
,	,
and	CC
even	RB
in	IN
pastures	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
equine	NN
assisted	VBN
psychotherapy	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
solution-focused	JJ
,	,
brief	JJ
therapy	NN
to	TO
persons	NNS
ready	JJ
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
change	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
clinical	JJ
director	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
in	IN
recovery	NN
for	IN
10	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
has	VBZ
her	PRP$
PhD	NNP
in	IN
counseling	NN
with	IN
a	DT
specialty	NN
in	IN
addictive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
.	.
Discovery	NNP
counseling	NN
was	VBD
developed	VBN
and	CC
is	VBZ
managed	VBN
by	IN
me	PRP
,	,
Sara	NNP
Weber	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
an	DT
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
program	NN
offering	NN
individual	NN
,	,
family	NN
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
services	NNS
for	IN
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
addressing	VBG
eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
&	CC
NOS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
binge	NN
eating	NN
,	,
overeating	NN
,	,
&	CC
restricting	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
exercise	NN
concerns	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
focus	VBP
on	IN
Self-Discovery	NNP
,	,
Self-Awareness	NNP
,	,
Self-Acceptance	NNP
,	,
Self-Esteem	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Self-Empowerment	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
team	NN
approach	NN
and	CC
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
treatment	NN
model	NN
that	WDT
addresses	VBZ
the	DT
physical	JJ
,	,
emotional	JJ
,	,
spiritual	JJ
,	,
and	CC
relational	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
individual	NN
.	.
Fees	NNS
are	VBP
lower	JJR
than	IN
average	NN
for	IN
the	DT
region	NN
and	CC
scholarships	NNS
available	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
provide	VBP
training	NN
and	CC
education	NN
about	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
treatment	NN
to	TO
other	JJ
professionals	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
happy	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
referrals	NNS
to	TO
treatment	NN
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
if	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
questions	NNS
or	CC
concerns	NNS
about	IN
your	PRP$
treatment	NN
options	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
central	JJ
Texas	NNP
area	NN
.	.
E-mail	NN
preferred	VBN
for	IN
questions	NNS
.	.
Jennifer	NNP
Yellen	NNP
,	,
Ph.D.	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Clinical	JJ
Psychologist	NN
with	IN
specialized	JJ
training	NN
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
Prior	RB
to	TO
opening	VBG
her	PRP$
practice	NN
,	,
she	PRP
trained	VBD
at	IN
The	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNS
at	IN
Sheppard	NNP
Pratt	NNP
Hospital	NNP
and	CC
St.	NNP
Joseph	NNP
Medical	NNP
Center	NNP
in	IN
Baltimore	NNP
,	,
Maryland	NNP
where	WRB
she	PRP
provided	VBD
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
family	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
to	TO
people	NNS
receiving	VBG
inpatient	JJ
and	CC
day	NN
treatment	NN
care	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
currently	RB
provides	VBZ
outpatient	NN
psychotherapy	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
,	,
adults	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
and	CC
families	NNS
and	CC
treats	VBZ
a	DT
wide	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
issues	NNS
and	CC
disorders	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Body	NNP
Image	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Yellen	NNP
values	VBZ
a	DT
team	NN
approach	NN
in	IN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
routinely	RB
collaborates	VBZ
with	IN
dietitians	NNS
and	CC
psychiatrists	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
comphrehensive	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
her	PRP$
patients	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
working	VBG
with	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
she	PRP
primarily	RB
uses	VBZ
Cognitive-Behavioral	NNP
Therapy	NNP
to	TO
target	VB
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
thoughts	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Yellen	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Association	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Academy	NNP
for	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
Balance	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
interactive	JJ
social	JJ
network	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
overcoming	VBG
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
The	DT
group	NN
will	MD
focus	VB
on	IN
activities	NNS
that	WDT
promote	VBP
self	NN
confidence	NN
in	IN
every	DT
day	NN
life	NN
for	IN
participants	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
dining	VBG
out	RP
,	,
shopping	VBG
for	IN
clothes	NNS
,	,
healthy	JJ
exercise	NN
and	CC
nutrition	NN
.	.
Balance	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
heavy	JJ
social	JJ
emphasis	NN
encouraging	VBG
interaction	NN
with	IN
members	NNS
inside	IN
and	CC
outside	IN
of	IN
the	DT
group	NN
.	.
The	DT
group	NN
meets	VBZ
once	RB
a	DT
week	NN
for	IN
an	DT
hour	NN
and	CC
a	DT
half	NN
on	IN
Monday	NNP
evenings	NNS
.	.
Some	DT
meetings	NNS
involve	VBP
activities	NNS
while	IN
others	NNS
center	NN
around	IN
discussion	NN
.	.
This	DT
group	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
women	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
proactive	JJ
about	IN
thier	JJR
recover	VB
and	CC
who	WP
are	VBP
willing	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
challenged	VBN
in	IN
real	JJ
life	NN
settings	NNS
;	:
women	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
adventurous	JJ
and	CC
who	WP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
meet	VB
and	CC
spend	VB
time	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
women	NNS
experiencing	VBG
the	DT
same	JJ
challenges	NNS
.	.
Cost	NN
of	IN
group	NN
is	VBZ
$	$
15	CD
for	IN
10	CD
sessions	NNS
.	.
An	DT
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
facility	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
beset	VBN
by	IN
addictions	NNS
.	.
Chemical	NNP
Dependency	NNP
effects	NNS
the	DT
whole	JJ
family	NN
and	CC
we	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
plans	NNS
and	CC
incorporate	VB
a	DT
strong	JJ
family	NN
component	NN
to	TO
treatment	NN
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
Group	NNP
and	CC
Family	NNP
work	NN
is	VBZ
addressed	VBN
.	.
We	PRP
do	VBP
evaluations	NNS
for	IN
referrals	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
set	VB
up	RP
recommendations	NNS
for	IN
specific	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
care	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
work	VBP
directly	RB
with	IN
other	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
professinoals	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
to	TO
address	VB
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
or	CC
assess	VB
for	IN
any	DT
mood	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
We	PRP
would	MD
love	VB
to	TO
hear	VB
from	IN
you	PRP
via	IN
phone	NN
,	,
mail	NN
or	CC
email	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
do	VBP
IM	NNP
or	CC
email	NN
coaching	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
members	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
visit	VB
our	PRP$
website	NN
for	IN
details	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
Harvard-trained	JJ
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
women	NNS
's	POS
issues	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
sexual	JJ
abuse\/assault	NN
histories	NNS
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
and	CC
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
hold	VBP
expertise	NN
in	IN
late	JJ
adolescence	NN
and	CC
young	JJ
adulthood	NN
.	.
Services	NNPS
offered	VBD
include	VBP
:	:
individual	JJ
and	CC
couples	NNS
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
group	NN
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
consultation	NN
,	,
and	CC
psychoeducational	JJ
presentations	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
medication	NN
consultants	NNS
,	,
nutritionists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
physicians	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
team	NN
approach	NN
as	IN
needed	VBN
.	.
By	IN
appointment	NN
only	RB
.	.
Help	VB
for	IN
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
with	IN
Clinical	JJ
Hypnotherapy	NNP
in	IN
Beckenham	NNP
with	IN
Alan	NNP
Crisp	NNP
DHP	NNP
,	,
one	CD
of	IN
London	NNP
's	POS
leading	VBG
Clinical	NNP
Hypnotherapists	NNPS
.	.
Your	PRP$
initial	JJ
consultation	NN
is	VBZ
free	JJ
and	CC
without	IN
obligation	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
sure	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
very	RB
best	JJS
professional	JJ
,	,
understanding	NN
and	CC
considerate	JJ
treatment	NN
from	IN
this	DT
distinguished	JJ
practitioner	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
psychologist	NN
specialized	VBN
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
adults	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
concerns	NNS
,	,
and	CC
eating	VBG
problems	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
other	JJ
psychiatric	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
my	PRP$
private	JJ
practice	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
psychologist	NN
at	IN
The	DT
Children	NNP
's	POS
Hospital	NNP
's	POS
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Professionals	NNP
of	IN
Colorado	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
,	,
and	CC
couples	NNS
therapy	NN
,	,
EMDR	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Maudsley	NNP
based	VBN
treatment	NN
.	.
Using	VBG
several	JJ
treatment	NN
methods	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
provide	VBP
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
life	NN
coaching	NN
,	,
specialist	NN
consulting	NN
,	,
group	NN
therapy	NN
and	CC
education	NN
to	TO
treat	VB
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
,	,
emotional	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
also	RB
self-injury	NN
.	.
We	PRP
serve	VBP
the	DT
southern	JJ
Colorado	NNP
area	NN
,	,
but	CC
can	MD
make	VB
accomodations	NNS
for	IN
anyone	NN
to	TO
attend	VB
our	PRP$
program	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
to	TO
receive	VB
some	DT
treatments	NNS
over	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
team	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
a	DT
Licensed	VBN
Professional	NNP
Counselor	NNP
,	,
a	DT
certified	JJ
Life	NNP
Coach	VBP
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
self-harm	NN
specialist	NN
.	.
We	PRP
treat	VBP
adolescents	NNS
through	IN
adults	NNS
.	.
Faith	NN
based	VBN
counseling	NN
center	NN
that	WDT
offers	VBZ
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Current	JJ
groups	NNS
consist	VBP
of	IN
CBT	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
support	NN
group	NN
for	IN
friends\/family	RB
of	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
treatment	NN
to	TO
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
psychological	JJ
and	CC
relational	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
specialty	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
nervosa	NN
,	,
binge-eating	JJ
disorder	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
having	VBG
worked	VBN
with	IN
clients	NNS
in	IN
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
centers	NNS
and	CC
private	JJ
practice	NN
settings	NNS
.	.
Because	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
usually	RB
exist	VBP
alone	RB
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
experienced	VBN
in	IN
treating	VBG
issues	NNS
of	IN
anxiety	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
obsessive-compulsive	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
ADHD	NNP
,	,
trauma	NN
and	CC
relationship	NN
concerns	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
apply	VBP
therortical	JJ
understanding	NN
and	CC
interventions	NNS
based	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
unique	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
;	:
integrating	VBG
a	DT
Christian	JJ
perspective	NN
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
interested	JJ
.	.
A	DT
licensed	JJ
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
licensed	JJ
marriage	NN
and	CC
family	NN
therapist	NN
who	WP
works	VBZ
with	IN
school	NN
age	NN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
stuggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
issues	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
self-image	NN
and	CC
impulse	NN
control	NN
problems	NNS
including	VBG
self-injury	NN
.	.
West	NNP
County	NNP
Psychological	NNP
AssociatesTo	NNP
hold	VBP
the	DT
hand	NN
of	IN
a	DT
young	JJ
woman	NN
as	IN
she	PRP
fights	VBZ
for	IN
each	DT
bite	NN
of	IN
food	NN
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
see	VB
the	DT
force	NN
of	IN
a	DT
craving	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
to	TO
understand	VB
the	DT
power	NN
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
spent	VBN
several	JJ
years	NNS
working	VBG
with	IN
individuals	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
intensive	JJ
treatment	NN
faciity	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
knowledge	NN
of	IN
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
including	VBG
biology	NN
,	,
family	NN
dynamics	NNS
,	,
attachment	NN
styles	NNS
,	,
and	CC
trauma	NN
support	NN
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
treatment	NN
approach	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
therapeutic	JJ
plan	NN
includes	VBZ
both	DT
behavioral	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
a	DT
12	CD
step	NN
focus	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
psychodynamic	JJ
models	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
also	RB
trained	VBN
in	IN
Internal	NNP
Family	NNP
Systems	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
IFS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
therapyand	RB
EMDRMy	NNP
background	NN
as	IN
a	DT
Licensed	VBN
Registered	NNP
Nurse	NNP
strengthens	VBZ
my	PRP$
understanding	NN
of	IN
health	NN
and	CC
nutritional	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
interconnection	NN
between	IN
body	NN
symptoms	NNS
and	CC
emotions	NNS
.	.
In	IN
my	PRP$
private	JJ
practice	NN
I	PRP
treat	VBP
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
and	CC
families	NNS
dealing	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
do	VBP
educational	JJ
and	CC
process	NN
groups	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
developed	VBN
an	DT
Addictive	JJ
Process	NNP
Program	NN
that	WDT
addresses	VBZ
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
exercise	NN
,	,
self-harm	NN
,	,
shopping	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
and	CC
relapse	NN
prevention	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
,	,
both	DT
male	NN
and	CC
female	NN
,	,
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
the	DT
firm	NN
guidance	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
manage	VB
addictive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
atmosphere	NN
of	IN
compassion	NN
and	CC
respect	NN
.	.
Center	NNP
for	IN
nutritional	JJ
and	CC
psychological	JJ
wellness	NN
.	.
The	DT
staff	NN
at	IN
BeginWithin	NNP
are	VBP
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
helping	VBG
individuals	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
develop	VB
the	DT
insight	NN
and	CC
skills	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
healthy	JJ
changes	NNS
toward	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Beginning	VBG
with	IN
a	DT
``	``
spa-like	JJ
''	''
waiting	VBG
area	NN
,	,
clients	NNS
feel	VBP
comfortable	JJ
upon	IN
entering	VBG
the	DT
center	NN
.	.
We	PRP
try	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
every	DT
client	NN
feels	VBZ
comfortable	JJ
and	CC
at	IN
ease	NN
as	IN
they	PRP
work	VBP
on	IN
their	PRP$
recovery	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
dedicated	VBN
,	,
highly	RB
trained	VBN
staff	NN
of	IN
therapists	NNS
and	CC
nutritionists	NNS
are	VBP
devoted	VBN
to	TO
providing	VBG
the	DT
most	RBS
compassionate	JJ
,	,
professional	JJ
treatment	NN
possible	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
nutrition	NN
and	CC
psychotherapy	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
weekly	JJ
support	NN
groups	NNS
.	.
Specializing	VBG
in	IN
research	NN
on	IN
the	DT
assessment	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
symptoms	NNS
including	VBG
binge	NN
eating	NN
and	CC
purging	VBG
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
,	,
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
,	,
and	CC
bulimia	NN
nervosa	NN
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
on	IN
our	PRP$
current	JJ
studies	NNS
please	VB
call	NN
:	:
612-627-1991	CD
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
Registered	NNP
Dietician\/Nutritionist	NNP
providing	VBG
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
including	VBG
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulemia	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
,	,
and	CC
overeating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
help	VBP
patients	NNS
to	TO
establish	VB
a	DT
healthy	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
in	IN
a	DT
supportive	JJ
and	CC
nonjudemental	JJ
environment	NN
,	,
focusing	VBG
on	IN
nutrition	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
patients	NNS
to	TO
create	VB
healthful	JJ
meal	NN
plans	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
therapist	NN
with	IN
30	CD
years	NNS
exp	NN
.	.
working	VBG
with	IN
ED	NNP
's	POS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
at	IN
an	DT
inpatient	JJ
hospital	NN
for	IN
ED	NNP
's	POS
.	.
Taught	NNP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
to	TO
Master	NNP
's	POS
level	NN
counseling	NN
students	NNS
at	IN
Antioch	NNP
University	NNP
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
do	VBP
consultation	NN
for	IN
other	JJ
therapists	NNS
wanting	VBG
to	TO
learn	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
ED	NNP
's	POS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
proactive	JJ
in	IN
my	PRP$
approach	NN
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
just	RB
listen	VB
,	,
I	PRP
also	RB
give	VBP
homework	NN
and	CC
help	VB
people	NNS
change	VB
their	PRP$
behaviors	NNS
while	IN
working	VBG
through	IN
the	DT
reasons	NNS
that	WDT
someone	NN
has	VBZ
an	DT
ED	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
work	VB
through	IN
an	DT
ED	NNP
.	.
Please	VB
visit	VB
my	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
at	IN
www.suebates.com	NN
and	CC
give	VB
me	PRP
a	DT
call	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
your	PRP$
situation	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
psychotherapist	NN
with	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
practice	NN
in	IN
Orange	NNP
County	NNP
,	,
CA	NNP
where	WRB
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
many	JJ
different	JJ
populations	NNS
and	CC
specialize	VB
in	IN
treating	VBG
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
experience	NN
providing	VBG
treatment	NN
in	IN
inpatient	NN
,	,
partial	JJ
hospital	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
day	NN
treatment	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
outpatient	NN
settings	NNS
.	.
In	IN
my	PRP$
work	NN
with	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
distortion	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
found	VBN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
extremely	RB
important	JJ
to	TO
help	VB
one	CD
gain	NN
an	DT
understanding	NN
of	IN
what	WP
purpose	NN
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
serving	VBG
and	CC
establish	VB
healthier	RBR
coping	VBG
strategies	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
treatment	NN
approach	NN
is	VBZ
individualized	JJ
and	CC
collaborative	JJ
and	CC
may	MD
include	VB
psychodynamic	JJ
,	,
psychoeducational	JJ
,	,
&	CC
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
therapies	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
specialize	VBP
in	IN
treating	VBG
people	NNS
who	WP
self-injure	VBP
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
in	IN
addressing	VBG
other	JJ
issues	NNS
that	WDT
often	RB
coexist	VBP
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
anxiety	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
and	CC
trauma	NN
.	.
As	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
helpful	JJ
to	TO
some	DT
clients	NNS
to	TO
work	VB
within	IN
a	DT
team	NN
environment	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
happy	JJ
to	TO
coordinate	VB
care	NN
as	IN
needed	VBN
with	IN
psychiatrists	NNS
,	,
dietitians	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
treatment	NN
providers	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
overcome	VB
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
we	PRP
have	VBP
qualified	VBN
councellors	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
!	.
Recovery	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
personal	JJ
journey	NN
.	.
Every	DT
client	NN
is	VBZ
treated	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
unique	JJ
personalized	JJ
counselling	NN
session	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
BC	NNP
.	.
ca	MD
is	VBZ
helping	VBG
women	NNS
and	CC
young	JJ
girls	NNS
recover	VBP
from	IN
compulsive	JJ
over-eating	NN
,	,
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
All	DT
of	IN
our	PRP$
counsellors	NNS
have	VBP
specialty	NN
diplomas	NNS
in	IN
Disordered	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
Drug	NN
and	CC
Alcohol	NN
abuse	NN
and	CC
Sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
and	CC
dysfunction	NN
.	.
Counselling	VBG
services	NNS
provided	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
privacy	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
home	NN
.	.
For	IN
your	PRP$
convenience	NN
we	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
telephone	NN
and	CC
on-line	JJ
sessions	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
aim	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
contact	NN
point	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
resources	NNS
by	IN
educating	VBG
patients	NNS
,	,
families	NNS
,	,
professionals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
community	NN
about	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
;	:
increasing	VBG
the	DT
availability	NN
of	IN
training	NN
opportunities	NNS
and	CC
treatment	NN
resources	NNS
for	IN
those	DT
affected	VBN
by	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
;	:
and	CC
encouraging	JJ
community-based	JJ
outreach	NN
to	TO
promote	VB
prevention	NN
.	.
Multidisciplinary	JJ
treatment	NN
center	NN
offering	VBG
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Nutrition	NNP
counseling	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
as	IN
is	VBZ
psychiatric	JJ
medical	JJ
management	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
is	VBZ
coordinated	VBN
by	IN
clinical	JJ
psychologists	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
needing	VBG
a	DT
more	RBR
structured	JJ
,	,
supportive	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
Addiction	NN
Action	NNP
provides	VBZ
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
First	NNP
line	NN
support	NN
and	CC
counselling	NN
for	IN
food	NN
,	,
alcohol	NN
,	,
drugs	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
compulsive	JJ
illnesses	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
services	NNS
for	IN
treatment	NN
of	IN
trauma	NN
and	CC
depression	NN
related	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
Professional	NNP
counselling	VBG
staff	NN
providing	VBG
treatment	NN
assesment	NN
and	CC
referral	NN
to	TO
UK	NNP
based	VBN
treatment	NN
facilities	NNS
.	.
All	DT
initial	JJ
assesments	NNS
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
free	JJ
of	IN
charge	NN
whether	IN
face	NN
to	TO
face	VB
or	CC
by	IN
phone	NN
.	.
After	IN
care	NN
services	NNS
including	VBG
1	CD
to	TO
1	CD
counselling	NN
and	CC
telephone	NN
counselling	NN
by	IN
arangement	NN
or	CC
referral	NN
.	.
English	NNP
and	CC
French	JJ
spoken	VBN
.	.
Outpatient	NN
psychiatry	NN
services	NNS
:	:
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
medication	NN
management	NN
,	,
or	CC
both	DT
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
drug	NN
and	CC
alcohol	NN
issues	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
mood	NN
,	,
interpersonal	JJ
,	,
sleep	VB
and	CC
anxiety	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
Call	VB
the	DT
office	NN
for	IN
information	NN
or	CC
to	TO
make	VB
an	DT
appointment	NN
.	.
As	IN
someone	NN
living	NN
in	IN
recovery	NN
from	IN
bulimia	NN
,	,
I	PRP
know	VBP
all	DT
too	RB
well	RB
how	WRB
overwhelming	JJ
it	PRP
can	MD
feel	VB
to	TO
figure	VB
out	RP
who	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
live	VB
life	NN
without	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Life	NNP
coaching	NN
provides	VBZ
support	NN
and	CC
structure	NN
in	IN
that	DT
discovery	NN
process	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
clients	NNS
in	IN
person	NN
or	CC
over	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
and	CC
look	VB
forward	RB
to	TO
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
help	VB
.	.
Licensed	VBN
Clinical	NNP
Psychologist	NNP
specializing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
those	DT
suffering	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Experienced	VBN
in	IN
providing	VBG
individual	JJ
,	,
group	NN
,	,
family	NN
,	,
and	CC
couples	NNS
psychotherapy	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
support	NN
groups	NNS
for	IN
individuals	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
family	NN
members	NNS
.	.
Coordinated	VBN
team	NN
approach	NN
to	TO
treatment	NN
.	.
Other	JJ
specialty	NN
areas	NNS
include	VBP
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
and	CC
trauma	NN
.	.
Completed	VBN
residency	NN
at	IN
renowned	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
facility	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
professionally	RB
trained	JJ
life	NN
coach	NN
with	IN
expertise	NN
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
women	NNS
and	CC
teens	NNS
to	TO
live	VB
more	JJR
full	JJ
lives	NNS
,	,
free	JJ
from	IN
self-limiting	JJ
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
behaviors	NNS
.	.
The	DT
coaching	NN
relationship	NN
provides	VBZ
structure	NN
,	,
support	NN
and	CC
accountability	NN
to	TO
help	VB
women	NNS
maintain	VB
and	CC
strengthen	VB
recovery	NN
after	IN
leaving	VBG
treatment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
Masters	NNP
in	IN
Social	NNP
Work	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
happy	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
multi-disciplinary	JJ
team	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
also	RB
a	DT
person	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
recovered	VBN
from	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
coaching	NN
services	NNS
over	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
and	CC
in	IN
person	NN
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
free	JJ
initial	JJ
consultation	NN
and	CC
sample	NN
session	NN
.	.
One-on-on	JJ
coaching	NN
and	CC
group	NN
coaching	NN
for	IN
people	NNS
coming	VBG
out	IN
of	IN
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
coaching	NN
is	VBZ
most	RBS
effective	JJ
with	IN
clients	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
transitioning	VBG
out	IN
of	IN
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
,	,
who	WP
are	VBP
managing	VBG
symptoms	NNS
pretty	RB
well	RB
and	CC
are	VBP
looking	VBG
for	IN
additional	JJ
support	NN
and	CC
structure	NN
as	IN
they	PRP
challenge	VBP
themselves	PRP
and	CC
start	VB
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
fulfilling	VBG
and	CC
meaningful	JJ
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
professional	JJ
certified	JJ
coach	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
struggled	VBN
with	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
exercise	NN
addiction	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
coach	NN
,	,
I	PRP
listen	VBP
to	TO
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
as	IN
powerful	JJ
,	,
courageous	JJ
,	,
strong	JJ
people	NNS
and	CC
offer	VBP
support	NN
and	CC
encouragement	NN
as	IN
they	PRP
continue	VBP
to	TO
expand	VB
their	PRP$
worlds	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
cover	VBP
long	JJ
distance	NN
charges	NNS
for	IN
clients	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
.	.
A	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
3	CD
months	NNS
of	IN
coaching	NN
,	,
sessions	NNS
once	IN
a	DT
week	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
reccomended	VBN
.	.
When	WRB
feeling	VBG
overwhelmed	VBN
with	IN
life	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
problems	NNS
,	,
know	VBP
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
place	NN
to	TO
turn	VB
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
committed	VBN
to	TO
providing	VBG
our	PRP$
patients	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
highest	JJS
quality	NN
of	IN
psychiatric	JJ
care	NN
in	IN
an	DT
atmosphere	NN
of	IN
respect	NN
,	,
compassion	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
belief	NN
in	IN
the	DT
innate	JJ
value	NN
of	IN
every	DT
individual	JJ
regardless	RB
of	IN
their	PRP$
accomplishments	NNS
or	CC
failures	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
Christian	JJ
based	VBN
counseling	NN
for	IN
those	DT
desiring	VBG
this	DT
and	CC
respect	VB
the	DT
right	NN
of	IN
individuals	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
this	DT
choice	NN
for	IN
themselves	PRP
.	.
We	PRP
strive	VBP
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
setting	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
one	CD
will	MD
feel	VB
supported	VBN
and	CC
safe	JJ
in	IN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
whatever	WDT
problems	NNS
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
needs	VBZ
to	TO
address	VB
.	.
We	PRP
're	VBP
here	RB
to	TO
help	VB
.	.
Currently	RB
accepting	VBG
new	JJ
patients	NNS
,	,
adult	NN
,	,
adolescent	JJ
and	CC
children	NNS
ages	NNS
5	CD
and	CC
up	RB
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
treat	VB
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
;	:
lower	JJR
cholesterol	NN
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
diet	NN
;	:
want	VB
to	TO
avoid	VB
stomach	NN
surgery	NN
;	:
want	VB
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
treat	VB
food	NN
allergies	NNS
or	CC
intolerances	NNS
;	:
or	CC
have	VB
celiac	JJ
disease	NN
,	,
irritable	JJ
bowel	NN
syndrome	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
still-undiagnosed	JJ
medical	JJ
problems	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
food	NN
,	,
nutrition	NN
and	CC
lifestyle	NN
,	,
then	RB
you	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
interested	JJ
in	IN
our	PRP$
private	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
good	JJ
candidate	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Program	NNP
for	IN
Weight	NNP
Loss	NN
,	,
the	DT
Wall	NNP
Street	NNP
Journal	NNP
Cholesterol-Lowering	NNP
Program	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Healthy	JJ
Weight	NNP
Loss	NN
Program	NN
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
highly	RB
motivated	VBN
and	CC
are	VBP
a	DT
high-achiever	NN
,	,
or	CC
if	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
high-potential	JJ
to	TO
achieve	VB
.	.
Dr.	NNP
John	NNP
La	NNP
Puma	NNP
conducts	VBZ
all	DT
programs	NNS
personally	RB
.	.
A	DT
New	NNP
York	NNP
Times	NNP
best-selling	JJ
author	NN
and	CC
board-certified	JJ
internist	NN
specialist	NN
in	IN
nutrition	NN
,	,
he	PRP
sees	VBZ
patients	NNS
ages	NNS
16	CD
and	CC
up	RB
by	IN
referral	NN
.	.
You	PRP
receive	VBP
a	DT
medical	JJ
evaluation	NN
and	CC
a	DT
multidisciplinary	JJ
,	,
individualized	JJ
program	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
La	NNP
Puma	NNP
takes	VBZ
a	DT
careful	JJ
,	,
nutritional	JJ
,	,
personalized	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
program	NN
,	,
which	WDT
usually	RB
includes	VBZ
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
,	,
nutritional	JJ
and	CC
educational	JJ
components	NNS
.	.
Feel	NNP
free	JJ
to	TO
contact	VB
the	DT
Institute	NNP
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
as	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
in	IN
Vancouver	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
done	VBN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
work	NN
with	IN
patients	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
from	IN
anorexia	NN
to	TO
bulimia	NN
to	TO
compulsive	JJ
over	IN
eating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
one-on-one	JJ
in	IN
person	NN
or	CC
via	IN
the	DT
telephone	NN
for	IN
counselling	VBG
sessions	NNS
.	.
All	DT
of	IN
our	PRP$
online	NN
therapists	NNS
have	VBP
passed	VBN
our	PRP$
rigorous	JJ
screening	VBG
process	NN
,	,
are	VBP
licensed	JJ
or	CC
board	NN
certified	VBD
in	IN
their	PRP$
states	NNS
,	,
and	CC
are	VBP
carefully	RB
selected	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
part	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
network	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
their	PRP$
demonstrated	VBN
clinical	JJ
skills	NNS
.	.
Chat	NN
,	,
email	NN
and	CC
phone	NN
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
.	.
Individual	JJ
Counselling	NN
for	IN
those	DT
struggling	VBG
with	IN
compulsive	JJ
,	,
binge-eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
bulemia	NN
,	,
anorexia	NN
,	,
food	NN
restriction	NN
.	.
Safe	NNP
,	,
supportive	JJ
atmosphere	NN
from	IN
one	CD
who	WP
has	VBZ
recovered	VBN
.	.
Free	NNP
one	CD
hour	NN
consultation	NN
.	.
Telephone	NNP
counselling	NN
available	JJ
.	.
Weekly	NNP
sessions	NNS
at	IN
$	$
65.00	CD
\/	CD
session	NN
.	.
Sliding	VBG
scale	NN
available	JJ
.	.
Bursaries\/Scholarships	NNS
available	JJ
.	.
Satir	NNP
Therapist	NNP
,	,
Nutritional	NNP
Consultant	NN
.	.
Available	JJ
evenings	NNS
,	,
weekdays	NNS
.	.
Jacquelyn	NNP
Ekern	NNP
,	,
MS	NNP
,	,
offers	VBZ
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
counseling	NN
to	TO
those	DT
seeking	VBG
recovery	NN
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
employs	VBZ
DBT	NNP
,	,
CBT	NNP
,	,
and	CC
IPT	NNP
in	IN
her	PRP$
treatment	NN
strategies	NNS
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Recovery	NNP
coaching	NN
available	JJ
by	IN
telephone	NN
and	CC
internet	NN
.	.
All	DT
coaching	NN
provided	VBN
by	IN
Jacquelyn	NNP
Ekern	NNP
,	,
MS	NNP
,	,
founder	NN
and	CC
president	NN
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Hope	NNP
,	,
LLC	NNP
.	.
Coaching	NN
is	VBZ
separate	JJ
from	IN
therapy	NN
and	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
involve	VB
psychotherapy	NN
.	.
Supportive	JJ
,	,
positive	JJ
and	CC
proactive	JJ
group	NN
discussion\/sharing	VBG
will	MD
be	VB
led	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
group	NN
leader	NN
.	.
Discussion	NN
will	MD
consist	VB
of	IN
topics	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
recovering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
personal	JJ
issues	NNS
the	DT
individual	NN
is	VBZ
working	VBG
through	IN
to	TO
accomplish	VB
this	DT
.	.
This	DT
group	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
substitute	NN
for	IN
professional	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
this	DT
group	NN
will	MD
work	VB
well	RB
with	IN
additional	JJ
outside	JJ
treatment	NN
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
member	NN
so	RB
desires	NNS
.	.
Meeting	VBG
weekly	JJ
,	,
wednesday	NN
's	POS
,	,
7	CD
to	TO
8:30	CD
pm	NN
,	,
cost	NN
is	VBZ
$	$
10	CD
per	IN
group	NN
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
offered	VBD
for	IN
those	DT
struggling	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
understand	VB
the	DT
roots	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
and	CC
better	JJR
ways	NNS
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
difficult	JJ
feelings	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
supportive	JJ
,	,
effective	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
in	IN
a	DT
non-judgemental	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
Therapy	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
as	IN
scary	JJ
as	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
seem	VB
at	IN
first	RB
,	,
this	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
recovery	NN
process	NN
of	IN
discovery	NN
and	CC
empowerment	NN
.	.
Transition	NN
Yoga	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
gentle	JJ
practice	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
recovering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
them	PRP
in	IN
developing	VBG
a	DT
positive	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
their	PRP$
body	NN
&	CC
spirit	NN
.	.
The	DT
practice	NN
incorporates	VBZ
hatha	NN
yoga	NN
,	,
thai	JJ
massage	NN
,	,
vizualizations	NN
&	CC
meditation	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
yoga	NN
teacher	NN
&	CC
coach	NN
who	WP
recovered	VBD
from	IN
her	PRP$
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
with	IN
this	DT
program	NN
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
complimentary	JJ
&	CC
supportive	JJ
of	IN
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
Divya	NNP
Jyoti	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
certified	JJ
Yoga	NN
therapist	NN
trained	VBN
in	IN
Brazil	NNP
and	CC
in	IN
India	NNP
.	.
While	IN
living	VBG
in	IN
India	NNP
for	IN
one	CD
year	NN
,	,
she	PRP
extensively	RB
studied	VBD
the	DT
therapeutic	JJ
yoga	NN
and	CC
meditation	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
currently	RB
studying	VBG
towards	IN
her	PRP$
master	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
in	IN
Yoga	NNP
Psychology	NNP
applied	VBD
to	TO
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
at	IN
Lesley	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
Cambridge	NNP
.	.
Divya	NNP
Jyoti	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
researcher	NN
assistant	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Psychology	NNP
Laboratory	NNP
in	IN
Harvard	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
conducting	VBG
clinical	JJ
research	NN
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
self-injurious	JJ
behaviors	NNS
.	.
Divya	NNP
Jyoti	NNP
is	VBZ
professionaly	RB
associated	VBN
with	IN
MEDA	NNP
-	:
MAssachusets	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Association	NNP
and	CC
she	PRP
provides	VBZ
private	JJ
yoga	NN
therapy	NN
sessions	NNS
for	IN
those	DT
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
for	IN
the	DT
family	NN
members	NNS
.	.
Compassionate	JJ
work	NN
from	IN
a	DT
Massage	NNP
Therapist	NNP
and	CC
Yoga	NNP
Instructor	NNP
who	WP
is	VBZ
in	IN
recovery	NN
herself	PRP
from	IN
food	NN
and	CC
body-related	JJ
issues	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
helping	VBG
create	VB
a	DT
world	NN
where	WRB
girls	NNS
grow	VBP
up	RP
loving	JJ
themselves	PRP
and	CC
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
women	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
issues	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
the	DT
body	NN
have	VBP
recovery	NN
options	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
them	PRP
that	IN
empower	VB
and	CC
assist	VB
them	PRP
on	IN
their	PRP$
path	NN
to	TO
joyful	JJ
living	NN
.	.
Yoga	NN
lessons	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
available	JJ
both	DT
for	IN
groups	NNS
and	CC
individuals	NNS
.	.
Special	JJ
courses	NNS
are	VBP
offered	VBN
on	IN
``	``
Yoga	NNP
for	IN
Loving	NNP
Your	PRP$
Body	NN
at	IN
Any	DT
Age	NNP
,	,
Shape	NNP
and	CC
Size	NN
''	''
.	.
Johanna	NNP
offers	VBZ
various	JJ
forms	NNS
of	IN
massage	NN
and	CC
bodywork	NN
that	WDT
are	VBP
helpful	JJ
to	TO
women	NNS
in	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Myofascial	NNP
release	NN
and	CC
unwinding	VBG
assists	VBZ
clients	NNS
in	IN
experiencing	VBG
and	CC
releasing	VBG
stuck	JJ
emotions	NNS
and	CC
traumas	NNS
through	IN
intrinsic	JJ
movement	NN
,	,
deep	JJ
touch	NN
and	CC
stretching	VBG
techniques	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
forms	NNS
of	IN
massage	NN
are	VBP
available	JJ
to	TO
sooth	VB
,	,
nurture	VB
and	CC
bring	VB
balance	NN
to	TO
the	DT
mind	NN
and	CC
body	NN
,	,
including	VBG
Swedish	NNP
,	,
Deep	NNP
Tissue	NNP
,	,
MFR	NNP
,	,
Shiatsu	NNP
,	,
Thai	NNP
Massage	NNP
,	,
Hot	NNP
Stone	NNP
and	CC
energy	NN
work	NN
.	.
Guided	VBN
meditations	NNS
and	CC
visualizations	NNS
can	MD
also	RB
be	VB
integrated	VBN
into	IN
bodywork	NN
sessions	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
clients	NNS
relax	VB
more	JJR
deeply	RB
and	CC
connect	VB
with	IN
their	PRP$
higher	JJR
power	NN
.	.
Certified	NNP
Fitness	NNP
Trainer	NNP
specializing	VBG
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
women	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
recovering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Using	VBG
integrated	VBN
pilates	NNS
and	CC
strength	NN
training	NN
methods	NNS
to	TO
optimize	VB
energy	NN
and	CC
wellness	NN
in	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
facility	NN
.	.
Sliding	VBG
scale	NN
available	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
10	CD
week	NN
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
program	NN
that	WDT
meets	VBZ
Tuesday	NNP
through	IN
Thursday	NNP
from	IN
4:30	CD
-7:30	CD
PM	NNP
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
we	PRP
offer	VBP
3	CD
therapeutic	JJ
outings	NNS
on	IN
Monday	NNP
evenings	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
program	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
clients	NNS
who	WP
need	VBP
continuity	NN
of	IN
care	NN
after	IN
leaving	VBG
an	DT
in-patient\/residential	JJ
treatment	NN
facility	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
clients	NNS
who	WP
need	VBP
more	JJR
than	IN
weekly	JJ
therapy	NN
sessions	NNS
with	IN
their	PRP$
therapist	NN
and\/or	CC
dietitian	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
approach	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
dialectical	JJ
behavioral	JJ
therapy	NN
and	CC
experiential	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
Group	NNP
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
tailored	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
clientele	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
fully	RB
licensed	JJ
treatment	NN
team	NN
has	VBZ
over	IN
20	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
combined	VBN
experience	NN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
private	JJ
practice	NN
and	CC
in	IN
hopsital	JJ
based	VBN
treatment	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
,	,
adults	NNS
for	IN
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
Incorporate	VB
multi-faceted	JJ
trmnt	NN
--	:
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
,	,
medical	JJ
,	,
psychiatric	JJ
monitoring	NN
.	.
Offer	NN
individual	NN
,	,
family	NN
,	,
group	NN
interventions	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
private	JJ
group	NN
practice	NN
providing	VBG
comprehensive	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
with	IN
specialties	NNS
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
attention	NN
deficit	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
We	PRP
know	VBP
how	WRB
painful	JJ
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
advanced	VBN
clinicians	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
the	DT
dedication	NN
and	CC
skill	NN
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
actively	RB
engage	VBP
in	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
recovery	NN
process	NN
.	.
Since	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
can	MD
affect	VB
every	DT
aspect	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
we	PRP
are	VBP
prepared	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
with	IN
school	NN
,	,
work	NN
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
love	NN
life	NN
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
psychiatry	NN
,	,
testing	NN
and	CC
a	DT
range	NN
of	IN
psychotherapies	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
known	VBN
for	IN
our	PRP$
clinical	JJ
integrity	NN
,	,
versatility	NN
and	CC
down	RB
to	TO
earth	NN
style	NN
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
hope	NN
,	,
skill	NN
and	CC
compassion	NN
.	.
Medical	JJ
management	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
and	CC
men	NNS
that	WDT
suffer	VBP
from	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Member	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Columbia	NNP
River	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Network	NNP
,	,
International	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Association	NNP
.	.
Multidisciplinary	JJ
team	NN
treatment	NN
approach	NN
.	.
All	DT
levels	NNS
of	IN
care	NN
available	JJ
ranging	VBG
from	IN
outpatient	NN
team	NN
care	NN
,	,
day	NN
hospital	NN
care	NN
,	,
to	TO
inpatient	JJ
care	NN
for	IN
medical	JJ
stabilization	NN
.	.
Warm	JJ
and	CC
friendly	JJ
staff	NN
with	IN
team	NN
approach	NN
.	.
The	DT
patient	NN
is	VBZ
considered	VBN
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
team	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
related	JJ
services	NNS
offered	VBN
in	IN
one	CD
location	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
insurance	NN
accepted	VBN
.	.
State	NN
of	IN
the	DT
art	NN
facility	NN
with	IN
specialized	JJ
equipment	NN
for	IN
the	DT
diagnosis	NN
and	CC
monitoring	NN
of	IN
complications	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
transitioning	VBG
from	IN
a	DT
residential	JJ
or	CC
other	JJ
treatment	NN
program	NN
,	,
we	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
find	VB
your	PRP$
way	NN
.	.
Comprehensive	NNP
treatment	NN
of	IN
individuals	NNS
having	VBG
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Specialty	NNP
Unit	NNP
based	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
urban	JJ
hospital	NN
accredited	VBN
by	IN
JCAHO	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
State	NN
of	IN
Maine	NNP
.	.
Multidisciplinary	JJ
treatment	NN
team	NN
guide	NN
patients	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Programs	NNS
include	VBP
inpatient	JJ
medical	JJ
stabilization	NN
,	,
partial	JJ
hospitalization	NN
,	,
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
program	NN
,	,
medication	NN
management	NN
,	,
assessment	NN
and	CC
referral	NN
.	.
The	DT
staff	NN
is	VBZ
experienced	JJ
and	CC
has	VBZ
functioned	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
treatment	NN
unit	NN
since	IN
1987	CD
formerly	RB
based	VBN
at	IN
Westbrook	NNP
Community	NNP
Hospital	NNP
.	.
The	DT
merger	NN
with	IN
Mercy	NNP
Hospital	NNP
has	VBZ
enriched	VBN
the	DT
program	NN
's	POS
ability	NN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
resource	NN
to	TO
the	DT
community	NN
.	.
The	DT
Transformation	NN
center	NN
offers	NNS
and	CC
integrated	VBN
approach	NN
to	TO
the	DT
treatment	NN
and	CC
prevention	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
combine	VBP
traditional	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
with	IN
medical	JJ
,	,
nutritional	JJ
,	,
and	CC
mind-body	JJ
connection	NN
therapies	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
movement	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
Pilates	NNP
,	,
Yoga	NNP
,	,
Conditioning	NNP
,	,
massage	NN
.	.
Trager	NNP
work	NN
etc.	FW
in	IN
a	DT
team	NN
approach	NN
.	.
We	PRP
bridge	VBP
the	DT
gap	NN
between	IN
local	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
treatment	NN
by	IN
itself	PRP
and	CC
full	JJ
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
staff	NN
of	IN
14	CD
and	CC
a	DT
facility	NN
that	WDT
allows	VBZ
on-site	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
all	DT
our	PRP$
theraputic	JJ
approaches	NNS
.	.
Licensed	VBN
Clinical	NNP
Psychologist	NNP
We	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
multidisciplinary	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
focus	NN
is	VBZ
on	IN
wellness	NN
;	:
i.e.	FW
,	,
the	DT
emphasis	NN
is	VBZ
on	IN
creating	VBG
and	CC
building	VBG
on	IN
healthy	JJ
living	NN
,	,
and	CC
moving	VBG
away	RB
from	IN
symptoms	NNS
.	.
This	DT
``	``
team	NN
''	''
includes	VBZ
psychologists	NNS
,	,
registered	VBN
dietitians	NNS
,	,
and	CC
medication	NN
management	NN
specialists	NNS
;	:
along	IN
with	IN
family	NN
therapists	NNS
and	CC
psychotherapists	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
trained	VBN
in	IN
advanced	JJ
visualization	NN
techniques	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
we	PRP
offer	VBP
metabolic	JJ
assessment	NN
via	IN
the	DT
MedGem	NNP
:	:
an	DT
FDA-approved	JJ
device	NN
which	WDT
measures	VBZ
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
calories	NNS
your	PRP$
body	NN
burns	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
given	VBN
day	NN
.	.
We	PRP
accept	VBP
and	CC
file	VBP
for	IN
most	JJS
major	JJ
insurance	NN
;	:
and	CC
take	VB
credit	NN
cards	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
offices	NNS
both	DT
at	IN
the	DT
beaches	NNS
and	CC
``	``
in	IN
town	NN
''	''
.	.
Ph.D.	NNP
,	,
LISW	NNP
's	POS
,	,
R.D.	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Psychiatrist	NNP
The	NNP
Center	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
non-profit	JJ
organization	NN
providing	VBG
a	DT
mutlidiscplinary	JJ
,	,
team	NN
approach	NN
to	TO
treatment	NN
.	.
The	DT
center	NN
provides	VBZ
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
group	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
and	CC
psychiatric	JJ
evaluations	NNS
and	CC
medical	JJ
managment	NN
.	.
The	DT
Center	NNP
'	POS
mission	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
educational	JJ
outreach	NN
,	,
preventative	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
research	NN
and	CC
comprehensive	JJ
specialized	VBN
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
treatment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
behavioral	JJ
internist	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
practice	NN
setting	VBG
in	IN
coordination	NN
with	IN
referrals	NNS
to	TO
dietician	NN
,	,
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
and	CC
endocrinology	NN
when	WRB
appropriate	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
personally	RB
can	MD
use	VB
medical	JJ
hypnosis	NN
when	WRB
useful	JJ
.	.
Each	DT
person	NN
's	POS
care	NN
is	VBZ
individualized	VBN
.	.
My	PRP$
patients	NNS
often	RB
use	VBP
E-mail	NN
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
both	DT
communicating	VBG
and	CC
keeping	VBG
focus	NN
on	IN
their	PRP$
behavioral	JJ
goals	NNS
,	,
though	IN
obviously	RB
some	DT
problems	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
handled	VBN
in	IN
person	NN
.	.
Experienced	VBN
multi-professional	JJ
team	NN
offers	VBZ
psychological	JJ
,	,
nutritional	JJ
and	CC
medical	JJ
assessment	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
for	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
Consultations	NNS
for	IN
mental	JJ
health	NN
professionals	NNS
,	,
nutritionists	NNS
and	CC
medical	JJ
doctors	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
.	.
Presentations	NNS
about	IN
a	DT
wide	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
topics	NNS
relevant	JJ
to	TO
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
scheduled	VBN
.	.
Team	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Model	NNP
using	VBG
numerous	JJ
modalities	NNS
including	VBG
Equine	NNP
Assisted	NNP
Psychotherapy	NNP
.	.
Free	NNP
phone	NN
consultation	NN
,	,
treatment	NN
plans	NNS
include	VBP
team	NN
input	NN
and	CC
values	VBZ
the	DT
input	NN
of	IN
the	DT
patient	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
program	NN
is	VBZ
tailored	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
and	CC
includes	VBZ
evaluation	NN
of	IN
community	NN
resourses	NNS
.	.
Clinically	RB
intensive	JJ
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
teenage	JJ
girls	NNS
ages	NNS
13-17	CD
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Extensive	JJ
equine	JJ
program	NN
that	WDT
incorporates	VBZ
riding	VBG
,	,
jumping	VBG
,	,
showing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
horse	NN
care	NN
along	IN
with	IN
a	DT
12-step	JJ
based	VBN
program	NN
for	IN
all	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
addictions	NNS
.	.
Small	JJ
--	:
12	CD
beds	NNS
--	:
for	IN
individual	JJ
attention	NN
,	,
but	CC
comprehensive	JJ
with	IN
accredited	JJ
,	,
outstanding	JJ
educaition	NN
,	,
excellent	JJ
psychiatric	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
Tired	JJ
of	IN
traditional	JJ
treatment	NN
methods	NNS
and	CC
attempts	NNS
?	.
Recover	VB
your	PRP$
health	NN
here	RB
,	,
naturally	RB
.	.
Welcome	UH
to	TO
Essence	NNP
Recovery	NNP
Center	NNP
,	,
where	WRB
a	DT
natural	JJ
,	,
holistic	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
overcoming	VBG
health	NN
issues	NNS
is	VBZ
the	DT
focus	NN
.	.
Here	RB
at	IN
our	PRP$
exclusive	JJ
Retreat	NNP
Center	NNP
,	,
we	PRP
provide	VBP
an	DT
all-inclusive	JJ
vacation-like	JJ
atmosphere	NN
while	IN
we	PRP
take	VBP
you	PRP
on	IN
a	DT
journey	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
and	CC
healing	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
unique	JJ
program	NN
places	VBZ
its	PRP$
emphasis	NN
on	IN
healing	NN
through	IN
correcting	VBG
the	DT
bio-chemical	JJ
imbalances	NNS
that	WDT
lead	VBP
to	TO
addiction	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
health	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
through	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
customized	VBN
nutritional	JJ
supplementation	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Orthomolecular	JJ
Medicine	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
herbal	JJ
combinations	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
include	VBP
an	DT
abundance	NN
of	IN
massage	NN
and	CC
bodywork	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
acupuncture	NN
,	,
individual	JJ
``	``
talk	NN
''	''
therapy	NN
sessions	NNS
,	,
group	NN
art	NN
and	CC
music	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
Equine	NNP
Assisted	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
sweat	NN
lodge	VBP
ceremonies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
guided	VBD
meditations	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
provide	VB
exposure	NN
to	TO
traditional	JJ
12-Step	JJ
recovery	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
all	DT
on	IN
our	PRP$
private	JJ
,	,
exclusive	JJ
estate	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
program	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
reclaim	VB
their	PRP$
health	NN
naturally	RB
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
experience	VB
recovery	NN
in	IN
a	DT
way	NN
that	IN
supports	VBZ
ongoing	JJ
success	NN
.	.
We	PRP
hope	VBP
you	PRP
will	MD
explore	VB
our	PRP$
program	NN
carefully	RB
and	CC
feel	VB
confident	JJ
that	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
answer	NN
you	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
searching	VBG
for	IN
.	.
Clients	NNS
who	WP
choose	VBP
to	TO
come	VB
to	TO
Essence	NNP
have	VBP
ongoing	JJ
issues	NNS
with	IN
:	:
Alcohol	NNP
DependencyDrug	NNP
AbuseChronic	NNP
Relapse	NNP
Nicotine	NNP
Addiction	NNP
Food	NNP
Addictions	NNPS
ADD\/ADHD\/Bi-PolarEnvironmental	JJ
Toxicity	NN
Depression\/AngerAnxiety	NNP
\/	NNP
StressSleep	NNP
DisordersChemical	NNP
ImbalancesWeight	NNP
ProblemsFibromyalgia\/CFSChronic	NNP
Poor	NNP
HealthThis	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
non-medical	JJ
Residential	NNP
and	CC
Day-Program	NNP
for	IN
natural	JJ
health	NN
recovery	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
an	DT
institutional-style	JJ
rehab	NN
,	,
but	CC
a	DT
Healing	NNP
Arts	NNP
Resort	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
body	NN
,	,
mind	NN
and	CC
soul	NN
.	.
Cadwalder	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
Clinics	NNP
offers	VBZ
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
including	VBG
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
and	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
Specializing	VBG
in	IN
these	DT
conditions	NNS
when	WRB
complicated	VBN
by	IN
substance	NN
abuse	NN
.	.
Also	RB
offering	VBG
Therapeutic	NNP
Boarding	NNP
School	NNP
at	IN
Spring	NNP
CreekHorse	NNP
Farm	NNP
.	.
LifeWorks	NNS
counseling	VBG
associates	NNS
values	NNS
creativity	NN
,	,
community	NN
,	,
and	CC
truth	NN
.	.
Each	DT
LifeWorks	NNP
counselor	NN
was	VBD
recruited	VBN
,	,
in	IN
part	NN
,	,
for	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
creative	JJ
capacity	NN
.	.
We	PRP
not	RB
only	RB
think	VB
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
box	NN
,	,
we	PRP
sometimes	RB
take	VBP
the	DT
box	NN
itself	PRP
,	,
shred	NN
it	PRP
,	,
make	VBP
confetti	NNS
out	IN
of	IN
it	PRP
,	,
and	CC
throw	VB
a	DT
parade	NN
for	IN
a	DT
client	NN
who	WP
experiences	VBZ
a	DT
breakthrough	NN
.	.
We	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
a	DT
``	``
stuck	JJ
''	''
case	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
opportunity	NN
for	IN
fresh	JJ
thinking	NN
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
are	VBP
diligent	JJ
to	TO
find	VB
that	IN
new	JJ
and	CC
elusive	JJ
door	NN
to	TO
healing	NN
and	CC
walk	NN
through	IN
it	PRP
boldly	RB
and	CC
without	IN
fear	NN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Kelly	NNP
is	VBZ
currently	RB
finishing	VBG
her	PRP$
doctoral	JJ
program	NN
in	IN
Clinical	JJ
Psychology	NN
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Illinois	NNP
at	IN
Chicago	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
completed	VBD
her	PRP$
clinical	JJ
internship	NN
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Illinois	NNP
Urbana	NNP
,	,
Champaign	NNP
in	IN
1998	CD
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Kelly	NNP
has	VBZ
a	DT
dual	JJ
career	NN
as	IN
an	DT
equestrian	NN
and	CC
psychotherapist	NN
.	.
She	PRP
became	VBD
interested	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
psychology	NN
while	IN
training	NN
athletes	NNS
who	WP
struggled	VBD
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
her	PRP$
expertise	NN
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
Ms.	NNP
Kelly	NNP
works	VBZ
with	IN
persons	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
mood	NN
,	,
trauma	NN
and	CC
relational	JJ
difficulties	NNS
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Kelly	NNP
has	VBZ
specialized	VBN
training	NN
in	IN
Sports	NNP
Psychology	NNP
,	,
Leadership	NNP
Training	NNP
,	,
Pet	NNP
Bereavement	NNP
,	,
and	CC
animal-assisted	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
Rein	NNP
&	CC
Shine	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
non-profit	JJ
Equine-Facilitated	NNP
Therapy	NNP
that	IN
uses	VBZ
horses	NNS
and	CC
horseback	NN
riding	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
therapy	NN
for	IN
all	DT
kinds	NNS
of	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
all	DT
kinds	NNS
of	IN
disorders	NNS
and	CC
disabilities	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBD
a	DT
personal	JJ
experience	NN
that	WDT
proves	VBZ
that	IN
horses	NNS
can	MD
help	VB
people	NNS
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
SOS	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
non-profit	JJ
agency	NN
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
Hope	NNP
for	IN
both	DT
People	NNS
and	CC
Animals	NNS
through	IN
our	PRP$
various	JJ
programs	NNS
including	VBG
animal-assisted	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
SOS	NNP
is	VBZ
teaching	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
compassioante	JJ
world	NN
and	CC
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
promote	VB
and	CC
enhance	VB
healthy	JJ
,	,
humane	JJ
behavior	NN
toward	IN
all	DT
living	VBG
creatures	NNS
.	.
SOS	NNP
bases	VBZ
its	PRP$
principles	NNS
on	IN
Christian	NNP
beliefs	NNS
.	.
All	DT
faiths	NNS
and	CC
people	NNS
are	VBP
welcome	JJ
to	TO
SOS	NNP
.	.
Being	VBG
in	IN
recovery	NN
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
special	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
counseling	NN
others	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
binge	NN
and	CC
over	IN
eating	NN
.	.
We	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
parents	NNS
for	IN
support	NN
,	,
individuals	NNS
,	,
families	NNS
and	CC
groups	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
focus	NN
is	VBZ
on	IN
youth	NN
,	,
women	NNS
's	POS
issues	NNS
and	CC
men	NNS
for	IN
self-esteem	NN
,	,
mood	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
alcohol	NN
and	CC
drug	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
domestic	JJ
violence	NN
and	CC
crises\/coping	VBG
skills	NNS
.	.
International	NNP
hospital	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
chemical	NN
dependency	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
,	,
trauma	NN
,	,
sex	NN
addiction	NN
,	,
co-dependency	NN
,	,
gambling	VBG
addiction	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
and	CC
obsessive	JJ
cumpulsive	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
among	IN
others	NNS
.	.
Specializing	VBG
in	IN
multi-issued	JJ
clients	NNS
.	.
Utilizing	VBG
a	DT
bio-psycho-social-spiritual-emotional	JJ
approach	NN
.	.
Individual	JJ
treatment	NN
plans	NNS
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorder	NN
group	NN
specific	JJ
facilitated	VBN
by	IN
masters	NNS
level	NN
therapist	NN
,	,
dedicated	VBN
psychiatrist	NN
,	,
nutritionist	NN
and	CC
exercise	NN
therapist	NN
.	.
Therapies	NNS
include	VBP
:	:
psychodynamic	JJ
,	,
cognitive	JJ
behavioal	NN
,	,
experiential	JJ
,	,
EMDR	NNP
,	,
Equine	NNP
assisted	VBD
therapy	NN
,	,
adventure	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
psychopharmacolgy	NN
,	,
relapse	NN
prevention	NN
,	,
12	CD
step	NN
and	CC
psycho	NN
educational	JJ
work	NN
.	.
Beautiful	JJ
campus	NN
setting	VBG
integrated	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
high	JJ
desert	NN
.	.
Windward	NNP
Farm	NNP
provides	VBZ
Equine	NNP
Assisted	NNP
Psychotherapy	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
EAP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
group	NN
and	CC
family	NN
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
emotional	JJ
and	CC
behavioral	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
EAP	NNP
is	VBZ
used	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
anxiety	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
ADHD	NNP
,	,
asperger	NN
's	POS
syndrome	NN
,	,
behavioral	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
adjustment	NN
difficulties	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
loss	NN
or	CC
divorce	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
increase	VB
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
problem	NN
solving	VBG
skills	NNS
.	.
Therapeutic	JJ
Intensive	JJ
weekend	NN
workshops	NNS
offered	VBD
every	DT
4	CD
to	TO
6	CD
weeks	NNS
.	.
The	DT
workshops	NNS
take	VBP
place	NN
Friday	NNP
and	CC
Saturday	NNP
,	,
in	IN
West	NNP
Palm	NNP
Beach	NNP
.	.
For	IN
up	RB
to	TO
6	CD
participants	NNS
,	,
must	MD
be	VB
actively	RB
involved	VBN
in	IN
ongoing	JJ
therapy	NN
to	TO
qualify	VB
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
permission	NN
to	TO
consult	VB
with	IN
your	PRP$
outpatient	NN
therapist	NN
before	IN
and	CC
after	IN
the	DT
workshop	NN
.	.
Workshop	NNP
is	VBZ
very	RB
intense	JJ
,	,
emphasizing	VBG
experiential	JJ
resolution	NN
of	IN
longstanding	JJ
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
including	VBG
physical	JJ
,	,
sexual	JJ
,	,
emotional	JJ
abuse	NN
;	:
grief	NN
,	,
shame	NN
and	CC
guilt	NN
,	,
anger	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
substance	NN
abuse\/dependency	NN
,	,
poor	JJ
self-esteem	NN
,	,
pattern	NN
of	IN
abusive	JJ
relationsihps	NNS
,	,
parental	JJ
death	NN
,	,
divorce	NN
,	,
alcoholism	NN
,	,
abandonment	NN
,	,
neglect	NN
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
A	DT
one-person	NN
all	DT
day	NN
Intensive	NNP
is	VBZ
also	RB
being	VBG
offered	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
alternative	NN
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
can	MD
not	RB
afford	VB
the	DT
time	NN
commitment	NN
and\/or	CC
who	WP
are	VBP
not	RB
interested	JJ
in	IN
group	NN
work	NN
.	.
Look	VB
at	IN
our	PRP$
website	NN
to	TO
get	VB
more	JJR
information	NN
:	:
www.recover-ed.netW	NNP
e	SYM
also	RB
offer	VBP
a	DT
full	JJ
array	NN
of	IN
outpatient	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Carolyn	NNP
recovered	VBD
herself	PRP
from	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
over	IN
twenty	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
.	.
Her	PRP$
own	JJ
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
primary	JJ
factor	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
understanding	NN
of	IN
and	CC
establishing	VBG
empathy	NN
with	IN
her	PRP$
clients	NNS
.	.
The	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
personal	JJ
experience	NN
and	CC
extensive	JJ
training	NN
as	IN
both	DT
a	DT
therapist	NN
and	CC
an	DT
educator	NN
have	VBP
given	VBN
her	PRP$
a	DT
special	JJ
aptitude	NN
for	IN
grasping	VBG
the	DT
underlying	VBG
conflict	NN
,	,
stresses	VBZ
,	,
perceptions	NNS
,	,
distortions	NNS
and	CC
self-worth	NN
issues	NNS
involved	VBN
in	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
related	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
Carolyn	NNP
believes	VBZ
that	IN
clients	NNS
need	VBP
empathic	JJ
but	CC
firm	JJ
attention	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
be	VB
healed	VBN
.	.
Carolyn	NNP
gains	VBZ
her	PRP$
clients	NNS
'	POS
confidence	NN
and	CC
cooperation	NN
in	IN
solving	VBG
their	PRP$
problems	NNS
.	.
Carolyn	NNP
originally	RB
founded	VBD
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Center	NNP
of	IN
CA	NNP
which	WDT
continues	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
outpatient	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
throughout	IN
southern	JJ
CA	NNP
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
this	DT
Carolyn	NNP
served	VBD
as	IN
director	NN
for	IN
several	JJ
hospital	NN
programs	NNS
but	CC
soon	RB
realized	VBD
the	DT
need	NN
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
more	RBR
home-like	JJ
environment	NN
for	IN
optimum	JJ
treatment	NN
to	TO
take	VB
place	NN
.	.
Despite	IN
her	PRP$
other	JJ
responsibilities	NNS
and	CC
her	PRP$
busy	JJ
schedule	NN
Carolyn	NNP
continues	VBZ
to	TO
maintain	VB
a	DT
hands-on	JJ
approach	NN
at	IN
Monte	NNP
Nido	NNP
?	.
providing	VBG
both	DT
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
Carolyn	NNP
's	POS
unique	JJ
combination	NN
of	IN
experience	NN
,	,
training	NN
,	,
and	CC
passion	NN
have	VBP
led	VBN
to	TO
national	JJ
recognition	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
many	JJ
accomplishments	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Carolyn	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
frequent	JJ
speaker	NN
at	IN
national	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
conferences	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
several	JJ
national	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
organizations	NNS
.	.
Carolyn	NNP
is	VBZ
also	RB
the	DT
author	NN
of	IN
two	CD
books	NNS
and	CC
another	DT
small	JJ
manuscript	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
editorial	NN
board	NN
of	IN
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Journal	NNP
of	IN
Treatment	NNP
and	CC
Prevention	NNP
.	.
Carolyn	NNP
attends	VBZ
national	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
conferences	NNS
and	CC
stays	NNS
versed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
etiology	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
cultural	JJ
,	,
developmental	JJ
,	,
biological	JJ
and	CC
psychological	JJ
levels	NNS
.	.
Carolyn	NNP
believes	VBZ
that	IN
in	IN
each	DT
of	IN
her	PRP$
clients	NNS
,	,
to	TO
a	DT
greater	JJR
or	CC
lesser	JJR
degree	NN
,	,
there	EX
exists	VBZ
a	DT
``	``
healthy	JJ
self	NN
''	''
and	CC
a	DT
separate	JJ
``	``
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
self	NN
.	.
''	''
The	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
self	NN
has	VBZ
it	PRP
's	VBZ
own	JJ
set	NN
of	IN
needs	NNS
,	,
feelings	NNS
,	,
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
behaviors	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
different	JJ
from	IN
those	DT
of	IN
the	DT
healthy	JJ
self	NN
and	CC
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
understood	VBN
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
group	NN
and	CC
distance	NN
wholistic	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
obesity	NN
.	.
Using	VBG
a	DT
3	CD
phase	NN
approach	NN
of	IN
:	:
exploring	VBG
the	DT
problem	NN
and	CC
solutions	NNS
,	,
reviewing	VBG
and	CC
revising	VBG
problematic	JJ
life	NN
strategies	NNS
and	CC
creating	VBG
new	JJ
skills	NNS
to	TO
maintain	VB
change	NN
.	.
Programs	NNS
include	VBP
,	,
individual	JJ
intensive	JJ
,	,
ongoing	JJ
groups	NNS
,	,
email	NN
and	CC
in	IN
person	NN
,	,
retreats	NNS
and	CC
workshops	NNS
.	.
Incorporates	VBZ
a	DT
wide	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
perspectives	NNS
and	CC
methods	NNS
from	IN
12	CD
step	NN
and	CC
Cognitive	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
Therapies	NNPS
to	TO
psychospiritual	JJ
interventions	NNS
.	.
Focuses	NNS
on	IN
getting	VBG
participants	NNS
back	RB
in	IN
touch	NN
with	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
body	NN
wisdom	NN
and	CC
natural	JJ
life	NN
process	NN
.	.
Green	NNP
Mountain	NNP
at	IN
Fox	NNP
Run	NNP
was	VBD
established	VBN
in	IN
1973	CD
to	TO
offer	VB
the	DT
country	NN
's	POS
first	JJ
integrated	VBN
weight	NN
and	CC
health	NN
management	NN
program	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
.	.
Since	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
inception	NN
,	,
Green	NNP
Mountain	NNP
has	VBZ
pioneered	VBN
a	DT
`	``
non-diet	JJ
'	''
approach	NN
to	TO
building	VBG
healthy	JJ
lifestyle	NN
habits	NNS
,	,
to	TO
help	VB
women	NNS
make	VB
positive	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
attitudes	NNS
and	CC
behaviors	NNS
regarding	VBG
food	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
,	,
physical	JJ
activity	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
A	DT
multidisciplinary	JJ
team	NN
of	IN
professionals	NNS
in	IN
nutrition	NN
psychology	NN
,	,
exercise	NN
physiology	NN
,	,
metabolism	NN
and	CC
stress	NN
management	NN
.	.
Hilton	NNP
Head	NNP
Health	NNP
Institute	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
providing	VBG
a	DT
no-nonsense	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
healthy	JJ
lifestyles	NNS
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
25	CD
years	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
combine	VBP
the	DT
knowledge	NN
and	CC
talents	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
highly	RB
qualified	VBN
professional	JJ
staff	NN
of	IN
health	NN
educators	NNS
,	,
exercise	NN
physiologists	NNS
,	,
registered	VBN
dietitians	NNS
,	,
behavioural	JJ
counselors	NNS
,	,
fitness	NN
trainers	NNS
,	,
registered	VBN
nurses	NNS
and	CC
culinary	JJ
staff	NN
,	,
resulting	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
serious	JJ
alternative	NN
to	TO
pampering	VBG
spas	NNS
,	,
vacation	NN
resorts	NNS
,	,
and	CC
traditional	JJ
medically-based	JJ
treatment	NN
facilitites	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
unique	JJ
environment	NN
,	,
far	RB
from	IN
the	DT
stressors	NNS
of	IN
everyday	JJ
living	NN
,	,
offers	VBZ
just	RB
the	DT
right	JJ
blend	VB
of	IN
personal	JJ
insight	NN
,	,
healthy	JJ
cuisine	NN
,	,
physical	JJ
challenge	NN
and	CC
mindful	JJ
nourishment	NN
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
make	VB
lasting	JJ
lifestyle	NN
changes	NNS
.	.
Hilton	NNP
Head	NNP
Health	NNP
Institute	NNP
provides	VBZ
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
awaken	VB
and	CC
nourish	VB
yourself	PRP
physically	RB
,	,
spiritually	RB
and	CC
emotionally	RB
.	.
Clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
with	IN
25	CD
years	NNS
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
clients	NNS
,	,
adolescent	JJ
and	CC
adult	NN
,	,
in	IN
varied	JJ
settings	NNS
.	.
Maudsley	NNP
Method	NNP
and	CC
Individual	NNP
approaches	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
CBT	NNP
,	,
IPT	NNP
offered	VBD
for	IN
patients	NNS
ranging	VBG
in	IN
age	NN
from	IN
early	JJ
adolescence	NN
to	TO
adults	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Limbrunner	NNP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
,	,
in	IN
both	DT
males	NNS
and	CC
females	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
extensive	JJ
training	NN
and	CC
experience	NN
at	IN
nationally	RB
recognized	VBN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
centers	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Limbrunner	NNP
is	VBZ
also	RB
experienced	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Maudsley	NNP
Method	NNP
and	CC
Dialectical	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
Therapy	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
DBT	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
these	DT
disorders	NNS
.	.
Laurie	NNP
Daily	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Certified	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Specialist	NNP
who	WP
does	VBZ
support	VB
coaching	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
and	CC
parents	NNS
of	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
teens	NNS
who	WP
struggle	VBP
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Coaching	NN
can	MD
be	VB
in	IN
person	NN
or	CC
over	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
and	CC
email	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
times	NNS
the	DT
parents	NNS
have	VBP
no	DT
idea	NN
what	WP
to	TO
do	VB
when	WRB
their	PRP$
child	NN
is	VBZ
struggling	VBG
.	.
Laurie	NNP
has	VBZ
14	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
recovery	NN
and	CC
ironically	RB
has	VBZ
a	DT
step-son	NN
who	WP
struggled	VBD
with	IN
anorexia	NN
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
Laurie	NNP
can	MD
work	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
find	VB
out	RP
how	WRB
to	TO
help	VB
your	PRP$
child	NN
.	.
Mount	NNP
Sinai	NNP
's	POS
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
outpatient	NN
facility	NN
that	WDT
offers	VBZ
gold-standard	JJ
treatment	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
cutting	VBG
edge	NN
research	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
is	VBZ
offered	VBN
for	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
and	CC
obesity	NN
,	,
and	CC
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
ages	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
from	IN
children	NNS
to	TO
adults	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
Duke	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
multidisciplinary	JJ
,	,
outpatient	NN
program	NN
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
the	DT
following	VBG
services	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
:	:
individual\/family	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
group	NN
parent	NN
training	NN
program	NN
,	,
group	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
nutrition	NN
services	NNS
,	,
medical	JJ
management	NN
,	,
and	CC
medication	NN
consultation	NN
.	.
Initially	RB
,	,
anyone	NN
who	WP
seeks	VBZ
treatment	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Duke	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Clinic	NNP
undergoes	VBZ
a	DT
thorough	JJ
evaluation	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
a	DT
psychological	JJ
interview	NN
and	CC
medical	JJ
exam	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
initial	JJ
assessment	NN
,	,
we	PRP
present	VBP
patients	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
plan	NN
that	WDT
delineates	VBZ
specific	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
skill	NN
development	NN
that	IN
we	PRP
feel	VBP
would	MD
be	VB
particularly	RB
beneficial	JJ
.	.
Kartini	NNP
Clinic	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
multi-diciplinary	JJ
clinic	NN
founded	VBN
to	TO
treat	VB
children	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
with	IN
all	DT
conditions	NNS
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
Medical	JJ
treatment	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
family	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
are	VBP
provided	VBN
.	.
In-patient	JJ
,	,
day	NN
hospital	NN
and	CC
outpatient	NN
care	NN
are	VBP
provided	VBN
for	IN
those	DT
with	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
,	,
outpatient	NN
care	NN
for	IN
all	DT
others	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
see	VB
our	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
for	IN
a	DT
complete	JJ
listing	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
and	CC
staff	NN
.	.
Dr	NNP
Julie	NNP
O'Toole	NNP
,	,
Board	NNP
Certified	NNP
pediatrician	NN
and	CC
Adolescent	JJ
Medicine	NN
doctor	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
the	DT
Medical	NNP
Director	NNP
.	.
UHHS	NNP
Laurelwood	NNP
's	POS
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
offers	VBZ
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
designed	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
specific	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
individuals	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
:	:
Consultation	NNP
Services	NNPS
-	:
for	IN
professionals	NNS
,	,
families	NNS
and	CC
organizations	NNS
Individual	JJ
Therapy	NN
-	:
one-to-one	JJ
counseling	NN
Nutritional	NNP
Counseling	NN
-	:
meeting	NN
with	IN
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietician	NN
Group	NNP
Therapy	NNP
-	:
for	IN
clients	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
Intensive	NNP
Outpatient\/Partial	NNP
Hospitalization	NNP
Program	NNP
\*	SYM
Inpatient	NNP
Treatment	NNP
-	:
coordination	NN
of	IN
inpatient	JJ
careLucene	NNP
Wisniewski	NNP
,	,
Ph.D.	NNP
,	,
FAED	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
the	DT
Director	NNP
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Programs	NNP
for	IN
UHHS	NNP
Laurelwood	NNP
Hospital	NNP
&	CC
Counseling	NN
Centers	NNPS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Wisniewski	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
expert	NN
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
not	RB
only	RB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
adults	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
with	IN
other	JJ
chronic	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
with	IN
children	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
pediatric	JJ
obesity	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
broad	JJ
clinical	JJ
experience	NN
and	CC
knowledge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
latest	JJS
scientific	JJ
evidence	NN
regarding	VBG
effective	JJ
treatment	NN
strategies	NNS
results	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
highly	RB
practical	JJ
and	CC
well-informed	JJ
teaching	NN
style	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
clinical	JJ
,	,
research	NN
and	CC
consulting	NN
work	NN
across	IN
routine	JJ
inpatient	NN
,	,
partial	JJ
hospital	NN
,	,
outpatient	NN
,	,
and	CC
private	JJ
practice	NN
settings	NNS
means	VBZ
she	PRP
knows	VBZ
how	WRB
to	TO
adapt	VB
empirically-based	JJ
therapies	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
practical	JJ
realities	NNS
of	IN
today	NN
's	POS
health	NN
care	NN
environment	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Wisniewski	NNP
's	POS
most	RBS
recent	JJ
publications	NNS
include	VBP
family-based	JJ
interventions	NNS
with	IN
pediatric	JJ
obesity	NN
and	CC
adaptation	NN
of	IN
dialectical	JJ
behavior	NN
therapy	NN
to	TO
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Comprehensive	NNP
Psychological	NNP
Services	NNPS
with	IN
a	DT
Specialty	NNP
in	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
We	PRP
customize	VBP
our	PRP$
treatment	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
each	DT
person	NN
's	POS
particular	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
individual	JJ
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
nutrition	NN
services	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
offer	VBP
psychological	JJ
testing	NN
,	,
psychiatric	JJ
medication	NN
and	CC
consultation	NN
.	.
Therapists	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
seven	CD
days	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
,	,
offering	VBG
both	DT
daytime	JJ
and	CC
evening	NN
appointments	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
groups	NNS
are	VBP
created	VBN
with	IN
specific	JJ
attention	NN
to	TO
the	DT
make-up	NN
and	CC
comfort	NN
level	NN
of	IN
the	DT
participants	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
take	VBP
pride	NN
in	IN
a	DT
willingness	NN
to	TO
match	VB
each	DT
person	NN
not	RB
only	RB
with	IN
an	DT
expertly	RB
trained	JJ
therapist	NN
,	,
but	CC
with	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
with	IN
whom	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
most	RBS
likely	JJ
to	TO
feel	VB
comfortable	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
specialized	VBN
Day	NNP
Treatment	NNP
and	CC
Intensive	NNP
Outpatient	NNP
Programs	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
IOP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
2	CD
locations	NNS
:	:
Hohokus	NNP
and	CC
Englewood	NNP
,	,
NJ	NNP
.	.
Psychotherapy	NN
using	VBG
a	DT
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
model	NN
,	,
nutritional	JJ
counselling	NN
,	,
a	DT
focus	NN
on	IN
stress	NN
management	NN
and	CC
interpersonal	JJ
issues	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
food\/body	JJ
image	NN
\/	NN
weight	NN
preoccupation	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
problem-solving	JJ
and	CC
skill	NN
acquisition	NN
oriented	VBD
.	.
Christian	NNP
based	VBN
spiritual	JJ
counselling	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
available	JJ
upon	IN
request	NN
Offered	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
home-like	JJ
residential	JJ
setting	NN
,	,
with	IN
a	DT
collaborative	JJ
rather	RB
than	IN
compliance	NN
based	VBN
style	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
model	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
day	NN
treatment	NN
program	NN
,	,
but	CC
offers	VBZ
residential	JJ
facility	NN
on	IN
site	NN
.	.
Web	NNP
site	NN
has	VBZ
photos	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
facility	NN
.	.
EDF	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
community	NN
based	VBN
organization	NN
which	WDT
supports	VBZ
,	,
educates	VBZ
and	CC
advocates	VBZ
for	IN
those	DT
affected	VBN
by	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
play	VBP
a	DT
unique	JJ
role	NN
in	IN
understanding	NN
and	CC
responding	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
personal	JJ
and	CC
social	JJ
impact	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
our	PRP$
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
improve	VB
the	DT
mental	JJ
and	CC
physical	JJ
health	NN
of	IN
everyone	NN
affected	VBN
.	.
Registered	NNP
Charity	NNP
Number	NNP
1061652	CD
Colchester	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Support	NN
Centre	NNP
aims	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
an	DT
holistic	JJ
,	,
supportive	JJ
environment	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
their	PRP$
family	NN
and	CC
carers	NNS
,	,
focusing	VBG
on	IN
self	NN
help	NN
and	CC
user	NN
empowerment	NN
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
daily	JJ
program	NN
of	IN
therapies	NNS
,	,
counselling	NN
,	,
groups	NNS
,	,
self	NN
help	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
art	NN
and	CC
craft	NN
,	,
womens	NNS
group	NN
,	,
meditation	NN
and	CC
relaxation	NN
and	CC
we	PRP
produce	VBP
our	PRP$
own	JJ
magazine	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
a	DT
drop-in	JJ
facility	NN
,	,
a	DT
library	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
open	JJ
6	CD
days	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
,	,
9.30	CD
am	VBP
till	IN
6pm	CD
and	CC
on	IN
Wednesdays	NNS
until	IN
9pm	CD
.	.
Our	PRP$
services	NNS
are	VBP
free	JJ
to	TO
sufferers	NNS
and	CC
carers	NNS
.	.
Support	NN
,	,
information	NN
and	CC
hope	NN
for	IN
people	NNS
directly	RB
affected	VBN
by	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
or	CC
for	IN
people	NNS
supporting	VBG
someone	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
experiencing	VBG
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Services	NNP
provided	VBD
are	VBP
helpline	NN
9.30	CD
am	VBP
to	TO
4.30	CD
pm	NN
;	:
regular	JJ
support	NN
groups	NNS
;	:
community	NN
education	NN
;	:
quaterly	RB
newsletter	NN
;	:
health	NN
promotion	NN
for	IN
International	NNP
no	DT
diet	NN
day	NN
and	CC
national	JJ
body	NN
image	NN
week	NN
;	:
referral	NN
dataase	NN
for	IN
therapeutic	JJ
and	CC
treatment	NN
services	NNS
available	JJ
in	IN
South	NNP
Australia	NNP
.	.
Help	VB
and	CC
Information	NNP
line	NN
,	,
support	NN
group	NN
meetings	NNS
for	IN
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
nervosa	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
and	CC
related	VBN
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
body-image	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
give	VBP
information\/awareness	JJ
lectures	VBZ
and	CC
talks	VBZ
to	TO
schools	NNS
,	,
community	NN
groups	NNS
etc.	FW
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
list	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
options	NNS
and	CC
recognized	VBN
qualified	JJ
psychologists	NNS
,	,
therapists	NNS
and	CC
counsellors	NNS
in	IN
Ireland	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
launching	VBG
a	DT
new	JJ
program	NN
of	IN
primary	JJ
and	CC
secondary	JJ
prevention	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Dr.	NNP
William	NNP
Glasser	NNP
's	POS
theories	NNS
of	IN
Choice	NNP
Theory\/Reality	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
aimed	VBN
at	IN
primary	JJ
and	CC
secondary	JJ
school	NN
children	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
are	VBP
also	RB
doing	VBG
research	NN
studies	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
area	NN
od	NN
childhood	NN
and	CC
adolescent	JJ
obesity	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
we	PRP
might	MD
prevent	VB
the	DT
increase	NN
of	IN
this	DT
problem	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
physician	NN
and	CC
psychiatrist	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
board-certified	JJ
in	IN
psychiatry	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
did	VBD
a	DT
medical	JJ
school	NN
elective	JJ
in	IN
endocrinology	NN
and	CC
did	VBD
additional	JJ
residency	NN
training	NN
in	IN
ob-gynecology	JJ
and	CC
so	RB
am	VBP
well-versed	JJ
in	IN
both	DT
the	DT
psychiatric	JJ
issues	NNS
and	CC
medical	JJ
complications	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
start	VBP
with	IN
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
psychiatric	JJ
evaluation	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
a	DT
detailed	JJ
medical	JJ
history	NN
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
state-of-the-art	JJ
medication	NN
management	NN
for	IN
binge	NN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
carefully	RB
evaluate	VB
everyone	NN
for	IN
substance	NN
use	NN
disorders	NNS
that	WDT
often	RB
accompany	VBP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
recommend	VB
treatments	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
non-judgmental	JJ
way	NN
or	CC
refer	VBP
people	NNS
for	IN
additional	JJ
treatment	NN
when	WRB
needed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
familiar	JJ
with	IN
managed	VBN
care	NN
concerns	NNS
about	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
can	MD
negotiate	VB
with	IN
managed	VBN
care	NN
organizations	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
pts	NNS
gain	VB
access	NN
to	TO
higher	JJR
levels	NNS
of	IN
care	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
IOP	NNP
or	CC
IP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
when	WRB
necessary	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
structured	VBN
,	,
cognitive	JJ
techniques	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
pts	NNS
tailor	VB
individual	JJ
approaches	NNS
to	TO
their	PRP$
eating	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
also	RB
an	DT
artist	NN
whose	WP$
work	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
exhibited	VBN
in	IN
several	JJ
museums	NNS
,	,
and	CC
so	RB
I	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
an	DT
art-related	JJ
adjunctive	JJ
course	NN
on	IN
``	``
Image	NN
and	CC
Identity	NN
''	''
to	TO
appropriate	JJ
patients	NNS
.	.
To	TO
ensure	VB
patient	JJ
safety	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
evaluate	VB
all	DT
possible	JJ
medical	JJ
and	CC
dental	JJ
complications	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
coordinate	VBP
care	NN
with	IN
internists	NNS
,	,
endocrinologists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
gynecologists	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
a	DT
physician	NN
for	IN
30	CD
+	CD
years	NNS
,	,
and	CC
served	VBD
as	IN
a	DT
psychiatrist	NN
consultant	NN
to	TO
colleges	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
in	IN
treating	VBG
college-students	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
out-patient	JJ
treatment	NN
at	IN
a	DT
convenient	JJ
location	NN
at	IN
Union	NNP
Square	NNP
in	IN
Manhattan	NNP
and	CC
accept	VB
several	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
insurance	NN
for	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
many	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
services	NNS
offered	VBN
.	.
CUSU	NNP
EDS	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
service	NN
for	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
Cambridge	NNP
University	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
UK	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Support	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
EDS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
a	DT
student-run	JJ
organization	NN
working	VBG
to	TO
provide	VB
help	NN
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
have	VBP
problems	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
,	,
weight	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
and	CC
any	DT
forms	NNS
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
We	PRP
aim	VBP
to	TO
give	VB
support	NN
and	CC
information	NN
to	TO
those	DT
who	WP
have	VBP
current	JJ
or	CC
past	JJ
difficulties	NNS
,	,
or	CC
are	VBP
supporting	VBG
someone	NN
else	RB
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
EDS	NNP
hopes	VBZ
to	TO
raise	VB
general	JJ
awareness	NN
throughout	IN
Cambridge	NNP
University	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
broad	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
group	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
individual	JJ
counseling	NN
for	IN
undergraduate	JJ
and	CC
graduate	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
purpose	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
assist	VB
students	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
personal	JJ
,	,
social	JJ
,	,
and	CC
academic	JJ
development	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
achievement	NN
of	IN
life	NN
goals	NNS
.	.
Services	NNPS
are	VBP
provided	VBN
free	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
interested	JJ
Drew	NNP
students	NNS
.	.
Sometimes	RB
referrals	NNS
are	VBP
made	VBN
to	TO
other	JJ
,	,
more	RBR
appropriate	JJ
,	,
resources	NNS
either	CC
within	IN
the	DT
university	NN
community	NN
,	,
or	CC
outside	IN
the	DT
university	NN
.	.
The	DT
Rutgers	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
Clinic	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
REDC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
serves	VBZ
women	NNS
and	CC
men	NNS
who	WP
experience	VBP
problems	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
food	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
,	,
weight	NN
,	,
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
The	DT
REDC	NNP
is	VBZ
operated	VBN
under	IN
the	DT
auspices	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Graduate	NNP
School	NNP
of	IN
Applied	NNP
and	CC
Professional	NNP
Psychology	NNP
of	IN
Rutgers	NNP
,	,
The	NNP
State	NNP
University	NNP
of	IN
New	NNP
Jersey	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
consultation	NN
,	,
assessment	NN
,	,
and	CC
treatment	NN
services	NNS
to	TO
all	DT
Rutgers	NNP
University	NNP
staff	NN
and	CC
students	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
community	NN
.	.
The	DT
clinic	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
professional	JJ
district	NN
adjacent	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Livingston	NNP
campus	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
mission	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
services	NNS
to	TO
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
community	NN
,	,
train	NN
doctoral	JJ
students	NNS
in	IN
clinical	JJ
psychology	NN
,	,
and	CC
conduct	VB
clinical	JJ
research	NN
to	TO
better	JJR
understand	VB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Counseling	NN
and	CC
Mental	NNP
Health	NNP
Center	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Texas	NNP
at	IN
Austin	NNP
provides	VBZ
initial	JJ
consultation	NN
,	,
assessment	NN
,	,
individual	JJ
,	,
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
and	CC
psychiatric	JJ
interventions	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
with	IN
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
disordered	JJ
eating	VBG
issues	NNS
.	.
Nutritional	NNP
counseling	NN
and	CC
medical	JJ
evaluation	NN
are	VBP
also	RB
available	JJ
through	IN
the	DT
Health	NNP
Center	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
love	VB
to	TO
take	VB
credit	NN
for	IN
my	PRP$
wife	NN
's	POS
recovery	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
credit	NN
hog	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
say	VBP
``	``
it	PRP
's	VBZ
because	IN
she	PRP
met	VBD
me	PRP
that	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
where	WRB
she	PRP
is	VBZ
now	RB
''	''
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
say	VB
that	IN
.	.
Sure	RB
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
there	RB
to	TO
hold	VB
her	PRP$
hand	NN
...	:
sure	RB
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
there	RB
to	TO
listen	VB
when	WRB
all	DT
she	PRP
needed	VBD
was	VBD
an	DT
ear	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
was	VBD
also	RB
there	RB
to	TO
say	VB
the	DT
wrong	JJ
things	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
think	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
just	RB
an	DT
eating	JJ
thing	NN
.	.
So	RB
actually	RB
,	,
now	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
read	VBP
back	RB
what	WP
I	PRP
'm	VBP
writing	VBG
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
more	RBR
amazed	VBN
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
she	PRP
also	RB
found	VBD
the	DT
time	NN
to	TO
teach	VB
me	PRP
about	IN
the	DT
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
tell	VB
you	PRP
the	DT
exact	JJ
time	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
heard	VBD
her	PRP
say	VB
to	TO
me	PRP
``	``
hon	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
''	''
but	CC
I	PRP
can	MD
tell	VB
you	PRP
somewhat	RB
what	WP
I	PRP
felt	VBD
.	.
``	``
An	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
?	.
What	WP
's	VBZ
that	IN
?	.
Does	VBZ
it	PRP
mean	VB
I	PRP
gotta	VBP
give	VB
ya	PRP
a	DT
burger	NN
every	DT
five	CD
minutes	NNS
?	.
Does	VBZ
it	PRP
mean	VB
you	PRP
wanna	VBP
be	VB
thin	JJ
like	IN
the	DT
models	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
magazines	NNS
?	.
Does	VBZ
it	PRP
mean	VB
you	PRP
're	VBP
afraid	JJ
of	IN
being	VBG
fat	JJ
?	.
''	''
Obviously	RB
,	,
I	PRP
was	VBD
confused	VBN
,	,
to	TO
say	VB
the	DT
least	JJS
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
noticing	VBG
boxes	NNS
of	IN
lax	JJ
's	POS
and	CC
diet	NN
pills	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
bathroom	NN
drawers	NNS
and	CC
wondering	VBG
``	``
what	WP
the	DT
hell	NN
is	VBZ
this	DT
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
finding	VBG
the	DT
seven	CD
or	CC
eight	CD
large	JJ
cups	NNS
of	IN
coffee	NN
in	IN
the	DT
garbage	NN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
day	NN
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
the	DT
``	``
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
hungry	JJ
right	RB
now	RB
''	''
...	:
``	``
I	PRP
'm	VBP
too	RB
busy	JJ
to	TO
eat	VB
''	''
...	:
``	``
yeah	JJ
I	PRP
had	VBD
something	NN
before	RB
''	''
...	:
but	CC
at	IN
this	DT
point	NN
I	PRP
never	RB
really	RB
realized	VBN
what	WP
they	PRP
meant	VBD
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
ED	NNP
.	.
At	IN
one	CD
point	NN
I	PRP
looked	VBD
at	IN
her	PRP$
and	CC
yelled	VBD
--	:
no	DT
screamed	VBN
at	IN
her	PRP$
--	:
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
her	PRP$
drinking	NN
anymore	RB
coffee	NN
cause	NN
she	PRP
was	VBD
drinking	VBG
too	RB
much	RB
.	.
I	PRP
now	RB
know	VBP
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
replacement	NN
for	IN
true	JJ
nourishment	NN
but	CC
this	DT
is	VBZ
in	IN
hindsight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
still	RB
remember	VBP
the	DT
cover	NN
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
book	NN
we	PRP
bought	VBD
together	RB
on	IN
EDs	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
reading	VBG
it	PRP
...	:
I	PRP
remember	VBP
still	RB
not	RB
understanding	VBG
it	PRP
.	.
But	CC
one	CD
thing	NN
that	WDT
stuck	VBD
in	IN
my	PRP$
mind	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
written	VBN
over	IN
and	CC
over	IN
again	RB
was	VBD
the	DT
word	NN
death	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
if	IN
there	EX
's	VBZ
anything	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
say	VB
was	VBD
just	RB
as	IN
helpful	JJ
to	TO
Amy	NNP
as	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
to	TO
me	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
communication	NN
that	IN
we	PRP
had	VBD
about	IN
the	DT
ED	NNP
.	.
As	IN
I	PRP
asked	VBD
questions	NNS
and	CC
she	PRP
gave	VBD
me	PRP
answers	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
see	VB
the	DT
ED	NNP
for	IN
what	WP
it	PRP
was	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
wake	VB
up	RP
in	IN
the	DT
middle	NN
of	IN
the	DT
night	NN
and	CC
check	NN
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
she	PRP
was	VBD
still	RB
breathing	NN
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
honestly	RB
say	VB
it	PRP
was	VBD
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
scariest	JJS
things	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
live	VB
with	IN
at	IN
that	DT
time	NN
.	.
The	DT
fear	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
lose	VB
the	DT
person	NN
I	PRP
love	VBP
to	TO
a	DT
disease	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
totally	RB
understand	VB
and	CC
was	VBD
totally	RB
helpless	JJ
over	IN
.	.
What	WP
could	MD
I	PRP
do	VB
?	.
What	WP
magic	NN
pill	NN
could	MD
I	PRP
give	VB
her	PRP
?	.
What	WP
magic	NN
doctor	NN
could	MD
I	PRP
take	VB
her	PRP
to	TO
?	.
What	WP
did	VBD
I	PRP
do	VBP
?	.
I	PRP
must	MD
not	RB
make	VB
her	PRP$
happy	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
a	DT
loser	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
yes	UH
,	,
unfortunately	RB
,	,
I	PRP
tried	VBD
to	TO
slowly	RB
turn	VB
it	PRP
into	IN
a	DT
``	``
me	PRP
''	''
thing	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
``	``
You	PRP
look	VBP
beautiful	JJ
today	NN
''	''
...	:
``	``
I	PRP
love	VBP
your	PRP$
hair	NN
that	DT
way	NN
''	''
...	:
``	``
I	PRP
love	VBP
it	PRP
when	WRB
you	PRP
wear	VBP
that	IN
dress	NN
''	''
...	:
great	JJ
things	NNS
to	TO
say	VB
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
what	WP
the	DT
ED	NNP
hears	VBZ
.	.
She	PRP
heard	VBD
``	``
I	PRP
looked	VBD
sh	JJ
\*	SYM
tty	NN
yesterday	NN
''	''
...	:
``	``
he	PRP
hated	VBD
the	DT
way	NN
I	PRP
had	VBD
my	PRP$
hair	NN
before	IN
''	''
...	:
``	``
he	PRP
hates	VBZ
all	DT
my	PRP$
clothes	NNS
''	''
...	:
I	PRP
think	VBP
at	IN
this	DT
point	NN
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
realize	VB
what	WP
the	DT
ED	NNP
was	VBD
all	DT
about	RB
.	.
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
a	DT
``	``
me	PRP
''	''
thing	NN
or	CC
a	DT
``	``
her	PRP$
''	''
thing	NN
...	:
it	PRP
was	VBD
an	DT
``	``
it	PRP
''	''
thing	NN
.	.
An	DT
ED	JJ
thing	NN
.	.
I	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
there	EX
was	VBD
actually	RB
another	DT
force	NN
to	TO
reckon	VB
with	IN
--	:
the	DT
other	JJ
force	NN
was	VBD
n't	RB
food	NN
...	:
the	DT
other	JJ
force	NN
was	VBD
n't	RB
how	WRB
many	JJ
compliments	NNS
I	PRP
gave	VBD
her	PRP$
...	:
the	DT
other	JJ
force	NN
was	VBD
n't	RB
whether	IN
I	PRP
made	VBD
her	PRP$
feel	NN
safe	JJ
every	DT
second	NN
of	IN
the	DT
day	NN
or	CC
not	RB
.	.
The	DT
``	``
it	PRP
''	''
was	VBD
about	IN
how	WRB
she	PRP
felt	VBD
about	IN
herself	PRP
.	.
With	IN
this	DT
in	IN
mind	NN
,	,
now	RB
looking	VBG
back	RB
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
remember	VB
things	NNS
that	WDT
my	PRP$
wife	NN
would	MD
do	VB
artistically	RB
and	CC
her	PRP$
never	RB
being	VBG
happy	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
relate	VB
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
draw	VB
but	CC
I	PRP
write	VBP
music	NN
...	:
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
say	VB
I	PRP
'm	VBP
always	RB
one-hundred-and-ten	JJ
percent	NN
satisfied	VBN
with	IN
everything	NN
I	PRP
've	VBP
completed	VBN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
always	RB
have	VBP
a	DT
general	JJ
good	JJ
feeling	NN
about	IN
things	NNS
I	PRP
've	VBP
done	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
remember	VB
my	PRP$
wife	NN
doubting	VBG
everything	NN
she	PRP
ever	RB
did	VBD
,	,
ever	RB
thought	VBN
,	,
ever	RB
imagined	VBD
...	:
and	CC
again	RB
I	PRP
could	MD
n't	RB
relate	VB
because	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
stubborn	JJ
,	,
pig-headed	JJ
,	,
confident	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
point	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
a	DT
sickening	JJ
S.O.B.	NN
I	PRP
remember	VBP
her	PRP$
starting	VBG
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
things	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
the	DT
self-help	JJ
books	NNS
...	:
I	PRP
remember	VBP
the	DT
beginnings	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
site	NN
...	:
I	PRP
remember	VBP
the	DT
long	JJ
nights	NNS
of	IN
conversation	NN
of	IN
opening	VBG
up	RP
and	CC
letting	VBG
me	PRP
in	IN
...	:
and	CC
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
healing	NN
process	NN
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
her	PRP$
getting	VBG
her	PRP$
first	JJ
official	JJ
therapist	NN
to	TO
combat	VB
the	DT
ED	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
remember	VBP
her	PRP$
coming	JJ
home	NN
and	CC
doing	VBG
her	PRP$
``	``
ED	JJ
homework	NN
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
must	MD
admit	VB
,	,
during	IN
these	DT
times	NNS
it	PRP
was	VBD
all	DT
her	PRP$
work	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
kind-of	VBP
understood	VBN
...	:
kind-of	NN
tried	VBD
to	TO
give	VB
her	PRP$
the	DT
space	NN
to	TO
do	VB
her	PRP$
work	NN
...	:
kind-of	NN
tried	VBD
to	TO
do	VB
my	PRP$
best	JJS
to	TO
not	RB
be	VB
discouraging	VBG
or	CC
judgemental	JJ
,	,
but	CC
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
I	PRP
still	RB
checked	VBD
her	PRP$
breathing	NN
in	IN
the	DT
middle	NN
of	IN
the	DT
night	NN
.	.
Even	RB
though	IN
at	IN
this	DT
point	NN
I	PRP
somewhat	RB
understood	VBD
the	DT
ED	NNP
and	CC
her	PRP$
struggles	NNS
I	PRP
still	RB
found	VBD
myself	PRP
asking	VBG
,	,
``	``
did	VBD
you	PRP
eat	VBP
today	NN
?	.
''	''
...	:
``	``
what	WP
did	VBD
you	PRP
eat	VBP
today	NN
?	.
''	''
...	:
I	PRP
somewhat	RB
knew	VBD
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
something	NN
I	PRP
should	MD
have	VB
stayed	VBN
away	RB
from	IN
but	CC
to	TO
me	PRP
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
important	JJ
that	IN
regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
struggles	NNS
,	,
and	CC
regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
pain	NN
,	,
and	CC
regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
issues	NNS
,	,
the	DT
important	JJ
thing	NN
was	VBD
that	IN
she	PRP
fueled	VBD
her	PRP$
body	NN
and	CC
mind	NN
.	.
Without	IN
that	DT
fuel	NN
she	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
have	VB
the	DT
strength	NN
to	TO
continue	VB
her	PRP$
battles	NNS
.	.
Do	VBP
I	PRP
regret	VB
bringing	VBG
these	DT
questions	NNS
up	RP
?	.
Do	VBP
I	PRP
regret	VB
maybe	RB
sounding	VBG
like	IN
a	DT
pest	NN
or	CC
a	DT
hound	NN
?	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
say	VB
no.	RB
.	.
I	PRP
needed	VBD
to	TO
know	VB
that	IN
she	PRP
'd	VBD
still	RB
be	VB
around	IN
for	IN
one	CD
more	JJR
day	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	DT
is	VBZ
what	WP
the	DT
fuel	NN
meant	VBD
to	TO
me	PRP
--	:
and	CC
she	PRP
needed	VBD
to	TO
know	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
only	JJ
way	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
let	VB
her	PRP
know	VB
that	IN
I	PRP
cared	VBD
.	.
She	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
have	VB
thought	VBN
that	DT
way	NN
then	RB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
sure	JJ
she	PRP
understands	VBZ
it	PRP
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
still	RB
remember	VB
her	PRP$
calling	VBG
me	PRP
over	IN
to	TO
the	DT
computer	NN
for	IN
the	DT
FIRST	NNP
TIME	NNP
and	CC
saying	VBG
``	``
look	VB
what	WP
I	PRP
've	VBP
done	VBN
''	''
and	CC
saw	VBD
a	DT
smile	NN
of	IN
confidence	NN
,	,
pleasure	NN
,	,
and	CC
pride	NN
.	.
At	IN
that	DT
point	NN
I	PRP
knew	VBD
that	IN
Amy	NNP
was	VBD
moving	VBG
forward	RB
in	IN
her	PRP$
battle	NN
.	.
I	PRP
now	RB
sit	VBP
and	CC
listen	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
stories	NNS
she	PRP
tells	VBZ
me	PRP
and	CC
see	VB
the	DT
glitter	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
eyes	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
always	RB
could	MD
see	VB
shining	VBG
through	IN
,	,
but	CC
never	RB
saw	VBD
her	PRP$
project	NN
.	.
I	PRP
watch	VBP
her	PRP$
interact	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
people	NNS
and	CC
can	MD
sense	VB
the	DT
confidence	NN
that	IN
her	PRP$
words	NNS
convey	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
see	VBP
her	PRP$
fight	NN
every	DT
day	NN
to	TO
leave	VB
the	DT
ED	NNP
further	RBR
and	CC
further	RBR
in	IN
her	PRP$
past	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
therepist	NN
once	RB
said	VBD
,	,
jokingly	RB
,	,
that	IN
I	PRP
majored	VBD
in	IN
``	``
thin	JJ
''	''
in	IN
school	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
so	RB
close	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
truth	NN
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
remember	VB
since	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
about	IN
eight	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
,	,
blowing	VBG
out	RP
my	PRP$
birthday	NN
candles	NNS
every	DT
year	NN
wishing	VBG
I	PRP
were	VBD
smaller	JJR
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
25	CD
now	RB
.	.
I	PRP
spent	VBD
so	RB
many	JJ
days	NNS
,	,
hours	NNS
and	CC
minutes	NNS
thinking	VBG
about	IN
how	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
going	VBG
to	TO
lose	VB
weight	NN
,	,
and	CC
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
idea	NN
that	IN
there	EX
were	VBD
concrete	JJ
reasons	NNS
to	TO
why	WRB
my	PRP$
obsession	NN
was	VBD
so	RB
far	RB
gone	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
took	VBD
me	PRP
until	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
22	CD
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
started	VBD
to	TO
get	VB
really	RB
bad	JJ
anxiety	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
went	VBD
to	TO
see	VB
a	DT
counsoler	NN
and	CC
then	RB
on	IN
to	TO
see	VB
a	DT
psychiatrist	NN
,	,
that	IN
I	PRP
`	``
admitted	VBD
'	''
to	TO
having	VBG
issues	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
At	IN
first	RB
,	,
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
let	VB
go	VB
of	IN
the	DT
ed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
determined	VBN
to	TO
just	RB
``	``
get	VB
over	IN
it	PRP
,	,
''	''
and	CC
find	VB
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
stay	VB
thin	JJ
forever	RB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
now	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
just	RB
`	``
coping	VBG
'	''
with	IN
the	DT
pain	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
feeling	VBG
and	CC
had	VBD
felt	VBN
for	IN
so	RB
long	RB
,	,
ever	RB
since	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
child	NN
.	.
After	IN
many	JJ
sessions	NNS
with	IN
four	CD
different	JJ
therepists	NNS
and	CC
lots	NNS
of	IN
trial	NN
and	CC
error	NN
in	IN
finding	VBG
the	DT
right	JJ
meds	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
found	VBD
a	DT
great	JJ
therepist	NN
and	CC
drs	NNS
,	,
nutritionist	NN
and	CC
the	DT
right	JJ
combination	NN
of	IN
medication	NN
to	TO
fianlly	RB
confront	VB
my	PRP$
demons	NNS
,	,
not	RB
the	DT
food	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
either	RB
.	.
Although	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
still	RB
in	IN
recovery	NN
and	CC
have	VB
had	VBN
slips	VBZ
and	CC
falls	VBZ
along	IN
the	DT
way	NN
,	,
I	PRP
feel	VBP
and	CC
KNOW	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
've	VBP
done	VBN
such	PDT
a	DT
great	JJ
job	NN
at	IN
working	VBG
my	PRP$
best	JJS
to	TO
get	VB
this	DT
ed	VBN
out	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
to	TO
let	VB
myself	PRP
FEEL	VB
again	RB
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
anorexia	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
sort	NN
of	IN
teacher	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
hard	JJ
to	TO
explain	VB
how	WRB
something	NN
very	RB
dangerous	JJ
and	CC
isolating	NN
can	MD
turn	VB
out	RP
to	TO
actually	RB
teach	VB
me	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
me	PRP
when	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
all	DT
said	VBD
and	CC
done	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
more	RBR
open	JJ
with	IN
myself	PRP
and	CC
with	IN
others	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
not	RB
even	RB
close	VB
to	TO
being	VBG
as	IN
shy	JJ
as	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
when	WRB
the	DT
anorexia	NN
had	VBD
its	PRP$
full	JJ
grasp	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
ever	RB
regret	VB
going	VBG
on	IN
that	DT
first	JJ
diet	NN
...	:
I	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
the	DT
wonderful	JJ
person	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
today	NN
without	IN
having	VBG
gone	VBN
through	IN
and	CC
grown	VBN
from	IN
those	DT
experiences	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
psychologist	NN
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
of	IN
California	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
especially	RB
with	IN
college	NN
women	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
therapeutic	JJ
style	NN
utilizes	VBZ
interpersonal	JJ
process	NN
and	CC
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
approaches	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
specialize	VBP
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
people	NNS
of	IN
color	NN
.	.
I	PRP
focus	VBP
on	IN
exploring	VBG
how	WRB
cultural	JJ
,	,
social	JJ
and	CC
environmental	JJ
variables	NNS
contribute	VBP
to	TO
eating	VBG
concerns	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
in	IN
university	NN
counseling	NN
centers	NNS
and	CC
coordinated	VBN
eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
awareness	NN
week	NN
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
sliding	VBG
scale	NN
for	IN
clients	NNS
and	CC
currently	RB
have	VBP
openings	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
private	JJ
practice	NN
offices	NNS
in	IN
San	NNP
Francisco	NNP
and	CC
Berkeley	NNP
,	,
California	NNP
.	.
Provide	VB
individual	JJ
counseling	NN
on	IN
an	DT
out-patient	JJ
basis	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and\/or	CC
eating	VBG
challenges	NNS
.	.
Models	NNS
include	VBP
:	:
Psychodynamic	NNP
,	,
Interpersonal\/Relational	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Intuitive	NNP
Eating	NNP
.	.
Moderate	JJ
fee	NN
-	:
Not	RB
on	IN
any	DT
insurance	NN
panels	NNS
.	.
Fresh	JJ
Hope	NNP
offers	VBZ
individual	JJ
counselling	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
recovery	NN
.	.
Beth	NNP
Murray	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Registered	NNP
Psychologist	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
province	NN
of	IN
Alberta	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
a	DT
specialist	NN
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
proven	JJ
track	NN
record	NN
in	IN
moving	VBG
motivated	JJ
clients	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
place	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
includes	VBZ
a	DT
focus	NN
on	IN
the	DT
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
and	CC
predispositions	NNS
that	WDT
factored	JJ
into	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
Beth	NNP
Murray	NNP
has	VBZ
three	CD
years	NNS
experience	NN
working	VBG
at	IN
a	DT
prominent	JJ
inpatient	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
facility	NN
,	,
and	CC
eight	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
counselling	VBG
experience	NN
altogether	RB
.	.
Specializing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
depression	NN
and	CC
anxiety	NN
.	.
Through	IN
an	DT
empathic	JJ
and	CC
interactive	JJ
approach	NN
,	,
I	PRP
help	VBP
clients	NNS
to	TO
not	RB
only	RB
focus	VB
on	IN
reducing	VBG
symptoms	NNS
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
explore	VB
and	CC
heal	VB
the	DT
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
and	CC
emotional	JJ
origins	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
Renfrew	NNP
Center	NNP
of	IN
New	NNP
York	NNP
,	,
both	DT
as	IN
an	DT
outpatient	NN
therapist	NN
and	CC
as	IN
the	DT
Admissions	NNPS
Coordinator	NNP
,	,
and	CC
can	MD
collaborate	VB
with	IN
and	CC
provide	VB
referrals	NNS
to	TO
psychiatrists	NNS
,	,
nutritionists	NNS
and	CC
physicians	NNS
as	IN
needed	VBN
.	.
Variety	NNP
of	IN
office	NN
hours	NNS
available	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
happy	JJ
to	TO
set	VB
up	RP
a	DT
consultation	NN
with	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
look	VB
forward	RB
to	TO
helping	VBG
you	PRP
create	VBP
meaningful	JJ
and	CC
fulfilling	VBG
life	NN
changes	NNS
.	.
Providing	VBG
Individual	JJ
and	CC
Family	NNP
Therapy	NNP
.	.
Utilizing	VBG
verbal	JJ
and	CC
non-verbal	JJ
therapies	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
clients	NNS
.	.
Registered	NNP
and	CC
Board	NNP
Certified	NNP
Art	NNP
Therapist	NNP
with	IN
experience	NN
with	IN
supporting	VBG
clients	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
Partial	JJ
Hospitalization	NN
setting	NN
,	,
Outpatient	NNP
Mental	NNP
Health	NNP
Clinic	NNP
and	CC
now	RB
in	IN
private	JJ
practive	NN
.	.
Psychologist	NN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Lerner	NNP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
treating	VBG
adolescent	JJ
girls	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
difficulties	NNS
,	,
weight	NN
concerns	NNS
,	,
and	CC
self	NN
esteem	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
works	VBZ
with	IN
mood	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
grief	NN
and	CC
loss	NN
,	,
and	CC
spirituality	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Lerner	NNP
works	VBZ
with	IN
adults	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
couples	NNS
in	IN
San	NNP
Rafael	NNP
and	CC
San	NNP
Francisco	NNP
.	.
Tessa	NNP
Addison	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Licensed	VBN
Clinical	NNP
Social	NNP
Worker	NNP
and	CC
Psychoanalyst	NNP
who	WP
offers	VBZ
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
from	IN
a	DT
psychodynamic	JJ
perspective	NN
designed	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
understand	VB
and	CC
work	VB
through	IN
longstanding	JJ
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
contribute	VB
to	TO
the	DT
difficult	JJ
feelings	NNS
,	,
thoughts	NNS
,	,
and	CC
behaviors	NNS
surrounding	VBG
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Addison	NNP
knows	VBZ
that	IN
to	TO
examine	VB
and	CC
reveal	VB
your	PRP$
inner	JJ
world	NN
,	,
to	TO
trust	VB
another	DT
to	TO
share	VB
in	IN
that	DT
process	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
inherently	RB
difficult	JJ
effort	NN
to	TO
change	VB
all	DT
require	VBP
considerable	JJ
courage	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
possible	JJ
only	RB
in	IN
an	DT
environment	NN
of	IN
empathy	NN
,	,
respect	NN
,	,
and	CC
confidentiality	NN
where	WRB
the	DT
delicate	JJ
balance	NN
between	IN
encouraging	JJ
growth	NN
and	CC
respecting	VBG
limits	NNS
is	VBZ
thoughtfully	RB
attended	VBN
to	TO
.	.
Are	VBP
you	PRP
plagued	VBN
by	IN
obsessions	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
,	,
weight	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
restricting	VBG
and	CC
binging\/purging	VBG
?	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
over	IN
thirteen	CD
years	NNS
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
many	JJ
of	IN
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
have	VBP
told	VBN
me	PRP
that	IN
they	PRP
feel	VBP
very	RB
comfortable	JJ
confiding	VBG
in	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
a	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
therapy	NN
approaches	NNS
,	,
each	DT
tailored	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
specific	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
individual	JJ
client	NN
.	.
These	DT
include	VBP
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
techniques	NNS
,	,
psychodnamic	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
relational	JJ
approaches	NNS
,	,
psychoeducational	JJ
methods	NNS
and	CC
addiction	NN
models	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
stop	VB
the	DT
cycle	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
formally	RB
trained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
created	VBD
and	CC
ran	VBD
the	DT
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
program	NN
at	IN
a	DT
major	JJ
metropolitan	JJ
hospital	NN
,	,
and	CC
currently	RB
work	VBP
with	IN
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
family	NN
members	NNS
and	CC
groups	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
run	VBP
a	DT
free	JJ
Saturday	NNP
support	NN
group	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
bulimia	NN
,	,
anorexia	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
and	CC
food	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
other	JJ
problems	NNS
that	WDT
often	RB
exist	VBP
along	IN
side	NN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
drug	NN
and	CC
alcohol	NN
addictions	NNS
,	,
low	JJ
self	NN
esteem	NN
,	,
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
childhood	NN
trauma	NN
and	CC
abuse	NN
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
My	PRP$
office	NN
is	VBZ
two	CD
blocks	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
bart	NN
station	NN
,	,
and	CC
my	PRP$
initial	JJ
screening	NN
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
always	RB
FREE	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
have	VBP
a	DT
sliding	VBG
scale	NN
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
,	,
email	VB
me	PRP
,	,
or	CC
check	VB
out	RP
my	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
to	TO
schedule	VB
your	PRP$
free	JJ
appointment	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
to	TO
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
meet	VB
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
``	``
where	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
''	''
and	CC
help	VB
them	PRP
learn	VB
what	WP
they	PRP
can	MD
control	VB
vs.	FW
what	WP
they	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
control	VB
.	.
I	PRP
teach	VBP
clients	NNS
how	WRB
to	TO
develop	VB
coping	VBG
strategies	NNS
to	TO
gain	VB
control	NN
over	IN
their	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
behaviors	NNS
while	IN
learning	VBG
how	WRB
to	TO
let	VB
go	VB
of	IN
what	WP
they	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
control	VB
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
a	DT
Cognitive	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
approach	NN
to	TO
help	VB
clients	NNS
manage	VB
stress	NN
,	,
adapt	VB
to	TO
life	NN
transitions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
understand	VB
the	DT
underlying	VBG
causes	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
problems	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
goal	NN
oriented	VBN
and	CC
want	VB
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
to	TO
walk	VB
away	RB
from	IN
their	PRP$
sessions	NNS
learning	VBG
new	JJ
tools	NNS
they	PRP
can	MD
apply	VB
towards	IN
any	DT
problem	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
much	JJ
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
's	POS
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
value	VBP
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
resources	NNS
to	TO
give	VB
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
support	NN
and	CC
guidance	NN
as	IN
they	PRP
work	VBP
through	IN
various	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
combination	NN
of	IN
support	NN
vs.	IN
challenge	NN
allows	VBZ
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
strategies	NNS
to	TO
solve	VB
future	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
marriage	NN
and	CC
family	NN
therapist	NN
focusing	VBG
on	IN
adolescent	JJ
,	,
individual	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
focus	VBP
on	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
different	JJ
influences	NNS
in	IN
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
contributing	VBG
to	TO
emotional	JJ
distress	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
,	,
specializing	VBG
in	IN
eating\/body	JJ
image	NN
concerns	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
especially	RB
interested	JJ
in	IN
compulsive\/emotional	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
exercise	NN
,	,
and	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
and	CC
also	RB
do	VBP
quite	RB
a	DT
bit	NN
of	IN
work	NN
with	IN
anxiety	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
and	CC
relationship	NN
concerns	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
treatment	NN
approach	NN
blends	VBZ
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
,	,
psychodynamic	JJ
,	,
and	CC
interpersonal	JJ
therapies	NNS
,	,
with	IN
intuitive	JJ
eating	NN
techniques	NNS
.	.
Individual	NNP
and	CC
group	NN
treatment	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
struggling	VBG
with	IN
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
addiction	NN
,	,
grief	NN
,	,
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
life	NN
transition	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
mission	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
relief	NN
and	CC
restore	VB
hope	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
integrates	VBZ
the	DT
most	RBS
current	JJ
and	CC
successful	JJ
findings	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
fields	NNS
of	IN
psychology	NN
and	CC
neuroscience	NN
.	.
If	IN
required	VBN
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
coordinate	VB
your	PRP$
treatment	NN
with	IN
a	DT
qualified	VBN
psychopharmacologist	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
office	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
setting	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
Metro	NNP
accessible	JJ
:	:
Dupont	NNP
Circle	NNP
-	:
Washington	NNP
,	,
DC	NNP
''	''
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
individuals	NNS
,	,
families	NNS
,	,
and	CC
couples	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
suffering	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
role	NN
as	IN
the	DT
therapist	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
empower	VB
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
and	CC
help	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
better	JJR
understand	VB
what	WP
role	NN
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
playing	VBG
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
best	RB
regain	VB
control	NN
over	IN
the	DT
disease	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
not	RB
only	RB
affect	VB
the	DT
individual	NN
with	IN
the	DT
active	JJ
symptoms	NNS
but	CC
affect	VB
all	DT
who	WP
love	VBP
and	CC
care	VBP
for	IN
her\/him	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
individuals	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
and	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder\/compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
and	CC
couples	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
issues	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
stressors	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
doctoral-level	NN
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
who	WP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
outpatient	NN
individual	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
running	VBG
group	NN
therapy	NN
one	CD
to	TO
two	CD
times	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
in	IN
the	DT
evenings	NNS
for	IN
adult	NN
women	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
In	IN
her	PRP$
private	JJ
practice	NN
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Chambliss	NNP
utilizes	VBZ
various	JJ
treatment	NN
techniques	NNS
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
treat	VB
underlying	VBG
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
While	IN
examining	VBG
past	JJ
and	CC
present	JJ
experiences	NNS
,	,
she	PRP
works	VBZ
with	IN
her	PRP$
clients	NNS
to	TO
understand	VB
how	WRB
these	DT
experiences	NNS
shape	NN
and	CC
influence	NN
destructive	JJ
behavior	NN
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
changing	VBG
her	PRP$
clients	NNS
negative	JJ
thought	NN
process	NN
so	IN
that	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
gain	VB
control	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
in	IN
healthy	JJ
,	,
productive	JJ
ways	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Chambliss	NNP
?	.
strong	JJ
academic	JJ
background	NN
,	,
extensive	JJ
clinical	JJ
training	NN
,	,
research	NN
,	,
and	CC
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
have	VBP
enabled	VBN
her	PRP$
to	TO
give	VB
individuals	NNS
the	DT
quality	NN
help	NN
they	PRP
need	VBP
and	CC
deserve	VBP
.	.
She	PRP
provides	VBZ
a	DT
comfortable	JJ
and	CC
supportive	JJ
therapeutic	JJ
environment	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
her	PRP$
clients	NNS
work	VBP
towards	IN
gaining	VBG
a	DT
clear	JJ
understanding	NN
of	IN
themselves	PRP
and	CC
their	PRP$
relationships	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Chambliss	NNP
has	VBZ
written	VBN
many	JJ
papers	NNS
on	IN
eating	NN
and	CC
self-esteem	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
provides	VBZ
psychotherapy	NN
to	TO
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
.	.
Adult	NN
and	CC
Adolescent	NNP
Therapy	NNP
and	CC
Couples\/Family	NNP
Counseling	NN
.	.
DBT	NNP
Therapy	NNP
and	CC
Classes	NNS
available	JJ
.	.
Counseling	NN
to	TO
address	VB
issues	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
binge	NN
eating	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
addiction	NN
and	CC
relationship	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
Therapist	NNP
in	IN
practice	NN
for	IN
12	CD
+	CD
years	NNS
,	,
with	IN
experience	NN
in	IN
compulsive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
,	,
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
marriage	NN
counseling	NN
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
mood	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
Combining	VBG
the	DT
techniques	NNS
of	IN
Solution-Focused	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
Dialectical	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Psychodynamic	NNP
Therapy	NNP
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
achieve	VB
your	PRP$
personal	JJ
goals	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
primary	JJ
goal	NN
for	IN
you	PRP
in	IN
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
safe	JJ
,	,
therapeutic	JJ
environment	NN
for	IN
growth	NN
.	.
The	DT
belief	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
therapist	NN
and	CC
client	NN
will	MD
take	VB
a	DT
journey	NN
together	RB
towards	IN
healing	NN
and	CC
self-discovery	NN
.	.
The	DT
goal	NN
in	IN
counseling	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
discover	VB
your	PRP$
own	JJ
voice	NN
,	,
hopes	VBZ
,	,
dreams	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
evoke	VB
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
purpose	NN
and	CC
direction	NN
in	IN
life	NN
.	.
Every	DT
person	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
capability	NN
to	TO
change	VB
unhealthy	JJ
lifestyle	NN
patterns	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
develop	VB
courage	NN
to	TO
follow	VB
through	IN
with	IN
new	JJ
choices	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
private	JJ
group	NN
practice	NN
of	IN
internationally	RB
recognized	VBN
mental	JJ
health	NN
professionals	NNS
who	WP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
Cognitive	NNP
Behavior	NNP
Therapy	NNP
and	CC
Dialectical	NNP
Behavior	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
and	CC
provide	VB
clinical	JJ
,	,
consultation	NN
,	,
and	CC
coaching	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
dedicated	JJ
clinicians	NNS
and	CC
researchers	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
are	VBP
committed	VBN
to	TO
helping	VBG
clients	NNS
identify	VB
goals	NNS
,	,
overcome	VBN
obstacles	NNS
,	,
and	CC
resolve	VB
problems	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
impeding	VBG
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
Through	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
evidence-based	JJ
approaches	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
provide	VBP
the	DT
necessary	JJ
structure	NN
and	CC
tools	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
individuals	NNS
with	IN
issues	NNS
ranging	VBG
from	IN
life	NN
stresses	VBZ
and	CC
problems	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
mild	JJ
to	TO
severe	JJ
psychological	JJ
disorders	NNS
including	VBG
eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
self-injurious	JJ
behaviors	NNS
,	,
mood	NN
regulation	NN
difficulties	NNS
,	,
insomnia	NN
and	CC
habit	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
individually	RB
and	CC
in	IN
groups	NNS
with	IN
women	NNS
who	WP
struggle	VBP
with	IN
issues	NNS
around	IN
eating	VBG
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
Obsession	NN
with	IN
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
over	IN
exercising	VBG
,	,
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
.	.
Feelings	NNS
of	IN
shame	NN
and	CC
embarrassment	NN
are	VBP
often	RB
associated	VBN
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
safe	JJ
and	CC
confidential	JJ
environment	NN
where	WRB
you	PRP
can	MD
explore	VB
,	,
learn	VB
tools	NNS
,	,
and	CC
discuss	VB
issues	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
your	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
Allow	VB
yourself	PRP
to	TO
``	``
BE	VB
''	''
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
what	WP
I	PRP
help	VBP
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
do	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
Licensed	VBN
Professional	NNP
Counselor	NNP
in	IN
Colorado	NNP
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
a	DT
National	NNP
Certified	NNP
Counselor	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
realistic	JJ
,	,
humanistic	JJ
counseling	NN
philosophy	NN
,	,
with	IN
a	DT
desire	NN
to	TO
help	VB
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
explore	VB
and	CC
begin	VB
to	TO
love	VB
the	DT
person	NN
they	PRP
truly	RB
are	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
start	VBP
with	IN
an	DT
assessment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
,	,
family	NN
or	CC
couple	NN
,	,
then	RB
formulate	VBP
a	DT
plan	NN
for	IN
treatment	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
unique	JJ
to	TO
each	DT
client	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
counseling	NN
field	NN
since	IN
1990	CD
and	CC
have	VBP
been	VBN
exposed	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
wide	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
settings	NNS
and	CC
clients	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
I	PRP
believe	VBP
my	PRP$
calling	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
dedicate	VB
my	PRP$
life	NN
's	POS
work	NN
to	TO
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Providing	VBG
psychotherapy	NN
to	TO
adults	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
:	:
food	NN
restriction	NN
,	,
binging	NN
,	,
purging	VBG
,	,
emotional	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
chronic	JJ
dieting	NN
and	CC
body	NN
dissatisfaction	NN
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
an	DT
eclectic	JJ
approach	NN
in	IN
a	DT
warm	JJ
and	CC
supportive	JJ
setting	NN
,	,
specializing	VBG
in	IN
working	VBG
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
individual	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
person	NN
.	.
Referrals	NNS
to	TO
and	CC
collaborations	NNS
with	IN
nutritionists	NNS
,	,
psychiatrists	NNS
and	CC
medical	JJ
doctors	NNS
as	IN
needed	VBN
.	.
Insurance	NNP
reimbursable	JJ
.	.
Anne	NNP
Chester	NNP
,	,
LCSW	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
experienced	JJ
counselor	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
child	NN
and	CC
adolescent	JJ
population	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
worked	VBN
with	IN
at	IN
risk	NN
children	NNS
for	IN
over	IN
15	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
professional	JJ
counselor	NN
for	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
7	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Practice	NN
specialties	NNS
include	VBP
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
trauma	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
bipolar	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
divorce	NN
reaction	NN
,	,
self	NN
harm	NN
behaviors	NNS
,	,
communication	NN
skills	NNS
,	,
self	NN
esteem	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
parent	NN
child	NN
discord	NN
,	,
anger	NN
managment	NN
,	,
and	CC
oppositional	JJ
defiant	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Anne	NNP
Chester	NNP
,	,
LCSW	NNP
works	VBZ
with	IN
many	JJ
local	JJ
psychiatrists	NNS
and	CC
dietitians	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Carr	NNP
treats	VBZ
teenagers	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
disturbance	NN
using	VBG
an	DT
integrative	JJ
,	,
client-centered	JJ
and	CC
collaborative	JJ
approach	NN
,	,
employing	VBG
empirically-based	JJ
interventions	NNS
that	WDT
address	VBP
clients	NNS
'	POS
difficulties	NNS
while	IN
building	VBG
on	IN
their	PRP$
strengths	NNS
and	CC
empowering	VBG
them	PRP
to	TO
create	VB
positive	JJ
change	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Carr	NNP
accepts	VBZ
Blue	NNP
Cross	NNP
\/	NNP
Blue	NNP
Shield	NNP
PPO	NNP
health	NN
insurance	NN
and	CC
offers	VBZ
a	DT
sliding	VBG
scale	NN
to	TO
clients	NNS
with	IN
financial	JJ
need	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
,	,
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
who	WP
treats	VBZ
individuals	NNS
with	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
,	,
and	CC
obesity	NN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
bariatric	JJ
assessments	NNS
and	CC
some	DT
psychological	JJ
testing	NN
.	.
I	PRP
enjoy	VBP
working	VBG
with	IN
women	NNS
and	CC
teenage	JJ
girls	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
treatment	NN
is	VBZ
tailored	VBN
to	TO
individuals	NNS
'	POS
needs	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
bill	VB
most	RBS
insurance	NN
plans	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
counseling	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
all	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Family	NNP
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
available	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
combine	VB
my	PRP$
education	NN
and	CC
experience	NN
in	IN
counseling	NN
psychology	NN
and	CC
health	NN
and	CC
fitness	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
multi-disciplinary	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Smith	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
licensed	JJ
psychologist	NN
with	IN
a	DT
practice	NN
in	IN
Santa	NNP
Barbara	NNP
,	,
CA	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
specialized	VBN
in	IN
treating	VBG
people	NNS
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
since	IN
1998	CD
.	.
Her	PRP$
approach	NN
is	VBZ
grounded	VBN
in	IN
her	PRP$
respect	NN
for	IN
and	CC
support	NN
of	IN
the	DT
patient	NN
.	.
She	PRP
works	VBZ
collaboratively	RB
to	TO
help	VB
the	DT
patient	JJ
understand	VBP
what	WP
purpose	NN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
is	VBZ
serving	VBG
in	IN
his\/her	JJ
life	NN
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
helps	VBZ
the	DT
patient	NN
to	TO
decrease	VB
unhealthy	JJ
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
increase	VB
healthy	JJ
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
self	NN
acceptance	NN
.	.
I	PRP
utilize	VBP
a	DT
behavioral	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
behavior	NN
which	WDT
allows	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
underlying	VBG
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
to	TO
surface	VB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
on	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
recovery	NN
and	CC
am	VBP
honored	VBN
to	TO
support	VB
others	NNS
with	IN
their	PRP$
recovery	NN
.	.
Jennifer	NNP
has	VBZ
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and	CC
has	VBZ
treated	VBN
clients	NNS
on	IN
inpatient	NN
,	,
partial	JJ
hospital	NN
and	CC
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
levels	NNS
.	.
Having	VBG
recovered	VBN
from	IN
Anorexia	NNP
for	IN
over	RB
16	CD
years	NNS
,	,
Jennifer	NNP
has	VBZ
a	DT
special	JJ
empathy	NN
for	IN
those	DT
suffering	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
devastating	JJ
effects	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Her	PRP$
approach	NN
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
compassion	NN
and	CC
understanding	NN
,	,
and	CC
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
directive	NN
and	CC
goal-oriented	JJ
.	.
Jennifer	NNP
believes	VBZ
that	IN
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
for	IN
every	DT
person	NN
and	CC
she	PRP
works	VBZ
to	TO
collaborate	VB
with	IN
clients	NNS
in	IN
finding	VBG
their	PRP$
own	JJ
paths	NNS
towards	IN
health	NN
and	CC
wholeness	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
with	IN
experience	NN
treating	VBG
eating	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
completed	VBD
training	NN
at	IN
university	NN
counseling	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
providing	VBG
group	NN
,	,
family	NN
,	,
couple	NN
's	POS
and	CC
individual	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
practice	NN
setting	VBG
for	IN
5	CD
years	NNS
.	.
In	IN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
think	VBP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
look	VB
at	IN
the	DT
role	NN
food	NN
is	VBZ
playing	VBG
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Often	RB
,	,
people	NNS
are	VBP
using	VBG
food	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
and\/or	CC
not	RB
feel	VB
painful	JJ
emotions	NNS
and	CC
,	,
sometimes	RB
,	,
to	TO
punish	VB
themselves	PRP
.	.
Treatment	NNP
is	VBZ
focused	VBN
on	IN
finding	VBG
other	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
painful	JJ
emotions	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
get	VB
your	PRP$
needs	NNS
met	VBD
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
also	RB
look	VB
at	IN
how	WRB
societal	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
factors	NNS
have	VBP
influenced	VBN
the	DT
problem	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
common	JJ
for	IN
other	JJ
issues	NNS
to	TO
arise	VB
,	,
like	IN
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
past	JJ
trauma	NN
,	,
and	CC
self-esteem	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
treatment	NN
works	NNS
best	RBS
when	WRB
it	PRP
involves	VBZ
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
would	MD
decide	VB
together	RB
what	WP
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
,	,
medication	NN
,	,
group	NN
theray	NN
,	,
etc	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Looking	VBG
for	IN
help	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
huge	JJ
step	NN
on	IN
the	DT
road	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
on	IN
your	PRP$
way	NN
by	IN
looking	VBG
at	IN
this	DT
website	NN
.	.
Please	VB
feel	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
contact	VB
me	PRP
if	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
further	JJ
questions	NNS
.	.
Phone	NN
contact	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
best	JJS
way	NN
to	TO
reach	VB
me	PRP
or	CC
get	VB
a	DT
message	NN
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
an	DT
experienced	JJ
psychotherapist	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
worked	VBN
extensively	RB
treating	VBG
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
\/	NN
binge-eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
troubles	NNS
with	IN
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
food	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
view	VBP
therapy	NN
as	IN
a	DT
collaborative	JJ
process	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
we	PRP
we	PRP
work	VBP
on	IN
understanding	VBG
what	WP
causes	VBZ
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
and	CC
make	VB
concerns	NNS
about	IN
food	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
less	RBR
powerful	JJ
so	IN
that	IN
satisfaction	NN
can	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
in	IN
life	NN
and	CC
relationships	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
well-versed	JJ
in	IN
addressing	VBG
anxiety	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
and	CC
trauma	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
drug	NN
and	CC
alcohol	NN
addiction	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
both	DT
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
with	IN
many	JJ
young	JJ
adults	NNS
trying	VBG
to	TO
find	VB
satisfying	JJ
relationships	NNS
and	CC
career	NN
paths	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
are	VBP
artists	NNS
,	,
actors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
dancers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
understand	VBP
the	DT
joys	NNS
and	CC
pitfalls	NNS
of	IN
realizing	VBG
a	DT
career	NN
in	IN
the	DT
arts	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
offer	VB
short	JJ
-	:
and	CC
long-term	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
When	WRB
there	EX
are	VBP
limited	JJ
finances	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
offer	VB
a	DT
reduced	JJ
rate	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
therapist	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
specialized	VBN
in	IN
treating	VBG
children	NNS
and	CC
young	JJ
adults	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
plus	CC
-RRB-	-RRB-
years	NNS
.	.
At	IN
The	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
Counseling	NN
and	CC
Psychotherapy	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
hope	VBP
to	TO
continue	VB
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
struggle	VBP
with	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
in	IN
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
or	CC
couple	NN
's	POS
therapy	NN
.	.
Dana	NNP
Shafir	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Licensed	VBN
Professional	NNP
Counselor	NNP
who	WP
works	VBZ
with	IN
adolescents	NNS
,	,
adults	NNS
,	,
and	CC
families	NNS
.	.
Her	PRP$
person-centered	JJ
approach	NN
cultivates	VBZ
an	DT
empowering	VBG
and	CC
egalitarian	JJ
environment	NN
that	WDT
encourages	VBZ
clients	NNS
to	TO
explore	VB
and	CC
discover	VB
their	PRP$
inner	JJ
strengths	NNS
and	CC
competencies	NNS
.	.
Solution-focused	JJ
and	CC
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
techniques	NNS
are	VBP
often	RB
utilized	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
clients	NNS
make	VB
goal-oriented	JJ
steps	NNS
toward	IN
positive	JJ
,	,
realistic	JJ
,	,
and	CC
lasting	JJ
changes	NNS
.	.
Dana	NNP
's	POS
clinical	JJ
interests	NNS
include	VBP
issues	NNS
surrounding	VBG
body	NN
image	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
matters	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
mental	JJ
health	NN
of	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
47	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
and	CC
have	VBP
been	VBN
working	VBG
on	IN
myself	PRP
for	IN
over	IN
half	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
passion	NN
is	VBZ
helping	VBG
individuals	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
because	IN
I	PRP
personally	RB
recovered	VBD
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
about	IN
15	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
.	.
I	PRP
love	VBP
watching	VBG
people	NNS
grow	VB
and	CC
being	VBG
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
process	NN
.	.
Sessions	NNP
are	VBP
geared	VBN
toward	IN
the	DT
personal	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
client	NN
.	.
I	PRP
view	VBP
the	DT
individual	NN
as	IN
coping	VBG
with	IN
life	NN
in	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
way	NN
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
knows	VBZ
how	WRB
,	,
and	CC
view	VB
the	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
difficulties	NNS
as	IN
understandable	JJ
responses	NNS
to	TO
life	NN
situations	NNS
.	.
Together	RB
,	,
we	PRP
begin	VBP
to	TO
understand	VB
the	DT
difficulties	NNS
,	,
where	WRB
they	PRP
come	VBP
from	IN
,	,
and	CC
them	PRP
move	VBP
through	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
a	DT
happier	JJR
,	,
healthier	RBR
place	NN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
group	NN
and	CC
individual	JJ
treatment	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
Dialectical	NNP
Behavior	NNP
Therapy	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
DBT	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
with	IN
a	DT
focus	NN
on	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
DBT	NNP
provides	VBZ
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
gain	VB
the	DT
skills	NNS
necessary	JJ
for	IN
identifying	VBG
,	,
experiencing	VBG
and	CC
regulating	VBG
emotions	NNS
,	,
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
interact	VB
more	RBR
effectively	RB
with	IN
ourselves	PRP
and	CC
others	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
two	CD
components	NNS
to	TO
DBT	NNP
:	:
skills	NNS
training	NN
group	NN
and	CC
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
In	IN
skills	NNS
training	VBG
group	NN
,	,
lectures	VBZ
and	CC
discussions	NNS
focus	NN
on	IN
managing	VBG
emotions	NNS
,	,
learning	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
more	RBR
effective	JJ
in	IN
relationships	NNS
,	,
and	CC
learning	VBG
techniques	NNS
for	IN
tolerating	VBG
distress	NN
.	.
Individual	JJ
therapy	NN
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
staying	VBG
motivated	JJ
,	,
understanding	VBG
how	WRB
and	CC
why	WRB
problem	NN
behaviors	NNS
occur	VBP
and	CC
identifying	VBG
alternative	NN
,	,
more	JJR
skillful	JJ
ways	NNS
of	IN
coping	VBG
.	.
The	DT
overall	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
called	VBN
``	``
dialectical	JJ
''	''
because	IN
it	PRP
seeks	VBZ
balance	NN
between	IN
opposites	NNS
--	:
such	JJ
as	IN
acceptance	NN
and	CC
change	NN
,	,
validation	NN
and	CC
challenge	NN
,	,
rigidity	NN
and	CC
flexibility	NN
.	.
Underlying	JJ
DBT	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
practice	NN
of	IN
``	``
mindfulness	NN
.	.
''	''
Drawn	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
Zen	NNP
tradition	NN
of	IN
meditation	NN
,	,
mindfulness	NN
is	VBZ
about	IN
attending	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
moment	NN
,	,
without	IN
judgment	NN
or	CC
impulsivity	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Tanowitz	NNP
integrates	VBZ
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
therapeutic	JJ
approaches	NNS
and	CC
emphasizes	VBZ
the	DT
mind-body	JJ
relationship	NN
.	.
She	PRP
assists	VBZ
clients	NNS
in	IN
developing	VBG
new	JJ
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
and	CC
making	VBG
lifestyle	NN
changes	NNS
to	TO
improve	VB
overall	JJ
well-being	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Tanowitz	NNP
works	VBZ
with	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
depression	NN
.	.
She	PRP
aims	VBZ
to	TO
optimize	VB
the	DT
psychological	JJ
and	CC
physical	JJ
health	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
clients	NNS
.	.
Individual	JJ
therapy	NN
and	CC
a	DT
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
group	NN
are	VBP
offered	VBN
at	IN
her	PRP$
practice	NN
in	IN
Sleepy	NNP
Hollow	NNP
,	,
N.Y.	NNP
Cognitive-Behavior	NNP
Therapy	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CBT	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
an	DT
extensively	RB
researched	VBN
treatment	NN
of	IN
choice	NN
for	IN
Bulimia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
and	CC
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
Certified	NNP
Cognitive	NNP
Therapist	NNP
with	IN
expertise	NN
in	IN
Dialectical	NNP
Behavior	NNP
Therapy	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
DBT	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
emotion	NN
dysregulation	NN
and	CC
trauma	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
for	IN
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
will	MD
follow	VB
the	DT
researched	VBN
,	,
4-Stage	JJ
CBT	NNP
enhanced	JJ
protocol	NN
.	.
I	PRP
draw	VBP
from	IN
acceptance	NN
,	,
strength-based	JJ
,	,
and	CC
positive	JJ
psychological	JJ
principles	NNS
to	TO
balance	VB
the	DT
change	NN
process	NN
.	.
Please	VB
go	VB
to	TO
my	PRP$
website	NN
and\/or	CC
call\/e-mail	NN
me	PRP
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
or	CC
a	DT
free	JJ
consultation	NN
.	.
Nina	NNP
Savelle-Rocklin	NNP
,	,
M.A.	NNP
,	,
MFT	NNP
has	VBZ
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
her	PRP$
private	JJ
practice	NN
located	VBN
in	IN
Sherman	NNP
Oaks	NNPS
,	,
she	PRP
holds	VBZ
a	DT
position	NN
as	IN
staff	NN
therapist	NN
at	IN
The	DT
Manick	NNP
Program	NNP
,	,
an	DT
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
program	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
recently	RB
completed	VBD
a	DT
three-year	JJ
internship	NN
in	IN
the	DT
psychoanalytic	JJ
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
under	IN
the	DT
tutelage	NN
of	IN
Susan	NNP
Cofsky	NNP
,	,
Psy	NNP
.	.
D.	NNP
Previously	RB
,	,
Nina	NNP
was	VBD
affiliated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
Individual	NNP
&	CC
Family	NNP
Therapy	NNP
where	WRB
she	PRP
created	VBD
and	CC
facilitated	VBD
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
group	NN
for	IN
bulimic	JJ
women	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
LATFED	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
Task	NNP
Force	NNP
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
ANAD	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
and	CC
Associated	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Nina	NNP
strives	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
compassion	NN
and	CC
support	NN
in	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
environment	NN
as	IN
she	PRP
works	VBZ
with	IN
clients	NNS
toward	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
private	JJ
practice	NN
setting	NN
,	,
a	DT
treatment	NN
team	NN
approach	NN
is	VBZ
supported	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
recovery	NN
process	NN
.	.
Referrals	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
medication	NN
evaluation	NN
,	,
a	DT
nutrition	NN
consult	VB
with	IN
a	DT
registered	VBN
and	CC
licensed	VBN
dietician	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
support	NN
group	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
.	.
The	DT
focus	NN
of	IN
this	DT
therapist	NN
is	VBZ
on	IN
individual	JJ
counseling	NN
on	IN
an	DT
outpatient	NN
basis	NN
with	IN
family	NN
counseling	NN
when	WRB
needed	VBN
and\/or	CC
recommended	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
one	CD
of	IN
my	PRP$
primary	JJ
interests	NNS
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
women	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
concerns	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
I	PRP
held	VBD
a	DT
staff	NN
psychologist	NN
position	NN
at	IN
a	DT
state	NN
University	NNP
for	IN
12	CD
years	NNS
,	,
i	FW
was	VBD
the	DT
appointed	VBN
person	NN
for	IN
treatment	NN
,	,
consultation	NN
training	NN
,	,
and	CC
outreach	NN
work	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
served	VBD
as	IN
the	DT
co-coordinator	NN
to	TO
a	DT
university-wide	JJ
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and	CC
Body	NNP
Image	NN
Concerns	NNS
Task	NNP
Force	NNP
for	IN
about	IN
7	CD
years	NNS
at	IN
this	DT
University	NNP
.	.
My	PRP$
approaches	NNS
were	VBD
eclectic	JJ
,	,
primarily	RB
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
but	CC
often	RB
with	IN
creative	JJ
and	CC
multi-cultural	JJ
perspectives	NNS
given	VBN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
ethnically	RB
Chinese	JJ
background	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
collaboratively	RB
with	IN
other	JJ
mental\/health	NN
providers	NNS
for	IN
comprehesive	JJ
care	NN
of	IN
the	DT
clients	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
licensed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
psychologist	NN
since	IN
1994	CD
in	IN
Virginia	NNP
and	CC
have	VBP
worked	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
very	RB
diverse	JJ
clientele	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
also	RB
a	DT
registrant	NN
with	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Register	NNP
in	IN
Psychology	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
participate	VBP
in	IN
several	JJ
managed	VBN
care	NN
panels	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
Medicare	NNP
,	,
Kaiser	NNP
Permanente	NNP
,	,
BCBS	NNP
PPO	NNP
,	,
Tricare	NNP
,	,
PHCS	NNP
and	CC
NCPPO	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
for	IN
many	JJ
years	NNS
with	IN
individuals	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
encompassing	VBG
a	DT
vast	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
cultural	JJ
and	CC
social	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
Also	RB
I	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBN
experience	NN
with	IN
addiction	NN
and	CC
substance	NN
use	NN
.	.
As	RB
well	RB
as	IN
currently	RB
specializing	VBG
in	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Treatment	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
currently	RB
co-facilitate	VBP
a	DT
free	JJ
support	NN
group	NN
that	WDT
meets	VBZ
twice	RB
a	DT
month	NN
that	WDT
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disoders	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
a	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
therapy	NN
approaches	NNS
when	WRB
needed	VBN
.	.
They	PRP
include	VBP
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
techniques	NNS
,	,
psychodnamic	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
relational	JJ
approaches	NNS
,	,
psychoeducational	JJ
methods	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
speak	VBP
Spanish	JJ
and	CC
offer	NN
therapy	NN
in	IN
Spanish	JJ
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
The	DT
initial	JJ
screening	NN
session	NN
is	VBZ
free	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
a	DT
sliding	VBG
scale	NN
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
me	PRP
at	IN
the	DT
number	NN
listed	VBN
.	.
Cognitive-behavioral	JJ
therapy	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
&	CC
adults	NNS
in	IN
Dallas	NNP
,	,
TX	NNP
.	.
A	DT
rational	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
understanding	VBG
the	DT
basis	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
&	CC
actions	NNS
,	,
providing	VBG
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
re-pattern	VB
your	PRP$
thinking	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
improve	VB
behaviors	NNS
.	.
Wednesday	NNP
evening	NN
ongoing	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
group	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
and	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
group	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
mutual	JJ
support	NN
,	,
to	TO
reduce	VB
symptoms	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
better	JJR
understand	VB
the	DT
underlying	VBG
issues\/origins	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
also	RB
look	VB
at	IN
how	WRB
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
impacts	NNS
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
relationships	NNS
and	CC
self-esteem	NN
.	.
The	DT
group	NN
meets	VBZ
Wednesday	NNP
evenings	NNS
at	IN
6:45	CD
pm	NN
.	.
Office	NNP
is	VBZ
located	VBN
at	IN
26th	JJ
and	CC
Broadway	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
accessible	JJ
via	IN
the	DT
1	CD
,	,
F	NN
,	,
N\/R	NNP
,	,
and	CC
6	CD
trains	NNS
.	.
Group	NNP
is	VBZ
run	VBN
by	IN
Jennifer	NNP
Silacci	NNP
,	,
LMSW	NNP
.	.
Completed	VBN
post-graduate	JJ
psychoanalytic	JJ
training	NN
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
at	IN
The	DT
Women	NNP
's	POS
Therapy	NNP
Centre	NNP
Institute	NNP
and	CC
currently	RB
run	VBP
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
groups	NNS
for	IN
New	NNP
York	NNP
University	NNP
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
the	DT
Clinical	NNP
Advisor	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
FREED	NNP
Foundation	NNP
.	.
Carmen	NNP
Scroggin	NNP
provides	VBZ
individual	JJ
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
Her	PRP$
office	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
in	IN
North	NNP
Dallas	NNP
at	IN
Inwood	NNP
and	CC
Northwest	NNP
Highway	NNP
.	.
Carmen	NNP
accepts	VBZ
most	RBS
insurance	NN
plans	NNS
.	.
Her	PRP$
warm	JJ
,	,
individualzed	JJ
approach	NN
helps	VBZ
each	DT
person	NN
feel	VB
comfortable	JJ
as	IN
they	PRP
work	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
positive	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
thinking	NN
,	,
emotions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
behaviors	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
start	VBP
with	IN
the	DT
premise	NN
that	WDT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
meaningful	JJ
and	CC
can	MD
be	VB
understood	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
more	RBR
important	JJ
than	IN
body	NN
and	CC
food	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
hunger	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
the	DT
person	NN
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
an	DT
all	DT
out	IN
war	NN
with	IN
their	PRP$
hunger	NN
.	.
In	IN
my	PRP$
work	NN
I	PRP
try	VBP
to	TO
help	VB
folks	NNS
get	VB
in	IN
touch	NN
with	IN
the	DT
more	JJR
meaningful	JJ
hungers	NNS
they	PRP
are	VBP
craving	NN
,	,
and	CC
help	VB
them	PRP
seeks	VBZ
means	NNS
of	IN
satisfying	VBG
those	DT
larger	JJR
hungers	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
clients	NNS
describe	VBP
me	PRP
as	IN
warm	JJ
,	,
compassionate	JJ
and	CC
funny	JJ
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
as	IN
direct	JJ
,	,
challenging	JJ
,	,
and	CC
focused	VBD
;	:
seeking	VBG
out	RP
the	DT
hard	JJ
and	CC
stuck	VBD
places	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
approach	NN
to	TO
living	VBG
and	CC
loving	VBG
.	.
To	TO
quote	VB
a	DT
movie	NN
,	,
The	DT
Summer	NNP
Place	NNP
,	,
``	``
Life	NNP
is	VBZ
too	RB
hard	JJ
without	IN
being	VBG
miserable	JJ
on	IN
top	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
try	VB
to	TO
convince	VB
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
that	WDT
life	NN
is	VBZ
easy	JJ
or	CC
carefree	JJ
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
do	VBP
believe	VB
lots	NNS
of	IN
happiness	NN
and	CC
contentment	NN
can	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
when	WRB
we	PRP
face	VBP
and	CC
come	VBP
to	TO
terms	NNS
with	IN
our	PRP$
truths	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
leaving	VBG
counseling	NN
,	,
folks	NNS
usually	RB
feel	VBP
better	RBR
.	.
Not	RB
necessarily	RB
so	RB
with	IN
therapy	NN
.	.
The	DT
work	NN
can	MD
be	VB
hard	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
always	RB
feel	VB
good	JJ
right	NN
away	RB
.	.
What	WP
I	PRP
promise	VBP
clients	NNS
is	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
take	VB
good	JJ
care	NN
of	IN
them	PRP
while	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
the	DT
hard	JJ
work	NN
of	IN
looking	VBG
at	IN
themselves	PRP
and	CC
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
While	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
are	VBP
my	PRP$
specialty	NN
of	IN
14	CD
years	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
believe	VBP
therapy	NN
deals	NNS
most	RBS
with	IN
the	DT
issues	NNS
we	PRP
all	DT
share	NN
in	IN
common	JJ
,	,
like	IN
figuring	VBG
out	RP
how	WRB
to	TO
love	VB
and	CC
be	VB
loved	VBN
,	,
how	WRB
to	TO
see	VB
ourselves	PRP
and	CC
others	NNS
with	IN
compassion	NN
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
take	VB
control	NN
of	IN
the	DT
crafting	VBG
of	IN
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
about	IN
my	PRP$
views	NNS
on	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
please	VB
visit	NN
my	PRP$
website	NN
listed	VBN
below	RB
.	.
Psychotherapy	NNP
for	IN
individuals	NNS
couples	NNS
and	CC
groups	NNS
.	.
Specializing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
distortion	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Evaluations	NNS
and	CC
follow	VB
up	RP
psychotherapy	NN
for	IN
weight	NN
loss	NN
surgury	NN
patients	NNS
.	.
Personal	NNP
coaching	NN
for	IN
health	NN
and	CC
wellness	NN
.	.
Offices	NNS
in	IN
Long	NNP
Island	NNP
and	CC
NYC	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
treat	VBP
men	NNS
,	,
women	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
with	IN
anorexic	JJ
,	,
bulimic	JJ
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
and	CC
ruminating	VBG
symptoms	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
clients	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
in-patient	JJ
,	,
day	NN
treatment	NN
and	CC
outpatient	NN
settings	NNS
and	CC
like	VB
to	TO
work	VB
as	IN
a	DT
team	NN
where	WRB
appropriate	JJ
with	IN
nutritionists	NNS
,	,
physicians	NNS
and	CC
psychiatrists	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
work	VBP
with	IN
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
trauma	NN
and	CC
abuse	NN
,	,
and	CC
am	VBP
trained	VBN
in	IN
EMDR	NNP
,	,
somatic	JJ
experiencing	VBG
and	CC
DBT	NNP
skills	NNS
building	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
ecclectic	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
approach	NN
,	,
drawing	VBG
my	PRP$
understanding	NN
from	IN
the	DT
psychodynamic	JJ
orientation	NN
,	,
but	CC
believing	VBG
that	IN
as	IN
an	DT
exclusive	JJ
technique	NN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
often	RB
ineffective	JJ
because	IN
it	PRP
ignores	VBZ
the	DT
body	NN
and	CC
the	DT
non-thinking	JJ
parts	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
brain	NN
.	.
I	PRP
take	VBP
into	IN
account	NN
people	NNS
's	POS
presenting	VBG
issues	NNS
,	,
what	WP
has	VBZ
and	CC
has	VBZ
not	RB
worked	VBN
for	IN
them	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
past	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
learning	NN
styles	NNS
in	IN
deciding	VBG
what	WP
combination	NN
of	IN
insight	NN
,	,
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
or	CC
body-based	JJ
work	NN
to	TO
incorporate	VB
.	.
Currently	RB
I	PRP
am	VBP
co-leading	NN
a	DT
group	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
sexually	RB
abused	VBD
as	IN
children	NNS
and	CC
will	MD
co-lead	VB
another	DT
group	NN
in	IN
the	DT
fall	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
is	VBZ
not	RB
just	RB
about	IN
food	NN
-	:
whether	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
eating	VBG
it	PRP
,	,
not	RB
eating	VBG
it	PRP
,	,
keeping	VBG
it	PRP
down	RP
or	CC
exercising	VBG
it	PRP
off	RP
.	.
Treatment	NNP
must	MD
address	VB
the	DT
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
that	WDT
began	VBD
and	CC
maintain	VB
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
so	RB
that	IN
one	CD
may	MD
experience	VB
true	JJ
freedom	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
experience	NN
includes	VBZ
being	VBG
the	DT
Student	NN
Director	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Weight	NNP
Control	NNP
Clinic	NNP
at	IN
SDSU	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
1970	CD
's	POS
as	RB
well	RB
having	VBG
developed	VBN
and	CC
co-owned	VBN
Summit	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
here	RB
in	IN
Sacramento	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
and	CC
do	VB
individual	JJ
,	,
couples	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
and	CC
often	RB
offer	VBP
groups	NNS
geared	VBN
toward	IN
individuals	NNS
grappling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
David	NNP
Parker	NNP
Psy	NNP
.	.
D.	NNP
and	CC
Janet	NNP
Kelly	NNP
,	,
LMSW	NNP
,	,
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Specialists	NNPS
,	,
welcome	VB
you	PRP
or	CC
someone	NN
you	PRP
know	VBP
to	TO
a	DT
treatment	NN
aimed	VBN
at	IN
reducing	VBG
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
symptoms	NNS
.	.
A	DT
unique	JJ
opportunity	NN
awaits	VBZ
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
will	MD
start	VB
with	IN
an	DT
initial	JJ
intake	NN
assessment	NN
to	TO
help	VB
determine	VB
your	PRP$
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
also	RB
evaluate	VB
your	PRP$
current	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
symptom	NN
use	NN
and	CC
help	VB
you	PRP
develop	VB
a	DT
meal	NN
plan	NN
to	TO
guide	VB
you	PRP
through	IN
our	PRP$
15-week	JJ
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
will	MD
include	VB
a	DT
weekly	JJ
dinner	NN
followed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
therapeutically	RB
informed	VBN
discussion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meal	NN
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
explore	VB
your	PRP$
feelings	NNS
,	,
physical	JJ
sensations	NNS
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
following	VBG
the	DT
completion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meal	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
meal	NN
and	CC
subsequent	JJ
reflection	NN
,	,
we	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
a	DT
group	NN
therapy	NN
session	NN
discussing	VBG
the	DT
underlying	VBG
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
driving	VBG
your	PRP$
eating	NN
smptoms	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
atmosphere	NN
of	IN
mutual	JJ
support	NN
and	CC
understanding	NN
.	.
Each	DT
session	NN
is	VBZ
then	RB
concluded	VBN
with	IN
members	NNS
setting	VBG
realistic	JJ
goals	NNS
to	TO
reach	VB
towards	IN
in	IN
the	DT
following	JJ
week	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
program	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
accompaniment	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
weekly	JJ
therapy	NN
;	:
it	PRP
is	VBZ
aimed	VBN
towards	IN
the	DT
cessation	NN
of	IN
food	NN
symptoms	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
restriction	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
,	,
purging	VBG
and	CC
obsessive	JJ
thoughts	NNS
around	IN
food	NN
and	CC
body	NN
.	.
Through	IN
our	PRP$
therapeutic	JJ
evening	NN
you	PRP
will	MD
learn	VB
to	TO
identify	VB
,	,
acknowledge	VB
and	CC
shift	VB
your	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
We	PRP
look	VBP
forward	RB
to	TO
working	VBG
with	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Next	JJ
session	NN
begins	VBZ
Tuesday	NNP
,	,
September	NNP
12th	JJ
,	,
5:30	CD
pm-8	JJ
:30	CD
pm	NN
.	.
Call	VB
now	RB
to	TO
reserve	VB
your	PRP$
spot	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
an	DT
8	CD
person	NN
maximum	NN
for	IN
this	DT
group	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
in	IN
each	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
ability	NN
to	TO
work	VB
through	IN
issues	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
and	CC
eventually	RB
achieve	VB
a	DT
life	NN
free	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
distress	NN
,	,
pain	NN
,	,
and	CC
shame	NN
caused	VBN
by	IN
these	DT
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
for	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
want	VBP
to	TO
recover	VB
from	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
work	VB
with	IN
couples	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
as	IN
needed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
often	RB
utilize	VBP
a	DT
team	NN
approach	NN
and	CC
collaborate	VB
with	IN
other	JJ
professionals	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
physicians	NNS
,	,
nutritionists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
psychiatrists	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
more	RBR
fully	RB
help	VB
the	DT
recovering	VBG
individual	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
frequently	RB
co-existing	JJ
conditions	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
substance	NN
abuse	NN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
culturally	RB
sensitive	JJ
therapy	NN
to	TO
both	DT
women	NNS
and	CC
men	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
with	IN
many	JJ
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
suffer	VBP
from	IN
bulimia	NN
,	,
anorexia	NN
,	,
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
,	,
group	NN
,	,
and	CC
family\/couples	NNS
therapy	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
starting	VBG
this	DT
September	NNP
I	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
providing	VBG
a	DT
3-hour	JJ
weekly	JJ
program	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
offer	VB
a	DT
meal	NN
,	,
a	DT
discussion	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
experience	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meal	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
group	NN
therapy	NN
session	NN
.	.
I	PRP
practice	VBP
insight	NN
oriented	VBN
\/	CD
self-acceptance	NN
based	VBN
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
both	DT
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
;	:
adolecents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
obsessive	JJ
compulsive	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
have	VBP
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
male	JJ
family	NN
members	NNS
of	IN
patients	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
helping	VBG
them	PRP
understand	VB
the	DT
disorder	NN
and	CC
learn	VB
to	TO
better	JJR
communicate	VBP
with	IN
their	PRP$
loved	VBN
one	CD
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
therapeutic	JJ
services	NNS
to	TO
both	DT
individuals	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
also	RB
assist	VB
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
in	IN
overcoming	VBG
anxiety	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
relationship	NN
difficulties	NNS
,	,
and	CC
familial	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
tailor	VBP
each	DT
individual	JJ
treatment	NN
plan	NN
according	VBG
to	TO
my	PRP$
client	NN
's	POS
needs	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
strong	JJ
emphasis	NN
on	IN
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
techniques	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
my	PRP$
client	NN
to	TO
regain	VB
her	PRP$
inner	JJ
strength	NN
,	,
and	CC
her	PRP$
self-esteem	NN
.	.
I	PRP
hold	VBP
a	DT
process	NN
group	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
in	IN
recovery	NN
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
every	DT
Monday	NNP
night	NN
from	IN
6:30	CD
pm	NN
to	TO
8	CD
pm	NN
.	.
In	IN
contact	NN
with	IN
others	NNS
who	WP
share	VBP
their	PRP$
feeligns	NNS
and	CC
struggles	NNS
,	,
individuals	NNS
can	MD
learn	VB
to	TO
gain	VB
insight	NN
into	IN
their	PRP$
issues	NNS
and	CC
become	VB
more	RBR
true	JJ
to	TO
themselves	PRP
.	.
Free	RB
,	,
ongoing	JJ
ANAD	NNP
support	NN
group	NN
meets	VBZ
the	DT
2nd	JJ
and	CC
4th	JJ
Saturdays	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
month	NN
from	IN
10:00	CD
-11:30	CD
AM	NNP
.	.
Open	NNP
to	TO
all	DT
ages	NNS
,	,
race	NN
,	,
gender	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
orientation	NN
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
a	DT
warm	JJ
,	,
supportive	JJ
and	CC
understanding	VBG
environment	NN
to	TO
those	DT
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
disturbance	NN
,	,
and	CC
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
provide	VBP
a	DT
phone	NN
contact	NN
list	NN
for	IN
extra	JJ
support	NN
in	IN
between	IN
meetings	NNS
,	,
information	NN
,	,
materials	NNS
,	,
a	DT
lending	NN
library	NN
and	CC
referrals	NNS
for	IN
therapy	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
can	MD
compromise	VB
your	PRP$
ability	NN
to	TO
function	VB
in	IN
many	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
Secrecy	NNP
and	CC
shame	NN
make	VBP
it	PRP
difficult	JJ
to	TO
overcome	VB
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
A	DT
support	NN
group	NN
helps	VBZ
provide	VB
relief	NN
from	IN
this	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
isolation	NN
by	IN
providing	VBG
optimism	NN
,	,
support	NN
,	,
hope	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
community	NN
through	IN
the	DT
sharing	NN
of	IN
life	NN
experiences	NNS
with	IN
other	JJ
people	NNS
like	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
This	DT
weekly	JJ
group	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
forum	NN
for	IN
all	DT
women	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
recovery	NN
process	NN
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Members	NNS
support	VBP
one	CD
another	DT
and	CC
share	VB
their	PRP$
triumphs	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
challenges	NNS
they	PRP
face	VBP
as	IN
they	PRP
seek	VBP
to	TO
empower	VB
themselves	PRP
and	CC
each	DT
other	JJ
.	.
The	DT
group	NN
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
eating	VBG
behaviors	NNS
are	VBP
a	DT
symptom	NN
,	,
a	DT
mechanism	NN
used	VBN
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
situations	NNS
or	CC
emotions	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
felt	VBN
unbearable	JJ
.	.
This	DT
group	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
safe	JJ
place	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
issues	NNS
surrounding	VBG
the	DT
recovery	NN
process	NN
,	,
a	DT
space	NN
for	IN
self-expression	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
network	NN
of	IN
creative	JJ
,	,
talented	JJ
,	,
and	CC
beautiful	JJ
women	NNS
.	.
A	DT
Safe	NNP
Place	NNP
to	TO
Heal	VB
is	VBZ
pleased	VBN
to	TO
offer	VB
therapy	NN
in	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
,	,
confidential	JJ
environment	NN
for	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
challenged	VBN
by	IN
their	PRP$
eating	NN
patterns	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
with	IN
their	PRP$
personal	JJ
relationships	NNS
.	.
By	IN
attending	VBG
counseling	NN
sessions	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
not	RB
only	RB
have	VB
a	DT
safe	JJ
place	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
your	PRP$
struggles	NNS
,	,
process	NN
your	PRP$
feelings	NNS
,	,
and	CC
receive	VB
support	NN
,	,
but	CC
you	PRP
will	MD
also	RB
be	VB
exposed	VBN
to	TO
psycho-educational	JJ
learning	VBG
helping	VBG
you	PRP
to	TO
:	:
Define	VB
and	CC
understand	VB
the	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Anorexia\/Bulimia\/Overeating	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
Identify	VB
underlying	VBG
feelings\/thoughts	NNS
about	IN
your	PRP$
self	NN
esteem	NN
&	CC
body	NN
imageIdentify	JJ
dysfunctional	JJ
family	NN
patterns	NNS
and	CC
faulty	JJ
cognitive	JJ
beliefs	NNS
about	IN
food	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
family	NN
of	IN
originLearn	NNP
to	TO
overcome	VB
these	DT
cognitive	JJ
beliefs	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
kept	VBN
you	PRP
stuck	VBD
in	IN
old	JJ
,	,
negative	JJ
thinking	NN
patternsLearn	NNP
specific	JJ
skills	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
incorporating	VBG
emotional	JJ
,	,
psychological	JJ
,	,
physical	JJ
and	CC
spiritual	JJ
ways	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
heal	VB
yourself	PRP
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
your	PRP$
personal	JJ
relationshipsFind	NNP
a	DT
healthy	JJ
environment	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
you	PRP
can	MD
become	VB
a	DT
more	RBR
powerful	JJ
,	,
more	RBR
balanced	JJ
,	,
more	RBR
integrated	JJ
YOU	PRP
!	.
The	DT
key	NN
to	TO
a	DT
satisfying	JJ
therapy	NN
experience	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
relationship	NN
between	IN
clinician	NN
and	CC
client	NN
,	,
the	DT
right	JJ
fit	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
aim	NN
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
comfortable	JJ
,	,
safe	JJ
and	CC
accepting	VBG
atmosphere	NN
to	TO
facilitate	VB
your	PRP$
healing	NN
process	NN
.	.
Rather	RB
than	IN
a	DT
silent	JJ
onlooker	NN
in	IN
the	DT
room	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
vocal	JJ
and	CC
engaged	VBD
,	,
utilizing	VBG
your	PRP$
personal	JJ
history	NN
and	CC
in-the-room	NN
observations	NNS
to	TO
heighten	VB
your	PRP$
understanding	NN
of	IN
circumstances	NNS
and	CC
guide	NN
you	PRP
towards	IN
positive	JJ
change	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
work	NN
involves	VBZ
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
an	DT
overall	JJ
helping	VBG
relationship	NN
with	IN
people	NNS
like	IN
you	PRP
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
counseling	NN
process	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
work	VB
together	RB
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
the	DT
concerns	NNS
that	IN
bring	VBP
you	PRP
into	IN
the	DT
counseling	NN
relationship	NN
.	.
Identifying	VBG
concerns	NNS
and	CC
developing	VBG
plans	NNS
to	TO
address	VB
them	PRP
often	RB
involves	VBZ
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
personal	JJ
change	NN
.	.
This	DT
process	NN
can	MD
produce	VB
dramatic	JJ
results	NNS
,	,
though	RB
often	RB
the	DT
process	NN
takes	VBZ
time	NN
and	CC
recurrent	JJ
effort	NN
.	.
Having	VBG
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
tools	NNS
and	CC
resources	NNS
can	MD
facilitate	VB
the	DT
accomplishment	NN
of	IN
goals	NNS
and	CC
many	JJ
times	NNS
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
counseling	NN
include	VBP
the	DT
efforts	NNS
you	PRP
exert	VB
outside	IN
the	DT
counseling	NN
setting	NN
.	.
Counseling	NN
requires	VBZ
active	JJ
participation	NN
from	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
me	PRP
.	.
We	PRP
must	MD
work	VB
together	RB
toward	IN
your	PRP$
goals	NNS
.	.
This	DT
work	NN
can	MD
include	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
several	JJ
different	JJ
techniques	NNS
and	CC
approaches	NNS
.	.
If	IN
something	NN
is	VBZ
troubling	VBG
you	PRP
,	,
call	VB
for	IN
a	DT
complimentary	JJ
phone	NN
consultation	NN
today	NN
,	,
to	TO
see	VB
how	WRB
A	DT
Safe	NNP
Place	NNP
to	TO
Heal	VB
can	MD
help	VB
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
offering	VBG
support	NN
groups	NNS
for	IN
individuals	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
family	NN
members	NNS
.	.
The	DT
groups	NNS
will	MD
provide	VB
psychoeducation	NN
,	,
processing	NN
of	IN
feelings	NNS
,	,
coping	VBG
tools	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
support	NN
you	PRP
need	VBP
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
group	NN
will	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
on	IN
Saturday	NNP
mornings	NNS
at	IN
10:00	CD
am	VBP
for	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
or	CC
preoccupation	NN
with	IN
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
The	DT
second	JJ
group	NN
will	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
at	IN
12:00	CD
pm	NN
on	IN
Saturday	NNP
afternoon	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
open	JJ
to	TO
family	NN
members	NNS
and	CC
friends	NNS
of	IN
someone	NN
suffering	NN
from	IN
these	DT
difficulties	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
us	PRP
for	IN
further	JJ
details	NNS
.	.
Co-founder	NN
of	IN
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Collaborative	NNP
in	IN
San	NNP
Francisco	NNP
and	CC
San	NNP
Rafael	NNP
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
Director	NNP
for	IN
17	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
Ohlhoff	NNP
Outpatient	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Facility	NNP
.	.
Now	RB
in	IN
Private	JJ
Practice	NN
treating	VBG
all	DT
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
to	TO
all	DT
people	NNS
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
Couples	NNPS
,	,
Family	NNP
,	,
Groups	NNS
,	,
Nutrition	NNP
,	,
Anxiety	NN
Reduction	NN
.	.
We	PRP
treat	VBP
the	DT
whole	JJ
individual	NN
,	,
physically	RB
,	,
mentally	RB
and	CC
emotionally	RB
and	CC
have	VB
a	DT
separate	JJ
component	NN
for	IN
Women	NNS
of	IN
Size	NN
.	.
We	PRP
collaborate	VBP
with	IN
physicians	NNS
,	,
nutritionists	NNS
and	CC
alternative	JJ
treatment	NN
personnel	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
value	VBP
each	DT
client	NN
individually	RB
and	CC
help	VB
the	DT
client	NN
know	VBP
themselves	PRP
and	CC
their	PRP$
hunger	NN
.	.
We	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
behind	IN
every	DT
compulsive	JJ
bite	NN
or	CC
act	NN
of	IN
restriction	NN
with	IN
food	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
body-anxiety	NN
that	WDT
seems	VBZ
too	RB
unbearable	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
ways	NNS
to	TO
``	``
bear	VB
the	DT
unbearable	JJ
,	,
``	``
allowing	VBG
strength	NN
emerge	VBP
.	.
Our	PRP$
group	NN
size	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
maximum	NN
of	IN
6	CD
,	,
allowing	VBG
enough	JJ
time	NN
for	IN
each	DT
person	NN
.	.
Clients	NNS
will	MD
learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
thrive	VB
,	,
not	RB
merely	RB
survive	VB
.	.
Licensed	VBN
Clinical	NNP
Psychologist	NNP
providing	VBG
individual	JJ
,	,
group	NN
,	,
family	NN
,	,
and	CC
couples	NNS
psychotherapy	NN
for	IN
the	DT
prevention	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Support	NN
groups	NNS
for	IN
individuals	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
and	CC
for	IN
family	NN
members	NNS
.	.
Multi-disciplinary	JJ
team	NN
approach	NN
by	IN
coordinating	VBG
treatment	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
providers	NNS
.	.
Other	JJ
specialty	NN
areas	NNS
include	VBP
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety\/stress	JJ
management	NN
,	,
self-esteem\/identity	JJ
issues	NNS
and	CC
trauma	NN
.	.
Completed	VBN
residency	NN
at	IN
renowned	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
facility	NN
.	.
Community	NNP
Counseling	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
unique	JJ
outpatient	NN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
outpatient	NN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
specialists	NNS
,	,
many	JJ
of	IN
whom	WP
have	VBP
recovered	VBN
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
themselves	PRP
,	,
offer	VBP
both	DT
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
,	,
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
take	VB
an	DT
active	JJ
role	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
treatment	NN
plan	NN
and	CC
will	MD
not	RB
simply	RB
be	VB
prescribed	VBN
a	DT
standard	JJ
treatment	NN
formula	NN
to	TO
follow	VB
.	.
With	IN
your	PRP$
help	NN
,	,
Community	NNP
Counseling	NN
will	MD
evaluate	VB
your	PRP$
needs	NNS
and	CC
implement	VB
an	DT
individual	JJ
program	NN
for	IN
you	PRP
which	WDT
consists	VBZ
of	IN
therapy	NN
,	,
nutrition	NN
,	,
exercise	NN
,	,
and	CC
behavior	NN
modification	NN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
restore	VB
your	PRP$
metabolism	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
control	VB
your	PRP$
weight	NN
in	IN
a	DT
healthy	JJ
way	NN
,	,
which	WDT
Community	NNP
Counseling	NN
knows	VBZ
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
learn	VB
about	IN
the	DT
underlying	VBG
stresses	VBZ
and	CC
problems	NNS
of	IN
life	NN
that	WDT
have	VBP
helped	VBN
cause	VB
or	CC
contribute	VB
to	TO
your	PRP$
turning	VBG
to	TO
starving	VBG
,	,
binging	NN
,	,
or	CC
purging	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
means	NN
to	TO
cope	VB
.	.
The	DT
staff	NN
works	VBZ
with	IN
you	PRP
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
team	NN
.	.
Community	NNP
Counseling	NN
recognizes	VBZ
you	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
unique	JJ
situation	NN
and	CC
needs	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
set	VB
you	PRP
up	RP
with	IN
a	DT
dietician	NN
,	,
doctor	NN
and\/or	CC
a	DT
psychiatrist	NN
.	.
Is	NNP
Community	NNP
Counseling	NN
Right	RB
For	IN
You	PRP
?	.
The	DT
first	JJ
step	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
hardest	RBS
to	TO
take	VB
.	.
Community	NNP
Counseling	NN
asks	VBZ
you	PRP
simply	RB
to	TO
take	VB
the	DT
time	NN
to	TO
call	VB
and	CC
find	VB
out	RP
more	JJR
about	IN
their	PRP$
services	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
answer	VB
any	DT
of	IN
your	PRP$
questions	NNS
,	,
evaluate	VB
your	PRP$
needs	NNS
,	,
help	VBP
you	PRP
with	IN
financial	JJ
arrangements	NNS
including	VBG
checking	VBG
your	PRP$
insurance	NN
coverage	NN
and	CC
most	RBS
importantly	RB
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
get	VB
a	DT
feel	NN
for	IN
our	PRP$
philosophy	NN
and	CC
our	PRP$
staff	NN
.	.
Community	NNP
Counseling	NN
has	VBZ
offices	NNS
in	IN
Agoura	NNP
Hills	NNP
,	,
Malibu	NNP
,	,
West	NNP
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
,	,
Brentwood	NNP
,	,
Pacific	NNP
Palisades	NNP
,	,
Beverly	NNP
Hills	NNP
and	CC
Santa	NNP
Barbara	NNP
.	.
The	DT
DC	NNP
ANAD	NNP
Support	NN
Group	NNP
has	VBZ
established	VBN
itself	PRP
with	IN
the	DT
intention	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
cost-free	JJ
support	NN
to	TO
anyone	NN
whose	WP$
life	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
impacted	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
DC	NNP
ANAD	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
valuable	JJ
and	CC
easily	RB
accessible	JJ
local	JJ
resource	NN
in	IN
the	DT
fight	NN
against	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
through	IN
its	PRP$
free	JJ
,	,
weekly	JJ
support	NN
group	NN
meetings	NNS
.	.
Beyond	NNP
Hunger	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
non-profit	JJ
organization	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
providing	VBG
workshops	NNS
,	,
support	NN
groups	NNS
and	CC
prevention	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
adults	NNS
and	CC
teens	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
body	NN
hatred	NN
since	IN
1988	CD
.	.
Beyond	NNP
Hunger	NNP
's	POS
programs	NNS
combine	VBP
body	NN
acceptance	NN
,	,
intuitive	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
emotional	JJ
coping	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
psycho-educational	JJ
support	NN
group	NN
format	NN
with	IN
licensed	JJ
therapists	NNS
.	.
Beyond	NNP
Hunger	NNP
was	VBD
founded	VBN
by	IN
Carol	NNP
Normandi	NNP
,	,
MFT	NNP
and	CC
Laurelee	NNP
Roark	NNP
,	,
CCHT	NNP
co-authors	NNS
of	IN
``	``
It	PRP
's	VBZ
Not	RB
About	IN
Food	NN
''	''
and	CC
``	``
Over	IN
It	PRP
.	.
''	''
Beyond	NNP
Hunger	NNP
trains	NNS
high	JJ
school	NN
peer	VB
educators	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
prevention	NN
and	CC
education	NN
in	IN
Marin	NNP
's	POS
middle	JJ
and	CC
high	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
Beyond	NNP
Hunger	NNP
also	RB
offers	VBZ
resources	NNS
and	CC
referrals	NNS
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
professionals	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Mandel	NNP
Center	NNP
of	IN
Arizona	NNP
provides	VBZ
supportive	JJ
psychotherapeutic	JJ
services	NNS
to	TO
people	NNS
in	IN
need	NN
.	.
We	PRP
strive	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
therapy	NN
as	IN
positive	JJ
and	CC
helpful	JJ
an	DT
experience	NN
as	IN
possible	JJ
by	IN
``	``
being	VBG
where	WRB
the	DT
patient	NN
is	VBZ
''	''
.	.
This	DT
means	VBZ
that	IN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
patient	NN
's	POS
life	NN
experiences	NNS
are	VBP
taken	VBN
into	IN
account	NN
including	VBG
their	PRP$
past	NN
,	,
present	JJ
and	CC
hopes	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
The	DT
Mandel	NNP
Center	NNP
of	IN
Arizona	NNP
is	VBZ
headed	VBN
by	IN
Alyssa	NNP
Mandel	NNP
,	,
LCSW	NNP
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Mandel	NNP
earned	VBD
her	PRP
Masters	NNP
Degree	NNP
at	IN
Columbia	NNP
University	NNP
in	IN
New	NNP
York	NNP
City	NNP
and	CC
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
licensed	JJ
psychotherapist	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
10	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Her	PRP$
supportive	JJ
philosophy	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
people	NNS
from	IN
many	JJ
different	JJ
backgrounds	NNS
and	CC
with	IN
numerous	JJ
presenting	VBG
problems	NNS
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Mandel	NNP
believes	VBZ
that	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
patients	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
non-judgmental	JJ
perspective	NN
empowers	VBZ
the	DT
patient	NN
and	CC
the	DT
therapeutic	JJ
relationship	NN
,	,
making	VBG
it	PRP
more	RBR
productive	JJ
and	CC
comfortable	JJ
for	IN
all	DT
involved	VBN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
Ms.	NNP
Mandel	NNP
believes	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
an	DT
inter-disciplinary	JJ
team	NN
approach	NN
to	TO
therapy	NN
that	IN
enlists	VBZ
the	DT
expertise	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
behavioral	JJ
health	NN
professionals	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
social	JJ
workers	NNS
,	,
psychiatrists	NNS
and	CC
psychologists	NNS
,	,
together	RB
with	IN
physicians	NNS
and	CC
nutritionists	NNS
,	,
where	WRB
deemed	VBN
appropriate	JJ
.	.
Such	PDT
an	DT
approach	NN
can	MD
help	VB
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
relevant	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
client	NN
's	POS
health	NN
are	VBP
addressed	VBN
appropriately	RB
and	CC
in	IN
a	DT
coordinated	VBN
fashion	NN
.	.
The	DT
Mandel	NNP
Center	NNP
of	IN
Arizona	NNP
has	VBZ
experience	NN
in	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
areas	NNS
:	:
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
:	:
-	:
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
-	:
Bulimia	SYM
-	:
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
-	:
Compulsive	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
-	:
ObesityPanic	NNP
and	CC
Anxiety	NN
DisordersDepressionSubstance	NNP
AbuseAdolescent	NNP
IssuesCouples	NNPS
CounselingFamily	NNP
Therapy	NNP
Workplace	NNP
CounselingConsulting	NNP
Services	NNPS
:	:
The	DT
Mandel	NNP
Center	NNP
of	IN
Arizona	NNP
is	VBZ
prepared	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
consulting	NN
services	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
group	NN
seminars	NNS
,	,
workshops	NNS
,	,
workplace	NN
assessments	NNS
and	CC
problem	NN
resolution	NN
consulting	NN
,	,
to	TO
business	NN
and	CC
professional	JJ
organizations	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
types	NNS
and	CC
sizes	NNS
.	.
Consulting	NNP
services	NNS
are	VBP
customized	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
specific	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
.	.
Please	VB
contact	VB
us	PRP
for	IN
more	JJR
details	NNS
.	.
Jennifer	NNP
completed	VBD
her	PRP$
graduate	NN
studies	NNS
in	IN
Clinical	NNP
Social	NNP
Work	NNP
at	IN
New	NNP
York	NNP
University	NNP
and	CC
post-graduate	JJ
work	NN
in	IN
Rational	NNP
Emotive	NNP
Behavior	NNP
Therapy	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
Albert	NNP
Ellis	NNP
Institute	NNP
in	IN
Manhattan	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
prior	RB
experience	NN
as	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
in	IN
both	DT
inpatient	JJ
and	CC
outpatient	NN
settings	NNS
.	.
Sessions	NNP
are	VBP
available	JJ
by	IN
appointment	NN
to	TO
address	VB
a	DT
wide	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
issues	NNS
including	VBG
eating	JJ
disorders\/disordered	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
self-esteem	NN
,	,
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
trauma	NN
,	,
relationships	NNS
,	,
family	NN
,	,
career	NN
and	CC
life	NN
changes	NNS
.	.
Traditional	JJ
talk	NN
therapies	NNS
reflecting	VBG
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
,	,
family	NN
systems	NNS
,	,
psychodynamic	JJ
and	CC
solution	NN
focused	VBD
perspectives	NNS
are	VBP
employed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
process	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
is	VBZ
interactive	JJ
,	,
personal	JJ
and	CC
collaborative	JJ
.	.
Oftentimes	RB
additional	JJ
outside	IN
treatment	NN
providers	NNS
are	VBP
called	VBN
upon	IN
to	TO
address	VB
coexisting	JJ
medical	JJ
,	,
nutritional	JJ
and	CC
psychiatric	JJ
concerns	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Circle	NNP
of	IN
Friends	NNPS
free	JJ
support	NN
group	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
males	NNS
and	CC
females	NNS
seeking	VBG
a	DT
supportive	JJ
group	NN
environment	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
recovery	NN
.	.
This	DT
group	NN
meets	VBZ
one	CD
evening	NN
per	IN
week	NN
.	.
Please	VB
contact	NN
Nancy	NNP
Albus	NNP
for	IN
further	JJ
information	NN
on	IN
meeting	NN
times	NNS
and	CC
location	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
licensed	JJ
marriage	NN
and	CC
family	NN
therapist	NN
,	,
I	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
safe	JJ
place	NN
to	TO
explore	VB
the	DT
many	JJ
issues	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
gentle	JJ
,	,
yet	RB
directive	NN
support	NN
for	IN
the	DT
journey	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
Please	VBP
feel	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
call	VB
for	IN
additional	JJ
information	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
work	VBP
with	IN
birthmothers	NNS
and	CC
adult	NN
adoptees	NNS
in	IN
relation	NN
to	TO
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Support	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
couples	NNS
therapy	NN
are	VBP
also	RB
available	JJ
.	.
Attendees	NNS
will	MD
hear	VB
from	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
OA	NNP
who	WP
have	VBP
experienced	VBN
recovery	NN
from	IN
food	NN
obsession	NN
,	,
obesity	NN
,	,
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
and	CC
obsession	NN
with	IN
dieting	NN
.	.
Everyone	NN
is	VBZ
invited	VBN
to	TO
learn	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
the	DT
OA	NNP
12-step	JJ
program	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
ask	VB
questions	NNS
,	,
find	VB
understanding	NN
,	,
support	NN
and	CC
help	NN
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
,	,
see	VB
our	PRP$
website	NN
at	IN
www.oahouston.org	NN
or	CC
call	VB
713-973-6633	CD
.	.
An	DT
outpatient	NN
therapeutic	JJ
approach	NN
combining	VBG
cognitive	JJ
and	CC
behavioral	JJ
strategies	NNS
with	IN
meal	NN
and	CC
group	NN
support	NN
.	.
It	PRP
includes	VBZ
group	NN
therapies	NNS
focused	VBD
on	IN
symptom	NN
resolution	NN
,	,
emotion	NN
management	NN
,	,
and	CC
relationship	NN
skills	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
nutrition	NN
education	NN
groups	NNS
and	CC
meal	NN
outings	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
goal	NN
of	IN
nomalizing	VBG
eating	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
.	.
An	DT
advanced	JJ
recovery	NN
group	NN
is	VBZ
offered	VBN
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
have	VBP
already	RB
received	VBN
significant	JJ
treatment	NN
and	CC
want	VB
continued	JJ
support	NN
in	IN
ongoing	JJ
recovery	NN
efforts	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Manhattan	NNP
West	NNP
Division	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Jewish	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Family	NNP
and	CC
Children	NNP
's	POS
Services	NNPS
,	,
Inc.	NNP
offers	VBZ
a	DT
weekly	JJ
group	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
ages	NNS
20	CD
and	CC
up	RB
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
The	DT
group	NN
meets	VBZ
on	IN
Thursdays	NNPS
from	IN
7:00	CD
pm-8	JJ
:15	CD
pm	NN
.	.
Some	DT
topics	NNS
include	VBP
self-esteem	NN
,	,
body	NN
distortions	NNS
,	,
isolation	NN
,	,
interpersonal	JJ
relationships	NNS
,	,
perfectionism	NN
,	,
feeling	VBG
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
,	,
difficulty	NN
nurturing	VBG
oneself	NN
and	CC
asking	VBG
for	IN
one	NN
's	POS
needs	NNS
,	,
childhood	NN
trauma	NN
and	CC
abuse	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
anger	NN
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
discusses	VBZ
healthy	JJ
eating	NN
habits	NNS
to	TO
improve	VB
one	CD
's	POS
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
particularly	RB
involve	VB
an	DT
anti-diet	JJ
approach	NN
where	WRB
women	NNS
will	MD
learn	VB
to	TO
recognize	VB
physiological	JJ
hunger	NN
,	,
so	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
know	VB
when	WRB
to	TO
feed	VB
themselves	PRP
and	CC
when	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
satiated	VBN
.	.
Overall	RB
,	,
this	DT
group	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
women	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
strategies	NNS
they	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
change	VB
the	DT
negative	JJ
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
feelings	NNS
they	PRP
have	VBP
about	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
and	CC
themselves	PRP
.	.
Most	JJS
insurances	NNS
are	VBP
accepted	VBN
and	CC
a	DT
sliding	VBG
scale	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
upon	IN
request	NN
.	.
Provides	VBZ
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
group	NN
psychotherapy	NN
for	IN
all	DT
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
adult	NN
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
.	.
Certified	JJ
group	NN
therapist	NN
offers	VBZ
groups	NNS
in	IN
Oakland	NNP
and	CC
Walnut	NNP
Creek	NNP
,	,
Ca	JJ
.	.
Two	CD
new	JJ
groups	NNS
starting	VBG
in	IN
May	NNP
and	CC
June	NNP
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
name	NN
Understanding	VBG
Nutrition	NNP
says	VBZ
it	PRP
all	DT
.	.
Our	PRP$
philosophy	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
a	DT
healthy	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
eating	NN
is	VBZ
key	JJ
piece	NN
of	IN
a	DT
happy	JJ
and	CC
healthy	JJ
life	NN
.	.
We	PRP
understand	VBP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
related	JJ
issues	NNS
-	:
that	WDT
's	VBZ
all	DT
that	IN
we	PRP
do	VBP
.	.
Our	PRP$
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
understand	VB
your	PRP$
food	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
habits	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
changes	NNS
you	PRP
know	VBP
you	PRP
need	VB
,	,
while	IN
understanding	VBG
that	IN
making	VBG
changes	NNS
is	VBZ
difficult	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
therapist	NN
and	CC
physician	NN
referrals	NNS
as	IN
needed	VBN
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
anyone	NN
who	WP
wants	VBZ
recovery	NN
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
ability	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
ready	JJ
to	TO
reach	VB
out	RP
,	,
we	PRP
're	VBP
ready	JJ
to	TO
help	VB
.	.
Formerly	RB
of	IN
the	DT
Renfrew	NNP
Center	NNP
Florida	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and	CC
Disordered	NNP
Eating	NNP
.	.
Bringing	VBG
the	DT
experience	NN
from	IN
this	DT
leading	VBG
treatment	NN
facility	NN
to	TO
the	DT
heart	NN
of	IN
Texas	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
clients	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
empathetic	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
normalizing	VBG
the	DT
relationship	NN
to	TO
food	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
additional	JJ
experience	NN
with	IN
gastric	JJ
bypass	NN
patients	NNS
and	CC
can	MD
provide	VB
effective	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
those	DT
with	IN
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
or	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
Even	RB
if	IN
unsure	JJ
about	IN
technically	RB
having	VBG
an	DT
`	``
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
'	''
,	,
we	PRP
can	MD
explore	VB
and	CC
identify	VB
any	DT
difficulties	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
Cynthia	NNP
A.	NNP
Ray	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
and	CC
a	DT
recovered	VBN
professional	JJ
specializing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Cynthia	NNP
provides	VBZ
treamtnet	NN
for	IN
both	DT
male	NN
and	CC
female	JJ
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
adults	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
one-on-one	JJ
private	JJ
and	CC
confidential	JJ
environemnt	NN
.	.
Nutrition	NNP
therapist	NN
with	IN
over	IN
ten	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
management	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
available	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
in	IN
home	NN
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
south	JJ
jersey	NN
area	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
services	NNS
include	VBP
individual	JJ
sessions	NNS
,	,
family	NN
support	NN
and	CC
referrals	NNS
to	TO
other	JJ
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
professionals	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
adults	NNS
and	CC
teenagers	NNS
dealing	VBG
with	IN
EDs	NNS
including	VBG
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulemia	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
over-eating	NN
from	IN
a	DT
holistic	JJ
perspective	NN
paying	VBG
attention	NN
to	TO
nutrition	NN
,	,
lifestyle	NN
and	CC
relationship	NN
with	IN
the	DT
body	NN
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
,	,
Jena	NNP
la	NNP
Flamme	NNP
is	VBZ
fully	RB
recovered	VBN
from	IN
years	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
ED	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
supporting	VBG
others	NNS
to	TO
fully	RB
recover	VB
aswell	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
approach	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
depp	NN
respect	NN
for	IN
the	DT
innate	JJ
intelligence	NN
of	IN
the	DT
body	NN
and	CC
the	DT
knowledge	NN
that	WDT
with	IN
nurturanc	NN
and	CC
attention	NN
balance	NN
with	IN
food	NN
can	MD
be	VB
rediscovered	VBN
.	.
Jena	NNP
la	NNP
Flamme	NNP
is	VBZ
available	JJ
for	IN
seminars	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
pro-bono	JJ
basis	NN
and	CC
for	IN
introductory	JJ
individual	JJ
consultations	NNS
for	IN
$	$
25	CD
either	CC
by	IN
phone	NN
or	CC
in	IN
person	NN
in	IN
New	NNP
York	NNP
City	NNP
.	.
Kate	NNP
Evett	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
and	CC
nutrition	NN
therapist	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
weight	NN
management	NN
.	.
She	PRP
earned	VBD
her	PRP$
Bachelors	NNS
of	IN
Science	NN
in	IN
Food	NNP
Science	NNP
and	CC
Human	NNP
Nutrition	NNP
from	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Missouri-Columbia	NNP
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
her	PRP$
private	JJ
practice	NN
,	,
Kate	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
nutrition	NN
therapist	NN
at	IN
Castlewood	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
She	PRP
assists	VBZ
her	PRP$
clients	NNS
in	IN
developing	VBG
a	DT
healthy	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
through	IN
a	DT
non-diet	JJ
approach	NN
.	.
Meal	NN
support	NN
,	,
grocery	NN
shopping	NN
assistance	NN
,	,
and	CC
online\/telephone	JJ
therapy	NN
available	JJ
.	.
Nutrition	NNP
therapist	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and	CC
weight	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
using	VBG
CBT	NNP
exercises	NNS
.	.
Non	NNP
diet	NN
approach	NN
,	,
addressing	VBG
thought	NN
pattern	NN
and	CC
behavior	NN
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
work	NN
is	VBZ
very	RB
individualised	JJ
and	CC
depends	VBZ
on	IN
each	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
situation	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
my	PRP$
work	NN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
on	IN
staff	NN
at	IN
an	DT
Earing	NNP
Disorder	NNP
treatment	NN
Center	NNP
.	.
Registered	NNP
Dietitian	NNP
and	CC
Nutritionist	NNP
specializing	VBG
in	IN
all	DT
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
including	VBG
,	,
anorexia	NN
,	,
buminia	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
and	CC
overeating	NN
.	.
Non-judgemental	JJ
and	CC
comfortable	JJ
atmosphere	NN
.	.
Flexible	JJ
and	CC
warm	JJ
counseling	NN
environement	NN
.	.
Provides	VBZ
in	IN
home	NN
visit	NN
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
to	TO
residents	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Greater	NNP
Cincinnati	NNP
and	CC
Northern	NNP
Kentucky	NNP
areas	NNS
.	.
Education	NNP
and	CC
counseling	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
by	IN
Registered	NNP
Dietitians	NNPS
and	CC
Certified	NNP
Diabetes	NNP
Educators	NNP
on	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
nutrition	NN
related	VBN
topics	NNS
including	VBG
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
weight	NN
management	NN
,	,
diabetes	NN
,	,
meal	NN
planning	NN
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
Contact	NN
us	PRP
to	TO
sign	VB
up	RP
for	IN
our	PRP$
free	JJ
newsletter	NN
.	.
Deborah	NNP
Kauffmann	NNP
,	,
RD	NNP
,	,
LDN	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
been	VBN
providing	VBG
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
to	TO
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
sixteen	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Currently	RB
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
,	,
she	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
former	JJ
Director	NNP
of	IN
Nutrition	NNP
Services	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNS
at	IN
St.	NNP
Joseph	NNP
Medical	NNP
Center	NNP
in	IN
Towson	NNP
,	,
Maryland	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
pioneers	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
nondiet	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
weight	VB
management	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Baltimore	NNP
area	NN
.	.
Since	IN
1993	CD
Deborah	NNP
has	VBZ
lectured	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
nutritional	JJ
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
overcoming	VBG
overeating	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Health	NNP
at	IN
Every	DT
Size	NN
paradigm	NN
at	IN
health	NN
care	NN
organizations	NNS
throughout	IN
Maryland	NNP
.	.
Deborah	NNP
has	VBZ
also	RB
appeared	VBN
on	IN
Maryland	NNP
Public	NNP
Television	NNP
to	TO
promote	VB
size	NN
acceptance	NN
.	.
Professional	NNP
affiliations	NNS
include	VBP
the	DT
American	JJ
Dietetic	NNP
Association	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Maryland	NNP
Dietetic	NNP
Association	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Association	NNP
for	IN
Size	NN
Diversity	NN
and	CC
Health	NNP
.	.
Deborah	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
offering	VBG
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
to	TO
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
for	IN
:	:
-	:
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
-	:
Bulimia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
-	:
Compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
-	:
Weight	NNP
management	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
nondiet	JJ
approach	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
WellnessDeborah	NNP
also	RB
offers	VBZ
Largely	RB
Positive	JJ
,	,
a	DT
support	NN
group	NN
for	IN
people	NNS
of	IN
size	NN
.	.
The	DT
mission	NN
of	IN
Largely	RB
Positive	JJ
is	VBZ
to	TO
promote	VB
health	NN
and	CC
self-esteem	NN
among	IN
larger	JJR
people	NNS
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
,	,
with	IN
a	DT
unique	JJ
background	NN
of	IN
a	DT
Masters	NNP
degree	NN
in	IN
Educational	NNP
Counseling	NN
,	,
I	PRP
dedicate	VBP
my	PRP$
practice	NN
primarily	RB
to	TO
treating	VBG
individuals	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
strongly	RB
believe	VBP
that	IN
full	JJ
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
attainable	JJ
,	,
when	WRB
the	DT
individual	NN
is	VBZ
genuinely	RB
ready	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
along	RP
with	IN
their	PRP$
treatment	NN
team	NN
to	TO
make	VB
permanent	JJ
behavior	NN
changes	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
private	JJ
practice	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
currently	RB
on	IN
staff	NN
at	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
center	NN
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
for	IN
full	JJ
recovery	NN
to	TO
occur	VB
,	,
I	PRP
believe	VBP
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
professionals	NNS
including	VBG
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
,	,
a	DT
therapist	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
psychiatrist	NN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
nutritional	JJ
therapy	NN
to	TO
clients	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
all	DT
varieties	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
nutrition	NN
education	NN
to	TO
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
and	CC
groups	NNS
using	VBG
a	DT
supportive	JJ
and	CC
direct	JJ
,	,
yet	RB
empathic	JJ
approach	NN
.	.
I	PRP
utilize	VBP
an	DT
integrative	JJ
team	NN
approach	NN
,	,
establishing	VBG
a	DT
strong	JJ
network	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
personal	JJ
physician	NN
,	,
psychiatrist	NN
and	CC
therapist	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
prescribe	VB
diets	NNS
or	CC
meal	NN
plans	NNS
,	,
but	CC
instead	RB
focus	VB
on	IN
specific	JJ
interventions	NNS
to	TO
challenge	VB
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
teens	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
emotional	JJ
eating	NN
difficulties	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
support	VBP
the	DT
non-diet	JJ
approach	NN
,	,
and	CC
have	VBP
a	DT
background	NN
in	IN
nutrition	NN
as	IN
a	DT
form	NN
of	IN
natural	JJ
medicine	NN
.	.
Teen	JJ
groups	NNS
,	,
individual	JJ
work	NN
,	,
and	CC
collaboration	NN
with	IN
experienced	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
therapists	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
a	DT
multidiscplinary	JJ
team	NN
through	IN
the	DT
Walker	NNP
Wellness	NNP
Clinic	NNP
that	WDT
is	VBZ
committed	VBN
to	TO
physical	JJ
and	CC
mental	JJ
health	NN
.	.
We	PRP
believe	VBP
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
and	CC
have	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
practice	NN
for	IN
ten	CD
years	NNS
working	VBG
with	IN
those	DT
who	WP
suffer	VBP
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
individualized	JJ
nutrition	NN
consultation	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
teach	VBP
a	DT
6	CD
week	NN
class	NN
series	NN
called	VBN
Diet-Free	NNP
Living	VBG
,	,
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
ready	JJ
to	TO
get	VB
off	RP
the	DT
diet	NN
roller	NN
coaster	NN
and	CC
develop	VB
a	DT
more	RBR
peaceful	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
Individual	JJ
nutiriton	NN
therapy	NN
utilizing	VBG
cognitive	JJ
and	CC
behavioral	JJ
approaches	NNS
to	TO
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
general	JJ
health	NN
and	CC
wellness	NN
and	CC
medical	JJ
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
closely	RB
with	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
team	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
coordinated	VBN
approach	NN
for	IN
the	DT
client	NN
.	.
Nutritional	NNP
Consultant	NN
I	PRP
help	VBP
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
build	VB
a	DT
new	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
Establishing	VBG
appropriate	JJ
foods	NNS
and	CC
supplements	NNS
for	IN
that	DT
individual	NN
.	.
I	PRP
educate	VBP
and	CC
empower	VBP
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
with	IN
sensitivity	NN
and	CC
experience	NN
.	.
Recovery	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
journey	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
unique	JJ
to	TO
each	DT
individual	NN
.	.
A	DT
bond	NN
of	IN
trust	NN
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
and	CC
there	EX
are	VBP
no	DT
time	NN
restraints	NNS
on	IN
my	PRP$
work	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Shandor	NNP
Weiss	NNP
,	,
Naturopathic	NNP
Physician	NNP
and	CC
Licensed	NNP
Acupuncturist	NNP
,	,
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
diagnosing	VBG
and	CC
treating	VBG
difficult	JJ
cases	NNS
and	CC
conditions	NNS
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
biofeedback	NN
tests	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
aka	FW
electrodermal	FW
or	CC
EAV	NNP
testing	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Weiss	NNP
can	MD
find	VB
the	DT
precise	JJ
cause	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
each	DT
patient	NN
's	POS
problems	NNS
.	.
Causes	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
emotional	JJ
,	,
metabolic	JJ
,	,
genetic	JJ
,	,
hormonal	JJ
,	,
neurological	JJ
,	,
spiritual	JJ
,	,
environmental	JJ
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
factors	NNS
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
a	DT
patient	NN
who	WP
binges	VBZ
may	MD
have	VB
a	DT
self	NN
esteem	NN
issue	NN
,	,
a	DT
blood	NN
sugar	NN
problem	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
genetic	JJ
variance	NN
on	IN
starch	NN
metabolism	NN
,	,
all	DT
together	RB
.	.
Some	DT
cases	NNS
are	VBP
more	RBR
esoteric	JJ
,	,
e.g.	FW
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
seem	VB
like	IN
the	DT
patient	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
low	JJ
self	NN
esteem	NN
problem	NN
,	,
but	CC
really	RB
the	DT
cause	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
empathic	JJ
or	CC
psychic	JJ
perception	NN
of	IN
a	DT
parent	NN
's	POS
suppressed	VBN
disapproval	NN
.	.
Then	RB
the	DT
patient	NN
uses	VBZ
purging	VBG
to	TO
rid	VB
themselves	PRP
of	IN
the	DT
feelings	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
person	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
,	,
many	JJ
other	JJ
possible	JJ
causes	NNS
of	IN
these	DT
problems	NNS
,	,
also	RB
.	.
With	IN
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
individualized	JJ
approach	NN
,	,
and	CC
using	VBG
electrodermal	JJ
tests	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
always	RB
find	VB
out	RP
why	WRB
a	DT
patient	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
problems	NNS
they	PRP
have	VBP
,	,
and	CC
find	VB
ways	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
.	.
To	TO
find	VB
out	RP
more	JJR
about	IN
whether	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
or	CC
not	RB
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
I	PRP
practice	VBP
,	,
please	VB
visit	NN
www.aruraclinic.com	NN
,	,
and	CC
especially	RB
read	VB
the	DT
pages	NNS
called	VBN
Ways	NNP
To	TO
Help	VB
,	,
Deep	NNP
Healing	NNP
,	,
Natural	NNP
Mind	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Electrodermal	NNP
Tests	NNPS
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
free	JJ
introductory	JJ
consultations	NNS
,	,
phone	NN
and	CC
email	NN
consults	VBZ
,	,
Deep	NNP
Healing	NNP
Programs	NNP
,	,
and	CC
programs	NNS
for	IN
visiting	VBG
patients	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
and	CC
nutrition	NN
consultant	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
there	EX
are	VBP
no	DT
good	JJ
or	CC
bad	JJ
foods	NNS
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
true	JJ
freedom	NN
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
eating	VBG
what	WP
you	PRP
want	VBP
,	,
when	WRB
you	PRP
want	VBP
without	IN
fear	NN
and	CC
guilt	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
mission	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
come	VB
along	IN
side	NN
you	PRP
and	CC
walk	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
true	JJ
freedom	NN
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
nutrition	NN
education	NN
,	,
one	CD
to	TO
one	CD
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
,	,
and	CC
experiential	JJ
therapies	NNS
.	.
Long	JJ
time	NN
nutritionist	NN
,	,
yoga	NN
instructor	NN
and	CC
coach	NN
:	:
Nutritionist	NNP
Jen	NNP
Blackert	NNP
practices	NNS
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
beyond	IN
the	DT
typical	JJ
what	WP
to	TO
eat	VB
and	CC
what	WP
not	RB
to	TO
eat	VB
.	.
I	PRP
focus	VBP
on	IN
what	WP
to	TO
do	VB
when	WRB
we	PRP
know	VBP
what	WP
we	PRP
SHOULD	MD
DO	VB
.	.
The	DT
Anxiety	NN
&	CC
Stress	NN
Management	NNP
Institute	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
facility	NN
offering	NN
specialized	VBN
treatment	NN
for	IN
anxiety	NN
and	CC
stress	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
have	VBP
a	DT
solid	JJ
team	NN
of	IN
over	IN
30	CD
therapists	NNS
with	IN
every	DT
other	JJ
kind	NN
of	IN
specialty	NN
.	.
We	PRP
believe	VBP
in	IN
treating	VBG
the	DT
whole	JJ
person	NN
and	CC
,	,
therefore	RB
,	,
provide	VBP
additional	JJ
services	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
,	,
yoga	NN
,	,
meditation	NN
classes	NNS
,	,
massage	NN
,	,
and	CC
biofeedback	NN
.	.
Please	VB
see	VB
our	PRP$
website	NN
at	IN
www.StressMgt.net	NNP
.	.
Kristen	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
licensed	JJ
psychotherapist	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
recovery	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
and	CC
obesity	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
both	CC
the	DT
physiological	JJ
and	CC
psychological	JJ
aspects	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
several	JJ
organizations	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
health	NN
field	NN
including	VBG
the	DT
National	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Association	NNP
and	CC
International	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Professionals	NNPS
.	.
Residing	VBG
in	IN
Beverly	NNP
Hills	NNP
,	,
Kristen	NNP
also	RB
has	VBZ
over	IN
10	CD
years	NNS
experience	NN
as	IN
a	DT
nutritionist	NN
.	.
In	IN
collaboration	NN
with	IN
world-renowned	JJ
endocrinologist	NN
,	,
Calvin	NNP
Ezrin	NNP
,	,
she	PRP
co-authored	VBD
Your	PRP$
Fat	NNP
Can	MD
Make	VB
You	PRP
Thin	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Lowell	NNP
House	NNP
,	,
2000	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
which	WDT
is	VBZ
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
guide	NN
to	TO
weight	VB
loss	NN
focusing	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
role	NN
of	IN
hormonal	JJ
and	CC
neurotransmitter	NN
imbalances	NNS
in	IN
obesity	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
the	DT
author	NN
of	IN
The	DT
Everday	NNP
Meal	NNP
Planner	NNP
for	IN
Type	NNP
2	CD
Diabetes	NNP
:	:
Simple	NN
Tips	NNP
for	IN
Healthy	JJ
Dining	NN
at	IN
Home	NNP
and	CC
On	IN
The	DT
Town	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
McGraw-Hill	NNP
,	,
2002	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Kristen	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
speaker	NN
at	IN
several	JJ
weight	NN
loss	NN
seminars	NNS
sponsored	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Diabetes	NNP
Care	NNP
Center	NNP
of	IN
Tarzana	NNP
and	CC
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
frequent	JJ
guest	NN
on	IN
KRLA	NNP
's	POS
Healthy	JJ
Advice	NNP
with	IN
Dr.	NNP
Gene	NNP
Steiner	NNP
.	.
Along	IN
with	IN
Dr.	NNP
Calvin	NNP
Ezrin	NNP
,	,
she	PRP
has	VBZ
also	RB
appeared	VBN
on	IN
FOX	NN
Midday	NN
Sunday	NNP
to	TO
discuss	VB
obesity	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
treatment	NN
.	.
Kristen	NNP
also	RB
participates	VBZ
in	IN
educational	JJ
outreach	NN
programs	NNS
with	IN
adolescents	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
range	NN
of	IN
topics	NNS
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
we	PRP
are	VBP
seeing	VBG
obesity	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
behaviors	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
rise	NN
,	,
Kristen	NNP
Caron	NNP
's	POS
insight	NN
into	IN
treating	VBG
these	DT
serious	JJ
problems	NNS
is	VBZ
in	IN
great	JJ
demand	NN
.	.
Through	IN
nurturing	VBG
care	NN
and	CC
applied	VBD
expertise	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
Kristen	NNP
's	POS
ongoing	JJ
commitment	NN
to	TO
help	VB
people	NNS
with	IN
these	DT
often	RB
misunderstood	VBN
and	CC
minimized	VBN
problems	NNS
understand	VBP
why	WRB
they	PRP
have	VBP
struggled	VBN
with	IN
obesity	NN
and\/or	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
help	VB
them	PRP
unlock	VB
their	PRP$
potential	NN
for	IN
a	DT
healthier	RBR
self	NN
.	.
Individual	JJ
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
or	CC
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
Provides	VBZ
Resting	NNP
Metabolic	NNP
Rate	NNP
Testing	NNP
using	VBG
state-of-the-art	JJ
equipment	NN
.	.
This	DT
test	NN
provides	VBZ
an	DT
accurate	JJ
assessment	NN
of	IN
an	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
calorie	NN
requirements	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
personalized	JJ
meal	NN
plan	NN
.	.
Ani	NNP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
individual	JJ
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
management	NN
.	.
By	IN
providing	VBG
a	DT
caring	NN
and	CC
supportive	JJ
environment	NN
,	,
she	PRP
helps	VBZ
clients	NNS
achieve	VB
lifestyle	NN
goals	NNS
,	,
empowerment	NN
and	CC
well	RB
being	VBG
.	.
She	PRP
provides	VBZ
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
to	TO
women	NNS
,	,
men	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
body	NN
size	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
offers	VBZ
nutrition	NN
education	NN
and	CC
experimental	JJ
groups	NNS
,	,
meal	NN
support	NN
outings	NNS
and	CC
grocery	NN
guidance	NN
in	IN
a	DT
group	NN
or	CC
individual	JJ
format	NN
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
counsels	VBZ
individuals	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
PCOS	NNP
,	,
obesity	NN
or	CC
those	DT
who	WP
want	VBP
to	TO
adopt	VB
a	DT
healthier	RBR
lifestyle	NN
.	.
Amy	NNP
Jaffe	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
nationally	RB
registered	VBN
,	,
state	NN
licensed	VBD
nutrition	NN
professional	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
practicing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
nutrion	NN
for	IN
over	IN
20	CD
years	NNS
,	,
specializing	VBG
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
weight-related	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
provided	VBN
numerous	JJ
presntations	NNS
and	CC
interviews	NNS
locally	RB
and	CC
nationally	RB
,	,
on	IN
radio	NN
,	,
tv	NN
and	CC
print	NN
media	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
teaches	VBZ
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
and	CC
comunication	NN
skills	NNS
classes	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
the	DT
Director	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Graduate	NN
Dietetic	NNP
Internship	NNP
Program	NNP
at	IN
Florida	NNP
International	NNP
University	NNP
in	IN
Miami	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
co-author	NN
of	IN
the	DT
published	VBN
textbook	NN
,	,
``	``
Nutrition	NNP
Counseling	NN
and	CC
Communication	NNP
Skills	NNS
''	''
,	,
used	VBN
in	IN
universities	NNS
to	TO
train	VB
nutrition	NN
students	NNS
.	.
``	``
Myapproach	NNP
is	VBZ
highly	RB
individualized	JJ
,	,
holistic	JJ
and	CC
my	PRP$
style	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
collaborate	VB
with	IN
clients	NNS
rather	RB
than	IN
dictate	VB
to	TO
them	PRP
using	VBG
a	DT
nondiet	JJ
approach	NN
and	CC
philosophy	NN
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
'm	VBP
a	DT
Registered	NNP
Dietitian	NNP
with	IN
my	PRP$
training	NN
and	CC
interests	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
weight	NN
management	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
helped	VBN
thousands	NNS
of	IN
people	NNS
modify	VBP
their	PRP$
behaviors	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
work	VB
towards	IN
a	DT
healthier	RBR
lifestyle	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
utilizes	VBZ
small	JJ
behavior	NN
changes	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
proper	JJ
nutrition	NN
and	CC
exercise	NN
while	IN
building	VBG
a	DT
strong	JJ
foundation	NN
of	IN
self-esteem	NN
,	,
social	JJ
support	NN
,	,
self-awareness	NN
,	,
and	CC
communication	NN
skills	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
welcome	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
call	VB
and	CC
interview	VB
me	PRP
for	IN
a	DT
position	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
health	NN
care	NN
team	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
someone	NN
who	WP
struggles	VBZ
with	IN
her	PRP$
weight	NN
and	CC
obsessive	JJ
thoughts	NNS
about	IN
food	NN
,	,
wonder	VB
how	WRB
much	JJ
to	TO
eat	VB
,	,
when	WRB
,	,
what	WP
to	TO
choose	VB
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
nourish	VB
the	DT
body	NN
without	IN
becoming	VBG
even	RB
more	RBR
obsessed	VBN
with	IN
food	NN
...	:
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
someone	NN
who	WP
wants	VBZ
to	TO
end	VB
the	DT
vicious	JJ
cycle	NN
of	IN
dieting	NN
,	,
weighing	VBG
yourself	PRP
,	,
having	VBG
good	JJ
and	CC
bad	JJ
food	NN
days	NNS
,	,
of	IN
seeing	VBG
your	PRP$
weight	NN
go	VB
up	RB
and	CC
down	RB
and	CC
up	RB
and	CC
down	RB
and	CC
up	RB
...	:
...	:
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
ready	JJ
to	TO
consult	VB
with	IN
a	DT
nutrition	NN
expert	NN
who	WP
will	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
let	VB
go	VB
of	IN
your	PRP$
food	NN
worries	NNS
and	CC
finally	RB
enjoy	VB
a	DT
healthy	JJ
weight	NN
and	CC
less	JJR
stressful	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
-	:
visit	NN
Nancy	NNP
Nutrition	NNP
Consulting	NNP
in	IN
Westwood	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
come	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
right	JJ
place	NN
.	.
Let	VB
Nancy	NNP
Ling	NNP
,	,
RD	NNP
work	NN
with	IN
you	PRP
in	IN
a	DT
comfortable	JJ
,	,
supportive	JJ
environment	NN
,	,
using	VBG
targeted	VBN
techniques	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
let	VB
go	VB
of	IN
behaviors	NNS
that	WDT
do	VBP
n't	RB
serve	VB
you	PRP
any	DT
longer	JJR
,	,
so	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
finally	RB
live	VB
the	DT
life	NN
you	PRP
want	VBP
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
body	NN
that	WDT
makes	VBZ
you	PRP
feel	VBP
good	JJ
.	.
Affordable	JJ
rates	NNS
make	VBP
getting	VBG
the	DT
nutrition	NN
care	NN
you	PRP
need	VBP
,	,
accessible	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
Conveniently	RB
located	VBN
at	IN
1328	CD
Westwood	NNP
Boulevard	NNP
,	,
Suite	NNP
3	CD
,	,
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
,	,
CA	NNP
90024	CD
.	.
We	PRP
're	VBP
2	CD
blocks	NNS
south	RB
of	IN
Wilshire	NNP
,	,
near	IN
Borders	NNP
Books	NNPS
.	.
Debra	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Masters	NNP
level	NN
registered	VBD
dietitian	NN
with	IN
15	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Phoenix	NNP
metro	NN
area	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
worked	VBN
in	IN
both	DT
the	DT
inpatient	NN
and	CC
outpatient	NN
setting	NN
.	.
Vivian	NNP
Delman	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian\/nutritionist	NN
and	CC
holds	VBZ
a	DT
masters	NNS
degree	NN
in	IN
clinical	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
She	PRP
works	VBZ
with	IN
women	NNS
,	,
men	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
integrates	VBZ
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
and	CC
therapy	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
sessions	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
coaches	NNS
people	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
healthier	RBR
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
and	CC
exercise	NN
.	.
Specialized	NNP
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
and	CC
overexercising	NN
.	.
Intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
program	NN
,	,
group	NN
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
individual	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
family	NN
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
and	CC
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
an	DT
individualized	JJ
non-diet	JJ
approach	NN
with	IN
the	DT
motivation	NN
and	CC
support	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
in	IN
your	PRP$
process	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
work	VB
together	RB
to	TO
develop	VB
goals	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
feel	VBP
comfortable	JJ
working	VBG
towards	IN
.	.
Wekiva	NNP
Springs	NNP
Wellness	NNP
Center	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
30	CD
-	:
day	NN
residential	JJ
facililty	NN
providing	VBG
exclusive	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
alcoholism	NN
,	,
drug	NN
dependency	NN
and\/or	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
completely	RB
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
women	NNS
's	POS
issues	NNS
and	CC
recovery	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
program	NN
takes	VBZ
a	DT
more	RBR
hollistic	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
treatment	NN
incorporating	VBG
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
educational	JJ
,	,
recerational	JJ
,	,
and	CC
theraputic	JJ
sessions	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
teach	VB
the	DT
skills	NNS
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
right	JJ
choices	NNS
on	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
,	,
towards	IN
living	VBG
a	DT
healthier	RBR
life	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
or	CC
someone	NN
you	PRP
know	VBP
is	VBZ
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
or	CC
addiction	NN
,	,
please	VB
call	NN
Wekiva	NNP
Springs	NNP
Wellness	NNP
toll	NN
free	JJ
1-877-339-6636	CD
for	IN
a	DT
free	JJ
consultation	NN
.	.
I	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
nutritional	JJ
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
in	IN
sports	NNS
nutrition	NN
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
nutrition	NN
in	IN
complementary	JJ
care	NN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
treatment	NN
in	IN
an	DT
outpatient	NN
setting	NN
,	,
both	DT
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
and	CC
as	IN
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
New	NNP
Orleans	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
http://www.centerforeatingdisorders.com	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
One	CD
on	IN
one	CD
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
in	IN
a	DT
womens	NNS
clinic	NN
for	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
bulimia	NN
,	,
anorexia	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBN
over	IN
20	CD
years	NNS
experience	NN
with	IN
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
also	RB
a	DT
creative	JJ
expressive	JJ
arts	NNS
therapist	NN
and	CC
use	NN
different	JJ
tools	NNS
in	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
cope	VB
with	IN
feelings	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
bill	VB
some	DT
insurances	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
a	DT
very	RB
reasonable	JJ
cost	NN
per	IN
hour	NN
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
insurance	NN
coverage	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
Masters	NNP
level	NN
Registered	NNP
Dietitian	NNP
and	CC
Certified	NNP
Personal	NNP
Trainer	NNP
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
,	,
specializing	VBG
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
for	IN
14	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
with	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
ranging	VBG
from	IN
champion	NN
Olympic	NNP
athletes	NNS
and	CC
highly	RB
esteemed	VBN
public	JJ
figures	NNS
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
average	JJ
housewife	NN
and	CC
teenager	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
learn	VB
to	TO
live	VB
in	IN
peace	NN
with	IN
food	NN
,	,
but	CC
you	PRP
need	VBP
the	DT
proper	JJ
tools	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
conduct	VBP
both	DT
individuals	NNS
and	CC
group	NN
sessions	NNS
for	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
also	RB
a	DT
Christian	JJ
Counselor	NN
for	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
interested	JJ
in	IN
biblical	JJ
help	NN
for	IN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
food	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
All	DT
faiths	NNS
and	CC
people	NNS
are	VBP
welcome	JJ
to	TO
my	PRP$
practice	NN
.	.
All	DT
information	NN
is	VBZ
confidential	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Collaborative	NNP
provides	VBZ
high	JJ
quality	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
A	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
excellent	JJ
healing	NN
modalities	NNS
include	VBP
nutrition	NN
,	,
expressive	JJ
arts	NNS
,	,
and	CC
stress	NN
reduction	NN
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
supportive	JJ
environment	NN
,	,
the	DT
harmful	JJ
defenses	NNS
of	IN
fear	NN
,	,
shame	NN
,	,
isolation	NN
,	,
and	CC
numbness	NN
transform	VBP
into	IN
experiences	NNS
of	IN
confidence	NN
,	,
aliveness	NN
,	,
peace	NN
,	,
and	CC
freedom	NN
.	.
I	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
treatment	NN
of	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
assist	VB
in	IN
achievement	NN
of	IN
a	DT
successful	JJ
recovery	NN
by	IN
providing	VBG
nutritional	JJ
education	NN
in	IN
a	DT
sincere	JJ
yet	RB
professional	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
Registered	NNP
Dietitian	NNP
working	VBG
with	IN
individuals	NNS
seeking	VBG
to	TO
recover	VB
from	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulima	NN
and	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
With	IN
over	IN
15	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
as	IN
a	DT
dietitian	NN
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
help	VB
to	TO
empower	VB
you	PRP
towards	IN
a	DT
healthy	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
your	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
Registered	NNP
Dietitian\/Exercise	NNP
Physiologist	NNP
I	PRP
provide	VBP
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
to	TO
those	DT
who	WP
struggle	VBP
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
I	PRP
treat	VBP
all	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
take	VBP
a	DT
wellness	JJ
approach	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
exercise	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
when	WRB
appropriate	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
nutrition	NN
,	,
stress	NN
management	NN
and	CC
mental	JJ
well	RB
being	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
treatment	NN
on	IN
an	DT
outpatient	NN
basis	NN
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
full	JJ
array	NN
of	IN
individual	JJ
,	,
group	NN
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
adults	NNS
by	IN
nine	CD
experienced	JJ
clinicians	NNS
.	.
An	DT
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
program	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
IOP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
available	JJ
for	IN
those	DT
needing	VBG
a	DT
step	NN
above	IN
once-a-week	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
psychological	JJ
,	,
dietary	JJ
,	,
and	CC
exercise	NN
therapies	NNS
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
childhood	NN
and	CC
adult	NN
obesity	NN
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
DBT	NNP
Skills	NNS
Training	VBG
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
current	JJ
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
by	IN
your	PRP$
therapist	NN
or	CC
ours	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
the	DT
Shapedown	NNP
program	NN
--	:
the	DT
nation	NN
's	POS
leading	VBG
weight	NN
management	NN
program	NN
for	IN
ages	NNS
6-18	CD
.	.
Our	PRP$
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
program	NN
provides	VBZ
a	DT
stable	JJ
,	,
loving	JJ
and	CC
caring	VBG
environment	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
clients	NNS
attend	VBP
for	IN
3	CD
hours	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
3	CD
to	TO
4	CD
times	NNS
per	IN
week	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
includes	VBZ
group	NN
therapy	NN
and	CC
education	NN
on	IN
topics	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
nutrition	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
healthy	JJ
relationships	NNS
and	CC
much	RB
more	RBR
.	.
Our	PRP$
clients	NNS
are	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
obtain	VB
the	DT
goal	NN
of	IN
long-term	JJ
recovery	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
acknowledge	VBP
and	CC
will	MD
strive	VB
to	TO
help	VB
the	DT
client	NN
work	NN
on	IN
resolving	VBG
any	DT
underlying	VBG
core	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
may	MD
include	VB
anxiety	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
bi-polar	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
In	IN
that	DT
attempt	NN
,	,
we	PRP
will	MD
provide	VB
traditional	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
adults	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
emphasis	NN
on	IN
maintaining	VBG
long-term	JJ
recovery	NN
through	IN
innovative	JJ
methodologies	NNS
and	CC
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
planning	NN
.	.
At	IN
Advanced	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
we	PRP
understand	VBP
that	DT
high	JJ
quality	NN
recovery	NN
services	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
and	CC
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
available	JJ
only	RB
for	IN
the	DT
rich	JJ
and	CC
famous	JJ
.	.
At	IN
many	JJ
facilities	NNS
,	,
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
approaches	NNS
that	IN
of	IN
a	DT
major	JJ
surgery	NN
.	.
To	TO
that	DT
end	NN
,	,
Advanced	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
strive	VBP
to	TO
maintain	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
cost	VBN
effective	JJ
yet	RB
comprehensive	JJ
and	CC
successful	JJ
program	NN
possible	JJ
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
every	DT
income	NN
strata	NN
.	.
Casa	NNP
Serena	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
evening	NN
program	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
18	CD
yrs	NNS
of	IN
age	NN
and	CC
older	JJR
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
an	DT
individualized	JJ
plan	NN
for	IN
recovery	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
:	:
Individual	NNP
,	,
Couple	NN
and	CC
Family	NNP
therapy	NN
,	,
Dietary	NNP
Consultations	NNP
,	,
a	DT
dinner	NN
meal	NN
each	DT
evening	NN
and	CC
8	CD
issue	NN
specific	JJ
groups	NNS
each	DT
week	NN
to	TO
help	VB
develop	VB
the	DT
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
necessary	JJ
for	IN
healing	NN
from	IN
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
provide	VBP
consultation	NN
and	CC
educational	JJ
services	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
professional	JJ
and	CC
to	TO
the	DT
general	JJ
public	NN
through	IN
our	PRP$
Free	NNP
Community	NNP
Education	NNP
and	CC
Support	NN
Group	NNP
which	WDT
meets	VBZ
bi-monthly	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Family	NNP
Therapy	NNP
Institute	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
private	JJ
outpaitent	NN
treatment	NN
center	NN
that	WDT
offers	VBZ
Brief-Strategic	NNP
Therapy	NNP
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Treatment	NNP
is	VBZ
brief	JJ
,	,
focused	VBD
,	,
and	CC
effective	JJ
for	IN
binge	NN
eating	NN
,	,
restricting	VBG
,	,
and	CC
vomiting	VBG
related	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
Intensive	JJ
Outpatient	NNP
Treatment	NNP
program	NN
foradults	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
bulimia	NN
,	,
anorexia	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
Smallgroups	NNS
meet	VBP
3	CD
times	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
for	IN
15	CD
weeks	NNS
.	.
Groups	NNS
are	VBP
facilitated	VBN
by	IN
licensed	JJ
clinicians	NNS
andnutritionists	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
accept	VBP
most	RBS
insurance	NN
.	.
Ouroffice	NNP
is	VBZ
located	VBN
in	IN
Sherman	NNP
Oaks	NNP
.	.
Christian	NNP
Psychotherapy	NNP
Services	NNPS
looks	VBZ
to	TO
serve	VB
those	DT
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
group	NN
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
suffering	VBG
from	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
patterns	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
Counseling	NN
&	CC
Health	NNP
Resources	NNPS
,	,
Inc.	NNP
located	VBN
in	IN
Seattle	NNP
,	,
WA	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
providing	VBG
counseling	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
22	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Unlike	IN
other	JJ
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
programs	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
group-focused	JJ
,	,
our	PRP$
Specialized	NNP
Intensive	NNP
Treatment	NNP
focus	NN
on	IN
providing	VBG
an	DT
individual	NN
,	,
one-one-one	NN
,	,
counseling	VBG
experience	NN
.	.
Even	RB
with	IN
this	DT
individualized	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
care	NN
,	,
our	PRP$
Intensive	NNP
Recovery	NNP
Programs	NNP
are	VBP
offered	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
fraction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
most	JJS
in-patient	JJ
,	,
hospital-based	JJ
programs	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
housing	NN
arrangements	NNS
for	IN
clients	NNS
coming	VBG
from	IN
areas	NNS
outside	IN
of	IN
Washington	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
numerous	JJ
testimonials	NNS
of	IN
previous	JJ
clients	NNS
.	.
Go	VB
to	TO
our	PRP$
website	NN
to	TO
read	VB
them	PRP
.	.
The	DT
Wellness	NNP
Program	NN
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
South	NNP
Florida	NNP
provides	VBZ
affordable	JJ
outpatient	NN
therapy	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
aged	VBN
16	CD
&	CC
over	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
adults	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
,	,
weight	NN
,	,
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
disturbance	NN
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
assessment	NN
and	CC
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
plan	NN
using	VBG
a	DT
mulitdisciplinary	JJ
approach	NN
.	.
ModoSano	NNP
Counselling	NNP
&	CC
Consulting	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
outpatient	NN
agency	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
addictive	JJ
disorders	NNS
including	VBG
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
co-occurance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
two	CD
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
interested	JJ
in	IN
moving	VBG
towards	IN
a	DT
healthier	RBR
life	NN
,	,
we	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
expertise	NN
to	TO
help	VB
.	.
Cambridge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Center	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CEDC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
program	NN
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Specialized	NNP
outpatient	NN
services	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
for	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
both	DT
male	NN
and	CC
female	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
Center	NNP
is	VBZ
staffed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
multidisciplinary	JJ
team	NN
of	IN
psychiatrists	NNS
,	,
psychologists	NNS
,	,
social	JJ
workers	NNS
,	,
counselors	NNS
and	CC
dieticians	NNS
who	WP
work	VBP
closely	RB
together	RB
to	TO
ensure	VB
the	DT
highest	JJS
level	NN
of	IN
care	NN
.	.
The	DT
Center	NNP
's	POS
director	NN
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Seda	NNP
Ebrahimi	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
well-known	JJ
specialist	NN
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
former	JJ
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Program	NNP
at	IN
McLean	NNP
Hospital	NNP
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
an	DT
instructor	NN
at	IN
Harvard	NNP
University	NNP
.	.
The	DT
mission	NN
of	IN
CEDC	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
in	IN
a	DT
community	NN
setting	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
aim	NN
of	IN
preventing	VBG
hospitalization	NN
.	.
CEDC	NNP
provides	VBZ
consultation	NN
,	,
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
group	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
family	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
,	,
medication	NN
evaluation	NN
and	CC
management	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
monthly	JJ
Family\/Friends	NNS
support	VBP
group	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
outpatient	NN
servcies	NNS
,	,
CEDC	NNP
offers	VBZ
an	DT
Intensive	JJ
Outpatient	NNP
Program	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
IOP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
which	WDT
involves	VBZ
three	CD
hours	NNS
per	IN
evening	NN
,	,
five	CD
days	NNS
per	IN
week	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
The	DT
treatment	NN
program	NN
includes	VBZ
supervision	NN
of	IN
dinner	NN
,	,
psychoeducational	JJ
experience	NN
,	,
therapy	NN
,	,
and	CC
support	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
IOP	NNP
Program	NNP
has	VBZ
two	CD
separate	JJ
tracks	NNS
,	,
one	CD
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
,	,
ages	NNS
12-17	RB
,	,
and	CC
one	CD
for	IN
adults	NNS
,	,
ages	NNS
18	CD
and	CC
older	JJR
.	.
Lees	NNP
Psychological	NNP
Services	NNPS
offers	VBZ
expert	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
experiencing	VBG
eating	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
treatment	NN
staff	NN
includes	VBZ
a	DT
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
,	,
registered	VBN
nurse	NN
,	,
psychotherapist	NN
and	CC
a	DT
dietician	NN
with	IN
over	IN
50	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
combined	VBN
experience	NN
.	.
We	PRP
believe	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
team	NN
approach	NN
to	TO
treatment	NN
and	CC
only	RB
refer	VBP
to	TO
physicians	NNS
and	CC
psychiatrists	NNS
who	WP
also	RB
have	VBP
expertise	NN
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
believe	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
biopsychosocial	JJ
model	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
treating	VBG
the	DT
medical\/physical	NN
,	,
emotional	JJ
,	,
and	CC
environmental	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
,	,
chronic	JJ
dieting	NN
,	,
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
dissatisfaction	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
believe	VBP
that	IN
full	JJ
recovery	NN
and	CC
life	NN
without	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
absolutely	RB
possible	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
overall	JJ
goal	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
free	JJ
,	,
professionally	RB
facilitated	VBD
support	NN
group	NN
that	WDT
meets	VBZ
every	DT
Saturday	NNP
from	IN
10:00	CD
-	:
11:30	CD
a.m.	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
for	IN
males	NNS
and	CC
females	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
,	,
family	NN
,	,
friends	NNS
,	,
spouses	NNS
and	CC
concerned	JJ
others	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
the	DT
VITALIZE	NNP
Program	NNP
for	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
overweight	JJ
and	CC
experiencing	VBG
medical	JJ
problems	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
heart	NN
disease	NN
,	,
diabetes	NN
,	,
high	JJ
blood	NN
pressure	NN
,	,
high	JJ
cholesterol	NN
and	CC
high	JJ
triglycerides	NNS
.	.
A	DT
non-diet	JJ
approach	NN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
for	IN
weight	NN
management	NN
and	CC
intervention	NN
with	IN
medical	JJ
complications	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
weight	NN
.	.
All	DT
staff	NN
regularly	RB
attend	VB
local	JJ
,	,
national	JJ
and	CC
international	JJ
conferences	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
maintain	VB
the	DT
highest	JJS
level	NN
of	IN
expertise	NN
and	CC
knowledge	NN
of	IN
state	NN
of	IN
the	DT
art	NN
research	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
available	JJ
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
provides	VBZ
individualized	JJ
,	,
comprehensive	JJ
treatment	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
latest	JJS
empirical	JJ
research	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
begins	VBZ
with	IN
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
evaluation	NN
,	,
consisting	VBG
of	IN
an	DT
interview	NN
of	IN
the	DT
affected	JJ
individual	NN
,	,
psychological	JJ
questionnaires	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
gathering	NN
of	IN
external	JJ
medical	JJ
information	NN
.	.
Family	NNP
members	NNS
are	VBP
strongly	RB
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
initial	JJ
assessment	NN
and	CC
with	IN
subsequent	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
our	PRP$
Intensive	NNP
Outpatient	NNP
Program	NNP
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
individual	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
on	IN
an	DT
outpatient	NN
basis	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Intensive	NNP
Outpatient	NNP
Program	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ED-IOP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
consists	VBZ
of	IN
three	CD
groups\/day	NN
,	,
five	CD
days\/week	NN
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
treatment	NN
model	NN
.	.
The	DT
ED-IOP	NNP
includes	VBZ
a	DT
therapeutic	JJ
meal	NN
daily	RB
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
10	CD
groups	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
topics	NNS
relevant	JJ
to	TO
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
treatment	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
Body	NNP
Image	NN
,	,
Symptom	NNP
Management	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
ED-IOP	NNP
is	VBZ
run	VBN
by	IN
licensed	JJ
clinical	JJ
psychologists	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
specialists	NNS
.	.
All	DT
treatment	NN
programs	NNS
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
alter	VB
unhealthy	JJ
eating	JJ
practices	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
restricting	VBG
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
,	,
purging	VBG
via	IN
self-induced	JJ
vomiting	VBG
and\/or	CC
laxative	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
and	CC
excessive	JJ
exercise	NN
.	.
While	IN
enhancing	VBG
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
modifying	VBG
disturbances	NNS
in	IN
thinking	NN
,	,
feeling	NN
,	,
and	CC
behaving	VBG
,	,
participants	NNS
also	RB
develop	VBP
improved	VBN
interpersonal	JJ
skills	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
intensively	RB
trained	VBN
DBT	NNP
therapists	NNS
trained	VBN
by	IN
Dr.	NNP
Marsha	NNP
Linehan	NNP
,	,
and	CC
her	PRP$
team	NN
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
complete	JJ
4	CD
component	NN
protocol	NN
DBT	NNP
program	NN
that	WDT
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
treating	VBG
the	DT
multi-disordered	JJ
patient	NN
.	.
We	PRP
teack	VBP
skills	NNS
training	VBG
classes	NNS
in	IN
mindfulness	NN
,	,
emotion	NN
regulation	NN
,	,
interpersonal	JJ
effectiveness	NN
,	,
and	CC
distress	NN
tolerance	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
serious	JJ
illnesses	NNS
of	IN
mind	NN
and	CC
body	NN
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
distorted	JJ
perceptions	NNS
,	,
obsessive	JJ
and	CC
perfectionistic	JJ
thinking	NN
,	,
and	CC
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
.	.
The	DT
multidisciplinary	JJ
approach	NN
used	VBD
to	TO
treat	VB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
at	IN
PsycheSoma	NNP
allows	VBZ
for	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
effective	JJ
treatment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
whole	JJ
person	NN
,	,
making	VBG
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
patient	NN
's	POS
skills	NNS
and	CC
interests	NNS
,	,
while	IN
working	VBG
to	TO
strengthen	VB
weak	JJ
areas	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
ED	JJ
sufferers	NNS
are	VBP
knowledgeable	JJ
about	IN
nutrition	NN
and	CC
fitness	NN
,	,
but	CC
their	PRP$
ideas	NNS
are	VBP
usually	RB
combinations	NNS
of	IN
correct	JJ
and	CC
incorrect	JJ
information	NN
.	.
The	DT
passion	NN
for	IN
fitness	NN
can	MD
be	VB
seen	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
positive	JJ
side	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
but	CC
one	CD
that	WDT
is	VBZ
overwhelmed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
unhealthy\/obsessional	JJ
pursuit	NN
of	IN
thinness	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
perfectionistic	JJ
and	CC
depressogenic	JJ
self-concept	NN
.	.
The	DT
PsycheSoma	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
includes	VBZ
Nutritional	NNP
Counseling	NN
,	,
Fitness	NNP
Evaluation	NNP
and	CC
Education	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Psychotherapy	NNP
.	.
Analysis	NN
of	IN
body	NN
composition	NN
and	CC
metabolic	JJ
rate	NN
are	VBP
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
assessment	NN
.	.
Sevices	NNS
are	VBP
provided	VBN
by	IN
professionals	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
psychology	NN
,	,
nutrition	NN
and	CC
exercise	NN
physiology	NN
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
expert	JJ
supervision	NN
in	IN
healthy	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
exercise	NN
,	,
and	CC
psychological	JJ
services	NNS
including	VBG
any	DT
or	CC
all	DT
of	IN
:	:
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
couple	NN
or	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
integrated	VBN
approach	NN
provides	VBZ
patients	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
greatest	JJS
chance	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
and	CC
maintenance	NN
.	.
Individualized	VBN
outpatient	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Formerly	RB
Comprehensive	JJ
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
in	IN
California	NNP
for	IN
12	CD
years	NNS
,	,
now	RB
in	IN
Kansas	NNP
for	IN
3	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Primary	JJ
providers	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
services	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
students	NNS
at	IN
KU	NNP
,	,
the	DT
city	NN
of	IN
Lawrence	NNP
,	,
and	CC
most	JJS
areas	NNS
of	IN
Kansas	NNP
.	.
Services	NNPS
include	VBP
online	JJ
support	NN
and	CC
workbooks	NNS
on	IN
CD	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
strive	VBP
to	TO
serve	VB
everyone	NN
and	CC
fees	NNS
are	VBP
adjusted	VBN
based	VBN
on	IN
ability	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
info	NN
please	VB
call	NN
or	CC
email	NN
.	.
Future	NNP
Road	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
outpatient	NN
center	NN
based	VBN
at	IN
TherapyWorks	NNP
in	IN
Grange	NNP
,	,
Queensland	NNP
,	,
Australia	NNP
,	,
a	DT
suburb	NN
of	IN
Brisbane	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
CBT-based	JJ
counselling	NN
with	IN
a	DT
Montreux	NNP
orientation	NN
for	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
fortnightly	JJ
support	NN
groups	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
currently	RB
looking	VBG
at	IN
increasing	VBG
the	DT
number	NN
and	CC
frequency	NN
of	IN
support	NN
groups	NNS
according	VBG
to	TO
demand	VB
.	.
Workshops	NNS
and	CC
supervision	NN
for	IN
counselling	NN
professionals	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
.	.
Abigail	NNP
H.	NNP
Natenshon	NNP
,	,
MA	NNP
LCSW	NNP
BCD	NNP
a	DT
recognized	VBN
psychotherapist	NN
,	,
author	NN
and	CC
speaker	NN
with	IN
29	CD
years	NNS
expertise	NN
,	,
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
with	IN
individuals	NNS
,	,
families	NNS
and	CC
groups	NNS
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Natenshon	NNP
contends	VBZ
that	IN
though	IN
not	RB
the	DT
cause	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
child	NN
's	POS
illness	NN
,	,
parents	NNS
are	VBP
the	DT
best	JJS
line	NN
of	IN
defense	NN
against	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
as	IN
advocates	NNS
of	IN
prevention	NN
and	CC
recovery	NN
.	.
As	IN
co-founder	NN
and	CC
director	NN
of	IN
``	``
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Specialists	NNPS
of	IN
Illinois	NNP
:	:
A	NNP
Clinic	NNP
Without	IN
Walls	NNP
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
consults	VBZ
with	IN
schools	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
social	JJ
service	NN
organizations	NNS
and	CC
supervises	VBZ
clinicians	NNS
and	CC
graduate	JJ
students	NNS
of	IN
social	JJ
work	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
adjunct	JJ
teaching	NN
faculties	NNS
of	IN
several	JJ
Illinois	NNP
graduate	NN
schools	NNS
of	IN
social	JJ
work	NN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Natenshon	NNP
conducts	VBZ
workshops	NNS
and	CC
lectures	VBZ
widely	RB
on	IN
the	DT
topic	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
published	VBN
widely	RB
in	IN
magazines	NNS
and	CC
newspapers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
has	VBZ
made	VBN
numerous	JJ
appearances	NNS
on	IN
television	NN
,	,
national	JJ
radio	NN
and	CC
the	DT
Internet	NNP
.	.
Her	PRP$
most	RBS
recent	JJ
book	NN
,	,
``	``
When	WRB
Your	PRP$
Child	NNP
Has	VBZ
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
:	:
A	NNP
Step-by-Step	NNP
Workbook	NNP
for	IN
Parents	NNP
and	CC
Other	JJ
Caregivers	NNS
''	''
was	VBD
published	VBN
by	IN
Jossey	NNP
Bass	NNP
Publishers	NNPS
in	IN
October	NNP
1999	CD
.	.
``	``
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Specialists	NNPS
of	IN
Illinois	NNP
''	''
is	VBZ
an	DT
outpatient	NN
multi-disciplinary	JJ
network	NN
of	IN
professionals	NNS
who	WP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Psychotherapists	NNS
,	,
physicians	NNS
,	,
and	CC
nutritionists	NNS
collaborate	VBP
to	TO
provide	VB
diverse	JJ
and	CC
comprehensive	JJ
assessment	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
services	NNS
to	TO
individuals	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
.	.
With	IN
a	DT
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
,	,
psychodynamic	JJ
treatment	NN
approach	NN
and	CC
a	DT
strong	JJ
bias	NN
in	IN
family	NN
systems	NNS
theory	NN
,	,
experts	NNS
who	WP
appreciate	VBP
and	CC
support	VBP
the	DT
role	NN
of	IN
knowledgeable	JJ
parents	NNS
in	IN
preventing	VBG
and	CC
healing	VBG
eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
children	NNS
are	VBP
based	VBN
primarily	RB
in	IN
Chicago	NNP
's	POS
north	NN
shore	NN
.	.
The	DT
group	NN
is	VBZ
affiliated	VBN
with	IN
several	JJ
area	NN
hospitals	NNS
.	.
An	DT
outpatient	NN
multidisciplinary	JJ
team	NN
approach	NN
to	TO
treating	VBG
adolescents	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
team	NN
includes	VBZ
therapists	NNS
,	,
physicians	NNS
,	,
psychiatrists	NNS
,	,
nutritionist	NN
and	CC
hospital	NN
support	NN
services	NNS
.	.
This	DT
specialty	NN
program	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
service	NN
of	IN
Arkansas	NNP
Children	NNP
's	POS
Hospital	NN
and	CC
staffed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
of	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Arkansas	NNP
Medical	NNP
Sciences	NNPS
.	.
Alexian	NNP
Brothers	NNPS
Behavioral	NNP
Health	NNP
Hospital	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
full	JJ
service	NN
psychiatric	JJ
facility	NN
.	.
One	CD
of	IN
our	PRP$
specialty	NN
programs	NNS
is	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
in	IN
both	DT
inpatient	JJ
and	CC
outpatient	NN
settings	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
staff	NN
are	VBP
available	JJ
for	IN
public	JJ
speaking	NN
engagements	NNS
.	.
Presentations	NNS
are	VBP
typically	RB
free	JJ
of	IN
charge	NN
and	CC
limited	VBN
to	TO
staff	NN
availability	NN
.	.
For	IN
information	NN
on	IN
presentations	NNS
call	VBP
the	DT
Business	NNP
Development	NNP
Department	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Arlington	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
provides	VBZ
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
all	DT
forms	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
for	IN
individuals	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
use	VBP
a	DT
multidisiplinary	JJ
team	NN
approach	NN
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
complex	JJ
psychological	JJ
,	,
medical	JJ
,	,
nutritional	JJ
,	,
and	CC
social	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
practice	NN
setting	NN
.	.
Day	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Program	NNP
:	:
Comprehensive	NNP
Day	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Program	NNP
under	IN
the	DT
medical	JJ
supervision	NN
of	IN
a	DT
psychiatrist	NN
.	.
Staff	NNP
include	VBP
clinical	JJ
social	JJ
workers	NNS
,	,
dietician	NN
,	,
nurses	NNS
,	,
art	NN
therapist	NN
,	,
occupational	JJ
therapist	NN
,	,
educators	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
therapists	NNS
.	.
Program	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
five	CD
week	NN
program	NN
but	CC
does	VBZ
operate	VB
with	IN
a	DT
variable	JJ
length	NN
of	IN
stay	NN
depending	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
assessment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
patient	NN
.	.
Accepting	VBG
new	JJ
patients	NNS
...	:
please	VB
inquire	NN
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
most	RBS
comprehensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
program	NN
in	IN
the	DT
city	NN
of	IN
Chicago	NNP
.	.
Our	PRP$
program	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
a	DT
multi-faceted	JJ
approach	NN
that	WDT
attacks	VBZ
the	DT
problem	NN
wholistically	RB
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
:	:
Individual	NNP
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
individual	JJ
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
,	,
individual	JJ
psychiatric	JJ
evaluations	NNS
and	CC
medication	NN
management	NN
,	,
individual	JJ
art	NN
&	CC
\/	NN
or	CC
movement	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
couples	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
have	VBP
group	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
free	JJ
support	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
art	NN
therapy	NN
and	CC
movement	NN
therapy	NN
groups	NNS
.	.
A	DT
free	JJ
newsletter	NN
with	IN
articles	NNS
on	IN
various	JJ
health	NN
and	CC
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
recovery	NN
will	MD
be	VB
sent	VBN
to	TO
you	PRP
if	IN
you	PRP
email	VBP
us	PRP
your	PRP$
mailing	NN
address	NN
.	.
We	PRP
accept	VBP
many	JJ
PPO	NNP
insurance	NN
,	,
some	DT
HMO	NNP
's	POS
and	CC
also	RB
offer	VBP
a	DT
sliding	VBG
fee	NN
if	IN
insurance	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
an	DT
option	NN
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
day	NN
,	,
evening	NN
and	CC
weekend	NN
hours	NNS
available	JJ
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
4	CD
therapists	NNS
,	,
1	CD
psychiatrist	NN
and	CC
2	CD
nutritionists	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
We	PRP
each	DT
have	VBP
extensive	JJ
training	NN
and	CC
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
women	NNS
and	CC
men	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Brattleboro	NNP
Retreat	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
regional	JJ
,	,
comprehensive	JJ
hospital	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
center	NN
,	,
providing	VBG
a	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
diagnostic	JJ
,	,
therapeutic	JJ
and	CC
rehabilitation	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
individuals	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
.	.
Since	IN
1977	CD
,	,
the	DT
Retreat	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
affiliated	VBN
with	IN
Dartmouth	NNP
Medical	NNP
School	NNP
,	,
extending	VBG
its	PRP$
role	NN
as	IN
a	DT
leader	NN
in	IN
education	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
.	.
Canopy	NNP
Cove	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
division	NN
of	IN
Health	NNP
Management	NNP
Institute	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
HMI	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
an	DT
outpatient	NN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
facility	NN
developed	VBN
by	IN
Dr.	NNP
Lynda	NNP
A.	NN
Brogdon	NNP
in	IN
1990	CD
.	.
HMI	NNP
has	VBZ
continued	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
its	PRP$
clients	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
by	IN
expanding	VBG
the	DT
services	NNS
it	PRP
offers	VBZ
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Brogdon	NNP
originally	RB
began	VBD
providing	VBG
traditional	JJ
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
about	IN
10	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
.	.
Recognizing	VBG
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
additional	JJ
care	NN
,	,
she	PRP
began	VBD
to	TO
run	VB
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
groups	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
provide	VB
more	JJR
comprehensive	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
This	DT
care	NN
evolved	VBD
through	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
to	TO
include	VB
the	DT
establishment	NN
of	IN
HMI	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
provides	VBZ
intensive	JJ
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
all	DT
levels	NNS
of	IN
severity	NN
.	.
HMI	NNP
clients	NNS
receive	VBP
treatment	NN
specific	JJ
to	TO
their	PRP$
needs	NNS
;	:
individually	RB
and	CC
in	IN
group	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
for	IN
family	NN
therapy	NN
when	WRB
appropriate	JJ
.	.
Nutritional	NNP
counseling	NN
and	CC
physician	NN
consultation	NN
for	IN
medical	JJ
monitoring	NN
and	CC
medication	NN
management	NN
are	VBP
also	RB
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
approach	NN
at	IN
HMI	NNP
.	.
However	RB
,	,
even	RB
after	IN
these	DT
expansions	NNS
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Brogdon	NNP
believed	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
structured	JJ
residential	JJ
day	NN
treatment	NN
program	NN
would	MD
better	RB
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
many	JJ
HMI	NNP
clients	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
continuing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
endeavor	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
critical	JJ
and	CC
complex	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
clients	NNS
,	,
HMI	NNP
created	VBD
Canopy	NNP
Cove	NNP
-	:
a	DT
residential	JJ
day	NN
treatment	NN
program	NN
.	.
In	IN
developing	VBG
this	DT
program	NN
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Brogdon	NNP
researched	VBD
other	JJ
successful	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
residential	JJ
day	NN
treatment	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
then	RB
combined	VBN
the	DT
most	RBS
therapeutic	JJ
elements	NNS
from	IN
these	DT
examples	NNS
with	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
years	NNS
of	IN
clinical	JJ
experience	NN
to	TO
establish	VB
Canopy	NNP
Cove	NNP
.	.
Private	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Women	NNP
Struggling	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and\/or	CC
Bulimia	NNP
The	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Change	NNP
offers	VBZ
a	DT
multi-disciplinary	JJ
,	,
stepped-care	JJ
treatment	NN
program	NN
exclusively	RB
for	IN
women	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Levels	NNS
of	IN
treatment	NN
include	VBP
inpatient	JJ
care	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
those	DT
needing	VBG
24-hour	JJ
intervention	NN
and	CC
medical	JJ
treatment	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
day	NN
treatment	NN
,	,
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
and	CC
outpatient	NN
care	NN
.	.
Assessments	NNS
and	CC
weekly	JJ
support	NN
groups	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
offered	VBN
.	.
Intensive	JJ
treatment	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
frequent	JJ
individual\/group\/family	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
art\/dance\/recreation	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
and	CC
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
cost-effective	JJ
manner	NN
which	WDT
does	VBZ
not	RB
compromise	VB
treatment	NN
.	.
We	PRP
believe	VBP
in	IN
each	DT
person	NN
's	POS
innate	JJ
capacity	NN
for	IN
healing	NN
and	CC
growth	NN
.	.
With	IN
proper	JJ
help	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
,	,
women	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
have	VBP
an	DT
excellent	JJ
opportunity	NN
for	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
the	DT
first	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
so	RB
far	RB
the	DT
only	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
privately	RB
owned	VBN
non-profit	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
center	NN
in	IN
Finland	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
existed	VBN
since	IN
June	NNP
2002	CD
.	.
We	PRP
currently	RB
offer	VBP
cognitive	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
complementary	JJ
therapies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
individually	RB
tailored	VBN
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
treatments	NNS
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
patients	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
.	.
In	IN
Autumn	NNP
2003	CD
we	PRP
are	VBP
planning	VBG
to	TO
start	VB
a	DT
day	NN
patient	NN
treatment	NN
program	NN
.	.
Outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
adults	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
with	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
food	NN
addiction	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
includes	VBZ
complete	JJ
psychological	JJ
care	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
weekly	JJ
sessions	NNS
:	:
1	LS
.	.
cognitive	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
2	CD
.	.
Neuro	NNP
Linguistic	NNP
Programming	NNP
3	CD
.	.
assertiveness	NN
training	NN
,	,
4	CD
.	.
body	NN
image	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
awareness	NN
,	,
5	CD
.	.
relapse	NN
prevention	NN
6	CD
.	.
EMDR	NNP
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
individualized	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
person	NN
.	.
Staff	NNP
includes	VBZ
:	:
Two	CD
licensed	JJ
professional	JJ
counselors	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
LPC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
LCSW	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
certified	VBN
fitness	NN
trainer	NN
,	,
group	NN
therapist	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
LCSW	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
Individualized	VBN
treatment	NN
plans	NNS
,	,
combined	VBN
with	IN
small	JJ
group	NN
therapy	NN
provide	VBP
a	DT
supportive	JJ
environment	NN
where	WRB
people	NNS
can	MD
practice	VB
new	JJ
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
learn	VB
new	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
relate	VB
to	TO
themselves	PRP
and	CC
others	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Chrysalis	NNP
Center	NNP
believes	VBZ
that	IN
a	DT
supportive	JJ
,	,
healing	NN
environment	NN
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
in	IN
order	NN
for	IN
change	NN
and	CC
growth	NN
to	TO
occur	VB
.	.
We	PRP
seek	VBP
to	TO
offer	VB
such	PDT
an	DT
environment	NN
to	TO
clients	NNS
and	CC
help	VB
them	PRP
create	VB
that	DT
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
therapeutic	JJ
approach	NN
is	VBZ
empathetic	JJ
,	,
nonjudgmental	JJ
and	CC
interpersonal	JJ
in	IN
nature	NN
.	.
We	PRP
strive	VBP
to	TO
help	VB
clients	NNS
understand	VB
themselves	PRP
and	CC
the	DT
roots	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
problems	NNS
,	,
to	TO
identify	VB
dysfunctional	JJ
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
patterns	NNS
,	,
and	CC
develop	VB
more	JJR
effective	JJ
strategies	NNS
for	IN
coping	VBG
.	.
Services	NNPS
Provided	VBN
:	:
Treatment	NNP
is	VBZ
individualized	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
client	NN
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
structured	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
program	NN
for	IN
clients	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
on-site	JJ
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
,	,
close	JJ
collaboration	NN
with	IN
medical	JJ
doctors	NNS
and	CC
psychiatrists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
three	CD
active	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
groups	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
,	,
adults	NNS
,	,
and	CC
gastric	JJ
bypass	NN
clients	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
meet	VBP
on	IN
a	DT
weekly	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
We	PRP
treat	VBP
all	DT
forms	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
males	NNS
and	CC
females	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
ages	NNS
10	CD
and	CC
up	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
Both	DT
psychologists	NNS
are	VBP
licensed	JJ
professionals	NNS
and	CC
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Professionals	NNP
.	.
COPAC	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
JCAHO	NNP
accredited	VBN
addiction	NN
treatment	NN
center	NN
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
treating	VBG
all	DT
kinds	NNS
of	IN
addiction	NN
for	IN
over	IN
20	CD
years	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
do	VBP
have	VB
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
primary	JJ
chemical	NN
dependency	NN
diagnosis	NN
which	WDT
many	JJ
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
people	NNS
do	VBP
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
complete	VB
an	DT
intense	JJ
assessment	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
extent	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
even	RB
if	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
have	VB
a	DT
chemical	NN
dependency	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
any	DT
questions	NNS
or	CC
think	VB
we	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
or	CC
a	DT
loved	VBD
one	CD
,	,
please	VB
call	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
.	.
Highly	NNP
motivating	VBG
and	CC
structured	VBN
individualized	JJ
program	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
which	WDT
include	VBP
individual	JJ
,	,
group	NN
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
multi-family	JJ
support	NN
therapy	NN
groups	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
program	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
passionate	JJ
professionals	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
recovering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
ourselves	PRP
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Manick	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
for	IN
over	IN
twenty-years	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
developed	VBD
the	DT
out-patient	JJ
obesity	NN
program	NN
and	CC
intensive	JJ
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
program	NN
for	IN
the	DT
largest	JJS
HMO	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
.	.
She	PRP
speaks	VBZ
nation	NN
wide	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
subject	JJ
and	CC
was	VBD
the	DT
clinical	JJ
director	NN
for	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
foremost	JJ
in-patient	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
programs	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
We	PRP
are	VBP
committed	VBN
to	TO
treating	VBG
you	PRP
with	IN
respect	NN
and	CC
compassion	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
truly	RB
SO	RB
MUCH	NNP
HOPE	VBP
!	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
imperitive	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
the	DT
right	JJ
treatment	NN
with	IN
knowledgeable	JJ
professionals	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
do	VBP
meal	NN
outings	NNS
,	,
walks	VBZ
and	CC
teach	VB
behavioral	JJ
techniques	NNS
to	TO
conquer	VB
``	``
the	DT
madness	NN
''	''
within	IN
.	.
We	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
with	IN
your	PRP$
commitment	NN
and	CC
our	PRP$
dedication	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
you	PRP
can	MD
move	VB
from	IN
``	``
victim	NN
to	TO
Victor	NNP
!	.
''	''
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
many	JJ
many	JJ
references	NNS
upon	IN
request	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
insurances	NNS
are	VBP
accepted	VBN
.	.
We	PRP
work	VBP
according	VBG
to	TO
your	PRP$
work	NN
and	CC
school	NN
schedule	NN
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
for	IN
free	JJ
20	CD
minute	NN
phone	NN
consultation	NN
.	.
We	PRP
promise	VBP
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
in	IN
any	DT
way	NN
we	PRP
can	MD
...	:
There	EX
truly	RB
is	VBZ
hope	NN
...	:
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
Services	NNP
at	IN
Deaconess-Waltham	NNP
Hospital	NNP
offers	VBZ
a	DT
full	JJ
continuum	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
to	TO
those	DT
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
,	,
and	CC
those	DT
who	WP
care	VBP
for	IN
them	PRP
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
inpatient	JJ
hospital	NN
unit	NN
dedicated	VBN
solely	RB
to	TO
treating	VBG
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
various	JJ
levels	NNS
of	IN
outpatient	NN
service	NN
,	,
including	VBG
individual	JJ
or	CC
group	NN
treatment	NN
,	,
evening	NN
treatment	NN
and	CC
a	DT
structured	JJ
day	NN
treatment	NN
program	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
we	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
free	JJ
monthly	JJ
Saturday	NNP
Support	NN
Group	NNP
for	IN
anyone	NN
interested	JJ
in	IN
support	NN
or	CC
learning	NN
in	IN
relation	NN
to	TO
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
happy	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
information	NN
.	.
Queen	NNP
Elizabeth	NNP
II	NNP
Health	NNP
Sciences	NNPS
Centre	NNP
Provides	VBZ
group	NN
counselling	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
self-help	JJ
\/	NN
support	NN
group	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
on	IN
an	DT
inpatient	NN
,	,
outpatient	NN
and	CC
day	NN
patient	JJ
basis	NN
for	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
.	.
Experienced	VBN
working	VBG
with	IN
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
,	,
incest	NN
survivors	NNS
,	,
weight	NN
preoccupation	NN
food	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
and	CC
men	NNS
.	.
Multidisciplinary	JJ
programs	NNS
,	,
in	IN
patient	NN
and	CC
outpatient	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
family	NN
,	,
marital\/couples	NNS
,	,
medical	JJ
,	,
nutrition	NN
,	,
support	NN
group-families	NNS
,	,
sufferers	NNS
.	.
Experience	NN
working	NN
with	IN
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
and	CC
incest	NN
survivors	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
addictions	NNS
,	,
food	NN
and	CC
weigh	VB
issues	NNS
.	.
Seabrook	NNP
House	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
nationally	RB
recognized	VBN
inpatient	JJ
drug	NN
and	CC
alcohol	NN
rehab	NN
center	NN
located	VBN
in	IN
rural	JJ
Bridgeton	NNP
,	,
New	NNP
Jersey	NNP
.	.
Our	PRP$
campus	NN
extends	VBZ
over	IN
40	CD
manicured	JJ
acres	NNS
,	,
providing	VBG
a	DT
serene	JJ
and	CC
comfortable	JJ
healing	NN
environment	NN
.	.
For	IN
over	IN
30	CD
years	NNS
,	,
Seabrook	NNP
House	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
helping	VBG
families	NNS
find	VBP
the	DT
courage	NN
to	TO
recover	VB
from	IN
alcoholism	NN
,	,
drug	NN
addiction	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
compulsive	JJ
diseases	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
assist	VBP
patients	NNS
in	IN
restoring	VBG
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
by	IN
embracing	VBG
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
life	NN
based	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
12-Step	JJ
principles	NNS
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Conveniently	RB
located	VBN
within	IN
a	DT
45	CD
minute	NN
drive	NN
from	IN
Philadelphia	NNP
,	,
PA	NNP
or	CC
within	IN
a	DT
2	CD
hour	NN
drive	NN
from	IN
New	NNP
York	NNP
City	NNP
.	.
Beau	NNP
Monde	NNP
Programs	NNP
provides	VBZ
a	DT
serene	JJ
and	CC
confidential	JJ
setting	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
an	DT
intensive	JJ
,	,
multi	NNS
-	:
dimensional	JJ
``	``
changing	VBG
eating	VBG
behaviors	NNS
''	''
program	NN
in	IN
a	DT
very	RB
small	JJ
,	,
exclusive	JJ
setting	NN
.	.
Please	VB
be	VB
advised	VBN
that	IN
we	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
treat	VB
individuals	NNS
with	IN
``	``
active	JJ
''	''
anorexia	NN
or	CC
bulimia	NN
requiring	VBG
a	DT
higher	JJR
level	NN
of	IN
medical	JJ
care	NN
or	CC
hospitalization	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
clients	NNS
come	VBP
to	TO
us	PRP
to	TO
change	VB
problematic	JJ
eating	NN
behaviors	NNS
,	,
or	CC
for	IN
``	``
aftercare	NN
''	''
or	CC
extended	VBN
care	NN
after	IN
stabilization	NN
and	CC
completion	NN
of	IN
a	DT
primary	JJ
care	NN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
program	NN
or	CC
chemical	NN
dependency	NN
treatment	NN
program	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
an	DT
exclusive	JJ
,	,
very	RB
small	JJ
,	,
private	JJ
treatment	NN
&	CC
aftercare	NN
program	NN
for	IN
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
,	,
food	NN
addiction	NN
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
client	NN
requiring	VBG
confidentiality	NN
,	,
one-to-one	JJ
services	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
highest	JJS
quality	NN
of	IN
care	NN
.	.
Only	RB
4	CD
clients	NNS
accepted	VBN
at	IN
one	CD
time	NN
!	.
Multi-dimensional	JJ
,	,
holistic	JJ
program	NN
with	IN
intensive	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
counseling	NN
,	,
life	NN
coaching	NN
,	,
personal	JJ
training	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
All	DT
private	JJ
rooms\/suites	NNS
overlooking	VBG
the	DT
ocean	NN
.	.
The	DT
Ridge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
,	,
located	VBN
in	IN
Lexington	NNP
,	,
Kentucky	NNP
,	,
was	VBD
designed	VBN
to	TO
treat	VB
youth	NN
,	,
ages	NNS
12	CD
to	TO
17	CD
,	,
or	CC
18	CD
if	IN
still	RB
in	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
.	.
This	DT
target	NN
population	NN
is	VBZ
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
which	WDT
has	VBZ
proven	VBN
refractory	JJ
to	TO
short-term	JJ
intensive	JJ
treatment	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
unmanageable	JJ
in	IN
less-intensive	JJ
treatment	NN
settings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Ridge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
habilitation	NN
of	IN
youth	NN
whose	WP$
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
pathology	NN
is	VBZ
manifested	VBN
chiefly	RB
by	IN
medical	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
alteration	NN
in	IN
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
relationship	NN
problems	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
insight	NN
into	IN
the	DT
severity	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
illness	NN
.	.
The	DT
primary	JJ
treatment	NN
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
services	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
enable	VB
the	DT
program	NN
participants	NNS
to	TO
return	VB
to	TO
their	PRP$
communities	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
improved	VBN
self-image	NN
,	,
physical	JJ
health	NN
,	,
with	IN
less	JJR
restrictive	JJ
treatment	NN
requirements	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
knowledge	NN
and	CC
commitment	NN
of	IN
maintaining	VBG
a	DT
healthy	JJ
lifestyle	NN
.	.
The	DT
expected	VBN
length	NN
of	IN
stay	NN
is	VBZ
45	CD
days	NNS
.	.
Any	DT
variability	NN
in	IN
length	NN
of	IN
stay	NN
will	MD
be	VB
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
team	NN
.	.
This	DT
comprehensive	JJ
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
program	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
formal	JJ
training	NN
affiliation	NN
with	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Maryland	NNP
School	NNP
of	IN
Medicine	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
directed	VBN
by	IN
Harry	NNP
A.	NNP
Brandt	NNP
,	,
M.D.	NNP
,	,
who	WP
was	VBD
formerly	RB
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Unit	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Institutes	NNPS
of	IN
Health	NNP
in	IN
Bethesda	NNP
,	,
Md.	NNP
.	.
Among	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
stable	JJ
and	CC
respected	JJ
programs	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
,	,
features	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNS
at	IN
Sheppard	NNP
Pratt	NNP
include	VBP
a	DT
specialized	VBN
inpatient	NN
and	CC
12	CD
hour	NN
day-treatment	JJ
unit	NN
,	,
a	DT
4	CD
hour	NN
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
program	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
outpatient	NN
services	NNS
including	VBG
individual	JJ
,	,
group	NN
,	,
pharmacologic	JJ
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
psychotherapy	NN
.	.
The	DT
Center	NNP
admits	VBZ
approximately	RB
600	CD
patients	NNS
per	IN
year	NN
to	TO
the	DT
hospital	NN
,	,
and	CC
provides	VBZ
approximately	RB
35,000	CD
outpatient	NN
visits	NNS
per	IN
yearThe	JJ
research	NN
division	NN
is	VBZ
currently	RB
involved	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
genetic	JJ
study	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
actively	RB
seeking	VBG
families	NNS
with	IN
two	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
affected	JJ
individuals	NNS
.	.
Avalon	NNP
is	VBZ
Latin	NNP
America	NNP
's	POS
only	JJ
spanish	JJ
speaking	NN
inpatient	NN
social	JJ
model	NN
treatment	NN
center	NN
designed	VBN
specifically	RB
for	IN
women	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
Trauma	NNP
or	CC
Addictions	NNPS
using	VBG
the	DT
Sierra	NNP
Model	NNP
of	IN
treatment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
world	NN
recognized	VBN
Sierra	NNP
Tucson	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Center	NNP
in	IN
Tucson	NNP
,	,
Arizona	NNP
,	,
USA	NNP
.	.
Avalon	NNP
treats	VBZ
spanish	JJ
speaking	NN
women	NNS
from	IN
all	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
world	NN
.	.
Avalon	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
center	NN
of	IN
Women	NNS
helping	VBG
Women	NNS
and	CC
offers	VBZ
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
programs	NNS
depending	VBG
of	IN
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
patient	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
costs	NNS
are	VBP
approximately	RB
60	CD
%	NN
less	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
leading	VBG
centers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
.	.
Please	VB
feel	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
contact	VB
our	PRP$
admissions	NNS
office	NN
for	IN
complete	JJ
treatment	NN
details	NNS
.	.
Be	VB
Totally	RB
Free	JJ
!	.
helps	VBZ
others	NNS
to	TO
overcome	VB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
numerous	JJ
other	JJ
addictions	NNS
.	.
This	DT
service	NN
is	VBZ
completely	RB
free	JJ
of	IN
charge	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
offered	VBN
by	IN
those	DT
who	WP
have	VBP
overcome	VBN
every	DT
imaginable	JJ
addiction	NN
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
personal	JJ
experience	NN
of	IN
overcoming	VBG
.	.
We	PRP
help	VBP
a	DT
person	NN
get	VB
to	TO
and	CC
heal	VB
the	DT
root	NN
of	IN
all	DT
compulsions	NNS
and	CC
obsessions	NNS
,	,
rather	RB
than	IN
just	RB
focusing	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
,	,
so	RB
that	IN
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
can	MD
truly	RB
``	``
be	VB
totally	RB
free	JJ
.	.
''	''
Visit	VB
our	PRP$
website	NN
and	CC
fill	VB
out	RP
a	DT
personal	JJ
evaluation	NN
for	IN
consideration	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Serving	VBG
California	NNP
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
nationally	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Bellwood	NNP
Health	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
Inc.	NNP
provides	VBZ
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
services	NNS
to	TO
adults	NNS
age	NN
19	CD
and	CC
over	IN
suffering	VBG
from	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
binge	NN
eating	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
holistically-based	JJ
programs	NNS
focus	VB
on	IN
the	DT
restoration	NN
of	IN
the	DT
physical	JJ
,	,
mental	JJ
,	,
social	JJ
and	CC
spiritual	JJ
health	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
patients	NNS
.	.
This	DT
focus	NN
is	VBZ
maintained	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
recovery	NN
process	NN
through	IN
a	DT
long	JJ
term	NN
continuing	VBG
health	NN
program	NN
.	.
Through	IN
lectures	VBZ
and	CC
discussions	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
topics	NNS
from	IN
food	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
to	TO
sexuality	NN
and	CC
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
help	VBP
clients	NNS
understand	VB
their	PRP$
disorder	NN
,	,
identify	VB
their	PRP$
feelings	NNS
and	CC
see	VB
things	NNS
more	JJR
clearly	RB
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
education	NN
sessions	NNS
that	WDT
focus	VBP
on	IN
psychological	JJ
development	NN
,	,
self-esteem	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
Workshops	NNS
teach	VBP
stress	NN
management	NN
,	,
communication	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
prevent	VB
a	DT
return	NN
to	TO
compulsive	JJ
behavior	NN
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
other	JJ
important	JJ
skills	NNS
.	.
Practical	NNP
therapies	NNS
include	VBP
meal	NN
planning	NN
,	,
shopping	NN
and	CC
restaurant	NN
outings	NNS
.	.
All	DT
clients	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
attend	VB
regular	JJ
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Anonymous	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
Bellwood	NNP
also	RB
provides	VBZ
customized	VBN
treatment	NN
for	IN
alcohol	NN
,	,
drug	NN
,	,
gambling	NN
,	,
and	CC
sexual	JJ
addictions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
compulsive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
stress	NN
related	VBN
illnesses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
treatment	NN
staff	NN
at	IN
Brookhaven	NNP
Hospital	NNP
in	IN
cooperation	NN
with	IN
Rader	NNP
Institute	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
providing	VBG
high-quality	JJ
clinical	JJ
programs	NNS
for	IN
over	IN
10	CD
years	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
and	CC
related	VBN
disorders	NNS
including	VBG
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
our	PRP$
mission	NN
to	TO
help	VB
save	VB
the	DT
lives	NNS
of	IN
those	DT
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
primary	JJ
purpose	NN
of	IN
Rader	NNP
Programs	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
treat	VB
the	DT
dysfunctional	JJ
behavior	NN
in	IN
a	DT
supportive	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
A	DT
staff	NN
of	IN
caring	NN
and	CC
experienced	VBD
professionals	NNS
,	,
many	JJ
who	WP
are	VBP
recovering	VBG
themselves	PRP
,	,
assist	VB
the	DT
affected	JJ
individual	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
family	NN
in	IN
developing	VBG
a	DT
life	NN
long	RB
program	NN
for	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
We	PRP
recognize	VBP
the	DT
complexity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
disorder	NN
and	CC
understand	VB
the	DT
medical	JJ
,	,
psychological	JJ
,	,
physical	JJ
,	,
and	CC
nutritional	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
treatment	NN
approach	NN
is	VBZ
centered	VBN
around	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
individual	NN
and	CC
we	PRP
are	VBP
completely	RB
committed	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
individuals	NNS
achieve	VB
recovery	NN
.	.
The	DT
treatment	NN
team	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
experienced	JJ
professionals	NNS
including	VBG
,	,
physicians	NNS
,	,
psychiatrists	NNS
,	,
psychologists	NNS
,	,
family	NN
counselors	NNS
,	,
dietitians	NNS
,	,
exercise	NN
counselors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
nurses	NNS
who	WP
assist	VBP
the	DT
individual	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
through	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
Through	IN
the	DT
utilization	NN
of	IN
a	DT
multi-disciplinary	JJ
approach	NN
,	,
the	DT
individuals	NNS
learn	VBP
to	TO
love	VB
and	CC
respect	VB
themselves	PRP
and	CC
to	TO
form	VB
positive	JJ
relationships	NNS
with	IN
their	PRP$
family	NN
.	.
CARE	NNP
provides	VBZ
counseling	NN
,	,
alternative	JJ
medicine	NN
and	CC
structured	JJ
living	NN
in	IN
a	DT
South	NNP
Florida	NNP
vacation	NN
setting	VBG
at	IN
affordable	JJ
rates	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
treatment	NN
staff	NN
will	MD
work	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
new	JJ
lifestyle	NN
.	.
We	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
dually	RB
diagnosed	VBN
clients	NNS
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
consist	VBP
of	IN
a	DT
complex	JJ
array	NN
of	IN
psychological	JJ
and	CC
physical	JJ
symptoms	NNS
and	CC
complications	NNS
.	.
Castlewood	NNP
's	POS
treatment	NN
philosophy	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
highest	JJS
quality	NN
,	,
multi-modal	JJ
intervention	NN
to	TO
facilitate	VB
the	DT
fullest	JJS
recovery	NN
possible	JJ
.	.
Treatment	NNP
goals	NNS
include	VBP
the	DT
restoration	NN
of	IN
body	NN
weight	NN
to	TO
near	IN
ideal	NN
,	,
understanding	NN
and	CC
developing	VBG
healthy	JJ
eating	VBG
behaviors	NNS
,	,
increasing	VBG
autonomy	NN
from	IN
compulsive	JJ
patterns	NNS
and	CC
facilitating	VBG
an	DT
enhanced	JJ
attitude	NN
toward	IN
self	NN
and	CC
body	NN
.	.
Castlewood	NNP
's	POS
homelike	JJ
setting	NN
is	VBZ
comfortable	JJ
and	CC
intimate	JJ
,	,
allowing	VBG
for	IN
personalized	VBN
care	NN
and	CC
highly	RB
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
planning	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
have	VBP
many	JJ
developmental	JJ
pathways	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
co-morbid	JJ
factors	NNS
which	WDT
influence	VBP
diagnosis	NN
,	,
treatment	NN
prognosis	NN
,	,
and	CC
outcome	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
personality	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
Axis	NNP
1	CD
psychiatric	JJ
disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
trauma	NN
history	NN
.	.
Each	DT
individual	NN
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
both	DT
similar	JJ
and	CC
different	JJ
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
the	DT
most	RBS
critical	JJ
factor	NN
in	IN
establishing	VBG
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
plan	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
goals	NNS
.	.
Personal	NNP
strengths	NNS
,	,
resources	NNS
,	,
and	CC
life	NN
ambitions	NNS
are	VBP
explored	VBN
to	TO
empower	VB
clients	NNS
to	TO
begin	VB
building	VBG
a	DT
life	NN
around	IN
more	JJR
appropriate	JJ
goals	NNS
and	CC
expectations	NNS
,	,
facilitating	VBG
personal	JJ
growth	NN
beyond	IN
the	DT
constraints	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
Body	NN
image	NN
work	NN
,	,
movement	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
Yoga	NN
,	,
and	CC
supervised	VBD
exercise	NN
are	VBP
tailored	VBN
to	TO
each	DT
resident	NN
's	POS
needs	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
facilitate	VB
increased	VBN
comfort	NN
and	CC
respect	NN
for	IN
the	DT
body	NN
.	.
Daily	NNP
groups	NNS
provide	VBP
psycho-education	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
cognitive	JJ
,	,
family	NN
of	IN
origin	NN
and	CC
expressive	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
Journaling	VBG
exercises	NNS
and	CC
between-session	NN
assignments	NNS
are	VBP
provided	VBN
to	TO
extend	VB
the	DT
forward	JJ
movement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
therapeutic	JJ
process	NN
.	.
Trauma	NN
resolution	NN
work	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
for	IN
clients	NNS
where	WRB
earlier	JJR
traumatic	JJ
experiences	NNS
have	VBP
contributed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
development	NN
and\/or	CC
maintenance	NN
of	IN
current	JJ
symptomatology	NN
.	.
THE	DT
EATING	NN
DISORDERS	NNS
PROGRAMAdolescent	JJ
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
center	NN
for	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
Treating	VBG
both	DT
female	JJ
and	CC
male	JJ
teens	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
ages	NNS
11-18	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
beautiful	JJ
Southern	NNP
California	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Center	NN
For	IN
Discovery	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
residential	JJ
home	NN
where	WRB
clients	NNS
come	VBP
to	TO
live	VB
during	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
24-hour	JJ
staff	NN
includes	VBZ
:	:
Medical	NNP
doctors	NNS
,	,
Psychiatrist	NNP
,	,
Psychologist	NNP
,	,
Clinical	NNP
Psychotherapists	NNPS
,	,
Nutrition	NNP
Therapist	NNP
,	,
Personal	NNP
Trainer	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Counselors	NNPS
.	.
Currently	RB
we	PRP
are	VBP
the	DT
only	JJ
residential	JJ
care	NN
center	NN
for	IN
teenagers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
and	CC
we	PRP
have	VBP
JCAHO	VBN
accredidation	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
state	NN
licensed	VBD
.	.
With	IN
state-of-the-art	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
methods	NNS
including	VBG
family	NN
participation	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
family	NN
group	NN
,	,
family	NN
meal	NN
,	,
family	NN
therapy	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
plans	NNS
,	,
our	PRP$
clients	NNS
receive	VBP
the	DT
highest	JJS
level	NN
of	IN
care	NN
available	JJ
.	.
Along	IN
with	IN
three	CD
individual	JJ
sessions	NNS
with	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
therapist	NN
each	DT
week	NN
,	,
clients	NNS
attend	VBP
groups	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
Body	NNP
Image	NN
,	,
Relapse	NNP
Prevention	NNP
,	,
Assertiveness	NNP
,	,
Expressive	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
Coping	NNP
Skills	NNS
,	,
Spirituality	NNP
,	,
Anger	NN
!	.
Management	NNP
,	,
Emotion	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
Exercise	NNP
Group	NNP
,	,
Art	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
Boundaries	NNS
,	,
Goal	NNP
Setting	NNP
,	,
Group	NNP
Process	NNP
and	CC
more	JJR
.	.
Some	DT
highlights	VBZ
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
include	VBP
our	PRP$
Greenhouse	NN
,	,
were	VBD
residents	NNS
learn	VB
to	TO
nourish	VB
and	CC
tend	VB
flowers	NNS
and	CC
plants	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
methaphor	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
self	NN
care	NN
and	CC
nourishment	NN
.	.
We	PRP
treat	VBP
all	DT
three	CD
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
a	DT
multi-level	JJ
system	NN
which	WDT
allows	VBZ
residents	NNS
to	TO
grow	VB
in	IN
the	DT
program	NN
at	IN
the	DT
pace	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
right	JJ
for	IN
them	PRP
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
visit	NN
our	PRP$
website	NN
or	CC
call	NN
and	CC
talk	NN
to	TO
us	PRP
!	.
The	DT
Center	NN
For	IN
Discovery	NNP
's	POS
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
residential	JJ
center	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
is	VBZ
new	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
The	DT
Center	NN
For	IN
Discovery	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
around	IN
for	IN
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
,	,
treating	VBG
substance	NN
abuse	NN
and	CC
depression	NN
,	,
this	DT
residential	JJ
home	NN
geared	VBN
towards	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
is	VBZ
our	PRP$
most	RBS
recent	JJ
addition	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
has	VBZ
been	VBN
born	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
minds	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
and	CC
adolescent	JJ
specialists	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
at	IN
Clearsprings	NNP
Health	NNP
Center	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
in-patient	JJ
program	NN
that	WDT
offers	VBZ
a	DT
unique	JJ
and	CC
innovative	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
the	DT
problem	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Research	NNP
indicates	VBZ
that	IN
specific	JJ
nutritional	JJ
deficiencies	NNS
can	MD
predispose	VB
a	DT
person	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Once	RB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
develop	VB
,	,
these	DT
deficiencies	NNS
which	WDT
effect	NN
brain	NN
chemisty	NN
in	IN
areas	NNS
that	WDT
influence	VBP
this	DT
type	NN
of	IN
behavior	NN
,	,
tend	VB
to	TO
worsen	VB
.	.
To	TO
add	VB
to	TO
the	DT
problem	NN
,	,
the	DT
automatic	JJ
control	NN
centers	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
body	NN
become	VBN
programmed	JJ
to	TO
reflexively	RB
stimulate	VB
undesirable	JJ
physical	JJ
and	CC
mental	JJ
responses	NNS
.	.
This	DT
`	``
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
behavior	NN
'	''
leaves	VBZ
the	DT
person	NN
with	IN
the	DT
feelings	NNS
of	IN
loss	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
and	CC
depression	NN
associated	VBN
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
WE	NNP
have	VBP
found	VBN
that	IN
with	IN
a	DT
program	NN
of	IN
specific	JJ
nutritional	JJ
correction	NN
and	CC
rehabilitation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
body	NN
control	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
the	DT
social	JJ
and	CC
emotional	JJ
components	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
addressed	VBN
more	RBR
efficiently	RB
and	CC
effectively	RB
.	.
Our	PRP$
emphasis	NN
is	VBZ
on	IN
natural	JJ
drug-free	JJ
methods	NNS
that	WDT
address	VBP
the	DT
underlying	VBG
causes	VBZ
that	IN
trap	NN
the	DT
person	NN
in	IN
the	DT
physical	JJ
,	,
mental	JJ
and	CC
spiritual	JJ
prison	NN
of	IN
`	``
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
behavior	NN
associated	VBN
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
By	IN
understanding	VBG
the	DT
physiological	JJ
mechanisms	NNS
that	WDT
keep	VBP
the	DT
person	NN
trapped	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
cycle	NN
of	IN
self	NN
destructive	JJ
behavior	NN
,	,
we	PRP
are	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
use	VB
these	DT
keys	NNS
to	TO
free	VB
the	DT
person	NN
to	TO
regain	VB
their	PRP$
health	NN
and	CC
self	NN
determinism	NN
.	.
Located	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
110	CD
acre	NN
organic	JJ
farm	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Ozark	NNP
Mountains	NNPS
of	IN
Arkansas	NNP
,	,
Clearsprings	NNP
Health	NNP
Center	NNP
provides	VBZ
high	JJ
quality	NN
professional	JJ
care	NN
in	IN
a	DT
naturally	RB
beautiful	JJ
setting	NN
.	.
Cumberland	NNP
Hospital	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
84-bed	JJ
,	,
specialty	NN
rehabilitation	NN
JCAHO	NNP
accredited	VBD
medical	JJ
hospital	NN
located	VBN
on	IN
98	CD
acres	NNS
.	.
Cumberland	NNP
also	RB
has	VBZ
community	NN
based	VBN
group	NN
homes	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
center	NN
in	IN
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Our	PRP$
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
treatment	NN
addresses	NNS
both	DT
emotional	JJ
and	CC
medical	JJ
issues	NNS
or	CC
behavioral	JJ
challenges	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
treated	VBN
in	IN
tandem	NN
.	.
Pediatric	NNP
and	CC
Adolescent	NNP
focus	NN
;	:
Treatment	NNP
of	IN
complex	JJ
medical	JJ
issues	NNS
;	:
Realistic	NNP
and	CC
practical	JJ
life	NN
skills	NNS
training	NN
;	:
On-site	JJ
school	NN
;	:
On-site	JJ
physicians	NNS
and	CC
medical	JJ
specialists	NNS
;	:
Family	NNP
therapy	NN
;	:
Anger	NNP
management	NN
;	:
Self-esteem	NN
;	:
Body	NNP
image	NN
;	:
Assertiveness	NNP
.	.
Admission	NN
Criteria	NNS
:	:
The	DT
Chronic	JJ
Illness	NNP
Program	NNP
provides	VBZ
a	DT
structured	JJ
environment	NN
for	IN
medical	JJ
supervision	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
underlying	VBG
emotional	JJ
,	,
social	JJ
and	CC
behavioral	JJ
challenges	NNS
,	,
preventing	VBG
successful	JJ
self	NN
management	NN
.	.
The	DT
admission	NN
criteria	NNS
is	VBZ
a	DT
follows	VBZ
:	:
A	DT
chronic	JJ
illness	NN
diagnosis	NN
Child	NNP
,	,
adolescent	JJ
or	CC
young	JJ
adult	NN
through	IN
age	NN
22	CD
.	.
Inability	NN
to	TO
function	VB
independently	RB
at	IN
an	DT
age	NN
appropriate	JJ
level	NN
in	IN
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
areas	NNS
:	:
self-care	JJ
mood	NN
stability	NN
school	NN
Individuals	NNS
may	MD
exhibit	VB
a	DT
specific	JJ
pattern	NN
of	IN
self-destruction	NN
and	CC
behaviors	NNS
inconsistent	JJ
with	IN
responsible	JJ
management	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
chronic	JJ
illness	NN
.	.
Clients	NNS
with	IN
Diabetes	NNP
and	CC
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
in	IN
combination	NN
are	VBP
accepted	VBN
.	.
JCAHO	NNP
Licensed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
of	IN
Florida	NNP
The	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
medical-recovery	JJ
model	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
concept	NN
of	IN
a	DT
multi-disciplinary	JJ
team	NN
approach	NN
.	.
The	DT
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
treat	VB
both	DT
adolescent	JJ
and	CC
adult	NN
,	,
female	JJ
and\/or	CC
male	JJ
patients	NNS
with	IN
anorexia	NN
or	CC
bulimia	NN
nervosa	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
either	CC
the	DT
restricting	VBG
or	CC
binge-eating\/purging	JJ
types	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
mission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
patients	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
with	IN
a	DT
quality	NN
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
sufficiently	RB
lengthy	JJ
to	TO
permit	VB
the	DT
patients	NNS
to	TO
attain	VB
recovery	NN
.	.
Fairwinds	NNS
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
program	NN
is	VBZ
able	JJ
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
specialized	VBN
needs	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
patients	NNS
who	WP
may	MD
have	VB
co-occuring	JJ
chemical	NN
dependency	NN
and	CC
or	CC
psychiatric	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
Fairwinds	NNP
provides	VBZ
for	IN
a	DT
home-like	JJ
intimate	JJ
environment	NN
within	IN
a	DT
highly	RB
structured	JJ
medical	JJ
model	NN
.	.
Multidisciplinary	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Team	NNP
Residential	NNP
treatment	NN
is	VBZ
offered	VBN
to	TO
medically	RB
stable	JJ
individuals	NNS
ages	NNS
16	CD
and	CC
older	JJR
.	.
A	DT
multidisciplinary	JJ
team	NN
of	IN
mental	JJ
health	NN
profressionals	NNS
provide	VBP
treatment	NN
for	IN
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
diagnosed	VBN
with	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
nervosa	NN
.	.
A	DT
``	``
long	JJ
term	NN
''	''
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
setting	VBG
for	IN
women	NNS
wanting	VBG
to	TO
recognize	VB
and	CC
address	VB
their	PRP$
issues	NNS
of	IN
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
,	,
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
alcohol	NN
,	,
drug	NN
addiction	NN
,	,
or	CC
co-dependency	NN
.	.
Primary	JJ
issues	NNS
addressed	VBD
are	VBP
:	:
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
chemical	NN
dependency	NN
,	,
nutritional	JJ
needs	NNS
,	,
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
,	,
trauma	NN
,	,
distorted	JJ
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
grief	NN
,	,
dysfunctional	JJ
relationships	NNS
and	CC
co-dependency	NN
.	.
Admission	NN
Criteria	NNS
:	:
Female	NNP
,	,
18	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
age	NN
or	CC
older	JJR
with	IN
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
above	JJ
disorders	NNS
.	.
Intensive	JJ
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Treatment	NNP
facility	NN
provides	VBZ
extended	JJ
care	NN
tx	NN
in	IN
a	DT
supportive	JJ
transitional	JJ
living	NN
situation	NN
.	.
A	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
from	IN
out-patient	JJ
treatment	NN
to	TO
:	:
Day	NNP
Treatment	NNP
,	,
PHP	NNP
,	,
&	CC
IOP	NNP
.	.
Introducing	VBG
alternative	JJ
medicing	NN
blended	JJ
with	IN
traditional	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
In	IN
operation	NN
since	IN
1993	CD
.	.
Most	JJS
insurance	NN
and	CC
medicare	NN
accepted	VBN
.	.
Coming	VBG
soon	RB
an	DT
inpatient	JJ
stabalization	NN
unit	NN
.	.
The	DT
Centre	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
nine	CD
bedded	VBN
home	NN
for	IN
males	NNS
and	CC
females	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
An	DT
holistic	JJ
approach	NN
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
patient	NN
's	POS
spiritual	NN
,	,
physical	JJ
and	CC
psychological	JJ
needs	NNS
,	,
in	IN
an	DT
accepting	VBG
atmosphere	NN
.	.
Laurel	NNP
Hill	NNP
Inn	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
residential	JJ
program	NN
for	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
located	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
greater	JJR
Boston	NNP
area	NN
.	.
The	DT
setting	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
welcoming	VBG
feeling	NN
of	IN
an	DT
old	JJ
New	NNP
England	NNP
Inn	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
tailored	VBN
to	TO
deliver	VB
a	DT
personalized	VBN
treatment	NN
program	NN
to	TO
a	DT
small	JJ
group	NN
of	IN
individuals	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
program	NN
provides	VBZ
treatment	NN
exclusively	RB
to	TO
adults	NNS
whose	WP$
primary	JJ
diagnosis	NN
is	VBZ
anorexia	JJ
nervosa	NN
or	CC
bulimia	NN
nervosa	NN
.	.
The	DT
intensive	JJ
group	NN
program	NN
relies	VBZ
heavily	RB
on	IN
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
treatment	NN
and	CC
dialectical	JJ
behavioral	JJ
skills	NNS
training	NN
.	.
An	DT
experienced	JJ
multi-disciplinary	JJ
staff	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
individual	JJ
,	,
group	NN
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
Education	NNP
and	CC
practice	NN
are	VBP
key	JJ
elements	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
treament	NN
program	NN
.	.
Everyday	JJ
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
skill-teaching	JJ
groups	NNS
that	WDT
help	VBP
individuals	NNS
modify	VBP
their	PRP$
eating	JJ
disordered	JJ
behaviors	NNS
so	IN
that	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
lead	VB
more	RBR
fulfilling	VBG
lives	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
insurance	NN
providers	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
case-by	JJ
case	NN
basis	NN
and	CC
would	MD
be	VB
happy	JJ
to	TO
discuss	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
ways	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
to	TO
pursue	VB
coverage	NN
for	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
Founded	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
generous	JJ
support	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Klarman	NNP
Family	NNP
Foundation	NNP
the	DT
Klarman	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Center	NNP
at	IN
McLean	NNP
provides	VBZ
state-of-the-art	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
girls	NNS
and	CC
young	JJ
women	NNS
ages	NNS
13	CD
to	TO
23	CD
.	.
Housed	VBN
in	IN
its	PRP$
own	JJ
newly	RB
renovated	VBN
building	NN
on	IN
the	DT
grounds	NNS
of	IN
McLean	NNP
Hospital	NNP
,	,
the	DT
center	NN
provides	VBZ
a	DT
unique	JJ
therapeutic	JJ
environment	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
conducive	JJ
to	TO
recovery	NN
.	.
The	DT
center	NN
is	VBZ
comprised	VBN
of	IN
a	DT
highly	RB
trained	VBN
multidisciplinary	JJ
team	NN
,	,
many	JJ
of	IN
whom	WP
are	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
Harvard	NNP
Medical	NNP
School	NNP
faculty	NN
.	.
The	DT
staff	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
expressive	JJ
therapists	NNS
,	,
nurses	NNS
,	,
nutritionists	NNS
,	,
psychiatrists	NNS
,	,
psychologists	NNS
,	,
social	JJ
workers	NNS
and	CC
teachers	NNS
.	.
Center	NNP
clinicians	NNS
and	CC
McLean	NNP
staff	NN
are	VBP
particularly	RB
skilled	JJ
at	IN
treating	VBG
co-existing	JJ
conditions	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
trauma-related	JJ
disorders	NNS
,	,
anxiety	NN
disorders	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
comorbid	JJ
psychiatric	JJ
conditions	NNS
.	.
Services	NNPS
include	VBP
:	:
Residential	NNP
Care	NNP
,	,
Transitional	NNP
Partial	NNP
Hospital	NNP
.	.
Treatment	NNP
plans	NNS
are	VBP
individualized	VBN
for	IN
patients	NNS
at	IN
each	DT
level	NN
of	IN
care	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
contract	NN
with	IN
the	DT
patient	NN
,	,
her	PRP$
family	NN
and	CC
the	DT
center	NN
staff	NN
.	.
The	DT
plans	NNS
are	VBP
continually	RB
reviewed	VBN
and	CC
re-negotiated	VBN
as	IN
needed	VBN
and	CC
integrate	VB
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
thorough	JJ
initial	JJ
psychiatric	JJ
evaluation	NN
;	:
medical	JJ
history	NN
and	CC
physical	JJ
examination	NN
;	:
psychotherapeutic	JJ
interventions	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
;	:
nutritional	JJ
assessment	NN
and	CC
ongoing	JJ
therapy	NN
;	:
cognitive	JJ
and	CC
dialectical	JJ
behavior	NN
therapies	NNS
;	:
ongoing	JJ
psychiatric	JJ
assessment	NN
,	,
including	VBG
medications	NNS
;	:
psychological	JJ
testing	NN
;	:
creative	JJ
arts	NNS
,	,
vocational	JJ
therapy	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
work	NN
;	:
educational	JJ
classroom	NN
through	IN
grade	NN
12	CD
;	:
social	JJ
skills	NNS
and	CC
interpersonal	JJ
relationship	NN
training	NN
;	:
relapse	NN
prevention	NN
,	,
and	CC
close	RB
coordination	NN
of	IN
care	NN
and	CC
discharge	VB
planning	NN
with	IN
community-based	JJ
treatment	NN
team	NN
.	.
JCHO	NNP
accredidation	NN
The	NNP
Medical	NNP
Center	NNP
at	IN
Princeton	NNP
offers	VBZ
inpatient	JJ
and	CC
partial	JJ
hospital	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
The	DT
experienced	JJ
treatment	NN
team	NN
of	IN
physicians	NNS
,	,
psychologists	NNS
,	,
nurses	NNS
,	,
therapists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
nutritionists	NNS
take	VBP
a	DT
biopsychosocial	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
provide	VB
individual	JJ
,	,
group	NN
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
and	CC
often	RB
medications	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Institute	NNP
at	IN
Methodist	NNP
Hospital	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
multi-disciplinary	JJ
treatment	NN
program	NN
for	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
An	DT
initial	JJ
comprehensive	JJ
assessment	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
for	IN
anyone	NN
concerned	VBN
about	IN
having	VBG
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
The	DT
treatment	NN
team	NN
,	,
including	VBG
a	DT
medical	JJ
doctor	NN
,	,
licensed	VBD
psychologist	NN
,	,
and	CC
dietitian	NN
,	,
evaluate	VBP
the	DT
individual	JJ
and	CC
develop	VB
a	DT
treatment	NN
plan	NN
.	.
Four	CD
levels	NNS
of	IN
care	NN
are	VBP
available	JJ
:	:
inpatient	NN
,	,
partial	JJ
,	,
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
,	,
and	CC
outpatient	NN
.	.
JCAHO	NNP
and	CC
AHCA	NNP
accredited	VBD
Provides	VBZ
residential	JJ
and	CC
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
primary	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
diagnosis	NN
.	.
JCAHO	NNP
and	CC
AHCA	NNP
accreditation	NN
and	CC
licensure	NN
.	.
Apartment-style	JJ
residences	NNS
with	IN
24	CD
hour	NN
on-site	JJ
support	NN
.	.
Contracted	VBN
with	IN
most	JJS
major	JJ
insurances	NNS
and	CC
managed	VBD
care	NN
organizations	NNS
.	.
Sliding	VBG
scale	NN
fee	NN
schedules	NNS
available	JJ
upon	IN
request	NN
.	.
Dual	JJ
diagnosis	NN
track	NN
with	IN
an	DT
emphasis	NN
on	IN
treating	VBG
individuals	NNS
with	IN
coexisting	VBG
depression	NN
and\/or	CC
substance	NN
abuse	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Residents	NNS
may	MD
bring	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
vehicles	NNS
,	,
although	IN
the	DT
facility	NN
provides	VBZ
transportation	NN
to	TO
all	DT
scheduled	VBN
activities	NNS
.	.
Clinical	JJ
staff	NN
includes	VBZ
A.S.A.M.	NNP
credentialed	JJ
physicians	NNS
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
licensed	JJ
clinical	JJ
staff	NN
who	WP
are	VBP
IAEDP	NNP
certified	VBD
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
specialists	NNS
.	.
Milestones	NNS
offers	VBZ
a	DT
safe	JJ
and	CC
structured	JJ
environment	NN
tailored	VBN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
need	VB
or	CC
wish	VB
for	IN
the	DT
restrictive	JJ
elements	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
based	VBN
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
residential	JJ
program	NN
provides	VBZ
for	IN
a	DT
full	JJ
schedule	NN
of	IN
therapeutic	JJ
activities	NNS
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
evening	NN
and	CC
weekends	NNS
.	.
Recovery	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
``	``
real	JJ
world	NN
''	''
experiences	NNS
which	WDT
include	VBP
grocery	NN
shopping	NN
,	,
meal	NN
preparation	NN
,	,
and	CC
attending	VBG
local	JJ
support	NN
groups	NNS
which	WDT
compliment	VBP
the	DT
schedule	NN
of	IN
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
therapies	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
accepts	VBZ
patients	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
adults	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
18	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
older	JJR
-RRB-	-RRB-
who	WP
are	VBP
both	DT
local	JJ
residents	NNS
and	CC
from	IN
out	IN
of	IN
town	NN
.	.
Aftercare	NNP
and	CC
alumni	NNS
support	NN
groups	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
provided	VBN
.	.
Mirasol	NNP
's	POS
program	NN
has	VBZ
as	IN
its	PRP$
foundation	NN
the	DT
philosophy	NN
of	IN
integrative	JJ
psychophysiology	NN
.	.
Dr	NNP
Andrew	NNP
Weil	NNP
defines	VBZ
healing	NN
as	IN
``	``
the	DT
natural	JJ
process	NN
by	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
body	NN
attempts	VBZ
to	TO
restore	VB
a	DT
state	NN
of	IN
wholeness	NN
and	CC
balance	NN
,	,
when	WRB
wholeness	NN
and	CC
balance	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
lost	VBN
because	IN
of	IN
illness	NN
,	,
injury	NN
or	CC
a	DT
maladaptive	JJ
response	NN
to	TO
severe	JJ
stress	NN
.	.
We	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
a	DT
maladaptive	JJ
response	NN
to	TO
severe	JJ
stress	NN
.	.
At	IN
Mirasol	NNP
,	,
we	PRP
have	VBP
developed	VBN
a	DT
program	NN
that	WDT
changes	VBZ
the	DT
way	NN
traditional	JJ
psychotherapeutic	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
is	VBZ
delivered	VBN
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
developed	VBN
a	DT
basic	JJ
curriculum	NN
in	IN
integrative	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
complementary	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
psychophysiological	JJ
therapy	NN
that	IN
we	PRP
use	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
chronic	NN
,	,
stress	NN
related	VBN
disease	NN
.	.
Mirasol	NNP
's	POS
program	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
biofeedback	NN
,	,
clinical	JJ
hypnosis	NN
,	,
Qigong	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
is	VBZ
an	DT
ancient	JJ
Chinese	JJ
holistic	JJ
system	NN
of	IN
self-healing	JJ
exercise	NN
and	CC
meditation	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
Jungian	JJ
mandala	NN
and	CC
dream	NN
work	NN
,	,
group	NN
process	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
work	NN
,	,
and	CC
many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
traditional	JJ
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
methods	NNS
for	IN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Psychology	NN
,	,
physiology	NN
,	,
and	CC
spirituality	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
considered	VBN
separately	RB
but	CC
should	MD
really	RB
be	VB
understood	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
kind	NN
of	IN
transpersonal	JJ
psychophysiology	NN
since	IN
separating	VBG
the	DT
body	NN
from	IN
the	DT
psyche	NN
and	CC
the	DT
soul	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
artificial	JJ
and	CC
misleading	JJ
way	NN
of	IN
looking	VBG
at	IN
the	DT
human	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
At	IN
Mirasol	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
our	PRP$
belief	NN
that	IN
taking	VBG
action	NN
decreases	VBZ
the	DT
fear	NN
and	CC
depression	NN
that	WDT
so	RB
often	RB
accompanies	VBZ
illness	NN
.	.
Each	DT
patient	NN
is	VBZ
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
become	VB
actively	RB
involved	VBN
in	IN
self-healing	JJ
.	.
This	DT
helps	VBZ
her	PRP$
to	TO
shift	VB
from	IN
feelings	NNS
of	IN
helplessness	NN
and	CC
hopelessness	NN
to	TO
self-mastery	NN
.	.
She	PRP
learns	VBZ
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
place	NN
for	IN
intuition	NN
,	,
divine	JJ
guidance	NN
,	,
hope	NN
and	CC
faith	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
program	NN
rich	JJ
in	IN
tradition	NN
and	CC
creativity	NN
and	CC
extremely	RB
cost	NN
effective	JJ
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
The	DT
Mirasol	NNP
experience	NN
is	VBZ
one	CD
that	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
life	NN
changing	VBG
for	IN
you	PRP
or	CC
your	PRP$
client	NN
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
an	DT
important	JJ
healing	NN
alternative	NN
to	TO
the	DT
many	JJ
stresses	VBZ
in	IN
life	NN
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
us	PRP
at	IN
our	PRP$
toll-free	JJ
number	NN
,	,
or	CC
check	VB
out	RP
our	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
progressive	JJ
and	CC
debilitating	JJ
illnesses	NNS
requiring	VBG
medical	JJ
,	,
nutritional	JJ
and	CC
psychological	JJ
intervention	NN
.	.
Individuals	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
often	RB
need	VBP
a	DT
structured	JJ
environment	NN
to	TO
achieve	VB
recovery	NN
.	.
However	RB
all	DT
too	RB
often	RB
a	DT
person	NN
does	VBZ
well	RB
in	IN
a	DT
highly	RB
structured	VBN
regimented	JJ
environment	NN
only	RB
too	RB
fall	VB
into	IN
relapse	NN
upon	IN
returning	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
less	RBR
structured	JJ
situation	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
residential	JJ
program	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
individual	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
clients	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
way	NN
that	WDT
gives	VBZ
them	PRP
a	DT
higher	JJR
level	NN
of	IN
responsibility	NN
and	CC
``	``
teaches	VBZ
''	''
them	PRP
how	WRB
to	TO
recover	VB
.	.
The	DT
atmosphere	NN
of	IN
Monte	NNP
Nido	NNP
is	VBZ
professional	JJ
and	CC
structured	JJ
,	,
but	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
warm	JJ
friendly	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
like	IN
.	.
Our	PRP$
dedicated	JJ
staff	NN
,	,
many	JJ
of	IN
whom	WP
are	VBP
recovered	VBN
themselves	PRP
,	,
serve	VBP
as	IN
role	NN
models	NNS
;	:
and	CC
our	PRP$
environment	NN
inspires	VBZ
people	NNS
to	TO
commit	VB
to	TO
overcoming	VBG
obstacles	NNS
that	WDT
interfere	VBP
with	IN
the	DT
quality	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
at	IN
Monte	NNP
Nido	NNP
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
behavior	NN
and	CC
mood	NN
stabilization	NN
,	,
creating	VBG
a	DT
climate	NN
where	WRB
destructive	JJ
behavior	NN
can	MD
be	VB
interrupted	VBN
.	.
Clients	NNS
can	MD
then	RB
work	VB
on	IN
the	DT
crucial	JJ
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
which	WDT
caused	VBD
and	CC
perpetuate	VB
their	PRP$
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
dysfunctional	JJ
behaviors	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
a	DT
structured	JJ
schedule	NN
with	IN
education	NN
,	,
psychodynamic	JJ
and	CC
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
corrective	JJ
eating	NN
patterns	NNS
,	,
healthy	JJ
exercise	NN
,	,
life	NN
skills	NNS
training	NN
and	CC
spiritual	JJ
enhancement	NN
,	,
family	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
and	CC
discharge	VB
planning	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
philosophy	NN
includes	VBZ
:	:
restoring	VBG
biochemical	JJ
functioning	NN
and	CC
nutritional	JJ
balance	NN
,	,
implementing	VBG
healthy	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
exercise	NN
habits	NNS
,	,
changing	VBG
destructive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
gaining	VBG
insight	NN
and	CC
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
for	IN
underlying	VBG
emotional	JJ
,	,
psychological	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
illnesses	NNS
which	WDT
,	,
when	WRB
treated	VBN
correctly	RB
,	,
can	MD
result	VB
in	IN
full	JJ
recovery	NN
where	WRB
the	DT
individual	NN
can	MD
resume	VB
a	DT
normal	JJ
healthy	JJ
relationship	NN
to	TO
food	NN
.	.
Nutrition	NNP
and	CC
exercise	NN
are	VBP
not	RB
simply	RB
part	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
program	NN
.	.
We	PRP
recognize	VBP
these	DT
as	IN
crucial	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
we	PRP
require	VBP
assessments	NNS
on	IN
nutritional	JJ
status	NN
,	,
metabolism	NN
,	,
and	CC
biochemistry	NN
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
teach	VBP
patients	NNS
what	WP
this	DT
information	NN
means	VBZ
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
recovery	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
detailed	JJ
attention	NN
to	TO
the	DT
nutrition	NN
and	CC
exercise	NN
component	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
reveals	VBZ
our	PRP$
dedication	NN
to	TO
these	DT
areas	NNS
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
plan	NN
for	IN
a	DT
healthy	JJ
,	,
lasting	JJ
recovery	NN
.	.
Montecatini	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
long	JJ
term	NN
residential	JJ
teatment	JJ
facility	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
addictions	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
want	VBP
our	PRP$
residents	NNS
to	TO
start	VB
living	VBG
life	NN
,	,
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
school	NN
,	,
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
work	VB
,	,
raise	VB
their	PRP$
families	NNS
,	,
and	CC
not	RB
be	VB
different	JJ
because	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
An	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
condition	NN
to	TO
manage	VB
and	CC
move	VB
past	RB
.	.
It	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
define	VB
a	DT
person	NN
.	.
We	PRP
want	VBP
our	PRP$
residents	NNS
to	TO
overcome	VB
their	PRP$
compulsions	NNS
and	CC
learn	VB
to	TO
focus	VB
on	IN
other	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
A	DT
resident	NN
of	IN
Montecatini	NNP
once	RB
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
to	TO
many	JJ
other	JJ
treatments	NNS
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
makes	VBZ
Montecatini	NNP
different	JJ
is	VBZ
that	IN
residents	NNS
here	RB
do	VBP
not	RB
compare	VB
and	CC
compete	VB
as	IN
to	TO
who	WP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
more	JJR
successful	JJ
in	IN
their	PRP$
disease	NN
but	CC
they	PRP
compete	VBP
and	CC
strive	VBP
for	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
They	PRP
see	VBP
alumni	NNS
living	VBG
life	NN
and	CC
ask	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
obtain	VB
the	DT
recovery	NN
.	.
''	''
Montecatini	NNP
's	POS
program	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
interrupt	VB
dysfunctional	JJ
behavior	NN
so	IN
that	IN
residents	NNS
can	MD
take	VB
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
steps	NNS
toward	IN
recovery	NN
and	CC
healing	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
built	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
understanding	NN
that	WDT
treatment	NN
is	VBZ
done	VBN
not	RB
only	RB
by	IN
staff	NN
,	,
but	CC
by	IN
staff	NN
,	,
residents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
members	NNS
working	VBG
together	RB
.	.
This	DT
requires	VBZ
active	JJ
participation	NN
in	IN
all	DT
scheduled	VBN
activities	NNS
.	.
Family	NNP
members	NNS
are	VBP
an	DT
integral	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
,	,
and	CC
their	PRP$
participation	NN
in	IN
treatment	NN
is	VBZ
highly	RB
encouraged	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Montecatini	NNP
staff	NN
involves	VBZ
a	DT
multidisciplinary	JJ
panel	NN
of	IN
professionals	NNS
who	WP
offer	VBP
both	DT
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
Montecatini	NNP
also	RB
offers	VBZ
the	DT
residents	NNS
a	DT
hands	NNS
on	IN
appraoch	NN
to	TO
dealing	VBG
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
exercise	NN
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
detailed	JJ
information	NN
please	VB
do	VB
not	RB
hesitate	VB
to	TO
call	VB
us	PRP
at	IN
(760) 436-8930	CD
or	CC
visit	VB
our	PRP$
website	NN
.	.
Residential	NNP
Program	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Treatment	NNP
of	IN
Eating	NNP
DisordersOur	NNP
mission	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
intensive	JJ
,	,
effective	JJ
treatment	NN
in	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
structured	VBN
,	,
nurturing	VBG
environment	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
highly	RB
skilled	JJ
team	NN
of	IN
experienced	JJ
professionals	NNS
offers	VBZ
24	CD
-	:
hour	NN
care	NN
.	.
Oceanaire	NNP
is	VBZ
located	VBN
in	IN
picturesque	JJ
Rancho	NNP
Palos	NNP
Verdes	NNP
,	,
in	IN
an	DT
idyllic	JJ
,	,
home-like	JJ
setting	NN
,	,
overlooking	VBG
the	DT
majestic	JJ
Pacific	NNP
Ocean	NNP
.	.
The	DT
OMNI	NNP
program	NN
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
only	RB
a	DT
few	JJ
regional	JJ
treatment	NN
settings	NNS
that	WDT
offer	VBP
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
,	,
multi-disciplinary	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
OMNI	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
Health	NNP
is	VBZ
JCAHO	NNP
accredited	VBN
and	CC
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
community-based	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Services	NNPS
are	VBP
provided	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
compassionate	JJ
and	CC
confidential	JJ
manner	NN
.	.
OMNI	NNP
offers	VBZ
a	DT
unique	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
treatment	NN
that	IN
emphasizes	VBZ
a	DT
functional	JJ
perspective	NN
of	IN
behavior	NN
.	.
The	DT
focus	NN
is	VBZ
on	IN
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
and	CC
promotes	VBZ
the	DT
utilization	NN
of	IN
natural	JJ
support	NN
systems	NNS
in	IN
reaching	VBG
sustained	VBN
goals	NNS
.	.
Treatment	NNP
is	VBZ
available	JJ
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
,	,
females	NNS
and	CC
males	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
diagnosed	VBN
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
,	,
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Not	RB
Otherwise	RB
Specified	VBN
,	,
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
and	CC
Weight	NNP
Loss	NN
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
full	JJ
spectrum	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
,	,
an	DT
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
program	NN
,	,
a	DT
partial	JJ
program	NN
,	,
and	CC
inpatient	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
We	PRP
take	VBP
a	DT
multidisciplinary	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
treatment	NN
including	VBG
medical	JJ
,	,
psychiatric	JJ
,	,
psychological	JJ
,	,
and	CC
nutrition	NN
management	NN
.	.
Pine	NNP
Ridge	NNP
Academy	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
therapeutic	JJ
boarding	VBG
school	NN
and	CC
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
center	NN
for	IN
youth	NN
and	CC
teenagers	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
ages	NNS
of	IN
11	CD
and	CC
18	CD
who	WP
are	VBP
experiencing	VBG
emotional	JJ
,	,
behavioral	JJ
,	,
or	CC
academic	JJ
difficulties	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Renaissance	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Program	NNP
is	VBZ
unique	JJ
because	IN
we	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
professional	JJ
staff	NN
with	IN
a	DT
passion	NN
for	IN
helping	VBG
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
patients	NNS
through	IN
an	DT
individualized	JJ
approach	NN
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
a	DT
treatment	NN
program	NN
that	WDT
prepares	VBZ
patients	NNS
for	IN
long	JJ
term	NN
recovery	NN
using	VBG
the	DT
step	NN
down	RB
approach	NN
.	.
We	PRP
advocate	VBP
a	DT
multidisciplinary	JJ
approach	NN
including	VBG
family	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
,	,
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
fitness	NN
instruction	NN
,	,
self-image	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
and	CC
psychodrama	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
complete	JJ
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
program	NN
begins	VBZ
with	IN
a	DT
medical	JJ
and	CC
psychological	JJ
evaluation	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
and	CC
whether	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
any	DT
other	JJ
complicated	JJ
issues	NNS
that	WDT
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
addressed	VBN
.	.
We	PRP
treat	VBP
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
disease	NN
in	IN
a	DT
controlled	JJ
setting	NN
where	WRB
we	PRP
provide	VBP
nutritional	JJ
management	NN
by	IN
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
,	,
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
special	JJ
subject	JJ
discussions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
psychological	JJ
services	NNS
needed	VBN
by	IN
our	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
patients	NNS
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
their	PRP$
complex	JJ
problems	NNS
and	CC
develop	VB
a	DT
healthy	JJ
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
The	DT
inpatient	JJ
and\/or	CC
the	DT
partial	JJ
hospitalization	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
day	NN
treatment	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
programs	NNS
consist	VBP
of	IN
numerous	JJ
treatment	NN
modalities	NNS
,	,
individually	RB
tailored	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
special	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
patient	NN
.	.
Rimrock	NN
also	RB
offers	VBZ
treatment	NN
for	IN
chemical	NN
dependency	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
gambling	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
addiction	NN
and	CC
to	TO
people	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
a	DT
dual	JJ
diagnosis	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
term	NN
that	WDT
refers	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
presence	NN
of	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
addiction	NN
problems	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
complicated	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
co-existing	JJ
psychiatric	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
major	JJ
depression	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Rogers	NNP
Memorial	NNP
Hospital	NNP
offers	VBZ
intensive	JJ
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
both	DT
males	NNS
and	CC
females	NNS
with	IN
separate	JJ
units	NNS
and	CC
distinct	JJ
programming	NN
.	.
Ted	NNP
Weltzin	NNP
,	,
M.D.	NNP
,	,
medical	JJ
director	NN
of	IN
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Center	NNP
at	IN
Rogers	NNP
Memorial	NNP
,	,
helps	VBZ
create	VB
an	DT
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
plan	NN
for	IN
each	DT
patient	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
program	NN
approach	NN
encourages	VBZ
self-empowerment	NN
in	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
,	,
confidential	JJ
,	,
home-like	JJ
atmosphere	NN
.	.
We	PRP
consult	VBP
with	IN
patients	NNS
in	IN
establishing	VBG
their	PRP$
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
plan	NN
utilizing	VBG
many	JJ
experiential	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
learning-by-doing	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
approaches	VBZ
including	VBG
art	NN
and	CC
recreation	NN
therapies	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
patients	NNS
have	VBP
confirmed	VBN
this	DT
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
approach	NN
through	IN
satisfaction	NN
surveys	NNS
completed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
discharge	VB
.	.
We	PRP
feel	VBP
these	DT
surveys	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
this	DT
past	JJ
year	NN
reflected	VBD
a	DT
satisfaction	NN
rate	NN
of	IN
95	CD
%	NN
,	,
are	VBP
the	DT
strongest	JJS
testimony	NN
to	TO
the	DT
level	NN
of	IN
personalized	VBN
care	NN
that	IN
Rogers	NNP
Memorial	NNP
provides	VBZ
for	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
behavioral	JJ
health	NN
concerns	NNS
.	.
Rogers	NNP
Memorial	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
not-for-profit	JJ
facility	NN
committed	VBN
to	TO
providing	VBG
the	DT
highest	JJS
quality	NN
mental	JJ
health	NN
services	NNS
that	WDT
also	RB
are	VBP
cost-effective	JJ
.	.
Our	PRP$
residential	JJ
program	NN
is	VBZ
as	IN
clinically	RB
intensive	JJ
as	IN
inpatient	JJ
yet	RB
available	JJ
at	IN
approximately	RB
one-third	JJ
the	DT
daily	JJ
cost	NN
of	IN
the	DT
average	JJ
inpatient	JJ
program	NN
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
phone	NN
assessments	NNS
and	CC
make	VB
referrals	NNS
24	CD
hours	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
,	,
7	CD
days	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
.	.
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Center	NNP
at	IN
Rogers	NNP
Memorial	NNP
Hospital	NNP
's	POS
Oconomowoc	NNP
campus	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
between	IN
Madison	NNP
and	CC
Milwaukee	NNP
,	,
Wisconsin	NNP
,	,
USA	NNP
,	,
90	CD
miles	NNS
from	IN
Chicago	NNP
,	,
Illinois	NNP
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
one	CD
mile	NN
north	NN
of	IN
Interstate	NNP
94	CD
east	JJ
of	IN
Oconomowoc	NNP
.	.
Counseling	NN
&	CC
Consulting	NNP
for	IN
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
and	CC
families	NNS
.	.
Specializing	VBG
in	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and	CC
concurrent	JJ
issues	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
anxiety	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
intimacy	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
self-esteem	NN
,	,
transition	NN
and	CC
adjustment	NN
.	.
\*	SYM
As	IN
principal	NN
of	IN
The	DT
Sommer	NNP
Group	NNP
,	,
Heidi	NNP
Sommer	NNP
McAlister	NNP
believes	VBZ
in	IN
finding	NN
,	,
developing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
utilizing	VBG
the	DT
unique	JJ
,	,
inherent	JJ
,	,
and	CC
valuable	JJ
qualities	NNS
in	IN
each	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
.	.
The	DT
Sommer	NNP
Group	NNP
's	POS
philosophical	JJ
stance	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
we	PRP
hold	VBP
within	IN
ourselves	PRP
the	DT
capacity	NN
for	IN
change	NN
and	CC
growth	NN
.	.
Sometimes	RB
events	NNS
occur	VBP
in	IN
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
that	WDT
leave	VBP
such	PDT
a	DT
significant	JJ
impact	NN
on	IN
us	PRP
that	IN
we	PRP
become	VBP
confused	JJ
and	CC
unsure	JJ
about	IN
ourselves	PRP
,	,
our	PRP$
relationships	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
direction	NN
we	PRP
want	VBP
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
to	TO
go	VB
in	IN
.	.
Professional	NNP
help	NN
can	MD
be	VB
critical	JJ
during	IN
this	DT
time	NN
.	.
Heidi	NNP
works	VBZ
with	IN
clients	NNS
using	VBG
a	DT
humanistic	JJ
and	CC
direct	JJ
therapeutic	JJ
style	NN
that	WDT
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
honesty	NN
and	CC
staying	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
moment	NN
with	IN
feelings	NNS
and	CC
thoughts	NNS
.	.
Heidi	NNP
`	``
sbackground	NN
in	IN
the	DT
arts	NNS
in	IN
combination	NN
with	IN
her	PRP$
clinical	JJ
counseling	NN
training	NN
,	,
fosters	VBZ
a	DT
creative	JJ
and	CC
focused	VBD
approach	NN
to	TO
the	DT
services	NNS
offered	VBN
through	IN
The	DT
Sommer	NNP
Group	NNP
.	.
Transformational	JJ
work	NN
with	IN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
and	CC
groups	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
Psychotherapy	NNP
and	CC
consultancy	NN
services	NNS
that	WDT
empower	VBP
individuals	NNS
in	IN
embracing	VBG
change	NN
.	.
Change	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
inevitable	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
life	NN
and	CC
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
controlled	VBN
.	.
The	DT
tendancy	NN
to	TO
hold	VB
onto	IN
the	DT
familiar	JJ
is	VBZ
to	TO
resist	VB
change	NN
and	CC
remain	VBP
stuck	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
threshold	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
source	NN
of	IN
much	JJ
pain	NN
,	,
dis-ease	NN
and	CC
distress	NN
that	IN
people	NNS
experience	NN
in	IN
life	NN
.	.
Suffering	VBG
is	VBZ
the	DT
product	NN
of	IN
holding	VBG
onto	IN
anything	NN
,	,
which	WDT
no	RB
longer	RB
serves	VBZ
us	PRP
.	.
Living	VBG
from	IN
The	DT
Heart	NNP
program	NN
,	,
empowers	VBZ
you	PRP
to	TO
become	VB
more	RBR
loving	JJ
and	CC
more	RBR
authentic	JJ
.	.
When	WRB
we	PRP
live	VBP
from	IN
the	DT
wisdom	NN
of	IN
the	DT
heart	NN
,	,
we	PRP
can	MD
achieve	VB
our	PRP$
goals	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
fulfil	VB
our	PRP$
desires	NNS
,	,
and	CC
our	PRP$
potential	NN
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
understand	VB
our	PRP$
purpose	NN
with	IN
clarity	NN
as	IN
we	PRP
journey	NN
towards	IN
self-knowledge	NN
and	CC
increased	VBD
awareness	NN
of	IN
everything	NN
around	IN
us	PRP
.	.
As	IN
an	DT
experiential	JJ
psychotherapist	NN
,	,
I	PRP
treat	VBP
each	DT
client	NN
holistically	RB
,	,
addressing	VBG
healing	NN
on	IN
all	DT
levels	NNS
including	VBG
mind	NN
,	,
body	NN
,	,
and	CC
spirit	NN
.	.
I	PRP
integrate	VBP
verbal	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
with	IN
a	DT
range	NN
of	IN
expressive	JJ
modalities	NNS
including	VBG
psychodrama	NN
,	,
movement	NN
,	,
writing	VBG
,	,
vocal	JJ
work	NN
,	,
and	CC
guided	VBD
imagery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
facilitate	VBP
the	DT
identification	NN
and	CC
transformation	NN
of	IN
underlying	VBG
emotional	JJ
and	CC
mental	JJ
patterns	NNS
,	,
helping	VBG
clients	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
new	JJ
insights	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
embrace	VB
new	JJ
behaviors	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
work	NN
is	VBZ
centered	VBN
on	IN
core	NN
values	NNS
of	IN
respect	NN
for	IN
each	DT
client	NN
's	POS
journey	NN
as	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
belief	NN
that	IN
every	DT
human	JJ
being	NN
is	VBZ
so	RB
much	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
disorder	NN
or	CC
cluster	NN
of	IN
symptoms	NNS
.	.
The	DT
work	NN
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
helping	VBG
clients	NNS
remember	VB
and	CC
re-claim	VB
the	DT
truth	NN
of	IN
who	WP
they	PRP
really	RB
are	VBP
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
licensed	VBN
social	JJ
worker	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
practicing	VBG
psychotherapy	NN
and	CC
clinical	JJ
psychodrama	NN
for	IN
over	IN
15	CD
years	NNS
,	,
with	IN
a	DT
specialty	NN
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
's	POS
issues	NNS
for	IN
10	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
look	VBP
forward	RB
to	TO
speaking	VBG
with	IN
you	PRP
about	IN
your	PRP$
interest	NN
in	IN
treatment	NN
,	,
and	CC
would	MD
be	VB
glad	JJ
to	TO
answer	VB
any	DT
questions	NNS
you	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
reached	VBN
at	IN
(215)701-7013	CD
.	.
In	IN
my	PRP$
practice	NN
,	,
art	NN
psychotherapy\/verbal	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
are	VBP
used	VBN
as	IN
primary	JJ
treatment	NN
modalities	NNS
in	IN
treating	VBG
eating	JJ
disorders\/trauma	NN
survivors	NNS
.	.
Individuals	NNS
need	VBP
not	RB
be	VB
trained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
art	NN
materials	NNS
or	CC
even	RB
like	IN
art	NN
per	IN
se	FW
,	,
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
engage	VB
in	IN
this	DT
type	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
The	DT
use	NN
of	IN
nonverbal	JJ
modalities	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
art	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
expedite	VB
treatment	NN
is	VBZ
documented	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
ED	NNP
literature	NN
,	,
as	IN
it	PRP
facilitates	VBZ
the	DT
``	``
breaking	VBG
through	IN
''	''
of	IN
barriers	NNS
which	WDT
maintain	VBP
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
thinking\/behaviors	NNS
.	.
Art	NNP
psychotherapy	NN
may	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
single	JJ
treatment	NN
form	NN
,	,
although	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
often	RB
used	VBN
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
traditional	JJ
verbal	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
and	CC
medication	NN
management	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
inpatient	JJ
and	CC
partial	JJ
hospital	NN
program	NN
offer	NN
art	NN
psychotherapy	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
facilities	NNS
as	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
proven	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
highly	RB
effective	JJ
form	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
for	IN
both	DT
individuals	NNS
and	CC
groups	NNS
.	.
Angela	NNP
Bardick	NNP
,	,
B.F.A.	NNP
,	,
B.	NNP
Ed.	NNP
,	,
M.	NNP
Ed.	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
psychologist	NN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
offering	VBG
counselling	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
or	CC
body	NN
image	NN
concerns	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
other	JJ
emotional	JJ
and	CC
behavioral	JJ
issues	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
bereavement	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
She	PRP
uses	VBZ
an	DT
integrated	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
personal	JJ
counselling	NN
,	,
using	VBG
aspects	NNS
of	IN
Cognitive	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
Mindfulness	NNP
Cognitive	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
Dialectical	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Humanistic	NNP
therapy	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
individual	NN
.	.
Angela	NNP
has	VBZ
conducted	VBN
research	NN
in	IN
adolescent	JJ
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
and	CC
male	JJ
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
which	WDT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
published	VBN
in	IN
international	JJ
journals	NNS
and	CC
presented	VBN
at	IN
an	DT
international	JJ
conference	NN
.	.
Angela	NNP
has	VBZ
conducted	VBN
workshops	NNS
in	IN
body	NN
image	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Physical	JJ
referrals	NNS
and	CC
self-referrals	NNS
are	VBP
welcome	JJ
.	.
Provide	VB
specialized	VBN
counseling	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
weight	NN
control	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
emotional	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
stress	NN
and	CC
anxiety	NN
.	.
Counseling	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
,	,
adults	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
Licensed	VBN
Professional	NNP
Counselor	NNP
who	WP
has	VBZ
had	VBN
both	DT
personal	JJ
and	CC
professional	JJ
experience	NN
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
recovery	NN
myself	PRP
and	CC
have	VB
a	DT
passion	NN
for	IN
helping	VBG
others	NNS
break	VB
the	DT
bondage	NN
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Although	IN
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
one	CD
's	POS
physical	JJ
health	NN
are	VBP
essential	JJ
to	TO
address	VB
and	CC
monitor	VB
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
committed	VBN
to	TO
addressing	VBG
the	DT
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
led	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
person	NN
's	POS
eating	NN
disorder	NN
behaviors	NNS
.	.
An	DT
individual	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
an	DT
``	``
anorexic	JJ
''	''
or	CC
a	DT
``	``
bulimic	JJ
''	''
but	CC
a	DT
person	NN
who	WP
battles	VBZ
these	DT
diseases	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
distinctive	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
practice	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
I	PRP
provide	VBP
quality	NN
Christian	JJ
Counseling	NN
for	IN
those	DT
clients	NNS
who	WP
desire	VBP
such	PDT
an	DT
emphasis	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
clients	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
need	VB
to	TO
share	VB
my	PRP$
beliefs	NNS
,	,
but	CC
they	PRP
do	VBP
have	VB
a	DT
right	NN
to	TO
know	VB
that	IN
my	PRP$
value	NN
assumptions	NNS
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
truth	NN
of	IN
scripture	NN
,	,
that	IN
I	PRP
rely	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
Holy	NNP
Spirit	NNP
as	IN
my	PRP$
guide	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
know	VBP
Christ	NNP
as	IN
the	DT
healer	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
safe	JJ
environment	NN
where	WRB
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
or	CC
families	NNS
can	MD
explore	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
histories	NNS
and	CC
beliefs	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
I	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
safe	JJ
environment	NN
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
have	VBP
experienced	VBN
spiritual	JJ
abuse	NN
or	CC
oppression	NN
,	,
so	RB
that	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
find	VB
healing	NN
and	CC
truth	NN
from	IN
such	JJ
destruction	NN
.	.
Michelle	NNP
L.	NNP
Dean	NNP
,	,
MA	NNP
,	,
ATR-BC	NNP
,	,
LPC	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
board	NN
certified	VBD
art	NN
psychotherapist	NN
and	CC
a	DT
licensed	JJ
professional	JJ
counselor	NN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Dean	NNP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
and	CC
self	NN
injurious	JJ
behaviors	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
acceptance	NN
,	,
and	CC
survivors	NNS
of	IN
trauma	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
private	JJ
practice	NN
in	IN
Glenside	NNP
,	,
Pennsylvania	NNP
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
her	PRP$
practice	NN
,	,
she	PRP
is	VBZ
an	DT
Adjunct	NNP
Professor	NNP
at	IN
Arcadia	NNP
University	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
formerly	RB
Beaver	NNP
College	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
instructing	VBG
art	NN
therapy	NN
courses	NNS
for	IN
undergraduate	JJ
students	NNS
since	IN
1997	CD
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
supervisor	NN
for	IN
graduate	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
ATR	NNP
and	CC
LPC	NNP
candidates	NNS
and	CC
clinicians	NNS
wanting	VBG
to	TO
further	VB
their	PRP$
knowledge	NN
about	IN
art	NN
therapy	NN
and	CC
the	DT
therapeutic	JJ
uses	NNS
of	IN
art	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
related	JJ
topics	NNS
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Dean	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
author	NN
of	IN
the	DT
children	NNS
's	POS
book	NN
``	``
Taking	VBG
Weight	NNP
Problems	NNPS
to	TO
School	NNP
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
JayJo	NNP
Press	NNP
,	,
2005	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Former	JJ
employment	NN
includes	VBZ
work	NN
for	IN
The	DT
Delaware	NNP
County	NNP
Women	NNP
Against	IN
Rape	NNP
and	CC
Crime	NNP
Victims	NNP
Services	NNPS
in	IN
Media	NNP
,	,
PA	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
primary	JJ
therapist	NN
and	CC
as	IN
the	DT
art	NN
therapy	NN
and	CC
trauma	NN
track	NN
coordinator	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Renfrew	NNP
Center	NNP
,	,
art	NN
therapist	NN
at	IN
The	DT
Belmont	NNP
Center	NNP
and	CC
The	DT
Rader	NNP
Institute	NNP
in	IN
Philadelphia	NNP
,	,
PA.	NNP
Ms.	NNP
Dean	NNP
has	VBZ
presented	VBN
extensively	RB
on	IN
the	DT
therapeutic	JJ
benefits	NNS
of	IN
art	NN
therapy	NN
with	IN
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
clients	NNS
and	CC
has	VBZ
provided	VBN
numerous	JJ
workshops	NNS
and	CC
trainings	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
therapeutic	JJ
uses	NNS
of	IN
art	NN
for	IN
mental	JJ
health	NN
clinicians	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
invited	VBN
to	TO
speak	VB
on	IN
the	DT
radio	NN
,	,
at	IN
schools	NNS
,	,
colleges	NNS
,	,
and	CC
at	IN
numerous	JJ
local	JJ
and	CC
national	JJ
conferences	NNS
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
supportive	JJ
and	CC
safe	JJ
environment	NN
,	,
the	DT
creative	JJ
process	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
art	NN
,	,
writing	VBG
,	,
guided	VBN
imagery	NN
and	CC
discussion	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
used	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
promote	VB
healing	NN
,	,
expression	NN
of	IN
feelings	NNS
and	CC
personal	JJ
understanding	NN
in	IN
an	DT
honoring	VBG
way	NN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Dean	NNP
works	VBZ
with	IN
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
families	NNS
,	,
groups	NNS
and	CC
workshops	NNS
;	:
from	IN
age	NN
4	CD
to	TO
adulthood	NN
.	.
All	DT
levels	NNS
of	IN
art	NN
experience	NN
welcome	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
counseling	NN
to	TO
women	NNS
and	CC
men	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
,	,
and	CC
bulimic	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
work	VB
with	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
happy	JJ
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
find	VB
a	DT
referral	NN
to	TO
someone	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
right	RB
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
My	PRP$
style	NN
is	VBZ
intuitive	JJ
,	,
creative	JJ
,	,
and	CC
compassionate	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
work	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
uncover	VB
the	DT
hidden	JJ
messages	NNS
embedded	VBN
in	IN
your	PRP$
behavior	NN
with	IN
food	NN
so	IN
that	IN
we	PRP
can	MD
decipher	VB
what	WP
your	PRP$
soul	NN
is	VBZ
saying	VBG
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
from	IN
this	DT
place	NN
that	WDT
lasting	JJ
relief	NN
and	CC
change	NN
is	VBZ
attainable	JJ
.	.
That	DT
means	VBZ
we	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
curious	JJ
about	IN
your	PRP$
behavior	NN
instead	RB
of	IN
critical	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
never	RB
seen	VBN
lasting	JJ
change	NN
come	VBN
from	IN
a	DT
process	NN
that	WDT
emphasizes	VBZ
all	PDT
the	DT
ways	NNS
that	IN
we	PRP
are	VBP
``	``
bad	JJ
''	''
and	CC
``	``
wrong	JJ
''	''
.	.
Whether	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
clear	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
yet	RB
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
wisdom	NN
embedded	VBN
in	IN
your	PRP$
behaviors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
will	MD
work	VB
together	RB
to	TO
tap	VB
into	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
healing	NN
resources	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
are	VBP
creative	JJ
,	,
sensitive	JJ
,	,
and	CC
intuitive	JJ
and	CC
often	RB
play	VB
the	DT
role	NN
of	IN
the	DT
healer	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
relationships	NNS
with	IN
friends	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
.	.
Years	NNS
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
have	VBP
left	VBN
them	PRP
out	IN
of	IN
touch	NN
with	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
needs	NNS
and	CC
feelings	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
powerful	JJ
process	NN
to	TO
claim	VB
these	DT
lost	VBN
parts	NNS
of	IN
ourselves	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
consider	VBP
it	PRP
an	DT
honor	NN
to	TO
accompany	VB
people	NNS
on	IN
this	DT
life	NN
changing	VBG
journey	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
my	PRP$
work	NN
with	IN
eating	VBG
issues	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
also	RB
specialize	VBP
in	IN
women	NNS
's	POS
issues	NNS
,	,
trauma	NN
recovery	NN
,	,
finding	VBG
one	CD
's	POS
voice	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
transition	NN
to	TO
parenthood	NN
.	.
Please	VB
feel	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
contact	VB
me	PRP
to	TO
see	VB
whether	IN
we	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
good	JJ
match	NN
.	.
I	PRP
look	VBP
forward	RB
to	TO
speaking	VBG
with	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Family	NNP
Recovery	NNP
Center	NNP
,	,
PLC	NNP
,	,
offers	VBZ
education	NN
for	IN
substance	NN
abuse	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
by	IN
request	NN
.	.
Individual	JJ
substance	NN
abuse	NN
counseling	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
substitute	NN
for	IN
intensive	JJ
group	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
Family	NNP
interventions	NNS
are	VBP
provided	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
a	DT
loved	VBN
one	CD
recognize	VBP
their	PRP$
struggles	NNS
and	CC
get	VB
the	DT
right	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
Affordable	JJ
help	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
.	.
A	DT
sliding	VBG
fee	NN
scale	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
created	VBN
to	TO
assist	VB
those	DT
under	IN
financial	JJ
strain	NN
.	.
Call	VB
now	RB
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
and	CC
a	DT
free	JJ
consultation	NN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
psychotherapy	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
using	VBG
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
modalities	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
individual	JJ
needs	NNS
including	VBG
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
,	,
to	TO
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
,	,
experiential	JJ
,	,
expressive	JJ
therapies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
systems	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
individuals	NNS
on	IN
developing	VBG
confidence	NN
,	,
improving	VBG
body	NN
image	NN
and	CC
self-worth	NN
,	,
and	CC
living	VBG
with	IN
inner	JJ
peace	NN
.	.
Having	VBG
suffered	VBN
from	IN
Anorexia	NNP
18	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
I	PRP
understand	VBP
first	JJ
hand	NN
the	DT
complexity	NN
and	CC
underlying	VBG
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
is	VBZ
caring	VBG
,	,
supportive	JJ
,	,
and	CC
straight	JJ
forward	RB
.	.
Counseling	NN
from	IN
a	DT
Christian	JJ
framework	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
available	JJ
by	IN
request	NN
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
sliding	VBG
scale	NN
fees	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
individual	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
Womencare	NNP
was	VBD
founded	VBN
by	IN
Laurie	NNP
Kahn	NNP
in	IN
1978	CD
with	IN
the	DT
goal	NN
of	IN
meeting	VBG
the	DT
special	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
women	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
partners	NNS
,	,
friends	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
.	.
At	IN
Womencare	NNP
,	,
we	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
change	NN
occurs	VBZ
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
collaborative	JJ
process	NN
.	.
We	PRP
work	VBP
from	IN
an	DT
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
psychology	NN
of	IN
women	NNS
using	VBG
a	DT
relational	JJ
model	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
non-pathologizing	JJ
and	CC
empowering	VBG
.	.
Our	PRP$
therapists	NNS
offer	VBP
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
and	CC
therapeutic	JJ
opportunities	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
:	:
Individual	NNP
Counseling	NN
,	,
Couple	NN
Counseling	NN
,	,
Child	NNP
&	CC
Family	NNP
Counseling	NN
,	,
Non-Traditional	NNP
Family	NNP
Counseling	NN
,	,
Blended	NNP
Family	NNP
Counseling	NN
,	,
Adolescent	NNP
Counseling	NN
and	CC
Group	NNP
Therapy	NNP
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
Womencare	NNP
works	VBZ
both	DT
independently	RB
and	CC
also	RB
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
Chicago-area	JJ
universities	NNS
and	CC
mental	JJ
health	NN
facilities	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
educational	JJ
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
public	NN
,	,
clients	NNS
and	CC
professionals	NNS
.	.
Clinical	JJ
Social	NNP
Worker	NNP
,	,
certified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Addictions	NNPS
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
chemical	NN
dependency	NN
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
couple	NN
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
offered	VBD
.	.
Body	NNP
Image	NN
4-week	JJ
group	NN
starting	VBG
10-30-04	CD
.	.
Have	VBP
20	CD
yrs	NNS
.	.
experience	NN
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
,	,
including	VBG
trauma	NN
resolution	NN
.	.
Specialized	NNP
training	NN
in	IN
family	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
The	DT
BLJ	NNP
Recovery	NNP
Center	NNP
offers	VBZ
Living	VBG
Abstinent	JJ
support	NN
groups	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
San	NNP
Diego	NNP
area	NN
and	CC
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
workshops	NNS
for	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
On	IN
the	DT
website	NN
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
find	VB
Becky	NNP
's	POS
story	NN
,	,
the	DT
first	JJ
chapter	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
book	NN
Dieting	NN
:	:
A	DT
Dry	NNP
Drunk	NNP
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
helpful	JJ
information	NN
for	IN
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
,	,
binging	NN
,	,
purging	VBG
,	,
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
All	DT
groups	NNS
and	CC
workshops	NNS
are	VBP
lead	JJ
by	IN
licensed	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
professionals	NNS
.	.
Begin	VB
from	IN
Within	IN
is	VBZ
a	DT
non-profit	JJ
program	NN
of	IN
Jewish	JJ
Family	NNP
and	CC
Children	NNP
's	POS
Services	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
of	IN
San	NNP
Francisco	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Peninsula	NNP
,	,
Marin	NNP
and	CC
Sonoma	NNP
counties	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
offering	VBG
4	CD
week	NN
workshops	NNS
and	CC
on-going	JJ
groups	NNS
for	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
suffering	VBG
from	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and	CC
the	DT
difficulties	NNS
of	IN
food	NN
,	,
weight	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
These	DT
services	NNS
in	IN
San	NNP
Francisco	NNP
,	,
Marin	NNP
and	CC
Palo	NNP
Alto	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
open	JJ
to	TO
offering	VBG
our	PRP$
services	NNS
in	IN
new	JJ
locations	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
community	NN
.	.
Bodywise	NNP
offers	VBZ
comprehensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
services	NNS
exclusively	RB
for	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
Individual	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
groups	NNS
,	,
workshops	NNS
,	,
and	CC
nutrition	NN
services	NNS
are	VBP
offered	VBN
.	.
Referrals	NNS
to	TO
physicians	NNS
and	CC
psychiatrists	NNS
sensitive	JJ
to	TO
these	DT
issues	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
available	JJ
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
the	DT
number	NN
below	IN
and	CC
ask	VB
for	IN
the	DT
Bodywise	NNP
Program	NNP
,	,
send	VBP
an	DT
email	NN
,	,
or	CC
visit	VB
our	PRP$
website	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Jim	NNP
Harris	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
psychologist	NN
with	IN
over	IN
a	DT
decade	NN
of	IN
experience	NN
treating	VBG
those	DT
suffering	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
serves	VBZ
as	IN
clinical	JJ
faculty	NN
for	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Texas	NNP
Southwestern	NNP
Medical	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
North	NNP
Texas	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
accept	VB
insurance	NN
in	IN
his	PRP$
private	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Harris	NNP
has	VBZ
appeared	VBN
multiple	JJ
times	NNS
as	IN
an	DT
expert	NN
on	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
on	IN
television	NN
,	,
including	VBG
ABC	NNP
World	NNP
News	NNP
Tonight	NNP
with	IN
Peter	NNP
Jennings	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
conducts	VBZ
workshops	NNS
and	CC
has	VBZ
helped	VBN
train	NN
scores	NNS
of	IN
professionals	NNS
interested	JJ
in	IN
learning	VBG
how	WRB
to	TO
treat	VB
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Incorporated	NNP
Society	NNP
We	PRP
provide	VBP
:	:
resources	NNS
,	,
referrals	NNS
,	,
quarterly	JJ
newsletter	NN
,	,
information	NN
and	CC
support	NN
to	TO
individuals	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
food	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
their	PRP$
families	NNS
and	CC
friends	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
run	VBP
workshops	NNS
for	IN
professionals	NNS
and	CC
support	NN
groups	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
believe	VBP
a	DT
holistic	JJ
approach	NN
provides	VBZ
individuals	NNS
with	IN
choices	NNS
to	TO
enable	VB
self-acceptance	NN
and	CC
recovery	NN
.	.
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Problems	NNP
Service	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
specialist	NN
service	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
help	VB
to	TO
relieve	VB
the	DT
stress	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
problems	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
friends	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Problems	NNP
Service	NNP
provides	VBZ
:	:
information	NN
,	,
workshops	NNS
,	,
training	NN
,	,
advice	NN
and	CC
one	CD
to	TO
one	CD
counselling	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
professionals	NNS
who	WP
include	VBP
counsellors	NNS
,	,
nurses	NNS
,	,
nutritionists	NNS
,	,
dieticians	NNS
,	,
exercise	NN
specialists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
psychotherapists	NNS
.	.
All	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
have	VBP
considerable	JJ
experience	NN
of	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
those	DT
who	WP
have	VBP
issues	NNS
about	IN
food	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
We	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
help	VB
all	PDT
those	DT
whose	WP$
weight	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
causes	VBZ
them	PRP
distress	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
nurse	NN
Penny	NNP
Hyndman	NNP
RN	NNP
provides	VBZ
neruofeedback	NN
to	TO
clients	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
in	IN
self-regulation	NN
.	.
Neurofeedback	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
referred	VBN
to	TO
as	IN
exercise	NN
for	IN
the	DT
brain	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
powerful	JJ
Biofeedback	NNP
technique	NN
which	WDT
improves	VBZ
the	DT
brain	NN
's	POS
ability	NN
to	TO
self-regulate	JJ
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
many	JJ
physical	JJ
symptoms	NNS
often	RB
``	``
fall	VB
away	RB
''	''
.	.
Neurofeedback	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
an	DT
effective	JJ
drug-free	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
health	NN
.	.
Clients	NNS
have	VBP
reported	VBN
better	JJR
sleep	NN
,	,
increased	VBD
concentration	NN
&	CC
focus	NN
,	,
decreased	VBD
impulsivity	NN
,	,
decreased	VBD
mental	JJ
chatter	NN
,	,
improved	VBN
memory	NN
,	,
reduced	VBN
anxiety	NN
and	CC
an	DT
increase	NN
overall	JJ
feeling	NN
of	IN
well	RB
being	VBG
.	.
Services	NNPS
in	IN
our	PRP$
clinic	NN
also	RB
include	VBP
massage	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
craniosacral	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
therapuetic	JJ
touch	NN
,	,
homeopathy	NN
and	CC
wellness	JJ
workshops	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
place	NN
for	IN
families	NNS
of	IN
those	DT
fighting	VBG
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
the	DT
skills	NNS
,	,
support	NN
and	CC
coaching	NN
needed	VBN
to	TO
survive	VB
and	CC
thrive	VB
during	IN
a	DT
family	NN
member	NN
's	POS
fight	NN
against	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
We	PRP
'll	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
finding	VBG
resources	NNS
,	,
support	NN
,	,
info	NN
and	CC
coaching	NN
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
find	VB
useful	JJ
perspectives	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
incredible	JJ
challenges	NNS
you	PRP
are	VBP
facing	VBG
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
tele-classes	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
so	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
anywhere	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
workshops	NNS
here	RB
in	IN
SW	NNP
Minneapolis	NNP
suburbs	NNS
,	,
group	NN
coaching	NN
&	CC
individual	JJ
coaching	NN
.	.
Individual	NNP
Psychotherapy	NNP
and	CC
Assessment	NNP
for	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
Consultations	NNS
with	IN
other	JJ
therapists	NNS
and	CC
physicians	NNS
.	.
Family	NNP
therapy	NN
and	CC
education	NN
.	.
Public	NNP
Speaking	VBG
and	CC
workshops	NNS
on	IN
Body	NNP
Image	NN
and	CC
Personal	NNP
Power	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
Workplace	NNP
.	.
Special	JJ
Interests	NNS
on	IN
Infertility	NN
and	CC
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and	CC
Healthful	NNP
Mothering	NNP
.	.
Registered	NNP
Dietitian	NNP
and	CC
Doctorate	NNP
in	IN
Psychology	NNP
Our	PRP$
firm	NN
offers	VBZ
national	JJ
training	NN
,	,
retreats	NNS
and	CC
seminars	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
issues	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
women	NNS
,	,
eating	VBG
and	CC
health	NN
.	.
Audiences	NNS
include	VBP
corporations	NNS
,	,
schools	NNS
,	,
associations	NNS
and	CC
health	NN
professions	NNS
.	.
As	IN
the	DT
author	NN
of	IN
``	``
Love	NNP
the	DT
Body	NNP
You	PRP
Were	VBD
Born	NNP
With	IN
:	:
A	DT
Ten	CD
Step	NN
Workbook	NNP
for	IN
Women	NNP
''	''
published	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
by	IN
Berkley	NNP
and	CC
in	IN
8	CD
other	JJ
countries	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
focus	VBP
on	IN
prevention	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
women	NNS
across	IN
the	DT
lifespan	NN
.	.
``	``
Love	NNP
the	DT
Body	NNP
''	''
groups	NNS
are	VBP
offered	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
country	NN
in	IN
health	NN
clubs	NNS
,	,
schools	NNS
and	CC
hospitals	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
women	NNS
come	VB
to	TO
peace	NN
with	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
eating	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
individual	JJ
coaching	NN
via	IN
e-mail	NN
,	,
one-on-one	JJ
or	CC
telephone	NN
to	TO
women	NNS
interested	VBN
in	IN
empowering	VBG
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
and	CC
defining	VBG
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
beyond	IN
weight	NN
.	.
``	``
Happiness	NN
stems	VBZ
from	IN
a	DT
passion	NN
for	IN
life	NN
,	,
not	RB
another	DT
diet	NN
.	.
''	''
Pre-therapy	JJ
group	NN
:	:
Marathon	NNP
weekend	NN
for	IN
sufferers	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
members	NNS
.	.
Save	NNP
time	NN
and	CC
money	NN
by	IN
getting	VBG
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
information	NN
about	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
one	CD
weekend	NN
of	IN
classes	NNS
,	,
instead	RB
of	IN
dragging	VBG
it	PRP
out	RP
over	IN
many	JJ
weeks	NNS
of	IN
expensive	JJ
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
Link	NN
with	IN
others	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
boat	NN
.	.
Learn	VB
what	WP
you	PRP
would	MD
need	VB
to	TO
do	VB
to	TO
get	VB
over	IN
this	DT
!	.
Individual	JJ
therapy	NN
:	:
Sliding-scale	JJ
fee	NN
so	IN
that	IN
just	RB
about	IN
anyone	NN
can	MD
afford	VB
it	PRP
.	.
No	DT
insurance	NN
payments	NNS
or	CC
managed	VBN
care	NN
intrusions	NNS
,	,
so	RB
you	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
assured	VBN
of	IN
confidentiality	NN
and	CC
of	IN
continuing	VBG
care	NN
as	RB
long	RB
as	IN
YOU	PRP
want	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
Put	VB
into	IN
practice	NN
what	WP
you	PRP
learned	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
pre-therapy	JJ
marathon	NN
weekend	NN
.	.
Private	JJ
Practice	NN
with	IN
specialized	JJ
training	NN
in	IN
treatment	NN
of	IN
children	NNS
and	CC
adolscents	NNS
.	.
Experience	NN
with	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
life	NN
's	POS
issues	NNS
including	VBG
eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
,	,
axiety	NN
and	CC
depression	NN
.	.
Runs	VBZ
Women	NNP
's	POS
Self-Discovery	NNP
Group	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
treatment	NN
group	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
emotional	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
Also	RB
presents	VBZ
healthy	JJ
cooking	NN
classes	NNS
and	CC
wellness	JJ
workshops	NNS
.	.
Individual	NNP
and	CC
couples	NNS
psychotherapy	NN
and	CC
consultation	NN
,	,
occasional	JJ
groups	NNS
and	CC
seminars\/workshops	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
many	JJ
years	NNS
'	POS
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
to	TO
empower	VB
clients	NNS
,	,
helping	VBG
them	PRP
to	TO
stabilize	VB
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
patterns	NNS
,	,
increase	NN
self-acceptance	NN
and	CC
honor	NN
natural	JJ
appetites	NNS
and	CC
self-regulatory	JJ
processes	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
work	VB
from	IN
an	DT
addictions	NNS
model	NN
.	.
MSc	NNP
Addiction	NNP
Counselling	NNP
Progress	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
general	JJ
counselling	NN
practice	NN
specialising	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
addictions	NNS
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
compulsive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
therapeutic	JJ
surroundings	NNS
of	IN
St.	NNP
John	NNP
's	POS
Court	NNP
's	POS
we	PRP
offer	VBP
qualified	VBN
and	CC
affordable	JJ
care	NN
for	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
community	NN
.	.
We	PRP
run	VBP
a	DT
treatment	NN
program	NN
individually	RB
tailored	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
clients	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
also	RB
have	VBP
one	CD
to	TO
one	CD
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
families	NNS
counselling	VBG
,	,
workshops	NNS
and	CC
seminars	NNS
.	.
Indvidual	NNP
,	,
group	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
family	NN
counseling	NN
,	,
telephone	NN
coaching	NN
,	,
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
,	,
personal	JJ
training	NN
,	,
workshops	NNS
and	CC
retreats	NNS
for	IN
compulsive	JJ
eaters	NNS
,	,
binge	NN
eaters	NNS
,	,
people	NNS
of	IN
size	NN
who	WP
struggle	VBP
with	IN
diabetes	NN
and	CC
heart	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
Special	JJ
groups	NNS
for	IN
post	NN
bariatric	JJ
sugery	NN
patients	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
their	PRP$
body	NN
image	NN
and	CC
emotions	NNS
after	IN
weight	NN
loss	NN
.	.
``	``
Walk	VB
with	IN
Words	NNP
''	''
,	,
a	DT
walking	VBG
therapy	NN
group	NN
led	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
professional	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Brandywine	NNP
Center	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
all	DT
women	NNS
therapists	NNS
working	VBG
to	TO
help	VB
others	NNS
reach	VBP
meaningful	JJ
solutions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
challenges	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
diverse	JJ
,	,
experienced	JJ
and	CC
caring	VBG
group	NN
of	IN
psychologists	NNS
,	,
social	JJ
workers	NNS
and	CC
counselors	NNS
who	WP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
,	,
group	NN
,	,
couples	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
time-limited	JJ
workshops	NNS
on	IN
self-esteem	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
career	NN
issues	NNS
and	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
.	.
We	PRP
take	VBP
great	JJ
pride	NN
in	IN
our	PRP$
success	NN
in	IN
couseling	VBG
women	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
atmosphere	NN
at	IN
The	DT
Brandywine	NNP
Center	NNP
is	VBZ
warm	JJ
and	CC
welcoming	VBG
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
place	NN
where	WRB
people	NNS
feel	VBP
safe	JJ
,	,
nurtured	VBN
and	CC
respected	VBN
.	.
Our	PRP$
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
others	NNS
work	VB
toward	IN
a	DT
life	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
happier	JJR
,	,
more	RBR
harmonious	JJ
and	CC
more	RBR
fulfilling	VBG
.	.
Private	JJ
practice	NN
-	:
Licensed	VBN
Mental	NNP
Health	NNP
Counselor	NNP
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
addictions	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
recovery	NN
myself	PRP
since	IN
1983	CD
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
have	VBP
Body	NNP
Image	NN
Workshops	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
Certified	NNP
Imago	NNP
Relationship	NN
Therapist	NN
,	,
which	WDT
utilizes	VBZ
the	DT
Harville	NNP
Hendrix	NNP
couples	NNS
model	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
also	RB
a	DT
Certified	NNP
Hypnotherapist	NNP
and	CC
can	MD
utilize	VB
this	DT
skill	NN
in	IN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
William	NNP
Alanson	NNP
White	NNP
Institute	NNP
was	VBD
founded	VBN
in	IN
1943	CD
and	CC
has	VBZ
provided	VBN
in-depth	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
a	DT
wide	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
difficulties	NNS
in	IN
living	VBG
since	IN
that	DT
time	NN
.	.
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders\/Substance	NNP
Abuse	NNP
Service	NNP
offers	VBZ
individuals	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
history	NN
of	IN
addiction	NN
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
work	VB
toward	IN
substantive	JJ
character	NN
change	NN
through	IN
psychoanalytic	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
.	.
All	DT
clinicians	NNS
are	VBP
licensed	JJ
psychologists	NNS
or	CC
psychiatrists	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
either	DT
graduates	NNS
or	CC
current	JJ
matriculants	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
William	NNP
Alanson	NNP
White	NNP
program	NN
in	IN
psychoanalysis	NN
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
trained	VBN
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
concerns	NNS
of	IN
those	DT
experiencing	VBG
a	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and\/or	CC
compulsive	JJ
addictive	JJ
disorders	NNS
.	.
A	DT
moderate	JJ
level	NN
sliding	VBG
fee	NN
scale	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
when	WRB
there	EX
is	VBZ
financial	JJ
need	NN
.	.
Clinical	JJ
Therapist	NN
,	,
Art	NNP
PsychotherapistMy	NNP
private	JJ
practice	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
in	IN
Barnhart	NNP
,	,
Missouri	NNP
,	,
set	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
relaxing	JJ
wooded	JJ
atmosphere	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
adults	NNS
and	CC
children	NNS
,	,
incorporating	VBG
art	NN
therapy	NN
methods	NNS
into	IN
my	PRP$
work	NN
,	,
however	RB
use	NN
of	IN
this	DT
method	NN
is	VBZ
evaluated	VBN
on	IN
an	DT
individual	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
encourage	VBP
other	JJ
creative	JJ
therapies	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
music	NN
,	,
dance	NN
,	,
and	CC
journaling	NN
,	,
and	CC
help	VB
to	TO
explore	VB
alternative	JJ
healing	NN
paths	NNS
for	IN
individuals	NNS
.	.
Specialty	NNP
areas	NNS
are	VBP
-LRB-	-LRB-
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
-RRB-	-RRB-
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
sexual\/physical\/emotional	JJ
abuse	NN
,	,
single	JJ
parents	NNS
,	,
children	NNS
,	,
and	CC
teens	NNS
.	.
Naturopathic	JJ
Doctor	NNP
Naturopathic	JJ
medicine	NN
involves	VBZ
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
whole	JJ
person	NN
.	.
Therapies	NNS
include	VBP
homeopathy	NN
,	,
botanical	JJ
medicine	NN
,	,
acupuncture	NN
,	,
counseling	NN
and	CC
nutrition	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
individuals	NNS
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
remove	VB
the	DT
root	NN
cause	NN
of	IN
any	DT
health	NN
imbalances	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
experience	NN
with	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
health	NN
concerns	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
a	DT
specialty	NN
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
private	JJ
practice	NN
,	,
I	PRP
teach	VBP
and	CC
supervise	VBP
and	CC
the	DT
Canadian	JJ
College	NNP
of	IN
Naturopathic	NNP
Medicine	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
individual	JJ
,	,
group	NN
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
relaxation	NN
training	NN
,	,
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
modification	NN
,	,
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
training	NN
,	,
relapse	NN
prevention	NN
and	CC
maintenance	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
work	VBP
from	IN
a	DT
holistic	JJ
perspective	NN
,	,
integrating	VBG
Western	JJ
modalities	NNS
of	IN
treatment	NN
with	IN
transpersonal	JJ
elements	NNS
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
all	DT
about	IN
unsatisfied	JJ
,	,
out-of-control	JJ
,	,
painful	JJ
and	CC
negative	JJ
emotions	NNS
...	:
Healing	NN
on	IN
deeper	JJR
and	CC
root	NN
levels	NNS
means	VBZ
letting	VBG
go	VB
of	IN
these	DT
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
-	:
the	DT
fastest	JJS
way	NN
i	FW
have	VBP
found	VBN
is	VBZ
rebirthing	NN
-	:
and	CC
then	RB
working	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
mental	JJ
patterns	NNS
which	WDT
go	VBP
along	RP
with	IN
them	PRP
...	:
Get	VB
to	TO
the	DT
root	NN
of	IN
why	WRB
you	PRP
feel	VBP
so	RB
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
quickly	RB
and	CC
thouroughly	RB
,	,
clear	JJ
negative	JJ
emotional	JJ
and	CC
mental	JJ
patterns	NNS
using	VBG
combinations	NNS
of	IN
rebirthing	NN
,	,
intuitive	JJ
councelling	NN
and	CC
regression	NN
and	CC
healing	NN
sessions	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
work	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
any	DT
eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
,	,
whether	IN
you	PRP
overeat	VBP
or	CC
undereat	NN
.	.
The	DT
causes	NNS
are	VBP
always	RB
emotional	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
emotions	NNS
can	MD
always	RB
be	VB
healed	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
belief	NN
of	IN
eastern	JJ
physicians	NNS
that	IN
``	``
the	DT
cause	NN
of	IN
all	DT
negative	JJ
emotions	NNS
is	VBZ
a	DT
disruption	NN
in	IN
the	DT
body	NN
's	POS
energy	NN
system	NN
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
acupuncture	NN
and	CC
acupressure	NN
treatments	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
balance	VB
the	DT
energy	NN
in	IN
the	DT
body	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Kutlesa	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
psychologist	NN
who	WP
applies	VBZ
a	DT
holistic	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
counselling	NN
and	CC
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
mind-body	JJ
connections	NNS
,	,
health	NN
,	,
and	CC
wellness	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
expertise	NN
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
emotional	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Kutlesa	NNP
provides	VBZ
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
private	JJ
practice	NN
and	CC
offers	VBZ
workshops	NNS
on	IN
healthy	JJ
body-healthy	JJ
mind	NN
,	,
overcoming	VBG
perfectionism	NN
,	,
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Kutlesa	NNP
has	VBZ
conducted	VBN
extensive	JJ
research	NN
on	IN
perfectionism	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
presented	VBN
her	PRP$
findings	NNS
at	IN
many	JJ
conferences	NNS
across	IN
Canada	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
accepts	VBZ
referrals	NNS
from	IN
family	NN
physicians	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
self-referrals	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
currently	RB
in	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
starting	VBG
a	DT
new	JJ
support	NN
group	NN
for	IN
adults	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
interested	JJ
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
more	JJR
individuals	NNS
who	WP
want	VBP
to	TO
overcome	VB
the	DT
tyrany	NN
of	IN
compulsive	JJ
or	CC
addictive	JJ
patterns	NNS
of	IN
overeating	NN
,	,
undereating	NN
,	,
purging	VBG
or	CC
mental	JJ
obsessions	NNS
about	IN
food	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
25	CD
years	NNS
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
individuals	NNS
and	CC
groups	NNS
on	IN
recovery	NN
from	IN
abuse	NN
and	CC
addiction	NN
and	CC
personal	JJ
empowerment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
life-time	NN
's	POS
experience	NN
working	VBG
on	IN
eating	VBG
issues	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
inside	NN
out	RP
.	.
I	PRP
value	VBP
the	DT
12	CD
Steps	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
transformative	JJ
path	NN
to	TO
emotional	JJ
,	,
physical	JJ
,	,
mental	JJ
and	CC
spiritual	JJ
well-being	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
prefer	VB
emphasizing	VBG
flexibility	NN
,	,
with	IN
an	DT
emphasis	NN
on	IN
accumulating	VBG
successes	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
understand	VBP
as	RB
well	RB
,	,
that	IN
we	PRP
all	DT
differ	VBP
in	IN
our	PRP$
specific	JJ
needs	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
or	CC
less	RBR
structured	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
eating	VBG
patterns	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
rest	NN
of	IN
life	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
delight	VBP
in	IN
assisting	VBG
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
to	TO
discover	VB
and	CC
claim	VB
what	WP
works	VBZ
best	JJS
for	IN
her\/him	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
trained	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
holistic	JJ
and	CC
expressive	JJ
techniques	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
cognitive	JJ
and	CC
behavioral	JJ
re-patterning	NN
.	.
I	PRP
find	VBP
that	IN
many	JJ
folks	NNS
value	NN
most	RBS
the	DT
chance	NN
to	TO
`	``
get	VB
things	NNS
off	RP
their	PRP$
chest	NN
'	''
and	CC
`	``
sort	NN
things	NNS
out	RP
'	''
with	IN
someone	NN
who	WP
they	PRP
feel	VBP
understands	VBZ
,	,
honors	NNS
and	CC
celebrates	VBZ
them	PRP
in	IN
a	DT
real	JJ
way	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
fee	NN
is	VBZ
$	$
100	CD
for	IN
a	DT
60	CD
minute	JJ
hour	NN
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
work	VB
with	IN
some	DT
insurance	NN
companies	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
also	RB
negotiate	VB
a	DT
reduced	VBN
fee	NN
when	WRB
the	DT
circumstances	NNS
warrant	VBP
it	PRP
and	CC
there	EX
is	VBZ
room	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
schedule	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
office	NN
is	VBZ
currently	RB
near	IN
Arlington	NNP
Center	NNP
...	:
a	DT
brief	JJ
walk	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Mass	NNP
Ave	NNP
bus	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
reading	VBG
this	DT
,	,
know	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
including	VBG
you	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
prayers	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
counseling	NN
for	IN
those	DT
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
holistically	RB
,	,
and	CC
view	VB
this	DT
problem	NN
as	IN
a	DT
disorder	NN
of	IN
the	DT
mind	NN
,	,
body	NN
and	CC
spirit	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
complete	JJ
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
.	.
Sharing	VBG
my	PRP$
own	JJ
recovery	NN
and	CC
helping	VBG
others	NNS
heal	VB
and	CC
cultivate	VB
self-love	NN
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
life	NN
's	POS
work	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
using	VBG
motivational	JJ
enhanced	JJ
therapy	NN
and	CC
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
understanding	VBG
!	.
I	PRP
encourage	VBP
a	DT
team	NN
approach	NN
including	VBG
a	DT
doctor	NN
and	CC
Registered	NNP
Dietician	NNP
to	TO
assist	VB
you	PRP
in	IN
creating	VBG
health	NN
and	CC
change	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
process	NN
and	CC
you	PRP
get	VBP
to	TO
set	VB
the	DT
pace	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
hope	NN
!	.
Please	VB
contact	NN
my	PRP$
office	NN
or	CC
email	NN
me	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
will	MD
provide	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
a	DT
prompt	JJ
response	NN
.	.
Offering	VBG
a	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
counseling	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
,	,
couple	NN
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
children	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
emphasize	VBP
a	DT
holistic	JJ
and	CC
solution	NN
focused	VBD
approach	NN
to	TO
managing	VBG
issues	NNS
of	IN
everyday	JJ
life	NN
.	.
FindingStone	NNP
offers	VBZ
highly	RB
trained	VBN
,	,
experienced	VBD
therapists	NNS
,	,
a	DT
client	NN
centered	VBN
philosophy	NN
,	,
affordable	JJ
rates	NNS
and	CC
convenient	JJ
appointment	NN
times	NNS
.	.
Green	NNP
Bamboo	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
new	JJ
acupuncture	NN
and	CC
oriental	JJ
medicine	NN
office	NN
in	IN
Chicago	NNP
.	.
Among	IN
several	JJ
specialties	NNS
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
treated	VBN
using	VBG
the	DT
wholistic	JJ
and	CC
natural	JJ
approach	NN
of	IN
Eastern	NNP
therapy	NN
.	.
Acupuncture	NNP
and	CC
oriental	JJ
medicine	NN
is	VBZ
effective	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
and	CC
compulsive-binge	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
Underlying	JJ
issues	NNS
including	VBG
anxiety	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
obsessive-compulsive	JJ
disorder	NN
are	VBP
addressed	VBN
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
or	CC
write	VB
for	IN
further	JJ
information	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
every	DT
addiction	NN
holds	VBZ
profound	JJ
meaning	NN
and	CC
healing	NN
potential	NN
.	.
I	PRP
help	VBP
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
uncover	VBP
that	IN
meaning	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
deep	JJ
sources	NNS
of	IN
healing	NN
within	IN
the	DT
addiction	NN
itself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
provide	VBP
practical	JJ
,	,
everyday	JJ
approaches	NNS
to	TO
overcoming	VBG
compulsive	JJ
behavior	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
other	JJ
private	JJ
practitioners	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
clinic	NN
to	TO
address	VB
nutritional	JJ
and	CC
body-centered	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
A	DT
naturopathic	JJ
physician	NN
,	,
acupuncturist	NN
,	,
massage	NN
therapist	NN
,	,
and	CC
craniosacral	JJ
therapist	NN
are	VBP
available	JJ
for	IN
consultation	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
.	.
Methodologies	NNS
include	VBP
:	:
dream	NN
work	NN
;	:
sandplay	NN
;	:
art	NN
therapy	NN
;	:
active	JJ
imagination	NN
;	:
gestalt	NN
dialogue	NN
;	:
mindfulness	NN
,	,
awareness	NN
exploration	NN
;	:
cognitive	JJ
and	CC
behavioral	JJ
techniques	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
.	.
CCHT	NNP
and	CC
Clinical	NNP
Pyschologist	NNP
We	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
program	NN
,	,
not	RB
only	RB
do	VB
we	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
the	DT
emotional	JJ
part	NN
but	CC
we	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
a	DT
nutritional	JJ
program	NN
and	CC
herbal	JJ
program	NN
to	TO
get	VB
your	PRP$
body	NN
back	RB
in	IN
balance	NN
again	RB
.	.
We	PRP
use	VBP
hypnotherapy	NN
and	CC
counseling	NN
and	CC
we	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
nutritionist	NN
and	CC
a	DT
foot	NN
reflexologist	NN
to	TO
help	VB
check	VB
your	PRP$
bodies	NNS
needs	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
helping	VBG
many	JJ
clients	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
spent	VBN
years	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
``	``
In	IN
order	NN
to	TO
make	VB
all	DT
acupuncture	NN
thorough	JJ
and	CC
effective	JJ
one	NN
must	MD
first	RB
cure	VB
the	DT
spirit	NN
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
practice	VBP
Traditional	JJ
Chinese	JJ
Medicine	NN
with	IN
Five	CD
Element	NN
principles	NNS
.	.
Acupuncture	NNP
and	CC
Chinese	NNP
Medicine	NNP
assist	VB
with	IN
healing	NN
wounds	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
body	NN
,	,
mind	NN
and	CC
spirit	NN
.	.
This	DT
facilitates	VBZ
your	PRP$
developmental	JJ
process	NN
on	IN
your	PRP$
journey	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
,	,
helping	VBG
you	PRP
find	VBP
the	DT
health	NN
you	PRP
already	RB
have	VBP
inside	RB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
first	JJ
hand	NN
how	WRB
much	JJ
work	NN
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
,	,
having	VBG
recovered	VBN
from	IN
17	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Jaclyn	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
naturopath	NN
working	VBG
from	IN
Burleigh	NNP
Health	NNP
and	CC
Vitality	NNP
Centre	NNP
.	.
Jaclyn	NNP
's	POS
passion	NN
and	CC
dedication	NN
to	TO
helping	VBG
people	NNS
with	IN
different	JJ
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
began	VBD
after	IN
a	DT
close	JJ
experience	NN
with	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
years	NNS
ago	RB
.	.
Jaclyn	NNP
uses	VBZ
counselling	NN
,	,
herbal	JJ
medicine	NN
,	,
homeopathy	NN
,	,
nutrition	NN
and	CC
massage	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
an	DT
individual	JJ
and	CC
their	PRP$
family	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
journey	NN
to	TO
overcome	VB
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
holistic	JJ
treatment	NN
approach	NN
,	,
which	WDT
means	VBZ
examining	VBG
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
oneself	NN
:	:
psychological	JJ
,	,
emotional	JJ
,	,
physical	JJ
and	CC
spiritual	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
for	IN
10	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
've	VBP
also	RB
worked	VBN
in	IN
residential	JJ
facilities	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
invite	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
discover	VB
the	DT
freedom	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Being	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
woman	NN
's	POS
body	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
struggle	NN
for	IN
most	JJS
of	IN
us	PRP
,	,
yet	RB
we	PRP
all	DT
feel	VBP
alone	RB
.	.
Merrill	NNP
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
break	VB
the	DT
isolation	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
through	IN
shared	VBN
meals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
programs	NNS
designed	VBN
to	TO
empower	VB
women	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
deeper	JJR
understanding	NN
of	IN
food	NN
and	CC
body	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
private	JJ
sessions	NNS
involve	VBP
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
principles	NNS
of	IN
ayurveda	NN
,	,
and	CC
craniosacral\/polarity	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
Indigo	NNP
House	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
counselling	NN
and	CC
Natural	JJ
Therapies	NNS
clinic	NN
,	,
centrally	RB
located	VBN
in	IN
Brisbane	NNP
.	.
Practitioners	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
disciplines	NNS
,	,
psychology	NN
,	,
naturopathy	NN
,	,
chinese	JJ
medicine	NN
,	,
acupuncture	NN
,	,
massage	NN
,	,
chiropractic	NN
.	.
Michelle	NNP
McClintock	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
registered	VBN
psychologist	NN
who	WP
practices	NNS
from	IN
Indigo	NNP
House	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
experience	NN
in	IN
supporting	VBG
those	DT
living	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
issues	NNS
and	CC
welcomes	VBZ
any	DT
enquires	VBZ
.	.
A	DT
free	JJ
30	CD
minute	NN
consultation	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
explore	VB
how	WRB
Michelle	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
of	IN
assistance	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
psychotherapist	NN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
in	IN
the	DT
greater	JJR
Toronto	NNP
area	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
15	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
in	IN
the	DT
counselling	NN
field	NN
.	.
I	PRP
currently	RB
specialize	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
males	NNS
and	CC
females	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
to	TO
treatment	NN
is	VBZ
holistic	JJ
and	CC
includes	VBZ
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
art	NN
therapy	NN
and	CC
Adlerian	JJ
Life	NNP
style	NN
assessment	NN
to	TO
help	VB
promote	VB
growth	NN
and	CC
self	NN
understanding	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
treatment	NN
of	IN
clients	NNS
with	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
understanding	NN
and	CC
resolving	VBG
underlying	VBG
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
which	WDT
might	MD
be	VB
driving	VBG
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
is	VBZ
offered	VBN
in	IN
two	CD
locations	NNS
,	,
Downtown	NN
Toronto	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Thornill	NNP
area	NN
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
(905) 763-0660	CD
to	TO
arrange	VB
for	IN
an	DT
assessment	NN
.	.
Fees	NNS
to	TO
sliding	VBG
scale	NN
.	.
Traditional	JJ
Chinese	JJ
Medicine	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
TCM	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
system	NN
of	IN
health	NN
care	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
the	DT
capacity	NN
to	TO
effectively	RB
address	VB
the	DT
emotional	JJ
and	CC
physical	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Examples	NNS
of	IN
complaints	NNS
treatable	JJ
by	IN
TCM	NNP
include	VBP
Irritable	JJ
Bowel	NNP
Syndrome	NNP
,	,
gastroesophageal	JJ
reflux	NN
,	,
gynecological	JJ
issues	NNS
and	CC
infertility	NN
,	,
insomnia	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
obsessive	JJ
thinking	NN
.	.
Traditional	JJ
Chinese	JJ
Medicine	NN
is	VBZ
complementary	JJ
care	NN
that	WDT
supplements	VBZ
your	PRP$
ongoing	JJ
therapies	NNS
and	CC
treatment	NN
by	IN
adding	VBG
a	DT
holistic	JJ
dimension	NN
that	WDT
reintegrates	VBZ
the	DT
body	NN
,	,
emotions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
mind	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
Licensed	VBN
Acupuncturist	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
bring	VBP
training	NN
in	IN
acupuncture	NN
,	,
herbal	JJ
medicine	NN
,	,
meditation	NN
,	,
massage	NN
,	,
and	CC
energetic	JJ
exercise	NN
together	RB
with	IN
a	DT
sensitivity	NN
toward	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
complete	JJ
care	NN
possible	JJ
.	.
Ed	NNP
.	.
M.	NNP
,	,
Reiki	NNP
Master	NNP
,	,
EFT	NNP
Practioner	NNP
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
holistic	JJ
psychotherapist	NN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
since	IN
1989	CD
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
,	,
couples	NNS
and	CC
group	NN
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
consultation	NN
and	CC
supervision	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
focus	NN
is	VBZ
on	IN
using	VBG
mind\/body\/spirit	JJ
connections	NNS
to	TO
work	VB
collaboratively	RB
with	IN
clients	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
feel	VBP
that	IN
within	IN
each	DT
client	NN
there	EX
is	VBZ
wholeness	NN
and	CC
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
psychotherapy	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
discovery	NN
of	IN
the	DT
path	NN
to	TO
understanding	VBG
one	CD
's	POS
own	JJ
whole	JJ
self	NN
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
this	DT
respect	NN
clients	NNS
usually	RB
experience	VBP
acceptance	NN
and	CC
an	DT
extraordinary	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
safety	NN
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
an	DT
integrative	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
utilize	VB
a	DT
wide	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
tools	NNS
and	CC
techniques	NNS
to	TO
bring	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
effective	JJ
therapy	NN
to	TO
each	DT
clients	NNS
specific	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
These	DT
tools	NNS
include	VBP
client-centered	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
energy	NN
therapies	NNS
;	:
EFT	NNP
and	CC
Reiki	NNP
,	,
imaginal	JJ
therapy	NN
and	CC
hypnosis	NN
,	,
expressive	JJ
therapy	NN
and	CC
bodywork	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
specialized	VBN
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
addictions	NNS
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
PTSD	NNP
,	,
trauma	NN
,	,
and	CC
sexuality	NN
issues	NNS
for	IN
many	JJ
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
bring	VBP
personal	JJ
experience	NN
with	IN
addictions	NNS
to	TO
inform	VB
my	PRP$
understanding	VBG
the	DT
recovery	NN
process	NN
.	.
What	WP
I	PRP
have	VBP
found	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
most	RBS
effective	JJ
for	IN
weight	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
food	NN
addictions	NNS
and	CC
all	PDT
the	DT
accompanying	VBG
self-hate	NN
is	VBZ
therapeutic	JJ
process	NN
and	CC
tapping	VBG
accupressure	NN
points	NNS
.	.
Using	VBG
EFT	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Emotional	JJ
Freedom	NNP
Technique	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
with	IN
process	NN
``	``
unsticks	JJ
''	''
underlying	VBG
beliefs	NNS
that	WDT
will-power	NN
ca	MD
n't	RB
touch	VB
.	.
Groups	NNS
utilizing	VBG
these	DT
techniques	NNS
are	VBP
beginning	VBG
this	DT
Spring	NN
2002	CD
and	CC
will	MD
continue	VB
through	IN
out	IN
the	DT
year	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
objective	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
,	,
group	NN
,	,
and	CC
couple	NN
's	POS
psychotherapy	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
holistically	RB
oriented	VBN
and	CC
comprehensive	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
ie	FW
;	:
incorporates	VBZ
collateral	NN
resources	NNS
and	CC
characterized	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
eclectic	JJ
knowledge	NN
base	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
My	PRP$
specializations	NNS
pertain	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
addictive	JJ
disorders	NNS
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
trauma\/rape	NN
trauma\/incest	NN
trauma	NN
,	,
and	CC
ACOA\/Co-dependency	NNP
recovery	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
skills	NNS
encompass	VBP
integrating	VBG
12-step	JJ
philosophy	NN
within	IN
treatment	NN
,	,
creative	JJ
visualization\/hypnotic	JJ
imagry	NN
,	,
comprehensive	JJ
understanding	NN
of	IN
ACOA\/Co-dependency	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
training	NN
and	CC
experience	NN
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
trained	JJ
rape	NN
counselor	NN
.	.
I	PRP
accept	VBP
most	RBS
major	JJ
insurance	NN
andfees	NNS
are	VBP
generally	RB
negotiated	VBN
based	VBN
on	IN
income	NN
.	.
Keep	VB
the	DT
faith	NN
-	:
in	IN
the	DT
words	NNS
of	IN
Lao	NNP
Tsu	NNP
``	``
The	DT
journey	NN
of	IN
a	DT
thousand	CD
miles	NNS
begins	VBZ
and	CC
ends	VBZ
with	IN
one	CD
step	NN
''	''
Certifed	NNP
Hypnotherapist	NNP
,	,
Cert	NNP
.	.
Energy	NNP
Therapist	NNP
A	NNP
Holostic	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Healing	NNP
...	:
Explore	VB
new	JJ
and	CC
motivating	VBG
perspectives	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
exciting	JJ
and	CC
useful	JJ
information	NN
.	.
Please	VB
enter	VB
and	CC
``	``
dis-cover	NN
''	''
scientific	JJ
and	CC
spiritual	JJ
concepts	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
challenge	VB
and	CC
ignite	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
lead	VB
a	DT
new	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
holistic	JJ
living	NN
.	.
At	IN
Siskeene	NNP
's	POS
Emerging	VBG
Light	NN
,	,
we	PRP
invite	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
re-emergence	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
true	JJ
potentiality	NN
.	.
To	TO
review	VB
your	PRP$
life	NN
``	``
problems	NNS
''	''
as	IN
potential	JJ
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
growth	NN
and	CC
to	TO
expand	VB
your	PRP$
level	NN
of	IN
awareness	NN
to	TO
a	DT
new	JJ
more	JJR
positive	JJ
perspective	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
team	NN
we	PRP
draw	VBP
on	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
psychological	JJ
,	,
spiritual	JJ
and	CC
scientific	JJ
concepts	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
foundation	NN
of	IN
balance	NN
and	CC
validation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
.	.
We	PRP
view	VBP
the	DT
whole	JJ
person	NN
as	IN
an	DT
integration	NN
of	IN
body	NN
mind\/spirit	NN
and	CC
that	IN
thoughts	NNS
create	VBP
emotions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
emotions	NNS
create	VBP
beliefs	NNS
and	CC
beliefs	NNS
ultimately	RB
define	VBP
our	PRP$
physical	JJ
reality	NN
.	.
To	TO
change	VB
our	PRP$
physical	JJ
reality	NN
for	IN
the	DT
better	JJR
,	,
we	PRP
must	MD
go	VB
within	IN
ourselves	PRP
and	CC
shift	VB
our	PRP$
thought	NN
patterns	NNS
and	CC
emotions	NNS
and	CC
modify	VB
our	PRP$
beliefs	NNS
to	TO
change	VB
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
seminars	NNS
,	,
retreats	NNS
and	CC
holistic	JJ
health	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Ehrlich	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Naturopathic	JJ
Physician	NN
who	WP
integrates	VBZ
conventional	JJ
medicine	NN
with	IN
Complementary	JJ
and	CC
Alternative	NNP
Medicine	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CAM	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
along	IN
with	IN
counseling	NN
therapy	NN
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
food	NN
addictions	NNS
,	,
anorexiea	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
An	DT
author	NN
,	,
lecturer	NN
and	CC
clinician	NN
doctor	NN
Ehrlich	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
teaching	VBG
medical	JJ
students	NNS
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
treat	VB
dysfunctional	JJ
food	NN
relationships	NNS
in	IN
patients	NNS
for	IN
years	NNS
.	.
His	PRP$
treatment	NN
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
a	DT
whole-person	JJ
approach	NN
using	VBG
psychological	JJ
,	,
nutrtitional	JJ
,	,
herbal	JJ
and	CC
energetic	JJ
based	VBN
interventions	NNS
.	.
Prescription	NN
drugs	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
prescribed	VBN
if	IN
deemed	VBN
necessary	JJ
.	.
Feel	NNP
free	JJ
to	TO
contact	VB
Dr.	NNP
Ehrlich	NNP
at	IN
either	DT
of	IN
his	PRP$
AZ	NNP
offices	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Aeed	NNP
works	VBZ
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
dual	JJ
addiction	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
psychological	JJ
concerns	NNS
.	.
Outpatient	NN
individual	JJ
and\/or	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
holistically	RB
focused	VBN
and	CC
tailored	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
goals	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
and	CC
supportive	JJ
setting	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Aeed	NNP
works	VBZ
has	VBZ
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
with	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
approaches	NNS
including	VBG
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
,	,
relational	JJ
work	NN
,	,
EMDR	NNP
,	,
and	CC
hypnosis	NN
.	.
Diploma	NN
remedial	JJ
massage	NN
,	,
reiki	NN
,	,
chakra	NN
balancing	NN
Being	VBG
passionate	JJ
about	IN
the	DT
power	NN
of	IN
healing	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
beautiful	JJ
thing	NN
.	.
And	CC
to	TO
see	VB
someone	NN
discover	VBP
the	DT
healing	NN
power	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
within	IN
is	VBZ
the	DT
joy	NN
that	WDT
massage	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
me	PRP
.	.
As	IN
an	DT
intuitive	JJ
therapist	NN
i	FW
listen	VBP
to	TO
your	PRP$
body	NN
and	CC
take	VB
note	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
massaged	VBN
celebrities	NNS
,	,
lectured	VBD
about	IN
sports	NNS
massage	NN
in	IN
the	DT
states	NNS
and	CC
conducted	VBN
classes	NNS
on	IN
different	JJ
massage	NN
techniques	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
santuary	JJ
is	VBZ
open	JJ
to	TO
visitors	NNS
,	,
see	VBP
you	PRP
soon	RB
...	:
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Center	NNP
at	IN
River	NNP
Oaks	NNP
Hospital	NNP
is	VBZ
committed	VBN
to	TO
providing	VBG
a	DT
holistic	JJ
treatment	NN
approach	NN
that	WDT
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
helping	VBG
patients	NNS
develop	VB
a	DT
healthy	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
,	,
body	NN
,	,
self	NN
and	CC
others	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
provides	VBZ
intensive	JJ
individual	NN
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
to	TO
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
and	CC
related	JJ
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
offers	VBZ
both	DT
inpatient	JJ
and	CC
partial	JJ
hospitalization	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
male	NN
and	CC
female	NN
patients	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
under	IN
the	DT
direction	NN
of	IN
Susan	NNP
G.	NNP
Willard	NNP
,	,
LCSW	NNP
and	CC
George	NNP
Daul	NNP
,	,
M.D.	NNP
,	,
whos	VBZ
multi-disciplinary	JJ
treatment	NN
team	NN
approach	NN
has	VBZ
received	VBN
national	JJ
recognition	NN
in	IN
setting	VBG
the	DT
standard	NN
for	IN
excellence	NN
in	IN
the	DT
care	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
patients	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Oak	NNP
House	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
private	JJ
outpatient	NN
facility	NN
providing	VBG
individually	RB
designed	VBN
,	,
self-paced	JJ
,	,
recovery	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
all	DT
types	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
dedicated	VBN
team	NN
of	IN
professionals	NNS
provide	VBP
intensive	JJ
counselling	NN
,	,
both	DT
psychological	JJ
and	CC
dietetic	JJ
for	IN
sufferers	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
and	CC
gender	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
support	NN
for	IN
family	NN
members	NNS
and	CC
significant	JJ
others	NNS
,	,
all	DT
within	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
,	,
nurturing	VBG
and	CC
homely	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
We	PRP
walk	VBP
beside	RB
our	PRP$
clients	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
re-discovery	NN
of	IN
the	DT
self	NN
beyond	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Self-referral	JJ
.	.
Perhaps	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
area	NN
of	IN
healing	NN
,	,
the	DT
issues	NNS
surrounding	VBG
eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
and	CC
addictions	NNS
are	VBP
bound	VBN
up	RP
in	IN
shame	NN
and	CC
guilt	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
or	CC
someone	NN
you	PRP
care	VBP
about	RB
is	VBZ
suffering	VBG
in	IN
this	DT
way	NN
,	,
the	DT
right	JJ
therapy	NN
can	MD
allow	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
come	VB
out	RP
from	IN
the	DT
weight	NN
of	IN
secrecy	NN
and	CC
shame	NN
into	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
personal	JJ
agency	NN
and	CC
self-direction	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
Model	NNP
:	:
Respect	NN
,	,
compassion	NN
,	,
authentic	JJ
connection	NN
with	IN
self	NN
and	CC
others	NNS
,	,
and	CC
active	JJ
self-care	NN
are	VBP
the	DT
corner	NN
stones	NNS
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
receive	VB
a	DT
Client	NN
centred	VBD
,	,
experiential	JJ
,	,
Psycho-spiritual	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
healing	NN
and	CC
recovery	NN
with	IN
practical	JJ
exercises	NNS
and	CC
homework	NN
assignments	NNS
.	.
Methods	NNS
:	:
Treatment	NNP
includes	VBZ
:	:
Identifying	VBG
the	DT
spiritual	JJ
\/	NN
emotional	JJ
\/	NN
interpersonal	JJ
splits	VBZ
that	IN
lead	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
addiction	NN
or	CC
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
Stop	NNP
using	VBG
dysfunction	NN
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
beat	VB
up	RP
on	IN
yourself	PRP
and	CC
turn	VB
it	PRP
into	IN
a	DT
path	NN
to	TO
healing	NN
and	CC
inner	JJ
growth	NN
.	.
Full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
approaches	NNS
and	CC
interventions	NNS
including	VBG
:	:
Traditional	JJ
Family	NNP
of	IN
Origin\/System	NNP
Dynamics	NNP
,	,
Harm	NNP
Reduction	NNP
,	,
Dynamic	NNP
Emotional\/Stress	NNP
Release	NNP
Work	NNP
,	,
Inner	NNP
Child	NNP
\/	VBD
Re-parenting	JJ
Work	NN
,	,
Sexual	NNP
and	CC
Body	NNP
Image	NN
Healing	NN
.	.
Facing	VBG
your	PRP$
inner	JJ
demons	NNS
with	IN
strength	NN
,	,
dignity	NN
,	,
and	CC
creativity	NN
.	.
Finding	VBG
and	CC
expressing	VBG
your	PRP$
inner	JJ
voice	NN
and	CC
personal	JJ
truth	NN
.	.
Family\/couple	NN
counseling	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
supportive	JJ
,	,
authentic	JJ
,	,
fulfilling	VBG
relationships	NNS
during	IN
and	CC
after	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
One	CD
on	IN
one	CD
private	JJ
individual	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
available	JJ
for	IN
time	NN
periods	NNS
of	IN
3	CD
days	NNS
up	RB
.	.
Treats	VBZ
all	DT
forms	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
addictions	NNS
;	:
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
Helping	VBG
to	TO
build	VB
foundations	NNS
of	IN
wholeness	NN
and	CC
well	RB
being	VBG
since1984	CD
Payment	NN
options	NNS
:	:
cash\/cheques	NNS
,	,
sliding	VBG
scale	NN
,	,
\*	SYM
Finding	VBG
a	DT
therapist	NN
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
complex	JJ
endeavor-in	NN
order	NN
to	TO
facilitate	VB
your	PRP$
process	NN
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
welcome	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
complimentary	JJ
initial	JJ
phone	NN
session	NN
.	.
Compassion	NNP
,	,
an	DT
understanding	NN
ear	NN
,	,
a	DT
practitioner	NN
who	WP
listens	VBZ
and	CC
takes	VBZ
time	NN
to	TO
do	VB
the	DT
very	RB
best	RB
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
commitment	NN
to	TO
all	DT
my	PRP$
patients	NNS
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
an	DT
integral	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
anyones	JJ
healing	NN
process	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
experience	NN
with	IN
Chinese	JJ
Medicine	NN
spans	NNS
nine	CD
years	NNS
,	,
five	CD
of	IN
which	WDT
where	WRB
spent	VBN
studying	VBG
in	IN
Taiwan	NNP
.	.
Let	NNP
's	POS
work	NN
together	RB
to	TO
bring	VB
about	RB
change	NN
.	.
Offering	VBG
individual	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
counseling	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
recovery	NN
using	VBG
treatment	NN
team	NN
approach	NN
.	.
Play	NNP
and	CC
art	NN
therapy	NN
modalities	NNS
utilized	VBD
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
family	NN
systems	NNS
,	,
and	CC
reality	NN
based	VBN
therapy	NN
.	.
Personal	JJ
history	NN
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
recovery	NN
adds	VBZ
to	TO
professional	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
Diana	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
licensed	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
counselor	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
older	JJR
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
Her	PRP$
treatment	NN
approach	NN
is	VBZ
relational	JJ
and	CC
integrative	JJ
with	IN
a	DT
strong	JJ
focus	NN
on	IN
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
and	CC
psychodynamic	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
She	PRP
works	VBZ
closely	RB
with	IN
families	NNS
and	CC
clients	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
offering	VBG
psychoeducation	NN
,	,
therapy	NN
and	CC
counseling	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
compassionate	JJ
approach	NN
supports	VBZ
the	DT
complex	JJ
journey	NN
toward	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Specializing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
and	CC
anorexia	NN
in	IN
Paris	NNP
for	IN
over	IN
10	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Provides	VBZ
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
psychotherapy	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
uses	NNS
techniques	NNS
in	IN
art	NN
therapy	NN
in	IN
exploring	VBG
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
contributing	VBG
to	TO
distructive	JJ
behavior	NN
while	IN
simultaneously	RB
changing	VBG
negative	JJ
patterns	NNS
.	.
Works	NNP
in	IN
English	NNP
and	CC
Frehch	NNP
.	.
East	NNP
Amherst	NNP
Psychology	NNP
GroupIndividal	NNP
and	CC
Family	NNP
therapy	NN
with	IN
a	DT
focus	NN
on	IN
self	NN
care	NN
and	CC
self	NN
understanding	NN
.	.
Journaling	VBG
and	CC
drawing	VBG
are	VBP
used	VBN
as	IN
comfortable	JJ
for	IN
each	DT
person	NN
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
,	,
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
individually	RB
designed	VBN
.	.
Group	NNP
work	NN
is	VBZ
mind\/body	JJ
and	CC
integates	VBZ
cognitve	NN
behavioral	JJ
techiniques	NNS
and	CC
yoga	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
done	VBN
in	IN
collaboration	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNS
at	IN
Expressly	RB
for	IN
Women	NNS
housed	VBN
in	IN
Sisters	NNP
Hospital	NNP
in	IN
Buffalo	NNP
NY	NNP
.	.
Psychological	JJ
work	NN
is	VBZ
done	VBN
in	IN
collaboration	NN
with	IN
MD	NNP
and	CC
nutritionist	NN
so	RB
that	IN
meal	NN
planning	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
and	CC
health	NN
are	VBP
managed	VBN
by	IN
medical	JJ
team	NN
members	NNS
.	.
Team	NNP
communication	NN
is	VBZ
ongoing	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
expressive	JJ
arts	NNS
in	IN
therapy	NN
in	IN
both	DT
group	NN
and	CC
individual	JJ
sessions	NNS
.	.
Clients	NNS
are	VBP
facillited	VBN
in	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
process	NN
to	TO
explore	VB
images	NNS
and	CC
stories	NNS
of	IN
thier	JJR
lives	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
supportive	JJ
and	CC
non-judgemental	JJ
counselling	NN
experience	NN
.	.
The	DT
Montreal	NNP
Therapy	NNP
Centre	NNP
offers	VBZ
personalized	VBN
treatment	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
and	CC
families	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
issues	NNS
including	VBG
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
self-esteem	NN
,	,
women	NNS
's	POS
issues	NNS
,	,
parenting	NN
,	,
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
team	NN
of	IN
therapists	NNS
are	VBP
specialized	VBN
in	IN
various	JJ
modalities	NNS
including	VBG
Emotionally	RB
Focused	VBN
Therapy	NNP
,	,
Art	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
Psychodynamic	NNP
Psychotherapy	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Solution	NN
Focused	VBN
Therapy	NNP
.	.
Sliding	VBG
fee	NN
scale	NN
rates	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
help	VBP
young	JJ
adult	NN
women	NNS
find	VBP
the	DT
underlying	VBG
causes	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
by	IN
assisting	VBG
them	PRP
in	IN
discovering	VBG
their	PRP$
authentic	JJ
self	NN
and	CC
the	DT
role	NN
that	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
has	VBZ
played	VBN
in	IN
their	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
individual	JJ
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
group	NN
&	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
to	TO
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
needs	NNS
and	CC
unique	JJ
situation	NN
.	.
Some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
methods	NNS
I	PRP
use	VBP
are	VBP
expressive	JJ
arts	NNS
therapies	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
journaling	NN
,	,
music	NN
,	,
sandtray	NN
,	,
art	NN
,	,
movement	NN
&	CC
clay	NN
.	.
Of	IN
course	NN
,	,
these	DT
are	VBP
only	RB
used	VBN
when	WRB
the	DT
client	NN
is	VBZ
comfortable	JJ
with	IN
these	DT
methods	NNS
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
.	.
Recovery	NN
is	VBZ
within	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Take	VB
the	DT
first	JJ
step	NN
.	.
Expressive	JJ
art	NN
therapy	NN
from	IN
an	DT
experienced	JJ
art	NN
therapist	NN
who	WP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
patients	NNS
.	.
Therapy	NN
sessions	NNS
consist	VBP
of	IN
artistic	JJ
and	CC
verbal	JJ
interactions	NNS
and	CC
has	VBZ
been	VBN
shown	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
useful	JJ
tool	NN
when	WRB
working	VBG
with	IN
patients	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
For	IN
many	JJ
patients	NNS
art	NN
therapy	NN
offers	VBZ
a	DT
unique	JJ
avenue	NN
for	IN
therapy	NN
and	CC
personal	JJ
development	NN
.	.
Personal	JJ
experience	NN
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
leads	VBZ
me	PRP
to	TO
believe	VB
that	IN
full	JJ
recovery	NN
is	VBZ
completely	RB
possible	JJ
.	.
Individual	NNP
and	CC
group	NN
psychootherapies	NNS
are	VBP
used	VBN
for	IN
treatment	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
,	,
and	CC
any	DT
anxiety	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
food	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
Creative	JJ
therapies	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
art	NN
,	,
dance	NN
,	,
yoga	NN
,	,
and	CC
music	NN
are	VBP
integrated	VBN
when	WRB
appropriate	JJ
.	.
Males	NNS
and	CC
females	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
age	NN
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
inquire	VB
.	.
Sue	VB
Keith	NNP
,	,
RN	NNP
,	,
BSN	NNP
,	,
MSW	NNP
,	,
Art	NNP
PsychotherapistThis	NNP
practice	NN
offers	VBZ
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
counseling	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
practice	NN
also	RB
offers	VBZ
support	NN
groups	NNS
for	IN
individuals	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
any	DT
kind	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
individualized	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
client	NN
's	POS
particular	JJ
need	NN
or	CC
needs	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
art	NN
therapy	NN
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
these	DT
disorders	NNS
,	,
also	RB
.	.
Sometimes	RB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
easier	JJR
for	IN
clients	NNS
to	TO
show	VB
their	PRP$
hurt	NN
and	CC
pain	NN
in	IN
the	DT
form	NN
of	IN
drawing	VBG
or	CC
painting	VBG
instead	RB
of	IN
verbalizing	VBG
it	PRP
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
therapy	NN
for	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
services	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
caring	NN
,	,
non-judgmental	JJ
atmosphere	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
here	RB
for	IN
our	PRP$
clients	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
serve	VB
them	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
capacity	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
best	JJS
suited	VBN
for	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Master	NNP
's	POS
,	,
Board	NNP
Certified	NNP
Creative	NNP
Arts	NNP
Therapists	NNPS
Master	NNP
's	POS
level	NN
,	,
board	NN
certified	VBD
Creative	NNP
Arts	NNP
Therapists	NNPS
with	IN
clinical	JJ
supervision	NN
by	IN
a	DT
licensed	JJ
psychologist	NN
offering	NN
small	JJ
group	NN
creative	JJ
arts	NNS
therapy	NN
for	IN
children	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
utilizing	VBG
art	NN
,	,
music	NN
,	,
dance	NN
,	,
drama	NN
and	CC
culinary	JJ
arts	NNS
as	IN
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
heal	VB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
with	IN
adolescents	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
and	CC
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
for	IN
over	IN
ten	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
a	DT
warm	JJ
,	,
collaborative	JJ
environment	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
conducive	JJ
to	TO
working	VBG
hard	RB
and	CC
to	TO
healing	NN
!	.
I	PRP
combine	VBP
traditional	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
with	IN
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
and	CC
art	NN
therapy	NN
techniques	NNS
.	.
Clients	NNS
gain	NN
concrete	NN
,	,
useful	JJ
tools	NNS
to	TO
replace	VB
negative	JJ
,	,
unwanted	JJ
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
behaviors	NNS
with	IN
positive	JJ
,	,
healthy	JJ
ones	NNS
.	.
School	NNP
consultations	NNS
and	CC
home	NN
visits	NNS
available	JJ
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
group	NN
,	,
family	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
Intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
program	NN
offering	NN
supervised	VBD
meals	NNS
,	,
art	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
nutritional	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
medication	NN
management	NN
all	DT
provided	VBN
by	IN
specialists	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Special	JJ
groups	NNS
for	IN
binge	NN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Centers	NNPS
-LRB-	-LRB-
EDTC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
recognize	VBP
that	IN
these	DT
complex	JJ
problems	NNS
often	RB
require	VBP
more	JJR
help	NN
than	IN
can	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
in	IN
traditional	JJ
once-a-week	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
there	EX
are	VBP
tremendous	JJ
advantages	NNS
to	TO
receiving	VBG
treatment	NN
while	IN
continuing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
normal	JJ
routine	NN
of	IN
daily	JJ
life	NN
.	.
Progress	NNP
made	VBD
while	IN
living	VBG
at	IN
home	NN
is	VBZ
more	RBR
likely	JJ
to	TO
persist	VB
than	IN
changes	NNS
made	VBN
in	IN
artificial	JJ
settings	NNS
of	IN
hospital	NN
or	CC
residential	JJ
facilities	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
late	JJ
afternoon	NN
through	IN
evening	NN
programs	NNS
permit	VBP
clients	NNS
to	TO
remain	VB
at	IN
home	NN
and	CC
attend	VB
work	NN
or	CC
school	NN
while	IN
participating	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
range	NN
of	IN
therapies	NNS
to	TO
treat	VB
these	DT
disorders	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
programs	NNS
include	VBP
a	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
group	NN
therapies	NNS
together	RB
with	IN
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
When	WRB
appropriate	JJ
,	,
medication	NN
management	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
available	JJ
for	IN
clients	NNS
with	IN
associated	VBN
problems	NNS
of	IN
depression	NN
and	CC
anxiety	NN
.	.
A	DT
staff-supported	JJ
group	NN
dinner	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
important	JJ
element	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
It	PRP
allows	VBZ
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
practice	VB
with	IN
staff	NN
the	DT
more	JJR
normal	JJ
eating	NN
patterns	NNS
clients	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
implement	VB
at	IN
home	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
our	PRP$
program	NN
services	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
offer	VBP
traditional	JJ
outpatient	NN
therapies	NNS
at	IN
all	DT
our	PRP$
locations	NNS
.	.
These	DT
therapies	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
step-down	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
program	NN
or	CC
an	DT
alternative	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
require	VB
as	IN
intense	JJ
an	DT
approach	NN
.	.
We	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
many	JJ
clients	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
embark	VBP
on	IN
treatment	NN
with	IN
anxiety	NN
.	.
While	IN
therapy	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
is	VBZ
hard	JJ
work	NN
,	,
we	PRP
believe	VBP
it	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
a	DT
positive	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
To	TO
this	DT
end	NN
we	PRP
have	VBP
endeavored	VBN
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
truly	RB
supportive	JJ
environment	NN
of	IN
care	NN
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
space	NN
and	CC
staff	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
facilities	NNS
are	VBP
homelike	JJ
and	CC
comfortable	JJ
;	:
very	RB
simply	RB
,	,
a	DT
nice	JJ
place	NN
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
The	DT
staff	NN
at	IN
EDTC	NNP
are	VBP
genuinely	RB
enthusiastic	JJ
about	IN
their	PRP$
work	NN
with	IN
clients	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
been	VBN
selected	VBN
for	IN
their	PRP$
expertise	NN
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
team	NN
of	IN
professionals	NNS
includes	VBZ
doctoral	JJ
and	CC
masters	NNS
level	NN
psychologists	NNS
,	,
licensed	VBD
clinical	JJ
social	JJ
workers	NNS
,	,
certified	JJ
art	NN
therapists	NNS
,	,
registered	VBN
dieticians	NNS
and	CC
board	NN
certified	VBD
psychiatrists	NNS
.	.
The	DT
programs	NNS
are	VBP
under	IN
the	DT
direction	NN
of	IN
Michael	NNP
Pertschuk	NNP
,	,
M.D.	NNP
,	,
Clinical	NNP
Professor	NNP
of	IN
Psychiatry	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Pennsylvania	NNP
,	,
with	IN
over	IN
two	CD
decades	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
EDTC	NNP
participates	VBZ
in	IN
many	JJ
insurance	NN
networks	NNS
for	IN
its	PRP$
program	NN
services	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
largely	RB
or	CC
entirely	RB
covered	VBN
.	.
Clients	NNS
served	VBD
include	VBP
adolescents	NNS
from	IN
age	NN
14	CD
,	,
adults	NNS
,	,
males	NNS
and	CC
females	NNS
.	.
Healthy	JJ
Within	IN
is	VBZ
a	DT
unique	JJ
outpatient	NN
program	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
program	NN
provides	VBZ
treatment	NN
for	IN
adolescent	JJ
males	NNS
,	,
adolescent	JJ
females	NNS
,	,
adult	NN
males	NNS
and	CC
adult	NN
females	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
treatment	NN
team	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
professionals	NNS
:	:
psychologists	NNS
,	,
nutritionist	NN
,	,
registered	VBN
marriage	NN
and	CC
family	NN
therapist	NN
intern	NN
,	,
yoga	NN
instructor	NN
and	CC
expressive	JJ
arts	NNS
therapist	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
team	NN
assures	VBZ
that	IN
treatment	NN
is	VBZ
comprehensive	JJ
and	CC
thorough	JJ
.	.
Individualized	VBN
treatment	NN
plans	NNS
,	,
combined	VBN
with	IN
small	JJ
group	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
provide	VB
a	DT
supportive	JJ
environment	NN
where	WRB
people	NNS
can	MD
practice	VB
new	JJ
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
learn	VB
new	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
relate	VB
to	TO
themselves	PRP
and	CC
others	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
my	PRP$
background	NN
as	IN
a	DT
nurse	NN
and	CC
psychologist	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
psychotherapy	NN
approach	NN
.	.
I	PRP
focus	VBP
on	IN
probems	NNS
with	IN
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
self-esteem	NN
,	,
perfectionism	NN
,	,
and	CC
relationship	NN
problems	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
body-image	NN
difficulties	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
bulimia	NN
,	,
anorexia	NN
,	,
compuslive	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
and	CC
obesity	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
a	DT
gentle	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
help	VB
access	NN
your	PRP$
authentic	JJ
self	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
an	DT
in-sight	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
understand	VB
your	PRP$
self	NN
and	CC
body-mind	NN
approaches	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
breathing	NN
,	,
mindfulness	NN
,	,
art	NN
,	,
and	CC
visualizations	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
access	NN
feeling	NN
states	NNS
to	TO
resolve	VB
trauma	NN
and	CC
fears	NNS
and	CC
make	VB
significant	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
self-concept	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
behavior	NN
,	,
and	CC
mood	NN
states	NNS
.	.
Individual	NNP
and	CC
Group	NNP
sessions	NNS
available	JJ
.	.
Eating	NNP
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
problems	NNS
can	MD
express	VB
our	PRP$
deepest	JJS
expieriences	NNS
as	IN
women	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
issues	NNS
of	IN
staying	VBG
true	JJ
to	TO
our	PRP$
genuine	JJ
hunger\/s	NNS
,	,
defining	VBG
ourselves	PRP
in	IN
and	CC
not	RB
in	IN
relationship	NN
to	TO
others	NNS
,	,
and	CC
taking	VBG
up	RP
space	NN
in	IN
a	DT
sometimes	RB
dangerous	JJ
world	NN
may	MD
show	VB
up	RP
in	IN
our	PRP$
relationships	NNS
to	TO
food	NN
and	CC
body	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
helping	VBG
women	NNS
work	VBP
through	IN
these	DT
issues	NNS
since	IN
1984	CD
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
received	VBD
my	PRP$
post-graduate	JJ
training	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Women	NNP
's	POS
Therapy	NNP
Centre	NNP
Institute	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
founded	VBN
by	IN
Susie	NNP
Orbach	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Since	IN
1986	CD
I	PRP
have	VBP
trained	VBN
and	CC
provided	VBN
consultation	NN
for	IN
many	JJ
therapists	NNS
who	WP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
learn	VB
this	DT
orientation	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
to	TO
the	DT
work	NN
is	VBZ
interactive	JJ
and	CC
compassionate	JJ
,	,
using	VBG
strength	NN
and	CC
an	DT
easy	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
humor	NN
.	.
In	IN
focussing	VBG
on	IN
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
you	PRP
may	MD
choose	VB
to	TO
include	VB
journal	NN
,	,
art	NN
,	,
or	CC
movement	NN
work	NN
,	,
and	CC
guided	VBD
fantasies	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
express	VB
what	WP
the	DT
eating	NN
problem	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
trying	VBG
to	TO
say	VB
.	.
Ultimately	RB
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
learn	VB
to	TO
eat	VB
when	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
hungry	JJ
and	CC
stop	VB
when	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
full	JJ
.	.
But	CC
in	IN
the	DT
meantime	NN
,	,
when	WRB
you	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
always	RB
do	VB
this	DT
,	,
we	PRP
will	MD
use	VB
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
to	TO
point	VB
us	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
triggers	VBZ
and	CC
issues	VBZ
in	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
using	VBG
the	DT
bingeing	NN
,	,
starving	VBG
,	,
and\/or	CC
purging	VBG
to	TO
solve	VB
.	.
We	PRP
work	VBP
these	DT
through	IN
one	CD
by	IN
one	CD
,	,
until	IN
you	PRP
feel	VBP
stronger	JJR
to	TO
face	VB
these	DT
difficulties	NNS
without	IN
depriving	VBG
or	CC
punishing	VBG
yourself	PRP
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
Let	VB
me	PRP
help	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
explore	VB
the	DT
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
underlying	VBG
your	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
hold	VBP
a	DT
container	NN
of	IN
acceptance	NN
in	IN
the	DT
therapy	NN
room	NN
;	:
Respecting	VBG
your	PRP$
current	JJ
struggle	NN
in	IN
life	NN
while	IN
searching	VBG
for	IN
its	PRP$
meaning	NN
and	CC
resolution	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
practice	NN
includes	VBZ
anorexics	NNS
,	,
bulimics	NNS
,	,
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeaters	NNS
.	.
Besides	IN
just	RB
talking	VBG
about	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
image	NN
concerns	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
utilize	VBP
drawing	VBG
,	,
visualization	NN
and	CC
journaling	NN
.	.
This	DT
non-intrusive	JJ
style	NN
allows	VBZ
your	PRP$
feelings	NNS
around	IN
food	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
to	TO
naturally	RB
express	VB
themselves	PRP
.	.
An	DT
Education-Support	NNP
Group	NNP
is	VBZ
now	RB
forming	VBG
for	IN
Mother	NNP
's	POS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disordered	NNP
Children	NNP
\*	SYM
-LRB-	-LRB-
\*	SYM
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Affordable	JJ
,	,
professional	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
families	NNS
,	,
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
areas	NNS
of	IN
expertise	NN
include	VBP
body	NN
image\/eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
abuse\/trauma	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
mood	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
anxiety	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
women	NNS
's	POS
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
a	DT
safe	JJ
,	,
therapeutic	JJ
environment	NN
for	IN
clients	NNS
.	.
As	IN
we	PRP
take	VBP
the	DT
journey	NN
towards	IN
healing	NN
and	CC
self-fulfillment	NN
together	RB
,	,
we	PRP
will	MD
begin	VB
on	IN
equal	JJ
ground	NN
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
there	RB
for	IN
support	NN
and	CC
guidance	NN
.	.
I	PRP
recognize	VBP
that	IN
ther	NN
is	VBZ
diversity	NN
among	IN
clients	NNS
,	,
each	DT
needing	VBG
a	DT
different	JJ
therapeutic	JJ
approach	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
I	PRP
take	VBP
an	DT
ecclectic	JJ
approach	NN
using	VBG
such	JJ
techniques	NNS
as	IN
cognitive\/behavioral	JJ
modification	NN
therapies	NNS
,	,
art	NN
and	CC
play	VB
therapy	NN
,	,
guided	VBN
imagery	NN
,	,
and	CC
solution-focused	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
every	DT
person	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
capability	NN
to	TO
change	VB
unhealthy	JJ
patterns	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
eventually	RB
learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
heal	VB
and	CC
grow	VB
with	IN
change	NN
.	.
Insurance\/Private	NNP
Pay\/Low-Income	NNP
Arrangements	NNP
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
group	NN
,	,
couple	NN
and	CC
family	NN
counseling	NN
.	.
Cognitive\/behavioral	NNP
techniques	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
with	IN
trauma	NN
recovery	NN
issues	NNS
including	VBG
self-injury	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
post-traumatic	JJ
dissociation	NN
,	,
depression	NN
and	CC
anxiety	NN
.	.
Addictions	NNS
counseling	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
available	JJ
.	.
Expressive	JJ
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
used	VBN
for	IN
trauma	NN
recovery	NN
and	CC
psychodynamic	JJ
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
for	IN
patients	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
developed	VBN
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
triggers	VBZ
.	.
Registered	NNP
Art	NNP
Psychotherapist	NNP
Outpatient	NNP
Individual	NNP
Art	NNP
Therapy	NNP
for	IN
persons	NNS
experiencing	VBG
ongoing	JJ
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Art	NNP
Therapy	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
ideal	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
those	DT
whom	WP
have	VBP
difficulty	NN
expressing	VBG
their	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
feelings	NNS
through	IN
words	NNS
,	,
have	VBP
unresolved	JJ
grief	NN
and	CC
loss	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
are	VBP
having	VBG
difficulty	NN
making	VBG
a	DT
developmental	JJ
transition	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
are	VBP
trauma	NN
survivors	NNS
.	.
No	DT
artistic	JJ
talent	NN
or	CC
skill	NN
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
.	.
``	``
Art	NNP
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
belief	NN
that	IN
the	DT
creative	JJ
process	NN
involved	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
making	NN
of	IN
art	NN
is	VBZ
healing	VBG
and	CC
life-enhancing	JJ
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
AATA	NNP
,	,
1998	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Pamela	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
registered	VBN
Art	NNP
Therapist	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
Psychodynamic	NNP
Psychotherapist	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
works	VBZ
at	IN
the	DT
Mosman	NNP
Natural	NNP
Health	NNP
Centre	NNP
,	,
where	WRB
there	EX
are	VBP
also	RB
practitioners	NNS
in	IN
remedial	JJ
massage	NN
,	,
counselling	NN
,	,
naturopathy	NN
,	,
kinesiology	NN
and	CC
chiropractic	NN
.	.
Pamela	NNP
works	VBZ
with	IN
individuals	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
,	,
with	IN
issues	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
;	:
drug	NN
and	CC
alcohol	NN
addiction	NN
;	:
issues	NNS
for	IN
children	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
around	IN
any	DT
type	NN
of	IN
abuse	NN
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
works	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
Ryde	NNP
area	NN
.	.
Self	NN
Knowledge	NN
--	:
``	``
Your	PRP$
hearts	NNS
know	VBP
in	IN
silence	NN
the	DT
secrets	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
days	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
nights	NNS
.	.
But	CC
your	PRP$
ears	NNS
thirst	NN
for	IN
the	DT
sound	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
hearts	NNS
'	POS
knowledge	NN
.	.
You	PRP
would	MD
know	VB
in	IN
words	NNS
that	WDT
which	WDT
you	PRP
have	VBP
always	RB
known	VBN
in	IN
thought	NN
.	.
You	PRP
would	MD
touch	VB
with	IN
your	PRP$
fingers	NNS
the	DT
naked	JJ
body	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
dream	NN
.	.
And	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
well	RB
you	PRP
should	MD
.	.
The	DT
hidden	VBN
well	RB
spring	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
soul	NN
must	MD
needs	NNS
rise	VB
and	CC
run	VB
murmuring	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
sea	NN
.	.
''	''
--	:
Kahil	NNP
Gibran	NNP
,	,
The	DT
Prophet	NNP
Although	IN
the	DT
Prophet	NNP
says	VBZ
``	``
you	PRP
must	MD
know	VB
in	IN
words	NNS
that	WDT
which	WDT
you	PRP
have	VBP
always	RB
known	VBN
in	IN
thought	NN
''	''
people	NNS
who	WP
suffer	VBP
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
find	VB
``	``
the	DT
hidden	JJ
wellspring	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
soul	NN
''	''
underneath	IN
the	DT
bingeing	NN
,	,
purging	VBG
,	,
starving	VBG
,	,
and	CC
dread	NN
of	IN
gaining	VBG
weight	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
work	NN
together	RB
is	VBZ
the	DT
quest	NN
for	IN
self	NN
knowledge	NN
and	CC
the	DT
uncovering	VBG
of	IN
faulty	JJ
thinking	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
if	IN
I	PRP
'm	VBP
thinner	JJR
,	,
I	PRP
'll	MD
be	VB
happy	JJ
in	IN
every	DT
way	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
the	DT
battle	NN
to	TO
be	VB
freed	VBN
form	NN
the	DT
tyranny	NN
of	IN
dieting	NN
and	CC
body	NN
hatred	NN
.	.
Self	NN
knowledge	NN
and	CC
emotional	JJ
knowledge	NN
are	VBP
powerful	JJ
,	,
sometimes	RB
scary	JJ
forces	NNS
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
why	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
go	VB
slowly	RB
and	CC
hang	VB
on	IN
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
therapy	NN
feels	VBZ
like	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
thing	NN
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
doing	VBG
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
creativity	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
strong	JJ
power	NN
to	TO
heal	VB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
use	VBP
writing	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
healing	NN
tool	NN
with	IN
groups	NNS
and	CC
individuals	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
psychotherapist	NN
with	IN
twenty	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
caring	NN
,	,
compassionate	JJ
experience	NN
with	IN
all	DT
forms	NNS
of	IN
addictions	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
anoerxia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
overeating	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
is	VBZ
flexible	JJ
and	CC
utilizes	VBZ
action	NN
methods	NNS
including	VBG
art	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
innate	JJ
wisdom	NN
and	CC
creativity	NN
we	PRP
all	DT
possess	VBP
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
support	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
couples	NNS
,	,
families	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
kind	NN
,	,
and	CC
groups	NNS
.	.
Call	VB
for	IN
a	DT
phone	NN
consultation	NN
.	.
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
at	IN
Somerset	NNP
Medical	NNP
Center	NNP
provides	VBZ
inpatient	JJ
,	,
partial	JJ
hospitalization	NN
,	,
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
,	,
and	CC
outpatient	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
those	DT
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
individal	JJ
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
group	NN
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
multi-disciplinary	JJ
treatment	NN
team	NN
includes	VBZ
psychiatrists	NNS
,	,
social	JJ
workers	NNS
,	,
psychologists	NNS
,	,
nurses	NNS
,	,
nutritionists	NNS
,	,
art	NN
and	CC
occupational	JJ
therapists	NNS
,	,
pastoral	JJ
care	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
certified	JJ
teacher	NN
.	.
The	DT
Life	NNP
Healing	NNP
Center	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
center	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
emotional	JJ
trauma	NN
resolution	NN
.	.
Some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
specific	JJ
phenomena	NNS
we	PRP
address	VBP
are	VBP
;	:
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
;	:
chemical	NN
dependency	NN
;	:
dissociation	NN
;	:
mood	NN
disorders	NNS
;	:
PTSD	NNP
and	CC
sexual	JJ
compulsivity	NN
.	.
The	DT
Life	NNP
Healing	NNP
Center	NNP
offers	VBZ
an	DT
intensive	JJ
program	NN
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
a	DT
bridge	NN
between	IN
inpatient	JJ
treatment	NN
and	CC
the	DT
home	NN
environment	NN
,	,
allowing	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
processing	NN
of	IN
issues	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
best	JJS
addressed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
residential	JJ
setting	NN
.	.
Some	DT
of	IN
our	PRP$
most	RBS
distinguishing	JJ
characteristics	NNS
include	VBP
:	:
A	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
3	CD
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
sessions	NNS
per	IN
week	NN
with	IN
a	DT
licensed	JJ
,	,
masters	NNS
level	VBP
therapist	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
small	JJ
size	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
33	CD
beds	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
allows	VBZ
for	IN
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
plans	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
low	JJ
cost	NN
includes	VBZ
over	IN
35	CD
hours	NNS
of	IN
group	NN
therapy	NN
and	CC
15	CD
hours	NNS
of	IN
supervised	JJ
community	NN
activities	NNS
per	IN
week	NN
.	.
The	DT
community	NN
setting	VBG
enhances	VBZ
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
safe	JJ
,	,
supportive	JJ
,	,
healthy	JJ
connections	NNS
with	IN
others	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
a	DT
holistic	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
therapy	NN
that	IN
attends	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
body	NN
,	,
mind	NN
and	CC
spirit	NN
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
art	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
spirituality	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
12	CD
step	NN
meetings	NNS
,	,
physical	JJ
exercise	NN
and	CC
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
self-nurturing	JJ
skills	NNS
.	.
Transformations	NNS
is	VBZ
an	DT
Art	NNP
Psychotherapy	NNP
Service	NNP
designed	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
women	NNS
and	CC
girls	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
body	NN
image	NN
disturbances	NNS
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Shari	NNP
Landau	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
registered	VBN
Art	NNP
Psychotherapist	NNP
who	WP
also	RB
runs	VBZ
the	DT
Art	NNP
Therapy	NNP
program	NN
at	IN
The	DT
Renfrew	NNP
Center	NNP
in	IN
Phila	NNP
.	.
The	DT
art	NN
process	NN
helps	VBZ
you	PRP
heal	VB
your	PRP$
body	NN
,	,
clarify	VB
your	PRP$
mind	NN
,	,
and	CC
restore	VB
your	PRP$
spirit	NN
.	.
Full	JJ
service	NN
outpatient	NN
center	NN
for	IN
treating	VBG
all	DT
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
males	NNS
and	CC
females	NNS
ages	NNS
12	CD
and	CC
up	RB
.	.
Clinic	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
operating	VBG
for	IN
20	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Offers	VBZ
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
group	NN
therapies	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
art	NN
therapy	NN
and	CC
psychodrama	NN
.	.
Approach	NN
is	VBZ
eclectic	JJ
and	CC
varies	VBZ
according	VBG
to	TO
specific	JJ
patient	NN
need	NN
.	.
Healthy	JJ
Body	NN
,	,
Healthy	JJ
Mind	NNP
believes	VBZ
strongly	RB
in	IN
the	DT
connection	NN
between	IN
the	DT
mind	NN
and	CC
the	DT
body	NN
as	IN
integral	JJ
components	NNS
to	TO
whole	JJ
body	NN
health	NN
and	CC
wellness	NN
.	.
HBHM	NNP
works	VBZ
towards	IN
this	DT
goal	NN
by	IN
offering	VBG
body	NN
image	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
education	NN
and	CC
training	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
and	CC
staff	NN
,	,
and	CC
offering	VBG
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
yoga	NN
classes	NNS
for	IN
EveryBODY	NN
.	.
We	PRP
send	VBP
guest	JJ
speakers	NNS
into	IN
schools	NNS
and	CC
church	NN
organizations	NNS
to	TO
talk	VB
with	IN
students	NNS
about	IN
the	DT
dangers	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
our	PRP$
speakers	NNS
have	VBP
first-hand	JJ
experience	NN
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
share	VBP
their	PRP$
own	JJ
personal	JJ
stories	NNS
regarding	VBG
these	DT
disorders	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
providing	VBG
educational	JJ
information	NN
,	,
we	PRP
also	RB
provide	VBP
a	DT
real	JJ
face	NN
and	CC
voice	NN
behind	IN
these	DT
disorders	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
our	PRP$
services	NNS
all	DT
over	IN
the	DT
country	NN
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
are	VBP
always	RB
in	IN
need	NN
of	IN
volunteers	NNS
to	TO
offer	VB
these	DT
presentations	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
email	NN
Jennifer	NNP
at	IN
edsos@mail.com	NNP
for	IN
further	JJ
information	NN
if	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
share	VB
your	PRP$
story	NN
or	CC
would	MD
like	VB
your	PRP$
organization	NN
to	TO
benefit	VB
from	IN
our	PRP$
presentations	NNS
.	.
MEDA	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
non-profit	JJ
organization	NN
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
prevention	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
MEDA	NNP
's	POS
mission	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
prevent	VB
the	DT
continuing	VBG
spread	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
through	IN
educational	JJ
awareness	NN
and	CC
early	JJ
detection	NN
.	.
MEDA	NNP
serves	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
support	NN
network	NN
and	CC
resource	NN
for	IN
clients	NNS
,	,
loved	VBD
ones	NNS
,	,
clinicians	NNS
,	,
educators	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
general	JJ
public	NN
.	.
MEDA	NNP
offers	VBZ
clinical	JJ
services	NNS
and	CC
support	NN
groups	NNS
to	TO
individuals	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
loved	VBN
ones	NNS
.	.
MEDA	NNP
also	RB
offers	VBZ
educational	JJ
presentations	NNS
,	,
trainings	NNS
,	,
resources	NNS
and	CC
materials	NNS
for	IN
schools	NNS
,	,
colleges	NNS
,	,
treatment	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
churches	NNS
,	,
synagogues	NNS
and	CC
community	NN
organizations	NNS
.	.
MEDA	NNP
maintains	VBZ
a	DT
referral	NN
network	NN
of	IN
professional	JJ
members	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
New	NNP
England	NNP
area	NN
and	CC
offers	VBZ
a	DT
National	NNP
Conference	NNP
.	.
Check	VB
out	RP
our	PRP$
website	NN
for	IN
up-to-date	JJ
information	NN
regarding	VBG
our	PRP$
services	NNS
and	CC
events	NNS
.	.
ALUBA	NNP
:	:
was	VBD
created	VBN
16	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
and	CC
has	VBZ
a	DT
transdisciplinary	JJ
approach	NN
centered	VBD
in	IN
self-help	NN
and	CC
organized	VBN
as	IN
day	NN
hospital	NN
,	,
external	JJ
groups	NNS
and	CC
consultations	NNS
,	,
with	IN
special	JJ
groups	NNS
for	IN
associated	VBN
disorders	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
branches	NNS
in	IN
Argentina	NNP
,	,
Uruguay	NNP
and	CC
Spain	NNP
.	.
The	DT
main	JJ
goals	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
:	:
Inform	VB
on	IN
the	DT
characteristics	NNS
and	CC
scope	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
generate	VB
social	JJ
awareness	NN
of	IN
the	DT
problem	NN
.	.
Develop	VB
Primary	JJ
Prevention	NNP
activities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
contribute	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
early	JJ
detection	NN
of	IN
these	DT
disorders	NNS
.	.
Offer	NN
a	DT
complete	JJ
and	CC
accurate	JJ
diagnosis	NN
of	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
pathology	NN
.	.
Incorporate	VB
the	DT
patient	NN
and	CC
his\/her	NN
family	NN
into	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
stabilize	VB
the	DT
factors	NNS
that	WDT
cause	VBP
cyclic	JJ
relapses	NNS
.	.
Support	NN
the	DT
self-help	JJ
groups	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
recovery	NN
process	NN
of	IN
the	DT
patient	NN
,	,
and	CC
organize	VB
through	IN
those	DT
groups	NNS
the	DT
social	JJ
reinsertion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
recovered	VBN
patient	NN
.	.
Provide	VB
information	NN
and	CC
advice	NN
to	TO
families	NNS
and	CC
health	NN
professionals	NNS
engaged	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
assistance	NN
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
Explore	VB
these	DT
disorders	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
increase	VB
the	DT
therapeutic	JJ
efficiency	NN
.	.
Train	NN
health	NN
professionals	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
Educate	VB
youths	NNS
without	IN
addictions	NNS
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
family	NN
,	,
and	CC
couples	NNS
counseling	NN
,	,
group	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
support	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
outpatient	NN
,	,
training	NN
and	CC
supervision	NN
,	,
and	CC
community	NN
outreach	NN
.	.
We	PRP
treat	VBP
all	DT
forms	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
;	:
females	NNS
and	CC
males	NNS
,	,
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
Caring	JJ
4	CD
Youth	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
independent	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
family	NN
counseling	NN
service	NN
which	WDT
provides	VBZ
assistance	NN
to	TO
families	NNS
and	CC
teens	NNS
in	IN
need	NN
of	IN
a	DT
specialty	NN
school	NN
or	CC
program	NN
.	.
We	PRP
work	VBP
for	IN
you	PRP
!	.
Our	PRP$
highly	RB
trained	VBN
and	CC
experienced	VBN
staff	NN
works	VBZ
for	IN
you	PRP
in	IN
finding	VBG
the	DT
best	JJS
possible	JJ
solution	NN
to	TO
the	DT
issues	NNS
being	VBG
faced	VBN
by	IN
your	PRP$
family	NN
and	CC
your	PRP$
teenager	NN
.	.
Counseling	NN
Services	NNPS
:	:
Specializing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
.	.
Educational	NNP
Services	NNPS
:	:
Workshops	NNS
and	CC
trainings	NNS
for	IN
schools	NNS
,	,
students	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
and	CC
communities	NNS
in	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
Awareness	NNP
and	CC
Education	NNP
.	.
Non-profit	JJ
agency	NN
established	VBN
in	IN
1983	CD
which	WDT
provides	VBZ
weekly	JJ
support	NN
groups	NNS
for	IN
people	NNS
recovering	VBG
from	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
.	.
Prevention	NNP
and	CC
awareness	NN
programs	NNS
offered	VBD
to	TO
community	NN
.	.
Written	VBN
educational	JJ
materials	NNS
provided	VBN
on	IN
request	NN
.	.
CSAB	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
oldest	JJS
non-profit	JJ
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
clinic	NN
in	IN
New	NNP
York	NNP
City	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
treatment	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
patients	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
provide	VBP
a	DT
comprenhensive	JJ
three-year	JJ
training	NN
program	NN
for	IN
professionals	NNS
who	WP
treat	VBP
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Treatment	NNP
services	NNS
include	VBP
individual	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
short	JJ
and	CC
long	JJ
term	NN
group	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
biweekly	JJ
support	NN
groups	NNS
for	IN
families	NNS
and	CC
friends	NNS
.	.
Christine	NNP
Hartline	NNP
,	,
MA	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
recovering	VBG
anorexic	JJ
and	CC
bulimic	JJ
who	WP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
working	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
over	IN
12	CD
years	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
educating	VBG
others	NNS
about	IN
the	DT
consequences	NNS
,	,
treatment	NN
and	CC
prevention	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
founder	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Referral	NNP
and	CC
Information	NNP
Center	NNP
at	IN
Edreferral.com	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
an	DT
ANAD	NNP
Resource	NNP
person	NN
who	WP
can	MD
help	VB
assist	VB
in	IN
locating	VBG
FREE	JJ
support	NN
groups	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
area	NN
.	.
Christine	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
advocate	NN
for	IN
mental	JJ
health	NN
parity	NN
and	CC
increasing	VBG
research	NN
to	TO
help	VB
understand	VB
the	DT
etiology	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
complex	JJ
and	CC
involved	JJ
complex	JJ
interactions	NNS
of	IN
psychological	JJ
,	,
biological	JJ
,	,
sociological	JJ
,	,
and	CC
interpersonal	JJ
factors	NNS
and	CC
do	VB
require	VB
professional	JJ
assistance	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
body	NN
hatred	NN
impact	NN
the	DT
lives	NNS
of	IN
millions	NNS
of	IN
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
gripping	VBG
and	CC
life-threatening	JJ
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
or	CC
someone	NN
you	PRP
love	VBP
is	VBZ
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
please	VB
seek	VB
information	NN
and	CC
assistance	NN
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
and	CC
prevention	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
please	VB
fee	NN
free	JJ
to	TO
contact	VB
Christine	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Referral	NNP
Center	NNP
.	.
Individual	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
--	:
Assessment	NNP
--	:
Family	NNP
treatment16	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
,	,
listed	VBN
with	IN
ANAD	NNP
and	CC
NEDO	NNP
;	:
team	NN
work	NN
with	IN
physician\/dietitian	JJ
Provide	VB
inservice	NN
education	NN
to	TO
clinics	NNS
,	,
hospitals	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
organizations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
school	NN
systems	NNS
Guest	NNP
lectures	VBZ
to	TO
graduate	JJ
programs	NNS
in	IN
psychology	NN
and	CC
counseling	NN
.	.
While	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
currently	RB
offer	VB
my	PRP$
services	NNS
to	TO
anyone	NN
in	IN
need	NN
of	IN
dietary	JJ
counseling	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
emphasis	NN
as	IN
a	DT
professional	NN
is	VBZ
on	IN
those	DT
who	WP
suffer	VBP
with	IN
some	DT
form	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
and\/or	CC
body	NN
image	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
sincere	JJ
concern	NN
and	CC
personal	JJ
interest	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
chose	VBD
to	TO
devote	VB
two	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
to	TO
studying	VBG
the	DT
causes	NNS
and	CC
prevalence	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
among	IN
multi-ethnic	JJ
women	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Hawaii	NNP
.	.
While	IN
researching	VBG
the	DT
various	JJ
treatment	NN
and	CC
support	NN
resources	NNS
available	JJ
for	IN
women	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
came	VBD
into	IN
contact	NN
with	IN
Alice	NNP
Grisham	NNP
,	,
founder	NN
and	CC
co-creator	NN
of	IN
The	DT
EDEN	NNP
Process	NNP
.	.
The	DT
EDEN	NNP
Process	NNP
is	VBZ
both	DT
a	DT
peer-developed	JJ
and	CC
community	NN
based	VBN
recovery	NN
skills	NNS
program	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
or	CC
body	NN
image	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
The	DT
EDEN	NNP
process	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
intended	VBN
to	TO
treat	VB
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
Rather	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
intended	VBN
to	TO
offer	VB
affordable	JJ
professional	JJ
and	CC
peer	VB
support	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
already	RB
in	IN
their	PRP$
recovery	NN
or	CC
maintenance	NN
phase	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
happy	JJ
to	TO
inform	VB
you	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
the	DT
Certified	NNP
Eden	NNP
Process	NNP
facilitator	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Twin	NNP
Cities	NNPS
area	NN
.	.
The	DT
mission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Association	NNP
of	IN
WNY	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
educate	VB
and	CC
increase	VB
awareness	NN
about	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
provide	VB
direction	NN
for	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
mission	NN
is	VBZ
accomplished	VBN
by	IN
sponsoring	VBG
support	NN
groups	NNS
for	IN
persons	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
significant	JJ
others	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
,	,
through	IN
educational	JJ
programs	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
professional	JJ
community	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
public	NN
at	IN
large	JJ
,	,
offering	VBG
individual	JJ
case	NN
management	NN
and	CC
consultation	NN
,	,
and	CC
by	IN
acting	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
linkage	NN
agent	NN
between	IN
providers	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
for	IN
close	NN
to	TO
20	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
been	VBN
applying	VBG
EMDR	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
treament	NN
for	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
7	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
certified	VBN
in	IN
EMDR	NNP
and	CC
facilitate	VB
the	DT
training	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
clinicians	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
present	JJ
workshops	NNS
around	IN
the	DT
country	NN
.	.
I	PRP
treat	VBP
people	NNS
ages	NNS
15	CD
and	CC
up	RB
for	IN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
offer	VBP
group	NN
,	,
individual	JJ
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
treatment	NN
.	.
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
Treatment	NNP
and	CC
Prevention	NNP
Group	NNP
of	IN
Manitoba	NNP
offers	VBZ
individual	JJ
treatment	NN
,	,
group	NN
and	CC
family	NN
support	NN
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
also	RB
actively	RB
involved	VBN
in	IN
prevention	NN
programs	NNS
in	IN
Manitoba	NNP
and	CC
offer	VBP
lectures	VBZ
,	,
workshops	NNS
and	CC
seminars	NNS
.	.
An	DT
experienced	JJ
nutrition	NN
therapist	NN
,	,
who	WP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
helping	VBG
those	DT
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
work	NN
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
helping	VBG
people	NNS
decrease	VBP
their	PRP$
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
symtpoms	NNS
and	CC
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
develop	VB
a	DT
healthy	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
.	.
Incorporates	VBZ
nutrition	NN
education	NN
,	,
meal	NN
planning	NN
and	CC
food\/feeling	VBG
journals	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
.	.
Currently	RB
the	DT
Director	NNP
of	IN
Nutrition	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
Renfrew	NNP
Center	NNP
of	IN
New	NNP
York	NNP
.	.
Collaboration	NN
with	IN
therapists	NNS
,	,
physicians	NNS
,	,
and	CC
psychiatrists	NNS
when	WRB
necessary	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
lecture	VBP
and	CC
write	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
topics	NNS
of	IN
nutrition	NN
as	IN
they	PRP
relate	VBP
to	TO
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
wellness	NN
,	,
weight	NN
management	NN
and	CC
disease	NN
states	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
LiCavoli	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
founder	NN
and	CC
co-owner	NN
of	IN
Clarus	NNP
Center	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
licensed	JJ
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
who	WP
obtained	VBD
her	PRP$
doctorate	NN
from	IN
Northwestern	NNP
University	NNP
Medical	NNP
Graduate	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
Providing	VBG
psychotherapy	NN
for	IN
four	CD
years	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
Northwestern	NNP
Memorial	NNP
Hospital	NNP
Campus	NNP
,	,
Dr.	NNP
LiCavoli	NNP
learned	VBD
the	DT
art	NN
and	CC
science	NN
of	IN
engendering	VBG
lasting	JJ
change	NN
via	IN
in-depth	JJ
interpersonal	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
.	.
Interning	VBG
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Chicago	NNP
Hospital	NNP
's	POS
Department	NNP
of	IN
Child	NNP
and	CC
Adolescent	NNP
Psychiatry	NNP
,	,
she	PRP
gained	VBD
insights	NNS
on	IN
emotional	JJ
development	NN
through	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
all	DT
age	NN
groups	NNS
beginning	VBG
with	IN
infants	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
Postdoctoral	NNP
Fellow	NNP
,	,
she	PRP
worked	VBD
both	DT
inpatient	JJ
and	CC
outpatient	NN
with	IN
a	DT
multi	JJ
disciplinary	JJ
team	NN
,	,
solidifying	VBG
her	PRP$
specialization	NN
in	IN
treating	VBG
trauma	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Seeking	VBG
to	TO
treat	VB
clients	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
context	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
relationships	NNS
,	,
Dr.	NNP
LiCavoli	NNP
completed	VBD
an	DT
additional	JJ
year	NN
of	IN
training	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Family	NNP
Institute	NNP
of	IN
Northwestern	NNP
University	NNP
.	.
Presently	RB
,	,
Dr.	NNP
LiCavoli	NNP
works	VBZ
to	TO
bridge	VB
traditional	JJ
and	CC
alternative	JJ
treatments	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
complete	JJ
mind	NN
,	,
body	NN
,	,
spirit	NN
approach	NN
to	TO
health	NN
.	.
She	PRP
provides	VBZ
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
psychotherapy	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
presenting	VBG
concerns	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
LiCavoli	NNP
provides	VBZ
community	NN
and	CC
professional	JJ
education	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
published	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
integrated	VBN
treatment	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
certified	VBN
in	IN
Eye-Movement	NNP
Desensitization	NNP
and	CC
Reprocessing	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
EMDR	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
psychotherapy	NN
to	TO
adults	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
who	WP
need	VBP
help	NN
with	IN
eating	VBG
problems	NNS
,	,
relationships	NNS
and	CC
career	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
write	VB
and	CC
present	VB
seminars	NNS
on	IN
these	DT
topics	NNS
and	CC
have	VB
appeared	VBN
on	IN
national	JJ
TV	NN
programs	NNS
as	IN
an	DT
expert	NN
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
currently	RB
affiliated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Study	NN
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
.	.
Formerly	RB
,	,
Director	NNP
of	IN
Admissions	NNPS
,	,
Renfrew	NNP
Center	NNP
of	IN
NY	NNP
.	.
Licensed	VBN
Psychologist	NNP
Psychotherapy	NNP
,	,
educational	JJ
workshops	NNS
,	,
and	CC
consultation	NN
with	IN
individuals	NNS
,	,
families	NNS
or	CC
groups	NNS
desiring	VBG
more	JJR
information	NN
or	CC
treatment	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
also	RB
a	DT
professor	NN
and	CC
conduct	NN
research	NN
on	IN
this	DT
and	CC
related	VBN
topics	NNS
.	.
MBS	NNP
Health	NNP
Organization	NNP
offers	VBZ
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
including	VBG
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
;	:
meal	NN
facilitation	NN
;	:
educational	JJ
presentations	NNS
and	CC
program	NN
implementation	NN
within	IN
schools	NNS
.	.
Mind	NN
,	,
Body	NNP
,	,
Spirit	NNP
Health	NNP
Organization	NNP
is	VBZ
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
highest	JJS
standards	NNS
of	IN
care	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
committed	VBN
to	TO
providing	VBG
support	NN
and	CC
assistance	NN
to	TO
those	DT
suffering	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
NEDIC	NNP
provides	VBZ
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
resources	NNS
on	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
&	CC
weight	NN
preoccupation	NN
including	VBG
a	DT
Canadian-wide	JJ
listing	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Information	NN
,	,
referral	NN
and	CC
education	NN
services	NNS
are	VBP
provided	VBN
to	TO
individuals	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
families	NNS
,	,
friends	NNS
,	,
health	NN
care	NN
practitioners	NNS
and	CC
teachers	NNS
.	.
Individual	JJ
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
sessions	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
practice	NN
office	NN
setting	VBG
.	.
Specialized	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
meal	NN
and	CC
femal	NN
,	,
adolescent	JJ
and	CC
adult	JJ
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
including	VBG
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
nervosa	NN
and	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
Provide	VB
public	JJ
speaking	NN
and	CC
nutrition	NN
education	NN
to	TO
elemenatry	JJ
and	CC
high	JJ
schools	NNS
,	,
universities	NNS
,	,
support	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
sports	NNS
teams	NNS
,	,
medical	JJ
professionals	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
Utilized	VBN
the	DT
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
the	DT
recovery	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
with	IN
11	CD
years	NNS
experince	NN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
focus	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
normalized	JJ
eating	NN
by	IN
making	VBG
tolerable	JJ
and	CC
healthy	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
one	CD
's	POS
diet	NN
.	.
I	PRP
teach	VBP
behavioral	JJ
strategies	NNS
and	CC
stress	NN
reduction	NN
techniques	NNS
for	IN
managing	VBG
difficult	JJ
emotional	JJ
moments	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
lecture	VBP
and	CC
write	VBP
on	IN
topics	NNS
of	IN
nutrition	NN
as	IN
they	PRP
relate	VBP
to	TO
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
wellness	NN
,	,
weight	NN
management	NN
and	CC
sports	NNS
nutrition	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
also	RB
a	DT
consultant	NN
to	TO
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
in-patient	JJ
and	CC
out-patient	JJ
treatment	NN
facilities	NNS
while	IN
maintaining	VBG
a	DT
private	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
Southern	NNP
Crescent	NNP
Health	NNP
Resources	NNPS
is	VBZ
an	DT
organization	NN
of	IN
experienced	JJ
treatment	NN
professionals	NNS
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
providing	VBG
treatment	NN
,	,
education	NN
,	,
and	CC
prevention	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
alcohol	NN
and	CC
drug	NN
abuse	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
other	JJ
``	``
Living	VBG
''	''
problems	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
our	PRP$
mission	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
quality	NN
,	,
cost	NN
effective	JJ
services	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
identified	VBN
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
community	NN
,	,
local	JJ
organizations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
individual	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
committed	VBN
to	TO
providing	VBG
these	DT
services	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
atmosphere	NN
of	IN
trust	NN
,	,
honesty	NN
,	,
responsibility	NN
and	CC
respect	NN
.	.
The	DT
Bellott	NNP
Clinic	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
501	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
3	CD
non-profit	JJ
organization	NN
that	WDT
offers	VBZ
a	DT
safe	JJ
,	,
therapeutic	JJ
,	,
residential	JJ
setting	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
recovery	NN
of	IN
individuals	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
nervosa	NN
.	.
Individuals	NNS
are	VBP
provided	VBN
personalized	VBN
24-hour	JJ
residential	JJ
care	NN
and	CC
mental	JJ
health	NN
services	NNS
under	IN
the	DT
premise	NN
that	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
victim	NN
can	MD
be	VB
fully	RB
recovered	VBN
,	,
not	RB
always	RB
``	``
recovering	VBG
''	''
.	.
The	DT
Clinic	NNP
helps	VBZ
to	TO
facilitate	VB
re-integration	NN
of	IN
individuals	NNS
back	RB
into	IN
the	DT
community	NN
,	,
and	CC
encourages	VBZ
their	PRP$
potential	JJ
to	TO
become	VB
productive	JJ
members	NNS
of	IN
society	NN
.	.
The	DT
Clinic	NNP
also	RB
provides	VBZ
community	NN
education	NN
in	IN
an	DT
attempt	NN
to	TO
create	VB
public	JJ
awareness	NN
about	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
general	JJ
.	.
Psychothrapy	NNP
,	,
Biofeedback	NNP
treatment	NN
and	CC
Medical	JJ
Hypnosis	NN
by	IN
Pantazis	NNP
Iordanidis	NNP
,	,
Psychiatrist-Psychotherapist	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
psychological	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
headaches	NNS
,	,
sexual	JJ
disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
premature	JJ
ejaculation	NN
and	CC
erectile	JJ
dysfunction	NN
for	IN
men	NNS
and	CC
anorgasmia	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
pathological	JJ
gambling	NN
,	,
smoking	NN
,	,
obsessive	JJ
compulsive	JJ
disoder	NN
,	,
psychosomatic	JJ
disorders	NNS
,	,
psychological	JJ
problems	NNS
of	IN
heart	NN
disease	NN
,	,
cancer	NN
and	CC
chronic	JJ
diseases	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
relations	NNS
.	.
Certified	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
counselor	NN
and	CC
certified	VBD
hypnotherapist	NN
Mental	NNP
health	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
binge	NN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
management	NN
.	.
Specializes	NNS
in	IN
treatment	NN
for	IN
binge	NN
eating	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
.	.
Also	RB
see	VB
clients	NNS
with	IN
depression	NN
,	,
bipolar	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
private	JJ
practitioner	NN
with	IN
over	IN
10	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
Depression	NNP
,	,
Anxiety	NN
Spectrum	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and	CC
PTSD	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
EMDR	NNP
,	,
hypnosis	NN
,	,
Reiki	NNP
energy	NN
healing	NN
and	CC
guided	VBD
imagery	NN
in	IN
treatment	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
teaching	NN
empowerment	NN
skills	NNS
ot	VBP
help	NN
maintain	VB
gains	NNS
made	VBN
in	IN
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
group	NN
therapy	NN
and	CC
family\/marital	JJ
counseling	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
appropriate	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
with	IN
all	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
cases	NNS
.	.
Individual	JJ
clinical	JJ
counselling	NN
services	NNS
using	VBG
evidence	NN
based	VBN
treatment	NN
options	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
overcome	VB
ED	NNP
.	.
Initial	JJ
session	NN
is	VBZ
free	JJ
and	CC
fees	NNS
are	VBP
charged	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
sliding	VBG
scale	NN
.	.
Call	VB
today	NN
to	TO
get	VB
the	DT
help	NN
you	PRP
need	VBP
.	.
Mark	NNP
Giesbrecht	NNP
has	VBZ
worked	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
feld	NN
of	IN
problem	NN
eating	VBG
since	IN
1997	CD
.	.
He	PRP
uses	VBZ
evidence	NN
based	VBN
counselling	NN
practices	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
change	VB
your	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
Initial	JJ
session	NN
is	VBZ
free	JJ
and	CC
fees	NNS
are	VBP
charged	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
sliding	VBG
scale	NN
.	.
Primarily	RB
work	NN
with	IN
athletes	NNS
and	CC
performing	VBG
artists	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
,	,
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
,	,
who	WP
struggle	VBP
with	IN
negative	JJ
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
ritual	NN
routines	NNS
,	,
obsessive	JJ
thoughts	NNS
...	:
EMDR	NNP
level	NN
2	CD
...	:
biofeedback	NN
,	,
CBT	NNP
,	,
trauma	NN
and	CC
critical	JJ
incident	NN
trained	VBN
...	:
Individual	NN
,	,
couple	NN
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
...	:
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
mind	NN
-	:
body	NN
oriented	VBN
psychotherapist	NN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
for	IN
over	IN
20	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
,	,
using	VBG
a	DT
psychodynamic	JJ
approach	NN
with	IN
EMDR	NNP
and	CC
Somatic	NNP
Experiencing	NNP
.	.
Specialties	NNS
include	VBP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
Depression	NNP
,	,
Anxiety	NN
and	CC
Trauma	NNP
Recovery	NNP
.	.
Aegis	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
multi-disciplinary	JJ
,	,
therapeutic	JJ
community	NN
of	IN
psychologists	NNS
&	CC
counselors	NNS
in	IN
Victoria	NNP
,	,
BC	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
assessments	NNS
,	,
consultation	NN
,	,
therapy	NN
,	,
therapeutic	JJ
products	NNS
&	CC
training	NN
to	TO
individuals	NNS
and	CC
companies	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
anger	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
pain	NN
,	,
performance	NN
enhancement	NN
,	,
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
and	CC
stress	NN
.	.
Treatments	NNS
include	VBP
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
EMDR	NNP
and	CC
neurofeedback	NN
.	.
Certified	NNP
Counseling	NN
Hypnotherapist	NNP
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
Certified	NNP
Counseling	NN
Hypnotherapist	NNP
who	WP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
depression	NN
and	CC
habit	NN
control	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
developed	VBN
a	DT
program	NN
through	IN
years	NNS
of	IN
practice	NN
that	IN
enables	VBZ
one	CD
to	TO
make	VB
personal	JJ
changes	NNS
from	IN
within	IN
,	,
beginning	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
subconscious	NN
.	.
Changes	NNS
that	WDT
come	VBP
from	IN
within	IN
are	VBP
the	DT
only	JJ
kind	NN
that	WDT
feel	VBP
natural	JJ
;	:
and	CC
the	DT
only	JJ
kind	NN
that	WDT
really	RB
last	JJ
.	.
Integrative	NNP
Massage	NNP
Therapy	NNP
combines	VBZ
bodywork	NN
,	,
hypnotherapy	NN
,	,
psychotherapy	NN
and	CC
Stress	NN
Management	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
especially	RB
efficient	JJ
with	IN
stress-related	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
eating-disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
working	VBG
through	IN
history	NN
of	IN
abuse	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
Hypnotherapy	NNP
and	CC
Stress	NN
Management	NN
.	.
Sessions	NNP
held	VBD
in	IN
London	NNP
and	CC
St.	NNP
Albans	NNP
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Gold	NNP
offers	VBZ
an	DT
innovative	JJ
and	CC
creative	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
working	VBG
with	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
struggle	VBP
with	IN
food	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
and	CC
weight	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Integrating	VBG
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
clinical	JJ
hypnosis	NN
,	,
and	CC
EMDR	NNP
,	,
she	PRP
is	VBZ
able	JJ
to	TO
customize	VB
her	PRP$
treatment	NN
approach	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
individual	NN
.	.
She	PRP
offers	VBZ
individual	JJ
,	,
group	NN
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
private	JJ
practice	NN
conveniently	RB
located	VBN
about	IN
1	CD
mile	NN
from	IN
the	DT
St.	NNP
Davids\/Villanova	NNP
exit	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Blue	NNP
Route	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
476	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
My	PRP$
practice	NN
includes	VBZ
treatment	NN
of	IN
individuals	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
PTSD	NNP
,	,
women	NNS
's	POS
issues	NNS
,	,
and	CC
issues	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
childhood	NN
abuse	NN
.	.
Because	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
committed	VBN
to	TO
healing	VBG
the	DT
mind	NN
,	,
body	NN
,	,
and	CC
spirit	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
sensitive	JJ
to	TO
spiritual	JJ
concerns	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBN
specialized	VBN
training	NN
in	IN
EMDR	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Eye	NNP
Movement	NNP
Desensitization	NNP
and	CC
Reprocessing	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
hypnotherapy	NN
.	.
Both	DT
of	IN
these	DT
techniques	NNS
are	VBP
useful	JJ
in	IN
treating	VBG
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
problems	NNS
including	VBG
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
in	IN
treating	VBG
anxiety	NN
and	CC
trauma	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
over	IN
25	CD
years	NNS
experience	NN
as	IN
a	DT
clinician	NN
in	IN
the	DT
mental	JJ
health	NN
field	NN
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
family	NN
,	,
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
offered	VBD
.	.
Individual	NNP
and	CC
family	NN
counseling	NN
in	IN
treatment	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
post	NN
operative	JJ
by-pass	NN
surgery	NN
and	CC
trauma	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
EMDR	NNP
practictioner	NN
.	.
Licensed	VBN
Psychologist	NN
I	PRP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
in	IN
a	DT
supportive	JJ
and	CC
confidential	JJ
environment	NN
for	IN
adults	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
difficulties	NNS
with	IN
eating	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
combines	VBZ
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
and	CC
psychodynamic	JJ
approaches	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
have	VBP
skills	NNS
in	IN
EMDR	NNP
and	CC
hypnosis	NN
.	.
All	DT
Blue	NNP
Cross	NNP
insurances	NNS
are	VBP
accepted	VBN
.	.
Other	JJ
insurances	NNS
may	MD
also	RB
be	VB
possible	JJ
.	.
Integrative	JJ
treatment	NN
approach	NN
using	VBG
bio-neuro-behavioral	JJ
programs	NNS
.	.
Incorporate	VB
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
self	NN
:	:
physical	JJ
,	,
mental	JJ
,	,
emotional	JJ
,	,
and	CC
spiritual	NN
.	.
Website	NNP
has	VBZ
downloads	NNS
of	IN
information	NN
for	IN
less	JJR
than	IN
$	$
10	CD
.	.
Individual	JJ
consulting	NN
services	NNS
also	RB
available	JJ
by	IN
licensed	JJ
therapist	NN
and	CC
personal	JJ
trainer	NN
with	IN
both	DT
personal	JJ
and	CC
professional	JJ
experience	NN
in	IN
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Serving	VBG
individuals	NNS
and	CC
couples	NNS
...	:
12	CD
years	NNS
clinical	JJ
experience	NN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
other	JJ
forms	NNS
of	IN
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
codependency	NN
,	,
trauma	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
childhood	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
...	:
utilizing	VBG
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
approaches	NNS
to	TO
healing	NN
including	VBG
psychodynamic	JJ
,	,
cognitive\/behavioral	JJ
,	,
12-step	JJ
philosophy	NN
and	CC
spirituality	NN
...	:
level	NN
2	CD
trained	VBN
EMDR	NNP
therapist	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
created	VBN
a	DT
personalized	VBN
hypnotic	JJ
program	NN
that	WDT
emphasises	VBZ
developing	VBG
and	CC
maintaining	VBG
a	DT
healthy	JJ
life	NN
style	NN
includeing	VBG
defining	NN
and	CC
setting	VBG
goals	NNS
,	,
healthy	JJ
eating	NN
habits	NNS
and	CC
healthy	JJ
exercise	NN
habits	NNS
.	.
Moving	VBG
from	IN
a	DT
career	NN
in	IN
the	DT
performing	VBG
arts	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
career	NN
as	IN
a	DT
psychologist	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
ISPP\/Chicago	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
I	PRP
received	VBD
training	NN
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Chicago	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Adult	NNP
Neuropsychology	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
in	IN
community	NN
mental	JJ
health	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Niles	NNP
Family	NNP
Service	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
My	PRP$
clinical	JJ
internship	NN
was	VBD
completed	VBN
at	IN
Linden	NNP
Oaks	NNP
Hospital	NNP
in	IN
Naperville	NNP
,	,
Il	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
worked	VBD
intensively	RB
there	RB
both	DT
with	IN
inpatients	NNS
and	CC
partial	JJ
hospitalization	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
treating	VBG
bipolar	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
psychosis	NN
,	,
personality	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
relational	JJ
issues	NNS
in	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
had	VBD
the	DT
privilege	NN
of	IN
working	VBG
intensively	RB
with	IN
the	DT
psychiatrists	NNS
,	,
staff	NN
,	,
and	CC
patients	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
.	.
The	DT
challenges	NNS
of	IN
conquering	VBG
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
are	VBP
great	JJ
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
often	RB
demands	VBZ
a	DT
team	NN
effort	NN
.	.
The	DT
most	RBS
effective	JJ
treatment	NN
requires	VBZ
the	DT
active	JJ
participation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
client	NN
with	IN
the	DT
added	JJ
support	NN
and	CC
structure	NN
that	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
,	,
dietician	NN
,	,
and	CC
psychiatrist	NN
can	MD
contribute	VB
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
necessarily	RB
about	IN
the	DT
food	NN
so	RB
much	RB
as	IN
being	VBG
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
breakdown	NN
in	IN
communication	NN
and\/or	CC
the	DT
avoidance	NN
of	IN
problematic	JJ
feelings	NNS
.	.
For	IN
this	DT
reason	NN
,	,
I	PRP
like	VBP
to	TO
work	VB
both	DT
individually	RB
and	CC
in	IN
the	DT
family	NN
context	NN
whenever	WRB
possible	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
also	RB
an	DT
EMDR	NNP
provider	NN
,	,
and	CC
teach	VB
affect	VB
management	NN
skills	NNS
as	IN
needed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
context	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
work	NN
.	.
I	PRP
strive	VBP
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
partnership	NN
that	WDT
suits	VBZ
the	DT
unique	JJ
and	CC
always	RB
evolving	VBG
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
client	NN
.	.
Clinical	JJ
Hypnotherapist	NNP
\/	NNP
Certified	NNP
Personal	NNP
TrainerI	NNP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
with	IN
women	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
compulsive	JJ
over	IN
eating	NN
,	,
and	CC
negative	JJ
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
five	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
a	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
guided	VBN
imagery	NN
and	CC
counseling	NN
,	,
which	WDT
has	VBZ
proven	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
gentle	JJ
and	CC
effective	JJ
means	NNS
of	IN
healing	VBG
these	DT
issues	NNS
.	.
Neurofeedback	NNP
and	CC
Biofeedback	NNP
--	:
Dedicated	VBN
to	TO
improving	VBG
your	PRP$
physical	JJ
and	CC
mental	JJ
health	NN
and	CC
enhancing	VBG
your	PRP$
performance	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
training	NN
Procedures	NNS
are	VBP
drug-free	JJ
,	,
painless	JJ
and	CC
often	RB
effective	JJ
when	WRB
other	JJ
measures	NNS
fail	VBP
.	.
This	DT
exciting	JJ
new	JJ
technology	NN
uses	VBZ
the	DT
brains	NNS
own	VBP
electrical	JJ
signals	NNS
to	TO
modify	VB
the	DT
thought	NN
process	NN
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
long	RB
been	VBN
known	VBN
that	IN
under	IN
stress	NN
or	CC
anxiety	NN
,	,
or	CC
many	JJ
other	JJ
emotional	JJ
states	NNS
,	,
the	DT
character	NN
of	IN
the	DT
brainwave	NN
patterns	NNS
change	VBP
.	.
By	IN
monitoring	VBG
these	DT
changes	NNS
and	CC
giving	VBG
positive	JJ
or	CC
inhibitory	JJ
reinforcement	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
by	IN
sounds	NNS
and	CC
pictures	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
subject	NN
can	MD
learn	VB
to	TO
actually	RB
alter	VB
the	DT
way	NN
their	PRP$
brain	NN
works	VBZ
.	.
Because	IN
the	DT
brain	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
electro-chemical	JJ
organ	NN
,	,
neuro	NN
feedback	NN
effects	NNS
the	DT
chemistry	NN
of	IN
the	DT
body	NN
.	.
Without	IN
drugs	NNS
.	.
Nationally	RB
Certified	NNP
Counselor	NNP
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
therapist	NN
providing	VBG
comprehensive	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
all	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
Treatment	NNP
is	VBZ
tailored	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
individual	JJ
including	VBG
EMDR	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
prode	VBP
a	DT
sliding	VBG
scale	NN
when	WRB
needed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
a	DT
private	JJ
clinical	JJ
psychological	JJ
service	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
the	DT
assessment	NN
,	,
diagnosis	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
Treatment	NNP
modalities	NNS
include	VBP
supportive	JJ
and	CC
insight-oriented	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
CBT	NNP
,	,
hypnosis	NN
,	,
and	CC
biofeedback	NN
.	.
Involvement	NN
of	IN
significant	JJ
others	NNS
and	CC
liaison	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
treating	VBG
professionals	NNS
also	RB
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
.	.
We	PRP
run	VBP
a	DT
Hypnotherapy	NNP
Clinic	NNP
and	CC
Mind	NNP
Power	NNP
Seminars	NNPS
.	.
We	PRP
specialise	VBP
in	IN
depression	NN
-	:
anxiety	NN
-	:
phobias	NNS
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Plus	CC
many	JJ
other	JJ
disorders	NNS
as	IN
can	MD
be	VB
seen	VBN
by	IN
our	PRP$
Web	NNP
Site	NNP
.	.
Our	PRP$
unique	JJ
MindFrame	NNP
Technique	NNP
is	VBZ
very	RB
powerful	JJ
and	CC
effects	NNS
a	DT
permanent	JJ
,	,
natural	JJ
cure	NN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
Individual	JJ
and	CC
Family	NNP
counseling	NN
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
experiencing	VBG
depression	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
problems	NNS
with	IN
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
All	DT
counseling	NN
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
held	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
home	NN
of	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
convenience	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
for	IN
the	DT
immediate	JJ
benefit	NN
of	IN
quickly	RB
establishing	VBG
rapport	NN
.	.
Counseling	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
through	IN
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
,	,
experiential	JJ
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
systems	NNS
modalities	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
individuals	NNS
on	IN
developing	VBG
self-confidence	NN
,	,
improving	VBG
body	NN
image	NN
and	CC
experiencing	VBG
self-worth	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
is	VBZ
warm	JJ
and	CC
caring	NN
,	,
yet	RB
simple	JJ
and	CC
clear-cut	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
therapy	NN
for	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
range	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
depression	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
a	DT
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
approach	NN
,	,
relaxation	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
psychodynamic	JJ
therapy	NN
and	CC
christian	JJ
counseling	NN
if	IN
desired	VBN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Genie	NNP
Burnett	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
licensed	JJ
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
speciliazed	VBN
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
all	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
provided	VBN
such	JJ
therapy	NN
with	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
their	PRP$
families	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
co-leads	VBZ
a	DT
psychotherapy	NN
process	NN
group	NN
with	IN
Leslie	NNP
Cox	NNP
,	,
dietician	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Lawrenceville	NNP
area	NN
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
are	VBP
planning	VBG
on	IN
starting	VBG
another	DT
process	NN
group	NN
for	IN
adults	NNS
in	IN
January	NNP
2006	CD
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
able	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
Christian	JJ
counseling	NN
to	TO
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
seeking	VBG
such	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Tharp	NNP
is	VBZ
Board	NNP
Certified	NNP
in	IN
Psychiatry	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
received	VBD
his	PRP$
M.D.	NNP
from	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Rochester	NNP
School	NNP
of	IN
Medicine	NNP
and	CC
did	VBD
his	PRP$
internship	NN
and	CC
psychiatric	JJ
residency	NN
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Viginia	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
completed	VBD
a	DT
fellowship	NN
in	IN
child\/adolescent	JJ
psychiatry	NN
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Cincinatti	NNP
College	NNP
of	IN
Medicine	NNP
and	CC
received	VBD
his	PRP$
M.	NNP
Div	NNP
.	.
degree	NN
from	IN
Ashland	NNP
Theological	NNP
Seminary	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
been	VBN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
in	IN
Ohio	NNP
,	,
worked	VBD
in	IN
a	DT
large	JJ
multi-specialty	JJ
medical	JJ
group	NN
,	,
and	CC
was	VBD
staff	NN
psychiatrist	NN
for	IN
six	CD
years	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
Remuda	NNP
Ranch	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
in	IN
Wickenburg	NNP
,	,
Arizona	NNP
,	,
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
foremost	JJ
treatment	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
women	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Available	JJ
services	NNS
include	VBP
psychiatric	JJ
evaluations	NNS
,	,
medication	NN
management	NN
,	,
individual\/group\/marital	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
counseling	NN
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
personal	JJ
life	NN
coaching	NN
.	.
The	DT
integration	NN
of	IN
Christian	NNP
principles	NNS
and	CC
spiritual	JJ
growth	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
for	IN
those	DT
interested	JJ
in	IN
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
treatment	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Tharp	NNP
treats	VBZ
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
problems	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
anxiety	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anorexia\/bulimia\/compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
,	,
obsessive-compulsive	JJ
disorders	NNS
,	,
ADHD	NNP
,	,
substance	NN
abuse	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
ual	JJ
addiction	NN
,	,
bipolar	JJ
disorders	NNS
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
general	JJ
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
In	IN
personal	JJ
life	NN
coaching	NN
,	,
issues	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
life	NN
transitions	NNS
,	,
personal	JJ
relationships	NNS
,	,
balancing	VBG
one	CD
's	POS
work	NN
and	CC
personal	JJ
life	NN
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
spiritual	JJ
struggles	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
addressed	VBN
.	.
Please	VB
visit	VB
our	PRP$
website	NN
for	IN
further	JJ
information	NN
regarding	VBG
our	PRP$
practice	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
philosophy	NN
.	.
We	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
systems	NNS
based	VBN
model	NN
.	.
Much	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
work	NN
we	PRP
do	VBP
centers	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
belief	NN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
treated	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
family	NN
problem	NN
and	CC
that	IN
the	DT
family	NN
system	NN
is	VBZ
stronger	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
when	WRB
it	PRP
works	VBZ
together	RB
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
idea	NN
that	IN
``	``
We	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
humans	NNS
having	VBG
a	DT
spiritual	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
spiritual	JJ
beings	NNS
having	VBG
a	DT
human	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
''	''
,	,
Rev.	NNP
Zirin	NNP
takes	VBZ
a	DT
spiritual	JJ
approach	NN
with	IN
people	NNS
dealing	VBG
with	IN
EDs	NNS
and	CC
believes	VBZ
that	IN
self-awareness	NN
and	CC
self-forgiveness	JJ
rather	RB
then	RB
food	NN
are	VBP
at	IN
the	DT
core	NN
of	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
EDs	NNP
.	.
Through	IN
techniques	NNS
and	CC
modalities	NNS
she	PRP
has	VBZ
developed	VBN
in	IN
curing	VBG
herself	PRP
of	IN
a	DT
lifetime	NN
of	IN
struggling	VBG
with	IN
EDs	NNS
,	,
she	PRP
is	VBZ
able	JJ
to	TO
assist	VB
others	NNS
in	IN
freeing	VBG
themselves	PRP
of	IN
the	DT
self	NN
destructive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
EDs	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
self-destructive	JJ
obsessive-compulsive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
.	.
``	``
If	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
this	DT
,	,
anyone	NN
can	MD
because	RB
my	PRP$
history	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
childhood	NN
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
darkest	JJS
imaginable	JJ
.	.
The	DT
story	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
childhood	NN
rivals	NNS
that	IN
of	IN
Dave	NNP
Peltzer	NNP
,	,
the	DT
author	NN
of	IN
A	DT
CHILD	NNP
CALLED	VBD
IT	PRP
''	''
There	EX
are	VBP
very	RB
few	JJ
things	NNS
that	WDT
anyone	NN
can	MD
tell	VB
me	PRP
are	VBP
reasons	NNS
for	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
continue	VB
abusing	VBG
themselves	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
not	RB
lived	VBN
--	:
very	RB
few	JJ
.	.
And	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
because	IN
of	IN
this	DT
I	PRP
say	VBP
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
to	TO
walk	VB
away	RB
from	IN
the	DT
grips	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
horrendously	RB
overpowering	JJ
disorder	NN
and	CC
all	PDT
the	DT
interrelated	JJ
disorders	NNS
associated	VBN
within	IN
the	DT
family	NN
of	IN
disorders	NNS
called	VBN
EDs	NNP
.	.
Underlying	VBG
all	DT
of	IN
these	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
same	JJ
problem	NN
and	CC
that	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
disconnection	NN
from	IN
the	DT
self	NN
,	,
a	DT
separation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
self	NN
and	CC
disempowerment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
self	NN
which	WDT
must	MD
be	VB
healed	VBN
through	IN
deep	JJ
inner	JJ
work	NN
,	,
that	WDT
can	MD
only	RB
be	VB
done	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
conscious	JJ
way	NN
.	.
The	DT
journey	NN
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
going	VBG
inward	JJ
and	CC
Rev.	NNP
Zirin	NNP
not	RB
only	RB
knows	VBZ
the	DT
way	NN
,	,
she	PRP
also	RB
can	MD
show	VB
others	NNS
the	DT
way	NN
in	IN
and	CC
can	MD
guide	VB
and	CC
course	NN
correct	VBP
them	PRP
to	TO
their	PRP$
goal	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
and	CC
peace	NN
.	.
``	``
The	DT
path	NN
may	MD
be	VB
littered	VBN
with	IN
challenges	NNS
but	CC
none	NN
are	VBP
as	IN
frightening	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
option	NN
of	IN
staying	VBG
stuck	VBN
with	IN
ED	NNP
.	.
''	''
``	``
I	PRP
bring	VBP
unconditional	JJ
loving	JJ
and	CC
straight	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
hip	NN
talk	NN
to	TO
each	DT
and	CC
every	DT
client	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
know	VB
any	DT
other	JJ
way	NN
.	.
I	PRP
consider	VBP
it	PRP
a	DT
blessing	NN
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
mentor	NN
each	DT
and	CC
every	DT
person	NN
who	WP
comes	VBZ
to	TO
me	PRP
and	CC
in	IN
turn	NN
I	PRP
look	VBP
for	IN
honesty	NN
and	CC
clarity	NN
of	IN
intention	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
.	.
''	''
We	PRP
provide	VBP
experienced	JJ
,	,
comprehensive	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
,	,
families	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
and	CC
individuals	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
specialties	NNS
include	VBP
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
post-traumatic	JJ
stress	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
trauma\/abuse	NN
,	,
grief	NN
,	,
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
adolescent\/teen	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
family	NN
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
parenting	NN
support	NN
and	CC
others	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
a	DT
professional	JJ
,	,
confidential	JJ
and	CC
comfortable	JJ
counseling	NN
experience	NN
,	,
with	IN
flexible	JJ
hours	NNS
and	CC
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
based	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
specific	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
clients	NNS
.	.
Most	JJS
insurance	NN
accepted	VBN
.	.
Fees	NNS
based	VBN
upon	IN
a	DT
sliding-fee	JJ
scale	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
conveniently	RB
located	VBN
in	IN
North	NNP
Scottsdale	NNP
on	IN
Frank	NNP
Lloyd	NNP
Wright	NNP
near	IN
the	DT
Loop	NNP
101	CD
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
on	IN
our	PRP$
services	NNS
,	,
our	PRP$
therapists	NNS
,	,
community	NN
events	NNS
,	,
resources	NNS
and	CC
our	PRP$
location	NN
,	,
please	VB
visit	NN
our	PRP$
website	NN
at	IN
www.mmcounseling.com	NN
.	.
Beth	NNP
Roe	NNP
provides	VBZ
outpatient	NN
psychotherapy	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
works	VBZ
with	IN
females	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
bulemia	NN
and	CC
anorexia	NN
.	.
Clients	NNS
under	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
17	CD
are	VBP
not	RB
seen	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
clinic	NN
.	.
Beth	NNP
also	RB
does	VBZ
family	NN
therapy	NN
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
This	DT
practice	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
Christian	JJ
Counseling	NN
service	NN
.	.
Freedom	NNP
from	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
International	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FED	NNP
Inter	NNP
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
led	VBN
by	IN
author	NN
and	CC
founder	NN
Judy	NNP
Vene	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
an	DT
organization	NN
of	IN
individuals	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
journey	NN
to	TO
allow	VB
God	NNP
to	TO
lead	VB
us	PRP
from	IN
the	DT
prison	NN
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
in	IN
three	CD
ways	NNS
:1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Spiritually	RB
:	:
We	PRP
feed	VBP
and	CC
nurture	VBP
our	PRP$
mind	NN
and	CC
spirit	NN
through	IN
God	NNP
,	,
His	PRP$
Word	NN
and	CC
biblical	JJ
principals	NNS
applied	VBD
specifically	RB
to	TO
our	PRP$
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Emotionally	RB
:	:
We	PRP
feed	VB
ourselves	PRP
emotionally	RB
by	IN
breaking	VBG
out	IN
of	IN
isolation	NN
and	CC
being	VBG
supported	VBN
in	IN
word	NN
and	CC
prayer	NN
by	IN
others	NNS
walking	VBG
the	DT
same	JJ
path	NN
through	IN
FED	NNP
groups	NNS
.	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
start	VB
a	DT
FED	NNP
group	NN
!	.
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
Physically	RB
:	:
We	PRP
feed	VB
ourselves	PRP
physically	RB
by	IN
learning	VBG
how	WRB
FED	NNP
's	POS
nutritional	JJ
program	NN
,	,
healthy	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
exercise	NN
will	MD
defend	VB
,	,
protect	VB
,	,
restore	VB
,	,
nourish	VB
and	CC
regulate	VB
cellular	JJ
health	NN
.	.
A	DT
non	JJ
profit	NN
organization	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
Christian	JJ
based	VBN
teaching	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
those	DT
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Binge\/Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
.	.
Our	PRP$
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
teach	VB
clients	NNS
their	PRP$
identity	NN
in	IN
Christ	NNP
while	IN
promoting	VBG
healthy	JJ
boundries	NNS
and	CC
learning	VBG
about	IN
topics	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
;	:
Body	NNP
Image	NN
,	,
Nutrition	NNP
,	,
Control	NNP
,	,
Fear	NN
,	,
Anger	NN
,	,
Family	NNP
issues	NNS
,	,
Healthy	JJ
Coping	VBG
Skills	NNS
,	,
teaching	NN
clients	NNS
about	IN
their	PRP$
true	JJ
identity	NN
in	IN
Christ	NNP
,	,
an	DT
identity	NN
of	IN
love	NN
and	CC
acceptance	NN
,	,
while	IN
recognizing	VBG
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
resulted	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
This	DT
ministry	NN
's	POS
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
quality	NN
care	NN
according	VBG
to	TO
level	NN
of	IN
acuity	NN
with	IN
the	DT
professionals	NNS
trained	VBN
and	CC
experienced	VBN
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
not	RB
limited	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
clients	NNS
financial	JJ
condition	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
12	CD
week	NN
session	NN
,	,
depending	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
clients	NNS
specific	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
have	VBP
a	DT
support	NN
group	NN
that	WDT
meets	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
2nd	JJ
and	CC
4th	JJ
Tuesday	NNP
evening	NN
of	IN
every	DT
month	NN
.	.
Support	NN
group	NN
meetings	NNS
for	IN
Binge	NNP
Eating\/Compulsive	NNP
overeating	NN
.	.
Support	NN
group	NN
meetings	NNS
for	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia.Six-week	NNP
Summer	NNP
Day	NNP
Program	NNP
beginning	VBG
June	NNP
14th	JJ
,	,
2004	CD
for	IN
Middle\/High	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
College	NNP
aged	VBN
girls	NNS
.	.
Fall	NN
Day	NNP
Program	NNP
for	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
beginning	VBG
September	NNP
2004	CD
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
and	CC
details	NNS
of	IN
listed	JJ
groups	NNS
.	.
Kristen	NNP
Mews	NNP
,	,
LPCA	NNP
provides	VBZ
Christian	NNP
mental	JJ
health	NN
treatment\/counseling	VBG
for	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
including	VBG
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
responding	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
clients	NNS
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
group	NN
services	NNS
provided	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Northwest	NNP
Valley	NNP
.	.
Play	NNP
therapy	NN
,	,
adolescent	JJ
counseling	NN
and	CC
biblical	JJ
counseling	NN
available	JJ
.	.
Support	NN
groups	NNS
offered	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
ED	NNP
,	,
grief	NN
and	CC
boundaries\/women	NN
's	POS
issues	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Evening	NN
and	CC
Saturday	NNP
appointments	NNS
available	JJ
.	.
A	DT
warm	JJ
cozy	JJ
safe	JJ
haven	NN
providing	VBG
unconditional	JJ
support	NN
and	CC
encouragement	NN
for	IN
all	PDT
those	DT
affected	VBN
by	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Ophelia	NNP
's	POS
Place	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
place	NN
where	WRB
you	PRP
can	MD
express	VB
yourself	PRP
...	:
a	DT
place	NN
where	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
defined	VBN
by	IN
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
no	DT
labels	NNS
...	:
no	DT
mirrors	VBZ
,	,
no	DT
magazines	NNS
,	,
no	DT
television	NN
,	,
no	DT
outside	JJ
media	NNS
demands	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
just	RB
warm	JJ
cozy	JJ
chairs	NNS
,	,
music	NN
and	CC
art	NN
,	,
books	NNS
and	CC
journals	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
place	NN
to	TO
love	VB
yourself	PRP
and	CC
be	VB
loved	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
supported	VBN
and	CC
encouraged	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
place	NN
filled	VBN
with	IN
hope	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
therapist	NN
who	WP
treats	VBZ
eating	VBG
disorderd	NN
clients	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
treatment	NN
plan	NN
includes	VBZ
the	DT
collaberation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
nutritionist	NN
and	CC
a	DT
psychiatrist	NN
if	IN
indicated	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
therapy	NN
with	IN
an	DT
emphasis	NN
on	IN
the	DT
underlying	VBG
pain	NN
that	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
numbing	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
Christian	NNP
and	CC
use	VB
biblical	JJ
principles	NNS
and	CC
prayer	NN
if	IN
the	DT
client	NN
is	VBZ
receptive	JJ
.	.
Registered	NNP
Counselor	NNP
On-line	NN
or	CC
in-person	JJ
Biblical	JJ
counseling	NN
for	IN
those	DT
struggling	VBG
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
or	CC
wanting	VBG
general	JJ
diet	NN
and	CC
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
Low-cost	JJ
counseling	NN
and	CC
flexible	JJ
payment	NN
arrangements	NNS
.	.
Sparrows	NNS
'	POS
Haven	NNP
Ministries	NNPS
exist	VBP
to	TO
help	VB
women	NNS
with	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
residential	JJ
treatment	NN
center	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
separate	JJ
non-profit	JJ
Foundation	NNP
that	IN
raises	VBZ
money	NN
for	IN
treatment	NN
costs	NNS
.	.
Come	VBN
to	TO
our	PRP$
site	NN
and	CC
learn	VB
about	IN
our	PRP$
non-denominational	JJ
,	,
biblical	JJ
Christian	NNP
foundation	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
our	PRP$
program	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
those	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
with	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
whether	IN
it	PRP
also	RB
dealing	VBG
with	IN
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
,	,
other	JJ
kinds	NNS
of	IN
abuse	NN
,	,
dissociative	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
serious	JJ
additional	JJ
illnesses	NNS
you	PRP
face	VBP
.	.
Ongoing	JJ
ANAD	NNP
support	NN
group	NN
:	:
the	DT
2nd	JJ
and	CC
4th	JJ
Mondays	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
month	NN
,	,
from	IN
6:30	CD
-7:30	CD
pm	NN
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
a	DT
supportive	JJ
and	CC
warm	JJ
enviroment	NN
to	TO
those	DT
seeking	VBG
a	DT
place	NN
to	TO
help	VB
in	IN
their	PRP$
recovery	NN
from	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
and	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
also	RB
provide	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
referrals	NNS
to	TO
local	JJ
resources	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
therapists	NNS
,	,
dietitians	NNS
,	,
treatment	NN
centers	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
support	NN
groups	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
aid	VB
in	IN
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
full	JJ
service	NN
counseling	NN
center	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
Compulsive	NNP
Overeating	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
individual	JJ
,	,
couple	NN
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
a	DT
teen	JJ
group	NN
,	,
and	CC
women	NNS
's	POS
group	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
provide	VB
referrals	NNS
to	TO
other	JJ
specialists	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Bay	NNP
Area	NNP
and	CC
can	MD
also	RB
refer	VB
to	TO
programs	NNS
for	IN
inpatient	JJ
care	NN
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
two	CD
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
specialists	NNS
on	IN
staff	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
a	DT
dietitian	NN
,	,
and	CC
contact	NN
with	IN
doctors	NNS
and	CC
psychiatrists	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
put	VB
together	RP
a	DT
team	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
a	DT
Parent	NNP
's	POS
and	CC
Loved	VBD
Ones	NNS
Education	NNP
andSupport	NNP
Workshop	NNP
on	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
Provides	VBZ
information	NN
on	IN
existing	VBG
no-fee	JJ
support	NN
groups	NNS
and	CC
self-help	JJ
groups	NNS
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
hundreds	NNS
of	IN
other	JJ
addictions	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
disorders	NNS
.	.
Also	RB
has	VBZ
database	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
1,100	CD
national	JJ
and	CC
model	JJ
groups	NNS
.	.
Provides	VBZ
free	JJ
help	NN
to	TO
those	DT
interested	JJ
in	IN
starting	VBG
any	DT
type	NN
of	IN
needed	VBN
new	JJ
self-help	JJ
group	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
area	NN
.	.
Serves	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
State-funded	JJ
non-profit	JJ
service	NN
.	.
A	DT
New	NNP
York	NNP
Metro	NNP
area	NN
based	VBN
psychotherapy	NN
referral	NN
service	NN
.	.
Members	NNS
are	VBP
highly	RB
trained	VBN
professionals	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
15	CD
years	NNS
experience	NN
.	.
Offices	NNS
are	VBP
spread	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
area	NN
,	,
mostly	RB
in	IN
Manhattan	NNP
but	CC
also	RB
in	IN
Central	NNP
and	CC
Northern	NNP
New	NNP
Jersey	NNP
and	CC
in	IN
Westchester	NNP
and	CC
Nassau	NNP
Counties	NNS
,	,
New	NNP
York	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
as	IN
a	DT
specialist	NN
coach	NN
to	TO
support	VB
recovery	NN
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
over	IN
the	DT
telephone	NN
with	IN
clients	NNS
worldwide	RB
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
face	NN
to	TO
face	VB
in	IN
Tulsa	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
doing	VBG
this	DT
work	NN
for	IN
twenty	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
30-minute	JJ
phone	NN
discussion	NN
or	CC
visit	NN
free	JJ
of	IN
charge	NN
for	IN
prospective	JJ
clients	NNS
to	TO
explore	VB
my	PRP$
approach	NN
and	CC
style	NN
.	.
Full	NNP
information	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
on	IN
my	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Coach	VBP
I	PRP
am	VBP
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
coach	NN
who	WP
works	VBZ
with	IN
women	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
committed	VBN
to	TO
overcoming	VBG
bulimia	NN
,	,
anorexia	NN
and	CC
binge-eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
take	VB
the	DT
place	NN
of	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
;	:
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
recovered	VBN
bulimic	JJ
with	IN
many	JJ
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
in	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
field	NN
who	WP
can	MD
help	VB
someone	NN
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
set	VBN
weekly	JJ
and	CC
monthly	JJ
goals	NNS
toward	IN
overcoming	VBG
their	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
and	CC
helping	VBG
them	PRP
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
future	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
filled	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
activities	NNS
,	,
people	NNS
and	CC
work	NN
that	WDT
bring	VBP
them	PRP
joy	NN
.	.
As	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
coach	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
completely	RB
committed	VBN
to	TO
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
frequent	JJ
phone	NN
and	CC
email	NN
contact	NN
as	IN
I	PRP
help	VBP
them	PRP
set	VBN
and	CC
achieve	VB
their	PRP$
goals	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
newest	JJS
form	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
in	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
field	NN
,	,
and	CC
when	WRB
used	VBN
alone	RB
or	CC
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
therapy	NN
and	CC
support	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
can	MD
completely	RB
transform	VB
a	DT
person	NN
's	POS
life	NN
.	.
Another	DT
beauty	NN
of	IN
having	VBG
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
coach	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
place	NN
as	IN
your	PRP$
client	NN
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
so	RB
flexible	JJ
that	IN
it	PRP
can	MD
fit	VB
into	IN
anyone	NN
's	POS
schedule	NN
.	.
I	PRP
recovered	VBD
from	IN
bulimia	NN
in	IN
the	DT
70	CD
's	POS
when	WRB
there	EX
was	VBD
No	DT
treatment	NN
,	,
so	RB
helping	VBG
others	NNS
is	VBZ
the	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
contribution	NN
I	PRP
can	MD
make	VB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
social	JJ
worker	NN
with	IN
30	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
and	CC
am	VBP
also	RB
a	DT
certified	JJ
Life	NNP
Coach	VBP
.	.
My	PRP$
interest	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
normal-weight	JJ
bulimia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
see	VBP
clients	NNS
in	IN
my	PRP$
office	NN
for	IN
individual	JJ
,	,
group	NN
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
coach	NN
by	IN
phone	NN
and	CC
email	NN
if	IN
the	DT
person	NN
has	VBZ
medical	JJ
support	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
city	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
afraid	JJ
of	IN
difficult	JJ
issues	NNS
or	CC
chronic	JJ
bulimia	NN
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
group	NN
psychotherapist	NN
to	TO
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
adults	NNS
with	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
interpersonal	JJ
problems	NNS
and	CC
school\/work	NN
performance	NN
.	.
Sports	NNP
Performance	NNP
Coach	VBP
to	TO
athletes	NNS
around	IN
issues	NNS
including	VBG
focusing	VBG
,	,
confidence	NN
,	,
arousal	NN
control	NN
,	,
motivation	NN
,	,
and	CC
fears	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
clinical	JJ
social	JJ
worker	NN
and	CC
lifestyle	NN
coach	NN
that	WDT
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
whole-person	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
physical	JJ
,	,
spiritual	JJ
,	,
emotional	JJ
,	,
and	CC
relational	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
treatment	NN
approach	NN
to	TO
individuals	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Compulsive\/Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
,	,
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
and	CC
am	VBP
available	JJ
for	IN
speaker	NN
engagements	NNS
and	CC
consultation	NN
.	.
Regent	NNP
Health	NNP
Service	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
private	JJ
non-medical	JJ
addiction	NN
and	CC
mental	JJ
health	NN
healing	NN
resource	NN
.	.
Professional	NNP
counselling	NN
,	,
skill	NN
training	NN
,	,
consultation	NN
for	IN
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
panic	NN
attacks	NNS
,	,
stress	NN
,	,
mood	NN
disturbance	NN
relationships	NNS
,	,
self-esteem	NN
,	,
anger	NN
management	NN
,	,
personal	JJ
growth	NN
.	.
Private	JJ
,	,
confidential	JJ
and	CC
respectful	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
Fee	NN
for	IN
service	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
psychotherapy	NN
for	IN
adults	NNS
with	IN
eating	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
related	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
,	,
anorexia	NN
,	,
and	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
Other	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
specialization	NN
include	VBP
relationship	NN
and	CC
self	NN
esteem	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
stress	NN
management	NN
,	,
and	CC
recovery	NN
from	IN
trauma	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
I	PRP
offer	VBP
coaching	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
person	NN
on	IN
via	IN
phone	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
weight	NN
management	NN
using	VBG
a	DT
non-diet	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
help	VB
individuals	NNS
reach	VB
a	DT
naturally	RB
healthy	JJ
weight	NN
.	.
Feel	NNP
free	JJ
to	TO
call	VB
or	CC
email	VB
with	IN
questions	NNS
about	IN
my	PRP$
practice	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
approach	NN
.	.
Licensed	NNP
Psychologist	NNP
and	CC
Professional	NNP
Coach	VBP
Susan	NNP
provides	VBZ
traditional	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
life	NN
coaching	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
of	IN
people	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Her	PRP$
approach	NN
is	VBZ
holistic	JJ
,	,
incorporating	VBG
emotional	JJ
,	,
physical	JJ
and	CC
spiritual	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
life	NN
during	IN
and	CC
beyond	IN
the	DT
acute	JJ
phases	NNS
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
Individual	NNP
and	CC
group	NN
coaching	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
moving	VBG
on	IN
from	IN
unhealthy	JJ
patterns	NNS
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
available	JJ
in	IN
person	NN
or	CC
with	IN
telephone	NN
and	CC
internet	NN
support	NN
.	.
Tori	NNP
Rodriguez	NNP
,	,
MA	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
founder	NN
and	CC
director	NN
of	IN
The	DT
Balance	NNP
Center	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
provides	VBZ
psychotherapy\/counseling	VBG
to	TO
individuals	NNS
seeking	VBG
recovery	NN
from	IN
substance	NN
abuse	NN
and	CC
addiction	NN
,	,
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
including	VBG
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
,	,
codependency	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
trauma	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
life-controlling	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
offers	VBZ
coaching	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
individuals	NNS
with	IN
general	JJ
growth	NN
and	CC
development	NN
.	.
Please	VB
contact	VB
her	PRP$
for	IN
a	DT
free	JJ
,	,
confidential	JJ
consultation	NN
about	IN
individual	JJ
or	CC
group	NN
treatment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
changing	VBG
your	PRP$
mental	JJ
thoughts	NNS
to	TO
change	VB
your	PRP$
health	NN
and	CC
your	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
an	DT
Expert	NN
Mind\/Body	NNP
Nutritionist	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
in	IN
Human	NNP
Nutrition	NNP
and	CC
Foods	NNP
from	IN
the	DT
Virginia	NNP
Tech	NNP
.	.
13	CD
years	NNS
ago	IN
I	PRP
began	VBD
as	RB
just	RB
a	DT
typical	JJ
nutritionist	NN
educating	VBG
about	IN
foods	NNS
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
eat	VB
balanced	JJ
for	IN
well	RB
being	VBG
.	.
After	IN
struggling	VBG
with	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
eating	NN
disorder	NN
8	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
I	PRP
took	VBD
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
to	TO
a	DT
different	JJ
level	NN
.	.
I	PRP
read	VBP
every	DT
book	NN
on	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
emotional	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
mind-body	JJ
connections	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
found	VBD
other	JJ
experts	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
and	CC
began	VBD
emulated	VBN
them	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
taught	VBD
myself	PRP
everything	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
about	RB
food	NN
and	CC
thoughts	NNS
while	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
clients	NNS
.	.
Recently	RB
,	,
I	PRP
've	VBP
taken	VBN
my	PRP$
nutrition	NN
coaching	NN
online	NN
and	CC
on	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
.	.
I	PRP
teach	VBP
groups	NNS
sessions	NNS
and	CC
supportive	JJ
community	NN
seminars	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
others	NNS
.	.
Laurie	NNP
Daily	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Certified	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Specialist	NNP
who	WP
does	VBZ
online	NN
and	CC
telephone	NN
coaching	NN
.	.
Laurie	NNP
is	VBZ
also	RB
the	DT
founder	NN
of	IN
Harmony	NNP
Grove	NNP
Supportive	JJ
Living	VBG
program	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
difficult	JJ
to	TO
overcome	VB
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
on	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
With	IN
a	DT
coach	NN
you	PRP
can	MD
make	VB
daily	JJ
commitments	NNS
for	IN
health	NN
and	CC
also	RB
have	VBP
someone	NN
to	TO
call	VB
when	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
struggling	VBG
.	.
Laurie	NNP
had	VBD
14	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
recovery	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
a	DT
warm	JJ
and	CC
empathetic	JJ
heart	NN
.	.
She	PRP
understands	VBZ
what	WP
it	PRP
's	VBZ
like	IN
to	TO
walk	VB
through	IN
the	DT
pain	NN
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
and	CC
to	TO
find	VB
freedom	NN
in	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Please	VB
do	VB
n't	RB
waste	VB
another	DT
day	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
CALL	NNP
TODAY	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
binge	NN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
,	,
weight	NN
management	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
phobias	NNS
using	VBG
primarily	RB
a	DT
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
approach	NN
.	.
I	PRP
mainly	RB
work	VBP
with	IN
women	NNS
and	CC
individuals	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
try	VBP
to	TO
give	VB
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
the	DT
tools	NNS
they	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
succeed	VB
outside	IN
of	IN
therapy	NN
.	.
Alison	NNP
Jenkins	NNP
offers	VBZ
a	DT
unique	JJ
online	NN
counselling	NN
service	NN
via	IN
a	DT
secure	JJ
encrypted	JJ
e-mail	NN
service	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
recovering	VBG
compulsive	JJ
overeater	NN
herself	PRP
,	,
Alison	NNP
is	VBZ
able	JJ
to	TO
offer	VB
both	DT
professional	JJ
and	CC
personal	JJ
experience	NN
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
in	IN
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
life	NN
really	RB
can	MD
change	VB
;	:
the	DT
hopelessness	NN
can	MD
fade	VB
away	RB
and	CC
be	VB
replaced	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
recovery	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
better	JJR
than	IN
your	PRP$
wildest	JJS
dreams	NNS
.	.
Alison	NNP
is	VBZ
living	VBG
proof	NN
of	IN
what	WP
can	MD
be	VB
achieved	VBN
in	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Annette	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
working	VBG
with	IN
individuals	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
for	IN
4	CD
years	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
committed	VBN
to	TO
helping	VBG
individuals	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
seek	VBP
solutions	NNS
to	TO
daily	JJ
challenges	NNS
.	.
Annette	NNP
will	MD
assist	VB
you	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
loved	VBN
ones	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
path	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
It	PRP
takes	VBZ
work	NN
,	,
but	CC
you	PRP
can	MD
lead	VB
a	DT
happier	JJR
and	CC
healthier	RBR
life.individuals-families-groupsGroups	JJ
starting	VBG
throughout	IN
the	DT
year	NN
,	,
please	VB
contact	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
quality	NN
,	,
comprehensive	JJ
online	NN
counseling	NN
and	CC
medical	JJ
information	NN
and	CC
services	NNS
via	IN
audiovisual	JJ
,	,
chat	VB
,	,
email	NN
,	,
and	CC
telephone	NN
mediums	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
complete	JJ
online	NN
healthcare	NN
clinic	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
a	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
hypnotic	JJ
audiotapes	NNS
and	CC
mental	JJ
health	NN
educational	JJ
videotapes	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
treat	VBP
children	NNS
and	CC
teens	NNS
with	IN
eating	NN
and	CC
emotional	JJ
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
in	IN
special	JJ
education	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
conducted	VBN
numerous	JJ
staff	NN
workshops	NNS
for	IN
teachers	NNS
and	CC
paraprofessionals	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
taught	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
College	NNP
of	IN
New	NNP
Rochelle	NNP
and	CC
have	VBP
written	VBN
for	IN
numerous	JJ
professional	JJ
publications	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
subject	NN
of	IN
children	NNS
and	CC
various	JJ
psychosomatic	JJ
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
offer	VB
services	NNS
on	IN
line	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
in	IN
person	NN
.	.
An	DT
informative	JJ
and	CC
interactive	JJ
web	NN
site	NN
designed	VBN
to	TO
reach	VB
professionals	NNS
and	CC
parents	NNS
who	WP
need	VBP
to	TO
learn	VB
how	WRB
best	JJS
to	TO
respond	VB
to	TO
the	DT
eating	NN
disordered	JJ
child	NN
or	CC
to	TO
the	DT
child	NN
who	WP
may	MD
display	VB
a	DT
susceptibility	NN
to	TO
eating	VBG
dysfunction	NN
.	.
The	DT
site	NN
counsels	VBZ
parents	NNS
and	CC
caregivers	NNS
to	TO
become	VB
proactive	JJ
mentors	NNS
of	IN
prevention	NN
and	CC
recovery	NN
.	.
EmpoweredKids	NNP
@	SYM
www.empoweredparents.com	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
interactive	JJ
sub-site	JJ
specifically	RB
directed	VBN
to	TO
children	NNS
ages	NNS
7	CD
-	:
teenage	JJ
,	,
educating	VBG
and	CC
responding	VBG
to	TO
viewers	NNS
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
become	VB
healthier	RBR
eaters	NNS
and	CC
problem-solvers	NNS
.	.
Holistic	NNP
Health	NNP
and	CC
Food	NNP
Addiction	NNP
Specialist	NNP
Holistic	NNP
Concepts	NNPS
offers	VBZ
a	DT
unique	JJ
Eating	NNP
Recovery	NNP
Program	NNP
Online	NNP
designed	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
those	DT
suffering	VBG
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
sugar	NN
addiction	NN
,	,
chronic	JJ
obesity	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
weight	NN
and	CC
food	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
4	CD
online	JJ
sessions	NNS
with	IN
Dr.	NNP
Sharon	NNP
,	,
food	NN
addiction	NN
specialist	NN
,	,
holistic	JJ
health	NN
educator	NN
and	CC
recovering	VBG
bulimic	JJ
,	,
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
manual\/workbook	NN
written	VBN
by	IN
Dr.	NNP
Sharon	NNP
and	CC
an	DT
online	JJ
email	NN
support	NN
group	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
offered	VBN
online	NN
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
help	VB
as	RB
many	JJ
people	NNS
as	IN
possible	JJ
find	VB
a	DT
program	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
design	NN
just	RB
for	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Inflexxion	NNP
Inc.	NNP
has	VBZ
developed	VBN
Food	NNP
,	,
Mood	NNP
and	CC
Attitude	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
an	DT
interactive	JJ
CD-ROM	NN
program	NN
designed	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
important	JJ
health	NN
information	NN
to	TO
college	NN
women	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
utilizes	VBZ
preventive	JJ
techniques	NNS
,	,
harm	NN
reduction	NN
approaches	NNS
,	,
and	CC
multimedia	NNS
technology	NN
to	TO
communicate	VB
health	NN
and	CC
nutrition	NN
information	NN
in	IN
a	DT
confidential	JJ
and	CC
personalized	JJ
manner	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
primary	JJ
and	CC
secondary	JJ
prevention	NN
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
and	CC
includes	VBZ
information	NN
on	IN
healthy	JJ
exercise	NN
,	,
general	JJ
nutrition	NN
,	,
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
Food	NNP
,	,
Mood	NNP
and	CC
Attitude	NNP
is	VBZ
self-administered	JJ
,	,
self-paced	JJ
and	CC
self-directed	JJ
,	,
allowing	VBG
the	DT
user	NN
to	TO
explore	VB
the	DT
program	NN
on	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
and	CC
focus	VB
on	IN
the	DT
areas	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
of	IN
greatest	JJS
interest	NN
to	TO
them	PRP
.	.
Loving	JJ
,	,
confidential	JJ
,	,
accomplished	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
all	DT
related	VBN
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
anxiety	NN
,	,
anger	NN
,	,
confusion	NN
,	,
weariness	NN
and	CC
loved	VBD
ones	NNS
misunderstanding	VBG
.	.
Philadelphia	NNP
face-to-face	RB
;	:
and	CC
instant	JJ
messaging	NN
and	CC
phone	NN
therapy	NN
from	IN
anywhere	RB
in	IN
the	DT
world	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
a	DT
qualified	VBN
counsellor	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Graduate	NNP
Diploma	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
specialising	VBG
in	IN
helping	VBG
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
see	VB
me	PRP
face-to-face	RB
at	IN
my	PRP$
practice	NN
in	IN
York	NNP
,	,
or	CC
have	VBP
telephone	NN
counselling	NN
anywhere	RB
in	IN
the	DT
U.K.	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
pay	VBP
for	IN
the	DT
call	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Together	RB
we	PRP
can	MD
explore	VB
why	WRB
food	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
have	VBP
become	VBN
so	RB
problematic	JJ
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
By	IN
leaving	VBG
your	PRP$
fears	NNS
behind	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
chance	NN
to	TO
change	VB
your	PRP$
life	NN
and	CC
fulfill	VB
your	PRP$
goals	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
personal	JJ
experience	NN
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
myself	PRP
,	,
through	IN
my	PRP$
teens	NNS
and	CC
twenties	NNS
,	,
though	IN
am	VBP
now	RB
recovered	VBN
.	.
BACP	NNP
affiliated	JJ
and	CC
full	JJ
indemnity	NN
insurance	NN
.	.
Please	VB
feel	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
E	NNP
mail	NN
or	CC
ring	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
details	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
psychotherapist	NN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
with	IN
18	CD
years	NNS
experience	NN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
,	,
couple	NN
,	,
and	CC
group	NN
psychotherapy	NN
for	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
issues	NNS
including	VBG
body	NN
image\/food	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
experience	NN
with	IN
body	NN
image\/food	NN
issues	NNS
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
that	WDT
arise	VBP
from	IN
trauma	NN
,	,
dysfunctional	JJ
family	NN
relationships	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
body	NN
image	NN
or	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
,	,
familial	JJ
pressures	NNS
,	,
societal	JJ
definitions	NNS
of	IN
beauty	NN
for	IN
both	DT
women	NNS
and	CC
men	NNS
,	,
among	IN
other	JJ
reasons	NNS
.	.
Regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
reasons	NNS
for	IN
having	VBG
trouble	NN
with	IN
food	NN
or	CC
your	PRP$
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
both	DT
process	NN
and	CC
practical	JJ
oriented	VBN
.	.
This	DT
means	VBZ
I	PRP
emphasize	VB
both	DT
the	DT
therapeutic	JJ
process	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
offer	NN
you	PRP
practical	JJ
tools	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
use	VB
in	IN
your	PRP$
daily	JJ
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
skilled	JJ
at	IN
using	VBG
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
counselling	NN
modalities	NNS
including	VBG
psychodynamic	JJ
,	,
gestalt	NN
,	,
psychosynthesis	NN
,	,
visualization	NN
,	,
body	NN
movement	NN
,	,
guided	VBN
imagery	NN
,	,
and	CC
body	NN
awareness	NN
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
the	DT
approach	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
best	JJS
suited	VBN
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
An	DT
on-line	JJ
counseling	NN
website	NN
hosted	VBN
by	IN
Diana	NNP
DeLaney-Finch	NNP
,	,
a	DT
licensed	JJ
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
,	,
over	IN
a	DT
secured	VBN
website	NN
.	.
Professional	NNP
&	CC
confidential	JJ
,	,
in-depth	JJ
response	NN
in	IN
less	JJR
than	IN
24	CD
hours	NNS
.	.
Non-profit	JJ
-	:
nominal	JJ
fee	NN
of	IN
$	$
25	CD
to	TO
maintain	VB
website	NN
.	.
Counseling	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
is	VBZ
an	DT
area	NN
of	IN
expertise	NN
.	.
Certified	NNP
Social	NNP
Worker	NNP
,	,
Nutritional	NNP
Counselor	NNP
Individual	NNP
treatment	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Online	NNP
support	NN
available	JJ
between	IN
sessions	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
online	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
graduate	NN
of	IN
New	NNP
York	NNP
University	NNP
with	IN
15	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
exculsivly	RB
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
Fee	NN
's	POS
for	IN
treatment	NN
are	VBP
reasonable	JJ
as	IN
my	PRP$
primary	JJ
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
help	VB
those	DT
in	IN
need	NN
to	TO
recover	VB
.	.
Counseling	NN
via	IN
e-mail	NN
is	VBZ
accessible	JJ
globally	RB
with	IN
Patricia	NNP
Roles	NNP
who	WP
is	VBZ
a	DT
professional	JJ
clinical	JJ
social	JJ
worker	NN
registered	VBN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
experience	NN
includes	VBZ
over	IN
20	CD
years	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
children	NNS
's	POS
teaching	NN
hospital	NN
counseling	NN
youth	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Other	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
specialty	NN
include	VBP
loss	NN
,	,
adoption	NN
,	,
life	NN
transitons	NNS
,	,
parenting	NN
issues	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
communication	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
relatively	RB
young	JJ
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
very	RB
fortunate	JJ
in	IN
helping	VBG
many	JJ
people	NNS
,	,
since	IN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
I	PRP
attended	VBD
have	VB
had	VBN
exceptional	JJ
volunteer	NN
opportunities	NNS
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
my	PRP$
work	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
with	IN
youths	NNS
,	,
and	CC
young	JJ
adults	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
or	CC
have	VBP
been	VBN
suicidal	JJ
,	,
suffer	VBP
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
sexual	JJ
abuse	NN
,	,
physical	JJ
abuse	NN
,	,
substance	NN
absuse	NN
and	CC
depression	NN
.	.
The	DT
main	JJ
goal	NN
of	IN
any	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
programsis	NN
to	TO
raise	VB
self-awareness	NN
in	IN
the	DT
patient	NN
and	CC
,	,
especially	RB
,	,
self-esteem	NN
since	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
belief	NN
that	IN
most	JJS
,	,
if	IN
not	RB
all	DT
,	,
disorders	NNS
stem	VBP
from	IN
a	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
self-esteem	NN
.	.
In	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
E.D	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
people	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
focus	VBP
on	IN
trying	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
the	DT
family	NN
involved	VBN
,	,
since	IN
we	PRP
all	DT
need	VBP
a	DT
support	NN
group	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
run	VBP
an	DT
online	JJ
site	NN
,	,
Safe	NNP
Haven	NNP
,	,
for	IN
teenagers	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
staffed	VBN
by	IN
young	JJ
volunteers	NNS
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
wisdom	NN
they	PRP
share	VBP
about	RB
painful	JJ
life	NN
circumstances	NNS
applies	VBZ
,	,
I	PRP
believe	VBP
,	,
to	TO
us	PRP
all	DT
.	.
My	PRP$
goal	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
mission	NN
in	IN
life	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
heal	VB
hearts	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
do	VB
it	PRP
alone	RB
:	:
I	PRP
need	VBP
the	DT
patients	NNS
honest	JJ
desire	NN
to	TO
become	VB
happier	JJR
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
will	MD
work	VB
with	IN
anyone	NN
,	,
from	IN
any	DT
background	NN
,	,
to	TO
help	VB
them	PRP
reach	VB
a	DT
happier	JJR
life	NN
.	.
Outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Recovery	NNP
,	,
Body	NNP
Image	NN
Issues	NNS
,	,
Weight	NNP
and	CC
Lifestyle	NNP
Management	NNP
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
general	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
and	CC
relationship	NN
concerns	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
also	RB
a	DT
certified	JJ
yoga	NN
instructor	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
psychotherapist	NN
with	IN
particular	JJ
expertise	NN
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
psychoanalytic	JJ
training	NN
,	,
the	DT
dance\/movement	JJ
therapy	NN
work	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
done	VBN
has	VBZ
helped	VBN
me	PRP
see	VB
the	DT
person	NN
as	IN
an	DT
intergrated	JJ
whole	NN
.	.
In	IN
our	PRP$
work	NN
together	RB
we	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
reconnect	VBP
to	TO
what	WP
you	PRP
really	RB
need	VBP
on	IN
an	DT
emotional	JJ
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
body	NN
level	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
know	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
my	PRP$
work	NN
and	CC
qualifications	NNS
please	VB
visit	NN
my	PRP$
website	NN
at	IN
the	DT
address	NN
below	IN
.	.
Dance	NNP
Movement	NNP
Therapy	NNP
is	VBZ
founded	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
princple	NN
that	WDT
movement	NN
reflects	VBZ
an	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
pattern	NN
of	IN
thinking	VBG
feeling	NN
and	CC
communicating	NN
.	.
Through	IN
acknowledging	VBG
and	CC
supporting	VBG
the	DT
client	NN
's	POS
movements	NNS
the	DT
therapist	NN
encourages	VBZ
development	NN
and	CC
integration	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
adaptive	JJ
movement	NN
patterns	NNS
together	RB
with	IN
the	DT
emotional	JJ
and	CC
relational	JJ
experiences	NNS
that	WDT
accompany	VBP
such	JJ
changes	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
thirty	CD
years	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
NHS	NNP
and	CC
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
specialising	VBG
in	IN
embodied	VBN
distress	NN
.	.
NHS	NNP
practice	NN
in	IN
Exeter	NNP
,	,
Devon	NNP
.	.
Private	JJ
practice	NN
in	IN
Exeter	NNP
and	CC
London	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
teach	VBP
and	CC
lecture	VBP
nationally	RB
and	CC
internationally	RB
.	.
Certified	NNP
Yoga	NNP
Teacher	NN
,	,
Licensed	VBN
Massage	NNP
Therapist	NNP
Group	NNP
or	CC
private	JJ
yoga	NN
classes	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
We	PRP
enhance	VBP
being	VBG
aware	JJ
of	IN
our	PRP$
true	JJ
nature	NN
,	,
goodness	NN
and	CC
greatness	NN
.	.
Yoga	NN
helps	VBZ
to	TO
reclaim	VB
your	PRP$
power	NN
.	.
It	PRP
calms	VBZ
your	PRP$
mind	NN
,	,
enhances	VBZ
your	PRP$
spirit	NN
,	,
and	CC
nurtures	VBZ
your	PRP$
body	NN
.	.
Joyce	NNP
Savitz	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
teaching	VBG
yoga	NN
since	IN
1990	CD
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
has	VBZ
been	VBN
providing	VBG
massage	NN
therapy	NN
since	IN
1984	CD
.	.
Massage	NN
therapy	NN
or	CC
private	JJ
yoga	NN
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
by	IN
appointment	NN
.	.
Group	NNP
classes	NNS
meet	VBP
9	CD
times	NNS
weekly	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
find	VB
the	DT
schedule	NN
by	IN
calling	VBG
249-1111	CD
extension	NN
2	CD
.	.
Certified	NNP
Massage	NNP
Therapist	NNP
specializing	VBG
in	IN
addiction	NN
recovery	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
Treatments	NNS
include	VBP
stress	NN
reduction	NN
,	,
relaxation	NN
,	,
deep	JJ
tissue	NN
and	CC
energy	NN
work	NN
modalities	NNS
.	.
Experience	NN
how	WRB
touch	NN
and	CC
bodywork	NN
can	MD
help	VB
aid	NN
recovery	NN
by	IN
integrating	VBG
the	DT
mind	NN
,	,
body	NN
and	CC
physical	JJ
being	NN
,	,
thus	RB
creating	VBG
a	DT
balance	NN
within	IN
.	.
The	DT
Walker	NNP
Wellness	NNP
Clinic	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
husband	NN
and	CC
wife	NN
owned	VBN
organization	NN
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
comprehensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
with	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
nervosa	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
stress	NN
and	CC
related	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Goal	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Walker	NNP
Wellness	NNP
Clinic	NNP
's	POS
multi-disciplinary	JJ
service	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
treatment	NN
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
psychological	JJ
and	CC
physiological	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
clients	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
highly	RB
skilled	JJ
and	CC
caring	VBG
staff	NN
represents	VBZ
the	DT
following	VBG
disciplines	NNS
:	:
Psychology	NN
Psychotherapy	NNP
Psychiatry	NNP
Nutrition	NNP
Therapy	NNP
Exercise	NNP
Physiology	NNP
Our	PRP$
mission	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
serve	VB
your	PRP$
healthcare	NN
and	CC
wellness	JJ
needs	NNS
by	IN
offering	VBG
you	PRP
superior	JJ
and	CC
quality	NN
patient	NN
care	NN
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
developed	VBN
clinical	JJ
and	CC
professional	JJ
services	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
educational	JJ
and	CC
promote	VB
mental	JJ
and	CC
physical	JJ
health	NN
that	WDT
fosters	VBZ
a	DT
happy	JJ
and	CC
healthy	JJ
lifestyle	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Tyson	NNP
is	VBZ
board	NN
certified	VBD
in	IN
adolescent	JJ
medicine	NN
and	CC
family	NN
practice	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
been	VBN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
females	NNS
and	CC
males	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
for	IN
over	IN
17	CD
years	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
find	VB
him	PRP
and	CC
his	PRP$
staff	NN
to	TO
be	VB
compassionate	JJ
,	,
understanding	NN
,	,
knowledgeable	JJ
,	,
and	CC
highly	RB
skilled	JJ
in	IN
their	PRP$
care	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Tyson	NNP
can	MD
address	VB
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
potential	JJ
medical	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
any	DT
complications	NNS
and	CC
medication	NN
,	,
and	CC
can	MD
coordinate	VB
care	NN
from	IN
all	DT
those	DT
involved	VBN
in	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
he	PRP
has	VBZ
over	IN
15	CD
years	NNS
training	NN
in	IN
psychotherapy	NN
and	CC
understands	VBZ
the	DT
psychodynamics	NNS
involved	VBN
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
can	MD
address	VB
those	DT
issues	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
licensed	JJ
therapists	NNS
with	IN
26	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
in	IN
treating	VBG
the	DT
range	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
staff	NN
members	NNS
are	VBP
certified	VBN
as	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Specialists	NNPS
and	CC
Approved	VBN
clinical	JJ
supervisors	NNS
By	IN
IADEP	NNP
.	.
Our	PRP$
resources	NNS
for	IN
treatment	NN
include	VBP
psychiatrists	NNS
,	,
dietitians	NNS
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
physicians	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
contact	NN
Dr.	NNP
Eliot	NNP
Erlichman	NNP
or	CC
Dr.	NNP
Roy	NNP
Erlichman	NNP
.	.
Our	PRP$
clinic	NN
offers	VBZ
a	DT
physician	NN
supervised	VBN
,	,
comprehensive	JJ
,	,
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
program	NN
for	IN
nutition	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
management	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
approach	NN
takes	VBZ
into	IN
account	NN
the	DT
complex	JJ
interactions	NNS
of	IN
genetics	NNS
,	,
behavioral	JJ
and	CC
environmental	JJ
factors	NNS
.	.
Obesity	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
multifaceted	JJ
problem	NN
,	,
and	CC
successful	JJ
,	,
long-term	JJ
results	NNS
require	VBP
an	DT
integrated	JJ
approach	NN
.	.
Specialist	NN
in	IN
ED	NNP
for	IN
26	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Individual	JJ
therapy	NN
--	:
family	NN
therapy	NN
--	:
in	IN
house	NN
nurse	NN
practitioner	NN
for	IN
meds	NNS
--	:
referrel	NN
to	TO
nutritionist	NN
specialist	NN
in	IN
ed	VBN
--	:
referrel	NN
to	TO
physicians	NNS
and	CC
psychiatrists	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
familiar	JJ
with	IN
ED	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
services	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
overweight	JJ
and	CC
obesity	NN
.	.
Services	NNPS
offered	VBD
include	VBP
:	:
traditional	JJ
weight	NN
loss	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
by	IN
registered	JJ
dietitians	NNS
,	,
psychological	JJ
counseling	NN
and	CC
groups	NNS
for	IN
those	DT
involved	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
weight	NN
loss	NN
program	NN
,	,
comprehensive	JJ
bariatric	JJ
surgery	NN
program	NN
,	,
and	CC
bariatric	JJ
surgery	NN
support	NN
groups	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
diabetes	NN
education	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
physican	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
a	DT
special	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
diagnosing	VBG
and	CC
treating	VBG
medical	JJ
problems	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
also	RB
a	DT
nutritionist	NN
associated	VBN
with	IN
our	PRP$
practice	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
experience	NN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
Research	NNP
Study	NNP
The	NNP
Neuroendocrine	NNP
Unit	NNP
of	IN
Massachusetts	NNP
General	NNP
Hospital	NNP
is	VBZ
conducting	VBG
research	NN
studies	NNS
on	IN
anorexia-induced	JJ
bone	NN
loss	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
screening	NN
study	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
aged	VBN
18-45	CD
who	WP
suffer	VBP
from	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
investigating	VBG
the	DT
prevalence	NN
and	CC
predictors	NNS
of	IN
osteopenia	NN
in	IN
the	DT
spine	NN
,	,
hip	NN
,	,
wrist	NN
and	CC
total	JJ
body	NN
.	.
The	DT
research	NN
study	NN
includes	VBZ
a	DT
bone	NN
density	NN
test	NN
,	,
hormonal	JJ
evaluation	NN
,	,
and	CC
nutritional	JJ
assessment	NN
at	IN
no	DT
cost	NN
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
involves	VBZ
one	CD
visit	NN
of	IN
approximately	RB
2.5	CD
hours	NNS
.	.
If	IN
interested	JJ
,	,
please	VB
call	NN
Kelly	NNP
at	IN
(617) 724-5784	CD
or	CC
email	VB
her	PRP$
at	IN
kgrieco@partners.org	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
treatment	NN
study	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
women	NNS
aged	VBN
18-50	CD
with	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
and	CC
absent	JJ
or	CC
irregular	JJ
menstrual	JJ
periods	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
investigating	VBG
the	DT
combined	VBN
use	NN
of	IN
a	DT
growth	NN
factor	NN
and	CC
a	DT
medication	NN
routinely	RB
used	VBN
to	TO
treat	VB
postmenopausal	JJ
osteoporosis	NN
as	IN
a	DT
novel	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
the	DT
bone	NN
loss	NN
seen	VBN
in	IN
women	NNS
with	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
.	.
The	DT
growth	NN
factor	NN
is	VBZ
natural	JJ
,	,
nutritionally	RB
regulated	VBN
,	,
and	CC
greatly	RB
reduced	VBN
in	IN
women	NNS
with	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
.	.
This	DT
growth	NN
factor	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
shown	VBN
to	TO
stimulate	VB
bone	NN
formation	NN
in	IN
previous	JJ
research	NN
studies	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
hope	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
these	DT
two	CD
medications	NNS
will	MD
help	VB
rebuild	VB
depleted	VBN
bone	NN
and	CC
prevent	VB
further	JJ
bone	NN
breakdown	NN
in	IN
women	NNS
with	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
.	.
The	DT
research	NN
study	NN
involves	VBZ
twelve	CD
months	NNS
of	IN
therapy	NN
for	IN
all	DT
subjects	NNS
.	.
The	DT
study	NN
is	VBZ
primarily	RB
outpatient	NN
and	CC
a	DT
stipend	NN
of	IN
up	RB
to	TO
$	$
600	CD
is	VBZ
awarded	VBN
upon	IN
completion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
study	NN
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
comprehensive	JJ
treatment	NN
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
and	CC
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
by	IN
board	NN
certified	VBD
psychiatrists	NNS
,	,
registered	VBN
dieticians	NNS
and	CC
therapists	NNS
,	,
with	IN
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
in	IN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
multidisiplinary	JJ
weight	NN
management	NN
treatment	NN
with	IN
emphasis	NN
on	IN
lifesyle	NN
modification	NN
and	CC
improved	VBD
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
Diets	NNS
are	VBP
discouraged	VBN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Pellerano	NNP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
medical	JJ
management	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
works	VBZ
closely	RB
with	IN
mental	JJ
health	NN
providers	NNS
,	,
physicians	NNS
and	CC
nutritionists	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
community	NN
,	,
other	JJ
states	NNS
and	CC
foreign	JJ
countries	NNS
.	.
As	IN
an	DT
Adolecent	NNP
and	CC
Young	NNP
Adult	NNP
Specialist	NNP
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Pellerano	NNP
treats	VBZ
patients	NNS
from	IN
12	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
age	NN
to	TO
those	DT
in	IN
their	PRP$
mid	JJ
twenties	NNS
.	.
University	NNP
of	IN
Minnesota	NNP
The	NNP
STAR	NNP
Center	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Services	NNP
for	IN
Teenagers	NNPS
At	IN
Risk	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
provides	VBZ
comprehensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
young	JJ
adults	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
weight	NN
management	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
dissatisfaction	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
concommitant	JJ
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
psychological	JJ
concerns	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
interdisciplinary	JJ
treatment	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
young	JJ
adults	NNS
all	DT
at	IN
one	CD
site	NN
,	,
including	VBG
individual	JJ
,	,
group	NN
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
nutrition	NN
,	,
and	CC
medical	JJ
support	NN
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
comprehensive	JJ
case	NN
management	NN
for	IN
difficult	JJ
cases	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
located	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
campus	NN
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Minnesota	NNP
.	.
Does	NNP
your	PRP$
eating	VBG
feel	VB
out	IN
of	IN
control	NN
?	.
Are	VBP
you	PRP
overweight	JJ
?	.
If	IN
so	RB
,	,
you	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
eligible	JJ
to	TO
take	VB
part	NN
in	IN
a	DT
treatment	NN
stud	NN
funded	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Institute	NNP
of	IN
Mental	NNP
Health	NNP
.	.
The	DT
study	NN
is	VBZ
investigating	VBG
three	CD
different	JJ
treatments	NNS
for	IN
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
.	.
The	DT
24-week	JJ
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
program	NN
for	IN
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
is	VBZ
being	VBG
conducted	VBN
by	IN
Washington	NNP
University	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
WU	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
St.	NNP
Louis	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
qualify	VB
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
research	NN
study	NN
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
overweight	JJ
and	CC
have	VB
a	DT
problem	NN
with	IN
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
fee	NN
for	IN
participating	VBG
,	,
and	CC
you	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
during	IN
follow-up	JJ
assessments	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
qualify	VBP
initially	RB
you	PRP
will	MD
receive	VB
a	DT
no-cost	JJ
health	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
will	MD
take	VB
place	NN
through	IN
the	DT
Weight	NNP
Management	NNP
and	CC
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Program	NNP
at	IN
WU	NNP
.	.
Psychologist	NN
and	CC
Dance\/Movement	NNP
Therapist	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
includes	VBZ
non-verbal	JJ
,	,
creative	JJ
methods	NNS
targeted	VBN
at	IN
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
provide	VBP
special	JJ
services	NNS
to	TO
parents	NNS
to	TO
support	VB
them	PRP
through	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
process	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Posner	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
board-certified	JJ
psychiatrist	NN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
with	IN
expertise	NN
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
highly	RB
supportive	JJ
and	CC
confidential	JJ
setting	NN
,	,
she	PRP
provides	VBZ
psychotherapy	NN
and	CC
medication	NN
managment	NN
as	IN
needed	VBN
.	.
Prior	RB
to	TO
practicing	VBG
in	IN
San	NNP
Diego	NNP
,	,
she	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
senior	JJ
psychiatrist	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Renfrew	NNP
Center	NNP
in	IN
New	NNP
York	NNP
City	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
works	VBZ
in	IN
collaboration	NN
with	IN
primary	JJ
care	NN
physicians	NNS
,	,
nutritionists	NNS
,	,
holistic	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
providers	NNS
and	CC
therapists	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
and	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
she	PRP
has	VBZ
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
treating	VBG
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
bipolar	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
obsessive-compulsive	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
panic	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
body	NN
dysmorphic	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
personality	NN
disorders	NNS
and	CC
trauma	NN
related	VBN
disorders	NNS
.	.
Licensed	VBN
Psychologist	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
#	#
PSY	NNP
20655	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Provides	VBZ
individual	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
to	TO
help	VB
client	NN
understand	VB
the	DT
role	NN
body	NN
image	NN
and\/or	CC
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
has	VBZ
with	IN
underlying	VBG
feelings	NNS
of	IN
anxiety	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
relationship	NN
concerns	NNS
,	,
intimacy	NN
concerns	NNS
,	,
trauma	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
other	JJ
personal	JJ
history	NN
and	CC
identity	NN
concerns	NNS
.	.
Therapy	NN
will	MD
explore	VB
the	DT
unique	JJ
history	NN
of	IN
each	DT
client	NN
;	:
ambivalence	NN
in	IN
`	``
letting	VBG
go	VB
'	''
of	IN
the	DT
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
;	:
and	CC
developing	VBG
productive	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
express	VB
underlying	VBG
feelings	NNS
and	CC
achieve	VB
self-acceptance	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
includes	VBZ
collaboration	NN
with	IN
psychiatrists	NNS
,	,
dietitians	NNS
,	,
and	CC
physicians	NNS
as	IN
indicated	VBN
.	.
Experience	NN
with	IN
adults	NNS
,	,
culturally	RB
diverse	JJ
populations	NNS
,	,
college	NN
students	NNS
,	,
and	CC
LGB-identified	JJ
clients	NNS
.	.
Evening	NN
appointments	NNS
only	RB
.	.
I	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
behavioral	JJ
addictions	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
anxiety	NN
and	CC
depression	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
warm	JJ
,	,
interactive	JJ
style	NN
and	CC
recognize	VB
we	PRP
all	DT
travel	VBP
our	PRP$
own	JJ
journeys	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
where	WRB
we	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
sit	VB
in	IN
judgment	NN
and	CC
offer	VB
a	DT
warm	JJ
,	,
supportive	JJ
environment	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
.	.
Please	VB
contact	NN
me	PRP
via	IN
phone	NN
or	CC
e-mail	NN
for	IN
additional	JJ
information	NN
or	CC
to	TO
set	VB
up	RP
an	DT
appointment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
look	VBP
forward	RB
to	TO
hearing	NN
from	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Stephanie	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
licensed	JJ
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
worked	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
women	NNS
's	POS
mental	JJ
health	NN
for	IN
approximately	RB
15	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Experience	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
Dialectical	NNP
Behavior	NNP
Therapy	NNP
,	,
both	DT
individual	JJ
and	CC
skills	NNS
groups	NNS
,	,
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
Depression	NNP
,	,
Anxiety	NN
and	CC
relationship	NN
distress	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
psychotherapist	NN
that	WDT
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
people	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
a	DT
psychodynamic	JJ
approach	NN
and	CC
work	NN
intensely	RB
with	IN
the	DT
patient	NN
to	TO
aid	NN
in	IN
the	DT
recovery	NN
process	NN
and	CC
help	NN
minimize	VB
symptoms	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
affiliated	VBN
with	IN
The	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Study	NN
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
in	IN
NYC	NNP
for	IN
2	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
work	NN
with	IN
patients	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
and	CC
stages	NNS
of	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
I	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
treating	VBG
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
,	,
binge-eating	NN
,	,
and	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
office	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
on	IN
9th	JJ
St.	NNP
between	IN
5th	JJ
and	CC
6th	JJ
Ave	NNP
in	IN
Manhattan	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
take	VBP
some	DT
insurance	NN
and	CC
offer	VB
a	DT
sliding	VBG
scale	NN
fee	NN
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
for	IN
a	DT
free	JJ
initial	JJ
consultation	NN
.	.
Greta	NNP
Angert	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
licensed	JJ
psychotherapist	NN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
healthy	JJ
living	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
worked	VBN
in	IN
several	JJ
outpatient	NN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
uses	VBZ
a	DT
holistic	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
help	VB
clients	NNS
understand	VB
and	CC
overcome	VB
their	PRP$
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
specialized	VBN
in	IN
treating	VBG
all	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
,	,
females	NNS
and	CC
males	NNS
,	,
for	IN
over	IN
20	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
individuals	NNS
and	CC
sometimes	RB
include	VBP
affected	JJ
family	NN
members	NNS
,	,
when	WRB
appropriate	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
is	VBZ
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
help	VBP
individuals	NNS
understand	VB
and	CC
change	VB
patterns	NNS
of	IN
thinking	NN
and	CC
behavior	NN
and	CC
find	VB
healthier	RBR
ways	NNS
of	IN
coping	VBG
with	IN
negative	JJ
feelings	NNS
about	IN
themselves	PRP
,	,
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
relationships	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
my	PRP$
experience	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
recover	VB
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
and	CC
reclaim	VB
a	DT
healthy	JJ
and	CC
normal	JJ
life	NN
.	.
Angela	NNP
R.	NNP
Wurtzel	NNP
provides	VBZ
individual	JJ
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
those	DT
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
self	NN
injury	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
shopping	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
expertise	NN
lies	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
emotional	JJ
development	NN
of	IN
each	DT
individual	JJ
she	PRP
works	VBZ
with	IN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Wurtzel	NNP
approaches	VBZ
these	DT
disorders	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
psychodynamic	JJ
framework	NN
and	CC
also	RB
incorporates	VBZ
dialectical	JJ
behavior	NN
therapy	NN
to	TO
move	VB
toward	IN
change	NN
.	.
``	``
So	RB
often	RB
times	NNS
it	PRP
happens	VBZ
that	IN
we	PRP
live	VBP
our	PRP$
lives	NNS
in	IN
chains	NNS
and	CC
we	PRP
never	RB
know	VBP
we	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
key	NN
''	''
--	:
The	DT
EaglesEach	NNP
client	NN
who	WP
comes	VBZ
to	TO
treatment	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
unique	JJ
human	NN
being	VBG
with	IN
unique	JJ
life	NN
experiences	NNS
.	.
Treatment	NNP
goals	NNS
are	VBP
individualized	JJ
and	CC
achieved	VBN
by	IN
assisting	VBG
clients	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
an	DT
awareness	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
own	JJ
dysfunctional	JJ
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
thought	VBD
patterns	NNS
.	.
The	DT
ultimate	JJ
goal	NN
with	IN
my	PRP$
practice	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
empower	VB
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
,	,
helping	VBG
them	PRP
make	VB
a	DT
leap	NN
of	IN
faith	NN
to	TO
try	VB
healthier	RBR
,	,
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
.	.
Successful	JJ
treatment	NN
means	VBZ
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
have	VBP
developed	VBN
a	DT
strong	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
self	NN
worth	NN
and	CC
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
regulate	VB
mood	NN
and	CC
feelings	NNS
without	IN
engaging	VBG
in	IN
self	NN
destructive	JJ
manners	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
therapeutic	JJ
style	NN
is	VBZ
gentle	JJ
and	CC
compassionate	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
strong	JJ
way	NN
,	,
while	IN
tempered	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
easy	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
humor	NN
.	.
I	PRP
invite	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
call	VB
my	PRP$
office	NN
today	NN
to	TO
schedule	VB
an	DT
assessment	NN
session	NN
.	.
Bring	VB
your	PRP$
commitment	NN
to	TO
work	VB
together	RB
,	,
a	DT
willingness	NN
to	TO
learn	VB
,	,
and	CC
you	PRP
can	MD
start	VB
to	TO
heal	VB
today	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
psychologist	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
a	DT
diverse	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
clients	NNS
from	IN
children	NNS
up	IN
through	IN
adulthood	NN
.	.
In	IN
particular	JJ
I	PRP
have	VBP
experience	NN
with	IN
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
mental	JJ
health	NN
concerns	NNS
and	CC
addictions	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
an	DT
area	NN
of	IN
particular	JJ
special	JJ
interest	NN
.	.
In	IN
therapy	NN
I	PRP
believe	VBP
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
build	VB
a	DT
trusting	JJ
environment	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
therapist	NN
and	CC
client	NN
can	MD
work	VB
collaboratively	RB
toward	IN
healing	NN
.	.
Specializing	VBG
for	IN
over	IN
35	CD
years	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
for	IN
children	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
is	VBZ
directed	VBN
towards	IN
females	NNS
and	CC
males	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
unique	JJ
cognitive	NN
and	CC
transitional	JJ
strategies	NNS
to	TO
achieve	VB
the	DT
ultimate	JJ
goal	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
;	:
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
incorporate	VBP
in	IN
my	PRP$
private	JJ
practive	JJ
individual	NN
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
the	DT
co-author	NN
of	IN
the	DT
book	NN
Dying	VBG
To	TO
Be	VB
Thin	NNP
.	.
Offices	NNS
are	VBP
located	VBN
in	IN
Manhattan	NNP
and	CC
Long	NNP
Island	NNP
.	.
This	DT
office	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
historic	JJ
downtown	NN
square	NN
in	IN
McKinney	NNP
,	,
Texas	NNP
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Amy	NNP
McCortney	NNP
offers	VBZ
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
counseling	NN
in	IN
recovery	NN
from	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
,	,
for	IN
women	NNS
ages	NNS
15	CD
and	CC
older	JJR
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Amy	NNP
McCortney	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Licensed	VBN
Professional	NNP
Counselor	NNP
Supervisor	NNP
in	IN
Texas	NNP
,	,
a	DT
Nationally	RB
Certified	VBN
Counselor	NNP
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
Lecturing	NNP
Professor	NNP
at	IN
UNT	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
national	JJ
presenter	NN
and	CC
author	NN
on	IN
eating	VBG
disorder-related	JJ
topics	NNS
and	CC
wellness	NN
.	.
She	PRP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
recovery	NN
,	,
trauma	NN
recovery	NN
,	,
and	CC
biofeedback	NN
for	IN
stress	NN
management	NN
.	.
Therapy	NN
is	VBZ
offered	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
warm	JJ
,	,
accepting	VBG
,	,
and	CC
encouraging	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
non-abstinence	JJ
model	NN
of	IN
recovery	NN
,	,
meaning	VBG
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
learn	VB
and	CC
grow	VB
at	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
pace	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
looking	VBG
for	IN
an	DT
experienced	JJ
specialist	NN
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
recovery	NN
for	IN
yourself	PRP
or	CC
for	IN
a	DT
loved	VBN
one	CD
,	,
please	VB
call	NN
today	NN
.	.
I	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
helping	VBG
individuals	NNS
gain	VB
a	DT
greater	JJR
sense	NN
of	IN
control	NN
over	IN
eating	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
,	,
and	CC
emotional	JJ
over-eating	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
factors	NNS
involved	VBN
in	IN
eating	VBG
problems	NNS
.	.
By	IN
providing	VBG
a	DT
safe	JJ
enviornment	NN
,	,
I	PRP
help	VBP
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
to	TO
look	VB
at	IN
the	DT
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
thouhgts	NNS
,	,
feelings	NNS
and	CC
behaviors	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
resulted	VBN
in	IN
difficulty	NN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
food	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
and	CC
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
help	VBP
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
learn	VBP
healthy	JJ
coping	VBG
strategies	NNS
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
stress	NN
and	CC
life	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
gain	VB
a	DT
healthy	JJ
self-image	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
an	DT
experienced	JJ
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
related	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
is	VBZ
empathic	JJ
and	CC
supportive	JJ
and	CC
integrates	VBZ
psychodynamic	JJ
and	CC
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
techniques	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
identify	VB
triggers	VBZ
,	,
learn	VB
new	JJ
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
,	,
and	CC
gain	NN
insight	NN
into	IN
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
staff	NN
psychologist	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Renfrew	NNP
Center	NNP
of	IN
NY	NNP
,	,
and	CC
have	VBP
provided	VBN
treatment	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
at	IN
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
collaborate	VBP
with	IN
nutritionists	NNS
,	,
psychiatrists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
physicians	NNS
as	IN
needed	VBN
.	.
Psychiatrist	NN
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
psychiatrist	NN
who	WP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
and	CC
insight-oriented	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
and	CC
medication	NN
management	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
UCLA	NNP
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
program	NN
before	IN
working	VBG
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
In	IN
psychotherapy	NN
much	JJ
depends	VBZ
upon	IN
the	DT
rapport	NN
.	.
You	PRP
must	MD
feel	VB
comfortable	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
therapist	NN
and	CC
hopeful	JJ
about	IN
the	DT
therapy	NN
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
feel	VBP
this	DT
way	NN
,	,
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
more	RBR
likely	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
helpful	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
practicing	VBG
clinical	JJ
psychology	NN
since	IN
1977	CD
.	.
I	PRP
focus	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
interplay	NN
between	IN
our	PRP$
internal	JJ
world	NN
and	CC
our	PRP$
relations	NNS
with	IN
others	NNS
.	.
Not	RB
restricted	VBN
to	TO
one	CD
approach	NN
,	,
I	PRP
integrate	VBP
a	DT
range	NN
of	IN
useful	JJ
change	NN
strategies	NNS
including	VBG
interpersonal	JJ
and	CC
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
.	.
Psychotherapy	NNP
is	VBZ
both	DT
an	DT
educational	JJ
process	NN
and	CC
an	DT
interpersonal	JJ
process	NN
.	.
Each	DT
person	NN
's	POS
experience	NN
is	VBZ
unique	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
special	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
relationship	NN
disturbances	NNS
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
and	CC
stress	NN
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
to	TO
those	DT
seeking	VBG
help	NN
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
life	NN
struggles	VBZ
such	JJ
as	IN
depression	NN
and	CC
anxiety	NN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
a	DT
safe	JJ
environment	NN
to	TO
help	VB
clients	NNS
to	TO
explore	VB
,	,
better	JJR
understand	VB
and	CC
set	VB
goals	NNS
for	IN
themselves	PRP
and	CC
the	DT
treatment	NN
process	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
clients	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
curious	JJ
and	CC
compassionate	JJ
with	IN
themselves	PRP
and	CC
make	VB
the	DT
changes	NNS
needed	VBD
to	TO
lead	VB
to	TO
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
to	TO
help	VB
create	VB
an	DT
environment	NN
that	WDT
fosters	VBZ
growth	NN
and	CC
insight	NN
for	IN
each	DT
unique	JJ
person	NN
.	.
Having	VBG
recovered	VBN
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
myself	PRP
,	,
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
key	JJ
component	NN
for	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
every	DT
person	NN
deserves	VBZ
to	TO
recover	VB
and	CC
has	VBZ
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
.	.
Lastly	RB
,	,
I	PRP
think	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
`	``
fit	NN
'	''
with	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
important	JJ
factor	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
feel	VB
comfortable	JJ
and	CC
safe	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
therapist	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
chosen	VBN
.	.
Please	VB
feel	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
call	VB
and	CC
ask	VB
questions	NNS
that	WDT
would	MD
help	VB
to	TO
determine	VB
if	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
the	DT
right	JJ
therapist	NN
`	``
fit	NN
'	''
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Spomer	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
licensed	JJ
Clinical	NNP
Psychologist	NNP
who	WP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
older	JJR
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
works	VBZ
closely	RB
with	IN
parents	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
of	IN
those	DT
suffering	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
providing	VBG
psychoeducation	NN
and	CC
therapy	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Spomer	NNP
's	POS
treatment	NN
approach	NN
is	VBZ
integrative	JJ
with	IN
a	DT
strong	JJ
focus	NN
on	IN
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
and	CC
psychodynamic	JJ
therapy	NN
;	:
through	IN
this	DT
approach	NN
,	,
both	CC
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
the	DT
factors	NNS
that	WDT
maintain	VBP
them	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
adequately	RB
addressed	VBN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Spomer	NNP
also	RB
has	VBZ
skills	NNS
in	IN
Dialectical	NNP
Behavior	NNP
Therapy	NNP
which	WDT
she	PRP
has	VBZ
found	VBN
quite	RB
useful	JJ
in	IN
helping	VBG
those	DT
she	PRP
works	VBZ
with	IN
to	TO
manage	VB
the	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
feelings	NNS
that	WDT
often	RB
surface	VBP
as	IN
people	NNS
make	VBP
their	PRP$
way	NN
toward	IN
recovery	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Spomer	NNP
was	VBD
previously	RB
a	DT
psychologist	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Klarman	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Center	NNP
at	IN
McLean	NNP
Hospital\/Harvard	NNP
Medical	NNP
School	NNP
where	WRB
she	PRP
provided	VBD
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
to	TO
girls\/young	JJ
women	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
residential	JJ
and	CC
partial	JJ
hospital	NN
setting	NN
.	.
Currently	RB
,	,
she	PRP
provides	VBZ
outpatient	NN
therapy	NN
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
staff	NN
at	IN
Newton-Wellesley	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Brookline	NNP
and	CC
Newton	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
is	VBZ
now	RB
welcoming	VBG
referrals	NNS
to	TO
her	PRP$
private	JJ
practice	NN
in	IN
Arlington	NNP
,	,
MA	NNP
.	.
Psychologist	NN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Eerkens	NNP
treats	VBZ
a	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
problems	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
eating	VBG
concerns	NNS
and	CC
body	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
nervosa	NN
,	,
and	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
works	VBZ
with	IN
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
relationship	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Eerkens	NNP
practices	NNS
psychotherapy	NN
with	IN
adults	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
couples	NNS
in	IN
San	NNP
Rafael	NNP
.	.
Mollie	NNP
Coughlin	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
licensed	JJ
MFT	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
Certified	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Specialist	NNP
,	,
and	CC
has	VBZ
devoted	VBN
her	PRP$
career	NN
to	TO
providing	VBG
comprehensive	JJ
supportive	JJ
care	NN
&	CC
recovery	NN
to	TO
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
various	JJ
forms	NNS
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
Mollie	NNP
understands	VBZ
the	DT
stuggle	NN
of	IN
living	VBG
with	IN
unhealthy	JJ
eating	NN
patterns	NNS
and	CC
how	WRB
this	DT
affects	VBZ
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
daily	JJ
living	NN
.	.
She	PRP
feels	VBZ
passionate	JJ
about	IN
restoring	VBG
quality	NN
of	IN
life	NN
and	CC
freedom	NN
from	IN
ED	JJ
obsessions	NNS
to	TO
those	DT
that	IN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
the	DT
honor	NN
of	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
on	IN
their	PRP$
journey	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
.	.
Mollie	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
highly	RB
skilled	JJ
and	CC
compassionate	JJ
clinician	NN
who	WP
enjoys	VBZ
working	VBG
with	IN
individuals	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
male	JJ
&	CC
female	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
and	CC
families	NNS
in	IN
treating	VBG
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
stress	NN
management	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Mollie	NNP
feels	VBZ
extremely	RB
passionate	JJ
about	IN
decreasing	VBG
the	DT
high	JJ
incidence	NN
of	IN
these	DT
disorders	NNS
in	IN
our	PRP$
society	NN
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
the	DT
accompanying	VBG
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
negative	JJ
body	NN
image	NN
,	,
through	IN
prevention	NN
,	,
early	RB
detection	NN
and	CC
quality	NN
treatments	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
her	PRP$
clinical	JJ
work	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
private	JJ
practice	NN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
volunteered	VBN
much	RB
of	IN
her	PRP$
time	NN
to	TO
educating	VBG
students	NNS
,	,
coaches	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
and	CC
teachers	NNS
throughout	IN
San	NNP
Diego	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
Districts	NNPS
on	IN
the	DT
dangers	NNS
of	IN
fad	NN
dieting	NN
&	CC
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
improving	VBG
body	NN
image	NN
and	CC
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
awareness	NN
.	.
Mollie	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
California	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Marriage	NNP
&	CC
Family	NNP
Therapists	NNPS
-LRB-	-LRB-
CAMFT	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Professionals	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
IAEDP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Specializing	VBG
in	IN
couples	NNS
and	CC
relationship	NN
counselling	NN
with	IN
over	IN
25	CD
years	NNS
service	NN
.	.
Pacific	NNP
Northwest	NNP
center	NN
for	IN
the	DT
wozrld	JJ
renown	NN
PAIRS	NNS
program	NN
,	,
teaching	NN
couples	NNS
the	DT
Practical	NNP
Application	NNP
of	IN
Intimate	NNP
Relationship	NNP
Skills	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
psychologist	NN
who	WP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
college	NN
students	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
women	NNS
,	,
artists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
mothers	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
primary	JJ
focus	NN
is	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
relationships	NNS
between	IN
mothers	NNS
and	CC
daughters	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
New	NNP
Jersey	NNP
licensed	VBD
clinical	JJ
social	JJ
worker	NN
,	,
specializing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eaing	VBG
disorders	NNS
including	VBG
;	:
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
and	CC
early	JJ
onset	NN
of	IN
behaviors	NNS
that	WDT
could	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Therapy	NN
would	MD
involve	VB
treatment	NN
of	IN
underlying	VBG
psychological	JJ
and	CC
interpersonal	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
clinical	JJ
approach	NN
uses	VBZ
many	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
therapeutic	JJ
techniques	NNS
including	VBG
cognitive\/behavioral	JJ
,	,
insight	NN
,	,
solution	NN
focused	VBD
and	CC
hypnosis	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
experience	NN
working	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
setting	VBG
gives	VBZ
me	PRP
the	DT
knowledge	NN
to	TO
assess	VB
and	CC
guide	VB
clients	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
treatment	NN
level	NN
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
a	DT
collaborative	NN
,	,
multi-disciplinary	JJ
approach	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
providers	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
comprehensive	JJ
care	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Gunderson	NNP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
adults	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
currently	RB
the	DT
director	NN
of	IN
Laurel	NNP
Hill	NNP
Inn	NNP
's	POS
Evening	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Program	NNP
in	IN
Sommerville	NNP
,	,
Massachusetts	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
accepting	VBG
referrals	NNS
to	TO
her	PRP$
private	JJ
practice	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
also	RB
in	IN
Sommerville	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
therapist	NN
providing	VBG
individual	JJ
and	CC
couple	NN
's	POS
counseling	NN
to	TO
men	NNS
,	,
women	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
who	WP
struggle	VBP
with	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
overeating	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
issues	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
food	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
in	IN
providing	VBG
clients	NNS
a	DT
place	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
can	MD
feel	VB
safe	JJ
to	TO
explore	VB
the	DT
issues	NNS
underlying	VBG
their	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
family	NN
therapist	NN
providing	VBG
individual	NN
,	,
couple	NN
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
with	IN
expertise	NN
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
spent	VBD
nine	CD
years	NNS
as	IN
the	DT
Family	NNP
Therapy	NNP
Consultant	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
,	,
in	IN
Towson	NNP
,	,
Maryland	NNP
,	,
where	WRB
I	PRP
provided	VBD
family	NN
therapy	NN
training	NN
and	CC
supervision	NN
.	.
Family	NNP
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
often	RB
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
choice	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
care	NN
of	IN
an	DT
adolescent	JJ
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
Disorder	NN
.	.
Family	NNP
involvement	NN
and	CC
family	NN
education	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
critical	JJ
component	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
an	DT
adjunct	JJ
faculty	NN
member	NN
for	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Maryland	NNP
's	POS
School	NNP
of	IN
Social	NNP
work	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
teach	VBP
courses	NNS
in	IN
Family	NNP
Therapy	NNP
.	.
In	IN
my	PRP$
experience	NN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
I	PRP
have	VBP
also	RB
worked	VBN
with	IN
addictions	NNS
,	,
developmental	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
trauma	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
depression	NN
.	.
I	PRP
'm	VBP
specialized	VBN
in	IN
body	NN
image	NN
and	CC
women	NNS
's	POS
issues	NNS
.	.
Besides	IN
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
,	,
I	PRP
also	RB
enjoy	VBP
group	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
teaching	NN
,	,
training	NN
,	,
and	CC
speaking	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
mobile	JJ
and	CC
can	MD
meet	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
in	IN
your	PRP$
home	NN
.	.
Psychotherapy	NNP
for	IN
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
and	CC
groups	NNS
.	.
Specialties	NNS
include	VBP
eating	VBG
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
addictions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
workplace	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Psychodynamic	NNP
and	CC
cognitive\/behavioral	JJ
approaches	NNS
used	VBN
to	TO
identify	VB
underlying	VBG
psychological	JJ
issues	NNS
and	CC
symptom	NN
reduction	NN
.	.
Collaboration	NN
and	CC
referral	NN
to	TO
nutritionists	NNS
,	,
eastern	JJ
and	CC
western	JJ
medical	JJ
doctors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
psychopharmacologists	NNS
as	IN
needed	VBN
.	.
Convenient	JJ
mid-town	JJ
Manhattan	NNP
location	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
clinical	JJ
social	JJ
worker	NN
with	IN
22	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
.	.
I	PRP
see	VBP
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
in	IN
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
beginning	VBG
support	NN
groups	NNS
and	CC
treatment	NN
groups	NNS
very	RB
soon	RB
.	.
My	PRP$
way	NN
of	IN
doing	VBG
therpay	NN
combines	VBZ
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
humor	NN
with	IN
a	DT
caring	NN
and	CC
compassionate	JJ
approach	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
use	VB
any	DT
treatment	NN
formula	NN
,	,
since	IN
everyone	NN
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
is	VBZ
special	JJ
and	CC
has	VBZ
their	PRP$
own	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
office	NN
is	VBZ
private	JJ
,	,
comfortable	JJ
and	CC
conveniently	RB
located	VBN
near	IN
the	DT
College	NNP
of	IN
Staten	NNP
Island	NNP
.	.
La	NNP
Que	NNP
Sabe	NNP
provides	VBZ
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
a	DT
unique	JJ
program	NN
to	TO
alleviate	VB
problem	NN
eating	VBG
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
obsessions	NNS
.	.
La	NNP
Que	NNP
Sabe	NNP
provides	VBZ
systemic	JJ
intervention	NN
through	IN
stabilization	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NN
behaviors	NNS
,	,
collaborative	JJ
medical	JJ
intervention	NN
,	,
and	CC
resolution	NN
of	IN
the	DT
underlying	VBG
etiology	NN
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
Intensive	NNP
Outpatient	NNP
,	,
On-going	JJ
groups	NNS
,	,
and	CC
Individual	NNP
and	CC
Family	NNP
Therapy	NNP
.	.
Private	JJ
practice	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
with	IN
over	IN
15	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
.	.
Provide	VB
individual	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
to	TO
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
all	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
and	CC
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Offer	NN
a	DT
gentle	JJ
and	CC
collaborative	JJ
approach	NN
.	.
Use	NNP
both	DT
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
techniques	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
clients	NNS
manage	VB
symptoms	NNS
and	CC
psychodynamic	JJ
approaches	NNS
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
underlying	VBG
causes	NNS
.	.
Diane	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
working	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
for	IN
over	IN
20	CD
years	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
works	VBZ
with	IN
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
and	CC
encourages	VBZ
a	DT
team	NN
approach	NN
with	IN
medical	JJ
professionals	NNS
and	CC
nutritionists	NNS
as	IN
appropriate	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
works	VBZ
with	IN
adult	NN
survivors	NNS
of	IN
childhood	NN
trauma	NN
and	CC
enjoys	VBZ
helping	VBG
clients	NNS
utilize	VB
their	PRP$
survival	NN
skills	NNS
in	IN
healthy	JJ
ways	NNS
.	.
Welcome	UH
to	TO
Wasatch	NNP
Family	NNP
Therapy	NNP
!	.
I	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
resolve	VB
self-esteem	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
relationship	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
and	CC
self-defeating	JJ
behaviors	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
particularly	RB
passionate	JJ
about	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
young	JJ
adult	NN
women	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
mood	NN
disorders	NNS
,	,
postpartum	NN
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
relationship	NN
problems	NNS
,	,
and	CC
past	JJ
abuse	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
insurances	NNS
accepted	VBN
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
self-pay	JJ
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
for	IN
fee	NN
information	NN
.	.
Currently	RB
accepting	VBG
new	JJ
clients	NNS
.	.
Single	JJ
session	NN
consultations	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
for	IN
professional	JJ
advice	NN
on	IN
a	DT
specific	JJ
issues	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
longer-term	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
Please	VB
feel	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
call	VB
me	PRP
with	IN
any	DT
questions	NNS
.	.
Individual	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
with	IN
a	DT
specialty	NN
in	IN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Integrative	JJ
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
approach	NN
.	.
Unique	JJ
multidisciplinary	JJ
``	``
Comprehensive	NNP
Group	NNP
Program	NNP
''	''
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
therapeutic	JJ
groups	NNS
,	,
nutrition	NN
education	NN
,	,
and	CC
meal	NN
outings	NNS
.	.
Advanced	NNP
Recovery	NNP
Group	NNP
also	RB
offered	VBD
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
have	VBP
had	VBN
significant	JJ
treatment	NN
in	IN
the	DT
past	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
twelve-step	JJ
group	NN
patterned	VBN
after	IN
the	DT
Alchoholics	NNP
Anonymous	NNP
organization	NN
.	.
The	DT
difference	NN
however	RB
is	VBZ
that	IN
instead	RB
of	IN
focusing	VBG
on	IN
abstinence	NN
as	IN
AA	NNP
and	CC
OA	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Overeaters	NNP
Anonymous	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
do	VBP
,	,
this	DT
group	NN
and	CC
EDA	NNP
in	IN
general	JJ
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
finding	VBG
balance	NN
in	IN
life	NN
and	CC
reaching	VBG
milestones	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
journey	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
.	.
Anyone	NN
is	VBZ
welcome	JJ
to	TO
join	VB
as	RB
long	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
or	CC
issues	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
want	VB
to	TO
recover	VB
.	.
Parents	NNS
may	MD
bring	VB
preschool	JJ
aged	VBN
and	CC
under	IN
children	NNS
if	IN
childcare	NN
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
found	VBN
.	.
Teenagers	NNS
16	CD
and	CC
above	RB
are	VBP
also	RB
welcome	JJ
to	TO
join	VB
as	IN
we	PRP
realize	VBP
many	JJ
teenagers	NNS
also	RB
are	VBP
in	IN
dire	JJ
need	NN
of	IN
a	DT
supportive	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
some	DT
legal	JJ
clauses	NNS
with	IN
minors	NNS
,	,
but	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
let	VB
this	DT
stop	NN
you	PRP
from	IN
joining	VBG
our	PRP$
group	NN
and	CC
finding	VBG
a	DT
supportive	JJ
place	NN
to	TO
share	VB
and	CC
work	VB
through	IN
your	PRP$
feelings	NNS
.	.
Like	IN
other	JJ
recovery	NN
oriented	VBN
places	NNS
,	,
a	DT
focus	NN
on	IN
weight	NN
,	,
exercise	NN
,	,
and	CC
numbers	NNS
is	VBZ
not	RB
permitted	VBN
.	.
These	DT
only	JJ
cause	NN
the	DT
obsessions	NNS
and	CC
body	NN
issues	NNS
to	TO
become	VB
stronger	JJR
and	CC
can	MD
cause	VB
competitiveness	NN
between	IN
members	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
ready	JJ
to	TO
meet	VB
others	NNS
who	WP
can	MD
cheer	VB
you	PRP
on	IN
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
tired	VBN
of	IN
struggling	VBG
alone	RB
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
find	VB
your	PRP$
personal	JJ
recovery	NN
please	VB
join	VB
us	PRP
.	.
Contact	NN
information	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
below	RB
.	.
Started	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
project	NN
to	TO
support	VB
the	DT
writing	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
book	NN
,	,
this	DT
group	NN
has	VBZ
grown	VBN
by	IN
leaps	NNS
to	TO
become	VB
a	DT
very	RB
powerful	JJ
recovery	NN
tool	NN
for	IN
its	PRP$
members	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
name	NN
is	VBZ
Patricia	NNP
Zirin	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
57	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
MA	NNP
in	IN
Spiritual	NNP
Psychology	NNP
from	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Santa	NNP
Monica	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
an	DT
ordained	VBN
minister	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
been	VBN
since	IN
1985	CD
.	.
My	PRP$
church	NN
website	NN
is	VBZ
:	:
www.msia.org	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
working	VBG
on	IN
a	DT
book	NN
about	IN
my	PRP$
personal	JJ
experience	NN
with	IN
bulimia	NN
and	CC
this	DT
group	NN
is	VBZ
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
willing	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
this	DT
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
could	MD
conquer	VB
this	DT
horrible	JJ
monster	NN
of	IN
a	DT
disease	NN
,	,
anyone	NN
can	MD
and	CC
to	TO
that	DT
end	NN
,	,
I	PRP
find	VBP
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
time	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
``	``
come	VB
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
closet	NN
''	''
with	IN
my	PRP$
story	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
healing	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
profoundly	RB
active	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
5-7	CD
times	NNS
per	IN
day	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
bulimic	JJ
for	IN
over	IN
5	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
by	IN
applying	VBG
techniques	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
learned	VBD
in	IN
my	PRP$
pastoral	NN
and	CC
psychological	JJ
studies	NNS
I	PRP
was	VBD
able	JJ
to	TO
stop	VB
the	DT
behavior	NN
.	.
This	DT
group	NN
started	VBD
out	RP
with	IN
me	PRP
looking	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
people	NNS
who	WP
were	VBD
willing	JJ
to	TO
share	VB
on	IN
very	RB
deep	JJ
and	CC
intimate	JJ
levels	NNS
about	IN
their	PRP$
experience	NN
who	WP
:1	CD
.	.
are	VBP
sick	JJ
and	CC
tired	JJ
of	IN
being	VBG
sick	JJ
and	CC
tired2	JJ
.	.
are	VBP
willing	JJ
to	TO
do	VB
whatever	WDT
it	PRP
takes3	JJ
.	.
who	WP
are	VBP
courageous4	CD
.	.
who	WP
are	VBP
seriously	RB
interested	JJ
in	IN
recovery5	CD
.	.
who	WP
are	VBP
willing	JJ
to	TO
do	VB
the	DT
work	NN
,	,
whatever	WDT
it	PRP
is6	FW
.	.
who	WP
are	VBP
willing	JJ
to	TO
keep	VB
me	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
loop	NN
on	IN
how	WRB
the	DT
work	NN
is	VBZ
going7	CD
.	.
who	WP
are	VBP
connected	VBN
to	TO
Spirit	NNP
or	CC
God	NNP
or	CC
a	DT
Higher	JJR
PowerWhat	NNP
it	PRP
has	VBZ
become	VBN
is	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
interesting	JJ
,	,
loving	JJ
and	CC
moving	VBG
account	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
winning	VBG
in	IN
this	DT
challenge	NN
to	TO
overcome	VB
the	DT
demons	NNS
they	PRP
face	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
battle	NN
against	IN
EDs	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
available	JJ
for	IN
individual	JJ
pastoral	JJ
conseling	NN
by	IN
phone	NN
for	IN
fee	NN
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
ICCT	NNP
is	VBZ
offering	VBG
a	DT
weekly	JJ
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Recovery	NNP
Group	NNP
at	IN
our	PRP$
center	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
now	RB
a	DT
recovered	VBN
anorexic\/bulimic	NN
and	CC
am	VBP
using	VBG
tools	NNS
I	PRP
found	VBD
helpful	JJ
in	IN
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
to	TO
facilitate	VB
the	DT
recovery	NN
of	IN
others	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
any	DT
type	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
.	.
Feel	NNP
free	JJ
to	TO
call	VB
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
.	.
Aberdeen	NNP
ABC	NNP
support	NN
group	NN
offers	VBZ
help	NN
to	TO
those	DT
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
and	CC
to	TO
those	DT
who	WP
care	VBP
for	IN
them	PRP
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
group	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
mutual	JJ
support	NN
and	CC
encouragement	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
run	VBN
by	IN
fully	RB
recovered	VBN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
sufferers	NNS
.	.
Support	NN
group	NN
and	CC
information	NN
packets	NNS
mailed	VBN
out	RP
to	TO
who	WP
ever	RB
calls	VBZ
and	CC
would	MD
like	VB
more	JJR
information	NN
.	.
Several	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
packets	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
friends	NNS
and	CC
people	NNS
who	WP
just	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
learn	VB
about	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
All	DT
group	NN
meetings	NNS
and	CC
mailings	NNS
and	CC
workbooks	NNS
are	VBP
free	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
clients	NNS
.	.
Weekly	NNP
peer	VB
support	NN
group	NN
every	DT
Wednesday	NNP
evening	NN
at	IN
7pm	CD
until	IN
9pm	CD
at	IN
the	DT
Our	PRP$
Saviours	NNP
Lutheran	NNP
Church	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
190	CD
Massey	NNP
Road	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Our	PRP$
group	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
safe	JJ
,	,
comfortable	JJ
environment	NN
for	IN
people	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
recovery	NN
process	NN
to	TO
share	VB
and	CC
express	VB
thier	JJR
feelings	NNS
where	WRB
they	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
judged	VBN
.	.
Led	VBN
by	IN
:	:
Licensed	VBN
Clinical	JJ
TherapistHelp	NNP
in	IN
overcoming	VBG
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
or	CC
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
No	DT
charge	NN
.	.
Every	DT
Monday	NNP
evening	NN
at	IN
6	CD
p.m.	RB
,	,
in	IN
main	JJ
conference	NN
room	NN
of	IN
Lake	NNP
Mead	NNP
Hospital	NNP
.	.
Led	VBN
by	IN
experienced	JJ
therapist	NN
.	.
Abigail	NNP
Natenshon	NNP
,	,
MA	NNP
,	,
LCSW	NNP
,	,
psychotherapist	NN
,	,
author	NN
,	,
nationally	RB
renowned	JJ
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
expert	NN
,	,
and	CC
Guild	NNP
Certified	NNP
Feldenkrais	NNP
Practitioner	NNP
,	,
will	MD
facilitate	VB
a	DT
unique	JJ
new	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
support	NN
group	NN
experience	NN
for	IN
adults	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
body	NN
image	NN
disturbances	NNS
.	.
Beginning	VBG
in	IN
November	NNP
,	,
group	NN
sessions	NNS
will	MD
take	VB
place	NN
in	IN
Highland	NNP
Park	NNP
,	,
Illinois	NNP
,	,
weeknights	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
12	CD
sessions	NNS
.	.
Offering	VBG
a	DT
unique	JJ
opportunity	NN
to	TO
heal	VB
through	IN
combining	VBG
traditional	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
psychodynamic	JJ
,	,
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
treatment	NN
techniques	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
novel	JJ
new	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
self-awareness	NN
and	CC
learning	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
The	DT
Feldenkrais	NNP
Method	NNP
,	,
Awareness	NNP
Thgrough	NNP
Movement	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
each	DT
psychotherapy\/support	NN
group	NN
experience	NN
will	MD
be	VB
preceded	VBN
by	IN
one	CD
half	NN
hour	NN
of	IN
Feldenkrais	NNP
body	NN
movement	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
just	RB
diseases	NNS
of	IN
childhood	NN
.	.
Contrary	JJ
to	TO
popular	JJ
belief	NN
,	,
people	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
grow	VB
out	IN
of	IN
these	DT
disorders	NNS
simply	RB
because	IN
they	PRP
grow	VBP
up	RP
.	.
When	WRB
people	NNS
bring	VBP
unresolved	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
to	TO
their	PRP$
adult	NN
years	NNS
,	,
their	PRP$
functioning	NN
becomes	VBZ
compromised	VBN
in	IN
all	DT
of	IN
their	PRP$
life	NN
roles	NNS
.	.
Group	NNP
members	NNS
will	MD
experience	VB
relief	NN
,	,
optimism	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
community	NN
through	IN
sharing	VBG
life	NN
experiences	NNS
with	IN
others	NNS
like	VBP
themselves	PRP
,	,
address	NN
feelings	NNS
that	WDT
emerge	VBP
through	IN
the	DT
here-and-now	JJ
dynamics	NNS
of	IN
group	NN
process	NN
,	,
and	CC
become	VB
more	RBR
personally	RB
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
experience	NN
of	IN
living	VBG
inside	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
body	NN
.	.
This	DT
group	NN
will	MD
meet	VB
evenings	NNS
in	IN
Highland	NNP
Park	NNP
,	,
Illinois	NNP
from	IN
7:00	CD
PM	NNP
to	TO
8:30	CD
PM	NNP
.	.
Fee	NN
per	IN
session	NN
will	MD
be	VB
$	$
100	CD
.	.
``	``
A	DT
space	NN
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
voice	VB
thoughts	NNS
,	,
concerns	NNS
,	,
fears	NNS
and	CC
anxieties	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
to	TO
share	VB
successes	NNS
,	,
about	IN
your	PRP$
experience	NN
with	IN
eating	VBG
problems	NNS
.	.
''	''
A	DT
free	JJ
,	,
peer-facilitated	JJ
support	NN
group	NN
developed	VBD
for	IN
women	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
Bulimarexia	NNP
,	,
and\/or	CC
other	JJ
issues	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
or	CC
body	NN
image	NN
.	.
Sponsored	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
for	IN
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
and	CC
Associated	NNP
Disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
ANAD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
Meets	VBZ
the	DT
2nd	JJ
and	CC
4th	JJ
Fridays	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
from	IN
6-7	CD
:30	CD
p.m.	NN
on	IN
the	DT
near-west	JJ
side	NN
of	IN
Madison	NNP
.	.
Please	VB
email	VB
me	PRP
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
for	IN
directions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
support	NN
group	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
decided	VBN
to	TO
start	VB
a	DT
support	NN
group	NN
for	IN
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
any	DT
type	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
:	:
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
binge-eating	JJ
disorder	NN
because	IN
in	IN
my	PRP$
own	JJ
search	NN
for	IN
recovery	NN
tools	NNS
have	VBP
found	VBN
that	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
very	RB
few	JJ
resources	NNS
available	JJ
for	IN
those	DT
in	IN
this	DT
area	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
have	VB
a	DT
degree	NN
in	IN
Psychology	NNP
and	CC
Social	NNP
Work	NNP
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
support	NN
group	NN
is	VBZ
peer	VB
based	VBN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
charge	NN
for	IN
the	DT
support	NN
group	NN
.	.
When	WRB
diets	NNS
and	CC
programs	NNS
have	VBP
failed	VBN
again	RB
and	CC
again	RB
,	,
Food	NNP
Addicts	NNP
Anonymous	NNP
provides	VBZ
hope	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
fellowship	NN
of	IN
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
willing	JJ
to	TO
recover	VB
.	.
We	PRP
view	VBP
food	NN
addiction	NN
as	IN
a	DT
biochemical	JJ
disease	NN
and	CC
have	VB
a	DT
plan	NN
of	IN
action	NN
that	WDT
works	VBZ
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
ready	JJ
to	TO
leave	VB
despair	NN
behind	IN
.	.
Groups	NNS
meet	VBP
throughout	IN
the	DT
week	NN
in	IN
Manhattan	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Bronx	NNP
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
the	DT
FAA	NNP
Hotline	NNP
at	IN
(212) 799-0824	CD
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
an	DT
undergrad	NN
psych	VBP
major	JJ
who	WP
will	MD
be	VB
leading	VBG
support	NN
groups	NNS
this	DT
summer	NN
.	.
These	DT
free	JJ
,	,
self-help	JJ
support	NN
groups	NNS
will	MD
serve	VB
as	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
,	,
nonjudgmental	JJ
setting	VBG
for	IN
exploring	VBG
issues	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
eating	NN
.	.
The	DT
groups	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
sponsored	VBN
by	IN
ANAD	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
and	CC
Associated	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
supervised	VBN
by	IN
Dr.	NNP
Linda	NNP
Blakeley	NNP
,	,
Ph.	NNP
D	NNP
,	,
a	DT
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
who	WP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Women	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
age	NN
who	WP
are	VBP
suffering	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
their	PRP$
families\/friends	NNS
are	VBP
welcome	JJ
to	TO
attend	VB
,	,
as	IN
is	VBZ
anyone	NN
who	WP
feels	VBZ
emotional	JJ
and\/or	CC
physical	JJ
distress	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
food	NN
and	CC
eating	NN
.	.
The	DT
groups	NNS
will	MD
run	VB
from	IN
late	JJ
June	NNP
to	TO
late	JJ
August	NNP
.	.
They	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
a	DT
great	JJ
opportunity	NN
to	TO
further	VB
the	DT
healing	NN
process	NN
in	IN
a	DT
casual	JJ
and	CC
yet	RB
supportive	JJ
setting	NN
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
or	CC
e-mail	VB
for	IN
specific	JJ
days	NNS
and	CC
times	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
voluntary	JJ
group	NN
,	,
and	CC
hold	VB
a	DT
meeting	NN
every	DT
third	JJ
Wednesday	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
month	NN
,	,
between	IN
7.00	CD
and	CC
9.00	CD
.	.
Admission	NN
is	VBZ
free	JJ
and	CC
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
need	NN
to	TO
book	VB
a	DT
place	NN
,	,
just	RB
turn	VB
up	RP
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
lots	NNS
of	IN
info	NN
and	CC
a	DT
lending	NN
library	NN
specialising	VBG
in	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
We	PRP
aim	VBP
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
safe	JJ
sanctuary	NN
for	IN
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and	CC
Bulimia	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
particularly	RB
encourage	VBP
carers	NNS
to	TO
attend	VB
as	IN
we	PRP
feel	VBP
they	PRP
are	VBP
extremely	RB
important	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
recovery	NN
process	NN
.	.
Everyone	NN
at	IN
the	DT
group	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
touched	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
either	CC
as	IN
a	DT
carer	NN
or	CC
as	IN
a	DT
sufferer	NN
.	.
Healing	NN
Works	NNP
treats	VBZ
children	NNS
,	,
teens	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
issues	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
the	DT
home	NN
of	IN
PowerKids	NNP
,	,
a	DT
group	NN
for	IN
obese	JJ
children	NNS
ages	NNS
8-13	CD
.	.
PowerKids	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
10	CD
week	NN
group	NN
with	IN
a	DT
supplemental	JJ
parent	NN
's	POS
group	NN
.	.
The	DT
group	NN
will	MD
reduce	VB
barriers	NNS
to	TO
positive	JJ
change	NN
,	,
teach	VB
healthy	JJ
new	JJ
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
and	CC
enhance	VB
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
spirituality	NN
while	IN
providing	VBG
a	DT
safe	JJ
place	NN
and	CC
a	DT
supportive	JJ
peer	VB
group	NN
.	.
Creative	JJ
phsychotherapy	NN
and	CC
support	NN
group	NN
provided	VBD
for	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and	CC
related	VBN
issues	NNS
by	IN
a	DT
licenced	JJ
therapist	NN
with	IN
ten	CD
years	NNS
clinical	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
Two	CD
convenient	JJ
locations	NNS
near	IN
the	DT
El	NNP
.	.
Free	NNP
parking	NN
available	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
Belmont	NNP
location	NN
.	.
OMH	NNP
&	CC
JCAHO	NNP
Accredited	NNP
,	,
Licensed	NNP
Partial	NNP
Hospital	NNP
Treatment	NNP
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
affected	VBN
by	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
anorexia	NN
nervosa	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
nervosa	NN
,	,
and	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
coexisting	VBG
psychiatric	JJ
diagnosis	NN
,	,
as	IN
needed	VBN
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
treat	VB
the	DT
psychological	JJ
,	,
nutritional	JJ
and	CC
physical	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
treatment	NN
team	NN
includes	VBZ
social	JJ
workers	NNS
,	,
psychiatric	JJ
nurse	NN
,	,
psychiatrist	NN
,	,
&	CC
registered	VBD
dietician	NN
.	.
Services	NNPS
include	VBP
:	:
individual	NN
,	,
family	NN
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
group	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
and	CC
support	NN
group	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
people	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
the	DT
family	NN
doctor	NN
and	CC
a	DT
trained	JJ
nutrionist	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
support	NN
group	NN
,	,
ANAD	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
meets	VBZ
2x	NN
's	POS
per	IN
month	NN
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
,	,
respectful	JJ
style	NN
.	.
Out	IN
patient	JJ
consultation	NN
,	,
individual	JJ
,	,
group	NN
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
those	DT
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
.	.
Therapist	NNP
led	VBD
``	``
Healthy	JJ
Lifestyles	NNP
''	''
support	NN
group	NN
.	.
Referrals	NNS
for	IN
more	JJR
intensive	JJ
treatment	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
partial	JJ
,	,
day	NN
treatment	NN
,	,
in-patient	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
to	TO
physicians	NNS
,	,
psychiatrists	NNS
,	,
nutritionists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
professionals	NNS
.	.
Specialty	NNP
in	IN
mental	JJ
health	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
children	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
family	NN
and	CC
group	NN
offered	VBD
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorders	NNS
treatment	NN
group	NN
for	IN
adolescent	JJ
females	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
and	CC
fourth	JJ
Tuesdays	NNPS
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
,	,
from	IN
7:30	CD
-9:00	CD
PM	NNP
.	.
Licensed	VBN
Marital	JJ
and	CC
Family	NNP
Therapist	NNP
Hello	UH
!	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
working	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
for	IN
over	IN
ten	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
been	VBN
recovered	VBN
from	IN
anorexia	NN
for	IN
over	IN
17	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
my	PRP$
experience	NN
both	DT
personally	RB
and	CC
professionally	RB
,	,
my	PRP$
philosophy	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
completely	RB
recovered	VBN
!	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
behaviors	NNS
provide	VBP
various	JJ
``	``
functions	NNS
''	''
that	WDT
help	VBP
a	DT
person	NN
cope	VB
with	IN
feelings	NNS
and	CC
issues	NNS
that	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
in	IN
other	JJ
ways	NNS
.	.
Through	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
and	CC
empathic	JJ
therapeutic	JJ
relationship	NN
,	,
I	PRP
try	VBP
to	TO
help	VB
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
explore	VB
and	CC
understand	VB
the	DT
``	``
adaptive	JJ
''	''
function	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
their	PRP$
behaviors	NNS
so	RB
that	IN
when	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
ready	JJ
,	,
they	PRP
may	MD
begin	VB
to	TO
try	VB
healthier	RBR
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
them	PRP
tolerate	VB
and	CC
express	VB
their	PRP$
feelings	NNS
and\/or	CC
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
currently	RB
co-facilitate	VBP
a	DT
free	JJ
ANAD	NNP
support	NN
group	NN
on	IN
Tuesday	NNP
evenings	NNS
and	CC
also	RB
offer	VBP
support	NN
groups	NNS
for	IN
parents	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeaters	NNS
,	,
and	CC
anorexics\/bulimics	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
private	JJ
practice	NN
and	CC
support	NN
groups	NNS
are	VBP
located	VBN
in	IN
West	NNP
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
,	,
please	VB
contact	NN
me	PRP
.	.
A	DT
program	NN
offering	NN
survivors	NNS
of	IN
abuse	NN
and	CC
sexual	JJ
trauma	NN
who	WP
struggle	VBP
with	IN
self-injury	JJ
and\/or	CC
eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
both	DT
a	DT
support	NN
group	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
free	JJ
to	TO
$	$
2	CD
donation	NN
per	IN
session	NN
-	:
no	DT
one	NN
turned	VBD
away	RP
for	IN
inability	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
a	DT
therapy	NN
group	NN
on	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
.	.
An	DT
assessment	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
therapy	NN
group	NN
.	.
Therapy	NN
groups	NNS
are	VBP
$	$
5	CD
to	TO
$	$
25	CD
per	IN
session	NN
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
your	PRP$
-LRB-	-LRB-
family	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
income	NN
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
group	NN
,	,
family	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
medication	NN
management	NN
and	CC
nutritional	JJ
therapy	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
and	CC
men	NNS
.	.
Psychodynamic	NNP
and	CC
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
Specialties	NNS
include	VBP
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeaters	NNS
and	CC
weight	NN
reduction	NN
surgery	NN
pre	NN
and	CC
post	NN
support	NN
.	.
Body	NNP
Balance	NNP
provides	VBZ
nutrition	NN
counselling	NN
to	TO
both	DT
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
corporate	JJ
sectors	NNS
.	.
At	IN
Body	NNP
Balance	NNP
the	DT
key	JJ
message	NN
that	WDT
permeates	VBZ
all	DT
counselling	NN
is	VBZ
``	``
allowing	VBG
food	NN
to	TO
become	VB
your	PRP$
partner	NN
in	IN
health	NN
''	''
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
Clinical	NNP
Nutritionist	NNP
and	CC
Exercise	NNP
Physiologist	NNP
who	WP
works	VBZ
with	IN
individuals	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
or	CC
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
patterns	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
also	RB
a	DT
critical	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Teams	NNP
at	IN
both	DT
Columbia	NNP
University	NNP
and	CC
Barnard	NNP
College	NNP
Health	NNP
Services	NNPS
.	.
Currently	RB
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
running	VBG
a	DT
group	NN
for	IN
binge	NN
eaters	NNS
at	IN
Barnard	NNP
College	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
group	NN
for	IN
anorexics	NNS
at	IN
Columbia	NNP
University	NNP
.	.
Bonnie	NNP
Modugno	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
nutrition	NN
consultant	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
weight	NN
management	NN
and	CC
sports	NNS
nutrition	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
practice	NN
15	CD
years	NNS
,	,
working	VBG
with	IN
clients	NNS
along	IN
the	DT
spectrum	NN
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
see	VBP
myself	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
facillitator	NN
,	,
helping	VBG
clients	NNS
to	TO
allow	VB
food	NN
to	TO
take	VB
its	PRP$
rightful	JJ
place	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
Learning	NNP
how	WRB
to	TO
eat	VB
is	VBZ
an	DT
important	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
making	VBG
peace	NN
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
giving	VBG
yourself	PRP
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
learn	VB
more	JJR
effective	JJ
strategies	NNS
to	TO
manage	VB
the	DT
challenges	NNS
in	IN
life	NN
.	.
When	WRB
it	PRP
comes	VBZ
to	TO
food	NN
and	CC
physiology	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
found	VBN
that	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
our	PRP$
body	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
necessarily	RB
easier	JJR
,	,
but	CC
alot	RB
more	RBR
effective	JJ
and	CC
joyful	JJ
than	IN
fighting	VBG
against	IN
it	PRP
.	.
Registered	NNP
Dietitian	NNP
Experienced	NNP
,	,
professional	JJ
,	,
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
.	.
Offering	VBG
a	DT
team	NN
approach	NN
to	TO
recovery	NN
with	IN
a	DT
supportive	JJ
nonjudgemental	JJ
approach	NN
.	.
The	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
Family	NNP
Development	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
group	NN
practice	NN
that	WDT
consists	VBZ
of	IN
psychiatrists	NNS
,	,
psychologists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
nutrionists	NNS
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
team	NN
,	,
we	PRP
are	VBP
better	RBR
able	JJ
to	TO
support	VB
you	PRP
.	.
We	PRP
help	VBP
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
who	WP
struggle	VBP
with	IN
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
symptoms	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
psychological	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Center	NNP
provides	VBZ
a	DT
multidisciplinary	JJ
treatment	NN
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
medical	JJ
and	CC
psychological	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
disorders	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
services	NNS
include	VBP
:	:
Individual	JJ
counseling	NN
,	,
group	NN
counseling	NN
,	,
family	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
education	NN
for	IN
patients\/families	NNS
,	,
self-help	JJ
groups	NNS
,	,
psychiatric	JJ
evaluations	NNS
and	CC
nutritional	JJ
guidance	NN
.	.
Nutrition	NNP
therapy	NN
designed	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
unique	JJ
individual	NN
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
review	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
goals	NNS
,	,
lifestyle	NN
,	,
stressors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
rejuvenators	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
help	VBP
you	PRP
understand	VB
the	DT
power	NN
of	IN
food	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
yourself	PRP
rather	RB
than	IN
against	IN
yourself	PRP
.	.
Our	PRP$
registered	VBN
,	,
licensed	VBN
dietitians	NNS
,	,
Rachel	NNP
Trevethan	NNP
,	,
MS	NNP
,	,
RD	NNP
,	,
LD	NNP
and	CC
Debbie	NNP
Serenius	NNP
,	,
RD	NNP
,	,
LD	NNP
are	VBP
skilled	JJ
nutrition	NN
therapists	NNS
with	IN
diverse	JJ
experiences	NNS
,	,
interested	JJ
in	IN
helping	VBG
you	PRP
to	TO
achieve	VB
your	PRP$
potential	NN
.	.
Christie	NNP
Caggiani	NNP
,	,
owner	NN
of	IN
Nourishing	NNP
Success	NNP
,	,
provides	VBZ
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
to	TO
individuals	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
utilizes	VBZ
a	DT
team	NN
approach	NN
and	CC
provides	VBZ
referrals	NNS
to	TO
other	JJ
health	NN
professionals	NNS
as	IN
needed	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
,	,
couple	NN
,	,
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
to	TO
adults	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
families	NNS
.	.
Because	IN
i	FW
am	VBP
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
as	RB
well	RB
,	,
i	FW
do	VBP
nutrition	NN
assessments	NNS
,	,
coordination	NN
with	IN
physicians	NNS
,	,
meal	NN
planning	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
non-dieting	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
I	PRP
run	VBP
a	DT
womens	NNS
'	POS
eating	JJ
disorders	NNS
group	NN
therapy	NN
on	IN
Tuesday	NNP
evenings	NNS
,	,
7PM-8	NNP
:30	CD
PM	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
going	VBG
for	IN
years	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
a	DT
lots	NNS
of	IN
fun	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
go	VB
figure	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
process	NN
oriented	VBN
,	,
psychodynamic	JJ
,	,
with	IN
roleplaying	VBG
,	,
art	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
and	CC
some	DT
creative	JJ
aspects	NNS
to	TO
it	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
low-fee	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
$	$
20.00	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Registered	NNP
Dietian	NNP
with	IN
15	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Eight	CD
years	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
Renfrew	NNP
Center	NNP
and	CC
seven	CD
years	NNS
private	JJ
practice	NN
and	CC
consultant	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Belmont	NNP
Center	NNP
's	POS
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Program	NNP
.	.
Specialize	VB
in	IN
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
``	``
disordered	JJ
''	''
eating	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
early	RB
stage	NN
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
or	CC
eating	VBG
behaviors	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Linda	NNP
works	VBZ
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
at	IN
Consulting	NNP
&	CC
Counseling	NN
Associates	NNPS
,	,
a	DT
group	NN
practice	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
seven	CD
full-time	JJ
therapists	NNS
who	WP
some	DT
also	RB
work	NN
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
Linda	NNP
specifically	RB
works	VBZ
with	IN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
been	VBN
diagnosed	VBN
with	IN
either	DT
anorexia	NN
or	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
We	PRP
believe	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
team	NN
concept	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
:	:
a	DT
psychiatrist	NN
,	,
General	NNP
Physician	NNP
,	,
therapist	NN
and	CC
dietitian	NN
.	.
Together	RB
we	PRP
work	VBP
and	CC
rework	VBP
the	DT
treatment	NN
plan	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
the	DT
client	NN
in	IN
bringing	VBG
about	IN
success	NN
and	CC
change	NN
.	.
An	DT
Anorexia	NNP
Group	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
Bulimia	NNP
Group	NNP
will	MD
begin	VB
approximately	RB
in	IN
February	NNP
2004	CD
.	.
Call	VB
our	PRP$
office	NN
at	IN
260-486-5251	CD
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
about	IN
group	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
A	DT
recovered	VBD
professional	JJ
,	,
who	WP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
nutrition	NN
and	CC
provides	VBZ
one-on-one	JJ
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
for	IN
those	DT
recovering	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
Works	NNP
with	IN
all	DT
age	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
males	NNS
and	CC
females	NNS
.	.
Has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
strong	JJ
advocate	NN
for	IN
the	DT
prevention	NN
and	CC
education	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
Is	VBZ
currently	RB
pursing	VBG
credentials	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietician	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
Masters	NNS
degree	NN
in	IN
Public	NNP
Health	NNP
with	IN
a	DT
concentration	NN
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
exercise	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
Registered	NNP
Dietitian	NNP
in	IN
practice	NN
for	IN
17	CD
years	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
offer	VBP
individual	JJ
consults	NNS
and	CC
groups	NNS
to	TO
support	VB
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
to	TO
reconnect	VB
with	IN
their	PRP$
internal	JJ
cues	NNS
of	IN
physical	JJ
hunger	NN
and	CC
fullness	NN
through	IN
a	DT
non-diet	JJ
appoach	NN
.	.
I	PRP
speak	VBP
for	IN
High	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
University	NNP
level	NN
school	NN
system	NN
,	,
Motion	NNP
Picture	NNP
Wellness	NNP
Fund	NNP
,	,
professional	JJ
athletes	NNS
,	,
local	JJ
hospitals	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
Fortune	NNP
500	CD
companies	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
approach	NN
to	TO
helaing	VBG
encompasses	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
balanced	JJ
mind	NN
,	,
body	NN
and	CC
spiritual	JJ
journey	NN
,	,
believing	VBG
it	PRP
is	VBZ
difficult	JJ
to	TO
heal	VB
without	IN
including	VBG
all	DT
of	IN
them	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
closely	RB
with	IN
a	DT
physician	NN
and	CC
therapist	NN
to	TO
help	VB
create	VB
the	DT
utmost	JJ
opportunity	NN
for	IN
healing	NN
.	.
Diane	NNP
Bubeck	NNP
&	CC
Associates	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
group	NN
practice	NN
of	IN
three	CD
registered	VBN
and	CC
licensed	VBN
dietitians	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
over	IN
55	CD
years	NNS
combined	VBN
experience	NN
in	IN
treating	VBG
clients	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
weight	NN
management	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
comfortable	JJ
atmosphere	NN
of	IN
Diane	NNP
's	POS
home	NN
in	IN
South	NNP
Naperville	NNP
,	,
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
held	VBN
privately	RB
one-on-one	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
work	VBP
very	RB
closely	RB
with	IN
a	DT
client	NN
's	POS
therapist	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
team	NN
approach	NN
and	CC
a	DT
goal	NN
orientated	VBN
treatment	NN
plan	NN
.	.
For	IN
clients	NNS
interested	VBN
in	IN
weight	NN
normalization	NN
,	,
Diane	NNP
often	RB
uses	VBZ
her	PRP
training	NN
as	IN
a	DT
therapist	NN
to	TO
help	VB
discover	VB
the	DT
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
contributing	VBG
to	TO
using	VBG
food	NN
as	IN
a	DT
coping	VBG
strategy	NN
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
emotions	NNS
.	.
Evening	NN
and	CC
Saturday	NNP
appointments	NNS
available	JJ
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Nutrition	NNP
Consultant	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
provided	VBN
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
for	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
since	IN
1985	CD
.	.
My	PRP$
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
clients	NNS
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
eat	VB
all	DT
foods	NNS
without	IN
fear	NN
,	,
guilt	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
or	CC
the	DT
need	NN
to	TO
purge	VB
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
maintain	VB
a	DT
healthy	JJ
weight	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
Dietitian	NNP
who	WP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
non-diet	JJ
approach	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
over	IN
17	CD
years	NNS
experience	NN
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
all	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
goal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
people	NNS
learn	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
peace	NN
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
learn	VB
from	IN
the	DT
inside	JJ
how	WRB
to	TO
ultimately	RB
live	VB
an	DT
overall	JJ
healthy	JJ
lifestyle	NN
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
10	CD
week	NN
``	``
Forget	VB
the	DT
Diets	NNPS
''	''
workshops	NNS
for	IN
women	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
been	VBN
on	IN
and	CC
off	IN
the	DT
diet	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
roller-coaster	NN
and	CC
who	WP
realize	VBP
that	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
answer	NN
,	,
but	CC
who	WP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
which	WDT
direction	NN
to	TO
turn	VB
.	.
Our	PRP$
practice	NN
provides	VBZ
outpatient	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
dissatisfaction	NN
,	,
history	NN
of	IN
abuse	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
psychological	JJ
concerns	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
,	,
group	NN
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
Nutrition	NNP
counseling	NN
with	IN
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
available	JJ
.	.
Dr	NNP
Ackard	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Academy	NNP
for	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
treating	VBG
individuals	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
15	CD
years	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
personally	RB
recovered	VBN
from	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
the	DT
insight	NN
I	PRP
developed	VBD
through	IN
my	PRP$
recovery	NN
,	,
in	IN
combination	NN
with	IN
nutrition	NN
knowledge	NN
and	CC
genuine	JJ
empathy	NN
for	IN
those	DT
suffering	VBG
with	IN
these	DT
illnesses	NNS
,	,
to	TO
provide	VB
individuals	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
supportive	JJ
environment	NN
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
their	PRP$
recovery	NN
goals	NNS
.	.
Nutrition	NNP
counselling	NN
by	IN
a	DT
Registered	NNP
Dietitian	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
greater	JJR
Toronto	NNP
area	NN
for	IN
adults	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
children	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
weight	NN
pre-occupation	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
for	IN
other	JJ
nutritional	JJ
issues	NNS
available	JJ
.	.
Workshops	NNS
and	CC
seminars	NNS
available	JJ
on	IN
nutrition-related	JJ
topics	NNS
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
prevention	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
Registered	NNP
Dietitian	NNP
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
with	IN
a	DT
specialty	NN
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
a	DT
non-diet	JJ
approach	NN
,	,
focusing	VBG
on	IN
helping	VBG
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
improve	VB
their	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
individualized	VBN
in	IN
nature	NN
,	,
respecting	VBG
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
each	DT
client	NN
comes	VBZ
to	TO
treatment	NN
with	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
own	JJ
unique	JJ
circumstances	NNS
and	CC
needs	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
male	NN
and	CC
female	JJ
clients	NNS
,	,
18	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
older	JJR
.	.
Nutritionist	NNP
&	CC
Exercise	NNP
Physiologist	NNP
My	PRP$
approach	NN
to	TO
nutrition	NN
entails	VBZ
designing	VBG
individualized	JJ
programs	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
and	CC
every	DT
client	NN
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
work	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
overcome	VB
personal	JJ
obstacles	NNS
to	TO
healthier	RBR
living	VBG
.	.
Being	VBG
an	DT
exercise	NN
physiologist	NN
makes	VBZ
me	PRP
uniquely	RB
qualified	VBD
to	TO
speak	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
about	IN
your	PRP$
eating	NN
and	CC
fitness	NN
behaviors	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
the	DT
Media	NNP
Representative	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
NJ	NNP
Dietetic	NNP
Assocation	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
dietitian	NN
who	WP
specialises	VBZ
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
typically	RB
work	VBP
in	IN
collaboration	NN
with	IN
psychotherapists	NNS
,	,
physicians	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
providers	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
your	PRP$
reach	NN
the	DT
eating	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
goals	NNS
you	PRP
have	VBP
for	IN
yourself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
help	VB
you	PRP
move	VB
through	IN
the	DT
obstacles	NNS
that	WDT
get	VBP
in	IN
your	PRP$
way	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
with	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
since	IN
1980	CD
.	.
I	PRP
work	VBP
as	IN
an	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Specialist	NNP
at	IN
The	DT
Healthy	JJ
Weigh	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
owned	VBN
and	CC
operated	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
dietician	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
Houston	NNP
,	,
Texas	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
recovered	VBN
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
and	CC
feel	VB
called	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
struggling	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
way	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
also	RB
currently	RB
working	VBG
on	IN
my	PRP$
license	NN
in	IN
counseling	NN
.	.
Heidi	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
compassionate	JJ
and	CC
understanding	NN
nutritionist	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
all	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
including	VBG
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
will	MD
assist	VB
the	DT
client	NN
in	IN
identifying	VBG
food	NN
fears	NNS
and	CC
improve	VB
nutritional	JJ
health	NN
in	IN
a	DT
supportive	JJ
and	CC
encouraging	JJ
manner	NN
.	.
Heidi	NNP
has	VBZ
offices	NNS
in	IN
Wilton	NNP
,	,
CT	NNP
and	CC
White	NNP
Plains	NNP
,	,
NY	NNP
.	.
Jennifer	NNP
Hanlin	NNP
,	,
MS	NNP
,	,
RD	NNP
works	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
addictions	NNS
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
offering	VBG
nutritional	JJ
guidance	NN
that	WDT
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
overcoming	VBG
barriers	NNS
to	TO
mindful	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
Refocusing	VBG
on	IN
healthful	JJ
eating	NN
through	IN
nutrition	NN
education	NN
and	CC
reconnecting	VBG
with	IN
appetite	NN
.	.
LPC	NNP
&	CC
Licensed	NNP
Dietitian	NNP
The	NNP
only	RB
professional	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
of	IN
Oklahoma	NNP
possessing	VBG
licenses	NNS
in	IN
both	DT
psychology	NN
and	CC
nutrition	NN
,	,
I	PRP
provide	VBP
efficient	JJ
and	CC
effective	JJ
counseling	NN
and	CC
therapy	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
,	,
couples	NNS
,	,
families	NNS
and	CC
groups	NNS
dealing	VBG
with	IN
all	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disordered	JJ
behaviors	NNS
.	.
With	IN
a	DT
large	JJ
network	NN
of	IN
medical	JJ
providers	NNS
to	TO
complete	VB
my	PRP$
treatment	NN
team	NN
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
offer	VB
services	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
of	IN
clients	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
successfully	RB
treated	VBN
those	DT
from	IN
age	NN
8	CD
up	RP
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
those	DT
with	IN
chronic	JJ
disease	NN
processes	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
diabetes	NN
.	.
Nutrition	NNP
Access	NNP
,	,
a	DT
private	JJ
practice	NN
owned	VBN
by	IN
Kara	NNP
Fowler	NNP
,	,
MS	NNP
,	,
RD	NNP
,	,
LD	NNP
,	,
CDE	NNP
,	,
offers	VBZ
medical	JJ
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
to	TO
people	NNS
dealing	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
issues	NNS
including	VBG
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
obesity	NN
,	,
and	CC
chronic	JJ
dieting	NN
.	.
Kara	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
registered	VBN
and	CC
licensed	VBN
dietitian	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
a	DT
certified	JJ
diabetes	NN
educator	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
additional	JJ
training	NN
in	IN
stress	NN
management	NN
and	CC
exercise	NN
and	CC
also	RB
provides	VBZ
guidance	NN
in	IN
these	DT
areas	NNS
.	.
Kara	NNP
has	VBZ
a	DT
nondieting	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
nutrition	NN
,	,
and	CC
works	VBZ
with	IN
each	DT
client	NN
to	TO
achieve	VB
improved	JJ
health	NN
and	CC
a	DT
more	RBR
positive	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
.	.
Working	VBG
closely	RB
as	IN
a	DT
team	NN
with	IN
a	DT
therapist\/social	JJ
worker	NN
and	CC
physician	NN
is	VBZ
encouraged	VBN
.	.
Informational	JJ
sessions	NNS
and	CC
support	NN
are	VBP
also	RB
available	JJ
to	TO
family	NN
and	CC
friends	NNS
.	.
Evening	NN
and	CC
weekend	NN
appointments	NNS
available	JJ
.	.
Office	NNP
location	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
Round	NNP
Rock	NNP
,	,
just	RB
north	RB
of	IN
Austin	NNP
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
for	IN
a	DT
free	JJ
15	CD
minute	NN
phone	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
knowledge	NN
and	CC
experience	NN
in	IN
treating	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
is	VBZ
the	DT
most	RBS
fulfilling	VBG
work	NN
,	,
both	DT
personally	RB
and	CC
professionally	RB
.	.
In	IN
connecting	VBG
with	IN
someone	NN
who	WP
suffers	VBZ
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
I	PRP
try	VBP
to	TO
offer	VB
them	PRP
suggestions	NNS
and	CC
guidelines	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
geared	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
them	PRP
where	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
at	IN
in	IN
their	PRP$
healing	NN
process	NN
.	.
I	PRP
try	VBP
to	TO
guide	VB
them	PRP
along	IN
a	DT
path	NN
to	TO
wellness	JJ
by	IN
teaching	VBG
them	PRP
how	WRB
to	TO
nourish	VB
,	,
not	RB
punish	VB
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
.	.
Karin	NNP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
weight	NN
management	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
medically	RB
related	VBN
nutrition	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Her	PRP$
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
patients	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
setting	VBG
gives	VBZ
her	PRP$
a	DT
unique	JJ
perspective	NN
on	IN
the	DT
power	NN
of	IN
healthy	JJ
food	NN
patterns	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
takes	VBZ
a	DT
non-dieting	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
help	VB
her	PRP$
clients	NNS
build	VB
a	DT
positive	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
eating	NN
.	.
Nutrition	NNP
counseling	NN
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
``	``
individualized	JJ
''	''
nutritional	JJ
planning	NN
and	CC
processing	NN
to	TO
achieve	VB
lifestyle	NN
goals	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Karin	NNP
Kratina	NNP
has	VBZ
a	DT
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
practice	NN
where	WRB
she	PRP
specializes	VBZ
in	IN
treating	VBG
women	NNS
and	CC
men	NNS
who	WP
struggle	VBP
with	IN
eating	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
uses	VBZ
a	DT
nondiet	JJ
approach	NN
focusing	VBG
on	IN
intuitive	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
Karin	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Registered	NNP
Dietitian	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
Licensed	VBN
Dietitian	NNP
\/	NNP
Nutritionist	NNP
who	WP
holds	VBZ
advanced	JJ
degrees	NNS
in	IN
exercise	NN
physiology	NN
,	,
gender	NN
studies	NNS
and	CC
cognitive	JJ
anthropology	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
written	VBN
several	JJ
books	NNS
and	CC
lectured	VBD
internationally	RB
on	IN
eating	NN
and	CC
weight	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Kate	NNP
has	VBZ
provided	VBN
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
weight	NN
and	CC
shape	NN
issues	NNS
for	IN
over	IN
20	CD
years	NNS
.	.
In	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
for	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
8	CD
years	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Chicagoland	NNP
area	NN
,	,
Kate	NNP
provides	VBZ
a	DT
safe	JJ
environment	NN
for	IN
change	NN
and	CC
growth	NN
.	.
A	DT
non-diet	JJ
,	,
health	NN
at	IN
any	DT
size	NN
approach	NN
offers	VBZ
clients	NNS
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
reconnect	VB
with	IN
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
'	POS
signals	NNS
and	CC
challenge	VB
the	DT
eating	NN
disorder	NN
mindset	NN
.	.
Licensed	VBN
Nutritionist	NNP
,	,
Registered	NNP
DietitianIn	NNP
my	PRP$
private	JJ
practice	NN
I	PRP
work	VBP
with	IN
individuals	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeaters	NNS
,	,
weight	NN
preoccupation	NN
and	CC
disordered	JJ
thinking	NN
.	.
I	PRP
use	VBP
a	DT
non-diet	JJ
,	,
non-deprivation	JJ
and	CC
non-threatening	JJ
approach	NN
in	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
and	CC
nuturing	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
Together	RB
we	PRP
work	VBP
to	TO
heal	VB
your	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
allowing	VBG
you	PRP
a	DT
more	RBR
meaningful	JJ
and	CC
fulfilling	VBG
life	NN
.	.
I	PRP
welcome	VBP
anyone	NN
to	TO
contact	VB
me	PRP
with	IN
questions	NNS
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Nichols	NNP
has	VBZ
spent	VBN
several	JJ
years	NNS
working	VBG
with	IN
individuals	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
anxiety	NN
,	,
and	CC
trauma	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
extremely	RB
committed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
health	NN
and	CC
well-being	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
patients	NNS
and	CC
has	VBZ
helped	VBN
many	JJ
to	TO
recover	VB
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
former	JJ
National	NNP
and	CC
Olympic	NNP
competitor	NN
,	,
Ms.	NNP
Nichols	NNP
also	RB
spends	VBZ
a	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
of	IN
time	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
athletes	NNS
who	WP
struggle	VBP
with	IN
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
and	CC
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
Registered	NNP
Dietitian	NNP
with	IN
a	DT
Master	NNP
's	POS
degree	NN
in	IN
Nutrition	NNP
.	.
In	IN
my	PRP$
career	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
chosen	VBN
to	TO
focus	VB
on	IN
helping	VBG
individuals	NNS
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
expereince	VB
treating	VBG
individuals	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
setting	VBG
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
on	IN
an	DT
outpatient	NN
basis	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
committed	VBN
to	TO
helping	VBG
people	NNS
with	IN
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
and	CC
believe	VB
in	IN
full	JJ
recovery	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
this	DT
is	VBZ
done	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
help	NN
of	IN
a	DT
treatment	NN
team	NN
-	:
a	DT
physician	NN
,	,
a	DT
therapist	NN
,	,
a	DT
psychiatrist	NN
if	IN
needed	VBN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
dietitian	NN
.	.
I	PRP
hope	VBP
I	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
YOUR	JJ
team	NN
.	.
MA	NNP
,	,
MFT	NNP
,	,
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Certificate	NNP
I	PRP
am	VBP
part	NN
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
team	NN
consisting	VBG
of	IN
a	DT
Registered	NNP
Dietician	NNP
and	CC
M.D.	NNP
We	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
all	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
available	JJ
for	IN
phone	NN
consultation	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
office	NN
visits	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
bring	VBP
both	DT
personal	JJ
recovery	NN
and	CC
professional	JJ
expertise	NN
to	TO
our	PRP$
treatment	NN
perspective	NN
.	.
Plese	JJ
call	NN
me	PRP
with	IN
any	DT
questions	NNS
you	PRP
have	VBP
about	IN
my	PRP$
services	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and\/or	CC
eating	VBG
&	CC
weight	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
supportively	RB
assist	VBP
clients	NNS
in	IN
understanding	NN
and	CC
adopting	VBG
a	DT
healthy	JJ
,	,
non-diet	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
body	NN
,	,
addressing	VBG
thought	NN
patterns	NNS
and	CC
behaviors	NNS
with	IN
food	NN
,	,
and	CC
nutritional	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
Sensitivity	NN
is	VBZ
given	VBN
to	TO
readiness	NN
to	TO
change	VB
,	,
and	CC
optimal	JJ
pace	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
Practical	NNP
Nutrition	NNP
I	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
helping	VBG
people	NNS
heal	VB
their	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
food	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
bodies	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
using	VBG
a	DT
non-dieting	JJ
approach	NN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
one-on-one	JJ
counselling	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
teaching	NN
ED	VBD
prevention	NN
classes	NNS
for	IN
teens	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
.	.
The	DT
clinic	NN
is	VBZ
attached	VBN
to	TO
St.	NNP
Columcille	NNP
's	POS
Hospital	NN
in	IN
Loughlinstown	NNP
,	,
Co.	NNP
.	.
Dublin	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
run	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
multi-disciplinary	JJ
team	NN
including	VBG
a	DT
Consultant	NN
Endocrinologist	NNP
,	,
a	DT
Chartered	NNP
Physiotherapist	NNP
,	,
a	DT
Senior	JJ
Clinical	NNP
Psychologist	NNP
,	,
a	DT
Health	NNP
Psychologist	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
Dietician	NN
.	.
Referral	NN
to	TO
the	DT
clinic	NN
is	VBZ
by	IN
means	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
GP	NNP
.	.
However	RB
if	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
firstly	RB
like	VB
further	JJ
information	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
program	NN
offered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
clinic	NN
,	,
please	VB
feel	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
telephone	NN
or	CC
email	NN
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Intensive	NNP
Outpatient	NNP
Program	NNP
amounting	VBG
to	TO
15	CD
hours	NNS
,	,
Individual	NNP
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
&	CC
men	NNS
with	IN
all	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Workshops	NNS
and	CC
training	NN
for	IN
agencies	NNS
,	,
schools	NNS
,	,
athletic	JJ
departments	NNS
,	,
parent	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
sororities	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
Treatment	NNP
approaches	NNS
include	VBP
body	NN
image	NN
work	NN
,	,
art	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
,	,
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
exercise	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
all	DT
individualized	VBN
to	TO
fit	VB
needs	NNS
.	.
Special	JJ
emphasis	NN
on	IN
coexisting	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
substance	NN
abuse	NN
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
comprehensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
medical	JJ
services	NNS
to	TO
adolescents	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
treat	VBP
many	JJ
conditions	NNS
,	,
ranging	VBG
from	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
to	TO
chronic	JJ
illness	NN
management	NN
to	TO
general	JJ
wellness	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
the	DT
services	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
pediatrician	NN
specializing	VBG
in	IN
adolescent	JJ
medicine	NN
,	,
a	DT
nurse	NN
practitioner	NN
,	,
a	DT
nutritionist	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
psychologist	NN
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
medical	JJ
,	,
nutritional	JJ
,	,
and	CC
psychological	JJ
treatment	NN
in	IN
a	DT
friendly	JJ
,	,
non-threatening	JJ
setting	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
groups	NNS
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
groups	NNS
for	IN
parents	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
.	.
Healing	NN
Your	PRP$
Relationship	NN
With	IN
Food	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
eight	CD
week	NN
program	NN
for	IN
adults	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
non-restrictive	JJ
,	,
non-diet	JJ
,	,
intuitive	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
healing	VBG
the	DT
emotional	JJ
issues	NNS
underlying	VBG
and	CC
fueling	VBG
the	DT
disorder	NN
.	.
The	DT
primary	JJ
eight	CD
week	NN
program	NN
offers	VBZ
guidelines	NNS
for	IN
relating	VBG
differently	RB
to	TO
food	NN
,	,
support	NN
,	,
and	CC
insight	NN
orientated	VBN
activities	NNS
,	,
lecture	NN
material	NN
,	,
and	CC
written	VBN
work	NN
.	.
The	DT
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
three	CD
hours	NNS
and	CC
meet	VB
once	RB
a	DT
week	NN
.	.
Aftercare	JJ
groups	NNS
meet	VBP
for	IN
half	PDT
the	DT
time	NN
once	RB
a	DT
week	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
offered	VBN
as	RB
long	RB
as	IN
participants	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
attend	VB
.	.
Aftercare	NNP
offers	VBZ
on-going	JJ
support	NN
,	,
reinforcement	NN
of	IN
program	NN
principals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
new	JJ
challenges	NNS
as	IN
the	DT
intimacy	NN
level	NN
increases	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
individual	JJ
sessions	NNS
which	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
helpful	JJ
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
also	RB
works	VBZ
well	RB
as	IN
you	PRP
continue	VBP
your	PRP$
current	JJ
therapy	NN
sessions	NNS
elswhere	RB
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
about	IN
quieting	VBG
the	DT
obsession	NN
so	IN
the	DT
real	JJ
issues	NNS
surface	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
worked	VBN
through	IN
to	TO
resolution	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
!	.
nyone	NN
ready	JJ
to	TO
learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
trust	VB
the	DT
body	NN
and	CC
make	VB
peace	NN
with	IN
the	DT
self	NN
.	.
Please	VB
refer	VB
to	TO
my	PRP$
website	NN
for	IN
additional	JJ
information	NN
.	.
Outpatient	NN
and	CC
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
is	VBZ
offered	VBN
.	.
Adolescent	JJ
groups	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
.	.
The	DT
approach	NN
is	VBZ
primarily	RB
Dialectical	JJ
Behavior	NNP
Therapy	NNP
and	CC
Cognitive	NNP
Behavioral	NNP
Therapy	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
an	DT
Intensive	JJ
Outpatient	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
may	MD
be	VB
for	IN
you	PRP
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
struggling	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
and	CC
need	VB
more	JJR
intensive	JJ
treatment	NN
than	IN
weekly	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
but	CC
are	VBP
not	RB
in	IN
need	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
admitted	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
hospital	NN
or	CC
inpatient	JJ
recovery	NN
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
eight	CD
weeks	NNS
with	IN
monthly	JJ
individual\/group	JJ
aftercare	NN
for	IN
12	CD
months	NNS
.	.
The	DT
eight	CD
week	NN
program	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
three	CD
group	NN
meetings	NNS
per	IN
week	NN
.	.
During	IN
these	DT
meetings	NNS
you	PRP
will	MD
:	:
-	:
Receive	VB
education	NN
about	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
-	:
Learn	VB
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
change	VB
problematic	JJ
behavior	NN
patterns	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
food	NN
,	,
eating	VBG
and	CC
weight	NN
-	:
Identify	VB
and	CC
change	VB
negative	JJ
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
belief	NN
systems	NNS
-	:
Receive	VB
nutritional	JJ
assessment	NN
and	CC
education	NN
-	:
Learn	VB
about	RB
and	CC
heal	VB
the	DT
secrecy	NN
and	CC
shame	NN
surrounding	VBG
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
-	:
Deal	NNP
with	IN
body	NN
image	NN
problems	NNS
-	:
Learn	VB
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
relationships	NNS
and	CC
intimacy	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
both	DT
in	IN
patient	JJ
group	NN
sessions	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
group	NN
sessions	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
and	CC
moreOur	JJR
groups	NNS
provide	VBP
a	DT
safe	JJ
and	CC
supportive	JJ
environment	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
to	TO
work	VB
to	TO
heal	VB
these	DT
very	RB
personal	JJ
and	CC
difficult	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
Intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
program	NN
for	IN
adults	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
suffering	VBG
from	IN
bulimia	NN
,	,
anorexia	NN
,	,
and	CC
bing	NN
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
Small	JJ
groups	NNS
meet	VBP
3	CD
times	NNS
per	IN
week	NN
,	,
2.5	CD
hours	NNS
per	IN
session	NN
.	.
Groups	NNS
are	VBP
facilitated	VBN
by	IN
licensed	JJ
clinician	NN
who	WP
specialilzes	VBZ
in	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
A	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
co-facilitates	NNS
groups	NNS
once	RB
per	IN
week	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
program	NN
is	VBZ
15	CD
weeks	NNS
and	CC
includes	VBZ
extensive	JJ
educational	JJ
materials	NNS
and	CC
interactive	JJ
group	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
hospital-based	JJ
outpatient	NN
program	NN
for	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
,	,
and	CC
related	JJ
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
.	.
As	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Children	NNP
's	POS
Medical	NNP
Center	NNP
at	IN
Atlantic	NNP
Health	NNP
System	NNP
,	,
we	PRP
provide	VBP
services	NNS
to	TO
adolescents	NNS
ages	NNS
12-21	RB
.	.
We	PRP
employ	VBP
a	DT
treatment	NN
team	NN
approach	NN
,	,
providing	VBG
medical	JJ
care	NN
,	,
individual	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
psychotherapy	NN
,	,
and	CC
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
Pathways	NNP
Family	NNP
Counseling	NN
Center	NNP
's	POS
Intensive	NNP
Outpatient	NNP
Programs	NNP
evening	NN
schedule	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
allow	VB
those	DT
clients	NNS
with	IN
less	JJR
severe	JJ
eating	NN
disorders	NNS
the	DT
flexibility	NN
to	TO
continue	VB
living	VBG
at	IN
home	NN
with	IN
their	PRP$
days	NNS
free	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
or	CC
attend	VB
school	NN
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
serves	VBZ
as	IN
an	DT
excellent	JJ
step-down	JJ
to	TO
those	DT
clients	NNS
transitioning	VBG
from	IN
a	DT
day	NN
treatment	NN
,	,
residential	JJ
,	,
or	CC
inpatient	JJ
program	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
experienced	JJ
and	CC
caring	VBG
staff	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
a	DT
Registered	NNP
Dietitian	NNP
,	,
Registered	NNP
Nurse	NNP
,	,
Psychiatrist	NNP
,	,
Family	NNP
Medicine	NNP
Doctor	NNP
,	,
Therapist	NNP
,	,
Psychologist	NNP
,	,
Art	NNP
Therapist	NNP
,	,
and	CC
an	DT
Addiction	NN
Therapist	NNP
.	.
To	TO
move	VB
towards	IN
a	DT
better	JJR
life	NN
contact	NN
us	PRP
today	NN
at	IN
(805) 230-2830	CD
.	.
Assessment	NNP
Referral	NNP
Line	NNP
available	JJ
24	CD
Hours	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
The	DT
Program	NN
for	IN
Managing	VBG
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
offers	VBZ
Partial	NNP
Hospitalization	NNP
and	CC
Intensive	NNP
Outpatient	NNP
program	NN
to	TO
help	VB
people	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
normalize	VBP
their	PRP$
eating	NN
,	,
reduce	VB
symptoms	NNS
,	,
and	CC
develop	VB
emotional	JJ
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
includes	VBZ
group	NN
therapies	NNS
,	,
nutrition	NN
counseling	NN
,	,
case	NN
coordination	NN
,	,
and	CC
medication	NN
management	NN
.	.
Supervised	VBN
meals	NNS
and	CC
snacks	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
integral	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
treatment	NN
.	.
Other	JJ
services	NNS
include	VBP
consulations	NNS
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
concerns	NNS
,	,
weekly	JJ
recovery	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
and	CC
community	NN
outreach	NN
services	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Program	NN
for	IN
Managing	VBG
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
is	VBZ
affiliated	VBN
with	IN
Psych	NNP
Systems	NNP
at	IN
Gracie	NNP
Square	NNP
Hosptial	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
accept	VBP
Medicaid	NNP
,	,
Medicare	NNP
,	,
and	CC
most	JJS
commercial	JJ
insurance	NN
and	CC
managed	VBD
care	NN
.	.
The	DT
River	NNP
Centre	NNP
Intensive	NNP
Day	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Program	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
partial	JJ
hospitalization	NN
level	NN
of	IN
care	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
a	DT
specialized	VBN
and	CC
cost-effective	JJ
program	NN
designed	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
specific	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
individuals	NNS
diagnosed	VBN
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Intensive	NNP
Day	NNP
Treatment	NNP
Program	NNP
is	VBZ
5	CD
days	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
,	,
7	CD
hours	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
and	CC
offers	VBZ
a	DT
sufficiently	RB
high	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
intensity	NN
,	,
structure	NN
and	CC
monitoring	VBG
to	TO
prevent	VB
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
costly	JJ
inpatient	NN
treatment	NN
in	IN
most	JJS
cases	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Intensive	NNP
Program	NN
in	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
and	CC
comfortable	JJ
environment	NN
with	IN
treatment	NN
delivered	VBN
by	IN
highly	RB
trained	VBN
staff	NN
with	IN
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
provides	VBZ
complete	JJ
nutritional	JJ
rehabilitation	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
a	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
psychological	JJ
treatments	NNS
for	IN
patients	NNS
who	WP
need	VBP
to	TO
gain	VB
or	CC
to	TO
stabilize	VB
body	NN
weight	NN
,	,
to	TO
interrupt	VB
binge	NN
eating	NN
,	,
vomiting	NN
,	,
laxative	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
diuretic	NN
abuse	NN
and	CC
to	TO
address	VB
associated	VBN
conditions	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
depression	NN
,	,
obsessive-compulsive	JJ
symptoms	NNS
,	,
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
trauma	NN
and	CC
relationship	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
skills	NNS
groups	NNS
in	IN
our	PRP$
clinic	NN
once	IN
a	DT
week	NN
for	IN
a	DT
16	CD
week	NN
period	NN
and	CC
in	IN
our	PRP$
continuing	VBG
day	NN
treatment	NN
program	NN
.	.
We	PRP
accept	VBP
medicaid	NN
insurance	NN
and	CC
also	RB
have	VBP
a	DT
sliding	VBG
fee	NN
scale	NN
.	.
You	PRP
must	MD
have	VB
an	DT
axis	NN
1	CD
diagnosis	NN
to	TO
participate	VB
.	.
Contact	NN
person	NN
is	VBZ
John	NNP
Steiner	NNP
,	,
CSW	NNP
.	.
JCAHO	NNP
accredited	VBD
South	NNP
Coast	NNP
Medical	NNP
Center	NNP
,	,
located	VBN
in	IN
Laguna	NNP
Beach	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Orange	NNP
County	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
California	NNP
,	,
provides	VBZ
inpatient	JJ
and	CC
day	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
-	:
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
.	.
Individualized	VBN
treatment	NN
plans	NNS
are	VBP
designed	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
patient	NN
.	.
Length	NN
of	IN
stay	NN
,	,
meal	NN
plans	NNS
,	,
and	CC
treatment	NN
goals	NNS
vary	VBP
from	IN
person	NN
to	TO
person	NN
.	.
A	DT
treatment	NN
team	NN
-	:
consisting	VBG
of	IN
physicians	NNS
,	,
a	DT
psychologist	NN
,	,
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
,	,
social	JJ
workers	NNS
,	,
therapists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
nurses	NNS
-	:
join	VB
forces	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
patient	NN
to	TO
create	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
effective	JJ
treatment	NN
plan	NN
.	.
Treatment	NNP
options	NNS
include	VBP
:	:
Individual	NNP
,	,
group	NN
and	CC
family	NN
psychotherapy	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
nutrition	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
exercise	NN
education	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
stress	NN
and	CC
anger	NN
management	NN
education	NN
and	CC
activity	NN
therapy	NN
.	.
South	NNP
Coast	NNP
Medical	NNP
Center	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
acute	JJ
care	NN
hospital	NN
offering	VBG
a	DT
full	JJ
spectrum	NN
of	IN
medical	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
24-hour	JJ
emergency	NN
care	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
medical	JJ
facility	NN
,	,
South	NNP
Coast	NNP
is	VBZ
able	JJ
to	TO
care	VB
for	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
specialized	JJ
medical	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
patients	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
,	,
or	CC
someone	NN
you	PRP
know	VBP
has	VBZ
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
call	VB
our	PRP$
program	NN
intake	NN
coordinator	NN
at	IN
(949) 499-7504	CD
to	TO
discuss	VB
treatment	NN
alternatives	NNS
and	CC
insurance	NN
coverage	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
insurance	NN
plans	NNS
provide	VBP
coverage	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
treatment	NN
.	.
Since	IN
1983	CD
,	,
Spruce	NNP
Mountain	NNP
Inn	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
offering	VBG
comprehensive	JJ
treatment	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
adults	NNS
and	CC
young	JJ
adults	NNS
with	IN
serious	JJ
pshchiatric	JJ
illness	NN
.	.
Clients	NNS
range	VBP
in	IN
age	NN
from	IN
17	CD
to	TO
40	CD
's	POS
and	CC
may	MD
have	VB
substance	NN
abuse	NN
problems	NNS
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
psychiatric	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
services	NNS
are	VBP
comprehensive	JJ
,	,
flexible	JJ
,	,
individualized	JJ
and	CC
are	VBP
offered	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
highly	RB
trained	VBN
staff	NN
in	IN
the	DT
context	NN
of	IN
a	DT
supportive	JJ
community	NN
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
both	DT
long	JJ
and	CC
short	JJ
term	NN
treatment	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
cost-effective	JJ
:	:
a	DT
continuum	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
with	IN
less	JJR
intensive	JJ
and	CC
less	RBR
costly	JJ
interventions	NNS
is	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
clients	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
make	VBP
progress	NN
.	.
Please	VB
use	VB
the	DT
link	NN
to	TO
our	PRP$
web-site	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
complete	JJ
program	NN
description	NN
and	CC
fee	NN
information	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
5	CD
day	NN
per	IN
week	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
7	CD
hours\/day	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
program	NN
designed	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
patients	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
medically	RB
stable	JJ
,	,
and	CC
have	VBP
acute	JJ
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
Anorexia	NNP
and\/or	CC
Bulimia	NNP
Nervosa	NNP
.	.
The	DT
foci	NNS
are	VBP
several	JJ
:	:
weight	NN
restoration	NN
and	CC
management	NN
;	:
normalizing	VBG
eating	VBG
behavior	NN
;	:
emotional	JJ
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
;	:
cognitive	JJ
restructuring	NN
;	:
family	NN
therapy	NN
;	:
medication	NN
management	NN
and	CC
group	NN
psychotherapy	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
insurances	NNS
cover	VBP
treatment	NN
costs	NNS
.	.
Stepping	VBG
Stones	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
Intensive	JJ
Outpatient	NNP
Program	NNP
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
group	NN
,	,
individual	JJ
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
,	,
nutritional	JJ
programming	NN
from	IN
a	DT
Licensed	VBN
Clinical	NNP
Dietician	NNP
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
operates	VBZ
within	IN
a	DT
Multi	NNP
Disciplinary	NNP
team	NN
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
onsite	NN
LPC	NNP
's	POS
,	,
an	DT
LD	NNP
,	,
addiction	NN
therapist	NN
and	CC
a	DT
designated	VBN
consulting	NN
psychiatrist	NN
,	,
a	DT
licensed	JJ
psychologist	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
cardiologist	NN
.	.
All	DT
treaters	NNS
have	VBP
acquired	VBN
either	CC
specialization	NN
and\/or	CC
specific	JJ
training	NN
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
heart	NN
of	IN
North	NNP
Dallas	NNP
in	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
suite	NN
at	IN
Medical	NNP
City	NNP
Dallas	NNP
.	.
Ages	NNPS
served	VBD
are	VBP
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
young	JJ
adults	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
ages	NNS
12	CD
thru	NN
25	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Two	CD
groups	NNS
exist	VBP
,	,
one	CD
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
ages	NNS
12-18	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
one	CD
for	IN
young	JJ
adults	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
ages	NNS
19	CD
thru	NN
late	RB
20	CD
's	POS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
adolescent	JJ
group	NN
meets	VBZ
3	CD
groups	NNS
weekly	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
late	JJ
afternoon\/evening	VBG
hours	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
week	NN
each	DT
client	NN
has	VBZ
one	CD
individual	NN
and	CC
also	RB
one	CD
family	NN
therapy	NN
session	NN
.	.
Weekly	NNP
nutritional	JJ
counseling	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Licensed	NNP
Dietician	NNP
are	VBP
also	RB
included	VBN
.	.
SummitRidge	NNP
,	,
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
not-for-profit	JJ
Gwinnett	NNP
Health	NNP
System	NNP
,	,
offers	VBZ
behavioral	JJ
health	NN
treatment	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
adults	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
Partial	JJ
Hospitalization	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
8	CD
hours\/day	NN
,	,
Monday-Friday	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
early	JJ
intervention	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
for	IN
adolescents	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
13-18	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
age	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
this	DT
,	,
our	PRP$
programs	NNS
include	VBP
inpatient	JJ
treatment	NN
,	,
partial	JJ
hospitalization\/day	JJ
treatment	NN
,	,
women	NNS
's	POS
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
,	,
intensive	JJ
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
for	IN
psychiatric	JJ
and	CC
addictive	JJ
diseases	NNS
,	,
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
and	CC
aftercare	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
offer	VBP
a	DT
mental	JJ
health\/substance	NN
abuse	NN
resource	NN
line	NN
,	,
770-822-2222	CD
,	,
that	DT
is	VBZ
staffed	VBN
by	IN
counselors	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
free	JJ
service	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
available	JJ
24-hours	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
,	,
seven	CD
days	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
.	.
All	DT
of	IN
our	PRP$
programs	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
accessed	VBN
through	IN
this	DT
number	NN
.	.
Please	VB
call	NN
,	,
help	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
.	.
Our	PRP$
primary	JJ
goal	NN
at	IN
The	DT
Bella	NNP
Vita	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
bring	VB
a	DT
healthy	JJ
balance	NN
back	RB
to	TO
your	PRP$
life	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
here	RB
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
discover	VBP
how	WRB
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
the	DT
inner	JJ
feelings	NNS
and	CC
emotions	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
trigger	VB
unhealthy	JJ
behavior	NN
.	.
We	PRP
address	VBP
more	JJR
than	IN
just	RB
the	DT
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
or	CC
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
.	.
We	PRP
understand	VBP
that	IN
each	DT
individual	NN
has	VBZ
different	JJ
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
drive	VB
their	PRP$
behavior	NN
.	.
So	IN
we	PRP
take	VBP
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
treating	VBG
you	PRP
,	,
the	DT
individual	NN
-	:
not	RB
just	RB
your	PRP$
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
unique	JJ
treatment	NN
programs	NNS
have	VBP
also	RB
been	VBN
developed	VBN
to	TO
serve	VB
you	PRP
on	IN
an	DT
individualized	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
We	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
better	RB
served	VBN
living	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
current	JJ
environment	NN
,	,
integrating	VBG
what	WP
you	PRP
learn	VBP
into	IN
your	PRP$
daily	JJ
life	NN
.	.
Learning	NNP
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
issues	NNS
head-on	RB
as	IN
you	PRP
encounter	VBP
them	PRP
.	.
And	CC
,	,
begin	VB
your	PRP$
healing	NN
.	.
At	IN
The	DT
Bella	NNP
Vita	NNP
we	PRP
assist	VBP
you	PRP
in	IN
healing	NN
from	IN
the	DT
inside	NN
out	RP
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
an	DT
on-going	JJ
process	NN
of	IN
teaching	NN
you	PRP
to	TO
stay	VB
in	IN
touch	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
feelings	NNS
and	CC
needs	NNS
.	.
Throughout	IN
this	DT
process	NN
,	,
our	PRP$
highly	RB
knowledgeable	JJ
and	CC
experienced	JJ
team	NN
helps	VBZ
you	PRP
deal	VBP
with	IN
the	DT
pressures	NNS
that	WDT
pull	VBP
you	PRP
towards	IN
unhealthy	JJ
behavior	NN
.	.
We	PRP
give	VBP
you	PRP
the	DT
tools	NNS
to	TO
think	VB
differently	RB
,	,
so	IN
you	PRP
learn	VBP
to	TO
behave	VB
differently	RB
.	.
Your	PRP$
challenge	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
take	VB
personal	JJ
responsibility	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
life	NN
,	,
learning	VBG
how	WRB
to	TO
trust	VB
others	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
free	JJ
yourself	PRP
from	IN
your	PRP$
disorder	NN
.	.
This	DT
in	IN
turn	NN
will	MD
bring	VB
about	RB
inner	JJ
peace	NN
and	CC
healing	NN
.	.
The	DT
Emily	NNP
Program	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
program	NN
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
comprehensive	JJ
psychological	JJ
,	,
nutritional	JJ
,	,
and	CC
medical	JJ
care	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
team	NN
of	IN
caring	VBG
professionals	NNS
develops	VBZ
an	DT
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
plan	NN
by	IN
combining	VBG
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
of	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
services	NNS
:	:
Group	NNP
Therapy	NNP
and	CC
Support	NN
Groups	NNS
,	,
Intensive	NNP
Outpatient	NNP
Program	NNP
,	,
Individual	NNP
Psychotherapy	NNP
,	,
Nutritional	NNP
Evaluation	NNP
and	CC
Counseling	NN
,	,
and	CC
Family	NNP
Therapy	NNP
.	.
Inpatient	JJ
residential	JJ
and	CC
outpatient	NN
intensive	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
particularly	RB
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
have	VBP
failed	VBN
previously	RB
in	IN
treatment	NN
.	.
Program	NN
is	VBZ
vartied	VBN
to	TO
individual	JJ
need	NN
and	CC
can	MD
be	VB
extended	VBN
at	IN
lower	JJR
care	NN
levels	NNS
until	IN
stable	JJ
functioning	NN
is	VBZ
achieved	VBN
.	.
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNP
Services	NNPS
The	DT
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Service	NNP
at	IN
The	DT
Priory	NNP
offers	VBZ
inpatient	NN
,	,
daycare	NN
and	CC
outpatient	NN
services	NNS
.	.
This	DT
world	NN
reknowned	JJ
hospital	NN
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
largest	JJS
private	JJ
treatment	NN
facilities	NNS
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
in	IN
Europe	NNP
offering	VBG
an	DT
intensive	JJ
specialist	NN
individual	NN
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
program	NN
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
a	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
primary	JJ
care	NN
,	,
secondary	JJ
care	NN
,	,
day	NN
care	NN
,	,
and	CC
aftercare	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
people	NNS
suffering	VBG
with	IN
all	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
addictive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
especially	RB
Anorexia	NNP
,	,
Bulimia	NNP
,	,
Overeating	NNP
and	CC
all	DT
associated	VBN
compulsive	JJ
disorders	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
accept	VBP
referals	NNS
from	IN
all	DT
sources	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
a	DT
`	``
no	DT
waiting	VBG
list	NN
'	''
policy	NN
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
collect	VB
people	NNS
for	IN
treatment	NN
from	IN
anywhere	RB
in	IN
England	NNP
and	CC
can	MD
admit	VB
patients	NNS
24	CD
hours	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
seven	CD
days	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
.	.
The	DT
Wilkins	NNP
Center	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
outpatient	NN
treatment	NN
center	NN
where	WRB
teams	NNS
of	IN
professionals	NNS
work	VBP
with	IN
patients	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
to	TO
tackle	VB
eating	NN
,	,
weight	NN
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
problems	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
mood	NN
and	CC
life	NN
difficulties	NNS
that	WDT
often	RB
go	VBP
along	RB
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
recognized	VBN
nationally	RB
for	IN
state-of-the-art	JJ
excellence	NN
and	CC
personalized	VBN
clinical	JJ
care	NN
,	,
treating	VBG
over	IN
3,500	CD
people	NNS
over	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
20	CD
years	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
outpatient	NN
and	CC
day	NN
treatment	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
children	NNS
and	CC
adolescents	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
program	NN
has	VBZ
JCAHO	VBN
accreditation	NN
,	,
and	CC
our	PRP$
services	NNS
are	VBP
covered	VBN
by	IN
many	JJ
insurance	NN
companies	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
wonderful	JJ
,	,
affordable	JJ
accomodations	NNS
for	IN
out	IN
of	IN
town	NN
families	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
call	VB
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
.	.
The	DT
therapeutically	RB
intensive	JJ
program	NN
of	IN
care	NN
at	IN
Rosewood	NNP
,	,
our	PRP$
experienced	JJ
staff	NN
and	CC
small	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
patients	NNS
enable	VBP
us	PRP
to	TO
treat	VB
women	NNS
whose	WP$
medical	JJ
condition	NN
is	VBZ
serious	JJ
and	CC
severe	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
provide	VBP
detoxification	NN
for	IN
those	DT
struggling	VBG
with	IN
chemical	NN
dependency	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
experienced	VBN
in	IN
treating	VBG
women	NNS
with	IN
other	JJ
addictive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
,	,
mood	NN
disorders	NNS
and	CC
personal	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
Rosewood	NNP
is	VBZ
licensed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NN
of	IN
Arizona	NNP
and	CC
accredited	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Joint	NNP
Commission	NNP
on	IN
Accreditation	NNP
of	IN
Healthcare	NNP
Organizations	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
the	DT
5	CD
``	``
i	FW
's	POS
''	''
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
in	IN
your	PRP$
recovery	NN
.	.
An	DT
intimate	JJ
setting	NN
,	,
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
,	,
integrated	VBN
team	NN
approach	NN
,	,
intensive	JJ
program	NN
and	CC
integrity	NN
.	.
Sharp	NNP
's	POS
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
12-week	JJ
intensive	JJ
partial	JJ
hospitalization	NN
program	NN
for	IN
both	DT
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
with	IN
anorexia	NN
and	CC
bulimia	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
provides	VBZ
a	DT
full	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
therapeutic	JJ
and	CC
educational	JJ
programming	NN
,	,
five	CD
days	NNS
per	IN
week	NN
,	,
with	IN
two	CD
supervised	JJ
meal	NN
periods	NNS
per	IN
day	NN
.	.
School	NNP
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
on	IN
site	NN
for	IN
the	DT
adolescents	NNS
.	.
Treatment	NNP
goals	NNS
are	VBP
achieved	VBN
by	IN
addressing	VBG
dysfunctional	JJ
thought	NN
patterns	NNS
,	,
and	CC
by	IN
teaching	NN
healthy	JJ
coping	VBG
techniques	NNS
.	.
Family	NNP
support	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
is	VBZ
enlisted	VBN
to	TO
increase	VB
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
disorder	NN
and	CC
to	TO
reduce	VB
the	DT
risk	NN
of	IN
relapse	NN
.	.
The	DT
interdisciplinary	JJ
team	NN
includes	VBZ
psychiatry	NN
,	,
internal	JJ
medicine	NN
,	,
psychology	NN
,	,
nursing	NN
,	,
recreation	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
.	.
Overeating	VBG
and	CC
Binge	NNP
Eating	NNP
:	:
Located	VBN
on	IN
21	CD
mostly	RB
wooded	JJ
acres	NNS
in	IN
Durham	NNP
,	,
North	NNP
Carolina	NNP
,	,
Structure	NNP
House	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
School	NNP
for	IN
Change	NNP
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
beautiful	JJ
,	,
yet	RB
convenient	JJ
setting	VBG
thousands	NNS
of	IN
people	NNS
from	IN
all	DT
walks	VBZ
of	IN
life	NN
have	VBP
changed	VBN
their	PRP$
minds	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
unique	JJ
approach	NN
has	VBZ
succeeded	VBN
where	WRB
diets	NNS
have	VBP
failed	VBN
.	.
Exlusive	NNP
Residential	NNP
Treatment	NNP
--	:
80	CD
classes	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
in	IN
behavior	NN
modification	NN
,	,
physical	JJ
therapy	NN
and	CC
nutrition	NN
,	,
meals	NNS
,	,
lodging	NN
,	,
group	NN
therapy.One-on-one	NNP
therapy	NN
available	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
both	DT
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
to	TO
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
in	IN
any	DT
phase	NN
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
insurance	NN
companies	NNS
cover	VBP
the	DT
fee	NN
's	POS
for	IN
this	DT
therapy	NN
and	CC
if	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
then	RB
a	DT
fee	NN
agreement	NN
can	MD
be	VB
negotiated	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
for	IN
10	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
prior	RB
to	TO
that	DT
worked	VBD
as	IN
a	DT
counselor	NN
for	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
psychiatric	JJ
hospital	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
recovery	NN
from	IN
many	JJ
years	NNS
spent	VBN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
bulimia	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
recovery	NN
from	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
is	VBZ
100	CD
%	NN
possible	JJ
and	CC
that	IN
a	DT
person	NN
can	MD
live	VB
a	DT
life	NN
free	JJ
of	IN
obsessions	NNS
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
eating	NN
behaviors	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Menninger	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Program	NNP
offers	VBZ
intensive	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
men	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
ages	NNS
12	CD
and	CC
older	JJR
who	WP
are	VBP
experiencing	VBG
the	DT
effects	NNS
of	IN
anorexia	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
obesity	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
,	,
or	CC
excessive	JJ
exercising	VBG
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
any	DT
underlying	VBG
psychiatric	JJ
disorders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
when	WRB
the	DT
individual	NN
is	VBZ
medically	RB
stable	JJ
,	,
and	CC
prepared	VBD
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
commitment	NN
to	TO
treatment	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
patients	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
program	NN
have	VBP
had	VBN
a	DT
long-standing	JJ
disorder	NN
complicated	VBN
by	IN
depression	NN
,	,
bipolar	JJ
disorder	NN
,	,
or	CC
substance	NN
abuse	NN
.	.
Others	NNS
have	VBP
n't	RB
responded	VBD
well	RB
to	TO
previous	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
Together	RB
,	,
the	DT
treatment	NN
team	NN
and	CC
patient	NN
develop	VB
and	CC
implement	VB
a	DT
realistic	JJ
but	CC
ambitious	JJ
treatment	NN
plan	NN
.	.
Therapies	NNS
,	,
measurements	NNS
of	IN
progress	NN
,	,
and	CC
an	DT
alliance	NN
with	IN
staff	NN
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
empower	VB
the	DT
patient	NN
to	TO
take	VB
responsibility	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
health	NN
and	CC
recovery	NN
while	IN
promoting	VBG
physical	JJ
and	CC
emotional	JJ
health	NN
.	.
The	DT
Victorian	JJ
,	,
located	VBN
in	IN
Newport	NNP
Beach	NNP
,	,
CA	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
treatment	NN
facility	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
afflicted	VBN
with	IN
bulimia	NN
,	,
anorexia	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
addictions	NNS
.	.
This	DT
unique	JJ
home	NN
for	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
lends	VBZ
itself	PRP
beautifully	RB
to	TO
providing	VBG
the	DT
tranquil	JJ
refuge	NN
individuals	NNS
often	RB
require	VBP
to	TO
continue	VB
with	IN
their	PRP$
personal	JJ
healing	NN
.	.
Just	RB
a	DT
short	JJ
walk	NN
to	TO
Newport	NNP
Harbor	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Pacific	NNP
Ocean	NNP
beaches	NNS
.	.
In	IN
honor	NN
of	IN
National	NNP
Eating	NNP
Disorders	NNPS
Awareness	NNP
Week	NNP
,	,
MySelfHelp.com	NNP
is	VBZ
offering	VBG
Something	NN
Fishy	JJ
visitors	NNS
a	DT
20	CD
%	NN
discount	NN
on	IN
its	PRP$
family	NN
of	IN
online	JJ
self-help	JJ
programs	NNS
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
depression	NN
,	,
stress	NN
,	,
insomnia	NN
,	,
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
,	,
grief	NN
,	,
compulsive	JJ
shopping	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
mental	JJ
health	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
Simply	RB
enter	VBP
NEDAW06	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
account	NN
code	NN
box	NN
when	WRB
registering	VBG
.	.
Eating	NNP
disorder	NN
screenings	NNS
will	MD
also	RB
take	VB
place	NN
from	IN
February	NNP
27	CD
-	:
March	NNP
4	CD
.	.
MySelfHelp.com	NN
programs	NNS
were	VBD
developed	VBN
in	IN
part	NN
through	IN
grants	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Institute	NNP
of	IN
Mental	NNP
Health	NNP
and	CC
recent	JJ
outcome	NN
studies	NNS
show	VBP
extremely	RB
significant	JJ
results	NNS
in	IN
reducing	VBG
binge	NN
and	CC
purge	NN
episodes	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
symptoms	NNS
of	IN
depression	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
research	NN
results	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
on	IN
program	NN
pages	NNS
at	IN
www.MySelfHelp.com	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
professional	JJ
counselor	NN
and	CC
a	DT
licensed\/registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
extensive	JJ
training	NN
and	CC
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
including	VBG
restrictive	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
and	CC
compulsive	JJ
overeating	NN
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
unique	JJ
approach	NN
combining	VBG
both	DT
psychotherapy	NN
and	CC
medical	JJ
nutritional	JJ
therapy	NN
.	.
Individual	NNP
and	CC
group	NN
therapy	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
.	.
My	PRP$
primary	JJ
interest	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
body-image	NN
,	,
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
depression	NN
for	IN
girls	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
ages	NNS
.	.
Having	VBG
struggled	VBN
with	IN
weight	NN
issues	NNS
all	DT
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
convinced	VBN
that	IN
self-acceptance	NN
and	CC
the	DT
realization	NN
of	IN
self-worth	NN
can	MD
be	VB
attained	VBN
at	IN
any	DT
weight	NN
.	.
While	IN
healthy	JJ
lifestyle	NN
changes	NNS
are	VBP
sugggested	VBN
and	CC
encouraged	VBN
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
the	DT
primary	JJ
focus	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
therapy	NN
.	.
Life	NNP
is	VBZ
meant	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
lived	VBN
TODAY	NNP
,	,
not	RB
at	IN
some	DT
point	NN
in	IN
the	DT
future	JJ
!	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
let	VB
your	PRP$
weight	NN
or	CC
poor	JJ
body-image	NN
stand	NN
in	IN
the	DT
way	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
hopes	NNS
and	CC
dreams	NNS
,	,
and	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
put	VB
off	RP
until	IN
tomorrow	NN
what	WP
you	PRP
can	MD
start	VB
today	NN
.	.
I	PRP
focus	VBP
extensively	RB
on	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
a	DT
healthy	JJ
theraputic	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
a	DT
client	NN
which	WDT
in	IN
turn	NN
allows	VBZ
a	DT
person	NN
to	TO
fully	RB
explore	VB
the	DT
underlying	VBG
issues	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
eating	JJ
disorder	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
appreciate	VBP
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
techniques	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
a	DT
person	NN
recover	VB
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
in	IN
the	DT
eating	VBG
disorder	NN
field	NN
most	RBS
recently	RB
as	IN
lead	NN
therapist	NN
at	IN
Rogers	NNP
Memorial	NNP
Hospital	NNP
's	POS
Eating	NNP
Disorder	NNP
Center	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
provide	VBP
individual	JJ
therapy	NN
using	VBG
an	DT
eclectic	JJ
,	,
individualized	JJ
treatment	NN
approach	NN
to	TO
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
psychoeducation	NN
,	,
cognitive	JJ
behavioral	JJ
,	,
and	CC
psychodynamic	JJ
therapies	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
coordinate	VBP
treatment	NN
as	IN
needed	VBN
with	IN
medical	JJ
and	CC
nutritional	JJ
experts	NNS
.	.
My	PRP$
name	NN
is	VBZ
Dr.	NNP
Roopal	NNP
Pujara	NNP
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
Licensed	VBN
Clinical	NNP
Psychologist	NNP
practicing	VBG
in	IN
Downers	NNP
Grove	NNP
,	,
Illinois	NNP
.	.
Reaching	VBG
out	RP
for	IN
psychotherapeutic	JJ
assistance	NN
can	MD
be	VB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
challenging	JJ
and	CC
helpful	JJ
connections	NNS
you	PRP
make	VBP
.	.
It	PRP
takes	VBZ
incredible	JJ
courage	NN
to	TO
recognize	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
experiencing	VBG
difficulty	NN
,	,
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
learn	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
yourself	PRP
,	,
and\/or	CC
understand	VB
what	WP
motivates	VBZ
your	PRP$
behaviors	NNS
.	.
As	IN
you	PRP
take	VBP
this	DT
step	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
extremely	RB
important	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
a	DT
psychologist	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
experience	NN
,	,
empathy	NN
,	,
and	CC
feels	VBZ
like	IN
a	DT
good	JJ
``	``
fit	NN
''	''
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
While	IN
my	PRP$
primary	JJ
theoretical	JJ
orientation	NN
is	VBZ
psychodynamic	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
utilize	VBP
an	DT
eclectic	JJ
and	CC
collaborative	JJ
approach	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
my	PRP$
clients	NNS
therapeutic	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
I	PRP
also	RB
use	VBP
CBT	NNP
,	,
bibliotherapy	NN
,	,
client	NN
centered	VBN
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
oriented	VBN
interventions	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
realm	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
wealth	NN
of	IN
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
patients	NNS
struggling	VBG
with	IN
emotional	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
grazing	NN
,	,
binge	NN
eating	NN
,	,
bulimia	NN
,	,
morbid	JJ
obesity	NN
,	,
and	CC
pre\/post	JJ
weight	NN
loss	NN
surgery	NN
.	.
The	DT
process	NN
of	IN
psychotherapy	NN
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
symptom	NN
reduction	NN
,	,
improved	VBN
emotional	JJ
functioning	NN
,	,
healthier	RBR
relationships	NNS
with	IN
others	NNS
,	,
greater	JJR
self-awareness	NN
,	,
among	IN
a	DT
multitude	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
benefits	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
over	IN
eight	CD
years	NNS
experience	NN
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
;	:
I	PRP
prefer	VBP
working	VBG
with	IN
adolescents	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
who	WP
experience	VBP
complusive	JJ
eating	NN
;	:
I	PRP
use	VBP
cognitive-behavioral	JJ
techniques	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
build	VB
coping	VBG
skills	NNS
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
stress	NN
and	CC
episodes	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
licensed	JJ
Marriage	NN
and	CC
Family	NNP
Therapist	NNP
and	CC
enjoy	VB
working	VBG
with	IN
adults	NNS
,	,
adolescents	NNS
,	,
families	NNS
and	CC
couples	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
family	NN
therapy	NN
,	,
adolescent	JJ
development	NN
and	CC
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
background	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
issues	NNS
including	VBG
:	:
depression	NN
,	,
low	JJ
self-esteem	NN
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
disordered	JJ
eating	NN
,	,
parenting	NN
challenges	NNS
,	,
abuse	NN
and	CC
life	NN
transitions	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
available	JJ
for	IN
consultation	NN
and	CC
look	VB
forward	RB
to	TO
supporting	VBG
you	PRP
in	IN
your	PRP$
healing	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
state	NN
licensed	VBD
psychotherapist	NN
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
healing	NN
through	IN
self-awareness	NN
,	,
acceptance	NN
,	,
and	CC
actualization	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
training	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
combines	NNS
conventional	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
with	IN
techniques	NNS
that	WDT
focus	VBP
and	CC
use	VBP
the	DT
connection	NN
between	IN
mind	NN
,	,
body	NN
and	CC
spirit	NN
.	.
Hypnotherapy	NNP
is	VBZ
also	RB
an	DT
option	NN
.	.
Experience	NN
includes	VBZ
work	NN
with	IN
compulsive	JJ
disorders	NNS
,	,
especially	RB
those	DT
related	VBN
to	TO
food	NN
issues	NNS
and	CC
body	NN
image	NN
distortion	NN
.	.
Please	VB
feel	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
call	VB
for	IN
a	DT
consultation	NN
.	.
Outpatient	NN
psychotherapy	NN
facility	NN
for	IN
treatment	NN
of	IN
bulimia	NN
,	,
anorexia	NN
and	CC
binge	NN
eating	NN
disorder	NN
.	.
We	PRP
were	VBD
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
treatment	NN
program	NN
for	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Individual	NNP
,	,
family	NN
,	,
group	NN
therapies	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
work	VBP
directly	RB
with	IN
problematic	JJ
eating	NN
behaviors	NNS
.	.
Therapists	NNS
throughout	IN
manhattan	NN
.	.
Insurances	NNS
and	CC
sliding	VBG
scale	NN
fees	NNS
available	JJ
.	.
Professional	NNP
,	,
caring	NN
,	,
confidential	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
Psychiatric	JJ
and	CC
Psychological	JJ
CareBaptist	NNP
Medical	NNP
CenterThis	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
Outpatient	NN
group	NN
practice	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
specialize	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
,	,
body	NN
image	NN
dissatisfaction	NN
and	CC
women	NNS
's	POS
issues	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
offer	VBP
individual	JJ
and	CC
family	NN
therapy	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
and	CC
coordinate	VB
care	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
health	NN
professionals	NNS
to	TO
offer	VB
a	DT
multidisciplinary	JJ
team	NN
approach	NN
for	IN
comprehensive	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Regina	NNP
Petterson	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
licensed	JJ
clinical	JJ
psychologist	NN
offering	NN
psychotherapy	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Brentwood	NNP
Area	NNP
of	IN
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
uses	VBZ
a	DT
psychodynamic	JJ
approach	NN
in	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
of	IN
eating	VBG
disorders	NNS
.	.
Psychodynamic	JJ
psychotherapy	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
experiential	JJ
,	,
in-depth	JJ
form	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
that	IN
explores	VBZ
the	DT
ways	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
past	JJ
experiences	NNS
and	CC
emotional	JJ
expectations	NNS
developed	VBN
in	IN
childhood	NN
have	VBP
contributed	VBN
to	TO
current	JJ
difficulties	NNS
in	IN
functioning	VBG
.	.
This	DT
form	NN
of	IN
treatment	NN
examines	VBZ
the	DT
complexities	NNS
of	IN
interpersonal	JJ
relationships	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
developing	VBG
relationship	NN
with	IN
the	DT
therapist	NN
.	.
To	TO
set	VB
up	RP
an	DT
appointment	NN
with	IN
Dr.	NNP
Petterson	NNP
,	,
call	NN
(310) 462-3134	CD
.	.
Each	DT
session	NN
lasts	VBZ
approximately	RB
50	CD
minutes	NNS
.	.
``	``
We	PRP
have	VBP
focused	VBN
a	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
on	IN
equity	NN
in	IN
education	NN
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
No	DT
Child	NN
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
,	,
''	''
said	VBD
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
Steve	NNP
Paine	NNP
.	.
``	``
Along	IN
with	IN
that	DT
,	,
we	PRP
must	MD
focus	VB
on	IN
ensuring	VBG
that	IN
our	PRP$
children	NNS
are	VBP
prepared	VBN
for	IN
tomorrow	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
responsible	JJ
for	IN
producing	VBG
students	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
read	VB
and	CC
write	VB
but	CC
these	DT
students	NNS
also	RB
must	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
analyze	VB
data	NNS
,	,
solve	VB
problems	NNS
and	CC
communicate	VBP
effectively	RB
.	.
''	''
Parent	NNP
Educator	NNP
Resource	NNP
Center	NNP
:	:
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
project	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
build	VB
partnerships	NNS
between	IN
parents	NNS
and	CC
educators	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	DT
children	NNS
receive	VBP
the	DT
highest	JJS
educational	JJ
opportunities	NNS
and	CC
achievement	NN
possible	JJ
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
maintains	VBZ
this	DT
web	NN
site	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
relevant	JJ
information	NN
concerning	VBG
Department	NNP
and	CC
statewide	JJ
educational	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
elementary	JJ
and	CC
secondary	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
invited	VBN
to	TO
browse	VB
this	DT
site	NN
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
download	VB
material	NN
displayed	VBN
on	IN
this	DT
site	NN
for	IN
non-commercial	JJ
purposes	NNS
only	RB
,	,
provided	VBD
you	PRP
also	RB
retain	VBP
all	DT
copyright	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
proprietary	JJ
notices	NNS
contained	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
materials	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
use	VB
the	DT
contents	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
site	NN
for	IN
commercial	JJ
purposes	NNS
,	,
without	IN
written	VBN
permission	NN
from	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
Neither	CC
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
nor	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
party	NN
involved	VBN
in	IN
creating	VBG
,	,
producing	VBG
,	,
or	CC
delivering	VBG
this	DT
site	NN
is	VBZ
liable	JJ
for	IN
any	DT
direct	JJ
,	,
incidental	JJ
,	,
consequential	JJ
,	,
indirect	JJ
,	,
or	CC
punitive	JJ
damages	NNS
arising	VBG
out	IN
of	IN
access	NN
to	TO
,	,
or	CC
use	NN
of	IN
,	,
this	DT
site	NN
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
also	RB
assumes	VBZ
no	DT
responsibility	NN
,	,
and	CC
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
held	VBN
liable	JJ
for	IN
any	DT
damages	NNS
to	TO
,	,
or	CC
viruses	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
infect	VB
,	,
computer	NN
equipment	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
property	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
using	VBG
,	,
browsing	VBG
,	,
or	CC
downloading	VBG
any	DT
materials	NNS
,	,
data	NNS
,	,
images	NNS
,	,
or	CC
text	NN
from	IN
this	DT
site	NN
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
contents	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
off-site	JJ
pages	NNS
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
sites	NNS
linked	VBN
from	IN
this	DT
site	NN
.	.
Linking	VBG
to	TO
off-site	JJ
pages	NNS
or	CC
sites	NNS
is	VBZ
at	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
risk	NN
.	.
Any	DT
communication	NN
or	CC
material	NN
you	PRP
transmit	VBP
to	TO
this	DT
site	NN
by	IN
electronic	JJ
mail	NN
or	CC
otherwise	RB
,	,
including	VBG
any	DT
data	NNS
,	,
questions	NNS
,	,
comments	NNS
,	,
suggestions	NNS
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
like	JJ
is	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
treated	VBN
as	RB
,	,
non-confidential	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
welcome	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
Curriculum	NNP
Technology	NNP
Resource	NNP
Center	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
hope	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
take	VBP
advantage	NN
of	IN
the	DT
resources	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
from	IN
our	PRP$
lending	NN
library	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
over	IN
4800	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
of	IN
the	DT
many	JJ
services	NNS
we	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
offer	VB
.	.
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
staff	NN
assigned	VBN
to	TO
mentor	NN
a	DT
new	JJ
employee	NN
.	.
This	DT
sheet	NN
provides	VBZ
basic	JJ
guidelines	NNS
to	TO
new	JJ
employees	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
office	NN
specific	JJ
information	NN
not	RB
covered	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Human	NNP
Resources	NNPS
orientation	NN
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Internal	NNP
Operations	NNP
provides	VBZ
fiscal	JJ
services	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
entities	NNS
:	:
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Cedar	NNP
Lakes	NNPS
Conference	NNP
Center	NNP
,	,
over	IN
twenty	CD
Institutional	JJ
Education	NNP
facilities	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
state	NN
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
's	POS
Office	NNP
of	IN
Educational	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
.	.
Our	PRP$
customers	NNS
also	RB
include	VBP
vendors	NNS
who	WP
conduct	VBP
business	NN
with	IN
any	DT
of	IN
these	DT
entities	NNS
.	.
Areas	NNS
of	IN
service	NN
include	VBP
:	:
cash	NN
management	NN
,	,
grants	NNS
management	NN
,	,
subrecipient	JJ
disbursements	NNS
,	,
purchasing	VBG
,	,
payment	NN
of	IN
claims	NNS
for	IN
programs	NNS
administered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Child	NNP
Nutrition	NNP
,	,
travel	NN
reimbursements	NNS
with	IN
or	CC
travel	VB
reimbursements	NNS
without	IN
stipends	NNS
paid	VBN
to	TO
consultants	NNS
,	,
accounts	NNS
payable	JJ
,	,
accounts	NNS
receivable	JJ
,	,
and	CC
payroll	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
has	VBZ
provided	VBN
training	NN
for	IN
over	IN
150	CD
K-1	JJ
schools	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
phonemic	JJ
awareness	NN
program	NN
as	IN
of	IN
August	NNP
2006	CD
.	.
This	DT
year	NN
will	MD
be	VB
spent	VBN
in	IN
maintaining	VBG
fidelity	NN
to	TO
the	DT
instruction	NN
in	IN
existing	VBG
schools	NNS
.	.
A	DT
new	JJ
training	NN
manual	NN
and	CC
brochure	NN
was	VBD
made	VBN
available	JJ
at	IN
a	DT
training	NN
held	VBD
August	NNP
10	CD
for	IN
representatives	NNS
from	IN
these	DT
schools	NNS
.	.
DIBELS	NNP
assessments	NNS
will	MD
replace	VB
the	DT
PALS	NNPS
as	IN
the	DT
evaluation	NN
tool	NN
.	.
Training	VBG
in	IN
its	PRP$
administration	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
on	IN
August	NNP
11	CD
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
,	,
click	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
icon	NN
above	IN
.	.
SAS	NNP
inSchool	NNP
will	MD
respond	VB
and	CC
ask	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
submit	VB
a	DT
more	RBR
detailed	JJ
application	NN
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
include	VB
school	NN
information	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
fax	NN
and	CC
phone	NN
numbers	NNS
,	,
password	NN
requests	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
A	DT
paper-based	JJ
worksheet	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
here	RB
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
collect	VB
the	DT
necessary	JJ
information	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
staff	NN
includes	VBZ
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
and	CC
Assistant	NNP
Director	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Federal	NNP
Programs	NNP
and	CC
Accountability	NNP
,	,
four	CD
Title	NN
I	PRP
coordinators	NNS
and	CC
four	CD
additional	JJ
staff	NN
members	NNS
for	IN
Even	RB
Start	NN
and	CC
Reading	VBG
First	NNP
.	.
The	DT
primary	JJ
responsibility	NN
of	IN
this	DT
staff	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
assist	VB
districts	NNS
and	CC
schools	NNS
in	IN
implementing	VBG
quality	NN
Title	NN
I	PRP
programs	NNS
.	.
A	DT
primary	JJ
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Troops	NNPS
to	TO
Teachers	NNPS
-LRB-	-LRB-
TTT	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
Program	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
recruit	VB
highly	RB
skilled	JJ
,	,
knowledgeable	JJ
teachers	NNS
for	IN
public	JJ
schools	NNS
,	,
especially	RB
those	DT
schools	NNS
serving	VBG
low-income	JJ
families	NNS
,	,
across	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
.	.
A	DT
goal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
TTT	NNP
Program	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
relieve	VB
teacher	NN
shortages	NNS
in	IN
specialization	NN
areas	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
math	NN
,	,
science	NN
,	,
special	JJ
education	NN
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
assist	VB
military	JJ
personnel	NNS
in	IN
making	VBG
successful	JJ
transitions	NNS
into	IN
second	JJ
careers	NNS
.	.
This	DT
support	NN
assists	VBZ
eligible	JJ
military	JJ
personnel	NNS
who	WP
hold	VBP
a	DT
Bachelor	NN
or	CC
advanced	VBN
degree	NN
from	IN
an	DT
accredited	VBN
institution	NN
or	CC
one	CD
year	NN
or	CC
more	JJR
of	IN
college	NN
with	IN
six	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
work	NN
experience	NN
in	IN
a	DT
career	NN
technical	JJ
field	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
registration	NN
and	CC
who	WP
are	VBP
choosing	VBG
to	TO
complete	VB
the	DT
academic	JJ
and	CC
certification	NN
requirements	NNS
to	TO
begin	VB
new	JJ
careers	NNS
as	IN
public	JJ
school	NN
teachers	NNS
.	.
Two	CD
forms	NNS
of	IN
financial	JJ
assistance	NN
are	VBP
provided	VBN
to	TO
qualified	VBN
participants	NNS
.	.
A	DT
stipend	NN
of	IN
up	RB
to	TO
$	$
5000	CD
may	MD
be	VB
awarded	VBN
to	TO
pay	VB
for	IN
expenses	NNS
required	VBN
to	TO
earn	VB
a	DT
teaching	NN
certificate	NN
or	CC
license	NN
.	.
Stipend	NNP
funds	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
pay	VB
for	IN
items	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
,	,
tuition	NN
,	,
registration	NN
fee	NN
,	,
books	NNS
,	,
and	CC
certification	NN
testing	NN
.	.
Eligible	JJ
participants	NNS
may	MD
also	RB
receive	VB
a	DT
bonus	NN
of	IN
up	RB
to	TO
$	$
10,000	CD
once	RB
employed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
qualifying	VBG
high	JJ
need	NN
school	NN
.	.
Participants	NNS
who	WP
accept	VBP
the	DT
financial	JJ
assistance	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
stipend	NN
and\/or	CC
bonus	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
must	MD
teach	VB
for	IN
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
three	CD
years	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
qualifying	VBG
high	JJ
need	NN
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
open	JJ
to	TO
those	DT
separating	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
military	JJ
as	IN
retirees	NNS
,	,
active	JJ
duty	NN
personnel	NNS
separating	VBG
with	IN
six	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
years	NNS
of	IN
service	NN
,	,
Reservist\/National	NNP
Guard	NNP
personnel	NNS
with	IN
ten	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
years	NNS
of	IN
credited	VBN
service	NN
toward	IN
retirement	NN
,	,
and	CC
those	DT
who	WP
separated	VBD
on\/after	NNP
January	NNP
8	CD
,	,
2002	CD
for	IN
physical	JJ
disability	NN
.	.
The	DT
last	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
service	NN
must	MD
be	VB
honorable	JJ
.	.
Active	JJ
duty	NN
personnel	NNS
may	MD
register	VB
for	IN
TTT	NNP
services	NNS
if	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
within	IN
one	CD
year	NN
of	IN
separation	NN
or	CC
retirement	NN
.	.
Virginia	NNP
Commission	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Standards	NNPS
is	VBZ
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
every	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
served	VBN
by	IN
competent	JJ
educators	NNS
who	WP
meet	VBP
rigorous	JJ
preparation	NN
and	CC
licensure	NN
standards	NNS
by	IN
recommending	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
standards	NNS
and	CC
practices	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
development	NN
and	CC
approval	NN
of	IN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
licensure	NN
and	CC
continuing	VBG
development	NN
of	IN
educational	JJ
personnel	NNS
.	.
Since	IN
its	PRP$
establishment	NN
,	,
the	DT
Professional	NNP
Practice	NNP
Panel	NNP
has	VBZ
made	VBN
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
revocation	NN
and\/or	CC
suspension	NN
of	IN
certificates	NNS
held	VBN
by	IN
educators	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
findings	NNS
of	IN
investigations	NNS
conducted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Commission	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Standards	NNP
addresses	NNS
issues	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
rigorous	JJ
teacher	NN
licensure	NN
and	CC
certification	NN
standards	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
challenge	NN
of	IN
providing	VBG
highly	RB
qualified	VBN
teachers	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
administrators	NNS
and	CC
higher	JJR
education	NN
faculty	NN
can	MD
and	CC
must	MD
work	VB
together	RB
to	TO
improve	VB
the	DT
education	NN
profession	NN
and	CC
to	TO
enhance	VB
educational	JJ
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
also	RB
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
must	MD
maintain	VB
effective	JJ
communication	NN
with	IN
the	DT
education	NN
community	NN
to	TO
sustain	VB
the	DT
high	JJ
quality	NN
education	NN
that	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
deserves	VBZ
and	CC
expects	VBZ
.	.
Its	PRP$
12	CD
members	NNS
include	VBP
nine	CD
citizens	NNS
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
governor	NN
and	CC
three	CD
non-voting	JJ
ex-officio	JJ
members	NNS
--	:
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Chancellor	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Higher	JJR
Education	NNP
Policy	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Chancellor	NNP
of	IN
Community	NNP
and	CC
Technical	NNP
College	NNP
Education	NNP
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
constitutional	JJ
officer	NN
who	WP
serves	VBZ
at	IN
the	DT
will	NN
and	CC
pleasure	NN
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
.	.
Board	NNP
members	NNS
serve	VBP
overlapping	VBG
terms	NNS
of	IN
nine	CD
years	NNS
,	,
and	CC
no	DT
more	JJR
than	IN
five	CD
citizen	NN
members	NNS
may	MD
belong	VB
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
political	JJ
party	NN
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
meets	VBZ
monthly	JJ
to	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
educational	JJ
policies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
elementary	JJ
and	CC
secondary	JJ
schools	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
establish	VB
the	DT
rules	NNS
that	WDT
carry	VBP
into	IN
effect	NN
state	NN
law	NN
regarding	VBG
education	NN
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
also	RB
has	VBZ
general	JJ
control	NN
,	,
supervision	NN
and	CC
management	NN
of	IN
the	DT
business	NN
and	CC
educational	JJ
affairs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Blind	NNP
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
establishes	VBZ
policies	NNS
and	CC
rules	NNS
to	TO
assure	VB
implementation	NN
of	IN
education	NN
goals	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
ensure	VB
the	DT
general	JJ
supervision	NN
,	,
oversight	NN
and	CC
monitoring	NN
of	IN
a	DT
thorough	JJ
and	CC
efficient	JJ
educational	JJ
system	NN
.	.
Quality	NNP
Counts	VBZ
2006	CD
,	,
a	DT
national	JJ
report	NN
card	NN
on	IN
public	JJ
education	NN
in	IN
the	DT
50	CD
states	NNS
,	,
ranked	VBD
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
as	IN
second	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
for	IN
its	PRP$
cumulative	JJ
average	NN
in	IN
standards	NNS
and	CC
accountability	NN
,	,
teacher	NN
quality	NN
,	,
school	NN
climate	NN
,	,
equity	NN
and	CC
spending	NN
.	.
Research	NN
shows	VBZ
that	IN
high	JJ
quality	NN
preschool	JJ
improves	VBZ
high	JJ
school	NN
graduation	NN
and	CC
college	NN
attendance	NN
rates	NNS
,	,
employment	NN
and	CC
earnings	NNS
and	CC
lessens	VBZ
future	JJ
crime	NN
and	CC
delinquency	NN
.	.
The	DT
State	NN
of	IN
Preschool	NNP
:	:
2005	CD
State	NNP
Preschool	NNP
Yearbook	NNP
compiled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Institute	NNP
for	IN
Early	NNP
Education	NNP
Research	NNP
at	IN
Rutgers	NNP
University	NNP
ranks	VBZ
all	DT
50	CD
states	NNS
on	IN
access	NN
to	TO
,	,
resources	NNS
for	IN
and	CC
quality	NN
of	IN
state	NN
preschool	JJ
initiatives	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
2004-2005	CD
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
publication	NN
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
is	VBZ
providing	VBG
better	JJR
access	NN
to	TO
preschool	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
dedicating	VBG
more	JJR
dollars	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
effort	NN
than	IN
most	JJS
other	JJ
states	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
country	NN
.	.
The	DT
Yearbook	NNP
follows	VBZ
a	DT
study	NN
published	VBN
late	RB
last	JJ
year	NN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Institute	NNP
for	IN
Early	NNP
Education	NNP
Research	NNP
that	WDT
found	VBD
that	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
Early	JJ
Childhood	NNP
Education	NNP
Program	NNP
for	IN
4-year-olds	NNS
showed	VBD
improvement	NN
in	IN
children	NNS
's	POS
early	JJ
language	NN
,	,
literacy	NN
and	CC
mathematical	JJ
development	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Paine	NNP
's	POS
vision	NN
for	IN
the	DT
future	NN
of	IN
education	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Mountain	NNP
State	NNP
includes	VBZ
providing	VBG
teachers	NNS
with	IN
research	NN
based	VBN
professional	JJ
development	NN
and	CC
strong	JJ
instructional	JJ
support	NN
.	.
One	CD
way	NN
to	TO
do	VB
this	DT
is	VBZ
through	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Board	NNP
Certified	NNP
Teachers	NNPS
process	NN
.	.
He	PRP
believes	VBZ
that	IN
National	NNP
Board	NNP
Certified	NNP
Teachers	NNPS
are	VBP
the	DT
foundation	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
21st	JJ
century	NN
vision	NN
.	.
bridging	VBG
the	DT
gap	NN
between	IN
what	WP
students	NNS
learn	VBP
today	NN
and	CC
what	WP
they	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
know	VB
to	TO
be	VB
successful	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
21st	JJ
century	NN
world	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
will	MD
live	VB
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Paine	NNP
has	VBZ
challenged	VBN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
teachers	NNS
to	TO
grow	VB
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
National	NNP
Board	NNP
Certified	NNP
Teachers	NNPS
to	TO
1,000	CD
by	IN
the	DT
2008-2009	CD
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Paine	NNP
earned	VBD
his	PRP$
undergraduate	JJ
degree	NN
from	IN
Fairmont	NNP
State	NNP
College	NNP
,	,
in	IN
Fairmont	NNP
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
furthered	VBD
his	PRP$
education	NN
by	IN
attending	VBG
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
University	NNP
where	WRB
he	PRP
received	VBD
his	PRP$
masters	NNS
in	IN
educational	JJ
administration	NN
and	CC
his	PRP$
doctorate	NN
in	IN
educational	JJ
leadership	NN
.	.
He	PRP
has	VBZ
completed	VBN
post-graduate	JJ
studies	NNS
at	IN
The	DT
Ohio	NNP
State	NNP
University	NNP
and	CC
at	IN
Marshall	NNP
University	NNP
.	.
Minimum	NNP
requirements	NNS
for	IN
Licensure	NN
of	IN
Professional\/Paraprofessional	NNP
Personnel	NNP
;	:
This	DT
legislative	JJ
rule	NN
establishes	VBZ
the	DT
minimum	NN
requirements	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
licensure	NN
of	IN
educational	JJ
personnel	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
employed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
preparation	NN
of	IN
individuals	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
ever-increasing	JJ
demands	NNS
placed	VBN
upon	IN
schools	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
children	NNS
such	JJ
that	IN
``	``
no	DT
child	NN
is	VBZ
left	VBN
behind	RP
''	''
is	VBZ
an	DT
enormous	JJ
task	NN
,	,
one	CD
that	WDT
nineteen	NN
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
located	VBN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
have	VBP
chosen	VBN
to	TO
undertake	VB
.	.
The	DT
nineteen	NN
institutions	NNS
currently	RB
offer	VBP
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
educator	NN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
WVBE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
to	TO
a	DT
host	NN
of	IN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
desire	VBP
to	TO
work	VB
in	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
's	POS
classrooms	NNS
.	.
These	DT
programs	NNS
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
and	CC
foster	VB
the	DT
knowledge	NN
,	,
skills	NNS
and	CC
dispositions	NNS
necessary	JJ
for	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
student	NN
support	NN
service	NN
personnel	NNS
and	CC
administrators	NNS
to	TO
deliver	VB
services	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
i.e.	FW
,	,
instructional	JJ
,	,
support	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
students	NNS
at	IN
all	DT
grade	NN
levels	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
elementary	JJ
,	,
middle	JJ
and	CC
secondary	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
WVDE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
has	VBZ
formed	VBN
a	DT
partnership	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Marcopolo	NNP
Foundation	NNP
that	WDT
will	MD
provide	VB
professional	JJ
development	NN
to	TO
teacher-trainers	NNS
across	IN
the	DT
state	NN
to	TO
help	VB
them	PRP
use	VB
Internet	NNP
resources	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
classroom	NN
with	IN
their	PRP$
students	NNS
.	.
MarcoPolo	NNP
teacher-trainers	NNS
commit	VBP
to	TO
conducting	VBG
MarcoPolo	NNP
training	NN
and\/or	CC
awareness	NN
sessions	NNS
with	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
technology	NN
coordinators	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
educators	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
school	NN
and\/or	CC
school	NN
district	NN
.	.
If	IN
,	,
after	IN
3	CD
school	NN
days	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
call	VBP
the	DT
toll-free	JJ
Helpline	NNP
number	NN
again	RB
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
a	DT
status	NN
report	NN
of	IN
action	NN
taken	VBN
from	IN
your	PRP$
information	NN
.	.
Remember	VB
,	,
you	PRP
'll	MD
only	RB
need	VB
to	TO
report	VB
your	PRP$
number	NN
--	:
not	RB
your	PRP$
name	NN
.	.
The	DT
next	JJ
request	NN
for	IN
proposal	NN
will	MD
be	VB
in	IN
April	NNP
2006	CD
.	.
Among	IN
other	JJ
things	NNS
,	,
the	DT
program	NN
supports	VBZ
an	DT
Office	NNP
for	IN
Coordination	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
of	IN
Homeless	NNP
Children	NNP
and	CC
Youths	NNP
in	IN
each	DT
State	NN
,	,
which	WDT
gathers	VBZ
comprehensive	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
homeless	JJ
children	NNS
and	CC
youths	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
impediments	NNS
to	TO
their	PRP$
regular	JJ
attendance	NN
at	IN
school	NN
.	.
These	DT
grants	NNS
also	RB
help	VBP
State	NNP
educational	JJ
agencies	NNS
ensure	VB
that	IN
homeless	JJ
children	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
preschoolers	NNS
and	CC
youths	NNS
,	,
have	VBP
equal	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
free	JJ
and	CC
appropriate	JJ
public	JJ
education	NN
.	.
States	NNS
must	MD
review	VB
and	CC
revise	VB
laws	NNS
and	CC
practices	NNS
that	WDT
impede	VBP
such	JJ
equal	JJ
access	NN
.	.
States	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
an	DT
approved	VBN
plan	NN
for	IN
addressing	VBG
problems	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
enrollment	NN
,	,
attendance	NN
,	,
and	CC
success	NN
of	IN
homeless	JJ
children	NNS
in	IN
school	NN
.	.
States	NNS
must	MD
also	RB
make	VB
competitive	JJ
subgrants	NNS
to	TO
local	JJ
educational	JJ
agencies	NNS
to	TO
facilitate	VB
the	DT
enrollment	NN
,	,
attendance	NN
,	,
and	CC
success	NN
in	IN
school	NN
of	IN
homeless	JJ
children	NNS
and	CC
youths	NNS
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
addressing	VBG
problems	NNS
due	JJ
to	TO
transportation	NN
needs	NNS
,	,
immunization	NN
and	CC
residency	NN
requirements	NNS
,	,
lack	NN
of	IN
birth	NN
certificates	NNS
and	CC
school	NN
records	NNS
,	,
and	CC
guardianship	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
push	NN
to	TO
reinvigorate	VB
civics	NNS
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
adopted	VBD
new	JJ
graduation	NN
requirements	NNS
beginning	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
Class	NN
of	IN
2008	CD
.	.
Seniors	NNS
must	MD
take	VB
a	DT
full-year	JJ
course	NN
that	WDT
covers	VBZ
government	NN
basics	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
personal	JJ
finance	NN
.	.
Unsuspecting	JJ
educators	NNS
across	IN
America	NNP
are	VBP
being	VBG
surprised	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
news	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
$	$
25,000	CD
awards	NNS
during	IN
emotional	JJ
all-school	JJ
assemblies	NNS
attended	VBN
by	IN
state	NN
and	CC
local	JJ
officials	NNS
,	,
students	NNS
,	,
peers	NNS
and	CC
community	NN
leaders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
teachers	NNS
can	MD
spend	VB
the	DT
money	NN
any	DT
way	NN
they	PRP
choose	VBP
.	.
Recipients	NNS
are	VBP
presented	VBN
with	IN
their	PRP$
$	$
25,000	CD
checks	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
Milken	NNP
Family	NNP
Foundation	NNP
National	NNP
Education	NNP
Conference	NNP
,	,
an	DT
all-expenses-paid	JJ
professional	JJ
development	NN
conference	NN
being	VBG
held	VBN
in	IN
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
.	.
They	PRP
also	RB
join	VBP
the	DT
Milken	NNP
Educator	NNP
Network	NNP
,	,
a	DT
coalition	NN
of	IN
top	JJ
educators	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
access	NN
to	TO
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
expert	JJ
resources	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
cultivate	VB
and	CC
expand	VB
innovative	JJ
programs	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
classrooms	NNS
,	,
schools	NNS
and	CC
districts	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
were	VBD
the	DT
ninth	JJ
state	NN
to	TO
have	VB
our	PRP$
No	DT
Child	NN
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
accountability	NN
plan	NN
approved	VBN
.	.
And	CC
we	PRP
recently	RB
became	VBD
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
states	NNS
to	TO
win	VB
wholesale	JJ
federal	JJ
approval	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
No	DT
Child	NN
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
assessment	NN
plan	NN
by	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
Little	JJ
or	CC
no	DT
mention	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
of	IN
bringing	VBG
all	DT
students	NNS
to	TO
above	IN
mastery	NN
and	CC
distinguished	JJ
levels	NNS
of	IN
performance	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
accomplishment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
quality	NN
mission	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
to	TO
prepare	VB
students	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
demands	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
21st	JJ
century	NN
.	.
Since	IN
the	DT
passage	NN
of	IN
the	DT
federal	JJ
No	DT
Child	NN
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
Act	NNP
of	IN
2001	CD
and	CC
its	PRP$
focus	NN
on	IN
student	NN
achievement	NN
,	,
some	DT
state	NN
have	VBP
short-changed	JJ
civics	NNS
education	NN
to	TO
spend	VB
more	JJR
time	NN
on	IN
core	NN
subjects	NNS
math	NN
and	CC
science	NN
.	.
Educators	NNP
sometimes	RB
forget	VB
about	IN
other	JJ
subjects	NNS
covered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
federal	JJ
law	NN
.	.
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
five	CD
of	IN
the	DT
11	CD
core	NN
subjects	NNS
outlined	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
No	NNP
Child	NNP
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
Act	NNP
are	VBP
social	JJ
studies-related	JJ
:	:
civics	NNS
,	,
government	NN
,	,
economics	NNS
,	,
history	NN
and	CC
geography	NN
.	.
Also	RB
last	JJ
year	NN
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
became	VBD
the	DT
second	JJ
state	NN
in	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
to	TO
join	VB
the	DT
Partnership	NNP
for	IN
21st	CD
Century	NNP
Skills	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Partnership	NNP
's	POS
framework	NN
puts	VBZ
a	DT
special	JJ
emphasis	NN
on	IN
civic	JJ
and	CC
economic	JJ
literacy	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
critical	JJ
thinking	NN
,	,
problem	NN
solving	VBG
,	,
communication	NN
skills	NNS
,	,
global	JJ
awareness	NN
and	CC
business	NN
literacy	NN
.	.
Studies	NNS
show	VBP
children	NNS
with	IN
poor	JJ
nutrition	NN
score	NN
lower	JJR
on	IN
vocabulary	NN
,	,
reading	NN
,	,
math	NN
and	CC
general	JJ
knowledge	NN
tests	NNS
.	.
Breakfast	NN
consumption	NN
improves	VBZ
alertness	NN
and	CC
mood	NN
,	,
word	NN
recall	NN
,	,
memory	NN
and	CC
lessens	VBZ
anxiety	NN
and	CC
irritability	NN
.	.
All	DT
school	NN
districts	NNS
that	WDT
receive	VBP
federal	JJ
funds	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
meal	NN
programs	NNS
must	MD
adopt	VB
local	JJ
wellness	JJ
policies	NNS
that	WDT
address	VBP
nutrition	NN
and	CC
physical	JJ
fitness	NN
by	IN
this	DT
fall	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
policies	NNS
also	RB
must	MD
include	VB
nutrition	NN
information	NN
for	IN
all	DT
foods	NNS
available	JJ
at	IN
school	NN
each	DT
day	NN
.	.
EDGE	NN
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
a	DT
growing	VBG
number	NN
of	IN
alternative	JJ
routes	NNS
young	JJ
people	NNS
are	VBP
taking	VBG
to	TO
earn	VB
a	DT
college	NN
degree	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
EDGE	NNP
,	,
many	JJ
career	NN
and	CC
technical	JJ
centers	NNS
have	VBP
agreements	NNS
that	WDT
allow	VBP
their	PRP$
students	NNS
to	TO
earn	VB
college	NN
credit	NN
at	IN
specific	JJ
institutions	NNS
.	.
Students	NNS
also	RB
take	VBP
Advanced	NNP
Placement	NNP
,	,
online	NN
and	CC
dual	JJ
credit	NN
courses	NNS
or	CC
enroll	VB
in	IN
local	JJ
colleges	NNS
.	.
County	NNP
teachers	NNS
,	,
county	NN
social	JJ
studies	NNS
coordinators	NNS
and	CC
higher	JJR
education	NN
members	NNS
will	MD
receive	VB
research-based	JJ
professional	JJ
development	NN
in	IN
civics	NNS
,	,
economics	NNS
,	,
entrepreneurship	NN
,	,
and	CC
geography	NN
as	RB
seen	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
21st	JJ
century	NN
lens	NN
.	.
Participants	NNS
will	MD
also	RB
learn	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
technology	NN
tools	NNS
necessary	JJ
to	TO
deliver	VB
the	DT
21st	JJ
century	NN
skills	NNS
and	CC
content	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
became	VBD
the	DT
second	JJ
state	NN
in	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
to	TO
join	VB
the	DT
Partnership	NNP
for	IN
21st	CD
Century	NNP
Skills	NNS
in	IN
November	NNP
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
Partnership	NNP
's	POS
framework	NN
puts	VBZ
a	DT
special	JJ
emphasis	NN
on	IN
information	NN
and	CC
communications	NNS
technology	NN
literacy	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
critical	JJ
thinking	NN
,	,
communication	NN
skills	NNS
,	,
global	JJ
awareness	NN
,	,
and	CC
business	NN
,	,
economic	JJ
and	CC
civic	JJ
literacy	NN
.	.
The	DT
scholars	NNS
were	VBD
chosen	VBN
for	IN
their	PRP$
academic	JJ
achievement	NN
,	,
artistic	JJ
excellence	NN
,	,
leadership	NN
,	,
citizenship	NN
,	,
service	NN
and	CC
contribution	NN
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
community	NN
.	.
They	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
honored	VBN
in	IN
Washington	NNP
,	,
D.C.	NNP
from	IN
June	NNP
24-27	CD
.	.
Up	IN
to	TO
141	CD
students	NNS
are	VBP
chosen	VBN
annually	RB
from	IN
among	IN
thousands	NNS
of	IN
outstanding	JJ
seniors	NNS
to	TO
become	VB
Presidential	NNP
Scholars	NNPS
.	.
About	IN
2,700	CD
students	NNS
were	VBD
identified	VBN
as	IN
candidates	NNS
this	DT
year	NN
from	IN
nearly	RB
2.8	CD
million	CD
graduating	NN
high	JJ
school	NN
seniors	NNS
.	.
Paine	NNP
has	VBZ
challenged	VBN
the	DT
Task	NNP
Force	NNP
to	TO
Improve	VB
Results	NNS
for	IN
High	NNP
Need	NNP
Populations	NNPS
to	TO
design	VB
a	DT
strategic	JJ
plan	NN
by	IN
July	NNP
31	CD
,	,
2006	CD
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
goal	NN
of	IN
increasing	VBG
student	NN
achievement	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
with	IN
unique	JJ
learning	NN
needs	VBZ
related	VBN
to	TO
disability	NN
,	,
economic	JJ
disadvantage	NN
and	CC
cultural	JJ
differences	NNS
.	.
As	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
award	NN
,	,
Maynus	NNP
received	VBD
$	$
10,000	CD
from	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Science	NNP
Foundation	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
administers	VBZ
the	DT
program	NN
,	,
and	CC
was	VBD
recognized	VBN
earlier	RBR
this	DT
month	NN
at	IN
an	DT
awards	NNS
ceremony	NN
during	IN
an	DT
all-expenses	RB
paid	VBN
trip	NN
to	TO
Washington	NNP
,	,
D.C.	NNP
The	NNP
week-long	JJ
celebration	NN
also	RB
included	VBD
professional	JJ
development	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
Recipients	NNS
receive	VBP
other	JJ
gifts	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
computer	NN
software	NN
and	CC
online	NN
teaching	NN
tools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
top-scoring	JJ
students	NNS
in	IN
each	DT
county	NN
receive	VB
the	DT
prestigious	JJ
award	NN
.	.
Each	DT
county	NN
has	VBZ
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
winners	NNS
.	.
The	DT
exam	NN
tests	NNS
student	NN
knowledge	NN
on	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
citizenship	NN
,	,
civics	NNS
and	CC
government	NN
,	,
economics	NNS
,	,
geography	NN
,	,
history	NN
and	CC
current	JJ
events	NNS
.	.
Research	NNP
indicates	VBZ
that	IN
remediation	NN
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
when	WRB
students	NNS
are	VBP
younger	JJR
and	CC
before	IN
patterns	NNS
of	IN
failure	NN
are	VBP
established	VBN
.	.
In	IN
1998	CD
,	,
the	DT
WV	NNP
Legislature	NNP
enacted	VBD
House	NNP
Bill	NNP
4306	CD
for	IN
the	DT
initiation	NN
of	IN
an	DT
extended	JJ
time	NN
competitive	JJ
grant	NN
program	NN
for	IN
K-4	JJ
reading	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
READS	NNP
was	VBD
established	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
an	DT
extended	JJ
instructional	JJ
time	NN
program	NN
to	TO
address	VB
achievement	NN
difficulties	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
prevent	VB
students	NNS
from	IN
performing	VBG
at	IN
grade	NN
level	NN
in	IN
kindergarten	NN
through	IN
grade	NN
four	CD
.	.
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
came	VBD
under	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
control	NN
in	IN
2005	CD
for	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
time	NN
in	IN
less	JJR
than	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
following	VBG
an	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audit	NNP
report	NN
which	WDT
cited	VBD
financial	JJ
,	,
personnel	NNS
,	,
and	CC
curriculum	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Most	JJS
importantly	RB
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
teachers	NNS
and	CC
principals	NNS
have	VBP
implemented	VBN
WV	NNP
Achieves	VBZ
,	,
our	PRP$
state	NN
NCLB	NNP
program	NN
,	,
exactly	RB
as	IN
intended	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
applaud	VBP
the	DT
efforts	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
,	,
teachers	NNS
,	,
principals	NNS
and	CC
central	JJ
office	NN
administrators	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
made	VBN
progress	NN
in	IN
closing	VBG
the	DT
achievement	NN
gaps	NNS
that	WDT
exist	VBP
among	IN
student	NN
sub-groups	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
refer	VBP
to	TO
this	DT
as	IN
accomplishing	VBG
the	DT
equity	NN
mission	NN
of	IN
NCLB	NNP
or	CC
,	,
in	IN
other	JJ
words	NNS
,	,
serving	VBG
the	DT
educational	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
typically	RB
under-served	JJ
student	NN
populations	NNS
.	.
Most	JJS
national	JJ
educators	NNS
agree	VBP
that	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
most	RBS
significant	JJ
contribution	NN
of	IN
NCLB	NNP
,	,
one	CD
that	IN
we	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
build	VB
upon	IN
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
But	CC
there	EX
is	VBZ
another	DT
mission	NN
in	IN
public	JJ
education	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
not	RB
being	VBG
accomplished	VBN
under	IN
NCLB	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
what	WP
I	PRP
refer	VBP
to	TO
as	IN
the	DT
quality	NN
mission	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
about	IN
bringing	VBG
all	DT
students	NNS
to	TO
high	JJ
levels	NNS
of	IN
performance	NN
,	,
not	RB
just	RB
aiming	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
middle	NN
as	IN
is	VBZ
the	DT
emphasis	NN
of	IN
NCLB	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
this	DT
mission	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
better	RBR
measured	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
NAEP	NNP
assessment	NN
.	.
The	DT
regulations	NNS
and	CC
guidelines	NNS
of	IN
NCLB	NNP
,	,
as	IN
feared	VBN
by	IN
numerous	JJ
national	JJ
education	NN
experts	NNS
,	,
inhibit	VBP
the	DT
accomplishment	NN
of	IN
this	DT
quality	NN
mission	NN
since	IN
emphasis	NN
is	VBZ
placed	VBN
on	IN
simply	RB
bringing	VBG
all	DT
students	NNS
to	TO
mastery	NN
levels	NNS
of	IN
performance	NN
.	.
Little	JJ
or	CC
no	DT
mention	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
of	IN
bringing	VBG
all	DT
students	NNS
to	TO
above	IN
mastery	NN
and	CC
distinguished	JJ
levels	NNS
of	IN
performance	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
accomplishment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
quality	NN
mission	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
prepare	VB
students	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
demands	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
21st	JJ
century	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
basic	JJ
skills	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
think	VB
,	,
to	TO
problem	NN
solve	VB
,	,
to	TO
communicate	VB
and	CC
to	TO
use	VB
digital	JJ
technology	NN
that	WDT
ensure	VB
our	PRP$
students	NNS
?	.
success	NN
in	IN
the	DT
21st	JJ
century	NN
.	.
So	RB
how	WRB
are	VBP
we	PRP
addressing	VBG
the	DT
discrepancies	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
two	CD
tests	NNS
?	.
Before	IN
NAEP	NNP
results	NNS
were	VBD
released	VBN
,	,
we	PRP
had	VBD
begun	VBN
formulating	VBG
plans	NNS
realizing	VBG
that	IN
there	EX
were	VBD
negative	JJ
unintended	JJ
consequences	NNS
of	IN
NCLB	NNP
.	.
After	IN
the	DT
NAEP	NNP
release	NN
,	,
our	PRP$
conviction	NN
was	VBD
confirmed	VBN
and	CC
our	PRP$
actions	NNS
intensified	VBD
.	.
We	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
committed	VBN
to	TO
creating	VBG
the	DT
best	JJS
educational	JJ
system	NN
in	IN
the	DT
country	NN
.	.
If	IN
we	PRP
do	VBP
so	RB
NCLB	NNP
will	MD
take	VB
care	NN
of	IN
itself	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
appreciate	VBP
the	DT
opportunity	NN
through	IN
this	DT
response	NN
to	TO
briefly	NN
share	NN
these	DT
plans	NNS
.	.
Rarely	RB
in	IN
public	JJ
education	NN
have	VBP
I	PRP
seen	VBN
such	JJ
commitment	NN
across	IN
political	JJ
and	CC
organizational	JJ
levels	NNS
as	IN
with	IN
this	DT
Partnership	NNP
.	.
This	DT
uniting	NN
of	IN
efforts	NNS
and	CC
vision	NN
gives	VBZ
me	PRP
great	JJ
optimism	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
students	NNS
have	VBP
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
be	VB
prepared	VBN
to	TO
compete	VB
globally	RB
with	IN
any	DT
student	NN
,	,
any	DT
place	NN
,	,
any	DT
time	NN
.	.
Through	IN
this	DT
Partnership	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
personally	RB
committed	VBN
to	TO
seeing	VBG
that	IN
this	DT
happens	VBZ
.	.
Meaningful	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
time	NN
for	IN
collaboration	NN
,	,
professional	JJ
development	NN
,	,
instruction	NN
,	,
planning	VBG
that	DT
is	VBZ
sustained	VBN
,	,
research	NN
based	VBN
and	CC
will	MD
include	VB
pre-service	JJ
and	CC
higher	JJR
education	NN
,	,
addressing	VBG
full	JJ
integration	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
.	.
The	DT
three-day	JJ
symposium	NN
includes	VBZ
presentations	NNS
from	IN
several	JJ
national	JJ
reading	NN
experts	NNS
\*	SYM
.	.
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
Steve	NNP
Paine	NNP
and	CC
First	NNP
Lady	NNP
Gayle	NNP
Manchin	NNP
will	MD
also	RB
be	VB
on-hand	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
event	NN
.	.
Other	JJ
highlights	VBZ
include	VBP
a	DT
book	NN
swap	NN
and	CC
education	NN
marketplace	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
sponsored	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Reading	VBG
Association	NNP
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
reading	VBG
teachers	NNS
are	VBP
nationally	RB
recognized	VBN
for	IN
their	PRP$
commitment	NN
to	TO
reading	NN
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
fourth	JJ
consecutive	JJ
year	NN
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
has	VBZ
received	VBN
the	DT
Five	CD
Star	NNP
Policy	NNP
Award	NNP
given	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Reading	VBG
Association	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Five	CD
Star	NNP
Policy	NNP
Award	NNP
is	VBZ
given	VBN
to	TO
states	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
demonstrated	VBN
that	IN
they	PRP
guarantee	VBP
quality	NN
education	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
by	IN
implementing	VBG
excellent	JJ
reading	NN
policies	NNS
,	,
programs	NNS
and	CC
initiatives	NNS
.	.
March	NNP
is	VBZ
celebrated	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
level	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
,	,
as	IN
a	DT
time	NN
to	TO
celebrate	VB
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
four	CD
disciplines	NNS
.	.
National	NNP
Youth	NNP
Art	NNP
Month	NNP
,	,
Music	NNP
in	IN
Our	PRP$
Schools	NNS
Month	NNP
and	CC
Theatre	NNP
in	IN
our	PRP$
Schools	NNS
Month	NNP
will	MD
all	DT
be	VB
recognized	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
month	NN
of	IN
March	NNP
.	.
The	DT
event	NN
will	MD
showcase	NN
the	DT
culinary	JJ
talents	NNS
and	CC
foodservice	NN
management	NN
savvy	NN
of	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
from	IN
all	DT
over	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
,	,
second	JJ
,	,
and	CC
third	JJ
place	NN
teams	NNS
will	MD
receive	VB
scholarships	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
total	NN
of	IN
nine	CD
post-secondary	JJ
schools	NNS
including	VBG
Johnson	NNP
&	CC
Wales	NNP
University	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Culinary	NNP
Institute	NNP
of	IN
America	NNP
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
place	NN
team	NN
from	IN
both	DT
the	DT
management	NN
and	CC
culinary	JJ
competitions	NNS
will	MD
represent	VB
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Competition	NNP
in	IN
Charlotte	NNP
,	,
North	NNP
Carolina	NNP
in	IN
late	JJ
April	NNP
.	.
Examine	VB
curriculum	NN
and	CC
instructional	JJ
strategies	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
level	NN
of	IN
learning	NN
is	VBZ
attained	VBN
and	CC
provide	VB
authentic	JJ
assessments	NNS
for	IN
qualitative	JJ
measurements	NNS
rather	RB
than	IN
for	IN
ranking	JJ
and	CC
sorting	VBG
.	.
Time	NNP
:	:
for	IN
staff	NN
development	NN
;	:
to	TO
meet	VB
with	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
colleagues	NNS
;	:
to	TO
teach	VB
,	,
learn	VB
and	CC
coordinate	VB
new	JJ
skills	NNS
;	:
meet	VB
and	CC
plan	VB
within	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
school	NN
calendar	NN
;	:
become	VB
immersed	VBN
in	IN
tools	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
available	JJ
.	.
In	IN
November	NNP
2005	CD
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Governor	NNP
Joe	NNP
Manchin	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
announced	VBD
a	DT
joint	JJ
effort	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Partnership	NNP
for	IN
21st	CD
Century	NNP
Skills	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
powerful	JJ
statewide	JJ
vision	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
every	DT
child	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
succeeds	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
citizen	NN
,	,
worker	NN
and	CC
leader	NN
in	IN
the	DT
21st	JJ
century	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
second	JJ
state	NN
to	TO
implement	VB
the	DT
Partnership	NNP
's	POS
21st	JJ
century	NN
model	NN
for	IN
teaching	NN
and	CC
learning	NN
.	.
The	DT
Partnership	NNP
's	POS
framework	NN
emphasizes	VBZ
information	NN
and	CC
communications	NNS
technology	NN
literacy	NN
,	,
critical	JJ
thinking	NN
,	,
communication	NN
skills	NNS
,	,
global	JJ
awareness	NN
,	,
and	CC
business	NN
,	,
economic	JJ
and	CC
civic	JJ
literacy	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
received	VBD
an	DT
above	JJ
average	JJ
grade	NN
in	IN
teacher	NN
quality	NN
earning	VBG
a	DT
B.	NNP
One	CD
of	IN
only	RB
15	CD
states	NNS
to	TO
require	VB
and	CC
finance	VB
mentoring	VBG
for	IN
new	JJ
teachers	NNS
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
earned	VBD
full	JJ
credit	NN
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
professional	JJ
support	NN
and	CC
training	NN
of	IN
teachers	NNS
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
scored	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
average	NN
in	IN
school	NN
climate	NN
by	IN
earning	VBG
a	DT
C	NNP
+	NN
.	.
The	DT
state	NN
did	VBD
very	RB
well	RB
on	IN
measures	NNS
of	IN
facilities	NNS
and	CC
school	NN
and	CC
class	NN
size	NN
,	,
earning	VBG
full	JJ
credit	NN
in	IN
those	DT
areas	NNS
.	.
But	CC
according	VBG
to	TO
Quality	NNP
Counts	VBZ
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
did	VBD
not	RB
fair	JJ
as	RB
well	RB
in	IN
school	NN
choice	NN
and	CC
autonomy	NN
for	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
limited	JJ
open-enrollment	NN
program	NN
and	CC
lacking	VBG
a	DT
charter	NN
school	NN
law	NN
.	.
Daniel	NNP
Barbero	NNP
a	DT
resident	NN
of	IN
Morgantown	NNP
,	,
Monongalia	NNP
County	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
the	DT
elected	VBN
representative	NN
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Governor	NNP
's	POS
School	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Arts	NNS
Advisory	NNP
Council	NNP
at	IN
Morgantown	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Honor	NNP
Society	NNP
,	,
a	DT
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
Winner	NNP
,	,
a	DT
one	CD
year	NN
assistant	NN
to	TO
a	DT
delegate	NN
of	IN
the	DT
WV	NNP
House	NNP
of	IN
Delegates	NNPS
,	,
page	NN
in	IN
the	DT
WV	NNP
House	NNP
of	IN
Delegates	NNPS
and	CC
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Science	NNP
Honorary	NNP
.	.
Daniel	NNP
volunteers	NNS
extensively	RB
for	IN
Habitat	NNP
for	IN
Humanity	NNP
and	CC
served	VBD
as	IN
interpreter	NN
and	CC
general	JJ
assistant	NN
on	IN
a	DT
Guatemala	NNP
trip	NN
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
Engineers	NNS
Without	IN
Borders	NNS
.	.
This	DT
month	NN
,	,
100	CD
unsuspecting	JJ
educators	NNS
across	IN
America	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
surprised	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
news	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
$	$
25,000	CD
awards	NNS
?	.
which	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
any	DT
way	NN
they	PRP
choose	VBP
?	.
during	IN
emotional	JJ
all-school	JJ
assemblies	NNS
attended	VBN
by	IN
state	NN
and	CC
local	JJ
officials	NNS
,	,
students	NNS
,	,
peers	NNS
and	CC
community	NN
leaders	NNS
.	.
Numerous	JJ
outstanding	JJ
national	JJ
and	CC
state	NN
speakers	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
featured	VBN
at	IN
general	JJ
sessions	NNS
,	,
clinics	NNS
and	CC
practitioner	NN
breakout	NN
sessions	NNS
.	.
As	IN
in	IN
previous	JJ
conferences	NNS
,	,
``	``
team	NN
meetings	NNS
''	''
will	MD
be	VB
arranged	VBN
for	IN
team	NN
reflection	NN
,	,
assessment	NN
and	CC
planning	NN
.	.
Since	IN
special	JJ
attention	NN
will	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
building	VBG
improvement	NN
capacity	NN
within	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
,	,
each	DT
district	NN
is	VBZ
asked	VBN
to	TO
bring	VB
at	IN
least	JJS
one	CD
elementary	JJ
,	,
one	CD
middle	NN
and	CC
one	CD
high	JJ
school	NN
principal	NN
to	TO
the	DT
conference	NN
.	.
The	DT
Champion	NNP
Schools	NNP
Program	NNP
will	MD
validate	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
by	IN
tying	VBG
results	NNS
directly	RB
to	TO
assessment	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
first	JJ
SAS	NNP
inSchool	NNP
statewide	JJ
program	NN
in	IN
the	DT
country	NN
to	TO
associate	JJ
state	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
assessment	NN
to	TO
Curriculum	NNP
Pathways	NNP
content	NN
.	.
Last	JJ
month	NN
,	,
nearly	RB
100	CD
students	NNS
from	IN
across	IN
the	DT
Kanawha	NNP
Valley	NNP
began	VBD
a	DT
month-long	JJ
summer	NN
educational	JJ
program	NN
.	.
Representing	VBG
nearly	RB
20	CD
different	JJ
language	NN
and	CC
cultural	JJ
backgrounds	NNS
,	,
these	DT
students	NNS
attended	VBD
the	DT
Ninth	NNP
Annual	JJ
Summer	NNP
English	NNP
as	IN
Second	NNP
Language	NNP
program	NN
designed	VBN
to	TO
improve	VB
their	PRP$
English	JJ
language	NN
and	CC
academic	JJ
skills	NNS
.	.
Students	NNS
ranged	VBD
in	IN
ages	NNS
from	IN
four	CD
to	TO
64	CD
.	.
Access	NN
to	TO
Quality	NNP
Early	NNP
Education	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
Policy	NNP
2525	CD
sets	VBZ
the	DT
standards	NNS
for	IN
implementing	VBG
high	JJ
quality	NN
universal	JJ
pre-kindergarten	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
This	DT
policy	NN
covers	VBZ
all	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
preschool	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
any	DT
community	NN
program	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
Head	NNP
Start	NNP
or	CC
child	NN
care	NN
that	WDT
contracts	VBZ
with	IN
the	DT
county	NN
school	NN
system	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
WV	NNP
Pre-k	NNP
classroom	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
tackled	VBD
the	DT
issue	NN
following	VBG
the	DT
reauthorization	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Individuals	NNS
with	IN
Disabilities	NNP
Education	NNP
Act	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
IDEA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
which	WDT
requires	VBZ
special	JJ
education	NN
teachers	NNS
providing	VBG
direct	JJ
instruction	NN
in	IN
core	NN
academic	JJ
subjects	NNS
to	TO
demonstrate	VB
subject	JJ
competency	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
definition	NN
of	IN
highly	RB
qualified	VBN
special	JJ
education	NN
teacher	NN
.	.
Comprised	VBN
of	IN
19	CD
members	NNS
,	,
the	DT
CPTS	NNP
was	VBD
established	VBN
in	IN
1997	CD
to	TO
form	VB
an	DT
alliance	NN
between	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
education	NN
profession	NN
.	.
It	PRP
serves	VBZ
in	IN
an	DT
advisory	JJ
capacity	NN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
on	IN
matters	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
teacher	NN
preparation	NN
,	,
certification	NN
,	,
licensure	NN
and	CC
professional	JJ
development	NN
.	.
Policy	NN
2510	CD
was	VBD
revised	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
physical	JJ
education	NN
legislation	NN
that	WDT
call	VBP
for	IN
schools	NNS
containing	VBG
grades	NNS
kindergarten	NN
through	IN
twelve	CD
to	TO
redesign	VB
school	NN
schedules	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
required	JJ
minutes	NNS
of	IN
physical	JJ
education	NN
.	.
The	DT
full	JJ
Board	NNP
,	,
acting	VBG
as	IN
the	DT
Search	NNP
Committee	NNP
,	,
began	VBD
its	PRP$
nationwide	JJ
superintendent	NN
search	NN
following	VBG
the	DT
retirement	NN
announcement	NN
in	IN
March	NNP
by	IN
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
David	NNP
Stewart	NNP
.	.
Stewart	NNP
is	VBZ
scheduled	VBN
to	TO
step	VB
down	RB
from	IN
his	PRP$
post	NN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
June	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Search	NNP
Committee	NNP
remains	VBZ
committed	JJ
to	TO
naming	VBG
a	DT
new	JJ
superintendent	NN
by	IN
June	NNP
30	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
Revisions	NNS
are	VBP
necessary	JJ
in	IN
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
to	TO
reflect	VB
changes	NNS
in	IN
both	DT
state	NN
and	CC
federal	JJ
legislation	NN
regarding	VBG
alternative	JJ
routes	NNS
to	TO
certification	NN
and	CC
highly	RB
qualified	VBN
special	JJ
education	NN
teacher	NN
.	.
Revisions	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
necessary	JJ
to	TO
help	VB
ensure	VB
that	IN
all	DT
teacher	NN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
contain	VBP
the	DT
academic	JJ
rigor	NN
necessary	JJ
for	IN
graduates	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
approved	VBD
teacher	NN
education	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Language	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
added	VBN
which	WDT
clarifies	VBZ
that	IN
student	NN
teaching	NN
must	MD
occur	VB
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
ten	CD
Interstate	NNP
Teacher	NN
Assessment	NNP
and	CC
Support	NN
Consortium	NNP
principles	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
included	VBN
as	IN
standards	NNS
which	WDT
all	DT
initial	JJ
teacher	NN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
must	MD
meet	VB
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
the	DT
National	NNP
Education	NNP
Technology	NNP
Standards	NNP
for	IN
Teachers	NNPS
as	IN
identified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Society	NNP
for	IN
Technology	NNP
in	IN
Education	NNP
have	VBP
been	VBN
included	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
technology	NN
standards	NNS
all	DT
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
must	MD
address	VB
.	.
A	DT
statewide	JJ
stakeholder	NN
committee	NN
has	VBZ
reviewed	VBN
and	CC
has	VBZ
recommended	VBN
these	DT
revisions	NNS
.	.
Revisions	NNS
are	VBP
needed	VBN
in	IN
Policy	NNP
5202	CD
to	TO
reflect	VB
changes	NNS
in	IN
both	DT
state	NN
and	CC
federal	JJ
legislation	NN
regarding	VBG
alternative	JJ
routes	NNS
to	TO
certification	NN
,	,
the	DT
out-of-state	JJ
certificate	NN
of	IN
eligibility	NN
,	,
highly	RB
qualified	VBN
special	JJ
education	NN
teacher	NN
and	CC
consultative	JJ
special	JJ
education	NN
teacher	NN
.	.
Language	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
included	VBN
in	IN
Policy	NNP
5202	CD
to	TO
allow	VB
a	DT
curriculum\/cultural	JJ
enrichment	NN
authorization	NN
certificate	NN
that	WDT
enables	VBZ
counties	NNS
to	TO
employ	VB
persons	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
courses	NNS
in	IN
areas\/topics	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
not	RB
covered	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
curriculum	NN
.	.
Language	NN
has	VBZ
also	RB
been	VBN
added	VBN
to	TO
allow	VB
teachers	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
certified	VBN
in	IN
Multi-Subjects	NNP
K-8	NNP
to	TO
obtain	VB
a	DT
renewable	JJ
temporary	JJ
authorization	NN
to	TO
teach	VB
reading	VBG
to	TO
students	NNS
in	IN
grades	NNS
seven	CD
and	CC
eight	CD
,	,
should	MD
no	DT
fully	RB
certified	VBN
reading	NN
teacher	NN
be	VB
available	JJ
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
minor	JJ
revisions	NNS
are	VBP
needed	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
make	VB
formatting	NN
and	CC
editing	NN
changes	NNS
.	.
A	DT
statewide	JJ
stakeholder	NN
committee	NN
has	VBZ
reviewed	VBN
and	CC
has	VBZ
recommended	VBN
these	DT
revisions	NNS
.	.
Its	PRP$
twelve	CD
members	NNS
include	VBP
nine	CD
citizens	NNS
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
governor	NN
and	CC
three	CD
non-voting	JJ
ex-officio	JJ
members	NNS
--	:
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Chancellor	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Higher	JJR
Education	NNP
Policy	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Chancellor	NNP
of	IN
Community	NNP
and	CC
Technical	NNP
Education	NNP
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
constitutional	JJ
officer	NN
who	WP
serves	VBZ
at	IN
the	DT
will	NN
and	CC
pleasure	NN
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
.	.
Board	NNP
members	NNS
serve	VBP
overlapping	VBG
terms	NNS
of	IN
nine	CD
years	NNS
,	,
and	CC
no	DT
more	JJR
than	IN
five	CD
citizen	NN
members	NNS
may	MD
belong	VB
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
political	JJ
party	NN
.	.
The	DT
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
Test	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
administered	VBN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
each	DT
year	NN
since	IN
1931	CD
and	CC
is	VBZ
the	DT
longest	JJS
running	VBG
program	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
kind	NN
in	IN
any	DT
state	NN
.	.
The	DT
top-scoring	JJ
students	NNS
in	IN
each	DT
county	NN
receive	VB
the	DT
prestigious	JJ
award	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
began	VBD
his	PRP$
career	NN
in	IN
education	NN
in	IN
1972	CD
as	IN
an	DT
elementary	JJ
teacher	NN
and	CC
later	RB
served	VBD
as	IN
an	DT
elementary	JJ
school	NN
principal	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
worked	VBD
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
and	CC
Delaware	NNP
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
15	CD
years	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
purchasing	NN
,	,
finance	NN
,	,
business	NN
,	,
accounting	NN
and	CC
as	IN
treasurer	NN
.	.
In	IN
1990	CD
,	,
he	PRP
became	VBD
assistant	JJ
superintendent	NN
for	IN
a	DT
county	NN
school	NN
system	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
and	CC
was	VBD
named	VBN
a	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
in	IN
1993	CD
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Legislature	NNP
proposed	VBD
the	DT
Pension	NNP
Bond	NNP
Amendment	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
state	NN
Constitution	NNP
authorizing	VBG
the	DT
sale	NN
of	IN
state	NN
general	JJ
obligation	NN
bonds	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
amount	NN
not	RB
exceeding	VBG
five	CD
billion	CD
five	CD
hundred	CD
million	CD
dollars	NNS
.	.
If	IN
ratified	VBN
,	,
the	DT
amendment	NN
will	MD
save	VB
the	DT
state	NN
hundreds	NNS
of	IN
millions	NNS
of	IN
dollars	NNS
and	CC
will	MD
pave	VB
the	DT
way	NN
for	IN
economic	JJ
stability	NN
and	CC
security	NN
.	.
The	DT
Pension	NNP
Bond	NNP
Amendment	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
voters	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
at	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
election	NN
to	TO
be	VB
held	VBN
on	IN
June	NNP
25	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
continues	VBZ
to	TO
work	VB
to	TO
close	VB
the	DT
equity	NN
gap	NN
among	IN
traditionally	RB
underserved	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
recent	JJ
report	NN
,	,
the	DT
equity	NN
gap	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
eliminated	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
small	JJ
percentage	NN
of	IN
Latino	NNP
and	CC
Native	JJ
American	JJ
students	NNS
who	WP
reside	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
has	VBZ
a	DT
3.7	CD
percent	NN
African-American	JJ
population	NN
and	CC
1.3	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
AP	NNP
examinees	NNS
were	VBD
African-American	JJ
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
ranked	VBD
fifth	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
under	IN
the	DT
equity	NN
section	NN
of	IN
the	DT
report	NN
.	.
The	DT
state	NN
has	VBZ
few	JJ
differences	NNS
in	IN
education	NN
spending	NN
per	IN
pupil	NN
across	IN
districts	NNS
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
also	RB
indicates	VBZ
that	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
spends	VBZ
$	$
8,756	CD
per	IN
pupil	NN
,	,
more	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
thousand	CD
dollars	NNS
above	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
average	NN
.	.
Force	NNP
developed	VBD
the	DT
Five	CD
Year	NN
Plan	NN
to	TO
improve	VB
mathematics	NNS
scores	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
,	,
K-16	NN
,	,
in	IN
our	PRP$
state	NN
.	.
The	DT
goals	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
plan	NN
are	VBP
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
provide	VB
every	DT
student	NN
at	IN
every	DT
level	NN
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
take	VB
higher-level	JJ
mathematics	NNS
,	,
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
increase	VB
teacher	NN
quality	NN
,	,
improve	VB
student	NN
achievement	NN
and	CC
impact	NN
school	NN
improvement	NN
in	IN
every	DT
county	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
``	``
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
hampered	VBN
by	IN
what	WP
we	PRP
perceive	VBP
as	IN
bickering	NN
and	CC
stall	VB
tactics	NNS
currently	RB
going	VBG
on	IN
in	IN
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
,	,
''	''
said	VBD
Board	NNP
President	NNP
Barbara	NNP
Fish	NN
.	.
``	``
Some	DT
stakeholders	NNS
have	VBP
forgotten	VBN
the	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
CEFP	NNP
-	:
the	DT
students	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
The	DT
Board	NNP
did	VBD
not	RB
give	VB
me	PRP
direction	NN
to	TO
intervene	VB
in	IN
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
or	CC
file	VB
a	DT
lawsuit	NN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
members	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
fully	RB
understand	VB
their	PRP$
responsibilities	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
CEFP	NNP
,	,
''	''
said	VBD
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
David	NNP
Stewart	NNP
.	.
In	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
the	DT
program	NN
was	VBD
designed	VBN
to	TO
address	VB
concrete	JJ
,	,
identifiable	JJ
challenges	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
state	NN
educational	JJ
system	NN
by	IN
utilizing	VBG
the	DT
knowledge	NN
and	CC
experience	NN
of	IN
classroom	NN
teachers	NNS
as	IN
it	PRP
engaged	VBD
them	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
curricular	JJ
materials	NNS
.	.
The	DT
material	NN
development	NN
process	NN
used	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Reinventing	NNP
Education	NNP
program	NN
requires	VBZ
that	IN
these	DT
materials	NNS
integrate	VBP
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
,	,
specifically	RB
the	DT
Internet	NNP
,	,
address	NN
state	NN
standards	NNS
,	,
provide	VBP
relevant	JJ
assessments	NNS
and	CC
take	VB
into	IN
account	NN
the	DT
degree	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
access	NN
to	TO
technology	NN
varies	VBZ
across	IN
classrooms	NNS
.	.
At	IN
its	PRP$
most	JJS
basic	JJ
level	NN
,	,
the	DT
goal	NN
of	IN
this	DT
program	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
body	NN
of	IN
technology-rich	JJ
classroom	NN
materials	NNS
that	WDT
could	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
by	IN
teachers	NNS
in	IN
diverse	JJ
classrooms	NNS
across	IN
the	DT
state	NN
to	TO
address	VB
deficiencies	NNS
in	IN
student	NN
learning	NN
as	IN
identified	VBN
through	IN
state	NN
testing	NN
.	.
On	IN
a	DT
deeper	JJR
level	NN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
the	DT
program	NN
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
to	TO
meet	VB
project	NN
goals	NNS
Reinventing	VBG
teachers	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
constructing	VBG
materials	NNS
that	WDT
integrate	VBP
pedagogy	NN
,	,
practices	NNS
and	CC
tools	NNS
of	IN
inquiry	NN
that	IN
many	JJ
had	VBD
not	RB
previously	RB
considered	VBN
or	CC
experienced	VBN
.	.
Students	NNS
that	WDT
eat	VBP
school	NN
breakfast	NN
and	CC
lunch	NN
consume	VBP
twice	RB
as	RB
many	JJ
servings	NNS
of	IN
fruits	NNS
,	,
vegetables	NNS
and	CC
milk	NN
than	IN
those	DT
children	NNS
that	WDT
do	VBP
not	RB
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
program	NN
;	:
drink	NN
one-forth	NN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
servings	NNS
of	IN
soft	JJ
drinks	NNS
;	:
and	CC
skip	VB
fewer	JJR
meals	NNS
.	.
In	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
65	CD
%	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
eat	VBP
school	NN
lunch	NN
.	.
On	IN
average	NN
,	,
that	WDT
is	VBZ
more	RBR
than	IN
196,000	CD
lunches	NNS
.	.
An	DT
A.C.	NNP
Nielsen	NNP
study	NN
of	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
3,000	CD
households	NNS
nationwide	JJ
commissioned	VBN
by	IN
Produce	VB
for	IN
Better	NNP
Health	NNP
Foundation	NNP
found	VBD
that	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
50	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
parents	NNS
are	VBP
feeding	VBG
their	PRP$
children	NNS
only	RB
two	CD
or	CC
fewer	JJR
fruit	NN
and	CC
vegetable	NN
servings	NNS
per	IN
day	NN
,	,
and	CC
only	RB
12	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
Americans	NNPS
are	VBP
eating	VBG
the	DT
recommended	VBN
daily	JJ
five	CD
to	TO
nine	CD
servings	NNS
of	IN
fruits	NNS
and	CC
vegetables	NNS
.	.
Reports	NNS
also	RB
reveal	VBP
that	DT
children	NNS
who	WP
maintain	VBP
healthy	JJ
lifestyles	NNS
by	IN
eating	VBG
nutritious	JJ
meals	NNS
including	VBG
at	IN
least	JJS
five	CD
servings	NNS
of	IN
vegetables	NNS
and	CC
fruits	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
perform	VB
better	JJR
academically	RB
.	.
A	DT
national	JJ
study	NN
revealed	VBD
that	IN
education	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
most	RBS
effective	JJ
of	IN
all	DT
crime	NN
prevention	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
saves	VBZ
taxpayers	NNS
millions	NNS
of	IN
dollars	NNS
in	IN
victim-related	JJ
costs	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
costs	NNS
of	IN
re-incarceration	NN
and	CC
dependency	NN
.	.
The	DT
relation	NN
between	IN
education	NN
and	CC
recidivism	NN
clearly	RB
makes	VBZ
having	VBG
effective	JJ
correctional	JJ
education	NN
programs	NNS
a	DT
public	JJ
safety	NN
issue	NN
.	.
The	DT
event	NN
recognized	VBD
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
civics	NNS
and	CC
government	NN
curriculum	NN
,	,
promoted	VBD
an	DT
enlightened	VBN
and	CC
responsible	JJ
citizenry	NN
and	CC
recognized	VBD
that	IN
effective	JJ
education	NN
in	IN
civics	NNS
is	VBZ
enriched	VBN
by	IN
collaborative	JJ
efforts	NNS
involving	VBG
local	JJ
,	,
state	NN
and	CC
national	JJ
entities	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
first	JJ
step	NN
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
cultivate	VB
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
support	NN
network	NN
of	IN
individuals	NNS
and	CC
organizations	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
mission	NN
the	DT
promotion	NN
of	IN
civic	JJ
education	NN
.	.
Johnson	NNP
served	VBD
as	IN
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Education	NNP
Association	NNP
for	IN
four	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
served	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Education	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
was	VBD
most	RBS
recently	RB
the	DT
Assistant	NNP
Secretary	NNP
for	IN
Ports	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Transportation	NNP
.	.
The	DT
revised	VBN
policy	NN
does	VBZ
away	RP
with	IN
audits	NN
on	IN
several	JJ
topics	NNS
including	VBG
work-based	JJ
learning	NN
,	,
health	NN
services	NNS
,	,
special	JJ
education	NN
services	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
While	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
fewer	JJR
standards	NNS
,	,
the	DT
revised	VBN
policy	NN
has	VBZ
preserved	VBN
basic	JJ
requirements	NNS
so	IN
the	DT
state	NN
can	MD
still	RB
determine	VB
what	WP
sections	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
system	NN
must	MD
improve	VB
to	TO
fulfill	VB
their	PRP$
accountability	NN
plans	NNS
and	CC
school	NN
improvement	NN
plans	NNS
and	CC
ultimately	RB
advance	NN
student	NN
performance	NN
and	CC
programs	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Schools	NNS
of	IN
Excellence	NN
are	VBP
selected	VBN
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
criteria	NNS
:	:
a	DT
rigorous	JJ
and	CC
challenging	JJ
curriculum	NN
,	,
a	DT
safe	JJ
and	CC
drug-free	JJ
learning	NN
environment	NN
,	,
participatory	JJ
leadership	NN
,	,
active	JJ
teaching	NN
and	CC
learning	NN
,	,
an	DT
environment	NN
that	WDT
strengthens	VBZ
teacher	NN
skills	NNS
,	,
documented	VBN
student	NN
achievement	NN
and	CC
implementing	VBG
advanced	JJ
and	CC
innovated	VBD
programs	NNS
.	.
``	``
The	DT
teachers	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
at	IN
these	DT
distinguished	JJ
schools	NNS
truly	RB
have	VBP
something	NN
to	TO
celebrate	VB
.	.
They	PRP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
very	RB
hard	RB
to	TO
earn	VB
these	DT
awards	NNS
,	,
''	''
said	VBD
Stewart	NNP
.	.
``	``
The	DT
schools	NNS
recognized	VBN
have	VBP
continually	RB
raised	VBN
the	DT
academic	JJ
bar	NN
and	CC
they	PRP
deserve	VBP
this	DT
prestigious	JJ
award	NN
.	.
''	''
Dreamquest	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
opportunity	NN
for	IN
young	JJ
West	NNP
Virginians	NNPS
to	TO
become	VB
aware	JJ
and	CC
gain	NN
knowledge	NN
of	IN
entrepreneurship	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
was	VBD
designed	VBN
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
real	JJ
life	NN
experience	NN
within	IN
the	DT
educational	JJ
setting	NN
,	,
allowing	VBG
students	NNS
to	TO
discover	VB
what	WP
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
like	IN
to	TO
generate	VB
an	DT
idea	NN
and	CC
build	VB
it	PRP
into	IN
a	DT
business	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
Any	DT
fulltime	JJ
teacher	NN
K-12	NN
may	MD
be	VB
nominated	VBN
who	WP
teaches	VBZ
American	JJ
history	NN
as	IN
their	PRP$
primary	JJ
subject	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
demonstrated	VBN
excellence	NN
according	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
criteria	NNS
governing	VBG
the	DT
awards	NNS
.	.
Nominations	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
department	NN
or	CC
division	NN
head	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
school	NN
director	NN
,	,
principal	NN
,	,
or	CC
head	NN
.	.
The	DT
Gilder	NNP
Lehrman	NNP
Institute	NNP
of	IN
American	NNP
History	NN
will	MD
grant	VB
each	DT
state	NN
winner	NN
with	IN
an	DT
award	NN
of	IN
$	$
1,000	CD
and	CC
a	DT
plaque	NN
honoring	VBG
them	PRP
as	IN
``	``
History	NN
Teacher	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Year	NN
''	''
in	IN
a	DT
ceremony	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
home	NN
state	NN
.	.
The	DT
Gilder	NNP
Lehrman	NNP
Institute	NNP
of	IN
American	NNP
History	NN
will	MD
also	RB
present	VB
their	PRP$
school	NN
with	IN
an	DT
archive	NN
of	IN
primary	JJ
historical	JJ
materials	NNS
,	,
named	VBN
in	IN
honor	NN
of	IN
that	DT
teacher	NN
,	,
for	IN
use	NN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
library	NN
or	CC
resource	NN
center	NN
.	.
Winners	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
selected	VBN
in	IN
each	DT
state	NN
by	IN
panels	NNS
of	IN
distinguished	JJ
history	NN
educators	NNS
under	IN
the	DT
supervision	NN
of	IN
Preserve	NNP
America	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Gilder	NNP
Lehrman	NNP
Institute	NNP
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
will	MD
be	VB
conducted	VBN
in	IN
cooperation	NN
with	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Council	NNP
for	IN
History	NN
Education	NNP
,	,
Organization	NNP
of	IN
American	NNP
Historians	NNPS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
history	NN
organizations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
``	``
National	NNP
History	NN
Teacher	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Year	NN
''	''
will	MD
be	VB
selected	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
50	CD
+	NN
state	NN
winners	NNS
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
the	DT
District	NNP
of	IN
Columbia	NNP
,	,
Department	NNP
of	IN
Defense	NNP
and	CC
U.S.	NNP
Territories	NNPS
-RRB-	-RRB-
by	IN
a	DT
panel	NN
of	IN
prominent	JJ
historians	NNS
.	.
The	DT
winner	NN
,	,
together	RB
with	IN
the	DT
nominating	NN
supervisor	NN
,	,
will	MD
be	VB
flown	VBN
to	TO
Washington	NNP
,	,
D.C.	NNP
for	IN
recognition	NN
in	IN
a	DT
ceremony	NN
there	RB
.	.
After	IN
graduating	VBG
from	IN
Van	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
,	,
Kingery	NNP
continued	VBD
her	PRP$
education	NN
and	CC
received	VBD
her	PRP$
Bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
in	IN
early	JJ
childhood	NN
education	NN
from	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Charleston	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
later	RB
received	VBD
a	DT
Master	NNP
's	POS
of	IN
Art	NNP
degree	NN
in	IN
reading	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
a	DT
second	JJ
Master	NNP
's	POS
of	IN
Art	NNP
degree	NN
in	IN
educational	JJ
administration	NN
,	,
both	DT
from	IN
Marshall	NNP
University	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
served	VBD
as	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
and	CC
principal	NN
for	IN
24	CD
years	NNS
at	IN
Van	NNP
Elementary	NNP
,	,
Van	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
Wharton	NNP
Elementary	NNP
before	IN
coming	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
.	.
The	DT
No	NNP
Child	NNP
Left	VBD
Behind-Blue	NNP
Ribbon	NNP
Schools	NNP
Program	NNP
honors	NNS
those	DT
elementary	JJ
and	CC
secondary	JJ
schools	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
that	WDT
make	VBP
significant	JJ
progress	NN
in	IN
closing	VBG
the	DT
achievement	NN
gap	NN
or	CC
whose	WP$
students	NNS
achieve	VBP
at	IN
very	RB
high	JJ
levels	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
recognizes	VBZ
schools	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
at	IN
least	JJS
40	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
students	NNS
from	IN
disadvantaged	JJ
backgrounds	NNS
that	WDT
dramatically	RB
improve	VBP
student	NN
performance	NN
to	TO
a	DT
high	JJ
level	NN
on	IN
state	NN
assessments	NNS
or	CC
assessments	NNS
referenced	VBN
against	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
norms	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
grade	NN
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
recognizes	VBZ
schools	NNS
whose	WP$
students	NNS
achieve	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
top	JJ
10	CD
percent	NN
on	IN
state	NN
tests	NNS
or	CC
the	DT
top	JJ
10	CD
percent	NN
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
on	IN
assessments	NNS
referenced	VBN
against	IN
national	JJ
norms	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
grade	NN
.	.
Approximately	RB
250	CD
more	JJR
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
took	VBD
the	DT
ACT	NNP
in	IN
2003	CD
than	IN
last	JJ
year	NN
.	.
Sixty-three	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
2003	CD
graduating	VBG
class	NN
took	VBD
the	DT
to	TO
ACT	NNP
;	:
the	DT
highest	JJS
percent	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
five	CD
years	NNS
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
males	NNS
slightly	RB
out-performed	VBD
females	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
composite	JJ
score	NN
of	IN
20.5	CD
to	TO
the	DT
score	NN
of	IN
20.2	CD
for	IN
the	DT
females	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
females	NNS
outscored	VBD
males	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
English	NNP
and	CC
reading	VBG
tests	NNS
.	.
Along	IN
with	IN
their	PRP$
assessment	NN
results	NNS
,	,
students	NNS
receive	VBP
Standards	NNP
for	IN
Transition	NN
statements	NNS
.	.
By	IN
looking	VBG
at	IN
the	DT
statement	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
corresponding	JJ
ACT	NNP
composite	NN
and	CC
subtest	NN
scores	NNS
,	,
students	NNS
learn	VBP
what	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
most	RBS
likely	JJ
mastering	NN
in	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
who	WP
took	VBD
college	NN
core	NN
and	CC
advanced	VBD
courses	NNS
typically	RB
perform	VBP
better	RBR
on	IN
the	DT
ACT	NNP
Assessment	NNP
than	IN
those	DT
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
,	,
as	IN
does	VBZ
taking	VBG
additional	JJ
courses	NNS
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
adding	VBG
speech	NN
to	TO
the	DT
course	NN
taken	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
student	NN
adds	VBZ
.8	CD
to	TO
their	PRP$
English	JJ
score	NN
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
is	VBZ
committed	VBN
to	TO
increasing	VBG
scores	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
ACT	NNP
Assessment	NNP
.	.
On	IN
July	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2003	CD
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Content	NNP
Standards	NNPS
,	,
Objectives	NNPS
and	CC
Performance	NNP
Descriptors	NNPS
were	VBD
implemented	VBN
to	TO
establish	VB
high	JJ
expectations	NNS
in	IN
all	DT
K-12	JJ
content	NN
areas	NNS
.	.
This	DT
curriculum	NN
framework	NN
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
aligned	VBN
to	TO
scientifically	RB
based	VBN
national	JJ
standards	NNS
,	,
defines	VBZ
what	WP
a	DT
student	NN
should	MD
know	VB
and	CC
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
do	VB
at	IN
each	DT
grade	NN
level	NN
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
opening	NN
of	IN
the	DT
2003-2004	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
,	,
teachers	NNS
throughout	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
will	MD
receive	VB
professional	JJ
development	NN
on	IN
strategies	NNS
aimed	VBN
at	IN
promoting	VBG
these	DT
increased	VBN
expectations	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
students	NNS
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
will	MD
focus	VB
on	IN
continued	VBN
professional	JJ
development	NN
to	TO
build	VB
the	DT
skills	NNS
for	IN
teachers	NNS
.	.
A	DT
familiarity	NN
with	IN
and	CC
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
four-pronged	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
family	NN
literacy	NN
.	.
The	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
make	VB
on-site	JJ
visits	NNS
to	TO
eleven	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
11	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
local	JJ
Even	RB
Start	JJ
projects	NNS
.	.
Experience	NN
evaluating	VBG
education	NN
and\/or	CC
family	NN
support	NN
projects	NNS
.	.
The	DT
time	NN
and	CC
ability	NN
to	TO
complete	VB
evaluations	NNS
and	CC
deliver	VB
written	VBN
reports	NNS
by	IN
December	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
At	IN
a	DT
minimum	NN
,	,
an	DT
evaluation	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Even	RB
Start	NNP
Performance	NNP
Standards	NNPS
and	CC
the	DT
local	JJ
programs	NNS
goals	NNS
for	IN
2002-2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
evaluation	NN
should	MD
be	VB
a	DT
useful	JJ
tool	NN
for	IN
local	JJ
programs	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
programming	NN
decisions	NNS
and	CC
state	NN
administration	NN
to	TO
have	VB
an	DT
accurate	JJ
reflection	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
's	POS
progress	NN
toward	IN
meeting	VBG
the	DT
WV	NNP
Even	RB
Start	NNP
Performance	NNP
Standards	NNPS
.	.
In	IN
its	PRP$
second	JJ
year	NN
of	IN
operation	NN
.	.
ES	NNP
funds	NNS
Adult	NNP
Education	NNP
position	NN
.	.
Housed	VBN
in	IN
Head	NNP
Start	NNP
center	NN
.	.
Head	NNP
Start	NNP
provides	VBZ
child	NN
development	NN
.	.
New	NNP
extended	JJ
year	NN
summer	NN
session	NN
this	DT
year	NN
.	.
Serves	VBZ
families	NNS
with	IN
preschool	JJ
children	NNS
.	.
Thirty-five	JJ
teachers	NNS
from	IN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
content	JJ
areas	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
special	JJ
education	NN
will	MD
be	VB
trained	VBN
as	IN
Master	NNP
Trainers	NNPS
in	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
training	NN
starting	VBG
June	NNP
17	CD
at	IN
Riverside	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Charleston	NNP
.	.
In	IN
turn	NN
,	,
Master	NNP
Trainers	NNPS
will	MD
train	VB
educators	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
schools	NNS
as	IN
to	TO
how	WRB
the	DT
content	NN
standards	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
delivered	VBN
in	IN
their	PRP$
classrooms	NNS
.	.
Master	NNP
Trainers	NNPS
will	MD
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
developing	VBG
model	NN
lessons	NNS
,	,
designing	VBG
initial	JJ
professional	JJ
development	NN
on	IN
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
training	NN
teachers	NNS
who	WP
will	MD
deliver	VB
future	JJ
professional	JJ
development	NN
training	NN
.	.
Model	NNP
lessons	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
set	VBD
forth	RB
best	JJS
instructional	JJ
practices	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
also	RB
will	MD
describe	VB
classroom	NN
assessments	NNS
and	CC
incorporate	VB
strategies	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
diverse	JJ
learners	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
integrate	VB
technology	NN
.	.
The	DT
results	NNS
were	VBD
announced	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
opening	NN
session	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Raze	NNP
On	IN
2003	CD
anti-tobacco	JJ
teen	JJ
summit	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Concord	NNP
College	NNP
campus	NN
today	NN
.	.
The	DT
event	NN
sports	NNS
the	DT
theme	NN
``	``
20	CD
For	IN
Us	NNP
''	''
to	TO
highlight	VB
both	DT
the	DT
20	CD
percent	NN
drop	NN
in	IN
the	DT
teen	JJ
smoking	NN
prevalence	NN
and	CC
to	TO
reinforce	VB
the	DT
conviction	NN
that	WDT
much	RB
more	RBR
work	NN
is	VBZ
still	RB
needed	VBN
to	TO
continue	VB
to	TO
reduce	VB
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
teens	NNS
using	VBG
tobacco	NN
.	.
The	DT
opening	NN
session	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
hosted	VBN
by	IN
three	CD
teen	JJ
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Raze	NNP
movement	NN
:	:
Jilleyn	NNP
Gore	NNP
of	IN
Chapmanville	NNP
,	,
William	NNP
Nicely	RB
of	IN
Salem	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Erica	NNP
Given	VBN
of	IN
Hurricane	NNP
.	.
Governing	VBG
is	VBZ
a	DT
monthly	JJ
magazine	NN
whose	WP$
primary	JJ
audience	NN
is	VBZ
state	NN
and	CC
local	JJ
government	NN
officials	NNS
.	.
The	DT
magazine	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
circulation	NN
of	IN
about	IN
85,000	CD
.	.
The	DT
most	RBS
recent	JJ
issue	NN
can	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
on	IN
http://www.governing.com	NN
.	.
The	DT
Beaumont	NNP
Foundation	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
bringing	VBG
technology	NN
to	TO
disadvantaged	JJ
areas	NNS
,	,
has	VBZ
selected	VBN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
among	IN
21	CD
states	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
first	JJ
round	NN
of	IN
grants	NNS
.	.
Low-income	JJ
schools	NNS
,	,
community	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
churches	NNS
and	CC
individuals	NNS
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
submit	VB
their	PRP$
applications	NNS
by	IN
March	NNP
31	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
Senator	NNP
Rockefeller	NNP
has	VBZ
consistently	RB
fought	VBN
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
that	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
schools	NNS
and	CC
communities	NNS
have	VBP
the	DT
same	JJ
Internet	NNP
access	NN
as	IN
the	DT
residents	NNS
in	IN
urban	JJ
areas	NNS
.	.
Rockefeller	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
co-author	NN
of	IN
the	DT
E-Rate	JJ
program	NN
,	,
which	WDT
provides	VBZ
grants	NNS
to	TO
schools	NNS
and	CC
libraries	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
pay	VB
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
Internet	NNP
services	NNS
,	,
but	CC
E-Rate	NNP
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
computers	NNS
so	RB
this	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
special	JJ
opportunity	NN
.	.
Since	IN
1998	CD
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
has	VBZ
received	VBN
about	IN
$	$
38	CD
million	CD
from	IN
the	DT
E-rate	JJ
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
Beaumont	NNP
Foundation	NNP
of	IN
America	NNP
,	,
headquartered	VBN
in	IN
Texas	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
principle	NN
of	IN
helping	VBG
make	VB
today	NN
's	POS
technology	NN
and	CC
all	DT
its	PRP$
educational	JJ
advantages	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
everyone	NN
,	,
particularly	RB
in	IN
rural	JJ
or	CC
fiscally-challenged	JJ
areas	NNS
.	.
``	``
The	DT
taskforce	NN
found	VBD
so	RB
many	JJ
things	NNS
that	WDT
were	VBD
good	JJ
.	.
Many	JJ
schools	NNS
used	VBN
parts	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Project	NN
and	CC
we	PRP
want	VBP
that	IN
to	TO
continue	VB
,	,
''	''
said	VBD
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
Barbara	NNP
Fish	NN
.	.
``	``
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
knows	VBZ
the	DT
Board	NNP
supports	VBZ
everyone	NN
's	POS
civil	JJ
rights	NNS
and	CC
programs	NNS
that	WDT
promote	VBP
those	DT
rights	NNS
.	.
''	''
Policy	NN
4373	CD
requires	VBZ
public	JJ
schools	NNS
to	TO
design	VB
and	CC
implement	VB
proactive	JJ
,	,
preventive	JJ
approaches	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
a	DT
nurturing	NN
,	,
orderly	JJ
and	CC
safe	JJ
school	NN
environment	NN
free	JJ
from	IN
harassment	NN
,	,
intimidation	NN
,	,
bullying	NN
,	,
substance	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
violence	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
code	NN
of	IN
conduct	NN
violation	NN
.	.
The	DT
cadre	NN
established	VBD
three	CD
goals	NNS
it	PRP
hopes	VBZ
to	TO
achieve	VB
.	.
It	PRP
hopes	VBZ
to	TO
establish	VB
a	DT
vision	NN
that	WDT
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
curriculum	NN
,	,
best	JJS
instructional	JJ
practices	NNS
and	CC
leadership	NN
.	.
It	PRP
further	RB
wants	VBZ
to	TO
develop	VB
and	CC
deliver	VB
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
professional	JJ
development	NN
program	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
provide	VB
support	NN
to	TO
middle	JJ
grades	NNS
schools	NNS
.	.
Establishing	VBG
a	DT
network	NN
of	IN
communication	NN
for	IN
middle	JJ
grades	NNS
schools	NNS
across	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
is	VBZ
also	RB
a	DT
goal	NN
.	.
``	``
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
's	POS
school	NN
system	NN
has	VBZ
made	VBN
significant	JJ
strides	NNS
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
four	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
we	PRP
believe	VBP
it	PRP
now	RB
can	MD
operate	VB
efficiently	RB
on	IN
its	PRP$
own	JJ
,	,
''	''
said	VBD
WVBOE	NNP
President	NNP
Howard	NNP
Persinger	NNP
.	.
``	``
Since	IN
the	DT
takeover	NN
,	,
grades	NNS
have	VBP
consistently	RB
improved	VBN
and	CC
leadership	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
restored	VBN
.	.
''	''
``	``
It	PRP
so	RB
rewarding	JJ
to	TO
see	VB
hard	JJ
work	NN
pay	NN
off	RB
,	,
''	''
said	VBD
State	NNP
Schools	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
David	NNP
Stewart	NNP
.	.
``	``
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
always	RB
had	VBD
the	DT
best	JJS
interest	NN
of	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
mind	NN
.	.
I	PRP
applaud	VBP
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
for	IN
working	VBG
together	RB
to	TO
make	VB
today	NN
happen	VB
.	.
''	''
Cindy	NNP
Woods	NNP
,	,
a	DT
library	NN
media	NNS
teacher	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Potomack	NNP
Intermediate	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Martinsburg	NNP
,	,
WV	NNP
,	,
was	VBD
named	VBN
the	DT
second	JJ
winner	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Educator	NNP
Award	NNP
today	NN
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
recipient	JJ
announced	VBN
yesterday	NN
was	VBD
Kim	NNP
Miller	NNP
,	,
a	DT
second	JJ
grade	NN
teacher	NN
at	IN
Elm	NNP
Grove	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Wheeling	NNP
.	.
The	DT
600-square-foot	JJ
exhibition	NN
,	,
on	IN
loan	NN
from	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
Holocaust	NNP
Memorial	NNP
Museum	NNP
,	,
tells	VBZ
the	DT
story	NN
of	IN
Oskar	NNP
Schindler	NNP
,	,
who	WP
has	VBZ
come	VBN
to	TO
personify	VB
those	DT
who	WP
risked	VBD
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
to	TO
rescue	VB
Jews	NNPS
and	CC
others	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
Nazis	NNPS
during	IN
the	DT
Holocaust	NNP
.	.
An	DT
unlikely	JJ
hero	NN
,	,
Schindler	NNP
joined	VBD
the	DT
Nazi	JJ
party	NN
in	IN
1939	CD
.	.
He	PRP
amassed	VBD
a	DT
fortune	NN
through	IN
rigged	VBN
army	NN
contracts	NNS
and	CC
exploitation	NN
of	IN
cheap	JJ
labor	NN
and	CC
lived	VBD
in	IN
high	JJ
style	NN
.	.
Nonetheless	RB
,	,
he	PRP
was	VBD
moved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
cruelties	NNS
he	PRP
witnessed	VBD
and	CC
devised	VBD
a	DT
plan	NN
to	TO
protect	VB
his	PRP$
Jewish	JJ
workers	NNS
.	.
Through	IN
negotiations	NNS
and	CC
bribes	NNS
that	WDT
depleted	VBD
his	PRP$
war	NN
profits	NNS
,	,
Schindler	NNP
was	VBD
able	JJ
to	TO
transfer	VB
more	JJR
than	IN
1,000	CD
Jewish	JJ
workers	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
Nazi	JJ
labor	NN
camp	NN
,	,
ensuring	VBG
their	PRP$
humane	JJ
treatment	NN
and	CC
ultimately	RB
saving	VBG
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
subject	NN
of	IN
the	DT
1993	CD
Academy	NNP
Award-winning	JJ
film	NN
``	``
Schindler	NNP
's	POS
List	NN
.	.
''	''
A	DT
third	JJ
exhibit	NN
will	MD
feature	VB
artwork	NN
and	CC
poetry	NN
created	VBN
by	IN
local	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
teachers	NNS
after	IN
they	PRP
studied	VBD
the	DT
Holocaust	NNP
.	.
The	DT
exhibit	NN
,	,
``	``
Reflections	NNS
:	:
Interpretations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Holocaust	NNP
,	,
''	''
is	VBZ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Jewish	JJ
Labor	NN
Committee\/FJCC	NNP
Fellowship	NNP
Program	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
sponsored	VBN
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
KCS	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
an	DT
interactive	JJ
exhibition	NN
,	,
``	``
Poland	NNP
1942\/Germany	NNP
1942	CD
,	,
''	''
visitors	NNS
will	MD
have	VB
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
trace	VB
the	DT
steps	NNS
of	IN
both	DT
those	DT
condemned	VBN
to	TO
concentration	NN
camps	NNS
and	CC
those	DT
who	WP
grew	VBD
up	RP
indoctrinated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
hatred	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Nazi	JJ
government	NN
.	.
The	DT
exhibit	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
people	NNS
consider	VB
the	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
choices	NNS
people	NNS
had	VBD
to	TO
make	VB
during	IN
World	NNP
War	NNP
II	NNP
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
compare	VB
and	CC
contrast	VB
those	DT
decisions	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
choices	NNS
people	NNS
have	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
today	NN
.	.
These	DT
workshops	NNS
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
review	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
policies	NNS
and	CC
related	VBN
data	NNS
collection	NN
requirements	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
latest	JJS
information	NN
about	IN
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
assessment	NN
,	,
the	DT
consolidated	JJ
state	NN
application	NN
for	IN
ESEA	NNP
funds	NNS
,	,
and	CC
adequate	JJ
yearly	JJ
progress	NN
.	.
Each	DT
principal	NN
will	MD
receive	VB
a	DT
resource	NN
manual	NN
containing	VBG
valuable	JJ
and	CC
current	JJ
information	NN
to	TO
be	VB
shared	VBN
with	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
students	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
2002-03	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
A	DT
complete	JJ
workshop	NN
agenda	NN
and	CC
presentation	NN
materials	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
website	NN
.	.
For	IN
general	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
workshop	NN
agenda	NN
,	,
contact	NN
Karen	NNP
Huffman	NNP
,	,
Assistant	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Student	NNP
Services	NNPS
and	CC
Assessment	NNP
at	IN
(304) 558-2546	CD
.	.
or	CC
by	IN
e-mail	NN
at	IN
khuffman@access.k12.wv.us	NNS
.	.
Application	NN
information	NN
should	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
website	NN
http://wvde.state.wv.us	NN
by	IN
early	JJ
October	NNP
2002	CD
,	,
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
mailed	VBN
to	TO
public	JJ
school	NN
superintendents	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
interested	JJ
persons	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
local	JJ
21st	JJ
CCLC	NNP
grant	NN
application	NN
must	MD
describe	VB
information	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
:	:
the	DT
before	RB
-	:
and	CC
after-school	JJ
and-summer-school	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
optional	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
activities	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
funded	VBN
;	:
how	WRB
the	DT
activities	NNS
will	MD
improve	VB
student	NN
achievement	NN
;	:
how	WRB
students	NNS
will	MD
travel	VB
safely	RB
to	TO
and	CC
from	IN
the	DT
learning	VBG
center	NN
;	:
the	DT
partnership	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
between	IN
a	DT
local	JJ
educational	JJ
agency	NN
and	CC
a	DT
community-based	JJ
organization	NN
and	CC
another	DT
public	JJ
or	CC
private	JJ
organization	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
appropriate	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
an	DT
evaluation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
community	NN
needs	VBZ
and	CC
available	JJ
resources	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
learning	VBG
center	NN
;	:
and	CC
other	JJ
provisions	NNS
requested	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
application	NN
package	NN
.	.
In	IN
comparison	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
forms	NNS
of	IN
transportation	NN
,	,
the	DT
report	NN
shows	VBZ
that	IN
students	NNS
are	VBP
nearly	RB
eight	CD
times	NNS
safer	JJR
riding	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
school	NN
bus	NN
than	IN
in	IN
cars	NNS
.	.
The	DT
fatality	NN
rate	NN
for	IN
school	NN
buses	NNS
is	VBZ
0.2	CD
fatalities	NNS
per	IN
100	CD
million	CD
vehicle	NN
miles	NNS
traveled	VBD
-LRB-	-LRB-
VMT	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
compared	VBN
to	TO
1.5	CD
fatalities	NNS
per	IN
100	CD
million	CD
VMT	NNP
for	IN
cars	NNS
.	.
The	DT
new	JJ
NHTSA	NNP
report	NN
concluded	VBD
that	IN
requiring	VBG
lap	NN
belts	NNS
on	IN
large	JJ
,	,
new	JJ
school	NN
buses	NNS
would	MD
appear	VB
to	TO
have	VB
little	RB
,	,
if	IN
any	DT
,	,
benefit	NN
in	IN
reducing	VBG
serious-to-fatal	JJ
injuries	NNS
in	IN
severe	JJ
frontal	JJ
crashes	NNS
.	.
In	IN
rare	JJ
circumstances	NNS
,	,
tests	NNS
indicate	VBP
that	IN
in	IN
some	DT
severe	JJ
frontal	JJ
crashes	NNS
there	RB
may	MD
be	VB
increased	VBN
risk	NN
of	IN
serious	JJ
neck	NN
injuries	NNS
and	CC
possibly	RB
abdominal	JJ
injury	NN
among	IN
young	JJ
passengers	NNS
wearing	VBG
lap	NN
belts	NNS
.	.
In	IN
small	JJ
school	NN
buses	NNS
,	,
any	DT
increased	VBN
risks	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
lap	NN
belts	NNS
are	VBP
more	RBR
than	IN
offset	VBN
by	IN
preventing	VBG
ejections	NNS
.	.
These	DT
buses	NNS
weigh	VBP
less	JJR
,	,
have	VBP
different	JJ
crash	NN
dynamics	NNS
,	,
and	CC
are	VBP
more	RBR
prone	JJ
to	TO
rollover	NN
than	IN
large	JJ
school	NN
buses	NNS
.	.
Lap\/shoulder	NN
belts	NNS
also	RB
could	MD
reduce	VB
school	NN
bus	NN
capacity	NN
by	IN
up	RB
to	TO
17	CD
percent	NN
because	IN
of	IN
seat	NN
redesign	NN
,	,
and	CC
add	VB
between	IN
$	$
40	CD
and	CC
$	$
50	CD
per	IN
seating	NN
position	NN
to	TO
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
vehicle	NN
.	.
The	DT
most	RBS
popular	JJ
buses	NNS
carry	VBP
between	IN
60	CD
and	CC
71	CD
passengers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
total	JJ
annual	JJ
cost	NN
would	MD
be	VB
over	IN
$	$
100	CD
million	CD
.	.
Some	DT
states	NNS
and	CC
local	JJ
school	NN
districts	NNS
have	VBP
voluntarily	RB
installed	VBN
lap	NN
belts	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
large	JJ
school	NN
buses	NNS
.	.
NHTSA	NNP
continues	VBZ
to	TO
recommend	VB
that	IN
,	,
if	IN
states	NNS
or	CC
local	JJ
school	NN
districts	NNS
require	VBP
seat	NN
belts	NNS
on	IN
school	NN
buses	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
should	MD
ensure	VB
that	IN
passengers	NNS
wear	VBP
them	PRP
correctly	RB
.	.
States	NNPS
and	CC
local	JJ
school	NN
districts	NNS
considering	VBG
purchasing	VBG
seat	NN
belts	NNS
for	IN
large	JJ
school	NN
buses	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
new	JJ
NHTSA	NNP
research	NN
report	NN
.	.
Summer	NNP
Food	NNP
Service	NNP
sponsors	NNS
receive	VBP
payment	NN
for	IN
serving	VBG
healthy	JJ
meals	NNS
and	CC
snacks	NNS
to	TO
children	NNS
and	CC
teenagers	NNS
,	,
18	CD
and	CC
younger	JJR
,	,
at	IN
approved	VBN
sites	NNS
in	IN
low-income	JJ
areas	NNS
.	.
Schools	NNP
,	,
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
and	CC
private	JJ
non-profit	JJ
organizations	NNS
may	MD
apply	VB
to	TO
sponsor	VB
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
Attitudinal	JJ
and	CC
behavioral	JJ
lessons	NNS
are	VBP
more	RBR
likely	JJ
to	TO
stick	VB
if	IN
we	PRP
go	VBP
beyond	IN
hearing	NN
or	CC
reading	NN
words	NNS
and	CC
concepts	NNS
,	,
and	CC
actually	RB
put	VBD
those	DT
lessons	NNS
to	TO
work	VB
in	IN
our	PRP$
own	JJ
lives	NNS
.	.
Exercising	VBG
compassion	NN
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
gets	VBZ
that	IN
message	NN
home	NN
a	DT
lot	NN
better	JJR
than	IN
learning	VBG
about	IN
compassion	NN
,	,
or	CC
reciting	VBG
that	IN
compassion	NN
is	VBZ
good	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Title	NN
I	PRP
program	VBP
provides	VBZ
federal	JJ
money	NN
to	TO
school	NN
systems	NNS
across	IN
the	DT
country	NN
to	TO
improve	VB
education	NN
for	IN
children	NNS
at	IN
risk	NN
of	IN
school	NN
failure	NN
who	WP
live	VBP
in	IN
low-income	JJ
communities	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
reaches	VBZ
over	IN
six	CD
million	CD
children	NNS
annually	RB
,	,
primarily	RB
in	IN
the	DT
early	JJ
elementary	JJ
grades	NNS
.	.
Typically	RB
it	PRP
supports	VBZ
supplemental	JJ
instruction	NN
in	IN
reading	NN
and	CC
math	NN
.	.
Among	IN
Cooke	NNP
's	POS
duties	NNS
as	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
vice-president	NN
will	MD
be	VB
working	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Reading	VBG
Association	NNP
's	POS
at	IN
its	PRP$
annual	JJ
conference	NN
,	,
scheduled	VBN
for	IN
April	NNP
2003	CD
,	,
in	IN
Orlando	NNP
,	,
Fla.	NNP
.	.
The	DT
International	NNP
Reading	VBG
Association	NNP
promotes	VBZ
high	JJ
levels	NNS
of	IN
literacy	NN
for	IN
all	DT
by	IN
improving	VBG
the	DT
quality	NN
of	IN
reading	VBG
instruction	NN
,	,
disseminating	VBG
research	NN
and	CC
information	NN
about	IN
reading	NN
,	,
and	CC
encouraging	VBG
the	DT
lifetime	NN
reading	NN
habit	NN
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
will	MD
be	VB
involved	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
rule-making	NN
process	NN
of	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
federal	JJ
education	NN
reform	NN
act	NN
,	,
No	DT
Child	NN
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
,	,
that	DT
was	VBD
recently	RB
enacted	VBN
by	IN
Congress	NNP
.	.
The	DT
act	NN
redefines	VBZ
the	DT
federal	JJ
role	NN
in	IN
K-12	NN
education	NN
and	CC
will	MD
help	VB
close	VB
the	DT
achievement	NN
gap	NN
between	IN
disadvantaged	JJ
and	CC
minority	NN
students	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
peers	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
four	CD
basic	JJ
principles	NNS
:	:
stronger	JJR
accountability	NN
for	IN
results	NNS
,	,
increased	VBD
flexibility	NN
and	CC
local	JJ
control	NN
,	,
expanded	VBN
options	NNS
for	IN
parents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
an	DT
emphasis	NN
on	IN
teaching	NN
methods	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
been	VBN
proven	VBN
to	TO
work	VB
.	.
The	DT
findings	NNS
revealed	VBD
that	IN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
the	DT
survey	NN
,	,
more	JJR
than	IN
80	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
who	WP
participated	VBD
always	RB
or	CC
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
wore	VBD
a	DT
seat	NN
belt	NN
when	WRB
riding	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
car	NN
.	.
Another	DT
indication	NN
that	WDT
shows	VBZ
students	NNS
are	VBP
practicing	VBG
healthier	RBR
behavior	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
65	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
had	VBD
practiced	VBN
rigorous	JJ
physical	JJ
activities	NNS
for	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
of	IN
the	DT
seven	CD
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
answering	VBG
the	DT
questionnaire	NN
.	.
McVicker	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
principal	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
30	CD
years	NNS
,	,
most	RBS
recently	RB
at	IN
Kingwood	NNP
Elementary	NNP
in	IN
Preston	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
A	DT
Vietnam	NNP
veteran	NN
,	,
McVicker	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Reading	VBG
Principal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Year	NN
and	CC
served	VBD
as	IN
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Preston	NNP
County	NNP
Principals	NNPS
Association	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
worked	VBD
as	IN
a	DT
facilitator	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Principals	NNPS
?	.
Leadership	NN
Academy	NNP
with	IN
the	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
and	CC
has	VBZ
done	VBN
extensive	JJ
work	NN
with	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNPS
as	IN
a	DT
team	NN
leader	NN
for	IN
on-site	JJ
reviews	NNS
.	.
Roby	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
award-winning	JJ
principal	NN
from	IN
Harrisville	NNP
Elementary	NNP
in	IN
Ritchie	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
Under	IN
his	PRP$
leadership	NN
,	,
Harrisville	NNP
received	VBD
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
School	NNP
of	IN
Excellence	NNP
award	NN
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Blue	NNP
Ribbon	NNP
award	NN
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
1997	CD
,	,
was	VBD
recognized	VBN
nationally	RB
as	IN
a	DT
Blue	JJ
Ribbon	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
first	JJ
Ritchie	NNP
County	NNP
Principal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Year	NN
and	CC
led	VBD
the	DT
county	NN
in	IN
implementing	VBG
the	DT
effective	JJ
schools	NNS
program	NN
,	,
computer	NN
labs	NNS
,	,
healthy	JJ
schools	NNS
programs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
responsible	JJ
students	NNS
programs	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
an	DT
educator	NN
for	IN
30	CD
years	NNS
,	,
having	VBG
worked	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
principal	NN
for	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
18	CD
.	.
The	DT
Telecommunication	NNP
Act	NNP
of	IN
1996	CD
telecommunication	NN
provides	VBZ
discounts	NNS
for	IN
schools	NNS
to	TO
access	VB
the	DT
Internet	NNP
.	.
The	DT
WVDE	NNP
Office	NNP
of	IN
Technology	NNP
and	CC
Information	NNP
Systems	NNP
completed	VBD
an	DT
application	NN
for	IN
every	DT
school	NN
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
``	``
Internet	NNP
access	NN
to	TO
our	PRP$
students	NNS
and	CC
our	PRP$
teachers	NNS
has	VBZ
truly	RB
bridged	VBN
the	DT
digital	JJ
divide	NN
and	CC
permitted	VBD
us	PRP
to	TO
bring	VB
affordable	JJ
telecommunications	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
,	,
educators	NNS
,	,
communities	NNS
and	CC
citizens	NNS
,	,
''	''
said	VBD
Phyllis	NNP
Justice	NNP
,	,
project	NN
leader	NN
.	.
The	DT
Digital	NNP
Divide	VBP
Bridging	VBG
Block	NNP
project	NN
also	RB
has	VBZ
allowed	VBN
better	JJR
access	NN
to	TO
government	NN
services	NNS
via	IN
the	DT
Web	NNP
.	.
Because	IN
schools	NNS
also	RB
share	VBP
a	DT
statewide	JJ
electronic	JJ
administrative	JJ
information	NN
system	NN
via	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
telecommunications	NN
lines	NNS
,	,
other	JJ
agencies	NNS
also	RB
may	MD
acquire	VB
appropriate	JJ
data	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
schools\/state	NN
in	IN
a	DT
timelier	JJ
manner	NN
.	.
The	DT
project	NN
also	RB
decreases	VBZ
the	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
data	NNS
collection	NN
duplication	NN
.	.
``	``
The	DT
WVDE	NNP
continues	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
shining	VBG
example	NN
of	IN
how	WRB
state	NN
agencies	NNS
can	MD
take	VB
full	JJ
advantage	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
,	,
''	''
said	VBD
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Chief	NNP
Technology	NNP
Officer	NNP
Keith	NNP
Comstock	NNP
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
am	VBP
proud	JJ
the	DT
state	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
recognized	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
job	NN
well-done	JJ
.	.
''	''
Information	NNP
Technology	NNP
projects	NNS
from	IN
across	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
were	VBD
judged	VBN
on	IN
benefits	NNS
realized	VBN
by	IN
service	NN
,	,
tax	NN
payers	NNS
and	CC
state	NN
agencies	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
a	DT
return	NN
on	IN
investment	NN
.	.
Full	JJ
submissions	NNS
from	IN
all	DT
nominations	NNS
are	VBP
posted	VBN
on	IN
NASCIO	NNP
's	POS
website	NN
at	IN
http://www.nascio.org	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
county	NN
will	MD
benefit	VB
by	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
teachers	NNS
that	WDT
is	VBZ
better	RBR
prepared	JJ
to	TO
deliver	VB
a	DT
health	NN
education	NN
curriculum	NN
that	WDT
meets	VBZ
and	CC
exceeds	VBZ
the	DT
required	JJ
state	NN
instructional	JJ
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
state	NN
adopted	VBD
standards	NNS
for	IN
Health	NNP
Education	NNP
.	.
Your	PRP$
team	NN
will	MD
leave	VB
with	IN
an	DT
implementation	NN
plan	NN
and	CC
list	NN
of	IN
resources	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
offer	VB
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
throughout	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
knowledge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
latest	JJS
survey	NN
results	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
behaviors	NNS
and	CC
needs	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
.	.
All	DT
participant	NN
expenses	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
;	:
lodging	VBG
,	,
meals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
travel	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
one	CD
vehicle	NN
per	IN
county	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
A	DT
stipend	NN
of	IN
$	$
125.00	CD
will	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
to	TO
each	DT
participant	NN
.	.
Participants	NNS
will	MD
also	RB
have	VB
the	DT
option	NN
of	IN
enrolling	VBG
in	IN
3	CD
hours	NNS
of	IN
graduate	JJ
credit	NN
.	.
Too	RB
many	JJ
taxpayers	NNS
?	.
dollars	NNS
are	VBP
at	IN
stake	NN
to	TO
risk	VB
placing	VBG
them	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
hands	NNS
of	IN
school	NN
leaders	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
little	JJ
or	CC
no	DT
experience	NN
managing	VBG
budgets	NNS
totaling	VBG
tens	NNS
of	IN
thousands	NNS
,	,
hundreds	NNS
of	IN
thousands	NNS
or	CC
even	RB
millions	NNS
of	IN
dollars	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
three	CD
works	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
exhibition	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
selected	VBN
to	TO
represent	VB
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
annual	JJ
Congressional	NNP
Art	NNP
Competition	NNP
for	IN
High	NNP
School	NNP
Students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Congressional	JJ
Competition	NN
is	VBZ
sponsored	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
Congress	NNP
and	CC
culminates	VBZ
in	IN
a	DT
summer	NN
exhibition	NN
at	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
Capitol	NNP
Building	NNP
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Division	NNP
of	IN
Culture	NNP
and	CC
History	NN
,	,
an	DT
agency	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Arts	NNS
,	,
brings	VBZ
together	RB
the	DT
state	NN
's	POS
past	NN
,	,
present	JJ
and	CC
future	JJ
through	IN
programs	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
archives	NNS
and	CC
history	NN
,	,
the	DT
arts	NNS
,	,
historic	JJ
preservation	NN
and	CC
museums	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Cultural	NNP
Center	NNP
is	VBZ
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
official	JJ
showcase	NN
for	IN
the	DT
arts	NNS
.	.
Visit	VB
the	DT
Division	NNP
's	POS
website	NN
at	IN
http://www.wvculture.org	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
about	IN
programs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Division	NNP
.	.
Scoring	NNP
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
right	JJ
answers	NNS
.	.
While	IN
random	JJ
marking	VBG
is	VBZ
not	RB
recommended	VBN
,	,
students	NNS
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
complete	VB
all	DT
questions	NNS
because	IN
any	DT
question	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
left	VBN
blank	NN
will	MD
be	VB
counted	VBN
wrong	JJ
.	.
Test	NNP
administration	NN
manuals	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
mailed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
test	NN
coordinator	NN
in	IN
March	NNP
.	.
Test	NNP
administration	NN
manuals	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
sent	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
schools	NNS
no	DT
sooner	RBR
than	IN
one	CD
week	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
testing	NN
date	NN
and	CC
may	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
teacher	NN
examiners	NNS
.	.
Answer	NN
sheets	NNS
and	CC
student	NN
test	NN
booklets	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
examiner	NN
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
test	NN
administration	NN
.	.
Principals	NNS
and	CC
teachers	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
reminded	VBN
to	TO
honor	VB
test	NN
security	NN
procedures	NNS
.	.
Teachers	NNPS
may	MD
discuss	VB
skills	NNS
or	CC
concept	NN
deficiencies	NNS
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
specific	JJ
test	NN
items	NNS
missed	VBD
.	.
Specific	JJ
questions	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
reread	VBN
to	TO
students	NNS
.	.
Teachers	NNPS
should	MD
not	RB
even	RB
have	VB
the	DT
Form	NN
T	NNP
test	NN
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
them	PRP
during	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
time	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
not	RB
teach	VB
from	IN
the	DT
test	NN
.	.
The	DT
focus	NN
should	MD
be	VB
on	IN
the	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
knowledge	NN
or	CC
skills	NNS
indicated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
reports	NNS
.	.
Test	NN
security	NN
must	MD
be	VB
maintained	VBN
.	.
SAT-9	SYM
-	:
Form	NN
S	NNP
or	CC
Form	NN
T	NN
may	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
.	.
The	DT
counties	NNS
that	WDT
choose	VBP
Form	NN
S	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
request	VB
WVDE	NNP
to	TO
score	VB
them	PRP
.	.
Seniors	NNS
should	MD
only	RB
retest	VB
in	IN
the	DT
basic	JJ
skill	NN
area	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
meet	VB
the	DT
level	NN
of	IN
warranty	NN
proficiency	NN
they	PRP
wish	VBP
to	TO
achieve	VB
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
if	IN
a	DT
student	NN
had	VBD
a	DT
51st	JJ
percentile	NN
in	IN
mathematics	NNS
,	,
a	DT
48th	JJ
percentile	NN
in	IN
reading	NN
and	CC
a	DT
52nd	JJ
percentile	NN
in	IN
language	NN
,	,
a	DT
Basic	JJ
Warranty	NN
would	MD
require	VB
the	DT
student	NN
to	TO
retest	VB
only	RB
in	IN
reading	NN
and	CC
reach	VB
the	DT
50th	JJ
percentile	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
student	NN
wanted	VBD
a	DT
Proficient	NNP
Warranty	NNP
,	,
they	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
to	TO
retest	VB
in	IN
all	DT
three	CD
tests	NNS
and	CC
achieve	VB
the	DT
70th	JJ
percentile	NN
.	.
If	IN
home-bound	JJ
students	NNS
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
Statewide	NNP
Assessment	NNP
Program	NNP
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
assessed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
or	CC
alternate	JJ
test	NN
site	NN
.	.
Participating	VBG
home-bound	JJ
students	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
follow	VB
all	DT
statewide	JJ
testing	NN
guidelines	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
.	.
Home-bound	JJ
students	NNS
unable	JJ
to	TO
participate	VB
at	IN
the	DT
home	NN
school	NN
or	CC
alternate	JJ
test	NN
site	NN
are	VBP
not	RB
required	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
tested	VBN
.	.
CHOOSE	VB
to	TO
have	VB
their	PRP$
children	NNS
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
Statewide	NNP
Assessment	NNP
Program	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
reside	VBP
.	.
Home-school	JJ
students	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
assigned	VBN
a	DT
school	NN
or	CC
testing	NN
site	NN
to	TO
report	VB
for	IN
testing	NN
.	.
Participating	VBG
home-schooled	JJ
students	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
follow	VB
all	DT
statewide	JJ
testing	NN
guidelines	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
require	VB
teachers	NNS
to	TO
sign	VB
a	DT
test	NN
security	NN
agreement	NN
but	CC
does	VBZ
require	VB
the	DT
principal	NN
to	TO
review	VB
the	DT
Testing	NNP
Code	NNP
of	IN
Ethics	NNPS
and	CC
security	NN
procedures	NNS
with	IN
all	DT
teachers	NNS
.	.
County	NNP
regulations	NNS
may	MD
require	VB
teachers	NNS
to	TO
sign	VB
test	NN
security	NN
agreements	NNS
.	.
Assessment	NNP
as	IN
to	TO
the	DT
assessments	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
wish	VBP
to	TO
participate	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
per	IN
memo	NN
of	IN
9/1/2001	CD
to	TO
all	DT
private	JJ
school	NN
principals	NNS
and	CC
Sister	NNP
Mary	NNP
Lou	NNP
Palas	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
Diocese	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Student	NNP
Services	NNPS
and	CC
Assessment	NNP
will	MD
send	VB
the	DT
materials	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
private	JJ
and	CC
parochial	JJ
schools	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
registered	VBN
with	IN
us	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
County	NNP
Test	NNP
Coordinator	NNP
with	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
materials	NNS
.	.
Decisions	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
on	IN
an	DT
individual	JJ
basis	NN
documented	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
IEP	NNP
by	IN
the	DT
IEP	NNP
Team	NNP
and	CC
reviewed	VBN
annually	RB
at	IN
the	DT
IEP	NNP
review	NN
meeting	NN
.	.
Decisions	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
participation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
student	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
disabled	JJ
and	CC
has	VBZ
a	DT
Section	NN
504	CD
plan	NN
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
Section	NN
504	CD
Committee	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Stanford	NNP
Achievement	NNP
Test	NNP
was	VBD
normed	VBN
using	VBG
all	DT
special	JJ
education	NN
populations	NNS
who	WP
took	VBD
the	DT
test	NN
under	IN
standard	JJ
conditions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
special	JJ
education	NN
students	NNS
used	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
norming	JJ
sample	NN
did	VBD
NOT	NNP
include	VBP
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
moderately	RB
mentally	RB
impaired	VBN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
severe	JJ
and	CC
profound	JJ
,	,
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
students	NNS
whose	WP$
IEP	NNP
modification	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
prevented	VBD
them	PRP
from	IN
being	VBG
tested	VBN
under	IN
the	DT
prescribed	VBN
standardized	JJ
conditions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Alternate	NNP
Assessment	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
approach	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
gather	VB
performance	NN
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
progress	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
with	IN
severe	JJ
disabilities	NNS
who	WP
can	MD
not	RB
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
SAT-9	NNP
.	.
Each	DT
student	NN
will	MD
be	VB
assessed	VBN
on	IN
an	DT
individual	JJ
basis	NN
through	IN
performance	NN
demonstrations	NNS
in	IN
real	JJ
world	NN
situations	NNS
and	CC
settings	NNS
.	.
Data	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
collected	VBN
using	VBG
a	DT
skill	NN
and	CC
performance	NN
level	NN
inventory	NN
and	CC
work	NN
samples	NNS
referenced	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
Instructional	NNP
Goals	NNPS
and	CC
Objectives	NNPS
for	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Schools	NNP
.	.
All	DT
requests	NNS
for	IN
grades	NNS
3	CD
-11	CD
large	JJ
print	NN
or	CC
braille	NN
test	NN
booklets	NNS
should	MD
go	VB
through	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Student	NNP
Services	NNPS
and	CC
Assessment	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Student	NNP
Services	NNPS
and	CC
Assessment	NNP
will	MD
send	VB
the	DT
test	NN
coordinator	NN
all	DT
test	NN
booklets	NNS
that	WDT
were	VBD
requested	VBN
to	TO
date	NN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
we	PRP
send	VBP
your	PRP$
other	JJ
testing	NN
materials	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
note	VB
the	DT
American	JJ
Printing	NNP
House	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Blind	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
provide	VB
the	DT
abbreviated	JJ
versions	NNS
of	IN
SAT-9	NNP
in	IN
large	JJ
print	NN
or	CC
braille	NN
for	IN
K	NNP
-	:
2	LS
.	.
Logistically	RB
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
determines	VBZ
how	WRB
staff	NN
will	MD
be	VB
assigned	VBN
to	TO
administer	VB
the	DT
test	NN
appropriately	RB
to	TO
all	DT
students	NNS
.	.
Other	JJ
staff	NN
may	MD
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
assigned	VBN
to	TO
administer	VB
the	DT
test	NN
to	TO
some	DT
special	JJ
education	NN
students	NNS
or	CC
a	DT
different	JJ
schedule	NN
may	MD
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
.	.
No	DT
,	,
the	DT
scores	NNS
will	MD
not	RB
go	VB
on	IN
the	DT
permanent	JJ
record	NN
.	.
There	EX
will	MD
be	VB
no	DT
labels	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
that	IN
the	DT
results	NNS
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
instructional	JJ
and	CC
diagnostic	JJ
purposes	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
level	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
and	CC
second	JJ
grade	NN
levels	NNS
,	,
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
breaks	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
sections	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
reading	NN
test	NN
.	.
For	IN
grades	NNS
one	CD
and	CC
two	CD
,	,
the	DT
reading	NN
tests	NNS
are	VBP
broken	VBN
into	IN
sections	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
sample	NN
before	IN
each	DT
section	NN
.	.
Breaks	NNS
could	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
at	IN
this	DT
time	NN
-	:
grades	NNS
one	CD
and	CC
two	CD
only	RB
.	.
Breaks	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
about	IN
fifteen	CD
minutes	NNS
.	.
Scholarships	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
for	IN
public	JJ
health	NN
and	CC
physical	JJ
education	NN
teachers	NNS
,	,
school	NN
nurses	NNS
and	CC
selected	VBN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
School	NNP
Food	NNP
Service	NNP
Association	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
school	NN
cooks	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Registration	NN
and	CC
information	NN
brochures	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
mailed	VBN
to	TO
schools	NNS
this	DT
month	NN
.	.
As	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
week-long	JJ
celebration	NN
known	VBN
as	IN
American	JJ
Education	NNP
Week	NN
,	,
communities	NNS
across	IN
the	DT
country	NN
recognize	VBP
their	PRP$
schools	NNS
and	CC
thank	VB
the	DT
people	NNS
who	WP
work	VBP
diligently	RB
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
students	NNS
receive	VBP
a	DT
quality	NN
education	NN
.	.
Violence	NN
,	,
in	IN
any	DT
form	NN
,	,
directed	VBD
at	IN
students	NNS
because	IN
of	IN
their	PRP$
physical	JJ
or	CC
cultural	JJ
characteristics	NNS
or	CC
beliefs	NNS
is	VBZ
intolerable	JJ
in	IN
our	PRP$
schools	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
obligation	NN
to	TO
prevent	VB
,	,
combat	NN
,	,
and	CC
heal	VB
the	DT
wounds	NNS
from	IN
hate	NN
and	CC
discrimination	NN
and	CC
provide	VB
safety	NN
for	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
through	IN
curriculum	NN
and	CC
instruction	NN
,	,
student	NN
support	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
activities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
direct	JJ
interventions	NNS
.	.
Educate	VB
the	DT
whole	JJ
student	NN
intellectually	RB
,	,
creatively	RB
,	,
artistically	RB
,	,
socially	RB
,	,
physically	RB
and	CC
emotionally	RB
;	:
help	VB
students	NNS
to	TO
recognize	VB
their	PRP$
full	JJ
potential	NN
and	CC
encourage	VB
students	NNS
to	TO
become	VB
successful	JJ
members	NNS
of	IN
society	NN
and	CC
lifelong	JJ
learners	NNS
.	.
Conduct	NNP
longitudinal	JJ
studies	NNS
that	WDT
would	MD
include	VB
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
be	VB
limited	VBN
to	TO
,	,
decline	NN
in	IN
teen	JJ
parents	NNS
,	,
unemployment	NN
rates	NNS
,	,
decrease	NN
in	IN
dropout	NN
rate	NN
,	,
decrease	NN
in	IN
jail	NN
populations	NNS
,	,
college	NN
going	VBG
rates	NNS
,	,
%	NN
of	IN
positive	JJ
placements	NNS
in	IN
employment	NN
,	,
voter	NN
registration	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
literacy	NN
rate	NN
.	.
Tracking	NNP
system	NN
for	IN
graduates	NNS
to	TO
determine	VB
postsecondary	JJ
employment	NN
,	,
unemployment	NN
rate	NN
college	NN
attendance	NN
,	,
college	NN
completion	NN
,	,
including	VBG
surveys	NNS
of	IN
parents	NNS
,	,
employers	NNS
former	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
increase	NN
in	IN
the	DT
scores	NNS
on	IN
college	NN
entrance	NN
exams	NNS
.	.
Long-term	JJ
follow-up	JJ
of	IN
students	NNS
,	,
seek	VBP
opinions	NNS
from	IN
business	NN
and	CC
community	NN
,	,
percentage	NN
of	IN
employed	VBN
students	NNS
,	,
percentage	NN
of	IN
registered	VBN
to	TO
vote	VB
,	,
student	NN
satisfaction	NN
survey	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
former	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
percentage	NN
of	IN
incarcerated	JJ
,	,
educational	JJ
census	NN
form	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Student	NN
assessment	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
norm	NN
and	CC
criterion-referenced	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
National	NNP
Writing	VBG
Assessment	NNP
,	,
ACT	NNP
,	,
SAT	NNP
,	,
GRE	NNP
,	,
short-term	JJ
follow-up	JJ
with	IN
students	NNS
,	,
percentage	NN
of	IN
college	NN
attendance	NN
versus	CC
completion	NN
,	,
percentage	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
enrolled\/how	RB
well	RB
we	PRP
help	VBP
students	NNS
choose	VB
careers	NNS
,	,
percentage	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
enrolled\/completing	VBG
other	JJ
programs	NNS
,	,
employer	NN
feedback	NN
,	,
percentage	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
on	IN
public	JJ
assistance	NN
,	,
percentage	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
incarcerated	VBD
,	,
program	NN
assessment	NN
for	IN
individual	JJ
programs	NNS
.	.
Promote	VB
socialization	NN
skills	NNS
and	CC
collaboration	NN
through	IN
having	VBG
students	NNS
work	VBP
together	RB
in	IN
real	JJ
world	NN
and	CC
academic	JJ
projects	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
teach	VB
citizenship	NN
,	,
responsibility	NN
,	,
respect	NN
for	IN
diversity	NN
,	,
self	NN
discipline	NN
,	,
character	NN
education	NN
,	,
community	NN
living	NN
and	CC
life	NN
skills	NNS
.	.
Introduce	VB
students	NNS
to	TO
learning	VBG
systems	NNS
so	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
become	VB
lifelong	JJ
learners	NNS
.	.
These	DT
systems	NNS
are	VBP
different	JJ
for	IN
each	DT
individual	JJ
student	NN
and	CC
the	DT
school	NN
systems	NNS
should	MD
facilitate	VB
the	DT
students	NNS
individual	JJ
learning	VBG
styles	NNS
,	,
where	WRB
they	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
strength	NN
.	.
Lower	JJR
suspension	NN
rate	NN
,	,
lower	JJR
discipline	NN
referrals	NNS
,	,
teacher	NN
lesson	NN
plans	NNS
,	,
club	NN
membership	NN
,	,
documentation	NN
of	IN
peer	VB
mediation	NN
,	,
conflict	NN
resolution	NN
,	,
group	NN
project	NN
evaluation	NN
school	NN
level	NN
and	CC
beyond	IN
,	,
and	CC
community	NN
involvement	NN
.	.
Tracking	NNP
system	NN
by	IN
utilizing	VBG
the	DT
advances	NNS
in	IN
technology	NN
for	IN
individual	JJ
students	NNS
Pre-K	VBP
through	IN
postgrad	NN
.	.
Observation	NN
,	,
test	NN
scores	NNS
,	,
students	NNS
,	,
attendance	NN
,	,
participation	NN
in	IN
extra	JJ
curricular	JJ
activities	NNS
,	,
student	NN
achievement	NN
,	,
lower	JJR
crime	NN
rate	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
reduction	NN
in	IN
discipline	NN
referrals	NNS
.	.
Student	NN
testing	NN
,	,
evaluating	VBG
students	NNS
progression\/achievement	NN
,	,
%	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
receiving	VBG
scholarships	NNS
and	CC
attending	VBG
grad	NN
.	.
rate	NN
,	,
attendance	NN
rate	NN
,	,
existence	NN
and	CC
enrollment	NN
in	IN
pst	NN
secondary	JJ
programs	NNS
,	,
follow	VB
up	RP
study	NN
following	VBG
graduation	NN
,	,
evaluation	NN
implementation	NN
of	IN
standards	NNS
,	,
have	VBP
students	NNS
evaluate	VBP
themselves	PRP
via	IN
survey	NN
,	,
etc	FW
.	.
Number	NN
of	IN
programs\/courses	NNS
offered	VBN
for	IN
exceptional	JJ
abilities	NNS
,	,
percentage	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
participating	VBG
in	IN
Governors	NNP
School	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Arts	NNS
,	,
number	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
identified	VBN
for	IN
services	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
individual	JJ
plans	NNS
,	,
number	NN
of	IN
charter\/magnet	NN
schools	NNS
to	TO
serve	VB
students	NNS
.	.
Utilizing	VBG
test	NN
scores	NNS
balanced	VBN
with	IN
other	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
evaluations	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
student	NN
class	NN
performance	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
i.e.	FW
teacher	NN
prepared	JJ
tests	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
similar	JJ
classroom	NN
evaluations	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
extra-curricular	JJ
activities	NNS
and	CC
student	NN
involvement	NN
.	.
Decrease	NN
number	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
in	IN
college	NN
remedial	JJ
courses	NNS
,	,
employer	NN
satisfaction	NN
in	IN
grads.	NN
,	,
increase	NN
college	NN
completion	NN
rate	NN
,	,
increase	NN
ACT\/SAT	NNP
scores	NNS
,	,
students	NNS
participate	VB
encourage	VB
,	,
extra-curricular	JJ
and	CC
civic	JJ
community	NN
work	NN
based	VBN
activities	NNS
.	.
Effective	JJ
schools	NNS
have	VBP
an	DT
increased	JJ
rate	NN
of	IN
parents	NNS
,	,
employers	NNS
,	,
students	NNS
,	,
school	NN
staff	NN
and	CC
community	NN
members	NNS
who	WP
report	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
safe	JJ
and	CC
is	VBZ
meeting	VBG
the	DT
educational	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
community	NN
.	.
Percentage	NN
of	IN
graduates	NNS
participating	VBG
in	IN
volunteer	NN
activities	NNS
;	:
percentage	NN
of	IN
graduates	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
gainfully	RB
employed	VBN
,	,
participating	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
military	JJ
or	CC
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
postsecondary	JJ
educational	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
percentage	NN
of	IN
graduates	NNS
registering	VBG
to	TO
vote	VB
and	CC
for	IN
selective	JJ
service	NN
.	.
Provide	VB
the	DT
whole	JJ
child	NN
with	IN
a	DT
well-rounded	JJ
education	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
basic	JJ
skills	NNS
,	,
workplace	NN
readiness	NN
skills	NNS
,	,
social	JJ
skills	NNS
,	,
life	NN
skills	NNS
and	CC
critical	JJ
thinking	NN
skills	NNS
to	TO
enable	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
successful	JJ
life	NN
long	RB
learners	NNS
.	.
Prepare	VB
children	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
next	JJ
challenge	NN
by	IN
teaching	VBG
them	PRP
to	TO
think	VB
critically	RB
and	CC
become	VB
lifelong	JJ
learners	NNS
ES	SYM
-	:
reading	NN
,	,
math	NN
,	,
writing	VBG
,	,
technology	NN
MS	NNP
-	:
basic	JJ
academics	NNS
social	JJ
skills	NNS
,	,
transitions	NNS
HS	SYM
-	:
basic	JJ
skills	NNS
and	CC
career	NN
exploration	NN
,	,
clusters	NNS
and	CC
majors	NNS
.	.
Follow-up	JJ
surveys	NNS
of	IN
employment	NN
,	,
college	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
;	:
decrease	NN
welfare	NN
rolls	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
public	JJ
assistance	NN
programs	NNS
;	:
college-going	VBG
rate	NN
and	CC
completion	NN
rate	NN
;	:
employment	NN
rate	NN
;	:
business	NN
satisfaction	NN
regarding	VBG
employees	NNS
.	.
Enrollment	NN
in	IN
alternative	JJ
education	NN
;	:
GED	NNP
,	,
dropout	NN
re-entry	NN
;	:
participation	NN
with	IN
social	JJ
service	NN
agencies	NNS
;	:
ability	NN
to	TO
be	VB
awarded	VBN
grant	NN
dollars	NNS
;	:
number	NN
of	IN
parent	NN
tutors	NNS
;	:
enrollment	NN
in	IN
after-school	JJ
programs	NNS
;	:
summer	NN
youth	NN
program	NN
participation	NN
.	.
Standardized	JJ
and\/or	CC
proficiency	NN
exams	NNS
;	:
report	NN
cards\/grades	NNS
;	:
progress	NN
reports	NNS
;	:
parent-teacher	JJ
conferences	NNS
;	:
students	NNS
'	POS
ability	NN
to	TO
successfully	RB
proceed	VB
through	IN
sequential	JJ
courses	NNS
;	:
post-graduate	JJ
follow-up	JJ
surveys	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
.	.
Number	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
going	VBG
on	IN
to	TO
postsecondary	JJ
education	NN
;	:
number	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
successfully	RB
completing	VBG
1st	CD
year	NN
of	IN
college	NN
;	:
community	NN
service	NN
;	:
number	NN
of	IN
participants	NNS
in	IN
continuing	VBG
education	NN
courses	NNS
;	:
survey	NN
of	IN
community	NN
.	.
Parent	NNP
involvement	NN
LSICs	NNP
spot	NN
checks	NNS
in	IN
halls	NNS
satisfaction	NN
surveys	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
parents	NNS
,	,
students	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
have	VBP
structure	NN
in	IN
place	NN
to	TO
measure	VB
,	,
lockdown	JJ
procedures	NNS
and	CC
practice	NN
,	,
policies	NNS
in	IN
place	NN
and	CC
evaluated	VBD
,	,
ER	NNP
procedures	NNS
partnerships	NNS
with	IN
community	NN
number	NN
of	IN
volunteers	NNS
number	NN
of	IN
suspensions	NNS
,	,
expulsions	NNS
.	.
Use	NNP
accountability	NN
measures	VBZ
to	TO
produce	VB
higher	JJR
graduation	NN
rates	NNS
,	,
employable	JJ
graduates	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
continue	VB
their	PRP$
education	NN
,	,
high	JJ
levels	NNS
of	IN
community	NN
involvement	NN
,	,
and	CC
which	WDT
graduates	NNS
produce	VBP
children	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
more	RBR
prepared	JJ
for	IN
school	NN
as	IN
evidenced	VBN
by	IN
positive	JJ
employer	NN
feedback	NN
,	,
increased	VBD
business	NN
and	CC
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
in	IN
communities	NNS
with	IN
lower	JJR
crime	NN
rates	NNS
.	.
Internal	NNP
and	CC
external	JJ
positioning	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
system	NN
,	,
reward	NN
quality	NN
performance	NN
fundamental	JJ
changes	NNS
to	TO
school	NN
personnel	NNS
law	NN
,	,
including	VBG
reduction	NN
of	IN
teacher	NN
pupil	NN
ratio	NN
,	,
and	CC
adequate	JJ
funding	NN
for	IN
education	NN
and	CC
performance	NN
incentives	NNS
.	.
Students	NNS
,	,
teachers	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
an	DT
counselors	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
better	JJR
informed	VBN
as	IN
to	TO
the	DT
opportunities	NNS
that	WDT
exist	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
workplace	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
postsecondary	JJ
education	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Including	VBG
technical	JJ
and	CC
adult	JJ
education	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
college	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Increase	VB
efforts	NNS
in	IN
teaching	NN
responsibility	NN
and	CC
requiring	VBG
students	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
higher	JJR
standards	NNS
in	IN
classrooms	NNS
to	TO
prepare	VB
them	PRP
for	IN
standards	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
workforce	NN
ie.	FW
,	,
on	IN
time	NN
,	,
work	NN
completed	VBN
,	,
appropriate	JJ
dress	NN
,	,
required	VBN
attendance	NN
,	,
discipline	NN
and	CC
hold	VB
to	TO
consequences	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
teaching	NN
,	,
tell	VBP
students	NNS
the	DT
``	``
why	WRB
''	''
of	IN
what	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
learning	VBG
;	:
strengthen	VB
role-playing	NN
and	CC
simulated	JJ
decision-making	NN
scenarios	NNS
;	:
lengthen	VB
school	NN
day	NN
or	CC
school	NN
year	NN
;	:
provide	VB
extra	JJ
training	NN
for	IN
teachers	NNS
in	IN
what	WP
teaching	NN
is	VBZ
really	RB
about	RB
;	:
provide	VB
paid	VBN
release	NN
time	NN
for	IN
teachers	NNS
to	TO
attend	VB
professional	JJ
development	NN
;	:
return	NN
autonomy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
classrooms	NNS
to	TO
teachers	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
responsible	JJ
behavior	NN
and	CC
critical	JJ
thinking	NN
in	IN
students	NNS
.	.
Number	NN
of	IN
college	NN
teacher	NN
education	NN
programs	NNS
;	:
number	NN
of	IN
quality	NN
professional	JJ
development	NN
opportunities	NNS
;	:
success	NN
rate	NN
on	IN
Praxis	NNP
;	:
review	NN
data	NNS
for	IN
clusters\/majors	NNS
;	:
out	RP
-	:
of-field	JJ
certificates	NNS
;	:
unfilled	JJ
teacher	NN
vacancies	NNS
;	:
state	NN
ranking	NN
of	IN
teacher	NN
salaries	NNS
.	.
Follow	VB
up	RP
studies	NNS
which	WDT
include	VBP
student	NN
follow	VB
up	RP
studies	NNS
,	,
community	NN
health	NN
assessments	NNS
,	,
and	CC
participation	NN
assessment	NN
that	WDT
shows	VBZ
how	WRB
education	NN
has	VBZ
affected	VBN
society	NN
,	,
ie.	FW
,	,
voting	NN
,	,
parent	NN
involvement	NN
,	,
job	NN
performance	NN
,	,
and	CC
community	NN
involvement	NN
.	.
Attract	VB
quality	NN
teachers	NNS
by	IN
increasing	VBG
entry	NN
level	NN
pay	NN
and	CC
continue	VB
to	TO
provide	VB
pay	NN
increases	NNS
throughout	IN
work	NN
career	NN
levels	NNS
of	IN
pay	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
masters	NNS
in	IN
teachers	NNS
.	.
Also	RB
pay	NN
for	IN
National	NNP
Teacher	NN
Certification	NN
.	.
Increase	VB
salaries	NNS
for	IN
education	NN
personnel	NNS
;	:
scholarship	NN
program	NN
for	IN
prospective	JJ
teachers	NNS
;	:
revise	VB
educator	NN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
;	:
economic	JJ
and	CC
professional	JJ
incentives	NNS
for	IN
educators	NNS
to	TO
further	VB
their	PRP$
education	NN
;	:
lengthen	VB
employment	NN
term	NN
;	:
workplace	NN
experience	NN
for	IN
teachers	NNS
.	.
Public	NNP
education	NN
and	CC
higher	JJR
education	NN
need	NN
to	TO
communicate	VB
to	TO
establish	VB
a	DT
coordinated	VBN
curriculum	NN
which	WDT
adequately	RB
prepares	VBZ
students	NNS
for	IN
living	VBG
and	CC
working	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
dynamically	RB
changing	VBG
economy	NN
in	IN
a	DT
worldwide	NN
marketplace	NN
.	.
Children	NNS
should	MD
receive	VB
a	DT
well-rounded	JJ
education	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
but	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
basic	JJ
skills	NNS
,	,
life	NN
skills	NNS
,	,
fundamentals	NNS
in	IN
humanities	NNS
,	,
mathematics	NNS
,	,
sciences	NNS
,	,
language	NN
,	,
problem	NN
solving	VBG
,	,
and	CC
critical	JJ
thinking	NN
skills	NNS
.	.
Real	JJ
site-based	JJ
management	NN
run	VBN
by	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
community	NN
.	.
Lower	JJR
class	NN
size	NN
,	,
fully	RB
equipped	VBN
labs	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
kinds	NNS
,	,
competitive	JJ
recruiting	NN
and	CC
retention	NN
of	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
strong	JJ
evaluation	NN
and	CC
termination	NN
of	IN
poor	JJ
teachers	NNS
.	.
More	JJR
support	NN
for	IN
public	JJ
education	NN
.	.
Improve	VB
student	NN
discipline	NN
,	,
decision-making	JJ
power	NN
at	IN
local	JJ
level	NN
with	IN
teacher	NN
and	CC
principals	NNS
,	,
more	JJR
authority	NN
for	IN
teachers	NNS
.	.
Smaller	JJR
schools	NNS
with	IN
smaller	JJR
population	NN
or	CC
method	NN
for	IN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
large	JJ
populations	NNS
.	.
Provide	VB
meaningful	JJ
professional	JJ
development	NN
so	IN
that	IN
all	DT
teachers	NNS
can	MD
integrate	VB
diversity	NN
education	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
particular	JJ
.	.
Diversity	NN
education	NN
throughout	IN
curriculum	NN
areas	NNS
.	.
Provide	VB
more	JJR
resources	NNS
funding	NN
,	,
curriculum	NN
,	,
resources	NNS
.	.
Table	NNP
7	CD
:	:
Prepare	VB
students	NNS
for	IN
active	JJ
and	CC
productive	JJ
lives	NNS
boths	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
work	NN
place	NN
and	CC
at	IN
home	NN
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
the	DT
basic	JJ
ideas	NNS
that	IN
they	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
successful	JJ
adults	NNS
and	CC
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
compete	VB
in	IN
a	DT
global	JJ
job	NN
market	NN
economy	NN
.	.
Parent	NNP
participation	NN
in	IN
school	NN
activities	NNS
,	,
PTA	NNP
,	,
school	NN
volunteers	NNS
and	CC
business	NN
partners	NNS
job	NN
shadowing	VBG
,	,
coop	NN
participation	NN
.	.
Post	NNP
graduation	NN
follow	VB
up	RB
,	,
selected	VBN
rubrics	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
arts	NNS
,	,
community	NN
service	NN
involvement	NN
,	,
reduction	NN
in	IN
incarcerated	JJ
youth	NN
,	,
number	NN
of	IN
successful	JJ
arts	NNS
programs	NNS
,	,
number	NN
of	IN
contest	NN
winners	NNS
,	,
number	NN
of	IN
arts	NNS
programs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
measurement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
quality	NN
of	IN
participation	NN
.	.
Regarding	VBG
the	DT
productive	JJ
citizens	NNS
and	CC
life	NN
long	RB
learning	VBG
aspects	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
number	NN
one	CD
purpose	NN
,	,
we	PRP
should	MD
examine	VB
survey	NN
alumni	NNS
graduates	VBZ
to	TO
determine	VB
their	PRP$
level	NN
of	IN
community	NN
service	NN
and	CC
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
they	PRP
are	VBP
registered	VBN
voters	NNS
and	CC
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
they	PRP
have	VBP
gone	VBN
on	IN
to	TO
higher	JJR
education	NN
or	CC
the	DT
workplace	NN
.	.
Vote	NN
,	,
volunteerism	NN
increases	NNS
,	,
reduction	NN
in	IN
road	NN
rage	NN
,	,
and	CC
litering	VBG
attendance	NN
at	IN
local	JJ
government	NN
meetings	NNS
willing	JJ
to	TO
serve	VB
on	IN
local	JJ
government	NN
associations	NNS
,	,
violent	JJ
crime	NN
rate	NN
decreases	VBZ
,	,
membership	NN
in	IN
civic	JJ
groups	NNS
and	CC
volunteer	NN
organizations	NNS
,	,
job	NN
turnover	NN
rates	NNS
declined	VBD
,	,
work	NN
force	NN
more	RBR
competitive	JJ
internationally	RB
and	CC
decrease	NN
in	IN
illiterarcy	NN
rate	NN
.	.
Postsecondary	JJ
success	NN
,	,
employer	NN
satisfaction	NN
,	,
employment	NN
rates	NNS
,	,
graduate	NN
surveys	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
age	NN
20-25	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
reports	VBZ
from	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
,	,
equitable	JJ
educational	JJ
opportunities	NNS
,	,
assessment	NN
of	IN
all	DT
available	JJ
resources	NNS
and	CC
inputs	NNS
,	,
performance	NN
on	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
indicators	NNS
across	IN
student	NN
groups	NNS
.	.
Identify	VB
ways	NNS
that	WDT
define	VBP
student	NN
ability	NN
,	,
identify	VB
ways	NNS
that	WDT
define	VBP
student	NN
ability	NN
,	,
share	NN
teaching	NN
styles	NNS
,	,
use	NN
cross	NN
curriculum	NN
teaching	NN
,	,
and	CC
change	VB
textbooks	NNS
curriculum	NN
and	CC
allow	VB
more	JJR
involvement	NN
by	IN
local	JJ
community	NN
in	IN
selection	NN
process	NN
.	.
Cross	NNP
curriculum	NN
teaching	NN
,	,
less	JJR
multiple	JJ
choice	NN
tests	NNS
,	,
use	VBP
real	JJ
world	NN
situations	NNS
in	IN
assessments	NNS
,	,
allow	VBP
more	JJR
time	NN
for	IN
teachers	NNS
to	TO
plan	VB
,	,
develop	VB
,	,
grade	NN
assessments	NNS
.	.
Promote	VB
school	NN
in	IN
positive	JJ
light	NN
,	,
make	VBP
schools	NNS
parent	NN
friendly	JJ
,	,
have	VBP
more	JJR
community	NN
appreciation	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
for\/by	JJ
parents	NNS
teachers	NNS
held	VBN
in	IN
neutral	JJ
locations	NNS
e.g.	FW
,	,
church	NN
,	,
library	NN
.	.
Continue	VB
early	JJ
intervention	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
reading	NN
standards	NNS
,	,
for	IN
local	JJ
state	NN
and	CC
national	JJ
levels	NNS
more	RBR
intervention	NN
programs	NNS
to	TO
earlier	JJR
grades	NNS
.	.
Extended	JJ
school	NN
with	IN
increased	VBN
flexibility	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
kids	NNS
needs	NNS
.	.
Require	VB
all	DT
educators	NNS
to	TO
attend	VB
staff	NN
development	NN
on	IN
effectively	RB
working	VBG
with	IN
special	JJ
needs	NNS
students	NNS
and	CC
then	RB
implement	VB
what	WP
they	PRP
have	VBP
learned	VBN
.	.
Require	VB
educators	NNS
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
work-based	JJ
learning	NN
experience	NN
outside	IN
the	DT
education	NN
field	NN
.	.
Provide	VB
adequate	JJ
staffing	NN
through	IN
a	DT
change	NN
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
aid	NN
formula	NN
make	VBP
salary\/benefit	NN
package	NN
more	RBR
lucrative	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
rather	RB
than	IN
lowering	VBG
standards	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
allow	VB
for	IN
salary	NN
differentials	NNS
,	,
eliminate	VB
non-academic	JJ
interruptions	NNS
,	,
increase	NN
time	NN
on	IN
task	NN
especially	RB
in	IN
elementary	JJ
education	NN
,	,
and	CC
reduce	VB
class	NN
size	NN
.	.
Review	NNP
and	CC
revise	VB
graduation	NN
requirements	NNS
,	,
place	VBP
more	JJR
emphasis	NN
on	IN
citizenship	NN
courses	NNS
,	,
K-2	NN
stress	NN
basics	NNS
,	,
more	RBR
alternative	JJ
education	NN
,	,
balanced	JJ
curriculum	NN
,	,
develop	VB
funding	VBG
formula	NN
that	WDT
are	VBP
market	NN
driven	VBN
,	,
ie.	FW
,	,
pay	VB
teachers	NNS
more	RBR
,	,
where	WRB
there	EX
are	VBP
greater	JJR
needs	NNS
.	.
Promote	VB
smaller	JJR
high	JJ
schools	NNS
,	,
and	CC
support	NN
other	JJ
forms	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
ie	FW
home	NN
schooling	NN
,	,
private	JJ
,	,
virtual	JJ
schools	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
funding	VBG
formula	NN
changes	NNS
that	WDT
result	VBP
in	IN
equal	JJ
educational	JJ
opportunities	NNS
,	,
greater	JJR
emphasis	NN
on	IN
happy	JJ
lifestyles	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
focus	NN
on	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
.	.
All	DT
students	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
prepared	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
respectful	JJ
,	,
responsible	JJ
and	CC
productive	JJ
citizens	NNS
with	IN
academic	JJ
preparedness	NN
informed	VBN
critical	JJ
thinkers	NNS
,	,
appreciation	NN
of	IN
cultural	JJ
endeavors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
focus	VB
on	IN
protecting	VBG
and	CC
conserving	VBG
the	DT
environment	NN
.	.
Thorough	JJ
high	JJ
quality	NN
education	NN
:	:
achievement	NN
testing	NN
with	IN
exceptions	NNS
,	,
retention	NN
rates	NNS
,	,
variety	NN
of	IN
assessment	NN
portfolio	NN
,	,
statewide	JJ
mastery	NN
,	,
align	VB
assessment	NN
with	IN
curriculum	NN
,	,
measure	NN
value	NN
added	VBD
growth	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
.	.
Increase	VB
initial	JJ
college	NN
going	VBG
rate	NN
,	,
increase	NN
enrollments	NNS
in	IN
post-secondary	JJ
education	NN
,	,
analyze	VBP
student	NN
follow	VB
up	RP
students	NNS
,	,
provide	VB
and	CC
participate	VB
in	IN
learning	NN
and	CC
opportunities	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
community	NN
,	,
and	CC
track	NN
non	NN
traditional	JJ
students	NNS
returning	VBG
to	TO
participate	VB
educational	JJ
opportunities	NNS
.	.
Curriculum	NN
aligned	VBN
to	TO
promote	VB
critical	JJ
thinking	NN
assessments	NNS
that	WDT
measure	VBP
critical	JJ
thinking	NN
,	,
personnel	NNS
evaluations	NNS
include	VBP
critical	JJ
thinking	NN
measures	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
make	VB
connections	NNS
to	TO
life	NN
situations	NNS
.	.
Equal	NNP
financial	JJ
resources	NNS
for	IN
districts	NNS
,	,
opportunities	NNS
obtainable	JJ
for	IN
student	NN
diversity	NN
handicapped	JJ
accessibility	NN
,	,
maximize	VB
access	NN
to	TO
vigorous	JJ
programming	NN
for	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
and	CC
appropriate	JJ
staff	NN
for	IN
program	NN
delivery	NN
.	.
Educate	VB
whole	JJ
child	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
3Rs	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
life	NN
skills	NNS
:	:
civic	JJ
index	NN
survey	NN
self-assess	JJ
community	NN
civic	JJ
life	NN
,	,
grade	NN
level	NN
testing	NN
,	,
assess	VBP
student	NN
governance	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
find	VB
way	NN
to	TO
do	VB
this	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
student	NN
outcomes	NNS
attendance	NN
rate	NN
,	,
graduation	NN
rate	NN
,	,
dropout	NN
rate	NN
,	,
follow-up	JJ
studies	NNS
,	,
post	NN
high	JJ
school	NN
activities	NNS
,	,
juvenile	JJ
crime	NN
rate	NN
,	,
and	CC
discipline	NN
data	NNS
from	IN
WVEIS	NNP
.	.
Broaden	VB
education	NN
,	,
self-assess	JJ
curriculum	NN
,	,
connections	NNS
with	IN
community	NN
-	:
community	NN
business	NN
surveys	NNS
student	NN
surveys	NNS
#	#
of	IN
community	NN
youth	NN
programs	NNS
the	DT
school	NN
uses	VBZ
or	CC
partners	NNS
with	IN
after	IN
school	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Increased	VBN
graduation	NN
rate	NN
,	,
fewer	JJR
suspensions	NNS
discipline	NN
referrals	NNS
,	,
lowered	VBD
crime	NN
rate	NN
,	,
increased	VBD
attendance	NN
,	,
increased	VBD
post	NN
secondary	JJ
going	VBG
rates	NNS
and	CC
number	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
employed	VBN
in	IN
field	NN
and	CC
trained	VBN
,	,
health	NN
needs	NNS
are	VBP
met	VBN
teen	JJ
pregnancy	NN
,	,
Presidents	NNP
physical	JJ
fitness	NN
,	,
overall	JJ
wellness	JJ
well-child	JJ
care	NN
,	,
more	JJR
students	NNS
involved	VBN
in	IN
community	NN
,	,
student	NN
mastery	NN
of	IN
IGOs	NNS
.	.
Adequately	RB
resources	NNS
provided	VBN
,	,
student	NN
take	VB
more	JJR
advanced	JJ
,	,
upper-level	JJ
,	,
AP	NNP
,	,
college	NN
courses	NNS
,	,
increase	NN
in	IN
entrepreneurs	NNS
an	DT
d	SYM
students	NNS
receiving	VBG
industry	NN
credentials	NNS
,	,
positive	JJ
feedback	NN
on	IN
parent	NN
and	CC
employer	NN
student	NN
surveys	NNS
.	.
Alternative	NNP
assessments	NNS
used	VBD
throughout	IN
K-12	NN
to	TO
measure	VB
individual	JJ
student	NN
success	NN
,	,
performance	NN
based	VBN
assessments	NNS
Increase	VBP
in	IN
number	NN
of	IN
hours	NNS
of	IN
staff	NN
development	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
both	DT
content	JJ
specific	NN
and	CC
builds	VBZ
connections	NNS
between\/among	VBG
all	DT
levels	NNS
and	CC
all	DT
staff	NN
.	.
Teachers	NNPS
use	VBP
research-based	JJ
practices	NNS
in	IN
classroom	NN
.	.
Test	NN
scores	NNS
improve	VBP
.	.
Thorough	JJ
high	JJ
quality	NN
education	NN
,	,
intensified	VBN
phonics	NNS
,	,
more	JJR
teachers	NNS
service	NN
personnel	NNS
,	,
reevaluate	VBP
promotion	NN
process	NN
,	,
eliminate	VB
tenure	NN
,	,
link	NN
K-12	NN
and	CC
high	JJ
education	NN
curriculum	NN
standards	NNS
,	,
provide	VBP
proper	JJ
funding	NN
back	RB
teachers	NNS
to	TO
have	VB
more	JJR
planning	NN
time	NN
,	,
make	VBP
teaching	NN
fun	NN
again	RB
,	,
and	CC
funding	NN
for	IN
outside	JJ
activities	NNS
.	.
Fund	NNP
facilities	NNS
and	CC
teacher	NN
salaries	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
serious	JJ
level	NN
take	VBP
caps	NNS
off	IN
ne	NN
enrollment	NN
and	CC
reexamine	VB
state	NN
funding	NN
formulas	NNS
and	CC
policies	NNS
.	.
Funding	NNP
for	IN
arts	NNS
and	CC
humanities	NNS
mandates	NNS
and	CC
funding	NN
for	IN
art	NN
teachers	NNS
,	,
librarians	NNS
.	.
Flexible	JJ
avenues	NNS
to	TO
certification	NN
reevaluate	VBP
the	DT
certification	NN
system	NN
.	.
Need	VBN
to	TO
build	VB
the	DT
capacity	NN
of	IN
educators	NNS
to	TO
serve	VB
the	DT
new	JJ
child	NN
diverse	JJ
learners	NNS
in	IN
dysfunctional	JJ
families	NNS
in	IN
changed	VBN
and	CC
changing	VBG
communities	NNS
.	.
Increase	VB
teacher	NN
quality	NN
across	IN
the	DT
state	NN
through	IN
staff	NN
development	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
research	NN
,	,
intensive	JJ
,	,
on-going	JJ
and	CC
monitored	VBD
.	.
Full	JJ
time	NN
counselors	NNS
in	IN
all	DT
schools	NNS
at	IN
all	DT
levels	NNS
plus	CC
provisional	JJ
of	IN
social	JJ
services	NNS
as	IN
needed	VBN
.	.
Change	NNP
assessment	NN
from	IN
norm	NN
referenced	VBN
to	TO
criterion	NN
referenced	VBD
.	.
Teacher	NN
contracts	NNS
to	TO
include	VB
more	JJR
time	NN
for	IN
staff	NN
development	NN
.	.
Increase	VB
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
school	NN
readiness	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
after	IN
school	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Increase	VB
salary	NN
,	,
benefits	NNS
,	,
and	CC
create	VB
a	DT
career	NN
ladder	NN
for	IN
educators	NNS
,	,
change	VB
the	DT
funding	NN
formula	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
unique	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
county	NN
systems	NNS
,	,
decrease	VBP
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
paper	NN
work	NN
required	VBN
of	IN
educators	NNS
,	,
and	CC
increase	VB
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
support	NN
personnel	NNS
,	,
Increase	VB
collaboration	NN
among	IN
community	NN
service	NN
agencies	NNS
to	TO
increase	VB
school	NN
resources	NNS
.	.
Increase	VB
local	JJ
control	NN
as	IN
opposed	VBN
to	TO
state	NN
mandates	NNS
,	,
increase	NN
individual	JJ
control	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
district	NN
increase	NN
partnerships	NNS
with	IN
community	NN
resources	NNS
,	,
eliminate	VB
unfunded	JJ
mandates	NNS
,	,
reduce	VB
time	NN
students	NNS
spend	VBP
on	IN
buses	NNS
.	.
Get	VB
rid	JJ
of	IN
funding	VBG
structure	NN
by	IN
equalizing	VBG
corporate	JJ
land	NN
taxation	NN
by	IN
that	DT
of	IN
private	JJ
citizens	NNS
,	,
counselors	NNS
and	CC
nurses	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
counted	VBN
as	IN
teachers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
formula	NN
,	,
increase	VB
parental	JJ
decision	NN
making	VBG
at	IN
the	DT
state	NN
and	CC
local	JJ
levels	NNS
,	,
increase	NN
instruction	NN
time	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
,	,
and	CC
provide	VB
all	DT
students	NNS
with	IN
opportunities	NNS
to	TO
engage	VB
in	IN
challenging	JJ
curriculum	NN
.	.
Require	VB
librarians	NNS
and	CC
art	NN
teachers	NNS
in	IN
all	DT
schools	NNS
and	CC
change	VB
the	DT
funding	NN
formula	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
for	IN
this	DT
,	,
lower	JJR
student\/teacher	NN
ratio	NN
,	,
decrease	NN
paper	NN
work	NN
and	CC
reports	NNS
,	,
change	NN
personnel	NNS
laws	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
rid	JJ
of	IN
ineffective	JJ
personnel	NNS
,	,
and	CC
add	VB
to	TO
what	WP
we	PRP
evaluate	VBP
for	IN
teachers	NNS
.	.
Change	NNP
the	DT
funding	VBG
formula	NN
,	,
staff	NN
development	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
teaches	VBZ
with	IN
variety	NN
of	IN
teaching	NN
strategies	NNS
,	,
challenge	NN
more	RBR
advanced	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
and	CC
stop	VB
promoting	VBG
non	JJ
readers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
improve	VB
and	CC
increase	VB
support	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Obviously	RB
,	,
the	DT
provision	NN
of	IN
resources	NNS
alone	RB
is	VBZ
not	RB
an	DT
adequate	JJ
measure	NN
of	IN
whether	IN
a	DT
thorough	JJ
and	CC
efficient	JJ
system	NN
of	IN
education	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
provided	VBN
to	TO
students	NNS
,	,
said	VBD
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
is	VBZ
convinced	VBN
that	IN
student	NN
achievement	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
only	JJ
accurate	JJ
measurement	NN
of	IN
how	WRB
well	RB
a	DT
system	NN
is	VBZ
meeting	VBG
its	PRP$
responsibility	NN
.	.
``	``
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
has	VBZ
many	JJ
outstanding	JJ
schools	NNS
,	,
''	''
Smedley	NNP
explained	VBD
.	.
``	``
These	DT
schools	NNS
were	VBD
selected	VBN
because	IN
they	PRP
exhibit	VBP
the	DT
attributes	NNS
found	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
's	POS
best	JJS
schools	NNS
.	.
Following	VBG
a	DT
thorough	JJ
review	NN
of	IN
applications	NNS
and	CC
intensive	JJ
on-site	JJ
reviews	NNS
,	,
committee	NN
members	NNS
selected	VBN
21	CD
schools	NNS
for	IN
these	DT
prestigious	JJ
honors	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
Education	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
partnership	NN
involving	VBG
students	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
,	,
educators	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
community	NN
,	,
''	''
Nicholson	NNP
said	VBD
.	.
``	``
By	IN
working	VBG
together	RB
,	,
we	PRP
can	MD
provide	VB
all	DT
students	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
solid	JJ
foundation	NN
of	IN
learning	VBG
and	CC
achievement	NN
.	.
''	''
Educators	NNP
in	IN
year-round	JJ
schools	NNS
utilize	VBP
these	DT
breaks	NNS
,	,
called	VBN
intersessions	NNS
,	,
to	TO
help	VB
students	NNS
needing	VBG
additional	JJ
assistance	NN
catch	VB
up	RP
with	IN
their	PRP$
classmates	NNS
.	.
Instead	RB
of	IN
having	VBG
to	TO
wait	VB
until	IN
summer	NN
school	NN
to	TO
learn	VB
material	NN
they	PRP
've	VBP
missed	VBN
,	,
students	NNS
who	WP
fall	VBP
behind	IN
in	IN
year-round	JJ
schools	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
helped	VBN
during	IN
intersessions	NNS
scheduled	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
year	NN
.	.
Bring	VB
a	DT
passion	NN
for	IN
education	NN
and	CC
education	NN
reform	NN
and	CC
a	DT
record	NN
of	IN
measurable	JJ
accomplishments	NNS
in	IN
previous	JJ
organizations	NNS
or	CC
systems	NNS
.	.
S\/he	NN
shall	MD
have	VB
a	DT
personal	JJ
appreciation	NN
for	IN
excellent	JJ
teaching	NN
and	CC
a	DT
proven	JJ
track	NN
record	NN
for	IN
inspiring	JJ
such	JJ
teaching	NN
.	.
The	DT
Responsible	JJ
Students	NNS
program	NN
,	,
teaches	VBZ
responsible	JJ
behavior	NN
by	IN
clearly	RB
identifying	VBG
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
standards	NNS
,	,
expectations	NNS
and	CC
rewards	NNS
for	IN
positive	JJ
behavior	NN
and	CC
class	NN
preparedness	NN
.	.
It	PRP
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
non-threatening	JJ
atmosphere	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
teachers	NNS
can	MD
teach	VB
and	CC
students	NNS
can	MD
learn	VB
.	.
By	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
1997-98	CD
school	NN
year	NN
,	,
more	JJR
than	IN
47	CD
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
schools	NNS
were	VBD
validated	VBN
as	IN
demonstration	NN
sites	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Responsible	JJ
Students	NNS
program	NN
.	.
In	IN
1998	CD
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Marockie	NNP
directed	VBD
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
education	NN
professionals	NNS
to	TO
evaluate	VB
additional	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
schools	NNS
safer	JJR
.	.
The	DT
team	NN
developed	VBD
seven	CD
recommendations	NNS
that	WDT
address	VBP
safe	JJ
security	NN
measures	NNS
for	IN
buildings	NNS
and	CC
grounds	NNS
and	CC
address	VB
the	DT
climate	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
Dr.	NNP
Henry	NNP
Marockie	NNP
,	,
an	DT
application	NN
training	NN
session	NN
will	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
for	IN
all	DT
interested	JJ
eligible	JJ
applicants	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
Charleston	NNP
Marriott	NNP
Hotel	NNP
at	IN
9:15	CD
a.m.	RB
,	,
February	NNP
11	CD
.	.
All	DT
eligible	JJ
applicants	NNS
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
attend	VB
the	DT
session	NN
to	TO
gain	VB
valuable	JJ
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
application	NN
process	NN
.	.
Applications	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
postmarked	VBN
no	RB
later	RB
than	IN
April	NNP
7	CD
,	,
1999	CD
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
follow	VBP
the	DT
link	NN
below	IN
you	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
all	DT
board	NN
offices	NNS
and	CC
schools	NNS
contained	VBD
within	IN
the	DT
WV	NNP
Education	NNP
Directory	NNP
.	.
After	IN
the	DT
list	NN
is	VBZ
shown	VBN
inside	IN
your	PRP$
browser	NN
you	PRP
may	MD
select	VB
File	NNP
--	:
-RRB-	-RRB-
Save	NNP
to	TO
save	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
your	PRP$
computer	NN
.	.
Make	NNP
sure	JJ
to	TO
change	VB
the	DT
Save	NNP
As	IN
option	NN
to	TO
Text	NN
or	CC
Plain	JJ
Text	NN
.	.
Microsoft	NNP
Office	NNP
Specialist	NNP
certification	NN
,	,
the	DT
premier	NN
Microsoft	NNP
desktop	NN
certification	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
globally	RB
recognized	VBN
standard	NN
for	IN
demonstrating	VBG
desktop	NN
skills	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
helps	VBZ
meet	VB
the	DT
demand	NN
for	IN
qualified	VBN
and	CC
knowledgeable	JJ
people	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
modern	JJ
workplace	NN
.	.
When	WRB
considering	VBG
who	WP
to	TO
hire	VB
from	IN
among	IN
otherwise	RB
equally	RB
qualified	VBN
candidates	NNS
,	,
a	DT
certificate	NN
verifying	VBG
competency	NN
in	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
Microsoft	NNP
Office	NNP
programs	NNS
may	MD
well	RB
be	VB
the	DT
deciding	VBG
factor	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
applicants	NNS
who	WP
attend	VBP
classes	NNS
,	,
on	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
time	NN
,	,
to	TO
develop	VB
their	PRP$
computer	NN
skills	NNS
show	VBP
initiative	NN
and	CC
a	DT
commitment	NN
to	TO
personal	JJ
excellence	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
valuable	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
Project	NNP
Achieve	NNP
-	:
Lesson	NN
PlansDescription	NNP
Project	NNP
Achieve	NNP
provides	VBZ
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Achieve	NNP
Resource	NNP
Center	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ARC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
suite	NN
of	IN
educational	JJ
tools	NNS
and	CC
activities	NNS
.	.
ARC	NNP
contains	VBZ
a	DT
library	NN
of	IN
tens	NNS
of	IN
thousands	NNS
of	IN
resources	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
linked	VBN
to	TO
state	NN
standards	NNS
.	.
As	IN
mandated	VBN
by	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18-2E-4	NNP
,	,
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
report	NN
card	NN
containing	VBG
school	NN
,	,
county	NN
,	,
and	CC
state	NN
data	NNS
is	VBZ
generated	VBN
and	CC
disseminated	VBN
annually	RB
.	.
This	DT
publication	NN
contains	VBZ
concise	JJ
,	,
non	JJ
technical	JJ
data	NNS
on	IN
items	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
student	NN
achievement	NN
,	,
attendance	NN
rate	NN
,	,
dropout	NN
rate	NN
,	,
average	JJ
class	NN
size	NN
,	,
and	CC
county-level	JJ
instructional	JJ
and	CC
non	JJ
instructional	JJ
expenditures	NNS
.	.
Virginia	NNP
schools	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
assure	VB
a	DT
nurturing	NN
and	CC
orderly	JJ
,	,
safe	JJ
,	,
drug-free	JJ
,	,
violence	NN
-	:
and	CC
harassment-free	JJ
learning	NN
environment	NN
that	WDT
supports	VBZ
student	NN
academic	JJ
achievement	NN
and	CC
personal-social	JJ
development	NN
.	.
Virginia	NNP
during	IN
any	DT
education-sponsored	JJ
event	NN
,	,
whether	IN
in	IN
a	DT
classroom	NN
,	,
elsewhere	RB
on	IN
school	NN
premises	NNS
,	,
on	IN
a	DT
school	NN
bus	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
vehicle	NN
used	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
school	NN
related	VBN
event	NN
,	,
or	CC
at	IN
a	DT
school-sponsored	JJ
activity	NN
or	CC
event	NN
,	,
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
held	VBN
on	IN
school	NN
premises	NNS
,	,
in	IN
a	DT
building	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
property	NN
used	VBN
or	CC
operated	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
Regional	NNP
Education	NNP
Service	NNP
Agency	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
RESA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
or	CC
in	IN
another	DT
facility	NN
being	VBG
used	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
of	IN
those	DT
agencies	NNS
.	.
Education	NNP
Policy	NNP
2422.5	CD
A	DT
,	,
Tobacco-Free	NNP
Schools	NNP
,	,
a	DT
student	NN
will	MD
not	RB
smoke	VB
,	,
use	VB
tobacco	NN
,	,
or	CC
possess	VB
any	DT
substance	NN
containing	VBG
tobacco	NN
in	IN
any	DT
building\/area	NN
under	IN
the	DT
control	NN
of	IN
a	DT
county	NN
school	NN
system	NN
,	,
including	VBG
all	DT
activities	NNS
or	CC
events	NNS
sponsored	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
school	NN
district	NN
.	.
The	DT
investigation	NN
may	MD
also	RB
consist	VB
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
methods	NNS
and	CC
review	NN
of	IN
circumstances	NNS
deemed	VBD
pertinent	JJ
by	IN
the	DT
investigator	NN
.	.
When	WRB
any	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
interviewed	VBN
in	IN
connection	NN
with	IN
an	DT
investigation	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
Level	NNP
IV	NNP
violation	NN
,	,
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
effort	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
contact	VB
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
parent	NN
,	,
custodian	NN
,	,
or	CC
guardian	NN
and	CC
invite	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
present	JJ
during	IN
such	JJ
interview	NN
,	,
provided	VBD
such	JJ
parental	JJ
notification	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
compromise	VB
overall	JJ
school\/student	JJ
safety	NN
.	.
Parental	JJ
notification	NN
is	VBZ
encouraged	VBN
at	IN
Levels	NNP
II	NNP
and	CC
III	NNP
and	CC
discretionary	JJ
at	IN
Level	NNP
I.	NN
The	DT
report	NN
shall	MD
include	VB
a	DT
determination	NN
of	IN
whether	IN
the	DT
allegations	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
substantiated	VBN
as	IN
factual	JJ
and	CC
whether	IN
they	PRP
appear	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
violations	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
.	.
County	NNP
procedures	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
developed	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
recording	NN
and	CC
filing	NN
of	IN
these	DT
reports	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
level	NN
.	.
Beginning	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
2002-2003	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
each	DT
subsequent	JJ
year	NN
,	,
data	NNS
indicating	VBG
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
substantiated	VBN
violations	NNS
at	IN
each	DT
school	NN
as	IN
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
section	NN
16.2	CD
of	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
will	MD
be	VB
collected	VBN
using	VBG
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Education	NNP
Information	NNP
System	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
WVEIS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
classify	VB
a	DT
school	NN
as	IN
persistently	RB
dangerous	JJ
.	.
Education	NNP
must	MD
provide	VB
targeted	JJ
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
to	TO
any	DT
school	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
,	,
for	IN
two	CD
consecutive	JJ
years	NNS
,	,
substantiated	VBN
violations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
offenses	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
section	NN
16.2	CD
of	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
that	WDT
exceed	VBP
three	CD
and	CC
seventh-five	JJ
one	CD
hundredths	NNS
percent	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
3.75	CD
%	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
total	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
second	JJ
month	NN
enrollment	NN
.	.
This	DT
resource	NN
provides	VBZ
the	DT
necessary	JJ
forms	NNS
and	CC
agreements	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
in	IN
providing	VBG
an	DT
organized	VBN
and	CC
safe	JJ
experience	NN
for	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
forms	NNS
and	CC
agreements	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
formatted	VBN
to	TO
conform	VB
to	TO
county\/school	JJ
policies	NNS
concerning	VBG
Work-Based	JJ
Learning	NNP
.	.
The	DT
CTRC	NNP
is	VBZ
located	VBN
at	IN
Cedar	NNP
Lakes	NNP
Conference	NNP
Center	NNP
in	IN
Ripley	NNP
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
This	DT
centralized	JJ
location	NN
allows	VBZ
for	IN
easy	JJ
access	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
convenient	JJ
location	NN
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WDT
direction	NN
you	PRP
come	VBP
from	IN
.	.
Knight	NNP
or	CC
Lady	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
.	.
This	DT
prestigious	JJ
program	NN
takes	VBZ
its	PRP$
name	NN
from	IN
the	DT
golden	JJ
horseshoes	NNS
given	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
early	JJ
explorers	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
In	IN
1716	CD
the	DT
Governor	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Virginia	NNP
colony	NN
,	,
Alexander	NNP
Spotswood	NNP
,	,
saw	VBD
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
exploration	NN
of	IN
the	DT
land	NN
west	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Allegheny	NNP
Mountains	NNPS
,	,
most	JJS
of	IN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
now	RB
West	JJ
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
governor	NN
organized	VBN
a	DT
party	NN
of	IN
about	IN
50	CD
men	NNS
,	,
all	DT
of	IN
whom	WP
adopted	VBD
the	DT
pledge	NN
,	,
``	``
Sic	JJ
jurat	NN
transcendere	NN
monte	NN
,	,
''	''
which	WDT
means	VBZ
``	``
Thus	RB
he	PRP
swears	VBZ
to	TO
cross	VB
the	DT
mountains	NNS
.	.
''	''
Governor	NNP
Spotswood	NNP
presented	VBD
each	DT
member	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
party	NN
with	IN
a	DT
small	JJ
golden	JJ
horseshoe	NN
to	TO
commemorate	VB
the	DT
bravery	NN
of	IN
those	DT
who	WP
crossed	VBD
the	DT
mountains	NNS
into	IN
Western	JJ
Virginia	NNP
,	,
beginning	VBG
the	DT
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
tradition	NN
.	.
The	DT
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
became	VBD
known	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
symbol	NN
of	IN
scholastic	JJ
achievement	NN
to	TO
honor	VB
students	NNS
who	WP
excel	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
study	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Since	IN
that	DT
time	NN
approximately	RB
15,000	CD
eighth-grade	JJ
students	NNS
have	VBP
received	VBN
a	DT
golden	JJ
pin	NN
in	IN
the	DT
shape	NN
of	IN
a	DT
horseshoe	NN
,	,
much	RB
like	IN
those	DT
given	VBN
by	IN
Governor	NNP
Spotswood	NNP
some	DT
three	CD
hundred	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
.	.
This	DT
pin	NN
symbolizes	VBZ
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
knowledge	NN
and	CC
understanding	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
state	NN
's	POS
proud	JJ
heritage	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
of	IN
studies	NNS
in	IN
combination	NN
with	IN
state	NN
awards	NNS
is	VBZ
unique	JJ
in	IN
its	PRP$
statewide	JJ
recognition	NN
of	IN
scholastic	JJ
achievement	NN
.	.
Each	DT
year	NN
approximately	RB
22,000	CD
eighth	JJ
grade	NN
students	NNS
spend	VBP
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
studying	VBG
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
curriculum	NN
.	.
The	DT
curriculum	NN
engages	VBZ
the	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
intense	JJ
study	NN
of	IN
the	DT
history	NN
,	,
geography	NN
,	,
economy	NN
and	CC
government	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Mountain	NNP
State	NNP
.	.
The	DT
primary	JJ
goal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
promote	VB
pride	NN
in	IN
our	PRP$
state	NN
,	,
develop	VB
intellectual	JJ
and	CC
participatory	JJ
skills	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
foster	JJ
attitudes	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
necessary	JJ
for	IN
students	NNS
to	TO
participate	VB
as	IN
effective	JJ
,	,
involved	JJ
,	,
and	CC
responsible	JJ
citizens	NNS
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
in	IN
effect	NN
,	,
uses	VBZ
the	DT
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
award	NN
to	TO
honor	VB
``	``
all-state	JJ
''	''
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Studies	NNP
students	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
year	NN
221	CD
eighth-grade	JJ
students	NNS
are	VBP
honored	VBN
for	IN
their	PRP$
knowledge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
in	IN
a	DT
one-day	JJ
ceremony	NN
held	VBN
in	IN
Charleston	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
winners	NNS
have	VBP
outscored	VBN
their	PRP$
classmates	NNS
in	IN
school	NN
and	CC
county	NN
wide	JJ
testing	NN
competitions	NNS
and	CC
made	VBN
top	JJ
scores	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
test	NN
which	WDT
measures	VBZ
their	PRP$
grasp	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Studies	NNPS
.	.
Students	NNS
also	RB
write	VBP
an	DT
essay	NN
focusing	VBG
on	IN
some	DT
aspect	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
current	JJ
events	NNS
.	.
A	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
two	CD
students	NNS
from	IN
each	DT
county	NN
and	CC
one	CD
student	NN
from	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
Blind	NNP
at	IN
Romney	NNP
are	VBP
selected	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
award	NN
.	.
The	DT
other	JJ
110	CD
honorees	NNS
are	VBP
selected	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
55	CD
counties	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
each	DT
county	NN
's	POS
eighth-grade	JJ
population	NN
.	.
While	IN
in	IN
Charleston	NNP
to	TO
celebrate	VB
the	DT
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
Day	NNP
,	,
the	DT
honorees	NNS
are	VBP
treated	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
tour	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Capitol	NNP
and	CC
Cultural	NNP
Center	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
luncheon	NN
held	VBN
in	IN
their	PRP$
honor	NN
.	.
The	DT
high	JJ
point	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
Ceremony	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
induction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
Society	NNP
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
presides	VBZ
over	IN
the	DT
induction	NN
ceremony	NN
.	.
Each	DT
student	NN
kneels	VBZ
and	CC
,	,
with	IN
a	DT
tap	VB
of	IN
a	DT
sword	NN
on	IN
the	DT
shoulder	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
dubbed	VBN
either	RB
a	DT
Knight	NNP
or	CC
Lady	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
Society	NNP
.	.
Each	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
presented	VBN
a	DT
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
pin	NN
and	CC
the	DT
70-year	JJ
honor	NN
and	CC
tradition	NN
continues	VBZ
.	.
The	DT
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
originated	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
early	JJ
1700s	CD
in	IN
colonial	JJ
Virginia	NNP
when	WRB
then-Governor	NNP
Alexander	NNP
Spotswood	NNP
saw	VBD
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
exploration	NN
of	IN
the	DT
land	NN
west	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Allegheny	NNP
Mountains	NNPS
,	,
most	JJS
of	IN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
now	RB
West	JJ
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
governor	NN
organized	VBN
a	DT
party	NN
of	IN
about	IN
50	CD
men	NNS
to	TO
explore	VB
the	DT
frontier	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
exploration	NN
,	,
he	PRP
presented	VBD
each	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
party	NN
with	IN
a	DT
golden	JJ
horseshoe	NN
.	.
Translated	VBN
from	IN
Latin	NNP
,	,
the	DT
inscription	NN
on	IN
each	DT
horseshoe	NN
read	NN
,	,
``	``
Thus	RB
it	PRP
was	VBD
decided	VBN
to	TO
cross	VB
the	DT
mountains	NNS
.	.
''	''
On	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
side	NN
was	VBD
written	VBN
,	,
``	``
Order	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
.	.
''	''
Because	IN
of	IN
this	DT
,	,
the	DT
recipients	NNS
became	VBD
known	VBN
as	IN
``	``
The	DT
Knights	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
.	.
''	''
Two	CD
hundred	CD
twenty-one	CD
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
eighth	JJ
graders	NNS
receive	VBP
the	DT
award	NN
each	DT
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
two	CD
top-scoring	JJ
students	NNS
from	IN
each	DT
county	NN
are	VBP
given	VBN
the	DT
award	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
total	NN
of	IN
110	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
as	RB
are	VBP
another	DT
110	CD
students	NNS
selected	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
state	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
population	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
the	DT
top-scoring	JJ
student	NN
from	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
School	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
Blind	NNP
is	VBZ
presented	VBN
the	DT
award	NN
.	.
In	IN
conversations	NNS
with	IN
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
officials	NNS
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
native	JJ
Homer	NNP
Hickam	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
his	PRP$
one	CD
regret	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
winning	VBG
the	DT
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
award	NN
as	IN
a	DT
student	NN
.	.
The	DT
author	NN
of	IN
``	``
October	NNP
Sky	NNP
''	''
was	VBD
presented	VBN
an	DT
honorary	JJ
Golden	NNP
Horseshoe	NNP
award	NN
in	IN
1999	CD
because	IN
of	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
positive	JJ
reinforcement	NN
he	PRP
has	VBZ
given	VBN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
High	NNP
Schools	NNP
That	IN
Work	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
HSTW	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
the	DT
nation	NN
's	POS
first	JJ
large-scale	JJ
effort	NN
to	TO
engage	VB
state	NN
,	,
district	NN
and	CC
school	NN
leaders	NNS
and	CC
teachers	NNS
in	IN
partnerships	NNS
with	IN
students	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
community	NN
to	TO
improve	VB
the	DT
way	NN
all	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
are	VBP
prepared	VBN
for	IN
work	NN
and	CC
further	JJ
education	NN
.	.
HSTW	NNP
provides	VBZ
a	DT
framework	NN
of	IN
goals	NNS
,	,
key	JJ
practices	NNS
and	CC
key	JJ
conditions	NNS
for	IN
accelerating	VBG
learning	NN
and	CC
setting	VBG
higher	JJR
standards	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
recommends	VBZ
actions	NNS
that	WDT
provide	VBP
direction	NN
to	TO
schools	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
work	VBP
to	TO
improve	VB
academic	JJ
and	CC
vocational-technical	JJ
instruction	NN
at	IN
school	NN
and	CC
the	DT
work	NN
site	NN
.	.
These	DT
recommendations	NNS
meet	VBP
the	DT
criteria	NNS
for	IN
comprehensive	JJ
school	NN
reform	NN
.	.
The	DT
HSTW	NNP
effort	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
belief	NN
that	IN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
right	JJ
school	NN
environment	NN
,	,
most	JJS
students	NNS
can	MD
learn	VB
complex	JJ
academic	JJ
and	CC
technical	JJ
concepts	NNS
.	.
The	DT
initiative	NN
targets	VBZ
high	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
who	WP
seldom	RB
are	VBP
challenged	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
higher	JJR
academic	JJ
standards	NNS
.	.
SREB	NNP
provides	VBZ
member	NN
states	NNS
and	CC
sites	NNS
with	IN
staff	NN
development	NN
,	,
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
,	,
communications	NNS
,	,
publications	NNS
and	CC
assessment	NN
services	NNS
.	.
The	DT
annual	JJ
High	JJ
Schools	NNS
That	WDT
Work	VBP
Summer	NNP
Staff	NNP
Development	NNP
Conference	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
focal	JJ
point	NN
for	IN
year-round	JJ
professional	JJ
development	NN
.	.
Increasing	VBG
access	NN
to	TO
intellectually	RB
challenging	JJ
technical	JJ
studies	NNS
,	,
with	IN
a	DT
major	JJ
emphasis	NN
on	IN
using	VBG
high	JJ
level	NN
math	NN
,	,
science	NN
,	,
language	NN
arts	NNS
and	CC
problem	NN
solving	VBG
skills	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
modern	JJ
workplace	NN
and	CC
in	IN
preparation	NN
for	IN
continued	VBN
learning	NN
.	.
Increasing	VBG
access	NN
to	TO
academic	JJ
studies	NNS
that	WDT
teach	VBP
the	DT
essential	JJ
concepts	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
college	NN
preparatory	JJ
curriculum	NN
by	IN
encouraging	VBG
students	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
academic	JJ
content	NN
and	CC
skills	NNS
to	TO
address	VB
real-world	JJ
projects	NNS
and	CC
problems	NNS
.	.
Giving	VBG
students	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
the	DT
choice	NN
of	IN
a	DT
system	NN
that	WDT
integrates	VBZ
school-based	JJ
and	CC
work-based	JJ
learning	NN
.	.
The	DT
system	NN
should	MD
span	VB
high	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
post-secondary	JJ
studies	NNS
and	CC
should	MD
be	VB
planned	VBN
by	IN
educators	NNS
,	,
employers	NNS
and	CC
employees	NNS
.	.
Providing	VBG
a	DT
structured	JJ
system	NN
of	IN
extra	JJ
help	NN
and	CC
extra	JJ
time	NN
to	TO
enable	VB
students	NNS
who	WP
may	MD
lack	VB
adequate	JJ
preparation	NN
to	TO
complete	VB
an	DT
accelerated	JJ
program	NN
of	IN
study	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
high-level	JJ
academic	JJ
and	CC
technical	JJ
content	NN
.	.
Using	VBG
student	NN
assessment	NN
and	CC
program	NN
evaluation	NN
data	NNS
to	TO
improve	VB
continuously	RB
the	DT
school	NN
climate	NN
,	,
organization	NN
,	,
management	NN
,	,
curricula	NN
and	CC
instruction	NN
to	TO
advance	VB
student	NN
learning	NN
and	CC
to	TO
recognize	VB
students	NNS
who	WP
meet	VBP
both	DT
curriculum	NN
and	CC
performance	NN
goals	NNS
.	.
To	TO
blend	VB
the	DT
essential	JJ
content	NN
of	IN
traditional	JJ
college-preparatory	JJ
studies	NNS
-	:
mathematics	NNS
,	,
science	NN
and	CC
language	NN
arts	NNS
-	:
with	IN
quality	NN
vocational	JJ
and	CC
technical	JJ
studies	NNS
,	,
by	IN
creating	VBG
conditions	NNS
that	WDT
support	VBP
school	NN
leaders	NNS
and	CC
teachers	NNS
in	IN
carrying	VBG
out	RP
the	DT
key	JJ
practices	NNS
.	.
This	DT
commitment	NN
includes	VBZ
financial	JJ
support	NN
for	IN
instructional	JJ
materials	NNS
,	,
time	NN
for	IN
teachers	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
and	CC
plan	VB
together	RB
,	,
and	CC
six	CD
to	TO
eight	CD
days	NNS
per	IN
year	NN
of	IN
staff	NN
development	NN
on	IN
using	VBG
the	DT
key	JJ
practices	NNS
to	TO
improve	VB
student	NN
learning	NN
.	.
Leadership	NN
from	IN
the	DT
superintendent	NN
and	CC
school	NN
board	NN
to	TO
involve	VB
employers	NNS
and	CC
post-secondary	JJ
institutions	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
design	NN
and	CC
implementation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
school-based	JJ
and	CC
work-based	JJ
program	NN
to	TO
prepare	VB
students	NNS
for	IN
employment	NN
and	CC
post-secondary	JJ
education	NN
.	.
Within	IN
that	DT
bill	NN
lies	VBZ
a	DT
provision	NN
for	IN
K-4	NN
summer	NN
extended	VBD
day	NN
programs	NNS
to	TO
enhance	VB
reading	NN
skills	NNS
of	IN
at-risk	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
Thirty	CD
grants	NNS
of	IN
$	$
10,000	CD
each	DT
are	VBP
awarded	VBN
annually	RB
in	IN
a	DT
competitive	JJ
grant	NN
process	NN
to	TO
individual	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
schools	NNS
with	IN
any	DT
grade	NN
combination	NN
of	IN
K-4	NN
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
to	TO
apply	VB
.	.
Strategic	JJ
steps	NNS
to	TO
implement	VB
this	DT
goal	NN
for	IN
reading	VBG
include	VBP
a	DT
district	NN
literacy	NN
model	NN
,	,
professional	JJ
development	NN
guide	NN
,	,
phonemic	JJ
awareness	NN
intervention	NN
plan	NN
,	,
state	NN
reading	NN
cadre	NN
,	,
reading	VBG
research	NN
symposium	NN
,	,
state	NN
writing	NN
plan	NN
,	,
state	NN
literacy	NN
coaching	NN
training	NN
,	,
NAEP	NNP
assessment	NN
training	NN
,	,
and	CC
Reading	VBG
First	JJ
implementation	NN
.	.
July	NNP
1999	CD
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
held	VBD
its	PRP$
first	JJ
annual	JJ
Reading	VBG
Academy	NNP
.	.
The	DT
intent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Reading	VBG
Academy	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
intensive	JJ
reading	VBG
professional	JJ
development	NN
to	TO
K-3	JJ
principals	NNS
and	CC
teachers	NNS
in	IN
low-achieving	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
Approximately	RB
500	CD
educators	NNS
representing	VBG
100	CD
schools	NNS
have	VBP
attended	VBN
the	DT
first	JJ
four	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Schools	NNP
attending	VBG
must	MD
be	VB
represented	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
no	DT
less	JJR
than	IN
3	CD
educators	NNS
responsible	JJ
for	IN
reading	VBG
instruction	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
principal	NN
,	,
classroom	NN
teacher	NN
,	,
Title	NNP
I	PRP
,	,
special	JJ
education	NN
,	,
speech	NN
pathologist	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Research	NNP
indicates	VBZ
that	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
must	MD
be	VB
sustained	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
effective	JJ
and	CC
produce	VBP
long-term	JJ
results	NNS
;	:
therefore	RB
,	,
fall	NN
and	CC
spring	NN
follow-up	JJ
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
held	VBN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
following	VBG
summer	NN
professional	JJ
development	NN
.	.
The	DT
design	NN
and	CC
follow-up	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
Reading	VBG
Academy	NNP
has	VBZ
proven	VBN
effective	JJ
with	IN
follow-up	JJ
attendance	NN
averaging	VBG
80	CD
%	NN
.	.
Participants	NNS
study	VBP
scientifically	RB
based	VBN
reading	NN
research	NN
,	,
the	DT
five	CD
essential	JJ
components	NNS
of	IN
reading	NN
,	,
assessment	NN
,	,
and	CC
classroom	NN
management	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
fall	NN
schools	NNS
write	VB
$	$
500.00	CD
instructional	JJ
materials	NNS
grants	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
reading	VBG
data	NNS
analysis	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
schools	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
also	RB
provide	VBP
a	DT
display	NN
of	IN
information	NN
learned	VBD
and	CC
used	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
classroom	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
Reading	VBG
Academy	NNP
participation	NN
and	CC
the	DT
spring	NN
follow-up	JJ
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Jerry	NNP
Johns	NNP
,	,
author	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Basic	JJ
Reading	VBG
Inventory	NN
diagnostic	JJ
assessment	NN
,	,
provided	VBD
training	NN
to	TO
Reading	VBG
First	JJ
project	NN
directors	NNS
,	,
principals	NNS
,	,
reading	VBG
mentor	NN
teachers	NNS
and	CC
reading	VBG
cadre	NN
on	IN
October	NNP
3	CD
.	.
The	DT
Basic	JJ
Reading	VBG
Inventory	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
diagnostic	JJ
assessment	NN
for	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
42	CD
Reading	VBG
First	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Johns	NNP
will	MD
return	VB
in	IN
February	NNP
for	IN
follow-up	JJ
training	NN
.	.
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
In	IN
February	NNP
a	DT
Compass	NNP
Learning	NNP
representative	NN
will	MD
also	RB
provide	VB
information	NN
on	IN
integrating	VBG
Compass	NNP
Learning	NNP
with	IN
the	DT
core	NN
program	NN
.	.
Behind	IN
to	TO
improve	VB
reading	NN
instruction	NN
and	CC
ensure	VB
that	IN
students	NNS
are	VBP
reading	VBG
on	IN
grade	NN
level	NN
by	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
grade	NN
three	CD
.	.
US	NNP
Secretary	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Rodney	NNP
Paige	NNP
announced	VBD
on	IN
July	NNP
21	CD
,	,
2003	CD
that	WDT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
would	MD
receive	VB
approximately	RB
$	$
43.8	CD
million	CD
over	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
six	CD
years	NNS
to	TO
administer	VB
the	DT
Reading	VBG
First	JJ
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
funds	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
granted	VBN
to	TO
eligible	JJ
counties	NNS
.	.
Eligible	JJ
counties	NNS
have	VBP
designed	VBN
reading	VBG
instruction	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
scientific	JJ
research	NN
.	.
Reading	VBG
First	NNP
will	MD
include	VB
assessments	NNS
,	,
a	DT
core	JJ
reading	NN
instructional	JJ
program	NN
and	CC
materials	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
development	NN
,	,
access	NN
to	TO
print	NN
,	,
management	NN
teams	NNS
,	,
and	CC
evaluation	NN
.	.
Awareness	NN
for	IN
Young	NNP
Children	NNP
:	:
A	NNP
Classroom	NNP
Curriculum	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Adams	NNP
et	FW
al.	FW
,	,
1998	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
-RRB-	-RRB-
was	VBD
implemented	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
year	NN
in	IN
the	DT
kindergarten	NN
classroom	NN
.	.
The	DT
kindergarten	NN
teacher	NN
implemented	VBD
the	DT
instruction	NN
with	IN
collaboration	NN
from	IN
the	DT
SLP	NNP
.	.
In	IN
early	JJ
February	NNP
,	,
six	CD
children	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
lowest	JJS
phonological	JJ
awareness	NN
skills	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
kindergarten	NN
classroom	NN
were	VBD
chosen	VBN
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
12-week	JJ
IPA	NNP
program	NN
,	,
as	IN
described	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
graders	NNS
.	.
Program	NN
evaluation	NN
compared	VBN
experimental	JJ
classrooms	NNS
to	TO
comparison	NN
classrooms	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
i.e.	FW
,	,
standard	JJ
educational	JJ
practice	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
In	IN
each	DT
school	NN
,	,
six	CD
first	JJ
grade	NN
children	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
IPA	NNP
instruction	NN
were	VBD
compared	VBN
to	TO
six	CD
children	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
comparison	NN
classroom	NN
;	:
all	DT
children	NNS
were	VBD
chosen	VBN
for	IN
poor	JJ
literacy	NN
abilities	NNS
.	.
Evaluation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
kindergarten	NN
classroom	NN
component	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
by	IN
testing	VBG
all	DT
children	NNS
in	IN
experimental	JJ
and	CC
comparison	NN
classrooms	NNS
at	IN
four	CD
schools	NNS
.	.
In	IN
each	DT
school	NN
,	,
the	DT
six	CD
kindergarten	NN
children	NNS
who	WP
participated	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
IPA	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
spring	NN
were	VBD
compared	VBN
to	TO
six	CD
children	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
comparison	NN
classroom	NN
;	:
both	DT
groups	NNS
of	IN
children	NNS
were	VBD
the	DT
lowest	JJS
in	IN
their	PRP$
classes	NNS
in	IN
early	JJ
literacy	NN
.	.
WVDE	NNP
has	VBZ
now	RB
assumed	VBN
full	JJ
implementation	NN
of	IN
all	DT
facets	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
phonemic	JJ
awareness	NN
program	NN
-	:
adminsitration	NN
,	,
implementation	NN
,	,
training	NN
,	,
evaluation	NN
.	.
A	DT
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
manual	NN
was	VBD
prepared	JJ
and	CC
distributed	VBN
to	TO
all	DT
participating	VBG
schools	NNS
on	IN
August	NNP
10	CD
.	.
The	DT
manual	NN
includes	VBZ
implementation	NN
information	NN
for	IN
the	DT
whole	JJ
class	NN
and	CC
intensive	JJ
portions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
By	IN
coordinating	VBG
the	DT
Reading	VBG
Excellence	NNP
Act	NNP
and	CC
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
funds	NNS
,	,
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
reading	NN
cadre	NN
was	VBD
formed	VBN
in	IN
January	NNP
,	,
2000	CD
.	.
The	DT
37	CD
member	NN
Cadre	NNP
was	VBD
selected	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
review	NN
panel	NN
.	.
Applicants	NNS
completed	VBD
a	DT
detailed	JJ
and	CC
thorough	JJ
application	NN
.	.
Cadre	NNP
members	NNS
exhibited	VBD
expertise	NN
in	IN
reading	NN
and	CC
agreed	VBD
to	TO
36	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
intensive	JJ
reading	VBG
professional	JJ
development	NN
over	IN
a	DT
three	CD
year	NN
period	NN
.	.
June	NNP
,	,
2000	CD
,	,
the	DT
Cadre	NNP
began	VBD
delivering	VBG
reading	NN
professional	JJ
development	NN
to	TO
RESAs	NNP
,	,
counties	NNS
,	,
and	CC
schools	NNS
throughout	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
professional	JJ
development	NN
offered	VBD
was	VBD
tailored	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
reading	NN
needs	VBZ
of	IN
the	DT
particular	JJ
county	NN
or	CC
school	NN
served	VBD
.	.
Schools	NNS
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
links	NNS
to	TO
http://www.sasinschool.com	VB
on	IN
their	PRP$
webpages	NNS
but	CC
they	PRP
must	MD
refrain	VB
from	IN
placing	VBG
login	NN
information	NN
on	IN
their	PRP$
public	JJ
websites	NNS
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
schools	NNS
must	MD
refrain	VB
from	IN
using	VBG
the	DT
SAS	NNP
copywrited	VBN
logos	NNS
on	IN
their	PRP$
sites	NNS
unless	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
written	VBN
permission	NN
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
responsibility	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Special	JJ
Education	NNP
Achievement	NNP
to	TO
assist	VB
local	JJ
school	NN
districts	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
in	IN
providing	VBG
high	JJ
quality	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
meet	VBP
the	DT
letter	NN
and	CC
spirit	NN
of	IN
federal	JJ
and	CC
state	NN
laws	NNS
,	,
for	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
with	IN
exceptionalities	NNS
.	.
Funds	NNS
are	VBP
targeted	VBN
to	TO
high-poverty	JJ
school	NN
districts	NNS
and	CC
used	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
supplementary	JJ
educational	JJ
services	NNS
--	:
usually	RB
in	IN
reading	NN
and	CC
mathematics	NN
--	:
to	TO
students	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
educationally	RB
disadvantaged	JJ
or	CC
at	IN
risk	NN
of	IN
failing	VBG
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
state	NN
standards	NNS
.	.
Although	IN
the	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
mainly	RB
to	TO
benefit	VB
impoverished	JJ
areas	NNS
,	,
over	IN
90	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
United	NNP
States	NNPS
school	NN
districts	NNS
and	CC
roughly	RB
half	NN
of	IN
all	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
receive	VBP
at	IN
last	JJ
some	DT
part	NN
A	DT
funding	NN
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
selects	VBZ
``	``
eligible	JJ
children	NNS
''	''
from	IN
the	DT
larger	JJR
pool	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
by	IN
identifying	VBG
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
``	``
failing	VBG
,	,
or	CC
most	JJS
at	IN
risk	NN
of	IN
failing	VBG
,	,
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
state	NN
's	POS
challenging	JJ
student	NN
academic	JJ
achievement	NN
standards	NNS
.	.
''	''
The	DT
school	NN
makes	VBZ
this	DT
determination	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
multiple	JJ
,	,
educationally	RB
related	VBN
,	,
objective	JJ
criteria	NNS
established	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
LEA	NNP
and	CC
supplemented	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
Each	DT
county	NN
within	IN
the	DT
state	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
is	VBZ
assigned	VBN
a	DT
Title	NN
I	PRP
contact	VBP
person	NN
.	.
The	DT
contact	NN
person	NN
serves	VBZ
as	IN
the	DT
Title	NN
I	PRP
state	VBP
representative	NN
to	TO
each	DT
assigned	VBN
county	NN
.	.
The	DT
primary	JJ
responsibility	NN
of	IN
the	DT
contact	NN
person	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
to	TO
counties	NNS
and	CC
schools	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Title	NN
I	PRP
program	NN
.	.
Specific	JJ
responsibilities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Title	NN
I	PRP
assigned	VBD
staff	NN
include	VBP
monitoring	NN
,	,
review	NN
and	CC
feedback	NN
of	IN
Title	NNP
I	PRP
plans	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
as	IN
requested	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
.	.
Two	CD
additional	JJ
staff	NN
members	NNS
coordinate	VBP
the	DT
Reading	VBG
First	JJ
Grant	NNP
and	CC
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
coordinator	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Even	JJ
Start	NN
program	NN
.	.
These	DT
individuals	NNS
work	VBP
closely	RB
with	IN
staff	NN
at	IN
both	DT
the	DT
county	NN
and	CC
school	NN
levels	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
improve	VB
their	PRP$
efforts	NNS
with	IN
these	DT
initiatives	NNS
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
to	TO
be	VB
selected	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Title	NNP
I	PRP
Distinguished	VBD
School	NNP
,	,
each	DT
school	NN
must	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
a	DT
Title	NN
I	PRP
school	VBP
for	IN
three	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
must	MD
have	VB
met	VBN
all	DT
state	NN
accreditation	NN
standards	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
three	CD
years	NNS
.	.
First	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
federally	RB
funded	VBN
program	NN
under	IN
No	DT
Child	NN
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
to	TO
improve	VB
reading	NN
instruction	NN
and	CC
ensure	VB
that	IN
students	NNS
are	VBP
reading	VBG
on	IN
grade	NN
level	NN
by	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
grade	NN
three	CD
.	.
US	NNP
Secretary	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Rodney	NNP
Paige	NNP
announced	VBD
on	IN
July	NNP
21	CD
,	,
2003	CD
that	WDT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
would	MD
receive	VB
approximately	RB
$	$
43.8	CD
million	CD
over	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
six	CD
years	NNS
to	TO
administer	VB
the	DT
Reading	VBG
First	JJ
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
funds	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
granted	VBN
to	TO
eligible	JJ
counties	NNS
.	.
Reading	VBG
First	NNP
will	MD
include	VB
assessments	NNS
,	,
a	DT
core	JJ
reading	NN
instructional	JJ
program	NN
and	CC
materials	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
development	NN
,	,
access	NN
to	TO
print	NN
,	,
management	NN
teams	NNS
,	,
and	CC
evaluation	NN
.	.
Each	DT
Reading	VBG
First	JJ
school	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
reading	NN
mentor	NN
teacher	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
coach	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
assist	VB
with	IN
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
Design	NN
programs	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
migrant	JJ
children	NNS
overcome	VBP
educational	JJ
disruption	NN
,	,
cultural	JJ
and	CC
language	NN
barriers	NNS
,	,
social	JJ
isolation	NN
,	,
various	JJ
health-related	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
factors	NNS
that	WDT
inhibit	VBP
their	PRP$
ability	NN
to	TO
do	VB
well	RB
in	IN
school	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
prepare	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
successful	JJ
transition	NN
to	TO
postsecondary	JJ
education	NN
or	CC
employment	NN
;	:
and	CC
Ensure	VB
that	DT
migrant	JJ
children	NNS
benefit	VBP
from	IN
state	NN
and	CC
local	JJ
systemic	JJ
reforms	NNS
.	.
Comprehensive	NNP
School	NNP
Reform	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
federally	RB
funded	VBN
competitive	JJ
grant	NN
program	NN
for	IN
eligible	JJ
schools	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
authorized	VBN
as	IN
Title	NN
I	PRP
,	,
Part	NNP
F	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Elementary	NNP
and	CC
Secondary	JJ
Education	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
focus	NN
of	IN
the	DT
CSR	NNP
program	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
raise	VB
student	NN
achievement	NN
by	IN
employing	VBG
comprehensive	JJ
scientifically	RB
based	VBN
methods	NNS
and	CC
strategies	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
eleven	CD
components	NNS
of	IN
school	NN
reform	NN
.	.
A	DT
requirement	NN
of	IN
CSR	NNP
is	VBZ
that	IN
grants	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
of	IN
sufficient	JJ
size	NN
and	CC
scope	NN
to	TO
support	VB
the	DT
initial	JJ
``	``
start-up	NN
''	''
costs	NNS
of	IN
comprehensive	JJ
school	NN
reform	NN
.	.
Each	DT
participating	VBG
school	NN
receives	VBZ
at	IN
least	JJS
$	$
50k	CD
of	IN
funds	NNS
per	IN
year	NN
for	IN
a	DT
period	NN
of	IN
three	CD
years	NNS
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Education	NNP
Agency	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
SEA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
basically	RB
determines	VBZ
eligibility	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
priority	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
identified	VBN
as	IN
in	IN
need	NN
of	IN
academic	JJ
improvement	NN
or	CC
corrective	JJ
action	NN
under	IN
Section	NN
1116	CD
of	IN
the	DT
No	NNP
Child	NNP
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
SEA	NN
releases	VBZ
the	DT
eligibility	NN
list	NN
to	TO
each	DT
county	NN
Title	NN
I	PRP
director	NN
along	IN
with	IN
grant	NN
writing	VBG
workshop	NN
information	NN
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
then	RB
informs	VBZ
and	CC
provides	VBZ
information	NN
to	TO
each	DT
eligible	JJ
school	NN
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
to	TO
apply	VB
for	IN
a	DT
grant	NN
,	,
each	DT
school	NN
must	MD
send	VB
a	DT
school	NN
team	NN
to	TO
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
mandatory	JJ
grant	NN
writing	VBG
workshops	NNS
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
workshops	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
ensure	VB
an	DT
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
CSR	NNP
process	NN
and	CC
to	TO
provide	VB
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
in	IN
writing	VBG
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
proposal	NN
.	.
Proposals	NNS
are	VBP
submitted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
due	JJ
date	NN
and	CC
competitively	RB
reviewed	VBN
by	IN
qualified	JJ
grant	NN
readers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
readers	NNS
are	VBP
selected	VBN
from	IN
principals	NNS
,	,
teachers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
external	JJ
facilitators	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
successfully	RB
implemented	VBN
a	DT
CSR	NNP
program	NN
.	.
A	DT
site	NN
visit	NN
is	VBZ
then	RB
conducted	VBN
at	IN
each	DT
school	NN
that	WDT
scores	NNS
well	RB
through	IN
the	DT
competitive	JJ
review	NN
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
site	NN
visit	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
the	DT
entire	JJ
school	NN
staff	NN
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
has	VBZ
an	DT
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
CSR	NNP
process	NN
;	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
components	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
specific	JJ
CSR	NNP
program	NN
;	:
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
exhibits	VBZ
readiness	NN
for	IN
reform	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
committed	VBN
to	TO
successful	JJ
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
CSR	NNP
initiative	NN
.	.
Final	JJ
determinations	NNS
are	VBP
made	VBN
based	VBN
on	IN
both	DT
the	DT
competitive	JJ
process	NN
and	CC
the	DT
school	NN
site	NN
visit	NN
.	.
Behind	IN
Act	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
helping	VBG
raise	VB
student	NN
achievement	NN
by	IN
assisting	VBG
public	JJ
schools	NNS
across	IN
the	DT
country	NN
to	TO
implement	VB
effective	JJ
,	,
comprehensive	JJ
school	NN
reforms	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
scientifically	RB
based	VBN
research	NN
and	CC
effective	JJ
practices	NNS
.	.
Congress	NNP
has	VBZ
supported	VBN
this	DT
initiative	NN
by	IN
appropriating	VBG
$	$
308	CD
million	CD
to	TO
the	DT
CSR	NNP
program	NN
for	IN
Fiscal	JJ
Year	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
FY	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
focus	NN
of	IN
the	DT
CSR	NNP
Program	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
raise	VB
student	NN
achievement	NN
by	IN
employing	VBG
proven	VBN
methods	NNS
and	CC
strategies	NNS
to	TO
produce	VB
comprehensive	JJ
school	NN
reform	NN
.	.
CSR	NNP
builds	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
leverages	NNS
ongoing	JJ
state	NN
and	CC
local	JJ
efforts	NNS
to	TO
connect	VB
higher	JJR
standards	NNS
and	CC
school	NN
improvement	NN
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
helps	VBZ
to	TO
expand	VB
the	DT
quality	NN
and	CC
quantity	NN
of	IN
schoolwide	NN
reform	NN
efforts	NNS
and	CC
enable	VB
all	DT
children	NNS
,	,
particularly	RB
low-achieving	JJ
children	NNS
,	,
to	TO
meet	VB
challenging	JJ
academic	JJ
standards	NNS
.	.
The	DT
CSR	NNP
Program	NNP
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
foster	VB
coherent	JJ
schoolwide	JJ
improvements	NNS
that	WDT
cover	VBP
virtually	RB
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
school	NN
's	POS
operations	NNS
,	,
rather	RB
than	IN
,	,
fragmented	JJ
approaches	NNS
to	TO
reform	NN
.	.
States	NNPS
provide	VBP
competitive	JJ
grants	NNS
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
specific	JJ
schools	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
indicated	VBN
a	DT
readiness	NN
and	CC
commitment	NN
to	TO
adopt	VB
comprehensive	JJ
reforms	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
students	NNS
reach	VBP
high	JJ
standards	NNS
.	.
To	TO
qualify	VB
for	IN
funding	NN
,	,
schools	NNS
must	MD
thoughtfully	RB
integrate	VB
the	DT
eleven	CD
components	NNS
described	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
legislation	NN
.	.
The	DT
legislation	NN
requires	VBZ
CSR	NNP
schools	NNS
to	TO
access	NN
high-quality	JJ
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
from	IN
outside	JJ
partners	NNS
experienced	VBN
in	IN
schoolwide	NN
reform	NN
.	.
A	DT
key	JJ
feature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
provides	VBZ
incentives	NNS
for	IN
schools	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
comprehensive	JJ
reform	NN
programs	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
scientifically	RB
based	VBN
research	NN
and	CC
effective	JJ
practices	NNS
.	.
These	DT
reforms	NNS
must	MD
help	VB
all	DT
children	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
challenging	JJ
state	NN
academic	JJ
content	NN
and	CC
achievement	NN
standards	NNS
.	.
Whether	IN
they	PRP
use	VBP
a	DT
nationally	RB
available	JJ
approach	NN
or	CC
develop	VB
their	PRP$
program	NN
locally	RB
,	,
these	DT
schools	NNS
must	MD
coherently	RB
integrate	VB
the	DT
eleven	CD
components	NNS
of	IN
school	NN
reform	NN
.	.
CSR	NNP
supports	VBZ
undertaking	VBG
comprehensive	JJ
reforms	NNS
that	WDT
show	VBP
the	DT
most	RBS
promise	VBP
for	IN
successful	JJ
implementation	NN
and	CC
help	NN
students	NNS
reach	VBP
high	JJ
standards	NNS
.	.
A	DT
SEA	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
State	NNP
Education	NNP
Agency	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
receives	VBZ
a	DT
grant	NN
utilizes	VBZ
the	DT
funds	NNS
to	TO
award	NN
subgrants	NNS
,	,
on	IN
a	DT
competitive	JJ
basis	NN
,	,
to	TO
LEAs	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Local	JJ
Education	NNP
Agencies	NNPS
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
a	DT
consortia	NN
of	IN
small	JJ
schools	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
defined	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
consortium	NN
of	IN
small	JJ
schools	NNS
serving	VBG
a	DT
total	NN
of	IN
not	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
500	CD
students	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
support	VB
CSR	NNP
reforms	NNS
in	IN
schools	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
for	IN
funds	NNS
.	.
Subgrants	NNS
provide	VBP
``	``
start	VB
up	RP
funding	NN
''	''
for	IN
these	DT
eligible	JJ
schools	NNS
of	IN
not	RB
less	JJR
than	IN
$	$
50k	CD
per	IN
year	NN
for	IN
a	DT
three	CD
year	NN
period	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
initiate	VB
comprehensive	JJ
school	NN
reform	NN
.	.
Since	IN
the	DT
intent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Comprehensive	NNP
School	NNP
Reform	NNP
program	NN
is	VBZ
site	NN
based	VBN
decision	NN
making	VBG
,	,
submitted	VBN
budget	NN
transfer	NN
forms	NNS
must	MD
include	VB
the	DT
signature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
and	CC
the	DT
county	NN
Title	NN
I	PRP
director	NN
.	.
Each	DT
interested	JJ
principal	NN
must	MD
send	VB
a	DT
school	NN
team	NN
to	TO
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
mandatory	JJ
CSR	NNP
grant	NN
writing	VBG
workshops	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
submit	VB
a	DT
proposal	NN
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
team	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
principal	NN
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
Title	NN
I	PRP
director	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
lead	NN
teacher	NN
.	.
The	DT
grant	NN
writing	VBG
workshops	NNS
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
in	IN
the	DT
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
CSR	NNP
process	NN
and	CC
to	TO
assist	VB
schools	NNS
in	IN
determining	VBG
school	NN
needs	NNS
and	CC
writing	VBG
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
school	NN
reform	NN
plan	NN
.	.
CSR	NNP
coordinator	NN
.	.
After	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
grant	NN
writing	VBG
workshop	NN
session	NN
,	,
the	DT
principal	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
share	VB
the	DT
information	NN
with	IN
the	DT
staff	NN
and	CC
an	DT
assurance	NN
must	MD
be	VB
signed	VBN
by	IN
each	DT
staff	NN
member	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
readiness	NN
and	CC
commitment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
CSR	NNP
initiative	NN
.	.
A	DT
requirement	NN
of	IN
Title	NNP
I	PRP
,	,
Part	NNP
F	NN
legislation	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
subgrants	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
of	IN
sufficient	JJ
size	NN
and	CC
scope	NN
to	TO
support	VB
the	DT
initial	JJ
costs	NNS
of	IN
comprehensive	JJ
school	NN
reforms	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
participating	VBG
school	NN
receives	VBZ
at	IN
least	JJS
$	$
50k	CD
of	IN
CSR	NNP
funds	NNS
per	IN
year	NN
,	,
renewable	JJ
for	IN
up	RB
to	TO
a	DT
total	NN
of	IN
three	CD
years	NNS
.	.
CSR	NNP
funds	NNS
help	VBP
finance	VB
the	DT
initial	JJ
implementation	NN
of	IN
comprehensive	JJ
reforms	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
coordinated	VBN
with	IN
and	CC
sustained	VBN
by	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
resources	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
including	VBG
federal	JJ
,	,
state	NN
,	,
local	JJ
and	CC
private	JJ
.	.
These	DT
resources	NNS
support	VBP
integrated	VBN
strategies	NNS
that	WDT
enable	VBP
all	DT
children	NNS
to	TO
reach	VB
challenging	JJ
academic	JJ
standards	NNS
.	.
CSR	NNP
funds	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
intended	VBN
to	TO
support	VB
separate	JJ
projects	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
``	``
added	VBN
on	IN
''	''
to	TO
existing	VBG
programs	NNS
or	CC
projects	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
school	NN
.	.
Rather	RB
,	,
the	DT
funds	NNS
assist	VBP
schools	NNS
to	TO
improve	VB
their	PRP$
entire	JJ
educational	JJ
operation	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
curriculum	NN
changes	NNS
,	,
sustained	VBD
professional	JJ
development	NN
,	,
and	CC
enhanced	JJ
involvement	NN
of	IN
parents	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
careful	JJ
identification	NN
of	IN
local	JJ
needs	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
No.	NN
.	.
The	DT
Comprehensive	NNP
School	NNP
Reform	NNP
program	NN
operates	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
premise	NN
that	IN
three	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
funding	NN
is	VBZ
sufficient	JJ
to	TO
launch	VB
a	DT
well-prepared	JJ
school	NN
in	IN
its	PRP$
reform	NN
efforts	NNS
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
clear	JJ
about	IN
its	PRP$
needs	NNS
when	WRB
it	PRP
receives	VBZ
CSR	NNP
funds	NNS
and	CC
has	VBZ
designed	VBN
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
program	NN
to	TO
address	VB
them	PRP
,	,
the	DT
three-year	JJ
funding	NN
period	NN
allows	VBZ
time	NN
for	IN
strengthening	VBG
infrastructures	NNS
and	CC
aligning	VBG
and	CC
reallocating	VBG
resources	NNS
.	.
Proven	NNP
methods	NNS
and	CC
strategies	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
scientifically	RB
based	VBN
research	NN
A	DT
comprehensive	JJ
school	NN
reform	NN
program	NN
employs	VBZ
proven	VBN
strategies	NNS
and	CC
methods	NNS
for	IN
student	NN
learning	NN
,	,
teaching	NN
,	,
and	CC
school	NN
management	NN
that	WDT
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
scientifically	RB
based	VBN
research	NN
and	CC
effective	JJ
practices	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
been	VBN
replicated	VBN
successfully	RB
in	IN
schools	NNS
.	.
This	DT
component	NN
emphasizes	VBZ
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
schools	NNS
,	,
in	IN
designing	VBG
their	PRP$
comprehensive	JJ
reform	NN
program	NN
,	,
to	TO
employ	VB
proven	JJ
strategies	NNS
and	CC
methods	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
grounded	VBN
in	IN
scientifically	RB
based	VBN
research	NN
in	IN
core	NN
academic	JJ
subjects	NNS
,	,
especially	RB
basic	JJ
skills	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
reading	NN
and	CC
math	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Staying	VBG
focused	VBN
on	IN
academic	JJ
achievement	NN
,	,
building	VBG
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
program	NN
that	WDT
supports	VBZ
it	PRP
,	,
and	CC
emphasizing	VBG
``	``
what	WDT
works	NNS
''	''
in	IN
the	DT
classroom	NN
are	VBP
important	JJ
elements	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
successful	JJ
comprehensive	JJ
design	NN
.	.
A	DT
comprehensive	JJ
design	NN
for	IN
effective	JJ
school	NN
functioning	VBG
integrates	VBZ
instruction	NN
,	,
assessment	NN
,	,
classroom	NN
management	NN
,	,
professional	JJ
development	NN
,	,
parental	JJ
involvement	NN
,	,
and	CC
school	NN
management	NN
.	.
By	IN
addressing	VBG
needs	NNS
identified	VBN
through	IN
a	DT
school	NN
needs	VBZ
assessment	NN
,	,
it	PRP
aligns	VBZ
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
curriculum	NN
,	,
technology	NN
,	,
and	CC
professional	JJ
development	NN
into	IN
a	DT
plan	NN
for	IN
schoolwide	JJ
change	NN
.	.
The	DT
ultimate	JJ
goal	NN
of	IN
this	DT
design	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
enable	VB
all	DT
students	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
challenging	JJ
state	NN
content	NN
and	CC
student	NN
academic	JJ
achievement	NN
standards	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
provides	VBZ
high-quality	JJ
and	CC
continuous	JJ
staff	NN
development	NN
and	CC
training	NN
.	.
The	DT
professional	JJ
development	NN
involves	VBZ
proven	VBN
,	,
innovative	JJ
strategies	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
both	DT
cost	NN
effective	JJ
and	CC
easily	RB
accessible	JJ
and	CC
ensures	VBZ
that	IN
teachers	NNS
are	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
use	VB
state	NN
assessments	NNS
and	CC
challenging	JJ
state	NN
academic	JJ
content	NN
standards	NNS
to	TO
improve	VB
instructional	JJ
practice	NN
and	CC
student	NN
academic	JJ
achievement	NN
.	.
Well	RB
designed	VBN
professional	JJ
development	NN
activities	NNS
increase	VB
all	DT
teachers	NNS
'	POS
knowledge	NN
of	IN
both	DT
the	DT
academic	JJ
subjects	NNS
they	PRP
teach	VBP
and	CC
effective	JJ
instructional	JJ
strategies	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
grounded	VBN
in	IN
scientifically	RB
based	VBN
research	NN
.	.
They	PRP
include	VBP
strategies	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
partnerships	NNS
with	IN
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
and	CC
address	NN
such	JJ
topics	NNS
as	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
data	NNS
and	CC
assessment	NN
;	:
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
;	:
and	CC
improving	VBG
the	DT
instruction	NN
of	IN
all	DT
children	NNS
.	.
This	DT
professional	JJ
development	NN
is	VBZ
intensive	JJ
,	,
sustained	VBD
over	IN
time	NN
,	,
and	CC
classroom	NN
focused	VBD
.	.
Those	DT
who	WP
participate	VBP
also	RB
help	VB
to	TO
design	VB
it	PRP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
design	NN
is	VBZ
well	RB
integrated	VBN
with	IN
school	NN
and	CC
district	NN
educational	JJ
improvement	NN
plans	NNS
.	.
The	DT
professional	JJ
development	NN
component	NN
is	VBZ
regularly	RB
evaluated	VBN
to	TO
gauge	VB
its	PRP$
impact	NN
on	IN
increased	VBN
teacher	NN
effectiveness	NN
and	CC
improved	VBD
achievement	NN
.	.
Teachers	NNPS
,	,
principals	NNS
,	,
administrators	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
staff	NN
throughout	IN
the	DT
school	NN
support	NN
the	DT
CSR	NNP
program	NN
.	.
They	PRP
demonstrate	VBP
this	DT
support	NN
by	IN
,	,
amount	NN
other	JJ
activities	NNS
,	,
understanding	NN
and	CC
embracing	VBG
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
comprehensive	JJ
reform	NN
program	NN
,	,
focusing	VBG
on	IN
continuous	JJ
improvement	NN
of	IN
classroom	NN
instruction	NN
,	,
and	CC
participating	VBG
in	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
.	.
A	DT
CSR	NNP
program	NN
provides	VBZ
support	NN
for	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
principals	NNS
,	,
administrators	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
school	NN
staff	NN
by	IN
creating	VBG
a	DT
shared	VBN
leadership	NN
and	CC
a	DT
broad	JJ
base	NN
of	IN
responsibility	NN
for	IN
reform	NN
efforts	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
encourages	VBZ
teamwork	NN
and	CC
the	DT
celebration	NN
of	IN
accomplishments	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
provides	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
meaningful	JJ
involvement	NN
of	IN
parents	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
local	JJ
community	NN
in	IN
planning	NN
,	,
implementing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
evaluating	VBG
school	NN
improvement	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addressing	VBG
this	DT
component	NN
,	,
schools	NNS
create	VBP
strategies	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
parental	JJ
involvement	NN
requirements	NNS
of	IN
Title	NN
I	PRP
,	,
Part	NNP
A	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Section	NNP
1118	CD
of	IN
the	DT
ESEA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Schools	NNP
pay	NN
special	JJ
attention	NN
to	TO
building	VBG
parents	NNS
'	POS
capacity	NN
for	IN
involvement	NN
and	CC
design	NN
ways	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
parents	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
brought	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
instructional	JJ
program	NN
and	CC
contribute	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
academic	JJ
achievement	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
children	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
uses	VBZ
high-quality	JJ
external	JJ
support	NN
and	CC
assistance	NN
form	VBP
an	DT
entity	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
experience	NN
and	CC
expertise	NN
in	IN
schoolwide	NN
reform	NN
and	CC
improvement	NN
,	,
which	WDT
may	MD
include	VB
an	DT
institution	NN
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
.	.
The	DT
CSR	NNP
legislation	NN
requires	VBZ
that	IN
programs	NNS
are	VBP
supported	VBN
by	IN
qualified	JJ
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
providers	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
a	DT
successful	JJ
track	NN
record	NN
,	,
financial	JJ
stability	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
capacity	NN
to	TO
deliver	VB
high-quality	JJ
materials	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
development	NN
,	,
and	CC
on-site	JJ
support	NN
during	IN
the	DT
full	JJ
implementation	NN
period	NN
of	IN
the	DT
reform	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
ensures	VBZ
accountability	NN
by	IN
including	VBG
a	DT
plan	NN
for	IN
the	DT
annual	JJ
evaluation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
school	NN
reforms	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
student	NN
results	NNS
achieved	VBD
.	.
The	DT
evaluation	NN
helps	VBZ
ensure	VB
that	IN
the	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
making	VBG
progress	NN
toward	IN
achieving	VBG
its	PRP$
measurable	JJ
goals	NNS
and	CC
benchmarks	NNS
and	CC
that	IN
necessary	JJ
adjustments	NNS
and	CC
improvements	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
reform	NN
strategies	NNS
.	.
Coordination	NN
of	IN
resources	NNS
The	DT
program	NN
must	MD
identify	VB
federal	JJ
,	,
state	NN
,	,
local	JJ
and	CC
private	JJ
financial	JJ
and	CC
other	JJ
resources	NNS
that	WDT
schools	NNS
can	MD
use	VB
to	TO
coordinate	VB
services	NNS
that	WDT
support	VBP
and	CC
sustain	VBP
comprehensive	JJ
school	NN
reform	NN
.	.
Have	NNP
been	VBN
found	VBN
,	,
through	IN
scientifically	RB
based	VBN
research	NN
,	,
to	TO
significantly	RB
improve	VB
the	DT
academic	JJ
achievement	NN
of	IN
participating	VBG
students	NNS
;	:
or	CC
Have	VBP
been	VBN
found	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
strong	JJ
evidence	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
will	MD
significantly	RB
improve	VB
the	DT
academic	JJ
achievement	NN
of	IN
participating	VBG
children	NNS
.	.
No	DT
,	,
however	RB
a	DT
CSR	NNP
program	NN
must	MD
include	VB
all	DT
eleven	CD
components	NNS
listed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
legislation	NN
.	.
A	DT
program	NN
supported	VBN
with	IN
CSR	NNP
funds	NNS
must	MD
coherently	RB
integrate	VB
all	DT
eleven	CD
components	NNS
,	,
and	CC
its	PRP$
comprehensiveness	NN
must	MD
be	VB
reflected	VBN
in	IN
their	PRP$
interrelationship	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
in	IN
designing	VBG
its	PRP$
program	NN
,	,
a	DT
school	NN
should	MD
exercise	VB
care	NN
that	IN
the	DT
models	NNS
,	,
methods	NNS
,	,
and	CC
strategies	NNS
that	IN
it	PRP
incorporates	VBZ
create	VB
a	DT
coherent	JJ
whole	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
critical	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
program	NN
employ	VBP
strategies	NNS
and	CC
methods	NNS
for	IN
student	NN
learning	NN
,	,
teaching	NN
,	,
and	CC
school	NN
management	NN
that	WDT
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
scientifically	RB
based	VBN
research	NN
and	CC
effective	JJ
practices	NNS
and	CC
that	WDT
have	VBP
been	VBN
successfully	RB
replicated	VBN
in	IN
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
eleven	CD
components	NNS
embody	VBP
the	DT
essential	JJ
elements	NNS
of	IN
successful	JJ
schoolwide	NN
reform	NN
.	.
They	PRP
encourage	VBP
analysis	NN
,	,
planning	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
reforms	NNS
that	WDT
touch	VBP
every	DT
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
school	NN
program	NN
and	CC
all	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
Both	DT
nationally	RB
and	CC
locally	RB
developed	VBD
models	NNS
are	VBP
likely	JJ
to	TO
address	VB
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
eleven	CD
components	NNS
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
all	DT
of	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
a	DT
school	NN
adopts	VBZ
an	DT
external	JJ
model	NN
,	,
it	PRP
must	MD
incorporate	VB
that	IN
model	NN
into	IN
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
program	NN
that	WDT
addresses	VBZ
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
CSR	NNP
components	NNS
.	.
CSR	NNP
funds	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
used	VBN
simply	RB
to	TO
support	VB
randomly	RB
adopted	VBN
or	CC
developed	VBN
strategies	NNS
;	:
instead	RB
,	,
the	DT
strategies	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
integrated	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
design	NN
for	IN
effective	JJ
school	NN
functioning	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
program	NN
must	MD
be	VB
supported	VBN
by	IN
scientifically	RB
based	VBN
research	NN
or	CC
have	VB
strong	JJ
evidence	NN
of	IN
success	NN
.	.
Ensure	VB
that	DT
experimental	JJ
studies	NNS
are	VBP
presented	VBN
in	IN
sufficient	JJ
detail	NN
and	CC
clarity	NN
to	TO
allow	VB
for	IN
replication	NN
or	CC
,	,
at	IN
a	DT
minimum	NN
,	,
offer	VBP
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
build	VB
systematically	RB
on	IN
their	PRP$
findings	NNS
;	:
and	CC
Have	VBP
been	VBN
accepted	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
peer-reviewed	JJ
journal	NN
or	CC
approved	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
panel	NN
of	IN
independent	JJ
experts	NNS
through	IN
a	DT
comparably	RB
rigorous	JJ
,	,
objective	JJ
,	,
and	CC
scientific	JJ
review	NN
.	.
Duties	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
external	JJ
facilitator	NN
include	VBP
the	DT
collection	NN
of	IN
data	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Formative	NNP
Evaluation	NNP
Process	NNP
for	IN
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FEPSI	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
working	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
site	NN
researcher	NN
who	WP
also	RB
gathers	VBZ
FEPSI	NNP
data	NNS
,	,
and	CC
assisting	VBG
the	DT
school	NN
with	IN
reform	NN
efforts	NNS
as	IN
requested	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
each	DT
school	NN
must	MD
identify	VB
,	,
provide	VB
qualifications	NNS
for	IN
,	,
and	CC
provide	VB
a	DT
letter	NN
of	IN
commitment	NN
from	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
selected	VBN
external	JJ
facilitator	NN
.	.
The	DT
letter	NN
of	IN
commitment	NN
must	MD
include	VB
an	DT
assurance	NN
to	TO
attend	VB
the	DT
Comprehensive	NNP
School	NNP
Reform	NNP
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Leadership	NNP
Academy	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
trainings	NNS
sponsored	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
willingness	NN
to	TO
carry	VB
out	RP
responsibilities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Formative	NNP
Evaluation	NNP
Process	NNP
for	IN
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FEPSI	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
including	VBG
conducting	VBG
the	DT
School	NNP
Observation	NNP
Measures	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
SOMs	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Suggestions	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
selection	NN
of	IN
an	DT
external	JJ
facilitator	NN
include	VBP
an	DT
employee	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
RESA	NNP
,	,
a	DT
college	NN
or	CC
university	NN
,	,
or	CC
an	DT
educational	JJ
consultant	NN
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
imperative	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
staff	NN
of	IN
each	DT
school	NN
have	VBP
a	DT
thorough	JJ
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
CSR	NNP
process	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
requirement	NN
that	IN
each	DT
school	NN
send	VB
a	DT
team	NN
CSR	NNP
grant	NN
writing	VBG
workshops	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
submit	VB
a	DT
proposal	NN
.	.
The	DT
grant	NN
writing	VBG
workshops	NNS
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
in	IN
the	DT
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
CSR	NNP
process	NN
and	CC
to	TO
assist	VB
schools	NNS
in	IN
determining	VBG
school	NN
needs	NNS
and	CC
writing	VBG
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
school	NN
reform	NN
plan	NN
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
CSR	NNP
coordinator	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
on	IN
an	DT
individual	JJ
basis	NN
to	TO
eligible	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
providing	VBG
feedback	NN
to	TO
schools	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
develop	VBP
their	PRP$
plan	NN
in	IN
draft	NN
form	NN
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
once	RB
a	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
selected	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
CSR	NNP
school	NN
,	,
each	DT
school	NN
team	NN
will	MD
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
attend	VB
the	DT
CSR	NNP
Leadership	NNP
Academies	NNP
which	WDT
are	VBP
held	VBN
biannually	RB
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
team	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
principal	NN
,	,
lead	NN
teacher	NN
,	,
and	CC
external	JJ
facilitator	NN
who	WP
will	MD
attend	VB
sessions	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
components	NNS
of	IN
CSR	NNP
,	,
to	TO
address	VB
reform	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
ensure	VB
appropriate	JJ
training	NN
in	IN
the	DT
FEPSI	NNP
evaluation	NN
process	NN
.	.
LEA	NNP
responsibilities	NNS
of	IN
serving	VBG
eligible	JJ
students	NNS
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
private	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
law	NN
requires	VBZ
that	IN
LEAs	NNS
provide	VBP
eligible	JJ
private	JJ
school	NN
children	NNS
with	IN
special	JJ
educational	JJ
services	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
Title	NN
I	PRP
benefits	NNS
that	WDT
address	VBP
their	PRP$
needs	NNS
,	,
on	IN
an	DT
equitable	JJ
basis	NN
and	CC
in	IN
a	DT
timely	JJ
manner	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
services	NNS
or	CC
benefits	NNS
might	MD
include	VB
dual	JJ
enrollment	NN
,	,
educational	JJ
radio	NN
and	CC
television	NN
,	,
computer	NN
equipment	NN
and	CC
materials	NNS
,	,
other	JJ
technology	NN
,	,
and	CC
mobile	JJ
educational	JJ
services	NNS
and	CC
equipment	NN
.	.
Further	JJ
examples	NNS
of	IN
delivery	NN
might	MD
include	VB
specialized	VBN
instruction	NN
outside	IN
the	DT
regular	JJ
classroom	NN
,	,
extended	VBN
learning	NN
time	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
before\/after	JJ
school	NN
or	CC
summer	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
family	NN
literacy	NN
services	NNS
,	,
early	RB
childhood	NN
services	NNS
,	,
computer	NN
assisted	VBN
instruction	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
these	DT
services	NNS
.	.
NCLB	NNP
explicitly	RB
states	VBZ
that	IN
these	DT
benefits	NNS
also	RB
extend	VBP
to	TO
private	JJ
school	NN
parents	NNS
and	CC
teachers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
LEA	NNP
must	MD
ensure	VB
that	IN
teachers	NNS
and	CC
families	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
eligible	JJ
private	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
participate	VB
,	,
on	IN
an	DT
equitable	JJ
basis	NN
,	,
in	IN
services	NNS
and	CC
activities	NNS
developed	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
Title	NNP
I	PRP
requirements	NNS
on	IN
parental	JJ
involvement	NN
and	CC
professional	JJ
development	NN
.	.
The	DT
LEA	NNP
must	MD
provide	VB
educational	JJ
services	NNS
and	CC
benefits	NNS
to	TO
eligible	JJ
students	NNS
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
private	JJ
elementary	JJ
and	CC
secondary	JJ
schools	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
equitable	JJ
in	IN
comparison	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Title	NN
I	PRP
services	VBZ
provided	VBN
to	TO
public	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
total	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
expended	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
LEA	NNP
for	IN
services	NNS
to	TO
eligible	JJ
private	JJ
school	NN
children	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
equal	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
generated	VBN
by	IN
private	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
.	.
Appropriate	JJ
consultation	NN
with	IN
private	JJ
school	NN
officials	NNS
is	VBZ
often	RB
the	DT
key	NN
to	TO
ensuring	VBG
that	IN
a	DT
LEA	NNP
's	POS
program	NN
for	IN
equitable	JJ
participation	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
success	NN
.	.
``	``
Timely	NNP
''	''
consultation	NN
must	MD
occur	VB
before	IN
the	DT
LEA	NNP
makes	VBZ
any	DT
decision	NN
that	WDT
affects	VBZ
the	DT
opportunities	NNS
of	IN
eligible	JJ
private	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
.	.
These	DT
meetings	NNS
must	MD
continue	VB
throughout	IN
implementation	NN
and	CC
assessment	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
to	TO
be	VB
``	``
meaningful	JJ
,	,
''	''
the	DT
LEA	NNP
must	MD
genuinely	RB
consider	VB
the	DT
comments	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
private	JJ
school	NN
officials	NNS
.	.
Although	IN
the	DT
LEA	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
bound	VBN
to	TO
accept	VB
the	DT
private	JJ
school	NN
officials	NNS
'	POS
recommendations	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
must	MD
provide	VB
genuine	JJ
consideration	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
end	NN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
the	DT
LEA	NNP
makes	VBZ
the	DT
final	JJ
decisions	NNS
with	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Title	NN
I	PRP
services	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
provided	VBN
to	TO
eligible	JJ
private	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
LEA	NNP
contracts	NNS
services	NNS
,	,
the	DT
contractor	NN
must	MD
be	VB
independent	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
private	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
of	IN
any	DT
religious	JJ
organization	NN
.	.
The	DT
contract	NN
or	CC
the	DT
employment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
must	MD
be	VB
under	IN
the	DT
control	NN
and	CC
supervision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
LEA	NNP
.	.
Educational	NNP
services	NNS
,	,
materials	NNS
,	,
and	CC
equipment	NN
must	MD
be	VB
secular	JJ
,	,
neutral	JJ
,	,
and	CC
nonideological	JJ
.	.
Behind	IN
Act	NNP
requires	VBZ
that	IN
private	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
participating	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
Title	NN
I	PRP
program	NN
must	MD
be	VB
assessed	VBN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
regulations	NNS
clarify	VBP
that	IN
nothing	NN
under	IN
the	DT
statute	NN
requires	VBZ
a	DT
private	JJ
school	NN
that	WDT
receives	VBZ
Title	NN
I	PRP
services	NNS
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
's	POS
academic	JJ
assessment	NN
system	NN
.	.
The	DT
LEA	NNP
and	CC
private	JJ
school	NN
officials	NNS
must	MD
develop	VB
alternative	JJ
standards	NNS
of	IN
student	NN
achievement	NN
if	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
curriculum	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
aligned	VBN
with	IN
state	NN
standards	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
private	JJ
school	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
utilize	VB
the	DT
state	NN
assessment	NN
,	,
the	DT
LEA	NNP
must	MD
use	VB
some	DT
assessment	NN
measure	NN
for	IN
gauging	VBG
the	DT
progress	NN
of	IN
Title	NNP
I	PRP
private	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
.	.
Criteria	NNS
may	MD
include	VB
:	:
achievement	NN
tests	NNS
,	,
teacher	NN
referral	NN
and	CC
recommendation	NN
,	,
classroom	NN
performance	NN
,	,
grades	NNS
,	,
and	CC
interviews	NNS
with	IN
parents	NNS
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
an	DT
approved	VBN
amendment	NN
to	TO
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
Accountability	NNP
Plan	NNP
,	,
``	``
AYP	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
determined	VBN
annually	RB
for	IN
districts	NNS
.	.
A	DT
district	NN
will	MD
be	VB
identified	VBN
for	IN
improvement	NN
states	NNS
only	RB
if	IN
all	DT
grade	NN
spans	NNS
,	,
elementary	JJ
,	,
middle	JJ
,	,
and	CC
high	JJ
school	NN
fail	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
AYP	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
year	NN
in	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
groups	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
grade	NN
spans	NNS
makes	VBZ
AYP	NNP
,	,
the	DT
district	NN
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
identified	VBN
for	IN
improvement	NN
.	.
AYP	NNP
for	IN
each	DT
grade	NN
span	NN
will	MD
be	VB
calculated	VBN
by	IN
considering	VBG
the	DT
percent	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
proficient	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
grade	NN
span	NN
will	MD
be	VB
calculated	VBN
by	IN
considering	VBG
the	DT
percent	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
proficient	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
grade	NN
span	NN
compared	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
established	VBN
AMO	NNP
for	IN
that	DT
grade	NN
span	NN
.	.
Confidence	NN
interval	NN
,	,
minimum	JJ
N	NNP
size	NN
,	,
Safe	NNP
Harbor	NNP
,	,
and	CC
uniform	JJ
averaging	NN
provisions	NNS
will	MD
also	RB
apply	VB
to	TO
this	DT
calculation	NN
.	.
A	DT
district	NN
identified	VBN
for	IN
improvement	NN
status	NN
will	MD
be	VB
removed	VBN
from	IN
that	DT
status	NN
if	IN
the	DT
district	NN
makes	VBZ
AYP	NNP
for	IN
2	CD
consecutive	JJ
years	NNS
or	CC
of	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
district	NN
's	POS
grade	NN
spans	NNS
makes	VBZ
AYP	NNP
for	IN
2	CD
consecutive	JJ
years	NNS
.	.
''	''
School	NNP
improvement	NN
provisions	NNS
are	VBP
embedded	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
NCLB	NNP
legislation	NN
and	CC
Title	NN
I	PRP
regulations	NNS
.	.
Emphasis	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
LEAs	NNS
in	IN
assuming	VBG
a	DT
leadership	NN
role	NN
to	TO
guide	VB
and	CC
support	VB
school	NN
improvement	NN
within	IN
the	DT
districts	NNS
.	.
Levels	NNS
of	IN
interventions	NNS
are	VBP
designed	VBN
for	IN
schools	NNS
that	WDT
do	VBP
not	RB
make	VB
adequate	JJ
yearly	JJ
progress	NN
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
No	NNP
Child	NNP
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
Act	NNP
,	,
any	DT
Title	NN
I	PRP
school	VBP
that	DT
is	VBZ
in	IN
its	PRP$
first	JJ
year	NN
of	IN
school	NN
improvement	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
two	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
consecutive	JJ
years	NNS
not	RB
meeting	VBG
adequate	JJ
yearly	JJ
progress	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
must	MD
offer	VB
all	DT
students	NNS
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
the	DT
option	NN
to	TO
transfer	VB
to	TO
another	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
within	IN
the	DT
LEA	NNP
that	WDT
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
identified	VBN
for	IN
improvement	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
NCLB	NNP
Section	NNP
1116	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
from	IN
which	WDT
students	NNS
may	MD
choose	VB
are	VBP
not	RB
required	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
schools	NNS
that	WDT
receive	VBP
Title	NN
I	PRP
funds	NNS
.	.
If	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
school	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
option	NN
for	IN
choice	NN
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
LEA	NNP
must	MD
provide	VB
parents	NNS
a	DT
choice	NN
of	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
school	NN
.	.
A	DT
school	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
in	IN
its	PRP$
second	JJ
year	NN
or	CC
more	JJR
of	IN
school	NN
improvement	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
three	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
years	NNS
not	RB
meeting	VBG
adequate	JJ
yearly	JJ
progress	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
must	MD
arrange	VB
for	IN
the	DT
provision	NN
of	IN
supplemental	JJ
services	NNS
to	TO
eligible	JJ
children	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
from	IN
a	DT
provider	NN
with	IN
a	DT
demonstrated	VBN
track	NN
record	NN
of	IN
effectiveness	NN
or	CC
a	DT
high	JJ
probability	NN
of	IN
success	NN
.	.
Supplemental	NNP
educational	JJ
services	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
SES	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
consists	VBZ
of	IN
academic	JJ
instruction	NN
outside	IN
of	IN
the	DT
regular	JJ
school	NN
day	NN
designed	VBN
to	TO
increase	VB
the	DT
academic	JJ
achievement	NN
of	IN
low-income	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
These	DT
services	NNS
may	MD
include	VB
academic	JJ
services	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
tutoring	NN
,	,
remediation	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
educational	JJ
interventions	NNS
provided	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
approaches	NNS
are	VBP
constant	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
state	NN
's	POS
academic	JJ
content	NN
standards	NNS
.	.
The	DT
main	JJ
purpose	NN
of	IN
SES	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
increase	NN
student	NN
achievement	NN
in	IN
reading\/language	NN
arts	NNS
and	CC
mathematics	NNS
;	:
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
enable	VBP
children	NNS
to	TO
attain	VB
proficiency	NN
in	IN
meeting	VBG
the	DT
state	NN
academic	JJ
achievement	NN
standards	NNS
.	.
Complete	JJ
both	DT
sections	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
back	NN
,	,
giving	VBG
reasons	NNS
for	IN
surplus	NN
and	CC
explaining	VBG
what\/how	JJ
the	DT
new	JJ
line	NN
codes	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
equipment	NN
line	NN
codes	NNS
are	VBP
listed	VBN
,	,
include	VBP
description	NN
,	,
unit	NN
and	CC
extended	VBD
cost	NN
,	,
and	CC
justification	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
To	TO
create	VB
a	DT
line	NN
code	NN
that	WDT
does	VBZ
not	RB
exist	VB
in	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
year	NN
's	POS
budget	NN
;	:
or	CC
To	TO
allow	VB
for	IN
substantial	JJ
change	NN
in	IN
the	DT
project	NN
applications	NNS
--	:
either	RB
adding	VBG
or	CC
deleting	VBG
personnel	NNS
,	,
or	CC
adding	VBG
,	,
deleting	VBG
,	,
or	CC
modifying	VBG
program	NN
elements	NNS
or	CC
delivery	NN
systems	NNS
.	.
Title	NNP
I	PRP
amendments	NNS
involve	VBP
reserve	NN
funds	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
funds	NNS
not	RB
previously	RB
placed	VBN
in	IN
line	NN
codes	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
surplus	NN
funds	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
funds	NNS
originally	RB
placed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
line	NN
code	NN
,	,
either	CC
not	RB
needed	VBN
in	IN
that	DT
line	NN
code	NN
or	CC
funds	NNS
transferred	VBN
into	IN
another	DT
line	NN
code	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
it	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
better	RBR
spent	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
or	CC
both	DT
reserve	NN
and	CC
surplus	NN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
amendment	NN
.	.
The	DT
No	NNP
Child	NNP
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
Act	NNP
of	IN
2001	CD
is	VBZ
a	DT
landmark	NN
in	IN
education	NN
reform	NN
designed	VBN
to	TO
improve	VB
student	NN
achievement	NN
and	CC
change	VB
the	DT
culture	NN
of	IN
America	NNP
's	POS
schools	NNS
.	.
With	IN
passage	NN
of	IN
NCLB	NNP
,	,
Congress	NNP
reauthorized	VBD
the	DT
Elementary	NNP
and	CC
Secondary	JJ
Education	NNP
Act	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ESEA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
--	:
the	DT
principle	NN
federal	JJ
law	NN
affecting	VBG
education	NN
from	IN
kindergarten	NN
through	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
.	.
In	IN
amending	VBG
ESCA	NNP
,	,
the	DT
new	JJ
law	NN
represents	VBZ
a	DT
sweeping	JJ
overhaul	NN
of	IN
federal	JJ
efforts	NNS
to	TO
support	VB
elementary	JJ
and	CC
secondary	JJ
education	NN
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
.	.
No	DT
Child	NN
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
Compliance	NNP
Insider	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
practical	JJ
,	,
``	``
how-to	JJ
''	''
newsletter	NN
devoted	JJ
exclusively	RB
to	TO
telling	VBG
you	PRP
everything	NN
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
know	VB
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
sweeping	JJ
new	JJ
NCLB	NNP
rules	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
.	.
Written	VBN
and	CC
edited	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
staff	NN
of	IN
attorneys	NNS
,	,
each	DT
monthly	JJ
issue	NN
of	IN
The	DT
Insider	NNP
gives	VBZ
you	PRP
plain-english	JJ
ideas	NNS
and	CC
techniques	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
:	:
understand	VB
and	CC
comply	VB
with	IN
NCLB	NNP
and	CC
U.S.	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
regulations	NNS
and	CC
guidance	NN
;	:
get	VB
the	DT
best	JJS
use	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
federal	JJ
education	NN
dollars	NNS
;	:
and	CC
protect	VB
yourself	PRP
from	IN
adverse	JJ
findings	NNS
in	IN
education	NN
audits	NN
.	.
NCLB	NNP
fiscal	JJ
rules	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
wreak	VB
havoc	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
budgets	NNS
and	CC
leave	VB
you	PRP
vulnerable	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
host	NN
of	IN
legal	JJ
and	CC
financial	JJ
headaches	NNS
.	.
In	IN
each	DT
monthly	JJ
issue	NN
,	,
leading	VBG
school	NN
financial	JJ
experts	NNS
clearly	RB
spell	VBP
out	RP
how	WRB
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
law	NN
...	:
avoid	VB
audit	NN
problems	NNS
...	:
take	VB
full	JJ
advantage	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
funding	NN
flexibility	NN
...	:
get	VB
more	JJR
out	IN
of	IN
your	PRP$
federal	JJ
dollars	NNS
...	:
and	CC
avoid	VB
potentially	RB
devastating	JJ
errors	NNS
that	WDT
could	MD
result	VB
in	IN
costly	JJ
litigation	NN
,	,
or	CC
in	IN
your	PRP$
having	VBG
to	TO
give	VB
money	NN
back	RB
.	.
While	IN
viewing	VBG
the	DT
resource	NN
you	PRP
can	MD
press	VB
F11	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
top	JJ
row	NN
of	IN
keyboard	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
change	VB
your	PRP$
view	NN
to	TO
a	DT
full	JJ
screen	NN
view	NN
which	WDT
will	MD
remove	VB
your	PRP$
toolbars	NNS
thus	RB
allowing	VBG
you	PRP
to	TO
see	VB
as	RB
much	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
page	NN
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
Pressing	VBG
F11	CD
again	RB
will	MD
return	VB
your	PRP$
toolbars	NNS
.	.
This	DT
resource	NN
is	VBZ
best	JJS
viewed	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
screen	NN
resolution	NN
of	IN
1024	CD
x	SYM
768	CD
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
questions	NNS
about	IN
changing	VBG
your	PRP$
screen	NN
resolution	NN
please	VB
contact	NN
the	DT
Technology	NNP
Specialist	NNP
in	IN
your	PRP$
school	NN
or	CC
county	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
also	RB
click	VB
here	RB
to	TO
view	VB
a	DT
web	NN
resource	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
on	IN
screen	NN
resolution	NN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
now	RB
completed	VBN
The	DT
Changing	VBG
World	NNP
segment	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
continue	VB
with	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
segment	NN
click	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
21st	CD
Century	NNP
Learning	NNP
button	NN
below	IN
.	.
To	TO
end	VB
the	DT
session	NN
click	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
X	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
top	JJ
right	NN
of	IN
the	DT
screen	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Lowell	NNP
Johnson	NNP
was	VBD
appointed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
in	IN
January	NNP
2004	CD
by	IN
Governor	NNP
Bob	NNP
Wise	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
most	RBS
recently	RB
served	VBD
as	IN
the	DT
assistant	NN
secretary	NN
for	IN
ports	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Transportation	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
is	VBZ
currently	RB
serving	VBG
his	PRP$
second	JJ
term	NN
as	IN
state	NN
board	NN
president	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Johnson	NNP
has	VBZ
an	DT
extensive	JJ
history	NN
with	IN
education	NN
in	IN
our	PRP$
state	NN
.	.
He	PRP
earned	VBD
his	PRP$
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
in	IN
education	NN
from	IN
Concord	NNP
College	NNP
,	,
a	DT
master	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
in	IN
guidance	NN
and	CC
counseling	NN
from	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
a	DT
doctoral	JJ
degree	NN
in	IN
reading	NN
and	CC
psychology	NN
from	IN
W.V.U.	NNP
Dr.	NNP
Johnson	NNP
has	VBZ
also	RB
dedicated	VBN
a	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
of	IN
time	NN
to	TO
the	DT
National	NNP
Education	NNP
Association	NNP
serving	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
currently	RB
serves	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
State	NNP
Fair	NNP
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
serves	VBZ
numerous	JJ
community	NN
organizations	NNS
including	VBG
the	DT
Parkersburg	NNP
Area	NNP
Community	NNP
Foundation	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Governors	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
former	JJ
Chairman	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
the	DT
National	NNP
Society	NNP
Daughters	NNPS
of	IN
the	DT
American	NNP
Revolution	NNP
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
serving	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
she	PRP
also	RB
serves	VBZ
as	IN
secretary	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
School	NNP
Building	NNP
Authority	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Holocaust	NNP
Education	NNP
Commission	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Commission	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Standards	NNPS
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
as	IN
an	DT
elementary	JJ
teacher	NN
for	IN
15	CD
years	NNS
at	IN
Gilbert	NNP
Grade	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
later	RB
served	VBD
as	IN
the	DT
Dean	NNP
of	IN
Students	NNS
at	IN
Gilbert	NNP
Junior	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
for	IN
four	CD
years	NNS
,	,
and	CC
later	RB
as	IN
its	PRP$
principal	NN
for	IN
11	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Hatfield	NNP
continued	VBD
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
principal	NN
when	WRB
Gilbert	NNP
Junior	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
became	VBD
Gilbert	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Hatfield	NNP
has	VBZ
served	VBN
in	IN
several	JJ
public	JJ
serve	VBP
positions	NNS
including	VBG
two	CD
terms	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Democratic	NNP
Executive	NNP
Committee	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
is	VBZ
a	DT
former	JJ
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Gilbert	NNP
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
former	JJ
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Man	NNP
Community	NNP
Health	NNP
Foundation	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
currently	RB
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Mingo	NNP
county	NN
Public	NNP
Library	NNP
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Women	NNP
's	POS
Commission	NNP
.	.
This	DT
rule	NN
establishes	VBZ
the	DT
minimum	NN
system	NN
of	IN
accounting	NN
practices	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
that	WDT
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
State	NN
.	.
County	NNP
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
develop	VB
local	JJ
policies	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
that	WDT
supplement	VBP
the	DT
provisions	NNS
specified	VBN
herein	RB
.	.
The	DT
accounting	NN
procedures	NNS
manual	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
developed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
guide	NN
for	IN
school	NN
principals	NNS
,	,
secretaries	NNS
and	CC
others	NNS
involved	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
accounting	NN
of	IN
school	NN
funds	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
in	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
duties	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
revised	VBN
periodically	RB
to	TO
update	VB
established	JJ
practices	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
believes	VBZ
that	IN
a	DT
system	NN
of	IN
accounting	NN
practices	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
State	NN
to	TO
enable	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
account	VB
for	IN
the	DT
receipt	NN
and	CC
disbursement	NN
of	IN
all	DT
funds	NNS
received	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
accurate	JJ
and	CC
efficient	JJ
manner	NN
.	.
Fiduciary	JJ
Responsibility	NN
:	:
Inherent	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
process	NN
of	IN
this	DT
State	NN
,	,
public	JJ
officials	NNS
and	CC
employees	NNS
entrusted	VBN
with	IN
public	JJ
funds	NNS
are	VBP
expected	VBN
to	TO
safeguard	VB
those	DT
funds	NNS
and	CC
expend	VB
them	PRP
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
efficient	JJ
,	,
economical	JJ
and	CC
effective	JJ
to	TO
achieve	VB
the	DT
purpose	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
were	VBD
provided	VBN
.	.
Officials	NNS
and	CC
employees	NNS
who	WP
handle	VBP
such	JJ
funds	NNS
must	MD
provide	VB
a	DT
full	JJ
accounting	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
activities	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
to	TO
other	JJ
levels	NNS
of	IN
government	NN
.	.
County	NNP
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
statute	NN
and	CC
the	DT
rules	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
have	VBP
the	DT
authority	NN
and	CC
responsibility	NN
to	TO
require	VB
that	IN
records	NNS
be	VB
kept	VBN
of	IN
all	DT
receipts	NNS
and	CC
disbursements	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
funds	NNS
collected	VBN
or	CC
received	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
principal	NN
,	,
teacher	NN
,	,
student	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
person	NN
connected	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
and	CC
all	DT
programs	NNS
,	,
activities	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
endeavors	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
nature	NN
operated	VBD
or	CC
carried	VBD
on	IN
by	IN
or	CC
in	IN
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
or	CC
by	IN
any	DT
organization	NN
or	CC
body	NN
directly	RB
connected	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
to	TO
audit	VB
such	JJ
funds	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
conserve	VB
such	JJ
funds	NNS
.	.
All	DT
such	JJ
funds	NNS
so	RB
collected	VBN
shall	MD
be	VB
deemed	VBN
quasi-public	JJ
moneys	NNS
,	,
and	CC
shall	MD
be	VB
expended	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
benefit	NN
of	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
accounting	NN
practices	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
prescribed	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
manual	NN
apply	VB
to	TO
every	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
in	IN
the	DT
State	NN
,	,
including	VBG
multi-county	JJ
vocational	JJ
centers	NNS
.	.
County	NNP
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
develop	VB
local	JJ
policies	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
that	WDT
supplement	VBP
the	DT
provisions	NNS
specified	VBN
herein	RB
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
internal	JJ
accounting	NN
and	CC
administrative	JJ
controls	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
means	NN
for	IN
safeguarding	VBG
a	DT
school	NN
's	POS
assets	NNS
,	,
checking	VBG
the	DT
reliability	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
accounting	NN
records	NNS
,	,
promoting	VBG
operational	JJ
efficiency	NN
and	CC
encouraging	JJ
adherence	NN
to	TO
prescribed	VBN
accounting	NN
practices	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
considered	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
separate	JJ
and	CC
distinct	JJ
financial	JJ
accounting	NN
entity	NN
.	.
As	IN
such	JJ
,	,
a	DT
complete	JJ
set	NN
of	IN
accounting	NN
records	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
maintained	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
school	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
recorded	VBN
all	DT
financial	JJ
activities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
Separate	JJ
monthly	JJ
and	CC
annual	JJ
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
prepared	VBN
by	IN
each	DT
school	NN
,	,
including	VBG
multi-county	JJ
vocational	JJ
centers	NNS
.	.
Only	RB
financial	JJ
activities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
recorded	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
accounting	NN
records	NNS
;	:
personal	JJ
transactions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
staff	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
coffee	NN
or	CC
flower	NN
fund	NN
collections	NNS
,	,
are	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
entered	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
accounting	NN
records	NNS
or	CC
mixed	VBN
in	IN
with	IN
the	DT
revenues	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
financial	JJ
management	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
principal	NN
must	MD
ensure	VB
that	IN
all	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
manual	NN
and	CC
local	JJ
board	NN
policies	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
are	VBP
complied	VBN
with	IN
,	,
that	IN
all	DT
accounting	NN
records	NNS
are	VBP
maintained	VBN
accurately	RB
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
all	DT
financial	JJ
reports	NNS
are	VBP
prepared	JJ
and	CC
submitted	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
timely	JJ
manner	NN
.	.
Each	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
shall	MD
establish	VB
by	IN
local	JJ
policy	NN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
the	DT
schools	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
county	NN
are	VBP
authorized	VBN
to	TO
maintain	VB
.	.
In	IN
establishing	VBG
such	JJ
policy	NN
,	,
the	DT
board	NN
should	MD
consider	VB
the	DT
size	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
the	DT
benefits	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
derived	VBN
from	IN
maintaining	VBG
separate	JJ
funds	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
availability	NN
of	IN
adequate	JJ
personnel	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
perform	VB
the	DT
accounting	NN
tasks	NNS
required	VBN
in	IN
maintaining	VBG
separate	JJ
funds	NNS
.	.
General	NNP
Fund	NNP
-	:
The	NNP
fund	NN
used	VBD
to	TO
account	VB
for	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
operations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
and	CC
all	DT
other	JJ
financial	JJ
resources	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
except	IN
those	DT
accounted	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
another	DT
fund	NN
.	.
Every	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
maintain	VB
a	DT
General	NNP
Fund	NNP
.	.
Child	NN
Nutrition	NNP
Fund	NNP
-	:
A	NNP
fund	NN
used	VBD
to	TO
account	VB
for	IN
the	DT
operations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
child	NN
nutrition	NN
program	NN
at	IN
each	DT
school	NN
.	.
In	IN
county	NN
school	NN
districts	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
centralized	JJ
child	NN
nutrition	NN
program	NN
,	,
the	DT
maintenance	NN
of	IN
this	DT
fund	NN
is	VBZ
optional	JJ
.	.
The	DT
fund	NN
must	MD
be	VB
maintained	VBN
at	IN
each	DT
school	NN
in	IN
school	NN
districts	NNS
that	WDT
operate	VBP
a	DT
decentralized	JJ
child	NN
nutrition	NN
program	NN
.	.
All	DT
bank	NN
accounts	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
school	NN
funds	NNS
are	VBP
deposited	VBN
must	MD
contain	VB
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
and	CC
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
's	POS
Federal	NNP
Employer	NNP
Identification	NNP
Number	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FEIN	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
and	CC
the	DT
chief	JJ
school	NN
business	NN
official	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
must	MD
have	VB
signature	NN
authority	NN
for	IN
every	DT
such	JJ
bank	NN
account	NN
.	.
Basis	NN
of	IN
accounting	NN
refers	VBZ
to	TO
when	WRB
revenues	NNS
and	CC
expenditures	NNS
are	VBP
recognized	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
accounting	NN
records	NNS
and	CC
reported	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
.	.
Specifically	RB
,	,
it	PRP
relates	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
timing	NN
of	IN
the	DT
measurements	NNS
made	VBN
.	.
A	DT
transaction	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
receipts	NNS
and	CC
disbursements	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
journal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
maintained	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
fund	NN
established	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
school	NN
to	TO
record	VB
all	DT
receipts	NNS
and	CC
disbursements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
fund	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
that	IN
all	DT
county	NN
boards	NNS
acquire	VB
a	DT
computerized	JJ
accounting	NN
system	NN
for	IN
all	DT
schools	NNS
within	IN
a	DT
county	NN
to	TO
use	VB
.	.
Regardless	RB
of	IN
whether	IN
a	DT
computerized	JJ
or	CC
manual	JJ
system	NN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
,	,
the	DT
following	JJ
transactions	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
transaction	NN
journal	NN
in	IN
a	DT
timely	JJ
fashion	NN
:	:
all	DT
receipts	NNS
;	:
all	DT
disbursements	NNS
;	:
all	DT
voided	VBN
receipts	NNS
;	:
all	DT
voided	VBN
checks	NNS
;	:
all	DT
interest	NN
earned	VBN
;	:
all	DT
bank	NN
charges	NNS
;	:
all	DT
transfers	NNS
between	IN
accounts	NNS
within	IN
a	DT
fund	NN
;	:
all	DT
transfers	NNS
between	IN
different	JJ
funds	NNS
;	:
and	CC
all	DT
transfers	NNS
between	IN
depository	NN
and	CC
investment	NN
bank	NN
accounts	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
posting	VBG
must	MD
include	VB
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
transaction	NN
;	:
receipt	NN
or	CC
check	VB
number	NN
listed	VBN
in	IN
numeric	JJ
order	NN
,	,
name	NN
of	IN
payor	NN
or	CC
payee	NN
;	:
and	CC
individual	JJ
account	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
collection	NN
or	CC
disbursement	NN
was	VBD
made	VBN
.	.
The	DT
transaction	NN
journal	NN
for	IN
each	DT
fund	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
footed	VBN
and	CC
cross-footed	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
added	VBD
down	RB
and	CC
across	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
each	DT
month	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
errors	NNS
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
made	VBN
.	.
If	IN
errors	NNS
are	VBP
found	VBN
to	TO
exist	VB
,	,
they	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
identified	VBN
and	CC
corrected	VBN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
,	,
using	VBG
correcting	VBG
journal	NN
entries	NNS
.	.
Bank	NNP
signature	NN
cards	NNS
for	IN
individuals	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
signature	NN
authority	NN
on	IN
local	JJ
bank	NN
accounts	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
maintained	VBN
current	JJ
at	IN
all	DT
times	NNS
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
must	MD
have	VB
signature	NN
authority	NN
for	IN
every	DT
account	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
school	NN
funds	NNS
are	VBP
deposited	VBN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
the	DT
chief	JJ
school	NN
business	NN
official	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
must	MD
also	RB
have	VB
signature	NN
authority	NN
on	IN
all	DT
accounts	NNS
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
ensure	VB
that	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
have	VBP
access	NN
to	TO
school	NN
funds	NNS
in	IN
circumstances	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
principal	NN
and	CC
his\/her	NN
designee	NN
,	,
if	IN
applicable	JJ
,	,
are	VBP
absent	JJ
unexpectedly	RB
or	CC
for	IN
an	DT
extended	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
All	DT
checks	NNS
must	MD
have	VB
pre-printed	VBN
on	IN
them	PRP
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
the	DT
fund	NN
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
address	NN
,	,
the	DT
check	NN
number	NN
and	CC
two	CD
blank	JJ
spaces	NNS
for	IN
signatures	NNS
.	.
Current	JJ
stocks	NNS
of	IN
checks	NNS
,	,
however	RB
,	,
may	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
until	IN
exhausted	VBN
.	.
All	DT
moneys	NNS
collected	VBN
from	IN
school	NN
activities	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
remitted	JJ
daily	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
or	CC
to	TO
the	DT
individual	JJ
designated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
to	TO
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
fund	NN
.	.
In	IN
situations	NNS
where	WRB
the	DT
moneys	NNS
are	VBP
collected	VBN
after	IN
normal	JJ
school	NN
hours	NNS
or	CC
on	IN
week-ends	NNS
,	,
the	DT
funds	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
remitted	VBN
the	DT
following	JJ
school	NN
day	NN
.	.
All	DT
proceeds	NNS
from	IN
concession	NN
sales	NNS
operated	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
school	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
receipted	VBN
and	CC
deposited	VBN
intact	JJ
into	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
General	NNP
Fund	NNP
.	.
Merchandise	NN
purchased	VBD
for	IN
resale	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
purchased	VBN
by	IN
check	NN
issued	VBN
for	IN
that	DT
purpose	NN
.	.
The	DT
purchase	NN
invoices	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
retained	VBN
as	IN
supporting	VBG
documentation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
disbursements	NNS
.	.
If	IN
vending	VBG
machines	NNS
are	VBP
maintained	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
school	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
vendors	NNS
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
stock	VB
the	DT
machines	NNS
and	CC
remove	VB
all	DT
sales	NNS
proceeds	NNS
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
manner	NN
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
purchasing	VBG
,	,
storing	VBG
and	CC
safeguarding	VBG
the	DT
inventory	NN
,	,
removing	VBG
and	CC
accounting	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
sales	NNS
proceeds	NNS
or	CC
remitting	VBG
the	DT
corresponding	JJ
consumer	NN
sales	NNS
tax	NN
.	.
All	DT
proceeds	NNS
from	IN
vending	VBG
machine	NN
sales	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
receipted	VBN
and	CC
deposited	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
school	NN
fund	NN
and	CC
account	NN
.	.
Merchandise	NN
purchased	VBD
for	IN
resale	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
purchased	VBN
by	IN
check	NN
issued	VBN
for	IN
that	DT
purpose	NN
.	.
The	DT
purchase	NN
invoices	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
retained	VBN
as	IN
documentation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
disbursements	NNS
.	.
If	IN
fund	NN
raising	VBG
activities	NNS
are	VBP
conducted	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
school	NN
,	,
local	JJ
procedures	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
established	VBN
to	TO
regulate	VB
such	JJ
activities	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
conducted	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
proper	JJ
manner	NN
and	CC
that	IN
all	DT
proceeds	NNS
are	VBP
receipted	VBN
and	CC
deposited	VBN
correctly	RB
.	.
All	DT
proceeds	NNS
from	IN
fund	NN
raisers	NNS
conducted	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
school	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
receipted	VBN
and	CC
deposited	VBN
intact	JJ
into	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
depository	NN
accounts	NNS
.	.
Merchandise	NN
purchased	VBD
for	IN
resale	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
purchased	VBN
by	IN
checks	NNS
issued	VBN
for	IN
that	DT
purpose	NN
.	.
The	DT
purchase	NN
invoices	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
retained	VBN
as	IN
supporting	VBG
documentation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
disbursements	NNS
.	.
A	DT
profit	NN
and	CC
loss	NN
statement	NN
must	MD
be	VB
prepared	VBN
and	CC
made	VBN
available	JJ
for	IN
public	JJ
inspection	NN
for	IN
each	DT
fund	NN
raising	NN
activity	NN
conducted	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
school	NN
that	WDT
shows	VBZ
gross	JJ
proceeds	NNS
,	,
cost	NN
of	IN
goods	NNS
sold	VBN
and	CC
net	JJ
proceeds	NNS
.	.
See	VB
Appendix	NNP
X	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
sample	NN
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
form	NN
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
.	.
Pre-numbered	JJ
tickets	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
at	IN
any	DT
event	NN
where	WRB
an	DT
admission	NN
fee	NN
is	VBZ
charged	VBN
or	CC
a	DT
donation	NN
accepted	VBN
for	IN
admittance	NN
.	.
Whenever	NNP
practical	JJ
,	,
separate	JJ
individuals	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
sell	VB
and	CC
collect	VB
the	DT
tickets	NNS
.	.
As	IN
tickets	NNS
are	VBP
collected	VBN
from	IN
fans	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
torn	VBN
in	IN
half	NN
;	:
one	CD
half	NN
should	MD
be	VB
returned	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
individual	NN
as	IN
a	DT
receipt	NN
and	CC
the	DT
other	JJ
half	NN
should	MD
be	VB
retained	VBN
.	.
A	DT
pre-numbered	JJ
receipt	NN
must	MD
be	VB
issued	VBN
for	IN
all	DT
collections	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
funds	NNS
are	VBP
collected	VBN
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
whether	IN
the	DT
collections	NNS
are	VBP
in	IN
cash	NN
or	CC
by	IN
check	NN
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
all	DT
revenues	NNS
collected	VBN
from	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
parents	NNS
;	:
vending	VBG
machine	NN
,	,
concession	NN
stand	NN
and	CC
cafeteria	NN
sales	NNS
;	:
gate	NN
receipts	NNS
from	IN
competitive	JJ
events	NNS
;	:
proceeds	NNS
from	IN
carnivals	NNS
,	,
book	NN
fairs	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
student	NN
activities	NNS
;	:
fund	NN
drive	NN
collections	NNS
;	:
donations	NNS
;	:
interest	NN
earned	VBN
on	IN
bank	NN
accounts	NNS
;	:
refunds	NNS
from	IN
vendors	NNS
;	:
and	CC
reimbursements	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
central	JJ
board	NN
office	NN
.	.
The	DT
total	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
receipts	NNS
issued	VBN
must	MD
equal	VB
the	DT
total	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
received	VBN
.	.
Receipts	NNPS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
prepared	VBN
in	IN
duplicate	VB
:	:
the	DT
original	JJ
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
individual	NN
from	IN
whom	WP
the	DT
funds	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
moneys	NNS
were	VBD
remitted	VBN
;	:
the	DT
copy	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
retained	VBN
in	IN
numeric	JJ
order	NN
,	,
either	CC
in	IN
the	DT
receipt	NN
book	NN
or	CC
in	IN
a	DT
file	NN
established	VBN
for	IN
this	DT
purpose	NN
.	.
Every	DT
receipt	NN
issued	VBN
must	MD
show	VB
the	DT
following	VBG
information	NN
:	:
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
amount	NN
received	VBD
,	,
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
from	IN
whom	WP
received	VBD
,	,
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
collection	NN
and	CC
the	DT
fund	NN
and	CC
account	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
monies	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
.	.
In	IN
many	JJ
cases	NNS
the	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
remitting	VBG
the	DT
funds	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
office	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
same	JJ
party	NN
from	IN
whom	WP
the	DT
funds	NNS
were	VBD
actually	RB
received	VBN
.	.
Every	DT
receipt	NN
issued	VBN
must	MD
identify	VB
both	DT
the	DT
party	NN
from	IN
whom	WP
the	DT
funds	NNS
were	VBD
originally	RB
received	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
remitting	VBG
the	DT
funds	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
In	IN
situations	NNS
where	WRB
classroom	NN
teachers	NNS
,	,
sponsors	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
individuals	NNS
are	VBP
originally	RB
collecting	VBG
fees	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
for	IN
some	DT
student	NN
activity	NN
,	,
the	DT
collections	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
recorded	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
single	JJ
list	NN
rather	RB
than	IN
issuing	VBG
a	DT
receipt	NN
to	TO
each	DT
student	NN
individually	RB
.	.
The	DT
list	NN
must	MD
reflect	VB
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
name	NN
,	,
amount	NN
being	VBG
collected	VBN
,	,
date	NN
of	IN
collection	NN
,	,
whether	IN
the	DT
collection	NN
was	VBD
by	IN
check	NN
or	CC
cash	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
purpose	NN
for	IN
the	DT
collection	NN
.	.
A	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
list	NN
must	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
or	CC
designee	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
collections	NNS
are	VBP
remitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
support	VB
the	DT
total	JJ
amount	NN
being	VBG
remitted	VBN
.	.
A	DT
sample	NN
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
form	NN
is	VBZ
illustrated	VBN
in	IN
Appendix	NNP
X.	NNP
If	IN
an	DT
error	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
while	IN
preparing	VBG
a	DT
receipt	NN
,	,
void	VB
the	DT
receipt	NN
and	CC
issue	NN
another	DT
one	CD
.	.
To	TO
void	VB
a	DT
receipt	NN
,	,
write	VB
the	DT
word	NN
``	``
VOID	NNP
''	''
across	IN
the	DT
face	NN
of	IN
the	DT
receipt	NN
and	CC
retain	VB
the	DT
original	JJ
along	IN
with	IN
the	DT
copy	NN
in	IN
the	DT
receipt	NN
file	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
not	RB
discard	VB
voided	VBN
receipts	NNS
.	.
All	DT
receipts	NNS
written	VBN
must	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
transaction	NN
journal	NN
in	IN
a	DT
timely	JJ
manner	NN
,	,
but	CC
no	DT
less	JJR
frequently	RB
than	IN
weekly	JJ
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
numeric	JJ
order	NN
,	,
including	VBG
those	DT
that	WDT
were	VBD
voided	VBN
.	.
Receipts	NNPS
should	MD
normally	RB
be	VB
posted	VBN
individually	RB
but	CC
may	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
batch	NN
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
funds	NNS
received	VBN
are	VBP
from	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
source	NN
and	CC
receipted	VBN
on	IN
consecutively	RB
numbered	VBN
receipts	NNS
.	.
The	DT
range	NN
of	IN
receipt	NN
numbers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
batch	NN
must	MD
be	VB
shown	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
receipt	NN
journal	NN
.	.
All	DT
funds	NNS
collected	VBN
must	MD
be	VB
deposited	VBN
intact	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
bank	NN
depository	NN
account	NN
.	.
If	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
bank	NN
account	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
maintained	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
school	NN
,	,
care	NN
must	MD
be	VB
exercised	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
certain	JJ
that	IN
collections	NNS
are	VBP
deposited	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
correct	JJ
bank	NN
account	NN
.	.
No	DT
cash	NN
disbursements	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
made	VBN
from	IN
collections	NNS
and	CC
no	DT
personal	JJ
checks	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
cashed	VBN
.	.
To	TO
minimize	VB
the	DT
risk	NN
of	IN
loss	NN
or	CC
theft	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
that	IN
bank	NN
deposits	NNS
be	VB
made	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
daily	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
A	DT
bank	NN
deposit	NN
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
whenever	WRB
total	JJ
collections	NNS
on	IN
hand	NN
exceed	VBP
$	$
500	CD
or	CC
before	IN
any	DT
extended	JJ
school	NN
holiday	NN
.	.
Bank	NNP
deposits	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
at	IN
least	JJS
weekly	JJ
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
collections	NNS
.	.
If	IN
bank	NN
deposits	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
made	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
daily	JJ
basis	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
bank	NN
deposit	NN
slip	NN
be	VB
prepared	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
daily	JJ
basis	NN
with	IN
the	DT
total	JJ
collections	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
day	NN
sealed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
deposit	NN
envelope	NN
and	CC
placed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
or	CC
otherwise	RB
safeguarded	VBN
until	IN
the	DT
deposit	NN
is	VBZ
actually	RB
delivered	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
bank	NN
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
manner	NN
,	,
daily	JJ
collections	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
easily	RB
reconciled	VBN
to	TO
individual	JJ
bank	NN
deposits	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
bank	NN
statement	NN
.	.
All	DT
checks	NNS
being	VBG
deposited	VBN
must	MD
be	VB
listed	VBN
separately	RB
either	RB
on	IN
the	DT
deposit	NN
slip	NN
or	CC
on	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
schedule	NN
attached	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
deposit	NN
slip	NN
.	.
The	DT
beginning	NN
and	CC
ending	VBG
receipt	NN
numbers	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
deposit	NN
must	MD
be	VB
listed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
deposit	NN
slip	NN
.	.
Non-sufficient	JJ
fund	NN
checks	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
being	VBG
redeposited	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
clearly	RB
identified	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
deposit	NN
slip	NN
or	CC
they	PRP
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
listed	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
deposit	NN
slip	NN
.	.
On	IN
all	DT
such	JJ
redeposits	NNS
,	,
the	DT
original	JJ
receipt	NN
number	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
clearly	RB
written	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
bank	NN
deposit	NN
slip	NN
.	.
At	IN
times	NNS
,	,
checks	NNS
received	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
for	IN
various	JJ
activities	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
returned	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
bank	NN
for	IN
insufficient	JJ
funds	NNS
.	.
Normally	RB
,	,
banks	NNS
allow	VBP
such	JJ
checks	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
redeposited	VBN
at	IN
least	JJS
once	RB
,	,
because	IN
in	IN
many	JJ
cases	NNS
,	,
sufficient	JJ
funds	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
to	TO
pay	VB
the	DT
checks	NNS
upon	IN
redeposit	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
checks	NNS
are	VBP
returned	VBN
for	IN
insufficient	JJ
funds	NNS
a	DT
second	JJ
time	NN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
they	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
worthless	JJ
and	CC
steps	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
to	TO
recover	VB
the	DT
funds	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
an	DT
adjusting	VBG
entry	NN
must	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
transaction	NN
journal	NN
to	TO
reduce	VB
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
recorded	VBN
as	IN
having	VBG
been	VBN
received	VBN
.	.
The	DT
principal	NN
or	CC
designee	NN
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
collecting	VBG
all	DT
worthless	JJ
checks	NNS
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
not	RB
only	RB
recovering	VBG
the	DT
face	NN
value	NN
of	IN
the	DT
check	NN
but	CC
all	DT
bank	NN
fees	NNS
,	,
court	NN
costs	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
charges	NNS
incurred	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
check	NN
.	.
Local	JJ
procedures	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
established	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
guidance	NN
.	.
If	IN
any	DT
checks	NNS
are	VBP
determined	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
uncollectible	JJ
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
file	VB
an	DT
annual	JJ
report	NN
with	IN
the	DT
chief	JJ
school	NN
business	NN
official	JJ
showing	VBG
the	DT
names	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
individuals	NNS
from	IN
whom	WP
the	DT
checks	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
total	JJ
amount	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
collected	VBN
.	.
A	DT
file	NN
should	MD
be	VB
maintained	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
individual	NN
to	TO
show	VB
the	DT
actions	NNS
taken	VBN
.	.
A	DT
purchase	NN
order	NN
system	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
maintained	VBN
at	IN
each	DT
school	NN
whereby	WRB
all	DT
purchases	NNS
of	IN
materials	NNS
,	,
equipment	NN
,	,
supplies	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
are	VBP
made	VBN
through	IN
a	DT
pre-numbered	JJ
purchase	NN
order	NN
approved	VBN
in	IN
writing	VBG
by	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
or	CC
designee	NN
before	IN
the	DT
purchase	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
.	.
Purchase	NN
orders	NNS
,	,
however	RB
,	,
are	VBP
not	RB
required	VBN
for	IN
utilities	NNS
,	,
executed	VBN
contracts	NNS
,	,
maintenance	NN
agreements	NNS
,	,
remittances	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
central	JJ
board	NN
office	NN
,	,
refunds	NNS
,	,
reimbursement	NN
of	IN
travel	NN
expenses	NNS
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
allocation	NN
of	IN
faculty	NN
senate	NN
funds	NNS
to	TO
individual	JJ
teachers	NNS
and	CC
librarians	NNS
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
for	IN
maintaining	VBG
a	DT
purchase	NN
order	NN
system	NN
at	IN
each	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
principal	NN
with	IN
a	DT
means	NN
of	IN
maintaining	VBG
control	NN
over	IN
purchases	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
:	:
maximum	JJ
value	NN
is	VBZ
obtained	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
dollar	NN
spent	VBD
;	:
funds	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
before	IN
the	DT
purchase	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
;	:
and	CC
unauthorized	JJ
purchases	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
made	VBN
.	.
All	DT
moneys	NNS
received	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
school	NN
are	VBP
considered	VBN
quasi-public	JJ
funds	NNS
and	CC
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
expended	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
benefit	NN
of	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
Items	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
quasi-public	JJ
funds	NNS
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
expended	VBN
include	VBP
flowers	NNS
,	,
gifts	NNS
,	,
banquets	NNS
,	,
or	CC
service	NN
awards	NNS
for	IN
school	NN
employees	NNS
.	.
See	VB
Appendix	NNP
X	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
inclusive	JJ
listing	NN
of	IN
unallowable	JJ
expenditures	NNS
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
exception	NN
is	VBZ
if	IN
donations	NNS
are	VBP
received	VBN
from	IN
private	JJ
sources	NNS
specifically	RB
for	IN
service	NN
awards	NNS
or	CC
recognition	NN
banquets	NNS
for	IN
employees	NNS
.	.
Such	JJ
donations	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
accounted	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
account	NN
in	IN
the	DT
General	NNP
Fund	NNP
and	CC
not	RB
co-mingled	JJ
with	IN
other	JJ
school	NN
funds	NNS
.	.
All	DT
disbursements	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
by	IN
check	NN
,	,
except	IN
for	IN
those	DT
from	IN
petty	JJ
cash	NN
.	.
The	DT
check	NN
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
payable	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
individual	JJ
or	CC
vendor	NN
to	TO
whom	WP
the	DT
payment	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
made	VBN
,	,
not	RB
to	TO
another	DT
party	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
subsequently	RB
making	VBG
payment	NN
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
Every	DT
check	NN
and	CC
check	VB
stub	NN
must	MD
be	VB
completely	RB
filled	VBN
out	RP
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
check	NN
is	VBZ
issued	VBN
.	.
To	TO
void	VB
a	DT
check	NN
,	,
write	VB
the	DT
word	NN
``	``
VOID	NNP
''	''
across	IN
the	DT
face	NN
of	IN
the	DT
check	NN
and	CC
check	VB
stub	NN
.	.
Retain	VB
the	DT
voided	VBN
check	NN
and	CC
file	NN
in	IN
numeric	JJ
order	NN
with	IN
all	DT
checks	NNS
paid	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
bank	NN
.	.
Leave	VB
the	DT
check	NN
stub	NN
for	IN
the	DT
voided	VBN
check	NN
in	IN
the	DT
checkbook	NN
.	.
Never	RB
discard	VB
voided	VBN
checks	NNS
or	CC
check	VB
stubs	NNS
.	.
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
required	JJ
signatures	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
either	RB
that	IN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
individual	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
designated	VBN
to	TO
act	VB
in	IN
the	DT
place	NN
of	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
in	IN
his\/her	NN
absence	NN
.	.
The	DT
second	JJ
signature	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
that	IN
of	IN
an	DT
individual	JJ
designated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
or	CC
by	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
disbursement	NN
involves	VBZ
faculty	NN
senate	NN
funds	NNS
.	.
Blank	JJ
checks	NNS
are	VBP
never	RB
to	TO
be	VB
pre-signed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
check	NN
form	NN
must	MD
also	RB
provide	VB
spaces	NNS
for	IN
two	CD
signatures	NNS
.	.
The	DT
memorandum	NN
line	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
signature	NN
line	NN
.	.
Schools	NNP
,	,
however	RB
,	,
may	MD
continue	VB
using	VBG
their	PRP$
current	JJ
stock	NN
of	IN
checks	NNS
until	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
exhausted	VBN
even	RB
if	IN
the	DT
check	NN
forms	NNS
currently	RB
being	VBG
used	VBN
do	VBP
not	RB
contain	VB
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
above	JJ
information	NN
.	.
Schools	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
permitted	VBN
to	TO
expend	VB
any	DT
funds	NNS
unless	IN
an	DT
itemized	VBN
claim	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
invoice	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
payment	NN
is	VBZ
filed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
claimant	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
claim	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
services	NNS
rendered	VBN
,	,
the	DT
invoice	NN
must	MD
identify	VB
the	DT
kind	NN
of	IN
service	NN
,	,
the	DT
date	NN
performed	VBN
,	,
the	DT
person	NN
performing	VBG
the	DT
service	NN
and	CC
the	DT
amount	NN
due	JJ
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
claim	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
materials	NNS
,	,
equipment	NN
or	CC
supplies	NNS
,	,
the	DT
invoice	NN
must	MD
identify	VB
in	IN
detail	NN
the	DT
vendor	NN
,	,
the	DT
items	NNS
provided	VBN
,	,
the	DT
quantity	NN
,	,
the	DT
date	NN
provided	VBN
,	,
to	TO
whom	WP
provided	VBD
and	CC
the	DT
amount	NN
due	JJ
.	.
All	DT
invoices	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
approved	VBN
for	IN
payment	NN
by	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
or	CC
designee	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
payment	NN
being	VBG
made	VBN
.	.
Consequently	RB
,	,
the	DT
practice	NN
of	IN
paying	VBG
for	IN
merchandise	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
delivery	NN
should	MD
be	VB
discouraged	VBN
,	,
if	IN
not	RB
completely	RB
disallowed	VBN
.	.
Schools	NNS
may	MD
reimburse	VB
employees	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
reasonable	JJ
and	CC
necessary	JJ
travel	NN
expenses	NNS
actually	RB
incurred	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
official	JJ
duties	NNS
upon	IN
presentation	NN
of	IN
an	DT
itemized	VBN
statement	NN
signed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
and	CC
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
reimbursements	NNS
,	,
however	RB
,	,
are	VBP
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
policies	NNS
,	,
procedures	NNS
,	,
and	CC
limitations	NNS
prescribed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
Schools	NNS
may	MD
also	RB
pay	VB
all	DT
reasonable	JJ
and	CC
necessary	JJ
travel	NN
expenses	NNS
actually	RB
incurred	VBN
by	IN
students	NNS
on	IN
trips	NNS
authorized	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
or	CC
designee	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
payments	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
supported	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
itemized	VBN
statement	NN
which	WDT
lists	VBZ
the	DT
date	NN
and	CC
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
trip	NN
,	,
the	DT
names	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
and	CC
chaperones	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
trip	NN
and	CC
the	DT
amounts	NNS
paid	VBN
.	.
If	IN
funds	NNS
are	VBP
paid	VBN
to	TO
students	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
pay	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
expenses	NNS
,	,
each	DT
student	NN
's	POS
signature	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
obtained	VBN
as	IN
verification	NN
of	IN
receipt	NN
of	IN
the	DT
funds	NNS
.	.
If	IN
payment	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
directly	RB
to	TO
a	DT
vendor	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
to	TO
a	DT
motel	NN
or	CC
restaurant	NN
,	,
receipts	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
obtained	VBN
to	TO
support	VB
the	DT
disbursement	NN
.	.
Each	DT
travel	NN
statement	NN
must	MD
be	VB
signed	VBN
and	CC
dated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
staff	NN
member	NN
in	IN
charge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
trip	NN
.	.
The	DT
statement	NN
and	CC
all	DT
supporting	VBG
receipts	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
turned	VBN
in	RP
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
or	CC
designee	NN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
upon	IN
return	NN
.	.
See	VB
Appendix	NNP
X	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
sample	NN
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
form	NN
.	.
If	IN
cash	NN
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
trip	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
provided	VBN
by	IN
check	NN
made	VBN
payable	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
staff	NN
member	NN
in	IN
charge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
trip	NN
.	.
Checks	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
made	VBN
payable	JJ
to	TO
cash	NN
and	CC
pre-signed	VBD
blank	JJ
checks	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
allowed	VBN
.	.
Upon	IN
return	NN
from	IN
the	DT
trip	NN
,	,
any	DT
remaining	VBG
cash	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
deposited	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
depository	NN
account	NN
.	.
If	IN
authorized	VBN
by	IN
local	JJ
board	NN
policy	NN
,	,
schools	NNS
may	MD
obtain	VB
credit	NN
cards	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
payment	NN
of	IN
official	JJ
travel	NN
expenses	NNS
.	.
Such	JJ
cards	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
safeguarded	VBN
against	IN
theft	NN
or	CC
unauthorized	JJ
use	NN
.	.
All	DT
payments	NNS
made	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
school	NN
to	TO
an	DT
individual	NN
for	IN
services	NNS
rendered	VBN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
considered	VBN
wages	NNS
and	CC
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
paid	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
normal	JJ
payroll	NN
process	NN
at	IN
the	DT
central	JJ
board	NN
office	NN
,	,
unless	IN
it	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
clearly	RB
shown	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
independent	JJ
contractor	NN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
criteria	NNS
established	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Internal	NNP
Revenue	NNP
Service	NNP
.	.
See	VB
Appendix	NNP
X	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
listing	NN
of	IN
the	DT
criteria	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
making	VBG
such	JJ
determination	NN
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
payment	NN
for	IN
part-time	JJ
or	CC
temporary	JJ
help	NN
for	IN
office	NN
secretaries	NNS
,	,
library	NN
assistants	NNS
,	,
cafeteria	NN
helpers	NNS
,	,
chaperones	NNS
,	,
concession	NN
stand	NN
workers	NNS
,	,
ticket	NN
takers	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
workers	NNS
at	IN
athletic	JJ
events	NNS
,	,
carnivals	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
activities	NNS
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
whether	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
full-time	JJ
employee	NN
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
or	CC
not	RB
.	.
County	NNP
boards	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
establish	VB
by	IN
local	JJ
policy	NN
the	DT
procedures	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
schools	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
for	IN
the	DT
reporting	NN
and	CC
payment	NN
of	IN
wages	NNS
to	TO
all	DT
individuals	NNS
who	WP
perform	VBP
services	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
.	.
For	IN
all	DT
payments	NNS
made	VBD
to	TO
individuals	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
determined	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
independent	JJ
contractors	NNS
,	,
schools	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
report	VB
such	JJ
payments	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
central	JJ
business	NN
office	NN
on	IN
an	DT
annual	JJ
basis	NN
so	IN
that	IN
a	DT
determination	NN
can	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
of	IN
whether	IN
an	DT
IRS	NNP
Form	NN
1099	CD
MISC	NNP
.	.
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
filed	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
.	.
If	IN
authorized	VBN
by	IN
county	NN
board	NN
policy	NN
,	,
schools	NNS
may	MD
establish	VB
a	DT
petty	JJ
cash	NN
drawer	NN
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
purchase	NN
of	IN
incidental	JJ
items	NNS
of	IN
nominal	JJ
value	NN
.	.
The	DT
maximum	NN
amount	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
authorized	VBN
is	VBZ
$	$
50	CD
.	.
The	DT
cash	NN
and	CC
receipts	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
petty	JJ
cash	NN
drawer	NN
must	MD
always	RB
equal	VB
the	DT
amount	NN
established	VBN
.	.
The	DT
petty	JJ
cash	NN
drawer	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
replenished	VBN
periodically	RB
by	IN
a	DT
check	NN
made	VBD
payable	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
for	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
required	VBN
.	.
The	DT
itemized	VBN
receipts	NNS
and\/or	CC
invoices	NNS
obtained	VBD
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
purchases	NNS
made	VBN
from	IN
petty	JJ
cash	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
supporting	VBG
documentation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
check	NN
.	.
If	IN
authorized	VBN
by	IN
county	NN
board	NN
policy	NN
,	,
schools	NNS
may	MD
establish	VB
a	DT
change	NN
drawer	NN
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
starting	VBG
cash	NN
for	IN
athletic	JJ
events	NNS
,	,
concession	NN
stands	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
school	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
maximum	NN
amount	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
authorized	VBN
is	VBZ
$	$
500	CD
.	.
The	DT
cash	NN
in	IN
the	DT
change	NN
drawer	NN
must	MD
equal	VB
the	DT
amount	NN
established	VBN
at	IN
all	DT
times	NNS
.	.
Personal	NNP
checks	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
cashed	VBN
from	IN
starting	VBG
cash	NN
.	.
The	DT
balance	NN
in	IN
the	DT
drawer	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
deposited	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
depository	NN
account	NN
at	IN
times	NNS
when	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
needed	VBN
or	CC
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
each	DT
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
All	DT
checks	NNS
issued	VBN
must	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
timely	JJ
manner	NN
,	,
but	CC
no	DT
less	JJR
frequently	RB
than	IN
weekly	JJ
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
general	JJ
journal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fund	NN
from	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
disbursement	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
made	VBN
.	.
The	DT
checks	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
posted	VBN
individually	RB
to	TO
the	DT
journal	NN
in	IN
numeric	JJ
order	NN
.	.
Checks	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
posted	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
batch	NN
.	.
At	IN
times	NNS
it	PRP
may	MD
become	VB
necessary	JJ
to	TO
stop	VB
payment	NN
on	IN
a	DT
check	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
or	CC
cancel	VB
a	DT
check	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
outstanding	JJ
for	IN
an	DT
extended	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
In	IN
either	DT
situation	NN
,	,
proper	JJ
journal	NN
entries	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
posted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
transaction	NN
journal	NN
to	TO
accurately	RB
reflect	VB
the	DT
account	NN
balances	VBZ
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
check	NN
is	VBZ
canceled	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
it	PRP
was	VBD
issued	VBN
,	,
a	DT
negative	JJ
expenditure	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
posted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
proper	JJ
account	NN
in	IN
the	DT
transaction	NN
journal	NN
to	TO
reduce	VB
total	JJ
expenditures	NNS
recorded	VBN
and	CC
increase	VB
the	DT
cash	NN
balance	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
check	NN
is	VBZ
canceled	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
subsequent	JJ
year	NN
from	IN
when	WRB
it	PRP
was	VBD
issued	VBN
,	,
a	DT
receipt	NN
must	MD
be	VB
written	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
the	DT
canceled	VBN
check	NN
and	CC
posted	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
transaction	NN
journal	NN
to	TO
increase	VB
the	DT
cash	NN
balance	NN
to	TO
the	DT
correct	JJ
amount	NN
.	.
The	DT
receipt	NN
must	MD
indicate	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
written	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
prior	JJ
year	NN
check	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
canceled	VBN
.	.
The	DT
canceled	VBN
check	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
removed	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
outstanding	JJ
check	NN
list	NN
.	.
For	IN
an	DT
effective	JJ
system	NN
of	IN
internal	JJ
accounting	NN
control	NN
,	,
all	DT
bank	NN
statements	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
presented	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
unopened	VBD
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
received	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
mail	NN
.	.
The	DT
principal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
open	VB
the	DT
envelopes	NNS
and	CC
review	VB
the	DT
bank	NN
statements	NNS
and	CC
canceled	VBN
checks	NNS
for	IN
any	DT
possible	JJ
irregularities	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
checks	NNS
made	VBN
payable	JJ
to	TO
cash	VB
or	CC
unauthorized	JJ
individuals	NNS
,	,
checks	NNS
presented	VBN
for	IN
payment	NN
without	IN
the	DT
proper	JJ
signatures	NNS
,	,
or	CC
bank	NN
deposits	NNS
not	RB
made	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
timely	JJ
fashion	NN
.	.
After	IN
this	DT
review	NN
,	,
the	DT
bank	NN
statements	NNS
and	CC
canceled	VBN
checks	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
forwarded	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
individuals	NNS
who	WP
will	MD
be	VB
preparing	VBG
the	DT
bank	NN
reconciliations	NNS
.	.
Every	DT
bank	NN
account	NN
must	MD
be	VB
reconciled	VBN
monthly	JJ
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
after	IN
the	DT
bank	NN
statements	NNS
are	VBP
received	VBN
.	.
See	VB
Appendix	NNP
X	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
sample	NN
bank	NN
reconciliation	NN
form	NN
.	.
Any	DT
differences	NNS
noted	VBD
between	IN
the	DT
balance	NN
reflected	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
checkbook	NN
and	CC
the	DT
bank	NN
statement	NN
must	MD
be	VB
resolved	VBN
immediately	RB
.	.
After	IN
the	DT
bank	NN
reconciliations	NNS
are	VBP
completed	VBN
,	,
the	DT
bank	NN
statements	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
signed	VBN
and	CC
dated	VBN
by	IN
both	DT
the	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
performed	VBD
the	DT
reconciliation	NN
and	CC
the	DT
principal	NN
.	.
All	DT
bank	NN
statements	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
filed	VBN
in	IN
chronological	JJ
order	NN
.	.
Canceled	VBN
checks	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
filed	VBN
either	RB
in	IN
numeric	JJ
order	NN
with	IN
the	DT
monthly	JJ
bank	NN
statements	NNS
or	CC
in	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
canceled	VBN
check	NN
file	NN
in	IN
numeric	JJ
order	NN
by	IN
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
In	IN
situations	NNS
where	WRB
a	DT
bank	NN
is	VBZ
providing	VBG
only	RB
an	DT
image	NN
of	IN
the	DT
canceled	VBN
checks	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
with	IN
the	DT
bank	NN
statements	NNS
rather	RB
than	IN
returning	VBG
the	DT
actual	JJ
canceled	VBN
checks	NNS
,	,
the	DT
bank	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
an	DT
image	NN
of	IN
both	DT
the	DT
front	NN
and	CC
back	NN
of	IN
every	DT
check	NN
.	.
Monthly	JJ
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
prepared	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
fund	NN
maintained	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
school	NN
in	IN
a	DT
timely	JJ
manner	NN
.	.
All	DT
accounts	NNS
maintained	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
within	IN
each	DT
fund	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
listed	VBN
separately	RB
.	.
The	DT
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
signed	VBN
and	CC
dated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
preparer	NN
and	CC
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
.	.
The	DT
principal	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
submit	VB
at	IN
least	JJS
one	CD
signed	VBN
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
fund	NN
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
's	POS
chief	JJ
school	NN
business	NN
official	NN
and	CC
make	VB
one	CD
copy	NN
available	JJ
for	IN
review	NN
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
by	IN
anyone	NN
who	WP
desires	NNS
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
.	.
Multi-county	JJ
vocational	JJ
centers	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
provide	VB
one	CD
signed	VBN
copy	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
monthly	JJ
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
to	TO
their	PRP$
fiscal	JJ
agent	NN
.	.
The	DT
monthly	JJ
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
include	VB
all	DT
financial	JJ
activities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
for	IN
the	DT
month	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
statements	NNS
are	VBP
prepared	VBN
.	.
Annual	JJ
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
prepared	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
fund	NN
maintained	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
school	NN
on	IN
forms	NNS
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
The	DT
annual	JJ
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
prepared	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
basis	NN
of	IN
July	NNP
1	CD
through	IN
June	NNP
30	CD
each	DT
year	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
to	TO
include	VB
all	DT
financial	JJ
activities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
for	IN
the	DT
year	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
prepared	JJ
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
annual	JJ
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
,	,
a	DT
list	NN
must	MD
be	VB
prepared	VBN
of	IN
all	DT
outstanding	JJ
purchase	NN
orders	NNS
at	IN
year	NN
end	NN
,	,
all	DT
invoices	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
paid	VBN
and	CC
all	DT
revenues	NNS
,	,
if	IN
any	DT
,	,
that	WDT
have	VBP
been	VBN
earned	VBN
but	CC
not	RB
received	VBN
.	.
The	DT
principal	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
submit	VB
two	CD
signed	VBD
copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
annual	JJ
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
fund	NN
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
's	POS
chief	JJ
school	NN
business	NN
official	NN
in	IN
a	DT
timely	JJ
manner	NN
and	CC
make	VB
one	CD
copy	NN
available	JJ
for	IN
review	NN
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
by	IN
anyone	NN
who	WP
desires	NNS
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
.	.
Good	JJ
fiscal	JJ
management	NN
dictates	VBZ
that	IN
all	DT
excess	JJ
funds	NNS
be	VB
invested	VBN
to	TO
maximize	VB
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
school	NN
.	.
Each	DT
principal	NN
or	CC
designee	NN
should	MD
closely	RB
monitor	VB
the	DT
available	JJ
cash	NN
balance	NN
of	IN
each	DT
fund	NN
for	IN
investment	NN
possibilities	NNS
.	.
All	DT
invoices	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
reviewed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
receipt	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
consumer	NN
sales	NNS
tax	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
charged	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
purchase	NN
.	.
If	IN
so	RB
,	,
the	DT
vendor	NN
should	MD
be	VB
notified	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
tax	NN
subtracted	VBN
before	IN
payment	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
.	.
In	IN
applying	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
business	NN
registration	NN
certificate	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
that	IN
every	DT
school	NN
in	IN
a	DT
county	NN
use	VBP
the	DT
same	JJ
basic	JJ
Federal	NNP
Employer	NNP
Identification	NNP
Number	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FEIN	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
as	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
,	,
but	CC
request	NN
that	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Tax	NNP
and	CC
Revenue	NNP
assign	VBP
a	DT
different	JJ
three	CD
digit	NN
suffix	NN
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
manner	NN
,	,
each	DT
school	NN
will	MD
not	RB
need	VB
to	TO
apply	VB
for	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
FEIN	NNP
number	NN
simply	RB
to	TO
register	VB
with	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Tax	NNP
and	CC
Revenue	NN
for	IN
a	DT
business	NN
registration	NN
certificate	NN
.	.
County	NNP
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
are	VBP
responsible	JJ
for	IN
ensuring	VBG
that	IN
an	DT
annual	JJ
examination	NN
is	VBZ
conducted	VBN
of	IN
the	DT
financial	JJ
records	NNS
of	IN
every	DT
school	NN
within	IN
the	DT
county	NN
.	.
The	DT
examination	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
include	VB
all	DT
funds	NNS
maintained	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
governing	VBG
boards	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
multi-county	JJ
vocational	JJ
centers	NNS
are	VBP
responsible	JJ
for	IN
ensuring	VBG
that	IN
an	DT
annual	JJ
examination	NN
is	VBZ
conducted	VBN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
activity	NN
accounts	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
multi-county	JJ
vocational	JJ
centers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
examination	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
activity	NN
accounts	NNS
of	IN
multi-county	JJ
vocational	JJ
centers	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
conducted	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
examination	NN
or	CC
it	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
incorporated	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
audit	NN
of	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
revenue	NN
funds	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
multi-county	JJ
vocational	JJ
center	NN
conducted	VBN
under	IN
the	DT
audit	NN
jurisdiction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Tax	NNP
and	CC
Revenue	NN
.	.
A	DT
report	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
issued	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
school	NN
individually	RB
in	IN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
presented	VBN
the	DT
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
fund	NN
maintained	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
and	CC
all	DT
instances	NNS
of	IN
noncompliance	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
reportable	JJ
conditions	NNS
noted	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
examination	NN
.	.
The	DT
examination	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
completed	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
report	NN
issued	VBD
within	IN
twelve	CD
months	NNS
after	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
examination	NN
may	MD
be	VB
conducted	VBN
by	IN
personnel	NNS
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
by	IN
a	DT
certified	JJ
public	JJ
accountant	NN
,	,
or	CC
by	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Tax	NNP
and	CC
Revenue	NNP
,	,
Chief	NNP
Inspector	NNP
Division	NNP
.	.
For	IN
schools	NNS
that	WDT
receive	VBP
a	DT
total	NN
of	IN
$	$
25,000	CD
in	IN
federal	JJ
financial	JJ
assistance	NN
during	IN
a	DT
year	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
schools	NNS
that	WDT
operate	VBP
a	DT
decentralized	JJ
child	NN
nutrition	NN
program	NN
or	CC
administer	VB
student	NN
financial	JJ
assistance	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
the	DT
examination	NN
must	MD
be	VB
conducted	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
generally	RB
accepted	VBN
auditing	NN
standards	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Government	NNP
Auditing	NNP
Standards	NNP
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Comptroller	NNP
General	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Office	NNP
of	IN
Management	NNP
and	CC
Budget	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
OMB	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
Circular	JJ
A-128	NN
,	,
``	``
Audits	NNS
of	IN
State	NN
and	CC
Local	JJ
Governments	NNS
.	.
''	''
For	IN
those	DT
schools	NNS
that	WDT
do	VBP
not	RB
receive	VB
$	$
25,000	CD
in	IN
total	JJ
federal	JJ
financial	JJ
assistance	NN
during	IN
a	DT
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
examination	NN
of	IN
the	DT
financial	JJ
records	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
but	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
have	VB
to	TO
be	VB
conducted	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
audit	NN
standards	NNS
described	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
paragraph	NN
.	.
The	DT
financial	JJ
records	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
examined	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
agreed	VBN
upon	IN
review	NN
procedures	NNS
developed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
procedures	NNS
,	,
however	RB
,	,
must	MD
include	VB
a	DT
review	NN
of	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
manual	NN
and	CC
policies	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
and	CC
a	DT
review	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
internal	JJ
control	NN
structure	NN
.	.
See	VB
Appendix	NNP
X	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
checklist	NN
of	IN
items	NNS
which	WDT
must	MD
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
school	NN
's	POS
annual	JJ
review	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
this	DT
section	NN
.	.
Copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
report	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
superintendent	NN
and	CC
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
.	.
A	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
each	DT
school	NN
's	POS
report	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
kept	VBN
on	IN
file	NN
at	IN
the	DT
central	JJ
board	NN
office	NN
and	CC
made	VBN
available	JJ
for	IN
public	JJ
review	NN
.	.
If	IN
any	DT
reportable	JJ
conditions	NNS
are	VBP
noted	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
report	NN
for	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
school	NN
,	,
the	DT
principal	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
board	NN
with	IN
a	DT
corrective	JJ
action	NN
plan	NN
.	.
All	DT
reportable	JJ
conditions	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
corrected	VBN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
practical	JJ
but	CC
not	RB
later	RB
than	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
after	IN
receipt	NN
of	IN
the	DT
report	NN
.	.
Working	VBG
papers	NNS
supporting	VBG
the	DT
examination	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
prepared	VBN
and	CC
retained	VBN
for	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
years	NNS
.	.
The	DT
working	VBG
papers	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
auditor	NN
conducting	VBG
the	DT
subsequent	JJ
year	NN
's	POS
examination	NN
.	.
All	DT
transaction	NN
journals	NNS
,	,
bank	NN
statements	NNS
,	,
receipt	NN
books	NNS
,	,
checkbooks	NNS
,	,
canceled	VBN
checks	NNS
,	,
invoices	NNS
,	,
purchase	NN
orders	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
related	JJ
records	NNS
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
requested	VBN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
auditor	NN
for	IN
examination	NN
upon	IN
request	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
an	DT
annual	JJ
examination	NN
of	IN
each	DT
school	NN
,	,
periodic	JJ
reviews	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
of	IN
each	DT
school	NN
by	IN
the	DT
chief	JJ
school	NN
business	NN
official	NN
or	CC
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
that	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
staff	NN
to	TO
review	VB
internal	JJ
control	NN
procedures	NNS
,	,
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
transactions	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
posted	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
timely	JJ
fashion	NN
and	CC
to	TO
provide	VB
assistance	NN
during	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
the	DT
year	NN
if	IN
needed	VBN
.	.
All	DT
financial	JJ
records	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
belong	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
and	CC
must	MD
be	VB
delivered	VBN
or	CC
handed	VBN
over	RP
to	TO
the	DT
superintendent	NN
or	CC
designee	NN
upon	IN
request	NN
.	.
The	DT
books	NNS
and	CC
records	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
kept	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
and	CC
safeguarded	VBN
at	IN
all	DT
times	NNS
,	,
unless	IN
directed	VBN
to	TO
do	VB
otherwise	RB
by	IN
the	DT
superintendent	NN
or	CC
designee	NN
.	.
Copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
annual	JJ
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
and	CC
audit	NN
reports	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
retained	VBN
permanently	RB
.	.
The	DT
transaction	NN
journals	NNS
,	,
bank	NN
statements	NNS
,	,
and	CC
canceled	VBD
checks	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
retained	VBN
for	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
five	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
5	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
years	NNS
,	,
or	CC
until	IN
all	DT
instances	NNS
of	IN
noncompliance	NN
are	VBP
resolved	VBN
.	.
All	DT
other	JJ
financial	JJ
records	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
retained	VBN
for	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
years	NNS
.	.
Child	NN
nutrition	NN
funds	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
accounted	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
all	DT
other	JJ
school	NN
funds	NNS
.	.
The	DT
same	JJ
accounting	NN
practices	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
described	VBN
in	IN
Chapter	NN
1	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
pages	NNS
1	CD
through	IN
18	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
manual	NN
for	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
activity	NN
funds	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
followed	VBN
for	IN
child	NN
nutrition	NN
funds	NNS
.	.
As	IN
discussed	VBN
in	IN
Section	NN
1-5	CD
of	IN
the	DT
General	NNP
Fund	NNP
Operations	NNP
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
manual	NN
,	,
each	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
must	MD
establish	VB
by	IN
local	JJ
policy	NN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
the	DT
schools	NNS
within	IN
a	DT
county	NN
are	VBP
authorized	VBN
to	TO
maintain	VB
.	.
In	IN
school	NN
districts	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
centralized	JJ
child	NN
nutrition	NN
program	NN
,	,
the	DT
local	JJ
school	NN
board	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
option	NN
of	IN
allowing	VBG
the	DT
schools	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
county	NN
to	TO
close	VB
the	DT
child	NN
nutrition	NN
fund	NN
and	CC
related	VBN
bank	NN
account	NN
and	CC
record	NN
all	DT
child	NN
nutrition	NN
collections	NNS
and	CC
disbursements	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
sub-account	NN
within	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
general	JJ
fund	NN
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
board	NN
may	MD
require	VB
the	DT
schools	NNS
to	TO
continue	VB
maintaining	VBG
the	DT
child	NN
nutrition	NN
fund	NN
as	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
fund	NN
with	IN
it	PRP
own	JJ
bank	NN
account	NN
.	.
The	DT
transaction	NN
journal	NN
for	IN
each	DT
fund	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
footed	VBN
and	CC
cross-footed	JJ
each	DT
month	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
errors	NNS
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
made	VBN
.	.
The	DT
entries	NNS
in	IN
each	DT
column	NN
are	VBP
added	VBN
to	TO
arrive	VB
at	IN
a	DT
total	NN
and	CC
the	DT
totals	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
column	NN
are	VBP
added	VBN
across	IN
to	TO
arrive	VB
at	IN
the	DT
grand	JJ
total	NN
for	IN
the	DT
month	NN
.	.
If	IN
errors	NNS
are	VBP
found	VBN
to	TO
exist	VB
,	,
they	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
identified	VBN
and	CC
corrected	VBN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
,	,
using	VBG
correcting	VBG
journal	NN
entries	NNS
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
fund	NN
is	VBZ
maintained	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
child	NN
nutrition	NN
fund	NN
,	,
a	DT
separate	JJ
bank	NN
account	NN
must	MD
be	VB
maintained	VBN
.	.
The	DT
bank	NN
account	NN
must	MD
contain	VB
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fund	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
board	NN
's	POS
Federal	NNP
Employer	NNP
Identification	NNP
Number	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FEIN	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
must	MD
have	VB
signature	NN
authority	NN
for	IN
every	DT
bank	NN
account	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
school	NN
funds	NNS
are	VBP
deposited	VBN
,	,
including	VBG
child	NN
nutrition	NN
funds	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
the	DT
chief	JJ
school	NN
business	NN
official	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
must	MD
also	RB
have	VB
signature	NN
authority	NN
on	IN
all	DT
accounts	NNS
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
ensure	VB
that	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
have	VBP
access	NN
to	TO
school	NN
funds	NNS
in	IN
circumstances	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
principal	NN
and	CC
his\/her	NN
designee	NN
,	,
if	IN
applicable	JJ
,	,
are	VBP
absent	JJ
unexpectedly	RB
or	CC
for	IN
an	DT
extended	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
county\/school	NN
utilizes	VBZ
a	DT
method	NN
whereby	WRB
the	DT
collection	NN
of	IN
child	NN
nutrition	NN
funds	NNS
is	VBZ
handled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
all	DT
moneys	NNS
collected	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
child	NN
nutrition	NN
program	NN
must	MD
be	VB
remitted	JJ
daily	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
or	CC
to	TO
the	DT
individual	JJ
designated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
to	TO
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
fund	NN
.	.
The	DT
total	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
money	NN
remitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
principal	NN
or	CC
designee	NN
must	MD
be	VB
reconciled	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
detailed	JJ
records	NNS
that	WDT
support	VBP
the	DT
collections	NNS
.	.
Certain	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
collections	NNS
from	IN
students	NNS
will	MD
require	VB
the	DT
preparation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
detailed	JJ
record	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
listed	VBN
each	DT
student	NN
's	POS
name	NN
and	CC
amount	NN
remitted	VBD
.	.
In	IN
situations	NNS
where	WRB
the	DT
classroom	NN
or	CC
homeroom	NN
teachers	NNS
are	VBP
originally	RB
collecting	VBG
the	DT
funds	NNS
from	IN
their	PRP$
students	NNS
,	,
the	DT
collections	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
recorded	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
single	JJ
list	NN
rather	RB
than	IN
issuing	VBG
a	DT
receipt	NN
to	TO
each	DT
student	NN
individually	RB
.	.
The	DT
list	NN
must	MD
reflect	VB
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
name	NN
,	,
amount	NN
being	VBG
collected	VBN
,	,
date	NN
of	IN
collection	NN
,	,
whether	IN
the	DT
collection	NN
was	VBD
by	IN
check	NN
or	CC
cash	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
purpose	NN
for	IN
the	DT
collection	NN
.	.
A	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
list	NN
must	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
or	CC
designee	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
collections	NNS
are	VBP
remitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
support	VB
the	DT
total	JJ
amount	NN
being	VBG
remitted	VBN
.	.
A	DT
sample	NN
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
form	NN
is	VBZ
illustrated	VBN
in	IN
Appendix	NNP
X.	NNP
The	NNP
list	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
retained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
receipt	NN
file	NN
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
or	CC
designee	NN
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
ensuring	VBG
that	IN
all	DT
unpaid	JJ
child	NN
nutrition	NN
charges	NNS
are	VBP
collected	VBN
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
not	RB
only	RB
recovering	VBG
the	DT
actual	JJ
amount	NN
due	JJ
for	IN
meals	NNS
,	,
but	CC
all	DT
court	NN
costs	VBZ
or	CC
other	JJ
charges	NNS
incurred	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
collection	NN
effort	NN
.	.
Local	JJ
procedures	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
established	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
guidance	NN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
funds	NNS
are	VBP
recovered	VBN
,	,
a	DT
receipt	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
issued	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
total	JJ
amount	NN
recovered	VBD
and	CC
the	DT
total	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
deposited	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
depository	NN
account	NN
.	.
If	IN
accounts	NNS
receivable	NN
are	VBP
determined	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
uncollectible	JJ
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
file	VB
an	DT
annual	JJ
report	NN
with	IN
the	DT
chief	JJ
school	NN
business	NN
official	JJ
showing	VBG
the	DT
names	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
individuals	NNS
from	IN
whom	WP
the	DT
bills	NNS
are	VBP
due	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
total	JJ
amount	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
collected	VBN
.	.
A	DT
file	NN
should	MD
be	VB
maintained	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
individual	NN
to	TO
show	VB
the	DT
actions	NNS
taken	VBN
.	.
At	IN
times	NNS
,	,
checks	NNS
received	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
for	IN
the	DT
child	NN
nutrition	NN
program	NN
may	MD
be	VB
returned	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
bank	NN
for	IN
insufficient	JJ
funds	NNS
.	.
Normally	RB
,	,
banks	NNS
allow	VBP
such	JJ
checks	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
redeposited	VBN
at	IN
least	JJS
once	RB
,	,
because	IN
in	IN
many	JJ
cases	NNS
,	,
sufficient	JJ
funds	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
to	TO
pay	VB
the	DT
checks	NNS
upon	IN
redeposit	NN
.	.
All	DT
moneys	NNS
received	VBD
for	IN
the	DT
child	NN
nutrition	NN
program	NN
may	MD
be	VB
expended	VBN
only	RB
for	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
funds	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
expended	VBN
for	IN
flowers	NNS
,	,
gifts	NNS
,	,
banquets	NNS
,	,
or	CC
service	NN
awards	NNS
for	IN
school	NN
employees	NNS
.	.
All	DT
disbursements	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
child	NN
nutrition	NN
program	NN
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
by	IN
check	NN
.	.
The	DT
check	NN
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
payable	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
individual	JJ
or	CC
vendor	NN
to	TO
whom	WP
the	DT
payment	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
made	VBN
,	,
not	RB
to	TO
another	DT
party	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
subsequently	RB
making	VBG
payment	NN
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
Every	DT
check	NN
and	CC
check	VB
stub	NN
must	MD
be	VB
completely	RB
filled	VBN
out	RP
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
check	NN
is	VBZ
issued	VBN
.	.
Checks	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
made	VBN
payable	JJ
to	TO
cash	NN
.	.
If	IN
starting	VBG
cash	NN
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
for	IN
an	DT
event	NN
from	IN
which	WDT
to	TO
make	VB
change	NN
,	,
the	DT
check	NN
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
payable	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
will	MD
be	VB
cashing	VBG
the	DT
check	NN
for	IN
the	DT
change	NN
.	.
In	IN
situations	NNS
where	WRB
a	DT
bank	NN
is	VBZ
providing	VBG
only	RB
an	DT
image	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
copy	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
canceled	VBN
checks	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
with	IN
the	DT
bank	NN
statements	NNS
rather	RB
than	IN
returning	VBG
the	DT
actual	JJ
canceled	VBN
checks	NNS
,	,
the	DT
bank	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
an	DT
image	NN
of	IN
both	DT
the	DT
front	NN
and	CC
back	NN
of	IN
every	DT
check	NN
.	.
Voided	VBN
checks	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
retained	VBN
and	CC
filed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
correct	JJ
numeric	JJ
sequence	NN
with	IN
the	DT
canceled	VBN
checks	NNS
.	.
Annual	JJ
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
to	TO
be	VB
prepared	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
fund	NN
maintained	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
school	NN
on	IN
forms	NNS
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
The	DT
annual	JJ
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
prepared	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
basis	NN
of	IN
July	NNP
1	CD
through	IN
June	NNP
30	CD
each	DT
year	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
to	TO
include	VB
all	DT
financial	JJ
activities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
for	IN
the	DT
year	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
prepared	JJ
.	.
Faculty	NN
senate	NN
funds	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
accounted	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
all	DT
other	JJ
school	NN
funds	NNS
.	.
The	DT
same	JJ
accounting	NN
practices	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
described	VBN
in	IN
Chapter	NN
1	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
pages	NNS
1	CD
through	IN
18	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
manual	NN
for	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
activity	NN
funds	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
followed	VBN
for	IN
faculty	NN
senate	NN
funds	NNS
.	.
Faculty	NN
senates	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
control	VB
the	DT
funds	NNS
allocated	VBN
to	TO
each	DT
school	NN
from	IN
the	DT
legislative	JJ
appropriations	NNS
of	IN
$	$
200	CD
per	IN
professional	JJ
instructional	JJ
personnel	NNS
or	CC
funds	NNS
donated	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
.	.
County	NNP
boards	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
distribute	VB
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
funds	NNS
received	VBN
from	IN
legislative	JJ
appropriations	NNS
to	TO
each	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
during	IN
the	DT
month	NN
of	IN
September	NNP
each	DT
year	NN
.	.
Of	IN
the	DT
total	JJ
allocation	NN
received	VBN
by	IN
each	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
,	,
$	$
50	CD
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
allocated	VBN
to	TO
each	DT
classroom	NN
teacher	NN
,	,
counselor	NN
and	CC
librarian	NN
for	IN
expenditure	NN
during	IN
the	DT
instructional	JJ
year	NN
for	IN
academic	JJ
materials	NNS
,	,
supplies	NNS
or	CC
equipment	NN
which	WDT
in	IN
the	DT
judgement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
will	MD
assist	VB
him	PRP
or	CC
her	PRP$
in	IN
providing	VBG
instruction	NN
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
expenditures	NNS
for	IN
programs	NNS
and	CC
materials	NNS
that	IN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
opinion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
,	,
enhance	VB
student	NN
behavior	NN
,	,
increase	NN
academic	JJ
achievement	NN
,	,
improve	VB
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
address	VB
the	DT
problems	NNS
of	IN
students-at-risk	NN
.	.
Expenditures	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
made	VBN
only	RB
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
budget	NN
.	.
Revisions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
budget	NN
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
as	IN
frequently	RB
as	RB
necessary	JJ
.	.
Revisions	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
membership	NN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
budget	NN
.	.
As	IN
discussed	VBN
in	IN
Section	NN
1-5	CD
under	IN
the	DT
General	NNP
Fund	NNP
Operations	NNP
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
manual	NN
,	,
each	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
must	MD
establish	VB
by	IN
local	JJ
policy	NN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
the	DT
schools	NNS
within	IN
a	DT
county	NN
are	VBP
authorized	VBN
to	TO
maintain	VB
.	.
The	DT
schools	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
authorized	VBN
to	TO
maintain	VB
a	DT
separate	JJ
fund	NN
for	IN
faculty	NN
senate	NN
funds	NNS
or	CC
they	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
maintain	VB
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
funds	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
account	NN
within	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
general	JJ
fund	NN
.	.
The	DT
bank	NN
account	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
funds	NNS
are	VBP
deposited	VBN
must	MD
contain	VB
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
and	CC
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
's	POS
Federal	NNP
Employer	NNP
Identification	NNP
Number	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FEIN	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Faculty	NN
senates	NNS
funds	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
deposited	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
bank	NN
account	NN
in	IN
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
.	.
Every	DT
bank	NN
account	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
school	NN
funds	NNS
are	VBP
deposited	VBN
must	MD
be	VB
insured	VBN
or	CC
the	DT
bank	NN
must	MD
provide	VB
adequate	JJ
bond	NN
to	TO
cover	VB
the	DT
maximum	NN
amount	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
deposited	VBN
at	IN
any	DT
one	CD
time	NN
.	.
All	DT
funds	NNS
received	VBD
must	MD
be	VB
deposited	VBN
intact	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
bank	NN
depository	NN
account	NN
in	IN
a	DT
timely	JJ
manner	NN
.	.
If	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
bank	NN
account	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
maintained	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
school	NN
,	,
care	NN
must	MD
be	VB
exercised	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
certain	JJ
that	IN
collections	NNS
are	VBP
deposited	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
correct	JJ
bank	NN
account	NN
.	.
Purchase	NN
orders	NNS
,	,
however	RB
,	,
are	VBP
not	RB
required	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
$	$
50	CD
allocation	NN
of	IN
faculty	NN
senate	NN
funds	NNS
to	TO
individual	JJ
teachers	NNS
,	,
counselors	NNS
and	CC
librarians	NNS
.	.
Purchase	NN
orders	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
for	IN
expenditure	NN
of	IN
the	DT
remaining	VBG
faculty	NN
senate	NN
funds	NNS
.	.
If	IN
this	DT
method	NN
is	VBZ
selected	VBN
,	,
recipients	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
instructed	VBN
that	IN
funds	NNS
would	MD
have	VB
to	TO
be	VB
refunded	VBN
:	:
if	IN
the	DT
entire	JJ
amount	NN
were	VBD
not	RB
expended	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
;	:
if	IN
funds	NNS
were	VBD
expended	VBN
for	IN
unauthorized	JJ
purposes	NNS
;	:
or	CC
if	IN
itemized	VBN
receipts	NNS
were	VBD
not	RB
submitted	VBN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
allotted	VBN
to	TO
each	DT
classroom	NN
teacher	NN
,	,
counselor	NN
and	CC
librarian	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
expended	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
instructional	JJ
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
unexpended	JJ
amount	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
returned	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
.	.
This	DT
also	RB
applies	VBZ
if	IN
a	DT
classroom	NN
teacher	NN
,	,
counselor	NN
or	CC
librarian	NN
resigns	NNS
or	CC
transfers	NNS
to	TO
another	DT
school	NN
during	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
Funds	NNS
allocated	VBN
to	TO
classroom	NN
teachers	NNS
,	,
counselors	NNS
or	CC
librarians	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
remain	VB
with	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
the	DT
individual	NN
was	VBD
originally	RB
assigned	VBN
;	:
the	DT
funds	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
transferred	VBN
among	IN
faculty	NN
senates	NNS
.	.
The	DT
$	$
50	CD
allocated	VBN
to	TO
each	DT
classroom	NN
teacher	NN
,	,
counselor	NN
and	CC
librarian	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
expended	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
instructional	JJ
year	NN
for	IN
academic	JJ
materials	NNS
,	,
supplies	NNS
or	CC
equipment	NN
which	WDT
in	IN
the	DT
judgement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
will	MD
assist	VB
him	PRP
or	CC
her	PRP$
in	IN
providing	VBG
instruction	NN
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
expenditures	NNS
for	IN
programs	NNS
and	CC
materials	NNS
that	IN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
opinion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
,	,
enhance	VB
student	NN
behavior	NN
,	,
increase	NN
academic	JJ
achievement	NN
,	,
improve	VB
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
address	VB
the	DT
problems	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
at	IN
risk	NN
.	.
Receipts	NNPS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
submitted	VBN
for	IN
all	DT
purchases	NNS
made	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
an	DT
accounting	NN
of	IN
how	WRB
the	DT
funds	NNS
were	VBD
expended	VBN
.	.
Any	DT
funds	NNS
not	RB
expended	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
revert	VB
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
to	TO
be	VB
expended	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
's	POS
approved	VBN
budget	NN
.	.
The	DT
remainder	NN
of	IN
the	DT
$	$
200	CD
legislative	JJ
appropriation	NN
allocated	VBN
to	TO
each	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
expended	VBN
only	RB
for	IN
academic	JJ
materials	NNS
,	,
supplies	NNS
or	CC
equipment	NN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
a	DT
budget	NN
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
.	.
All	DT
disbursements	NNS
by	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
by	IN
check	NN
.	.
The	DT
check	NN
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
payable	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
individual	JJ
or	CC
vendor	NN
to	TO
whom	WP
the	DT
payment	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
made	VBN
,	,
not	RB
to	TO
another	DT
party	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
subsequently	RB
making	VBG
payment	NN
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
Checks	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
made	VBN
payable	JJ
to	TO
cash	NN
.	.
All	DT
purchase	NN
invoices	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
reviewed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
receipt	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
the	DT
vendor	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
charged	VBN
consumer	NN
sales	NNS
taxes	NNS
.	.
If	IN
so	RB
,	,
the	DT
vendor	NN
should	MD
be	VB
notified	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
tax	NN
subtracted	VBN
before	IN
payment	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
.	.
Athletic	JJ
funds	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
accounted	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
all	DT
other	JJ
school	NN
funds	NNS
.	.
The	DT
same	JJ
accounting	NN
practices	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
described	VBN
in	IN
Chapter	NN
1	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
pages	NNS
1	CD
through	IN
18	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
manual	NN
for	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
activity	NN
funds	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
followed	VBN
for	IN
athletic	JJ
funds	NNS
.	.
The	DT
bank	NN
account	NN
must	MD
contain	VB
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fund	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
's	POS
Federal	NNP
Employer	NNP
Identification	NNP
Number	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FEIN	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Every	DT
bank	NN
account	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
school	NN
funds	NNS
are	VBP
deposited	VBN
must	MD
be	VB
insured	VBN
or	CC
the	DT
bank	NN
must	MD
provide	VB
adequate	JJ
bond	NN
to	TO
cover	VB
the	DT
maximum	NN
amount	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
deposited	VBN
at	IN
any	DT
one	CD
time	NN
.	.
All	DT
checks	NNS
must	MD
have	VB
pre-printed	VBN
on	IN
them	PRP
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fund	NN
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
address	NN
,	,
the	DT
check	NN
number	NN
,	,
and	CC
two	CD
blank	JJ
spaces	NNS
for	IN
signatures	NNS
.	.
Current	JJ
stocks	NNS
of	IN
checks	NNS
,	,
however	RB
,	,
may	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
until	IN
exhausted	VBN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
concession	NN
stands	NNS
are	VBP
operated	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
school	NN
,	,
local	JJ
procedures	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
established	VBN
to	TO
safeguard	VB
the	DT
inventory	NN
of	IN
goods	NNS
sold	VBN
to	TO
protect	VB
against	IN
pilferage	NN
or	CC
unauthorized	JJ
use	NN
and	CC
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
the	DT
sales	NNS
proceeds	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
receipted	VBN
and	CC
deposited	VBN
correctly	RB
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
concession	NN
stands	NNS
are	VBP
operated	VBN
by	IN
booster	NN
organizations	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
clubs	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
in	IN
a	DT
timely	JJ
manner	NN
reports	NNS
which	WDT
reconcile	VBP
sales	NNS
,	,
inventories	NNS
and	CC
profits	NNS
.	.
Such	JJ
reports	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
retained	VBN
on	IN
file	NN
.	.
A	DT
ticket	NN
reconciliation	NN
report	NN
must	MD
be	VB
prepared	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
event	NN
to	TO
reconcile	VB
tickets	NNS
sold	VBN
to	TO
cash	VB
collected	VBN
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
must	MD
show	VB
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
beginning	VBG
cash	NN
balance	NN
;	:
first	JJ
and	CC
last	JJ
numbers	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
type	NN
of	IN
ticket	NN
sold	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
student	NN
,	,
adult	NN
,	,
other	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
total	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
tickets	NNS
sold	VBN
by	IN
type	NN
;	:
price	NN
of	IN
each	DT
type	NN
of	IN
ticket	NN
;	:
total	JJ
sales	NNS
;	:
ending	VBG
cash	NN
balance	NN
;	:
total	JJ
cash	NN
in	IN
cash	NN
box	NN
;	:
and	CC
differences	NNS
,	,
if	IN
any	DT
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
total	JJ
sales	NNS
from	IN
tickets	NNS
sold	VBN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
event	NN
must	MD
be	VB
shown	VBN
.	.
Non-sufficient	JJ
checks	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
being	VBG
redeposited	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
clearly	RB
identified	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
deposit	NN
slip	NN
or	CC
they	PRP
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
listed	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
deposit	NN
slip	NN
.	.
On	IN
all	DT
such	JJ
redeposits	NNS
,	,
the	DT
original	JJ
receipt	NN
number	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
clearly	RB
written	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
bank	NN
deposit	NN
slip	NN
.	.
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
signatures	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
that	IN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
individual	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
designated	VBN
to	TO
act	VB
in	IN
the	DT
place	NN
of	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
in	IN
his\/her	NN
absence	NN
.	.
The	DT
second	JJ
signature	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
that	IN
of	IN
an	DT
individual	JJ
designated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
or	CC
by	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
disbursement	NN
involves	VBZ
faculty	NN
senate	NN
funds	NNS
.	.
Blank	JJ
checks	NNS
are	VBP
never	RB
to	TO
be	VB
pre-signed	VBN
.	.
Schools	NNS
may	MD
reimburse	VB
employees	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
reasonable	JJ
and	CC
necessary	JJ
travel	NN
expenses	NNS
actually	RB
incurred	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
official	JJ
duties	NNS
upon	IN
presentation	NN
of	IN
an	DT
itemized	VBN
statement	NN
signed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
and	CC
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
reimbursements	NNS
,	,
however	RB
,	,
are	VBP
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
policies	NNS
,	,
procedures	NNS
,	,
and	CC
limitations	NNS
prescribed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
that	WDT
enter	VBP
into	IN
an	DT
agreement	NN
to	TO
conduct	VB
tournaments	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
sectionals	NNS
,	,
regionals	NNS
,	,
or	CC
state	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Secondary	JJ
School	NNP
Activities	NNPS
Commission	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
WVSSAC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
to	TO
deposit	VB
all	DT
proceeds	NNS
received	VBD
from	IN
the	DT
tournament	NN
intact	JJ
into	IN
a	DT
school	NN
depository	NN
account	NN
and	CC
pay	VB
all	DT
expenses	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
event	NN
by	IN
check	NN
from	IN
that	DT
account	NN
.	.
A	DT
separate	JJ
sub-account	NN
must	MD
be	VB
established	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
transaction	NN
journal	NN
to	TO
account	VB
for	IN
all	DT
collections	NNS
and	CC
expenditures	NNS
made	VBD
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
tournament	NN
.	.
All	DT
payments	NNS
made	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
school	NN
to	TO
an	DT
individual	NN
for	IN
services	NNS
rendered	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
tournament	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
considered	VBN
wages	NNS
and	CC
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
paid	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
normal	JJ
payroll	NN
process	NN
at	IN
the	DT
central	JJ
board	NN
office	NN
,	,
as	IN
discussed	VBN
in	IN
Section	NN
4-13	CD
,	,
unless	IN
it	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
clearly	RB
shown	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
independent	JJ
contractor	NN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
criteria	NNS
established	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Internal	NNP
Revenue	NNP
Service	NNP
.	.
All	DT
uniforms	NNS
,	,
equipment	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
team	NN
merchandise	NN
purchased	VBN
with	IN
school	NN
funds	NNS
belong	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
An	DT
inventory	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
maintained	VBN
of	IN
all	DT
such	JJ
items	NNS
.	.
Uniforms	NNS
provided	VBD
to	TO
athletes	NNS
and	CC
coaches	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
returned	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
season	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
recognized	VBN
that	IN
parent-teacher	JJ
associations	NNS
,	,
booster	NN
groups	NNS
and	CC
many	JJ
other	JJ
school	NN
support	NN
organizations	NNS
provide	VBP
an	DT
essential	JJ
function	NN
in	IN
the	DT
support	NN
and	CC
funding	NN
of	IN
various	JJ
curricular	JJ
and	CC
extra-curricular	JJ
programs	NNS
offered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
State	NN
.	.
Countless	JJ
hours	NNS
are	VBP
devoted	VBN
by	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
school	NN
supporters	NNS
in	IN
fund	NN
raising	VBG
activities	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
funds	NNS
and	CC
donate	VB
the	DT
uniforms	NNS
and	CC
equipment	NN
necessary	JJ
for	IN
such	JJ
programs	NNS
.	.
Without	IN
this	DT
support	NN
,	,
many	JJ
schools	NNS
would	MD
not	RB
have	VB
the	DT
financial	JJ
resources	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
programs	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
being	VBG
provided	VBN
to	TO
their	PRP$
students	NNS
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
for	IN
these	DT
outside	JJ
organizations	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
effective	JJ
in	IN
their	PRP$
efforts	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
financial	JJ
support	NN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
they	PRP
must	MD
maintain	VB
the	DT
trust	NN
and	CC
support	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
community	NN
.	.
To	TO
do	VB
this	DT
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
that	IN
each	DT
school	NN
and	CC
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
organizations	NNS
that	WDT
support	VBP
the	DT
school	NN
maintain	VBP
an	DT
accurate	JJ
accounting	NN
of	IN
all	DT
funds	NNS
collected	VBN
and	CC
expended	VBN
.	.
County	NNP
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
can	MD
assist	VB
the	DT
school	NN
support	NN
organizations	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
and	CC
maintain	VB
the	DT
trust	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
communities	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
county	NN
by	IN
establishing	VBG
local	JJ
policies	NNS
by	IN
which	WDT
such	JJ
organizations	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
operate	VB
.	.
At	IN
a	DT
minimum	NN
,	,
each	DT
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
require	VB
annual	JJ
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
be	VB
provided	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
group	NN
that	WDT
collects	VBZ
money	NN
in	IN
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
;	:
require	VB
that	IN
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
be	VB
made	VBN
aware	JJ
of	IN
any	DT
fund	NN
raiser	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
being	VBG
made	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
and	CC
approve	VB
such	JJ
fund	NN
raisers	NNS
;	:
and	CC
require	VB
that	IN
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
all	DT
groups	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
collecting	VBG
funds	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
any	DT
school	NN
be	VB
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
board	NN
in	IN
advance	NN
.	.
Every	DT
school	NN
support	NN
organization	NN
should	MD
be	VB
officially	RB
organized	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
set	NN
of	IN
published	VBN
by-laws	NNS
and	CC
be	VB
governed	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
elected	VBN
board	NN
of	IN
directors	NNS
consisting	VBG
of	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
a	DT
president	NN
,	,
a	DT
vice	NN
president	NN
,	,
a	DT
secretary	NN
and	CC
a	DT
treasurer	NN
.	.
A	DT
transaction	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
receipts	NNS
and	CC
disbursements	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
journal	NN
should	MD
be	VB
maintained	VBN
to	TO
record	VB
all	DT
receipts	NNS
and	CC
disbursements	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
posting	VBG
should	MD
include	VB
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
transaction	NN
;	:
receipt	NN
or	CC
check	VB
number	NN
listed	VBN
in	IN
numeric	JJ
order	NN
,	,
name	NN
of	IN
payor	NN
or	CC
payee	NN
;	:
and	CC
individual	JJ
account	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
collection	NN
or	CC
disbursement	NN
was	VBD
made	VBN
.	.
The	DT
transaction	NN
journal	NN
should	MD
be	VB
footed	VBN
and	CC
cross-footed	JJ
each	DT
month	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
errors	NNS
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
made	VBN
.	.
The	DT
entries	NNS
in	IN
each	DT
column	NN
are	VBP
added	VBN
to	TO
arrive	VB
at	IN
a	DT
total	NN
and	CC
the	DT
totals	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
column	NN
are	VBP
added	VBN
across	IN
to	TO
arrive	VB
at	IN
the	DT
grand	JJ
total	NN
for	IN
the	DT
month	NN
.	.
If	IN
errors	NNS
are	VBP
found	VBN
to	TO
exist	VB
,	,
they	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
identified	VBN
and	CC
corrected	VBN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
,	,
using	VBG
correcting	VBG
journal	NN
entries	NNS
.	.
Proper	JJ
accounting	NN
procedures	NNS
dictate	VBP
that	IN
errors	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
written	VBN
over	IN
or	CC
corrected	VBN
with	IN
correcting	VBG
fluid	NN
.	.
The	DT
necessary	JJ
journal	NN
entries	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
and	CC
should	MD
include	VB
a	DT
brief	JJ
explanation	NN
of	IN
why	WRB
the	DT
adjusting	VBG
entries	NNS
were	VBD
made	VBN
.	.
Every	DT
bank	NN
account	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
organization	NN
funds	NNS
are	VBP
deposited	VBN
should	MD
be	VB
insured	VBN
or	CC
the	DT
bank	NN
should	MD
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
adequate	JJ
bond	NN
to	TO
cover	VB
the	DT
maximum	NN
amount	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
deposited	VBN
at	IN
any	DT
one	CD
time	NN
.	.
The	DT
account	NN
should	MD
contain	VB
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
and	CC
the	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
Federal	NNP
Employer	NNP
Identification	NNP
Number	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FEIN	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
bank	NN
signature	NN
cards	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
maintained	VBN
current	JJ
at	IN
all	DT
times	NNS
.	.
Two	CD
signatures	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
required	VBN
on	IN
every	DT
check	NN
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
.	.
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
signatures	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
that	IN
of	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
president	NN
.	.
All	DT
checks	NNS
should	MD
have	VB
pre-printed	VBN
on	IN
them	PRP
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
,	,
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
the	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
address	NN
,	,
the	DT
check	NN
number	NN
and	CC
two	CD
blank	JJ
spaces	NNS
for	IN
signatures	NNS
.	.
Current	JJ
stocks	NNS
of	IN
checks	NNS
,	,
however	RB
,	,
could	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
until	IN
exhausted	VBN
.	.
All	DT
school	NN
support	NN
organizations	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
approved	VBN
,	,
in	IN
advance	NN
,	,
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
conduct	VB
fund	NN
raising	VBG
activities	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
a	DT
county	NN
school	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
the	DT
organization	NN
must	MD
notify	VB
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
each	DT
fund	NN
raising	NN
activity	NN
being	VBG
held	VBN
.	.
Local	JJ
procedures	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
established	VBN
to	TO
regulate	VB
all	DT
fund	NN
raising	VBG
activities	NNS
conducted	VBN
by	IN
school	NN
organizations	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
conducted	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
proper	JJ
manner	NN
.	.
All	DT
proceeds	NNS
from	IN
fund	NN
raisers	NNS
conducted	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
school	NN
organization	NN
should	MD
be	VB
receipted	VBN
and	CC
deposited	VBN
intact	JJ
into	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
depository	NN
accounts	NNS
.	.
Merchandise	NN
purchased	VBD
for	IN
resale	NN
should	MD
be	VB
purchased	VBN
by	IN
checks	NNS
issued	VBN
for	IN
that	DT
purpose	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
all	DT
purchase	NN
invoices	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
retained	VBN
as	IN
documentation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
disbursements	NNS
.	.
A	DT
profit	NN
and	CC
loss	NN
statement	NN
should	MD
be	VB
prepared	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
fund	NN
raising	NN
activity	NN
conducted	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
school	NN
support	NN
organization	NN
that	WDT
shows	VBZ
gross	JJ
proceeds	NNS
,	,
cost	NN
of	IN
goods	NNS
sold	VBN
and	CC
net	JJ
proceeds	NNS
.	.
See	VB
Appendix	NNP
X	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
sample	NN
copy	NN
of	IN
a	DT
fund	NN
raiser	NN
profit	NN
and	CC
loss	NN
statement	NN
.	.
If	IN
activities	NNS
are	VBP
sponsored	VBN
by	IN
school	NN
support	NN
organizations	NNS
on	IN
school	NN
property	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
an	DT
admission	NN
fee	NN
is	VBZ
charged	VBN
or	CC
a	DT
donation	NN
is	VBZ
accepted	VBN
for	IN
admittance	NN
,	,
pre-numbered	JJ
tickets	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
.	.
Whenever	NNP
practical	JJ
,	,
separate	JJ
individuals	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
sell	VB
and	CC
collect	VB
the	DT
tickets	NNS
.	.
A	DT
ticket	NN
reconciliation	NN
report	NN
should	MD
be	VB
prepared	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
event	NN
to	TO
reconcile	VB
tickets	NNS
sold	VBN
to	TO
cash	VB
collected	VBN
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
should	MD
show	VB
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
beginning	VBG
cash	NN
balance	NN
;	:
first	JJ
and	CC
last	JJ
numbers	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
type	NN
of	IN
ticket	NN
sold	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
student	NN
,	,
adult	NN
,	,
other	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
total	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
tickets	NNS
sold	VBN
by	IN
type	NN
;	:
price	NN
of	IN
each	DT
type	NN
of	IN
ticket	NN
;	:
total	JJ
sales	NNS
;	:
ending	VBG
cash	NN
balance	NN
;	:
total	JJ
cash	NN
in	IN
cash	NN
box	NN
;	:
and	CC
differences	NNS
,	,
if	IN
any	DT
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
total	JJ
sales	NNS
from	IN
tickets	NNS
sold	VBN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
event	NN
should	MD
be	VB
shown	VBN
.	.
The	DT
reconciliation	NN
report	NN
should	MD
also	RB
show	VB
the	DT
activity	NN
and	CC
date	NN
,	,
and	CC
should	MD
be	VB
signed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
preparer	NN
and	CC
the	DT
individual	NN
in	IN
charge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
event	NN
.	.
See	VB
Appendix	NNP
X	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
sample	NN
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
form	NN
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
.	.
At	IN
a	DT
minimum	NN
,	,
the	DT
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
should	MD
list	VB
the	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
cash	NN
balance	NN
at	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
the	DT
year	NN
,	,
revenues	NNS
collected	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
year	NN
,	,
expenditures	VBZ
paid	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
year	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
cash	NN
balance	NN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
year	NN
.	.
If	IN
any	DT
sub-accounts	NNS
are	VBP
maintained	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
,	,
they	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
listed	VBN
separately	RB
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
annual	JJ
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
,	,
a	DT
list	NN
should	MD
be	VB
prepared	JJ
which	WDT
lists	VBZ
all	DT
invoices	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
paid	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
year	NN
and	CC
all	DT
revenues	NNS
,	,
if	IN
any	DT
,	,
that	WDT
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
received	VBN
.	.
Private	JJ
nonprofit	JJ
organizations	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
Parent	NNP
Teacher	NN
Associations	NNS
,	,
booster	NN
groups	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
school	NN
support	NN
organizations	NNS
,	,
are	VBP
not	RB
exempt	JJ
from	IN
paying	VBG
the	DT
consumer	NN
sales	NNS
and	CC
use	VB
tax	NN
by	IN
reason	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
nonprofit	JJ
status	NN
alone	RB
,	,
but	CC
must	MD
meet	VB
very	RB
specific	JJ
requirements	NNS
contained	VBN
in	IN
State	NNP
tax	NN
laws	NNS
and	CC
legislative	JJ
regulations	NNS
.	.
See	VB
Appendix	NNP
X	NNP
for	IN
an	DT
explanation	NN
of	IN
these	DT
specific	JJ
requirements	NNS
.	.
Department	NNP
of	IN
Tax	NNP
and	CC
Revenue	NNP
and	CC
have	VB
a	DT
business	NN
registration	NN
certificate	NN
.	.
Each	DT
organization	NN
must	MD
have	VB
its	PRP$
own	JJ
business	NN
registration	NN
certificate	NN
;	:
private	JJ
nonprofit	JJ
organizations	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
registration	NN
number	NN
.	.
Private	JJ
nonprofit	JJ
organizations	NNS
that	WDT
meet	VBP
the	DT
requirements	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
section	NN
for	IN
making	VBG
tax	NN
exempt	JJ
purchases	NNS
may	MD
also	RB
make	VB
casual	JJ
and	CC
occasional	JJ
sales	NNS
for	IN
fund	NN
raising	VBG
purposes	NNS
and	CC
not	RB
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
collect	VB
and	CC
remit	VB
consumer	NN
sales	NNS
tax	NN
on	IN
their	PRP$
sales	NNS
.	.
These	DT
fund	NN
raising	VBG
events	NNS
are	VBP
limited	VBN
to	TO
six	CD
events	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
last	JJ
no	DT
more	JJR
than	IN
eighty-four	CD
consecutive	JJ
hours	NNS
each	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
any	DT
twelve	CD
month	NN
period	NN
.	.
Any	DT
fund	NN
raising	VBG
event	NN
which	WDT
lasts	VBZ
more	JJR
than	IN
eighty-four	CD
hours	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
as	IN
two	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
events	NNS
,	,
depending	VBG
upon	IN
the	DT
duration	NN
of	IN
the	DT
event	NN
.	.
In	IN
applying	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
business	NN
registration	NN
certificate	NN
,	,
each	DT
organization	NN
must	MD
have	VB
its	PRP$
own	JJ
business	NN
registration	NN
certificate	NN
and	CC
identification	NN
number	NN
;	:
private	JJ
nonprofit	JJ
organizations	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
registration	NN
number	NN
.	.
If	IN
any	DT
reportable	JJ
conditions	NNS
are	VBP
noted	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
report	NN
,	,
the	DT
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
board	NN
with	IN
a	DT
corrective	JJ
action	NN
plan	NN
.	.
All	DT
reportable	JJ
conditions	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
corrected	VBN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
practical	JJ
but	CC
not	RB
later	RB
than	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
after	IN
receipt	NN
of	IN
the	DT
report	NN
.	.
All	DT
financial	JJ
records	NNS
,	,
minute	JJ
books	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
documents	NNS
maintained	VBN
by	IN
or	CC
in	IN
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
a	DT
school	NN
organization	NN
belong	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
organization	NN
and	CC
must	MD
be	VB
delivered	VBN
or	CC
handed	VBN
over	RP
to	TO
the	DT
duly	RB
elected	VBN
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
,	,
upon	IN
request	NN
.	.
Copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
annual	JJ
financial	JJ
statements	NNS
and	CC
minute	JJ
books	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
retained	VBN
permanently	RB
.	.
The	DT
transaction	NN
journal	NN
,	,
bank	NN
statements	NNS
,	,
and	CC
canceled	VBD
checks	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
retained	VBN
for	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
five	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
5	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
years	NNS
.	.
All	DT
other	JJ
financial	JJ
records	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
retained	VBN
for	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
years	NNS
.	.
Constitution	NNP
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
responsibility	NN
to	TO
see	VB
that	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
State	NN
are	VBP
thoroughly	RB
,	,
efficiently	RB
and	CC
freely	RB
educated	VBN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
this	DT
responsibility	NN
takes	VBZ
many	JJ
forms	NNS
.	.
Upon	IN
receipt	NN
of	IN
the	DT
recommended	VBN
order	NN
with	IN
findings	NNS
and	CC
conclusions	NNS
from	IN
such	JJ
designee	NN
,	,
the	DT
Superintendent	NNP
shall	MD
review	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
along	IN
with	IN
the	DT
record	NN
and	CC
issue	VB
an	DT
order	NN
adopting	VBG
the	DT
findings	NNS
,	,
conclusions	NNS
,	,
and\/or	CC
recommendations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
designee	NN
;	:
rejecting	VBG
the	DT
findings	NNS
,	,
conclusions	NNS
and\/or	CC
recommendations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
designee	NN
;	:
or	CC
remanding	VBG
the	DT
matter	NN
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
designee	NN
with	IN
instructions	NNS
for	IN
further	JJ
evidence	NN
or	CC
findings	NNS
,	,
conclusions	NNS
and\/or	CC
recommendations	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
case	NN
is	VBZ
heard	VBN
directly	RB
by	IN
the	DT
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Superintendent	NNP
shall	MD
issue	VB
both	DT
a	DT
written	VBN
decision	NN
,	,
which	WDT
shall	MD
set	VB
forth	RB
findings	NNS
of	IN
fact	NN
and	CC
conclusions	NNS
of	IN
law	NN
,	,
and	CC
an	DT
appropriate	JJ
order	NN
.	.
Said	NNP
orders	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
filed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
office	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Superintendent	NNP
and	CC
copies	NNS
thereof	RB
shall	MD
be	VB
served	VBN
or	CC
mailed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
parties	NNS
of	IN
record	NN
affected	VBN
thereby	RB
or	CC
their	PRP$
attorneys	NNS
of	IN
record	NN
within	IN
thirty	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
30	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
following	VBG
the	DT
Superintendent	NNP
's	POS
receipt	NN
of	IN
any	DT
recommendation	NN
from	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
designee	NN
or	CC
within	IN
thirty	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
30	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
following	VBG
the	DT
hearing	NN
when	WRB
heard	VBN
directly	RB
by	IN
the	DT
Superintendent	NNP
.	.
LEP	NNP
students	NNS
,	,
like	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
population	NN
,	,
are	VBP
a	DT
diverse	JJ
group	NN
.	.
Their	PRP$
abilities	NNS
range	VBP
on	IN
a	DT
continuum	NN
from	IN
being	VBG
gifted	JJ
to	TO
having	VBG
special	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
LEP	NNP
students	NNS
range	VBP
from	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
high	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
proficiency	NN
in	IN
all	DT
skill	NN
areas	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
native	JJ
language	NN
to	TO
being	VBG
illiterate	JJ
or	CC
minimally	RB
literate	JJ
.	.
Some	DT
LEP	NNP
students	NNS
have	VBP
had	VBN
prior	RB
formal	JJ
schooling	NN
outside	IN
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
in	IN
their	PRP$
native	JJ
language	NN
while	IN
others	NNS
have	VBP
had	VBN
limited	VBN
formal	JJ
schooling	NN
.	.
English	NNP
Language	NNP
Proficiency	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ELP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
Standards	NNPS
are	VBP
distinct	JJ
because	IN
they	PRP
explicitly	RB
focus	VB
on	IN
the	DT
learning	VBG
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
LEP	NNP
students	NNS
from	IN
pre-kindergarten	NN
through	IN
twelfth	NN
grade	NN
who	WP
come	VBP
from	IN
widely	RB
diverse	JJ
cultural	JJ
,	,
linguistic	JJ
,	,
and	CC
educational	JJ
backgrounds	NNS
and	CC
are	VBP
at	IN
different	JJ
stages	NNS
of	IN
English	JJ
language	NN
acquisition	NN
.	.
The	DT
cultural	JJ
component	NN
is	VBZ
embedded	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
standards	NNS
,	,
in	IN
that	DT
it	PRP
is	VBZ
impossible	JJ
to	TO
isolate	VB
discreet	JJ
cultural	JJ
elements	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
teaching	NN
of	IN
language	NN
.	.
Unlike	IN
other	JJ
content	JJ
standards	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
take	VBP
into	IN
account	NN
the	DT
critical	JJ
role	NN
of	IN
language	NN
learning	NN
in	IN
the	DT
achievement	NN
of	IN
content	NN
and	CC
specially	RB
focus	VB
on	IN
the	DT
learning	VBG
styles	NNS
and	CC
instructional	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
LEP	NNP
students	NNS
.	.
ELP	NNP
Standards	NNPS
represent	VBP
a	DT
bridge	NN
for	IN
LEP	NNP
students	NNS
to	TO
gain	VB
access	NN
to	TO
content	JJ
instruction	NN
in	IN
English	NNP
.	.
The	DT
ELP	NNP
Standards	NNPS
are	VBP
not	RB
content	JJ
standards	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
their	PRP$
intent	NN
to	TO
describe	VB
what	WP
students	NNS
should	MD
know	VB
and	CC
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
do	VB
.	.
Instead	RB
,	,
they	PRP
gauge	VBP
the	DT
degree	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
the	DT
content	NN
standards	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
attained	VBN
.	.
These	DT
performance	NN
standards	NNS
represent	VBP
the	DT
degrees	NNS
of	IN
proficiency	NN
in	IN
the	DT
English	NNP
language	NN
that	WDT
an	DT
LEP	NNP
student	NN
will	MD
master	VB
upon	IN
completion	NN
of	IN
each	DT
level	NN
.	.
Objectives	NNS
are	VBP
incremental	JJ
steps	NNS
toward	IN
proficiency	NN
of	IN
the	DT
standards	NNS
.	.
Objectives	NNS
are	VBP
listed	VBN
by	IN
proficiency	NN
level	NN
.	.
Although	IN
the	DT
objectives	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
developed	VBN
separately	RB
for	IN
each	DT
standard	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Oral	JJ
,	,
Reading	VBG
,	,
Writing	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
they	PRP
are	VBP
integrated	VBN
in	IN
classroom	NN
instruction	NN
.	.
Some	DT
objectives	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
developmentally	RB
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
lower	JJR
grade	NN
levels	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
kindergarten	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
In	IN
these	DT
instances	NNS
,	,
the	DT
objectives	NNS
are	VBP
marked	VBN
FCS	NNP
.	.
FCS	NNP
signifies	VBZ
that	IN
students	NNS
should	MD
follow	VB
the	DT
Content	NNP
Standards	NNP
for	IN
Reading	VBG
and	CC
English	JJ
Language	NN
Arts	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
guideline	NN
,	,
implementing	VBG
the	DT
ELP	NNP
standard	NN
when	WRB
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
their	PRP$
grade	NN
level	NN
.	.
The	DT
goal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
English	NNP
Language	NNP
Proficiency	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ELP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
Standards	NNPS
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
foundation	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
enable	VB
LEP	NNP
students	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
successful	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
English	NNP
Content	NNP
Standards	NNPS
and	CC
across	IN
the	DT
curriculum	NN
.	.
This	DT
foundation	NN
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
because	IN
LEP	NNP
students	NNS
are	VBP
learning	VBG
English	NNP
as	IN
another	DT
language	NN
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
guidance	NN
for	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
district	NN
ELP	NNP
curricula	NN
,	,
the	DT
selection	NN
of	IN
instructional	JJ
materials	NNS
,	,
the	DT
evaluation	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
'	POS
learning	NN
,	,
and	CC
inservice	NN
and	CC
preservice	NN
professional	JJ
development	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Teachers	NNPS
at	IN
local	JJ
schools	NNS
are	VBP
responsible	JJ
for	IN
developing	VBG
a	DT
scope	NN
and	CC
sequence	NN
and	CC
for	IN
selecting	VBG
the	DT
specific	JJ
content	NN
and	CC
learning	VBG
activities	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
lead	VB
students	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
high	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
language	NN
proficiency	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
imperative	JJ
,	,
therefore	RB
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
material	NN
presented	VBN
at	IN
each	DT
proficiency	NN
level	NN
is	VBZ
controlled	VBN
for	IN
both	DT
age	NN
and	CC
proficiency	NN
level	NN
in	IN
English	NNP
.	.
Proficiency	NN
in	IN
listening	VBG
,	,
speaking	VBG
,	,
reading	VBG
,	,
and	CC
writing	VBG
as	IN
outlined	VBN
in	IN
these	DT
standards	NNS
will	MD
allow	VB
LEP	NNP
students	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
successful	JJ
transition	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
requirement	NN
of	IN
Policy	NNP
2520.1	CD
.	.
A	DT
concerted	JJ
effort	NN
should	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
relate	VB
required	JJ
reading	NN
selections	NNS
to	TO
other	JJ
core	NN
subjects	NNS
including	VBG
mathematics	NNS
,	,
science	NN
,	,
and	CC
history	NN
and	CC
social	JJ
science	NN
.	.
LEP	NNP
students	NNS
enter	VBP
schools	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
skills	NNS
and	CC
abilities	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
native	JJ
language	NN
and\/or	CC
English	JJ
that	IN
determine	VB
the	DT
rate	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
acquire	VBP
proficiency	NN
in	IN
the	DT
English	NNP
language	NN
.	.
Research	NNP
indicates	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
take	VB
five	CD
to	TO
seven	CD
years	NNS
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
average	NN
,	,
for	IN
a	DT
student	NN
to	TO
become	VB
fully	RB
proficient	JJ
in	IN
English	NNP
.	.
The	DT
goal	NN
for	IN
the	DT
education	NN
of	IN
LEP	NNP
students	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
intensive	JJ
instruction	NN
so	IN
that	IN
LEP	NNP
students	NNS
can	MD
develop	VB
English	NNP
proficiency	NN
as	RB
quickly	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
reach	VB
full	JJ
educational	JJ
parity	NN
with	IN
their	PRP$
peers	NNS
.	.
ELP	NNP
.	.
S.	NNP
1	CD
.	.
Oral	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
Listening\/Speaking	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
:	:
Students	NNS
completing	VBG
proficiency	NN
level	NN
1	CD
can	MD
comprehend	VB
simple	JJ
statements	NNS
and	CC
questions	NNS
with	IN
additional	JJ
visuals	NNS
and	CC
gestures	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
limited	JJ
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
idea	NN
of	IN
basic	JJ
messages	NNS
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
students	NNS
at	IN
proficiency	NN
level	NN
1	CD
can	MD
comprehend	VB
some	DT
limited	JJ
face-to-face	JJ
conversations	NNS
.	.
ELP	NNP
.	.
S.	NNP
2	CD
.	.
Reading	VBG
:	:
Students	NNS
completing	VBG
proficiency	NN
level	NN
1	CD
are	VBP
beginning	VBG
to	TO
understand	VB
some	DT
basic	JJ
material	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
at	IN
proficiency	NN
level	NN
1	CD
rely	VBP
on	IN
visual	JJ
cues	NNS
and	CC
prior	RB
knowledge	NN
or	CC
experience	NN
with	IN
the	DT
topic	NN
.	.
Comprehension	NN
is	VBZ
limited	VBN
to	TO
simple	JJ
phrases	NNS
containing	VBG
high	JJ
frequency	NN
vocabulary	NN
.	.
ELP	NNP
.	.
S.	NNP
3	CD
.	.
Writing	VBG
:	:
Students	NNS
completing	VBG
proficiency	NN
level	NN
1	CD
are	VBP
beginning	VBG
to	TO
express	VB
basic	JJ
personal	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
copy	VB
from	IN
a	DT
model	NN
simple	JJ
English	JJ
letters	NNS
and	CC
words	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
beginning	VBG
to	TO
use	VB
prewriting	JJ
strategies	NNS
and	CC
available	JJ
technology	NN
.	.
ELP	NNP
.	.
S.	NNP
1	CD
.	.
Oral	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
Listening\/Speaking	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
:	:
Students	NNS
completing	VBG
proficiency	NN
level	NN
2	CD
can	MD
comprehend	VB
simple	JJ
statements	NNS
and	CC
questions	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
understand	VB
the	DT
general	JJ
idea	NN
of	IN
basic	JJ
messages	NNS
and	CC
conversations	NNS
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
students	NNS
at	IN
proficiency	NN
level	NN
2	CD
will	MD
comprehend	VB
language	NN
consisting	VBG
of	IN
basic	JJ
vocabulary	NN
and	CC
grammatical	JJ
structures	NNS
in	IN
face-to-face	JJ
conversations	NNS
.	.
Students	NNS
at	IN
proficiency	NN
level	NN
2	CD
will	MD
initiate	VB
and	CC
respond	VB
to	TO
basic	JJ
statements	NNS
and	CC
engage	VB
in	IN
basic	JJ
face-to-face	JJ
conversations	NNS
with	IN
more	JJR
fluent	JJ
speakers	NNS
.	.
ELP	NNP
.	.
S.	NNP
2	CD
.	.
Reading	VBG
:	:
Students	NNS
completing	VBG
proficiency	NN
level	NN
2	CD
can	MD
understand	VB
basic	JJ
material	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
understand	VB
the	DT
general	JJ
message	NN
of	IN
basic	JJ
reading	NN
passages	NNS
that	WDT
contain	VBP
simple	JJ
language	NN
structures	NNS
and	CC
syntax	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
at	IN
proficiency	NN
level	NN
2	CD
rely	VBP
on	IN
visual	JJ
cues	NNS
and	CC
prior	RB
knowledge	NN
or	CC
experience	NN
with	IN
the	DT
topic	NN
.	.
Comprehension	NN
is	VBZ
limited	VBN
to	TO
simple	JJ
language	NN
containing	VBG
high	JJ
frequency	NN
vocabulary	NN
and	CC
predictable	JJ
grammatical	JJ
patterns	NNS
.	.
Students	NNS
at	IN
proficiency	NN
level	NN
2	CD
are	VBP
beginning	VBG
to	TO
use	VB
reading	NN
strategies	NNS
to	TO
guess	VB
the	DT
meaning	NN
of	IN
unfamiliar	JJ
words	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
pictures	NNS
,	,
diagrams	NNS
,	,
cognates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
text	NN
context	NN
.	.
ELP	NNP
.	.
S.	NNP
3	CD
.	.
Writing	VBG
:	:
Students	NNS
completing	VBG
proficiency	NN
level	NN
2	CD
can	MD
express	VB
basic	JJ
personal	JJ
needs	NNS
and	CC
compose	VB
short	JJ
passages	NNS
on	IN
familiar	JJ
topics	NNS
.	.
Basic	JJ
vocabulary	NN
and	CC
structures	NNS
in	IN
simple	JJ
sentences	NNS
and	CC
phrases	NNS
are	VBP
characteristic	JJ
of	IN
student	NN
writing	VBG
at	IN
this	DT
level	NN
.	.
Errors	NNS
in	IN
spelling	NN
and	CC
grammar	NN
are	VBP
frequent	JJ
and	CC
characteristic	JJ
of	IN
language	NN
production	NN
at	IN
this	DT
stage	NN
.	.
ELP	NNP
.	.
S.	NNP
1	CD
.	.
Oral	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
Listening\/Speaking	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
:	:
Upon	IN
completion	NN
of	IN
proficiency	NN
level	NN
3	CD
,	,
students	NNS
can	MD
comprehend	VB
short	JJ
conversations	NNS
on	IN
simple	JJ
topics	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
understand	VB
frequently	RB
used	VBN
verb	NN
tenses	NNS
and	CC
word-order	NN
patterns	NNS
in	IN
simple	JJ
sentences	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
demonstrate	VBP
a	DT
detailed	JJ
understanding	NN
of	IN
short	JJ
conversations	NNS
and	CC
messages	NNS
but	CC
only	RB
have	VBP
a	DT
general	JJ
understanding	NN
of	IN
longer	JJR
conversations	NNS
and	CC
messages	NNS
.	.
Students	NNS
at	IN
proficiency	NN
level	NN
3	CD
can	MD
initiate	VB
and	CC
sustain	VB
a	DT
conversation	NN
although	IN
they	PRP
often	RB
speak	VBP
with	IN
hesitation	NN
and	CC
rely	VB
on	IN
known	VBN
vocabulary	NN
.	.
They	PRP
typically	RB
use	VBP
the	DT
more	JJR
common	JJ
verb	NN
tense	JJ
forms	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
present	JJ
,	,
past	JJ
,	,
and	CC
future	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
but	CC
make	VBP
numerous	JJ
errors	NNS
in	IN
tense	JJ
formation	NN
and	CC
proper	JJ
selection	NN
of	IN
verbs	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
express	VB
some	DT
details	NNS
and	CC
nuances	NNS
by	IN
using	VBG
appropriate	JJ
modifiers	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
use	VB
word	NN
order	NN
accurately	RB
in	IN
simple	JJ
sentences	NNS
,	,
but	CC
make	VBP
errors	NNS
when	WRB
using	VBG
complex	JJ
patterns	NNS
.	.
Extended	JJ
communication	NN
is	VBZ
typically	RB
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
short	JJ
,	,
familiar	JJ
structures	NNS
.	.
Students	NNS
at	IN
proficiency	NN
level	NN
3	CD
often	RB
have	VBP
to	TO
repeat	VB
themselves	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
understood	VBN
.	.
They	PRP
rely	VBP
on	IN
familiar	JJ
structures	NNS
and	CC
utterances	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
use	VBP
repetition	NN
,	,
gestures	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
nonverbal	JJ
cues	NNS
to	TO
sustain	VB
conversation	NN
.	.
ELP	NNP
.	.
S.	NNP
2	CD
.	.
Reading	VBG
:	:
Students	NNS
completing	VBG
proficiency	NN
level	NN
3	CD
can	MD
understand	VB
basic	JJ
narrative	NN
text	NN
and	CC
authentic	JJ
materials	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
use	VB
contextual	JJ
and	CC
visual	JJ
cues	NNS
to	TO
derive	VB
meaning	NN
from	IN
texts	NNS
that	WDT
contain	VBP
unfamiliar	JJ
words	NNS
,	,
expressions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
structures	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
comprehend	VB
passages	NNS
written	VBN
in	IN
basic	JJ
sentence	NN
patterns	NNS
,	,
but	CC
frequently	RB
have	VBP
to	TO
guess	VB
at	IN
the	DT
meanings	NNS
of	IN
more	JJR
complex	JJ
materials	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
begin	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
informed	JJ
guesses	NNS
about	IN
meaning	VBG
from	IN
context	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
begin	VB
to	TO
identify	VB
the	DT
main	JJ
idea	NN
and	CC
supporting	VBG
details	NNS
of	IN
passages	NNS
.	.
ELP	NNP
.	.
S.	NNP
3	CD
.	.
Writing	VBG
:	:
Students	NNS
completing	VBG
proficiency	NN
level	NN
3	CD
can	MD
write	VB
simple	JJ
notes	NNS
,	,
make	VBP
brief	JJ
journal	NN
entries	NNS
,	,
and	CC
write	VB
short	JJ
reports	NNS
using	VBG
basic	JJ
vocabulary	NN
and	CC
common	JJ
language	NN
structures	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
express	VB
ideas	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
present	JJ
,	,
future	JJ
,	,
and	CC
past	JJ
tenses	NNS
.	.
Frequent	JJ
errors	NNS
are	VBP
characteristic	JJ
of	IN
this	DT
level	NN
especially	RB
when	WRB
the	DT
students	NNS
try	VBP
to	TO
express	VB
thoughts	NNS
that	WDT
require	VBP
more	JJR
complex	JJ
language	NN
structures	NNS
.	.
ELP	NNP
.	.
S.	NNP
1	CD
.	.
Oral	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
Listening\/Speaking	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
:	:
Students	NNS
completing	VBG
proficiency	NN
level	NN
4	CD
can	MD
understand	VB
standard	JJ
speech	NN
delivered	VBN
in	IN
most	JJS
settings	NNS
with	IN
some	DT
repetition	NN
and	CC
rewording	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
understand	VB
the	DT
main	JJ
ideas	NNS
and	CC
relevant	JJ
details	NNS
of	IN
extended	JJ
discussions	NNS
or	CC
presentations	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
draw	VBP
on	IN
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
language	NN
forms	NNS
,	,
vocabulary	NN
,	,
idioms	NNS
,	,
and	CC
structures	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
comprehend	VB
many	JJ
subtle	JJ
nuances	NNS
with	IN
repetition	NN
and\/or	CC
rephrasing	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
at	IN
proficiency	NN
level	NN
4	CD
are	VBP
beginning	VBG
to	TO
detect	VB
affective	JJ
undertones	NNS
and	CC
they	PRP
understand	VBP
inferences	NNS
in	IN
spoken	VBN
language	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
communicate	VB
orally	RB
in	IN
most	JJS
situations	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
difficulty	NN
producing	VBG
complex	JJ
sentence	NN
structure	NN
,	,
using	VBG
verb	NN
tenses	NNS
correctly	RB
,	,
and	CC
discussing	VBG
academic	JJ
topics	NNS
in-depth	JJ
without	IN
prior	RB
preparation	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
engage	VB
in	IN
extended	JJ
conversations	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
broad	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
topics	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
have	VBP
mastered	VBN
basic	JJ
sentence	NN
structure	NN
and	CC
verb	NN
tenses	NNS
.	.
ELP	NNP
.	.
S.	NNP
2	CD
.	.
Reading	VBG
:	:
Students	NNS
completing	VBG
proficiency	NN
level	NN
4	CD
can	MD
comprehend	VB
the	DT
content	NN
of	IN
many	JJ
texts	NNS
independently	RB
.	.
They	PRP
still	RB
require	VBP
support	NN
in	IN
understanding	VBG
texts	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
academic	JJ
content	NN
areas	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
high	JJ
degree	NN
of	IN
success	NN
with	IN
factual	JJ
information	NN
in	IN
non-technical	JJ
prose	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
read	VB
many	JJ
literature	NN
selections	NNS
for	IN
pleasure	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
separate	VB
main	JJ
ideas	NNS
from	IN
supporting	VBG
ones	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
begin	VB
to	TO
analyze	VB
reading	NN
passages	NNS
written	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
level	NN
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
public	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
use	VB
the	DT
context	NN
of	IN
a	DT
passage	NN
and	CC
prior	RB
knowledge	NN
to	TO
increase	VB
their	PRP$
comprehension	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
detect	VB
the	DT
overall	JJ
tone	NN
and	CC
intent	NN
of	IN
text	NN
.	.
ELP	NNP
.	.
S.	NNP
3	CD
.	.
Writing	VBG
:	:
Students	NNS
completing	VBG
proficiency	NN
level	NN
4	CD
can	MD
write	VB
multi-paragraph	JJ
compositions	NNS
,	,
journal	NN
entries	NNS
,	,
personal	JJ
and	CC
business	NN
letters	NNS
,	,
and	CC
creative	JJ
passages	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
present	VB
their	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
organized	VBN
manner	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
easily	RB
understood	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
reader	NN
.	.
They	PRP
show	VBP
good	JJ
control	NN
of	IN
English	NNP
word	NN
structure	NN
and	CC
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
frequently	RB
used	VBN
grammatical	JJ
structures	NNS
,	,
but	CC
errors	NNS
are	VBP
still	RB
present	JJ
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
express	VB
complex	JJ
ideas	NNS
and	CC
use	VB
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
vocabulary	NN
,	,
idioms	NNS
,	,
and	CC
structures	NNS
including	VBG
the	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
verb	NN
tenses	NNS
.	.
ELP	NNP
.	.
S.	NNP
1	CD
.	.
Oral	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
Listening\/Speaking	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
:	:
Students	NNS
completing	VBG
proficiency	NN
level	NN
5	CD
can	MD
understand	VB
most	RBS
standard	JJ
speech	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
understand	VB
and	CC
identify	VB
the	DT
main	JJ
ideas	NNS
and	CC
relevant	JJ
details	NNS
of	IN
discussions	NNS
or	CC
presentations	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
topics	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
unfamiliar	JJ
ones	NNS
.	.
Proficiency	NN
level	NN
5	CD
students	NNS
are	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
understand	VB
the	DT
nuances	NNS
in	IN
meaning	VBG
represented	VBN
by	IN
variations	NNS
in	IN
stress	NN
,	,
intonation	NN
,	,
pace	NN
,	,
and	CC
rhythm	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
engage	VB
in	IN
most	JJS
communicative	JJ
situations	NNS
with	IN
minimal	JJ
errors	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
high	JJ
degree	NN
of	IN
fluency	NN
and	CC
accuracy	NN
when	WRB
speaking	VBG
although	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
make	VB
errors	NNS
with	IN
some	DT
language	NN
forms	NNS
that	WDT
do	VBP
not	RB
interfere	VB
with	IN
meaning	NN
and	CC
lack	VBP
the	DT
content	JJ
area	NN
vocabulary	NN
possessed	VBN
by	IN
their	PRP$
native	JJ
English-speaking	JJ
peers	NNS
.	.
ELP	NNP
.	.
S.	NNP
2	CD
.	.
Reading	VBG
:	:
Upon	IN
completion	NN
of	IN
proficiency	NN
level	NN
5	CD
,	,
students	NNS
understand	VBP
and	CC
obtain	VBP
meaning	NN
from	IN
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
texts	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
use	VBP
the	DT
same	JJ
reading	NN
strategies	NNS
as	IN
their	PRP$
native	JJ
English-speaking	JJ
peers	NNS
to	TO
derive	VB
meaning	NN
from	IN
text	NN
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
approaching	VBG
grade-level	JJ
mastery	NN
of	IN
the	DT
language	NN
structures	NNS
and	CC
vocabulary	NN
necessary	JJ
for	IN
understanding	VBG
academic	JJ
content	NN
subject	JJ
area	NN
texts	NNS
.	.
\*	SYM
All	DT
reading	VBG
objectives	NNS
at	IN
this	DT
level	NN
should	MD
FCS	NNP
.	.
ELP	NNP
.	.
S.	NNP
3	CD
.	.
Writing	VBG
:	:
Upon	IN
completion	NN
of	IN
proficiency	NN
level	NN
5	CD
,	,
students	NNS
are	VBP
approaching	VBG
fluency	NN
in	IN
writing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
content	JJ
areas	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
language	NN
structures	NNS
and	CC
content	JJ
vocabulary	NN
required	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
academic	JJ
subject	JJ
although	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
make	VB
errors	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
begin	VBP
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
subtleties	NNS
of	IN
written	VBN
language	NN
and	CC
can	MD
write	VB
for	IN
different	JJ
audiences	NNS
and	CC
purposes	NNS
.	.
\*	SYM
All	DT
writing	VBG
objectives	NNS
at	IN
this	DT
level	NN
should	MD
FCS	NNP
.	.
Assistance	NN
Team	NNP
,	,
shall	MD
develop	VB
a	DT
student	NN
's	POS
written	VBN
plan	NN
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
academic	JJ
courses	NNS
and	CC
behavioral	JJ
components	NNS
,	,
criteria	NNS
for	IN
re-entry	NN
to	TO
the	DT
regular	JJ
school	NN
program	NN
and	CC
provisions	NNS
for	IN
periodic	JJ
review	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
progress	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
on	IN
an	DT
annual	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
The	DT
team	NN
for	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
the	DT
IEP	NNP
team	NN
and	CC
the	DT
written	VBN
plan	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
the	DT
IEP	NNP
.	.
The	DT
employing	VBG
county	NN
superintendent	NN
must	MD
verify	VB
that	IN
the	DT
applicant	NN
possesses	VBZ
the	DT
competencies	NNS
identified	VBN
in	IN
Section	NN
6.1.9	CD
.	.
a.	IN
The	DT
Temporary	JJ
Authorization	NN
may	MD
be	VB
renewed	VBN
each	DT
year	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
applicant	NN
's	POS
continued	VBN
employment	NN
in	IN
an	DT
alternative	JJ
education	NN
program	NN
.	.
Public	NNP
Law	NNP
105-17	CD
,	,
herein	RB
after	IN
referred	VBN
to	TO
as	IN
IDEA	NNP
97	CD
,	,
requires	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
State	NN
set	VBN
forth	RB
policies	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
to	TO
assure	VB
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
goal	NN
of	IN
providing	VBG
full	JJ
educational	JJ
opportunity	NN
to	TO
all	DT
students	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
between	IN
birth	NN
and	CC
21	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
age	NN
.	.
The	DT
State	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
affirms	VBZ
the	DT
goal	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
full	JJ
educational	JJ
opportunities	NNS
by	IN
2010	CD
for	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
,	,
aged	VBN
birth	NN
through	IN
21	CD
,	,
residing	VBG
within	IN
its	PRP$
jurisdiction	NN
.	.
The	DT
state	NN
works	VBZ
toward	IN
the	DT
realization	NN
of	IN
this	DT
goal	NN
through	IN
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
,	,
and	CC
compliance	NN
with	IN
,	,
IDEA	NNP
97	CD
,	,
and	CC
any	DT
subsequent	JJ
reauthorization	NN
,	,
state	NN
regulations	NNS
and	CC
policies	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Continuous	NNP
Improvement	NNP
and	CC
Focused	NNP
Monitoring	NN
System	NNP
.	.
Rights	NNP
under	IN
these	DT
regulations	NNS
cease	VBP
to	TO
apply	VB
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
student	NN
turns	VBZ
21	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
age	NN
,	,
that	WDT
is	VBZ
,	,
the	DT
year	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
21	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
age	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
September	NNP
1	CD
unless	IN
the	DT
student	NN
has	VBZ
met	VBN
graduation	NN
requirements	NNS
as	IN
specified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Individualized	NNP
Education	NNP
Program	NNP
and	CC
within	IN
the	DT
state\/local	JJ
policy	NN
pertaining	VBG
to	TO
graduation	NN
requirements	NNS
.	.
Committee	NNP
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
referred	VBN
student	NN
meets	VBZ
the	DT
eligibility	NN
criteria	NNS
in	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
designated	VBN
exceptionalities	NNS
;	:
and	CC
2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
by	IN
reason	NN
thereof	RB
,	,
needs	VBZ
special	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
related	JJ
services	NNS
.	.
Specific	JJ
methods	NNS
for	IN
conducting	VBG
these	DT
activities	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
stated	VBN
in	IN
each	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
's	POS
policies	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
.	.
A.	NN
Deaf-blindness	NNP
is	VBZ
concomitant	JJ
hearing	NN
and	CC
visual	JJ
impairments	NNS
the	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
causes	VBZ
such	JJ
severe	JJ
communication	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
developmental	JJ
and	CC
educational	JJ
needs	NNS
that	IN
these	DT
impairments	NNS
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
accommodated	VBN
by	IN
special	JJ
education	NN
services	NNS
solely	RB
for	IN
the	DT
deaf	JJ
or	CC
hard	JJ
of	IN
hearing	NN
,	,
or	CC
for	IN
the	DT
blind	JJ
or	CC
partially	RB
sighted	VBD
student	NN
.	.
A.	NN
Deafness	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
hearing	NN
impairments	NNS
are	VBP
auditory	JJ
acuity	NN
deficits	NNS
that	WDT
delay	VBP
or	CC
inhibit	VBP
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
speech	NN
and\/or	CC
language	NN
skills	NNS
and	CC
adversely	RB
affect	VB
developmental	JJ
and	CC
educational	JJ
performance	NN
.	.
A.	NN
Giftedness	NNP
is	VBZ
exceptional	JJ
intellectual	JJ
abilities	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
evidence	NN
of	IN
outstanding	JJ
capability	NN
and	CC
require	VB
specially	RB
designed	VBN
instruction	NN
and\/or	CC
services	NNS
beyond	IN
those	DT
normally	RB
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
regular	JJ
school	NN
program	NN
.	.
A.	NN
Mental	NNP
impairments	NNS
are	VBP
substantial	JJ
limitations	NNS
in	IN
present	JJ
functioning	VBG
characterized	VBN
by	IN
significantly	RB
subaverage	JJ
intellectual	JJ
functioning	NN
existing	VBG
concurrently	RB
with	IN
related	JJ
limitations	NNS
in	IN
two	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
of	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
applicable	JJ
adaptive	JJ
skill	NN
areas	NNS
:	:
communication	NN
,	,
self-care	NN
,	,
home	NN
living	NN
,	,
social	JJ
skills	NNS
,	,
community	NN
use	NN
,	,
self-direction	NN
,	,
health	NN
and	CC
safety	NN
,	,
functional	JJ
academics	NNS
,	,
leisure	NN
,	,
and	CC
work	NN
.	.
Mental	NNP
impairments	NNS
manifest	JJ
before	IN
age	NN
18	CD
.	.
A.	NN
Orthopedic	NNP
impairments	NNS
are	VBP
severe	JJ
physical	JJ
conditions	NNS
which	WDT
adversely	RB
affect	VBP
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
educational	JJ
performance	NN
.	.
The	DT
term	NN
includes	VBZ
:	:
disabilities	NNS
caused	VBN
by	IN
congenital	JJ
anomaly	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
spina	NN
bifida	NN
,	,
congenital	JJ
amputation	NN
,	,
and	CC
osteogensis	NN
imperfecta	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
disabilities	NNS
caused	VBN
by	IN
disease	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
osyeomyelitis	NN
,	,
poliomyelitis	NN
,	,
arthritis	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
disabilities	NNS
from	IN
other	JJ
causes	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
amputation	NN
,	,
cerebral	JJ
palsy	NN
,	,
dystrophies	NNS
and	CC
atrophies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
conditions	NNS
which	WDT
cause	VBP
contracture	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
A.	NN
Other	JJ
health	NN
impairments	NNS
are	VBP
disabilities	NNS
of	IN
limited	JJ
strength	NN
,	,
vitality	NN
,	,
or	CC
alertness	NN
that	WDT
adversely	RB
affect	VBP
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
educational	JJ
performance	NN
including	VBG
a	DT
heightened	VBN
alertness	NN
to	TO
environmental	JJ
stimuli	NNS
that	WDT
results	VBZ
in	IN
limited	JJ
alertness	NN
with	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
the	DT
educational	JJ
environment	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	DT
is	VBZ
due	JJ
to	TO
chronic	JJ
or	CC
acute	JJ
health	NN
problems	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
asthma	NN
,	,
attention	NN
deficit	NN
disorder	NN
or	CC
attention	NN
deficit	NN
hyperactivity	NN
disorder	NN
,	,
cancer	NN
,	,
diabetes	NN
,	,
epilepsy	NN
,	,
heart	NN
condition	NN
,	,
hemophilia	NN
,	,
lead	NN
poisoning	NN
,	,
nephritis	NN
,	,
rheumatic	JJ
fever	NN
or	CC
sickle	NN
cell	NN
anemia	NN
.	.
A.	NN
Preschool	NNP
special	JJ
needs	NNS
are	VBP
developmental	JJ
delays	NNS
in	IN
two	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
more	JJR
of	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
areas	NNS
:	:
cognition	NN
,	,
fine	JJ
motor	NN
,	,
gross	JJ
motor	NN
,	,
communication	NN
,	,
social\/emotional\/affective	JJ
development	NN
,	,
self-help	NN
that	WDT
are	VBP
manifested	VBN
in	IN
children	NNS
ages	NNS
3-5	CD
.	.
A.	NN
A	NNP
speech\/language	JJ
impairment	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
communication	NN
disorder	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
stuttering	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
fluency	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
a	DT
language	NN
impairment	NN
,	,
impaired	VBN
articulation	NN
,	,
or	CC
voice	NN
impairment	NN
that	WDT
adversely	RB
affects	VBZ
a	DT
student	NN
's	POS
educational	JJ
performance	NN
.	.
A.	NN
Traumatic	NNP
brain	NN
injury	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
acquired	VBN
injury	NN
to	TO
the	DT
brain	NN
caused	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
external	JJ
physical	JJ
force	NN
,	,
resulting	VBG
in	IN
total	JJ
or	CC
partial	JJ
functional	JJ
disability	NN
or	CC
psychosocial	JJ
impairment	NN
,	,
or	CC
both	DT
,	,
that	IN
adversely	RB
affects	VBZ
a	DT
student	NN
's	POS
educational	JJ
performance	NN
.	.
The	DT
term	NN
applies	VBZ
to	TO
open	VB
or	CC
closed	VBD
head	NN
injuries	NNS
resulting	VBG
in	IN
impairments	NNS
in	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
areas	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
cognition	NN
,	,
language	NN
,	,
memory	NN
,	,
attention	NN
,	,
reasoning	NN
,	,
abstract	JJ
thinking	NN
,	,
judgment	NN
,	,
problem-solving	JJ
,	,
sensory\/perceptual\/motor	JJ
abilities	NNS
,	,
psychosocial	JJ
behavior	NN
,	,
physical	JJ
functions	NNS
,	,
information	NN
processing	NN
,	,
and	CC
speech	NN
.	.
The	DT
term	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
apply	VB
to	TO
brain	NN
injuries	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
congenital	JJ
or	CC
degenerative	JJ
,	,
or	CC
brain	NN
injuries	NNS
induced	VBN
by	IN
birth	NN
trauma	NN
.	.
B.	NNP
for	IN
each	DT
student	NN
with	IN
a	DT
disability	NN
beginning	NN
at	IN
age	NN
16	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
younger	JJR
,	,
if	IN
determined	VBN
appropriate	JJ
by	IN
the	DT
IEP	NNP
team	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
updated	VBN
annually	RB
,	,
a	DT
statement	NN
of	IN
needed	VBN
transition	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
student	NN
,	,
including	VBG
,	,
if	IN
appropriate	JJ
,	,
a	DT
statement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
interagency	NN
responsibilities	NNS
or	CC
any	DT
needed	VBN
linkages	NNS
.	.
D.	NNP
Nothing	NN
in	IN
this	DT
part	NN
relieves	VBZ
any	DT
participating	VBG
agency	NN
,	,
including	VBG
a	DT
State	NN
vocational	JJ
rehabilitation	NN
agency	NN
,	,
of	IN
the	DT
responsibility	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
or	CC
pay	VB
for	IN
any	DT
transition	NN
service	NN
that	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
would	MD
otherwise	RB
provide	VB
to	TO
students	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
who	WP
meet	VBP
the	DT
eligibility	NN
criteria	NNS
of	IN
that	DT
agency	NN
.	.
B.	NNP
Regular	JJ
Education	NN
:	:
Part-Time	JJ
-	:
wherein	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
specially	RB
designed	VBN
instruction	NN
and	CC
related	JJ
services	NNS
are	VBP
delivered	VBN
outside	IN
regular	JJ
education	NN
classes	NNS
or	CC
integrated	VBN
community	NN
settings	NNS
for	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
21	CD
%	NN
but	CC
no	DT
more	JJR
than	IN
60	CD
%	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
day	NN
.	.
D.	NNP
Special	JJ
Education	NN
:	:
Special	JJ
School	NNP
-	:
wherein	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
specially	RB
designed	VBN
instruction	NN
and	CC
related	JJ
services	NNS
are	VBP
delivered	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
school	NN
that	WDT
serves	VBZ
only	RB
exceptional	JJ
students	NNS
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
50	CD
%	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
school	NN
day	NN
.	.
F.	NNP
Special	JJ
Education	NN
:	:
Residential	NNP
Facility	NNP
-	:
wherein	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
specially	RB
designed	VBN
instruction	NN
and	CC
related	JJ
services	NNS
are	VBP
delivered	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
facility	NN
which	WDT
provides	VBZ
twenty-four	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
24	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
hour	NN
care	NN
and	CC
supervision	NN
.	.
D.	NNP
Reverse	VB
Mainstream	NNP
Setting	NNP
-	:
wherein	NN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
related	JJ
services	NNS
are	VBP
delivered	VBN
in	IN
educational	JJ
programs	NNS
designed	VBN
primarily	RB
for	IN
children	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
but	CC
that	DT
include	VBP
50	CD
percent	NN
or	CC
more	JJR
children	NNS
without	IN
disabilities	NNS
.	.
F.	NNP
Itinerant	NNP
Service	NNP
Outside	IN
the	DT
Home	NN
-	:
wherein	IN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
related	JJ
services	NNS
are	VBP
delivered	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
school	NN
,	,
hospital	NN
facility	NN
on	IN
an	DT
outpatient	NN
basis	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
location	NN
for	IN
a	DT
short	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
These	DT
services	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
individually	RB
or	CC
to	TO
a	DT
small	JJ
group	NN
of	IN
children	NNS
.	.
This	DT
may	MD
include	VB
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
:	:
speech	NN
instruction	NN
up	IN
to	TO
3	CD
hours	NNS
per	IN
week	NN
in	IN
a	DT
school	NN
,	,
hospital	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
community-based	JJ
setting	NN
.	.
F.	NNP
The	NNP
public	JJ
agency	NN
shall	MD
annually	RB
inform	VB
parents	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
availability	NN
of	IN
ESY	NNP
services	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
procedures	NNS
and	CC
criteria	NNS
for	IN
determining	VBG
a	DT
student	NN
's	POS
need	NN
for	IN
ESY	NNP
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
of	IN
their	PRP$
right	NN
to	TO
refuse	VB
ESY	NNP
services	NNS
.	.
B.	NNP
for	IN
students	NNS
aged	VBN
3	CD
through	IN
5	CD
,	,
an	DT
amount	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
the	DT
same	JJ
proportion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
education	NN
agency	NN
's	POS
total	JJ
subgrant	NN
under	IN
section	NN
619	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
g	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
as	IN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
private	JJ
school	NN
children	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
aged	VBN
3	CD
through	IN
5	CD
residing	VBG
in	IN
its	PRP$
jurisdiction	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
total	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
children	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
in	IN
its	PRP$
jurisdiction	NN
aged	VBN
3	CD
through	IN
5	CD
.	.
C.	NNP
if	IN
the	DT
student	NN
already	RB
has	VBZ
a	DT
behavior	NN
intervention	NN
plan	NN
,	,
convene	VBP
an	DT
IEP	NNP
meeting	NN
to	TO
review	VB
the	DT
plan	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
implementation	NN
,	,
and	CC
modify	VB
the	DT
plan	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
implementation	NN
as	RB
necessary	JJ
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
removal	NN
behavior	NN
.	.
B.	NNP
the	DT
removals	NNS
are	VBP
administered	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
series	NN
that	WDT
constitutes	VBZ
a	DT
pattern	NN
because	IN
they	PRP
accumulate	VBP
to	TO
more	JJR
than	IN
10	CD
school	NN
days	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
school	NN
year	NN
,	,
and	CC
because	IN
of	IN
factors	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
length	NN
of	IN
each	DT
removal	NN
,	,
the	DT
total	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
time	NN
the	DT
student	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
removed	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
proximity	NN
of	IN
removals	NNS
to	TO
one	CD
another	DT
.	.
A.	NN
if	IN
a	DT
parent	NN
challenges	VBZ
an	DT
IAES	NNP
placement	NN
decision	NN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
remains	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
IAES	NNP
pending	VBG
the	DT
hearing	NN
decision	NN
or	CC
until	IN
the	DT
expiration	NN
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
period	NN
for	IN
the	DT
placement	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
up	IN
to	TO
45	CD
days	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
whichever	WDT
comes	VBZ
first	RB
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
parent	NN
and	CC
public	JJ
agency	NN
agree	VBP
otherwise	RB
.	.
B.	NNP
if	IN
the	DT
parent	NN
challenges	VBZ
a	DT
manifestation	NN
determination	NN
or	CC
change	NN
of	IN
placement	NN
decision	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
other	JJ
than	IN
an	DT
IAES	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
a	DT
case	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
student	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
removed	VBN
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
10	CD
school	NN
days	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
time	NN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
returns	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
10	CD
school	NN
day	NN
removal	NN
to	TO
the	DT
prior	JJ
to	TO
removal	NN
placement	NN
,	,
pending	VBG
the	DT
hearing	NN
decision	NN
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
parent	NN
and	CC
public	JJ
agency	NN
agree	VBP
otherwise	RB
.	.
C.	NNP
if	IN
a	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
placed	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
IAES	NNP
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
section	NN
7.1.4	CD
.	.
a.	NN
or	CC
7.1.6	CD
.	.
a.	NNP
and	CC
school	NN
personnel	NNS
propose	VBP
to	TO
change	VB
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
placement	NN
after	IN
the	DT
expiration	NN
of	IN
the	DT
interim	JJ
alternative	NN
placement	NN
,	,
during	IN
the	DT
pendency	NN
of	IN
any	DT
proceeding	NN
to	TO
challenge	VB
the	DT
proposed	VBN
change	NN
in	IN
placement	NN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
must	MD
remain	VB
in	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
placement	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
placement	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
IAES	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
except	IN
as	IN
provided	VBN
in	IN
section	NN
7.1.5	CD
.	.
H.	NNP
The	NNP
student	NN
is	VBZ
evaluated	VBN
in	IN
all	DT
areas	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
suspected	VBN
exceptionality	NN
,	,
including	VBG
,	,
if	IN
appropriate	JJ
,	,
health	NN
,	,
vision	NN
,	,
hearing	NN
,	,
social	JJ
and	CC
emotional	JJ
status	NN
,	,
adaptive	JJ
skills	NNS
,	,
general	JJ
intelligence	NN
,	,
academic	JJ
performance	NN
,	,
communicative	JJ
status	NN
,	,
and	CC
motor	NN
abilities	NNS
.	.
G.	NNP
if	IN
mediation	NN
fails	VBZ
to	TO
produce	VB
an	DT
agreement	NN
,	,
or	CC
if	IN
either	DT
party	NN
requests	NNS
termination	NN
of	IN
the	DT
mediation	NN
process	NN
,	,
the	DT
mediator	NN
shall	MD
issue	VB
a	DT
statement	NN
to	TO
the	DT
parties	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
that	IN
the	DT
process	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
terminated	VBN
.	.
A.	NN
Except	IN
as	IN
provided	VBN
in	IN
procedures	NNS
for	IN
placement	NN
in	IN
an	DT
interim	JJ
alternative	NN
education	NN
setting	VBG
for	IN
up	RB
to	TO
45	CD
days	NNS
,	,
during	IN
the	DT
pendency	NN
of	IN
any	DT
administrative	JJ
or	CC
judicial	JJ
proceedings	NNS
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
and	CC
the	DT
parents	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
agree	VBP
otherwise	RB
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
must	MD
remain	VB
in	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
present	JJ
educational	JJ
placement	NN
.	.
B.	NNP
If	IN
the	DT
issue	NN
subject	NN
to	TO
any	DT
administrative	JJ
or	CC
judicial	JJ
proceeding	NN
involves	VBZ
an	DT
application	NN
for	IN
initial	JJ
admission	NN
to	TO
public	JJ
school	NN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
consent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
parents	NNS
,	,
must	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
program	NN
until	IN
the	DT
completion	NN
of	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
proceedings	NNS
.	.
C.	NNP
If	IN
the	DT
decision	NN
of	IN
a	DT
hearing	NN
officer	NN
in	IN
a	DT
due	JJ
process	NN
hearing	NN
agrees	VBZ
with	IN
the	DT
parents	NNS
that	IN
a	DT
change	NN
of	IN
placement	NN
is	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
,	,
that	IN
placement	NN
must	MD
be	VB
treated	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
agreement	NN
between	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
and	CC
the	DT
parents	NNS
for	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
determining	VBG
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
current	JJ
placement	NN
during	IN
the	DT
pendency	NN
of	IN
subsequent	JJ
appeals	NNS
.	.
G.	NNP
administer	VB
education	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
programs	NNS
providing	VBG
special	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
related	JJ
services	NNS
for	IN
exceptional	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
's	POS
correctional	JJ
institutions	NNS
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
applicable	JJ
state	NN
and	CC
federal	JJ
laws	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
local	JJ
education	NN
agency	NN
or	CC
State	NN
agency	NN
may	MD
then	RB
claim	VB
reimbursement	NN
for	IN
the	DT
services	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
noneducational	JJ
public	JJ
agency	NN
that	WDT
failed	VBD
to	TO
provide	VB
or	CC
pay	VB
for	IN
these	DT
services	NNS
and	CC
that	IN
agency	NN
shall	MD
reimburse	VB
the	DT
local	JJ
education	NN
agency	NN
or	CC
State	NN
agency	NN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
terms	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
interagency	NN
agreement	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
mechanism	NN
described	VBN
in	IN
paragraph	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
section	NN
.	.
CC	NNP
.	.
provide	VB
for	IN
the	DT
participation	NN
of	IN
private	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
with	IN
exceptionalities	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
program	NN
assisted	VBN
or	CC
carried	VBN
out	RP
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
consistent	JJ
with	IN
their	PRP$
number	NN
and	CC
location	NN
in	IN
the	DT
State	NN
,	,
by	IN
providing	VBG
them	PRP
with	IN
special	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
related	JJ
services	NNS
and	CC
ensure	VB
that	IN
a	DT
services	NNS
plan	NN
is	VBZ
developed	VBN
and	CC
implemented	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
private	JJ
school	NN
student	NN
with	IN
an	DT
exceptionality	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
designated	VBN
to	TO
receive	VB
special	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
related	JJ
services	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
Part	NNP
B	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
IDEA	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
require	VB
any	DT
agency	NN
,	,
teacher	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
person	NN
be	VB
held	VBN
accountable	JJ
if	IN
a	DT
student	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
achieve	VB
the	DT
growth	NN
projected	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
annual	JJ
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
.	.
These	DT
regulations	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
relieve	VB
agencies	NNS
and	CC
teachers	NNS
from	IN
making	VBG
good	JJ
faith	NN
efforts	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
the	DT
student	NN
in	IN
achieving	VBG
the	DT
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
listed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
IEP	NNP
,	,
or	CC
limit	VB
the	DT
parents	NNS
'	POS
right	NN
to	TO
complain	VB
and	CC
ask	VB
for	IN
revisions	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
program	NN
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
invoke	VB
due	JJ
process	NN
procedures	NNS
,	,
if	IN
a	DT
parent	NN
feels	VBZ
these	DT
efforts	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
being	VBG
made	VBN
.	.
B.	NNP
inform	VBP
the	DT
parents	NNS
that	IN
their	PRP$
refusal	NN
to	TO
permit	VB
the	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
to	TO
access	VB
their	PRP$
private	JJ
insurance	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
relieve	VB
the	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
responsibility	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
all	DT
required	VBN
services	NNS
are	VBP
provided	VBN
at	IN
no	DT
cost	NN
to	TO
the	DT
parents	NNS
.	.
Z.	NNP
establish	VB
policies	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
which	WDT
include	VBP
a	DT
practical	JJ
method	NN
for	IN
determining	VBG
which	WDT
students	NNS
are	VBP
receiving	VBG
needed	VBN
special	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
related	JJ
services	NNS
and	CC
which	WDT
students	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
currently	RB
receiving	VBG
special	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
related	JJ
services	NNS
.	.
Specific	JJ
examples	NNS
include	VBP
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
comprehend	VB
and\/or	CC
receive	VB
a	DT
request	NN
,	,
an	DT
emotion	NN
,	,
a	DT
greeting	VBG
,	,
a	DT
comment	NN
,	,
a	DT
protest	NN
,	,
or	CC
rejection	NN
.	.
Higher	JJR
level	NN
skills	NNS
of	IN
communication	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
writing	VBG
a	DT
letter	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
would	MD
also	RB
relate	VB
to	TO
functional	JJ
academics	NNS
.	.
Nothing	NN
in	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
shall	MD
prevent	VB
any	DT
person	NN
from	IN
reporting	VBG
harassment	NN
or	CC
violence	NN
directly	RB
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
,	,
RESA	NNP
executive	NN
director	NN
or	CC
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
,	,
as	IN
appropriate	JJ
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Human	NNP
Rights	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
a	DT
law	NN
enforcement	NN
agency	NN
.	.
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
to	TO
include	VB
:	:
reported	VBN
and	CC
substantiated	VBN
incidences	NNS
of	IN
harassment	NN
and\/or	CC
violence	NN
;	:
action	NN
taken	VBN
in	IN
response	NN
to	TO
incidents	NNS
;	:
training	NN
and	CC
staff	NN
development	NN
offered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
agencies	NNS
;	:
and	CC
agency	NN
reported	VBD
numbers	NNS
and	CC
types	NNS
of	IN
multicultural	JJ
education	NN
offerings	NNS
.	.
Effective	JJ
January	NNP
1	CD
,	,
1989	CD
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
fifty-five	JJ
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
will	MD
include	VB
AIDS	NNP
prevention	NN
education	NN
in	IN
subject	JJ
areas	NNS
where	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
such	JJ
as	IN
health	NN
,	,
science	NN
,	,
developmental	JJ
guidance	NN
,	,
and	CC
social	JJ
studies	NNS
.	.
The	DT
goal	NN
of	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
assist	VB
in	IN
the	DT
protection	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
by	IN
providing	VBG
them	PRP
with	IN
the	DT
knowledge	NN
and	CC
skills	NNS
necessary	JJ
to	TO
avoid	VB
behaviors	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
put	VB
them	PRP
at	IN
risk	NN
of	IN
infection	NN
with	IN
the	DT
human	JJ
immunodeficiency	NN
virus	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
HIV	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
following	JJ
policy	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
written	VBN
to	TO
assist	VB
in	IN
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
18-2-9	CD
,	,
related	VBN
to	TO
exclusion	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
from	IN
health	NN
education	NN
class	NN
instruction	NN
about	IN
AIDS	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
sexually	RB
transmitted	JJ
diseases	NNS
.	.
The	DT
penalty	NN
for	IN
non-compliance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
law	NN
could	MD
mean	VB
removal	NN
from	IN
public	JJ
school	NN
employment	NN
.	.
All	DT
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
must	MD
teach	VB
health	NN
education	NN
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
instruction	NN
in	IN
any	DT
of	IN
grades	NNS
six	CD
through	IN
twelve	CD
in	IN
the	DT
prevention	NN
,	,
transmission	NN
and	CC
spread	NN
of	IN
AIDS	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
sexually	RB
transmitted	JJ
diseases	NNS
.	.
The	DT
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
approved	VBD
Health	NNP
Education	NNP
Program	NNP
of	IN
Study	NNP
constitutes	VBZ
the	DT
course	NN
curriculum	NN
requirements	NNS
.	.
Materials	NNPS
used	VBD
,	,
including	VBG
textbooks	NNS
,	,
should	MD
be	VB
aligned	VBN
with	IN
learning	VBG
outcomes	NNS
.	.
Counties	NNS
must	MD
develop	VB
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
curriculum	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
health	NN
learning	VBG
outcomes	NNS
.	.
Good	JJ
health	NN
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
to	TO
student	NN
learning	NN
.	.
This	DT
policy	NN
establishes	VBZ
the	DT
standards	NNS
that	WDT
must	MD
be	VB
followed	VBN
in	IN
providing	VBG
for	IN
students	NNS
with	IN
health	NN
care	NN
needs	NNS
.	.
The	DT
resulting	VBG
Basic	JJ
and	CC
Specialized	NNP
Health	NNP
Care	NNP
Procedure	NNP
Manual	NNP
for	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Public	NNP
Schools	NNP
was	VBD
designed	VBN
for	IN
use	NN
by	IN
certified	JJ
school	NN
nurses	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
to	TO
assure	VB
safe	JJ
,	,
consistent	JJ
provision	NN
of	IN
health	NN
care	NN
.	.
Contracted	VBN
Licensed	NNP
Health	NNP
Care	NNP
Provider	NNP
is	VBZ
defined	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
licensed	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
provider	NN
,	,
as	IN
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
Section	NN
3.9	CD
of	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
,	,
providing	VBG
health	NN
care	NN
services	NNS
under	IN
contract	NN
with	IN
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
Health	NNP
care	NN
services	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
contracted	VBN
after	IN
the	DT
ratio	NN
of	IN
one	CD
nurse	NN
for	IN
every	DT
1,500	CD
students	NNS
,	,
kindergarten	NN
through	IN
seventh	JJ
grade	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
to	TO
county	NN
schools	NNS
.	.
First	NNP
Aid	NNP
is	VBZ
defined	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
training	NN
course	NN
in	IN
emergency	NN
treatment	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
administered	VBN
to	TO
an	DT
injured	JJ
or	CC
sick	JJ
person	NN
before	IN
professional	JJ
medical	JJ
care	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
.	.
This	DT
training	NN
will	MD
be	VB
coordinated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
nurse	NN
.	.
Health	NNP
Assessment	NNP
is	VBZ
defined	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
process	NN
by	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
certified	JJ
school	NN
nurse	NN
obtains	VBZ
student	NN
health	NN
data	NNS
.	.
This	DT
assessment	NN
is	VBZ
comprehensive	JJ
,	,
systematic	JJ
and	CC
continuous	JJ
to	TO
allow	VB
the	DT
certified	JJ
school	NN
nurse	NN
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
nursing	NN
diagnosis	NN
and	CC
plan	NN
for	IN
interventions	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
student	NN
,	,
family	NN
,	,
school	NN
staff	NN
and	CC
licensed	VBD
prescriber	NN
when	WRB
necessary	JJ
.	.
Care	NNP
Plan	NNP
is	VBZ
defined	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
written	VBN
document	NN
developed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
certified	JJ
school	NN
nurse	NN
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
a	DT
nursing	NN
diagnosis	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
individualized	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
health	NN
needs	NNS
and	CC
consists	VBZ
of	IN
specific	JJ
goals	NNS
and	CC
interventions	NNS
delineating	VBG
the	DT
school	NN
nursing	NN
actions	NNS
,	,
delegated	JJ
procedures	NNS
and	CC
student	NN
's	POS
role	NN
in	IN
self	NN
care	NN
.	.
Health	NNP
Care	NNP
Provider	NNP
is	VBZ
defined	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
medical	JJ
doctor	NN
or	CC
doctor	NN
of	IN
osteopathy	NN
,	,
podiatrist	NN
,	,
registered	VBN
nurse	NN
,	,
practical	JJ
nurse	NN
,	,
registered	VBN
nurse	NN
practitioner	NN
,	,
physician	NN
assistant	NN
,	,
dentist	NN
,	,
optometrist	NN
,	,
pharmacist	NN
or	CC
respiratory	JJ
care	NN
professional	JJ
licensed	VBN
under	IN
Chapter	NN
Thirty	CD
of	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
.	.
Supervision	NNP
of	IN
Designated	NNP
School	NNP
Employees	NNP
is	VBZ
defined	VBN
as	IN
periodic	JJ
on-site	JJ
review	NN
and	CC
documentation	NN
by	IN
the	DT
certified	JJ
school	NN
nurse	NN
verifying	VBG
the	DT
competency	NN
of	IN
that	DT
individual	NN
in	IN
performing	VBG
basic	JJ
and\/or	CC
specialized	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
procedures	NNS
and	CC
maintaining	VBG
appropriate	JJ
records	NNS
.	.
Effective	JJ
July	NNP
1	CD
,	,
1989	CD
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
fifty-five	JJ
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
will	MD
adopt	VB
or	CC
amend	VB
communicable	JJ
disease	NN
policies	NNS
to	TO
reflect	VB
understanding	NN
of	IN
disease	NN
transmission	NN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
setting	NN
and	CC
to	TO
reflect	VB
understanding	NN
of	IN
students\/staff	NN
rights	NNS
to	TO
attend	VB
school	NN
or	CC
remain	VBP
employed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
goal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
protect	VB
individual	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
staff	NN
members	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
school	NN
population	NN
in	IN
general	JJ
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
should	MD
provide	VB
consistent	JJ
means	NNS
for	IN
handling	VBG
reports	NNS
of	IN
infections\/diseases	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
AIDS	NNP
,	,
Hepatitis	NNP
B	NNP
or	CC
other	JJ
like	IN
diseases	NNS
and	CC
for	IN
decision	NN
making	VBG
related	VBN
to	TO
remaining	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
potential	NN
for	IN
unnecessary	JJ
exclusion	NN
from	IN
the	DT
school	NN
setting	NN
is	VBZ
cause	NN
for	IN
concern	NN
.	.
This	DT
problem	NN
makes	VBZ
it	PRP
necessary	JJ
for	IN
counties	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
policy	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
protective	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
educational	JJ
process	NN
and	CC
the	DT
rights	NNS
.	.
health	NN
and	CC
safety	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
staff	NN
.	.
Diseases	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
streptococcal	JJ
sore	JJ
throat	NN
and	CC
influenza	NN
can	MD
be	VB
spread	VBN
by	IN
discharge	VBP
from	IN
nose	NN
or	CC
throat	NN
,	,
either	CC
by	IN
droplet	NN
through	IN
the	DT
air	NN
,	,
or	CC
by	IN
contact	NN
with	IN
objects	NNS
contaminated	VBN
by	IN
these	DT
discharges	NNS
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
they	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
spread	VBN
by	IN
casual	JJ
contact	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
that	IN
that	DT
occurs	VBZ
in	IN
a	DT
school	NN
setting	NN
.	.
AIDS	NNP
is	VBZ
spread	VBN
by	IN
direct	JJ
blood	NN
transmission	NN
into	IN
the	DT
blood	NN
stream	NN
of	IN
another	DT
and	CC
by	IN
semen	NNS
or	CC
vaginal	JJ
fluid	NN
contact	NN
.	.
Hepatitis	NNP
A	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
spread	VBN
by	IN
direct	JJ
or	CC
indirect	JJ
contact	NN
with	IN
feces	NNS
while	IN
Hepatitis	NNP
A	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
spread	VBN
by	IN
direct	JJ
contact	NN
with	IN
semen	NNS
and	CC
blood	NN
.	.
These	DT
diseases	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
pose	VB
a	DT
risk	NN
in	IN
school	NN
if	IN
body	NN
fluids	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
blood	NN
and	CC
feces	NNS
are	VBP
correctly	RB
handled	VBN
.	.
Immediately	RB
consult	VB
with	IN
the	DT
physician	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student\/staff	NN
member	NN
and\/or	CC
health	NN
official	NN
from	IN
the	DT
State	NN
or	CC
County	NNP
Health	NNP
Department	NNP
to	TO
obtain	VB
information	NN
as	IN
to	TO
whether	IN
the	DT
student\/staff	NN
member	NN
is	VBZ
generally	RB
well	RB
enough	JJ
to	TO
remain	VB
in	IN
school	NN
during	IN
the	DT
review	NN
panel	NN
process	NN
.	.
The	DT
superintendent	NN
will	MD
confirm	VB
whether	IN
the	DT
student\/staff	NN
member	NN
has	VBZ
evidence	NN
of	IN
an	DT
existing	VBG
condition	NN
that	WDT
could	MD
be	VB
transmitted	VBN
by	IN
casual	JJ
contact	NN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
setting	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
student\/staff	NN
member	NN
's	POS
physician	NN
or	CC
the	DT
health	NN
department	NN
physician	NN
indicates	VBZ
the	DT
student\/staff	JJ
member	NN
is	VBZ
well	RB
enough	JJ
to	TO
remain	VB
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
setting	NN
and	CC
poses	VBZ
no	DT
immediate	JJ
health	NN
threat	NN
through	IN
casual	JJ
contact	NN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
population	NN
because	IN
of	IN
their	PRP$
illness	NN
,	,
the	DT
student\/staff	JJ
member	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
allowed	VBN
to	TO
remain	VB
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
setting	VBG
while	IN
the	DT
review	NN
panel	NN
meets	VBZ
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
student\/staff	NN
member	NN
's	POS
physician	NN
or	CC
the	DT
health	NN
department	NN
official	JJ
indicates	VBZ
the	DT
student\/staff	JJ
member	NN
is	VBZ
currently	RB
not	RB
well	RB
enough	JJ
to	TO
remain	VB
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
setting	VBG
and\/or	CC
that	IN
the	DT
affected	JJ
individual	JJ
currently	RB
has	VBZ
evidence	NN
of	IN
an	DT
illness	NN
or	CC
infection	NN
that	WDT
poses	VBZ
a	DT
potential	JJ
health	NN
threat	NN
through	IN
casual	JJ
contact	NN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
population	NN
,	,
the	DT
student\/staff	JJ
member	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
excluded	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
school	NN
setting	VBG
while	IN
the	DT
review	NN
panel	NN
meets	VBZ
.	.
The	DT
parent\/guardian	NN
,	,
affected	VBN
person	NN
or	CC
their	PRP$
representative	NN
may	MD
make	VB
a	DT
final	JJ
written	JJ
appeal	NN
to	TO
the	DT
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
with	IN
five	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
5	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
school	NN
days	NNS
after	IN
the	DT
Superintendent	NNP
's	POS
Decision	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
shall	MD
meet	VB
within	IN
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
school	NN
days	NNS
and	CC
hear	VB
the	DT
student\/staff	NN
member	NN
's	POS
appeal	NN
along	IN
with	IN
the	DT
Proposal	NNP
for	IN
Decision	NNP
and	CC
Superintendent	NNP
's	POS
Decision	NN
.	.
Within	IN
two	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
school	NN
days	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
hearing	NN
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
shall	MD
render	VB
its	PRP$
decision	NN
in	IN
writing	VBG
with	IN
copies	NNS
sent	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
superintendent	NN
,	,
health	NN
department	NN
official	NN
,	,
and	CC
parent\/guardian	NN
or	CC
affected	VBN
person	NN
.	.
All	DT
persons	NNS
involved	VBN
in	IN
these	DT
procedures	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
treat	VB
all	DT
proceedings	NNS
,	,
deliberations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
documents	NNS
as	IN
confidential	JJ
information	NN
.	.
Records	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
proceedings	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
decisions	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
kept	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
superintendent	NN
in	IN
a	DT
sealed	JJ
envelope	NN
with	IN
access	NN
limited	VBN
to	TO
only	RB
those	DT
persons	NNS
receiving	VBG
the	DT
consent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
parent\/guardian	NN
or	CC
infected	VBN
person	NN
as	IN
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Employee	NNP
Right	NNP
to	TO
Know	NNP
Act	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Family	NNP
Education	NNP
Rights	NNPS
and	CC
Privacy	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
This	DT
policy	NN
applies	VBZ
only	RB
to	TO
nonacademic	JJ
extracurricular	JJ
activities	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
interscholastic	JJ
athletics	NNS
,	,
cheerleading	NN
,	,
student	NN
government	NN
,	,
class	NN
officers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
clubs	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
not	RB
closely	RB
related	VBN
to	TO
identifiable	JJ
programs\/areas	NNS
of	IN
study	NN
,	,
in	IN
grades	NNS
7-12	CD
.	.
Excluded	VBN
from	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
are	VBP
extracurricular	JJ
activities	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
closely	RB
related	VBN
to	TO
identifiable	JJ
academic	JJ
programs\/areas	NNS
of	IN
study	NN
and	CC
which	WDT
serve	VBP
to	TO
complement	VB
academic	JJ
curricular	JJ
activities	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
vocational	JJ
,	,
linguistic	JJ
,	,
mathematic	JJ
,	,
scientific	JJ
,	,
forensic	JJ
,	,
theatrical	JJ
,	,
musical	JJ
,	,
journalistic	JJ
and	CC
other	JJ
similar	JJ
academic	JJ
extracurricular	JJ
activities	NNS
.	.
Handicapped	NNP
students	NNS
placed	VBN
in	IN
ungraded	JJ
programs	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
eligible	JJ
for	IN
participation	NN
in	IN
extracurricular	JJ
activities	NNS
if	IN
their	PRP$
records	NNS
indicate	VBP
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
making	VBG
satisfactory	JJ
progress	NN
in	IN
meeting	VBG
the	DT
objectives	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
IEP	NNP
.	.
Diploma	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
appropriate	JJ
recognition	NN
of	IN
educational	JJ
attainment	NN
to	TO
those	DT
individuals	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
demonstrated	VBN
that	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
attained	VBN
academic	JJ
skills	NNS
equivalent	JJ
to	TO
those	DT
at	IN
the	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
completion	NN
level	NN
by	IN
satisfactorily	RB
passing	VBG
the	DT
General	NNP
Educational	NNP
Development	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
GED	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
Tests	NNS
.	.
Coordinator	NN
's	POS
final	JJ
decision	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
exemption	NN
is	VBZ
granted	VBN
,	,
the	DT
candidate	NN
must	MD
officially	RB
withdraw	VB
from	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
school\/system	NN
attended	VBD
as	IN
evidenced	VBN
by	IN
written	VBN
documentation	NN
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
candidate	NN
must	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
home-schooled	JJ
as	IN
evidenced	VBN
by	IN
written	VBN
documentation	NN
from	IN
the	DT
county	NN
home-school	NN
monitor	NN
.	.
Documentation	NN
must	MD
include	VB
withdrawal	NN
date	NN
as	IN
indicated	VBN
in	IN
Section	NN
5.1	CD
.	.
,	,
or	CC
home-school	JJ
dates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
original	JJ
class	NN
graduation	NN
date	NN
.	.
Documentation	NN
must	MD
include	VB
the	DT
withdrawal	NN
date	NN
as	IN
indicated	VBN
in	IN
Section	NN
5.1	CD
.	.
and	CC
the	DT
original	JJ
class	NN
graduation	NN
date	NN
.	.
The	DT
candidate	NN
must	MD
also	RB
provide	VB
a	DT
statement	NN
on	IN
official	JJ
letterhead	NN
from	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
,	,
military	JJ
recruiter	NN
,	,
college	NN
admission	NN
officer	NN
,	,
or	CC
vocational-technical	JJ
director	NN
evidencing	VBG
acceptance\/promotion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
candidate	NN
once	RB
he\/she	JJ
passes	VBZ
the	DT
GED	NNP
Tests	NNPS
.	.
Examiner	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
notified	VBN
in	IN
writing	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
GED	NNP
Coordinator	NNP
's	POS
final	JJ
decision	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
exemption	NN
is	VBZ
granted	VBN
,	,
the	DT
candidate	NN
must	MD
officially	RB
withdraw	VB
from	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
school\/system	NN
attended	VBD
as	IN
evidenced	VBN
by	IN
written	VBN
documentation	NN
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
candidate	NN
must	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
home-schooled	JJ
as	IN
evidenced	VBN
by	IN
written	VBN
documentation	NN
from	IN
the	DT
county	NN
home-school	NN
monitor	NN
.	.
Documentation	NN
must	MD
include	VB
the	DT
withdrawal	NN
date	NN
as	IN
indicated	VBN
in	IN
Section	NN
5.1	CD
.	.
,	,
or	CC
home-school	JJ
dates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
original	JJ
class	NN
graduation	NN
date	NN
.	.
The	DT
sixteen	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
16	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
year	NN
old	JJ
must	MD
also	RB
provide	VB
a	DT
statement	NN
on	IN
official	JJ
letterhead	NN
from	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
,	,
military	JJ
recruiter	NN
,	,
college	NN
admission	NN
officer	NN
,	,
or	CC
vocational-technical	JJ
director	NN
evidencing	VBG
acceptance\/promotion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
candidate	NN
once	RB
he\/she	JJ
passes	VBZ
the	DT
GED	NNP
Tests	NNPS
.	.
Equivalency	NNP
Diploma	NNP
.	.
The	DT
candidate	NN
must	MD
present	VB
clear	JJ
,	,
current	JJ
,	,
state-issued	JJ
photo	NN
identification	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
driver	NN
's	POS
license	NN
,	,
state	NN
alternative	NN
identification	NN
,	,
military	JJ
identification	NN
or	CC
a	DT
valid	JJ
passport	NN
.	.
The	DT
GED	NNP
Examiner	NNP
may	MD
request	VB
further	JJ
proof	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
pertinent	JJ
documentation	NN
as	IN
evidence	NN
of	IN
identity	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
birth	NN
certificate	NN
,	,
Social	NNP
Security	NNP
card	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
Policy	NNP
2460	CD
includes	VBZ
regulations	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
safety	NN
and	CC
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Internet	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
addresses	VBZ
acceptable	JJ
use	NN
,	,
privileges	NNS
,	,
accountability	NN
and	CC
responsibility	NN
,	,
web	NN
publishing	NN
,	,
network	NN
etiquette	NN
,	,
reliability	NN
,	,
security	NN
,	,
safety	NN
,	,
and	CC
vandalism	NN
.	.
The	DT
WVDE	NNP
reserves	NNS
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
access	NN
and	CC
disclose	VB
all	DT
messages	NNS
sent	VBD
over	RP
its	PRP$
information	NN
systems	NNS
for	IN
any	DT
purposes	NNS
.	.
For	IN
reasons	NNS
of	IN
privacy	NN
,	,
employees	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
attempt	VB
to	TO
gain	VB
access	NN
to	TO
another	DT
employee	NN
's	POS
personal	JJ
file	NN
of	IN
messages	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
's	POS
information	NN
systems	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
reserves	NNS
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
enter	VB
an	DT
employee	NN
's	POS
information	NN
system	NN
files	NNS
whenever	WRB
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
business	NN
need	NN
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
their	PRP$
responsibility	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
all	DT
activities	NNS
and\/or	CC
functions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
server	NN
involve	VB
appropriate	JJ
school	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
All	DT
administrative	JJ
functions	NNS
and\/or	CC
file	NN
maintenance	NN
to	TO
the	DT
server	NN
are	VBP
the	DT
responsibility	NN
of	IN
the	DT
educator\/administrator	NN
at	IN
that	DT
location	NN
.	.
At	IN
no	DT
point	NN
should	MD
a	DT
student	NN
be	VB
given	VBN
administrative	JJ
responsibilities	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
server	NN
with	IN
a	DT
wide-area	NN
network	NN
or	CC
Internet	NNP
connection	NN
.	.
``	``
access	NN
.	.
k12	FW
.	.
wv	NN
.	.
us	PRP
''	''
server	NN
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
administered	VBN
by	IN
WVDE	NNP
and	CC
WVNET	NNP
.	.
The	DT
responsibility	NN
for	IN
any	DT
``	``
non-access	JJ
.	.
k12	FW
.	.
wv	NN
.	.
us	PRP
''	''
e-mail	NN
accounts	NNS
lies	VBZ
with	IN
the	DT
administrator	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and\/or	CC
educator	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
identified	VBN
as	IN
responsible	JJ
for	IN
those	DT
students	NNS
using	VBG
alternative	JJ
e-mail	NN
accounts	NNS
or	CC
the	DT
administrator	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and\/or	CC
educator	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
identified	VBN
as	IN
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
e-mail	NN
server	NN
being	VBG
used	VBN
.	.
Internet	NN
by	IN
school	NN
personnel	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
WVDE	NNP
also	RB
recognizes	VBZ
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
guidelines	NNS
that	WDT
address	VBP
content	JJ
,	,
overall	JJ
responsibility	NN
,	,
potential	JJ
contributors	NNS
,	,
quality	NN
,	,
technical	JJ
standards	NNS
,	,
and	CC
student	NN
protection	NN
.	.
In	IN
addressing	VBG
these	DT
issues	NNS
,	,
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
recommends	VBZ
that	IN
each	DT
county	NN
and\/or	CC
school	NN
adopt	VB
local	JJ
policies	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
``	``
Web	NNP
Publishing	NNP
Guidelines	NNS
''	''
.	.
Education	NNP
Agency	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
LEA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
including	VBG
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
,	,
childcare	NN
,	,
private	JJ
preschool	JJ
,	,
Head	NNP
Start	NNP
,	,
and	CC
community-based	JJ
programs	NNS
that	WDT
meet	VBP
or	CC
exceed	VBP
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
county	NN
's	POS
collaborative	JJ
plan	NN
.	.
Approved	VBN
WV	NNP
Pre-k	NNP
participating	VBG
programs	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
counted	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
aid	NN
funding	VBG
formula	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
to	TO
receive	VB
funds	NNS
through	IN
contractual	JJ
agreements	NNS
with	IN
or	CC
direct	JJ
administration	NN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
school	NN
system	NN
.	.
September	NNP
1	CD
of	IN
the	DT
year	NN
he\/she	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
enroll	VB
or	CC
whose	WP$
enrollment	NN
is	VBZ
mandated	VBN
under	IN
state	NN
and\/or	CC
federal	JJ
law	NN
.	.
Three	CD
year	NN
old	JJ
children	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
collaborative	JJ
classrooms	NNS
if	IN
they	PRP
meet	VBP
the	DT
eligibility	NN
requirements	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
or	CC
,	,
in	IN
a	DT
collaborative	JJ
classroom	NN
,	,
the	DT
guidelines	NNS
for	IN
enrollment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
collaborative	JJ
community	NN
partner	NN
.	.
If	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
interest	NN
of	IN
the	DT
child	NN
,	,
as	IN
determined	VBN
by	IN
mutual	JJ
agreement	NN
between	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
and	CC
parent\/guardian	NN
,	,
the	DT
child	NN
may	MD
remain	VB
in	IN
the	DT
program	NN
for	IN
longer	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
year	NN
.	.
Because	IN
WV	NNP
Pre-k	NNP
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
prepare	VB
children	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
successful	JJ
in	IN
kindergarten	NN
,	,
children	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
excluded	VBN
based	VBN
on	IN
developmental	JJ
delays	NNS
including	VBG
toilet	NN
training	NN
.	.
Children	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
five	CD
prior	JJ
to	TO
September	NNP
1	CD
shall	MD
be	VB
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
kindergarten	NN
,	,
instead	RB
of	IN
WV	NNP
Pre-k	NNP
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
and	CC
parent	NN
deem	VB
kindergarten	NN
placement	NN
for	IN
that	DT
child	NN
not	RB
in	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
interest	NN
of	IN
the	DT
child	NN
.	.
For	IN
children	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
been	VBN
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
WV	NNP
Pre-k	NNP
classroom	NN
,	,
determination	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
child	NN
with	IN
an	DT
additional	JJ
year	NN
of	IN
pre-k	JJ
will	MD
be	VB
documented	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
county\/classroom	NN
assessments	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
child	NN
using	VBG
the	DT
county\/classroom	NN
adopted	VBN
comprehensive	JJ
assessment	NN
system	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
parent\/guardian	NN
is	VBZ
unable	JJ
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
bus	NN
,	,
there	EX
shall	MD
be	VB
a	DT
person	NN
designated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
parent\/guardian	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
the	DT
child	NN
.	.
Bus	NN
drivers	NNS
must	MD
inspect	VB
the	DT
bus	NN
at	IN
all	DT
final	JJ
drop	NN
off	IN
points	NNS
to	TO
assure	VB
that	IN
no	DT
children	NNS
are	VBP
left	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
bus	NN
and	CC
these	DT
inspections	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
charted	VBN
.	.
A	DT
log	VB
of	IN
daily	JJ
inspections	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
maintained	VBN
on	IN
file	NN
with	IN
the	DT
principal\/supervisor	NN
.	.
At	IN
each	DT
pre-k	JJ
site	NN
where	WRB
bus	NN
transportation	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
,	,
a	DT
designated	VBN
person	NN
must	MD
follow-up	VB
with	IN
the	DT
family	NN
of	IN
any	DT
child	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
not	RB
present	JJ
or	CC
accounted	VBD
for	IN
each	DT
day	NN
.	.
Local	JJ
program	NN
oversight	NN
for	IN
contracted	VBN
community	NN
programs	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
defined	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
contracts	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
community	NN
program	NN
and	CC
the	DT
LEA	NNP
including	VBG
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
,	,
staff	NN
evaluation	NN
and	CC
discipline	NN
,	,
will	MD
be	VB
specified	VBN
within	IN
the	DT
resulting	VBG
collaborative	JJ
agreements	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
participating	VBG
program	NN
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
plan	NN
.	.
Purchasing	NNP
Procedures	NNP
for	IN
Local	NNP
Education	NNP
Agencies	NNPS
.	.
Seventy-five	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
profits	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
sale	NN
of	IN
soft	JJ
drinks	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
allocated	VBN
by	IN
majority	NN
vote	NN
of	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
of	IN
each	DT
school	NN
and	CC
twenty-five	JJ
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
profits	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
sale	NN
of	IN
soft	JJ
drinks	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
allocated	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
purchases	NNS
of	IN
necessary	JJ
supplies	NNS
by	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
No	DT
foods	NNS
containing	VBG
40	CD
%	NN
or	CC
more	JJR
sugar	NN
by	IN
weight	NN
will	MD
be	VB
sold	VBN
or	CC
served	VBN
.	.
Any	DT
juice	NN
or	CC
juice	NN
product	NN
sold	VBN
or	CC
served	VBN
must	MD
contain	VB
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
20	CD
%	NN
real	JJ
juice	NN
.	.
Prior	RB
USDA	NNP
approval	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
fruit\/vegetable	JJ
snack	NN
option	NN
for	IN
lunch	NN
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
a.	IN
The	DT
snack	NN
is	VBZ
offered	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
item	NN
at	IN
breakfast	NN
or	CC
lunch	NN
for	IN
consumption	NN
later	RB
.	.
b.	NNP
The	NNP
snack	NN
item	NN
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
single	JJ
serving	VBG
of	IN
bread\/bread	NN
alternate	JJ
,	,
fruit	NN
or	CC
vegetable	NN
.	.
c.	NN
If	IN
the	DT
snack	NN
option	NN
is	VBZ
chosen	VBN
,	,
school	NN
administrators	NNS
and	CC
teachers	NNS
should	MD
support	VB
this	DT
effort	NN
by	IN
providing	VBG
students	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
time	NN
and	CC
opportunity	NN
to	TO
eat	VB
these	DT
snacks	NNS
during	IN
the	DT
day	NN
.	.
d.	NNP
Timing	NN
of	IN
the	DT
snack	NN
should	MD
be	VB
determined	VBN
by	IN
individual	JJ
school	NN
choosing	VBG
this	DT
option	NN
.	.
e.	FW
The	DT
price	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meals	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
increased	VBN
solely	RB
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
choosing	VBG
this	DT
option	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Note	NN
:	:
No	DT
federal	JJ
reimbursements	NNS
exist	VBP
for	IN
snacks	NNS
outside	IN
the	DT
lunch	NN
or	CC
breakfast	NN
meals	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
f.	NNP
Schools	NNP
choosing	VBG
this	DT
snack	NN
option	NN
may	MD
elect	VB
to	TO
sell	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
snack	NN
foods	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
purchase	VB
a	DT
school	NN
meal	NN
.	.
Beginning	VBG
with	IN
assignments	NNS
made	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
2002-2003	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
nutrition	NN
director	NN
must	MD
hold	VB
an	DT
Authorization	NN
endorsed	VBD
for	IN
School	NNP
Nutrition	NNP
Program	NNP
Director	NNP
.	.
An	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
assigned	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
school	NN
nutrition	NN
program	NN
director	NN
for	IN
the	DT
2002-2003	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
issued	VBN
,	,
upon	IN
recommendation	NN
from	IN
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
,	,
an	DT
Authorization	NN
to	TO
continue	VB
working	VBG
in	IN
this	DT
capacity	NN
AND	CC
shall	MD
renew	VB
such	JJ
Authorization	NN
annually	RB
.	.
VII	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
McKinney-Vento	NNP
Homeless	NNP
Act	NNP
of	IN
2001	CD
when	WRB
addressing	VBG
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
homeless	JJ
children	NNS
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
homeless	JJ
child	NN
or	CC
youth	NN
continues	VBZ
to	TO
live	VB
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
served	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
education	NN
agency	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
hereinafter	NN
LEA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
school	NN
of	IN
origin	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
,	,
that	IN
LEA	NNP
shall	MD
provide	VB
or	CC
arrange	VB
for	IN
the	DT
child	NN
's	POS
or	CC
youth	NN
's	POS
transportation	NN
to	TO
and	CC
from	IN
the	DT
school	NN
of	IN
origin	NN
.	.
School	NNP
bus	NN
operators	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
inspection	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
bus	NN
and	CC
complete	JJ
specified	VBN
duties	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
insure	VB
the	DT
safe	JJ
transport	NN
of	IN
all	DT
passengers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
following	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
the	DT
required	JJ
inspections	NNS
and	CC
duties	NNS
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
school	NN
administrators	NNS
provide	VBP
the	DT
opportunity	NN
and	CC
encouragement	NN
for	IN
county	NN
school	NN
bus	NN
operators	NNS
who	WP
win	VBP
recognition	NN
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
``	``
School	NNP
Bus	NNP
Safety	NNP
Roadeo	NNP
''	''
to	TO
compete	VB
in	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
event	NN
.	.
``	``
Employee	NN
''	''
shall	MD
include	VB
all	DT
school	NN
personnel	NNS
employed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
whether	IN
employed	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
full-time	JJ
basis	NN
or	CC
otherwise	RB
,	,
and	CC
shall	MD
include	VB
other	JJ
personnel	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
employees	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Blind	NNP
,	,
and	CC
all	DT
employees	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Institutional	NNP
Education	NNP
Programs	NNP
.	.
Contribute	NN
,	,
cooperate	VBP
,	,
and	CC
participate	VB
in	IN
creating	VBG
an	DT
environment	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
all	DT
employees\/students	NNS
are	VBP
accepted	VBN
and	CC
are	VBP
provided	VBN
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
achieve	VB
at	IN
the	DT
highest	JJS
levels	NNS
in	IN
all	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
development	NN
.	.
C.	NNP
Disclosed	NNP
only	RB
to	TO
individuals	NNS
providing	VBG
the	DT
treatment	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
provided	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
records	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
personally	RB
reviewed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
physician	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
appropriate	JJ
professional	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
choice	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
this	DT
definition	NN
,	,
``	``
treatment	NN
''	''
does	VBZ
not	RB
include	VB
remedial	JJ
educational	JJ
activities	NNS
or	CC
activities	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
of	IN
instruction	NN
at	IN
the	DT
educational	JJ
agency	NN
or	CC
institution	NN
.	.
Policy	NN
2419	CD
a	DT
statement	NN
of	IN
any	DT
current	JJ
or	CC
previous	JJ
disciplinary	JJ
action	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
taken	VBN
against	IN
the	DT
student	NN
and	CC
transmits	VBZ
the	DT
statement	NN
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
extent	NN
that	IN
the	DT
disciplinary	JJ
information	NN
is	VBZ
included	VBN
in	IN
,	,
and	CC
transmitted	VBD
with	IN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
records	NNS
of	IN
non-disabled	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
Policy	NNP
2419	CD
shall	MD
ensure	VB
that	IN
copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
disciplinary	JJ
records	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
are	VBP
transmitted	VBN
for	IN
consideration	NN
by	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
authorities	NNS
to	TO
whom	WP
it	PRP
reports	VBZ
the	DT
crime	NN
,	,
but	CC
only	RB
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
permitted	VBN
by	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
's	POS
provisions	NNS
regarding	VBG
disclosure	NN
of	IN
education	NN
records	NNS
.	.
Special	JJ
Education	NNP
,	,
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
alleged	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
confidentiality	NN
of	IN
personally	RB
identifiable	JJ
information	NN
regarding	VBG
an	DT
exceptional	JJ
student	NN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
and	CC
Policy	NN
2419	CD
has	VBZ
been	VBN
violated	VBN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
file	VB
a	DT
complaint	NN
with	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
as	IN
described	VBN
in	IN
Section	NN
126-94-26	CD
.	.
Year	NN
2002	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
P.L.	NNP
107-107	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
all	DT
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
military	JJ
recruiters	NNS
,	,
upon	IN
request	NN
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
names	NNS
addresses	NNS
and	CC
telephone	NN
listings	NNS
of	IN
secondary	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
unless	IN
the	DT
parents\/guardians	NNS
have	VBP
advised	VBN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
want	VB
their	PRP$
students	NNS
'	POS
information	NN
disclosed	VBD
without	IN
prior	RB
written	VBN
consent	NN
as	IN
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
Section	NN
126-94-23	CD
.	.
Conflict	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Vietnam	NNP
Conflict	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
availability	NN
of	IN
the	DT
diploma	NN
for	IN
veterans	NNS
.	.
This	DT
notification	NN
will	MD
include	VB
the	DT
application	NN
form	NN
to	TO
receive	VB
such	JJ
diploma	NN
,	,
as	IN
designed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Veterans	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
.	.
Handbook	NNP
summary	NN
statements	NNS
to	TO
each	DT
student	NN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
These	DT
summary	NN
statements	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
handbook	NN
provided	VBN
to	TO
each	DT
student	NN
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
's	POS
handbook	NN
shall	MD
also	RB
state	NN
,	,
``	``
Students	NNS
may	MD
view	VB
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
entire	JJ
Student	NN
Handbook	NNP
-	:
Student	NNP
Rights	NNPS
and	CC
Responsibilities	NNPS
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
main	JJ
office	NN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
's	POS
office	NN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
counselor	NN
's	POS
office	NN
,	,
or	CC
in	IN
the	DT
library-media	JJ
center	NN
.	.
''	''
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
is	VBZ
committed	VBN
to	TO
staffing	NN
every	DT
school	NN
and	CC
providing	VBG
every	DT
student	NN
with	IN
competent	JJ
educators	NNS
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
administrators	NNS
and	CC
higher	JJR
education	NN
faculty	NN
can	MD
and	CC
must	MD
work	VB
together	RB
to	TO
improve	VB
the	DT
education	NN
profession	NN
and	CC
to	TO
enhance	VB
educational	JJ
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
also	RB
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
must	MD
maintain	VB
effective	JJ
communication	NN
with	IN
the	DT
educational	JJ
community	NN
to	TO
sustain	VB
the	DT
high	JJ
quality	NN
education	NN
the	DT
public	JJ
deserves	VBZ
and	CC
expects	VBZ
.	.
A	DT
county	NN
on	IN
its	PRP$
own	JJ
may	MD
hire	VB
prospective	JJ
employable	JJ
professional	JJ
personnel	NNS
only	RB
when	WRB
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
has	VBZ
:	:
given	VBN
the	DT
superintendent	NN
general	JJ
approval	NN
to	TO
employ	VB
the	DT
personnel	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
reserve	NN
list	NN
;	:
given	VBN
general	JJ
approval	NN
as	IN
to	TO
the	DT
form	NN
of	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
;	:
and	CC
has	VBZ
approved	VBN
the	DT
number	NN
to	TO
be	VB
hired	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
reserve	NN
list	NN
.	.
Authorization	NN
endorsed	VBD
for	IN
athletic	JJ
trainer	NN
may	MD
be	VB
issued	VBN
to	TO
an	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
holds	VBZ
certification	NN
through	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Athletic	NNP
Trainers	NNPS
Association	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Certification	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NATABOC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
Authorization	NN
may	MD
be	VB
reissued	VBN
annually	RB
upon	IN
application	NN
to	TO
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
Office	NNP
of	IN
Professional	NNP
Preparation	NNP
with	IN
documentation	NN
of	IN
valid	JJ
NATABOC	NNP
certification	NN
and	CC
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
superintendent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
employing	VBG
county	NN
.	.
Employment	NNP
endorsed	VBD
for	IN
athletic	JJ
trainer	NN
may	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
to	TO
an	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
holds	VBZ
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
completed	VBN
six	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
6	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
semester	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
credit	NN
applicable	JJ
to	TO
an	DT
approved	VBN
athletic	JJ
trainer	NN
program	NN
.	.
Certificate	NN
will	MD
be	VB
in	IN
keeping	VBG
with	IN
continuing	VBG
education	NN
guidelines	NNS
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
in	IN
conformity	NN
with	IN
the	DT
School	NNP
Laws	NNPS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Professional	NNP
Certificate	NNP
.	.
Authorized	VBN
Athletic	JJ
Trainer	NN
.	.
The	DT
athletic	JJ
trainer	NN
possesses	VBZ
the	DT
essential	JJ
knowledge	NN
,	,
skills	NNS
,	,
attitudes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
credentials	NNS
necessary	JJ
to	TO
carry	VB
out	RP
the	DT
practices	NNS
of	IN
prevention	NN
,	,
evaluation	NN
,	,
initial	JJ
care	NN
,	,
and	CC
physical	JJ
rehabilitation	NN
of	IN
injuries	NNS
sustained	VBN
by	IN
students	NNS
engaged	VBN
in	IN
public	JJ
school	NN
athletics	NNS
.	.
The	DT
athletic	JJ
trainer	NN
has	VBZ
responsibility	NN
for	IN
the	DT
development	NN
,	,
implementation	NN
,	,
and	CC
management	NN
of	IN
the	DT
athletic	JJ
training	NN
program	NN
.	.
Authorization	NN
.	.
The	DT
duties	NNS
of	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
limited	JJ
football	NN
trainer	NN
authorization	NN
are	VBP
limited	VBN
to	TO
evaluation	NN
,	,
initial	JJ
care	NN
,	,
and	CC
referral	NN
of	IN
injuries	NNS
sustained	VBN
by	IN
students	NNS
engaged	VBN
in	IN
public	JJ
school	NN
athletics	NNS
.	.
Senate	NNP
Bill	NNP
300	CD
requires	VBZ
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
approve	VB
and	CC
promulgate	VB
rules	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
minimum	NN
qualities	NNS
,	,
proficiencies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
skills	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
required	VBN
of	IN
all	DT
principals	NNS
.	.
The	DT
legislation	NN
creates	VBZ
the	DT
Principals	NNPS
'	POS
Standards	NNPS
Advisory	NNP
Council	NNP
to	TO
assist	VB
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
with	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
these	DT
rules	NNS
.	.
Strong	JJ
leadership	NN
by	IN
principals	NNS
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
for	IN
good	JJ
schools	NNS
and	CC
higher	JJR
levels	NNS
of	IN
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
These	DT
rules	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
to	TO
develop	VB
the	DT
curriculum	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Principals	NNPS
'	POS
Academy	NNP
and	CC
by	IN
other	JJ
organizations	NNS
and	CC
institutions	NNS
in	IN
preparation	NN
and	CC
professional	JJ
development	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
principals	NNS
.	.
Virginia	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
to	TO
maintain	VB
:	:
accurate	JJ
records	NNS
of	IN
eligibility	NN
;	:
priority	NN
status	NN
for	IN
attendance	NN
;	:
record	NN
of	IN
attendance	NN
;	:
status	NN
of	IN
waiver	NN
requests	NNS
;	:
and	CC
a	DT
system	NN
of	IN
notification	NN
of	IN
principals	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
status	NN
in	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
attendance	NN
.	.
Principals	NNS
'	POS
Academy	NNP
as	IN
required	VBN
and	CC
who	WP
fails	VBZ
to	TO
obtain	VB
a	DT
waiver	NN
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
ineligible	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
employed	VBN
as	RB
,	,
or	CC
serve	VB
in	IN
the	DT
capacity	NN
of	IN
,	,
a	DT
principal	NN
,	,
an	DT
assistant	NN
principal	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
director	NN
or	CC
assistant	NN
director	NN
of	IN
a	DT
vocational\/technical	JJ
school	NN
.	.
Compensation	NNP
benefits	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
prohibit	VB
an	DT
employee	NN
from	IN
receiving	VBG
compensation	NN
for	IN
personal	JJ
and	CC
or	CC
annual	JJ
leave	NN
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
required	VBN
,	,
when	WRB
added	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Workers	NNPS
=	SYM
Compensation	NNP
benefits	NNS
,	,
to	TO
equal	VB
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
compensation	NN
regularly	RB
paid	VBD
the	DT
employee	NN
.	.
Compensation	NNP
to	TO
receive	VB
Temporary	NNP
Total	NNP
Disability	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
TTD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
benefits	NNS
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
whether	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
is	VBZ
actually	RB
receiving	VBG
benefits	NNS
or	CC
has	VBZ
opted	VBN
to	TO
receive	VB
personal	JJ
leave	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
annual	JJ
leave	NN
,	,
if	IN
requested	VBN
after	IN
having	VBG
exhausted	VBN
personal	JJ
leave	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Option	NN
form	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
see	VB
Attachment	NNP
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
=	SYM
s	PRP
payroll	NN
office	NN
within	IN
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
working	VBG
days	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
injury	NN
.	.
The	DT
Election	NNP
of	IN
Option	NN
form	NN
will	MD
designate	VB
the	DT
employee	NN
=	SYM
s	PRP
choice	NN
of	IN
receiving	VBG
either	CC
TTD	NNP
benefits	NNS
only	RB
for	IN
the	DT
period	NN
of	IN
absence	NN
from	IN
work	NN
,	,
personal	JJ
leave	NN
compensation	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
both	DT
.	.
The	DT
payroll	NN
office	NN
shall	MD
attach	VB
the	DT
original	JJ
Election	NNP
of	IN
Option	NN
form	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Employer	NN
=	SYM
s	PRP
Report	NNP
of	IN
Injury	NNP
form	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
WC-3	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
forward	RB
both	DT
to	TO
the	DT
Workers	NNPS
=	SYM
Compensation	NNP
Division	NNP
.	.
To	TO
the	DT
employee	NN
:	:
Please	VB
submit	VB
this	DT
form	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
agency	NN
payroll	NN
office	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
absent	JJ
from	IN
work	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
work-related	JJ
injury	NN
,	,
you	PRP
must	MD
complete	VB
this	DT
form	NN
within	IN
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
injury	NN
and	CC
choose	VB
to	TO
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
receive	VBP
only	RB
Temporary	JJ
Total	JJ
Disability	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
TTD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
benefits	NNS
from	IN
workers	NNS
=	SYM
compensation	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
receive	VBP
only	RB
compensation	NN
for	IN
accrued	VBN
personal	JJ
leave	NN
,	,
or	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
receive	VBP
a	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
TTD	NNP
benefits	NNS
and	CC
compensation	NN
for	IN
accrued	VBN
personal	JJ
leave	NN
.	.
I	PRP
elect	VBP
to	TO
receive	VB
only	RB
personal	JJ
leave	NN
compensation	NN
instead	RB
of	IN
Workers	NNS
=	SYM
Compensation	NNP
TTD	NNP
benefits	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
period	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
absent	JJ
from	IN
work	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
work-related	JJ
compensable	JJ
injury	NN
.	.
While	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
receiving	VBG
paid	VBN
leave	NN
benefits	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
understand	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
accrue	VB
personal	JJ
leave	NN
and	CC
be	VB
paid	VBN
for	IN
holidays	NNS
,	,
inclement	NN
weather	NN
days	NNS
,	,
or	CC
outside	IN
of	IN
school	NN
environment	NN
days	NNS
that	WDT
occur	VBP
during	IN
this	DT
period	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
understand	VBP
that	IN
while	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
receiving	VBG
paid	VBN
benefits	NNS
I	PRP
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
accrue	VB
seniority	NN
and	CC
work-experience	NN
credit	NN
for	IN
incremental	JJ
pay	NN
purposes	NNS
.	.
After	IN
I	PRP
exhaust	VBP
all	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
personal	JJ
leave	NN
,	,
I	PRP
understand	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
eligible	JJ
to	TO
receive	VB
TTD	NNP
benefits	NNS
during	IN
any	DT
remaining	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
absence	NN
from	IN
work	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
compensable	JJ
injury	NN
,	,
if	IN
so	RB
requested	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
understand	VBP
that	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
choose	VBP
to	TO
receive	VB
TTD	NNP
benefits	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
revert	VB
to	TO
a	DT
non-paid	JJ
status	NN
.	.
I	PRP
understand	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
accrue	VB
seniority	NN
while	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
absent	JJ
from	IN
work	NN
and	CC
receiving	VBG
TTD	NNP
due	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
work	NN
related	VBN
compensable	JJ
injury	NN
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
,	,
however	RB
,	,
continue	VBP
to	TO
accrue	VB
work-experience	NN
credit	NN
for	IN
incremental	JJ
pay	NN
purposes	NNS
.	.
Once	RB
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
compensated	VBN
for	IN
all	DT
of	IN
my	PRP$
accrued	VBN
personal	JJ
leave	NN
days	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
no	RB
longer	RB
entitled	VBN
to	TO
compensation	NN
for	IN
any	DT
holidays	NNS
,	,
inclement	NN
weather	NN
days	NNS
,	,
and	CC
outside	IN
of	IN
school	NN
environment	NN
days	NNS
which	WDT
occur	VBP
during	IN
the	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
am	VBP
absent	JJ
from	IN
work	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
work-related	JJ
injury	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
earn	VB
personal	JJ
leave	NN
as	RB
long	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
remain	VBP
under	IN
contract	NN
with	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
I	PRP
elect	VBP
to	TO
receive	VB
a	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
TTD	NNP
benefits	NNS
from	IN
workers	NNS
=	SYM
compensation	NN
and	CC
personal	JJ
leave	NN
compensation	NN
.	.
I	PRP
understand	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
receive	VB
compensation	NN
for	IN
accrued	VBN
personal	JJ
leave	NN
until	IN
I	PRP
start	VBP
receiving	VBG
TTD	NNP
benefits	NNS
.	.
Once	RB
I	PRP
start	VBP
receiving	VBG
TTD	NNP
benefits	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
understand	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
receive	VB
personal	JJ
leave	NN
compensation	NN
only	RB
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
that	IN
the	DT
compensation	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
,	,
when	WRB
added	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
workers	NNS
=	SYM
compensation	NN
benefits	NNS
,	,
to	TO
equal	VB
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
compensation	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
regularly	RB
paid	VBN
.	.
My	PRP$
accrued	VBN
personal	JJ
leave	NN
days	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
charged	VBN
only	RB
for	IN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
,	,
or	CC
portion	NN
thereof	RB
,	,
that	DT
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
compensate	VB
me	PRP
at	IN
my	PRP$
regular	JJ
rate	NN
of	IN
pay	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
understand	VBP
that	IN
any	DT
personal	JJ
leave	NN
compensation	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
received	VBD
during	IN
the	DT
period	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
award	NN
of	IN
TTD	NNP
benefits	NNS
,	,
when	WRB
added	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
TTD	NNP
benefits	NNS
,	,
that	DT
is	VBZ
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
regular	JJ
gross	JJ
pay	NN
will	MD
be	VB
deducted	VBN
from	IN
subsequent	JJ
pays	VBZ
and	CC
that	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
personal	JJ
leave	NN
will	MD
be	VB
restored	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
deductions	NNS
are	VBP
made	VBN
.	.
Furthermore	RB
,	,
I	PRP
understand	VBP
that	IN
if	IN
I	PRP
refuse	VBP
to	TO
have	VB
the	DT
excess	JJ
payment	NN
deducted	VBN
from	IN
my	PRP$
subsequent	JJ
pay	NN
,	,
I	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
subject	JJ
to	TO
disciplinary	JJ
action	NN
.	.
I	PRP
understand	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
accrue	VB
seniority	NN
while	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
absent	JJ
from	IN
work	NN
and	CC
receiving	VBG
TTD	NNP
due	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
work-related	JJ
compensable	JJ
injury	NN
.	.
I	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
accrue	VB
work-experience	NN
credit	NN
for	IN
incremental	JJ
pay	NN
purposes	NNS
unless	IN
I	PRP
receive	VBP
payment	NN
from	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
totaling	VBG
one	CD
hundred	CD
thirty-three	CD
full	JJ
days	NNS
of	IN
employment	NN
within	IN
an	DT
employment	NN
term	NN
.	.
As	RB
long	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
positive	JJ
personal	JJ
leave	NN
balance	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
entitled	VBN
to	TO
compensation	NN
for	IN
all	DT
holidays	NNS
,	,
inclement	NN
weather	NN
days	NNS
,	,
and	CC
outside	IN
of	IN
school	NN
environment	NN
days	NNS
which	WDT
occur	VBP
during	IN
the	DT
time	NN
which	WDT
I	PRP
am	VBP
absent	JJ
from	IN
work	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
work-related	JJ
injury	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
earn	VB
personal	JJ
leave	NN
as	RB
long	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
remain	VBP
under	IN
contract	NN
with	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
Every	DT
person	NN
to	TO
whom	WP
a	DT
professional	JJ
teaching	NN
certificate	NN
is	VBZ
awarded	VBN
after	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
January	NNP
,	,
on	IN
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
ninety-two	CD
,	,
shall	MD
successfully	RB
complete	VB
a	DT
beginning	NN
teacher	NN
internship	NN
program	NN
under	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
discussed	VBN
below	IN
,	,
except	IN
such	JJ
persons	NNS
who	WP
were	VBD
awarded	VBN
a	DT
professional	JJ
teaching	NN
certificate	NN
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
five	CD
years	NNS
teaching	VBG
experience	NN
in	IN
another	DT
state	NN
.	.
A	DT
professional	JJ
support	NN
team	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
comprised	VBN
of	IN
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
,	,
who	WP
shall	MD
be	VB
the	DT
chair	NN
of	IN
the	DT
professional	JJ
support	NN
team	NN
,	,
2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
professional	JJ
staff	NN
development	NN
council	NN
,	,
and	CC
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
experienced	VBD
classroom	NN
teacher	NN
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
who	WP
teaches	VBZ
the	DT
same	JJ
or	CC
similar	JJ
subject	NN
and	CC
grade	NN
level	NN
as	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
teacher	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
possible	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
who	WP
shall	MD
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
mentor	NN
for	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
teacher	NN
.	.
When	WRB
possible	JJ
,	,
the	DT
mentor	NN
shall	MD
observe	VB
the	DT
beginning	NN
teacher	NN
's	POS
classroom	NN
teaching	NN
skills	NNS
for	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
one	CD
hour	NN
per	IN
week	NN
during	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
half	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
Observation	NN
time	NN
may	MD
be	VB
reduced	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
discretion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
mentor	NN
to	TO
one	CD
hour	NN
every	DT
two	CD
weeks	NNS
during	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
half	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
Weekly	NNP
meetings	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
mentor	NN
and	CC
the	DT
beginning	NN
teacher	NN
shall	MD
occur	VB
at	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
mentor	NN
and	CC
the	DT
beginning	NN
teacher	NN
discuss	VB
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
teacher	NN
and	CC
any	DT
needed	VBN
improvements	NNS
.	.
These	DT
meetings	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
reduced	VBN
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
discretion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
mentor	NN
,	,
to	TO
biweekly	JJ
meetings	NNS
during	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
half	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
Monthly	JJ
meetings	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
professional	JJ
support	NN
team	NN
shall	MD
occur	VB
to	TO
discuss	VB
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
teacher	NN
.	.
These	DT
meetings	NNS
may	MD
include	VB
all	DT
mentor	NN
members	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
professional	JJ
support	NN
teams	NNS
a	DT
the	DT
school	NN
if	IN
helpful	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
judgement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
participants	NNS
.	.
In-service	JJ
professional	JJ
development	NN
programs	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
professional	JJ
development	NN
project	NN
of	IN
the	DT
center	NN
for	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
for	IN
beginning	VBG
teachers	NNS
and	CC
for	IN
mentors	NNS
,	,
both	DT
of	IN
which	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
half	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
mentor	NN
teacher	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
released	VBN
from	IN
regular	JJ
duties	NNS
,	,
as	IN
agreed	VBN
to	TO
by	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
and	CC
the	DT
mentor	NN
teacher	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
yearly	JJ
stipend	NN
of	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
six	CD
hundred	CD
dollars	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
mentor	NN
teacher	NN
for	IN
duties	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
mentor	NN
teacher	NN
.	.
Discontinue	VB
employment	NN
:	:
A	DT
recommendation	NN
to	TO
discontinue	VB
employment	NN
indicates	VBZ
that	IN
in	IN
the	DT
judgement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
the	DT
beginning	NN
teacher	NN
has	VBZ
completed	VBN
two	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
employment	NN
under	IN
supervision	NN
in	IN
a	DT
beginning	NN
teacher	NN
internship	NN
program	NN
,	,
has	VBZ
not	RB
demonstrated	VBN
competence	NN
as	IN
professional	JJ
educator	NN
and	CC
will	MD
not	RB
benefit	VB
from	IN
further	JJ
supervised	VBN
employment	NN
in	IN
the	DT
district	NN
.	.
Furthermore	RB
,	,
this	DT
rule	NN
also	RB
provides	VBZ
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
each	DT
county	NN
will	MD
designate	VB
an	DT
official	NN
or	CC
officials	NNS
who	WP
will	MD
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
addressing	VBG
any	DT
indoor	JJ
air	NN
quality	NN
complaint	NN
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
set	VBN
forth	RB
a	DT
policy	NN
for	IN
any	DT
party	NN
to	TO
file	VB
a	DT
complaint	NN
with	IN
the	DT
designated	VBN
official	NN
or	CC
officials	NNS
;	:
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
any	DT
indoor	JJ
air	NN
quality	NN
complaint	NN
found	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
valid	JJ
by	IN
the	DT
designated	VBN
official	NN
or	CC
officials	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
addressed	VBN
by	IN
forming	VBG
a	DT
plan	NN
of	IN
correction	NN
;	:
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
should	MD
consider	VB
any	DT
documented	VBN
plans	NNS
of	IN
closure	NN
of	IN
a	DT
school	NN
building	NN
when	WRB
forming	VBG
any	DT
plan	NN
of	IN
correction	NN
;	:
5	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
each	DT
plan	NN
of	IN
correction	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
incorporated	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
's	POS
ten-year	JJ
county-wide	JJ
major	JJ
improvement	NN
plan	NN
.	.
The	DT
following	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
recommended	VBN
list	NN
of	IN
IAQ	NNP
committee	NN
members	NNS
:	:
the	DT
principal	NN
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
or	CC
designee	NN
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
facilities\/maintenance	NN
director	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
should	MD
also	RB
be	VB
the	DT
county	NN
's	POS
designated	VBN
official	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
the	DT
complainant	NN
,	,
a	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
member	NN
,	,
a	DT
school	NN
custodian	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
local	JJ
school	NN
improvement	NN
council	NN
member	NN
.	.
The	DT
complainant	NN
may	MD
check	VB
on	IN
the	DT
status	NN
of	IN
the	DT
complaint	NN
any	DT
time	NN
during	IN
this	DT
process	NN
.	.
Investigation	NNP
Advisory	NNP
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
not	RB
addressed	VBN
this	DT
specific	JJ
complaint	NN
the	DT
complainant	NN
may	MD
,	,
within	IN
five	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
5	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
working	VBG
days	NNS
,	,
ask	VB
the	DT
principal	NN
for	IN
the	DT
complaint	NN
to	TO
be	VB
reviewed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Indoor	NNP
Air	NNP
Quality	NNP
Investigation	NNP
Advisory	NNP
Committee	NNP
.	.
Quality	NNP
Investigation	NNP
Committees	NNS
in	IN
resolving	VBG
complaints	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
indoor	JJ
air	NN
quality	NN
.	.
The	DT
technicians	NNS
will	MD
provide	VB
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
and	CC
training	NN
for	IN
county	NN
maintenance	NN
personnel	NNS
as	IN
needed	VBN
and	CC
will	MD
utilize	VB
appropriate	JJ
equipment	NN
and	CC
tools	NNS
to	TO
determine	VB
necessary	JJ
action	NN
to	TO
operate	VB
and	CC
maintain	VB
HVAC	NNP
systems	NNS
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
design	NN
objectives	NNS
.	.
Arrangement	NN
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
shall	MD
determine	VB
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
professional	JJ
educator	NN
and	CC
school	NN
service	NN
personnel	NNS
positions	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
created	VBN
in	IN
any	DT
facility	NN
receiving	VBG
students	NNS
or	CC
in	IN
any	DT
facility	NN
affected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Intercounty	NNP
Transfer	NNP
Arrangement	NNP
.	.
Arrangement	NN
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
shall	MD
prepare	VB
a	DT
``	``
certified	JJ
list	NN
of	IN
employees	NNS
''	''
containing	VBG
the	DT
names	NNS
and	CC
seniority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
professional	JJ
educators	NNS
and	CC
service	NN
personnel	NNS
whose	WP$
employment	NN
in	IN
a	DT
sending	VBG
county	NN
was	VBD
terminated	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Intercounty	NNP
Transfer	NNP
Arrangement	NNP
.	.
The	DT
term	NN
``	``
appeal	NN
''	''
shall	MD
not	RB
apply	VB
to	TO
any	DT
situation	NN
where	WRB
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
is	VBZ
without	IN
authority	NN
to	TO
act	VB
or	CC
where	WRB
the	DT
method	NN
of	IN
appeal	NN
is	VBZ
specifically	RB
established	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
appeals	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
placement	NN
of	IN
exceptional	JJ
children	NNS
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
the	DT
term	NN
``	``
appeal	NN
''	''
shall	MD
not	RB
apply	VB
when	WRB
a	DT
citizen	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
personal	JJ
complaint	NN
about	IN
a	DT
school	NN
employee	NN
.	.
Each	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
shall	MD
establish	VB
its	PRP$
own	JJ
specific	JJ
procedures	NNS
to	TO
handle	VB
complaints	NNS
about	IN
school	NN
employees	NNS
and	CC
for	IN
other	JJ
citizens	NNS
complaints	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
not	RB
governed	VBN
by	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
.	.
Forms	NNS
.	.
--	:
The	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
shall	MD
prepare	VB
and	CC
distribute	VB
appropriate	JJ
forms	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
appeal	NN
level	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
forms	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
office	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
,	,
the	DT
office	NN
of	IN
each	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
and	CC
at	IN
each	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
.	.
Limits	NNS
.	.
--	:
Since	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
that	IN
an	DT
appeal	NN
be	VB
processed	VBN
as	IN
rapidly	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
,	,
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
indicated	VBD
at	IN
each	DT
level	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
the	DT
maximum	NN
.	.
A	DT
time	NN
limit	NN
may	MD
,	,
however	RB
,	,
be	VB
extended	VBN
by	IN
mutual	JJ
agreement	NN
.	.
Private\/Public	NNP
.	.
--	:
All	DT
meetings	NNS
and	CC
hearings	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
conducted	VBN
in	IN
private	JJ
,	,
except	IN
that	DT
hearings	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
or	CC
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
or	CC
his\/her	NN
designee	NN
may	MD
be	VB
open	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
request	NN
of	IN
either	DT
party	NN
.	.
If	IN
during	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
hearing	NN
,	,
the	DT
hearing	NN
officer	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
at	IN
the	DT
county	NN
or	CC
state	NN
level	NN
feels	VBZ
that	IN
either	DT
party	NN
is	VBZ
discussing	VBG
matters	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
personal	JJ
nature	NN
,	,
the	DT
hearing	NN
may	MD
then	RB
be	VB
closed	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
that	IN
such	JJ
personal	JJ
matters	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
discussed	VBN
.	.
As	IN
the	DT
primary	JJ
goal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
appeals	NNS
procedure	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
establish	VB
better	JJR
communications	NNS
between	IN
school	NN
officials	NNS
and	CC
citizens	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
for	IN
parents	NNS
and	CC
citizens	NNS
to	TO
discuss	VB
their	PRP$
problems	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
proper	JJ
school	NN
administrator	NN
,	,
usually	RB
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
or	CC
the	DT
supervisor\/director	NN
at	IN
the	DT
county	NN
office	NN
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
citizens	NNS
will	MD
first	RB
informally	RB
discuss	VB
their	PRP$
concerns	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
proper	JJ
administrator	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
filing	VBG
a	DT
formal	JJ
appeal	NN
under	IN
this	DT
procedure	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
resolved	VBN
informally	RB
,	,
the	DT
administrator	NN
shall	MD
provide	VB
the	DT
citizen	NN
with	IN
the	DT
proper	JJ
appeal	NN
form	NN
.	.
I.	NN
--	:
In	IN
the	DT
event	NN
that	IN
the	DT
concern	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
resolved	VBN
informally	RB
,	,
a	DT
formal	JJ
,	,
written	JJ
appeal	NN
may	MD
be	VB
filed	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
or	CC
school	NN
administrator	NN
by	IN
the	DT
citizen	NN
or	CC
by	IN
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
citizens	NNS
in	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
themselves	PRP
and	CC
all	DT
other	JJ
so	RB
affected	JJ
.	.
The	DT
appeal	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
on	IN
the	DT
prescribed	VBN
form	NN
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
signed	VBN
by	IN
all	DT
persons	NNS
filing	VBG
the	DT
appeal	NN
.	.
Should	MD
the	DT
principal	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
administrator	NN
be	VB
without	IN
authority	NN
to	TO
act	VB
on	IN
the	DT
appeal	NN
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
filed	VBN
directly	RB
with	IN
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
.	.
If	IN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
feels	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
appeal	NN
can	MD
be	VB
resolved	VBN
at	IN
Level	NNP
I	PRP
,	,
it	PRP
will	MD
immediately	RB
be	VB
referred	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
proper	JJ
administrator	NN
.	.
A	DT
written	VBN
decision	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Level	NNP
I	PRP
administrator	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
within	IN
ten	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
10	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
after	IN
receipt	NN
of	IN
the	DT
appeal	NN
.	.
Should	MD
either	RB
party	NN
request	NN
a	DT
conference	NN
at	IN
this	DT
level	NN
,	,
the	DT
Level	NNP
I	PRP
administrator	NN
will	MD
have	VB
five	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
5	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
additional	JJ
days	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
written	VBN
decision	NN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
decision	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
in	IN
favor	NN
of	IN
the	DT
citizen	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Level	NNP
II	NNP
appeal	NN
form	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
included	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
decision	NN
.	.
Level	NNP
I	PRP
administrator	NN
the	DT
aggrieved	JJ
citizen	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
may	MD
appeal	VB
the	DT
decision	NN
in	IN
writing	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
prescribed	VBN
form	NN
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
superintendent	NN
or	CC
his\/her	NN
designee	NN
shall	MD
,	,
within	IN
ten	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
10	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
,	,
have	VBP
a	DT
conference	NN
with	IN
the	DT
citizen	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
an	DT
attempt	NN
to	TO
resolve	VB
the	DT
appeal	NN
.	.
The	DT
superintendent	NN
or	CC
his\/her	NN
designee	NN
shall	MD
issue	VB
a	DT
written	VBN
decision	NN
within	IN
ten	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
10	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
following	VBG
this	DT
conference	NN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
decision	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
in	IN
favor	NN
of	IN
the	DT
citizen	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Level	NNP
III	NNP
appeal	NN
form	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
included	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
decision	NN
.	.
III	NNP
.	.
--	:
Within	IN
fifteen	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
15	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
of	IN
receiving	VBG
the	DT
decision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
,	,
the	DT
aggrieved	JJ
citizen	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
may	MD
appeal	VB
the	DT
decision	NN
in	IN
writing	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
prescribed	VBN
form	NN
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
The	DT
appeal	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
transmitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
who	WP
shall	MD
,	,
within	IN
three	CD
days	NNS
,	,
provide	VBP
a	DT
copy	NN
to	TO
each	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
Copies	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
prior	JJ
decisions	NNS
and	CC
all	DT
other	JJ
written	JJ
materials	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
grievance	NN
also	RB
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
board	NN
members	NNS
.	.
A	DT
hearing	NN
on	IN
the	DT
appeal	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
if	IN
requested	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
aggrieved	JJ
citizen	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
when	WRB
filing	VBG
the	DT
Level	NNP
III	NNP
appeal	NN
or	CC
if	IN
the	DT
board	NN
itself	PRP
determines	VBZ
that	IN
a	DT
hearing	NN
should	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
.	.
For	IN
an	DT
appeals	NNS
hearing	VBG
held	VBN
before	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
the	DT
usual	JJ
and	CC
customary	JJ
procedures	NNS
for	IN
administrative	JJ
hearing	NN
will	MD
prevail	VB
,	,
including	VBG
proper	JJ
notice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
hearing	NN
,	,
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
be	VB
represented	VBN
by	IN
counsel	NN
,	,
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
present	JJ
evidence	NN
and	CC
testimony	NN
,	,
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
call	VB
witnesses	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
cross-examine	VB
adverse	JJ
witnesses	NNS
.	.
A	DT
court	NN
reporter	NN
may	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
by	IN
either	DT
party	NN
.	.
When	WRB
a	DT
hearing	NN
is	VBZ
held	VBN
,	,
the	DT
decision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
will	MD
be	VB
by	IN
majority	NN
vote	NN
of	IN
those	DT
members	NNS
participating	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
hearing	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
rest	VB
solely	RB
upon	IN
the	DT
evidence	NN
properly	RB
presented	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
hearing	NN
.	.
A	DT
decision	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
rendered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
within	IN
twenty-five	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
25	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
following	VBG
receipt	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Level	NNP
III	NNP
appeal	NN
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
may	MD
affirm	VB
,	,
modify	VB
,	,
or	CC
reverse	VB
the	DT
Level	NNP
II	NNP
decision	NN
and	CC
require	VB
such	JJ
remedial	JJ
action	NN
as	IN
it	PRP
deems	VBZ
necessary	JJ
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
decision	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
in	IN
favor	NN
of	IN
the	DT
citizen	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Level	NNP
IV	NNP
appeal	NN
form	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
included	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
decision	NN
.	.
IV	NNP
.	.
--	:
If	IN
the	DT
aggrieved	JJ
citizen	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
not	RB
satisfied	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
decision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
the	DT
decision	NN
may	MD
be	VB
appealed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
appeal	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
within	IN
thirty	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
30	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
of	IN
receiving	VBG
the	DT
decision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
A	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Level	NNP
IV	NNP
appeal	NN
and	CC
any	DT
supporting	VBG
documents	NNS
shall	MD
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
be	VB
transmitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
.	.
Both	DT
the	DT
citizen	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
representatives	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
permitted	VBN
to	TO
appear	VB
before	IN
the	DT
impartial	JJ
review	NN
officer	NN
.	.
The	DT
hearing	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
conducted	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
usual	JJ
and	CC
customary	JJ
rules	NNS
governing	VBG
administrative	JJ
hearings	NNS
and	CC
shall	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
place	NN
designated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
impartial	JJ
review	NN
officer	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
agreement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
parties	NNS
,	,
the	DT
impartial	JJ
review	NN
officer	NN
may	MD
visit	VB
the	DT
county	NN
to	TO
secure	VB
additional	JJ
facts	NNS
and	CC
information	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
appeal	NN
.	.
The	DT
decision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
impartial	JJ
review	NN
officer	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
issued	VBN
within	IN
thirty	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
30	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
of	IN
receipt	NN
of	IN
the	DT
appeal	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
be	VB
final	JJ
unless	IN
altered	VBN
or	CC
set	VBN
aside	RB
by	IN
a	DT
court	NN
of	IN
competent	JJ
jurisdiction	NN
.	.
The	DT
decision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
impartial	JJ
review	NN
officer	NN
may	MD
be	VB
appealed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
court	NN
or	CC
review	NN
may	MD
be	VB
sought	VBN
by	IN
original	JJ
proceeding	NN
.	.
The	DT
Forms	NNS
for	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
are	VBP
provided	VBN
as	IN
PDF	NNP
documents	NNS
because	IN
of	IN
their	PRP$
formatting	NN
complexities	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
Adobe	NNP
Acrobat	NNP
Reader	NNP
to	TO
view\/print	VB
these	DT
forms	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
obtain	VB
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
Acrobat	NNP
Reader	NNP
from	IN
the	DT
Adobe	NNP
Website	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
http://www.adobe.com	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
county	NN
school	NN
systems	NNS
on	IN
or	CC
before	IN
July	NNP
1	CD
of	IN
each	DT
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
shall	MD
transmit	VB
information	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
through	IN
WVEIS	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Education	NNP
Information	NNP
System	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
unless	IN
otherwise	RB
specified	VBN
.	.
The	DT
information	NN
must	MD
be	VB
certified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
as	IN
accurate	JJ
and	CC
complete	JJ
and	CC
sent	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
by	IN
the	DT
specified	VBN
deadlines	NNS
for	IN
inclusion	NN
in	IN
the	DT
report	NN
card	NN
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Paine	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
assembly	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
great	JJ
strides	NNS
made	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
school	NN
system	NN
and	CC
recommended	VBD
that	IN
Dr.	NNP
Howard	NNP
O’Cull	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
School	NNP
Boards	NNPS
Association	NNP
,	,
be	VB
contacted	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
assistance	NN
to	TO
the	DT
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
board	NN
and	CC
also	RB
that	IN
Dr.	NNP
Superintendent	NN
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
Manchin	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
board	NN
work	NN
together	RB
to	TO
formulate	VB
a	DT
plan	NN
to	TO
return	VB
control	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
to	TO
the	DT
local	JJ
Board	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Johnson	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
Superintendent	NNP
Paine	NNP
make	VBP
the	DT
necessary	JJ
contacts	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
bring	VB
a	DT
proposed	VBN
plan	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
time	NN
.	.
Since	IN
initial	JJ
placement	NN
on	IN
comment	NN
,	,
the	DT
CSOs	NNS
have	VBP
undergone	VBN
alignment	NN
studies	NNS
by	IN
Dr.	NNP
Norman	NNP
Webb	NNP
,	,
Wisconsin	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Educational	NNP
Research	NNP
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
depth	NN
of	IN
knowledge	NN
levels	NNS
,	,
distribution	NN
and	CC
appropriateness	NN
;	:
a	DT
response	NN
report	NN
with	IN
recommendations	NNS
has	VBZ
been	VBN
received	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
21st	CD
Century	NNP
Partnership	NNP
,	,
and	CC
meetings	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
held	VBN
with	IN
business	NN
,	,
industry	NN
and	CC
government	NN
to	TO
receive	VB
guidance	NN
and	CC
input	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
this	DT
information	NN
additional	JJ
revisions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
CSOs	NNS
were	VBD
necessary	JJ
making	VBG
the	DT
former	JJ
versions	NNS
obsolete	JJ
and	CC
therefore	RB
must	MD
be	VB
withdrawn	VBN
from	IN
comment	NN
and	CC
the	DT
newly	RB
revised	VBN
versions	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
.	.
Seal	NNP
distributed	VBN
and	CC
presented	VBN
schools	NNS
recommended	VBD
for	IN
exemplary	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
.	.
The	DT
WVBE	NNP
annually	RB
reviews	VBZ
the	DT
performance	NN
data	NNS
for	IN
schools	NNS
and	CC
issues	NNS
an	DT
accreditation	NN
status	NN
to	TO
each	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
public	JJ
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
School	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
Summary	NNP
lists	VBZ
schools	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
Exemplary	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
schools	NNS
.	.
Committee	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
,	,
in	IN
collaboration	NN
with	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
WVDE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
conducted	VBD
a	DT
study	NN
of	IN
the	DT
accountability	NN
system	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
specifically	RB
to	TO
review	VB
annual	JJ
performance	NN
measures	NNS
,	,
high	JJ
quality	NN
standards	NNS
,	,
the	DT
accreditation	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
and	CC
approval	NN
status	NN
of	IN
counties	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
processes	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
utilized	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
OEPA	NNP
.	.
Committee	NNP
and	CC
read	VB
a	DT
letter	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Holocaust	NNP
Commission	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
provision	NN
of	IN
textbooks	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
middle	JJ
school	NN
level	NN
.	.
Following	VBG
discussion	NN
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
Paine	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
will	MD
follow-up	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Holocaust	NNP
Commission	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
textbook	NN
matter	NN
.	.
Mineral	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
,	,
who	WP
presented	VBD
a	DT
public	JJ
relations	NNS
document	NN
prepared	VBN
by	IN
Mineral	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Paine	NNP
distributed	VBD
a	DT
handout	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
State	NNP
Educational	NNP
Technology	NNP
Directors	NNS
Association	NNP
National	NNP
Leadership	NNP
Institute	NNP
and	CC
provided	VBD
a	DT
brief	JJ
update	VBP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
21st	JJ
century	NN
skills	NNS
initiative	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Copy	VB
appended	VBN
to	TO
Official	NNP
Minutes	NNPS
,	,
Attachment	NNP
K	NNP
and	CC
addenda	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Fish	NN
and	CC
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
requested	VBD
clarification	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
role	NN
,	,
function	NN
and	CC
contracted	VBD
time	NN
for	IN
psychologists	NNS
in	IN
correctional	JJ
facilities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Department	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
additional	JJ
information	NN
at	IN
the	DT
November	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
Jack	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
,	,
Deputy	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
provided	VBD
clarification	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
Department	NNP
personnel	NNS
matter	NN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
hiring	NN
of	IN
psychologists	NNS
and	CC
presented	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
personnel	NNS
items	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
The	DT
Department	NNP
will	MD
provide	VB
a	DT
more	RBR
detailed	JJ
report	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
hiring	NN
of	IN
psychologists	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
November	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
Schools	NNP
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
a	DT
process	NN
for	IN
the	DT
hiring	NN
of	IN
the	DT
RESA	NNP
I	PRP
executive	JJ
director	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
recommended	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
requirements	NNS
found	VBN
in	IN
Policy	NNP
3233	CD
,	,
Establishment	NN
and	CC
Operation	NN
of	IN
Regional	NNP
Education	NNP
Service	NNP
Agencies	NNPS
,	,
be	VB
waived	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
following	VBG
procedure	NN
be	VB
utilized	VBN
:	:
``	``
In	IN
filling	VBG
a	DT
vacancy	NN
in	IN
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
executive	JJ
director	NN
for	IN
the	DT
RESA	NNP
,	,
the	DT
regional	JJ
council	NN
shall	MD
consult	VB
with	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
qualifications	NNS
and	CC
leadership	NN
qualities	NNS
important	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
executive	JJ
director	NN
.	.
A	DT
mMembers	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
regional	JJ
council	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
county	NN
superintendent	NN
and	CC
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
member	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
will	MD
be	VB
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
regional	JJ
council	NN
to	TO
serve	VB
on	IN
the	DT
committee	NN
that	WDT
interviews	NNS
the	DT
applicants	NNS
for	IN
executive	JJ
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
RESA	NNP
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
shall	MD
recommend	VB
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
the	DT
person	NN
to	TO
fill	VB
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
executive	JJ
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
RESA	NNP
.	.
''	''
The	DT
language	NN
change	NN
was	VBD
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
a	DT
recent	JJ
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
RESA	NNP
study	NN
group	NN
.	.
Following	VBG
discussion	NN
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
consensus	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
that	IN
the	DT
process	NN
,	,
as	IN
recommended	VBN
and	CC
amended	VBN
,	,
be	VB
accepted	VBN
and	CC
remain	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
September	NNP
14	CD
,	,
2006	CD
Consent	NNP
Agenda	NNP
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
Childhood	NNP
Education	NNP
,	,
Middle	NNP
Childhood	NNP
Education	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Adolescent	NNP
Education	NNP
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
requested	VBD
clarification	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
selection	NN
of	IN
the	DT
advisory	JJ
committee	NN
and	CC
the	DT
committee	NN
's	POS
function	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
review	NN
of	IN
supplemental	JJ
materials	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
.	.
Education	NNP
Forum	NNP
,	,
was	VBD
a	DT
speaker	NN
at	IN
opening	NN
of	IN
Nicholas	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
,	,
met	VBD
with	IN
Regional	NNP
Education	NNP
Laboratory	NNP
representatives	NNS
,	,
and	CC
appeared	VBD
to	TO
provide	VB
testimony	NN
for	IN
an	DT
unemployment	NN
hearing	NN
for	IN
a	DT
former	JJ
WVBE	NNP
employee	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Mr.	NNP
Dunlevy	NNP
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Ms.	NNP
Phillips	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
moved	VBD
into	IN
Executive	NNP
session	NN
at	IN
11:37	CD
a.m.	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
matters	NNS
involving	VBG
attorney-client	JJ
privilege	NN
and	CC
personnel	NNS
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Cook	NNP
departed	VBD
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Division	NNP
of	IN
Student	NNP
Support	NN
Services	NNP
,	,
answered	VBN
questions	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
submission	NN
and	CC
approval	NN
process	NN
for	IN
WVBE-approved	JJ
programs	NNS
at	IN
nineteen	NN
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
.	.
The	DT
following	JJ
institutions	NNS
met	VBD
all	DT
criteria	NNS
requirements	NNS
and	CC
were	VBD
recommended	VBN
for	IN
approval	NN
for	IN
a	DT
period	NN
of	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
:	:
Bluefield	NNP
State	NNP
College	NNP
,	,
Concord	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
Glenville	NNP
State	NNP
College	NNP
,	,
Marshall	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
Ohio	NNP
Valley	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
State	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
University	NNP
at	IN
Parkersburg	NNP
and	CC
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Wesleyan	NNP
College	NNP
;	:
programs	NNS
at	IN
Alderson-Broaddus	NNP
College	NNP
,	,
Bethany	NNP
College	NNP
,	,
Salem	NNP
International	NNP
University	NNP
and	CC
Wheeling	NNP
Jesuit	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
not	RB
identified	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
asterisk	NN
in	IN
the	DT
attachment	NN
,	,
were	VBD
recommended	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
period	NN
of	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
those	DT
programs	NNS
identified	VBN
with	IN
an	DT
asterisk	NN
in	IN
the	DT
attachment	NN
were	VBD
recommended	VBN
for	IN
one-year	JJ
conditional	JJ
approval	NN
in	IN
order	NN
allow	VBP
each	DT
institution	NN
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
fulfill	VB
the	DT
expectations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
2006	CD
re-filing	NN
and	CC
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
;	:
and	CC
,	,
all	DT
programs	NNS
at	IN
Appalachian	NNP
Bible	NNP
College	NNP
,	,
Davis	NNP
&	CC
Elkins	NNP
College	NNP
,	,
Fairmont	NNP
State	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
Shepherd	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
University	NNP
of	IN
Charleston	NNP
and	CC
West	NNP
Liberty	NNP
State	NNP
College	NNP
were	VBD
recommended	VBN
one	CD
year	NN
conditional	JJ
approval	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
allow	VB
each	DT
institution	NN
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
fulfill	VB
the	DT
expectations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
2006	CD
re-filing	NN
and	CC
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
.	.
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
presented	VBD
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
the	DT
status	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
paperless	JJ
agenda	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Johnson	NNP
,	,
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
and	CC
Ms.	NNP
Phillps	NNP
provided	VBD
reports	NNS
regarding	VBG
activities	NNS
and	CC
events	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
have	VBP
participated	VBN
since	IN
the	DT
July	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Johnson	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
members	NNS
contact	VBP
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
executive	NN
secretary	NN
regarding	VBG
NASBE	NNP
conference	NN
attendance	NN
.	.
Following	VBG
discussion	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
NASBE	NNP
conference	NN
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
consensus	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
that	IN
President	NNP
Johnson	NNP
be	VB
designated	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
voting	NN
delegate	NN
,	,
that	IN
Vice	NNP
President	NNP
Cook	NNP
serve	VBP
as	IN
the	DT
alternate	JJ
voting	NN
delegate	NN
and	CC
that	IN
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
attend	VBP
the	DT
Healthy	JJ
Schools	NNP
Symposium	NNP
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Hamilton	NNP
provided	VBD
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
Wellness	NNP
Committee	NNP
activities	NNS
,	,
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Wellness	NNP
Committee	NNP
meet	VBP
prior	RB
to	TO
next	JJ
month	NN
's	POS
meeting	NN
and	CC
requested	VBD
that	IN
reports	NNS
regarding	VBG
physical	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
nutrition	NN
be	VB
provided	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
September	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
National	NNP
Affiliates	NNP
Convention	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Student	NNP
Television	NNP
Network	NNP
and	CC
also	RB
for	IN
their	PRP$
seven-minute	JJ
documentary	NN
about	IN
children	NNS
in	IN
foster	JJ
care	NN
entitled	VBN
``	``
Not	RB
Bad	JJ
Kids	NNS
''	''
which	WDT
was	VBD
a	DT
national	JJ
winner	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Robert	NNP
F.	NNP
Kennedy	NNP
Memorial	NNP
Journalism	NNP
Award	NNP
,	,
regional	JJ
winner	NN
in	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Student	NNP
Television	NNP
Contest	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Ohio	NNP
Valley	NNP
Chapter	NNP
,	,
and	CC
third	JJ
place	NN
winner	NN
in	IN
the	DT
category	NN
of	IN
documentary	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Student	NNP
Television	NNP
Network	NNP
Spring	NNP
National	NNP
.	.
Education	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
WVDE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
staff	NN
,	,
distributed	VBN
and	CC
presented	VBN
the	DT
report	NN
of	IN
findings	NNS
and	CC
recommendations	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
The	DT
WVBE	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
convene	VBP
a	DT
statewide	JJ
advisory	JJ
committee	NN
and	CC
four	CD
work	NN
teams	NNS
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
17	CD
tasks	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
statewide	JJ
Technology	NN
Strategic	NNP
Work	NNP
Plan	NNP
.	.
The	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
work	NN
are	VBP
detailed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
comprehensive	JJ
report	NN
of	IN
findings	NNS
and	CC
recommendations	NNS
.	.
Behind	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
NCLB	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
legislation	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
educate	VB
students	NNS
to	TO
mastery	VB
and	CC
beyond	IN
.	.
The	DT
motion	NN
was	VBD
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Mrs.	NNP
Cook	NNP
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
regarding	VBG
the	DT
study	NN
and	CC
upon	IN
the	DT
call	NN
for	IN
the	DT
question	NN
the	DT
motion	NN
was	VBD
carried	VBN
with	IN
eight	CD
members	NNS
voting	VBG
yes	RB
and	CC
one	CD
member	NN
voting	NN
no.	IN
President	NNP
Johnson	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
requested	VBD
items	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
considered	VBN
for	IN
placement	NN
on	IN
a	DT
future	JJ
agenda	NN
.	.
Items	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
July	NNP
agenda	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
Superintendent	NNP
Paine	NNP
or	CC
President	NNP
Johnson	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Johnson	NNP
requested	VBD
Ms.	NNP
Morgan	NNP
's	POS
preference	NN
as	IN
to	TO
how	WRB
she	PRP
wished	VBD
the	DT
discussion	NN
of	IN
possible	JJ
disciplinary	JJ
action	NN
to	TO
be	VB
conducted	VBN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Morgan	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
she	PRP
wished	VBD
the	DT
discussion	NN
to	TO
be	VB
conducted	VBN
in	IN
open	JJ
session	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Johnson	NNP
requested	VBD
Superintendent	NNP
Paine	NNP
's	POS
recommendation	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
appointment	NN
of	IN
an	DT
interim	JJ
executive	NN
director	NN
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Paine	NNP
recommended	VBD
that	IN
Mr.	NNP
William	NNP
K.	NNP
``	``
Bill	NNP
''	''
Grizzell	NNP
serve	VBP
as	IN
interim	JJ
executive	NN
director	NN
of	IN
RESA	NNP
I	PRP
for	IN
90	CD
days	NNS
or	CC
until	IN
such	JJ
time	NN
as	IN
Ms.	NNP
Morgan	NNP
returns	VBZ
to	TO
employment	NN
,	,
retires	VBZ
,	,
or	CC
until	IN
the	DT
search	NN
process	NN
for	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
executive	NN
director	NN
is	VBZ
completed	VBN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Hatfield	NNP
moved	VBD
and	CC
Mrs.	NNP
Cook	NNP
seconded	VBD
that	IN
Superintendent	NNP
Paine	NNP
's	POS
recommendation	NN
be	VB
accepted	VBN
.	.
The	DT
motion	NN
was	VBD
carried	VBN
unanimously	RB
.	.
Revisions	NNS
are	VBP
necessary	JJ
in	IN
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
to	TO
reflect	VB
recent	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
state	NN
legislation	NN
regarding	VBG
clinical	JJ
practice	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
student	NN
teaching	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
non-public	JJ
school	NN
settings	NNS
.	.
In	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
the	DT
revisions	NNS
regarding	VBG
clinical	JJ
practice	NN
,	,
changes	NNS
have	VBP
also	RB
been	VBN
made	VBN
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
field	NN
experiences	NNS
.	.
Revisions	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
necessary	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
option	NN
for	IN
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
to	TO
complete	VB
a	DT
joint	JJ
review	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Teacher	NN
Education	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
Council	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
State	NN
as	IN
the	DT
required	JJ
seven-year	JJ
review	NN
for	IN
continuing	VBG
program	NN
approval	NN
.	.
Language	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
added	VBN
to	TO
clarify	VB
the	DT
content	NN
to	TO
be	VB
addressed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
courses	NNS
required	VBN
in	IN
reading	VBG
for	IN
all	DT
teacher	NN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Additional	JJ
language	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
included	VBN
to	TO
clarify	VB
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
individuals	NNS
seeking	VBG
a	DT
special	JJ
education	NN
endorsement	NN
to	TO
have	VB
or	CC
obtain	VB
an	DT
endorsement	NN
in	IN
a	DT
core	NN
content	NN
area	NN
.	.
Language	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
included	VBN
to	TO
specify	VB
the	DT
hours	NNS
required	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
subject-specific	JJ
major	JJ
and	CC
minor	JJ
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
minimum	JJ
hour	NN
requirements	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
content	NN
included	VBD
in	IN
elementary	JJ
K-6	NNP
and	CC
middle	JJ
level	NN
5-9	CD
programs	NNS
.	.
A	DT
requirement	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
included	VBN
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
that	IN
all	DT
individuals	NNS
must	MD
pass	VB
the	DT
WVBE-requirement	JJ
preprofessional	NN
skills	NNS
exam	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Praxis	NNPS
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
formal	JJ
admission	NN
to	TO
a	DT
WVBE-approved	JJ
educator	NN
preparation	NN
program	NN
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
language	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
included	VBN
requiring	VBG
institutions	NNS
to	TO
submit	VB
information	NN
for	IN
an	DT
annual	JJ
higher	JJR
education	NN
report	NN
card	NN
.	.
Representatives	NNS
of	IN
key	JJ
stakeholder	NN
groups	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
invited	VBN
to	TO
review	VB
these	DT
recommended	VBN
revisions	NNS
before\/during	VBG
the	DT
public	JJ
comment	NN
period	NN
.	.
Revisions	NNS
are	VBP
needed	VBN
in	IN
Policy	NNP
5202	CD
to	TO
reflect	VB
recent	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
state	NN
legislation	NN
regarding	VBG
:	:
reimbursement	NN
for	IN
educators	NNS
who	WP
hold	VBP
national	JJ
certification	NN
in	IN
Speech-Language	NNP
Pathology	NNP
,	,
Audiology	NNP
or	CC
Counseling	NN
,	,
and	CC
teachers	NNS
eligible	NN
for	IN
reimbursement	NN
for	IN
National	NNP
Board	NNP
certification	NN
.	.
Language	NN
has	VBZ
also	RB
been	VBN
added	VBN
to	TO
allow	VB
persons	NNS
who	WP
hold	VBP
certification	NN
from	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Registered	NNP
Nurses	NNPS
to	TO
be	VB
granted	VBN
a	DT
Temporary	JJ
Authorization	NN
as	IN
a	DT
School	NNP
Nurse	NNP
,	,
valid	JJ
for	IN
one	CD
year	NN
,	,
in	IN
situations	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
no	DT
fully	RB
certified	VBN
school	NN
nurse	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
.	.
Language	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
added	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
credential	NN
for	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
positions	NNS
of	IN
Technology	NNP
Integration	NNP
Specialists	NNPS
,	,
Educational	NNP
Interpreter	NNP
,	,
Apprenticeship	NNP
in	IN
Child	NNP
Development	NNP
Specialist	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ACDS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
Chief	NNP
Facilities	NNP
Official	NNP
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
minor	JJ
revisions	NNS
are	VBP
needed	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
make	VB
formatting	NN
and	CC
editing	NN
changes	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
references	NNS
to	TO
21st	CD
Century	NNP
Skills	NNS
,	,
when	WRB
appropriate	JJ
.	.
Representatives	NNS
of	IN
key	JJ
stakeholder	NN
groups	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
invited	VBN
to	TO
review	VB
these	DT
recommended	VBN
revisions	NNS
before\/during	VBG
the	DT
public	JJ
comment	NN
period	NN
.	.
WVSSAC	NNP
Series	NNP
2	CD
and	CC
3	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Each	DT
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
principals	NNS
of	IN
member	NN
schools	NNS
submit	VBP
revisions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
rules	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
twelve	CD
proposals	NNS
were	VBD
voted	VBN
on	IN
at	IN
the	DT
annual	JJ
Board	NNP
of	IN
Control	NNP
meeting	NN
for	IN
presentation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
for	IN
review	NN
and	CC
approval	NN
.	.
Vice	NNP
President	NNP
Cook	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
requested	VBD
items	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
considered	VBN
for	IN
placement	NN
on	IN
a	DT
future	JJ
agenda	NN
.	.
Items	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
June	NNP
agenda	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
Superintendent	NNP
Paine	NNP
or	CC
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
executive	NN
secretary	NN
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
moved	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
reconsider	VB
the	DT
action	NN
found	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
March	NNP
9	CD
,	,
2006	CD
minutes	NNS
at	IN
number	NN
seven	CD
on	IN
page	NN
two	CD
regarding	VBG
the	DT
amendment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
Comprehensive	NNP
Educational	NNP
Facilities	NNP
Plan	NNP
and	CC
specifically	RB
the	DT
closure	NN
of	IN
Harts	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Hatfield	NNP
called	VBD
for	IN
a	DT
point	NN
of	IN
order	NN
in	IN
that	DT
such	JJ
a	DT
motion	NN
can	MD
only	RB
be	VB
made	VBN
by	IN
one	CD
who	WP
voted	VBD
with	IN
the	DT
prevailing	JJ
side	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Johnson	NNP
called	VBD
for	IN
a	DT
motion	NN
from	IN
the	DT
prevailing	JJ
side	NN
;	:
no	DT
motion	NN
from	IN
the	DT
prevailing	JJ
side	NN
was	VBD
offered	VBN
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
requested	VBD
an	DT
explanation	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
change	NN
in	IN
the	DT
process	NN
used	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
facility	NN
reviews	VBZ
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Bill	NNP
Elswick	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
School	NNP
Facilities	NNPS
,	,
Division	NNP
of	IN
Student	NNP
Support	NN
Services	NNP
,	,
distributed	VBN
information	NN
and	CC
provided	VBD
clarification	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
facility	NN
review	NN
process	NN
.	.
Following	VBG
discussion	NN
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
Paine	NNP
stated	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
study	NN
of	IN
the	DT
process	NN
will	MD
be	VB
undertaken	VBN
prior	RB
to	TO
future	JJ
reviews	NNS
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBN
during	IN
which	WDT
clarification	NN
was	VBD
provided	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
position	NN
statement	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
guidance	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
regulatory	JJ
in	IN
nature	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
this	DT
assurance	NN
,	,
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
and	CC
Ms.	NNP
Hatfield	NNP
withdrew	VBD
their	PRP$
motion	NN
to	TO
table	NN
and	CC
upon	IN
the	DT
call	NN
for	IN
the	DT
question	NN
the	DT
original	JJ
motion	NN
was	VBD
carried	VBN
unanimously	RB
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Erwin	NNP
Conrad	NNP
,	,
attorney	NN
for	IN
RESA	NNP
I	NNP
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
his	PRP$
opinion	NN
as	IN
to	TO
the	DT
proper	JJ
procedure	NN
for	IN
disciplinary	JJ
action	NN
against	IN
a	DT
RESA	NNP
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
and	CC
reported	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
of	IN
RESA	NNP
I	PRP
has	VBZ
tendered	VBN
her	PRP$
resignation	NN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
term	NN
and	CC
that	DT
said	VBD
resignation	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
accepted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
regional	JJ
council	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Conrad	NNP
requested	VBD
a	DT
continuance	NN
and	CC
that	IN
any	DT
debate	NN
regarding	VBG
disciplinary	JJ
action	NN
be	VB
held	VBN
in	IN
open	JJ
session	NN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Deskins	NNP
stated	VBD
that	IN
no	DT
hearing	NN
was	VBD
contemplated	VBN
,	,
as	IN
evidenced	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
provided	VBD
clarification	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
rights	NNS
of	IN
at-will	NN
employees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
explained	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
motion	NN
to	TO
continue	VB
was	VBD
improper	JJ
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
regarding	VBG
the	DT
noticing	VBG
of	IN
meetings	NNS
,	,
agenda	NN
item	NN
language	NN
,	,
action	NN
from	IN
the	DT
previous	JJ
meeting	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
disciplinary	JJ
action	NN
against	IN
the	DT
RESA	NNP
I	NNP
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
timeline	NN
for	IN
Ms.	NNP
Morgan	NNP
's	POS
return	NN
to	TO
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
moved	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
delay	NN
action	NN
on	IN
the	DT
consideration	NN
of	IN
disciplinary	JJ
action	NN
against	IN
the	DT
RESA	NNP
I	NNP
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
for	IN
ten	CD
to	TO
12	CD
days	NNS
and	CC
that	IN
Ms.	NNP
Morgan	NNP
be	VB
directed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
attendance	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
to	TO
consider	VB
this	DT
issue	NN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
amended	VBD
her	PRP$
motion	NN
to	TO
state	NN
that	IN
any	DT
action	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
consideration	NN
of	IN
disciplinary	JJ
action	NN
against	IN
the	DT
RESA	NNP
I	NNP
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
be	VB
delayed	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
date	NN
to	TO
be	VB
determined	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
later	JJ
time	NN
and	CC
that	IN
Ms.	NNP
Morgan	NNP
be	VB
directed	VBN
to	TO
attend	VB
said	VBD
meeting	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
announced	VBD
on-site	JJ
reviews	NNS
were	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
New	NNP
Martinsville	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
Short	NNP
Line	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Wetzel	NNP
County	NNP
February	NNP
21	CD
,	,
2006	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
reviews	NNS
which	WDT
were	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
performance	NN
and	CC
progress	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Paine	NNP
recommended	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
amendment	NN
be	VB
approved	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
exception	NN
of	IN
the	DT
request	NN
to	TO
allow	VB
Harts	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
to	TO
remain	VB
open	JJ
for	IN
one	CD
year	NN
and	CC
to	TO
be	VB
re-evaluated	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
close	NN
of	IN
that	DT
year	NN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Heather	NNP
Deskins	NNP
,	,
General	NNP
Counsel	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
,	,
distributed	VBN
information	NN
and	CC
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
sale	NN
of	IN
Hampshire	NNP
County	NNP
property	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Hampshire	NNP
County	NNP
Development	NNP
Authority	NNP
.	.
Blind	NNP
.	.
The	DT
gift	NN
came	VBD
with	IN
a	DT
lease	NN
for	IN
four	CD
radio	NN
towers	NNS
that	WDT
sit	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
property	NN
.	.
A	DT
private	JJ
corporation	NN
wished	VBD
to	TO
purchase	VB
the	DT
property	NN
for	IN
$	$
180,000	CD
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
a	DT
recently	RB
completed	VBN
appraisal	NN
.	.
After	IN
much	JJ
thought	NN
and	CC
review	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Attorney	NNP
General	NNP
's	POS
Office	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
recommended	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
transaction	NN
be	VB
structured	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
sale	NN
to	TO
a	DT
public	JJ
development	NN
corporation	NN
,	,
Hampshire	NNP
County	NNP
Development	NNP
Authority	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
HCDA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
for	IN
$	$
180,000	CD
and	CC
that	IN
the	DT
lease	NN
be	VB
assigned	VBN
to	TO
HCDA	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
further	JJ
recommended	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
should	MD
also	RB
sign	VB
the	DT
contract	NN
and	CC
the	DT
deed	NN
,	,
because	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
exists	VBZ
to	TO
carry	VB
out	RP
the	DT
work	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Superintendent	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Board	NNP
has	VBZ
statutory	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
buy	VB
and	CC
sell	VB
land	NN
for	IN
the	DT
benefit	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Blind	NNP
.	.
Jim	NNP
Welton	NNP
,	,
retired	VBD
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
school	NN
system	NN
administrator	NN
and	CC
author	NN
of	IN
the	DT
investigative	JJ
report	NN
,	,
provided	VBD
an	DT
in-depth	JJ
overview	NN
of	IN
the	DT
process	NN
utilized	VBN
in	IN
developing	VBG
the	DT
investigative	JJ
report	NN
and	CC
discussed	VBD
the	DT
report	NN
's	POS
findings	NNS
and	CC
recommendations	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Sherman	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Boone	NNP
County	NNP
January	NNP
10	CD
,	,
2006	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
performance	NN
and	CC
progress	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Cabell	NNP
County	NNP
January	NNP
18	CD
,	,
2006	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
performance	NN
and	CC
progress	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
issued	VBD
concern	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
instructional	JJ
time	NN
for	IN
reading	NN
and	CC
English\/language	NNP
arts	NNS
waiver	NN
request	NN
and	CC
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
requested	VBD
clarification	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
physical	JJ
examination	NN
of	IN
school	NN
bus	NN
operators	NNS
waiver	NN
request	NN
.	.
Wellness	NNP
Committee	NNP
activities	NNS
.	.
President	NNP
Johnson	NNP
provided	VBD
a	DT
report	NN
of	IN
activities	NNS
he	PRP
has	VBZ
undertaken	VBN
since	IN
the	DT
January	NNP
meeting	NN
and	CC
requested	VBD
a	DT
motion	NN
to	TO
move	VB
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
from	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
State	NNP
Boards	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
's	POS
-LRB-	-LRB-
NASBE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
northeast	NN
region	NN
to	TO
the	DT
southern	JJ
region	NN
.	.
CDC	NNP
Wellness	NNP
Policy	NNP
Institute	NNP
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
provided	VBD
a	DT
report	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
policy	NN
institute	NN
and	CC
also	RB
regarding	VBG
her	PRP$
participation	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Institute	NNP
of	IN
Medicine	NNP
Committee	NNP
on	IN
Nutrition	NNP
Standards	NNP
for	IN
Foods	NNP
in	IN
Schools	NNP
.	.
Dr.	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
presented	VBD
the	DT
proposed	VBN
meeting	NN
schedule	NN
for	IN
FY	NNP
2007	CD
and	CC
suggested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
schedule	NN
a	DT
visit	NN
to	TO
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBN
during	IN
which	WDT
it	PRP
was	VBD
requested	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
October	NNP
dates	NNS
be	VB
changes	NNS
to	TO
October	NNP
4	CD
and	CC
5	CD
and	CC
that	IN
the	DT
October	NNP
meeting	NN
take	VB
place	NN
in	IN
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
and	CC
to	TO
report	VB
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
that	DT
investigation	NN
along	IN
with	IN
recommendations	NNS
for	IN
any	DT
necessary	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
such	JJ
policies	NNS
,	,
practices	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
at	IN
such	JJ
time	NN
as	IN
the	DT
investigation	NN
is	VBZ
completed	VBN
;	:
and	CC
,	,
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
appoint	VBP
a	DT
designee	NN
to	TO
manage	VB
and	CC
oversee	VB
all	DT
financial	JJ
functions	NNS
of	IN
RESA	NNP
I	PRP
and	CC
that	IN
the	DT
RESA	NNP
I	NNP
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
defer	VB
all	DT
financial	JJ
responsibilities	NNS
to	TO
that	DT
designee	NN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Phillips	NNP
seconded	VBD
the	DT
motion	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
carried	VBN
unanimously	RB
.	.
President	NNP
Johnson	NNP
requested	VBD
a	DT
motion	NN
that	IN
``	``
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
support	VBP
a	DT
salary	NN
increase	NN
for	IN
all	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
employees	NNS
.	.
''	''
Mr.	NNP
Dunlevy	NNP
moved	VBD
and	CC
Ms.	NNP
Hatfield	NNP
seconded	VBD
the	DT
motion	NN
.	.
Following	VBG
discussion	NN
and	CC
upon	IN
the	DT
call	NN
for	IN
the	DT
question	NN
the	DT
motion	NN
carried	VBD
unanimously	RB
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensured	VBD
during	IN
which	WDT
several	JJ
dates	NNS
in	IN
May	NNP
and	CC
June	NNP
were	VBD
discussed	VBN
.	.
Items	NNS
for	IN
consideration	NN
for	IN
the	DT
retreat	NN
agenda	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
President	NNP
Johnson	NNP
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Jack	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
,	,
Deputy	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
executive	NN
secretary	NN
.	.
Further	JJ
discussion	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
retreat	NN
will	MD
occur	VB
at	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
March	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
OEPA	NNP
that	IN
the	DT
Hampshire	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
be	VB
issued	VBN
nonapproval	JJ
status	NN
and	CC
that	IN
extraordinary	JJ
circumstances	NNS
exist	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
that	WDT
constitute	VBP
major	JJ
impediments	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
provision	NN
of	IN
education	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
specifically	RB
recommended	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
county	NN
superintendent	NN
be	VB
declared	VBN
vacant	JJ
and	CC
that	IN
the	DT
authority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Hampshire	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
be	VB
limited	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
personnel	NNS
and	CC
finance	NN
until	IN
such	JJ
time	NN
that	IN
all	DT
deficiencies	NNS
are	VBP
resolved	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
system	NN
is	VBZ
providing	VBG
a	DT
thorough	JJ
and	CC
efficient	JJ
educational	JJ
program	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Ritchie	NNP
County	NNP
November	NNP
30	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
performance	NN
and	CC
progress	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
Future	NNP
Task	NNP
Force	NNP
Report	NNP
,	,
revision	NN
of	IN
Policy	NNP
4110	CD
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
.	.
Proposed	VBN
revisions	NNS
include	VBP
flexibility	NN
in	IN
defining	VBG
compulsory	JJ
school	NN
attendance	NN
age	NN
limits	NNS
based	VBN
upon	IN
anticipated	VBN
code	NN
changes	NNS
;	:
adjustment	NN
in	IN
the	DT
minute	NN
requirement	NN
for	IN
half-day	JJ
attendance	NN
;	:
parental	JJ
response	NN
time	NN
;	:
definition	NN
of	IN
satisfactory	JJ
attendance	NN
to	TO
reinstate	VB
driver	NN
's	POS
license	NN
;	:
work	NN
permit	NN
provisions	NNS
;	:
and	CC
,	,
guidelines	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
excused	VBN
and	CC
unexcused	JJ
absences	NNS
,	,
provision	NN
for	IN
makeup	NN
work	NN
,	,
and	CC
attendance	NN
incentives	NNS
.	.
Policy	NN
4110	CD
will	MD
be	VB
recommended	VBN
for	IN
placement	NN
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
during	IN
the	DT
High	NNP
Schools	NNP
for	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
Future	NNP
Task	NNP
Force	NNP
Report	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
January	NNP
12	CD
agenda	NN
.	.
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
Reports	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Johnson	NNP
provided	VBD
a	DT
report	NN
of	IN
activities	NNS
undertaken	VBN
since	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
January	NNP
meeting	NN
and	CC
appointed	VBN
a	DT
Board	NNP
Employee	NNP
Evaluation	NNP
Committee	NNP
consisting	VBG
of	IN
Ms.	NNP
Phillips	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
chair	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
Mr.	NNP
Dunlevy	NNP
and	CC
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
,	,
charged	VBN
with	IN
examining	VBG
Board	NNP
employee	NN
appraisal	NN
instruments	NNS
and	CC
facilitating	VBG
the	DT
evaluation	NN
process	NN
for	IN
2006	CD
.	.
Department	NNP
personnel	NNS
attachment	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
information	NN
,	,
provided	VBD
an	DT
informational	JJ
update	VBP
regarding	VBG
Department	NNP
matters	VBZ
and	CC
events	NNS
,	,
and	CC
requested	VBD
that	IN
Dr.	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
address	NN
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
retirement	NN
of	IN
two	CD
employees	NNS
.	.
For	IN
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
acts	NNS
included	VBD
in	IN
this	DT
publication	NN
,	,
the	DT
format	NN
is	VBZ
as	IN
follows	VBZ
:	:
effective	JJ
dates	NNS
,	,
date	NN
signed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
governor	NN
,	,
code	NN
reference	NN
,	,
topic	NN
,	,
introduction	NN
,	,
major	JJ
new	JJ
provisions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
special	JJ
notes	NNS
and	CC
comments	NNS
.	.
As	IN
time	NN
constraints	NNS
have	VBP
not	RB
permitted	VBN
an	DT
in-depth	JJ
analysis	NN
of	IN
the	DT
1998	CD
bills	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
regular	JJ
session	NN
,	,
it	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
emphasized	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
information	NN
provided	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
document	NN
must	MD
not	RB
be	VB
considered	VBN
as	IN
official	JJ
interpretations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
.	.
Formal	JJ
interpretations	NNS
to	TO
specific	JJ
questions	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
upon	IN
request	NN
.	.
Session	NN
-	:
1998	CD
will	MD
be	VB
of	IN
considerable	JJ
value	NN
during	IN
the	DT
coming	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
Suggestions	NNS
for	IN
improving	VBG
this	DT
document	NN
as	IN
a	DT
service	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Department	NNP
's	POS
clientele	NNS
are	VBP
always	RB
welcome	JJ
.	.
As	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
first	JJ
year	NN
for	IN
electronic	JJ
mail	NN
as	IN
the	DT
primary	JJ
delivery	NN
means	VBZ
,	,
your	PRP$
comments	NNS
on	IN
this	DT
delivery	NN
are	VBP
particularly	RB
welcome	JJ
.	.
The	DT
legislature	NN
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
constitutional	JJ
requirement	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
thorough	JJ
and	CC
efficient	JJ
education	NN
to	TO
the	DT
children	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
and	CC
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
education	NN
to	TO
the	DT
future	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
state	NN
,	,
a	DT
broad-based	JJ
public	JJ
policy	NN
discussion	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
occur	VB
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
state	NN
leaders	NNS
in	IN
determining	VBG
appropriate	JJ
assessment	NN
and	CC
accountability	NN
models	NNS
including	VBG
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
,	,
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
ways	NNS
to	TO
communicate	VB
the	DT
goals	NNS
that	WDT
county	NN
school	NN
systems	NNS
,	,
schools	NNS
,	,
teachers	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
are	VBP
expected	VBN
to	TO
achieve	VB
;	:
aligning	VBG
assessments	NNS
with	IN
curriculum	NN
;	:
assuring	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
degree	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
particular	JJ
uses	NNS
and	CC
interpretations	NNS
of	IN
assessment	NN
results	NNS
are	VBP
valid	JJ
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
degree	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
assessment	NN
results	NNS
are	VBP
free	JJ
of	IN
measurement	NN
error	NN
.	.
The	DT
Joint	NNP
Committee	NNP
on	IN
Government	NNP
and	CC
Finance	NNP
is	VBZ
hereby	RB
requested	VBN
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
select	JJ
committee	NN
consisting	VBG
of	IN
representatives	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
interested	JJ
and	CC
affected	JJ
parties	NNS
who	WP
will	MD
undertake	VB
a	DT
study	NN
of	IN
assessment	NN
models	NNS
and	CC
accountability	NN
measures	NNS
for	IN
public	JJ
education	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
its	PRP$
effectiveness	NN
and	CC
efficiency	NN
in	IN
meeting	VBG
the	DT
objectives	NNS
and	CC
goals	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
Requesting	VBG
the	DT
Joint	NNP
Committee	NNP
on	IN
Government	NNP
and	CC
Finance	NNP
undertake	VBP
a	DT
study	NN
of	IN
assessment	NN
and	CC
accountability	NN
models	NNS
to	TO
measure	VB
the	DT
progress	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
in	IN
obtaining	VBG
a	DT
high	JJ
quality	NN
education	NN
.	.
Further	JJ
Resolved	VBN
,	,
That	IN
the	DT
Clerk	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Senate	NNP
is	VBZ
hereby	RB
directed	VBN
to	TO
forward	RB
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
this	DT
resolution	NN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
and	CC
to	TO
the	DT
President	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
for	IN
distribution	NN
to	TO
each	DT
member	NN
thereof	RB
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
of	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
interest	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
to	TO
have	VB
an	DT
effective	JJ
and	CC
comprehensive	JJ
delivery	NN
system	NN
for	IN
community	NN
and	CC
technical	JJ
college	NN
education	NN
and	CC
,	,
because	IN
of	IN
its	PRP$
importance	NN
to	TO
the	DT
economic	JJ
and	CC
cultural	JJ
well	RB
being	VBG
of	IN
state	NN
residents	NNS
,	,
a	DT
broad-based	JJ
public	JJ
policy	NN
discussion	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
occur	VB
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
in	IN
determining	VBG
appropriate	JJ
governance	NN
,	,
programmatic	JJ
and	CC
funding	NN
models	NNS
for	IN
community	NN
and	CC
technical	JJ
college	NN
education	NN
.	.
The	DT
Joint	NNP
Committee	NNP
on	IN
Government	NNP
and	CC
Finance	NNP
is	VBZ
requested	VBN
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
select	JJ
committee	NN
consisting	VBG
of	IN
representatives	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
interested	JJ
and	CC
affected	JJ
parties	NNS
who	WP
will	MD
undertake	VB
a	DT
study	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
community	NN
and	CC
technical	JJ
colleges	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
to	TO
determine	VB
their	PRP$
effectiveness	NN
and	CC
efficiency	NN
in	IN
meeting	VBG
the	DT
objectives	NNS
and	CC
goals	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
Requesting	VBG
the	DT
Joint	NNP
Committee	NNP
on	IN
Government	NNP
and	CC
Finance	NNP
to	TO
undertake	VB
a	DT
study	NN
of	IN
the	DT
role	NN
,	,
responsibilities	NNS
,	,
governance	NN
structure	NN
and	CC
funding	NN
models	NNS
for	IN
public	JJ
community	NN
and	CC
technical	JJ
colleges	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Three	CD
members	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
Senate	NNP
,	,
one	CD
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
cochair	NN
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Senate	NNP
,	,
and	CC
three	CD
members	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
House	NNP
of	IN
Delegates	NNPS
,	,
one	CD
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
cochair	NN
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
the	DT
House	NNP
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
President	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Senate	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Speaker	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
House	NNP
respectively	RB
;	:
the	DT
Secretary	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Arts	NNS
or	CC
a	DT
designee	NN
;	:
the	DT
Chancellor	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
System	NNP
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
or	CC
a	DT
designee	NN
;	:
the	DT
Chancellor	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
College	NNP
System	NNP
or	CC
a	DT
designee	NN
;	:
the	DT
Vice	NNP
Chancellor	NNP
of	IN
Community	NNP
Colleges	NNP
;	:
one	CD
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
College	NNP
System	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
selected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Directors	NNS
;	:
one	CD
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
System	NNP
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Trustees	NNPS
to	TO
be	VB
selected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Trustees	NNPS
;	:
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
or	CC
a	DT
designee	NN
;	:
one	CD
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
State	NNP
School	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
be	VB
selected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
;	:
and	CC
four	CD
persons	NNS
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Governor	NNP
,	,
one	CD
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
representative	NN
of	IN
business	NN
,	,
one	CD
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
representative	NN
of	IN
labor	NN
and	CC
industry	NN
,	,
one	CD
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
representative	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
and	CC
training	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
one	CD
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
representative	NN
of	IN
vocational-technical-occupational	JJ
education	NN
.	.
Of	IN
these	DT
four	CD
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Governor	NNP
,	,
one	CD
shall	MD
be	VB
from	IN
each	DT
congressional	JJ
district	NN
within	IN
the	DT
state	NN
and	CC
not	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
shall	MD
belong	VB
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
political	JJ
party	NN
.	.
This	DT
Act	NNP
adds	VBZ
a	DT
new	JJ
article	NN
5E	CD
to	TO
Chapter	NNP
21	CD
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
,	,
titled	VBN
``	``
Equal	NNP
Pay	VB
for	IN
equal	JJ
work	NN
for	IN
state	NN
employees	NNS
,	,
''	''
to	TO
provide	VB
state	NN
employees	NNS
equal	JJ
pay	NN
for	IN
work	NN
of	IN
comparable	JJ
character	NN
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
gender	NN
,	,
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
commission	NN
to	TO
study	VB
a	DT
gender	NN
discrimination	NN
prohibition	NN
and	CC
to	TO
establish	VB
a	DT
procedure	NN
to	TO
remedy	VB
complaints	NNS
of	IN
equal	JJ
pay	NN
for	IN
work	NN
of	IN
comparable	JJ
character	NN
.	.
AN	DT
ACT	NN
to	TO
amend	VB
chapter	NN
twenty-one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
code	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
thirty-one	CD
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
,	,
by	IN
adding	VBG
thereto	RB
a	DT
new	JJ
article	NN
,	,
designated	VBN
article	NN
five-e	NN
,	,
relating	VBG
to	TO
requiring	VBG
equal	JJ
pay	NN
for	IN
equal	JJ
work	NN
for	IN
state	NN
employees	NNS
;	:
setting	VBG
forth	RB
legislative	JJ
findings	NNS
and	CC
purpose	NN
;	:
defining	VBG
terms	NNS
;	:
prohibiting	VBG
the	DT
state	NN
from	IN
discriminating	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
gender	NN
in	IN
payment	NN
of	IN
wages	NNS
for	IN
work	NN
of	IN
comparable	JJ
character	NN
;	:
creating	VBG
right	NN
of	IN
action	NN
;	:
establishing	VBG
the	DT
equal	JJ
pay	NN
commission	NN
;	:
providing	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
appointment	NN
of	IN
members	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
expiration	NN
of	IN
commission	NN
;	:
setting	VBG
forth	RB
duties	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
commission	NN
;	:
authorizing	VBG
commission	NN
to	TO
promulgate	VB
legislative	JJ
rules	NNS
;	:
and	CC
establishing	VBG
operative	JJ
date	NN
.	.
This	DT
bill	NN
authorizes	VBZ
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
to	TO
provide	VB
education	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
juveniles	NNS
placed	VBN
in	IN
secure	JJ
predispositional	JJ
detention	NN
centers	NNS
operated	VBN
by	IN
or	CC
under	IN
contract	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Division	NN
of	IN
Juvenile	NNP
Services	NNPS
.	.
This	DT
bill	NN
also	RB
provides	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
accrual	NN
of	IN
seniority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
professional	JJ
and	CC
service	NN
personnel	NNS
employed	VBN
in	IN
educational	JJ
facilities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
and	CC
Human	NNP
Resources	NNPS
,	,
Corrections	NNPS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
schools	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
deaf	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
blind	JJ
operated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
was	VBD
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
educational	JJ
facility	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
operated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
facility	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
immediately	RB
prior	RB
to	TO
its	PRP$
operation	NN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Department	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
accrues	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
length	NN
of	IN
time	NN
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
facility	NN
.	.
An	DT
employee	NN
may	MD
also	RB
retain	VB
seniority	NN
from	IN
employment	NN
with	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
at	IN
the	DT
facility	NN
and	CC
attain	VB
continuing	VBG
contract	NN
status	NN
with	IN
both	DT
the	DT
county	NN
and	CC
the	DT
facility	NN
if	IN
the	DT
sum	NN
of	IN
years	NNS
from	IN
both	DT
equals	VBZ
the	DT
number	NN
required	VBN
by	IN
statute	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
thirty-one	CD
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
;	:
and	CC
to	TO
amend	VB
article	NN
five-e	JJ
,	,
chapter	NN
forty-nine	CD
of	IN
said	VBD
code	NN
by	IN
adding	VBG
thereto	RB
a	DT
new	JJ
section	NN
,	,
designated	VBN
section	NN
six	CD
,	,
all	DT
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
provision	NN
of	IN
education	NN
opportunities	NNS
to	TO
juveniles	NNS
in	IN
secure	JJ
predispositional	JJ
detention	NN
centers	NNS
;	:
providing	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
state	NN
department	NN
of	IN
education	NN
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
providing	VBG
education	NN
opportunities	NNS
to	TO
such	JJ
juveniles	NNS
;	:
and	CC
providing	VBG
seniority	NN
rights	NNS
to	TO
certain	JJ
education	NN
employees	NNS
working	VBG
at	IN
the	DT
secure	JJ
predispositional	JJ
detention	NN
centers	NNS
.	.
Provided	VBN
further	RBR
,	,
That	DT
seniority	NN
for	IN
the	DT
professional	JJ
personnel	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
determined	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
the	DT
length	NN
of	IN
time	NN
that	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
professionally	RB
employed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
facility	NN
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
which	WDT
state	NN
agency	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
actual	JJ
employer	NN
.	.
AN	DT
ACT	NN
to	TO
amend	VB
chapter	NN
eighteen	NN
of	IN
the	DT
code	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
thirty-one	CD
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
,	,
by	IN
adding	VBG
thereto	RB
a	DT
new	JJ
article	NN
,	,
designated	VBN
article	NN
ten-j	NN
,	,
relating	VBG
to	TO
requiring	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
individualized	JJ
education	NN
program	NN
of	IN
each	DT
blind	JJ
or	CC
visually	RB
impaired	JJ
child	NN
include	VBP
provisions	NNS
for	IN
instruction	NN
in	IN
braille	NN
and	CC
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
braille	NN
appropriate	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
child	NN
's	POS
current	JJ
and	CC
future	JJ
literacy	NN
needs	NNS
;	:
establishing	VBG
standards	NNS
of	IN
proficiency	NN
and	CC
instruction	NN
;	:
providing	VBG
materials	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
computer-accessible	JJ
format	NN
capable	JJ
of	IN
braille	NN
reproduction	NN
;	:
and	CC
requiring	VBG
the	DT
certification	NN
of	IN
teachers	NNS
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
braille	NN
literacy	NN
standards	NNS
.	.
In	IN
developing	VBG
the	DT
individualized	JJ
education	NN
program	NN
for	IN
a	DT
child	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
blind	JJ
or	CC
visually	RB
impaired	VBN
,	,
the	DT
individualized	JJ
education	NN
program	NN
team	NN
shall	MD
provide	VB
for	IN
the	DT
child	NN
to	TO
receive	VB
instruction	NN
in	IN
braille	NN
and	CC
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
braille	NN
unless	IN
the	DT
individualized	JJ
education	NN
program	NN
team	NN
determines	VBZ
,	,
after	IN
an	DT
evaluation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
child	NN
's	POS
reading	NN
and	CC
writing	VBG
skills	NNS
,	,
needs	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
appropriate	JJ
reading	NN
and	CC
writing	VBG
media	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
an	DT
evaluation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
child	NN
's	POS
future	JJ
needs	NNS
for	IN
instruction	NN
in	IN
braille	NN
or	CC
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
braille	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
instruction	NN
or	CC
use	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
child	NN
.	.
Nothing	NN
in	IN
this	DT
section	NN
requires	VBZ
the	DT
exclusive	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
braille	NN
if	IN
other	JJ
special	JJ
education	NN
services	NNS
are	VBP
appropriate	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
child	NN
's	POS
educational	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
The	DT
provision	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
appropriate	JJ
services	NNS
shall	MD
not	RB
preclude	VB
braille	JJ
use	NN
or	CC
instruction	NN
.	.
All	DT
publishers	NNS
of	IN
textbooks	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
instructional	JJ
materials	NNS
sold	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
state	NN
or	CC
any	DT
local	JJ
education	NN
agency	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
post-secondary	JJ
institutions	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
shall	MD
furnish	VB
computer	NN
diskettes	NNS
for	IN
literary	JJ
subjects	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
American	JJ
standard	JJ
code	NN
for	IN
information	NN
interchange	NN
from	IN
which	WDT
braille	NN
versions	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
produced	VBN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
the	DT
publishers	NNS
shall	MD
furnish	VB
computer	NN
diskettes	NNS
in	IN
American	JJ
standard	JJ
code	NN
for	IN
information	NN
interchange	NN
for	IN
nonliterary	JJ
subjects	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
natural	JJ
sciences	NNS
,	,
computer	NN
science	NN
,	,
mathematics	NN
and	CC
music	NN
,	,
when	WRB
braille	NN
specialty	NN
code	NN
translation	NN
software	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
.	.
As	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
professional	JJ
certification	NN
process	NN
,	,
teachers	NNS
seeking	VBG
to	TO
become	VB
certified	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
education	NN
of	IN
blind	JJ
and	CC
visually	RB
impaired	JJ
children	NNS
shall	MD
demonstrate	VB
competence	NN
in	IN
reading	NN
and	CC
writing	VBG
braille	NN
.	.
Before	IN
issuing	VBG
a	DT
professional	JJ
certificate	NN
to	TO
teach	VB
the	DT
blind	JJ
and	CC
visually	RB
impaired	VBN
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
department	NN
of	IN
education	NN
shall	MD
require	VB
that	IN
the	DT
applicant	NN
demonstrate	VB
,	,
based	VBN
upon	IN
standards	NNS
adopted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
library	NN
service	NN
for	IN
the	DT
blind	JJ
and	CC
physically	RB
handicapped	VBN
,	,
library	NN
of	IN
congress	NN
,	,
Washington	NNP
,	,
D.C.	NNP
,	,
that	IN
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
proficient	JJ
in	IN
reading	NN
and	CC
writing	VBG
braille	NN
.	.
This	DT
requirement	NN
becomes	VBZ
effective	JJ
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
July	NNP
,	,
two	CD
thousand	CD
.	.
Teachers	NNPS
already	RB
certified	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
education	NN
of	IN
blind	JJ
and	CC
visually	RB
impaired	JJ
children	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
required	VBN
to	TO
demonstrate	VB
that	DT
proficiency	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
retain	VB
their	PRP$
certification	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
department	NN
of	IN
education	NN
shall	MD
,	,
on	IN
a	DT
schedule	NN
of	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
once	RB
every	DT
three	CD
years	NNS
,	,
make	VBP
available	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
teachers	NNS
of	IN
blind	JJ
and	CC
visually	RB
impaired	JJ
children	NNS
a	DT
continuing	VBG
education	NN
class	NN
in	IN
reading	NN
or	CC
writing	VBG
braille	NN
or	CC
a	DT
college	NN
credit	NN
course	NN
in	IN
reading	NN
and	CC
writing	VBG
braille	NN
,	,
or	CC
both	DT
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
to	TO
achieve	VB
successful	JJ
completion	NN
of	IN
a	DT
course	NN
,	,
a	DT
teacher	NN
shall	MD
demonstrate	VB
proficiency	NN
in	IN
reading	NN
and	CC
writing	VBG
braille	NN
at	IN
a	DT
level	NN
commensurate	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
standards	NNS
adopted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
library	NN
service	NN
for	IN
the	DT
blind	JJ
and	CC
physically	RB
handicapped	VBN
,	,
library	NN
of	IN
congress	NN
.	.
This	DT
act	NN
provides	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
continued	JJ
payment	NN
of	IN
consumer	NN
sales	NNS
tax	NN
collections	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
school	NN
major	JJ
improvement	NN
and	CC
school	NN
construction	NN
funds	NNS
;	:
provides	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
continued	JJ
payment	NN
into	IN
the	DT
school	NN
construction	NN
fund	NN
the	DT
funds	NNS
currently	RB
required	VBN
for	IN
debt	NN
service	NN
;	:
requires	VBZ
any	DT
project	NN
funded	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
building	NN
authority	NN
be	VB
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
a	DT
CEFP	NNP
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
and	CC
the	DT
school	NN
building	NN
authority	NN
;	:
and	CC
requires	VBZ
submission	NN
of	IN
all	DT
construction	NN
plans	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
building	NN
authority	NN
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
Virginia	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
thirty-one	CD
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
;	:
to	TO
amend	VB
and	CC
reenact	VB
section	NN
ten	CD
,	,
article	NN
nine-a	NN
,	,
chapter	NN
eighteen	CD
of	IN
said	VBD
code	NN
;	:
to	TO
amend	VB
and	CC
reenact	VB
section	NN
fifteen	NN
,	,
article	NN
nine-d	NN
of	IN
said	VBD
chapter	NN
;	:
and	CC
to	TO
amend	VB
and	CC
reenact	VB
section	NN
eighteen	NN
,	,
article	NN
twenty-two	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
twenty-nine	CD
of	IN
said	VBD
code	NN
,	,
all	DT
relating	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
funding	NN
plan	NN
for	IN
continuing	VBG
public	JJ
school	NN
construction	NN
;	:
deleting	VBG
outdated	JJ
language	NN
;	:
continuing	VBG
monthly	JJ
state	NN
sales	NNS
tax	NN
payments	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
school	NN
major	JJ
improvement	NN
fund	NN
by	IN
eliminating	VBG
the	DT
termination	NN
date	NN
for	IN
such	JJ
payments	NNS
;	:
continuing	VBG
monthly	JJ
state	NN
sales	NNS
tax	NN
payments	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
school	NN
construction	NN
fund	NN
by	IN
eliminating	VBG
the	DT
termination	NN
date	NN
for	IN
such	JJ
payments	NNS
;	:
providing	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
payment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
annual	JJ
difference	NN
between	IN
the	DT
allocation	NN
made	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
ninety-seven	JJ
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
and	CC
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
required	VBN
for	IN
debt	NN
service	NN
on	IN
school	NN
improvement	NN
bonds	NNS
under	IN
the	DT
better	JJR
school	NN
building	NN
amendment	NN
for	IN
any	DT
succeeding	VBG
current	JJ
year	NN
to	TO
be	VB
deposited	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
school	NN
construction	NN
fund	NN
;	:
authorizing	VBG
use	NN
of	IN
certain	JJ
moneys	NNS
for	IN
study	NN
and	CC
implementation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
charter	NN
school	NN
pilot	NN
program	NN
;	:
providing	VBG
that	IN
,	,
upon	IN
retirement	NN
of	IN
school	NN
construction	NN
bonds	NNS
secured	VBN
through	IN
allocations	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
school	NN
building	NN
capital	NN
improvements	NNS
fund	NN
,	,
certain	JJ
moneys	NNS
allocated	VBN
for	IN
that	DT
purpose	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
deposited	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
school	NN
construction	NN
fund	NN
;	:
school	NN
building	NN
authority	NN
generally	RB
;	:
distribution	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
;	:
submission	NN
of	IN
construction	NN
designs	NNS
for	IN
school	NN
building	NN
authority	NN
approval	NN
;	:
and	CC
providing	VBG
that	IN
,	,
upon	IN
the	DT
retirement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
improvement	NN
bonds	NNS
secured	VBN
by	IN
profits	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
lottery	NN
and	CC
deposited	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
debt	NN
service	NN
fund	NN
,	,
an	DT
annual	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
eighteen	CD
million	CD
dollars	NNS
of	IN
such	JJ
funds	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
deposited	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
school	NN
construction	NN
fund	NN
.	.
Prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
any	DT
funds	NNS
from	IN
this	DT
section	NN
for	IN
personnel	NNS
costs	NNS
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
must	MD
receive	VB
authorization	NN
from	IN
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
shall	MD
require	VB
the	DT
district	NN
board	NN
to	TO
demonstrate	VB
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
The	DT
need	NN
for	IN
the	DT
allocation	NN
;	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
efficiency	NN
and	CC
fiscal	JJ
responsibility	NN
in	IN
staffing	NN
;	:
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
sharing	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
with	IN
adjoining	JJ
counties	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
regional	JJ
educational	JJ
service	NN
agency	NN
for	IN
that	DT
county	NN
in	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
total	JJ
local	JJ
district	NN
board	NN
budget	NN
.	.
District	NNP
boards	NNS
shall	MD
make	VB
application	NN
for	IN
available	JJ
funds	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
by	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
May	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
year	NN
.	.
On	IN
or	CC
before	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
June	NNP
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
shall	MD
review	VB
all	DT
applications	NNS
and	CC
notify	VBP
applying	VBG
district	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
distribution	NN
of	IN
the	DT
allocation	NN
.	.
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	DT
for	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
beginning	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
July	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
ninety-three	CD
,	,
only	RB
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
shall	MD
review	VB
all	DT
applications	NNS
and	CC
notify	VBP
applying	VBG
district	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
distribution	NN
of	IN
the	DT
allocation	NN
on	IN
or	CC
before	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
July	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
ninety-three	CD
.	.
Such	JJ
The	DT
funds	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
distributed	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
as	IN
appropriate	JJ
.	.
The	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
shall	MD
require	VB
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
to	TO
demonstrate	VB
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
an	DT
allocation	NN
for	IN
personnel	NNS
based	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
county	NN
's	POS
inability	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
state	NN
law	NN
or	CC
state	NN
board	NN
policy	NN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
That	IN
the	DT
funds	NNS
available	JJ
for	IN
personnel	NNS
under	IN
this	DT
section	NN
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
increase	VB
the	DT
total	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
professional	JJ
noninstructional	JJ
personnel	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
central	JJ
office	NN
beyond	IN
four	CD
.	.
Such	JJ
The	DT
instructional	JJ
improvement	NN
plan	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
for	IN
distribution	NN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
at	IN
the	DT
office	NN
of	IN
each	DT
affected	VBN
county	NN
board	NN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
school	NN
improvement	NN
bonds	NNS
secured	VBN
by	IN
funds	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
school	NN
building	NN
capital	NN
improvements	NNS
fund	NN
mature	VBP
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
shall	MD
annually	RB
deposit	VB
an	DT
amount	NN
equal	JJ
to	TO
twenty-four	CD
million	CD
dollars	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
funds	NNS
allocated	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
section	NN
into	IN
the	DT
school	NN
construction	NN
fund	NN
created	VBN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
section	NN
six	CD
,	,
article	NN
nine-d	NN
,	,
chapter	NN
eighteen	CD
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
to	TO
continue	VB
funding	VBG
school	NN
facility	NN
construction	NN
and	CC
improvements	NNS
.	.
Moneys	NNS
paid	VBD
into	IN
the	DT
school	NN
building	NN
capital	NN
improvements	NNS
fund	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
section	NN
ten	CD
,	,
article	NN
nine-a	NN
of	IN
this	DT
chapter	NN
;	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
issuance	NN
of	IN
revenue	NN
bonds	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
moneys	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
building	VBG
debt	NN
service	NN
fund	NN
are	VBP
pledged	VBN
as	IN
security	NN
;	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
moneys	NNS
paid	VBD
into	IN
the	DT
school	NN
construction	NN
fund	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
section	NN
six	CD
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
;	:
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
any	DT
other	JJ
moneys	NNS
received	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
authority	NN
,	,
except	IN
moneys	NNS
paid	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
school	NN
major	JJ
improvement	NN
fund	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
section	NN
six	CD
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
,	,
may	MD
be	VB
allocated	VBN
and	CC
may	MD
be	VB
expended	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
authority	NN
for	IN
projects	NNS
that	WDT
service	VBP
the	DT
educational	JJ
community	NN
statewide	RB
or	CC
,	,
upon	IN
application	NN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
,	,
for	IN
educational	JJ
programs	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
under	IN
the	DT
jurisdiction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
upon	IN
application	NN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
or	CC
the	DT
administrative	JJ
council	NN
of	IN
an	DT
area	NN
vocational	JJ
educational	JJ
center	NN
established	VBN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
article	NN
two-b	NN
of	IN
this	DT
chapter	NN
,	,
the	DT
authority	NN
may	MD
allocate	VB
and	CC
expend	VB
under	IN
this	DT
section	NN
moneys	NNS
for	IN
school	NN
major	JJ
improvement	NN
projects	NNS
proposed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
or	CC
an	DT
administrative	JJ
council	NN
for	IN
school	NN
facilities	NNS
under	IN
the	DT
direct	JJ
supervision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
or	CC
an	DT
administrative	JJ
council	NN
,	,
respectively	RB
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	IN
the	DT
authority	NN
may	MD
not	RB
expend	VB
any	DT
moneys	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
school	NN
major	JJ
improvement	NN
project	NN
proposed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
or	CC
the	DT
administrative	JJ
council	NN
of	IN
an	DT
area	NN
vocational	JJ
educational	JJ
center	NN
unless	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
or	CC
an	DT
administrative	JJ
council	NN
has	VBZ
submitted	VBN
a	DT
ten-year	JJ
school	NN
major	JJ
improvement	NN
plan	NN
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
updated	VBN
annually	RB
,	,
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
section	NN
sixteen	CD
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
That	IN
the	DT
authority	NN
shall	MD
,	,
before	IN
allocating	VBG
any	DT
moneys	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
or	CC
the	DT
administrative	JJ
council	NN
of	IN
an	DT
area	NN
vocational	JJ
educational	JJ
center	NN
for	IN
a	DT
school	NN
improvement	NN
project	NN
,	,
consider	VB
all	DT
other	JJ
funding	NN
sources	NNS
available	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
project	NN
.	.
Any	DT
funds	NNS
deposited	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
construction	NN
fund	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
expended	VBN
first	RB
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
an	DT
appropriation	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
.	.
To	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
that	IN
funds	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
construction	NN
fund	NN
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
that	DT
amount	NN
appropriated	VBN
in	IN
any	DT
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
excess	JJ
funds	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
expended	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
.	.
Any	DT
projects	NNS
which	WDT
the	DT
authority	NN
identified	VBN
and	CC
announced	VBN
for	IN
funding	NN
on	IN
or	CC
before	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
August	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
ninety-five	JJ
,	,
or	CC
identified	VBN
and	CC
announced	VBN
for	IN
funding	NN
on	IN
or	CC
before	IN
the	DT
thirty-first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
December	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
ninety-five	JJ
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
funded	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
authority	NN
in	IN
an	DT
amount	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
not	RB
less	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
specified	VBN
when	WRB
the	DT
project	NN
was	VBD
identified	VBN
and	CC
announced	VBN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
event	NN
that	IN
the	DT
percentage	NN
allotted	VBD
for	IN
operations	NNS
and	CC
administration	NN
generates	VBZ
a	DT
surplus	NN
,	,
the	DT
surplus	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
allowed	VBN
to	TO
accumulate	VB
to	TO
an	DT
amount	NN
not	RB
to	TO
exceed	VB
two	CD
hundred	CD
fifty	CD
thousand	CD
dollars	NNS
.	.
On	IN
a	DT
monthly	JJ
basis	NN
,	,
the	DT
director	NN
shall	MD
report	VB
to	TO
the	DT
joint	JJ
committee	NN
on	IN
government	NN
and	CC
finance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
any	DT
surplus	NN
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
two	CD
hundred	CD
fifty	CD
thousand	CD
dollars	NNS
and	CC
remit	NN
to	TO
the	DT
state	NN
treasurer	NN
the	DT
entire	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
those	DT
surplus	JJ
funds	NNS
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
two	CD
hundred	CD
fifty	CD
thousand	CD
dollars	NNS
which	WDT
shall	MD
be	VB
allocated	VBN
as	IN
net	JJ
profit	NN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
school	NN
improvement	NN
bonds	NNS
,	,
secured	VBN
by	IN
profits	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
lottery	NN
and	CC
deposited	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
debt	NN
service	NN
fund	NN
,	,
mature	VBP
,	,
the	DT
lottery	NN
director	NN
shall	MD
allocate	VB
monthly	JJ
,	,
from	IN
the	DT
net	JJ
profits	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
lottery	NN
for	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
month	NN
,	,
an	DT
amount	NN
equal	JJ
to	TO
one	CD
million	CD
five	CD
hundred	CD
thousand	CD
dollars	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
school	NN
construction	NN
fund	NN
created	VBN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
section	NN
six	CD
,	,
article	NN
nine-d	NN
,	,
chapter	NN
eighteen	CD
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
.	.
AN	DT
ACT	NN
to	TO
amend	VB
article	NN
seven	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
fifty-five	CD
of	IN
the	DT
code	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
thirty-one	CD
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
,	,
by	IN
adding	VBG
thereto	RB
a	DT
new	JJ
section	NN
,	,
designated	VBN
section	NN
nineteen	NN
,	,
relating	VBG
to	TO
limiting	VBG
the	DT
liability	NN
of	IN
physicians	NNS
who	WP
render	VBP
voluntary	JJ
services	NNS
for	IN
certain	JJ
athletic	JJ
events	NNS
.	.
This	DT
Act	NNP
adds	VBZ
two	CD
new	JJ
articles	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
administration	NN
of	IN
hearing	NN
loss	NN
testing	NN
for	IN
newborn	JJ
infants	NNS
;	:
requires	VBZ
certain	JJ
payments	NNS
for	IN
testing	NN
;	:
authorizes	VBZ
the	DT
director	NN
of	IN
health	NN
to	TO
promulgate	VB
legislative	JJ
rules	NNS
to	TO
establish	VB
testing	NN
protocols	NNS
and	CC
reasonable	JJ
fee	NN
schedules	NNS
;	:
authorizes	VBZ
an	DT
advisory	JJ
committee	NN
;	:
establishes	VBZ
the	DT
WV	NNP
birth	NN
score	NN
program	NN
;	:
establishes	VBZ
legislative	JJ
findings	NNS
and	CC
intent	NN
;	:
authorizes	VBZ
the	DT
division	NN
of	IN
health	NN
to	TO
establish	VB
and	CC
implement	VB
a	DT
birth	NN
score	NN
program	NN
which	WDT
identifies	VBZ
newborn	JJ
children	NNS
at	IN
high	JJ
risk	NN
for	IN
postneonatal	JJ
mortality	NN
,	,
debilitating	JJ
conditions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
developmental	JJ
delays	NNS
and	CC
refers	VBZ
those	DT
children	NNS
to	TO
primary	JJ
care	NN
physicians	NNS
for	IN
subsequent	JJ
follow-up	JJ
care	NN
;	:
requires	VBZ
hospitals	NNS
,	,
birthing	NN
facilities	NNS
,	,
attending	VBG
physicians	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
persons	NNS
attending	VBG
a	DT
birth	NN
to	TO
require	VB
and	CC
ensure	VB
that	IN
a	DT
birth	NN
score	NN
is	VBZ
determined	VBN
;	:
provides	VBZ
an	DT
exemption	NN
to	TO
a	DT
program	NN
participating	VBG
when	WRB
it	PRP
conflicts	NNS
with	IN
religious	JJ
beliefs	NNS
;	:
authorizes	VBZ
the	DT
division	NN
of	IN
health	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
necessary	JJ
medical	JJ
and	CC
other	JJ
needed	VBN
referrals	NNS
;	:
and	CC
authorizes	VBZ
the	DT
division	NN
of	IN
health	NN
to	TO
propose	VB
legislative	JJ
rules	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
penalties	NNS
,	,
to	TO
ensure	VB
implementation	NN
of	IN
and	CC
compliance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
birth	NN
score	NN
program	NN
.	.
AN	DT
ACT	NN
to	TO
amend	VB
chapter	NN
sixteen	NN
of	IN
the	DT
code	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
thirty-one	CD
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
,	,
by	IN
adding	VBG
thereto	RB
two	CD
new	JJ
articles	NNS
,	,
designated	VBN
article	NN
twenty-two-a	NN
and	CC
article	NN
twenty-two-b	NN
,	,
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
administration	NN
of	IN
hearing	NN
loss	NN
testing	NN
for	IN
newborn	JJ
infants	NNS
;	:
requiring	VBG
certain	JJ
payment	NN
for	IN
testing	NN
;	:
authorizing	VBG
the	DT
director	NN
of	IN
health	NN
to	TO
promulgate	VB
legislative	JJ
rules	NNS
to	TO
establish	VB
testing	NN
protocols	NNS
and	CC
reasonable	JJ
fee	NN
schedules	NNS
;	:
and	CC
authorizing	VBG
an	DT
advisory	JJ
committee	NN
;	:
establishing	VBG
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
birth	NN
score	NN
program	NN
;	:
establishing	VBG
legislative	JJ
findings	NNS
and	CC
intent	NN
;	:
authorizing	VBG
the	DT
division	NN
of	IN
health	NN
to	TO
establish	VB
and	CC
implement	VB
a	DT
birth	NN
score	NN
program	NN
which	WDT
identifies	VBZ
newborn	JJ
children	NNS
at	IN
high	JJ
risk	NN
for	IN
postneonatal	JJ
mortality	NN
,	,
debilitating	JJ
conditions	NNS
and	CC
developmental	JJ
delays	NNS
and	CC
refers	VBZ
those	DT
children	NNS
to	TO
primary	JJ
care	NN
physicians	NNS
for	IN
subsequent	JJ
follow-up	JJ
care	NN
;	:
requiring	VBG
hospitals	NNS
,	,
birthing	NN
facilities	NNS
,	,
attending	VBG
physicians	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
persons	NNS
attending	VBG
a	DT
birth	NN
to	TO
require	VB
and	CC
ensure	VB
that	IN
a	DT
birth	NN
score	NN
is	VBZ
determined	VBN
;	:
providing	VBG
an	DT
exemption	NN
to	TO
program	NN
participation	NN
when	WRB
it	PRP
conflicts	NNS
with	IN
religious	JJ
beliefs	NNS
;	:
authorizing	VBG
the	DT
division	NN
of	IN
health	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
necessary	JJ
medical	JJ
and	CC
other	JJ
needed	VBN
referrals	NNS
;	:
and	CC
authorizing	VBG
the	DT
division	NN
of	IN
health	NN
to	TO
propose	VB
legislative	JJ
rules	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
penalties	NNS
,	,
to	TO
ensure	VB
implementation	NN
of	IN
and	CC
compliance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
birth	NN
score	NN
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
physician	NN
or	CC
midwife	NN
in	IN
attendance	NN
at	IN
,	,
or	CC
present	JJ
immediately	RB
after	IN
a	DT
live	JJ
birth	NN
shall	MD
perform	VB
,	,
or	CC
cause	NN
to	TO
be	VB
performed	VBN
,	,
a	DT
test	NN
for	IN
hearing	NN
loss	NN
in	IN
the	DT
infant	NN
unless	IN
the	DT
infant	NN
's	POS
parents	NNS
refuse	VBP
under	IN
subsection	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
section	NN
three	CD
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
to	TO
have	VB
the	DT
testing	NN
performed	VBN
.	.
For	IN
any	DT
infant	NN
delivered	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
nonlicensed	JJ
facility	NN
,	,
including	VBG
home	NN
births	NNS
,	,
the	DT
physician	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
provider	NN
shall	MD
inform	VB
the	DT
parents	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
need	NN
to	TO
the	DT
obtain	VB
testing	NN
within	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
month	NN
of	IN
life	NN
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
division	NN
of	IN
health	NN
shall	MD
prescribe	VB
the	DT
test	NN
or	CC
tests	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
administered	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
this	DT
article	NN
.	.
Establish	VB
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
fee	NN
schedule	NN
for	IN
tests	NNS
administered	VBN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
this	DT
article	NN
,	,
which	WDT
shall	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
cover	VB
program	NN
costs	NNS
not	RB
otherwise	RB
covered	VBN
by	IN
federal	JJ
grant	NN
funds	NNS
specifically	RB
secured	VBN
for	IN
this	DT
purpose	NN
;	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
establish	VB
a	DT
cost-effective	JJ
testing	NN
protocol	NN
based	VBN
upon	IN
available	JJ
technology	NN
and	CC
national	JJ
standards	NNS
;	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
establish	VB
reporting	NN
and	CC
referral	NN
requirements	NNS
;	:
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
establish	VB
a	DT
date	NN
for	IN
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
testing	NN
protocol	NN
,	,
which	WDT
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
later	RB
than	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
July	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
ninety-nine	CD
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
University	NNP
department	NN
of	IN
pediatrics	NNS
was	VBD
initiated	VBN
.	.
The	DT
goals	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
scoring	VBG
system	NN
were	VBD
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
To	TO
identify	VB
newborns	NNS
at	IN
greatest	JJS
risk	NN
for	IN
death	NN
between	IN
one	CD
month	NN
and	CC
one	CD
year	NN
of	IN
age	NN
;	:
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
link	VB
high	JJ
risk	NN
infants	NNS
with	IN
physicians	NNS
for	IN
close	JJ
follow-up	JJ
during	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
year	NN
of	IN
life	NN
.	.
On	IN
or	CC
before	IN
the	DT
thirtieth	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
June	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
ninety-eight	NN
,	,
the	DT
division	NN
of	IN
health	NN
shall	MD
propose	VB
rules	NNS
for	IN
legislative	JJ
approval	NN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
article	NN
three	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
twenty-nine-a	NN
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
as	IN
may	MD
be	VB
needed	VBN
to	TO
establish	VB
the	DT
program	NN
,	,
ensure	VB
compliance	NN
and	CC
assess	VB
penalties	NNS
as	IN
needed	VBN
to	TO
implement	VB
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
.	.
The	DT
two	CD
sections	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Act	NNP
require	VBP
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
to	TO
develop	VB
in	IN
consultation	NN
with	IN
public	JJ
and	CC
private	JJ
agencies	NNS
curricula	NNS
and	CC
continuing	VBG
education	NN
programs	NNS
concerning	VBG
violence	NN
prevention	NN
including	VBG
domestic	JJ
or	CC
family	NN
violence	NN
.	.
The	DT
continuing	VBG
education	NN
courses	NNS
are	VBP
for	IN
anyone	NN
required	VBN
to	TO
report	VB
child	NN
abuse	NN
and	CC
neglect	NN
.	.
AN	DT
ACT	NN
to	TO
amend	VB
and	CC
reenact	VB
sections	NNS
one	CD
,	,
two	CD
,	,
three	CD
,	,
four	CD
,	,
five	CD
,	,
six	CD
,	,
nine	CD
,	,
ten	CD
,	,
ten-a	NN
,	,
twelve	CD
and	CC
fourteen	CD
,	,
article	NN
two-a	NN
,	,
chapter	NN
forty-eight	CD
of	IN
the	DT
code	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
thirty-one	CD
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
;	:
to	TO
further	JJ
amend	VB
said	VBD
article	NN
by	IN
adding	VBG
thereto	RB
a	DT
new	JJ
section	NN
,	,
designated	VBN
section	NN
seven	CD
;	:
to	TO
amend	VB
and	CC
reenact	VB
sections	NNS
two	CD
,	,
three	CD
,	,
four	CD
and	CC
ten	CD
,	,
article	NN
two-c	JJ
of	IN
said	VBD
chapter	NN
;	:
to	TO
further	JJ
amend	VB
said	VBD
article	NN
by	IN
adding	VBG
thereto	RB
eleven	JJ
new	JJ
sections	NNS
,	,
designated	VBN
sections	NNS
four-a	JJ
,	,
four-b	JJ
,	,
ten-a	JJ
,	,
thirteen-a	JJ
,	,
thirteen-b	JJ
,	,
thirteen-c	JJ
,	,
sixteen	CD
,	,
seventeen	CD
,	,
eighteen	CD
,	,
nineteen	NN
and	CC
twenty	CD
,	,
all	DT
relating	VBG
generally	RB
to	TO
domestic	JJ
or	CC
family	NN
violence	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
treatment	NN
and	CC
prevention	NN
;	:
setting	VBG
forth	RB
legislative	JJ
findings	NNS
and	CC
purposes	NNS
;	:
defining	VBG
certain	JJ
terms	NNS
;	:
establishing	VBG
the	DT
venue	NN
of	IN
proceedings	NNS
;	:
clarifying	VBG
provisions	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
full	JJ
faith	NN
and	CC
credit	NN
;	:
requiring	VBG
verified	VBN
petition	NN
;	:
authorizing	VBG
petition	NN
to	TO
be	VB
filed	VBN
by	IN
person	NN
who	WP
reported	VBD
or	CC
was	VBD
a	DT
witness	NN
to	TO
domestic	JJ
or	CC
family	NN
violence	NN
;	:
issuance	NN
of	IN
protective	JJ
order	NN
;	:
describing	VBG
terms	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
protective	JJ
order	NN
;	:
prescribing	VBG
the	DT
length	NN
of	IN
time	NN
a	DT
protective	JJ
order	NN
may	MD
remain	VB
in	IN
effect	NN
;	:
amendment	NN
of	IN
a	DT
protective	JJ
order	NN
;	:
prohibition	NN
against	IN
mutual	JJ
protective	JJ
orders	NNS
;	:
safety	NN
of	IN
the	DT
child	NN
as	IN
a	DT
factor	NN
in	IN
determining	VBG
visitation	NN
;	:
prescribing	VBG
the	DT
conditions	NNS
for	IN
visitation	NN
in	IN
cases	NNS
involving	VBG
domestic	JJ
or	CC
family	NN
violence	NN
;	:
law	NN
enforcement	NN
response	NN
to	TO
domestic	JJ
or	CC
family	NN
violence	NN
;	:
filing	NN
of	IN
orders	NNS
with	IN
law	NN
enforcement	NN
agency	NN
;	:
civil	JJ
contempt	NN
alleging	VBG
violation	NN
of	IN
an	DT
order	NN
;	:
registration	NN
of	IN
protective	JJ
order	NN
;	:
conditions	NNS
under	IN
which	WDT
arrest	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
;	:
defining	VBG
certain	JJ
terms	NNS
used	VBN
in	IN
domestic	JJ
violence	NN
act	NN
;	:
establishing	VBG
the	DT
family	NN
protection	NN
services	NNS
board	NN
;	:
prescribing	VBG
the	DT
duties	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
family	NN
protection	NN
services	NNS
board	NN
;	:
establishing	VBG
local	JJ
councils	NNS
on	IN
domestic	JJ
or	CC
family	NN
violence	NN
;	:
providing	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
state	NN
public	JJ
health	NN
plan	NN
for	IN
reducing	VBG
domestic	JJ
or	CC
family	NN
violence	NN
;	:
referral	NN
of	IN
victims	NNS
by	IN
law	NN
enforcement	NN
officers	NNS
to	TO
available	JJ
shelters	NNS
;	:
notice	NN
of	IN
victims	NNS
'	POS
rights	NNS
and	CC
remedies	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
available	JJ
;	:
publishing	NN
of	IN
model	NN
standards	NNS
,	,
procedure	NN
and	CC
curricula	NN
concerning	VBG
domestic	JJ
or	CC
family	NN
violence	NN
;	:
regulating	VBG
intervention	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
perpetrators	NNS
of	IN
domestic	JJ
or	CC
family	NN
violence	NN
;	:
licensing	NN
providers	NNS
of	IN
intervention	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
perpetrators	NNS
of	IN
domestic	JJ
or	CC
family	NN
violence	NN
;	:
providing	VBG
for	IN
training	NN
and	CC
continuing	VBG
education	NN
in	IN
matters	NNS
involving	VBG
domestic	JJ
or	CC
family	NN
violence	NN
for	IN
certain	JJ
state	NN
employees	NNS
,	,
law-enforcement	JJ
officers	NNS
,	,
judicial	JJ
officers	NNS
and	CC
court	NN
personnel	NNS
,	,
and	CC
school	NN
personnel	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
report	VB
child	NN
abuse	NN
and	CC
neglect	NN
;	:
development	NN
of	IN
curricula	NN
for	IN
public	JJ
education	NN
.	.
Class	NN
I	NNP
legal	JJ
advertisement	NN
published	VBN
notice	NN
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
publication	NN
area	NN
being	VBG
the	DT
county	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
respondent	NN
resides	VBZ
,	,
published	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
section	NN
two	CD
,	,
article	NN
three	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
fifty-nine	CD
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
if	IN
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
i	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
The	DT
petitioner	NN
files	VBZ
an	DT
affidavit	NN
with	IN
the	DT
court	NN
stating	VBG
that	IN
an	DT
attempt	NN
at	IN
personal	JJ
service	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
rule	VB
four	CD
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
rules	NNS
of	IN
civil	JJ
procedure	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
unsuccessful	JJ
or	CC
evidence	NN
is	VBZ
adduced	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
hearing	NN
for	IN
the	DT
protective	JJ
order	NN
that	IN
the	DT
respondent	NN
has	VBZ
left	VBN
the	DT
state	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
;	:
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
ii	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
order	NN
is	VBZ
mailed	VBN
by	IN
certified	JJ
or	CC
registered	JJ
mail	NN
to	TO
the	DT
respondent	NN
at	IN
the	DT
respondent	NN
's	POS
last	JJ
known	JJ
residence	NN
and	CC
returned	VBD
undelivered	JJ
.	.
Upon	IN
entry	NN
of	IN
an	DT
order	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
section	NN
five	CD
or	CC
six	CD
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
,	,
or	CC
an	DT
order	NN
entered	VBD
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
section	NN
thirteen	CD
,	,
article	NN
two	CD
of	IN
this	DT
chapter	NN
granting	VBG
relief	NN
provided	VBN
for	IN
by	IN
this	DT
article	NN
,	,
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
order	NN
shall	MD
,	,
no	RB
later	RB
than	IN
the	DT
close	NN
of	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
business	NN
day	NN
,	,
be	VB
transmitted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
court	NN
or	CC
the	DT
clerk	NN
of	IN
the	DT
court	NN
to	TO
a	DT
local	JJ
office	NN
of	IN
the	DT
city	NN
police	NN
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
sheriff	NN
and	CC
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
state	NN
police	NN
,	,
where	WRB
it	PRP
shall	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
confidential	JJ
file	NN
,	,
with	IN
access	NN
provided	VBN
only	RB
to	TO
the	DT
law-enforcement	NN
agency	NN
and	CC
the	DT
respondent	NN
named	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
order	NN
.	.
A	DT
sworn	VBN
affidavit	NN
may	MD
be	VB
executed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
party	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
awarded	VBN
exclusive	JJ
possession	NN
of	IN
the	DT
residence	NN
or	CC
household	NN
,	,
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
an	DT
order	NN
entered	VBN
under	IN
subsection	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
section	NN
six	CD
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
,	,
and	CC
shall	MD
be	VB
delivered	VBN
to	TO
such	JJ
law-enforcement	JJ
agencies	NNS
simultaneously	RB
with	IN
any	DT
order	NN
,	,
giving	VBG
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
consent	NN
for	IN
a	DT
law-enforcement	JJ
officer	NN
to	TO
enter	VB
the	DT
residence	NN
or	CC
household	NN
,	,
without	IN
a	DT
warrant	NN
,	,
to	TO
enforce	VB
the	DT
protective	JJ
order	NN
or	CC
temporary	JJ
order	NN
.	.
Orders	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
promptly	RB
served	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
respondent	NN
.	.
Failure	NN
to	TO
serve	VB
a	DT
protective	JJ
order	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
stay	VB
the	DT
effect	NN
of	IN
a	DT
valid	JJ
order	NN
if	IN
the	DT
respondent	NN
has	VBZ
actual	JJ
notice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
existence	NN
and	CC
contents	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
order	NN
.	.
One	CD
such	JJ
member	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
a	DT
director	NN
of	IN
a	DT
shelter	NN
.	.
One	CD
member	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
a	DT
major	JJ
trade	NN
association	NN
which	WDT
represents	VBZ
shelters	NNS
across	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
The	DT
final	JJ
gubernatorial	JJ
appointee	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
The	DT
other	JJ
two	CD
members	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
the	DT
secretary	NN
of	IN
the	DT
department	NN
of	IN
health	NN
and	CC
human	JJ
resources	NNS
,	,
or	CC
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
designee	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
chair	NN
of	IN
the	DT
governor	NN
's	POS
committee	NN
on	IN
crime	NN
,	,
delinquency	NN
and	CC
correction	NN
,	,
or	CC
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
designee	NN
.	.
Where	WRB
shelters	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
,	,
the	DT
law-enforcement	JJ
officer	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
public	JJ
authority	NN
investigating	VBG
an	DT
alleged	JJ
incident	NN
of	IN
domestic	JJ
or	CC
family	NN
violence	NN
shall	MD
advise	VB
the	DT
victim	NN
of	IN
the	DT
availability	NN
of	IN
the	DT
family	NN
protection	NN
shelter	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
that	WDT
person	NN
may	MD
be	VB
admitted	VBN
.	.
This	DT
bill	NN
requires	VBZ
the	DT
Director	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Division	NN
of	IN
Health	NNP
to	TO
promulgate	VB
rules	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
training	NN
and	CC
licensing	NN
of	IN
personnel	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
employed	VBN
as	IN
lead	NN
abatement	NN
workers	NNS
and	CC
establishes	VBZ
civil	JJ
penalties	NNS
and	CC
fees	NNS
for	IN
violations	NNS
of	IN
certain	JJ
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
.	.
Each	DT
owner	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
person	NN
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
building	NN
,	,
facility	NN
,	,
residence	NN
or	CC
structure	NN
where	WRB
a	DT
lead	NN
abatement	NN
project	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
occur	VB
shall	MD
notify	VB
the	DT
division	NN
in	IN
the	DT
time	NN
specified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
director	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
commencement	NN
of	IN
each	DT
lead	NN
abatement	NN
project	NN
,	,
and	CC
comply	VB
with	IN
all	DT
applicable	JJ
state	NN
and	CC
federal	JJ
regulatory	JJ
requirements	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
lead	NN
abatement	NN
project	NN
.	.
Provided	VBN
,	,
that	IN
for	IN
the	DT
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
ending	VBG
the	DT
thirtieth	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
June	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
ninety-nine	CD
,	,
expenditures	NNS
are	VBP
authorized	VBN
from	IN
collections	NNS
rather	RB
than	IN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
an	DT
appropriation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
.	.
AN	DT
ACT	NN
to	TO
amend	VB
article	NN
three	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
twelve	CD
of	IN
the	DT
code	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
thirty-one	CD
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
,	,
by	IN
adding	VBG
thereto	RB
a	DT
new	JJ
section	NN
,	,
designated	VBN
section	NN
twenty	CD
,	,
relating	VBG
to	TO
payment	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
of	IN
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
county	NN
commissions	NNS
,	,
municipal	JJ
corporations	NNS
by	IN
electronic	JJ
or	CC
wire	NN
transfer	NN
,	,
inclusion	NN
of	IN
appropriate	JJ
electronic	JJ
remittance	NN
voucher	NN
information	NN
;	:
and	CC
specifying	VBG
effective	JJ
date	NN
.	.
AN	DT
ACT	NN
to	TO
amend	VB
and	CC
reenact	VB
section	NN
seventeen	NN
,	,
article	NN
seven-a	NN
,	,
chapter	NN
eighteen	CD
of	IN
the	DT
code	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
thirty-one	CD
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
,	,
relating	VBG
to	TO
increasing	VBG
the	DT
service	NN
credit	NN
within	IN
the	DT
teachers	NNS
retirement	NN
system	NN
for	IN
teachers	NNS
who	WP
serve	VBP
as	IN
an	DT
officer	NN
with	IN
a	DT
statewide	JJ
professional	JJ
association	NN
and	CC
providing	VBG
that	IN
members	NNS
elected	VBN
to	TO
public	JJ
office	NN
be	VB
credited	VBN
for	IN
time	NN
served	VBD
in	IN
discharging	VBG
legislative	JJ
duties	NNS
.	.
Provided	VBN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
That	IN
a	DT
transfer	NN
of	IN
out-of-state	JJ
service	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
is	VBZ
prohibited	VBN
if	IN
such	JJ
the	DT
service	NN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
to	TO
obtain	VB
a	DT
retirement	NN
benefit	NN
from	IN
another	DT
retirement	NN
system	NN
:	:
Provided	VBN
further	RB
,	,
That	DT
salaries	NNS
paid	VBN
to	TO
members	NNS
for	IN
service	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
entrance	NN
into	IN
the	DT
retirement	NN
system	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
compute	VB
the	DT
average	JJ
final	JJ
salary	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
the	DT
member	NN
under	IN
the	DT
retirement	NN
system	NN
.	.
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	IN
the	DT
period	NN
of	IN
service	NN
credit	NN
granted	VBN
for	IN
such	JJ
that	IN
service	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
exceed	VB
six	CD
ten	CD
years	NNS
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
That	IN
a	DT
member	NN
or	CC
retired	VBN
teacher	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
serving	VBG
or	CC
has	VBZ
served	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
officer	NN
of	IN
a	DT
statewide	JJ
professional	JJ
teaching	NN
association	NN
shall	MD
make	VB
deposits	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
teachers	NNS
retirement	NN
board	NN
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
any	DT
such	JJ
absence	NN
,	,
in	IN
an	DT
amount	NN
double	RB
the	DT
amount	NN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
contributed	VBN
in	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
regular	JJ
assignment	NN
for	IN
a	DT
like	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
public	JJ
employees	NNS
retirement	NN
system	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
contributing	VBG
member	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
three	CD
years	NNS
,	,
for	IN
service	NN
previously	RB
credited	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
employees	NNS
retirement	NN
system	NN
and	CC
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Shall	NN
require	VBP
the	DT
transfer	NN
of	IN
the	DT
member	NN
's	POS
contributions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
teachers	NNS
retirement	NN
system	NN
;	:
or	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
shall	MD
require	VB
a	DT
repayment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
withdrawn	VBN
any	DT
time	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
member	NN
's	POS
retirement	NN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	IN
there	EX
shall	MD
be	VB
added	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
member	NN
to	TO
the	DT
amounts	NNS
transferred	VBN
or	CC
repaid	VBN
under	IN
this	DT
paragraph	NN
subsection	NN
an	DT
amount	NN
which	WDT
shall	MD
be	VB
sufficient	JJ
to	TO
equal	VB
the	DT
contributions	NNS
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
made	VBN
had	VBD
the	DT
member	NN
been	VBN
under	IN
the	DT
teachers	NNS
retirement	NN
system	NN
during	IN
the	DT
period	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
membership	NN
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
employees	NNS
retirement	NN
system	NN
plus	CC
interest	NN
at	IN
a	DT
rate	NN
of	IN
six	CD
percent	NN
compounded	VBN
annually	RB
from	IN
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
withdrawal	NN
to	TO
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
payment	NN
.	.
The	DT
interest	NN
paid	VBN
shall	MD
be	VB
deposited	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
reserve	NN
fund	NN
.	.
Notwithstanding	IN
any	DT
provision	NN
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
to	TO
the	DT
contrary	NN
,	,
when	WRB
a	DT
member	NN
is	VBZ
or	CC
has	VBZ
been	VBN
elected	VBN
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
proper	JJ
discharge	VB
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
duties	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
office	NN
require	VBP
that	IN
member	NN
to	TO
be	VB
absent	JJ
from	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
teaching	NN
or	CC
administrative	JJ
duties	NNS
,	,
the	DT
time	NN
served	VBD
in	IN
discharge	VB
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
duties	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
legislative	JJ
office	NN
are	VBP
credited	VBN
as	IN
time	NN
served	VBD
for	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
computing	VBG
service	NN
credit	NN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	IN
the	DT
board	NN
may	MD
not	RB
require	VB
any	DT
additional	JJ
contributions	NNS
from	IN
that	DT
member	NN
in	IN
order	NN
for	IN
the	DT
board	NN
to	TO
credit	NN
him	PRP
or	CC
her	PRP$
with	IN
the	DT
contributing	VBG
service	NN
credit	NN
earned	VBN
while	IN
discharging	VBG
official	JJ
legislative	JJ
duties	NNS
.	.
A	DT
BILL	NNP
to	TO
amend	VB
and	CC
reenact	VB
section	NN
ten	CD
,	,
article	NN
two	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
two	CD
of	IN
the	DT
code	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
thirty-one	CD
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
;	:
and	CC
to	TO
amend	VB
chapter	NN
thirty-nine	CD
of	IN
said	VBD
code	NN
by	IN
adding	VBG
thereto	RB
a	DT
new	JJ
article	NN
,	,
designated	VBN
article	NN
five	CD
,	,
all	DT
relating	VBG
generally	RB
to	TO
the	DT
authorization	NN
of	IN
electronic	JJ
signatures	NNS
where	WRB
written	VBN
signatures	NNS
are	VBP
currently	RB
required	VBN
;	:
establishing	VBG
legislative	JJ
findings	NNS
;	:
providing	VBG
definitions	NNS
;	:
allowing	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
acceptance	NN
of	IN
certain	JJ
electronic	JJ
signatures	NNS
where	WRB
a	DT
rule	NN
of	IN
law	NN
requires	VBZ
a	DT
signature	NN
;	:
authorizing	VBG
the	DT
secretary	NN
of	IN
state	NN
and	CC
the	DT
state	NN
auditor	NN
to	TO
propose	VB
legislative	JJ
and	CC
emergency	NN
rules	NNS
authorizing	VBG
governmental	JJ
electronic	JJ
signatures	NNS
;	:
authorizing	VBG
the	DT
secretary	NN
of	IN
state	NN
to	TO
be	VB
the	DT
digital	JJ
key	JJ
depository	NN
and	CC
authority	NN
and	CC
authorizing	VBG
the	DT
secretary	NN
of	IN
state	NN
to	TO
contract	NN
with	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
entity	NN
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
the	DT
digital	JJ
key	JJ
depository	NN
and	CC
authority	NN
;	:
allowing	VBG
all	DT
governmental	JJ
entities	NNS
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
electronic	JJ
and	CC
digital	JJ
signature	NN
program	NN
with	IN
certain	JJ
conditions	NNS
and	CC
limitations	NNS
;	:
authorizing	VBG
public	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
electronic	JJ
signatures	NNS
with	IN
certain	JJ
requirements	NNS
;	:
limitation	NN
of	IN
liability	NN
for	IN
the	DT
secretary	NN
of	IN
state	NN
;	:
and	CC
providing	VBG
for	IN
admissibility	NN
of	IN
electronic	JJ
signatures	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
electronic	JJ
records	NNS
legal	JJ
proceeding	NN
as	IN
evidence	NN
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
rapid	JJ
and	CC
secure	JJ
conveyance	NN
of	IN
signed	VBN
written	VBN
transactions	NNS
,	,
messages	NNS
and	CC
official	JJ
documents	NNS
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
to	TO
effective	JJ
and	CC
economical	JJ
conduct	NN
of	IN
commercial	JJ
,	,
governmental	JJ
and	CC
personal	JJ
affairs	NNS
;	:
and	CC
that	IN
technology	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
allow	VB
instantaneous	JJ
transmission	NN
of	IN
documents	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
provide	VB
secure	JJ
means	NNS
of	IN
authorization	NN
through	IN
electronic	JJ
signatures	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
this	DT
Act	NN
to	TO
facilitate	VB
and	CC
promote	VB
electronic	JJ
commerce	NN
and	CC
online	JJ
government	NN
by	IN
clarifying	VBG
the	DT
legal	JJ
status	NN
of	IN
electronic	JJ
records	NNS
and	CC
electronic	JJ
signatures	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
context	NN
of	IN
writing	VBG
and	CC
signing	VBG
requirements	NNS
imposed	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
;	:
to	TO
permit	VB
and	CC
encourage	VB
the	DT
continued	JJ
expansion	NN
of	IN
electronic	JJ
commerce	NN
and	CC
online	JJ
government	NN
through	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
free	JJ
market	NN
forces	NNS
rather	RB
than	IN
proscriptive	JJ
legislation	NN
;	:
to	TO
promote	VB
public	JJ
confidence	NN
in	IN
the	DT
validity	NN
,	,
integrity	NN
and	CC
reliability	NN
of	IN
electronic	JJ
commerce	NN
and	CC
online	JJ
government	NN
;	:
and	CC
to	TO
promote	VB
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
the	DT
legal	JJ
and	CC
business	NN
infrastructure	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
support	VB
and	CC
encourage	VB
electronic	JJ
commerce	NN
and	CC
online	JJ
government	NN
.	.
Any	DT
governmental	JJ
entity	NN
not	RB
required	VBN
to	TO
participate	VB
,	,
but	CC
which	WDT
elects	VBZ
to	TO
participate	VB
,	,
may	MD
withdrawal	NN
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
from	IN
the	DT
program	NN
,	,
upon	IN
notification	NN
of	IN
the	DT
secretary	NN
of	IN
state	NN
and	CC
all	DT
others	NNS
who	WP
utilize	VBP
that	IN
entity	NN
's	POS
digital	JJ
signature	NN
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
secretary	NN
of	IN
state	NN
,	,
serving	VBG
as	IN
authority	NN
and	CC
repository	NN
for	IN
governmental	JJ
entities	NNS
for	IN
signature	NN
keys	NNS
shall	MD
revoke	VB
any	DT
signature	NN
key	NN
when	WRB
the	DT
secretary	NN
has	VBZ
reason	NN
to	TO
believe	VB
that	IN
the	DT
digital	JJ
signature	NN
key	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
stolen	VBN
,	,
fraudulently	RB
used	VBN
or	CC
otherwise	RB
compromised	VBN
.	.
This	DT
article	NN
creates	VBZ
no	DT
liability	NN
upon	IN
the	DT
secretary	NN
of	IN
state	NN
for	IN
any	DT
transaction	NN
compromised	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
illegal	JJ
act	NN
or	CC
inappropriate	JJ
uses	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
electronic	JJ
signatures	NNS
.	.
In	IN
any	DT
legal	JJ
proceeding	NN
,	,
nothing	NN
in	IN
the	DT
application	NN
or	CC
the	DT
rules	NNS
of	IN
evidence	NN
shall	MD
apply	VB
so	RB
as	IN
to	TO
deny	VB
the	DT
admissibility	NN
of	IN
an	DT
electronic	JJ
record	NN
or	CC
electronic	JJ
signature	NN
into	IN
evidence	NN
solely	RB
on	IN
the	DT
ground	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
an	DT
electronic	JJ
record	NN
or	CC
electronic	JJ
signature	NN
,	,
or	CC
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
grounds	NNS
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
in	IN
its	PRP$
original	JJ
form	NN
or	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
an	DT
original	JJ
.	.
This	DT
Act	NNP
requires	VBZ
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
to	TO
establish	VB
goals	NNS
for	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
and	CC
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
process	NN
to	TO
coordinate	VB
program	NN
delivery	NN
through	IN
the	DT
state	NN
department	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
regional	JJ
educational	JJ
service	NN
agencies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
center	NN
for	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
;	:
to	TO
create	VB
the	DT
strategic	JJ
staff	NN
development	NN
fund	NN
with	IN
funds	NNS
that	WDT
accrue	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
revenue	NN
fund	NN
;	:
to	TO
develop	VB
an	DT
assessment	NN
program	NN
and	CC
an	DT
accountability	NN
program	NN
;	:
to	TO
establish	VB
the	DT
reading	NN
excellence	NN
accelerates	VBZ
deserving	JJ
students	NNS
program	NN
;	:
to	TO
establish	VB
a	DT
process	NN
for	IN
improving	VBG
education	NN
to	TO
establish	VB
a	DT
system	NN
of	IN
education	NN
performance	NN
audits	NN
;	:
to	TO
designate	VB
certain	JJ
schools	NNS
with	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
casual	JJ
deficit	NN
as	IN
having	VBG
nonapproval	JJ
status	NN
;	:
to	TO
appoint	VB
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
improvement	NN
consultants	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
may	MD
intervene	VB
in	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
county	NN
school	NN
system	NN
;	:
to	TO
provide	VB
for	IN
the	DT
targeting	VBG
of	IN
resources	NNS
to	TO
improve	VB
the	DT
teaching	NN
and	CC
learning	VBG
process	NN
;	:
to	TO
create	VB
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
staff	NN
development	NN
advisory	JJ
council	NN
;	:
to	TO
create	VB
regional	JJ
staff	NN
development	NN
councils	NNS
in	IN
each	DT
regional	JJ
educational	JJ
service	NN
agency	NN
;	:
to	TO
increase	VB
the	DT
allowance	NN
for	IN
transportation	NN
costs	NNS
.	.
Virginia	NNP
and	CC
create	VB
a	DT
``	``
master	NN
plan	NN
''	''
for	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
based	VBN
in	IN
part	NN
on	IN
approved	VBN
professional	JJ
development	NN
plans	NNS
from	IN
RESAs	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
The	DT
state	NN
board	NN
shall	MD
review	VB
the	DT
proposed	VBN
plans	NNS
and	CC
shall	MD
return	VB
the	DT
proposed	VBN
plans	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
respective	JJ
agencies	NNS
on	IN
or	CC
before	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
January	NNP
,	,
each	DT
year	NN
,	,
noting	VBG
whether	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
plan	NN
is	VBZ
approved	VBN
or	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
approved	VBN
in	IN
whole	JJ
or	CC
in	IN
part	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
proposed	VBN
plan	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
approved	VBN
in	IN
whole	JJ
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
shall	MD
note	VB
its	PRP$
objections	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
proposed	VBN
plan	NN
or	CC
to	TO
the	DT
parts	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
plan	NN
not	RB
approved	VBN
and	CC
may	MD
suggest	VB
improvements	NNS
or	CC
specific	JJ
modifications	NNS
,	,
additions	NNS
or	CC
deletions	NNS
to	TO
more	RBR
fully	RB
address	VB
the	DT
goals	NNS
or	CC
eliminate	VB
duplication	NN
.	.
An	DT
agency	NN
whose	WP$
proposed	VBN
plan	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
wholly	RB
approved	VBN
shall	MD
revise	VB
the	DT
plan	NN
to	TO
satisfy	VB
the	DT
objections	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
or	CC
state	NN
the	DT
reasons	NNS
why	WRB
revisions	NNS
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
satisfy	VB
any	DT
or	CC
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
objections	NNS
and	CC
resubmit	VB
the	DT
proposal	NN
to	TO
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
State	NNP
board	NN
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
professional	JJ
development	NN
plans	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
center	NN
for	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
and	CC
the	DT
regional	JJ
educational	JJ
service	NN
agencies	NNS
is	VBZ
required	VBN
prior	RB
to	TO
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
plans	NNS
.	.
No	DT
county	NN
shall	MD
expand	VB
any	DT
system	NN
either	CC
through	IN
the	DT
purchase	NN
of	IN
additional	JJ
software	NN
or	CC
hardware	NN
that	WDT
does	VBZ
not	RB
advance	VB
the	DT
goals	NNS
and	CC
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
uniform	JJ
integrated	JJ
regional	JJ
computer	NN
information	NN
system	NN
as	IN
recommended	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	DT
nothing	NN
contained	VBD
herein	RB
shall	MD
prevent	VB
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
from	IN
granting	VBG
a	DT
one-year	JJ
extension	NN
to	TO
those	DT
counties	NNS
projected	VBD
to	TO
have	VB
budget	NN
deficits	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
beginning	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
July	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
ninety-four	CD
.	.
Any	DT
remaining	VBG
funds	NNS
transferred	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
strategic	JJ
staff	NN
development	NN
fund	NN
during	IN
the	DT
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
carried	VBN
over	IN
for	IN
use	NN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
the	DT
next	JJ
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
be	VB
separate	JJ
and	CC
apart	RB
from	IN
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
,	,
the	DT
transfer	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
school	NN
fund	NN
for	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
further	JJ
finds	VBZ
that	IN
not	RB
all	DT
students	NNS
are	VBP
financially	RB
able	JJ
to	TO
pay	VB
for	IN
summer	NN
school	NN
,	,
nor	CC
do	VB
all	DT
county	NN
schools	NNS
hold	VBP
summer	NN
school	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
,	,
therefore	RB
,	,
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
this	DT
section	NN
to	TO
help	VB
the	DT
county	NN
boards	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
,	,
either	CC
individually	RB
or	CC
cooperatively	RB
,	,
free	JJ
summer	NN
school	NN
and	CC
summer	NN
school	NN
transportation	NN
for	IN
those	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
kindergarten	NN
through	IN
grade	NN
four	CD
who	WP
did	VBD
not	RB
perform	VB
at	IN
grade	NN
level	NN
during	IN
the	DT
regular	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
is	VBZ
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
this	DT
section	NN
to	TO
help	VB
students	NNS
in	IN
kindergarten	NN
through	IN
grade	NN
four	CD
who	WP
are	VBP
identified	VBN
as	IN
being	VBG
in	IN
danger	NN
of	IN
failing	VBG
to	TO
read	VB
at	IN
grade	NN
level	NN
by	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
to	TO
receive	VB
intensive	JJ
reading	VBG
instruction	NN
during	IN
their	PRP$
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
reading	NN
time	NN
throughout	IN
the	DT
regular	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
state	NN
board	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
required	VBN
to	TO
promulgate	VB
new	JJ
rules	NNS
if	IN
legislative	JJ
rules	NNS
meeting	VBG
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
article	NN
three-b	JJ
,	,
chapter	NN
twenty-nine-a	NN
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
filed	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
office	NN
of	IN
the	DT
secretary	NN
of	IN
state	NN
before	IN
the	DT
effective	JJ
date	NN
of	IN
this	DT
section	NN
.	.
The	DT
state	NN
board	NN
shall	MD
establish	VB
by	IN
rule	NN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
article	NN
three-b	JJ
,	,
chapter	NN
twenty-nine-a	NN
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
,	,
a	DT
system	NN
of	IN
education	NN
performance	NN
audits	NN
which	WDT
measures	VBZ
the	DT
quality	NN
of	IN
education	NN
and	CC
the	DT
preparation	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
standards	NNS
and	CC
measures	NNS
of	IN
student	NN
,	,
school	NN
and	CC
school	NN
system	NN
performance	NN
and	CC
processes	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
,	,
the	DT
standards	NNS
and	CC
measures	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
subsections	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
section	NN
.	.
The	DT
system	NN
of	IN
education	NN
performance	NN
audits	NN
shall	MD
assist	VB
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
in	IN
ensuring	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
standards	NNS
and	CC
measures	NNS
established	VBN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
this	DT
section	NN
are	VBP
,	,
at	IN
a	DT
minimum	NN
,	,
being	VBG
met	VBN
and	CC
that	IN
a	DT
thorough	JJ
and	CC
efficient	JJ
system	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
is	VBZ
being	VBG
provided	VBN
.	.
The	DT
system	NN
of	IN
education	NN
performance	NN
audits	NN
shall	MD
include	VB
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
The	DT
assessment	NN
of	IN
student	NN
,	,
school	NN
and	CC
school	NN
system	NN
performance	NN
and	CC
the	DT
processes	NNS
in	IN
place	NN
in	IN
schools	NNS
and	CC
school	NN
systems	NNS
which	WDT
enable	VBP
student	NN
performance	NN
;	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
review	NN
of	IN
school	NN
and	CC
school	NN
system	NN
unified	VBN
improvement	NN
plans	NNS
;	:
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
periodic	JJ
,	,
random	JJ
unannounced	JJ
on-site	JJ
review	NN
of	IN
school	NN
and	CC
school	NN
system	NN
performance	NN
and	CC
compliance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
standards	NNS
.	.
The	DT
office	NN
of	IN
education	NN
performance	NN
audits	NN
shall	MD
report	VB
the	DT
findings	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
reviews	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
for	IN
inclusion	NN
in	IN
the	DT
evaluation	NN
and	CC
determination	NN
of	IN
a	DT
school	NN
's	POS
or	CC
county	NN
board	NN
's	POS
accreditation	NN
or	CC
approval	NN
status	NN
as	IN
applicable	JJ
.	.
Whenever	NNP
a	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
given	VBN
probationary	JJ
temporary	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
shall	MD
implement	VB
an	DT
improvement	NN
plan	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
ensure	VB
that	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
unified	VBN
improvement	NN
plan	NN
is	VBZ
revised	VBN
to	TO
increase	VB
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
a	DT
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
level	NN
.	.
within	IN
one	CD
year	NN
The	DT
revised	VBN
unified	VBN
school	NN
improvement	NN
plan	NN
shall	MD
include	VB
objectives	NNS
,	,
a	DT
time	NN
line	NN
,	,
a	DT
plan	NN
for	IN
evaluation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
success	NN
of	IN
the	DT
improvements	NNS
,	,
cost	NN
estimates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
date	NN
certain	JJ
for	IN
achieving	VBG
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
.	.
The	DT
revised	VBN
plan	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
These	DT
circumstances	NNS
shall	MD
include	VB
,	,
but	CC
are	VBP
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
,	,
the	DT
failure	NN
of	IN
a	DT
school	NN
on	IN
temporary	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
to	TO
obtain	VB
approval	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
revised	VBN
unified	VBN
school	NN
improvement	NN
plan	NN
within	IN
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
time	NN
period	NN
as	IN
defined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
and	CC
the	DT
failure	NN
of	IN
a	DT
school	NN
on	IN
conditional	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
objectives	NNS
and	CC
time	NN
line	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
revised	VBN
unified	VBN
school	NN
improvement	NN
plan	NN
or	CC
to	TO
achieve	VB
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
by	IN
the	DT
date	NN
specified	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
revised	VBN
plan	NN
.	.
Whenever	NNP
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
determines	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
quality	NN
of	IN
education	NN
in	IN
a	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
seriously	RB
impaired	VBN
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
,	,
with	IN
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
,	,
shall	MD
appoint	VB
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
three	CD
improvement	NN
consultants	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
within	IN
sixty	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
appointment	NN
for	IN
correction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
impairment	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
recommendations	NNS
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
,	,
the	DT
recommendations	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
.	.
If	IN
progress	NN
in	IN
correcting	VBG
the	DT
impairment	NN
as	IN
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
made	VBN
within	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
receives	VBZ
of	IN
receipt	NN
of	IN
the	DT
recommendations	NNS
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
shall	MD
state	VB
board	NN
shall	MD
place	VB
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
on	IN
temporary	JJ
approval	NN
status	NN
and	CC
provide	VB
consultation	NN
and	CC
assistance	NN
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
to	TO
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
i	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
Improve	VB
personnel	NNS
management	NN
;	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
ii	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
establish	VB
more	RBR
efficient	JJ
financial	JJ
management	NN
practices	NNS
;	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
iii	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
improve	VB
instructional	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
rules	NNS
;	:
or	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
iv	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
make	VBP
such	JJ
other	JJ
improvements	NNS
as	IN
may	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
to	TO
correct	VB
the	DT
impairment	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
impairment	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
corrected	VBN
within	IN
one	CD
year	NN
of	IN
receipt	NN
of	IN
the	DT
recommendations	NNS
by	IN
a	DT
date	NN
certain	JJ
set	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
,	,
the	DT
district	NN
county	NN
board	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
probationary	JJ
approval	NN
status	NN
or	CC
nonapproval	JJ
status	NN
.	.
Conditional	JJ
approval	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
whose	WP$
education	NN
system	NN
meets	VBZ
at	IN
least	JJS
ninety-five	JJ
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
high	JJ
quality	NN
standards	NNS
adopted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
and	CC
in	IN
which	WDT
at	IN
least	JJS
ninety	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
given	VBN
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
provided	VBD
no	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
seriously	RB
impaired	VBN
.	.
Conditional	JJ
approval	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
for	IN
a	DT
period	NN
not	RB
to	TO
exceed	VB
one	CD
year	NN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	DT
for	IN
counties	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
fewer	JJR
than	IN
ten	CD
schools	NNS
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
may	MD
grant	VB
conditional	JJ
approval	NN
without	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
ninety	CD
percent	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
total	JJ
quality	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
education	NN
program	NN
.	.
This	DT
intervention	NN
may	MD
include	VB
,	,
but	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Limit	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
i	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
Limiting	VBG
the	DT
authority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
and	CC
county	NN
board	NN
as	IN
to	TO
the	DT
expenditure	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
,	,
the	DT
employment	NN
and	CC
dismissal	NN
of	IN
personnel	NNS
,	,
the	DT
establishment	NN
and	CC
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
calendar	NN
,	,
the	DT
establishment	NN
of	IN
instructional	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
rules	NNS
and	CC
such	JJ
other	JJ
areas	NNS
as	IN
may	MD
be	VB
designated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
by	IN
rule	NN
;	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
take	VBP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ii	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
taking	VBG
such	JJ
direct	JJ
action	NN
as	IN
may	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
to	TO
correct	VB
the	DT
impairment	NN
emergency	NN
;	:
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
declare	VBP
-LRB-	-LRB-
iii	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
declaring	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
office	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
is	VBZ
vacant	JJ
.	.
The	DT
teams	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
composed	VBN
of	IN
not	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
ten	CD
persons	NNS
,	,
not	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
half	NN
of	IN
whom	WP
may	MD
be	VB
members	NNS
of	IN
or	CC
currently	RB
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
,	,
who	WP
possess	VBP
the	DT
necessary	JJ
knowledge	NN
,	,
skills	NNS
and	CC
experience	NN
to	TO
make	VB
an	DT
accurate	JJ
assessment	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
education	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
The	DT
education	NN
standards	NNS
compliance	NN
team	NN
shall	MD
report	VB
the	DT
findings	NNS
of	IN
its	PRP$
on-site	JJ
reviews	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
for	IN
inclusion	NN
in	IN
the	DT
determination	NN
of	IN
a	DT
school	NN
's	POS
or	CC
district	NN
's	POS
accreditation	NN
or	CC
approval	NN
status	NN
as	IN
applicable	JJ
.	.
The	DT
state	NN
board	NN
shall	MD
encourage	VB
the	DT
sharing	NN
of	IN
information	NN
to	TO
improve	VB
school	NN
effectiveness	NN
among	IN
the	DT
districts	NNS
.	.
Amendments	NNS
to	TO
this	DT
section	NN
adopted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
in	IN
regular	JJ
session	NN
in	IN
the	DT
year	NN
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
ninety-eight	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
effective	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
July	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
ninety-eight	NN
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
create	VB
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
staff	NN
development	NN
advisory	JJ
council	NN
and	CC
eight	CD
regional	JJ
staff	NN
development	NN
councils	NNS
to	TO
coordinate	VB
the	DT
delivery	NN
of	IN
staff	NN
development	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
professional	JJ
education	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
presently	RB
an	DT
inadequate	JJ
and	CC
inefficient	JJ
delivery	NN
of	IN
staff	NN
development	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
professional	JJ
education	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
further	JJ
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
creation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
staff	NN
development	NN
advisory	JJ
council	NN
and	CC
regional	JJ
staff	NN
development	NN
councils	NNS
will	MD
assure	VB
the	DT
efficient	JJ
delivery	NN
of	IN
high	JJ
quality	NN
staff	NN
training	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
will	MD
further	RBR
assure	VB
that	DT
duplication	NN
of	IN
efforts	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
minimized	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
further	JJ
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
functions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
staff	NN
development	NN
advisory	JJ
council	NN
and	CC
regional	JJ
staff	NN
development	NN
councils	NNS
will	MD
assure	VB
that	IN
key	JJ
personnel	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
fully	RB
aware	JJ
of	IN
identified	VBN
needs	NNS
and	CC
programmatic	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
that	IN
all	DT
stakeholders	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
appropriately	RB
involved	VBN
in	IN
planning	NN
and	CC
implementing	VBG
programs	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
requisite	JJ
needs	NNS
and	CC
that	DT
high	JJ
quality	NN
staff	NN
development	NN
programs	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
public	JJ
school	NN
educators	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
efficient	JJ
manner	NN
.	.
The	DT
state	NN
department	NN
of	IN
education	NN
shall	MD
cause	VB
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
study	NN
to	TO
be	VB
made	VBN
relating	VBG
to	TO
student	NN
transportation	NN
.	.
The	DT
study	NN
shall	MD
examine	VB
,	,
but	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
,	,
the	DT
issues	NNS
of	IN
funding	NN
,	,
timeliness	NN
of	IN
data	NNS
used	VBN
for	IN
formula	NN
distribution	NN
,	,
service	NN
personnel	NNS
needed	VBN
,	,
inter-county	JJ
service	NN
,	,
regionalization	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
,	,
bus	NN
routes	NNS
,	,
amount	NN
of	IN
time	NN
students	NNS
spend	VBP
on	IN
buses	NNS
,	,
maintenance	NN
,	,
safety	NN
training	NN
,	,
and	CC
alternative	JJ
transportation	NN
systems	NNS
.	.
The	DT
state	NN
department	NN
of	IN
education	NN
shall	MD
submit	VB
a	DT
report	NN
of	IN
the	DT
study	NN
to	TO
the	DT
legislative	JJ
oversight	NN
commission	NN
on	IN
education	NN
accountability	NN
by	IN
the	DT
fifteenth	NN
day	NN
of	IN
January	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
ninety-nine	CD
.	.
In	IN
furtherance	NN
of	IN
this	DT
intent	NN
,	,
the	DT
center	NN
for	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
is	VBZ
continued	VBN
and	CC
reestablished	VBN
.	.
The	DT
general	JJ
mission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
center	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
study	VB
matters	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
quality	NN
of	IN
teaching	NN
and	CC
management	NN
in	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
and	CC
to	TO
promote	VB
the	DT
implementation	NN
primarily	RB
of	IN
statewide	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
practices	NNS
as	IN
recommended	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
to	TO
assure	VB
the	DT
highest	JJS
quality	NN
in	IN
teaching	NN
and	CC
management	NN
.	.
The	DT
center	NN
also	RB
may	MD
implement	VB
local	JJ
programs	NNS
if	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
,	,
in	IN
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
set	VBN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
section	NN
twenty-three-a	NN
,	,
article	NN
two	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
eighteen	CD
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
,	,
determines	VBZ
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
specific	JJ
local	JJ
need	NN
for	IN
the	DT
programs	NNS
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
the	DT
center	NN
shall	MD
also	RB
perform	VB
such	JJ
duties	NNS
as	IN
are	VBP
assigned	VBN
to	TO
it	PRP
by	IN
law	NN
.	.
The	DT
election	NN
and	CC
appointment	NN
of	IN
members	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
after	IN
the	DT
effective	JJ
date	NN
of	IN
this	DT
section	NN
.	.
Of	IN
the	DT
initial	JJ
members	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
one	CD
shall	MD
be	VB
elected	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
term	NN
of	IN
one	CD
year	NN
and	CC
two	CD
shall	MD
be	VB
elected	VBN
for	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
two	CD
years	NNS
.	.
All	DT
successive	JJ
elections	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
for	IN
two-year	JJ
terms	NNS
.	.
The	DT
state	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
shall	MD
elect	VB
another	DT
member	NN
to	TO
fill	VB
the	DT
unexpired	JJ
term	NN
of	IN
any	DT
person	NN
so	RB
elected	VBD
who	WP
subsequently	RB
vacates	VBZ
state	NN
board	NN
membership	NN
.	.
Of	IN
the	DT
initial	JJ
appointed	VBN
members	NNS
,	,
three	CD
shall	MD
be	VB
appointed	VBN
for	IN
one-year	JJ
terms	NNS
and	CC
three	CD
shall	MD
be	VB
appointed	VBN
for	IN
two-year	JJ
terms	NNS
.	.
All	DT
successive	JJ
appointments	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
for	IN
two-year	JJ
terms	NNS
.	.
The	DT
governor	NN
shall	MD
appoint	VB
a	DT
new	JJ
member	NN
to	TO
fill	VB
the	DT
unexpired	JJ
term	NN
of	IN
any	DT
vacancy	NN
in	IN
the	DT
appointed	VBN
membership	NN
.	.
The	DT
center	NN
for	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
board	NN
shall	MD
meet	VB
at	IN
least	JJS
quarterly	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
appointed	VBN
members	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
reimbursed	VBN
for	IN
reasonable	JJ
and	CC
necessary	JJ
expenses	NNS
actually	RB
incurred	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
official	JJ
duties	NNS
from	IN
funds	NNS
appropriated	VBN
or	CC
otherwise	RB
made	VBN
available	JJ
for	IN
such	JJ
purposes	NNS
upon	IN
submission	NN
of	IN
an	DT
itemized	VBN
statement	NN
therefor	RB
.	.
The	DT
secretary	NN
of	IN
education	NN
and	CC
the	DT
arts	NNS
board	NN
chair	NN
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
advice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
center	NN
board	NN
,	,
from	IN
appropriations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
center	NN
for	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
,	,
may	MD
employ	VB
and	CC
fix	VB
the	DT
compensation	NN
of	IN
an	DT
executive	JJ
director	NN
with	IN
knowledge	NN
and	CC
experience	NN
in	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
and	CC
management	NN
principles	NNS
and	CC
such	JJ
other	JJ
persons	NNS
as	IN
may	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
to	TO
carry	VB
out	RP
the	DT
mission	NN
and	CC
duties	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
center	NN
.	.
When	WRB
practical	JJ
,	,
personnel	NNS
employed	VBN
by	IN
state	NN
higher	JJR
education	NN
agencies	NNS
and	CC
state	NN
,	,
regional	JJ
and	CC
county	NN
public	JJ
education	NN
agencies	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
center	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
in	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
projects	NNS
of	IN
limited	JJ
duration	NN
.	.
The	DT
center	NN
shall	MD
assist	VB
in	IN
the	DT
delivery	NN
of	IN
programs	NNS
and	CC
activities	NNS
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
this	DT
article	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
statewide	RB
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
needed	VBN
as	IN
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
goals	NNS
set	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
section	NN
twenty-three-a	NN
,	,
article	NN
two	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
eighteen	CD
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
,	,
the	DT
local	JJ
professional	JJ
development	NN
needs	NNS
of	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
principals	NNS
and	CC
administrators	NNS
and	CC
may	MD
contract	VB
with	IN
existing	VBG
agencies	NNS
or	CC
agencies	NNS
created	VBN
after	IN
the	DT
effective	JJ
date	NN
of	IN
this	DT
section	NN
or	CC
others	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
training	NN
programs	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
efficient	JJ
manner	NN
.	.
Existing	VBG
programs	NNS
currently	RB
based	VBN
in	IN
agencies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
continued	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
origin	NN
unless	IN
the	DT
center	NN
establishes	VBZ
a	DT
compelling	JJ
need	NN
to	TO
transfer	VB
or	CC
cancel	VB
the	DT
existing	VBG
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
center	NN
shall	MD
recommend	VB
to	TO
the	DT
governor	NN
the	DT
transfer	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
providing	VBG
agency	NN
,	,
if	IN
needed	VBN
,	,
to	TO
provide	VB
programs	NNS
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
center	NN
.	.
Subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
section	NN
twenty-three-a	NN
,	,
article	NN
two	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
eighteen	CD
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
,	,
through	IN
this	DT
project	NN
the	DT
center	NN
shall	MD
develop	VB
training	NN
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
developmental	JJ
instruction	NN
with	IN
an	DT
emphasis	NN
in	IN
grades	NNS
kindergarten	NN
through	IN
grade	NN
four	CD
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
thirty-one	CD
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
;	:
to	TO
amend	VB
and	CC
reenact	VB
sections	NNS
three	CD
,	,
four	CD
,	,
five	CD
,	,
six	CD
,	,
seven	CD
and	CC
ten	CD
,	,
article	NN
six-a	NN
,	,
chapter	NN
twenty-nine	CD
of	IN
said	VBD
code	NN
;	:
and	CC
to	TO
further	JJ
amend	VB
said	VBD
article	NN
by	IN
adding	VBG
thereto	RB
a	DT
new	JJ
section	NN
,	,
designated	VBN
section	NN
twelve	CD
,	,
all	DT
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
education	NN
and	CC
public	JJ
employees	NNS
grievance	NN
process	NN
;	:
providing	VBG
for	IN
expedited	VBN
grievance	NN
processes	NNS
;	:
expanding	VBG
the	DT
jurisdiction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
;	:
changing	VBG
the	DT
default	NN
provisions	NNS
;	:
giving	VBG
board	NN
procedural	JJ
jurisdiction	NN
at	IN
levels	NNS
two	CD
and	CC
three	CD
;	:
allowing	VBG
mediation	NN
at	IN
the	DT
request	NN
of	IN
any	DT
party	NN
;	:
allowing	VBG
appeals	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
filed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
circuit	NN
court	NN
of	IN
Kanawha	NNP
County	NNP
;	:
and	CC
increasing	VBG
the	DT
cap	NN
on	IN
attorney	NN
's	POS
fees	NNS
for	IN
prevailing	VBG
grievants	NNS
.	.
A	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
removed	VBN
from	IN
office	NN
except	IN
for	IN
official	JJ
misconduct	NN
,	,
incompetence	NN
,	,
neglect	NN
of	IN
duty	NN
,	,
gross	JJ
immorality	NN
or	CC
malfeasance	NN
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
only	RB
in	IN
the	DT
manner	NN
prescribed	VBN
in	IN
article	NN
six	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
six	CD
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
for	IN
the	DT
removal	NN
by	IN
the	DT
governor	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
elected	VBD
officers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
shall	MD
hold	VB
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
meetings	NNS
yearly	JJ
at	IN
such	JJ
times	NNS
and	CC
places	NNS
as	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
prescribe	VB
and	CC
may	MD
meet	VB
at	IN
other	JJ
times	NNS
as	IN
may	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
,	,
such	JJ
the	DT
other	JJ
meetings	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
agreed	VBN
to	TO
in	IN
writing	VBG
by	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
of	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
.	.
The	DT
compensation	NN
for	IN
Mmembers	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
shall	MD
each	DT
be	VB
paid	VBN
is	VBZ
seventy-five	JJ
dollars	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
calendar	NN
day	NN
devoted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
work	NN
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
seven	CD
hundred	CD
and	CC
fifty	CD
dollars	NNS
during	IN
any	DT
one	CD
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
.	.
Each	DT
member	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
reimbursed	VBN
for	IN
all	DT
reasonable	JJ
and	CC
necessary	JJ
expenses	NNS
actually	RB
incurred	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
board	NN
duties	NNS
,	,
but	CC
shall	MD
submit	VB
a	DT
request	NN
therefor	RB
for	IN
reimbursement	NN
upon	IN
a	DT
sworn	VBN
itemized	VBN
statement	NN
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
is	VBZ
hereby	RB
authorized	VBN
and	CC
required	VBN
to	TO
administer	VB
shall	MD
administer	VB
the	DT
grievance	NN
procedure	NN
at	IN
levels	NNS
two	CD
,	,
three	CD
and	CC
four	CD
,	,
as	IN
provided	VBN
in	IN
section	NN
five	CD
,	,
article	NN
six-a	NN
,	,
chapter	NN
twenty-nine	CD
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
,	,
and	CC
as	IN
provided	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
section	NN
four	CD
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
employ	VB
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
full-time	JJ
hearing	NN
examiners	NNS
on	IN
an	DT
annual	JJ
basis	NN
and	CC
clerical	JJ
help	NN
as	IN
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
to	TO
implement	VB
the	DT
legislative	JJ
intent	NN
expressed	VBN
in	IN
section	NN
one	CD
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
authorization	NN
granted	VBN
by	IN
this	DT
section	NN
over	IN
education	NN
employees	NNS
,	,
the	DT
board	NN
has	VBZ
jurisdiction	NN
over	IN
the	DT
procedures	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
followed	VBN
in	IN
processing	VBG
grievances	NNS
filed	VBN
under	IN
article	NN
six-a	NN
,	,
chapter	NN
twenty-nine	CD
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
shall	MD
hire	VB
hearing	NN
examiners	NNS
who	WP
reside	VBP
in	IN
different	JJ
regional	JJ
educational	JJ
service	NN
agency	NN
areas	NNS
unless	IN
and	CC
until	IN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
hearing	NN
examiners	NNS
exceeds	VBZ
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
the	DT
areas	NNS
,	,
at	IN
which	WDT
time	NN
two	CD
hearing	NN
examiners	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
from	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
such	JJ
area	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
grievant	JJ
previously	RB
before	IN
a	DT
hearing	NN
examiner	NN
again	RB
brings	VBZ
a	DT
grievance	NN
,	,
a	DT
different	JJ
hearing	NN
examiner	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
hear	VB
the	DT
grievance	NN
upon	IN
written	VBN
request	NN
therefor	RB
by	IN
any	DT
party	NN
to	TO
the	DT
grievance	NN
.	.
These	DT
hearing	VBG
examiners	NNS
shall	MD
serve	VB
at	IN
the	DT
will	NN
and	CC
pleasure	NN
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
.	.
Legislature	NNP
regarding	VBG
receipts	NNS
and	CC
expenditures	NNS
,	,
number	NN
of	IN
level	NN
four	CD
hearings	NNS
conducted	VBN
,	,
synopses	NNS
of	IN
hearing	VBG
outcomes	NNS
and	CC
such	JJ
other	JJ
information	NN
as	IN
the	DT
board	NN
may	MD
deem	VB
determines	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
shall	MD
further	RB
evaluate	VB
on	IN
an	DT
annual	JJ
basis	NN
the	DT
level	NN
four	CD
grievance	NN
process	NN
and	CC
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
all	DT
hearing	VBG
examiners	NNS
and	CC
include	VBP
the	DT
evaluation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
annual	JJ
report	NN
to	TO
the	DT
governor	NN
and	CC
Legislature	NNP
.	.
In	IN
making	VBG
such	JJ
the	DT
evaluation	NN
,	,
the	DT
board	NN
shall	MD
notify	VB
all	DT
institutions	NNS
,	,
employee	NN
organizations	NNS
and	CC
all	DT
grievants	NNS
participating	VBG
in	IN
level	NN
four	CD
grievances	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
year	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
evaluation	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
made	VBN
and	CC
shall	MD
provide	VB
for	IN
the	DT
submission	NN
of	IN
written	VBN
comment	NN
and\/or	CC
the	DT
hearing	NN
of	IN
testimony	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
grievance	NN
process	NN
,	,
or	CC
both	DT
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
shall	MD
provide	VB
suitable	JJ
office	NN
space	NN
for	IN
all	DT
hearing	VBG
examiners	NNS
in	IN
space	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
that	DT
utilized	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
institution	NN
as	IN
defined	VBN
in	IN
section	NN
two	CD
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
ensure	VB
that	IN
reference	NN
materials	NNS
are	VBP
generally	RB
available	JJ
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
is	VBZ
authorized	VBN
to	TO
promulgate	VB
rules	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
,	,
;	:
such	JJ
the	DT
rules	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
to	TO
shall	MD
be	VB
adopted	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
chapter	NN
twenty-nine-a	NN
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
.	.
The	DT
grievant	NN
prevails	VBZ
by	IN
default	NN
if	IN
a	DT
grievance	NN
evaluator	NN
required	VBN
to	TO
respond	VB
to	TO
a	DT
grievance	NN
at	IN
any	DT
level	NN
fails	VBZ
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
required	JJ
response	NN
in	IN
the	DT
time	NN
limits	NNS
required	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
article	NN
,	,
unless	IN
prevented	VBN
from	IN
doing	VBG
so	RB
directly	RB
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
sickness	NN
,	,
injury	NN
,	,
excusable	JJ
neglect	NN
,	,
unavoidable	JJ
cause	NN
or	CC
fraud	NN
.	.
Within	IN
five	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
receipt	NN
of	IN
a	DT
written	VBN
notice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
default	NN
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
may	MD
request	VB
a	DT
hearing	NN
before	IN
a	DT
level	NN
four	CD
hearing	NN
examiner	NN
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
showing	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
remedy	NN
received	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
prevailing	VBG
grievant	NN
is	VBZ
contrary	JJ
to	TO
law	NN
or	CC
clearly	RB
wrong	JJ
.	.
In	IN
making	VBG
a	DT
determination	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
remedy	NN
,	,
the	DT
hearing	NN
examiner	NN
shall	MD
presume	VB
the	DT
employee	NN
prevailed	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
merits	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
grievance	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
determine	VB
whether	IN
the	DT
remedy	NN
is	VBZ
contrary	JJ
to	TO
law	NN
or	CC
clearly	RB
wrong	JJ
in	IN
light	NN
of	IN
that	DT
presumption	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
examiner	NN
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
remedy	NN
is	VBZ
contrary	JJ
to	TO
law	NN
,	,
or	CC
clearly	RB
wrong	JJ
,	,
the	DT
examiner	NN
may	MD
modify	VB
the	DT
remedy	NN
to	TO
be	VB
granted	VBN
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
law	NN
and	CC
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
grievant	JJ
whole	NN
.	.
Within	IN
ten	CD
days	NNS
following	VBG
the	DT
occurrence	NN
of	IN
the	DT
event	NN
upon	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
grievance	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
,	,
or	CC
within	IN
ten	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
date	NN
on	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
event	NN
became	VBD
known	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
grievant	NN
,	,
or	CC
within	IN
ten	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
recent	JJ
occurrence	NN
of	IN
a	DT
continuing	VBG
practice	NN
giving	VBG
rise	NN
to	TO
a	DT
grievance	NN
,	,
the	DT
grievant	NN
or	CC
the	DT
designated	VBN
representative	NN
,	,
or	CC
both	DT
,	,
may	MD
file	VB
a	DT
written	VBN
grievance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
immediate	JJ
supervisor	NN
of	IN
the	DT
grievant	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
request	NN
of	IN
the	DT
grievant	NN
or	CC
the	DT
immediate	JJ
supervisor	NN
,	,
an	DT
informal	JJ
conference	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
to	TO
discuss	VB
the	DT
grievance	NN
within	IN
three	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
receipt	NN
of	IN
the	DT
written	VBN
grievance	NN
.	.
The	DT
immediate	JJ
supervisor	NN
shall	MD
issue	VB
a	DT
written	VBN
decision	NN
within	IN
six	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
receipt	NN
of	IN
the	DT
written	VBN
grievance	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
grievance	NN
alleges	VBZ
discrimination	NN
or	CC
retaliation	NN
by	IN
the	DT
immediate	JJ
supervisor	NN
of	IN
the	DT
grievant	NN
,	,
the	DT
level	NN
one	CD
filing	NN
may	MD
be	VB
waived	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
grievant	NN
and	CC
the	DT
grievance	NN
may	MD
be	VB
initiated	VBN
at	IN
level	NN
two	CD
with	IN
the	DT
administrator	NN
or	CC
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
designee	NN
,	,
within	IN
the	DT
time	NN
limits	VBZ
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
this	DT
subsection	NN
for	IN
filing	VBG
a	DT
grievance	NN
at	IN
level	NN
one	CD
.	.
A	DT
meeting	NN
may	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
to	TO
discuss	VB
the	DT
issues	NNS
in	IN
dispute	NN
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
required	VBN
.	.
Within	IN
five	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
receiving	VBG
the	DT
decision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
immediate	JJ
supervisor	NN
,	,
the	DT
grievant	NN
may	MD
file	VB
a	DT
written	JJ
appeal	NN
to	TO
the	DT
administrator	NN
of	IN
the	DT
grievant	NN
's	POS
work	NN
location	NN
,	,
facility	NN
,	,
area	NN
office	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
appropriate	JJ
subdivision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
department	NN
,	,
board	NN
,	,
commission	NN
or	CC
agency	NN
.	.
The	DT
administrator	NN
or	CC
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
designee	NN
shall	MD
hold	VB
a	DT
conference	NN
within	IN
five	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
receipt	NN
of	IN
the	DT
appeal	NN
and	CC
issue	VB
a	DT
written	VBN
decision	NN
upon	IN
the	DT
appeal	NN
within	IN
five	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
conference	NN
.	.
Within	IN
five	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
receiving	VBG
the	DT
decision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
administrator	NN
of	IN
the	DT
grievant	NN
's	POS
work	NN
location	NN
,	,
facility	NN
,	,
area	NN
office	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
appropriate	JJ
subdivision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
department	NN
,	,
board	NN
,	,
commission	NN
or	CC
agency	NN
,	,
the	DT
grievant	NN
may	MD
file	VB
a	DT
written	JJ
appeal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
decision	NN
with	IN
the	DT
chief	NN
administrator	NN
of	IN
the	DT
grievant	NN
's	POS
employing	VBG
department	NN
,	,
board	NN
,	,
commission	NN
or	CC
agency	NN
.	.
A	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
appeal	NN
and	CC
the	DT
level	NN
two	CD
decision	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
served	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
personnel	NNS
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
civil	JJ
service	NN
commission	NN
division	NN
of	IN
personnel	NNS
by	IN
the	DT
grievant	NN
.	.
The	DT
chief	JJ
administrator	NN
or	CC
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
designee	NN
shall	MD
hold	VB
a	DT
hearing	NN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
section	NN
six	CD
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
within	IN
seven	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
receiving	VBG
the	DT
appeal	NN
.	.
The	DT
personnel	NNS
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
civil	JJ
service	NN
commission	NN
division	NN
of	IN
personnel	NNS
or	CC
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
designee	NN
may	MD
appear	VB
at	IN
the	DT
hearing	NN
and	CC
submit	VB
oral	JJ
or	CC
written	JJ
evidence	NN
upon	IN
the	DT
matters	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
hearing	NN
.	.
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	DT
such	JJ
the	DT
hearing	NN
may	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
within	IN
thirty	CD
days	NNS
following	VBG
the	DT
request	NN
,	,
or	CC
within	IN
a	DT
time	NN
that	IN
as	IN
is	VBZ
mutually	RB
agreed	VBN
upon	IN
by	IN
the	DT
parties	NNS
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
hearing	NN
examiner	NN
gives	VBZ
reasonable	JJ
cause	NN
,	,
in	IN
writing	NN
,	,
as	IN
to	TO
the	DT
necessity	NN
for	IN
such	JJ
the	DT
delay	NN
.	.
A	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
appeal	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
served	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
grievant	NN
upon	IN
the	DT
director	NN
of	IN
personnel	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
civil	JJ
service	NN
commission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
division	NN
of	IN
personnel	NNS
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
of	IN
personnel	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
civil	JJ
service	NN
commission	NN
the	DT
division	NN
of	IN
personnel	NNS
,	,
or	CC
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
designee	NN
,	,
may	MD
appear	VB
at	IN
such	JJ
the	DT
hearing	NN
and	CC
submit	VB
oral	JJ
or	CC
written	JJ
evidence	NN
upon	IN
the	DT
matters	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
hearing	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
budget	NN
required	VBN
for	IN
submission	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
by	IN
virtue	NN
of	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
section	NN
five	CD
,	,
article	NN
twenty-nine	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
eighteen	CD
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
,	,
the	DT
board	NN
shall	MD
submit	VB
a	DT
yearly	JJ
budget	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
report	VB
annually	RB
to	TO
the	DT
governor	NN
and	CC
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
regarding	VBG
proceedings	NNS
conducted	VBN
under	IN
this	DT
article	NN
,	,
including	VBG
receipts	NNS
and	CC
expenditures	NNS
,	,
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
level	NN
four	CD
hearings	NNS
conducted	VBN
,	,
synopses	NNS
of	IN
hearing	VBG
outcomes	NNS
and	CC
such	JJ
other	JJ
information	NN
as	IN
the	DT
board	NN
may	MD
deem	VB
determines	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
shall	MD
further	RB
evaluate	VB
on	IN
an	DT
annual	JJ
basis	NN
the	DT
level	NN
four	CD
grievance	NN
process	NN
and	CC
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
all	DT
hearing	VBG
examiners	NNS
and	CC
include	VBP
such	JJ
the	DT
evaluation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
annual	JJ
report	NN
to	TO
the	DT
governor	NN
and	CC
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
.	.
In	IN
making	VBG
such	JJ
the	DT
evaluation	NN
the	DT
board	NN
shall	MD
notify	VB
all	DT
employers	NNS
,	,
employee	NN
organizations	NNS
,	,
the	DT
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
civil	JJ
service	NN
commission	NN
division	NN
of	IN
personnel	NNS
and	CC
all	DT
grievants	NNS
participating	VBG
in	IN
level	NN
four	CD
grievances	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
year	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
evaluation	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
made	VBN
and	CC
shall	MD
provide	VB
for	IN
the	DT
submission	NN
of	IN
written	VBN
comment	NN
and\/or	CC
the	DT
hearing	NN
of	IN
testimony	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
grievance	NN
process	NN
,	,
or	CC
both	DT
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
shall	MD
provide	VB
suitable	JJ
office	NN
space	NN
for	IN
all	DT
hearing	VBG
examiners	NNS
in	IN
space	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
that	DT
utilized	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
employer	NN
as	IN
defined	VBN
in	IN
section	NN
two	CD
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
ensure	VB
that	IN
reference	NN
materials	NNS
are	VBP
generally	RB
available	JJ
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
shall	MD
provide	VB
forms	NNS
for	IN
filing	VBG
grievances	NNS
,	,
giving	VBG
notice	NN
,	,
taking	VBG
appeals	NNS
,	,
making	VBG
reports	NNS
and	CC
recommendations	NNS
and	CC
such	JJ
other	JJ
documents	NNS
as	IN
the	DT
board	NN
deems	VBZ
determines	VBZ
necessary	JJ
for	IN
any	DT
stage	NN
of	IN
a	DT
grievance	NN
under	IN
this	DT
article	NN
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
is	VBZ
authorized	VBN
to	TO
promulgate	VB
propose	VB
rules	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
for	IN
promulgation	NN
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
,	,
such	JJ
rules	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
adopted	VBN
and	CC
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
article	NN
three	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
twenty-nine-a	NN
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
.	.
If	IN
an	DT
employee	NN
shall	MD
appeals	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
circuit	NN
court	NN
an	DT
adverse	JJ
decision	NN
of	IN
a	DT
hearing	NN
examiner	NN
rendered	VBD
in	IN
a	DT
grievance	NN
proceeding	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
or	CC
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
defend	VB
an	DT
appeal	NN
and	CC
such	JJ
the	DT
person	NN
substantially	RB
prevails	VBZ
,	,
the	DT
adverse	JJ
party	NN
or	CC
parties	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
is	VBZ
liable	JJ
to	TO
such	JJ
the	DT
employee	NN
,	,
upon	IN
final	JJ
judgment	NN
or	CC
order	NN
,	,
for	IN
court	NN
costs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
for	IN
reasonable	JJ
attorney	NN
's	POS
fees	NNS
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
set	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
court	NN
,	,
for	IN
representing	VBG
such	JJ
the	DT
employee	NN
in	IN
all	DT
administrative	JJ
hearings	NNS
and	CC
before	IN
the	DT
circuit	NN
court	NN
and	CC
the	DT
supreme	JJ
court	NN
of	IN
appeals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
shall	MD
be	VB
is	VBZ
further	JJ
liable	JJ
to	TO
such	JJ
the	DT
employee	NN
for	IN
any	DT
court	NN
reporter	NN
's	POS
costs	NNS
incurred	VBN
during	IN
any	DT
such	JJ
administrative	JJ
hearings	NNS
or	CC
court	NN
proceedings	NNS
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	DT
in	IN
no	DT
event	NN
shall	MD
such	JJ
attorney	NN
's	POS
fees	NNS
be	VB
awarded	VBN
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
a	DT
total	NN
of	IN
one	CD
thousand	CD
five	CD
hundred	CD
dollars	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
administrative	JJ
hearings	NNS
and	CC
circuit	NN
court	NN
proceedings	NNS
nor	CC
an	DT
additional	JJ
one	CD
thousand	CD
dollars	NNS
for	IN
supreme	JJ
court	NN
proceedings	NNS
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
That	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
section	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
construed	VBN
to	TO
limit	VB
the	DT
employee	NN
's	POS
right	NN
to	TO
recover	VB
reasonable	JJ
attorney	NN
's	POS
fees	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
mandamus	NN
proceeding	VBG
brought	VBN
under	IN
section	NN
nine	CD
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
the	DT
request	NN
of	IN
either	DT
party	NN
,	,
the	DT
board	NN
may	MD
require	VB
mediation	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
alternative	JJ
dispute	NN
resolution	NN
technique	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
the	DT
parties	NNS
in	IN
identifying	VBG
,	,
clarifying	VBG
and	CC
resolving	VBG
issues	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
grievance	NN
.	.
Mediation	NNP
may	MD
be	VB
requested	VBN
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
level	NN
four	CD
hearing	NN
.	.
All	DT
of	IN
the	DT
information	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
by	IN
parties	NNS
during	IN
mediation	NN
is	VBZ
and	CC
shall	MD
remain	VB
confidential	JJ
.	.
Mediators	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
called	VBN
as	RB
witnesses	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
testimony	NN
in	IN
unresolved	JJ
grievances	NNS
that	WDT
proceed	VBP
to	TO
a	DT
grievance	NN
hearing	NN
,	,
and	CC
any	DT
hearing	NN
examiner	NN
involved	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
mediation	NN
process	NN
may	MD
not	RB
hear	VB
the	DT
grievance	NN
or	CC
be	VB
consulted	VBN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
merits	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
grievance	NN
.	.
Under	IN
rules	NNS
established	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
higher	JJR
education	NN
governing	VBG
boards	NNS
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
residents	NNS
65	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
age	NN
or	CC
older	JJR
may	MD
attend	VB
classes	NNS
at	IN
state-supported	JJ
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
space-available	JJ
basis	NN
at	IN
a	DT
cost	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
other	JJ
than	IN
laboratory	NN
fees	NNS
and	CC
parking	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
not	RB
to	TO
exceed	VB
$	$
50	CD
for	IN
non-credit	JJ
courses	NNS
and	CC
50	CD
%	NN
of	IN
the	DT
normal	JJ
tuition	NN
and	CC
fees	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
credit	NN
course	NN
.	.
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
staff	NN
are	VBP
employed	VBN
upon	IN
recommendation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
and	CC
are	VBP
state	NN
employees	NNS
.	.
No	DT
representative	NN
or	CC
employee	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
is	VBZ
authorized	VBN
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
any	DT
employment	NN
contract	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
agreement	NN
.	.
Department	NNP
staff	NN
work	NN
under	IN
the	DT
direction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
supervision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
free	JJ
schools	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
and	CC
implementing	VBG
the	DT
policies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
necessary	JJ
tasks	NNS
as	IN
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
or	CC
his\/her	JJR
designee	NN
.	.
Each	DT
employee	NN
is	VBZ
``	``
at-will	NN
''	''
and	CC
subject	JJ
to	TO
termination	NN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
,	,
with	IN
or	CC
without	IN
notice	NN
,	,
cause	NN
,	,
or	CC
compensation	NN
.	.
The	DT
employment	NN
relationship	NN
between	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
employee	NN
may	MD
be	VB
terminated	VBN
by	IN
either	DT
party	NN
.	.
Reasons	NNS
for	IN
termination	NN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
include	VBP
,	,
but	CC
are	VBP
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
,	,
immorality	NN
,	,
incompetency	NN
,	,
cruelty	NN
,	,
insubordination	NN
,	,
intemperance	NN
,	,
willful	JJ
neglect	NN
of	IN
duty	NN
,	,
unsatisfactory	JJ
performance	NN
,	,
the	DT
conviction	NN
of	IN
a	DT
felony	NN
or	CC
a	DT
guilty	JJ
plea	NN
or	CC
a	DT
plea	NN
of	IN
nolo	JJ
contendere	NN
to	TO
a	DT
felony	NN
charge	NN
,	,
misuse	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
or	CC
property	NN
,	,
violations	NNS
of	IN
law	NN
or	CC
policies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
,	,
lack	NN
of	IN
need	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
lack	NN
or	CC
loss	NN
of	IN
funding	NN
.	.
The	DT
information	NN
provided	VBD
herein	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
convenience	NN
of	IN
the	DT
professional	JJ
educator	NN
only	RB
.	.
It	PRP
reflects	VBZ
the	DT
best	JJS
data	NNS
available	JJ
and	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
constitute	VB
an	DT
official	JJ
certification	NN
record	NN
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
errors	NNS
or	CC
omissions	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
electronic	JJ
record	NN
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Professional	NNP
Preparation	NNP
is	VBZ
happy	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
the	DT
forms	NNS
necessary	JJ
to	TO
make	VB
application	NN
for	IN
certification	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Below	IN
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
find	VB
the	DT
information	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
request	VB
licensure	NN
in	IN
our	PRP$
state	NN
.	.
Use	NNP
the	DT
Form	NN
4B	CD
to	TO
obtain	VB
a	DT
character	NN
recommendation	NN
from	IN
a	DT
person	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
a	DT
WV	NNP
County	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
employed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
educational	JJ
setting	NN
,	,
please	VB
obtain	VB
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
immediate	JJ
supervisor	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
employed	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
educational	JJ
setting	NN
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
obtain	VB
a	DT
recommendation	NN
from	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
or	CC
community	NN
leader	NN
.	.
Use	NN
this	DT
form	NN
to	TO
apply	VB
for	IN
an	DT
additional	JJ
endorsement	NN
gained	VBN
by	IN
completion	NN
of	IN
an	DT
approved	VBN
program	NN
or	CC
to	TO
add	VB
an	DT
endorsement	NN
listed	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
certificate	NN
issued	VBN
by	IN
another	DT
state	NN
.	.
Use	NN
to	TO
request	VB
a	DT
Duplicate	NNP
Certificate	NNP
.	.
Use	NN
this	DT
form	NN
when	WRB
applying	VBG
for	IN
recognition	NN
of	IN
hours	NNS
completed	VBN
towards	IN
an	DT
advanced	JJ
degree	NN
or	CC
salary	NN
or	CC
when	WRB
requesting	VBG
recognition	NN
of	IN
certification	NN
through	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Board	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Standards	NNPS
.	.
Use	NN
this	DT
form	NN
when	WRB
applying	VBG
for	IN
reimbursement	NN
of	IN
fees	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
coursework	NN
taken	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
renewal	NN
of	IN
a	DT
certificate	NN
or	CC
for	IN
course	NN
taken	VBN
towards	IN
the	DT
completion	NN
of	IN
a	DT
program	NN
in	IN
a	DT
verified	VBN
shortage	NN
area	NN
.	.
Use	NN
this	DT
form	NN
when	WRB
applying	VBG
for	IN
reimbursement	NN
of	IN
fees	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
move	NN
after	IN
employment	NN
has	VBZ
ceased	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
County	NNP
due	JJ
to	TO
reduction	NN
in	IN
force	NN
and	CC
you	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
hired	VBN
in	IN
another	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
Use	NN
this	DT
form	NN
when	WRB
applying	VBG
for	IN
an	DT
original	JJ
career\/technical	JJ
certificate	NN
,	,
renewing	VBG
an	DT
existing	VBG
certificate	NN
,	,
requesting	VBG
permanent	JJ
career	NN
technical	JJ
certificate	NN
,	,
or	CC
adding	VBG
an	DT
endorsement	NN
to	TO
an	DT
existing	VBG
career	NN
technical	JJ
certificate	NN
.	.
A	DT
step-by-step	JJ
format	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
created	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
teachers	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
answer	NN
this	DT
question	NN
.	.
The	DT
computer	NN
will	MD
guide	VB
you	PRP
through	IN
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
yes\/no	JJ
questions	NNS
.	.
Simply	RB
answer	VB
``	``
yes	UH
''	''
or	CC
``	``
no	DT
''	''
to	TO
each	DT
question	NN
prompted	VBD
and	CC
your	PRP$
``	``
highly	RB
qualified	VBN
''	''
status	NN
will	MD
be	VB
determined	VBN
according	VBG
to	TO
guidelines	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
Individuals	NNS
with	IN
Disabilities	NNP
Education	NNP
Act	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
IDEA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Answer	VB
the	DT
first	JJ
question	NN
below	IN
and	CC
continue	VB
through	IN
the	DT
process	NN
to	TO
find	VB
out	RP
if	IN
you	PRP
meet	VBP
the	DT
definition	NN
of	IN
highly	RB
qualified	VBN
.	.
Certificates	NNS
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
are	VBP
made	VBN
effective	JJ
the	DT
last	JJ
day	NN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
licensure	NN
were	VBD
met	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
graduation	NN
,	,
passing	VBG
Praxis	NNP
II	NNP
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
provided	VBD
the	DT
application	NN
was	VBD
received	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
within	IN
three	CD
months	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
date	NN
all	DT
requirements	NNS
were	VBD
met	VBN
.	.
Requests	NNS
for	IN
licensure	NN
received	VBD
more	JJR
than	IN
three	CD
months	NNS
after	IN
all	DT
requirements	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
met	VBN
will	MD
be	VB
dated	VBN
three	CD
months	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
date	NN
the	DT
application	NN
was	VBD
received	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
.	.
Teaching	VBG
Certificates	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
renewed	VBN
using	VBG
one	CD
of	IN
three	CD
different	JJ
options	NNS
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
six	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
coursework	NN
from	IN
an	DT
accredited	VBN
institution	NN
on	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
certificate	NN
being	VBG
renewed	VBN
reflects	VBZ
an	DT
advanced	JJ
salary	NN
classification	NN
of	IN
MA	NNP
+30	CD
of	IN
higher	JJR
;	:
or	CC
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
applicant	NN
has	VBZ
reached	VBN
age	NN
60	CD
.	.
An	DT
application	NN
for	IN
renewal	NN
can	MD
be	VB
located	VBN
online	NN
at	IN
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/forms/index.html	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
four	CD
basic	JJ
options	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
educators	NNS
who	WP
need	VBP
to	TO
renew	VB
a	DT
certificate	NN
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
courses	NNS
required	VBN
in	IN
program	NN
leading	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
master	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
program	NN
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
courses	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
improvement	NN
of	IN
instruction	NN
and	CC
to	TO
the	DT
educator	NN
's	POS
assignment	NN
and\/or	CC
certification	NN
area	NN
;	:
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
courses	NNS
needed	VBN
to	TO
qualify	VB
for	IN
an	DT
additional	JJ
endorsement	NN
;	:
OR	NNP
4	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
courses	NNS
that	WDT
were	VBD
prescribed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
an	DT
evaluation	NN
.	.
The	DT
coursework	NN
may	MD
be	VB
either	RB
graduate	JJ
or	CC
undergraduate	JJ
,	,
but	CC
must	MD
meet	VB
the	DT
following	VBG
criteria	NNS
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
be	VB
completed	VBN
at	IN
an	DT
accredited	VBN
institution	NN
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
reflect	VBP
a	DT
grade	NN
point	NN
average	NN
of	IN
3.0	CD
or	CC
higher	JJR
;	:
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
be	VB
completed	VBN
after	IN
the	DT
effective	JJ
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
certificate	NN
being	VBG
renewed	VBN
;	:
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
be	VB
completed	VBN
within	IN
a	DT
five	CD
period	NN
preceding	VBG
the	DT
date	NN
the	DT
application	NN
for	IN
renewal	NN
was	VBD
received	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
.	.
Applicants	NNS
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
to	TO
convert	VB
to	TO
a	DT
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Certificate	NNP
valid	JJ
for	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
provided	VBN
they	PRP
meet	VBP
the	DT
following	JJ
requirements	NNS
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
holds	VBZ
an	DT
Initial	JJ
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Certificate	NNP
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
meets	VBZ
the	DT
renewal	NN
requirements	NNS
for	IN
that	DT
certificate	NN
;	:
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
successfully	RB
completes	VBZ
the	DT
beginning	NN
teacher	NN
internship	NN
,	,
4	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
completes	VBZ
two	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
educational	JJ
experience	NN
within	IN
one	CD
or	CC
a	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
the	DT
endorsements	NNS
listed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
certificate	NN
being	VBG
considered	VBN
for	IN
conversion	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
one	CD
year	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
must	MD
in	IN
WV	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
5	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
receives	VBZ
the	DT
recommendation	NN
for	IN
certification	NN
;	:
6	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
submits	VBZ
the	DT
Form	NN
4	CD
available	JJ
at	IN
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/forms/index.html	NN
along	IN
with	IN
proper	JJ
fees	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
two	CD
pathways	NNS
to	TO
permanent	JJ
certification	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
applicants	NNS
eligible	JJ
to	TO
convert	VB
to	TO
a	DT
Permanent	NNP
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Certificate	NNP
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
requires	VBZ
an	DT
applicant	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
following	VBG
criteria	NNS
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
holds	VBZ
or	CC
is	VBZ
eligible	JJ
to	TO
hold	VB
a	DT
Professional	JJ
Teaching	NNP
Certificate	NNP
valid	JJ
for	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
holds	VBZ
a	DT
master	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
program	NN
;	:
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
completes	VBZ
five	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
educational	JJ
experience	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
two	CD
of	IN
which	WDT
must	MD
be	VB
within	IN
the	DT
endorsements	NNS
area	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
listed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
certificate	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
receives	VBZ
the	DT
recommendation	NN
for	IN
certification	NN
;	:
5	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
submits	VBZ
the	DT
Form	NN
4	CD
available	JJ
at	IN
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/forms/index.html	NN
along	IN
with	IN
proper	JJ
fees	NNS
.	.
The	DT
other	JJ
option	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
educators	NNS
allows	VBZ
a	DT
permanent	JJ
certificate	NN
to	TO
be	VB
issued	VBN
to	TO
educators	NNS
who	WP
meet	VBP
the	DT
following	VBG
criteria	NNS
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
completes	VBZ
two	CD
renewals	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Professional	NNP
Certificate	NNP
valid	JJ
for	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
receives	VBZ
the	DT
recommendation	NN
for	IN
certification	NN
;	:
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
submits	VBZ
the	DT
Form	NN
4	CD
available	JJ
at	IN
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/forms/index.html	NN
along	IN
with	IN
proper	JJ
fees	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
employed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
WV	NNP
public	JJ
school	NN
system	NN
or	CC
have	VB
been	VBN
employed	VBN
within	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
year	NN
,	,
you	PRP
must	MD
obtain	VB
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
superintendent	NN
of	IN
that	DT
system	NN
.	.
If	IN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
employed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
system	NN
in	IN
WV	NNP
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
obtain	VB
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
most	RBS
recent	JJ
educational	JJ
supervisor	NN
provided	VBD
employment	NN
severance	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
greater	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
year	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
employed	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
educational	JJ
setting	NN
,	,
you	PRP
may	MD
submit	VB
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
current	JJ
employer	NN
or	CC
community	NN
leader	NN
.	.
You	PRP
must	MD
contact	VB
your	PRP$
county	NN
certification	NN
office	NN
so	RB
that	IN
the	DT
county	NN
may	MD
verify	VB
your	PRP$
eligibility	NN
for	IN
tuition	NN
reimbursement	NN
.	.
If	IN
eligible	JJ
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
complete	VB
and	CC
submit	VB
a	DT
Form	NN
36	CD
application	NN
for	IN
tuition	NN
reimbursement	NN
and	CC
obtain	VB
your	PRP$
county	NN
superintendent	NN
's	POS
signature	NN
.	.
All	DT
coursework	NN
being	VBG
claimed	VBN
for	IN
reimbursement	NN
must	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
within	IN
the	DT
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
coursework	NN
was	VBD
completed	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
beginning	VBG
each	DT
July	NNP
1	CD
and	CC
ending	VBG
the	DT
following	VBG
June	NNP
15	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
application	NN
and	CC
required	VBN
W-9	JJ
tax	NN
form	NN
are	VBP
located	VBN
online	NN
at	IN
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/forms/index.html	NN
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
apply	VB
for	IN
an	DT
advanced	JJ
salary	NN
classification	NN
by	IN
completing	VBG
a	DT
Form	NN
12	CD
application	NN
and	CC
submitting	VBG
it	PRP
with	IN
your	PRP$
official	JJ
transcripts	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
required	VBN
$	$
15.00	CD
processing	NN
fee	NN
.	.
The	DT
application	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
online	NN
at	IN
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/forms/index.html	NN
.	.
The	DT
WVDE	NNP
is	VBZ
able	JJ
to	TO
assist	VB
teachers	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
reimbursement	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
NBPTS	NNP
program	NN
fees	NNS
.	.
Currently	RB
,	,
the	DT
first	JJ
200	CD
enrollment	NN
applicants	NNS
each	DT
year	NN
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
for	IN
reimbursement	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
fees	NNS
by	IN
applying	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
Form	NN
37	CD
application	NN
and	CC
submitting	VBG
the	DT
required	VBN
documentation	NN
.	.
The	DT
application	NN
and	CC
required	VBN
W-9	JJ
tax	NN
form	NN
are	VBP
located	VBN
online	NN
at	IN
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/forms/index.html	NN
.	.
Professional	NNP
Student	NNP
Support	NN
Certificates	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
renewed	VBN
using	VBG
one	CD
of	IN
three	CD
different	JJ
options	NNS
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
six	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
coursework	NN
from	IN
an	DT
accredited	VBN
institution	NN
on	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
certificate	NN
being	VBG
renewed	VBN
reflects	VBZ
an	DT
advanced	JJ
salary	NN
classification	NN
of	IN
MA	NNP
+30	CD
of	IN
higher	JJR
;	:
or	CC
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
applicant	NN
has	VBZ
reached	VBN
age	NN
60	CD
.	.
An	DT
application	NN
for	IN
renewal	NN
can	MD
be	VB
located	VBN
online	NN
at	IN
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/forms/index.html	NN
.	.
Administrative	JJ
Certificates	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
renewed	VBN
using	VBG
one	CD
of	IN
three	CD
different	JJ
options	NNS
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
six	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
coursework	NN
from	IN
an	DT
accredited	VBN
institution	NN
on	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
certificate	NN
being	VBG
renewed	VBN
reflects	VBZ
an	DT
advanced	JJ
salary	NN
classification	NN
of	IN
MA	NNP
+30	CD
of	IN
higher	JJR
;	:
or	CC
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
applicant	NN
has	VBZ
reached	VBN
age	NN
60	CD
.	.
An	DT
application	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Form	NN
19	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
renewal	NN
can	MD
be	VB
located	VBN
online	NN
at	IN
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/forms/index.html	NN
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
you	PRP
must	MD
document	VB
five	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
educational	JJ
experience	NN
,	,
two	CD
of	IN
which	WDT
must	MD
be	VB
in	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
specializations	NNS
listed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Professional	NNP
Administrative	NNP
Certificate	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
must	MD
apply	VB
for	IN
permanent	JJ
certification	NN
through	IN
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
Form	NN
19	CD
available	JJ
at	IN
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/forms/index.html	NN
and	CC
receive	VB
a	DT
recommendation	NN
for	IN
certification	NN
.	.
Certificate	NN
,	,
you	PRP
must	MD
successfully	RB
complete	VB
the	DT
Beginning	VBG
Educator	NNP
Internship	NNP
and	CC
receive	VB
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
county	NN
superintendent	NN
.	.
The	DT
following	JJ
year	NN
you	PRP
must	MD
complete	VB
the	DT
six	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
coursework	NN
and	CC
receive	VB
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
superintendent	NN
.	.
Alternative	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Certificates	NNPS
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
expire	VB
June	NNP
30	CD
of	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
year	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
validity	NN
regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
issuance	NN
.	.
Alternative	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Certificates	NNPS
are	VBP
issued	VBN
for	IN
only	RB
one	CD
year	NN
.	.
Alternate	JJ
routes	NNS
to	TO
certification	NN
MUST	NNP
be	VB
completed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
three-year	JJ
time	NN
period	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
you	PRP
must	MD
complete	VB
ALL	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Initial	JJ
Professional	NNP
Certificate	NNP
within	IN
three	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
issuance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Alternative	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Certificate	NNP
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
currently	RB
offers	VBZ
three	CD
types	NNS
of	IN
alternative	JJ
teaching	NN
certificate	NN
for	IN
general	JJ
and	CC
special	JJ
educators	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
type	NN
has	VBZ
different	JJ
requirements	NNS
for	IN
conversion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
alternative	JJ
teaching	NN
certificate	NN
to	TO
an	DT
initial	JJ
professional	JJ
teaching	NN
certificate	NN
or	CC
permanent	JJ
authorization	NN
.	.
Certification	NN
:	:
You	PRP
must	MD
complete	VB
the	DT
coursework	NN
required	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
alternative	NN
certification	NN
program	NN
,	,
receive	VB
a	DT
recommendation	NN
for	IN
certification	NN
from	IN
your	PRP$
college	NN
,	,
university	NN
and\/or	CC
RESA	NNP
,	,
pass	VBP
the	DT
Praxis	NNP
I	PRP
and	CC
II	NNP
exams	NNS
required	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
WVBE	NNP
,	,
receive	VBP
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
county	NN
superintendent	NN
and	CC
complete	VB
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
State	NNP
Police	NNP
and	CC
FBI	NNP
background	NN
check	NN
.	.
Content	NN
Endorsement	NNP
:	:
You	PRP
must	MD
complete	VB
coursework	NN
in	IN
the	DT
required	VBN
areas	NNS
as	IN
specified	VBN
at	IN
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/educator/alternative/special.html	NN
.	.
Once	RB
you	PRP
complete	VB
the	DT
required	JJ
21	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
coursework	NN
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
apply	VB
for	IN
a	DT
permanent	JJ
authorization	NN
in	IN
the	DT
restricted	VBN
content	NN
endorsement	NN
which	WDT
will	MD
remain	VB
valid	JJ
as	RB
long	RB
as	IN
your	PRP$
special	JJ
education	NN
certification	NN
remains	VBZ
valid	JJ
.	.
The	DT
answer	NN
to	TO
this	DT
question	NN
depends	VBZ
upon	IN
whether	IN
you	PRP
hold	VBP
any	DT
other	JJ
professional	JJ
teaching	NN
and\/or	CC
student	NN
support	NN
certificates	NNS
.	.
For	IN
instance	NN
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
hold	VBP
a	DT
Professional	JJ
Teaching	NNP
Certificate	NNP
endorsed	VBD
in	IN
another	DT
area	NN
or	CC
specialization	NN
,	,
then	RB
your	PRP$
job	NN
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
each	DT
employment	NN
term	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
hold	VBP
no	DT
other	JJ
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
and\/or	CC
Student	NNP
Support	NN
Certificate	NNP
,	,
your	PRP$
job	NN
will	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
employment	NN
term	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
no	DT
fully	RB
certified	VBN
educator	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
position	NN
.	.
Education	NNP
Certificates	NNPS
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
are	VBP
made	VBN
effective	JJ
the	DT
last	JJ
day	NN
all	DT
licensure	NN
requirements	NNS
were	VBD
met	VBN
provided	VBN
the	DT
application	NN
was	VBD
received	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
within	IN
three	CD
months	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
date	NN
all	DT
requirements	NNS
were	VBD
met	VBN
.	.
Requests	NNS
for	IN
licensure	NN
received	VBD
more	JJR
than	IN
three	CD
months	NNS
after	IN
all	DT
requirements	NNS
were	VBD
met	VBN
will	MD
be	VB
dated	VBN
three	CD
months	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
date	NN
the	DT
application	NN
was	VBD
received	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Career\/Technical	NNP
Education	NNP
Certificate	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
renewed	VBN
using	VBG
one	CD
of	IN
three	CD
different	JJ
options	NNS
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
six	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
coursework	NN
from	IN
an	DT
accredited	VBN
institution	NN
on	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
relating	VBG
to	TO
public	JJ
education	NN
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
certificate	NN
being	VBG
renewed	VBN
reflects	VBZ
an	DT
advanced	JJ
salary	NN
classification	NN
of	IN
MA	NNP
+30	CD
of	IN
higher	JJR
;	:
or	CC
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
applicant	NN
has	VBZ
reached	VBN
age	NN
60	CD
.	.
An	DT
application	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Form	NN
V7	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
renewal	NN
can	MD
be	VB
located	VBN
online	NN
at	IN
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/forms/index.html	NN
.	.
A	DT
Career\/Technical	JJ
educator	NN
should	MD
formally	RB
request	VB
the	DT
renewal	NN
of	IN
his\/her	NN
certificate	NN
when	WRB
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
renewal	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
met	VBN
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
before	IN
January	NNP
1	CD
of	IN
the	DT
year	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
certificate	NN
expires	VBZ
.	.
The	DT
basic	JJ
salary	NN
for	IN
the	DT
holder	NN
of	IN
a	DT
Career\/Technical	NNP
Education	NNP
First-Class\/Full-Time	NNP
Permit	NNP
or	CC
Certificate	NNP
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
earned	VBN
a	DT
master	NN
's	POS
or	CC
doctoral	JJ
degree	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
salary	NN
class	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
upon	IN
that	DT
earned	VBN
degree	NN
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
renewal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Career\/Technical	NNP
Education	NNP
First-Class\/Full-Time	NNP
Permit	NNP
requires	VBZ
that	IN
you	PRP
continue	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
employed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
WV	NNP
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
in	IN
the	DT
area\/s	NNS
of	IN
endorsement	NN
and	CC
provide	VB
the	DT
following	VBG
documentation	NN
:	:
passing	VBG
scores	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Basic	JJ
Skills	NNS
Tests	NNS
,	,
passing	VBG
scores	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
written	VBN
and	CC
performance	NN
sections	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
content	JJ
specialization	NN
sections	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
NOCTI	NNP
test	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
administered	VBN
by	IN
WVU	NNP
Institute	NNP
of	IN
Technology	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
official	JJ
college\/university	NN
transcript	NN
verifying	VBG
the	DT
completion	NN
of	IN
appropriate	JJ
six	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
college\/university	NN
course	NN
work	NN
reflecting	VBG
a	DT
3.0	CD
GPA	NNP
,	,
an	DT
official	JJ
recommendation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
superintendent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
you	PRP
are	VBP
employed	VBN
,	,
and	CC
an	DT
official	JJ
recommendation	NN
from	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
renewal	NN
coursework	NN
is	VBZ
completed	VBN
.	.
Subsequent	JJ
renewals	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Career\/Technical	NNP
Education	NNP
First-Class\/Full-Time	NNP
Permit	NNP
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
continue	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
employed	VBN
require	VBP
an	DT
official	JJ
college\/university	NN
transcript	NN
verifying	VBG
the	DT
completion	NN
of	IN
appropriate	JJ
six	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
college\/university	NN
course	NN
work	NN
reflecting	VBG
a	DT
3.0	CD
GPA	NNP
,	,
an	DT
official	JJ
recommendation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
superintendent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
you	PRP
are	VBP
employed	VBN
,	,
and	CC
an	DT
official	JJ
recommendation	NN
from	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
renewal	NN
coursework	NN
is	VBZ
completed	VBN
.	.
Once	RB
all	DT
requirements	NNS
are	VBP
met	VBN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
apply	VB
for	IN
an	DT
original	JJ
Career\/Technical	NNP
Education	NNP
Certificate	NNP
by	IN
submitting	VBG
an	DT
application	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Form	NN
V7	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
official	JJ
college\/university	NN
transcript	NN
verifying	VBG
the	DT
completion	NN
of	IN
appropriate	JJ
six	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
college\/university	NN
course	NN
work	NN
reflecting	VBG
a	DT
3.0	CD
GPA	NNP
,	,
an	DT
official	JJ
recommendation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
superintendent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
you	PRP
are	VBP
employed	VBN
,	,
an	DT
official	JJ
recommendation	NN
from	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
coursework	NN
was	VBD
completed	VBN
,	,
and	CC
processing	VBG
fee	NN
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
access	VB
and	CC
download	VB
Form	NN
V7	NNP
at	IN
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/forms/index.html	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
always	RB
best	RB
to	TO
consult	VB
with	IN
an	DT
advisor	NN
representing	VBG
the	DT
institution	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
you	PRP
are	VBP
enrolled	VBN
to	TO
seek	VB
guidance	NN
on	IN
course	NN
selection	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
six	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
required	VBN
to	TO
renew	VB
a	DT
First-Class\/Full-Time	JJ
Permit	NN
or	CC
Out-of-Field	NNP
Authorization	NN
must	MD
reflect	VB
coursework	NN
required	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
's	POS
approved	VBN
program	NN
leading	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
endorsement	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
seeking	VBG
.	.
All	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
or	CC
Student	NNP
Support	NN
Certificate	NN
must	MD
be	VB
completed	VBN
within	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
issuance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
First	NNP
Class\/Full	NNP
Time	NNP
Permit	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
and	CC
Student	NNP
Support	NN
Personnel	NNP
.	.
The	DT
position	NN
held	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
educator	NN
issued	VBD
a	DT
First	NNP
Class\/Full-Time	NNP
Permit	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
and	CC
Student	NNP
Support	NN
Personnel	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
subject	JJ
to	TO
posting	VBG
provided	VBN
the	DT
educator	NN
meets	VBZ
the	DT
annual	JJ
renewal	NN
requirements	NNS
specified	VBN
in	IN
'	''
126-136-11	CD
.2	CD
and	CC
completes	VBZ
the	DT
state	NN
approved	VBD
program	NN
within	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Educators	NNP
licensed	VBD
in	IN
another	DT
state	NN
can	MD
begin	VB
by	IN
downloading	VBG
and	CC
completing	VBG
the	DT
Form	NN
20-T	JJ
found	VBN
at	IN
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/forms/index.html	NN
.	.
Submit	VB
that	DT
application	NN
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
fees	NNS
,	,
official	JJ
seal-bearing	JJ
transcripts	NNS
from	IN
institutions	NNS
you	PRP
have	VBP
attended	VBN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
certificate	NN
you	PRP
were	VBD
issued	VBN
in	IN
another	DT
state	NN
to	TO
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
will	MD
also	RB
be	VB
necessary	JJ
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
submit	VB
a	DT
recommendation	NN
for	IN
certification	NN
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
wish	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
Form	NN
4B	CD
found	VBN
at	IN
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/forms/index.html	NN
.	.
Yes	UH
.	.
Any	DT
applicant	NN
for	IN
initial	JJ
licensure	NN
to	TO
work	VB
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
of	IN
WV	NNP
must	MD
be	VB
fingerprinted	VBN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
applicant	NN
's	POS
suitability	NN
for	IN
licensure	NN
.	.
The	DT
fingerprints	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
analyzed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
WV	NNP
State	NNP
Police	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
state	NN
criminal	JJ
history	NN
record	NN
check	NN
through	IN
the	DT
central	JJ
abuse	NN
registry	NN
and	CC
then	RB
forwarded	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
Federal	NNP
Bureau	NNP
of	IN
Investigation	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
national	JJ
criminal	JJ
history	NN
check	NN
.	.
Individuals	NNS
not	RB
formally	RB
trained	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
educator	NN
but	CC
wishing	VBG
to	TO
work	VB
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
's	POS
public	JJ
schools	NNS
may	MD
do	VB
so	RB
in	IN
one	CD
of	IN
four	CD
ways	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
four	CD
ways	NNS
requires	VBZ
the	DT
individual	NN
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
and	CC
two	CD
require	VBP
the	DT
individual	NN
to	TO
enroll	VB
in	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
preparation	NN
program	NN
.	.
Alternative	NNP
Certificate	NNP
:	:
When	WRB
a	DT
superintendent	NN
posts	NNS
a	DT
secondary	JJ
teaching	NN
position	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
no	DT
fully	RB
certified	VBN
teacher	NN
applies	VBZ
,	,
the	DT
superintendent	NN
may	MD
hire	VB
an	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
or	CC
higher	JJR
in	IN
the	DT
content	JJ
area	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
position	NN
was	VBD
posted	VBN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
The	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
must	MD
be	VB
from	IN
a	DT
regionally	RB
accredited	VBN
institution	NN
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
and	CC
the	DT
person	NN
must	MD
have	VB
the	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
a	DT
2.5	CD
GPA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
individual	JJ
must	MD
agree	VB
to	TO
enroll	VB
in	IN
and	CC
complete	VB
an	DT
alternative	JJ
route	NN
to	TO
certification	NN
program	NN
,	,
have	VBP
passed	VBN
the	DT
WVBE-required	JJ
Praxis	NNP
I	PRP
and	CC
Praxis	NNP
II	NNP
content	JJ
exams	NNS
and	CC
complete	VB
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
State	NNP
Police	NNP
and	CC
FBI	NNP
background	NN
check	NN
.	.
The	DT
alternative	JJ
certificate	NN
must	MD
be	VB
renewed	VBN
,	,
through	IN
the	DT
completions	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
six	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
,	,
each	DT
year	NN
for	IN
up	RB
to	TO
three	CD
years	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
three	CD
years	NNS
,	,
the	DT
individual	JJ
must	MD
have	VB
completed	VBN
all	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
conversion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
alternative	JJ
certificate	NN
to	TO
the	DT
initial	JJ
professional	JJ
teaching	NN
certificate	NN
.	.
GPA	NNP
and	CC
has	VBZ
completed	VBN
25	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
a	DT
WVBE-approved	JJ
teacher	NN
preparation	NN
program	NN
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
person	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
hired	VBN
.	.
The	DT
individual	JJ
must	MD
agree	VB
to	TO
complete	VB
the	DT
preparation	NN
program	NN
within	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
,	,
renewing	VBG
the	DT
permit	NN
each	DT
year	NN
with	IN
the	DT
completion	NN
of	IN
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
six	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
.	.
Long-Term	NNP
Sub	NNP
Permit	NNP
:	:
An	DT
individual	NN
may	MD
be	VB
hired	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
long-term	JJ
substitute	NN
provided	VBN
s\/he	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
,	,
a	DT
2.0	CD
GPA	NNP
,	,
and	CC
has	VBZ
completed	VBN
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
12	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
content	NN
in	IN
the	DT
content	JJ
area	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
s\/he	VBP
will	MD
be	VB
subbing	VBG
.	.
Post-baccalaureate	JJ
certification	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
Master	NNP
's	POS
of	IN
Arts	NNS
in	IN
Teaching	VBG
programs	NNS
are	VBP
offered	VBN
at	IN
various	JJ
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Such	JJ
programs	NNS
provide	VBP
an	DT
option	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
already	RB
completed	VBN
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
or	CC
higher	JJR
in	IN
a	DT
content	JJ
area	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
area	NN
they	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
teach	VB
to	TO
become	VB
certified	JJ
.	.
Post-baccalaureate	JJ
certification	NN
programs	NNS
are	VBP
offered	VBN
at	IN
three	CD
universities	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Concord	NNP
,	,
Marshall	NNP
and	CC
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Master	NNP
's	POS
of	IN
Arts	NNS
in	IN
Teaching	VBG
programs	NNS
are	VBP
offered	VBN
at	IN
four	CD
universities	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Fairmont	NNP
State	NNP
,	,
Marshall	NNP
,	,
Shepherd	NNP
and	CC
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Virginia	NNP
currently	RB
offers	VBZ
alternative	JJ
route	NN
to	TO
certification	NN
programs	NNS
which	WDT
lead	VBP
to	TO
licensure	VB
for	IN
both	DT
general	JJ
and	CC
special	JJ
educators	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
visit	VB
the	DT
following	VBG
website	NN
for	IN
the	DT
list	NN
of	IN
WVBE-approved	JJ
alternative	NN
certification	NN
programs	NNS
:	:
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/educator/alternative/approved.html	NN
.	.
Nineteen	NN
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
offer	NN
WVBE-approved	VBD
teacher	NN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
While	IN
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
are	VBP
offered	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
undergraduate	JJ
level	NN
,	,
five	CD
institutions	NNS
offer	VBP
initial	JJ
teacher	NN
certification	NN
programs	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
graduate	NN
level	NN
.	.
Eighteen	CD
of	IN
the	DT
19	CD
institutions	NNS
offer	VBP
teacher	NN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
in	IN
elementary	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
18	CD
offer	NN
secondary	JJ
teacher	NN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
disciplines	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
visit	VB
the	DT
following	VBG
website	NN
to	TO
see	VB
the	DT
teacher	NN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
offered	VBN
by	IN
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
19	CD
institutions	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
:	:
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/educator/approved/	NN
.	.
Depending	VBG
upon	IN
your	PRP$
interests	NNS
and	CC
needs	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
complete	VB
a	DT
teacher	NN
preparation	NN
program	NN
at	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
19	CD
institutions	NNS
,	,
receive	VBP
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
for	IN
licensure	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
take	VB
and	CC
pass	VB
the	DT
WVBE-required	JJ
Praxis	NNP
I	PRP
and	CC
II	NNP
licensure	NN
exams	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
see	VB
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/praxisscores.html	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
the	DT
required	JJ
exams	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
complete	VB
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
State	NNP
Police	NNP
and	CC
FBI	NNP
background	NN
check	NN
.	.
Seven	CD
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
currently	RB
offer	VBP
WVBE-approved	JJ
student	NN
support	NN
service	NN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Depending	VBG
upon	IN
your	PRP$
interests	NNS
and	CC
needs	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
complete	VB
a	DT
student	NN
support	NN
preparation	NN
program	NN
at	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
seven	CD
institutions	NNS
,	,
receive	VBP
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
for	IN
licensure	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
take	VB
and	CC
pass	VB
the	DT
WVBE-required	JJ
Praxis	NNP
I	PRP
and	CC
II	NNP
licensure	NN
exams	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
see	VB
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/praxisscores.html	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
the	DT
required	JJ
exams	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
complete	VB
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
State	NNP
Police	NNP
and	CC
FBI	NNP
background	NN
check	NN
.	.
Four	CD
universities	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Concord	NNP
,	,
Marshall	NNP
,	,
Salem	NNP
International	NNP
and	CC
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
offer	VBP
WVBE-approved	JJ
administrator-preparation	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Depending	VBG
upon	IN
your	PRP$
interests	NNS
and	CC
needs	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
complete	VB
an	DT
administrator	NN
preparation	NN
program	NN
at	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
four	CD
institutions	NNS
,	,
receive	VBP
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
for	IN
licensure	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
have	VBP
three	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
management	NN
level	NN
experience	NN
,	,
take	VB
and	CC
pass	VB
the	DT
WVBE-required	JJ
Praxis	NNP
II	NNP
licensure	NN
exam	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
See	VB
http://wvde.state.wv.us/certification/praxisscores.html	NN
for	IN
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
the	DT
required	JJ
exams	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
complete	VB
the	DT
Evaluation	NNP
Leadership	NNP
Institute	NNP
offered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
and	CC
complete	VB
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
State	NNP
Police	NNP
and	CC
FBI	NNP
background	NN
check	NN
.	.
Substitute	NN
Permits	VBZ
can	MD
be	VB
issued	VBN
to	TO
individuals	NNS
who	WP
hold	VBP
the	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
and	CC
complete	JJ
training	NN
required	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
WVBE	NNP
.	.
Permits	VBZ
for	IN
substitute	NN
teaching	NN
are	VBP
initiated	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
county	NN
level	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
NOTE	VB
:	:
not	RB
all	DT
WV	NNP
county	NN
school	NN
systems	NNS
employ	VBP
substitutes	NNS
not	RB
licensed	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
professional	JJ
teaching	NN
certificate	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
Initial	JJ
Long-Term	NNP
Substitute	NNP
Permit	NNP
endorsed	VBD
for	IN
any	DT
specialization	NN
recognized	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
or	CC
Support	NN
Certificate	NN
may	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
to	TO
an	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
temporarily	RB
replacing	VBG
the	DT
professional	JJ
assigned	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
specific	JJ
position	NN
and	CC
who	WP
has	VBZ
completed	VBN
the	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
a	DT
bachelor	NN
=	SYM
s	PRP
degree	NN
through	IN
an	DT
accredited	VBN
institution	NN
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
;	:
AND	CC
submits	VBZ
verification	NN
of	IN
successful	JJ
completion	NN
of	IN
eighteen	CD
clock	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
training	NN
provided	VBN
or	CC
authorized	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
employing	VBG
county	NN
to	TO
include	VB
but	CC
not	RB
be	VB
limited	VBN
to	TO
classroom	NN
management	NN
,	,
state	NN
and	CC
local	JJ
policies	NNS
,	,
content	JJ
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
,	,
and	CC
an	DT
overview	NN
of	IN
school	NN
law	NN
to	TO
include	VB
reporting	NN
requirements	NNS
for	IN
suspected	JJ
child	NN
abuse	NN
.	.
Completion	NN
of	IN
clinical	JJ
practice	NN
at	IN
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
institution	NN
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
WVBE	NNP
to	TO
offer	VB
teacher	NN
education	NN
programs	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
in	IN
lieu	NN
of	IN
the	DT
training	NN
.	.
The	DT
clinical	JJ
practice	NN
must	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
completed	VBN
no	DT
more	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
year	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
date	NN
the	DT
application	NN
is	VBZ
received	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
education	NN
agency	NN
.	.
The	DT
educator	NN
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
understanding	VBG
the	DT
renewal	NN
process	NN
,	,
for	IN
initiating	VBG
contact	NN
with	IN
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
for	IN
guidance	NN
purposes	NNS
,	,
for	IN
completing	VBG
appropriate	JJ
credit	NN
,	,
and	CC
for	IN
filing	VBG
all	DT
documents	NNS
required	VBN
to	TO
maintain	VB
a	DT
valid	JJ
certificate	NN
.	.
All	DT
certificates	NNS
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
for	IN
serving	VBG
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
public	JJ
schools	NNS
expire	VBP
on	IN
June	NNP
30	CD
of	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
year	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
validity	NN
regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
issuance	NN
.	.
The	DT
effective	JJ
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
certificate	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
day	NN
the	DT
last	JJ
requirement	NN
was	VBD
completed	VBN
provided	VBN
the	DT
application	NN
is	VBZ
received	VBN
by	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
within	IN
three	CD
months	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
completion	NN
date	NN
.	.
Applications	NNS
received	VBD
more	JJR
than	IN
three	CD
months	NNS
after	IN
requirements	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
met	VBN
will	MD
be	VB
dated	VBN
three	CD
months	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
date	NN
the	DT
application	NN
was	VBD
received	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
employed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
county	NN
,	,
contact	NN
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
or	CC
his\/her	NN
designee	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
live	VBP
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
but	CC
are	VBP
n't	RB
currently	RB
employed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
county	NN
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
still	RB
contact	VB
the	DT
superintendent	NN
or	CC
his\/her	NN
designee	NN
from	IN
the	DT
county	NN
where	WRB
you	PRP
reside	VBP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
live	VBP
outside	JJ
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
contact	NN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
renewal	NN
process	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
or	CC
his\/her	NN
designee	NN
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
advising	VBG
all	DT
educators	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
employed	VBN
or	CC
reside	VB
in	IN
her\/his	NNS
county	NN
about	IN
the	DT
available	JJ
renewal	NN
options	NNS
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
all	DT
certificates	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
renewed	VBN
or	CC
upgraded	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
three-year	JJ
to	TO
five-year	JJ
or	CC
permanent	JJ
status	NN
require	VBP
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
superintendent	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
verification	NN
of	IN
applicable	JJ
educational	JJ
experience	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
requirements	NNS
included	VBN
in	IN
statute	NN
or	CC
policy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
Alternative	NNP
routes	NNS
to	TO
certification	NN
provide	VBP
non-traditional	JJ
students	NNS
options	NNS
for	IN
obtaining	VBG
a	DT
teaching	NN
certificate	NN
without	IN
the	DT
requirement	NN
of	IN
completing	VBG
a	DT
traditional	JJ
four-year	JJ
teacher	NN
preparation	NN
program	NN
.	.
Alternative	NNP
routes	NNS
to	TO
certification	NN
exist	VBP
for	IN
both	DT
general	JJ
and	CC
special	JJ
education	NN
teachers	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
has	VBZ
WVBE-approval	JJ
to	TO
offer	VB
an	DT
alternative	JJ
certification	NN
program	NN
for	IN
special	JJ
education	NN
teachers	NNS
to	TO
gain	VB
a	DT
content	JJ
endorsement	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
biology	NN
,	,
english	JJ
,	,
general	JJ
science	NN
,	,
mathematics	NN
and\/or	CC
social	JJ
studies	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
results	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
completion	NN
of	IN
an	DT
academic	JJ
major	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
21	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
coursework	NN
in	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
content	JJ
area	NN
.	.
The	DT
21	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
consist	VBP
of	IN
15	CD
hours	NNS
of	IN
content-specific	JJ
coursework	NN
or	CC
equivalent	JJ
professional	JJ
development	NN
,	,
three	CD
hours	NNS
of	IN
content-specific	JJ
methods	NNS
,	,
and	CC
three	CD
hours	NNS
of	IN
reading	NN
in	IN
the	DT
specific	JJ
content	JJ
area	NN
.	.
An	DT
internship	NN
may	MD
be	VB
completed	VBN
in	IN
lieu	NN
of	IN
the	DT
three	CD
hours	NNS
of	IN
reading	NN
in	IN
the	DT
specific	JJ
content	JJ
area	NN
and	CC
content-specific	JJ
methods	NNS
.	.
The	DT
following	VBG
chart	NN
outlines	VBZ
the	DT
specific	JJ
areas	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
teachers	NNS
must	MD
take	VB
coursework	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
complete	VB
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
content	JJ
endorsement	NN
.	.
Alternatively	RB
certified	VBN
special	JJ
educators	NNS
may	MD
complete	VB
an	DT
internship	NN
in	IN
lieu	NN
of	IN
completing	VBG
six	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
reading	NN
and	CC
methods	NNS
.	.
As	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
internship	NN
,	,
the	DT
special	JJ
educator	NN
is	VBZ
partnered	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
content	JJ
advisor	NN
in	IN
the	DT
core	NN
area	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
special	JJ
educator	NN
is	VBZ
seeking	VBG
certification	NN
.	.
The	DT
WVDE	NNP
has	VBZ
begun	VBN
developing	VBG
and	CC
implementing	VBG
alternative	JJ
routes	NNS
to	TO
teacher	NN
certification	NN
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
which	WDT
currently	RB
offer	VBP
WVBE-approved	JJ
traditional	JJ
teacher	NN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
WVBE	NNP
expects	VBZ
to	TO
approve	VB
more	RBR
alternative	JJ
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
near	JJ
future	NN
,	,
those	DT
listed	VBN
below	IN
are	VBP
the	DT
only	JJ
alternative	NN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
available	JJ
at	IN
this	DT
time	NN
.	.
Two	CD
types	NNS
of	IN
alternative	JJ
routes	NNS
to	TO
certification	NN
exist	VBP
for	IN
individuals	NNS
wishing	VBG
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
special	JJ
educators	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
type	NN
leads	VBZ
to	TO
a	DT
special	JJ
education	NN
certification	NN
.	.
The	DT
second	JJ
type	NN
provides	VBZ
a	DT
route	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
hold	VBP
or	CC
are	VBP
working	VBG
to	TO
obtain	VB
a	DT
specialization	NN
in	IN
special	JJ
education	NN
to	TO
complete	VB
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
restricted	VBN
content	NN
endorsement	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
biology	NN
,	,
English	NNP
,	,
general	JJ
science	NN
,	,
mathematics	NN
and\/or	CC
social	JJ
studies	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
partially	RB
fulfill	VB
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
``	``
highly	RB
qualified	VBN
teacher	NN
''	''
definition	NN
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
individuals	NNS
seeking	VBG
a	DT
multi-categorical	JJ
special	JJ
education	NN
certification	NN
who	WP
hold	VBP
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
certified	VBN
in	IN
elementary	JJ
education	NN
OR	NNP
qualify	VB
for	IN
a	DT
restricted	VBN
content	NN
endorsement	NN
in	IN
biology	NN
,	,
English	NNP
,	,
general	JJ
science	NN
,	,
mathematics	NN
or	CC
social	JJ
studies	NNS
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
individuals	NNS
seeking	VBG
a	DT
gifted	JJ
special	JJ
education	NN
certification	NN
who	WP
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
hold	VBP
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
have	VBP
passed	VBN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
required	VBD
preprofessional	JJ
skills	NNS
exams	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Praxis	NNPS
I	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
certified	VBN
in	IN
biology	NN
,	,
chemistry	NN
,	,
early	RB
childhood	NN
,	,
elementary	JJ
education	NN
,	,
English	NNP
,	,
general	JJ
science	NN
,	,
mathematics	NN
,	,
physics	NN
,	,
reading	VBG
education	NN
,	,
reading	VBG
specialist	NN
and\/or	CC
social	JJ
studies	NNS
OR	VBP
qualify	VB
for	IN
a	DT
restricted	VBN
content	NN
endorsement	NN
in	IN
biology	NN
,	,
English	NNP
,	,
general	JJ
science	NN
,	,
mathematics	NN
or	CC
social	JJ
studies	NNS
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
individuals	NNS
seeking	VBG
a	DT
multicategorical	JJ
special	JJ
education	NN
certification	NN
who	WP
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
hold	VBP
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
have	VBP
passed	VBN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
required	VBD
preprofessional	JJ
skills	NNS
exams	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Praxis	NNPS
I	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
certified	VBN
in	IN
biology	NN
,	,
chemistry	NN
,	,
early	RB
childhood	NN
,	,
elementary	JJ
education	NN
,	,
English	NNP
,	,
general	JJ
science	NN
,	,
mathematics	NN
,	,
physics	NN
,	,
reading	VBG
education	NN
,	,
reading	VBG
specialist	NN
and\/or	CC
social	JJ
studies	NNS
OR	VBP
qualify	VB
for	IN
a	DT
restricted	VBN
content	NN
endorsement	NN
in	IN
biology	NN
,	,
English	NNP
,	,
general	JJ
science	NN
,	,
mathematics	NN
or	CC
social	JJ
studies	NNS
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
Please	VB
contact	NN
Dr.	NNP
Barbara	NNP
Ludlow	NNP
at	IN
bludlow@mail.wvu.eduf	NNP
or	CC
additional	JJ
information	NN
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
individuals	NNS
seeking	VBG
a	DT
preschool	JJ
special	JJ
needs	NNS
certification	NN
who	WP
hold	VBP
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
passed	VBN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
required	VBD
preprofessional	JJ
skills	NNS
exams	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Praxis	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Please	VB
contact	NN
Dr.	NNP
Barbara	NNP
Ludlow	NNP
at	IN
bludlow@mail.wvu.edu	NNP
for	IN
additional	JJ
information	NN
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
individuals	NNS
seeking	VBG
a	DT
severe	JJ
disabilities	NNS
special	JJ
education	NN
certification	NN
who	WP
hold	VBP
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
passed	VBN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
required	VBD
preprofessional	JJ
skills	NNS
exams	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Praxis	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Please	VB
contact	NN
Dr.	NNP
Barbara	NNP
Ludlow	NNP
at	IN
bludlow@mail.wvu.eduf	NNP
or	CC
additional	JJ
information	NN
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
individuals	NNS
seeking	VBG
a	DT
visually	RB
impaired	VBN
special	JJ
education	NN
certification	NN
who	WP
hold	VBP
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
passed	VBN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
required	VBD
preprofessional	JJ
skills	NNS
exams	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Praxis	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Please	VB
contact	NN
Dr.	NNP
Barbara	NNP
Ludlow	NNP
at	IN
bludlow@mail.wvu.edu	NNP
for	IN
additional	JJ
information	NN
.	.
Individuals	NNS
may	MD
complete	VB
WVDE	NNP
approved	VBD
professional	JJ
development	NN
in	IN
lieu	NN
of	IN
coursework	NN
.	.
At	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
no	DT
professional	JJ
development	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
approved	VBN
for	IN
this	DT
purpose	NN
.	.
Please	VB
check	VB
this	DT
website	NN
for	IN
updates	NNS
in	IN
mid-august	NN
.	.
Nineteen	NN
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
offer	VBP
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
educator	NN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
WVBE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
to	TO
a	DT
host	NN
of	IN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
desire	VBP
to	TO
work	VB
in	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
's	POS
classrooms	NNS
.	.
These	DT
programs	NNS
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
and	CC
foster	VB
the	DT
knowledge	NN
,	,
skills	NNS
and	CC
dispositions	NNS
necessary	JJ
for	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
student	NN
support	NN
service	NN
personnel	NNS
and	CC
administrators	NNS
to	TO
deliver	VB
services	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
i.e.	FW
,	,
instructional	JJ
,	,
support	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
students	NNS
at	IN
all	DT
grade	NN
levels	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
elementary	JJ
,	,
middle	JJ
and	CC
secondary	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Furthermore	RB
,	,
programs	NNS
are	VBP
delivered	VBN
at	IN
undergraduate	JJ
and\/or	CC
graduate	JJ
levels	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
depending	VBG
upon	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
and\/or	CC
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
.	.
The	DT
Educator	NNP
Preparation	NNP
Program	NNP
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
EPPRB	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
a	DT
seven-member	JJ
board	NN
established	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
WVBE	NNP
.	.
Among	IN
its	PRP$
many	JJ
duties	NNS
and	CC
responsibilities	NNS
,	,
the	DT
EPPRB	NNP
is	VBZ
charged	VBN
with	IN
reviewing	VBG
all	DT
initially	RB
proposed	VBN
programs	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
submit	VB
or	CC
withhold	VB
a	DT
recommendation	NN
for	IN
program	NN
approval	NN
to	TO
the	DT
WVBE	NNP
.	.
The	DT
EPPRB	NNP
is	VBZ
also	RB
charged	VBN
with	IN
reviewing	VBG
all	DT
proposed	VBN
substantive	JJ
changes	NNS
to	TO
existing	VBG
WVBE-approved	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
submitting	VBG
or	CC
withholding	VBG
a	DT
recommendation	NN
for	IN
acceptance	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
changes	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
WVBE	NNP
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
the	DT
EPPRB	NNP
reviews	VBZ
reports	NNS
from	IN
accreditation	NN
boards	NNS
to	TO
recommend	VB
institutions	NNS
'	POS
programs	NNS
for	IN
continuing	VBG
program	NN
approval	NN
.	.
The	DT
EPPRB	NNP
is	VBZ
also	RB
charged	VBN
with	IN
reviewing	VBG
all	DT
proposed	VBN
substantive	JJ
changes	NNS
to	TO
existing	VBG
WVBE-approved	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
submitting	VBG
or	CC
withholding	VBG
a	DT
recommendation	NN
for	IN
acceptance	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
changes	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
WVBE	NNP
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
the	DT
EPPRB	NNP
reviews	VBZ
reports	NNS
from	IN
accreditation	NN
boards	NNS
to	TO
recommend	VB
institutions	NNS
'	POS
programs	NNS
for	IN
continuing	VBG
program	NN
approval	NN
.	.
The	DT
WVBE	NNP
is	VBZ
committed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
rigorous	JJ
review	NN
of	IN
all	DT
educator	NN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
it	PRP
has	VBZ
granted	VBN
approval	NN
.	.
For	IN
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
which	WDT
offer	VBP
WVBE-approved	JJ
educator	NN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
are	VBP
not	RB
accredited	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Council	NNP
for	IN
Accreditation	NNP
of	IN
Teacher	NN
Education	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NCATE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
a	DT
state	NN
review	NN
of	IN
the	DT
educator	NN
preparation	NN
program	NN
is	VBZ
conducted	VBN
.	.
The	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
state	NN
review	NN
of	IN
educator	NN
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
is	VBZ
detailed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Protocol	NNP
.	.
Designed	VBN
according	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
backward	RB
design	NN
process	NN
,	,
the	DT
units	NNS
incorporate	VBP
differentiation	NN
and	CC
21st	JJ
century	NN
skills	NNS
.	.
The	DT
lessons	NNS
within	IN
these	DT
units	NNS
of	IN
study	NN
,	,
designed	VBN
for	IN
90	CD
minutes	NNS
of	IN
daily	JJ
instruction	NN
in	IN
Reading	VBG
English	JJ
Language	NN
Arts	NNS
and	CC
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
WV	NNP
Content	NNP
Standards	NNPS
and	CC
Objectives	NNPS
,	,
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
activate	VB
the	DT
students	NNS
'	POS
prior	JJ
knowledge	NN
,	,
develop	VB
vocabulary	NN
,	,
build	VB
basic	JJ
skills	NNS
,	,
and	CC
engage	VB
students	NNS
in	IN
research-based	JJ
active	JJ
and	CC
post	NN
literacy	NN
strategies	NNS
.	.
The	DT
WVDE	NNP
Office	NNP
of	IN
Middle	NNP
Level	NNP
Education	NNP
is	VBZ
currently	RB
working	VBG
with	IN
a	DT
second	JJ
group	NN
of	IN
teachers	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
50	CD
additional	JJ
standards-based	JJ
units	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
highlight	VB
both	DT
the	DT
rigor	NN
and	CC
relevance	NN
our	PRP$
students	NNS
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
successful	JJ
learners	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
21st	CD
Century	NNP
high	JJ
school	NN
.	.
Additional	JJ
units	NNS
of	IN
study	NN
will	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
site	NN
in	IN
February	NNP
and	CC
June	NNP
,	,
2006	CD
.	.
Schools	NNP
'	POS
self-reported	JJ
digital	JJ
divide	NN
survey	NN
information	NN
was	VBD
submitted	VBN
with	IN
school	NN
strategic	JJ
plans	NNS
on	IN
November	NNP
15	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
School	NNP
,	,
county	NN
,	,
and	CC
state	NN
digital	JJ
divide	NN
reports	NNS
provide	VBP
valuable	JJ
data	NNS
on	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
most	RBS
effectively	RB
plan	NN
for	IN
the	DT
integration	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
across	IN
the	DT
curriculum	NN
for	IN
improved	VBN
student	NN
achievement	NN
and	CC
for	IN
preparing	VBG
students	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
necessary	JJ
skills	NNS
to	TO
succeed	VB
in	IN
a	DT
21st	JJ
century	NN
world	NN
.	.
Connecting	VBG
families	NNS
with	IN
appropriate	JJ
community	NN
services	NNS
;	:
and	CC
Offering	VBG
information	NN
,	,
resources	NNS
,	,
and	CC
training	NN
to	TO
educators	NNS
to	TO
increase	VB
the	DT
skills	NNS
,	,
knowledge	NN
and	CC
attitudes	NNS
needed	VBN
to	TO
encourage	VB
and	CC
strengthen	VB
family	NN
involvement	NN
and	CC
positive	JJ
school-to-home	NN
partnerships	NNS
.	.
PERCs	NNS
are	VBP
housed	VBN
within	IN
various	JJ
locations	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
state	NN
,	,
usually	RB
in	IN
a	DT
centralized	JJ
,	,
accessible	JJ
location	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
school	NN
,	,
community	NN
center	NN
,	,
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
office	NN
or	CC
library	NN
.	.
Local	JJ
education	NN
agencies	NNS
provide	VBP
the	DT
financial	JJ
support	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
PERCs	NNS
by	IN
blending	VBG
fiscal	JJ
resources	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
special	JJ
education	NN
,	,
Title	NNP
I	PRP
,	,
state	NN
and	CC
local	JJ
funds	NNS
and	CC
grants	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
local	JJ
community-based	JJ
organizations	NNS
,	,
service	NN
agencies	NNS
,	,
businesses	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
service	NN
organizations	NNS
may	MD
provide	VB
other	JJ
supports	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
PERCs	NNS
.	.
Team	NNP
provides	VBZ
the	DT
PERCs	NNS
with	IN
parent-professional	JJ
team	NN
training	NN
,	,
information	NN
on	IN
state	NN
and	CC
national	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
and	CC
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
.	.
Federal	NNP
funds	NNS
support	VBP
the	DT
coordination	NN
of	IN
the	DT
project	NN
from	IN
the	DT
state	NN
level	NN
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Student	NNP
Services	NNPS
and	CC
Health	NNP
Promotion	NNP
is	VBZ
hosting	VBG
a	DT
school	NN
counselor	NN
workshop	NN
on	IN
Solution	NN
Focused	VBN
Therapy	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
Schools	NNP
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Linda	NNP
Metcalf	NNP
received	VBD
her	PRP$
Masters	NNP
Degree	NNP
in	IN
Guidance	NNP
Counseling	NN
and	CC
her	PRP$
PhD	NNP
in	IN
Marriage	NNP
and	CC
Family	NNP
Therapy	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
author	NN
of	IN
six	CD
books	NNS
and	CC
numerous	JJ
articles	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
Counseling	NN
Toward	IN
Solutions	NNPS
,	,
which	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
all	DT
participants	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Metcalf	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
school	NN
counselor	NN
,	,
teacher	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
currently	RB
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
in	IN
Arlington	NNP
,	,
Texas	NNP
and	CC
an	DT
Assistant	NNP
Professor	NNP
at	IN
Texas	NNP
Woman	NNP
's	POS
University	NNP
.	.
In	IN
2004	CD
,	,
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
concerns	NNS
were	VBD
raised	VBN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
present	JJ
situation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
education	NN
of	IN
children	NNS
in	IN
out-of-home	JJ
care	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
call	NN
for	IN
attention	NN
to	TO
this	DT
issue	NN
was	VBD
based	VBN
,	,
in	IN
part	NN
,	,
on	IN
a	DT
position	NN
paper	NN
,	,
The	DT
Education	NNP
of	IN
Children	NNP
in	IN
Out-of-Home	NNP
Care	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
2004	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
written	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Alliance	NNP
for	IN
Children	NNP
.	.
Taking	VBG
the	DT
lead	NN
to	TO
bring	VB
together	RB
those	DT
most	RBS
entrusted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
welfare	NN
and	CC
education	NN
of	IN
the	DT
out-of-home	JJ
care	NN
children	NNS
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Pamela	NNP
Cain	NNP
,	,
Assistant	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
WVDE	NNP
,	,
asked	VBD
Superintendent	NNP
Frank	NNP
D.	NNP
Andrews	NNP
to	TO
chair	NN
a	DT
special	JJ
task	NN
force	NN
.	.
The	DT
Education	NNP
for	IN
Homeless	NNP
Children	NNP
and	CC
Youth	NNP
-	:
McKinney-Vento	NNP
Act	NNP
,	,
may	MD
help	VB
to	TO
serve	VB
many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
task	NN
force	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
meeting	VBG
ever	RB
since	IN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
issues	NNS
at	IN
hand	NN
.	.
The	DT
preliminary	JJ
report	NN
can	MD
be	VB
downloaded	VBN
here	RB
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
created	VBD
a	DT
brochure	NN
to	TO
help	VB
students	NNS
experiencing	VBG
homelessness	NN
enroll	VB
in	IN
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
brochure	NN
was	VBD
sent	VBN
to	TO
all	DT
county	NN
school	NN
systems	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
in	IN
the	DT
enrollment	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
current	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
brochure	NN
outlines	VBZ
the	DT
criteria	NNS
for	IN
enrolling	VBG
a	DT
student	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
brochure	NN
can	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
link	NN
:	:
You	PRP
Can	MD
Still	RB
Enroll	VB
Brochure	NN
.	.
School	NNP
Counselors	NNPS
were	VBD
afforded	VBN
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
receive	VB
professional	JJ
development	NN
on	IN
the	DT
MEASURE	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
an	DT
accountability	NN
action	NN
plan	NN
to	TO
impact	NN
critical	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
data	NNS
from	IN
Dr.	NNP
Carol	NNP
Dahir	NNP
.	.
In	IN
addtion	NN
,	,
school	NN
counselors	NNS
could	MD
receive	VB
training	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Resource	NNP
Manual	NNP
for	IN
School	NNP
Counselors	NNPS
that	WDT
was	VBD
released	VBN
last	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
during	IN
regional	JJ
trainings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
powerpoints	NNS
from	IN
those	DT
sessions	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
links	NNS
:	:
MEASURE	VB
powerpoint	NN
and	CC
Resource	NNP
Manual	NNP
Training	NNP
.	.
The	DT
WVDE	NNP
met	VBD
with	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
'	POS
Character	NNP
Development	NNP
Teams	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CDTs	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
were	VBD
selected	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
``	``
Integrating	NNP
Effective	NNP
Character	NNP
Education	NNP
Programs	NNP
into	IN
Rural	NNP
Schools	NNP
:	:
Measuring	VBG
a	DT
Replicable	NNP
Model	NNP
''	''
in	IN
Charleston	NNP
for	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
were	VBD
presented	VBN
with	IN
materials	NNS
and	CC
presentations	NNS
by	IN
Dr.	NNP
Phil	NNP
Vincent	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Character	NNP
Development	NNP
Group	NNP
and	CC
Elaine	NNP
Parke	NNP
of	IN
Caring	NNP
Habits	NNPS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
our	PRP$
two	CD
independent	JJ
evaluators	NNS
,	,
Mike	NNP
Corrigan	NNP
and	CC
Paul	NNP
Chapman	NNP
,	,
presented	VBD
about	IN
the	DT
evaluation	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
be	VB
conducted	VBN
.	.
The	DT
powerpoint	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
used	VBN
to	TO
lay	VB
the	DT
ground	NN
work	NN
for	IN
the	DT
grant	NN
can	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
by	IN
clicking	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
link	NN
:	:
Grant	NNP
Powerpoint	NNP
.	.
A	DT
Roane	NNP
County	NNP
administrator	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
recognized	VBN
for	IN
his	PRP$
continuing	VBG
support	NN
of	IN
Character	NNP
Education	NNP
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
during	IN
its	PRP$
September	NNP
meeting	NN
in	IN
Charleston	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
view	VB
the	DT
release	NN
from	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
link	NN
:	:
State	NNP
Board	NNP
Names	NNPS
Roane	NNP
County	NNP
Administrator	NNP
Character	NNP
Educator	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Year	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
know	VBP
an	DT
educator	NN
who	WP
models	NNS
and	CC
teaches	VBZ
character	NN
to	TO
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
students	NNS
?	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
Character	NNP
Educator	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Year	NN
Award	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
recognize	VB
educators	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
state	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
exemplary	JJ
work	NN
in	IN
instilling	VBG
character	NN
in	IN
students	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
began	VBD
his	PRP$
career	NN
in	IN
1972	CD
as	IN
an	DT
elementary	JJ
teacher	NN
and	CC
later	RB
worked	VBD
as	IN
an	DT
elementary	JJ
school	NN
principal	NN
.	.
He	PRP
served	VBD
in	IN
both	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
and	CC
Delaware	NNP
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
15	CD
years	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
purchasing	NN
,	,
finance	NN
,	,
business	NN
,	,
accounting	NN
and	CC
as	IN
treasurer	NN
.	.
In	IN
1990	CD
,	,
he	PRP
became	VBD
assistant	JJ
superintendent	NN
for	IN
a	DT
county	NN
school	NN
system	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
and	CC
was	VBD
named	VBN
a	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
in	IN
1993	CD
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
received	VBD
his	PRP$
undergraduate	JJ
degree	NN
from	IN
Anderson	NNP
College	NNP
in	IN
Indiana	NNP
.	.
Brooks	NNP
Coleman	NNP
,	,
Jr.	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Georgia	NNP
State	NNP
Representative	NNP
,	,
a	DT
motivational	JJ
speaker	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
former	JJ
educator	NN
.	.
His	PRP$
educational	JJ
experiences	NNS
include	VBP
positions	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
,	,
principal	NN
,	,
and	CC
Assistant	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Gwinnett	NNP
County	NNP
Public	NNP
Schools	NNP
,	,
Georgia	NNP
.	.
As	IN
an	DT
educator	NN
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Coleman	NNP
developed	VBD
and	CC
implemented	VBD
a	DT
process	NN
for	IN
passing	VBG
bond	NN
referendums	NNS
.	.
This	DT
process	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
instrumental	JJ
in	IN
passing	VBG
five	CD
bond	NN
issues	NNS
in	IN
Gwinnett	NNP
County	NNP
since	IN
1979	CD
.	.
Coleman	NNP
earned	VBD
his	PRP$
undergraduate	JJ
degree	NN
from	IN
Mercer	NNP
University	NNP
in	IN
Georgia	NNP
,	,
his	PRP$
Master	NNP
's	POS
Degree	NN
from	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Georgia	NNP
and	CC
his	PRP$
Ph.	NNP
.	.
D.	NNP
from	IN
Georgia	NNP
State	NNP
University	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
keeps	VBZ
busy	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
speaker	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
consultant	NN
to	TO
school	NN
systems	NNS
throughout	IN
South	NNP
Carolina	NNP
and	CC
Georgia	NNP
.	.
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
Steven	NNP
L.	NNP
Paine	NNP
invites	VBZ
all	DT
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
teachers	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
county	NN
and	CC
school	NN
administrators	NNS
with	IN
whom	WP
they	PRP
work	VBP
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
Voices	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
Field	NN
:	:
A	DT
Forum	NNP
for	IN
WV	NNP
Educators	NNP
,	,
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
eight	CD
gatherings	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
state	NN
designed	VBN
to	TO
explore	VB
the	DT
knowledge	NN
and	CC
skills	NNS
necessary	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
graduate	NN
to	TO
succeed	VB
in	IN
the	DT
21st	JJ
century	NN
.	.
At	IN
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
locations	NNS
hosting	VBG
Voices	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
Field	NN
:	:
A	DT
Forum	NNP
for	IN
WV	NNP
Educators	NNP
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Paine	NNP
and	CC
his	PRP$
staff	NN
will	MD
ask	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
questions	NNS
of	IN
participants	NNS
and	CC
listen	VB
to	TO
their	PRP$
responses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
small	JJ
group	NN
conversations	NNS
leading	VBG
up	RP
to	TO
participants	NNS
'	POS
responses	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
resulting	VBG
reports	NNS
will	MD
help	VB
Dr.	NNP
Paine	NNP
and	CC
his	PRP$
staff	NN
to	TO
better	JJR
understand	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
teachers	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
prepare	VBP
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
students	NNS
for	IN
successful	JJ
entry	NN
into	IN
the	DT
21st	JJ
century	NN
.	.
All	DT
participants	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Voices	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
Field	NN
:	:
A	DT
Forum	NNP
for	IN
WV	NNP
Educators	NNP
are	VBP
asked	VBN
to	TO
complete	VB
advanced	JJ
readings	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
prepared	VBN
for	IN
an	DT
informed	VBN
discussion	NN
.	.
Please	VB
feel	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
read	VB
beyond	IN
the	DT
cited	VBN
readings	NNS
and	CC
then	RB
to	TO
add	VB
such	JJ
information	NN
to	TO
the	DT
discussion	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Forums	NNS
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
In	IN
depth	NN
readings	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
at	IN
http://www.21stcenturyskills.org	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Carolyn	NNP
Warner	NNP
has	VBZ
gained	VBN
national	JJ
stature	NN
as	IN
one	CD
of	IN
America	NNP
's	POS
most	JJS
articulate	VBP
educational	JJ
and	CC
public	JJ
policy	NN
leaders	NNS
.	.
Her	PRP$
commentaries	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
featured	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Public	NNP
Broadcasting	NNP
System	NNP
television	NN
network	NN
,	,
feature	VBP
stories	NNS
and	CC
articles	NNS
have	VBP
appeared	VBN
in	IN
USA	NNP
Today	NNP
,	,
Christian	NNP
Science	NNP
Monitor	NNP
,	,
U.S.	NNP
News	NNP
&	CC
World	NNP
Report	NNP
,	,
Newsweek	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Washington	NNP
Post	NNP
,	,
Phi	NNP
Delta	NNP
Kappan	NNP
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
major	JJ
publications	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
first	JJ
non-educator	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
elected	VBN
as	IN
Arizona	NNP
's	POS
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Public	NNP
Instruction	NNP
.	.
Warner	NNP
was	VBD
re-elected	JJ
twice	RB
to	TO
the	DT
position	NN
.	.
As	IN
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
she	PRP
was	VBD
executive	JJ
officer	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
for	IN
Vocational	NNP
and	CC
Technical	NNP
Education	NNP
,	,
and	CC
served	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
for	IN
Community	NNP
Colleges	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Private	NNP
Post-Secondary	NNP
Education	NNP
.	.
During	IN
her	PRP$
tenure	NN
as	IN
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
Warner	NNP
became	VBD
nationally	RB
known	VBN
for	IN
her	PRP$
advocacy	NN
of	IN
educational	JJ
accountability	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
both	DT
academic	JJ
and	CC
fiscal	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
citizen	NN
participation	NN
in	IN
educational	JJ
decision-making	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
integration	NN
of	IN
vocational	JJ
and	CC
basic	JJ
academic	JJ
skills	NNS
.	.
Drawing	VBG
upon	IN
her	PRP$
vast	JJ
experience	NN
in	IN
government	NN
,	,
education	NN
,	,
and	CC
communications	NNS
,	,
Warner	NNP
presently	RB
heads	VBZ
her	PRP
own	JJ
firm	NN
,	,
Corporate	JJ
Education	NNP
Consulting	NNP
,	,
Inc.	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
offers	VBZ
consulting	NN
,	,
seminar	NN
,	,
and	CC
lecture	VB
services	NNS
focusing	VBG
on	IN
education	NN
,	,
communications	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
future	NN
of	IN
America	NNP
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
schools	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
called	VBN
among	IN
the	DT
safest	JJS
in	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
continuing	VBG
effort	NN
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
recognize	VBP
the	DT
need	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
,	,
teachers	NNS
,	,
administrators	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
school	NN
personnel	NNS
to	TO
have	VB
an	DT
orderly	JJ
,	,
safe	JJ
and	CC
stimulating	JJ
educational	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
Promoting	VBG
a	DT
safe	JJ
learning	NN
environment	NN
requires	VBZ
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
program	NN
supported	VBN
by	IN
everyone	NN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
organization	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
parents	NNS
or	CC
guardians	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
community	NN
.	.
Conference	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
assistance	NN
to	TO
local	JJ
school	NN
districts	NNS
and	CC
schools	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
individual	JJ
plans	NNS
for	IN
responding	VBG
to	TO
school	NN
violence	NN
.	.
The	DT
conference	NN
sessions	NNS
will	MD
present	VB
multiple	JJ
interventions	NNS
that	WDT
should	MD
be	VB
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
school	NN
wide	JJ
program	NN
.	.
School	NNP
prevention	NN
and	CC
intervention	NN
programs	NNS
will	MD
address	VB
the	DT
factors	NNS
that	WDT
put	VBP
young	JJ
people	NNS
at	IN
risk	NN
of	IN
violence	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
protect	VB
the	DT
factors	NNS
that	WDT
foster	VBP
resiliency	NN
.	.
Often	RB
a	DT
slight	JJ
change	NN
in	IN
direction	NN
will	MD
create	VB
a	DT
sea	NN
of	IN
change	NN
in	IN
school	NN
safety	NN
.	.
Due	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
malfunction	NN
on	IN
the	DT
report	NN
software	NN
package	NN
,	,
Section	NN
4	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
Finance	NNP
Data	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
reports	VBZ
incomplete	JJ
data	NNS
.	.
Specifically	RB
the	DT
per	FW
pupil	NN
expenditure	NN
reports	VBZ
an	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
$	$
0	CD
dollars	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
correct	JJ
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
need	VBP
the	DT
correct	JJ
data	NNS
please	VB
contact	NN
Larry	NNP
White	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
providing	VBG
classes	NNS
for	IN
many	JJ
years	NNS
but	CC
we	PRP
still	RB
find	VBP
state	NN
workers	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
know	VB
about	IN
us	PRP
.	.
Please	VB
help	VB
us	PRP
contact	VB
them	PRP
.	.
Talk	NN
to	TO
the	DT
other	JJ
people	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
department	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
know	VBP
about	IN
the	DT
Employee	NNP
Development	NNP
Center	NNP
and	CC
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
getting	VBG
email	NN
announcements	NNS
.	.
A	DT
quick	JJ
announcement	NN
at	IN
your	PRP$
next	JJ
staff	NN
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
all	DT
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
to	TO
ensure	VB
the	DT
everyone	NN
knows	VBZ
about	IN
this	DT
program	NN
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
very	RB
interested	JJ
in	IN
your	PRP$
comments	NNS
and	CC
suggestions	NNS
.	.
Send	VB
us	PRP
an	DT
email	NN
to	TO
suggest	VB
a	DT
class	NN
topic	NN
or	CC
to	TO
let	VB
us	PRP
know	VB
how	WRB
we	PRP
are	VBP
doing	VBG
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
offer	VB
longer	RBR
classes	NNS
,	,
shorter	JJR
classes	NNS
,	,
one-topic	JJ
classes	NNS
,	,
more	JJR
advanced	JJ
classes	NNS
or	CC
more	JJR
basic	JJ
classes	NNS
.	.
In	IN
1983	CD
,	,
public	JJ
concern	NN
about	IN
the	DT
state	NN
of	IN
American	JJ
education	NN
was	VBD
sharply	RB
heightened	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
issuance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
federal	JJ
report	NN
titled	VBN
A	DT
Nation	NN
at	IN
Risk	NNP
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
provoked	VBD
a	DT
wave	NN
of	IN
reform	NN
initiatives	NNS
that	WDT
engulfed	VBD
the	DT
education	NN
community	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
these	DT
programs	NNS
,	,
however	RB
,	,
left	VBD
out	RP
a	DT
critical	JJ
element	NN
of	IN
the	DT
education	NN
equation	NN
:	:
the	DT
classroom	NN
teacher	NN
.	.
If	IN
America	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
world-class	JJ
schools	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
must	MD
have	VB
a	DT
world-class	JJ
teaching	NN
force	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
excellent	JJ
teachers	NNS
already	RB
work	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
,	,
but	CC
their	PRP$
work	NN
often	RB
goes	VBZ
unrecognized	JJ
and	CC
unrewarded	JJ
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
consequence	NN
,	,
many	JJ
first-rate	JJ
practitioners	NNS
leave	VBP
the	DT
schools	NNS
,	,
and	CC
others	NNS
who	WP
could	MD
be	VB
exceptional	JJ
teachers	NNS
never	RB
consider	VBP
teaching	NN
.	.
Worse	JJR
still	RB
,	,
the	DT
knowledge	NN
and	CC
skills	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
fine	JJ
teachers	NNS
who	WP
remain	VBP
are	VBP
often	RB
underutilized	VBN
,	,
their	PRP$
positive	JJ
influence	NN
allowed	VBD
only	RB
modest	JJ
scope	NN
.	.
The	DT
mission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Board	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Standards	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NBPTS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
to	TO
establish	VB
high	JJ
and	CC
rigorous	JJ
standards	NNS
for	IN
what	WP
accomplished	VBN
teachers	NNS
should	MD
know	VB
and	CC
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
do	VB
;	:
to	TO
develop	VB
and	CC
operate	VB
a	DT
national	JJ
,	,
voluntary	JJ
system	NN
to	TO
assess	VB
and	CC
certify	VB
teachers	NNS
who	WP
meet	VBP
these	DT
standards	NNS
;	:
and	CC
to	TO
advance	VB
related	JJ
education	NN
reforms	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
improving	VBG
student	NN
learning	NN
in	IN
American	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
Governed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
63-member	JJ
board	NN
of	IN
directors	NNS
,	,
the	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
whom	WP
are	VBP
classroom	NN
teachers	NNS
,	,
the	DT
National	NNP
Board	NNP
is	VBZ
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
bringing	VBG
teaching	NN
the	DT
respect	NN
and	CC
recognition	NN
this	DT
important	JJ
work	NN
deserves	VBZ
.	.
National	NNP
Board	NNP
Certification	NNP
,	,
developed	VBN
by	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
with	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
for	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
symbol	NN
of	IN
professional	JJ
teaching	NN
excellence	NN
.	.
Offered	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
voluntary	JJ
basis	NN
,	,
it	PRP
complements	VBZ
,	,
not	RB
replaces	VBZ
,	,
state	NN
licensing	NN
.	.
While	IN
state	NN
licensing	NN
systems	NNS
set	VBN
entry-level	JJ
standards	NNS
for	IN
beginning	VBG
teachers	NNS
,	,
National	NNP
Board	NNP
Certification	NNP
has	VBZ
established	VBN
advanced	JJ
standards	NNS
for	IN
experienced	JJ
teachers	NNS
.	.
Linked	VBN
to	TO
these	DT
standards	NNS
is	VBZ
a	DT
new	JJ
generation	NN
of	IN
fair	JJ
and	CC
trustworthy	JJ
assessment	NN
processes	VBZ
that	IN
honor	NN
the	DT
complexities	NNS
and	CC
demands	NNS
of	IN
teaching	NN
.	.
They	PRP
focus	VBP
on	IN
teacher	NN
work	NN
and	CC
the	DT
difficult	JJ
issues	NNS
that	WDT
accomplished	VBD
teachers	NNS
confront	VB
on	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
The	DT
NBPTS	NNP
assessments	NNS
for	IN
National	NNP
Board	NNP
Certification	NNP
include	VBP
having	VBG
teachers	NNS
construct	VBP
a	DT
portfolio	NN
that	WDT
represents	VBZ
an	DT
analysis	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
classroom	NN
work	NN
and	CC
participate	VB
in	IN
exercises	NNS
designed	VBN
to	TO
tap	VB
the	DT
knowledge	NN
,	,
skills	NNS
,	,
disposition	NN
and	CC
professional	JJ
judgment	NN
that	WDT
distinguish	VBP
their	PRP$
practice	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
National	NNP
Board	NNP
was	VBD
founded	VBN
in	IN
1987	CD
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
understood	VBN
that	IN
a	DT
critical	JJ
first	JJ
task	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
a	DT
policy	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
spell	VB
out	RP
the	DT
National	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
vision	NN
of	IN
accomplished	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
In	IN
1989	CD
,	,
it	PRP
issued	VBD
its	PRP$
policy	NN
statement	NN
,	,
What	WP
Teachers	NNPS
Should	MD
Know	NNP
And	CC
Be	VB
Able	JJ
To	TO
Do	VB
,	,
which	WDT
has	VBZ
served	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
basis	NN
for	IN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
standards	NNS
development	NN
work	NN
NBPTS	NNP
has	VBZ
conducted	VBN
.	.
To	TO
this	DT
day	NN
,	,
it	PRP
remains	VBZ
the	DT
cornerstone	NN
of	IN
the	DT
system	NN
of	IN
National	NNP
Board	NNP
Certification	NNP
and	CC
has	VBZ
served	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
guide	NN
to	TO
school	NN
districts	NNS
,	,
states	NNS
,	,
colleges	NNS
,	,
universities	NNS
and	CC
others	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
strong	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
strengthening	VBG
the	DT
initial	JJ
and	CC
ongoing	JJ
education	NN
of	IN
America	NNP
's	POS
teachers	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
holds	VBZ
the	DT
promise	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
a	DT
stimulus	NN
to	TO
self-reflection	NN
on	IN
the	DT
part	NN
of	IN
teachers	NNS
at	IN
all	DT
levels	NNS
of	IN
accomplishment	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
a	DT
catalyst	NN
for	IN
healthy	JJ
debate	NN
and	CC
the	DT
forging	VBG
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
professional	JJ
consensus	NN
on	IN
accomplished	JJ
practice	NN
in	IN
each	DT
field	NN
of	IN
teaching	NN
.	.
The	DT
National	NNP
Board	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Standards	NNPS
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
recognize	VB
teachers	NNS
who	WP
effectively	RB
enhance	VBP
student	NN
learning	NN
and	CC
demonstrate	VB
the	DT
high	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
knowledge	NN
,	,
skills	NNS
,	,
abilities	NNS
and	CC
commitments	NNS
reflected	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
five	CD
core	NN
propositions	NNS
.	.
Accomplished	VBN
teachers	NNS
are	VBP
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
making	VBG
knowledge	NN
accessible	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
students	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
act	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
belief	NN
that	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
can	MD
learn	VB
.	.
They	PRP
treat	VBP
students	NNS
equitably	RB
,	,
recognizing	VBG
the	DT
individual	JJ
differences	NNS
that	WDT
distinguish	VBP
one	CD
student	NN
from	IN
another	DT
and	CC
taking	VBG
account	NN
of	IN
these	DT
differences	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
practice	NN
.	.
They	PRP
adjust	VBP
their	PRP$
practice	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
observation	NN
and	CC
knowledge	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
students	NNS
'	POS
interests	NNS
,	,
abilities	NNS
,	,
skills	NNS
,	,
knowledge	NN
,	,
family	NN
circumstances	NNS
and	CC
peer	VB
relationships	NNS
.	.
Accomplished	VBN
teachers	NNS
understand	VBP
how	WRB
students	NNS
develop	VBP
and	CC
learn	VBP
.	.
They	PRP
incorporate	VBP
the	DT
prevailing	VBG
theories	NNS
of	IN
cognition	NN
and	CC
intelligence	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
practice	NN
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
influence	NN
of	IN
context	NN
and	CC
culture	NN
on	IN
behavior	NN
.	.
They	PRP
develop	VBP
students	NNS
'	POS
cognitive	JJ
capacity	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
respect	NN
for	IN
learning	VBG
.	.
Equally	RB
important	JJ
,	,
they	PRP
foster	VBP
students	NNS
'	POS
self-esteem	NN
,	,
motivation	NN
,	,
character	NN
,	,
civic	JJ
responsibility	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
respect	NN
for	IN
individual	JJ
,	,
cultural	JJ
,	,
religious	JJ
and	CC
racial	JJ
differences	NNS
.	.
Accomplished	VBN
teachers	NNS
have	VBP
a	DT
rich	JJ
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
subject	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
they	PRP
teach	VBP
and	CC
appreciate	VBP
how	WRB
knowledge	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
subject	NN
is	VBZ
created	VBN
,	,
organized	VBN
,	,
linked	VBN
to	TO
other	JJ
disciplines	NNS
and	CC
applied	VBN
to	TO
real-world	JJ
settings	NNS
.	.
While	IN
faithfully	RB
representing	VBG
the	DT
collective	JJ
wisdom	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
culture	NN
and	CC
upholding	VBG
the	DT
value	NN
of	IN
disciplinary	JJ
knowledge	NN
,	,
they	PRP
also	RB
develop	VBP
the	DT
critical	JJ
and	CC
analytical	JJ
capacities	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
students	NNS
.	.
Accomplished	VBN
teachers	NNS
command	VBP
specialized	VBN
knowledge	NN
of	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
convey	VB
and	CC
reveal	VB
subject	JJ
matter	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
preconceptions	NNS
and	CC
background	NN
knowledge	NN
that	WDT
students	NNS
typically	RB
bring	VBP
to	TO
each	DT
subject	NN
and	CC
of	IN
strategies	NNS
and	CC
instructional	JJ
materials	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
of	IN
assistance	NN
.	.
They	PRP
understand	VBP
where	WRB
difficulties	NNS
are	VBP
likely	JJ
to	TO
arise	VB
and	CC
modify	VB
their	PRP$
practice	NN
accordingly	RB
.	.
Their	PRP$
instructional	JJ
repertoire	NN
allows	VBZ
them	PRP
to	TO
create	VB
multiple	JJ
paths	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
subjects	NNS
they	PRP
teach	VBP
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
are	VBP
adept	JJ
at	IN
teaching	NN
students	NNS
how	WRB
to	TO
pose	VB
and	CC
solve	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
Accomplished	VBN
teachers	NNS
create	VBP
,	,
enrich	VBP
,	,
maintain	VBP
and	CC
alter	VBP
instructional	JJ
settings	NNS
to	TO
capture	VB
and	CC
sustain	VB
the	DT
interest	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
students	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
effective	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
They	PRP
also	RB
are	VBP
adept	JJ
at	IN
engaging	VBG
students	NNS
and	CC
adults	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
their	PRP$
teaching	NN
and	CC
at	IN
enlisting	VBG
their	PRP$
colleagues	NNS
'	POS
knowledge	NN
and	CC
expertise	NN
to	TO
complement	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
Accomplished	VBN
teachers	NNS
command	VBP
a	DT
range	NN
of	IN
generic	JJ
instructional	JJ
techniques	NNS
,	,
know	VBP
when	WRB
each	DT
is	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
and	CC
can	MD
implement	VB
them	PRP
as	IN
needed	VBN
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
as	IN
aware	JJ
of	IN
ineffectual	JJ
or	CC
damaging	JJ
practice	NN
as	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
devoted	VBN
to	TO
elegant	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
They	PRP
know	VBP
how	WRB
to	TO
engage	VB
groups	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
a	DT
disciplined	JJ
learning	NN
environment	NN
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
organize	VB
instruction	NN
to	TO
allow	VB
the	DT
schools	NNS
'	POS
goals	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
met	VBN
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
adept	JJ
at	IN
setting	VBG
norms	NNS
for	IN
social	JJ
interaction	NN
among	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
between	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
teachers	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
understand	VBP
how	WRB
to	TO
motivate	VB
students	NNS
to	TO
learn	VB
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
maintain	VB
their	PRP$
interest	NN
even	RB
in	IN
the	DT
face	NN
of	IN
temporary	JJ
failure	NN
.	.
Accomplished	VBN
teachers	NNS
can	MD
assess	VB
the	DT
progress	NN
of	IN
individual	JJ
students	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
that	DT
of	IN
the	DT
class	NN
as	IN
a	DT
whole	NN
.	.
They	PRP
employ	VBP
multiple	JJ
methods	NNS
for	IN
measuring	VBG
student	NN
growth	NN
and	CC
understanding	NN
and	CC
can	MD
clearly	RB
explain	VB
student	NN
performance	NN
to	TO
parents	NNS
.	.
Accomplished	VBN
teachers	NNS
are	VBP
models	NNS
of	IN
educated	VBN
persons	NNS
,	,
exemplifying	VBG
the	DT
virtues	NNS
they	PRP
seek	VBP
to	TO
inspire	VB
in	IN
students	NNS
--	:
curiosity	NN
,	,
tolerance	NN
,	,
honesty	NN
,	,
fairness	NN
,	,
respect	NN
for	IN
diversity	NN
and	CC
appreciation	NN
of	IN
cultural	JJ
differences	NNS
--	:
and	CC
the	DT
capacities	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
prerequisites	NNS
for	IN
intellectual	JJ
growth	NN
:	:
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
reason	NN
and	CC
take	VB
multiple	JJ
perspectives	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
creative	JJ
and	CC
take	VB
risks	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
adopt	VB
an	DT
experimental	JJ
and	CC
problem-solving	JJ
orientation	NN
.	.
Accomplished	VBN
teachers	NNS
draw	VBP
on	IN
their	PRP$
knowledge	NN
of	IN
human	JJ
development	NN
,	,
subject	JJ
matter	NN
and	CC
instruction	NN
,	,
and	CC
their	PRP$
understanding	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
students	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
principled	JJ
judgments	NNS
about	IN
sound	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
Their	PRP$
decisions	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
only	RB
grounded	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
literature	NN
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
in	IN
their	PRP$
experience	NN
.	.
They	PRP
engage	VBP
in	IN
lifelong	JJ
learning	NN
which	WDT
they	PRP
seek	VBP
to	TO
encourage	VB
in	IN
their	PRP$
students	NNS
.	.
Striving	VBG
to	TO
strengthen	VB
their	PRP$
teaching	NN
,	,
accomplished	JJ
teachers	NNS
critically	RB
examine	VBP
their	PRP$
practice	NN
,	,
seek	VB
to	TO
expand	VB
their	PRP$
repertoire	NN
,	,
deepen	VB
their	PRP$
knowledge	NN
,	,
sharpen	VB
their	PRP$
judgment	NN
and	CC
adapt	VB
their	PRP$
teaching	NN
to	TO
new	JJ
findings	NNS
,	,
ideas	NNS
and	CC
theories	NNS
.	.
Accomplished	VBN
teachers	NNS
contribute	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
effectiveness	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
by	IN
working	VBG
collaboratively	RB
with	IN
other	JJ
professionals	NNS
on	IN
instructional	JJ
policy	NN
,	,
curriculum	NN
development	NN
and	CC
staff	NN
development	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
evaluate	VB
school	NN
progress	NN
and	CC
the	DT
allocation	NN
of	IN
school	NN
resources	NNS
in	IN
light	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
understanding	NN
of	IN
state	NN
and	CC
local	JJ
educational	JJ
objectives	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
knowledgeable	JJ
about	IN
specialized	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
community	NN
resources	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
engaged	VBN
for	IN
their	PRP$
students	NNS
'	POS
benefit	NN
,	,
and	CC
are	VBP
skilled	JJ
at	IN
employing	VBG
such	JJ
resources	NNS
as	IN
needed	VBN
.	.
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Standards	NNPS
.	.
This	DT
federal	JJ
funding	NN
is	VBZ
currently	RB
used	VBN
for	IN
retake	NN
fee	NN
waivers	NNS
for	IN
candidates	NNS
who	WP
need	VBP
to	TO
re-take	VB
portions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
certification	NN
process	NN
.	.
Each	DT
candidate	NN
will	MD
be	VB
limited	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
maximum	NN
of	IN
$	$
600	CD
in	IN
retake	NN
waivers	NNS
.	.
Candidates	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
received	VBN
previous	JJ
federal	JJ
subsidy	NN
waivers	NNS
or	CC
funding	NN
are	VBP
ineligible	JJ
for	IN
retake	NN
fee	NN
waivers	NNS
.	.
Correspondence	NN
requesting	VBG
the	DT
retake	NN
fee	NN
subsidy	NN
waivers	NNS
and	CC
evidence	NN
that	WDT
retakes	VBZ
are	VBP
needed	VBN
must	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
with	IN
each	DT
request	NN
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
the	DT
candidate	NN
ID	NNP
number	NN
.	.
This	DT
$	$
600	CD
for	IN
retake	NN
fee	NN
waivers	NNS
is	VBZ
in	IN
lieu	NN
of	IN
,	,
and	CC
not	RB
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
,	,
the	DT
$	$
600	CD
allowable	JJ
for	IN
extra	JJ
expenses	NNS
incurred	VBN
while	IN
obtaining	VBG
board	NN
certification	NN
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
each	DT
teacher	NN
who	WP
completes	VBZ
ten	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
10	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
scorable	JJ
entries	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
reimbursed	VBN
up	RP
to	TO
$	$
600.00	CD
for	IN
expenses	NNS
incurred	VBN
while	IN
completing	VBG
the	DT
process	NN
.	.
This	DT
reimbursement	NN
program	NN
is	VBZ
subject	JJ
to	TO
legislative	JJ
appropriation	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
be	VB
limited	VBN
to	TO
200	CD
teachers	NNS
annually	RB
.	.
To	TO
apply	VB
for	IN
fee	NN
reimbursement	NN
,	,
an	DT
applicant	NN
must	MD
complete	VB
and	CC
submit	VB
a	DT
Form	NN
37	CD
application	NN
.	.
The	DT
application	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
at	IN
:	:
http://wvde.state.wv.us/opp/forms/index.html	NN
.	.
Families	NNS
,	,
professionals	NNS
,	,
college	NN
students	NNS
,	,
and	CC
others	NNS
who	WP
want	VBP
to	TO
learn	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
assistive	JJ
technology	NN
.	.
A	DT
limited	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
``	``
focus	NN
''	''
children	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
accepted	VBN
and	CC
assigned	VBN
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
professionals	NNS
who	WP
help	VBP
families	NNS
identify	VB
and	CC
apply	VB
new	JJ
strategies	NNS
for	IN
solving	VBG
their	PRP$
multiple	JJ
assistive	JJ
technology	NN
needs	VBZ
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Preference	NN
will	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
children	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
not	RB
previously	RB
attended	VBD
camp	NN
.	.
Professionals	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
caregivers	NNS
involved	VBN
with	IN
these	DT
children	NNS
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
attend	VB
the	DT
camp	NN
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
Labs	NNPS
and	CC
workshops	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
Camp	NNP
participants	NNS
daily	RB
.	.
Parents	NNS
attend	VBP
workshops	NNS
on	IN
subjects	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
help	VB
them	PRP
better	JJR
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
child	NN
.	.
Professionals	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
attend	VBP
workshops	NNS
of	IN
interest	NN
that	WDT
meet	VBP
professional	JJ
\/	NN
educational	JJ
needs	NNS
or	CC
assist	VB
the	DT
``	``
focus	NN
''	''
family	NN
.	.
Teams	NNS
will	MD
meet	VB
daily	JJ
to	TO
observe	VB
,	,
discuss	VB
and	CC
implement	VB
strategies	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
``	``
focus	NN
''	''
child	NN
.	.
Camp	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
Camp	NNP
Gizmo	NNP
.	.
All	DT
children	NNS
attending	VBG
the	DT
camp	NN
with	IN
focus	NN
families	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
participants	NNS
will	MD
participate	VB
in	IN
Kids	NNP
Camp	NNP
educational	JJ
and	CC
recreational	JJ
activities	NNS
.	.
Kids	NNS
Camp	NNP
is	VBZ
safe	JJ
,	,
fun	NN
camp	NN
experience	NN
for	IN
children	NNS
with	IN
or	CC
without	IN
disabilities	NNS
.	.
Most	JJS
websites	NNS
are	VBP
dynamic	JJ
and	CC
links	NNS
to	TO
articles	NNS
may	MD
change	VB
.	.
Please	VB
notify	VB
the	DT
Superintendent	NNP
's	POS
Center	NNP
for	IN
21st	CD
Century	NNP
Schools	NNP
at	IN
WVDE	NNP
about	IN
inacurate	NN
or	CC
broken	VBN
links	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
always	RB
use	VB
your	PRP$
favorite	JJ
search	NN
engine	NN
to	TO
locate	VB
a	DT
desired	VBN
article	NN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
now	RB
completed	VBN
the	DT
21st	CD
Century	NNP
Learning	NNP
segment	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
continue	VB
with	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
segment	NN
click	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
Creating	VBG
21st	CD
Century	NNP
Schools	NNP
button	NN
below	IN
.	.
To	TO
end	VB
the	DT
session	NN
click	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
X	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
top	JJ
right	NN
of	IN
the	DT
screen	NN
.	.
Related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Teachers	NNPS
'	POS
Defined	VBN
Contribution	NNP
Retirement	NNP
System	NNP
be	VB
moved	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
first	JJ
order	NN
of	IN
business	NN
immediately	RB
following	VBG
the	DT
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
Ms.	NNP
Phillips	NNP
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Ms.	NNP
Hatfield	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
approved	VBD
the	DT
agenda	NN
as	IN
amended	VBN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Weir	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Hancock	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
October	NNP
18	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
performance	NN
and	CC
progress	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Mineral	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
October	NNP
25	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
performance	NN
and	CC
progress	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Berkeley	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
October	NNP
27	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
performance	NN
and	CC
progress	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Board	NNP
grant	NN
Hedgesville	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
the	DT
accreditation	NN
status	NN
listed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
school	NN
report	NN
and	CC
that	IN
the	DT
school	NN
and	CC
county	NN
be	VB
given	VBN
until	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
accreditation	NN
cycle	NN
to	TO
correct	VB
any	DT
deficiencies	NNS
reported	VBD
.	.
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
others	NNS
,	,
as	IN
appropriate	JJ
,	,
for	IN
President	NNP
Johnson	NNP
's	POS
signature	NN
regarding	VBG
attitudinal	JJ
problems	NNS
of	IN
staff	NN
and	CC
students	NNS
and	CC
further	JJ
directed	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
follow-up	JJ
be	VB
conducted	VBN
within	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
four	CD
to	TO
five	CD
months	NNS
.	.
High	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Pocahontas	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
November	NNP
3	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
performance	NN
and	CC
progress	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Study	NNP
Group	NNP
report	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
This	DT
report	NN
was	VBD
developed	VBN
in	IN
response	NN
to	TO
a	DT
request	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
at	IN
its	PRP$
September	NNP
meeting	NN
and	CC
addresses	NNS
the	DT
effectiveness	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
teacher	NN
mentorship	NN
program	NN
.	.
Participating	VBG
in	IN
this	DT
committee	NN
were	VBD
over	IN
30	CD
individuals	NNS
representing	VBG
classroom	NN
teachers	NNS
,	,
administrators	NNS
,	,
higher	JJR
education	NN
professional	JJ
teacher	NN
organizations	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Department	NNP
,	,
Regional	NNP
Education	NNP
Service	NNP
Agencies	NNPS
-LRB-	-LRB-
RESA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
,	,
the	DT
National	NNP
Commission	NNP
for	IN
Teaching	NNP
and	CC
America	NNP
's	POS
Future	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Benedum	NNP
Foundation	NNP
.	.
Technology	NNP
Plan	NNP
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
first	JJ
order	NN
of	IN
New	NNP
Business	NNP
for	IN
further	JJ
discussion	NN
and	CC
action	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
the	DT
call	NN
for	IN
the	DT
question	NN
Ms.	NNP
Phillips	NNP
moved	VBD
,	,
and	CC
Mr.	NNP
Dunlevy	NNP
seconded	VBD
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
be	VB
approved	VBN
as	IN
amended	VBN
.	.
The	DT
motion	NN
carried	VBD
unanimously	RB
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Cook	NNP
moved	VBD
,	,
and	CC
Ms.	NNP
Hatfield	NNP
seconded	VBD
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
be	VB
approved	VBN
.	.
Upon	IN
the	DT
call	NN
for	IN
the	DT
question	NN
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Huntington	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
portion	NN
of	IN
Attachment	NNP
H	NNP
be	VB
removed	VBN
for	IN
further	JJ
discussion	NN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
moved	VBD
,	,
and	CC
Mrs.	NNP
Cook	NNP
seconded	VBD
,	,
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
as	IN
amended	VBN
.	.
The	DT
motion	NN
was	VBD
carried	VBN
unanimously	RB
.	.
Elementary	JJ
CEFP	NNP
from	IN
a	DT
replacement	NN
school	NN
to	TO
a	DT
renovation	NN
project	NN
.	.
This	DT
project	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
resources	NNS
to	TO
renovate	VB
and	CC
construct	VB
additions	NNS
.	.
Demolition	NN
of	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
structure	NN
and	CC
three	CD
portable	JJ
classrooms	NNS
will	MD
occur	VB
upon	IN
completion	NN
.	.
November	NNP
14	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
alternative	NN
route	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
a	DT
route	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
hold	VBP
the	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
in	IN
a	DT
specific	JJ
content	JJ
area	NN
,	,
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
curriculum	NN
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
employed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
shortage	NN
area	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Kenna	NNP
R.	NNP
Seal	NNP
,	,
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
,	,
distributed	VBN
and	CC
presented	VBN
the	DT
2005	CD
Report	NNP
of	IN
Ratings	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
annually	RB
rates	NNS
both	DT
schools	NNS
and	CC
school	NN
systems	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
information	NN
reviewed	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
system	NN
of	IN
education	NN
performance	NN
audits	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Nicholas	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
October	NNP
12	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
performance	NN
and	CC
progress	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Vice	NNP
President	NNP
Cook	NNP
announced	VBD
the	DT
appointment	NN
of	IN
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Institute	NNP
of	IN
Medicine	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Academies	NNP
'	POS
Committee	NNP
on	IN
Nutrition	NNP
Standards	NNP
for	IN
Foods	NNP
in	IN
Schools	NNP
.	.
This	DT
committee	NN
will	MD
author	NN
a	DT
consensus	NN
report	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
its	PRP$
review	NN
of	IN
appropriate	JJ
nutritional	JJ
standards	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
availability	NN
,	,
sale	NN
,	,
content	NN
,	,
and	CC
consumption	NN
of	IN
foods	NNS
at	IN
school	NN
,	,
with	IN
attention	NN
given	VBN
to	TO
foods	NNS
offered	VBN
in	IN
competition	NN
with	IN
federally-reimbursed	JJ
meals	NNS
and	CC
snacks	NNS
.	.
This	DT
study	NN
is	VBZ
supported	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Centers	NNPS
for	IN
Disease	NNP
Control	NNP
and	CC
Prevention	NNP
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Karen	NNP
Larry	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Assistant	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
's	POS
Office	NNP
,	,
distributed	VBN
and	CC
presented	VBN
a	DT
document	NN
entitled	VBN
``	``
A	DT
Study	NN
of	IN
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
for	IN
Public	NNP
School	NNP
Educators	NNP
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
''	''
The	DT
document	NN
,	,
a	DT
report	NN
of	IN
the	DT
status	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
's	POS
professional	JJ
development	NN
system	NN
,	,
was	VBD
prepared	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Staff	NNP
Development	NNP
Council	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
direction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Legislative	NNP
Oversight	NNP
Commission	NNP
on	IN
Education	NNP
Accountability	NNP
.	.
Upon	IN
recommendation	NN
of	IN
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
motion	NN
by	IN
Ms.	NNP
Phillips	NNP
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
issued	VBD
Temporary	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
,	,
Conditional	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
,	,
and	CC
Seriously	RB
Impaired	VBN
status	NN
to	TO
the	DT
schools	NNS
as	IN
listed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
amended	VBN
School	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
Summary	NNP
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
and	CC
WVBE	NNP
policy	NN
requirements	NNS
for	IN
mentoring	VBG
programs	NNS
.	.
At	IN
its	PRP$
July	NNP
2005	CD
meeting	VBG
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Commission	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Standards	NNPS
recommended	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
WVBE	NNP
request	NN
a	DT
study	NN
to	TO
be	VB
conducted	VBN
of	IN
the	DT
Beginning	VBG
Educator	NNP
Internship	NNP
Program	NNP
and	CC
that	IN
a	DT
statewide	JJ
stakeholder	NN
group	NN
be	VB
convened	VBN
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
effectiveness	NN
of	IN
this	DT
program	NN
.	.
Education	NNP
and	CC
Endicott	NNP
cases	NNS
by	IN
whatever	WDT
means	VBZ
necessary	JJ
,	,
including	VBG
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
filing	VBG
any	DT
appeals	NNS
,	,
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
further	VB
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
previously	RB
approved	VBN
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
Comprehensive	NNP
Educational	NNP
Facilities	NNP
Plan	NNP
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
seconded	VBD
the	DT
motion	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
carried	VBN
unanimously	RB
.	.
President	NNP
Johnson	NNP
,	,
in	IN
follow-up	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
September	NNP
liaison	NN
appointments	NNS
,	,
reported	VBD
that	IN
additional	JJ
research	NN
did	VBD
find	VB
that	IN
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
will	MD
complete	VB
her	PRP$
second	JJ
consecutive	JJ
term	NN
on	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CPD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
October	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
ineligible	JJ
for	IN
reappointment	NN
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
regarding	VBG
a	DT
modification	NN
of	IN
language	NN
at	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
bullet	NN
under	IN
intentional	JJ
and	CC
unintentional	JJ
injury	NN
as	IN
follows	VBZ
:	:
``	``
promote	VB
and	CC
continue	VB
to	TO
support	VB
safe	JJ
physical	JJ
and	CC
emotional	JJ
environments	NNS
free	JJ
from	IN
harassment	NN
,	,
bullying	NN
and	CC
violence	NN
by	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
school	NN
personnel	NNS
.	.
''	''
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBN
during	IN
which	WDT
it	PRP
was	VBD
requested	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
be	VB
provided	VBN
the	DT
preliminary	JJ
draft	NN
report	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
's	POS
study	NN
of	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
presented	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
August	NNP
legislative	JJ
interim	JJ
session	NN
.	.
Amendment	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Logan	NNP
County	NNP
Comprehensive	NNP
Educational	NNP
Facilities	NNP
Plan	NNP
to	TO
include	VB
the	DT
addition	NN
of	IN
one	CD
room	NN
at	IN
Hugh	NNP
Dingess	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
for	IN
additional	JJ
storage	NN
and	CC
a	DT
walk-in	NN
cooler\/freezer	NN
.	.
The	DT
room	NN
will	MD
be	VB
1,248	CD
square	JJ
feet	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
to	TO
upgrade	VB
the	DT
kitchen	NN
to	TO
current	JJ
standards	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Quality	NNP
of	IN
Teacher	NN
Preparation	NNP
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
-	:
this	DT
publication	NN
contains	VBZ
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
teacher	NN
education	NN
program	NN
completers	NNS
from	IN
September	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2003	CD
-	:
August	NNP
31	CD
,	,
2004	CD
on	IN
state	NN
assessments	NNS
,	,
institutionally	RB
designed	VBN
performance	NN
assessments	NNS
,	,
field	NN
experiences	NNS
and	CC
student	NN
teaching	NN
.	.
Office	NNP
of	IN
Student	NNP
Assessment	NNP
,	,
Division	NNP
of	IN
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
distributed	VBN
information	NN
and	CC
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
statewide	JJ
assessment	NN
recommendations	NNS
which	WDT
have	VBP
been	VBN
expanded	VBN
to	TO
include	VB
K-2	NNP
assessment	NN
,	,
writing	VBG
assessment	NN
in	IN
grades	NNS
3-11	CD
,	,
combined	VBN
college	NN
admissions\/WESTEST	NNP
assessment	NN
in	IN
grades	NNS
9-12	CD
and	CC
a	DT
formative	JJ
assessment	NN
component	NN
in	IN
grades	NNS
K-12	NN
.	.
The	DT
assessment	NN
recommendations	NNS
are	VBP
supported	VBN
by	IN
research	NN
and	CC
best	JJS
practices	NNS
to	TO
promote	VB
enhanced	JJ
achievement	NN
performance	NN
,	,
promote	VB
school	NN
improvement	NN
and	CC
assist	VB
county	NN
school	NN
districts	NNS
in	IN
closing	VBG
the	DT
achievement	NN
gap	NN
by	IN
2014	CD
.	.
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
,	,
be	VB
modified	VBN
to	TO
show	VB
national	JJ
standards	NNS
,	,
and	CC
President	NNP
Johnson	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
members	NNS
notify	VBP
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
executive	NN
secretary	NN
of	IN
parking	NN
and	CC
hotel	NN
needs	NNS
for	IN
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
hearing	NN
and	CC
of	IN
plans	NNS
to	TO
attend	VB
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
annual	JJ
conference	NN
in	IN
October	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Fish	NN
appointed	VBN
Ms.	NNP
Hatfield	NNP
to	TO
assist	VB
with	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
guidelines	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
accrued	VBN
instructional	JJ
time	NN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
information	NN
be	VB
provided	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
future	JJ
meeting	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
attainment	NN
of	IN
physical	JJ
education	NN
credits	NNS
.	.
Services	NNPS
,	,
provided	VBD
a	DT
progress	NN
report	NN
on	IN
the	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
student	NN
success	NN
initiative	NN
.	.
This	DT
item	NN
will	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
August	NNP
agenda	NN
for	IN
in-depth	JJ
discussion	NN
and	CC
also	RB
on	IN
the	DT
September	NNP
agenda	NN
with	IN
a	DT
detailed	JJ
plan	NN
of	IN
action	NN
to	TO
include	VB
the	DT
topic	NN
of	IN
grammar	NN
and	CC
consideration	NN
will	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
ideology	NN
of	IN
the	DT
codes	NNS
of	IN
conduct	NN
and	CC
development	NN
of	IN
study	NN
skills	NNS
.	.
Upon	IN
recommendation	NN
of	IN
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
motion	NN
by	IN
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Ms.	NNP
Hatfield	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
continued	VBD
the	DT
Conditional	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
of	IN
Lubeck	NNP
Elementary	NNP
and	CC
Parkersburg	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Full	NNP
Approval	NNP
status	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Wood	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
with	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
and	CC
county	NN
given	VBN
until	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
accreditation	NN
cycle	NN
to	TO
correct	VB
any	DT
identified	VBN
deficiencies	NNS
.	.
Superintendent	NN
,	,
who	WP
provided	VBD
a	DT
report	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
professional	JJ
development	NN
facet	NN
of	IN
S.	NNP
B.	NNP
603	CD
that	WDT
impacts	VBZ
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Fish	NN
stated	VBD
that	IN
Mrs.	NNP
Cook	NNP
,	,
and	CC
possibly	RB
Ms.	NNP
Phillips	NNP
,	,
will	MD
represent	VB
the	DT
Board	NNP
on	IN
this	DT
legislative	JJ
study	NN
group	NN
.	.
Assistant	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Professional	NNP
Preparation	NNP
,	,
Division	NNP
of	IN
Administrative	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
addressed	VBD
questions	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
thirty	CD
day	NN
comment	NN
period	NN
,	,
conflicts	NNS
between	IN
state	NN
and	CC
federal	JJ
certification	NN
legislation	NN
,	,
and	CC
special	JJ
education	NN
certification	NN
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Search	NNP
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
provided	VBD
an	DT
overview	NN
of	IN
the	DT
interview	NN
process	NN
and	CC
announced	VBD
the	DT
dates	NNS
of	IN
June	NNP
13	CD
,	,
18	CD
,	,
21	CD
and	CC
27	CD
for	IN
interviews	NNS
of	IN
selected	VBN
candidates	NNS
.	.
Logistical	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
travel	NN
and	CC
teleconferencing	NN
,	,
were	VBD
addressed	VBN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
reference	NN
check	NN
protocol	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
returned	VBD
from	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
at	IN
4:50	CD
p.m.	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
time	NN
President	NNP
Fish	NN
announced	VBD
that	IN
no	DT
action	NN
was	VBD
taken	VBN
and	CC
no	DT
decisions	NNS
were	VBD
made	VBN
.	.
President	NNP
Fish	NN
reported	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Director	NNP
of	IN
OEPA	NNP
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Blind	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Executive	NNP
Secretary	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
were	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
commended	VBN
for	IN
their	PRP$
performance	NN
and	CC
all	DT
received	VBN
satisfactory	JJ
evaluations	NNS
.	.
President	NNP
Fish	NN
noted	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
complete	JJ
in	IN
that	IN
the	DT
appraisal	NN
for	IN
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
remained	VBD
and	CC
,	,
as	IN
such	JJ
,	,
would	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
up	RP
at	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
to	TO
be	VB
held	VBN
June	NNP
9	CD
,	,
2005	CD
at	IN
the	DT
Cedar	NNP
Lakes	NNPS
Conference	NNP
Center	NNP
in	IN
Jackson	NNP
County	NNP
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
returned	VBD
from	IN
Executive	NNP
Session	NN
at	IN
9:12	CD
a.m.	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
time	NN
President	NNP
Fish	NN
announced	VBD
that	IN
no	DT
action	NN
was	VBD
taken	VBN
and	CC
no	DT
decisions	NNS
were	VBD
made	VBN
.	.
President	NNP
Fish	NN
reported	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
was	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
commended	VBN
for	IN
his	PRP$
performance	NN
and	CC
that	IN
he	PRP
received	VBD
a	DT
satisfactory	JJ
evaluation	NN
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
regarding	VBG
interview	NN
ranking	JJ
forms	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
consensus	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
that	IN
the	DT
forms	NNS
be	VB
returned	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
executive	NN
secretary	NN
by	IN
June	NNP
6	CD
.	.
Further	JJ
discussion	NN
will	MD
take	VB
place	NN
at	IN
the	DT
June	NNP
8	CD
meeting	NN
as	IN
to	TO
the	DT
ranking	JJ
and	CC
selection	NN
of	IN
candidates	NNS
for	IN
interview	NN
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Cook	NNP
moved	VBD
,	,
and	CC
Dr.	NNP
Johnson	NNP
seconded	VBD
,	,
that	IN
a	DT
thorough	JJ
background	NN
check	NN
be	VB
conducted	VBN
of	IN
all	DT
candidates	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
interviewed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
motion	NN
was	VBD
carried	VBN
unanimously	RB
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
and	CC
Ms.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
departed	VBD
the	DT
meeting	NN
following	VBG
the	DT
vote	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Fish	NN
and	CC
Mr.	NNP
Doug	NNP
Kiger	NNP
,	,
Director\/Principal	NNP
,	,
Wood	NNP
County	NNP
Technical	NNP
Center	NNP
,	,
recognized	VBD
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
technical	JJ
education	NN
students	NNS
from	IN
Wood	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
who	WP
will	MD
represent	VB
the	DT
state	NN
in	IN
national	JJ
level	NN
competition	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Grant	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
February	NNP
8	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Hardy	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
February	NNP
9	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Mineral	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
March	NNP
15	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Hopkins	NNP
presented	VBD
Policy	NNP
3232	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
A	DT
number	NN
of	IN
procedural	JJ
and	CC
statutory	JJ
changes	NNS
dictate	VBP
the	DT
need	NN
to	TO
repeal	VB
and	CC
replace	VB
the	DT
current	JJ
policy	NN
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
replacement	NN
policy	NN
includes	VBZ
these	DT
changes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
updates	NNS
titles	NNS
and	CC
terminology	NN
to	TO
reflect	VB
current	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Fish	NN
distributed	VBN
information	NN
and	CC
initiated	VBN
discussion	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
process	NN
for	IN
selection	NN
of	IN
a	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
consensus	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
that	IN
the	DT
entire	JJ
Board	NNP
would	MD
constitute	VB
the	DT
search	NN
committee	NN
with	IN
Ms.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
serving	VBG
as	IN
chair	NN
.	.
A	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
April	NNP
to	TO
continue	VB
discussion	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
hiring	VBG
process	NN
.	.
The	DT
hiring\/selection	JJ
process	NN
will	MD
be	VB
completed	VBN
by	IN
June	NNP
30	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
Continued	VBN
the	DT
Full	NNP
Approval	NNP
Status	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Gilmer	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
,	,
issued	VBD
the	DT
schools	NNS
the	DT
accreditation	NN
status	NN
listed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
report	NN
and	CC
gave	VBD
the	DT
school	NN
system	NN
a	DT
Date	NNP
Certain	NNP
of	IN
October	NNP
3	CD
,	,
2005	CD
to	TO
correct	VB
the	DT
identified	VBN
noncompliances	NNS
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Nicholas	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
January	NNP
25	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
distributed	VBN
information	NN
and	CC
presented	VBN
Policy	NN
6200	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Policy	NNP
6200	CD
is	VBZ
being	VBG
revised	VBN
to	TO
change	VB
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
constructing	VBG
school	NN
facilities	NNS
with	IN
more	JJR
emphasis	NN
on	IN
indoor	JJ
air	NN
quality	NN
,	,
determining	VBG
that	IN
current	JJ
regulatory	JJ
requirements	NNS
are	VBP
met	VBN
and	CC
that	IN
the	DT
American	NNP
Society	NNP
of	IN
Heating	NN
and	CC
Refrigeration	NNP
Engineers	NNPS
design	NN
perimeters	NNS
are	VBP
maintained	VBN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Bill	NNP
Elswick	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
School	NNP
Facilities	NNPS
,	,
Division	NNP
of	IN
Administrative	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
assisted	VBN
Dr.	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
joined	VBD
the	DT
meeting	NN
via	IN
telephone	NN
.	.
Through	IN
the	DT
revision	NN
process	NN
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
determined	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
two	CD
policies	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
combined	VBN
because	IN
the	DT
content	NN
is	VBZ
similar	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
communications	NNS
and	CC
enforcement	NN
issues	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
policy	NN
could	MD
be	VB
consistent	JJ
.	.
This	DT
proposed	VBN
combination	NN
of	IN
policies	NNS
would	MD
require	VB
that	IN
existing	VBG
Policies	NNS
2422.5	CD
,	,
Substance	NNP
Abuse	NNP
,	,
and	CC
2422.5	CD
A	DT
,	,
Tobacco	NNP
Control	NNP
,	,
be	VB
repealed	VBN
and	CC
replaced	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
revised	VBN
Policy	NN
2422.5	CD
,	,
Substance	NNP
Abuse	NNP
and	CC
Tobacco	NNP
Control	NNP
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Paine	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Blind	NNP
personnel	NNS
items	NNS
dealing	VBG
with	IN
suspension	NN
be	VB
removed	VBN
as	IN
both	DT
employees	NNS
have	VBP
requested	VBN
hearings	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
Following	VBG
Dr.	NNP
Paine	NNP
's	POS
request	NN
,	,
President	NNP
Fish	NN
announced	VBD
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
to	TO
conduct	VB
the	DT
hearings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
meeting	NN
will	MD
take	VB
place	NN
on	IN
March	NNP
18	CD
at	IN
1:00	CD
p.m.	NN
in	IN
Charleston	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Fish	NN
,	,
in	IN
an	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
begin	VB
working	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
financial	JJ
situation	NN
in	IN
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
and	CC
to	TO
begin	VB
action	NN
on	IN
the	DT
efficiencies	NNS
of	IN
operation	NN
,	,
entertained	VBD
a	DT
motion	NN
directing	VBG
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
to	TO
take	VB
all	DT
steps	NNS
necessary	JJ
to	TO
effectuate	VB
the	DT
current	JJ
,	,
approved	VBD
Comprehensive	NNP
Educational	NNP
Facilities	NNP
Plan	NNP
in	IN
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
Boone	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
January	NNP
11	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Cabell	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
December	NNP
14	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Enslow	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Cabell	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
December	NNP
14	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Milton	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Cabell	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
December	NNP
14	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Huntington	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Cabell	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
December	NNP
15	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Logan	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
January	NNP
12	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Hampshire	NNP
County	NNP
Central	NNP
Office	NNP
January	NNP
18	CD
-	:
21	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
review	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
investigate	VB
the	DT
district	NN
level	NN
high-quality	JJ
standards	NNS
,	,
review	NN
grant	NN
awards	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
expenditure	NN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
appropriate	JJ
procedures	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
on	IN
such	JJ
measures	NNS
as	IN
considered	VBN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
improve	VB
performance	NN
and	CC
progress	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
high-quality	JJ
standards	NNS
required	VBN
by	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
and	CC
Board	NNP
policy	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
recommendation	NN
of	IN
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
motion	NN
by	IN
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Mrs.	NNP
Hamilton	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
declared	VBD
that	IN
extraordinary	JJ
circumstances	NNS
exist	VBP
in	IN
Hampshire	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
,	,
issued	VBD
the	DT
county	NN
Nonapproval	NNP
status	NN
,	,
directed	VBD
the	DT
appointment	NN
of	IN
an	DT
improvement	NN
consultant	NN
team	NN
to	TO
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
within	IN
60	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
said	VBD
appointment	NN
for	IN
correcting	VBG
the	DT
emergency	NN
and	CC
gave	VBD
the	DT
county	NN
six	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
6	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
months	NNS
to	TO
correct	VB
the	DT
deficiencies	NNS
once	IN
the	DT
recommendations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
improvement	NN
consultant	NN
team	NN
are	VBP
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
Superintendent	NN
to	TO
cause	VB
an	DT
investigation	NN
to	TO
be	VB
conducted	VBN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
expenditure	NN
of	IN
federal	JJ
funds	NNS
in	IN
Hampshire	NNP
County	NNP
and	CC
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
full	JJ
report	NN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
with	IN
recommendations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
motion	NN
carried	VBD
unanimously	RB
.	.
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
January	NNP
10	CD
-	:
14	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
review	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
investigate	VB
the	DT
reasons	NNS
for	IN
performance	NN
and	CC
progress	NN
persistently	RB
below	IN
standards	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
school	NN
system	NN
and	CC
State	NNP
Board	NNP
on	IN
such	JJ
measures	NNS
as	IN
considered	VBN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
improve	VB
performance	NN
and	CC
progress	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
standards	NNS
.	.
Johnson	NNP
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
issued	VBD
Nonapproval	NNP
status	NN
to	TO
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
schools	NNS
based	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
report	NN
of	IN
the	DT
OEPA	NNP
and	CC
declared	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
state	NN
of	IN
emergency	NN
exists	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
system	NN
.	.
The	DT
motion	NN
carried	VBD
unanimously	RB
.	.
Hamilton	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
deferred	VBN
ruling	NN
on	IN
either	CC
the	DT
appointment	NN
of	IN
an	DT
improvement	NN
consultant	NN
team	NN
or	CC
intervention	NN
in	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
system	NN
in	IN
order	NN
for	IN
both	DT
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
and	CC
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
to	TO
fully	RB
review	VB
the	DT
voluminous	JJ
report	NN
and	CC
adequately	RB
reflect	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
.	.
The	DT
motion	NN
carried	VBD
unanimously	RB
.	.
One	CD
removed	VBN
from	IN
Back	NNP
Creek	NNP
Valley	NNP
Elementary	NNP
and	CC
destroyed	VBN
;	:
three	CD
removed	VBN
from	IN
Hedgesville	NNP
High	NNP
with	IN
two	CD
going	VBG
to	TO
North	NNP
Middle	NNP
and	CC
one	CD
to	TO
Berkeley	NNP
Heights	NNP
Elementary	NNP
;	:
one	CD
removed	VBN
from	IN
Musselman	NNP
High	NNP
and	CC
placed	VBN
at	IN
Mill	NNP
Creek	NNP
Intermediate	NNP
;	:
and	CC
two	CD
removed	VBN
from	IN
Hedgesville	NNP
Middle	NNP
and	CC
placed	VBN
at	IN
North	NNP
Middle	NNP
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Steven	NNP
L.	NNP
Paine	NNP
,	,
Deputy	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
provided	VBD
a	DT
brief	JJ
history	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
work	NN
day	NN
definition	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
removed	VBN
from	IN
Policy	NN
2510	CD
at	IN
the	DT
December	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Fish	NN
distributed	VBN
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
work	NN
day	NN
definition	NN
as	IN
was	VBD
removed	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
when	WRB
initially	RB
placed	VBN
on	IN
comment	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Fish	NN
requested	VBD
a	DT
motion	NN
to	TO
insert	VB
the	DT
original	JJ
definition	NN
of	IN
``	``
Work	NNP
Day	NNP
''	''
as	IN
''	''
Time	NNP
allocated	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
instructional	JJ
day	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
activities	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
homeroom	NN
,	,
class	NN
changes	NNS
,	,
lunch	NN
,	,
planning	NN
periods	NNS
,	,
and	CC
staff	NN
development	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
not	RB
exceed	VB
eight	CD
clock	NN
hours	NNS
''	''
into	IN
Policy	NN
2510	CD
and	CC
place	NN
this	DT
new	JJ
language	NN
on	IN
comment	NN
for	IN
30	CD
days	NNS
.	.
Following	VBG
discussion	NN
Dr.	NNP
Johnson	NNP
moved	VBD
,	,
and	CC
Ms.	NNP
Hatfield	NNP
seconded	VBD
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
removal	NN
of	IN
item	NN
VIII	NNP
.	.
A.	NN
from	IN
the	DT
January	NNP
agenda	NN
be	VB
a	DT
separate	JJ
vote	NN
and	CC
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
as	IN
previously	RB
amended	VBN
,	,
be	VB
approved	VBN
.	.
The	DT
motion	NN
carried	VBD
unanimously	RB
.	.
Upon	IN
recommendation	NN
of	IN
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
motion	NN
by	IN
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Dr.	NNP
Johnson	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
continued	VBD
Temporary	JJ
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
for	IN
Braxton	NNP
County	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Full	NNP
Approval	NNP
status	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Braxton	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
and	CC
gave	VBD
the	DT
school	NN
and	CC
county	NN
until	IN
September	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2005	CD
,	,
to	TO
correct	VB
the	DT
high-quality	JJ
standards	NNS
necessary	JJ
for	IN
improvement	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Lewis	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
November	NNP
17	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Clay	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Clay	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
November	NNP
18	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Monroe	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
December	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Putnam	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
December	NNP
7	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
December	NNP
8	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Johnson	NNP
moved	VBD
,	,
and	CC
Mrs.	NNP
Cook	NNP
seconded	VBD
,	,
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Consent	NNP
Agenda	NNP
as	IN
previously	RB
amended	VBN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
noted	VBD
that	IN
she	PRP
failed	VBD
to	TO
remove	VB
the	DT
personnel	NNS
item	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
in	IN
its	PRP$
entirety	NN
,	,
was	VBD
approved	VBN
.	.
Thereupon	NNP
Dr.	NNP
Johnson	NNP
and	CC
Mrs.	NNP
Cook	NNP
agreed	VBD
to	TO
amend	VB
their	PRP$
original	JJ
motion	NN
to	TO
remove	VB
item	NN
VII	NNP
.	.
B.	NNP
2	CD
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Personnel	NNP
from	IN
the	DT
Consent	NNP
Agenda	NNP
for	IN
consideration	NN
as	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
item	NN
of	IN
business	NN
under	IN
New	NNP
Business	NNP
.	.
The	DT
motion	NN
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
,	,
carried	VBD
unanimously	RB
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Johnson	NNP
moved	VBD
to	TO
amend	VB
the	DT
original	JJ
motion	NN
to	TO
remove	VB
the	DT
word	NN
``	``
generally	RB
''	''
from	IN
section	NN
5.81	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
definition	NN
of	IN
``	``
Work	NNP
Day	NNP
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Cook	NNP
seconded	VBD
the	DT
motion	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
the	DT
call	NN
for	IN
the	DT
question	NN
the	DT
motion	NN
was	VBD
defeated	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
vote	NN
of	IN
two	CD
to	TO
seven	CD
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Johnson	NNP
moved	VBD
to	TO
amend	VB
the	DT
original	JJ
motion	NN
to	TO
delete	VB
the	DT
following	JJ
language	NN
found	VBN
in	IN
footnote	NN
three	CD
on	IN
Chart	NNP
V-C	NNP
:	:
``	``
or	CC
,	,
if	IN
scheduling	NN
problems	NNS
arise	VBP
,	,
may	MD
substitute	VB
a	DT
required	JJ
technical	JJ
course	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
concentration	NN
in	IN
lieu	NN
of	IN
the	DT
arts	NNS
requirement	NN
''	''
be	VB
deleted	VBN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
seconded	VBD
the	DT
motion	NN
.	.
Chancellor	NNP
Mullen	NNP
offered	VBD
a	DT
friendly	JJ
amendment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
motion	NN
to	TO
delete	VB
the	DT
second	JJ
sentence	NN
and	CC
strike	NN
in	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
sentence	NN
,	,
first	JJ
line	NN
,	,
``	``
The	DT
professional	JJ
and	CC
skill	NN
pathways	NNS
''	''
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Cain	NNP
suggested	VBD
that	IN
footnote	NN
number	NN
three	CD
,	,
in	IN
its	PRP$
entirety	NN
,	,
be	VB
deleted	VBN
from	IN
Charts	NNPS
V-B	NNP
and	CC
V-C	NNP
.	.
Dr.	NNP
``	``
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
intent	NN
that	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
will	MD
take	VB
mathematics	NNS
annually	RB
,	,
but	CC
must	MD
take	VB
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
mathematics	NNS
classes	NNS
in	IN
grades	NNS
9-12	CD
.	.
If	IN
students	NNS
begin	VBP
the	DT
math	NN
sequence	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
grade	NN
9	CD
,	,
they	PRP
should	MD
take	VB
other	JJ
mathematics	NNS
courses	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
may	MD
include	VB
college	NN
courses	NNS
,	,
AP	NNP
courses	NNS
,	,
virtual	JJ
school	NN
courses	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
advanced	JJ
offerings	NNS
.	.
This	DT
principle	NN
applies	VBZ
to	TO
all	DT
required	VBN
course	NN
sequences	NNS
.	.
''	''
The	DT
Board	NNP
returned	VBD
from	IN
Executive	NNP
Session	NN
at	IN
1:58	CD
p.m.	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
time	NN
President	NNP
Fish	NN
announced	VBD
no	DT
action	NN
was	VBD
taken	VBN
and	CC
no	DT
decisions	NNS
were	VBD
made	VBN
in	IN
Executive	NNP
Session	NN
and	CC
entertained	VBD
a	DT
motion	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
that	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
direct	JJ
its	PRP$
counsel	NN
and	CC
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
to	TO
immediately	RB
take	VB
such	JJ
action	NN
as	IN
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
to	TO
effectuate	VB
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
CEFP	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
was	VBD
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
funded	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
SBA	NNP
,	,
including	VBG
an	DT
audit	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
OEPA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
school	NN
system	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Trap	NNP
Hill	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Raleigh	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
October	NNP
19	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Summers	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
October	NNP
20	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Buffalo	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Wayne	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
November	NNP
9	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Fort	NNP
Gay	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Wayne	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
November	NNP
9	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Wayne	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Wayne	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
November	NNP
9	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Program	NN
''	''
award	NN
.	.
This	DT
award	NN
recognizes	VBZ
one	CD
school	NN
cook	NN
throughout	IN
the	DT
country	NN
who	WP
exemplifies	VBZ
the	DT
best	JJS
in	IN
school	NN
nutrition	NN
programs	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
demonstrated	VBN
dedication	NN
to	TO
serving	VBG
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
children	NNS
,	,
collaboration	NN
with	IN
the	DT
school	NN
community	NN
and	CC
families	NNS
,	,
creative	JJ
delivery	NN
and	CC
promotion	NN
of	IN
school	NN
meals	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
dedication	NN
to	TO
continuous	JJ
improvement	NN
through	IN
training	NN
and	CC
professional	JJ
development	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Elkins	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Randolph	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
October	NNP
5	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Mercer	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
October	NNP
7	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Superintendent	NN
,	,
provided	VBD
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
county	NN
school	NN
system	NN
improvement	NN
initiatives	NNS
and	CC
activities	NNS
and	CC
introduced	VBD
Mr.	NNP
John	NNP
Curry	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
distributed	VBN
information	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
Greenbrier	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Dr.	NNP
Charlotte	NNP
Hutchens	NNP
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
Raleigh	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
,	,
who	WP
provided	VBD
additional	JJ
information	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
county	NN
school	NN
system	NN
improvement	NN
initiative	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
questioned	VBD
a	DT
personnel	NNS
action	NN
listed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
schedule	NN
and	CC
requested	VBD
a	DT
new	JJ
organization	NN
chart	NN
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
members	NNS
.	.
Following	VBG
discussion	NN
it	PRP
was	VBD
decided	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
members	NNS
,	,
excluding	VBG
Ms.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
,	,
that	IN
this	DT
item	NN
would	MD
hereafter	VB
be	VB
considered	VBN
under	IN
Reports	NNS
.	.
President	NNP
Fish	NN
questioned	VBD
the	DT
hire	NN
dates	NNS
of	IN
personnel	NNS
listed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
schedule	NN
and	CC
requested	VBD
this	DT
be	VB
more	RBR
closely	RB
monitored	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
as	IN
staff	NN
members	NNS
are	VBP
reporting	VBG
to	TO
work	VB
prior	RB
to	TO
receiving	VBG
Board	NNP
approval	NN
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
concerning	VBG
the	DT
exigency	NN
in	IN
filling	VBG
certain	JJ
positions	NNS
.	.
Following	VBG
discussion	NN
,	,
President	NNP
Fish	NN
entertained	VBD
a	DT
motion	NN
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
take	VB
action	NN
to	TO
waive	VB
the	DT
provisions	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Policy	NNP
2445.41	CD
requiring	VBG
bonds	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
$	$
2,000	CD
and	CC
$	$
5,000	CD
respectively	RB
for	IN
supplemental	JJ
and	CC
primary	JJ
textbooks	NNS
and	CC
delegate	VB
the	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
set	VB
the	DT
amount	NN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
can	MD
not	RB
exceed	VB
$	$
10,000	CD
by	IN
code	NN
.	.
This	DT
action	NN
shall	MD
apply	VB
to	TO
the	DT
social	JJ
studies	NNS
materials	NNS
,	,
mathematics	NNS
materials	NNS
and	CC
future	JJ
materials	NNS
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Morris	NNP
seconded	VBD
the	DT
requested	VBN
motion	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
carried	VBD
unanimously	RB
.	.
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Policy	NNP
2445.41	CD
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
no	DT
member	NN
made	VBN
said	VBD
motion	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
its	PRP$
second	JJ
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Johnson	NNP
moved	VBD
,	,
and	CC
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
seconded	VBD
,	,
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
motion	NN
as	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
previously	RB
stated	VBN
.	.
The	DT
motion	NN
carried	VBD
unanimously	RB
.	.
Dr.	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
presented	VBD
two	CD
new	JJ
content	JJ
specializations	NNS
for	IN
two	CD
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
-	:
Approval	NN
of	IN
Educational	NNP
Personnel	NNP
Preparation	NNP
Programs	NNP
requires	VBZ
the	DT
Program	NN
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
meet	VB
each	DT
semester	NN
to	TO
review	VB
new	JJ
content	JJ
specializations	NNS
and	CC
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
for	IN
action	NN
.	.
Superintendent	NN
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
request	NN
of	IN
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
provided	VBD
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
communication	NN
committee	NN
activities	NNS
including	VBG
a	DT
review	NN
of	IN
the	DT
various	JJ
listserves	NNS
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Achieves	VBZ
tour	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
annual	JJ
report	NN
.	.
Jane	NNP
McBride	NNP
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Blind	NNP
,	,
welcomed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
introduced	VBD
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
Mountaineer	NNP
Melodies	NNPS
,	,
who	WP
entertained	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
with	IN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
musical	JJ
selections	NNS
,	,
and	CC
2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Blind	NNP
staff	NN
who	WP
provided	VBD
a	DT
PowerPoint	NNP
presentation	NN
highlighting	VBG
the	DT
schools	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Kenna	NNP
R.	NNP
Seal	NNP
,	,
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
,	,
reported	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Glen	NNP
Fork	NNP
Grade	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Wyoming	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
May	NNP
3	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Greenbrier	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
May	NNP
3	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Berkeley	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
May	NNP
12	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
School	NNP
in	IN
Summers	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
May	NNP
4	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Mrs.	NNP
Hamilton	NNP
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Dr.	NNP
Johnson	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
approved	VBD
a	DT
promotional	JJ
brochure	NN
for	IN
distribution	NN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
also	RB
authorized	VBD
the	DT
pursuance	NN
of	IN
additional	JJ
funding	NN
for	IN
the	DT
wellness	JJ
initiative	NN
.	.
RESA	NNP
Committee	NNP
Report	NNP
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
provided	VBD
a	DT
report	NN
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
the	DT
RESA	NNP
Committee	NNP
which	WDT
included	VBD
an	DT
overview	NN
of	IN
a	DT
proposed	VBN
evaluation	NN
process	NN
and	CC
salary	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBN
during	IN
which	WDT
a	DT
timeline	NN
for	IN
completion	NN
of	IN
activities	NNS
was	VBD
requested	VBN
.	.
Director	NNP
and\/or	CC
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Assistant	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
positions	NNS
,	,
the	DT
salary	NN
window	NN
would	MD
be	VB
adjusted	VBN
accordingly	RB
and	CC
RESA	NNP
Regional	NNP
Councils	NNPS
would	MD
recommend	VB
salary	NN
adjustments	NNS
as	IN
deemed	VBN
appropriate	JJ
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
seconded	VBD
the	DT
motion	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
the	DT
call	NN
for	IN
the	DT
question	NN
the	DT
motion	NN
failed	VBD
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
regarding	VBG
a	DT
timeline	NN
for	IN
salary	NN
adjustments	NNS
,	,
and	CC
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
was	VBD
requested	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
additional	JJ
information	NN
at	IN
a	DT
future	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Following	VBG
discussion	NN
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
moved	VBD
that	IN
salary	NN
increases	NNS
for	IN
RESAexecutive	JJ
directors	NNS
be	VB
retroactive	JJ
to	TO
July	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
seconded	VBD
the	DT
motion	NN
with	IN
the	DT
understanding	VBG
the	DT
Board	NNP
could	MD
reject	VB
the	DT
recommendation	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
amended	VBD
his	PRP$
motion	NN
to	TO
include	VB
a	DT
deadline	NN
of	IN
June	NNP
30	CD
,	,
2004	CD
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
receipt	NN
of	IN
recommendations	NNS
for	IN
salary	NN
increases	NNS
.	.
Upon	IN
the	DT
call	NN
for	IN
the	DT
question	NN
the	DT
motion	NN
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
,	,
was	VBD
carried	VBN
with	IN
six	CD
members	NNS
voting	VBG
yes	RB
and	CC
two	CD
members	NNS
,	,
Mrs.	NNP
Cook	NNP
and	CC
Mr.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
voting	VBG
no.	NN
We	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
express	VB
our	PRP$
support	NN
for	IN
and	CC
commend	VB
the	DT
outstanding	JJ
work	NN
of	IN
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
particularly	RB
during	IN
some	DT
trying	VBG
and	CC
exceptionally	RB
difficult	JJ
circumstances	NNS
and	CC
times	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
and	CC
remains	VBZ
in	IN
sync	NN
with	IN
the	DT
goals	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
thank	VBP
him	PRP
publicly	RB
for	IN
his	PRP$
remarkable	JJ
efforts	NNS
and	CC
results	NNS
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
a	DT
perceived	VBN
need	NN
for	IN
standard	JJ
operating	NN
procedures	NNS
and	CC
suggested	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
committee	NN
be	VB
formed	VBN
to	TO
develop	VB
such	JJ
procedures	NNS
or	CC
,	,
conversely	RB
,	,
that	IN
a	DT
Board	NNP
retreat	NN
be	VB
scheduled	VBN
to	TO
include	VB
discussion	NN
of	IN
standard	JJ
operating	NN
procedures	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
appropriate	JJ
topics	NNS
.	.
Other	JJ
topics	NNS
of	IN
discussion	NN
included	VBD
the	DT
election	NN
of	IN
officers	NNS
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Policy	NNP
1241	CD
-	:
Notice	NNP
and	CC
Conduct	NNP
of	IN
Meetings	NNS
,	,
and	CC
responsibilities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
under	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
.	.
Following	VBG
discussion	NN
it	PRP
was	VBD
requested	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
informal	JJ
handbook	NN
,	,
provided	VBN
to	TO
all	DT
members	NNS
upon	IN
their	PRP$
appointment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
a	DT
training	NN
handbook	NN
provided	VBN
by	IN
Howard	NNP
Seufer	NNP
,	,
Esq.	NNP
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
June	NNP
2003	CD
Board	NNP
retreat	NN
,	,
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
select	VB
members	NNS
.	.
County	NNP
and	CC
provided	VBD
a	DT
brief	JJ
overview	NN
of	IN
distance	NN
learning	VBG
opportunities	NNS
,	,
summer	NN
learning	NN
camps	NNS
for	IN
science	NN
education	NN
,	,
and	CC
early	RB
learning	VBG
collaborative	JJ
programs	NNS
offered	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Nicholas	NNP
County	NNP
school	NN
system	NN
.	.
Center	NNP
in	IN
Wood	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
April	NNP
6	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Superintendent	NN
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
to	TO
provide	VB
an	DT
overview	NN
of	IN
the	DT
document	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
role	NN
and	CC
responsibility	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
budgetary	JJ
process	NN
was	VBD
discussed	VBN
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
suggested	VBN
that	IN
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
,	,
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
Department	NNP
staff	NN
,	,
provide	VBP
an	DT
in-depth	JJ
presentation	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
budget	NN
with	IN
appropriate	JJ
documentation	NN
provided	VBD
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
presentation	NN
.	.
Board	NNP
members	NNS
were	VBD
requested	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
feedback	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
2004-2005	CD
strategic	JJ
plan	NN
to	TO
Dr.	NNP
Paine	NNP
no	RB
later	RB
than	IN
May	NNP
24	CD
.	.
Education	NNP
shall	MD
appoint	VB
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
improvement	NN
consultants	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
within	IN
sixty	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
appointment	NN
for	IN
correcting	VBG
the	DT
impairment	NN
.	.
''	''
At	IN
the	DT
March	NNP
,	,
2004	CD
meeting	NN
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
appointed	VBD
an	DT
Improvement	NNP
Consultant	NN
Team	NNP
to	TO
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
for	IN
Atenville	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
requested	VBN
that	IN
an	DT
item	NN
appear	VBP
on	IN
a	DT
future	JJ
agenda	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
and	CC
that	IN
an	DT
appropriate	JJ
press	NN
release	NN
be	VB
issued	VBN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
re-employment	NN
of	IN
Superintendent	NNP
Grizzell	NNP
to	TO
include	VB
background	NN
information	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
takeover	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
school	NN
system	NN
.	.
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
recent	JJ
election	NN
of	IN
board	NN
members	NNS
in	IN
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
role	NN
and	CC
responsibility	NN
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
counties	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
been	VBN
in	IN
control	NN
of	IN
local	JJ
operations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Hine	NNP
Award	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
individuals	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
made	VBN
a	DT
full	JJ
commitment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
well-being	NN
,	,
growth	NN
and	CC
development	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
young	JJ
people	NNS
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Andrews	NNP
was	VBD
selected	VBN
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
strong	JJ
leadership	NN
he	PRP
has	VBZ
provided	VBN
in	IN
improving	VBG
the	DT
lives	NNS
of	IN
children	NNS
,	,
youth	NN
and	CC
adults	NNS
in	IN
state	NN
institutional	JJ
education	NN
facilities	NNS
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
having	VBG
accepted	VBN
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
's	POS
request	NN
that	IN
he	PRP
lead	VBP
the	DT
annual	JJ
appraisal	NN
process	NN
,	,
distributed	VBN
information	NN
and	CC
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
appraisal	NN
process\/procedures	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Blind	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Secretary	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
Upon	IN
recommendation	NN
of	IN
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
motion	NN
by	IN
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
granted	VBD
the	DT
Gilmer	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Gilmer	NNP
County	NNP
,	,
the	DT
accreditation	NN
status	NN
listed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
report	NN
and	CC
gave	VBD
the	DT
school	NN
system	NN
and	CC
schools	NNS
six	CD
months	NNS
to	TO
correct	VB
the	DT
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audit	NNP
findings	NNS
of	IN
noncompliance	NN
listed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
report	NN
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
regarding	VBG
the	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
county	NN
coordination	NN
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
calendar	NN
for	IN
the	DT
three	CD
counties	NNS
involved	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
loss	NN
of	IN
instructional	JJ
days	NNS
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
moved	VBD
,	,
and	CC
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
seconded	VBD
,	,
that	IN
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
issue	NN
a	DT
letter	NN
to	TO
the	DT
affected	JJ
counties	NNS
directing	VBG
closer	JJR
coordination	NN
when	WRB
developing	VBG
the	DT
school	NN
calendar	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
announced	VBD
on-site	JJ
reviews	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
included	VBD
an	DT
evaluation	NN
of	IN
resources	NNS
,	,
were	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Roanoke	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
Lewis	NNP
County	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Lewis	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
March	NNP
11	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
reviews	NNS
which	WDT
were	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
,	,
which	WDT
included	VBD
an	DT
evaluation	NN
of	IN
resources	NNS
,	,
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Rowlesburg	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Preston	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
March	NNP
24	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
State	NNP
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
Reports	NNP
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
thanked	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
Department	NNP
staff	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
caring	NN
and	CC
concern	NN
in	IN
the	DT
death	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
husband	NN
,	,
Charles	NNP
H.	NNP
Haden	NNP
,	,
II	NNP
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Morris	NNP
extended	VBD
his	PRP$
appreciation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
for	IN
their	PRP$
concern	NN
during	IN
this	DT
recent	JJ
illness	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Johnson	NNP
provided	VBD
reports	NNS
regarding	VBG
a	DT
governance	NN
committee	NN
on	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
is	VBZ
serving	VBG
and	CC
a	DT
visit	NN
to	TO
Regional	NNP
Education	NNP
Service	NNP
Agency	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
RESA	NNP
III	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Johnson	NNP
also	RB
issued	VBD
concern	NN
regarding	VBG
certification	NN
issues	NNS
and	CC
requested	VBD
the	DT
certification	NN
policy	NN
be	VB
reviewed	VBN
.	.
Public	NNP
Relations	NNPS
Committee	NNP
Report	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
the	DT
status	NN
of	IN
the	DT
distribution	NN
of	IN
the	DT
goals	NNS
poster	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
consensus	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
that	IN
the	DT
poster	NN
requires	VBZ
no	DT
further	JJ
additions	NNS
or	CC
corrections	NNS
and	CC
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
mass	JJ
mailed	VBN
under	IN
an	DT
appropriate	JJ
letter	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
President	NNP
.	.
Liza	NNP
Cordeiro	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Communications	NNPS
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
's	POS
Office	NNP
,	,
provided	VBD
a	DT
report	NN
regarding	VBG
public	JJ
relations	NNS
initiatives	NNS
and	CC
activities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Communications	NNPS
.	.
Karen	NNP
Larry	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Assistant	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
presented	VBD
ten	CD
waiver	NN
requests	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Johnson	NNP
expressed	VBD
concern	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
Coordinated	NNP
and	CC
Thematic	NNP
Science	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CATS	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
program	NN
and	CC
requested	VBD
student	NN
performance	NN
and	CC
certification	NN
data	NNS
be	VB
provided	VBN
the	DT
Board	NNP
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
May	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
Some	DT
members	NNS
indicated	VBD
that	IN
adequate	JJ
information	NN
had	VBD
already	RB
been	VBN
provided	VBN
to	TO
them	PRP
.	.
Dr.	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
presented	VBD
WVSSAC	NNP
Rules	NNPS
1	CD
,	,
2	CD
and	CC
3	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
The	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
and	CC
most	RBS
private	JJ
schools	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
are	VBP
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
WVSSAC	NNP
.	.
Each	DT
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
principals	NNS
of	IN
member	NN
schools	NNS
submit	VBP
proposed	VBN
revisions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
rules	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
revisions	NNS
are	VBP
presented	VBN
and	CC
voted	VBD
upon	IN
at	IN
the	DT
annual	JJ
Board	NNP
of	IN
Control	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
Any	DT
changes	NNS
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Control	NNP
are	VBP
then	RB
submitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
for	IN
administrative	JJ
and	CC
public	JJ
review	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
presented	VBD
Policy	NNP
4336	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
The	DT
revised	VBN
policy	NN
includes	VBZ
information	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
Student	NNP
Code	NNP
of	IN
Conduct	NNP
,	,
Employee	NNP
Code	NNP
of	IN
Conduct	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
qualifications	NNS
of	IN
professional	JJ
employees	NNS
transporting	VBG
students	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
county	NN
owned	VBN
vehicle	NN
with	IN
a	DT
seating	NN
capacity	NN
of	IN
10	CD
or	CC
less	JJR
.	.
Thirty	CD
comments	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
comment	NN
period	NN
which	WDT
ended	VBD
March	NNP
15	CD
,	,
2004	CD
,	,
fifteen	CD
of	IN
which	WDT
were	VBD
accepted	VBN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
presented	VBD
Policy	NNP
5112	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Policy	NNP
5112	CD
provides	VBZ
guidelines	NNS
which	WDT
require	VBP
the	DT
employment	NN
of	IN
athletic	JJ
trainers	NNS
for	IN
football	NN
games	NNS
and	CC
practices	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
high	JJ
schools	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Last	JJ
year	NN
,	,
approximately	RB
one-half	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
high	JJ
schools	NNS
requested	VBD
a	DT
waiver	NN
of	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
because	IN
a	DT
fully	RB
certified	VBN
athletic	JJ
trainer	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
available	JJ
.	.
A	DT
committee	NN
,	,
composed	VBN
of	IN
athletic	JJ
trainers	NNS
,	,
an	DT
athletic	JJ
director	NN
,	,
a	DT
coach	NN
,	,
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Secondary	JJ
School	NNP
Activities	NNPS
Commission	NNP
representative	NN
,	,
a	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
member	NN
and	CC
appropriate	JJ
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
staff	NN
,	,
reviewed	VBN
the	DT
policy	NN
and	CC
recommended	VBD
that	IN
Policy	NNP
5112	CD
be	VB
amended	VBN
.	.
Thomas	NNP
E.	NNP
Johnston	NNP
,	,
United	NNP
States	NNPS
Attorney	NNP
,	,
Northern	NNP
District	NNP
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
distributed	VBN
information	NN
and	CC
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
school	NN
related	VBN
initiatives	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
Attorney	NNP
's	POS
Office	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Northern	NNP
District	NNP
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Attorney	NNP
Johnston	NNP
indicated	VBD
he	PRP
would	MD
provide	VB
additional	JJ
information	NN
regarding	VBG
a	DT
school	NN
violence	NN
video	NN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
April	NNP
meeting	NN
,	,
for	IN
an	DT
informational	JJ
review	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Johnston	NNP
stated	VBD
that	IN
he	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
attend	VB
the	DT
April	NNP
meeting	NN
in	IN
Marshall	NNP
County	NNP
to	TO
answer	VB
any	DT
additional	JJ
questions	NNS
.	.
Vice-President	NNP
Fish	NN
recessed	VBD
the	DT
meeting	NN
at	IN
3:37	CD
p.m.	NN
and	CC
announced	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
would	MD
reconvene	VB
at	IN
the	DT
Charleston	NNP
Marriott	NNP
at	IN
4:30	CD
p.m.	NN
for	IN
a	DT
discussion	NN
with	IN
current	JJ
and	CC
past	JJ
recipients	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Milken	NNP
educator	NN
award	NN
.	.
Superintendent	NN
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
report	NN
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Legislative	NNP
Committee	NNP
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Paine	NNP
provided	VBD
information	NN
regarding	VBG
selected	VBN
bills	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
also	RB
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
legislative	JJ
action	NN
.	.
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
Committee	NNP
Report	NNP
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
provided	VBD
a	DT
report	NN
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
Committee	NNP
and	CC
reported	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
has	VBZ
approved	VBN
Phase	NN
I	PRP
of	IN
the	DT
professional	JJ
development	NN
plan	NN
.	.
Gail	NNP
Looney	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Center	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
also	RB
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
professional	JJ
development	NN
.	.
Plan	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CEFP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
include	VB
the	DT
following	VBG
at	IN
Junior	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
addition	NN
of	IN
a	DT
classroom	NN
for	IN
a	DT
computer	NN
laboratory	NN
,	,
2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
addition	NN
of	IN
fencing	NN
for	IN
the	DT
playground	NN
used	VBN
by	IN
pre-school	JJ
students	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
new	JJ
Child	NNP
Care	NNP
Center	NNP
Licensing	NNP
Regulations	NNPS
,	,
and	CC
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
installation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
mechanically	RB
controlled	VBN
entry	NN
system	NN
to	TO
enhance	VB
safety	NN
and	CC
security	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
was	VBD
based	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
survey	NN
of	IN
county	NN
superintendents	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
review	NN
of	IN
selected	VBN
contracts	NNS
between	IN
soft	JJ
drink	NN
distributors	NNS
and	CC
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
revealed	VBD
that	IN
31	CD
counties	NNS
have	VBP
approved	VBN
soft	JJ
drink	NN
sales	NNS
during	IN
the	DT
instructional	JJ
day	NN
,	,
while	IN
limited	JJ
oversight	NN
of	IN
procurement	NN
procedures	NNS
and	CC
compliance	NN
monitoring	NN
exist	VBP
.	.
As	IN
requested	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
,	,
the	DT
report	NN
also	RB
addressed	VBD
marketing	NN
practices	NNS
and	CC
incentives	NNS
expressed	VBN
in	IN
existing	VBG
contacts	NNS
and	CC
agreements	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
effect	NN
such	JJ
practices	NNS
may	MD
have	VB
on	IN
students	NNS
'	POS
consumption	NN
of	IN
soft	JJ
drinks	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
beverages	NNS
.	.
House	NNP
Education	NNP
Committee	NNP
,	,
and	CC
several	JJ
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
House	NNP
Education	NNP
Committee	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
H.B.	NNP
4001	CD
and	CC
requested	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
position	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
same	JJ
prior	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Legislative	NNP
session	NN
.	.
An	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Barboursville	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Cabell	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
December	NNP
4	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
,	,
process	NN
,	,
and	CC
progress	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
An	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
East	NNP
Lynn	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Wayne	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
December	NNP
5	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
,	,
process	NN
,	,
and	CC
progress	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
An	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Brookview	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Boone	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
January	NNP
13	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
,	,
process	NN
,	,
and	CC
progress	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Man	NNP
Central	NNP
K-8	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Logan	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
January	NNP
14	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
,	,
process	NN
,	,
and	CC
progress	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
county	NN
boards	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
any	DT
school	NN
performing	VBG
below	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
revise	VB
its	PRP$
Unified	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plan	NNP
to	TO
increase	VB
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
a	DT
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
level	NN
.	.
The	DT
revised	VBN
plan	NN
must	MD
include	VB
objectives	NNS
,	,
a	DT
time	NN
line	NN
,	,
an	DT
evaluation	NN
component	NN
,	,
cost	NN
estimates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
date	NN
certain	JJ
for	IN
achieving	VBG
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
.	.
The	DT
attachment	NN
summarizes	VBZ
the	DT
elements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
revised	VBN
Unified	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
for	IN
34	CD
plans	NNS
.	.
Wellness	NNP
Committee	NNP
Report	NNP
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Hamilton	NNP
provided	VBD
a	DT
report	NN
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Wellness	NNP
Committee	NNP
and	CC
indicated	VBD
she	PRP
would	MD
provide	VB
members	NNS
a	DT
written	VBN
report	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
review	NN
and	CC
requested	VBD
that	IN
input	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
report	NN
be	VB
directed	VBN
to	TO
her	PRP$
attention	NN
.	.
Following	VBG
discussion	NN
Dr.	NNP
Johnson	NNP
amended	VBD
,	,
and	CC
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
accepted	VBD
an	DT
amendment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
motion	NN
whereby	WRB
Board	NNP
members	NNS
are	VBP
in	IN
no	DT
way	NN
prevented	VBN
from	IN
providing	VBG
input	NN
and	CC
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
hiring	NN
of	IN
Department	NNP
personnel	NNS
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
asked	VBD
if	IN
there	EX
were	VBD
any	DT
motions	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Session	NN
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
moved	VBD
,	,
and	CC
Mrs.	NNP
Hamilton	NNP
seconded	VBD
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
accept	VB
,	,
with	IN
regret	NN
,	,
the	DT
tendered	JJ
resignation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
.	.
The	DT
motion	NN
was	VBD
carried	VBN
unanimously	RB
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Mr.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Mrs.	NNP
Cook	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
approved	VBD
the	DT
agenda	NN
with	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
modification	NN
:	:
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
requested	VBD
that	IN
item	NN
6	CD
.	.
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
Committee	NNP
Report	NNP
,	,
located	VBN
under	IN
Reports	NNS
,	,
be	VB
the	DT
first	JJ
order	NN
of	IN
business	NN
under	IN
Reports	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
remaining	VBG
reports	NNS
be	VB
renumbered	VBN
.	.
An	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Dixie	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Nicholas	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
December	NNP
2	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
,	,
process	NN
,	,
and	CC
progress	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
An	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Eastern	NNP
Greenbrier	NNP
Junior	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Greenbrier	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
November	NNP
18	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
,	,
process	NN
and	CC
progress	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
a	DT
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
stated	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
report	NN
would	MD
be	VB
brought	VBN
before	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
next	JJ
month	NN
regarding	VBG
graduation	NN
requirements	NNS
and	CC
indicated	VBD
that	IN
members	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
,	,
via	IN
e-mail	NN
,	,
a	DT
link	NN
to	TO
the	DT
legislative	JJ
events	NNS
webpage	NN
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
provided	VBD
updates	NNS
regarding	VBG
her	PRP$
work	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Medication	NNP
Administration	NNP
Policy	NNP
committee	NN
and	CC
stated	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
will	MD
be	VB
presented	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
for	IN
action	NN
in	IN
February	NNP
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
also	RB
provided	VBD
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
protocol	NN
being	VBG
developed	VBN
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Council	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Accreditation	NNP
of	IN
Teacher	NN
Education	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
indicated	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
protocol	NN
will	MD
be	VB
presented	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
in	IN
February	NNP
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
and	CC
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
also	RB
provided	VBD
updates	NNS
regarding	VBG
their	PRP$
participation	NN
on	IN
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
State	NNP
Boards	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
committees	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
he	PRP
met	VBD
with	IN
representatives	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Speech-Language-Pathology	NNP
community	NN
and	CC
requested	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
direction	NN
regarding	VBG
policy	NN
review	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
was	VBD
directed	VBN
to	TO
continue	VB
his	PRP$
work	NN
and	CC
to	TO
provide	VB
periodic	JJ
updates	NNS
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Morris	NNP
distributed	VBN
and	CC
briefly	RB
discussed	VBD
a	DT
draft	NN
strategic	JJ
plan	NN
and	CC
introduced	VBN
Dr.	NNP
Paine	NNP
and	CC
Melanie	NNP
Purkey	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Student	NNP
Services	NNPS
and	CC
Health	NNP
Promotion	NNP
,	,
Division	NNP
of	IN
Instructional	NNP
and	CC
Student	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
who	WP
facilitated	VBD
the	DT
remainder	NN
of	IN
the	DT
session	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
reviewed	VBD
the	DT
five	CD
goals	NNS
as	IN
presented	VBN
and	CC
amended	VBN
goal	NN
four	CD
to	TO
add	VB
the	DT
words	NNS
``	``
and	CC
effectively	RB
.	.
''	''
Amelia	NNP
Courts	NNPS
,	,
Coordinator	NNP
,	,
Division	NNP
of	IN
Instructional	NNP
and	CC
Student	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
provided	VBD
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
international	JJ
exchange	NN
student	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Courts	NNPS
outlined	VBD
challenges	NNS
encountered	VBN
by	IN
school	NN
systems	NNS
,	,
summarized	VBN
resources	NNS
and	CC
best	JJS
practices	NNS
for	IN
meeting	NN
those	DT
challenges	NNS
,	,
and	CC
made	VBD
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
support	VB
schools	NNS
in	IN
this	DT
process	NN
.	.
In	IN
keeping	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
intent	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
policies	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
safe	JJ
and	CC
orderly	JJ
environment	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
conducive	JJ
to	TO
learning	VBG
for	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
,	,
an	DT
investigation	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
into	IN
current	JJ
practices	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
for	IN
how	WRB
international	JJ
exchange	NN
students	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
served	VBN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
schools	NNS
.	.
Announced	JJ
on-site	JJ
reviews	NNS
were	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Watson	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
Mannington	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Summers	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
October	NNP
28	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
reviews	NNS
which	WDT
were	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
reviews	NNS
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Announced	JJ
on-site	JJ
reviews	NNS
were	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Brookhaven	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
Westwood	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Monongalia	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
October	NNP
29	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
reviews	NNS
which	WDT
were	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
reviews	NNS
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
An	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Beckley-Stratton	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Raleigh	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
November	NNP
13	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
An	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Princeton	NNP
Senior	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Mercer	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
November	NNP
14	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
RESA	NNP
Committee	NNP
Report	NNP
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
provided	VBD
a	DT
report	NN
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
the	DT
RESA	NNP
Committee	NNP
and	CC
reminded	VBD
the	DT
assembly	NN
that	IN
the	DT
RESA	NNP
policy	NN
is	VBZ
currently	RB
on	IN
comment	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
expected	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
presented	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
for	IN
action	NN
at	IN
the	DT
January	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Mrs.	NNP
Cook	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
approved	VBD
the	DT
recommended	VBN
number	NN
of	IN
19	CD
committee	NN
members	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
the	DT
names	NNS
as	IN
recommended	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
the	DT
reappointment	NN
of	IN
Mrs.	NNP
Hamilton	NNP
,	,
Mr.	NNP
Morris	NNP
and	CC
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
as	IN
found	VBN
in	IN
Attachment	NNP
W.	NNP
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Mrs.	NNP
Cook	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
approved	VBD
the	DT
agenda	NN
with	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
modification	NN
:	:
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
requested	VBD
item	NN
6	CD
be	VB
removed	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
Consent	NNP
Agenda	NNP
and	CC
placed	VBN
to	TO
immediately	RB
follow	VB
the	DT
Consent	NNP
Agenda	NNP
for	IN
further	JJ
discussion	NN
.	.
Announced	JJ
on-site	JJ
reviews	NNS
were	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Franklin	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
North	NNP
Fork	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Pendleton	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
October	NNP
15	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
reviews	NNS
which	WDT
were	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
reviews	NNS
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
An	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Green	NNP
Bank	NNP
Elementary\/Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Pocahontas	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
October	NNP
16	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
commented	VBD
that	IN
he	PRP
would	MD
address	VB
recommendations	NNS
one	CD
and	CC
three	CD
and	CC
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
,	,
upon	IN
agreement	NN
of	IN
all	DT
Board	NNP
members	NNS
,	,
indicated	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
would	MD
develop	VB
a	DT
memorandum	NN
in	IN
response	NN
to	TO
recommendation	NN
number	NN
two	CD
.	.
An	DT
amendment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Barbour	NNP
County	NNP
Comprehensive	NNP
Educational	NNP
Facilities	NNP
Plan	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CEFP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
include	VB
the	DT
following	VBG
renovations	NNS
at	IN
Junior	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
:	:
replacement	NN
of	IN
ceiling	NN
tiles	NNS
,	,
lighting	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
changing	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
electronic	JJ
ballast	NN
system	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
substandard	JJ
windows	NNS
and	CC
doors	NNS
.	.
An	DT
amendment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Mason	NNP
County	NNP
CEFPd	NNP
to	TO
include	VB
the	DT
consolidation	NN
of	IN
Point	NNP
Pleasant	NNP
Middle	NNP
and	CC
Point	NNP
Pleasant	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
into	IN
one	CD
7-12	CD
facility	NN
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
middle	JJ
school	NN
being	VBG
closed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
existing	VBG
Point	NNP
Pleasant	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
will	MD
require	VB
renovations	NNS
to	TO
accommodate	VB
grades	NNS
7-9	CD
and	CC
additions	NNS
to	TO
accommodate	VB
the	DT
grades10-12	NN
.	.
The	DT
existing	VBG
gymnasium	NN
will	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
auxiliary	JJ
gym	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
new	JJ
larger	JJR
gymnasium	NN
with	IN
lockers	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
constructed	VBN
for	IN
all	DT
grade	NN
levels	NNS
.	.
New	NNP
additions	NNS
will	MD
also	RB
include	VB
administration	NN
,	,
classrooms	NNS
for	IN
10-12	JJ
grades	NNS
,	,
library	NN
,	,
art	NN
,	,
band	NN
,	,
cafeteria	NN
and	CC
kitchen	NN
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
the	DT
Central	NNP
School\/Central	NNP
Office	NNP
Headstart	NNP
restrooms	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
renovated	VBN
and	CC
restored	VBN
.	.
An	DT
amendment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Mercer	NNP
County	NNP
CEFP	NNP
to	TO
include	VB
the	DT
addition	NN
of	IN
an	DT
instructional\/performing	VBG
arts	NNS
center	NN
to	TO
Princeton	NNP
Senior	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
Presently	RB
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
auditorium	NN
and	CC
the	DT
classrooms	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
being	VBG
utilized	VBN
for	IN
band	NN
and	CC
choral	JJ
instruction	NN
are	VBP
inadequate	JJ
.	.
An	DT
amendment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Wetzel	NNP
County	NNP
CEFP	NNP
to	TO
include	VB
the	DT
construction	NN
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
cafeteria	NN
,	,
the	DT
reconfiguration	NN
of	IN
the	DT
existing	VBG
kitchen	NN
area	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
reconfiguration	NN
of	IN
the	DT
existing	VBG
office	NN
suite	NN
area	NN
and	CC
instructional	JJ
areas	NNS
near	IN
the	DT
main	JJ
entrance	NN
of	IN
Short	NNP
Line	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
distributed	VBD
a	DT
corrected	VBN
copy	NN
and	CC
presented	VBD
the	DT
``	``
School	NNP
District	NNP
Approval	NNP
Status	NNP
and	CC
School	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
Status	NNP
October	NNP
2003	CD
Report	NNP
of	IN
Ratings	NNS
''	''
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
annually	RB
rates	NNS
both	DT
schools	NNS
and	CC
school	NN
systems	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
information	NN
reviewed	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
system	NN
of	IN
education	NN
performance	NN
audits	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
questioned	VBD
whether	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
Senate	NNP
Bill	NNP
227	CD
,	,
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-7a	NNP
are	VBP
being	VBG
followed	VBN
and	CC
requested	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
develop	VB
criteria	NNS
that	WDT
counties	NNS
must	MD
meet	VB
that	IN
defines	VBZ
what	WP
is	VBZ
considered	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
interests	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
further	JJ
requested	VBD
a	DT
quarterly	JJ
summary	NN
be	VB
provided	VBN
all	DT
members	NNS
.	.
Notification	NN
of	IN
transfers	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
from	IN
Hampshire	NNP
,	,
Hancock	NNP
and	CC
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
.	.
As	IN
the	DT
constitutional	JJ
body	NN
charged	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
supervision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Article	NNP
XII	NNP
,	,
2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
hereby	JJ
declares	VBZ
that	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
and	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
intend	VB
to	TO
become	VB
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
the	DT
law	NN
suit	NN
being	VBG
urged	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Education	NNP
Association	NNP
against	IN
the	DT
federal	JJ
government	NN
regarding	VBG
funding	NN
issues	NNS
for	IN
No	DT
Child	NN
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	IN
any	DT
such	JJ
law	NN
suit	NN
by	IN
other	JJ
agencies	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
state	NN
government	NN
is	VBZ
ill-advised	JJ
and	CC
not	RB
in	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
interests	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Legislature	NNP
's	POS
constitutional	JJ
duty	NN
to	TO
deliver	VB
a	DT
thorough	JJ
and	CC
efficient	JJ
education	NN
to	TO
the	DT
children	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
approved	VBD
the	DT
agenda	NN
with	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
modification	NN
:	:
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
moved	VBD
the	DT
Election	NNP
of	IN
Officers	NNPS
to	TO
follow	VB
the	DT
Internet	NNP
Safety	NNP
presentation	NN
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
nominated	VBD
Mrs.	NNP
Hamilton	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
office	NN
of	IN
Secretary	NNP
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Cook	NNP
moved	VBD
and	CC
Mr.	NNP
Morris	NNP
seconded	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
nominations	NNS
be	VB
closed	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
,	,
by	IN
acclamation	NN
,	,
elected	VBD
Mrs.	NNP
Hamilton	NNP
as	IN
Secretary	NNP
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
provided	VBD
information	NN
regarding	VBG
a	DT
meeting	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Governor	NNP
that	WDT
occurred	VBD
earlier	RBR
this	DT
afternoon	NN
regarding	VBG
Hurricane	NNP
Isabel	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Governor	NNP
declared	VBD
a	DT
state	NN
of	IN
emergency	NN
to	TO
exist	VB
beginning	VBG
at	IN
6	CD
a.m.	NN
on	IN
Thursday	NNP
,	,
September	NNP
18	CD
,	,
2003	CD
for	IN
the	DT
entire	JJ
state	NN
.	.
County	NNP
schools	NNS
located	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
eastern	JJ
panhandle	NN
will	MD
be	VB
instructed	VBN
to	TO
close	VB
on	IN
Friday	NNP
;	:
this	DT
closure	NN
will	MD
be	VB
not	RB
be	VB
counted	VBN
as	IN
lost	VBN
instructional	JJ
time	NN
.	.
An	DT
amendment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Nicholas	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Comprehensive	NNP
Educational	NNP
Facilities	NNP
Plan	NNP
to	TO
provide	VB
heating\/ventilating\/air	JJ
conditioning	NN
upgrades	NNS
for	IN
Summersville	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
The	DT
anticipated	JJ
completion	NN
time	NN
would	MD
be	VB
2005	CD
and	CC
the	DT
anticipated	JJ
funding	NN
source	NN
of	IN
this	DT
upgrade	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
SBA	NNP
Needs	NNS
Project	NN
.	.
Jack	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
,	,
Assistant	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
Division	NNP
of	IN
Administrative	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
presented	VBD
the	DT
annual	JJ
reports	NNS
of	IN
18	CD
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
and	CC
recommended	VBD
all	DT
institutions	NNS
be	VB
granted	VBN
``	``
Continuing	NNP
Program	NNP
Approval	NNP
Status	NNP
.	.
''	''
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
requires	VBZ
all	DT
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
with	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
approved	VBD
educational	JJ
personnel	NNS
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
to	TO
report	VB
annually	RB
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
on	IN
their	PRP$
progress	NN
to	TO
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
meet	VBP
any	DT
program	NN
component	NN
standards	NNS
not	RB
fully	RB
met	VBN
as	IN
identified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Program	NNP
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
and\/or	CC
on-site	JJ
review	NN
teams	NNS
,	,
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
implement	VB
new	JJ
legislation	NN
or	CC
State	NNP
Board	NNP
initiatives	VBZ
or	CC
policies	NNS
that	WDT
impact	VBP
their	PRP$
programs	NNS
,	,
3	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
address	NN
new	JJ
program	NN
criteria	NNS
,	,
and	CC
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
maintain	VBP
current	JJ
program	NN
descriptions	NNS
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
and	CC
Howard	NNP
O'Cull	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
School	NNP
Boards	NNPS
Association	NNP
,	,
provided	VBD
a	DT
presentation	NN
regarding	VBG
a	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
evaluation	NN
policy	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
under	IN
development	NN
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
Steve	NNP
McBride	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
School	NNP
Improvement\/Instructional	NNP
Materials	NNPS
,	,
provided	VBD
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
the	DT
school	NN
district\/school	NN
improvement	NN
strategy	NN
to	TO
address	VB
schools	NNS
not	RB
meeting	VBG
Adequate	NNP
Yearly	JJ
Progress	NNP
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Hamilton	NNP
issued	VBD
requests	NNS
for	IN
data	NNS
regarding	VBG
African-American	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
indicated	VBD
that	IN
she	PRP
would	MD
work	VB
directly	RB
with	IN
Mr.	NNP
McBride	NNP
and	CC
Ms.	NNP
Walker	NNP
in	IN
obtaining	VBG
the	DT
information	NN
for	IN
distribution	NN
to	TO
all	DT
members	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
presented	VBD
the	DT
Training	NNP
Manual	NNP
and	CC
Handbook	NNP
for	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
The	DT
manual\/handbook	NN
was	VBD
developed	VBN
for	IN
schools	NNS
and	CC
county	NN
school	NN
systems	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
resource	NN
in	IN
preparing	VBG
for	IN
accreditation	NN
reviews	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
also	RB
designed	VBN
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
guide	NN
for	IN
Team	NNP
Leaders	NNPS
and	CC
Team	NNP
Members	NNP
as	IN
they	PRP
conduct	VBP
on-site	JJ
reviews	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
programs	NNS
in	IN
schools	NNS
and	CC
county	NN
school	NN
systems	NNS
and	CC
assess	VB
compliance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
measures	NNS
and	CC
high	JJ
quality	NN
standards	NNS
adopted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
,	,
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18-2-23a	JJ
,	,
which	WDT
requires	VBZ
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
establish	VB
goals	NNS
for	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
,	,
presented	VBN
recommendations	NNS
for	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
an	DT
analysis	NN
of	IN
annual	JJ
performance	NN
data	NNS
and	CC
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
.	.
Dr.	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
presented	VBD
,	,
and	CC
Rick	NNP
Goff	NNP
,	,
Assistant	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Child	NNP
Nutrition	NNP
,	,
answered	VBN
questions	NNS
regarding	VBG
a	DT
resolution	NN
for	IN
the	DT
elimination	NN
of	IN
reduced	JJ
price	NN
school	NN
meal	NN
fees	NNS
for	IN
families	NNS
whose	WP$
income	NN
falls	VBZ
below	IN
185	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
official	JJ
poverty	NN
line	NN
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Congress	NNP
is	VBZ
currently	RB
considering	VBG
amendments	NNS
to	TO
federal	JJ
child	NN
nutrition	NN
program	NN
statutes	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
's	POS
five-year	JJ
reauthorization	NN
process	NN
.	.
This	DT
resolution	NN
urges	VBZ
support	NN
for	IN
the	DT
elimination	NN
of	IN
reduced-priced	JJ
meal	NN
fees	NNS
,	,
thereby	RB
providing	VBG
free	JJ
school	NN
meals	NNS
to	TO
children	NNS
whose	WP$
family	NN
income	NN
falls	VBZ
below	IN
185	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
official	JJ
poverty	NN
line	NN
and	CC
allowing	VBG
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
claim	VB
such	JJ
meals	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
free	JJ
reimbursement	NN
rate	NN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
provided	VBD
a	DT
report	NN
regarding	VBG
her	PRP$
attendance	NN
at	IN
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
Reading	VBG
Academy	NNP
,	,
summer	NN
History	NN
Academy	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Project	NNP
Teach	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Education	NNP
Leadership	NNP
Conference	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
provided	VBD
information	NN
regarding	VBG
her	PRP$
efforts	NNS
as	IN
coordinator	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
delegation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Congressional	JJ
Conference	NN
on	IN
Civic	NNP
Education	NNP
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Hamilton	NNP
provided	VBD
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
meeting	NN
plans	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
visit	NN
to	TO
Jefferson	NNP
County	NNP
in	IN
October	NNP
and	CC
asked	VBD
that	IN
members	NNS
inform	VBP
her	PRP$
if	IN
they	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
interested	JJ
in	IN
visiting	VBG
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Blind	NNP
the	DT
day	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Brenda	NNP
Williams	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Instructional	NNP
Technology	NNP
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
's	POS
Office	NNP
,	,
provided	VBD
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
the	DT
current	JJ
status	NN
of	IN
state	NN
contract	NN
awards	NNS
and\/or	CC
renewals	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
affect	VB
E-rate	JJ
discounts	NNS
and	CC
Internet	NNP
access	NN
costs	NNS
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Cordeiro	NNP
provided	VBD
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
the	DT
annual	JJ
report	NN
and	CC
requested	VBD
direction	NN
regarding	VBG
printing	NN
and	CC
dissemination	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
decided	VBN
that	IN
a	DT
report	NN
for	IN
2003	CD
be	VB
completed	VBN
and	CC
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
's	POS
website	NN
with	IN
3,000	CD
copies	NNS
produced	VBN
for	IN
dissemination	NN
no	RB
later	RB
than	IN
October	NNP
15	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
moved	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
delegate	NN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
the	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
name	VB
an	DT
individual	JJ
to	TO
manage	VB
RESA	NNP
II	NNP
while	IN
an	DT
investigation	NN
is	VBZ
completed	VBN
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
seconded	VBD
the	DT
motion	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
carried	VBN
unanimously	RB
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
moved	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
,	,
once	RB
the	DT
investigation	NN
is	VBZ
complete	JJ
,	,
meet	VB
in	IN
regular	JJ
or	CC
emergency	NN
session	NN
to	TO
act	VB
upon	IN
said	VBD
findings	NNS
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Morris	NNP
seconded	VBD
the	DT
motion	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
carried	VBN
unanimously	RB
.	.
Specific	JJ
discussion	NN
regarding	VBG
Policy	NN
5050	CD
included	VBD
how	WRB
it	PRP
conforms	VBZ
with	IN
statute	NN
,	,
a	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
the	DT
addition	NN
of	IN
lay	VBD
persons	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
commission	NN
,	,
how	WRB
delaying	VBG
appointments	NNS
to	TO
vacant	JJ
positions	NNS
would	MD
affect	VB
the	DT
work	NN
of	IN
the	DT
commission	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
manner	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
vacancies	NNS
are	VBP
filled	VBN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
moved	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
monies	NNS
listed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
budget	NN
digest	VB
be	VB
released	VBN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
moved	VBD
to	TO
amend	VB
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
's	POS
motion	NN
to	TO
hold	VB
the	DT
monies	NNS
until	IN
August	NNP
1	CD
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
refused	VBD
to	TO
accept	VB
the	DT
amendment	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Jackson	NNP
moved	VBD
that	IN
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
's	POS
motion	NN
be	VB
delayed	VBN
until	IN
later	JJ
today	NN
or	CC
be	VB
held	VBN
over	IN
until	IN
tomorrow	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
supported	VBD
the	DT
motion	NN
to	TO
delay	VB
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Hamilton	NNP
seconded	VBD
Mr.	NNP
Jackson	NNP
's	POS
motion	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
carried	VBN
unanimously	RB
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
was	VBD
asked	VBN
to	TO
clarify	VB
whether	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
and	CC
is	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
President	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
have	VBP
the	DT
right	NN
and	CC
authority	NN
to	TO
direct	VB
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
to	TO
hold	VB
the	DT
release	NN
of	IN
budget	NN
digest	VBP
monies	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
answered	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
affirmative	JJ
.	.
Furthermore	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
noted	VBN
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
understanding	NN
that	IN
Drs.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
and	CC
Seal	NNP
have	VBP
projected	VBN
for	IN
their	PRP$
budgets	NNS
what	WP
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
to	TO
operate	VB
effectively	RB
and	CC
efficiently	RB
in	IN
the	DT
coming	JJ
year	NN
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
regarding	VBG
a	DT
thirty	CD
or	CC
sixty	CD
day	NN
comment	NN
period	NN
in	IN
light	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
must	MD
be	VB
in	IN
effect	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Morris	NNP
and	CC
Ms.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
agreed	VBD
to	TO
amend	VB
the	DT
motion	NN
to	TO
place	VB
the	DT
policy	NN
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
for	IN
thirty	CD
days	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
amended	VBN
motion	NN
was	VBD
carried	VBN
unanimously	RB
.	.
Dr.	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
presented	VBD
the	DT
Step	NN
7	CD
plans	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
55	CD
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
County	NNP
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
submit	VB
a	DT
plan	NN
for	IN
the	DT
improvement	NN
of	IN
instructional	JJ
programs	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
for	IN
approval	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
expending	VBG
the	DT
funds	NNS
appropriated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
under	IN
Step	NN
7	CD
of	IN
the	DT
Public	NNP
School	NNP
Support	NN
Program	NN
.	.
All	DT
Step	NN
7	CD
Plans	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
2003-04	CD
year	NN
were	VBD
reviewed	VBN
by	IN
Department	NNP
staff	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
being	VBG
recommended	VBN
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
Currently	RB
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
have	VB
an	DT
approved	VBN
program	NN
leading	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
Hard	NNP
of	IN
Hearing	NNP
certification	NN
.	.
Historically	NNP
,	,
Western	NNP
Maryland	NNP
University	NNP
and	CC
Galludet	NNP
University	NNP
have	VBP
offered	VBN
programs	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
to	TO
assist	VB
in	IN
meeting	NN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
need	NN
for	IN
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
Hard	NNP
of	IN
Hearing	NNP
teachers	NNS
.	.
Both	DT
institutions	NNS
no	RB
longer	RB
provide	VB
this	DT
service	NN
to	TO
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Mrs.	NNP
Hamilton	NNP
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
approved	VBD
the	DT
experimental	JJ
program	NN
submitted	VBN
by	IN
Marshall	NNP
University	NNP
for	IN
teacher	NN
certification	NN
in	IN
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
Hard	NNP
of	IN
Hearing	NNP
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Mr.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
approved	VBD
the	DT
repeal	NN
of	IN
Policy	NNP
2520	CD
effective	JJ
midnight	NN
June	NNP
30	CD
,	,
2003	CD
and	CC
with	IN
the	DT
understanding	NN
and	CC
directive	NN
that	WDT
nothing	NN
in	IN
the	DT
repeal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
interpreted	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
school	NN
system	NN
as	IN
not	RB
having	VBG
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
its	PRP$
repeal	NN
.	.
Steve	NNP
McBride	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
School	NNP
Improvement\/Instructional	NNP
Materials	NNPS
,	,
provided	VBD
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
school	NN
improvement	NN
initiatives	NNS
.	.
RESA	NNP
directors	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
involved	VBN
and	CC
are	VBP
in	IN
full	JJ
agreement	NN
with	IN
the	DT
plan	NN
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
requested	VBD
that	IN
identified	VBN
schools	NNS
be	VB
shared	VBN
with	IN
members	NNS
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
the	DT
list	NN
is	VBZ
verified	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
suggested	VBN
the	DT
September	NNP
State	NNP
Board	NNP
meeting	NN
be	VB
changed	VBN
to	TO
allow	VB
members	NNS
to	TO
attend	VB
the	DT
school	NN
improvement	NN
session	NN
scheduled	VBN
for	IN
September	NNP
10	CD
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Cain	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
breakfast	NN
meeting	NN
could	MD
be	VB
arranged	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
with	IN
the	DT
keynoters	NNS
and	CC
others	NNS
if	IN
so	RB
desired	VBN
.	.
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
-	:
Approval	NN
of	IN
Educational	NNP
Personnel	NNP
Preparation	NNP
Programs	NNP
requires	VBZ
all	DT
professional	JJ
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
to	TO
provide	VB
data	NNS
about	IN
their	PRP$
programs	NNS
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
Title	NNP
II	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Higher	JJR
Education	NNP
Act	NNP
requires	VBZ
all	DT
states	NNS
to	TO
collect	VB
,	,
compile	VB
and	CC
report	VB
data	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
about	IN
the	DT
quality	NN
of	IN
teacher	NN
education	NN
graduates	VBZ
from	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
preparation	NN
institutions	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Haden	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
policy	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
developed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
Senate	NNP
Bill	NNP
522	CD
that	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Department	NNP
's	POS
Office	NNP
of	IN
Legal	NNP
Services	NNP
for	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
a	DT
future	JJ
State	NNP
Board	NNP
agenda	NN
.	.
She	PRP
requested	VBD
and	CC
Dr.	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
provide	VBP
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
the	DT
status	NN
of	IN
the	DT
transportation	NN
policy	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
work	NN
is	VBZ
progressing	VBG
and	CC
that	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
ready	JJ
for	IN
placement	NN
on	IN
the	DT
August	NNP
agenda	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
distributed	VBN
and	CC
discussed	VBN
a	DT
policymaking	VBG
handout	NN
and	CC
NCLB	NNP
Action	NNP
Alert	NNP
from	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
School	NNP
Boards	NNPS
Association	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
review	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
also	RB
indicated	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
op	NN
ed	VBD
piece	NN
currently	RB
under	IN
construction	NN
may	MD
soon	RB
be	VB
ready	JJ
for	IN
release	NN
and	CC
that	IN
due	JJ
to	TO
costs	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
he	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
see	VB
any	DT
need	NN
for	IN
an	DT
annual	JJ
report	NN
this	DT
year	NN
.	.
Following	VBG
a	DT
brief	JJ
discussion	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
annual	JJ
report	NN
,	,
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
asked	VBD
the	DT
communication	NN
committee	NN
to	TO
investigate	VB
the	DT
matter	NN
and	CC
provide	VB
a	DT
report	NN
at	IN
the	DT
August	NNP
State	NNP
Board	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Delores	NNP
W.	NNP
Cook	NNP
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
approved	VBD
the	DT
agenda	NN
with	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
modification	NN
:	:
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
withdrew	VBD
item	NN
B.	NNP
2	CD
.	.
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
Closure\/Consolidation	NNP
from	IN
the	DT
Consent	NNP
Agenda	NNP
and	CC
placed	VBD
it	PRP
to	TO
immediately	RB
follow	VB
the	DT
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
regarding	VBG
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
role	NN
in	IN
closures	NNS
and	CC
consolidations	NNS
when	WRB
a	DT
county	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
taken	VBN
over	RP
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
referencing	VBG
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18-5-13	CD
,	,
18-5-13	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
18-2E-5	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
questioned	VBD
Dr.	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
as	IN
to	TO
whether	IN
all	DT
applicable	JJ
laws	NNS
and	CC
policies	NNS
had	VBD
been	VBN
adhered	VBN
to	TO
in	IN
all	DT
decisions	NNS
pertaining	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
closures	NNS
and	CC
consolidations	NNS
and	CC
that	IN
any	DT
action	NN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
could	MD
not	RB
be	VB
construed	VBN
as	IN
arbitrary	JJ
or	CC
capricious	JJ
.	.
Dr.	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
and	CC
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
affirmed	VBD
that	IN
all	DT
laws	NNS
and	CC
policies	NNS
had	VBD
been	VBN
strictly	RB
followed	VBN
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
closures	NNS
and	CC
consolidations	NNS
.	.
Discussion	NN
also	RB
took	VBD
place	NN
concerning	VBG
funding	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
refurbish	VB
vs.	FW
new	JJ
construction	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
transportation	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
time	NN
on	IN
buses	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
curriculum	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
number	NN
of	IN
course	NN
offerings	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
small	JJ
school	NN
vs.	IN
a	DT
larger	JJR
school	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
An	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Elk	NNP
Garden	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Mineral	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
May	NNP
2	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
An	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
East	NNP
Hardy	NNP
Early\/Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Hardy	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
May	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
,	,
General	NNP
Counsel	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
presented	VBD
Policy	NNP
2250	CD
,	,
as	IN
revised	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
June	NNP
11	CD
meeting	NN
and	CC
with	IN
a	DT
correction	NN
at	IN
3.7	CD
adding	VBG
a	DT
``	``
t	NN
''	''
to	TO
the	DT
word	NN
``	``
no	DT
''	''
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Policy	NN
2250	CD
will	MD
set	VB
the	DT
requirement	NN
for	IN
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
formal	JJ
procedures	NNS
to	TO
evaluate	VB
non-school	JJ
sponsored	VBN
programs	NNS
,	,
services	NNS
,	,
activities	NNS
and	CC
partnerships	NNS
to	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
appropriateness	NN
of	IN
permitting	VBG
them	PRP
to	TO
complement	VB
the	DT
education	NN
provided	VBN
to	TO
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
district	NN
.	.
Jack	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
presented	VBD
four	CD
new	JJ
content	JJ
specializations	NNS
for	IN
three	CD
higher	JJR
education	NN
institutions	NNS
of	IN
professional	JJ
preparation	NN
as	IN
recommended	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Program	NNP
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
on	IN
May	NNP
20	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
-	:
Approval	NN
of	IN
Educational	NNP
Personnel	NNP
Preparation	NNP
Programs	NNP
requires	VBZ
the	DT
Program	NN
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
meet	VB
each	DT
semester	NN
to	TO
review	VB
new	JJ
content	JJ
specializations	NNS
and	CC
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
for	IN
action	NN
.	.
Pamela	NNP
S.	NNP
Cain	NNP
presented	VBD
and	CC
distributed	VBD
a	DT
corrected	VBN
version	NN
of	IN
Policy	NNP
2520.8	CD
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Policy	NN
2520	CD
defines	VBZ
the	DT
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
CSOs	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
the	DT
program	NN
of	IN
study	NN
required	VBN
by	IN
Policy	NNP
2510	CD
and	CC
establishes	VBZ
a	DT
standardized	JJ
format	NN
.	.
A	DT
team	NN
of	IN
distinguished	JJ
driver	NN
education	NN
teachers	NNS
developed	VBD
the	DT
CSOs	NNS
found	VBN
in	IN
Policy	NNP
2520.8	CD
based	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
standards	NNS
for	IN
driver	NN
education	NN
.	.
No	DT
comments	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
comment	NN
period	NN
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
regarding	VBG
future	JJ
testing	NN
dates	NNS
,	,
release\/availability	NN
of	IN
testing	NN
results	NNS
,	,
testing	NN
requirements	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
quality	NN
of	IN
instruction	NN
following	VBG
testing	NN
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
questioned	VBD
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
6.5	CD
and	CC
6.5.1	CD
as	IN
the	DT
language	NN
appeared	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
as	IN
6.4	CD
and	CC
6.4.1	CD
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Barth	NNP
responded	VBD
she	PRP
would	MD
review	VB
the	DT
language	NN
and	CC
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
approve	VBP
the	DT
policy	NN
for	IN
adoption	NN
with	IN
a	DT
provision	NN
that	IN
the	DT
language	NN
in	IN
question	NN
be	VB
removed	VBN
if	IN
found	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
unnecessary	JJ
.	.
The	DT
statewide	JJ
testing	NN
results	NNS
for	IN
this	DT
past	JJ
year	NN
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
in	IN
July	NNP
.	.
Jack	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
presented	VBD
WVSSAC	NNP
Series	NNP
3	CD
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Series	NNP
3	CD
was	VBD
revised	VBN
to	TO
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
bring	VBP
baseball	NN
,	,
softball	NN
and	CC
volleyball	NN
into	IN
line	NN
with	IN
all	DT
other	JJ
sports	NNS
so	IN
people	NNS
will	MD
know	VB
the	DT
exact	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
contests	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
can	MD
participate	VB
;	:
and	CC
2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
allow	VBP
a	DT
player	NN
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
a	DT
portion	NN
of	IN
a	DT
Junior	NNP
Varsity	NNP
and	CC
Varsity	NNP
game	NN
for	IN
up	RB
to	TO
five	CD
quarters	NNS
in	IN
one	CD
day	NN
.	.
The	DT
rule	NN
was	VBD
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
until	IN
May	NNP
21	CD
,	,
2003	CD
and	CC
two	CD
comments	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
returned	VBD
from	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
at	IN
5:40	CD
p.m.	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
time	NN
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
announced	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
appraisal	NN
process	NN
for	IN
the	DT
OEPA	NNP
Director	NNP
and	CC
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
had	VBD
been	VBN
completed	VBN
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Priscilla	NNP
M.	NNP
Haden	NNP
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Sandra	NNP
M.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
released	VBD
the	DT
following	JJ
statement	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
evaluation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
.	.
An	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Spanishburg	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Mercer	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
March	NNP
26	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
OEPA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
a	DT
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
An	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Montcalm	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Mercer	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
March	NNP
25	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
a	DT
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
An	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Stratton	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Raleigh	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
March	NNP
27	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
a	DT
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
asked	VBD
clarification	NN
regarding	VBG
obsolete	JJ
language	NN
in	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
naming	VBG
the	DT
groups	NNS
that	WDT
made	VBD
the	DT
recommendations	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
responded	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
is	VBZ
now	RB
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
and	CC
the	DT
language	NN
will	MD
be	VB
corrected	VBN
.	.
Lenore	NNP
Zedosky	NNP
distributed	VBD
a	DT
print-out	NN
of	IN
suggested	VBN
changes	NNS
to	TO
Policy	NNP
2520.5	CD
and	CC
responded	VBD
to	TO
several	JJ
concerns	NNS
issued	VBN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
meeting	NN
by	IN
Sandra	NNP
M.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
.	.
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
asked	VBD
why	WRB
safety	NN
gear	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
mentioned	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
content	NN
standards	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
grade	NN
4	CD
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Zedosky	NNP
responded	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
reference	NN
to	TO
safety	NN
gear	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
in	IN
grade	NN
1	CD
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
addition	NN
of	IN
car	NN
safety	NN
belt	NN
usage	NN
be	VB
added	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
kindergarten	NN
level	NN
.	.
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
asked	VBD
if	IN
Policy	NNP
2520.10	CD
was	VBD
modified	VBN
in	IN
response	NN
to	TO
the	DT
large	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
comments	NNS
received	VBN
and	CC
also	RB
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
stringed	JJ
instrument	NN
requirements	NNS
be	VB
modified	VBN
as	RB
was	VBD
done	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
wind	NN
instrument	NN
requirements	NNS
.	.
As	IN
part	NN
of	IN
this	DT
process	NN
,	,
all	DT
18	CD
higher	JJR
education	NN
institutions	NNS
were	VBD
required	VBN
to	TO
release	VB
their	PRP$
individual	JJ
report	NN
cards	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
by	IN
March	NNP
17	CD
,	,
2003	CD
and	CC
April7	NNP
,	,
2003	CD
to	TO
the	DT
general	JJ
public	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
institutions	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
publish	VB
this	DT
information	NN
in	IN
college	NN
catalogs	NNS
,	,
teacher	NN
recruitment	NN
brochures	NNS
and\/or	CC
teacher	NN
education	NN
handbooks	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Paine	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
with	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
the	DT
coordination	NN
and	CC
responsibilities	NNS
of	IN
RESAs	NNP
regarding	VBG
school	NN
improvement	NN
.	.
Following	VBG
discussion	NN
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
directed	VBD
that	IN
all	DT
RESA	NNP
Directors	NNS
be	VB
invited	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
May	NNP
14	CD
meeting	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
this	DT
issue	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
any	DT
others	NNS
requiring	VBG
clarification	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
approved	VBD
the	DT
agenda	NN
with	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
modification	NN
:	:
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Grammar	NNP
for	IN
All	DT
presentation	NN
be	VB
moved	VBN
to	TO
immediately	RB
follow	VB
the	DT
Approval	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Agenda	NNP
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
other	JJ
presentations	NNS
as	RB
necessary	JJ
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
allow	VB
time	NN
for	IN
a	DT
presenter	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Before\/After	NNP
Care	NNP
presentation	NN
to	TO
arrive	VB
due	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
schedule	NN
change	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
informed	VBD
the	DT
assembly	NN
that	IN
the	DT
Before\/After	NNP
Care	NNP
presentation	NN
must	MD
take	VB
place	NN
in	IN
the	DT
auditorium	NN
and	CC
relocated	VBD
the	DT
meeting	NN
to	TO
the	DT
auditorium	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
also	RB
advised	VBD
that	IN
,	,
following	VBG
the	DT
presentation	NN
,	,
the	DT
meeting	NN
would	MD
resume	VB
in	IN
the	DT
lecture	NN
room	NN
after	IN
a	DT
ten	CD
minute	NN
break	NN
.	.
Karen	NNP
Larry	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Assistant	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
and	CC
distributed	VBN
information	NN
regarding	VBG
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
and	CC
proposed	VBN
Policy	NN
5500	CD
,	,
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
.	.
Policy	NN
5500	CD
has	VBZ
been	VBN
developed	VBN
to	TO
define	VB
professional	JJ
development	NN
as	IN
stated	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
No	NNP
Child	NNP
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
Act	NNP
of	IN
2001	CD
,	,
to	TO
outline	VB
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
within	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
within	IN
county	NN
staff	NN
development	NN
councils	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
coordinate	VB
professional	JJ
development	NN
within	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Sandra	NNP
M.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
Delores	NNP
W.	NNP
Cook	NNP
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
approved	VBD
the	DT
agenda	NN
with	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
modifications	NNS
:	:
change	VB
the	DT
title	NN
of	IN
item	NN
VIII	NNP
to	TO
Evaluation	NNP
of	IN
State	NNP
Board	NNP
Staff	NNP
and	CC
renumber	VB
the	DT
remaining	VBG
items	NNS
.	.
This	DT
document	NN
was	VBD
promulgated	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
request	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Legislative	NNP
Oversight	NNP
Commission	NNP
on	IN
Education	NNP
Accountability	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Chairs	NNP
of	IN
House	NNP
and	CC
Senate	NNP
Education	NNP
.	.
Numerous	JJ
concerns	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
document	NN
were	VBD
addressed	VBN
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
,	,
General	NNP
Counsel	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
policies	NNS
submitted	VBN
by	IN
Cabell	NNP
and	CC
Fayette	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
and	CC
stated	VBD
that	IN
both	DT
policies	NNS
met	VBD
the	DT
statutory	JJ
requirements	NNS
.	.
Tony	NNP
Smedley	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Human	NNP
Resources	NNPS
,	,
recommended	VBD
the	DT
Administrative	NNP
Procedures	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
Policy	NNP
5310	CD
from	IN
all	DT
fifty-five	JJ
counties	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
The	DT
Administrative	NNP
Procedures	NNPS
were	VBD
reviewed	VBN
by	IN
Department	NNP
staff	NN
and	CC
all	DT
fifty-five	JJ
county	NN
procedures	NNS
included	VBD
orientation	NN
meetings	NNS
,	,
personnel	NNS
who	WP
will	MD
conduct	VB
observations	NNS
and	CC
evaluations	NNS
,	,
time	NN
frames	NNS
for	IN
completing	VBG
evaluations	NNS
,	,
the	DT
process	NN
for	IN
sharing	VBG
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
observations	NNS
and	CC
evaluations	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
improvement	NN
plan	NN
.	.
Jack	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
presented	VBD
Policy	NNP
5202	CD
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
The	DT
passage	NN
of	IN
federal	JJ
legislation	NN
titled	VBN
``	``
No	NNP
Child	NNP
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
''	''
required	VBN
the	DT
revision	NN
of	IN
Policy	NNP
5202	CD
.	.
Definitions	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
highly	RB
qualified	VBN
teacher	NN
and	CC
paraprofessional	NN
were	VBD
included	VBN
to	TO
reflect	VB
the	DT
new	JJ
law	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
the	DT
language	NN
from	IN
new	JJ
state	NN
legislation	NN
regarding	VBG
teacher	NN
shortages	NNS
and	CC
moving	VBG
expenses	NNS
was	VBD
inserted	VBN
.	.
New	NNP
guidelines	NNS
were	VBD
also	RB
written	VBN
to	TO
address	VB
certification	NN
changes	NNS
in	IN
areas	NNS
of	IN
shortage	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
special	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
speech	NN
assistant	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
revised	VBN
policy	NN
reflects	VBZ
the	DT
necessary	JJ
editing	NN
to	TO
insert	VB
new	JJ
Praxis	NNP
test	NN
scores	NNS
and	CC
certification	NN
descriptions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
revised	VBN
policy	NN
also	RB
updates	NNS
terminology	NN
.	.
Jack	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
presented	VBD
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Educators	NNP
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
the	DT
past	JJ
three	CD
years	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
new	JJ
standards	NNS
for	IN
teacher	NN
preparation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
State	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Impact	NNP
Project	NNP
supported	VBD
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
Professional	NNP
Preparation	NNP
standards	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
areas	NNS
:	:
Conceptual	JJ
Foundations	NNS
for	IN
Teaching	NN
and	CC
Learning	NNP
,	,
Professional	NNP
Teachers	NNPS
,	,
School	NNP
Leadership	NNP
and	CC
Support	NN
Services	NNPS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
accreditation	NN
standards	NNS
were	VBD
also	RB
identified	VBN
for	IN
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
in	IN
their	PRP$
on-site	JJ
program	NN
accreditation	NN
visits	NNS
.	.
Policy	NN
5100	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
revised	VBN
to	TO
reflect	VB
these	DT
standards	NNS
and	CC
guidelines	NNS
.	.
New	NNP
definitions	NNS
,	,
changes	NNS
in	IN
Praxis	NNP
scores	NNS
,	,
and	CC
minor	JJ
editing	NN
were	VBD
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
revisions	NNS
.	.
Jack	NNP
McClanahan	NNP
presented	VBD
Policy	NNP
8210	CD
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
This	DT
policy	NN
provides	VBZ
specific	JJ
procedures	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
followed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Department	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Blind	NNP
in	IN
purchasing	VBG
the	DT
commodities	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
needed	VBN
to	TO
abate	VB
a	DT
declared	VBN
emergency	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Governor	NNP
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
incorporates	VBZ
the	DT
emergency	NN
procedures	NNS
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Administration	NNP
.	.
Lloyd	NNP
G.	NNP
Jackson	NNP
II	NNP
suggested	VBD
a	DT
county	NN
by	IN
county	NN
comparison	NN
section	NN
be	VB
added	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
document	NN
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
regarding	VBG
the	DT
format	NN
,	,
readability	NN
of	IN
the	DT
document	NN
,	,
need	VBP
for	IN
reporting	VBG
in	IN
adult	NN
education	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
career	NN
clusters	NNS
and	CC
job	NN
availability	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Copy	VB
appended	VBN
to	TO
Official	NNP
Minutes	NNPS
,	,
Attachment	NNP
W.	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
Special	JJ
note	NN
:	:
Chancellor	NNP
Mullen	NNP
rejoined	VBD
the	DT
meeting	NN
during	IN
the	DT
presentation	NN
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
following	VBG
the	DT
report	NN
during	IN
which	WDT
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
suggested	VBD
,	,
and	CC
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
concurred	VBD
,	,
that	IN
recommendation	NN
three	CD
should	MD
be	VB
modified	VBN
in	IN
that	IN
the	DT
materials	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
school	NN
superintendent	NN
and	CC
not	RB
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
.	.
Lloyd	NNP
G.	NNP
Jackson	NNP
II	NNP
suggested	VBD
,	,
and	CC
Priscilla	NNP
M.	NNP
Haden	NNP
concurred	VBD
,	,
that	IN
there	EX
was	VBD
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
a	DT
statewide	JJ
policy	NN
for	IN
the	DT
introduction	NN
of	IN
outside	JJ
programs	NNS
into	IN
multiple	JJ
public	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
regarding	VBG
past	JJ
meetings	NNS
at	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
merit	NN
of	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
policy	NN
was	VBD
discussed	VBN
.	.
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
such	JJ
a	DT
policy	NN
could	MD
be	VB
developed	VBN
over	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
couple	NN
of	IN
months	NNS
for	IN
discussion	NN
,	,
action	NN
and	CC
implementation	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
Moving	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
science	NN
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Cain	NNP
introduced	VBD
Deborah	NNP
Brown	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Instructional	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
who	WP
distributed	VBD
and	CC
provided	VBD
a	DT
historical	JJ
overview	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
from	IN
April	NNP
2001	CD
to	TO
the	DT
present	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
curriculum	NN
refinement	NN
process	NN
for	IN
science	NN
.	.
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
asked	VBD
if	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
science	NN
assessments	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
affected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
inclusion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
intelligent	JJ
design	NN
theory	NN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Brown	NNP
and	CC
Dr.	NNP
Barth	NNP
responded	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
affirmative	JJ
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Morris	NNP
also	RB
asked	VBD
of	IN
the	DT
science	NN
teachers	NNS
if	IN
the	DT
position	NN
they	PRP
espoused	VBD
was	VBD
personal	JJ
or	CC
as	IN
representative	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
affiliate	NN
organizations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
response	NN
was	VBD
as	IN
representatives	NNS
of	IN
affiliate	NN
organizations	NNS
.	.
Priscilla	NNP
M.	NNP
Haden	NNP
thanked	VBD
all	PDT
the	DT
science	NN
educators	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
years	NNS
of	IN
hard	JJ
work	NN
and	CC
Mr.	NNP
Calvert	NNP
for	IN
his	PRP$
time	NN
and	CC
effort	NN
and	CC
asked	VBD
the	DT
science	NN
teachers	NNS
if	IN
the	DT
additional	JJ
introductory	JJ
statement	NN
met	VBD
with	IN
their	PRP$
approval	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Lynch	NNP
responded	VBD
it	PRP
could	MD
remain	VB
or	CC
be	VB
withdrawn	VBN
;	:
the	DT
statement	NN
in	IN
question	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
necessary	JJ
.	.
Chancellor	NNP
J.	NNP
Michael	NNP
Mullen	NNP
agreed	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
paragraph	NN
in	IN
question	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
necessary	JJ
and	CC
suggested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
science	NN
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
be	VB
moved	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Consent	NNP
Agenda	NNP
for	IN
action	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Thursday	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
read	VBD
a	DT
proposed	VBN
objective	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
method	NN
of	IN
approaching	VBG
and	CC
preforming	VBG
research	NN
and	CC
asked	VBD
for	IN
input	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
proposed	VBN
objective	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Lynch	NNP
responded	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
issues	NNS
brought	VBD
forth	RB
in	IN
the	DT
objective	NN
were	VBD
already	RB
addressed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
standards	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
objective	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
necessary	JJ
.	.
County	NNP
boards	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
any	DT
school	NN
performing	VBG
below	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
revise	VB
its	PRP$
Unified	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plan	NNP
to	TO
increase	VB
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
a	DT
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
level	NN
.	.
The	DT
revised	VBN
plan	NN
must	MD
include	VB
objectives	NNS
,	,
a	DT
time	NN
line	NN
,	,
an	DT
evaluation	NN
component	NN
,	,
cost	NN
estimates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
date	NN
certain	JJ
for	IN
achieving	VBG
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
.	.
Each	DT
county	NN
board	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
develop	VB
and	CC
submit	VB
an	DT
update	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
Unified	NNP
County	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plan	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
UCIP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNPS
by	IN
December	NNP
31	CD
.	.
This	DT
plan	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
information	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Unified	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
,	,
locally	RB
identified	VBN
needs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
school	NN
performance	NN
data	NNS
.	.
The	DT
plan	NN
specifies	VBZ
strategies	NNS
for	IN
meeting	NN
high	JJ
quality	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
performance	NN
measures	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
met	VBN
.	.
The	DT
updated	VBN
plan	NN
must	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
'	POS
staff	NN
and	CC
State	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
staff	NN
coordinated	VBD
a	DT
review	NN
of	IN
the	DT
55	CD
Unified	NNP
County	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
.	.
The	DT
plans	NNS
were	VBD
reviewed	VBN
to	TO
determine	VB
that	IN
the	DT
required	JJ
components	NNS
were	VBD
included	VBN
and	CC
addressed	VBN
any	DT
performance	NN
or	CC
process	NN
deficiencies	NNS
.	.
Enslow	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
was	VBD
designated	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
seriously	RB
impaired	JJ
school	NN
at	IN
the	DT
December	NNP
13	CD
,	,
2001	CD
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
because	IN
the	DT
school	NN
had	VBD
been	VBN
on	IN
conditional	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
and	CC
failed	VBD
to	TO
achieve	VB
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
by	IN
the	DT
specified	VBN
Date	NNP
Certain	NNP
.	.
Subsequently	RB
,	,
Enslow	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
failed	VBD
to	TO
meet	VB
Standard	JJ
4.2	CD
Student	NN
Attendance	NNP
,	,
by	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
Date	NNP
Certain	NNP
of	IN
June	NNP
30	CD
,	,
2002	CD
.	.
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18-2E-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
j	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
C	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
i	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
states	VBZ
when	WRB
a	DT
seriously	RB
impaired	JJ
school	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
correct	VB
the	DT
impairment	NN
by	IN
the	DT
date	NN
certain	JJ
as	IN
set	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
,	,
``	``
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
shall	MD
appoint	VB
a	DT
monitor	NN
who	WP
shall	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
at	IN
county	NN
expense	NN
to	TO
cause	VB
improvements	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
made	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
bring	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
within	IN
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
time	NN
period	NN
as	IN
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
.	.
''	''
In	IN
order	NN
to	TO
achieve	VB
scientific	JJ
literacy	NN
,	,
all	DT
students	NNS
will	MD
understand	VB
that	IN
the	DT
acquisition	NN
of	IN
knowledge	NN
and	CC
the	DT
scientific	JJ
process	NN
are	VBP
continuous	JJ
.	.
This	DT
involves	VBZ
measuring	NN
,	,
experimenting	VBG
,	,
open-ended	JJ
investigating	VBG
,	,
and	CC
hypothesis	NN
testing	NN
.	.
The	DT
development	NN
,	,
refinement	NN
and	CC
critical	JJ
analysis	NN
of	IN
scientific	JJ
theories	NNS
will	MD
provide	VB
all	DT
learners	NNS
a	DT
better	JJR
understanding	NN
of	IN
natural	JJ
phenomena	NNS
.	.
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
moved	VBD
and	CC
Delores	NNP
W.	NNP
Cook	NNP
seconded	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
be	VB
approved	VBN
.	.
Following	VBG
a	DT
lengthy	JJ
discussion	NN
that	WDT
included	VBD
the	DT
history	NN
behind	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
,	,
ongoing	JJ
concerns	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
such	JJ
a	DT
policy	NN
,	,
and	CC
specific	JJ
concerns	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
at	IN
items	NNS
3.2	CD
,	,
4.2	CD
,	,
4.3	CD
and	CC
4.4	CD
,	,
the	DT
motion	NN
was	VBD
unanimously	RB
defeated	VBN
.	.
Specific	JJ
policy	NN
concerns	NNS
were	VBD
addressed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
common	JJ
consent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
as	IN
follows	VBZ
:	:
item	NN
3.2	CD
was	VBD
approved	VBN
to	TO
remain	VB
,	,
item	NN
4.2	CD
required	VBN
modification	NN
and	CC
provisos	NNS
added	VBD
for	IN
testing	NN
and	CC
transition	NN
;	:
item	NN
4.3	CD
was	VBD
removed	VBN
;	:
item	NN
4.4	CD
was	VBD
renamed	VBN
4.3	CD
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Department	NNP
was	VBD
given	VBN
discretion	NN
to	TO
reformat	VB
the	DT
policy	NN
as	RB
necessary	JJ
and	CC
Priscilla	NNP
M.	NNP
Haden	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
news	NN
article	NN
be	VB
released	VBN
as	RB
quickly	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
regarding	VBG
the	DT
amendments	NNS
and	CC
new	JJ
comment	NN
period	NN
.	.
State	NNP
Department	NNP
staff	NN
continued	VBD
their	PRP$
presentation	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
draft	NN
state	NN
plan	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Steven	NNP
L.	NNP
Paine	NNP
,	,
Deputy	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
will	MD
be	VB
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
liaison	NN
for	IN
concerns	NNS
or	CC
questions	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
draft	NN
plan	NN
.	.
Periodic	JJ
updates	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
plan	NN
's	POS
status	NN
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
State	NNP
Board	NNP
members	NNS
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Copy	VB
appended	VBN
to	TO
Official	NNP
Minutes	NNPS
,	,
Attachment	NNP
A.	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Special	JJ
note	NN
:	:
Chancellor	NNP
Mullen	NNP
departed	VBD
the	DT
meeting	NN
near	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
this	DT
presentation	NN
.	.
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
presented	VBD
an	DT
organizational	JJ
sign	NN
on	IN
form	NN
for	IN
approval	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
identify	VB
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
supporter	NN
for	IN
the	DT
improvement	NN
of	IN
access	NN
to	TO
health	NN
care	NN
for	IN
America	NNP
's	POS
school-aged	JJ
children	NNS
and	CC
youth	NN
through	IN
school-based	JJ
health	NN
centers	NNS
.	.
Priscilla	NNP
M.	NNP
Haden	NNP
asked	VBD
if	IN
this	DT
initiative	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
lobbying	NN
effort	NN
and	CC
would	MD
possibly	RB
have	VB
an	DT
effect	NN
on	IN
the	DT
state	NN
budget	NN
.	.
An	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Philippi	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Barbour	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
December	NNP
17	CD
,	,
2002	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
a	DT
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
An	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Keyser	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Mineral	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
December	NNP
4	CD
,	,
2002	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
a	DT
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Announced	JJ
on-site	JJ
reviews	NNS
were	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Martin	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
Van	NNP
Devender	NNP
Junior	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Wood	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
November	NNP
18	CD
-	:
20	CD
,	,
2002	CD
.	.
The	DT
OEPA	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
reviews	NNS
which	WDT
were	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
reviews	NNS
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
a	DT
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Announced	JJ
on-site	JJ
reviews	NNS
were	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Lizemore	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
H.	NNP
E.	NNP
White	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Clay	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
December	NNP
10	CD
-	:
11	CD
,	,
2002	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
reviews	NNS
which	WDT
were	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
reviews	NNS
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
a	DT
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
The	DT
Marion	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
requested	VBD
approval	NN
to	TO
amend	VB
its	PRP$
CEFP	NNP
to	TO
close	VB
Barnes	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
conclusion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
2002-03	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
and	CC
the	DT
reassignment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
the	DT
2003-04	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
as	IN
follows	VBZ
:	:
Pre-K	JJ
students	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
assigned	VBN
to	TO
Rivesville	NNP
Elementary\/Middle	NNP
School	NNP
;	:
the	DT
K-4	NN
students	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
assigned	VBN
to	TO
Watson	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
Jayenne	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
depending	VBG
upon	IN
their	PRP$
residence	NN
;	:
all	DT
students	NNS
who	WP
presently	RB
attend	VBP
Barnes	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
do	VB
not	RB
reside	VB
in	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
Barnes	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
area	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
assigned	VBN
to	TO
schools	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
attendance	NN
area	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
reside	VBP
.	.
Any	DT
student	NN
assigned	VBN
to	TO
another	DT
school	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
closure	NN
of	IN
Barnes	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
shall	MD
be	VB
permitted	VBN
to	TO
make	VB
application	NN
for	IN
transfer	NN
to	TO
another	DT
school	NN
,	,
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
district	NN
's	POS
transfer	NN
procedures	NNS
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
Ronald	NNP
B.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
approved	VBD
the	DT
aforementioned	JJ
individuals	NNS
as	IN
the	DT
improvement	NN
consultant	NN
teams	NNS
for	IN
Gilbert	NNP
and	CC
Huntington	NNP
High	NNP
Schools	NNP
and	CC
Oak	NNP
Hill	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Brown	NNP
also	RB
presented	VBD
2520.13	CD
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
policy	NN
change	NN
to	TO
Policy	NNP
2520.13	CD
repeals	VBZ
the	DT
version	NN
to	TO
be	VB
effective	JJ
July	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2003	CD
,	,
and	CC
replaces	VBZ
it	PRP
with	IN
a	DT
version	NN
that	WDT
contains	VBZ
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
for	IN
80	CD
additional	JJ
technical	JJ
courses	NNS
,	,
revises	VBZ
the	DT
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
for	IN
one	CD
technical	JJ
course	NN
,	,
and	CC
deletes	VBZ
the	DT
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
for	IN
19	CD
previously	RB
approved	VBN
technical	JJ
courses	NNS
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
suggested	VBD
the	DT
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
as	IN
written	VBN
,	,
without	IN
the	DT
supporting	VBG
documentation	NN
,	,
be	VB
approved	VBN
with	IN
an	DT
accompanying	VBG
statement	NN
indicating	VBG
that	IN
additional	JJ
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
forthcoming	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Mark	NNP
Manchin	NNP
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
and	CC
provided	VBD
proposed	VBN
dates	NNS
for	IN
closure	NN
hearings	NNS
and	CC
invited	VBN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
attendance	NN
and	CC
participation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
hearings	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
request	NN
of	IN
Chancellor	NNP
Mullen	NNP
,	,
who	WP
was	VBD
unable	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
present	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
common	JJ
consent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
,	,
moved	VBD
the	DT
writing	VBG
assessment	NN
report	NN
to	TO
follow	VB
the	DT
school	NN
transportation	NN
report	NN
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
requested	VBD
Item	NNP
XIII	NNP
be	VB
moved	VBN
to	TO
9	CD
a.m.	NN
in	IN
order	NN
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
meet	VBP
with	IN
its	PRP$
attorney	NN
,	,
Mike	NNP
Farrell	NNP
,	,
to	TO
discuss	VB
matters	NNS
in	IN
Tomblin	NNP
v.	CC
Gainer	NNP
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
matters	NNS
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
.	.
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Personnel	NNP
item	NN
located	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Consent	NNP
Agenda	NNP
be	VB
removed	VBN
for	IN
discussion	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
the	DT
common	JJ
consent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
moved	VBD
this	DT
item	NN
to	TO
immediately	RB
follow	VB
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
returned	VBD
from	IN
Executive	NNP
Session	NN
at	IN
11:23	CD
a.m.	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
time	NN
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
announced	VBD
no	DT
action	NN
was	VBD
taken	VBN
or	CC
decisions	NNS
not	RB
covered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
attorney-client	JJ
privilege	NN
were	VBD
made	VBN
in	IN
Executive	NNP
Session	NN
.	.
Chancellor	NNP
Mullen	NNP
stated	VBD
continuing	VBG
concern	NN
regarding	VBG
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
findings	NNS
throughout	IN
each	DT
report	NN
regarding	VBG
student	NN
writing	VBG
assessments	NNS
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
common	JJ
consent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
directed	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
item	NN
be	VB
added	VBN
to	TO
next	JJ
month	NN
's	POS
work	NN
session	NN
agenda	NN
to	TO
continue	VB
discussion	NN
of	IN
this	DT
concern	NN
.	.
Announced	JJ
on-site	JJ
reviews	NNS
were	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Central	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
Moundsville	NNP
Junior	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Marshall	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
November	NNP
6	CD
-	:
8	CD
,	,
2002	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
reviews	NNS
which	WDT
were	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
reviews	NNS
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Announced	JJ
on-site	JJ
reviews	NNS
were	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
John	NNP
J.	NNP
Cornwell	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
Romney	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Hampshire	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
November	NNP
6	CD
-	:
8	CD
,	,
2002	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
reviews	NNS
which	WDT
were	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
reviews	NNS
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
The	DT
Assessment	NNP
Committee	NNP
from	IN
the	DT
Agreed	NNP
Order	NNP
in	IN
Tomblin	NNP
v.	CC
Gainer	NNP
has	VBZ
proposed	VBN
changes	NNS
in	IN
Policy	NN
2320	CD
to	TO
conform	VB
with	IN
No	DT
Chid	NNP
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
legislation	NN
.	.
The	DT
changes	NNS
primarily	RB
involve	VBP
recognizing	VBG
and	CC
including	VBG
subgroups	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
measures	NNS
,	,
identifying	VBG
the	DT
graduation	NN
standards	NNS
,	,
and	CC
aligning	VBG
the	DT
current	JJ
policy	NN
with	IN
the	DT
two	CD
year	NN
requirement	NN
of	IN
Title	NNP
I	PRP
in	IN
order	NN
for	IN
a	DT
school	NN
to	TO
be	VB
designated	VBN
as	IN
low-performing	JJ
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
CATS	NNP
curriculum	NN
will	MD
be	VB
brought	VBN
before	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
in	IN
February	NNP
and	CC
that	IN
the	DT
position	NN
announcement	NN
for	IN
science	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
posted	VBN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
interim	JJ
science	NN
questions	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
directed	VBN
to	TO
Deborah	NNP
Brown	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Instructional	NNP
Services	NNPS
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
provide	VBP
an	DT
opinion	NN
regarding	VBG
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18-3-9	CD
and	CC
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
responsibility	NN
regarding	VBG
personnel	NNS
matters	NNS
.	.
Following	VBG
discussion	NN
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
requested	VBD
members	NNS
continue	VB
to	TO
be	VB
aware	JJ
of	IN
this	DT
issue	NN
.	.
Policy	NN
3233	CD
was	VBD
placed	VBN
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
at	IN
the	DT
August	NNP
2002	CD
meeting	NN
.	.
Revised	VBN
versions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
discussed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
October	NNP
and	CC
November	NNP
meetings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
version	NN
in	IN
the	DT
attachment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
December	NNP
11	CD
minutes	NNS
has	VBZ
been	VBN
reviewed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
RESA	NNP
Executive	NNP
Directors	NNS
and	CC
contains	VBZ
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
changes	NNS
agreed	VBD
to	TO
in	IN
earlier	JJR
meetings	NNS
.	.
In	IN
reviewing	VBG
the	DT
policy	NN
yesterday	NN
a	DT
concern	NN
was	VBD
raised	VBN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
first	JJ
two	CD
paragraphs	NNS
under	IN
qualifications	NNS
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Luff	NNP
distributed	VBD
two	CD
options	NNS
as	IN
requested	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
and	CC
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
suggested	VBD
adding	VBG
the	DT
wording	NN
``	``
preferably	RB
in	IN
education	NN
''	''
to	TO
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
sentence	NN
at	IN
option	NN
#	#
2	CD
.	.
Both	DT
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
and	CC
Delores	NNP
W.	NNP
Cook	NNP
agreed	VBD
to	TO
compromise	VB
but	CC
that	IN
they	PRP
would	MD
prefer	VB
the	DT
person	NN
hold	VBP
a	DT
degree	NN
in	IN
education	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
read	VBD
option	NN
#	#
1	CD
as	IN
submitted	VBN
by	IN
Mr.	NNP
Luff	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
,	,
``	``
Holds	VBZ
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
a	DT
Master	NNP
's	POS
degree	NN
,	,
preferably	RB
in	IN
education	NN
or	CC
a	DT
field	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
position	NN
,	,
and	CC
has	VBZ
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
three	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
full-time	JJ
administrative	JJ
experience	NN
,	,
preferably	RB
in	IN
education	NN
.	.
''	''
Effective	JJ
July	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2003	CD
,	,
all	DT
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
must	MD
weight	VB
College	NNP
Board	NNP
Advanced	NNP
Placement	NNP
and	CC
International	NNP
Baccalaureate	NNP
courses	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
had	VBD
weighted	VBN
such	JJ
courses	NNS
previously	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Sandra	NNP
M.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
a	DT
follow-up	JJ
letter	NN
go	VB
out	RB
to	TO
communicate	VB
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
interest	NN
in	IN
and	CC
seriousness	NN
of	IN
the	DT
tabloid	NN
and	CC
posters	NNS
and	CC
requested	VBD
a	DT
response	NN
be	VB
obtained	VBN
from	IN
counties	NNS
that	WDT
did	VBD
not	RB
reply	VB
to	TO
the	DT
survey	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
Student	NNP
Code	NNP
of	IN
Conduct	NNP
.	.
Liza	NNP
Corderio	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
School\/Community	NNP
Relations	NNPS
,	,
stated	VBD
that	IN
letters	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
prepared	JJ
and	CC
telephone	NN
calls	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
nine	CD
counties	NNS
that	WDT
did	VBD
not	RB
respond	VB
and	CC
also	RB
to	TO
the	DT
counties	NNS
who	WP
replied	VBD
but	CC
indicated	VBD
no	DT
action	NN
has	VBZ
occurred	VBN
.	.
Hampshire	NNP
County	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
was	VBD
designated	VBN
as	IN
``	``
Seriously	RB
Impaired	VBN
''	''
at	IN
the	DT
September	NNP
2002	CD
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
Policy	NN
2320	CD
states	NNS
:	:
``	``
Whenever	NNP
a	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
issued	VBN
seriously	RB
impaired	VBN
status	NN
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
shall	MD
appoint	VB
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
improvement	NN
consultants	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
within	IN
sixty	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
appointment	NN
for	IN
correcting	VBG
the	DT
impairment	NN
.	.
''	''
At	IN
the	DT
October	NNP
meeting	NN
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
appointed	VBD
an	DT
Improvement	NNP
Consultant	NN
Team	NNP
to	TO
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
for	IN
Hampshire	NNP
County	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
is	VBZ
required	VBN
under	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-4-8e	NNP
to	TO
make	VB
available	JJ
competency	NN
tests	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
various	JJ
school	NN
service	NN
personnel	NNS
classifications	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
establish	VB
passing	VBG
scores	NNS
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
tests	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
a	DT
uniform	JJ
means	NNS
to	TO
determine	VB
qualifications	NNS
of	IN
applicants	NNS
applying	VBG
for	IN
employment	NN
.	.
The	DT
competency	NN
tests	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
utilized	VBN
for	IN
new	JJ
employees	NNS
or	CC
existing	VBG
employees	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
applying	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
position	NN
in	IN
a	DT
different	JJ
classification	NN
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
presented	VBD
one	CD
new	JJ
content	JJ
specialization	NN
for	IN
two	CD
higher	JJR
education	NN
institutions	NNS
of	IN
professional	JJ
preparation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
-	:
Approval	NN
of	IN
Educational	NNP
Personnel	NNP
Programs	NNP
requires	VBZ
the	DT
Program	NN
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
meet	VB
each	DT
semester	NN
to	TO
review	VB
new	JJ
content	JJ
specializations	NNS
and	CC
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
for	IN
action	NN
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
,	,
general	JJ
counsel	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
,	,
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
delegate	NN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
or	CC
his	PRP$
designee	NN
,	,
the	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
conduct	VB
public	JJ
hearings	NNS
upon	IN
proposed	VBN
school	NN
closures	NNS
of	IN
Hamlin	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
,	,
Duval	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
,	,
Guyan	NNP
Valley	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Harts	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
and	CC
,	,
following	VBG
the	DT
public	JJ
hearings	NNS
,	,
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
decision	NN
upon	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
closures	NNS
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
asked	VBD
what	WP
steps	VBZ
the	DT
Department	NNP
is	VBZ
taking	VBG
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
budget	NN
deficit	NN
and	CC
also	RB
asked	VBD
if	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
has	VBZ
a	DT
budget	NN
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
explained	VBD
the	DT
budget	NN
process	NN
,	,
actions	NNS
taken	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
in	IN
response	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Governor	NNP
's	POS
request	NN
to	TO
cut	VB
spending	NN
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
input	NN
into	IN
the	DT
budget	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
budget	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
data	NNS
,	,
results	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Follow-up	JJ
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audit	NNP
,	,
and	CC
updated	VBN
Unified	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
meets	VBZ
the	DT
specified	VBN
criteria	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
no	RB
longer	RB
considered	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
Seriously	RB
Impaired	VBN
.	.
Following	VBG
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
's	POS
announcement	NN
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
recommended	VBD
that	IN
control	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
system	NN
be	VB
returned	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
moved	VBD
,	,
and	CC
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
seconded	VBD
,	,
that	IN
control	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
be	VB
returned	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
local	JJ
board	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
read	VBD
a	DT
statement	NN
from	IN
Sheila	NNP
Hamilton	NNP
who	WP
was	VBD
unable	JJ
to	TO
attend	VB
the	DT
meeting	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
President	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
's	POS
takeover	NN
.	.
Following	VBG
congratulatory	JJ
remarks	NNS
from	IN
both	DT
Boards	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
work	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
,	,
Legislature	NNP
,	,
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
past	JJ
and	CC
present	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
central	JJ
office	NN
staff	NN
,	,
principals	NNS
,	,
teachers	NNS
and	CC
non-teaching	JJ
personnel	NNS
,	,
the	DT
citizenry	NN
and	CC
business	NN
community	NN
of	IN
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
by	IN
unanimous	JJ
vote	NN
,	,
returned	VBD
control	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
distributed	VBD
a	DT
listing	NN
of	IN
committees\/boards	NNS
on	IN
which	WDT
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
serve	VBP
as	IN
liaisons	NNS
and	CC
asked	VBD
members	NNS
to	TO
review	VB
the	DT
list	NN
and	CC
advise	VB
him	PRP
of	IN
concerns	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
December	NNP
12	CD
meeting	NN
.	.
An	DT
announced	VBN
on-site	JJ
review	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
Arnoldsburg	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Calhoun	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
October	NNP
22	CD
,	,
2002	CD
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
conducted	VBD
a	DT
review	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
limited	VBN
in	IN
scope	NN
to	TO
the	DT
performance	NN
and	CC
process	NN
standards	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
school	NN
and	CC
student	NN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
review	NN
also	RB
consisted	VBD
of	IN
a	DT
resource	NN
evaluation	NN
.	.
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
inquired	VBD
about	IN
the	DT
language	NN
of	IN
the	DT
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
motions	NNS
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
,	,
General	NNP
Counsel	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
,	,
responded	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
language	NN
is	VBZ
written	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
.	.
In	IN
May	NNP
of	IN
1997	CD
,	,
before	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
intervened	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
voted	VBD
to	TO
approve	VB
a	DT
deed	NN
transfer	NN
of	IN
property	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
old	JJ
bus	NN
garage	NN
on	IN
Lower	NNP
Mud	NNP
River	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
the	DT
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
the	DT
vote	NN
,	,
no	DT
deed	NN
accomplishing	VBG
this	DT
transfer	NN
was	VBD
prepared	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
has	VBZ
now	RB
prepared	VBN
a	DT
deed	NN
and	CC
submitted	VBD
it	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
for	IN
signature	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
asked	VBD
whether	IN
the	DT
deed	NN
was	VBD
in	IN
proper	JJ
form	NN
and	CC
had	VBD
been	VBN
reviewed	VBN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Tinder	NNP
provided	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
deed	NN
,	,
an	DT
overview	NN
of	IN
the	DT
review	NN
process	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
history	NN
of	IN
the	DT
deed	NN
preparation	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
made	VBD
corrections	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
deed	NN
by	IN
inserting	VBG
the	DT
correct	JJ
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
of	IN
Lincoln	NNP
and	CC
by	IN
deleting	VBG
the	DT
general	JJ
warranty	NN
.	.
The	DT
Mercer	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
requested	VBD
an	DT
amendment	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
CEFP	NNP
because	IN
the	DT
construction	NN
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
Route	NN
52	CD
K-5	NN
school	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Bluewell\/Brushfork	NNP
area	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
feasible	JJ
at	IN
this	DT
time	NN
.	.
The	DT
amendment	NN
request	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
change	VB
the	DT
movement	NN
of	IN
Bramwell	NNP
students	NNS
upon	IN
closure	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
from	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
Route	NN
52	CD
K-5	NN
school	NN
to	TO
integration	NN
of	IN
Bramwell	NNP
School	NNP
students	NNS
in	IN
Bluewell	NNP
Elementary	NNP
and	CC
Montcalm	NNP
Elementary	NNP
Schools	NNP
upon	IN
closure	NN
of	IN
Bramwell	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
questioned	VBD
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
a	DT
waiver	NN
for	IN
Project	NNP
Merit	NNP
.	.
Karen	NNP
Larry	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Assistant	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Pamela	NNP
Sumpter-Cain	NNP
,	,
Assistant	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
Division	NNP
of	IN
Instructional	NNP
and	CC
Student	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
indicated	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
consistent	JJ
need	NN
for	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
waiver	NN
can	MD
be	VB
addressed	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
textbook	NN
adoption	NN
cycle	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
two	CD
textbook	NN
adoption	NN
cycles	NNS
and	CC
textbooks	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
have	VB
existed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
the	DT
adoption	NN
thereby	RB
creating	VBG
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
a	DT
waiver	NN
.	.
Sheila	NNP
M.	NNP
Hamilton	NNP
requested	VBD
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
pursue	VB
the	DT
modification	NN
of	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
dealing	VBG
with	IN
counselors	NNS
and	CC
that	IN
it	PRP
be	VB
adjusted	VBN
to	TO
allow	VB
85	CD
%	NN
to	TO
90	CD
%	NN
of	IN
a	DT
counselor	NN
's	POS
time	NN
to	TO
be	VB
spent	VBN
with	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	IN
an	DT
item	NN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
this	DT
issue	NN
be	VB
added	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
legislative	JJ
agenda	NN
.	.
Chancellor	NNP
Mullen	NNP
discussed	VBD
language	NN
at	IN
sections	NNS
5.1	CD
and	CC
7.1	CD
;	:
the	DT
current	JJ
language	NN
is	VBZ
specific	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
counselor	NN
and	CC
not	RB
the	DT
counseling	NN
program	NN
.	.
Sandra	NNP
M.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
suggested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
be	VB
referred	VBN
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
Department	NNP
for	IN
further	JJ
refinement	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Huffman	NNP
recommended	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
be	VB
approved	VBN
and	CC
revisited	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
year	NN
to	TO
ascertain	VB
its	PRP$
effectiveness	NN
.	.
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18-2-13h	JJ
authorizes	VBZ
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
agreements	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
DHHR	NNP
to	TO
provide	VB
adequate	JJ
and	CC
appropriate	JJ
educational	JJ
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
school-age	JJ
juveniles	NNS
placed	VBN
in	IN
residential	JJ
facilities	NNS
for	IN
custody	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
regard	NN
,	,
an	DT
agreement	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
developed	VBN
to	TO
permit	VB
the	DT
Department	NNP
's	POS
Office	NNP
of	IN
Institutional	NNP
Education	NNP
Programs	NNP
to	TO
provide	VB
educational	JJ
services	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Child	NNP
Care	NNP
,	,
Falling	NNP
Waters	NNP
Campus	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
asked	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Superintendent	NNP
review	NN
and	CC
identify	VB
all	DT
liaison	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
whether	IN
representation	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
by	IN
statute	NN
or	CC
law	NN
,	,
mission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
liaison	NN
,	,
number	NN
of	IN
meetings	NNS
requiring	VBG
attendance	NN
,	,
time	NN
required	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
term	NN
of	IN
service	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
or	CC
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
staff	NN
prepare	VB
a	DT
response	NN
to	TO
letters	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
excluding	VBG
form	NN
letters	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
received	VBN
from	IN
individuals	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
Civil	NNP
Rights	NNPS
Team	NNP
Project	NNP
.	.
Sandra	NNP
M.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
all	DT
members	NNS
be	VB
allowed	VBN
to	TO
review	VB
the	DT
response	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
its	PRP$
distribution	NN
.	.
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
provided	VBD
a	DT
report	NN
regarding	VBG
progress	NN
in	IN
the	DT
investigation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Civil	NNP
Rights	NNPS
Team	NNP
Project	NNP
including	VBG
her	PRP$
visit	NN
to	TO
East	NNP
Fairmont	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
and	CC
Ronald	NNP
B.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
visiting	VBG
Liberty	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
few	JJ
of	IN
weeks	NNS
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
common	JJ
consent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
deferred	VBD
the	DT
ceremonial	JJ
oath	NN
of	IN
office	NN
for	IN
Delores	NNP
W.	NNP
Cook	NNP
to	TO
Thursday	NNP
.	.
The	DT
official	JJ
oath	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
executed	VBN
and	CC
is	VBZ
on	IN
file	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Secretary	NNP
of	IN
State	NNP
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
provided	VBD
a	DT
PowerPoint	NNP
presentation	NN
and	CC
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
adequate	JJ
yearly	JJ
progress	NN
and	CC
accountability	NN
required	VBN
by	IN
both	DT
the	DT
No	NNP
Child	NNP
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
Act	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Agreed	NNP
Order	NNP
in	IN
Tomblin	NNP
v.	CC
Gainer	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
asked	VBD
that	IN
members	NNS
receive	VBP
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
PowerPoint	NNP
presentation	NN
and	CC
Mr.	NNP
Luff	NNP
indicated	VBD
he	PRP
would	MD
provide	VB
same	JJ
but	CC
requested	VBD
that	IN
it	PRP
not	RB
be	VB
disseminated	VBN
as	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
final	JJ
product	NN
.	.
Issues	NNS
and\/or	CC
concerns	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
No	NNP
Child	NNP
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
Act	NNP
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
addressed	VBN
to	TO
Mr.	NNP
Luff	NNP
or	CC
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
.	.
Following	VBG
a	DT
lengthy	JJ
discussion	NN
,	,
Ms.	NNP
Tinder	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
would	MD
survey	VB
all	DT
counties	NNS
to	TO
ascertain	VB
what	WP
guidelines	NNS
are	VBP
in	IN
place	NN
for	IN
approval	NN
of	IN
outside	JJ
programs	NNS
.	.
Sandra	NNP
M.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
survey	NN
include	VBP
all	DT
non-school	JJ
related	JJ
outside	JJ
programs	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
occurring	VBG
in	IN
schools	NNS
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
announced	VBD
to	TO
those	DT
present	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
inform	VBP
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
progress	NN
of	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
investigation	NN
regarding	VBG
2001	CD
flood	NN
expenditures	NNS
in	IN
McDowell	NNP
and	CC
Wyoming	NNP
Counties	NNS
,	,
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
recent	JJ
involvement	NN
of	IN
certain	JJ
Department	NNP
staff	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audit	NNP
of	IN
Fayette	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
Ronald	NNP
B.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
moved	VBD
and	CC
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
seconded	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
as	IN
presented	VBN
,	,
be	VB
approved	VBN
.	.
Before	IN
voting	VBG
on	IN
said	VBD
motion	NN
Mr.	NNP
Morris	NNP
questioned	VBD
whether	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
concerning	VBG
the	DT
Fayette	NNP
County	NNP
Education	NNP
Audit	NNP
should	MD
be	VB
added	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
agenda	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
consensus	NN
of	IN
those	DT
present	JJ
that	IN
Mr.	NNP
Morris	NNP
was	VBD
correct	JJ
and	CC
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
and	CC
Mr.	NNP
Morris	NNP
agreed	VBD
and	CC
did	VBD
amend	VB
their	PRP$
motion	NN
accordingly	RB
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
stated	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Division	NN
of	IN
Administrative	NNP
Services	NNPS
is	VBZ
now	RB
under	IN
his	PRP$
direct	JJ
supervision	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
has	VBZ
had	VBN
extensive	JJ
experience	NN
with	IN
this	DT
division	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
well-equipped	JJ
to	TO
administer	VB
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
division	NN
.	.
The	DT
division	NN
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
follow	VB
all	DT
purchasing	VBG
guidelines	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
State	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
A	DT
timeline	NN
for	IN
posting	VBG
the	DT
vacant	JJ
position	NN
of	IN
Assistant	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Division	NN
of	IN
Administrative	NNP
Services	NNPS
caused	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
resignation	NN
of	IN
G.	NNP
A.	NNP
McClung	NNP
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
established	VBN
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
,	,
General	NNP
Counsel	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
to	TO
relay	VB
a	DT
message	NN
from	IN
Assistant	NNP
Attorney	NNP
General	NNP
Paul	NNP
Sheridan	NNP
regarding	VBG
his	PRP$
lack	NN
of	IN
notice	NN
to	TO
appear	VB
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
and	CC
his	PRP$
request	NN
that	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
be	VB
scheduled	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
future	JJ
agenda	NN
.	.
Ronald	NNP
B.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
moved	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
item	NN
be	VB
removed	VBN
from	IN
consideration	NN
and	CC
rescheduled	VBD
to	TO
allow	VB
participation	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Attorney	NNP
General	NNP
's	POS
office	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
the	DT
call	NN
for	IN
a	DT
second	JJ
and	CC
there	EX
being	VBG
none	NN
,	,
the	DT
motion	NN
died	VBD
for	IN
the	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
a	DT
second	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
approved	VBD
the	DT
Marion	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
's	POS
request	NN
to	TO
amend	VB
its	PRP$
CEFP	NNP
to	TO
provide	VB
handicap	NN
accessible	JJ
ramps	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
campus	NN
buildings	NNS
at	IN
Fairmont	NNP
Senior	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
replacement	NN
of	IN
sewage	NN
treatment	NN
facilities	NNS
at	IN
East	NNP
Dale	NNP
Elementary	NNP
and	CC
North	NNP
Marion	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
approved	VBD
the	DT
Ohio	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
's	POS
request	NN
to	TO
amend	VB
its	PRP$
CEFP	NNP
to	TO
provide	VB
for	IN
the	DT
construction	NN
of	IN
a	DT
Commons	NNP
Area	NNP
and	CC
Student	NNP
Lounge	NNP
,	,
renovation	NN
work	NN
to	TO
consist	VB
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
food	NN
court	NN
style	NN
service	NN
area	NN
with	IN
new	JJ
food	NN
service	NN
and	CC
kitchen	NN
equipment	NN
,	,
a	DT
new	JJ
entrance	NN
to	TO
the	DT
gymnasium	NN
and	CC
the	DT
renovation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
former	JJ
south	JJ
common	JJ
into	IN
four	CD
technology	NN
classrooms	NNS
and	CC
three	CD
storage	NN
rooms	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
extension	NN
of	IN
an	DT
existing	VBG
corridor	NN
at	IN
Wheeling	NNP
Park	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
with	IN
modifications	NNS
and	CC
expansions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
existing	VBG
sprinkler	NN
,	,
plumbing	NN
,	,
HVAC	NNP
,	,
and	CC
electrical	JJ
systems	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
service	VB
the	DT
addition	NN
and	CC
renovated	VBN
areas	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
also	RB
approved	VBD
the	DT
removal	NN
and	CC
replacement	NN
of	IN
260	CD
windows	NNS
at	IN
Triadelphia	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
Sandra	NNP
M.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
clarification	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
hiring	NN
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
superintendent	NN
in	IN
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
concern	NN
indicating	VBG
that	IN
this	DT
item	NN
is	VBZ
listed	VBN
on	IN
both	DT
the	DT
Logan	NNP
and	CC
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
agendas	NNS
and	CC
thus	RB
is	VBZ
being	VBG
addressed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
proper	JJ
fashion	NN
.	.
Sandra	NNP
M.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
asked	VBD
about	IN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
vacancies	NNS
now	RB
existing	VBG
on	IN
various	JJ
boards	NNS
and	CC
commissions	NNS
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
resignations	NNS
of	IN
James	NNP
J.	NNP
MacCallum	NNP
and	CC
J.	NNP
D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
advised	VBD
that	IN
Board	NNP
that	IN
he	PRP
would	MD
look	VB
into	IN
this	DT
matter	NN
and	CC
report	VB
his	PRP$
findings	NNS
to	TO
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
so	RB
that	IN
appointments	NNS
may	MD
follow	VB
.	.
In	IN
an	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
promote	VB
entrepreneurship	NN
among	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
youth	NN
,	,
representatives	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Benedum	NNP
Foundation	NNP
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Development	NNP
Office	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Higher	JJR
Education	NN
Policy	NNP
Commission	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Small	NNP
Business	NNP
Development	NNP
Centers	NNPS
have	VBP
designed	VBN
and	CC
are	VBP
ready	JJ
to	TO
implement	VB
an	DT
Entrepreneurial	JJ
Spirit	NNP
Contest	NNP
called	VBD
DreamQuest	NNP
2002	CD
.	.
High	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
or	CC
teams	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
develop	VBP
and	CC
submit	VBP
their	PRP$
business	NN
ideas	NNS
.	.
Teachers	NNPS
volunteer	NN
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
advisors	NNS
.	.
Business	NNP
representatives	NNS
serve	VBP
as	IN
``	``
angels	NNS
,	,
''	''
sponsoring	VBG
students	NNS
and	CC
as	IN
judges	NNS
.	.
The	DT
contest	NN
is	VBZ
web-based	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
exception	NN
of	IN
regional	JJ
workshops	NNS
.	.
Students	NNS
,	,
teacher-advisors	NNS
and	CC
angels	NNS
compete	VBP
for	IN
prize	NN
money	NN
.	.
G.	NNP
A.	NNP
McClung	NNP
presented	VBD
Policy	NNP
5612	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
re-consideration	NN
.	.
This	DT
policy	NN
was	VBD
revised	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
more	JJR
specific	JJ
guidance	NN
to	TO
county	NN
boards	NNS
for	IN
use	NN
when	WRB
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
employees	NNS
sustain	VBP
work-related	JJ
injuries	NNS
and	CC
are	VBP
awarded	VBN
workers	NNS
'	POS
compensation	NN
benefits	NNS
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
23-2-1	CD
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
and	CC
all	DT
political	JJ
subdivisions	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
workers	NNS
'	POS
compensation	NN
protection	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
employees	NNS
.	.
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-10	NNP
grants	NNS
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
employees	NNS
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
receive	VB
both	DT
workers	NNS
'	POS
compensation	NN
benefits	NNS
and	CC
compensation	NN
for	IN
personal	JJ
leave	NN
during	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
,	,
but	CC
restricts	VBZ
the	DT
total	JJ
amount	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
received	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
compensation	NN
regularly	RB
received	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
do	VBP
not	RB
pay	VB
compensation	NN
for	IN
personal	JJ
leave	NN
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
the	DT
amounts	NNS
permitted	VBD
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
,	,
Deputy	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
presented	VBD
Policy	NN
4350	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Policy	NN
4350	CD
was	VBD
placed	VBN
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
at	IN
the	DT
July	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
No	DT
comments	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
comment	NN
period	NN
and	CC
no	DT
changes	NNS
were	VBD
made	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
policy	NN
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
provided	VBD
additional	JJ
information	NN
regarding	VBG
``	``
Amendment	NNP
One	CD
''	''
and	CC
recommended	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
support	NN
the	DT
amendment	NN
.	.
Dana	NNP
Waldo	NNP
who	WP
presented	VBD
information	NN
about	IN
this	DT
proposed	VBN
Constitutional	NNP
Amendment	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
September	NNP
meeting	NN
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
support	NN
``	``
Amendment	NNP
One	CD
''	''
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
a	DT
purported	JJ
assault	NN
on	IN
a	DT
principal	NN
by	IN
a	DT
student	NN
at	IN
Bridgeport	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
will	MD
be	VB
contacted	VBN
for	IN
confirmation\/factual	JJ
information	NN
.	.
Steve	NNP
McBride	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Instructional	NNP
Materials	NNPS
,	,
presented	VBD
the	DT
following	JJ
individuals	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
for	IN
approval	NN
as	IN
the	DT
improvement	NN
consultant	NN
team	NN
for	IN
Hampshire	NNP
County	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Howard	NNP
M.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
,	,
Jr.	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
clarified\/amended	VBD
the	DT
intervention	NN
terms	NNS
in	IN
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
to	TO
include	VB
limiting	VBG
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
and	CC
county	NN
superintendent	NN
's	POS
authority	NN
to	TO
transfer	VB
real	JJ
estate	NN
and	CC
to	TO
conduct	VB
school	NN
closure\/consolidation	NN
hearings	NNS
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
presented	VBD
proposed	VBN
Policy	NN
2515	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Questions	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
raised	VBN
concerning	VBG
eligibility	NN
for	IN
Promise	NNP
Scholarships	NNS
due	JJ
to	TO
perceived	VBN
inequities	NNS
in	IN
grading	NN
practices	NNS
among	IN
the	DT
55	CD
county	NN
school	NN
systems	NNS
.	.
Policy	NN
2515	CD
establishes	VBZ
a	DT
uniform	JJ
grading	NN
policy	NN
designed	VBN
to	TO
eliminate	VB
any	DT
such	JJ
inequities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
was	VBD
developed	VBN
with	IN
input	NN
from	IN
representatives	NNS
of	IN
40	CD
county	NN
school	NN
systems	NNS
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
establishes	VBZ
a	DT
grading	NN
scale	NN
that	WDT
must	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
all	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
courses	NNS
offered	VBN
for	IN
credit	NN
.	.
It	PRP
allows	VBZ
county	NN
school	NN
systems	NNS
to	TO
weight	VB
grades	NNS
,	,
but	CC
provides	VBZ
that	IN
weighted	JJ
grades	NNS
received	VBN
after	IN
July	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2003	CD
must	MD
be	VB
converted	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
4.0	CD
scale	NN
for	IN
determining	VBG
eligibility	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Promise	NNP
Scholarship	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
announced	VBD
the	DT
appointment	NN
of	IN
Delores	NNP
W.	NNP
Cook	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
,	,
General	NNP
Counsel	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
Department	NNP
,	,
research	NN
the	DT
participation	NN
,	,
including	VBG
voting	NN
privileges	NNS
,	,
allowed	VBD
a	DT
Board	NNP
member	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
confirmed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Senate	NNP
.	.
G.	NNP
A.	NNP
McClung	NNP
continued	VBD
his	PRP$
presentation	NN
which	WDT
included	VBD
a	DT
comparison	NN
of	IN
the	DT
plan	NN
to	TO
be	VB
presented	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
for	IN
approval	NN
and	CC
the	DT
plan	NN
proposed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Persinger	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
information	NN
prepared	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
for	IN
this	DT
presentation	NN
be	VB
shared	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
as	RB
quickly	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Manchin	NNP
provided	VBD
a	DT
PowerPoint	NNP
presentation	NN
detailing	VBG
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
's	POS
progress	NN
and	CC
master	NN
plan	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
standards	NNS
set	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
Assistant	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
Suzette	NNP
Cook	NNP
,	,
provided	VBD
an	DT
overview	NN
of	IN
elementary	JJ
education	NN
.	.
County	NNP
staff	NN
and	CC
school	NN
principals	NNS
were	VBD
introduced	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Training	NNP
Manual	NNP
and	CC
Handbook	NNP
was	VBD
developed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
resource	NN
for	IN
accreditation	NN
training	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
designed	VBN
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
guide	NN
for	IN
team	NN
members	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
conduct	VBP
on-site	JJ
reviews	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
programs	NNS
in	IN
schools	NNS
and	CC
county	NN
school	NN
systems	NNS
and	CC
assess	VB
compliances	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
measures	NNS
and	CC
high	JJ
quality	NN
standards	NNS
adopted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
,	,
Deputy	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
distributed	VBN
information	NN
and	CC
provided	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
a	DT
uniform	JJ
grading	NN
policy	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Luff	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
will	MD
take	VB
place	NN
on	IN
September	NNP
17	CD
at	IN
11	CD
a.m.	NN
at	IN
the	DT
John	NNP
XXIII	NNP
Pastoral	NNP
Center	NNP
in	IN
Charleston	NNP
.	.
All	DT
local	JJ
superintendents	NNS
or	CC
their	PRP$
designees	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
invited	VBN
to	TO
this	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Morris	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
draft	NN
of	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
it	PRP
becomes	VBZ
available	JJ
.	.
Sandra	NNP
M.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
be	VB
advised	VBN
of	IN
the	DT
outcome\/comments\/concerns	NNS
issued	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
September	NNP
17	CD
meeting	NN
.	.
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
issued	VBD
his	PRP$
support	NN
for	IN
the	DT
pursuance	NN
of	IN
an	DT
answer	NN
to	TO
this	DT
problem	NN
.	.
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
indicated	VBD
there	EX
are	VBP
counties	NNS
that	WDT
would	MD
appreciate	VB
a	DT
conclusion	NN
to	TO
this	DT
issue	NN
.	.
In	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
-	:
Approval	NN
of	IN
Educational	NNP
Personnel	NNP
Programs	NNP
,	,
G.	NNP
A.	NNP
McClung	NNP
presented	VBD
the	DT
programs	NNS
recommended	VBD
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
All	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
higher	JJR
education	NN
institutions	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
complete	VB
an	DT
annual	JJ
report	NN
on	IN
July	NNP
1	CD
of	IN
each	DT
year	NN
.	.
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
also	RB
contains	VBZ
the	DT
four	CD
major	JJ
areas	NNS
that	IN
all	DT
annual	JJ
reports	NNS
must	MD
address	VB
.	.
All	DT
18	CD
institutions	NNS
met	VBD
these	DT
criteria	NNS
and	CC
qualify	VB
for	IN
``	``
Continuing	NNP
Program	NNP
Approval	NNP
Status	NNP
.	.
''	''
From	IN
these	DT
reports	NNS
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Professional	NNP
Preparation	NNP
compiles	VBZ
a	DT
document	NN
entitled	VBN
Approval	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Preparation	NNP
Programs	NNP
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Universities	NNS
2002-2003	CD
and	CC
distributes	VBZ
this	DT
document	NN
throughout	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
This	DT
year	NN
's	POS
document	NN
reflects	VBZ
all	PDT
the	DT
changes	NNS
the	DT
higher	JJR
education	NN
institutions	NNS
made	VBD
to	TO
align	VB
their	PRP$
professional	JJ
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
revisions	NNS
contained	VBN
in	IN
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
as	IN
revised	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
in	IN
January	NNP
,	,
2000	CD
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
requested	VBD
members	NNS
submit	VB
proposals	NNS
to	TO
G.	NNP
A.	NNP
McClung	NNP
.	.
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
issued	VBD
a	DT
concern	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
change	NN
in	IN
statute	NN
regarding	VBG
yearly	JJ
evaluations	NNS
by	IN
principals	NNS
.	.
President	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
Ron	NNP
Spencer	NNP
and	CC
Barbara	NNP
Fish	NN
accepted	VBD
the	DT
responsibility	NN
for	IN
formulating	VBG
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
legislative	JJ
proposal	NN
for	IN
2003	CD
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Pamela	NNP
Sumpter-Cain	NNP
,	,
Assistant	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
Division	NNP
of	IN
Instructional	NNP
and	CC
Student	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
provided	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
the	DT
grammar	NN
initiative	NN
.	.
Sandra	NNP
M.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
grammar	NN
brochure	NN
be	VB
sent	VBN
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
a	DT
letter	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
President	NNP
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
reporter	NN
with	IN
US	NNP
News	NNP
and	CC
World	NNP
Reports	NNS
who	WP
is	VBZ
working	VBG
on	IN
a	DT
story	NN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
grammar	NN
.	.
Sandra	NNP
M.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
receive	VB
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
letter	NN
that	WDT
accompanied	VBD
the	DT
Student	NN
and	CC
Employee	NNP
Codes	NNP
of	IN
Conduct	NNP
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
contacts	NNS
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
ascertain	VB
that	DT
distribution	NN
has	VBZ
occurred	VBN
;	:
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	IN
all	DT
Board	NNP
members	NNS
be	VB
provided	VBN
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
tabloid	JJ
distributed	VBN
to	TO
students	NNS
;	:
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	IN
a	DT
follow-up	JJ
work	NN
session	NN
be	VB
scheduled	VBN
regarding	VBG
comments	NNS
received	VBN
;	:
5	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
various	JJ
groups	NNS
be	VB
targeted	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
i.e.	FW
,	,
transportation	NN
directors	NNS
,	,
coaches	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
phase	NN
of	IN
promotion	NN
and	CC
implementation	NN
;	:
and	CC
,	,
6	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
Mike	NNP
Hayden	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Secondary	JJ
School	NNP
Activities	NNPS
Commission	NNP
,	,
be	VB
invited	VBN
to	TO
appear	VB
before	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
provide	VB
a	DT
report	NN
regarding	VBG
his	PRP$
implementation	NN
strategy	NN
.	.
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
requested	VBD
that	IN
next	JJ
month	NN
's	POS
agenda	NN
contain	VBP
an	DT
item	NN
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
legislative	JJ
agenda	NN
for	IN
the	DT
coming	JJ
year	NN
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
issued	VBD
a	DT
concern	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
RESA	NNP
policy	NN
and	CC
information	NN
Board	NNP
members	NNS
have	VBP
received	VBN
regarding	VBG
same	JJ
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Mark	NNP
Manchin	NNP
announced	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
reception	NN
,	,
program	NN
and	CC
dinner	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
would	MD
take	VB
place	NN
in	IN
the	DT
cafeteria	NN
at	IN
6:30	CD
p.m.	RB
Superintendents	NNP
Stewart	NNP
and	CC
Manchin	NNP
issued	VBD
an	DT
invitation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
to	TO
tour	VB
the	DT
host	NN
facility	NN
to	TO
review	VB
improvements	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
occurred	VBN
over	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
2002	CD
Annual	JJ
Report	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
fourth	JJ
report	NN
compiling	VBG
accountability	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
This	DT
report	NN
synthesizes	VBZ
the	DT
activities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNPS
as	IN
established	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Legislature	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
Sandra	NNP
M.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
continue	VBP
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
emphasize	VB
initiatives	NNS
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
maintain	VB
an	DT
ongoing	JJ
effort	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
annual	JJ
reports	NNS
which	WDT
include	VBP
having	VBG
a	DT
camera	NN
at	IN
every	DT
meeting	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
especially	RB
outside	IN
of	IN
Charleston	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
clean	VB
up	RP
the	DT
website	NN
and	CC
standardization	NN
of	IN
Board	NNP
member	NN
biographies	NNS
;	:
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
request	VB
invitations	NNS
to	TO
events	NNS
be	VB
sent	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
timely	JJ
manner	NN
and	CC
that	IN
staff	NN
be	VB
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
issue	VB
invitations	NNS
to	TO
Board	NNP
members	NNS
;	:
5	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
when	WRB
planning	VBG
the	DT
travel	NN
schedule	NN
for	IN
the	DT
coming	JJ
year	NN
,	,
to	TO
evaluate	VB
whether	IN
various	JJ
traditions	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
visits	NNS
to	TO
Governor	NNP
's	POS
School	NNP
programs	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
be	VB
continued	VBN
and	CC
to	TO
encourage	VB
local	JJ
persons	NNS
to	TO
lead	VB
the	DT
promotional	JJ
efforts	NNS
for	IN
county	NN
visits	NNS
;	:
6	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
develop	VB
and	CC
make	VB
known	VBN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
objectives	NNS
and	CC
agenda	NN
;	:
7	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
issue	VB
meaningful	JJ
press	NN
releases	NNS
before	IN
and	CC
after	IN
each	DT
meeting	NN
through	IN
appropriate	JJ
media	NNS
;	:
and	CC
8	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
request	VB
the	DT
assignment	NN
of	IN
a	DT
staff	NN
member	NN
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
on	IN
articles	NNS
for	IN
release	NN
to	TO
the	DT
press	NN
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
also	RB
reported	VBD
that	IN
she	PRP
and	CC
Mr.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
are	VBP
continuing	VBG
their	PRP$
work	NN
on	IN
the	DT
annual	JJ
report	NN
and	CC
will	MD
provide	VB
updates	NNS
as	IN
appropriate	JJ
.	.
Programs	NNS
,	,
to	TO
assist	VB
counties	NNS
in	IN
complying	VBG
with	IN
United	NNP
States	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Agriculture	NNP
regulations	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
pertinent	JJ
policies	NNS
and	CC
rules	NNS
.	.
The	DT
comment	NN
period	NN
ended	VBN
on	IN
June	NNP
11	CD
,	,
2002	CD
and	CC
no	DT
comments	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
.	.
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
reported	VBD
that	DT
at	IN
the	DT
June	NNP
meeting	NN
Drs.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
and	CC
Seal	NNP
were	VBD
requested	VBN
to	TO
bring	VB
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
objectives	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
August	NNP
meeting	NN
for	IN
review	NN
and	CC
discussion	NN
.	.
These	DT
objectives	NNS
will	MD
form	VB
the	DT
basis	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
evaluations	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
July	NNP
2003	CD
meeting	NN
.	.
Improvement	NNP
of	IN
Educational	NNP
Assessment	NNP
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Hill	NNP
provided	VBD
a	DT
PowerPoint	NNP
presentation	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
an	DT
accountability	NN
system	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
meet	VB
federal	JJ
and	CC
state	NN
expectations	NNS
including	VBG
the	DT
No	NNP
Child	NNP
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
Act	NNP
.	.
Following	VBG
Mr.	NNP
McClung	NNP
's	POS
presentation	NN
,	,
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
distributed	VBD
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
a	DT
tabloid	NN
,	,
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
Student	NNP
Code	NNP
of	IN
Conduct	NNP
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
review	NN
and	CC
requested	VBD
any	DT
comments	NNS
or	CC
concerns	NNS
by	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
tomorrow	NN
's	POS
business	NN
meeting	NN
.	.
This	DT
tabloid	NN
will	MD
be	VB
distributed	VBN
to	TO
all	DT
students	NNS
upon	IN
their	PRP$
return	NN
to	TO
school	NN
later	RB
this	DT
month	NN
.	.
Performance	NNP
Measure	NN
4.1	CD
,	,
Student	NNP
Achievement	NNP
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
reflects	VBZ
those	DT
schools	NNS
that	WDT
did	VBD
not	RB
meet	VB
the	DT
standard	NN
of	IN
50	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
achieving	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
top	JJ
two	CD
quartiles	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
those	DT
schools	NNS
not	RB
meeting	VBG
the	DT
standard	NN
of	IN
15	CD
percent	NN
or	CC
fewer	JJR
students	NNS
performing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
bottom	JJ
quartile	NN
or	CC
a	DT
decreasing	VBG
trend	NN
.	.
The	DT
schools	NNS
denoted	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
asterisk	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
\*	SYM
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
seriously	RB
impaired	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
recommended	VBN
that	IN
these	DT
schools	NNS
be	VB
issued	VBN
seriously	RB
impaired	VBN
status	NN
and	CC
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
improvement	NN
consultants	NNS
be	VB
appointed	VBN
to	TO
each	DT
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
denoted	VBN
by	IN
two	CD
asterisks	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
\*\*	SYM
-RRB-	-RRB-
was	VBD
a	DT
previous	JJ
seriously	RB
impaired	JJ
school	NN
that	WDT
failed	VBD
to	TO
achieve	VB
the	DT
Date	NNP
Certain	NNP
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
recommend	VB
that	IN
a	DT
monitor	NN
be	VB
appointed	VBN
to	TO
cause	VB
improvements	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
made	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
bring	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
asked	VBD
what	WP
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
responsibility	NN
is	VBZ
once	RB
a	DT
county	NN
problem	NN
is	VBZ
identified	VBN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
his	PRP$
office	NN
reviews	VBZ
county	NN
policies	NNS
and	CC
institutes	NN
an	DT
investigation	NN
of	IN
specific	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
,	,
General	NNP
Counsel	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
,	,
also	RB
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
described	VBD
the	DT
procedure	NN
followed	VBN
by	IN
Legal	NNP
Services	NNP
to	TO
investigate	VB
complaints	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
provided	VBD
brief	JJ
reports	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
grammar	NN
and	CC
writing	VBG
initiatives	NNS
and	CC
indicated	VBD
the	DT
Governor	NNP
has	VBZ
requested	VBN
that	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
Honors	NNP
Academy	NNP
dealing	VBG
with	IN
writing	VBG
be	VB
established	VBN
.	.
This	DT
initiative	NN
is	VBZ
pending	VBG
funding	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
approved	VBD
the	DT
Ritchie	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
's	POS
request	NN
to	TO
amend	VB
its	PRP$
CEFP	NNP
to	TO
install	VB
a	DT
two-classroom	JJ
modular	JJ
building	NN
at	IN
Creed	NNP
Collins	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
which	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
handicapped	VBN
accessible	JJ
with	IN
in-house	JJ
restrooms	NNS
and	CC
will	MD
meet	VB
all	DT
codes	NNS
and	CC
standards	NNS
.	.
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
there	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
discrepancy	NN
in	IN
the	DT
number	NN
reported	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
and	CC
the	DT
number	NN
found	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
attachment	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Luff	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
this	DT
item	NN
would	MD
be	VB
corrected	VBN
prior	RB
to	TO
its	PRP$
distribution	NN
with	IN
the	DT
August	NNP
agenda	NN
.	.
Content	NN
Standards	NNPS
and	CC
Objectives	NNPS
and	CC
did	VBD
not	RB
appear	VB
in	IN
the	DT
printed	VBN
copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
revision	NN
but	CC
did	VBD
appear	VB
on	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
's	POS
web	NN
site	NN
for	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
.	.
Those	DT
courses	NNS
are	VBP
now	RB
in	IN
their	PRP$
proper	JJ
place	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Technology	NNP
Education	NNP
curriculum	NN
.	.
In	IN
both	DT
the	DT
printed	VBN
copies	NNS
and	CC
on	IN
the	DT
web	NN
site	NN
,	,
several	JJ
courses	NNS
designated	VBN
as	IN
``	``
under	IN
development	NN
''	''
have	VBP
been	VBN
removed	VBN
.	.
Additional	JJ
comments	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
and	CC
a	DT
comment	NN
log	VB
was	VBD
distributed	VBN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
comments	NNS
submitted	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Examiners	NNS
for	IN
Registered	NNP
Professional	NNP
Nurses	NNPS
.	.
A	DT
minor	JJ
change	NN
was	VBD
made	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
language	NN
at	IN
section	NN
6.1	CD
.	.
and	CC
an	DT
amended	VBN
copy	NN
was	VBD
distributed	VBN
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
,	,
Legal	NNP
Counsel	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
,	,
presented	VBD
Policy	NN
4374	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
proposed	VBN
new	JJ
policy	NN
which	WDT
implements	VBZ
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Senate	NNP
Bill	NNP
177	CD
passed	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
2002	CD
legislative	JJ
session	NN
.	.
The	DT
new	JJ
code	NN
section	NN
requires	VBZ
the	DT
Board	NNP
to	TO
promulgate	VB
a	DT
rule	NN
providing	VBG
a	DT
procedure	NN
by	IN
which	WDT
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
can	MD
implement	VB
a	DT
school	NN
dress	NN
code	NN
requiring	VBG
student	NN
uniforms	NNS
.	.
G.	NNP
A.	NNP
McClung	NNP
presented	VBD
Policy	NNP
5612	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
This	DT
policy	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
revised	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
more	JJR
specific	JJ
procedures	NNS
for	IN
use	NN
when	WRB
employees	NNS
sustain	VBP
work-related	JJ
injuries	NNS
and	CC
are	VBP
awarded	VBN
workers	NNS
'	POS
compensation	NN
benefits	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
employees	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
receive	VB
compensation	NN
for	IN
personal	JJ
and\/or	CC
annual	JJ
leave	NN
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
required	VBN
,	,
when	WRB
added	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
workers	NNS
'	POS
compensation	NN
benefits	NNS
,	,
to	TO
equal	VB
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
compensation	NN
regularly	RB
paid	VBD
the	DT
injured	VBN
employee	NN
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
presented	VBD
Policy	NNP
4350	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
revision	NN
to	TO
Policy	NNP
4350	CD
is	VBZ
to	TO
add	VB
two	CD
new	JJ
sections	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
repeal	VB
Policy	NN
4350.1	CD
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
addition	NN
is	VBZ
necessitated	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
change	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
requiring	VBG
school	NN
personnel	NNS
to	TO
request	VB
a	DT
social	JJ
security	NN
number	NN
for	IN
each	DT
student	NN
currently	RB
enrolled	VBD
or	CC
to	TO
be	VB
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
second	JJ
addition	NN
incorporates	VBZ
Policy	NNP
4350.1	CD
into	IN
Policy	NN
4350	CD
and	CC
thereby	RB
repeals	VBZ
Policy	NN
4350.1	CD
.	.
This	DT
section	NN
requires	VBZ
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
policy	NN
requiring	VBG
school	NN
principals	NNS
to	TO
release	VB
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
the	DT
names	NNS
and	CC
addresses	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
junior	NN
year	NN
to	TO
armed	JJ
services	NNS
recruiters	NNS
.	.
J.	NNP
D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
investigate	VB
the	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
moving	VBG
the	DT
October	NNP
meeting	NN
to	TO
accommodate	VB
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
's	POS
participation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
State	NNP
Boards	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
annual	JJ
conference	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
James	NNP
J.	NNP
MacCallum	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
approved	VBD
the	DT
agenda	NN
with	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
modifications	NNS
:	:
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Personnel	NNP
Item	NNP
located	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Consent	NNP
Agenda	NNP
be	VB
moved	VBN
to	TO
follow	VB
New	NNP
Business	NNP
;	:
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
update	VB
on	IN
the	DT
No	NNP
Child	NNP
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
Consolidated	NNP
State	NNP
Application	NNP
be	VB
added	VBN
to	TO
immediately	RB
precede	VB
the	DT
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
approved	VBD
an	DT
amendment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Morgan	NNP
County	NNP
CEFP	NNP
to	TO
provide	VB
for	IN
the	DT
purchase	NN
and	CC
installation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
24	CD
'	''
X	NNP
70	CD
'	''
portable	JJ
facility	NN
housing	NN
two	CD
classrooms	NNS
at	IN
Widmyer	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
The	DT
portable	JJ
facility	NN
is	VBZ
equipped	VBN
with	IN
restrooms	NNS
and	CC
meets	VBZ
ADA	NNP
requirements	NNS
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
,	,
Deputy	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
provided	VBD
a	DT
report	NN
regarding	VBG
a	DT
meeting	NN
with	IN
experts	NNS
on	IN
state	NN
testing	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
how	WRB
those	DT
programs	NNS
line	NN
up	RP
with	IN
the	DT
``	``
No	NNP
Child	NNP
Left	VBD
Behind	IN
Act	NNP
''	''
and	CC
presented	VBD
an	DT
amended	VBN
program	NN
proposal	NN
for	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Comprehensive	NNP
Assessment	NNP
program	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Karen	NNP
Huffman	NNP
presented	VBD
Policy	NNP
4373	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Extensive	JJ
revisions	NNS
have	VBP
required	VBN
a	DT
repeal	NN
and	CC
replacement	NN
of	IN
Policy	NNP
4373	CD
.	.
The	DT
new	JJ
policy	NN
sets	VBZ
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
conduct	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
schools	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
assure	VB
a	DT
nurturing	NN
and	CC
orderly	JJ
,	,
safe	JJ
,	,
drug-free	JJ
,	,
violence	NN
-	:
and	CC
harassment-free	JJ
learning	NN
environment	NN
that	WDT
supports	VBZ
students	NNS
academic	JJ
achievement	NN
and	CC
personal-social	JJ
development	NN
.	.
Lenore	NNP
Zedosky	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Healthy	JJ
Schools	NNS
,	,
presented	VBN
Policy	NNP
5902	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
This	DT
policy	NN
sets	VBZ
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
conduct	NN
of	IN
all	DT
employees	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
schools	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
assure	VB
a	DT
nurturing	NN
,	,
safe	JJ
and	CC
orderly	JJ
environment	NN
that	WDT
promotes	VBZ
respect	NN
and	CC
appropriate	JJ
conduct	NN
and	CC
protects	VBZ
students	NNS
and	CC
employees	NNS
from	IN
conditions	NNS
harmful	JJ
to	TO
learning	VBG
or	CC
to	TO
health	NN
and	CC
safety	NN
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
presented	VBD
Policy	NNP
2510	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Policy	NN
2510	CD
has	VBZ
been	VBN
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
twice	RB
during	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
six	CD
months	NNS
.	.
Major	JJ
changes	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
policy	NN
were	VBD
summarized	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Summary	NNP
attached	VBD
to	TO
each	DT
version	NN
of	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
.	.
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Standards	NNPS
Committee	NNP
be	VB
advised	VBN
of	IN
anticipated	VBN
changes	NNS
and	CC
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
be	VB
provided	VBN
an	DT
update	VBP
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
Policy	NNP
5050	CD
on	IN
a	DT
future	JJ
agenda	NN
.	.
G.	NNP
A.	NNP
McClung	NNP
presented	VBD
three	CD
new	JJ
content	JJ
specializations	NNS
from	IN
three	CD
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
-	:
Approval	NN
of	IN
Educational	NNP
Personnel	NNP
Programs	NNP
requires	VBZ
the	DT
Program	NN
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
meet	VB
each	DT
semester	NN
to	TO
review	VB
new	JJ
content	JJ
specializations	NNS
and	CC
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
for	IN
action	NN
.	.
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
School	NNP
Boards	NNPS
Association	NNP
requested	VBD
State	NNP
Board	NNP
approval	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
proposed	VBN
orientation	NN
session	NN
for	IN
newly	RB
elected	VBN
members	NNS
of	IN
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
The	DT
session	NN
is	VBZ
scheduled	VBN
for	IN
June	NNP
19-21	CD
in	IN
Flatwoods	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
the	DT
session	NN
may	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
attachment	NN
.	.
Mathias	NNP
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Mathias	NNP
introduced	VBD
county	NN
staff	NN
members	NNS
and	CC
teachers	NNS
in	IN
attendance	NN
.	.
Following	VBG
introductions	NNS
,	,
Romney	NNP
Elementary	NNP
school	NN
teachers	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
demonstrated	VBD
phonics	NNS
lessons	NNS
and	CC
Hampshire	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
's	POS
show	NN
choir	NN
,	,
``	``
Harmony	NN
,	,
''	''
entertained	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
with	IN
selections	NNS
from	IN
``	``
West	NNP
Side	NN
Story	NNP
.	.
''	''
Students	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
School	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Blind	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
their	PRP$
accomplishments	NNS
and	CC
demonstrated	VBD
technological	JJ
advancements	NNS
in	IN
printed	VBN
matter	NN
.	.
Following	VBG
the	DT
demonstration	NN
,	,
the	DT
``	``
Mountain	NNP
Melodies	NNPS
''	''
and	CC
``	``
Tapestry	NNP
''	''
entertained	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
with	IN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
musical	JJ
selections	NNS
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
,	,
Deputy	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
provided	VBD
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
promotional	JJ
initiatives	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
annual	JJ
report	NN
.	.
Assistance	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
sought	VBN
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
secured	VBN
to	TO
promote	VB
Board	NNP
initiatives	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
draft	NN
of	IN
the	DT
annual	JJ
report	NN
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
July	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
shared	VBD
a	DT
videotape	NN
of	IN
a	DT
visit	NN
he	PRP
enjoyed	VBD
at	IN
his	PRP$
office	NN
with	IN
kindergarten	NN
students	NNS
from	IN
Greenbrier	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
Following	VBG
this	DT
presentation	NN
Dr.	NNP
Cathy	NNP
Jones	NNP
,	,
Coordinator	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Instructional	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
distributed	VBN
a	DT
summary	NN
of	IN
S.B.	NNP
247	CD
and	CC
provided	VBD
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
early	JJ
childhood	NN
activities	NNS
and	CC
Project	NN
Even	RB
Start	VB
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
Mr.	NNP
Hayden	NNP
continue	VBP
to	TO
assist	VB
the	DT
Board	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
wrongful	JJ
conduct	NN
policies	NNS
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
shared	VBD
a	DT
comment	NN
she	PRP
recently	RB
received	VBD
from	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
Employee	NNP
Code	NNP
of	IN
Conduct	NNP
that	WDT
bullying	NN
by	IN
coaches	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
addressed	VBN
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
Policy	NN
2510	CD
and	CC
reviewed	VBN
changes	NNS
made	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
policy	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
comments	NNS
received	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
comment	NN
period	NN
.	.
The	DT
need	NN
for	IN
a	DT
uniform	JJ
grading	NN
system	NN
was	VBD
also	RB
discussed	VBN
and	CC
an	DT
item	NN
regarding	VBG
this	DT
issue	NN
will	MD
be	VB
brought	VBN
before	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
for	IN
further	JJ
discussion	NN
at	IN
its	PRP$
August	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
be	VB
listed	VBN
first	RB
and	CC
not	RB
second	JJ
to	TO
any	DT
other	JJ
entity	NN
throughout	IN
the	DT
document	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Luff	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
requested	VBN
changes	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
document	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
its	PRP$
submission	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Secretary	NNP
of	IN
State	NNP
's	POS
office	NN
and	CC
after	IN
action	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
on	IN
June	NNP
6	CD
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
called	VBD
the	DT
meeting	NN
back	RB
to	TO
order	NN
at	IN
7:29	CD
p.m.	NN
and	CC
discussion	NN
continued	VBD
regarding	VBG
the	DT
Student	NNP
Code	NNP
of	IN
Conduct	NNP
.	.
Upon	IN
conclusion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
staff	NN
asked	VBD
if	IN
corrected	VBN
copies	NNS
were	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
on	IN
June	NNP
6	CD
;	:
the	DT
answer	NN
was	VBD
no	DT
,	,
corrections	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
filing	NN
of	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Secretary	NNP
of	IN
State	NNP
's	POS
office	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Martha	NNP
Dean	NNP
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Wetzel	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
,	,
welcomed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
introduced	VBD
Wetzel	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
members	NNS
,	,
county	NN
personnel	NNS
and	CC
principals	NNS
in	IN
attendance	NN
,	,
and	CC
provided	VBD
a	DT
brief	JJ
overview	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
's	POS
accomplishments	NNS
.	.
Tinder	NNP
and	CC
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
provided	VBD
the	DT
following	JJ
clarification	NN
:	:
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
motion	NN
was	VBD
being	VBG
reconsidered	VBN
,	,
the	DT
original	JJ
motion	NN
was	VBD
voided	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
new	JJ
motion	NN
had	VBD
to	TO
reflect	VB
all	DT
actions	NNS
.	.
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
reported	VBD
that	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
keynote	NN
speaker	NN
at	IN
the	DT
annual	JJ
State	NN
Conference	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Parent	NNP
Teacher	NN
Association	NNP
held	VBD
on	IN
April	NNP
20	CD
,	,
2002	CD
,	,
in	IN
Huntington	NNP
.	.
Her	PRP$
address	NN
explained	VBD
the	DT
Seven	NNP
Refined	NNP
Goals	NNP
for	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
emphasized	VBD
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
parental	JJ
involvement	NN
in	IN
order	NN
for	IN
these	DT
goals	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
achieved	VBN
.	.
In	IN
October	NNP
and	CC
November	NNP
2001	CD
,	,
the	DT
WV	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
sponsored	VBD
six	CD
community	NN
forums	NNS
around	IN
the	DT
state	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
feasibility	NN
of	IN
developing	VBG
a	DT
statewide	JJ
arts	NNS
assessment	NN
.	.
These	DT
forums	NNS
,	,
funded	VBN
in	IN
part	NN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Endowment	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Arts	NNS
,	,
focused	VBD
on	IN
two	CD
questions	NNS
:	:
What	WP
currently	RB
used	VBN
assessment	NN
tools	NNS
in	IN
WV	NNP
arts	NNS
classes	NNS
are	VBP
successful	JJ
?	.
What	WP
ideas	NNS
,	,
questions	NNS
and	CC
concerns	NNS
are	VBP
facing	VBG
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
statewide	JJ
arts	NNS
assessment	NN
?	.
At	IN
each	DT
forum	NN
,	,
answers	NNS
to	TO
these	DT
discussed	VBN
questions	NNS
were	VBD
recorded	VBN
and	CC
survey	NN
forms	NNS
were	VBD
completed	VBN
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
,	,
Deputy	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
a	DT
uniform	JJ
grading	NN
policy	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Luff	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
South	NNP
Carolina	NNP
and	CC
Arkansas	NNP
have	VBP
uniform	JJ
grading	NN
policies	NNS
.	.
The	DT
promulgation	NN
of	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
policy	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
implementation	NN
would	MD
be	VB
for	IN
a	DT
future	JJ
graduating	NN
class	NN
.	.
A	DT
number	NN
of	IN
issues	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
weighted	JJ
grades	NNS
,	,
must	MD
be	VB
addressed	VBN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
promulgation	NN
of	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
rule	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
asked	VBD
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
and	CC
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
if	IN
they	PRP
wished	VBD
this	DT
portion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
be	VB
in	IN
open	JJ
or	CC
closed	JJ
session	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
's	POS
and	CC
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
's	POS
response	NN
that	IN
the	DT
session	NN
be	VB
closed	VBN
,	,
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
called	VBD
for	IN
a	DT
motion	NN
to	TO
move	VB
into	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
the	DT
evaluations	NNS
and	CC
legal\/personnel	NN
matters	NNS
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Howard	NNP
M.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
,	,
Jr.	NNP
,	,
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Sheila	NNP
M.	NNP
Hamilton	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
approved	VBD
the	DT
agenda	NN
with	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
modifications	NNS
:	:
remove	VB
from	IN
Old	NNP
Business	NNP
,	,
item	NN
E.	NNP
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
Manual	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
added	VBD
a	DT
recognition	NN
to	TO
follow	VB
the	DT
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
and	CC
moved	VBD
Item	NNP
F.	NNP
under	IN
Old	NNP
Business	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
first	JJ
order	NN
of	IN
business	NN
under	IN
Old	NNP
Business	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
provided	VBD
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
contacts	NNS
with	IN
NASBE	NNP
and	CC
activities	NNS
planned	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
during	IN
the	DT
July	NNP
work	NN
session	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
this	DT
activity	NN
may	MD
take	VB
the	DT
entire	JJ
day	NN
on	IN
Wednesday	NNP
and	CC
may	MD
require	VB
members	NNS
to	TO
travel	VB
to	TO
the	DT
site	NN
on	IN
Tuesday	NNP
.	.
Conduct	NNP
is	VBZ
unwieldy	JJ
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Huffman	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
two	CD
comments	NNS
she	PRP
has	VBZ
received	VBN
have	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
vein	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
praised	VBD
the	DT
policy	NN
and	CC
the	DT
staff	NN
who	WP
so	RB
diligently	RB
crafted	VBD
it	PRP
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
questioned	VBD
Dr.	NNP
Huffman	NNP
about	IN
the	DT
conceptual	JJ
concerns	NNS
she	PRP
had	VBD
issued	VBN
earlier	RBR
including	VBG
a	DT
concern	NN
that	IN
a	DT
section	NN
regarding	VBG
berating	NN
is	VBZ
missing	VBG
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
receive	VBP
the	DT
version	NN
currently	RB
on	IN
comment	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
a	DT
narrative	NN
that	WDT
responds	VBZ
to	TO
her	PRP$
comments	NNS
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
asked	VBD
the	DT
staff	NN
to	TO
consider	VB
including	VBG
a	DT
verification	NN
,	,
signed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
student	NN
and	CC
parent	NN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
school	NN
material	NN
that	WDT
must	MD
be	VB
returned	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
school\/county	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
reiterated	VBD
that	IN
these	DT
policies	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
appropriately	RB
,	,
accurately	RB
promoted	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
press	NN
and	CC
otherwise	RB
and	CC
that	DT
detailed	JJ
,	,
accurate	JJ
training	NN
must	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
accomplish	VB
the	DT
intent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
policies	NNS
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
schedule	NN
for	IN
implementation	NN
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
June	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
Policy	NNP
5902	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
The	DT
existing	VBG
Teacher	NN
Code	NNP
of	IN
Conduct	NNP
Policy	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
5902	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
has	VBZ
been	VBN
revised	VBN
to	TO
include	VB
all	DT
employees	NNS
.	.
The	DT
new	JJ
policy	NN
sets	VBZ
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
conduct	NN
of	IN
all	DT
employees	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
schools	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
assure	VB
a	DT
nurturing	NN
,	,
safe	JJ
and	CC
orderly	JJ
environment	NN
that	WDT
promotes	VBZ
respect	NN
and	CC
protects	VBZ
students	NNS
and	CC
employees	NNS
from	IN
conditions	NNS
harmful	JJ
to	TO
learning	VBG
or	CC
to	TO
health	NN
and	CC
safety	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
language	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Summary	NNP
be	VB
refined	VBN
as	IN
follows	VBZ
:	:
on	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
line	NN
,	,
add	VB
the	DT
words	NNS
``	``
healthy	JJ
and	CC
''	''
prior	RB
to	TO
``	``
productive	JJ
adulthood	NN
''	''
;	:
under	IN
Purpose	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
paragraph	NN
,	,
change	VB
the	DT
word	NN
``	``
administrations	NNS
''	''
to	TO
``	``
administrators	NNS
''	''
;	:
under	IN
Purpose	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
paragraph	NN
add	VB
the	DT
words	NNS
``	``
or	CC
among	IN
''	''
after	IN
the	DT
word	NN
``	``
between	IN
''	''
.	.
WVSSAC	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
The	DT
rules	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
amended	VBN
to	TO
keep	VB
abreast	RB
of	IN
changes	NNS
,	,
trends	NNS
and	CC
issues	NNS
in	IN
band	NN
and	CC
athletic	JJ
programs	NNS
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
regarding	VBG
potential	JJ
hot	JJ
topics	NNS
addressed	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
revised	VBN
rules	NNS
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Luff	NNP
stated	VBD
that	IN
Mike	NNP
Hayden	NNP
would	MD
be	VB
present	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
May	NNP
and	CC
June	NNP
meetings	NNS
to	TO
address	VB
questions	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
SSAC	NNP
rules	NNS
.	.
The	DT
CEFP	NNP
not	RB
contain	VBP
a	DT
provision	NN
for	IN
the	DT
relocation	NN
of	IN
Cabell	NNP
Alternative	NNP
School	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
former	JJ
site	NN
of	IN
Tyler	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
transfer	NN
of	IN
the	DT
pupils	NNS
and	CC
staff	NN
at	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
the	DT
2002-2003	JJ
school	NN
term	NN
and	CC
to	TO
relocate	VB
the	DT
Cabell	NNP
Alternative	NNP
School	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
former	JJ
Tyler	NNP
Elementary	NNP
site	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
approved	VBD
the	DT
following	JJ
seven	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
7	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
waiver	NN
requests	NNS
:	:
a	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
two	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
requests	NNS
for	IN
continuation	NN
of	IN
waivers	NNS
of	IN
State	NNP
Board	NNP
Policy	NN
;	:
b	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
requests	NNS
for	IN
continuation	NN
of	IN
instructional	JJ
material	NN
adoption	NN
;	:
and	CC
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
two	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
requests	NNS
for	IN
waivers	NNS
of	IN
instructional	JJ
material	NN
adoption	NN
.	.
G.	NNP
A.	NNP
McClung	NNP
provided	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
additional	JJ
information	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
criteria	NNS
utilized	VBD
to	TO
select	VB
the	DT
projects	NNS
for	IN
funding	NN
.	.
Three	CD
percent	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	CD
%	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
monies	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
School	NNP
Building	NNP
Authority	NNP
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
may	MD
be	VB
expended	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
for	IN
projects	NNS
upon	IN
application	NN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
for	IN
programs	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
under	IN
its	PRP$
jurisdiction	NN
.	.
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
provided	VBD
a	DT
report	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
evaluation	NN
forms	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
and	CC
Director	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
.	.
Additional	JJ
information	NN
was	VBD
received	VBN
from	IN
Howard	NNP
Persinger	NNP
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
shared	VBN
with	IN
all	DT
members	NNS
for	IN
possible	JJ
incorporation	NN
into	IN
next	JJ
year	NN
's	POS
forms	NNS
.	.
All	DT
members	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
forms	NNS
for	IN
completion	NN
and	CC
return	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
secretary	NN
by	IN
May	NNP
3	CD
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
nominations	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
2003	CD
NASBE	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
are	VBP
fast	JJ
approaching	VBG
and	CC
any	DT
member	NN
interested	JJ
in	IN
making	VBG
a	DT
nomination	NN
must	MD
notify	VB
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
secretary	NN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
so	IN
that	IN
an	DT
item	NN
can	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
May	NNP
agenda	NN
.	.
Working	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
coordinated	VBN
unit	NN
,	,
representatives	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
of	IN
these	DT
ten	CD
agencies	NNS
met	VBD
and	CC
developed	VBD
one	CD
professional	JJ
development	NN
plan	NN
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Staff	NNP
Development	NNP
Advisory	NNP
Council	NNP
approved	VBD
the	DT
plan	NN
for	IN
submission	NN
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
-	:
Approval	NN
of	IN
Educational	NNP
Personnel	NNP
Programs	NNP
requires	VBZ
the	DT
Program	NN
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
meet	VB
each	DT
semester	NN
to	TO
review	VB
new	JJ
content	JJ
specializations	NNS
and	CC
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
for	IN
action	NN
.	.
February	NNP
11	CD
,	,
2002	CD
.	.
Subsequent	JJ
to	TO
that	DT
comment	NN
period	NN
,	,
additional	JJ
revisions	NNS
,	,
as	IN
reflected	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
executive	NN
summary	NN
,	,
have	VBP
been	VBN
made	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
policy	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
sentence	NN
under	IN
rationale	NN
be	VB
modified	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
comment	NN
period	NN
to	TO
reflect	VB
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
state	NN
law	NN
,	,
requires	VBZ
school	NN
administrators	NNS
to	TO
enforce	VB
compulsory	JJ
school	NN
attendance	NN
and	CC
to	TO
provide	VB
an	DT
environment	NN
conducive	JJ
to	TO
and	CC
encouraging	VBG
of	IN
attendance	NN
.	.
Comprehensive	NNP
Educational	NNP
Facilities	NNP
Plans	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CEFPs	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
required	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
ten	CD
year	NN
cycle	NN
and	CC
decisions	NNS
are	VBP
made	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
level	NN
.	.
CEFPs	NNS
are	VBP
reviewed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
and	CC
,	,
if	IN
proper	JJ
procedures	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
followed	VBN
,	,
CEFPs	NNP
and	CC
amendments	NNS
thereto	RB
are	VBP
presented	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
regarding	VBG
the	DT
closure	NN
process	NN
and	CC
procedures	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
undertaken	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
and	CC
state	NN
levels	NNS
.	.
Counsel	NNP
advised	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
that	WDT
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
both	DT
law	NN
and	CC
policy	NN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
function	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
to	TO
approve	VB
or	CC
disapprove	VB
CEFPs	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
amendments	NNS
to	TO
same	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
based	VBN
on	IN
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
proper	JJ
procedures	NNS
were	VBD
followed	VBN
and	CC
due	JJ
process	NN
allowed	VBN
.	.
John	NNP
Hough	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Assistant	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
distributed	VBN
information	NN
regarding	VBG
action	NN
taken	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
2002	CD
legislative	JJ
session	NN
that	WDT
impacted	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
.	.
A	DT
meeting	NN
will	MD
take	VB
place	NN
Tuesday	NNP
,	,
April	NNP
23	CD
,	,
with	IN
all	DT
county	NN
superintendents	NNS
and	CC
RESA	NNP
executive	JJ
directors	NNS
to	TO
inform	VB
them	PRP
of	IN
legislative	JJ
action	NN
.	.
A	DT
number	NN
of	IN
policies	NNS
,	,
both	DT
old	JJ
and	CC
new	JJ
,	,
will	MD
be	VB
coming	VBG
before	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
for	IN
action	NN
in	IN
the	DT
coming	JJ
months	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Johnston	NNP
contact	NN
the	DT
Department	NNP
for	IN
an	DT
introduction	NN
to	TO
the	DT
safe	JJ
and	CC
drug	NN
free	JJ
contacts	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
state	NN
and	CC
for	IN
an	DT
exchange	NN
of	IN
information	NN
and	CC
ideas	NNS
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
would	MD
be	VB
pleased	VBN
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
law	NN
enforcement	NN
in	IN
protecting	VBG
the	DT
health	NN
and	CC
welfare	NN
of	IN
children	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
,	,
locally	RB
identified	VBN
needs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
school	NN
performance	NN
data	NNS
.	.
The	DT
plan	NN
specifies	VBZ
strategies	NNS
for	IN
meeting	NN
high	JJ
quality	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
performance	NN
measures	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
met	VBN
.	.
The	DT
updated	VBN
plan	NN
must	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
'	POS
staff	NN
and	CC
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
staff	NN
coordinated	VBD
a	DT
review	NN
of	IN
the	DT
55	CD
Unified	NNP
County	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
.	.
The	DT
plans	NNS
were	VBD
reviewed	VBN
to	TO
determine	VB
that	IN
the	DT
required	JJ
components	NNS
were	VBD
included	VBN
and	CC
addressed	VBN
any	DT
performance	NN
or	CC
process	NN
deficiencies	NNS
.	.
School	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
closure	NN
of	IN
Northfork	NNP
Middle	NNP
and	CC
Welch	NNP
Middle	NNP
Schools	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
transfer	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
to	TO
Mt.	NNP
View	NNP
Middle\/High	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
Mr.	NNP
McClung	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
has	VBZ
met	VBN
all	DT
statutes	NNS
,	,
policies	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
pertaining	VBG
to	TO
school	NN
closures	NNS
and	CC
re-configuration	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
decided	VBN
that	IN
action	NN
regarding	VBG
Policy	NN
2510	CD
would	MD
be	VB
delayed	VBN
pending	VBG
legislative	JJ
action	NN
and	CC
further	JJ
action	NN
pertaining	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
promotional	JJ
efforts	NNS
regarding	VBG
this	DT
policy	NN
would	MD
be	VB
at	IN
the	DT
discretion	NN
of	IN
Ronald	NNP
B.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
and	CC
Dr.	NNP
Hough	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
also	RB
requested	VBD
that	IN
any	DT
member	NN
interested	JJ
in	IN
attending	VBG
a	DT
NASBE	NNP
roundtable	NN
entitled	VBN
``	``
Helmets	NNPS
,	,
Homicide	NNP
and	CC
Heartache	NNP
:	:
Preventing	VBG
Injury	NNP
and	CC
Fatalities	NNS
in	IN
Adolescence	NNP
``	``
to	TO
please	VB
notify	VB
her	PRP
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
writing	VBG
,	,
grammar	NN
and	CC
wrongful	JJ
conduct	NN
policies	NNS
be	VB
included	VBN
as	IN
agenda	NN
items	NNS
for	IN
April	NNP
and	CC
requested	VBD
members	NNS
to	TO
contact	VB
her	PRP
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
with	IN
other	JJ
suggested	JJ
items	NNS
.	.
Barbara	NNP
Fish	NN
requested	VBD
clarification	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
requested	VBN
amendment	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
McClung	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
met	VBD
all	DT
statutes	NNS
,	,
policies	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
pertaining	VBG
to	TO
school	NN
closure	NN
,	,
consolidation	NN
and	CC
re-configuration	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Luff	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
staff	NN
responsible	JJ
for	IN
administering	VBG
the	DT
Promise	NNP
Scholarship	NN
program	NN
has	VBZ
encountered	VBN
no	DT
problems	NNS
in	IN
determining	VBG
eligibility	NN
and	CC
he	PRP
recommended	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
uniform	JJ
statewide	JJ
grading	NN
scale	NN
not	RB
be	VB
developed	VBN
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
presented	VBD
Policy	NNP
3233	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
Policy	NNP
3233	CD
governs	VBZ
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
regional	JJ
education	NN
service	NN
agencies	NNS
and	CC
was	VBD
last	JJ
amended	VBN
in	IN
2000	CD
.	.
The	DT
revised	VBN
policy	NN
would	MD
eliminate	VB
the	DT
requirement	NN
that	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
RESA	NNP
directors\/chairs	VBZ
automatically	RB
meet	VB
twice	RB
per	IN
year	NN
in	IN
favor	NN
of	IN
a	DT
requirement	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
meet	VBP
whenever	WRB
an	DT
agenda	NN
would	MD
be	VB
mutually	RB
beneficial	JJ
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
was	VBD
placed	VBN
on	IN
comment	NN
until	IN
December	NNP
28	CD
,	,
2001	CD
and	CC
no	DT
comments	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
presented	VBD
the	DT
Standards	NNP
for	IN
return	NN
of	IN
control	NN
to	TO
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
consideration	NN
.	.
For	IN
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
three	CD
previous	JJ
interventions	NNS
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
into	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
county	NN
school	NN
system	NN
,	,
the	DT
Department	NNP
has	VBZ
prepared	VBN
and	CC
recommended	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
``	``
Standards	NNP
''	''
that	IN
the	DT
county	NN
system	NN
must	MD
meet	VB
prior	RB
to	TO
return	VB
of	IN
local	JJ
control	NN
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
The	DT
attachment	NN
contains	VBZ
the	DT
recommended	VBN
Standards	NNP
that	WDT
must	MD
be	VB
met	VBN
in	IN
order	NN
for	IN
control	NN
of	IN
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
to	TO
be	VB
returned	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Standards	NNPS
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
remedy	VB
the	DT
deficiencies	NNS
identified	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
November	NNP
2001	CD
on-site	JJ
review	NN
report	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
.	.
Howard	NNP
M.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
,	,
Jr.	NNP
,	,
via	IN
teleconference	NN
,	,
and	CC
Sandra	NNP
M.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
distributed	VBN
a	DT
proposed	VBN
policy	NN
statement	NN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
wrongful	JJ
conduct	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
discussed	VBD
the	DT
difference	NN
between	IN
policy	NN
and	CC
rules	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
regarding	VBG
what	WP
constitutes	VBZ
a	DT
policy	NN
vis-a-vis	JJ
rules	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
volunteers	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
with	IN
the	DT
planning	NN
and	CC
contact	NN
with	IN
counties	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
upcoming	JJ
visits	NNS
.	.
Mr.	NNP
MacCallum	NNP
volunteered	VBD
his	PRP$
assistance	NN
to	TO
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
.	.
Additional	JJ
discussion	NN
of	IN
travel	NN
and	CC
of	IN
communications	NNS
generally	RB
was	VBD
deferred	VBN
.	.
Language	NNP
Department	NNP
at	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Mary	NNP
Ann	NNP
Ferris	NNP
,	,
a	DT
retired	JJ
French	JJ
teacher	NN
,	,
who	WP
appeared	VBD
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Foreign	NNP
Language	NNP
Teachers	NNPS
Association	NNP
.	.
Professor	NNP
Schlunk	NNP
and	CC
Ms.	NNP
Ferris	NNP
distributed	VBN
information	NN
and	CC
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
intent	NN
and	CC
implementation	NN
of	IN
Policy	NNP
2510	CD
and	CC
the	DT
recruitment	NN
and	CC
retention	NN
of	IN
foreign	JJ
language	NN
teachers	NNS
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
,	,
Deputy	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
provided	VBD
an	DT
update	VB
on	IN
legislative	JJ
action	NN
and	CC
policy	NN
considerations	NNS
regarding	VBG
instructional	JJ
time	NN
and	CC
instructional	JJ
days	NNS
.	.
Following	VBG
a	DT
lengthy	JJ
discussion	NN
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
agreed	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
March	NNP
work	NN
session	NN
would	MD
be	VB
devoted	VBN
to	TO
Policy	NNP
2510	CD
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
,	,
General	NNP
Counsel	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
Department	NNP
,	,
was	VBD
requested	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
report	NN
including	VBG
an	DT
updated	VBN
instructional	JJ
time	NN
chart	NN
for	IN
the	DT
March	NNP
work	NN
session	NN
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Grizzell	NNP
provided	VBD
a	DT
presentation	NN
detailing	VBG
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
's	POS
progress	NN
in	IN
meeting	VBG
the	DT
standards	NNS
as	IN
set	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
areas	NNS
:	:
curriculum	NN
and	CC
instruction	NN
,	,
finance	NN
,	,
facilities	NNS
,	,
administrative	JJ
,	,
staff	NN
development	NN
,	,
personnel	NNS
,	,
student	NN
and	CC
school	NN
performance	NN
,	,
and	CC
safe	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
County	NNP
boards	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
any	DT
school	NN
issued	VBD
seriously	RB
impaired	VBN
accreditation	NN
status	NN
revise	VB
its	PRP$
Unified	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plan	NNP
to	TO
increase	VB
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
a	DT
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
level	NN
.	.
The	DT
revised	VBN
plan	NN
must	MD
include	VB
objectives	NNS
,	,
a	DT
time	NN
line	NN
,	,
an	DT
evaluation	NN
component	NN
,	,
cost	NN
estimates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
date	NN
certain	JJ
for	IN
achieving	VBG
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
.	.
This	DT
plan	NN
must	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
Two	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
schools	NNS
performing	VBG
within	IN
the	DT
seriously	RB
impaired	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
submitted	VBD
revised	VBN
Unified	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
.	.
Staff	NNP
reviewed	VBD
the	DT
plans	NNS
to	TO
determine	VB
that	IN
the	DT
required	JJ
elements	NNS
were	VBD
included	VBN
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
performance	NN
deficiencies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
date	NN
certain	JJ
was	VBD
realistic	JJ
for	IN
achieving	VBG
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
.	.
Policy	NN
5500.03	CD
,	,
Qualities	NNS
,	,
Proficiencies	NNP
and	CC
Leadership	NNP
Skills	NNS
for	IN
Principals	NNS
,	,
require	VBP
that	IN
every	DT
principal	NN
complete	VB
a	DT
training	NN
program	NN
through	IN
the	DT
Principal	NN
Leadership	NNP
Academy	NNP
at	IN
least	JJS
once	RB
every	DT
four	CD
years	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Code	NNP
and	CC
policy	NN
specify	VB
guidelines	NNS
for	IN
admission	NN
to	TO
the	DT
academy	NN
.	.
Danny	NNP
Kaser	NNP
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
Hancock	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
,	,
also	RB
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
indicated	VBD
that	IN
both	DT
closures	NNS
are	VBP
contained	VBN
in	IN
Hancock	NNP
County	NNP
's	POS
Comprehensive	NNP
Educational	NNP
Facilities	NNP
Plan	NNP
and	CC
are	VBP
necessary	JJ
due	JJ
to	TO
decreased	VBN
student	NN
enrollment	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
conclusion	NN
of	IN
remarks	NNS
concerning	VBG
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
curriculum	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
first	JJ
order	NN
of	IN
business	NN
and	CC
while	IN
assessment	NN
of	IN
school	NN
facilities	NNS
is	VBZ
taking	VBG
place	NN
,	,
school	NN
closures\/consolidations	NNS
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
decided	VBN
and	CC
will	MD
only	RB
occur	VB
upon	IN
the	DT
proper	JJ
amendment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
CEFP	NNP
.	.
Mezzatesta	NNP
,	,
Chair	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
House	NNP
Education	NNP
Committee	NNP
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
Policy	NN
2510	CD
and	CC
the	DT
proposed	VBN
elimination	NN
of	IN
banked	VBN
time	NN
.	.
He	PRP
also	RB
discussed	VBD
several	JJ
bills	NNS
likely	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
introduced	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
upcoming	JJ
legislative	JJ
session	NN
,	,
including	VBG
one	CD
dealing	VBG
with	IN
RESAs	NNS
and	CC
another	DT
dealing	VBG
with	IN
staff	NN
development	NN
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
,	,
General	NNP
Counsel	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
,	,
summarized	VBN
a	DT
request	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Hampshire	NNP
County	NNP
Development	NNP
Authority	NNP
to	TO
lease	VB
certain	JJ
real	JJ
estate	NN
situate	VB
in	IN
Hampshire	NNP
County	NNP
and	CC
owned	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
presented	VBD
Policy	NNP
1241	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
approval	NN
.	.
This	DT
procedural	JJ
rule	NN
implements	VBZ
the	DT
required	JJ
format	NN
,	,
adds	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
citations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
allows	VBZ
flexibility	NN
for	IN
the	DT
starting	JJ
time	NN
of	IN
meetings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
comment	NN
period	NN
ended	VBN
on	IN
December	NNP
11	CD
,	,
2001	CD
and	CC
no	DT
comments	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
presented	VBD
Policy	NNP
1242	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
approval	NN
.	.
This	DT
procedural	JJ
rule	NN
updates	NNS
the	DT
legal	JJ
citations	NNS
and	CC
provides	VBZ
greater	JJR
flexibility	NN
in	IN
the	DT
length	NN
of	IN
time	NN
policies	NNS
are	VBP
placed	VBN
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
.	.
The	DT
comment	NN
period	NN
ended	VBN
on	IN
December	NNP
11	CD
,	,
2001	CD
and	CC
no	DT
comments	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
.	.
County	NNP
boards	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
any	DT
school	NN
issued	VBN
temporary	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
revise	VB
its	PRP$
Unified	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plan	NNP
to	TO
increase	VB
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
a	DT
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
level	NN
.	.
The	DT
revised	VBN
plan	NN
must	MD
include	VB
objectives	NNS
,	,
a	DT
time	NN
line	NN
,	,
an	DT
evaluation	NN
component	NN
,	,
cost	NN
estimates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
date	NN
certain	JJ
for	IN
achieving	VBG
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
.	.
This	DT
plan	NN
must	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
Seventy-one	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
71	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
schools	NNS
performing	VBG
within	IN
the	DT
temporary	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
and	CC
seriously	RB
impaired	JJ
status	NN
submitted	VBD
revised	VBN
Unified	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
.	.
Staff	NNP
reviewed	VBD
the	DT
plans	NNS
to	TO
determine	VB
that	IN
the	DT
required	JJ
elements	NNS
were	VBD
included	VBN
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
performance	NN
deficiencies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
date	NN
certain	JJ
was	VBD
realistic	JJ
for	IN
achieving	VBG
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
.	.
Attachment	NN
I	PRP
summarizes	VBZ
the	DT
elements	NNS
of	IN
individual	JJ
Unified	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNS
that	WDT
were	VBD
reviewed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
annually	RB
rates	NNS
both	DT
schools	NNS
and	CC
school	NN
systems	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
information	NN
reviewed	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
system	NN
of	IN
education	NN
performance	NN
audits	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Donna	NNP
Davis	NNP
distributed	VBD
a	DT
corrected	VBN
copy	NN
and	CC
provided	VBD
an	DT
overview	NN
of	IN
the	DT
report	NN
.	.
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
indicated	VBD
that	IN
she	PRP
wanted	VBD
the	DT
minutes	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
amended	VBN
to	TO
reflect	VB
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
abstained	VBD
from	IN
voting	VBG
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
NASBE	NNP
ballot	NN
as	IN
there	EX
was	VBD
no	DT
consensus	NN
by	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
Public	NNP
Policy	NNP
Positions	NNPS
and	CC
as	IN
such	JJ
the	DT
ballot	NN
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
submitted	VBN
to	TO
NASBE	NNP
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
questioned	VBD
the	DT
minutes	NNS
generally	RB
as	IN
the	DT
November	NNP
minutes	NNS
were	VBD
presented	VBN
as	IN
one	CD
meeting	NN
covering	VBG
two	CD
days	NNS
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
asked	VBD
whether	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
quorum	NN
were	VBD
being	VBG
met	VBN
and	CC
whether	IN
there	EX
should	MD
be	VB
two	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
sets	NNS
of	IN
minutes	NNS
;	:
one	CD
for	IN
day	NN
one	CD
and	CC
one	CD
for	IN
day	NN
two	CD
.	.
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
received	VBD
a	DT
five-year	JJ
,	,
10.4	CD
million	CD
dollar	NN
grant	NN
to	TO
improve	VB
the	DT
college-going	JJ
rate	NN
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
GEAR	NNP
UP	RP
initiative	NN
has	VBZ
focused	VBN
on	IN
35	CD
middle	JJ
and	CC
high	JJ
schools	NNS
in	IN
eight	CD
rural	JJ
counties	NNS
,	,
connecting	VBG
those	DT
schools	NNS
with	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
institutions	NNS
and	CC
local	JJ
,	,
regional	JJ
and	CC
state	NN
partners	NNS
to	TO
bring	VB
about	RB
substantive	JJ
improvement	NN
in	IN
student	NN
preparedness	NN
and	CC
participation	NN
in	IN
college	NN
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
annually	RB
establishes	VBZ
goals	NNS
for	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
period	NN
from	IN
June	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2002	CD
-	:
May	NNP
31	CD
,	,
2003	CD
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
establishes	VBZ
the	DT
eight	CD
goals	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
accompanying	VBG
objectives	NNS
cited	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
attachment	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
anticipates	VBZ
an	DT
evaluation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
plans	NNS
submitted	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
the	DT
eight	CD
Regional	NNP
Education	NNP
Service	NNP
Agencies	NNPS
and	CC
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
no	RB
later	RB
than	IN
August	NNP
31	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
This	DT
evaluation	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
reflect	VB
whether	IN
the	DT
``	``
anticipated	JJ
result	NN
''	''
of	IN
each	DT
objective	NN
was	VBD
accomplished	VBN
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
,	,
Deputy	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
presented	VBD
Policy	NN
5203	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
approval	NN
for	IN
placement	NN
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
approved	VBD
placing	VBG
this	DT
policy	NN
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
at	IN
the	DT
October	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
Inadvertently	RB
,	,
the	DT
wrong	JJ
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
was	VBD
filed	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
Secretary	NNP
of	IN
State	NNP
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
the	DT
policy	NN
must	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
comment	NN
again	RB
in	IN
order	NN
for	IN
the	DT
public	NN
to	TO
have	VB
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
comment	VB
on	IN
the	DT
correct	JJ
version	NN
.	.
Steve	NNP
McBride	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Instructional	NNP
Materials	NNPS
,	,
provided	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
with	IN
the	DT
recommendations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
improvement	NN
consultant	NN
teams	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
five	CD
schools	NNS
identified	VBN
as	IN
Seriously	RB
Impaired	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
August	NNP
2001	CD
meeting	NN
.	.
Policy	NN
2320	CD
states	NNS
:	:
``	``
Whenever	NNP
a	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
Seriously	RB
Impaired	VBN
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
shall	MD
appoint	VB
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
improvement	NN
consultants	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
within	IN
sixty	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
appointment	NN
for	IN
correcting	VBG
the	DT
impairment	NN
.	.
''	''
During	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
October	NNP
2001	CD
meeting	NN
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
appointed	VBN
improvement	NN
consultant	NN
teams	NNS
to	TO
write	VB
recommendations	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
five	CD
schools	NNS
that	WDT
had	VBD
been	VBN
designated	VBN
as	IN
Seriously	RB
Impaired	VBN
.	.
Deborah	NNP
Brown	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Instructional	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
presented	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
with	IN
the	DT
objectives	NNS
and	CC
performance	NN
descriptors	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
10th	JJ
grade	NN
mathematics	NNS
assessment	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
satisfy	VB
federal	JJ
Title	NN
I	PRP
requirements	NNS
.	.
This	DT
information	NN
will	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
successful	JJ
bidder	NN
on	IN
the	DT
assessment	NN
request	NN
for	IN
proposals	NNS
so	IN
that	IN
work	NN
can	MD
begin	VB
on	IN
developing	VBG
the	DT
10th	JJ
grade	NN
assessment	NN
in	IN
January	NNP
2002	CD
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
,	,
Deputy	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
presented	VBD
Policy	NN
2510	CD
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
for	IN
action	NN
.	.
Policy	NN
2510	CD
is	VBZ
the	DT
major	JJ
State	NNP
Board	NNP
policy	NN
that	WDT
determines	VBZ
how	WRB
schools	NNS
are	VBP
organized	VBN
for	IN
instruction	NN
,	,
what	WP
curriculum	NN
must	MD
be	VB
offered	VBN
to	TO
students	NNS
,	,
and	CC
instructional	JJ
and	CC
administrative	JJ
practices	NNS
needed	VBN
to	TO
effectively	RB
deliver	VB
that	DT
curriculum	NN
.	.
This	DT
policy	NN
was	VBD
discussed	VBN
at	IN
length	NN
during	IN
the	DT
work	NN
session	NN
that	WDT
occurred	VBD
on	IN
December	NNP
12	CD
,	,
2001	CD
.	.
Jackson	NNP
.	.
The	DT
author	NN
or	CC
editor	NN
of	IN
over	IN
twenty	CD
books	NNS
,	,
he	PRP
has	VBZ
received	VBN
every	DT
major	JJ
honor	NN
given	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
Civil	NNP
War	NNP
history	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Robertson	NNP
is	VBZ
Alumni	NNP
Distinguished	NNP
Professor	NNP
at	IN
Virginia	NNP
Polytechnic	NNP
Institute	NNP
.	.
War	NNP
.	.
''	''
The	DT
forty-minute	JJ
program	NN
tells	VBZ
the	DT
story	NN
of	IN
the	DT
creation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Mountain	NNP
State	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
midst	NN
of	IN
America	NNP
's	POS
bloodiest	JJS
war	NN
.	.
The	DT
support	NN
and	CC
generosity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Hugh	NNP
I.	NNP
Shott	NNP
,	,
Jr.	NNP
.	.
Foundation	NNP
in	IN
Bluefield	NNP
made	VBD
the	DT
video	NN
project	NN
possible	JJ
.	.
December	NNP
12	CD
meeting	NN
,	,
several	JJ
technical	JJ
changes	NNS
had	VBD
been	VBN
suggested	VBN
to	TO
Policy	NNP
2510	CD
;	:
however	RB
,	,
when	WRB
the	DT
motion	NN
was	VBD
stated	VBN
to	TO
place	VB
the	DT
policy	NN
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
,	,
it	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
include	VB
the	DT
changes	NNS
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
.	.
Following	VBG
brief	JJ
discussion	NN
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
consensus	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
that	IN
Policy	NNP
2510	CD
would	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
comment	NN
as	IN
presented	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
during	IN
at	IN
the	DT
December	NNP
12	CD
work	NN
session	NN
.	.
Following	VBG
the	DT
vote	NN
,	,
discussion	NN
ensued	VBD
regarding	VBG
the	DT
consolidation	NN
of	IN
all	DT
policies	NNS
dealing	VBG
with	IN
harassment	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
consensus	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
that	WDT
work	VBP
should	MD
continue	VB
on	IN
policy	NN
consolidation	NN
and	CC
Ms.	NNP
Tinder	NNP
was	VBD
directed	VBN
to	TO
prepare	VB
forthwith	JJ
revisions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
latest	JJS
version	NN
of	IN
the	DT
consolidated	JJ
policy	NN
.	.
G.	NNP
A.	NNP
McClung	NNP
,	,
Assistant	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
Division	NNP
of	IN
Administrative	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
presented	VBD
the	DT
three	CD
proposed	VBN
content	JJ
specializations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
for	IN
action	NN
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
requires	VBZ
the	DT
Program	NN
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
meet	VB
each	DT
semester	NN
to	TO
review	VB
new	JJ
content	JJ
specializations	NNS
and	CC
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
for	IN
action	NN
.	.
The	DT
Program	NNP
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
met	VBD
on	IN
December	NNP
3	CD
,	,
2001	CD
and	CC
requested	VBD
Board	NNP
approval	NN
for	IN
three	CD
new	JJ
proposed	VBN
programs	NNS
.	.
Department	NNP
of	IN
Military	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
and	CC
Public	NNP
Safety	NNP
,	,
spoke	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
anti-terrorism	JJ
bill	NN
that	WDT
became	VBD
effective	JJ
at	IN
passage	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Coleman	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
Military	NNP
Affairs	NNP
is	VBZ
interested	JJ
in	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
information	NN
contained	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
bill	NN
available	JJ
throughout	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
,	,
Deputy	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
provided	VBD
a	DT
video	NN
presentation	NN
report	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Tomblin	NNP
v.	CC
Gainer	NNP
Testing	NNP
Committee	NNP
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
accountability	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Luff	NNP
also	RB
distributed	VBD
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
video	NN
presentation	NN
which	WDT
dealt	VBD
with	IN
early	JJ
decisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
committee	NN
;	:
performance	NN
goals	NNS
;	:
accountability	NN
for	IN
grades	NNS
K	NNP
through	IN
10	CD
;	:
accountability	NN
for	IN
results	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
alternate	JJ
assessment	NN
;	:
other	JJ
accountability	NN
areas	NNS
;	:
unacceptable	JJ
performance	NN
level	NN
;	:
time	NN
line	NN
for	IN
implementing	VBG
new	JJ
accountability	NN
system	NN
;	:
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
for	IN
low	JJ
performing	VBG
schools	NNS
;	:
and	CC
issues	NNS
yet	RB
to	TO
be	VB
decided	VBN
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
questioned	VBD
whether	IN
grammar	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
proper	JJ
speech	NN
had	VBD
been	VBN
adequately	RB
addressed	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
document	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
also	RB
indicated	VBD
there	EX
were	VBD
several	JJ
stylistics	NNS
changes	NNS
she	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
considered	VBN
and	CC
submitted	VBN
same	JJ
to	TO
Mr.	NNP
Luff	NNP
for	IN
revision	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
discussed	VBD
an	DT
issue	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
Title	NN
I	PRP
and	CC
indicated	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
letter	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
crafted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
USDE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
indicating	VBG
that	IN
we	PRP
are	VBP
ready	JJ
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
a	DT
compliance	NN
agreement	NN
.	.
Legal	JJ
notice	NN
will	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
newspapers	NNS
regarding	VBG
a	DT
public	JJ
hearing	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
take	VB
place	NN
with	IN
USDE	NNP
and	CC
state	NN
staff	NN
in	IN
attendance	NN
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
open	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
Kenna	NNP
R.	NNP
Seal	NNP
,	,
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
,	,
reviewed	VBD
the	DT
intent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
legislation	NN
in	IN
HB	NNP
2934	CD
and	CC
recommendations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
committee	NN
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
Policy	NNP
2320	CD
.	.
The	DT
recommendations	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
under	IN
Attachment	NNP
J	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
December	NNP
13	CD
agenda	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
proceeded	VBD
with	IN
a	DT
page	NN
by	IN
page	NN
review	NN
of	IN
changes	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
policy	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
concern	NN
had	VBD
been	VBN
addressed	VBN
to	TO
her	PRP$
that	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
,	,
as	IN
currently	RB
written	VBN
,	,
causes	VBZ
counties	NNS
to	TO
fabricate	VB
the	DT
truth	NN
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
attendance	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
he	PRP
felt	VBD
this	DT
was	VBD
a	DT
non-issue	JJ
and	CC
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
very	RB
serious	JJ
infraction	NN
but	CC
agreed	VBD
previously	RB
to	TO
investigate	VB
.	.
Tomorrow	NN
's	POS
action	NN
regarding	VBG
Policy	NN
2320	CD
is	VBZ
to	TO
receive	VB
the	DT
report	NN
of	IN
the	DT
committee	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
anticipate	VB
any	DT
action	NN
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
revising	VBG
Policy	NN
2320	CD
until	IN
Policy	NN
2510	CD
is	VBZ
adopted	VBN
.	.
Comments	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
policy	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
submitted	VBN
to	TO
Dr.	NNP
Seal	NNP
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
,	,
General	NNP
Counsel	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Department	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
discussed	VBD
Policy	NN
2430	CD
and	CC
in-house	JJ
comments	NNS
received	VBN
.	.
Following	VBG
a	DT
lengthy	JJ
discussion	NN
,	,
Ms.	NNP
Tinder	NNP
was	VBD
directed	VBN
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
technical	JJ
changes	NNS
,	,
suggested	VBN
by	IN
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
,	,
Mr.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
and	CC
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
,	,
and	CC
bring	VB
the	DT
revised	VBN
policy	NN
before	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
on	IN
December	NNP
13	CD
for	IN
action	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
also	RB
indicated	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
press	NN
release	NN
was	VBD
needed	VBN
regarding	VBG
this	DT
policy	NN
.	.
Following	VBG
discussion	NN
of	IN
marketing	NN
techniques	NNS
,	,
Ms.	NNP
Emswiler	NNP
was	VBD
asked	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
Board	NNP
members	NNS
several	JJ
past	JJ
issues	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Ed	NNP
publication	NN
so	IN
that	IN
its	PRP$
content	NN
,	,
distribution	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
,	,
can	MD
be	VB
evaluated	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
OEPA	NNP
that	IN
the	DT
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
be	VB
issued	VBN
nonapproval	JJ
status	NN
and	CC
that	IN
extraordinary	JJ
circumstances	NNS
exist	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
that	WDT
constitute	VBP
major	JJ
impediments	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
provision	NN
of	IN
education	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
further	JJ
recommended	VBD
that	IN
since	IN
these	DT
extraordinary	JJ
circumstances	NNS
had	VBD
been	VBN
documented	VBN
and	CC
currently	RB
exist	VBP
,	,
delaying	VBG
intervention	NN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
into	IN
the	DT
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
schools	NNS
for	IN
any	DT
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
in	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
interests	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
The	DT
terrorist	JJ
attacks	NNS
of	IN
September	NNP
11	CD
,	,
2001	CD
,	,
have	VBP
left	VBN
an	DT
indelible	JJ
mark	NN
on	IN
this	DT
great	JJ
country	NN
,	,
and	CC
most	JJS
certainly	RB
,	,
on	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
None	NN
of	IN
us	PRP
will	MD
every	DT
forget	VB
where	WRB
we	PRP
were	VBD
when	WRB
the	DT
senseless	JJ
,	,
cowardly	JJ
crimes	NNS
were	VBD
committed	VBN
against	IN
our	PRP$
nation	NN
.	.
Since	IN
then	RB
,	,
the	DT
grief	NN
process	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
both	DT
personal	JJ
and	CC
national	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
grieve	VBP
for	IN
the	DT
many	JJ
brave	VBP
Americans	NNPS
who	WP
lost	VBD
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
and	CC
we	PRP
grieve	VBP
for	IN
the	DT
families	NNS
and	CC
friends	NNS
who	WP
lost	VBD
their	PRP$
loved	VBN
ones	NNS
.	.
But	CC
in	IN
addition	NN
,	,
we	PRP
mourn	VBP
a	DT
loss	NN
of	IN
innocence	NN
.	.
We	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
nation	NN
recognize	VBP
that	IN
our	PRP$
way	NN
of	IN
life	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
forever	RB
changed	VBN
.	.
And	CC
we	PRP
must	MD
now	RB
live	VB
in	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
world	NN
,	,
with	IN
a	DT
different	JJ
stage	NN
and	CC
an	DT
unfamiliar	JJ
script	NN
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
is	VBZ
committed	VBN
to	TO
reinforcing	VBG
and	CC
maintaining	VBG
a	DT
foundation	NN
of	IN
respect	NN
and	CC
responsibility	NN
for	IN
our	PRP$
young	JJ
people	NNS
.	.
And	CC
out	IN
of	IN
this	DT
tragic	JJ
loss	NN
,	,
we	PRP
will	MD
work	VB
to	TO
capture	VB
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
improve	VB
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
We	PRP
must	MD
do	VB
so	RB
for	IN
our	PRP$
children	NNS
...	:
and	CC
our	PRP$
children	NNS
's	POS
children	NNS
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
issued	VBD
a	DT
statement	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
quality	NN
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
being	VBG
provided	VBN
to	TO
low-performing	JJ
schools	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
goal	NN
of	IN
preventing	VBG
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
future	JJ
Board	NNP
interventions	NNS
.	.
James	NNP
J.	NNP
MacCallum	NNP
reflected	VBD
on	IN
to	TO
the	DT
historical	JJ
,	,
statutory	JJ
,	,
and	CC
constitutional	JJ
authority	NN
that	WDT
allows	VBZ
the	DT
Board	NNP
to	TO
take	VB
these	DT
actions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
requested	VBD
approval	NN
of	IN
an	DT
amendment	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
CEFP	NNP
to	TO
reflect	VB
the	DT
following	VBG
needed	VBN
renovations	NNS
and	CC
equipment	NN
replacements	NNS
at	IN
schools	NNS
scheduled	VBN
to	TO
remain	VB
open	JJ
after	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
high	JJ
school	NN
is	VBZ
completed	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
anticipated	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
projects	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
funded	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Federal	NNP
Renovations	NNP
Grant	NNP
submitted	VBD
September	NNP
21	CD
,	,
2001	CD
.	.
Policy	NNP
3233	CD
governs	VBZ
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
regional	JJ
education	NN
service	NN
agencies	NNS
and	CC
was	VBD
last	JJ
amended	VBN
in	IN
September	NNP
2000	CD
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
revision	NN
would	MD
eliminate	VB
the	DT
requirement	NN
that	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
RESA	NNP
directors\/chairs	VBZ
automatically	RB
meet	VB
twice	RB
per	IN
year	NN
in	IN
favor	NN
of	IN
a	DT
requirement	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
meet	VBP
when	WRB
an	DT
agenda	NN
would	MD
be	VB
mutually	RB
beneficial	JJ
or	CC
agreed	VBD
upon	IN
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
,	,
General	NNP
Counsel	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Department	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
addressed	VBD
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
comments	NNS
received	VBN
from	IN
various	JJ
Board	NNP
and	CC
staff	NN
members	NNS
.	.
Following	VBG
extensive	JJ
discussion	NN
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
decided	VBN
that	IN
Policy	NNP
2421	CD
-	:
Racial	JJ
,	,
Sexual	NNP
,	,
Religious\/Ethnic	NNP
Harassment	NNP
and	CC
Violence	NNP
and	CC
Policy	NNP
2425	CD
-	:
Anti-Hazing	NNP
would	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
exist	VB
in	IN
their	PRP$
current	JJ
form	NN
until	IN
comprehensive	JJ
revision	NN
can	MD
be	VB
completed	VBN
and	CC
that	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
policy	NN
would	MD
be	VB
developed	VBN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
recent	JJ
legislation	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
will	MD
meet	VB
the	DT
afternoon	NN
of	IN
September	NNP
12	CD
for	IN
another	DT
work	NN
session	NN
to	TO
continue	VB
work	NN
on	IN
the	DT
legislative	JJ
agenda	NN
.	.
Prior	RB
to	TO
this	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
and	CC
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
will	MD
develop	VB
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
stakeholders	NNS
who	WP
will	MD
be	VB
invited	VBN
to	TO
submit	VB
input	NN
for	IN
this	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Board	NNP
members	NNS
were	VBD
requested	VBN
to	TO
submit	VB
topics	NNS
which	WDT
they	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
discussed	VBN
as	RB
quickly	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
and	CC
no	RB
later	RB
than	IN
September	NNP
11	CD
.	.
In	IN
preparation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
September	NNP
work	NN
session	NN
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Hough	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
available	JJ
last	JJ
year	NN
's	POS
legislative	JJ
submission	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
interest	NN
groups	NNS
.	.
House	NNP
Bill	NNP
2934	CD
requires	VBZ
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
conduct	VB
a	DT
review	NN
of	IN
the	DT
system	NN
of	IN
education	NN
performance	NN
audits	NN
with	IN
the	DT
objective	NN
of	IN
achieving	VBG
the	DT
goals	NNS
that	WDT
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
measures	NNS
used	VBN
to	TO
evaluate	VB
performance	NN
are	VBP
clearly	RB
aligned	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
education	NN
goals	NNS
and	CC
expectations	NNS
established	VBN
for	IN
student	NN
,	,
school	NN
,	,
and	CC
school	NN
system	NN
performance	NN
including	VBG
student	NN
success	NN
in	IN
post-secondary	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
work	NN
;	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
measures	NNS
used	VBN
reflect	VBP
a	DT
priority	NN
for	IN
student	NN
progress	NN
and	CC
safety	NN
;	:
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
measures	NNS
used	VBN
are	VBP
limited	VBN
in	IN
number	NN
and	CC
easily	RB
comparable	JJ
to	TO
national	JJ
performance	NN
indicators	NNS
.	.
The	DT
schools	NNS
denoted	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
asterisk	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
\*	SYM
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
Attachment	NNP
E	NNP
are	VBP
seriously	RB
impaired	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
that	IN
these	DT
schools	NNS
be	VB
issued	VBN
seriously	RB
impaired	VBN
status	NN
and	CC
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
improvement	NN
consultants	NNS
be	VB
appointed	VBN
to	TO
each	DT
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
denoted	VBN
by	IN
two	CD
asterisks	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
\*\*	SYM
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
Attachment	NNP
E	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
previous	JJ
seriously	RB
impaired	JJ
school	NN
that	WDT
failed	VBD
to	TO
achieve	VB
the	DT
Date	NNP
Certain	NNP
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
that	IN
a	DT
monitor	NN
be	VB
appointed	VBN
to	TO
cause	VB
improvements	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
made	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
bring	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
by	IN
June	NNP
30	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
provided	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
an	DT
historical	JJ
overview	NN
of	IN
trainer	NN
waivers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
waiver	NN
procedure	NN
was	VBD
implemented	VBN
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
possible	JJ
for	IN
every	DT
county	NN
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
certified	JJ
athletic	JJ
trainer	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
revisit	VB
Policy	NN
5112	CD
.	.
This	DT
policy	NN
establishes	VBZ
standards	NNS
for	IN
foods	NNS
served	VBD
and\/or	CC
sold	VBD
to	TO
students	NNS
in	IN
schools	NNS
during	IN
the	DT
school	NN
day	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
the	DT
policy	NN
requires	VBZ
management	NN
and	CC
meal	NN
service	NN
practices	NNS
that	WDT
support	VBP
an	DT
integrated	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
school-wide	JJ
nutrition	NN
integrity	NN
,	,
including	VBG
recommended	VBN
qualifications	NNS
for	IN
county	NN
nutrition	NN
directors	NNS
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
revision	NN
requires	VBZ
that	IN
,	,
beginning	VBG
school	NN
year	NN
2002-2003	CD
,	,
school	NN
nutrition	NN
program	NN
directors	NNS
be	VB
authorized	VBN
.	.
The	DT
revision	NN
also	RB
sets	VBZ
forth	RB
the	DT
initial	JJ
qualifications	NNS
and	CC
renewal	NN
requirements	NNS
for	IN
this	DT
authorization	NN
.	.
The	DT
comment	NN
period	NN
,	,
ending	VBG
July	NNP
16	CD
,	,
2001	CD
,	,
resulted	VBD
in	IN
15	CD
comments	NNS
being	VBG
received	VBN
.	.
Policy	NNP
6200	CD
has	VBZ
been	VBN
revised	VBN
to	TO
facilitate	VB
the	DT
Agreed	NNP
Order	NNP
in	IN
Tomblin	NNP
v.	CC
Gainer	NNP
.	.
This	DT
revision	NN
omits	VBZ
chapter	NN
15	CD
of	IN
the	DT
previous	JJ
policy	NN
which	WDT
addressed	VBD
existing	VBG
facilities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
has	VBZ
the	DT
responsibility	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
assistance	NN
to	TO
county	NN
school	NN
districts	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
School	NNP
Facilities	NNPS
.	.
This	DT
handbook	NN
offers	VBZ
additional	JJ
assistance	NN
with	IN
renovations	NNS
,	,
construction	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
school	NN
facilities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
developing	VBG
or	CC
amending	VBG
the	DT
county	NN
's	POS
Comprehensive	NNP
Educational	NNP
Facilities	NNP
Plan	NNP
.	.
This	DT
handbook	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
working	VBG
document	NN
and	CC
should	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
such	JJ
during	IN
all	DT
planning	VBG
stages	NNS
of	IN
evaluation	NN
and	CC
construction	NN
.	.
The	DT
30	CD
day	NN
comment	NN
period	NN
ended	VBD
June	NNP
11	CD
,	,
2001	CD
with	IN
a	DT
total	NN
of	IN
five	CD
individuals	NNS
or	CC
organizations	NNS
suggesting	VBG
changes	NNS
.	.
A	DT
number	NN
of	IN
the	DT
recommendations	NNS
which	WDT
have	VBP
a	DT
positive	JJ
impact	NN
on	IN
the	DT
learning	VBG
environment	NN
were	VBD
incorporated	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
.	.
Facilities	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
made	VBD
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
In	IN
May	NNP
2001	CD
,	,
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
provided	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
with	IN
its	PRP$
recommendations	NNS
as	IN
to	TO
any	DT
action	NN
the	DT
Board	NNP
should	MD
take	VB
with	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
the	DT
committees	NNS
'	POS
recommendations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Testing	NNP
Committee	NNP
and	CC
Department	NNP
recommendations	NNS
regarding	VBG
assessment	NN
are	VBP
identical	JJ
except	IN
that	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
has	VBZ
recommended	VBN
testing	NN
science	NN
and	CC
social	JJ
studies	NNS
in	IN
grade	NN
3	CD
whereas	IN
the	DT
committee	NN
recommended	VBD
that	IN
they	PRP
not	RB
be	VB
tested	VBN
until	IN
grade	NN
4	CD
so	RB
greater	JJR
concentration	NN
could	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
reading	NN
and	CC
mathematics	NN
.	.
The	DT
recommendations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Testing	NNP
Committee	NNP
involving	VBG
accountability	NN
will	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
after	IN
the	DT
Testing	NNP
Committee	NNP
completes	VBZ
its	PRP$
work	NN
.	.
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
requires	VBZ
all	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
higher	JJR
education	NN
institutions	NNS
to	TO
complete	VB
an	DT
annual	JJ
report	NN
on	IN
July	NNP
1	CD
of	IN
each	DT
year	NN
.	.
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
also	RB
contains	VBZ
the	DT
four	CD
major	JJ
areas	NNS
that	IN
all	DT
annual	JJ
reports	NNS
must	MD
address	VB
.	.
All	DT
18	CD
institutions	NNS
met	VBD
these	DT
criteria	NNS
and	CC
qualify	VB
for	IN
``	``
Continuing	NNP
Program	NNP
Approval	NNP
Status	NNP
.	.
''	''
From	IN
these	DT
reports	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Professional	NNP
Preparation	NNP
compiles	VBZ
a	DT
document	NN
entitled	VBN
,	,
``	``
Approval	NN
of	IN
Educational	NNP
Preparation	NNP
Programs	NNP
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Universities	NNS
2001-2002	CD
''	''
and	CC
distributes	VBZ
this	DT
document	NN
throughout	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
This	DT
year	NN
's	POS
document	NN
reflects	VBZ
all	PDT
the	DT
changes	NNS
the	DT
higher	JJR
education	NN
institutions	NNS
made	VBD
to	TO
continue	VB
aligning	VBG
their	PRP$
professional	JJ
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
revisions	NNS
contained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Policy	NN
5100	CD
,	,
passed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
in	IN
January	NNP
2000	CD
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
distributed	VBD
a	DT
historical	JJ
overview	NN
of	IN
travel	NN
and	CC
Wednesday	NNP
work	NN
sessions	NNS
from	IN
1986	CD
to	TO
2000	CD
.	.
Discourse	NN
took	VBD
place	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
traveling	VBG
to	TO
counties	NNS
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
to	TO
have	VB
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
look	VB
at	IN
facilities	NNS
,	,
visit	NN
schools	NNS
,	,
and	CC
establish	VB
a	DT
relationship	NN
with	IN
the	DT
communities	NNS
to	TO
allow	VB
communication	NN
of	IN
issues	NNS
and	CC
concerns	NNS
.	.
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
stated	VBD
that	IN
he	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
the	DT
schedule	NN
revised	VBN
so	RB
that	IN
visits	NNS
to	TO
counties	NNS
occur	VBP
while	IN
school	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
session	NN
that	IN
he	PRP
supported	VBD
the	DT
continuation	NN
of	IN
meeting	NN
in	IN
counties	NNS
.	.
J.	NNP
D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
indicated	VBD
his	PRP$
support	NN
for	IN
the	DT
continuation	NN
of	IN
visits	NNS
to	TO
counties	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
continuation	NN
of	IN
Wednesday	NNP
work	NN
sessions	NNS
with	IN
interested	JJ
groups	NNS
.	.
Bill	NNP
Luff	NNP
suggested	VBD
the	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
open	JJ
forums	NNS
on	IN
Wednesday	NNP
evenings	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
community	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
issued	VBD
a	DT
concern	NN
about	IN
the	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
interest\/attendance	NN
at	IN
evening	NN
public	JJ
forums	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
method	NN
of	IN
notifying	VBG
counties	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
is	VBZ
interested	JJ
in	IN
visiting	VBG
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
also	RB
issued	VBD
a	DT
concern	NN
about	IN
an	DT
ongoing	JJ
established	VBN
quarterly	JJ
meeting	NN
schedule	NN
with	IN
groups	NNS
as	IN
opposed	VBN
to	TO
when	WRB
such	JJ
meetings	NNS
are	VBP
requested	VBN
or	CC
otherwise	RB
deemed	VBD
necessary	JJ
.	.
J.	NNP
D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
Board	NNP
is	VBZ
required	VBN
by	IN
policy	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
with	IN
RESA	NNP
Directors	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
semi-annual	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
The	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
additional	JJ
meeting	NN
days	NNS
was	VBD
discussed	VBN
.	.
Howard	NNP
M.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
,	,
Jr.	NNP
,	,
moved	VBD
,	,
with	IN
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
seconding	VBG
,	,
and	CC
by	IN
unanimous	JJ
vote	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
that	IN
Counsel	NNP
refer	VBP
the	DT
employee	NN
complaint	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Attorney	NNP
General	NNP
's	POS
office	NN
and	CC
that	IN
two	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
attorneys	NNS
be	VB
appointed	VBN
,	,
one	CD
to	TO
represent	VB
Board	NNP
and	CC
one	CD
to	TO
represent	VB
the	DT
employee	NN
.	.
Discussion	NN
ensured	VBD
regarding	VBG
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
the	DT
RESA	NNP
Directors	NNS
meetings	NNS
must	MD
take	VB
place	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
was	VBD
suggested	VBN
that	IN
an	DT
agenda	NN
be	VB
formulated	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
further	JJ
decided	VBD
that	IN
all	DT
currently	RB
scheduled	VBN
meetings	NNS
be	VB
canceled	VBN
and	CC
scheduled	VBN
on	IN
an	DT
as	IN
needed	VBN
basis	NN
and	CC
that	IN
groups	NNS
currently	RB
scheduled	VBN
be	VB
notified	VBN
of	IN
this	DT
decision	NN
.	.
Groups	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
request	VB
meetings	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
as	IN
desired	VBN
.	.
Next	JJ
month	NN
the	DT
Board	NNP
will	MD
meet	VB
on	IN
Wednesday	NNP
,	,
September	NNP
12	CD
at	IN
1	CD
p.m.	NN
with	IN
the	DT
RESA	NNP
directors	NNS
and	CC
at	IN
2	CD
p.m.	NN
to	TO
continue	VB
work	NN
on	IN
its	PRP$
legislative	JJ
agenda	NN
.	.
Howard	NNP
M.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
,	,
Jr.	NNP
requested	VBD
a	DT
more	RBR
thorough	JJ
agenda	NN
for	IN
Wednesday	NNP
events	NNS
and	CC
expressed	VBD
a	DT
need	NN
for	IN
portable	JJ
audio	JJ
equipment	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
also	RB
requested	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
not	RB
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
auditorium	NN
stages	NNS
if	IN
at	IN
all	DT
possible	JJ
.	.
Howard	NNP
M.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
,	,
Jr.	NNP
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
his	PRP$
feeling	NN
that	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
Board	NNP
room	NN
facility	NN
in	IN
Charleston	NNP
is	VBZ
inadequate	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
to	TO
conduct	VB
its	PRP$
business	NN
.	.
J.	NNP
D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
suggested	VBD
moving	VBG
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
to	TO
Building	NNP
7	CD
,	,
conference	NN
rooms	NNS
A-B	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
requested	VBD
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
research	NN
this	DT
matter	NN
.	.
Howard	NNP
M.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
,	,
Jr.	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
training	NN
sessions	NNS
on	IN
various	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
law	NN
governing	VBG
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
felt	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
training	NN
session	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Law	NN
was	VBD
critical	JJ
.	.
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
and	CC
President	NNP
Chapman	NNP
provided	VBD
an	DT
historical	JJ
overview	NN
of	IN
trainings	NNS
provided	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
general	JJ
consensus	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
other	JJ
than	IN
Mr.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
,	,
that	IN
matters	NNS
of	IN
concern	NN
will	MD
be	VB
dealt	VBN
with	IN
as	RB
necessary	JJ
and	CC
on	IN
the	DT
advice	NN
of	IN
counsel	NN
.	.
Barbara	NNP
N.	NNP
Fish	NN
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
her	PRP$
experience	NN
at	IN
the	DT
August	NNP
NASBE	NNP
new	JJ
member	NN
training	NN
seminar	NN
and	CC
distributed	VBN
and	CC
discussed	VBN
a	DT
draft	NN
``	``
Table	NNP
of	IN
Contents	NNP
''	''
to	TO
assist	VB
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
a	DT
loose	JJ
leaf	NN
Board	NNP
manual	NN
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
requested	VBD
feedback	RB
from	IN
members	NNS
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
Fish	NN
asked	VBD
if	IN
foreign	JJ
exchange	NN
students	NNS
are	VBP
allowed	VBN
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
extra-curricular	JJ
activities	NNS
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Legal	NNP
Services	NNP
,	,
responded	VBD
that	IN
eligibility	NN
is	VBZ
determined	VBN
based	VBN
a	DT
student	NN
's	POS
visa	NN
status	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
determination	NN
procedure	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
nationally	RB
accepted	VBN
norm	NN
.	.
Personnel	NNP
items	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
an	DT
addendum	NN
naming	VBG
Dr.	NNP
Stan	NNP
Hopkins	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
Assistant	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
Division	NNP
of	IN
Technical	NNP
and	CC
Adult	NNP
Education	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Blind	NNP
were	VBD
submitted	VBN
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
to	TO
demonstrate	VB
that	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
meets	VBZ
all	DT
eligibility	NN
requirements	NNS
of	IN
section	NN
612	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
IDEA	NNP
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
changes	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
made	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
an	DT
agreement	NN
required	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
for	IN
Civil	NNP
Rights	NNP
specific	NN
to	TO
the	DT
definition	NN
and	CC
eligibility	NN
for	IN
gifted	JJ
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
revisions	NNS
incorporate	VBP
new	JJ
language	NN
and	CC
additions	NNS
to	TO
existing	VBG
sections	NNS
of	IN
Policy	NN
2419	CD
and	CC
maintain	VB
the	DT
federal	JJ
language	NN
whenever	WRB
possible	JJ
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
revisions	NNS
in	IN
Policy	NN
2419	CD
will	MD
provide	VB
current	JJ
and	CC
accurate	JJ
guidance	NN
to	TO
schools	NNS
and	CC
districts	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
IDEA	NNP
97	CD
.	.
Services	NNPS
,	,
presented	VBD
the	DT
calendars	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
2001-2002	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
's	POS
education	NN
programs	NNS
in	IN
state	NN
correctional	JJ
institutions	NNS
,	,
regional	JJ
jails	NNS
,	,
health	NN
and	CC
human	JJ
service	NN
institutions	NNS
and	CC
juvenile	JJ
detention	NN
centers	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
approval	NN
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
calendars	NNS
define	VBP
the	DT
employment	NN
term	NN
for	IN
staff	NN
and	CC
the	DT
instructional	JJ
term	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
.	.
Employment	NNP
of	IN
staff	NN
for	IN
the	DT
extended	JJ
school	NN
term	NN
beyond	IN
June	NNP
30	CD
,	,
2002	CD
,	,
is	VBZ
designated	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
calendars	NNS
as	IN
contingent	JJ
upon	IN
funding	VBG
for	IN
FY-2003	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
revision	NN
requires	VBZ
that	IN
,	,
beginning	VBG
school	NN
year	NN
2002-2003	CD
,	,
school	NN
nutrition	NN
directors	NNS
be	VB
authorized	VBN
.	.
The	DT
revision	NN
also	RB
sets	VBZ
forth	RB
the	DT
initial	JJ
qualifications	NNS
and	CC
renewal	NN
requirements	NNS
for	IN
this	DT
authorization	NN
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
statute	NN
,	,
Boone	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
may	MD
fill	VB
positions	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
certified	JJ
list	NN
of	IN
positions	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
remainder	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
immediately	RB
following	VBG
the	DT
effective	JJ
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
inter-county	JJ
agreement	NN
only	RB
by	IN
selecting	VBG
employees	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
certified	JJ
list	NN
of	IN
employees	NNS
.	.
Donna	NNP
Wertz	NNP
Reams	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
kindergarten\/first	NN
grade	NN
teacher	NN
in	IN
Greenbrier	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
current	JJ
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
State	NNP
Teacher	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Year	NN
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
requested	VBN
that	IN
she	PRP
replace	VB
Kaye	NNP
McCrory	NNP
as	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
early	RB
childhood	NN
representative	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Program	NNP
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
Legal	NNP
Services	NNP
,	,
reported	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
status	NN
of	IN
this	DT
issue	NN
.	.
Additional	JJ
information	NN
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
upon	IN
receipt	NN
of	IN
requested	VBN
documentation	NN
and	CC
conclusion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
hearing	NN
.	.
Determine	VB
whether	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
shortage	NN
of	IN
personnel	NNS
qualified	VBN
to	TO
teach	VB
vocational\/technical	JJ
programs	NNS
of	IN
study	NN
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
,	,
recommend	VB
methods	NNS
of	IN
increasing	VBG
the	DT
availability	NN
of	IN
personnel	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
such	JJ
instruction	NN
.	.
Determine	VB
whether	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
alignment	NN
between	IN
secondary	JJ
programs	NNS
of	IN
study	NN
and	CC
those	DT
offered	VBN
in	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
,	,
particularly	RB
community	NN
and	CC
technical	JJ
colleges	NNS
;	:
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
not	RB
such	JJ
an	DT
alignment	NN
,	,
provide	VBP
recommendations	NNS
on	IN
how	WRB
such	JJ
an	DT
alignment	NN
can	MD
be	VB
achieved	VBN
.	.
Commissioner	NNP
Leslie	NNP
J.	NNP
Shoemaker	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
Commission	NNP
's	POS
unanimous	JJ
request	NN
for	IN
a	DT
release	NN
of	IN
the	DT
restrictions	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
title	NN
to	TO
the	DT
property	NN
on	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
Hampshire	NNP
Memorial	NNP
Hospital	NNP
is	VBZ
located	VBN
.	.
Facilities	NNP
to	TO
provide	VB
comprehensive	JJ
guidelines	NNS
which	WDT
address	VBP
the	DT
details	NNS
of	IN
evaluating	VBG
and	CC
renovating	VBG
existing	VBG
public	JJ
education	NN
facilities	NNS
,	,
the	DT
construction	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
school	NN
facilities	NNS
and	CC
developing	VBG
or	CC
amending	VBG
county	NN
's	POS
Comprehensive	NNP
Educational	NNP
Facilities	NNP
Plan	NNP
.	.
This	DT
handbook	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
working	VBG
document	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
used	VBN
as	IN
such	JJ
during	IN
all	DT
planning	VBG
stages	NNS
of	IN
evaluation	NN
and	CC
construction	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Morris	NNP
recognized	VBD
Michael	NNP
Mullins	NNP
and	CC
Philip	NNP
Dobbins	NNP
,	,
teachers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
student	NN
team	NN
from	IN
Clay	NNP
County	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
that	WDT
will	MD
represent	VB
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
``	``
We	PRP
the	DT
People	NNS
''	''
finals	NNS
next	JJ
week	NN
.	.
Clay	NNP
County	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
has	VBZ
won	VBN
the	DT
state	NN
competition	NN
seven	CD
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
nine	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Lee	NNP
Ann	NNP
Gore	NNP
,	,
assisted	VBN
by	IN
Karen	NNP
Jackson	NNP
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
distributed	VBN
information	NN
regarding	VBG
Fayette	NNP
County	NNP
school	NN
closures	NNS
.	.
Larry	NNP
Coleman	NNP
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Fayette	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
,	,
spoke	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
addressed	VBD
the	DT
issues	NNS
and	CC
concerns	NNS
brought	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
by	IN
the	DT
Ms.	NNP
Specialists	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
MOUS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
-	:
twenty-six	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
26	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
high	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
technical	JJ
centers	NNS
are	VBP
currently	RB
designated	VBN
as	IN
authorized	VBN
testing	NN
centers	NNS
;	:
and	CC
,	,
seven	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
7	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
high	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
technical	JJ
centers	NNS
will	MD
serve	VB
as	IN
pilot	NN
sites	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Oracle	NNP
Internet	NNP
Academies	NNP
starting	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
fall	NN
.	.
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
-	:
Approval	NN
of	IN
Educational	NNP
Personnel	NNP
Programs	NNP
requires	VBZ
all	DT
professional	JJ
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
to	TO
provide	VB
data	NNS
about	IN
their	PRP$
programs	NNS
.	.
Title	NNP
II	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Higher	JJR
Education	NNP
Act	NNP
requires	VBZ
all	DT
states	NNS
to	TO
collect	VB
,	,
compile	VB
and	CC
report	VB
data	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
about	IN
the	DT
quality	NN
of	IN
teacher	NN
education	NN
graduates	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
institutions	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
Virginia	NNP
meets	VBZ
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
eligibility	NN
requirements	NNS
of	IN
section	NN
612	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
IDEA	NNP
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
changes	NNS
have	VBP
also	RB
been	VBN
made	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
an	DT
agreement	NN
required	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
for	IN
Civil	NNP
Rights	NNP
specific	NN
to	TO
the	DT
definition	NN
and	CC
eligibility	NN
for	IN
gifted	JJ
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
revisions	NNS
incorporate	VBP
new	JJ
language	NN
and	CC
additions	NNS
to	TO
existing	VBG
sections	NNS
of	IN
Policy	NN
2419	CD
and	CC
maintains	VBZ
the	DT
federal	JJ
language	NN
whenever	WRB
possible	JJ
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
revisions	NNS
in	IN
Policy	NN
2419	CD
will	MD
provide	VB
current	JJ
and	CC
accurate	JJ
guidance	NN
to	TO
schools	NNS
and	CC
districts	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
IDEA	NNP
97	CD
.	.
The	DT
membership	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Secondary	JJ
School	NNP
Activities	NNPS
Commission	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
WVSSAC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
proposed	VBN
changes	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
rules	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
that	WDT
govern	VBP
interscholastic	JJ
activities	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
member	NN
schools	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Patrick	NNP
Gruber	NNP
and	CC
Tony	NNP
Antonini	NNP
with	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Youth	NNP
Action	NNP
Council	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
addition	NN
of	IN
a	DT
student	NN
voice	NN
on	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
extended	VBD
an	DT
invitation	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
semi-annually	RB
with	IN
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
statewide	JJ
representatives	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
school	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
in	IN
session	NN
.	.
Persinger	NNP
,	,
Jr.	NNP
,	,
requested	VBD
that	IN
Mr.	NNP
MacCallum	NNP
amend	VB
his	PRP$
motion	NN
to	TO
remove	VB
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
minutes	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
consent	NN
agenda	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
indicated	VBD
he	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
,	,
particularly	RB
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Recht	NNP
decision	NN
in	IN
Tomblin	NNP
v.	CC
Gainer	NNP
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
minutes	NNS
properly	RB
reflect	VBP
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
action	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
Mr.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
's	POS
request	NN
,	,
Ms.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
withdrew	VBD
her	PRP$
second	NN
of	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
motion	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Morris	NNP
called	VBD
for	IN
a	DT
second	JJ
to	TO
Mr.	NNP
MacCallum	NNP
's	POS
amended	VBN
motion	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
to	TO
approve	VB
the	DT
motion	NN
and	CC
the	DT
amendment	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Persinger	NNP
seconded	VBD
the	DT
motion	NN
and	CC
the	DT
Board	NNP
unanimously	RB
approved	VBD
the	DT
motion	NN
and	CC
the	DT
amendment	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Morris	NNP
called	VBD
for	IN
a	DT
motion	NN
to	TO
approve	VB
the	DT
Consent	NNP
Agenda	NNP
,	,
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
foregoing	NN
amendments	NNS
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
James	NNP
J.	NNP
MacCallum	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
cooperation	NN
with	IN
an	DT
external	JJ
panel	NN
,	,
conducted	VBD
a	DT
general	JJ
review	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
testing	NN
and	CC
accountability	NN
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
current	JJ
status	NN
of	IN
key	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
those	DT
programs	NNS
,	,
report	NN
on	IN
general	JJ
findings	NNS
and	CC
make	VB
focused	JJ
recommendations	NNS
regarding	VBG
testing	NN
and	CC
school	NN
accountability	NN
procedures	NNS
.	.
Policy	NN
3234	CD
provides	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
year-round	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
was	VBD
first	JJ
effective	JJ
in	IN
June	NNP
1992	CD
.	.
The	DT
revisions	NNS
will	MD
allow	VB
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
approve	VB
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
year-round	JJ
school	NN
for	IN
a	DT
period	NN
of	IN
up	RB
to	TO
three	CD
years	NNS
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
previously	RB
provided	VBN
for	IN
approval	NN
for	IN
a	DT
period	NN
of	IN
only	RB
one	CD
year	NN
.	.
Several	JJ
comments	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
,	,
most	JJS
arguing	VBG
against	IN
requiring	VBG
all	DT
schools	NNS
to	TO
operate	VB
year-round	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
the	DT
policy	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
do	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
No	DT
changes	NNS
were	VBD
made	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
comments	NNS
.	.
President	NNP
Morris	NNP
questioned	VBD
Mrs.	NNP
McBride	NNP
as	IN
to	TO
whether	IN
a	DT
referendum	NN
had	VBD
been	VBN
taken	VBN
up	RP
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Hampshire	NNP
County	NNP
Hospital	NNP
.	.
Mrs.	NNP
McBride	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
no	DT
such	JJ
referendum	NN
has	VBZ
occurred	VBN
and	CC
voiced	VBN
her	PRP$
concern	NN
that	WDT
should	MD
the	DT
hospital	NN
be	VB
closed	VBN
the	DT
next	JJ
closest	JJS
medical	JJ
facility	NN
would	MD
require	VB
travel	NN
time	NN
by	IN
car	NN
of	IN
approximately	RB
45	CD
to	TO
50	CD
minutes	NNS
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
time	NN
lines	NNS
for	IN
implementing	VBG
a	DT
new	JJ
series	NN
of	IN
assessments	NNS
for	IN
measuring	VBG
student	NN
achievement	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
and	CC
to	TO
come	VB
into	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
certain	JJ
federal	JJ
requirements	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
requested	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
authorize	VBP
the	DT
preparation	NN
and	CC
issuance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
RFP	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
series	NN
of	IN
assessments	NNS
as	IN
listed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
attachment	NN
.	.
The	DT
RFP	NNP
would	MD
be	VB
clear	JJ
that	IN
awarding	VBG
of	IN
a	DT
contract	NN
is	VBZ
contingent	JJ
on	IN
State	NNP
Board	NNP
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
assessment	NN
and	CC
funding	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
.	.
Rebecca	NNP
Tinder	NNP
,	,
General	NNP
Counsel	NNP
,	,
Legal	NNP
Services	NNP
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
an	DT
incident	NN
that	WDT
occurred	VBD
during	IN
an	DT
out-of-state	JJ
athletic	JJ
event	NN
involving	VBG
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Blind	NNP
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
next	JJ
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
will	MD
take	VB
place	NN
next	IN
week	NN
via	IN
teleconference	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
and	CC
take	VB
action	NN
on	IN
Policy	NN
2320	CD
.	.
The	DT
next	JJ
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
will	MD
take	VB
place	NN
March	NNP
8	CD
in	IN
Charleston	NNP
.	.
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
and	CC
all	DT
schools	NNS
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
submitted	VBD
revised	VBN
county	NN
and	CC
school	NN
Unified	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
for	IN
noncompliances	NNS
identified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
Follow-up	JJ
Team	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
several	JJ
schools	NNS
did	VBD
not	RB
respond	VB
to	TO
all	PDT
the	DT
recommendations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audit	NNP
Team	NNP
.	.
Fayette	NNP
County	NNP
central	JJ
office	NN
staff	NN
requested	VBD
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
additional	JJ
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
to	TO
schools	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
better	JJR
address	NN
recommendations	NNS
.	.
On	IN
December	NNP
20	CD
,	,
2000	CD
,	,
a	DT
review	NN
of	IN
documentation	NN
showed	VBD
that	IN
Fayette	NNP
County	NNP
schools	NNS
had	VBD
better	JJR
addressed	VBD
recommendations	NNS
and	CC
requested	VBD
revisions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Follow-up	JJ
report	NN
.	.
County	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
.	.
The	DT
plans	NNS
were	VBD
reviewed	VBN
to	TO
determine	VB
that	IN
the	DT
required	JJ
components	NNS
were	VBD
included	VBN
and	CC
addressed	VBN
any	DT
performance	NN
or	CC
process	NN
deficiencies	NNS
.	.
The	DT
attachment	NN
summarizes	VBZ
the	DT
components	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
Unified	NNP
County	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
.	.
John	NNP
Hough	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
a	DT
proposed	VBN
Legislative	NNP
bill	NN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
recapture	VB
of	IN
seat	NN
time	NN
.	.
Highlights	NNS
include	VBP
:	:
eliminating	VBG
the	DT
beginning	NN
and	CC
ending	VBG
dates	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
;	:
reducing	VBG
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
faculty	NN
senate	NN
days	NNS
and	CC
outside	JJ
environment	NN
days	NNS
;	:
requiring	VBG
county	NN
boards	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
four	CD
noninstructional	JJ
days	NNS
for	IN
staff	NN
development	NN
.	.
Board	NNP
,	,
public	JJ
relations	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Sunshine	NNP
Law	NNP
,	,
expectations	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
's	POS
legal	JJ
staff	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
scheduling	NN
of	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
meeting	NN
for	IN
February	NNP
14	CD
to	TO
discuss	VB
pending	VBG
litigation	NN
and	CC
such	JJ
other	JJ
matters	NNS
as	IN
may	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
.	.
Elementary	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
intercounty	JJ
transfer	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
to	TO
Boone	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Stratton	NNP
delivered	VBD
a	DT
citizens	NNS
appeal	VBP
to	TO
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
and	CC
requested	VBD
that	IN
action	NN
on	IN
the	DT
amendment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Logan	NNP
County	NNP
Comprehensive	NNP
Education	NNP
Facilities	NNP
Plan	NNP
and	CC
agreement	NN
between	IN
the	DT
Boone	NNP
and	CC
Logan	NNP
County	NNP
Boards	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
be	VB
postponed	VBN
.	.
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
required	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Bill	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
review	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
accountability	NN
system	NN
.	.
The	DT
legislation	NN
stated	VBD
that	IN
in	IN
order	NN
for	IN
the	DT
state	NN
to	TO
make	VB
improvements	NNS
in	IN
its	PRP$
standards	NNS
based	VBN
accountability	NN
system	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
to	TO
review	VB
the	DT
system	NN
currently	RB
in	IN
place	NN
to	TO
identify	VB
areas	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
need	VB
improvement	NN
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
this	DT
report	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
present	VB
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
review	NN
of	IN
the	DT
accountability	NN
system	NN
and	CC
report	VB
the	DT
findings	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Legislative	NNP
Oversight	NNP
Commission	NNP
on	IN
Education	NNP
Accountability	NNP
in	IN
order	NN
that	IN
the	DT
accountability	NN
system	NN
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
improve	VB
.	.
CEFP	NNP
:	:
Goal	NN
2	CD
,	,
Objective	NNP
2.3	CD
to	TO
read	VB
-	:
``	``
given	VBN
adequate	JJ
elementary	JJ
facilities	NNS
,	,
Upshur	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
will	MD
change	VB
the	DT
K-5	NN
configuration	NN
to	TO
PreK-5	NNP
;	:
Delete	VB
from	IN
Goal	NNP
3	CD
,	,
Objective	NNP
3.1	CD
``	``
Given	VBN
adequate	JJ
financial	JJ
resources	NNS
,	,
Upshur	NNP
County	NNP
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
operate	VB
the	DT
nine	CD
currently-existing	JJ
elementary	JJ
schools	NNS
as	RB
long	RB
as	IN
decreased	VBN
student	NN
population	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
minimum	NN
of	IN
twenty	CD
students\/grade	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
does	VBZ
not	RB
result	VB
in	IN
significant	JJ
decrease	NN
in	IN
State	NNP
Aid	NNP
Formula	NNP
dollars	NNS
,	,
''	''
the	DT
consensus	NN
of	IN
the	DT
CEFP	NNP
Committee	NNP
is	VBZ
that	IN
Upshur	NNP
County	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
presently	RB
have	VB
adequate	JJ
financial	JJ
resources	NNS
to	TO
operate	VB
nine	CD
elementary	JJ
schools	NNS
and	CC
therefore	RB
,	,
this	DT
objective	NN
is	VBZ
no	RB
longer	RB
needed	VBN
;	:
add	VB
to	TO
the	DT
present	JJ
plan	NN
the	DT
option	NN
for	IN
new	JJ
school	NN
construction	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
additions\/renovations	NNS
recommended	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
present	JJ
plan	NN
.	.
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Cabell	NNP
County	NNP
requested	VBD
approval	NN
to	TO
operate	VB
school	NN
calendars	NNS
of	IN
180	CD
days	NNS
spread	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
year-round	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
All	DT
four	CD
schools	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
operating	VBG
year-round	JJ
calendars	NNS
for	IN
several	JJ
years	NNS
.	.
Steve	NNP
Knighton	NNP
and	CC
Debra	NNP
Shelton	NNP
,	,
Principals	NNPS
,	,
appeared	VBD
and	CC
distributed	VBN
data	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
in	IN
support	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
requests	NNS
.	.
Upon	IN
the	DT
request	NN
of	IN
Mr.	NNP
Knighton	NNP
,	,
the	DT
motion	NN
was	VBD
amended	VBN
by	IN
Mr.	NNP
Spencer	NNP
and	CC
seconded	VBN
by	IN
James	NNP
J.	NNP
MacCallum	NNP
,	,
to	TO
approve	VB
these	DT
calendars	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
three	CD
year	NN
period	NN
,	,
if	IN
such	JJ
action	NN
is	VBZ
allowed	VBN
within	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
policy	NN
.	.
December	NNP
1	CD
to	TO
review	VB
existing	VBG
data	NNS
and	CC
research	NN
;	:
discuss	VB
issues	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
equitable	JJ
delivery	NN
of	IN
secondary	JJ
vocational-technical	JJ
education	NN
;	:
and	CC
,	,
formulate	VBP
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
and	CC
defensible	JJ
response	NN
to	TO
the	DT
following	JJ
charges	NNS
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
recommend	VB
which	WDT
programs	NNS
of	IN
study	NN
,	,
if	IN
any	DT
,	,
in	IN
vocational\/technical	JJ
education	NN
should	MD
be	VB
added\/modified\/deleted	VBN
from	IN
Policy	NN
2510	CD
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
determine	VB
whether	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
shortage	NN
of	IN
personnel	NNS
qualified	VBN
to	TO
teach	VB
vocational\/technical	JJ
programs	NNS
of	IN
study	NN
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
,	,
recommend	VB
methods	NNS
of	IN
increasing	VBG
the	DT
availability	NN
of	IN
personnel	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
such	JJ
instruction	NN
;	:
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
determine	VB
whether	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
need	NN
for	IN
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
,	,
recommend	VB
alternative	JJ
methods	NNS
of	IN
delivery	NN
for	IN
vocational\/technical	JJ
programs	NNS
of	IN
study	NN
,	,
and	CC
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
determine	VB
whether	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
appropriate	JJ
alignment	NN
between	IN
secondary	JJ
programs	NNS
of	IN
study	NN
and	CC
those	DT
offered	VBN
in	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
,	,
particularly	RB
community	NN
and	CC
technical	JJ
colleges	NNS
;	:
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
not	RB
such	JJ
an	DT
alignment	NN
,	,
provide	VBP
recommendations	NNS
on	IN
how	WRB
such	JJ
an	DT
alignment	NN
can	MD
be	VB
achieved	VBN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Robert	NNP
Walker	NNP
provided	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
committee	NN
report	NN
and	CC
brief	JJ
overview	NN
of	IN
committee	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
Two	CD
Science	NN
Facilities	NNPS
and	CC
Equipment	NNP
Assessment	NNP
surveys	NNS
were	VBD
developed	VBN
and	CC
forwarded	VBN
to	TO
building	VBG
principals	NNS
.	.
One	CD
Science	NNP
Department	NNP
Chairperson	NNP
Questionnaire	NNP
and	CC
multiple	JJ
Science	NN
Teacher	NN
Questionnaires	NNS
were	VBD
sent	VBN
to	TO
every	DT
public	JJ
middle\/junior	NN
high	JJ
and	CC
senior	JJ
high	JJ
school	NN
.	.
In	IN
response	NN
to	TO
concerns	NNS
expressed	VBN
by	IN
county	NN
school	NN
systems	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
substitute	NN
shortage	NN
,	,
changes	NNS
to	TO
Policy	NNP
5202	CD
-	:
Minimum	NNP
Requirements	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Licensure	NN
of	IN
Professional\/Paraprofessional	NNP
and	CC
Advanced	NNP
Salary	NNP
Classifications	NNPS
will	MD
be	VB
proposed	VBN
when	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
next	JJ
revised	VBN
.	.
Approval	NN
of	IN
a	DT
stop-gap	JJ
measure	NN
,	,
as	IN
found	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
attachment	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Memorandum	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
was	VBD
requested	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
meet	VB
immediate	JJ
substitute	NN
needs	NNS
.	.
The	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
Milken	NNP
and	CC
Teacher	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Year	NN
award	NN
winners	NNS
serving	VBG
as	IN
education	NN
resources	NNS
was	VBD
raised	VBN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
will	MD
address	VB
this	DT
request	NN
and	CC
provide	VB
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
at	IN
a	DT
future	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Jim	NNP
Mc	NNP
Knight	NNP
brought	VBD
a	DT
concern	NN
before	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
a	DT
possible	JJ
need	NN
for	IN
additional	JJ
inspectors	NNS
.	.
Wayne	NNP
Clutter	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Office	NNP
of	IN
School	NNP
Transportation	NNP
,	,
requested	VBD
time	NN
to	TO
look	VB
into	IN
this	DT
matter	NN
before	IN
any	DT
action	NN
is	VBZ
taken	VBN
.	.
Performance	NNP
Based	VBD
Accreditation	NNP
System	NNP
,	,
indicate	VBP
that	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
having	VBG
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
casual	JJ
deficit	NN
shall	MD
submit	VB
a	DT
plan	NN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
specifying	VBG
strategies	NNS
for	IN
eliminating	VBG
the	DT
casual	JJ
deficit	NN
.	.
The	DT
Hancock	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
requested	VBD
approval	NN
to	TO
amend	VB
its	PRP$
CEFP	NNP
as	IN
it	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
contain	VB
a	DT
provision	NN
for	IN
the	DT
change	NN
of	IN
status	NN
of	IN
Jefferson	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
from	IN
Transitional	JJ
to	TO
Closure	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
change	NN
in	IN
grade	NN
structure	NN
from	IN
grade	NN
6-8	CD
to	TO
grade	NN
5-8	CD
for	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
Oak	NNP
Glen	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
A	DT
survey	NN
was	VBD
sent	VBN
to	TO
all	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
principals	NNS
,	,
middle\/junior	JJ
high	JJ
principals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
vocational	JJ
directors	NNS
regarding	VBG
their	PRP$
schools	NNS
'	POS
ability	NN
to	TO
implement	VB
Policy	NN
2510	CD
as	IN
it	PRP
relates	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
8100	CD
minute	NN
requirement	NN
.	.
A	DT
report	NN
was	VBD
given	VBN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
that	WDT
meet	VBP
the	DT
requirement	NN
,	,
reasons	NNS
for	IN
lack	NN
of	IN
implementation	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
recommended	VBN
solution	NN
was	VBD
provided	VBN
based	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
survey	NN
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
has	VBZ
received	VBN
a	DT
five-year	JJ
,	,
$	$
10.4	CD
million	CD
grant	NN
to	TO
improve	VB
the	DT
college-going	JJ
rate	NN
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
The	DT
grant	NN
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
seven	CD
state-level	JJ
GEAR	NNP
UP	RP
grants	NNS
recently	RB
announced	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
GEAR	NNP
UP	RP
initiative	NN
will	MD
focus	VB
on	IN
32	CD
middle	JJ
and	CC
high	JJ
schools	NNS
in	IN
eight	CD
rural	JJ
counties	NNS
,	,
connecting	VBG
those	DT
schools	NNS
with	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
institutions	NNS
and	CC
local	JJ
,	,
regional	JJ
and	CC
state	NN
partners	NNS
to	TO
bring	VB
about	RB
substantive	JJ
improvement	NN
in	IN
student	NN
preparedness	NN
and	CC
participation	NN
in	IN
college	NN
.	.
``	``
prospective	JJ
employable	JJ
professional	JJ
personnel	NNS
.	.
''	''
Unless	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
year	NN
enrollment	NN
is	VBZ
100	CD
students	NNS
more	RBR
than	IN
the	DT
enrollment	NN
four	CD
years	NNS
earlier	RBR
,	,
a	DT
county	NN
may	MD
only	RB
hire	VB
prospective	JJ
employable	JJ
professional	JJ
personnel	NNS
under	IN
a	DT
waiver	NN
granted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
rules	NNS
mirror	VBP
the	DT
language	NN
of	IN
the	DT
statute	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
prior	JJ
net	JJ
enrollment	NN
figures	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
appears	VBZ
that	IN
six	CD
counties	NNS
would	MD
quality	NN
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
increased	VBN
enrollment	NN
.	.
Other	JJ
counties	NNS
would	MD
have	VB
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
waiver	NN
process	NN
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
was	VBD
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
through	IN
October	NNP
20	CD
,	,
2000	CD
.	.
Only	RB
one	CD
comment	NN
was	VBD
received	VBN
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
comment	NN
had	VBD
no	DT
bearing	NN
on	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
policy	NN
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
of	IN
2000	CD
,	,
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Professional	NNP
Preparation	NNP
conducted	VBD
eight	CD
regional	JJ
supply	NN
and	CC
demand	NN
fact-finding	JJ
forums	NNS
.	.
The	DT
meetings	NNS
were	VBD
well-attended	JJ
by	IN
both	DT
representatives	NNS
of	IN
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
and	CC
county	NN
school	NN
systems	NNS
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
these	DT
dialogues	NNS
,	,
changes	NNS
were	VBD
proposed	VBN
to	TO
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
.	.
The	DT
changes	NNS
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
alleviate	VB
shortages	NNS
in	IN
special	JJ
education	NN
,	,
to	TO
accommodate	VB
the	DT
augmentation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
preschool	JJ
curriculum	NN
with	IN
services	NNS
provided	VBN
by	IN
music	NN
,	,
art	NN
and	CC
physical	JJ
education	NN
specialists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
better	JJR
reflect	VBP
national	JJ
trends	NNS
and	CC
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
programs	NNS
in	IN
administrative	JJ
specializations	NNS
.	.
Improvement	NNP
consultant	NN
teams	NNS
were	VBD
approved	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
September	NNP
board	NN
meeting	NN
for	IN
six	CD
schools	NNS
that	WDT
had	VBD
been	VBN
issued	VBN
Seriously	RB
Impaired	VBN
status	NN
.	.
Those	DT
teams	NNS
have	VBP
met	VBN
with	IN
principals	NNS
and	CC
faculty	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
provided	VBN
recommendations	NNS
for	IN
State	NNP
Board	NNP
approval	NN
as	IN
required	VBN
by	IN
code	NN
and	CC
policy	NN
provisions	NNS
.	.
Department	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
to	TO
submit	VB
their	PRP$
plans	NNS
to	TO
implement	VB
the	DT
professional	JJ
development	NN
goals	NNS
established	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
in	IN
September	NNP
.	.
Concomitantly	RB
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
date	NN
for	IN
response	NN
to	TO
those	DT
plans	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
moved	VBN
from	IN
January	NNP
1	CD
to	TO
January	NNP
15	CD
.	.
Based	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
data	NNS
and	CC
results	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Follow-up	JJ
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audit	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
recommended	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
Morgan	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
be	VB
granted	VBN
Full	NNP
Approval	NNP
status	NN
and	CC
all	DT
Morgan	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
be	VB
granted	VBN
Full	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
.	.
School	NNP
Building	NNP
Authority	NNP
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
The	DT
facilities	NNS
plan	VBP
for	IN
Wyoming	NNP
County	NNP
was	VBD
reviewed	VBN
and	CC
recommended	VBN
for	IN
approval	NN
by	IN
the	DT
staff	NN
of	IN
the	DT
School	NNP
Building	NNP
Authority	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
School	NNP
Facilities	NNPS
for	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
Policy	NNP
6200	CD
and	CC
the	DT
SBA	NNP
Guidelines	NNS
and	CC
Procedures	NNS
handbook	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
responsibility	NN
for	IN
school	NN
facility	NN
inspection	NN
and	CC
report	NN
of	IN
findings	NNS
is	VBZ
of	IN
supreme	JJ
importance	NN
to	TO
all	DT
concerned	VBN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
problem	NN
is	VBZ
identified	VBN
it	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
reflected	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
report	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
assure	VB
correction	NN
.	.
Schools	NNP
That	DT
Work	NN
in	IN
cooperation	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Southern	NNP
Regional	NNP
Education	NNP
Board	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
SREB	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
major	JJ
goal	NN
for	IN
this	DT
initiative	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
increase	VB
the	DT
achievement	NN
levels	NNS
in	IN
math	NN
,	,
science	NN
and	CC
reading	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
in	IN
general	JJ
and	CC
vocational	JJ
studies	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
level	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
requires	VBZ
local	JJ
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
employ	VB
an	DT
athletic	JJ
trainer	NN
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
attendance	NN
at	IN
all	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
football	NN
practices	NNS
and	CC
games	NNS
.	.
Athletic	JJ
trainers	NNS
are	VBP
recommended	VBN
for	IN
middle\/junior	JJ
high	JJ
school	NN
football	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Policy	NNP
5112	CD
provides	VBZ
for	IN
an	DT
Athletic	JJ
Trainer	NNP
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
advise	VB
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
granting	VBG
of	IN
waivers	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
policy	NN
when	WRB
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
a	DT
fully	RB
certified	VBN
trainer	NN
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Secondary	JJ
School	NNP
Activities	NNPS
Commission	NNP
will	MD
work	VB
with	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
to	TO
develop	VB
and	CC
administer	VB
mandated	VBN
coursework	NN
for	IN
those	DT
making	VBG
application	NN
for	IN
athletic	JJ
trainer	NN
positions	NNS
and	CC
lacking	VBG
professional	JJ
certification	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
anticipated	VBN
that	IN
each	DT
section	NN
of	IN
the	DT
coursework	NN
will	MD
cost	VB
the	DT
student	NN
no	RB
more	RBR
than	IN
$	$
100.00	CD
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
approves	VBZ
the	DT
persons	NNS
who	WP
will	MD
serve	VB
on	IN
the	DT
committee	NN
.	.
The	DT
committee	NN
is	VBZ
charged	VBN
with	IN
approving	VBG
those	DT
programs	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
members	NNS
receive	VBP
credit	NN
for	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
meeting	VBG
the	DT
statutory	JJ
requirements	NNS
for	IN
training	NN
.	.
Board	NNP
members	NNS
J.	NNP
D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
Jim	NNP
Mc	NNP
Knight	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
currently	RB
serve	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
committee	NN
.	.
Pre-registration	NN
ranges	NNS
from	IN
40	CD
to	TO
80	CD
at	IN
each	DT
site	NN
with	IN
attendance	NN
expected	VBN
to	TO
reach	VB
or	CC
exceed	VB
100	CD
individuals	NNS
per	IN
site	NN
.	.
Meetings	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
will	MD
take	VB
place	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
forums	NNS
with	IN
student	NN
attendance	NN
at	IN
the	DT
forums	NNS
welcome	VBP
.	.
Real-time	JJ
online	JJ
information	NN
from	IN
the	DT
forums	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
.	.
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Logan	NNP
County	NNP
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
submitted	VBD
revised	VBN
County	NNP
and	CC
School	NNP
Unified	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
for	IN
noncompliances	NNS
identified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
was	VBD
provided	VBN
the	DT
2000	CD
Annual	JJ
Report	NNP
which	WDT
is	VBZ
the	DT
second	JJ
report	NN
compiling	VBG
accountability	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
This	DT
report	NN
synthesizes	VBZ
the	DT
activities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNPS
as	IN
established	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Legislature	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Jackson	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
requested	VBD
approval	NN
of	IN
an	DT
amendment	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
CEFP	NNP
as	IN
it	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
contain	VB
a	DT
provision	NN
for	IN
construction	NN
of	IN
an	DT
auxiliary	JJ
gymnasium	NN
at	IN
Ripley	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
,	,
addition	NN
of	IN
two	CD
bathrooms	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
Ravenswood	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
Gymnasium	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
expansion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
kitchen	NN
at	IN
Ripley	NNP
Middle	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
Local	JJ
revenues	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
in	IN
completing	VBG
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
listed	VBN
projects	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Marion	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
requested	VBD
approval	NN
of	IN
an	DT
amendment	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
CEFP	NNP
as	IN
it	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
contain	VB
provisions	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
closing	VBG
Dunbar	NNP
and	CC
Miller	NNP
Schools	NNP
and	CC
consolidating	VBG
these	DT
two	CD
schools	NNS
into	IN
a	DT
newly	RB
constructed	VBN
middle\/junior	RB
high	JJ
school	NN
;	:
renovation	NN
of	IN
Fairmont	NNP
Senior	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
construction	NN
of	IN
additional	JJ
classrooms	NNS
.	.
School	NNP
Building	NNP
Authority	NNP
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
The	DT
facilities	NNS
plans	NNS
for	IN
14	CD
counties	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
reviewed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
staff	NN
of	IN
the	DT
School	NNP
Building	NNP
Authority	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
School	NNP
Facilities	NNPS
for	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
Policy	NNP
6200	CD
and	CC
the	DT
SBA	NNP
Guidelines	NNS
and	CC
Procedures	NNS
Handbook	NNP
and	CC
were	VBD
recommended	VBN
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
The	DT
Agreed	NNP
Order	NNP
in	IN
Tomblin	NNP
v.	CC
Gainer	NNP
requires	VBZ
the	DT
convening	VBG
of	IN
six	CD
committees	NNS
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
issues	NNS
involving	VBG
testing	NN
,	,
vocational	JJ
curriculum	NN
offerings	NNS
,	,
science	NN
facilities	NNS
,	,
foreign	JJ
language	NN
teacher	NN
shortages	NNS
,	,
limitations	NNS
on	IN
art	NN
and	CC
music	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
teacher	NN
shortages	NNS
generally	RB
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
has	VBZ
one	CD
designee	NN
on	IN
five	CD
of	IN
the	DT
committees	NNS
and	CC
four	CD
designees	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
committee	NN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
testing	NN
.	.
Recommended	VBN
designees	NNS
were	VBD
presented	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
The	DT
comment	NN
period	NN
ended	VBN
on	IN
August	NNP
25	CD
,	,
2000	CD
,	,
and	CC
comments	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
from	IN
four	CD
people	NNS
.	.
The	DT
comments	NNS
did	VBD
result	NN
in	IN
changes	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
word	NN
``	``
virtual	JJ
''	''
and	CC
2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
clarification	NN
of	IN
instructional	JJ
materials	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
textbook	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
adoption	NN
utilization	NN
.	.
Improvement	NNP
consultant	NN
teams	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
appointed	VBN
to	TO
assist	VB
schools	NNS
in	IN
improving	VBG
their	PRP$
status	NN
.	.
A	DT
chart	NN
showing	VBG
improvement	NN
consultant	NN
teams	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
seven	CD
schools	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
attachment	NN
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
previously	RB
approved	VBD
a	DT
team	NN
for	IN
Powellton	NNP
Elementary	NNP
.	.
Six	CD
additional	JJ
schools	NNS
were	VBD
issued	VBN
SI	NNP
status	NN
at	IN
either	CC
the	DT
July	NNP
or	CC
August	NNP
Board	NNP
meetings	NNS
.	.
Center	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
developing	VBG
a	DT
Forest	NN
Stewardship	NN
plan	NN
for	IN
the	DT
229	CD
forested	VBN
acres	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
currently	RB
underutilized	VBN
.	.
The	DT
forested	VBN
areas	NNS
have	VBP
great	JJ
potential	JJ
to	TO
increase	VB
utilization	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Cedar	NNP
Lakes	NNPS
Conference	NNP
Center	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
areas	NNS
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
recreational	JJ
development	NN
would	MD
be	VB
increased	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
examples	NNS
:	:
cross-country	JJ
trails	VBZ
,	,
horseback	NN
riding	VBG
trails	VBZ
,	,
ADA	NNP
accessible	JJ
trails	VBZ
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
educational	JJ
opportunities	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
examples	NNS
:	:
outdoor	JJ
classrooms	NNS
,	,
research	NN
possibilities	NNS
,	,
wildlife	NN
areas	NNS
,	,
examples	NNS
of	IN
successful	JJ
forest	NN
stewardship	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
fire	NN
protection	NN
would	MD
be	VB
greatly	RB
increased	VBN
;	:
and	CC
,	,
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
forest	NN
stewardship	NN
plan	NN
would	MD
be	VB
in	IN
effect	NN
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
plan	NN
will	MD
increase	VB
the	DT
utilization	NN
of	IN
Cedar	NNP
Lakes	NNPS
which	WDT
will	MD
result	VB
in	IN
additional	JJ
revenues	NNS
.	.
Kim	NNP
Lawrence	NNP
announced	VBD
that	IN
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
forum	NN
posters	NNS
and	CC
fliers	NNS
have	VBP
gone	VBN
out	RP
to	TO
the	DT
schools	NNS
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
an	DT
insert	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
forums	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
distributed	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
September	NNP
issue	NN
of	IN
State	NNP
Ed	NNP
;	:
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
online	JJ
information	NN
,	,
registration	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
community	NN
poll	NN
are	VBP
all	DT
available	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
's	POS
home	NN
page	NN
.	.
Karen	NNP
Larry	NNP
announced	VBD
that	IN
approximately	RB
40	CD
Department	NNP
staff	NN
members	NNS
will	MD
assist	VB
with	IN
the	DT
forums	NNS
and	CC
met	VBD
last	JJ
week	NN
for	IN
training	NN
.	.
Two	CD
sessions	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
conduct	NN
with	IN
Department	NNP
staff	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
going	VBG
out	RP
into	IN
the	DT
field	NN
.	.
Members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
indicated	VBD
they	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
see	VB
results	NNS
,	,
by	IN
region	NN
,	,
of	IN
the	DT
community	NN
poll	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Mark	NNP
A.	NN
Manchin	NNP
,	,
Webster	NNP
County	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
welcomed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
to	TO
Webster	NNP
County	NNP
and	CC
thanked	VBD
everyone	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
efforts	NNS
in	IN
assuring	VBG
a	DT
quality	NN
education	NN
for	IN
each	DT
and	CC
every	DT
child	NN
.	.
He	PRP
also	RB
commended	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
for	IN
selecting	VBG
Dr.	NNP
Stewart	NNP
as	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
.	.
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Preston	NNP
County	NNP
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
submitted	VBD
revised	VBN
County	NNP
and	CC
School	NNP
Unified	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
for	IN
noncompliances	NNS
identified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
impact	NN
of	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
results	NNS
,	,
performance	NN
measures	NNS
,	,
and	CC
revised	VBN
county	NN
and	CC
school	NN
Unified	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
led	VBD
to	TO
a	DT
recommendation	NN
that	IN
the	DT
Preston	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
be	VB
issued	VBN
Conditional	NNP
Approval	NNP
status	NN
,	,
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
schools	NNS
be	VB
granted	VBN
Full	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
,	,
and	CC
nine	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
9	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
schools	NNS
be	VB
issued	VBN
Conditional	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
.	.
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18-2-23a	JJ
requires	VBZ
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
establish	VB
goals	NNS
for	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
An	DT
analysis	NN
of	IN
annual	JJ
performance	NN
data	NNS
and	CC
education	NN
performance	NN
audits	NN
was	VBD
presented	VBN
to	TO
assist	VB
the	DT
Board	NNP
in	IN
establishing	VBG
staff	NN
development	NN
goals	NNS
.	.
Performance	NNP
Measure	NN
4.1	CD
,	,
Student	NNP
Achievement	NNP
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
reflects	VBZ
those	DT
schools	NNS
that	WDT
did	VBD
not	RB
have	VB
the	DT
50	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
achieving	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
top	JJ
two	CD
quartiles	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
those	DT
schools	NNS
not	RB
meeting	VBG
the	DT
standard	NN
that	WDT
15	CD
percent	NN
or	CC
fewer	JJR
students	NNS
performing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
bottom	JJ
quartile	NN
or	CC
have	VB
a	DT
decreasing	VBG
trend	NN
.	.
Comprehensive	NNP
Educational	NNP
Facilities	NNP
Plan	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CEFP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
as	IN
it	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
contain	VB
a	DT
provision	NN
for	IN
the	DT
placement	NN
of	IN
two	CD
portable	JJ
classrooms	NNS
at	IN
Wayne	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Wayne	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
requested	VBD
approval	NN
to	TO
amend	VB
its	PRP$
CEFP	NNP
to	TO
include	VB
the	DT
placement	NN
of	IN
two	CD
portable	JJ
classrooms	NNS
at	IN
Wayne	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
kindergarten	NN
and	CC
second	JJ
grade	NN
class	NN
.	.
The	DT
portables	NNS
are	VBP
equipped	VBN
with	IN
restrooms	NNS
and	CC
will	MD
not	RB
house	VB
students	NNS
with	IN
special	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
School-Day	NNP
Plus	NNP
programs	NNS
for	IN
elementary	JJ
school	NN
children	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
preschool	JJ
through	IN
grade	NN
6	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
County	NNP
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
Head	NNP
Start	NNP
programs	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
private	JJ
child	NN
care	NN
providers	NNS
who	WP
establish	VBP
interagency	NN
agreements	NNS
with	IN
local	JJ
school	NN
systems	NNS
may	MD
apply	VB
for	IN
funding	NN
.	.
School-Day	NNP
Plus	NNP
grants	NNS
provide	VBP
program	NN
supervision	NN
to	TO
children	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
preschool	JJ
through	IN
grade	NN
6	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
before	RB
and	CC
after	IN
the	DT
school	NN
day	NN
or	CC
during	IN
summers	NNS
.	.
School-Day	NNP
Plus	NNP
programs	NNS
are	VBP
located	VBN
in	IN
schools	NNS
,	,
Head	NNP
Start	NNP
Centers	NNPS
,	,
or	CC
community	NN
facilities	NNS
that	WDT
meet	VBP
health	NN
and	CC
safety	NN
requirements	NNS
.	.
Within	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
three	CD
years	NNS
,	,
the	DT
funding	NN
has	VBZ
increased	VBN
from	IN
approximately	RB
$	$
500,000	CD
per	IN
year	NN
to	TO
this	DT
year	NN
's	POS
$	$
2,000,000	CD
.	.
Proposed	VBN
policy	NN
changes	NNS
are	VBP
:	:
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
's	POS
designee	NN
to	TO
the	DT
board	NN
will	MD
be	VB
a	DT
nonvoting	JJ
member	NN
;	:
b	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
each	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
and	CC
each	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
member	NN
or	CC
designee	NN
to	TO
the	DT
board	NN
will	MD
be	VB
voting	VBG
members	NNS
when	WRB
selecting	VBG
an	DT
executive	NN
;	:
c	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
adds	VBZ
one	CD
year	NN
experience	NN
in	IN
educational	JJ
administration	NN
to	TO
the	DT
qualification	NN
for	IN
the	DT
RESA	NNP
director	NN
;	:
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
deletes	VBZ
the	DT
provision	NN
that	IN
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
'	POS
designee	NN
could	MD
meet	VB
in	IN
place	NN
of	IN
the	DT
superintendent	NN
at	IN
the	DT
semi-annual	JJ
meetings	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
and	CC
chair	NN
and\/or	CC
co-chair	NN
of	IN
each	DT
Regional	NNP
Education	NNP
Service	NNP
Agency	NNP
;	:
and	CC
e	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
will	MD
designate	VB
their	PRP$
representative	NN
to	TO
the	DT
RESA	NNP
board	NN
at	IN
their	PRP$
first	JJ
meeting	NN
in	IN
July	NNP
.	.
Policy	NN
2520	CD
defines	VBZ
the	DT
instructional	JJ
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
for	IN
programs	NNS
of	IN
study	NN
required	VBN
by	IN
Policy	NNP
2510	CD
.	.
Two	CD
sets	NNS
of	IN
instructional	JJ
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
presented	VBN
:	:
Speech	NN
I	PRP
and	CC
Journalism	NNP
and	CC
Foreign	NNP
Languages	NNP
.	.
Speech	NN
I	NN
and	CC
Journalism	NN
are	VBP
two	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
commonly	RB
offered	VBN
electives	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
English	JJ
Language	NN
Arts	NNS
;	:
state-level	JJ
instructional	JJ
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
will	MD
promote	VB
consistent	JJ
quality	NN
in	IN
these	DT
course	NN
offerings	NNS
.	.
New	NNP
instructional	JJ
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
are	VBP
proposed	VBN
for	IN
Foreign	NNP
Language	NNP
Exploratory	NNP
,	,
a	DT
common	JJ
election	NN
at	IN
the	DT
middle	JJ
school	NN
level	NN
.	.
Revisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Foreign	NNP
Language	NNP
Program	NNP
of	IN
Study	NNP
,	,
Levels	NNP
I-IV	NNP
are	VBP
also	RB
included	VBN
and	CC
were	VBD
made	VBN
to	TO
clarify	VB
specific	JJ
objectives	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
add	VB
terminology	NN
unique	JJ
to	TO
second	JJ
language	NN
acquisition	NN
.	.
Approved	VBN
instructional	JJ
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
will	MD
provide	VB
the	DT
basis	NN
for	IN
designing	VBG
instructional	JJ
materials	NNS
selection	NN
criteria	NNS
.	.
Facilities	NNP
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
conduct	VB
annual	JJ
facilities	NNS
reviews	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
schools	NNS
constructed	VBN
or	CC
renovated	VBN
with	IN
funds	NNS
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
School	NNP
Building	NNP
Authority	NNP
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
findings	NNS
of	IN
those	DT
facilities	NNS
inspections	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
schools	NNS
are	VBP
provided	VBN
.	.
Policy	NNP
5112	CD
provides	VBZ
for	IN
an	DT
Athletic	JJ
Trainer	NNP
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
advise	VB
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
granting	VBG
of	IN
waivers	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
policy	NN
when	WRB
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
a	DT
fully	RB
certified	VBN
trainer	NN
.	.
Waiver	NN
requests	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
from	IN
thirty-nine	CD
schools	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
listing	NN
attached	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
All	DT
waived	VBN
persons	NNS
will	MD
serve	VB
in	IN
lieu	NN
of	IN
fully	RB
certified	VBN
athletic	JJ
trainers	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
2000-01	JJ
school	NN
term	NN
.	.
Kim	NNP
Lawrence	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
plans	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
forums	NNS
.	.
All	DT
sites	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
visited	VBN
within	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
couple	NN
of	IN
weeks	NNS
.	.
An	DT
announcement	NN
will	MD
appear	VB
in	IN
State	NNP
Ed	NNP
,	,
will	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
's	POS
website	NN
and	CC
a	DT
poster	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
being	VBG
designed	VBN
.	.
Fernando	NNP
Ibanez	NNP
is	VBZ
working	VBG
to	TO
make	VB
registration	NN
for	IN
the	DT
forums	NNS
available	JJ
on-line	JJ
and	CC
on-line	JJ
text	NN
versions	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
forum	NN
event	NN
as	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
occurring	VBG
.	.
Jim	NNP
Mc	NNP
Knight	NNP
will	MD
serve	VB
as	IN
moderator	NN
at	IN
each	DT
forum	NN
.	.
Karen	NNP
Larry	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
ultimate	JJ
goal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
forums	NNS
.	.
General	NNP
consensus	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
obtain	VB
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
items	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
would	MD
reduce	VB
to	TO
approximately	RB
ten	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
10	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
goals	NNS
that	WDT
would	MD
be	VB
shared	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNPS
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
for	IN
use	NN
as	IN
a	DT
strategic	JJ
plan	NN
.	.
President	NNP
Mathews	NNP
requested	VBD
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
issue	VB
questions	NNS
and	CC
concerns	NNS
.	.
President	NNP
Billie	NNP
Frye	NNP
in	IN
response	NN
indicated	VBD
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
increase	VB
curriculum	NN
offerings	NNS
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
elective	JJ
classes	NNS
in	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
stated	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
is	VBZ
willing	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
betterment	NN
of	IN
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
William	NNP
K.	NNP
President	NNP
Frye	NNP
called	VBD
for	IN
a	DT
motion	NN
to	TO
adjourn	VB
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Fred	NNP
Curry	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
Bill	NNP
Workman	NNP
the	DT
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
meeting	NN
was	VBD
adjourned	VBN
at	IN
8:58	CD
a.m.	NN
and	CC
President	NNP
Mathews	NNP
recessed	VBD
the	DT
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
County	NNP
school	NN
System	NNP
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Pendleton	NNP
County	NNP
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
submitted	VBD
revised	VBN
County	NNP
and	CC
School	NNP
Unified	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
for	IN
noncompliances	NNS
identified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
team	NN
.	.
Only	RB
one	CD
plan	NN
of	IN
compliance	NN
was	VBD
accepted	VBN
and	CC
that	IN
school	NN
is	VBZ
eligible	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
accreditation	NN
status	NN
.	.
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Wayne	NNP
County	NNP
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
submitted	VBD
revised	VBN
County	NNP
and	CC
School	NNP
Unified	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
for	IN
noncompliances	NNS
identified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
Ritchie	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
requests	NNS
approval	NN
of	IN
an	DT
amendment	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
CEFP	NNP
to	TO
include	VB
the	DT
placement	NN
of	IN
two	CD
portable	JJ
classrooms	NNS
at	IN
Harrisville	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
The	DT
classrooms	NNS
will	MD
not	RB
house	VB
special	JJ
education	NN
students	NNS
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
equipped	VBN
with	IN
restrooms	NNS
.	.
The	DT
anticipated	JJ
removal	NN
date	NN
for	IN
these	DT
portable	JJ
classrooms	NNS
is	VBZ
June	NNP
2005	CD
.	.
Attachment	NN
T.	NNP
Mary	NNP
Kay	NNP
Harrison	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
revision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
bring	VB
it	PRP
into	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
regulatory	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
nutrition	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Approval	NN
will	MD
allow	VB
the	DT
Department	NNP
to	TO
assist	VB
counties	NNS
in	IN
complying	VBG
with	IN
United	NNP
States	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Agriculture	NNP
regulations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
comment	NN
period	NN
ended	VBD
June	NNP
12	CD
,	,
2000	CD
,	,
with	IN
one	CD
comment	NN
being	VBG
received	VBN
.	.
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
-	:
Approval	NN
of	IN
Educational	NNP
Personnel	NNP
Programs	NNP
,	,
requires	VBZ
all	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
higher	JJR
education	NN
institutions	NNS
to	TO
complete	VB
an	DT
annual	JJ
report	NN
on	IN
July	NNP
1	CD
of	IN
each	DT
year	NN
.	.
John	NNP
Hough	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Professional	NNP
Preparation	NNP
compiles	VBZ
a	DT
document	NN
entitled	VBN
Approved	NNP
Educational	NNP
Preparation	NNP
Programs	NNP
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Universities	NNS
2000-2001	CD
and	CC
distributes	VBZ
this	DT
document	NN
throughout	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
This	DT
year	NN
's	POS
document	NN
reflects	VBZ
all	PDT
the	DT
changes	NNS
the	DT
higher	JJR
education	NN
institutions	NNS
made	VBD
to	TO
align	VB
their	PRP$
professional	JJ
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
changes	NNS
contained	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
revised	VBN
Policy	NN
5100	NN
passed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
in	IN
January	NNP
2000	CD
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
is	VBZ
required	VBN
under	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-8e	NNP
to	TO
make	VB
available	JJ
competency	NN
tests	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
various	JJ
school	NN
service	NN
personnel	NNS
classifications	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
establish	VB
passing	VBG
scores	NNS
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
tests	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
a	DT
uniform	JJ
means	NNS
to	TO
determine	VB
qualifications	NNS
of	IN
applicants	NNS
applying	VBG
for	IN
employment	NN
.	.
The	DT
competency	NN
tests	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
utilized	VBN
for	IN
new	JJ
employees	NNS
or	CC
existing	VBG
employees	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
applying	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
position	NN
in	IN
a	DT
different	JJ
classification	NN
.	.
Adam	NNP
Sponaugle	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
implementation	NN
committee	NN
that	WDT
included	VBD
representatives	NNS
from	IN
school	NN
service	NN
personnel	NNS
,	,
county	NN
personnel	NNS
directors	NNS
and	CC
vocational	JJ
administrators	NNS
assisted	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
process	NN
.	.
The	DT
revised	VBN
tests	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
validated	VBN
and	CC
cutoff	NN
scores	NNS
recommended	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
classification	NN
areas	NNS
of	IN
Carpenter	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
,	,
II	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
Heating	NN
and	CC
Air	NNP
Conditioning	NNP
Mechanic	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
I	PRP
,	,
II	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
A	DT
new	JJ
test	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
developed	VBN
for	IN
Inventory	NNP
Supervisor	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
also	RB
been	VBN
validated	VBN
and	CC
has	VBZ
recommended	VBN
cutoff	NN
scores	NNS
.	.
Adam	NNP
Sponaugle	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
top	JJ
priorities	NNS
for	IN
Technical	NNP
and	CC
Adult	NNP
Education	NNP
programs	NNS
is	VBZ
for	IN
students	NNS
to	TO
have	VB
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
earn	VB
industry-recognized	JJ
credentials	NNS
upon	IN
completion	NN
of	IN
a	DT
technical	JJ
and	CC
adult	JJ
education	NN
program	NN
.	.
Certain	JJ
credentials	NNS
are	VBP
prerequisites	NNS
for	IN
employment	NN
in	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
field	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
state	NN
license	NN
for	IN
Licensed	NNP
Practical	NNP
Nurses	NNPS
and	CC
the	DT
state	NN
license	NN
for	IN
Cosmetologists	NNS
.	.
Other	JJ
credentials	NNS
allow	VBP
students	NNS
to	TO
gain	VB
an	DT
advantage	NN
in	IN
the	DT
competitive	JJ
workplace	NN
,	,
e.g.	FW
,	,
Automotive	NNP
Service	NNP
Excellence	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ASE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
Certificate	NNP
,	,
Certified	NNP
Electronic	NNP
Technicians	NNPS
,	,
Pro-Start	NNP
-	:
National	NNP
Restaurant	NNP
Association	NNP
,	,
Microsoft	NNP
Office	NNP
User	NNP
Specialists	NNPS
-LRB-	-LRB-
MOUS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
CISCO	NNP
Networking	NNP
Academies	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
training	NN
standards	NNS
review	VB
committee	NN
approves	VBZ
programs	NNS
through	IN
which	WDT
county	NN
school	NN
board	NN
members	NNS
may	MD
obtain	VB
training	NN
hours	NNS
as	IN
required	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
.	.
The	DT
procedures	NNS
of	IN
operation	NN
are	VBP
reviewed	VBN
every	DT
other	JJ
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
procedures	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
revised	VBN
slightly	RB
and	CC
are	VBP
recommended	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
committee	NN
itself	PRP
.	.
Howard	NNP
O'Cull	NNP
provided	VBD
a	DT
brief	JJ
overview	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
revisions	NNS
and	CC
indicated	VBD
that	IN
on	IN
page	NN
6	CD
,	,
lines	NNS
104	CD
and	CC
106	CD
,	,
the	DT
month	NN
should	MD
be	VB
July	NNP
not	RB
June	NNP
.	.
This	DT
document	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
U.	NNP
S.	NNP
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
in	IN
order	NN
for	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
to	TO
be	VB
eligible	JJ
for	IN
special	JJ
education	NN
funds	NNS
.	.
Dee	NNP
Bodkins	NNP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
document	NN
contains	VBZ
revisions	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
regulations	NNS
,	,
procedures	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
documents	NNS
that	WDT
show	VBP
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
is	VBZ
meeting	VBG
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
section	NN
612	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
Individuals	NNS
with	IN
Disabilities	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Mathews	NNP
addressed	VBD
the	DT
group	NN
regarding	VBG
her	PRP$
tenure	NN
as	IN
President	NNP
thanking	VBG
all	DT
involved	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
very	RB
profitable	JJ
year	NN
filled	VBN
with	IN
major	JJ
accomplishments	NNS
.	.
President	NNP
Mathews	NNP
was	VBD
commended	VBN
for	IN
her	PRP$
exemplary	JJ
leadership	NN
.	.
McBride	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Mountaineer	NNP
Melodies	NNPS
,	,
a	DT
musical	JJ
troupe	NN
comprised	VBD
of	IN
elementary	JJ
age	NN
students	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
School	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
School	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Blind	NNP
,	,
provided	VBD
a	DT
musical	JJ
welcome	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
and	CC
staff	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Blind	NNP
.	.
MacCallum	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
J.	NNP
D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
by	IN
unanimous	JJ
vote	NN
,	,
found	VBD
that	IN
major	JJ
deficiencies	NNS
remain	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
school	NN
system	NN
that	WDT
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
adequately	RB
addressed	VBN
and	CC
that	IN
adequate	JJ
progress	NN
had	VBD
not	RB
been	VBN
made	VBN
in	IN
correcting	VBG
the	DT
emergency	NN
declared	VBD
in	IN
October	NNP
1999	CD
.	.
Upon	IN
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
and	CC
by	IN
motion	NN
of	IN
J.	NNP
D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
Jim	NNP
L.	NNP
McKnight	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
by	IN
unanimous	JJ
vote	NN
,	,
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
its	PRP$
constitutional	JJ
and	CC
statutory	JJ
authority	NN
under	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18-2E-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
k	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
intervened	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
school	NN
system	NN
to	TO
cause	VB
improvements	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
made	VBN
that	DT
will	MD
provide	VB
assurances	NNS
that	IN
a	DT
thorough	JJ
and	CC
efficient	JJ
system	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
MacCallum	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
Jim	NNP
L.	NNP
McKnight	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
by	IN
unanimous	JJ
vote	NN
,	,
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
its	PRP$
constitutional	JJ
and	CC
statutory	JJ
authority	NN
under	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18-2E-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
k	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
limited	VBD
the	DT
authority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
as	IN
to	TO
the	DT
expenditure	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
,	,
the	DT
employment	NN
and	CC
dismissal	NN
of	IN
personnel	NNS
,	,
the	DT
establishment	NN
and	CC
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
calendar	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
establishment	NN
of	IN
instructional	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
rules	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
that	IN
the	DT
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
may	MD
take	VB
no	DT
action	NN
in	IN
any	DT
of	IN
these	DT
areas	NNS
without	IN
the	DT
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
.	.
Chapman	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
Jim	NNP
L.	NNP
McKnight	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
by	IN
unanimous	JJ
vote	NN
,	,
requested	VBD
monthly	JJ
status	NN
reports	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
or	CC
his	PRP$
designee	NN
regarding	VBG
progress	NN
toward	IN
correcting	VBG
the	DT
non-approval	JJ
status	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
school	NN
system	NN
.	.
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audit	NNP
Team	NNP
returned	VBD
to	TO
Webster	NNP
County	NNP
May	NNP
24	CD
,	,
2000	CD
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
return	NN
team	NN
visit	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
verify	VB
correction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
noncompliances	NNS
identified	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
on-site	JJ
review	NN
.	.
Seven	CD
comments	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
comment	NN
period	NN
.	.
All	DT
seven	CD
respondents	NNS
recommended	VBD
deletion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
phrase	NN
''	''
...	:
in	IN
an	DT
area	NN
relevant	JJ
to	TO
current	JJ
or	CC
anticipated	JJ
employment	NN
with	IN
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
''	''
Consequently	RB
,	,
this	DT
phrase	NN
was	VBD
deleted	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
policy	NN
.	.
This	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
only	JJ
change	NN
made	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
policy	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
comment	NN
period	NN
.	.
Two	CD
changes	NNS
were	VBD
needed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
policy	NN
as	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
presented	VBN
in	IN
May	NNP
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
would	MD
change	VB
``	``
7200	CD
minutes	NNS
''	''
to	TO
``	``
8100	CD
minutes	NNS
in	IN
Section	NN
7.2.12	CD
of	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
.	.
This	DT
change	NN
would	MD
require	VB
a	DT
county	NN
proposing	VBG
to	TO
schedule	VB
a	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
credit	NN
course	NN
for	IN
fewer	JJR
than	IN
8100	CD
minutes	NNS
to	TO
obtain	VB
a	DT
waiver	NN
from	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
The	DT
second	JJ
would	MD
change	VB
the	DT
definition	NN
of	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
rigorous	JJ
course	NN
in	IN
Section	NN
8.2.10	CD
.	.
b.B.	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
B	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
so	RB
that	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
limited	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
content	JJ
area	NN
of	IN
the	DT
course	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
it	PRP
is	VBZ
being	VBG
substituted	VBN
.	.
The	DT
calendars	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
2000-2001	CD
school	NN
year	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
's	POS
education	NN
programs	NNS
in	IN
state	NN
correctional	JJ
institutions	NNS
,	,
regional	JJ
jails	NNS
,	,
health	NN
and	CC
human	JJ
service	NN
institutions	NNS
and	CC
juvenile	JJ
detention	NN
centers	NNS
were	VBD
submitted	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
approval	NN
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
calendars	NNS
define	VBP
the	DT
employment	NN
term	NN
for	IN
staff	NN
and	CC
the	DT
instructional	JJ
term	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
.	.
Employment	NNP
of	IN
staff	NN
for	IN
the	DT
extended	JJ
school	NN
term	NN
beyond	IN
June	NNP
30	CD
,	,
2001	CD
,	,
is	VBZ
designated	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
calendars	NNS
as	IN
contingent	JJ
upon	IN
funding	VBG
for	IN
FY-2002	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
.	.
S.	NNP
B.	NNP
653	CD
,	,
the	DT
higher	JJR
education	NN
bill	NN
,	,
passed	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
2000	CD
legislative	JJ
session	NN
,	,
requires	VBZ
the	DT
creation	NN
of	IN
two	CD
task	NN
forces	NNS
,	,
one	CD
on	IN
teacher	NN
quality	NN
and	CC
one	CD
on	IN
student	NN
financial	JJ
aid	NN
.	.
Both	DT
task	NN
forces	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
chaired	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
chancellor	NN
for	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
must	MD
select	VB
five	CD
members	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
quality	NN
task	NN
force	NN
and	CC
four	CD
members	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
student	NN
financial	JJ
aid	NN
task	NN
force	NN
.	.
Due	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
minor	JJ
technicality	NN
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
Stewart	NNP
recommended	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
rescind	VBP
the	DT
action	NN
previously	RB
taken	VBN
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
proposed	VBN
changes	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Secondary	JJ
School	NNP
Activities	NNPS
Commission	NNP
rules	NNS
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
J.	NNP
D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
Jim	NNP
L.	NNP
McKnight	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
rescinded	VBD
its	PRP$
previous	JJ
action	NN
in	IN
this	DT
matter	NN
with	IN
the	DT
understanding	NN
that	IN
this	DT
item	NN
will	MD
be	VB
brought	VBN
back	RP
before	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
at	IN
its	PRP$
July	NNP
meeting	NN
for	IN
consideration	NN
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
reaffirmed	VBD
today	NN
that	IN
David	NNP
Stewart	NNP
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
for	IN
an	DT
indeterminate	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
time	NN
while	IN
the	DT
superintendent	NN
search	NN
process	NN
continues	VBZ
.	.
A	DT
team	NN
is	VBZ
visiting	VBG
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
this	DT
week	NN
and	CC
may	MD
need	VB
to	TO
return	VB
next	JJ
week	NN
with	IN
a	DT
report	NN
to	TO
be	VB
available	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
June	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
Wyoming	NNP
County	NNP
has	VBZ
recently	RB
undergone	VBN
review	NN
and	CC
the	DT
report	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
compiled	VBN
.	.
The	DT
remaining	VBG
six	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
6	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
plans	VBZ
Returned	NNP
for	IN
Revisions	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
resubmitted	VBN
for	IN
State	NNP
Board	NNP
approval	NN
.	.
Attachment	NN
C	NNP
summarizes	VBZ
the	DT
revised	VBN
components	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
Unified	NNP
County	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
.	.
The	DT
six	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
6	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
revised	VBN
plans	NNS
are	VBP
recommended	VBN
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
data	NNS
and	CC
results	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
recommended	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
Lewis	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
be	VB
issued	VBN
Temporary	NNP
Approval	NNP
status	NN
,	,
one	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
school	NN
be	VB
granted	VBN
Full	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
,	,
five	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
5	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
schools	NNS
be	VB
issued	VBN
Temporary	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
,	,
and	CC
one	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
school	NN
remain	VBP
Seriously	RB
Impaired	VBN
.	.
Comments	NNS
received	VBD
totaled	VBN
374	CD
.	.
Of	IN
those	DT
comments	NNS
,	,
156	CD
voiced	VBD
total	JJ
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
recommended	VBN
revisions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
revisions	NNS
recommended	VBD
involved	VBN
rewording	VBG
the	DT
existing	VBG
objectives	NNS
for	IN
further	JJ
clarity	NN
.	.
Other	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
concern	NN
,	,
including	VBG
Title	NN
I	PRP
and	CC
use	NN
of	IN
bold	JJ
type	NN
for	IN
specific	JJ
instructional	JJ
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
,	,
were	VBD
addressed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
following	VBG
major	JJ
changes	NNS
were	VBD
made	VBN
to	TO
Policy	NNP
2510	CD
:	:
all	DT
references	NNS
to	TO
8100	CD
minutes	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
credit	NN
course	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
eliminated	VBN
.	.
A	DT
new	JJ
section	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
7.2.12	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
has	VBZ
been	VBN
added	VBN
that	IN
requires	VBZ
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
obtain	VB
a	DT
waiver	NN
from	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
if	IN
it	PRP
proposes	VBZ
to	TO
schedule	VB
fewer	JJR
than	IN
7200	CD
minutes	NNS
for	IN
credit	NN
courses	NNS
;	:
the	DT
definitions	NNS
and	CC
examples	NNS
of	IN
``	``
higher	JJR
level	NN
course	NN
''	''
and	CC
``	``
more	RBR
rigorous	JJ
course	NN
''	''
have	VBP
been	VBN
changed	VBN
so	RB
that	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
rigorous	JJ
course	NN
may	MD
be	VB
in	IN
any	DT
content	JJ
area	NN
;	:
the	DT
Robert	NNP
C.	NNP
Beach	NNP
Vocational	NNP
Agriculture	NNP
Credit	NNP
is	VBZ
defined	VBN
;	:
and	CC
,	,
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Policy	NN
2510	CD
have	VBP
been	VBN
aligned	VBN
with	IN
Policy	NNP
2419	CD
.	.
Policy	NN
4320	CD
is	VBZ
being	VBG
revised	VBN
to	TO
bring	VB
the	DT
policy	NN
in	IN
line	NN
with	IN
regulatory	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
nutrition	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Approval	NN
will	MD
allow	VB
the	DT
Department	NNP
to	TO
assist	VB
counties	NNS
in	IN
complying	VBG
with	IN
United	NNP
States	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Agriculture	NNP
regulations	NNS
.	.
Policy	NNP
4355	CD
is	VBZ
the	DT
result	NN
of	IN
House	NNP
Bill	NNP
4078	CD
that	WDT
requires	VBZ
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
promulgate	VB
rules	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
identification	NN
of	IN
eligible	JJ
veterans	NNS
and	CC
for	IN
the	DT
awarding	NN
of	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
diplomas	NNS
to	TO
those	DT
veterans	NNS
who	WP
served	VBD
in	IN
World	NNP
War	NNP
I	PRP
,	,
World	NNP
War	NNP
II	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Korean	JJ
Conflict	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Vietnam	NNP
Conflict	NNP
but	CC
who	WP
did	VBD
not	RB
graduate	NN
from	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
.	.
Personnel	NNP
and	CC
Advanced	NNP
Salary	NNP
Classifications	NNPS
,	,
was	VBD
recently	RB
revised	VBN
.	.
The	DT
revisions	NNS
included	VBD
changing	VBG
the	DT
grade	NN
level	NN
configurations	NNS
of	IN
endorsements	NNS
for	IN
student	NN
support	NN
and	CC
administrative	JJ
specializations	NNS
from	IN
K-12	NN
to	TO
``	``
not	RB
specified	VBN
.	.
''	''
These	DT
changes	NNS
were	VBD
made	VBN
to	TO
accommodate	VB
the	DT
growing	VBG
number	NN
of	IN
preschool	JJ
programs	NNS
in	IN
our	PRP$
public	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Department	NNP
proposed	VBD
advising	VBG
county	NN
superintendents	NNS
that	WDT
individuals	NNS
who	WP
hold	VBP
licensure	NN
reflecting	VBG
the	DT
following	VBG
endorsements	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
kindergarten	NN
or	CC
first-grade	JJ
level	NN
may	MD
work	VB
with	IN
kindergarten	NN
and\/or	CC
preschool	JJ
students	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
licensure	NN
:	:
counselor	NN
,	,
education	NN
audiologist	NN
,	,
principal	NN
,	,
superintendent	NN
,	,
supervisor	NN
of	IN
instruction	NN
,	,
hearing	VBG
impaired	VBN
,	,
vision	NN
impaired	VBN
,	,
art	NN
,	,
music	NN
and	CC
physical	JJ
education	NN
.	.
These	DT
individuals	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
replace	VB
the	DT
regular	JJ
preschool	JJ
teacher	NN
of	IN
deliver	VB
the	DT
preschool	JJ
curriculum	NN
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
supply	VB
services	NNS
,	,
provide	VBP
administrative	JJ
support	NN
,	,
or	CC
augment	VB
the	DT
curriculum	NN
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
the	DT
Pre-Professional	NNP
Skills	NNS
Tests	NNS
passage	NN
rates	NNS
for	IN
candidates	NNS
with	IN
master	NN
's	POS
degrees	NNS
were	VBD
recently	RB
reviewed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Department	NNP
also	RB
proposed	VBD
,	,
effective	JJ
immediately	RB
,	,
that	IN
a	DT
candidate	NN
for	IN
licensure	NN
who	WP
holds	VBZ
a	DT
master	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
or	CC
higher	JJR
from	IN
an	DT
accredited	VBN
institution	NN
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
exempt	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
Pre-Professional	NNP
Skills	NNS
Tests	NNS
in	IN
reading	NN
,	,
writing	VBG
and	CC
math	NN
.	.
State	NNP
Board	NNP
reviewed	VBD
the	DT
UCIPs	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
March	NNP
meeting	NN
and	CC
returned	VBD
25	CD
of	IN
the	DT
plans	NNS
for	IN
further	JJ
revisions	NNS
.	.
Nineteen	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
25	CD
plans	NNS
Returned	VBN
for	IN
Revisions	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
resubmitted	VBN
for	IN
State	NNP
Board	NNP
approval	NN
.	.
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Brooke	NNP
County	NNP
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
submitted	VBD
revised	VBN
County	NNP
and	CC
School	NNP
Unified	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
for	IN
noncompliances	NNS
identified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
team	NN
.	.
All	DT
plans	NNS
contained	VBD
the	DT
required	VBN
components	NNS
and	CC
those	DT
schools	NNS
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
accreditation	NN
status	NN
.	.
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Raleigh	NNP
County	NNP
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
submitted	VBD
revised	VBN
County	NNP
and	CC
School	NNP
Unified	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
for	IN
noncompliances	NNS
identified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
team	NN
.	.
All	DT
plans	NNS
contained	VBD
the	DT
required	VBN
components	NNS
and	CC
those	DT
schools	NNS
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
accreditation	NN
status	NN
.	.
Audit	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
recommended	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
Summers	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
be	VB
granted	VBN
Full	NNP
Approval	NNP
status	NN
and	CC
that	IN
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
Summers	NNP
County	NNP
schools	NNS
be	VB
granted	VBN
Full	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
and	CC
two	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
schools	NNS
be	VB
issued	VBN
Conditional	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
.	.
Dale	NNP
Lee	NNP
provided	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
an	DT
update	VB
of	IN
Commission	NNP
activities	NNS
.	.
President	NNP
Mathews	NNP
advised	VBD
Mr.	NNP
Lee	NNP
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
meet	VB
with	IN
Commission	NNP
representative	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
on	IN
a	DT
quarterly	JJ
basis	NN
to	TO
keep	VB
abreast	RB
of	IN
initiatives\/activities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
at	IN
its	PRP$
March	NNP
9	CD
meeting	NN
appointed	VBN
improvement	NN
consultant	NN
teams	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
of	IN
eight	CD
schools	NNS
given	VBN
Seriously	RB
Impaired	VBN
status	NN
.	.
Each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
eight	CD
teams	NNS
has	VBZ
visited	VBN
their	PRP$
respective	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
made	VBN
recommendations	NNS
for	IN
improvement	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
eliminate	VB
the	DT
Seriously	RB
Impaired	VBN
status	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
in	IN
part	NN
on	IN
many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
comments	NNS
received	VBD
,	,
we	PRP
recommend	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
placed	VBN
on	IN
comment	NN
be	VB
revised	VBN
to	TO
include	VB
orientation	NN
and	CC
continuing	VBG
education	NN
requirements	NNS
that	WDT
holders	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
administrative	JJ
credential	NN
must	MD
meet	VB
after	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
obtained	VBN
a	DT
position	NN
as	IN
a	DT
principal	NN
,	,
vocational	JJ
administrator	NN
,	,
superintendent	NN
or	CC
central	JJ
office	NN
staff	NN
member	NN
.	.
The	DT
membership	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Secondary	JJ
School	NNP
Activities	NNPS
Commission	NNP
proposed	VBD
changes	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
rules	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
that	WDT
govern	VBP
interscholastic	JJ
activities	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
member	NN
schools	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
and	CC
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
revisions	NNS
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
until	IN
May	NNP
17	CD
,	,
2000	CD
.	.
``	``
A	DT
bend	VB
in	IN
the	DT
road	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
road	NN
unless	IN
you	PRP
fail	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
turn	NN
.	.
''	''
After	IN
a	DT
lifetime	NN
in	IN
education	NN
as	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
,	,
a	DT
local	JJ
superintendent	NN
and	CC
almost	RB
eleven	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
service	NN
as	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
the	DT
time	NN
has	VBZ
come	VBN
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
that	DT
turn	NN
and	CC
step	VB
aside	RB
as	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
hope	NN
that	IN
this	DT
decision	NN
will	MD
end	VB
the	DT
relentless	JJ
acrimony	NN
directed	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
state	NN
education	NN
establishment	NN
and	CC
the	DT
focus	NN
will	MD
once	RB
more	RBR
be	VB
upon	IN
providing	VBG
a	DT
high	JJ
quality	NN
education	NN
to	TO
the	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
devoted	VBN
my	PRP$
life	NN
to	TO
public	JJ
service	NN
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
my	PRP$
personal	JJ
privilege	NN
to	TO
serve	VB
the	DT
State	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
its	PRP$
citizens	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
confident	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
state	NN
of	IN
education	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
is	VBZ
better	JJR
than	IN
when	WRB
I	PRP
began	VBD
11	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
blessed	VBN
throughout	IN
my	PRP$
professional	JJ
life	NN
by	IN
having	VBG
enormously	RB
bright	JJ
and	CC
capable	JJ
people	NNS
surround	VBP
me	PRP
-	:
my	PRP$
family	NN
,	,
especially	RB
my	PRP$
wife	NN
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Mary	NNP
Marockie	NNP
,	,
my	PRP$
staff	NN
,	,
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
which	WDT
have	VBP
employed	VBN
me	PRP
in	IN
Wood	NNP
and	CC
Ohio	NNP
counties	NNS
and	CC
in	IN
state	NN
government	NN
,	,
outstanding	JJ
leadership	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Gubernatorial	NNP
and	CC
legislative	JJ
levels	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
great	JJ
education	NN
community	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
to	TO
approve	VB
my	PRP$
request	NN
to	TO
step	VB
aside	RB
as	IN
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
and	CC
be	VB
placed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
position	NN
of	IN
assisting	VBG
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
preparation	NN
of	IN
and	CC
testimony	NN
in	IN
the	DT
ongoing	JJ
hearing	NN
in	IN
Tomblin	NNP
v.	CC
Gainer	NNP
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
finance	NN
case	NN
which	WDT
will	MD
continue	VB
on	IN
April	NNP
3	CD
,	,
2000	CD
in	IN
Kanawha	NNP
County	NNP
Circuit	NNP
Court	NNP
before	IN
Special	JJ
Judge	NNP
Arthur	NNP
Recht	NNP
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Staff	NNP
Development	NNP
Advisory	NNP
Council	NNP
worked	VBD
for	IN
months	NNS
to	TO
determine	VB
needs	NNS
and	CC
craft	NN
a	DT
coordinated	VBN
professional	JJ
development	NN
plan	NN
for	IN
professional	JJ
educators	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Both	DT
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Legislative	NNP
Oversight	NNP
Commission	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
LOCEA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
gave	VBD
the	DT
Council	NNP
additional	JJ
time	NN
to	TO
complete	VB
its	PRP$
work	NN
and	CC
allowed	VBD
it	PRP
to	TO
present	VB
the	DT
Master	NNP
Plan	NNP
for	IN
approval	NN
without	IN
having	VBG
issued	VBN
a	DT
proposed	VBN
plan	NN
.	.
Council	NNP
's	POS
February	NNP
7	CD
letter	NN
to	TO
President	NNP
Mathews	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Council	NNP
strongly	RB
believes	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
quality	NN
and	CC
coordination	NN
of	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
greatly	RB
improved	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
21	CD
months	NNS
since	IN
its	PRP$
work	NN
began	VBD
.	.
Graduates	NNS
,	,
Inc.	NNP
.	.
Until	IN
recently	RB
,	,
the	DT
program	NN
did	VBD
not	RB
make	VB
certification	NN
a	DT
prerequisite	NN
for	IN
employment	NN
and	CC
two	CD
individuals	NNS
hired	VBD
within	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
two	CD
years	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
qualify	VB
for	IN
certification	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
their	PRP$
grade	NN
point	NN
average	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
G.P.A.	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Unified	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
,	,
locally	RB
identified	VBN
needs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
school	NN
performance	NN
data	NNS
.	.
The	DT
plan	NN
specifies	VBZ
strategies	NNS
for	IN
meeting	NN
high	JJ
quality	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
performance	NN
measures	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
met	VBN
.	.
President	NNP
Mathews	NNP
requested	VBD
Board	NNP
members	NNS
to	TO
advise	VB
her	PRP$
of	IN
their	PRP$
availability	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
on	IN
March	NNP
8	CD
,	,
2000	CD
,	,
with	IN
RESA	NNP
Directors	NNS
and	CC
also	RB
to	TO
discuss	VB
issues	NNS
regarding	VBG
coordinated	VBN
staff	NN
development	NN
,	,
the	DT
testing	NN
program	NN
and	CC
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
education	NN
summit	NN
.	.
All	DT
present	JJ
members	NNS
advised	VBD
that	IN
they	PRP
could	MD
accommodate	VB
the	DT
March	NNP
8th	JJ
date	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
returned	VBD
from	IN
Executive	NNP
Session	NN
at	IN
5:19	CD
p.m.	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
time	NN
President	NNP
Mathews	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
no	DT
decisions	NNS
were	VBD
made	VBN
and	CC
no	DT
business	NN
was	VBD
transacted	VBN
.	.
On	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
behalf	NN
,	,
President	NNP
Mathews	NNP
released	VBD
the	DT
following	JJ
statement	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
had	VBD
a	DT
frank	JJ
discussion	NN
with	IN
Dr.	NNP
Marockie	NNP
concerning	VBG
the	DT
situation	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
continued	JJ
employment	NN
and	CC
received	VBD
an	DT
update	VB
on	IN
the	DT
investigation	NN
.	.
We	PRP
discussed	VBD
the	DT
matter	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
the	DT
legislature	NN
,	,
the	DT
Governor	NNP
's	POS
office	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
productivity	NN
and	CC
morale	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
as	IN
it	PRP
relates	VBZ
to	TO
his	PRP$
duties	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
impact	NN
on	IN
the	DT
children	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Mason	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
requests	NNS
approval	NN
of	IN
an	DT
amendment	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
CEFP	NNP
to	TO
include	VB
the	DT
construction	NN
of	IN
a	DT
multi-purpose	JJ
room\/cafeteria	NN
and	CC
classroom	NN
renovations	NNS
at	IN
New	NNP
Haven	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
Rand	NNP
effective	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
1999-00	CD
school	NN
term	NN
.	.
Approval	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
requested	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
closure	NN
of	IN
Midway	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
2000-01	JJ
school	NN
term	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
Kanawha	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
receives	VBZ
funding	NN
for	IN
the	DT
construction	NN
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
elementary	JJ
center	NN
to	TO
serve	VB
the	DT
Midway	NNP
attendance	NN
area	NN
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
closure	NN
of	IN
Midway	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
delayed	VBN
until	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
elementary	JJ
center	NN
is	VBZ
constructed	VBN
.	.
Chancellor	NNP
Charles	NNP
W.	NNP
Manning	NNP
provided	VBD
a	DT
presentation	NN
regarding	VBG
a	DT
study	NN
conducted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Higher	JJR
Education	NNP
Management	NNP
Systems	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NCHEMS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
regarding	VBG
higher	JJR
education	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Manning	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
legislative	JJ
bill	NN
,	,
incorporating	VBG
findings	NNS
from	IN
this	DT
study	NN
,	,
will	MD
be	VB
introduced	VBN
next	JJ
week	NN
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
this	DT
Board	NNP
item	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
seek	VB
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
to	TO
place	VB
Policy	NN
2510	CD
out	RP
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
for	IN
an	DT
additional	JJ
period	NN
because	IN
of	IN
changes	NNS
made	VBN
in	IN
response	NN
to	TO
comments	NNS
already	RB
received	VBN
and	CC
further	JJ
revisions	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
been	VBN
brought	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
attention	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
staff	NN
,	,
especially	RB
the	DT
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
policy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Robert	NNP
C.	NNP
Beach	NNP
Vocational	NNP
Agricultural	NNP
Credit	NNP
.	.
Major	JJ
proposed	VBN
revisions	NNS
will	MD
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
guarantee	VBP
uniformity	NN
of	IN
time	NN
requirements	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
credit	NN
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
provide	VBP
consistency	NN
in	IN
testing	VBG
out	RP
procedures	NNS
developed	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
county	NN
level	NN
;	:
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
formalize	VBP
guidelines	NNS
for	IN
substitution	NN
of	IN
more	JJR
rigorous	JJ
courses	NNS
for	IN
career	NN
major	JJ
courses	NNS
and	CC
recommended	VBD
elective	JJ
courses	NNS
;	:
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
provide	VBP
guidelines	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Robert	NNP
C.	NNP
Beach	NNP
Vocational	NNP
Agriculture	NNP
Credit	NNP
;	:
and	CC
5	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
align	VBP
Policy	NN
2510	CD
with	IN
Policy	NN
2419	CD
.	.
RESAs	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
.	.
Staff	NN
from	IN
both	DT
agencies	NNS
have	VBP
met	VBN
several	JJ
times	NNS
and	CC
shared	VBN
information	NN
.	.
The	DT
resulting	VBG
plan	NN
defines	VBZ
terms	NNS
and	CC
reporting	NN
requirements	NNS
for	IN
standardized	JJ
reporting	NN
of	IN
computer	NN
repairs	NNS
for	IN
state-funded	JJ
programs	NNS
.	.
Education	NNP
Act	NNP
of	IN
1998	CD
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
submit	VB
a	DT
Plan	NN
covering	VBG
four	CD
fiscal	JJ
years	NNS
2001-2004	CD
.	.
The	DT
Plan	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
developed	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
federal	JJ
legislation	NN
and	CC
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
submitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
by	IN
April	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2000	CD
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
projected	VBN
that	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
will	MD
receive	VB
approximately	RB
$	$
9	CD
million	CD
per	IN
year	NN
for	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
four	CD
years	NNS
.	.
The	DT
federal	JJ
funds	NNS
are	VBP
divided	VBN
between	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
for	IN
Community	NNP
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
based	VBN
on	IN
enrollment	NN
computed	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
full-time	JJ
equivalency	NN
.	.
Approximately	RB
77	CD
%	NN
of	IN
the	DT
funds	NNS
will	MD
come	VB
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
for	IN
operation	NN
of	IN
vocational	JJ
education	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Higher	JJR
education	NN
will	MD
receive	VB
approximately	RB
23	CD
%	NN
of	IN
the	DT
funds	NNS
.	.
Education	NNP
was	VBD
designated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
legislature	NN
in	IN
1990	CD
as	IN
the	DT
sole	JJ
state	NN
agency	NN
for	IN
receiving	VBG
vocational	JJ
education	NN
funds	NNS
under	IN
the	DT
Carl	NNP
D.	NNP
Perkins	NNP
Vocational-Technical	NNP
Education	NNP
Act	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Plan	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
by	IN
that	DT
agency	NN
to	TO
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
this	DT
Board	NNP
item	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
seek	VB
the	DT
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
to	TO
place	VB
the	DT
revised	VBN
Instructional	NNP
Goals	NNP
and	CC
Objectives	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
K-3	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
English	JJ
Language	NN
Arts	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
are	VBP
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Policy	NN
2520	CD
,	,
out	RB
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
revisions	NNS
address	VBP
current	JJ
national	JJ
reading	NN
research	NN
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Reading	VBG
Plan	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Reading	VBG
For	IN
All	PDT
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
focus	VB
the	DT
Instructional	NNP
Goals	NNPS
and	CC
Objectives	NNPS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
high	JJ
quality	NN
reading	NN
standards	NNS
,	,
a	DT
rigorous	JJ
and	CC
challenging	JJ
reading	NN
curriculum	NN
,	,
and	CC
efficient	JJ
instructional	JJ
delivery	NN
in	IN
the	DT
K-3	JJ
reading	NN
environment	NN
.	.
The	DT
revision	NN
having	VBG
the	DT
most	JJS
impact	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
clarification	NN
and	CC
inclusion	NN
of	IN
phonemic	JJ
awareness	NN
at	IN
the	DT
kindergarten	NN
and	CC
first	JJ
grade	NN
levels	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
also	RB
recommended	VBN
that	IN
instructional	JJ
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
high	JJ
school	NN
mathematics	NNS
course	NN
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
.	.
Mathematics	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Community	NNP
,	,
a	DT
higher	JJR
level	NN
mathematics	NN
alternative	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
successfully	RB
completed	VBN
Algebra	NNP
I	PRP
and	CC
Geometry	NNP
,	,
would	MD
allow	VB
students	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
pursue	VB
an	DT
advanced	JJ
mathematics	NN
sequence	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
Algebra	NNP
,	,
II	NNP
,	,
Trigonometry\/pre-Calculus	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
enhance	VB
mathematics	NNS
skills	NNS
for	IN
ACT	NNP
and	CC
SAT	NNP
assessments	NNS
,	,
to	TO
understand	VB
real-world	JJ
application	NN
of	IN
algebraic	JJ
concepts	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
study	VB
probability	NN
and	CC
statistics	NNS
.	.
J.	NNP
D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
provided	VBD
the	DT
study	NN
committee	NN
's	POS
finding	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
that	IN
this	DT
issue	NN
is	VBZ
adequately	RB
dealt	VBN
with	IN
by	IN
statute	NN
and	CC
policy	NN
.	.
No	DT
new	JJ
policy	NN
or	CC
procedure	NN
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Copy	VB
appended	VBN
to	TO
Official	NNP
Minutes	NNPS
,	,
Attachment	NNP
AA	NNP
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
and	CC
3	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Substitution	NN
for	IN
Work	NN
Keys	NNS
-	:
Barbara	NNP
Jones	NNP
distributed	VBD
a	DT
handout	NN
requesting	VBG
approval	NN
to	TO
substitute	VB
for	IN
the	DT
ACT	NNP
Work	NNP
Keys	NNP
a	DT
NAEP-like	JJ
assessments	NNS
for	IN
use	NN
with	IN
twelfth-grade	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
No	DT
action	NN
was	VBD
taken	VBN
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
this	DT
item	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
has	VBZ
achieved	VBN
the	DT
highest	JJS
score	NN
in	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
fourth	JJ
consecutive	JJ
year	NN
.	.
This	DT
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
final	JJ
ranking	NN
shows	VBZ
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
tied	VBD
with	IN
Indiana	NNP
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Copy	VB
appended	VBN
to	TO
Official	NNP
Minutes	NNPS
,	,
Attachment	NNP
B	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Council	NNP
is	VBZ
still	RB
working	VBG
on	IN
draft	NN
plans	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Council	NNP
plans	VBZ
to	TO
meet	VB
on	IN
January	NNP
18	CD
.	.
Discussions	NNS
have	VBP
taken	VBN
place	NN
with	IN
SREB	NNP
to	TO
provide	VB
assistance	NN
in	IN
determining	VBG
how	WRB
we	PRP
might	MD
do	VB
a	DT
better	JJR
job	NN
in	IN
coordinating	VBG
professional	JJ
development	NN
.	.
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
,	,
Approval	NNP
of	IN
Educational	NNP
Personnel	NNP
Programs	NNP
requires	VBZ
that	IN
all	DT
proposed	VBN
educational	JJ
personnel	NNS
preparation	NN
programs	NNS
be	VB
reviewed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Program	NNP
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
findings	NNS
resulting	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
review	NN
,	,
the	DT
Program	NNP
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
may	MD
recommend	VB
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
or	CC
withhold	VB
its	PRP$
recommendation	NN
for	IN
implementation	NN
.	.
At	IN
its	PRP$
December	NNP
1-2	CD
meeting	NN
,	,
the	DT
Program	NNP
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
recommended	VBD
that	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
University	NNP
's	POS
proposed	VBN
specialization	NN
for	IN
Preschool	NNP
Education	NNP
,	,
Birth-PreK	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
offered	VBN
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
an	DT
Elementary	NNP
Education	NNP
specialization	NN
,	,
be	VB
approved	VBN
for	IN
implementation	NN
.	.
A	DT
curriculum	NN
summary	NN
sheet	NN
identifying	VBG
courses	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
specialization	NN
was	VBD
provided	VBN
.	.
President	NNP
Mathews	NNP
recognized	VBD
Eric	NNP
Eyre	NNP
,	,
a	DT
reporter	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Charleston	NNP
Gazette	NNP
,	,
who	WP
:	:
stated	VBD
his	PRP$
appreciation	NN
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
cited	VBD
a	DT
Code	NNP
section	NN
for	IN
its	PRP$
move	NN
to	TO
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
;	:
indicated	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
``	``
may	MD
''	''
but	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
required	VBN
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
;	:
stated	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
person	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
the	DT
subject	NN
of	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
may	MD
choose	VB
to	TO
have	VB
the	DT
discussion	NN
in	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
meeting	NN
;	:
and	CC
requested	VBD
a	DT
roll	NN
call	NN
vote	NN
on	IN
the	DT
motion	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Paul	NNP
Morris	NNP
inquired	VBD
as	IN
to	TO
whether	IN
Dr.	NNP
Marockie	NNP
would	MD
prefer	VB
the	DT
discussion	NN
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
or	CC
in	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Marockie	NNP
responded	VBD
that	IN
he	PRP
would	MD
prefer	VB
that	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
be	VB
in	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
.	.
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Wirt	NNP
County	NNP
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
submitted	VBD
revised	VBN
County	NNP
and	CC
School	NNP
Unified	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
for	IN
noncompliances	NNS
identified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
team	NN
.	.
All	DT
plans	NNS
contained	VBD
the	DT
required	VBN
components	NNS
and	CC
those	DT
schools	NNS
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
accreditation	NN
status	NN
.	.
Board	NNP
members	NNS
discussed	VBD
intervention	NN
into	IN
a	DT
county	NN
system	NN
and	CC
what	WP
degree	NN
would	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
as	IN
extraordinary	JJ
circumstances	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
suggested	VBN
that	IN
maybe	RB
the	DT
State	NNP
Department	NNP
attorney	NN
should	MD
look	VB
at	IN
the	DT
law	NN
and	CC
see	VB
if	IN
anything	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
revised	VBN
.	.
Board	NNP
members	NNS
discussed	VBD
the	DT
progress	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
since	IN
intervention	NN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
Concerns	NNS
were	VBD
noted	VBN
that	IN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
intervention	NN
,	,
no	DT
schools	NNS
were	VBD
fully	RB
accredited	VBN
.	.
One	CD
year	NN
later	RB
,	,
only	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
one	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
fully	RB
accredited	VBN
.	.
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
will	MD
prepare	VB
data	NNS
showing	VBG
the	DT
timelines	NNS
for	IN
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
on	IN
improvement	NN
of	IN
achievement	NN
and	CC
where	WRB
they	PRP
currently	RB
stand	VBP
.	.
Based	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
follow-up	JJ
review	NN
findings	NNS
,	,
a	DT
review	NN
of	IN
the	DT
annual	JJ
performance	NN
measures	NNS
,	,
and	CC
updated	VBN
Unified	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
recommended	VBN
that	IN
twenty-nine	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
29	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
schools	NNS
be	VB
granted	VBN
Full	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
,	,
two	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
schools	NNS
issued	VBN
Conditional	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Wood	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
be	VB
granted	VBN
Full	NNP
Approval	NNP
.	.
Education	NNP
:	:
Performance	NNP
Based	VBD
Accreditation	NNP
System	NNP
,	,
indicate	VBP
that	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
having	VBG
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
casual	JJ
deficit	NN
shall	MD
submit	VB
a	DT
plan	NN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
specifying	VBG
strategies	NNS
for	IN
eliminating	VBG
the	DT
casual	JJ
deficit	NN
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
Code	NNP
and	CC
Policy	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
shall	MD
either	RB
approve	VB
or	CC
reject	VB
the	DT
plan	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Michael	NNP
Valentine	NNP
,	,
Assistant	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
Division	NNP
of	IN
Instructional	NNP
and	CC
Student	NNP
services	NNS
was	VBD
presented	VBN
the	DT
Elwood	NNP
Pace	NNP
Humanitarian	NNP
Award	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
62nd	JJ
Annual	JJ
Conference	NN
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
State	NNP
Directors	NNS
of	IN
Special	JJ
Education	NN
.	.
The	DT
award	NN
is	VBZ
presented	VBN
each	DT
year	NN
to	TO
an	DT
individual	JJ
``	``
who	WP
engages	VBZ
in	IN
service	NN
or	CC
actions	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
humanitarian	JJ
nature	NN
that	WDT
exceed	VBP
what	WP
one	CD
normally	RB
expects	VBZ
of	IN
a	DT
person	NN
in	IN
the	DT
discharge	VB
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
professional	JJ
duties	NNS
.	.
Attachment	NN
Mc	NNP
contains	VBZ
the	DT
comments	NNS
received	VBD
from	IN
public	JJ
and	CC
higher	JJR
education	NN
personnel	NNS
.	.
The	DT
attachment	NN
also	RB
contains	VBZ
the	DT
amended	VBN
policy	NN
.	.
The	DT
Executive	NNP
Summary	NNP
outlines	VBZ
the	DT
proposed	VBN
modifications	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
amended	VBN
policy	NN
.	.
County	NNP
and	CC
Spring	NNP
Hill	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Cabell	NNP
County	NNP
appeared	VBD
before	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
to	TO
request	VB
approval	NN
to	TO
operate	VB
school	NN
calendars	NNS
of	IN
180	CD
days	NNS
spread	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
year-round	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
All	DT
four	CD
schools	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
operating	VBG
year-round	JJ
calendars	NNS
for	IN
several	JJ
years	NNS
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
James	NNP
J.	NNP
MacCallum	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
Sheila	NNP
M.	NNP
Hamilton	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
moved	VBD
into	IN
Executive	NNP
Session	NN
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
discussing	VBG
personnel	NNS
issues	NNS
.	.
Upon	IN
return	NN
from	IN
Executive	NNP
Session	NN
,	,
President	NNP
Mathews	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
no	DT
action	NN
was	VBD
taken	VBN
.	.
Policy	NN
7212	CD
provides	VBZ
a	DT
process	NN
for	IN
the	DT
appeal	NN
of	IN
a	DT
denial	NN
by	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
of	IN
a	DT
transfer	NN
of	IN
a	DT
student	NN
who	WP
resides	VBZ
in	IN
one	CD
county	NN
and	CC
proposes	VBZ
to	TO
attend	VB
school	NN
in	IN
a	DT
different	JJ
county	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
past	NN
,	,
the	DT
policy	NN
has	VBZ
provided	VBN
that	DT
parents	NNS
requesting	VBG
such	JJ
a	DT
transfer	NN
shall	MD
bear	VB
all	DT
transportation	NN
costs	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
transfer	NN
.	.
Section	NN
3.8	CD
of	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
was	VBD
rewritten	VBN
and	CC
placed	VBN
on	IN
comment	NN
in	IN
September	NNP
.	.
The	DT
proposed	JJ
change	NN
provides	VBZ
that	IN
transportation	NN
costs	NNS
for	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
transfer	NN
remain	VBP
with	IN
the	DT
parents	NNS
requesting	VBG
the	DT
transfer	NN
unless	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
have	VBP
initiated	VBN
the	DT
transfer	NN
and	CC
both	DT
the	DT
sending	VBG
and	CC
receiving	VBG
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
have	VBP
approved	VBN
the	DT
plan	NN
transferring	VBG
the	DT
student	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
In	IN
that	DT
case	NN
,	,
the	DT
revised	VBN
policy	NN
requires	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
county	NN
boards	NNS
must	MD
determine	VB
the	DT
method	NN
of	IN
transportation	NN
and	CC
provide	VB
coverage	NN
for	IN
its	PRP$
costs	NNS
.	.
A	DT
concern	NN
was	VBD
raised	VBN
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
meetings	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
suggested	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
separate	JJ
meetings	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNPS
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
be	VB
combined	VBN
.	.
This	DT
issue	NN
will	MD
be	VB
revisited	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
January	NNP
2000	CD
meeting	NN
.	.
Virginia	NNP
public	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
allows	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
issuance	NN
of	IN
an	DT
administrative	JJ
credential	NN
to	TO
candidates	NNS
who	WP
meet	VBP
the	DT
minimum	NN
requirements	NNS
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
will	MD
allow	VB
qualified	JJ
persons	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
not	RB
completed	VBN
traditional	JJ
master	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
programs	NNS
in	IN
educational	JJ
administration	NN
to	TO
hold	VB
positions	NNS
of	IN
leadership	NN
in	IN
public	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
Session	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
personnel	NNS
issues	NNS
.	.
Upon	IN
return	NN
from	IN
Executive	NNP
Session	NN
President	NNP
Mathews	NNP
reported	VBD
that	IN
no	DT
decisions	NNS
were	VBD
made	VBN
.	.
Following	VBG
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Session	NN
the	DT
Board	NNP
was	VBD
provided	VBN
a	DT
presentation	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Appalachia	NNP
Educational	NNP
Laboratory	NNP
.	.
The	DT
comment	NN
period	NN
for	IN
Policy	NNP
5202	CD
ended	VBD
September	NNP
17	CD
,	,
1999	CD
.	.
Several	JJ
changes	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
made	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
comments	NNS
received	VBN
.	.
The	DT
most	RBS
substantive	JJ
change	NN
addresses	NNS
the	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
Substitute	NNP
Permits	VBZ
available	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
issuance	NN
and	CC
renewal	NN
of	IN
these	DT
licenses	NNS
.	.
Policy	NN
2510	CD
provides	VBZ
direction	NN
and	CC
structure	NN
for	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
,	,
and	CC
delivery	NN
of	IN
education	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Policy	NN
2510	CD
was	VBD
originally	RB
adopted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
in	IN
1984	CD
and	CC
was	VBD
revised	VBN
in	IN
1996	CD
in	IN
response	NN
to	TO
changes	NNS
mandated	VBN
in	IN
Senate	NNP
Bill	NNP
300	CD
,	,
the	DT
Jobs	NNP
Through	IN
Education	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
Proposed	VBN
revisions	NNS
will	MD
align	VB
policy	NN
with	IN
1999	CD
state	NN
legislation	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
electronic	JJ
portfolio	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
guarantee	NN
uniformity	NN
of	IN
time	NN
requirements	NNS
for	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
credit	NN
courses	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
8100	CD
minutes	NNS
of	IN
instructional	JJ
time	NN
per	IN
credit	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
ensure	VB
that	IN
schools	NNS
are	VBP
addressing	VBG
reteaching	VBG
at	IN
all	DT
grade	NN
levels	NNS
;	:
provide	VB
consistency	NN
in	IN
``	``
testing	VBG
out	RP
''	''
procedures	NNS
developed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
county	NN
level	NN
;	:
formalize	VB
guidelines	NNS
for	IN
substitution	NN
of	IN
more	JJR
rigorous	JJ
courses	NNS
for	IN
career	NN
major	JJ
and	CC
recommended	VBD
elective	JJ
courses	NNS
;	:
and	CC
refine	VB
the	DT
process	NN
for	IN
development	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Unified	NNP
County	NNP
and	CC
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
.	.
J.	NNP
D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
provided	VBD
an	DT
update	VB
regarding	VBG
superintendent	NN
search	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Morris	NNP
advised	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
position	NN
announcement	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
released	VBN
for	IN
publication	NN
and	CC
the	DT
November	NNP
11	CD
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
canceled	VBN
.	.
The	DT
next	JJ
meeting	NN
with	IN
Isaacson	NNP
Miller	NNP
will	MD
take	VB
place	NN
on	IN
December	NNP
8	CD
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Gary	NNP
G.	NNP
White	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
J.	NNP
D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
the	DT
Board	NNP
approved	VBD
the	DT
appointment	NN
of	IN
a	DT
committee	NN
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
legislative	JJ
appointee	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
proceed	VB
on	IN
assessment	NN
and	CC
accountability	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
President	NNP
Mathews	NNP
appointed	VBD
the	DT
following	VBG
Board	NNP
members	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
committee	NN
:	:
Gary	NNP
G.	NNP
White	NNP
,	,
J.	NNP
D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
Cleo	NNP
P.	NNP
Mathews	NNP
.	.
President	NNP
Mathews	NNP
invited	VBD
and	CC
encouraged	VBD
all	DT
Board	NNP
members	NNS
to	TO
attend	VB
and	CC
participate	VB
in	IN
meetings	NNS
and	CC
will	MD
inform	VB
members	NNS
as	IN
meetings	NNS
are	VBP
scheduled	VBN
.	.
President	NNP
Mathews	NNP
and	CC
J.	NNP
D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
contacted	VBD
the	DT
House	NNP
Education	NNP
Chair	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
controversy	NN
surrounding	VBG
the	DT
awarding	NN
of	IN
credit	NN
for	IN
ag-science	JJ
courses	NNS
.	.
Negotiations	NNS
with	IN
involved	JJ
parties	NNS
are	VBP
once	RB
again	RB
underway	JJ
in	IN
an	DT
attempt	NN
to	TO
resolve	VB
this	DT
issue	NN
.	.
Henry	NNP
Marockie	NNP
for	IN
ten	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
excellence	NN
as	IN
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
presented	VBD
a	DT
plaque	NN
of	IN
appreciation	NN
to	TO
Tommy	NNP
Bodkins	NNP
,	,
Randolph	NNP
County	NNP
bus	NN
operator	NN
,	,
for	IN
his	PRP$
heroic	JJ
actions	NNS
in	IN
averting	VBG
a	DT
dangerous	JJ
situation	NN
involving	VBG
students	NNS
under	IN
his	PRP$
care	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Bodkins	NNP
'	POS
bus	NN
was	VBD
threatened	VBN
by	IN
gunmen	NNS
who	WP
were	VBD
quickly	RB
apprehended	VBN
due	JJ
to	TO
Mr.	NNP
Bodkins	NNP
handling	NN
of	IN
the	DT
situation	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
also	RB
presented	VBD
a	DT
plaque	NN
to	TO
James	NNP
J.	NNP
MacCallum	NNP
in	IN
appreciation	NN
for	IN
his	PRP$
leadership	NN
as	IN
President	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
1998-1999	CD
.	.
Education	NNP
has	VBZ
asked	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
recommendation	NN
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
assessment	NN
and	CC
accountability	NN
system	NN
used	VBN
for	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
attachment	NN
contains	VBZ
a	DT
summary	NN
of	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
system	NN
along	IN
with	IN
recommendations	NNS
as	IN
to	TO
suggested	VBN
modifications	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
assessment	NN
system	NN
.	.
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
met	VBD
with	IN
representatives	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Isaacson	NNP
,	,
Miller	NNP
consulting	VBG
firm	NN
to	TO
begin	VB
development	NN
of	IN
a	DT
plan	NN
of	IN
action	NN
in	IN
the	DT
search	NN
for	IN
a	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
.	.
No	DT
business	NN
was	VBD
transacted	VBN
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Paul	NNP
J.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
J.	NNP
D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
accepted	VBD
the	DT
recommendation	NN
that	IN
the	DT
passing	VBG
score	NN
for	IN
the	DT
CBT	NNP
Reading	VBG
test	NN
be	VB
changed	VBN
to	TO
321	CD
to	TO
be	VB
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
passing	VBG
score	NN
of	IN
174	CD
on	IN
the	DT
PPST	NNP
Reading	VBG
test	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
assure	VB
prospective	JJ
educators	NNS
of	IN
consistency	NN
between	IN
the	DT
paper	NN
and	CC
computer	NN
versions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
reading	NN
test	NN
.	.
Senate	NNP
Bill	NNP
391	CD
required	VBD
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Blind	NNP
to	TO
establish	VB
a	DT
salary	NN
schedule	NN
that	WDT
phases	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
necessary	JJ
salary	NN
increases	NNS
for	IN
professional	JJ
and	CC
service	NN
personnel	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
July	NNP
2002	CD
.	.
The	DT
attached	VBN
schedule	NN
was	VBD
established	VBN
in	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
Senate	NNP
Bill	NNP
391	CD
.	.
Policy	NNP
5112	CD
requires	VBZ
that	IN
an	DT
athletic	JJ
trainer	NN
be	VB
in	IN
attendance	NN
at	IN
all	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
football	NN
practices	NNS
and	CC
games	NNS
.	.
Athletic	JJ
trainers	NNS
are	VBP
recommended	VBN
for	IN
middle\/junior	JJ
high	JJ
school	NN
football	NN
practices	NNS
and	CC
games	NNS
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
further	RBR
provides	VBZ
for	IN
an	DT
Athletic	JJ
Trainer	NNP
Review	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
advise	VB
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
granting	VBG
of	IN
waivers	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
policy	NN
where	WRB
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
fully-certified	JJ
trainer	NN
available	JJ
.	.
Under	IN
Miscellaneous	NNP
add	VBP
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
discussion	NN
of	IN
consultant	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
assessment	NN
plan	NN
,	,
2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
update	VBP
on	IN
Superintendent	NNP
Search	NNP
activities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
discussion	NN
of	IN
consultant	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
statewide	JJ
coordinated	VBN
staff	NN
development	NN
plan	NN
.	.
Policy	NNP
4350	CD
governs	VBZ
the	DT
protection	NN
of	IN
privacy	NN
and	CC
access	NN
of	IN
parents	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
collection	NN
,	,
maintenance	NN
,	,
disclosure	NN
,	,
and	CC
destruction	NN
of	IN
education	NN
records	NNS
by	IN
agencies	NNS
and	CC
institutions	NNS
under	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
supervision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
The	DT
revised	VBN
policy	NN
incorporates	VBZ
the	DT
Federal	NNP
Educational	NNP
Rights	NNPS
and	CC
Privacy	NNP
Act	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FERPA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
the	DT
Individuals	NNS
with	IN
Disabilities	NNP
Education	NNP
Act	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
IDEA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Anti-Hazing	NNP
Policy	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
2425	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
was	VBD
developed	VBN
as	IN
required	VBN
by	IN
legislation	NN
passed	VBN
in	IN
1999	CD
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
provides	VBZ
a	DT
definition	NN
and	CC
examples	NNS
of	IN
hazing	NN
and	CC
penalties	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
who	WP
engage	VBP
in	IN
such	JJ
activities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
also	RB
requires	VBZ
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
procedures	NNS
to	TO
investigate	VB
alleged	JJ
hazing	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
was	VBD
placed	VBN
on	IN
comment	NN
from	IN
May	NNP
17	CD
,	,
1999	CD
through	IN
June	NNP
18	CD
,	,
1999	CD
,	,
during	IN
which	WDT
time	NN
five	CD
responses	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
.	.
The	DT
requirement	NN
that	IN
the	DT
training	NN
be	VB
related	VBN
to	TO
current	JJ
or	CC
anticipated	JJ
employment	NN
was	VBD
reinstated	VBN
.	.
Several	JJ
other	JJ
minor	JJ
changes	NNS
were	VBD
made	VBN
.	.
In	IN
both	DT
sections	NNS
8.1.1	CD
and	CC
8.1.2	CD
the	DT
word	NN
``	``
and	CC
''	''
was	VBD
incorrectly	RB
typed	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
final	JJ
version	NN
as	IN
``	``
and\/or	CC
''	''
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
included	VBD
only	RB
the	DT
word	NN
``	``
and	CC
''	''
when	WRB
it	PRP
was	VBD
placed	VBN
on	IN
comment	NN
and	CC
as	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
Preparation	NNP
,	,
presented	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
proposed	VBN
changes	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
licensure	NN
policy	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
5202	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
changes	NNS
were	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
form	NN
of	IN
a	DT
matrix	NN
that	WDT
identified	VBD
the	DT
change	NN
and	CC
the	DT
stance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Commission	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Standards	NNPS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
endorsed	VBD
the	DT
Department	NNP
's	POS
position	NN
on	IN
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
listed	VBN
issues	NNS
.	.
Revisions	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
bring	VB
the	DT
policy	NN
in	IN
line	NN
with	IN
regulatory	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
nutrition	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Approval	NN
will	MD
allow	VB
the	DT
Department	NNP
to	TO
assist	VB
counties	NNS
in	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
United	NNP
States	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Agriculture	NNP
guidelines	NNS
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
School	NNP
Transportation	NNP
Regulations	NNPS
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
revised	VBN
and	CC
updated	VBN
for	IN
several	JJ
years	NNS
and	CC
are	VBP
out-of-date	JJ
.	.
A	DT
committee	NN
was	VBD
formed	VBN
to	TO
carefully	RB
review	VB
and	CC
revise	VB
Policy	NN
4336	CD
to	TO
make	VB
it	PRP
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Safe	NNP
Schools	NNP
Act	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
practices	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
changed	VBN
over	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
role	NN
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
the	DT
assessment	NN
plan	NN
must	MD
be	VB
clarified	VBN
prior	RB
to	TO
making	VBG
any	DT
decisions	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
release	NN
of	IN
an	DT
RFP	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
consultant	NN
.	.
Gary	NNP
G.	NNP
White	NNP
proposed	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
official	JJ
inquiry	NN
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Legislative	NNP
Sub-Committee	NNP
requesting	VBG
clarification	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
receipt	NN
of	IN
the	DT
requested	VBN
clarification	NN
the	DT
Board	NNP
will	MD
proceed	VB
as	RB
necessary	JJ
.	.
This	DT
plan	NN
of	IN
action	NN
was	VBD
agreed	VBN
upon	IN
by	IN
all	DT
Board	NNP
members	NNS
.	.
Gary	NNP
G.	NNP
White	NNP
moved	VBD
that	IN
Policy	NNP
7212	CD
be	VB
revised	VBN
to	TO
reflect	VB
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
current	JJ
intent	NN
regarding	VBG
multi-county	JJ
cooperation	NN
and	CC
be	VB
brought	VBN
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
The	DT
motion	NN
was	VBD
seconded	VBN
by	IN
Sandra	NNP
M.	NNP
Chapman	NNP
.	.
Motion	NNP
carried	VBD
.	.
The	DT
Code	NNP
and	CC
policy	NN
provide	VBP
that	IN
any	DT
person	NN
desiring	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
relieved	VBN
of	IN
the	DT
academy	NN
attendance	NN
requirement	NN
may	MD
apply	VB
in	IN
writing	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
waiver	NN
.	.
Twelve	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
12	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
principals	NNS
submitted	VBD
written	VBN
waiver	NN
requests	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Summer	NNP
1999	CD
Principals	NNPS
'	POS
Leadership	NN
Academy	NNP
.	.
State	NNP
Code	NNP
and	CC
State	NNP
Board	NNP
policy	NN
require	VBP
that	IN
upon	IN
showing	VBG
reasonable	JJ
cause	NN
why	WRB
relief	NN
should	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
may	MD
grant	VB
a	DT
waiver	NN
to	TO
postpone	VB
attendance	NN
from	IN
the	DT
academy	NN
for	IN
one	CD
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Legislature	NNP
in	IN
S.B.	NNP
588	CD
found	VBD
that	IN
hazing	NN
has	VBZ
become	VBN
a	DT
problem	NN
in	IN
a	DT
limited	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
school-sponsored	JJ
student	NN
organizations	NNS
and	CC
required	VBD
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
to	TO
promulgate	VB
rules	NNS
to	TO
address	VB
hazing	NN
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
H.B.	NNP
2401	CD
,	,
approved	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
recently	RB
completed	VBN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
legislative	JJ
session	NN
,	,
directed	VBD
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
to	TO
develop	VB
rules	NNS
to	TO
minimize	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
carpet	NN
in	IN
schools	NNS
.	.
These	DT
rules	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
presented	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Legislative	NNP
Oversight	NNP
Commission	NNP
for	IN
Educational	NNP
Accountability	NNP
in	IN
July	NNP
1999	CD
.	.
The	DT
second	JJ
half	NN
of	IN
the	DT
pay	NN
raise	NN
for	IN
professional	JJ
personnel	NNS
,	,
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
last	JJ
year	NN
,	,
goes	VBZ
into	IN
effect	NN
in	IN
July	NNP
1999	CD
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
pay	NN
schedule	NN
includes	VBZ
the	DT
second	JJ
half	NN
of	IN
the	DT
raise	NN
plus	CC
,	,
for	IN
most	JJS
professionals	NNS
,	,
the	DT
salary	NN
increase	NN
granted	VBN
to	TO
teachers	NNS
by	IN
the	DT
1999	CD
Legislature	NNP
.	.
Committee	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
TEAC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Commission	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Standards	NNPS
on	IN
the	DT
preparation	NN
of	IN
needed	VBN
revisions	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
's	POS
teacher	NN
education	NN
policy	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
5100	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Several	JJ
substantive	JJ
issues	NNS
have	VBP
emerged	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
these	DT
discussions	NNS
.	.
Attachment	NN
V	NN
describes	VBZ
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
each	DT
organization	NN
and	CC
the	DT
Department	NNP
in	IN
relation	NN
to	TO
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
seven	CD
issues	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Department	NNP
and	CC
TEAC	NNP
differ	VBP
with	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
's	POS
recommendations	NNS
on	IN
issues	NNS
two	CD
and	CC
three	CD
.	.
Work	NN
Consortium	NNP
.	.
The	DT
major	JJ
goal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
consortium	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
improve	VB
the	DT
achievement	NN
levels	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
middle	JJ
grades	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
reading	NN
,	,
mathematics	NN
and	CC
science	NN
.	.
States	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
interested	JJ
in	IN
joining	VBG
the	DT
consortium	NN
have	VBP
until	IN
June	NNP
30	CD
,	,
1999	CD
to	TO
indicate	VB
their	PRP$
intent	NN
to	TO
SREB	NNP
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
consortium	NN
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
must	MD
give	VB
its	PRP$
approval	NN
and	CC
the	DT
state	NN
must	MD
sign	VB
a	DT
Memorandum	NN
of	IN
Understanding	NN
that	IN
outlines	VBZ
the	DT
commitment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
,	,
the	DT
local	JJ
school	NN
district	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
SREB	NNP
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
year	NN
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
must	MD
identify	VB
two	CD
or	CC
three	CD
middle	JJ
schools	NNS
as	IN
pilot	NN
sites	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Middle	NNP
Schools	NNP
That	IN
Work	NNP
Consortium	NNP
will	MD
enhance	VB
the	DT
High	NNP
Schools	NNP
That	IN
Work	NNP
initiative	NN
that	WDT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
involved	VBN
in	IN
with	IN
SREB	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
years	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
will	MD
meet	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
on	IN
June	NNP
10	CD
at	IN
9:15	CD
a.m.	NN
in	IN
Boone	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
This	DT
meeting	NN
will	MD
be	VB
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
discussing	VBG
progress	NN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
system	NN
since	IN
the	DT
Intervention	NN
Agreement	NN
was	VBD
completed	VBN
.	.
Policy	NN
2510	CD
requires	VBZ
that	IN
county	NN
school	NN
systems	NNS
provide	VBP
students	NNS
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
test	VB
out	IN
of	IN
courses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
revision	NN
would	MD
eliminate	VB
the	DT
requirement	NN
while	IN
allowing	VBG
systems	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
testing	NN
out	IN
opportunities	NNS
if	IN
they	PRP
so	RB
desire	NN
.	.
A	DT
number	NN
of	IN
comments	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
with	IN
fewer	JJR
favoring	VBG
elimination	NN
of	IN
the	DT
requirement	NN
than	IN
those	DT
who	WP
desire	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
mandatory	JJ
requirement	NN
be	VB
maintained	VBN
.	.
No	DT
changes	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
made	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
comments	NNS
received	VBD
.	.
H.B.	NNP
2855	CD
requires	VBZ
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
review	VB
the	DT
organization	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
able	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
and	CC
support	NN
for	IN
schools	NNS
and	CC
school	NN
systems	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
areas	NNS
including	VBG
''	''
...	:
establishing	VBG
policies	NNS
which	WDT
allow	VBP
advanced	JJ
students	NNS
to	TO
test	VB
out	IN
of	IN
required	VBN
courses	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
already	RB
posses	VBZ
the	DT
required	JJ
academic	JJ
skills	NNS
.	.
''	''
Elimination	NN
of	IN
the	DT
mandatory	JJ
requirement	NN
for	IN
testing	VBG
out	RP
does	VBZ
not	RB
appear	VB
to	TO
conflict	VB
with	IN
that	DT
statutory	JJ
requirement	NN
as	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
can	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
provide	VB
assistance	NN
to	TO
those	DT
county	NN
school	NN
systems	NNS
that	WDT
wish	VBP
to	TO
retain	VB
the	DT
policy	NN
option	NN
of	IN
allowing	VBG
students	NNS
to	TO
test	VB
out	IN
of	IN
courses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Department	NNP
is	VBZ
proposing	VBG
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
changes	NNS
to	TO
Policy	NNP
5202	CD
dealing	VBG
with	IN
certification	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Teaching	NNP
Standards	NNPS
disagrees	VBZ
with	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
's	POS
position	NN
on	IN
several	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
recommendations	NNS
.	.
Prior	RB
to	TO
rewriting	VBG
Policy	NN
5202	CD
,	,
the	DT
Department	NNP
desires	NNS
to	TO
discuss	VB
the	DT
proposed	VBN
changes	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
Jefferson	NNP
County	NNP
has	VBZ
submitted	VBN
a	DT
waiver	NN
request	NN
to	TO
the	DT
normal	JJ
certification	NN
rules	NNS
contained	VBN
in	IN
Policy	NNP
5202	CD
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
difficulty	NN
encountered	VBN
in	IN
finding	VBG
personnel	NNS
who	WP
meet	VBP
current	JJ
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
certification	NN
rules	NNS
.	.
Data	NNP
governs	VBZ
the	DT
protection	NN
of	IN
privacy	NN
and	CC
access	NN
of	IN
parents	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
collection	NN
,	,
maintenance	NN
,	,
disclosure	NN
,	,
and	CC
destruction	NN
of	IN
education	NN
records	NNS
by	IN
agencies	NNS
and	CC
institutions	NNS
under	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
supervision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
revisions	NNS
incorporate	VBP
the	DT
Federal	NNP
Educational	NNP
Rights	NNPS
and	CC
Privacy	NNP
Act	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FERPA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
the	DT
Individuals	NNS
with	IN
Disabilities	NNP
Education	NNP
Act	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
IDEA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Michael	NNP
D.	NNP
Greer	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
Jim	NNP
L.	NNP
McKnight	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
approved	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
working	VBG
group	NN
,	,
inclusive	JJ
of	IN
Department	NNP
and	CC
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
staff	NN
,	,
be	VB
appointed	VBN
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
with	IN
the	DT
Mountaineer	NNP
Challenge	NNP
Academy	NNP
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
issue	NN
.	.
Kim	NNP
Nuzum-Lawrence	NNP
and	CC
Fernando	NNP
Ibanez	NNP
demonstrated	VBD
the	DT
Department	NNP
's	POS
``	``
new	JJ
and	CC
improved	VBN
''	''
web	NN
page	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
redesigned	VBN
and	CC
upgraded	VBN
to	TO
better	JJR
provide	VBP
information	NN
and	CC
data	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
education	NN
community	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Jim	NNP
L.	NNP
McKnight	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
J.	NNP
D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
tabled	VBD
action	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
transportation	NN
of	IN
Pendleton	NNP
County	NNP
students	NNS
to	TO
Grant	NNP
County	NNP
,	,
directed	VBD
that	IN
Policy	NNP
7212	CD
be	VB
studied	VBN
for	IN
possible	JJ
modification	NN
,	,
and	CC
cautioned	VBD
that	IN
no	DT
action	NN
be	VB
approved	VBN
on	IN
this	DT
issue	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
take	VB
effect	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
the	DT
99-00	CD
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
As	IN
of	IN
Fall	NN
1996	CD
,	,
all	DT
tests	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
professional	JJ
licensure	NN
requirements	NNS
are	VBP
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Praxis	NNP
Testing	NNP
Series	NNP
which	WDT
is	VBZ
published	VBN
and	CC
administered	VBN
by	IN
Educational	NNP
Testing	NNP
Service	NNP
.	.
The	DT
testing	NN
program	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
three	CD
types	NNS
of	IN
tests	NNS
:	:
Pre-Professional	NNP
Skills	NNS
Tests	NNS
in	IN
reading	NN
,	,
writing	VBG
and	CC
mathematics	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
either	CC
in	IN
paper-and-pencil	NN
or	CC
computer	NN
based	VBN
format	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
content	JJ
specialization	NN
tests	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
of	IN
Learning	NNP
and	CC
Teaching	NNP
tests	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
comments	NNS
from	IN
teachers	NNS
expressed	VBN
displeasure	NN
with	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
rating	NN
categories	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
elimination	NN
of	IN
Phase	NN
II	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
self	NN
assessment	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
However	RB
,	,
several	JJ
teachers	NNS
and	CC
administrators	NNS
support	VBP
the	DT
proposed	VBN
changes	NNS
and	CC
welcome	VB
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
recognize	VB
quality	NN
teaching	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
comments	NNS
received	VBN
,	,
additional	JJ
amendments	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
proposed	VBN
that	IN
warrant	NN
placing	VBG
the	DT
policy	NN
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
for	IN
an	DT
additional	JJ
30	CD
days	NNS
.	.
These	DT
substantive	JJ
changes	NNS
include	VBP
:	:
elimination	NN
of	IN
the	DT
``	``
below	IN
standards	NNS
''	''
rating	NN
category	NN
resulting	VBG
in	IN
four	CD
rather	RB
than	IN
five	CD
rating	NN
categories	NNS
;	:
identification	NN
of	IN
indicators	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
``	``
exemplary	JJ
''	''
and	CC
``	``
exceeds	VBZ
standards	NNS
''	''
rating	NN
categories	NNS
;	:
and	CC
language	NN
that	WDT
phases	NNS
the	DT
policy	NN
in	IN
over	IN
a	DT
two-year	JJ
period	NN
.	.
Minor	NNP
editorial	NN
changes	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
made	VBN
to	TO
reflect	VB
consistent	JJ
language	NN
throughout	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
.	.
The	DT
major	JJ
change	NN
to	TO
the	DT
procedure	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
creation	NN
within	IN
the	DT
committee	NN
of	IN
a	DT
``	``
subcommittee	NN
a	DT
''	''
charged	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
responsibility	NN
of	IN
reviewing	VBG
all	DT
requests	NNS
for	IN
approval	NN
of	IN
training	NN
.	.
The	DT
subcommittee	NN
's	POS
decision	NN
on	IN
approval\/non-approval	NN
will	MD
be	VB
final	JJ
unless	IN
reversed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
full	JJ
committee	NN
.	.
The	DT
membership	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Secondary	JJ
School	NNP
Activities	NNPS
Commission	NNP
is	VBZ
proposing	VBG
changes	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
rules	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
that	WDT
govern	VBP
interscholastic	JJ
activities	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
member	NN
schools	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Virginia	NNP
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
revision	NN
to	TO
Section	NNP
8.2.3	CD
would	MD
eliminate	VB
the	DT
requirement	NN
that	IN
county	NN
school	NN
systems	NNS
allow	VBP
students	NNS
to	TO
test	VB
out	IN
of	IN
courses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
systems	NNS
may	MD
,	,
should	MD
they	PRP
choose	VB
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
,	,
provide	VB
testing	NN
out	IN
opportunities	NNS
.	.
Upon	IN
motion	NN
by	IN
Mr.	NNP
J.D.	NNP
Morris	NNP
,	,
second	JJ
by	IN
Mr.	NNP
McKnight	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
referred	VBD
the	DT
transportation	NN
issue	NN
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
local	JJ
boards	NNS
to	TO
work	VB
out	RP
under	IN
present	JJ
state	NN
law	NN
and	CC
State	NNP
Board	NNP
policy	NN
and	CC
report	NN
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
their	PRP$
resolution	NN
of	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
by	IN
February	NNP
11	CD
,	,
1999	CD
.	.
Brenda	NNP
Williams	NNP
provided	VBD
an	DT
overview	NN
of	IN
a	DT
report	NN
showing	VBG
the	DT
status	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
integration	NN
and	CC
use	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
prepared	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Milken	NNP
Exchange	NNP
on	IN
Education	NNP
Technology	NNP
from	IN
information	NN
provided	VBN
by	IN
county	NN
technology	NN
contacts	NNS
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Copy	VB
appended	VBN
to	TO
Official	NNP
Minutes	NNPS
.	.
A	DT
replacement	NN
Policy	NN
5310	CD
has	VBZ
been	VBN
developed	VBN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
all	DT
teachers	NNS
and	CC
administrators	NNS
are	VBP
evaluated	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
fair	JJ
and	CC
equitable	JJ
manner	NN
and	CC
within	IN
a	DT
uniformly	RB
applied	VBN
system	NN
.	.
The	DT
revised	VBN
Policy	NN
5310	CD
identifies	VBZ
a	DT
new	JJ
rating	NN
structure	NN
,	,
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
improving	VBG
instruction	NN
and	CC
increasing	VBG
student	NN
achievement	NN
,	,
eliminates	VBZ
the	DT
self-assessment	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Phase	NN
II	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
adds	VBZ
new	JJ
evaluation	NN
processes	NNS
for	IN
professional	JJ
support	NN
personnel	NNS
and	CC
athletic	JJ
coaches	NNS
.	.
H.	NNP
B.	NNP
4306	CD
passed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
1998	CD
legislative	JJ
session	NN
requires	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
make	VBP
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Legislative	NNP
Oversight	NNP
Commission	NNP
on	IN
Education	NNP
Accountability	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
LOCEA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
regarding	VBG
both	DT
an	DT
accountability	NN
and	CC
an	DT
assessment	NN
process	NN
.	.
S.C.R.	NNP
22	CD
passed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
1998	CD
legislative	JJ
session	NN
created	VBD
a	DT
committee	NN
to	TO
study	VB
the	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
assessment	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
students	NNS
.	.
That	DT
committee	NN
has	VBZ
meet	VB
monthly	JJ
during	IN
the	DT
interim	JJ
meetings	NNS
and	CC
made	VBN
.	.
Department	NNP
staff	NN
provided	VBD
a	DT
draft	NN
document	NN
with	IN
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
Education	NNP
Instructional	NNP
Goals	NNP
and	CC
Objectives	NNS
must	MD
have	VB
written	VBN
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
regard	NN
,	,
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Institutional	NNP
Education	NNP
Programs	NNP
provides	VBZ
a	DT
social	JJ
skills	NNS
program	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
uniquely	RB
designed	VBN
to	TO
promote	VB
positive	JJ
change	NN
and	CC
enhance	VB
personal	JJ
growth	NN
and	CC
development	NN
for	IN
youth	NN
in	IN
institutions	NNS
.	.
Projects	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Early	NNP
Detection	NNP
and	CC
Intervention	NN
Projects	NNPS
is	VBZ
to	TO
assist	VB
underachieving	JJ
schools	NNS
and	CC
school	NN
systems	NNS
in	IN
improving	VBG
performance	NN
before	IN
conditions	NNS
become	VBP
so	RB
grave	JJ
as	IN
to	TO
warrant	VB
more	JJR
substantive	JJ
state	NN
intervention	NN
.	.
Schools	NNP
participating	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
pilot	NN
programs	NNS
are	VBP
Barnes	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Marion	NNP
County	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
Mount	NNP
View	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
McDowell	NNP
County	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
annually	RB
review	VB
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
each	DT
school	NN
and	CC
issue	VB
an	DT
accreditation	NN
status	NN
to	TO
each	DT
school	NN
and	CC
an	DT
approval	NN
level	NN
to	TO
each	DT
school	NN
district	NN
.	.
Education	NNP
performance	NN
audit	NN
teams	NNS
conduct	VBP
unannounced	JJ
on-site	JJ
reviews	NNS
of	IN
school	NN
districts	NNS
and	CC
schools	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
in	IN
the	DT
determination	NN
of	IN
the	DT
approval	NN
status	NN
of	IN
school	NN
districts	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
accreditation	NN
status	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audit	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
most	RBS
visible	JJ
element	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
accountability	NN
system	NN
.	.
The	DT
organizational	JJ
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
held	VBN
before	IN
a	DT
team	NN
conducts	VBZ
a	DT
school	NN
system	NN
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
.	.
During	IN
this	DT
meeting	NN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNPS
team	NN
chair	NN
holds	VBZ
a	DT
training	NN
session	NN
on	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
process	NN
.	.
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Boone	NNP
County	NNP
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
submitted	VBD
revised	VBN
County	NNP
and	CC
School	NNP
Unified	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
for	IN
noncompliances	NNS
identified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
team	NN
.	.
Some	DT
plans	NNS
contained	VBD
the	DT
required	VBN
components	NNS
and	CC
those	DT
schools	NNS
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
accreditation	NN
status	NN
.	.
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Marion	NNP
County	NNP
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
submitted	VBD
revised	VBN
County	NNP
and	CC
School	NNP
Unified	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
for	IN
noncompliances	NNS
identified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
team	NN
.	.
Some	DT
plans	NNS
contained	VBD
the	DT
required	VBN
components	NNS
and	CC
those	DT
schools	NNS
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
accreditation	NN
status	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
data	NNS
and	CC
results	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Follow-up	JJ
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audit	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
recommended	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
Ritchie	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
be	VB
granted	VBN
Full	NNP
Approval	NNP
status	NN
and	CC
all	DT
Ritchie	NNP
County	NNP
schools	NNS
granted	VBD
Full	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
.	.
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
first	JJ
report	NN
compiling	VBG
accountability	NN
activities	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
This	DT
report	NN
synthesized	VBD
the	DT
activities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNPS
as	IN
established	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Legislature	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Fayette	NNP
County	NNP
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
submitted	VBD
revised	VBN
County	NNP
and	CC
School	NNP
Unified	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
for	IN
noncompliances	NNS
identified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
team	NN
.	.
Some	DT
plans	NNS
contained	VBD
the	DT
required	VBN
components	NNS
and	CC
those	DT
schools	NNS
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
accreditation	NN
status	NN
.	.
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Morgan	NNP
County	NNP
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
submitted	VBD
revised	VBN
county	NN
and	CC
school	NN
Unified	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
for	IN
noncompliances	NNS
identified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
team	NN
.	.
These	DT
plans	NNS
contained	VBD
the	DT
required	VBN
components	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
county	NN
and	CC
schools	NNS
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
approval	NN
and	CC
accreditation	NN
status	NN
.	.
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Nicholas	NNP
County	NNP
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
findings	NNS
of	IN
noncompliance	NN
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
and	CC
school	NN
Unified	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
revised	VBN
,	,
submitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNP
,	,
and	CC
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
Two	CD
schools	NNS
participated	VBD
in	IN
Pilot	NN
Early	RB
Detection	NNP
and	CC
Intervention	NN
Projects	NNS
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Early	NNP
Detection	NNP
and	CC
Intervention	NN
pilots	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
assist	VB
underachieving	JJ
schools	NNS
and	CC
school	NN
systems	NNS
in	IN
improving	VBG
performance	NN
before	IN
conditions	NNS
become	VBP
so	RB
grave	JJ
as	IN
to	TO
warrant	VB
more	JJR
substantive	JJ
state	NN
intervention	NN
.	.
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Webster	NNP
County	NNP
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
data	NNS
and	CC
results	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
Webster	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
be	VB
issued	VBN
Temporary	NNP
Approval	NNP
status	NN
and	CC
all	DT
five	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
5	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Webster	NNP
County	NNP
schools	NNS
issued	VBD
Temporary	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
.	.
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Ritchie	NNP
County	NNP
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
data	NNS
and	CC
results	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
Ritchie	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
District	NNP
be	VB
issued	VBN
Conditional	NNP
Approval	NNP
status	NN
,	,
five	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
5	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Ritchie	NNP
County	NNP
schools	NNS
granted	VBD
Full	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
,	,
and	CC
two	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
schools	NNS
issued	VBN
Conditional	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
.	.
School	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
The	DT
South	NNP
Branch	NNP
Vocational	NNP
Technical	NNP
Center	NNP
was	VBD
also	RB
reviewed	VBN
during	IN
this	DT
time	NN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
South	NNP
Branch	NNP
Vocational	NNP
Technical	NNP
Center	NNP
be	VB
issued	VBN
Full	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
.	.
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Summers	NNP
County	NNP
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
data	NNS
and	CC
results	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
Summers	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
District	NNP
be	VB
issued	VBN
Conditional	NNP
Approval	NNP
status	NN
,	,
two	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
Summers	NNP
County	NNP
schools	NNS
granted	VBD
Full	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
,	,
and	CC
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
schools	NNS
issued	VBN
Conditional	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
.	.
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
.	.
All	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
Taylor	NNP
County	NNP
were	VBD
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
on-site	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
data	NNS
and	CC
results	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
education	NN
performance	NN
audit	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
Taylor	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
District	NNP
be	VB
issued	VBN
Full	NNP
Approval	NNP
status	NN
,	,
two	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
Taylor	NNP
County	NNP
schools	NNS
granted	VBD
Full	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
,	,
and	CC
five	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
5	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
schools	NNS
issued	VBN
Conditional	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
.	.
Seventeen	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
17	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Unified	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNS
are	VBP
recommended	VBN
for	IN
approval	NN
and	CC
the	DT
schools	NNS
be	VB
upgraded	VBN
to	TO
conditional	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
.	.
The	DT
remaining	VBG
two	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
plans	NNS
are	VBP
requested	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
approved	VBN
;	:
however	RB
,	,
the	DT
schools	NNS
remain	VBP
on	IN
seriously	RB
impaired	VBN
status	NN
until	IN
the	DT
1998-99	CD
performance	NN
data	NNS
indicate	VBP
improvement	NN
and	CC
eligibility	NN
to	TO
be	VB
upgraded	VBN
.	.
A	DT
request	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
made	VBN
from	IN
John	NNP
F.	NNP
Elcesser	NNP
,	,
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Diocese	NNP
of	IN
Wheeling-Charleston	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
to	TO
consider	VB
a	DT
review	NN
of	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
and	CC
procedures	NNS
which	WDT
formerly	RB
governed	VBD
the	DT
process	NN
for	IN
nonpublic	JJ
school	NN
accreditation	NN
.	.
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
plans	VBZ
for	IN
all	DT
school	NN
issued	VBN
Temporary	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
Status	NNP
.	.
A	DT
review	NN
of	IN
the	DT
revised	VBN
county	NN
plan	NN
and	CC
school	NN
plans	NNS
revealed	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
plans	NNS
were	VBD
comprehensive	JJ
and	CC
included	VBD
all	PDT
the	DT
required	VBN
components	NNS
.	.
Based	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
revised	VBN
County	NNP
and	CC
School	NNP
Unified	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
,	,
Wood	NNP
County	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
schools	NNS
have	VBP
complied	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
statutory	JJ
and	CC
policy	NN
requirements	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
approval	NN
status	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Wood	NNP
County	NNP
School	NNP
System	NNP
be	VB
upgraded	VBN
from	IN
Temporary	NNP
Approval	NNP
to	TO
Conditional	NNP
Approval	NNP
status	NN
and	CC
the	DT
twenty-one	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
21	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Temporary	JJ
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
schools	NNS
also	RB
be	VB
upgraded	VBN
to	TO
Conditional	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
status	NN
.	.
Education	NNP
:	:
Performance	NNP
Based	VBD
Accreditation	NNP
System	NNP
,	,
require	VBP
that	IN
whenever	WRB
a	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
determined	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
seriously	RB
impaired	VBN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
shall	MD
appoint	VB
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
improvement	NN
consultants	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
for	IN
correcting	VBG
the	DT
impairment	NN
.	.
At	IN
its	PRP$
December	NNP
1998	CD
meeting	NN
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
appointed	VBD
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
improvement	NN
consultants	NNS
to	TO
Magnolia	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Matewan	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
High	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
team	NN
to	TO
Tug	NNP
Valley	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Mingo	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
The	DT
attached	VBN
reports	NNS
provide	VBP
each	DT
Team	NNP
's	POS
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
commendations	NNS
,	,
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
findings	NNS
,	,
and	CC
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
recommendations	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
.	.
Improving	NN
Education	NN
:	:
Performance	NNP
Based	VBD
Accreditation	NNP
System	NNP
,	,
indicate	VBP
that	IN
``	``
The	NNP
State	NNP
Board	NNP
shall	MD
establish	VB
early	JJ
detection	NN
and	CC
intervention	NN
programs	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
underachieving	JJ
schools	NNS
and	CC
school	NN
systems	NNS
in	IN
improving	VBG
performance	NN
...	:
''	''
Education	NNP
:	:
Performance-Based	JJ
Accreditation	NNP
System	NNP
,	,
indicate	VBP
that	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
having	VBG
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
casual	JJ
deficit	NN
shall	MD
submit	VB
a	DT
plan	NN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
specifying	VBG
strategies	NNS
for	IN
eliminating	VBG
the	DT
casual	JJ
deficit	NN
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
Code	NNP
and	CC
Policy	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
shall	MD
either	RB
approve	VB
or	CC
reject	VB
the	DT
plan	NN
.	.
Three	CD
of	IN
the	DT
five	CD
counties	NNS
experiencing	VBG
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
casual	JJ
deficit	NN
submitted	VBD
their	PRP$
required	VBN
plans	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Educational	NNP
Performance	NNP
Audits	NNPS
and	CC
were	VBD
approved	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
November	NNP
State	NNP
Board	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
Sixty-eight	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
68	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
plans	NNS
were	VBD
reviewed	VBN
and	CC
acted	VBN
upon	IN
previously	RB
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
One	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
plan	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
received	VBN
and	CC
reviewed	VBN
.	.
Two	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
plans	VBZ
previously	RB
returned	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
schools	NNS
and	CC
counties	NNS
for	IN
further	JJ
development	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
resubmitted	VBN
and	CC
reviewed	VBN
.	.
Staff	NNP
reviewed	VBD
the	DT
plans	NNS
to	TO
determine	VB
that	IN
the	DT
required	JJ
elements	NNS
were	VBD
included	VBN
,	,
addressed	VBD
the	DT
performance	NN
deficiencies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
date	NN
certain	JJ
was	VBD
realistic	JJ
for	IN
achieving	VBG
full	JJ
accreditation	NN
status	NN
.	.
The	DT
attachment	NN
summarizes	VBZ
the	DT
elements	NNS
of	IN
individual	JJ
Unified	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNP
.	.
All	DT
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
Unified	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Plans	NNS
were	VBD
recommended	VBN
for	IN
approval	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
presented	VBD
a	DT
plaque	NN
to	TO
Kathy	NNP
Boone	NNP
,	,
Project	NNP
Leader	NNP
,	,
as	IN
one	CD
of	IN
nine	CD
state	NN
information	NN
technology	NN
employees	NNS
from	IN
all	DT
state	NN
government	NN
agencies	NNS
to	TO
receive	VB
the	DT
Governor	NNP
's	POS
Technology	NNP
Award	NNP
,	,
a	DT
plaque	NN
and	CC
$	$
1000	CD
,	,
for	IN
innovative	JJ
information	NN
technology	NN
among	IN
state	NN
employees	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
presented	VBD
a	DT
plaque	NN
to	TO
Brenda	NNP
Williams	NNP
recognizing	VBG
and	CC
saluting	VBG
her	PRP$
exemplary	JJ
work	NN
in	IN
promoting	VBG
educational	JJ
technology	NN
in	IN
schools	NNS
across	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
and	CC
for	IN
her	PRP$
national	JJ
leadership	NN
in	IN
learning	VBG
technologies	NNS
.	.
Since	IN
the	DT
complaints	NNS
are	VBP
against	IN
you	PRP
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
difficult	JJ
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
have	VB
sufficient	JJ
objectivity	NN
in	IN
determining	VBG
whether	IN
disclosure	NN
would	MD
result	VB
in	IN
a	DT
substantial	JJ
invasion	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
privacy	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
object	VB
to	TO
disclosure	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
concern	NN
about	IN
objectivity	NN
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
if	IN
a	DT
registered	VBN
professional	JJ
nurse	NN
holds	VBZ
a	DT
BSN	NNP
but	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
hold	VB
the	DT
school	NN
nurse	NN
certification	NN
,	,
can	MD
the	DT
nurse	NN
be	VB
given	VBN
credit	NN
for	IN
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
for	IN
pay	NN
purposes	NNS
for	IN
work	NN
experience	NN
as	IN
a	DT
charge	NN
nurse	NN
or	CC
a	DT
ward	NN
nurse	NN
in	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
setting	VBG
?	.
An	DT
``	``
appeal	NN
''	''
is	VBZ
a	DT
claim	NN
by	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
citizens	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
state	NN
law	NN
or	CC
the	DT
policies	NNS
,	,
rules	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
The	DT
written	JJ
appeal	NN
will	MD
identify	VB
the	DT
specific	JJ
state	NN
law	NN
or	CC
state	NN
board	NN
policy	NN
,	,
rule	NN
or	CC
regulation	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
claimed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
violated	VBN
,	,
and	CC
shall	MD
include	VB
as	RB
much	JJ
information	NN
as	IN
possible	JJ
to	TO
describe	VB
the	DT
alleged	JJ
violation	NN
.	.
Copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
policies	NNS
,	,
rules	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
available	JJ
for	IN
public	JJ
review	NN
at	IN
each	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
office	NN
.	.
Rather	RB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
appellant	NN
alleges	VBZ
events	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
contrary	JJ
to	TO
state	NN
law	NN
or	CC
policy	NN
,	,
counties	NNS
will	MD
process	VB
the	DT
appeal	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
alleged	JJ
events	NNS
clearly	RB
do	VBP
not	RB
involve	VB
the	DT
application	NN
of	IN
state	NN
law	NN
or	CC
policy	NN
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
Citizens	NNPS
Appeal	NNP
process	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
proper	JJ
venue	NN
for	IN
resolving	VBG
the	DT
complaint	NN
and	CC
the	DT
county	NN
will	MD
not	RB
proceed	VB
with	IN
the	DT
steps	NNS
outlined	VBN
in	IN
Policy	NNP
7211	CD
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
this	DT
approach	NN
to	TO
be	VB
both	DT
reasonable	JJ
and	CC
effective	JJ
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
counties	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
process	VB
appeals	NNS
under	IN
Policy	NN
7211	CD
where	WRB
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
is	VBZ
without	IN
authority	NN
to	TO
act	VB
or	CC
where	WRB
the	DT
method	NN
of	IN
appeal	NN
is	VBZ
specifically	RB
established	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
,	,
as	IN
with	IN
appeals	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
placement	NN
of	IN
exceptional	JJ
children	NNS
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
the	DT
term	NN
``	``
appeal	NN
''	''
shall	MD
not	RB
apply	VB
when	WRB
a	DT
citizen	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
personal	JJ
complaint	NN
about	IN
a	DT
school	NN
employee	NN
.	.
Each	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
must	MD
establish	VB
its	PRP$
own	JJ
specific	JJ
procedures	NNS
to	TO
handle	VB
complaints	NNS
about	IN
school	NN
employees	NNS
and	CC
for	IN
other	JJ
citizen	NN
complaints	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
not	RB
governed	VBN
by	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
.	.
When	WRB
a	DT
county	NN
receives	VBZ
a	DT
Citizens	NNPS
Appeal	NNP
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
Policy	NNP
7211	CD
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
proper	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
county	NN
to	TO
examine	VB
the	DT
appeal	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
the	DT
appeal	NN
can	MD
be	VB
processed	VBN
under	IN
Policy	NN
7211	CD
or	CC
whether	IN
the	DT
complaint	NN
should	MD
be	VB
resolved	VBN
by	IN
other	JJ
means	NNS
.	.
In	IN
any	DT
event	NN
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
should	MD
communicate	VB
its	PRP$
decision	NN
to	TO
the	DT
appellant	NN
.	.
Regarding	VBG
attendance	NN
incentives	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
that	IN
I	PRP
consider	VBP
permitting	VBG
counties	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
incentives	NNS
wherein	JJ
students	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
not	RB
missed	VBN
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
set	VBN
number	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
per	IN
semester	NN
are	VBP
exempted	VBN
from	IN
taking	VBG
semester	NN
exams	NNS
.	.
The	DT
rationale	NN
for	IN
allowing	VBG
this	DT
type	NN
of	IN
incentive	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
shown	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
only	JJ
effective	JJ
means	NNS
by	IN
which	WDT
a	DT
county	NN
can	MD
actually	RB
improve	VB
its	PRP$
rate	NN
of	IN
student	NN
attendance	NN
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
opinion	NN
that	IN
county	NN
attendance	NN
incentives	NNS
wherein	JJ
students	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
not	RB
accumulated	VBN
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
set	VBN
number	NN
of	IN
excused	VBN
absences	NNS
per	IN
semester	NN
are	VBP
exempted	VBN
from	IN
taking	VBG
semester	NN
exams	NNS
are	VBP
permissible	JJ
under	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
law	NN
and	CC
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
policy	NN
.	.
Under	IN
such	JJ
policies	NNS
an	DT
award	NN
of	IN
credit	NN
is	VBZ
still	RB
based	VBN
upon	IN
demonstrated	VBN
mastery	NN
of	IN
the	DT
instructional	JJ
objectives	NNS
.	.
No	DT
grades	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
awarded	VBN
or	CC
reduced	VBN
based	VBN
upon	IN
attendance	NN
alone	RB
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
all	DT
such	JJ
policies	NNS
must	MD
clearly	RB
define	VB
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
absences	NNS
after	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
semester	NN
exams	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
required	VBN
,	,
must	MD
clearly	RB
define	VB
excused	VBN
and	CC
unexcused	JJ
absences	NNS
,	,
must	MD
not	RB
base	VB
an	DT
unduly	RB
large	JJ
percentage	NN
of	IN
a	DT
final	JJ
grade	NN
on	IN
the	DT
semester	NN
exam	NN
,	,
and	CC
must	MD
be	VB
applied	VBN
uniformly	RB
to	TO
all	DT
students	NNS
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
recommendation	NN
that	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
be	VB
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
take	VB
semester	NN
exams	NNS
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
the	DT
student	NN
opts	VBZ
not	RB
to	TO
have	VB
the	DT
exam	NN
grade	NN
factored	JJ
into	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
final	JJ
grade	NN
for	IN
a	DT
course	NN
.	.
During	IN
a	DT
recent	JJ
multi-disciplinary	JJ
team	NN
meeting	NN
involving	VBG
the	DT
county	NN
court	NN
,	,
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Human	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
school	NN
officials	NNS
,	,
and	CC
attorneys	NNS
,	,
the	DT
question	NN
was	VBD
raised	VBN
as	IN
to	TO
whether	IN
a	DT
school	NN
system	NN
could	MD
consider	VB
a	DT
student	NN
truant	JJ
if	IN
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
she	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
attending	VBG
the	DT
alternative	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
county	NN
had	VBD
provided	VBN
reimbursement	NN
for	IN
travel	NN
to	TO
the	DT
alternative	JJ
school	NN
,	,
which	WDT
was	VBD
held	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
evening	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
clear	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
Legislative	NNP
intent	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
ages	NNS
of	IN
six	CD
and	CC
sixteen	CD
be	VB
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
and	CC
attend	VB
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
unless	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
conditions	NNS
set	VBP
forth	RB
later	RB
in	IN
the	DT
code	NN
section	NN
is	VBZ
met	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
the	DT
child	NN
is	VBZ
properly	RB
registered	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
county	NN
as	IN
receiving	VBG
home	NN
instruction	NN
,	,
the	DT
child	NN
has	VBZ
graduated	VBN
from	IN
a	DT
standard	JJ
high	JJ
school	NN
,	,
the	DT
child	NN
attends	VBZ
a	DT
recognized	VBN
private	JJ
school	NN
,	,
etc	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
``	``
in	IN
all	DT
but	CC
the	DT
most	RBS
extreme	JJ
cases	NNS
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
reasonable	JJ
state-funded	JJ
educational	JJ
opportunities	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
to	TO
children	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
been	VBN
removed	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
classroom	NN
by	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Safe	NNP
Schools	NNP
Act	NNP
in	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
and	CC
reasonable	JJ
fashion	NN
.	.
Under	IN
such	JJ
circumstances	NNS
,	,
providing	VBG
educational	JJ
opportunities	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
to	TO
such	JJ
children	NNS
is	VBZ
constitutionally	RB
mandated	VBN
.	.
''	''
The	DT
State	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
an	DT
alternate	JJ
education	NN
to	TO
those	DT
students	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
been	VBN
expelled	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
regular	JJ
classroom	NN
setting	NN
.	.
Likewise	RB
,	,
the	DT
expelled	VBN
student	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
attend	VB
the	DT
alternate	JJ
educational	JJ
program	NN
offered	VBN
by	IN
his\/her	NN
county	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
true	JJ
whether	IN
the	DT
alternate	JJ
program	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
day	NN
program	NN
,	,
an	DT
evening	NN
program	NN
,	,
or	CC
consists	VBZ
of	IN
homebound	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
similar	JJ
services	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
student	NN
and	CC
his\/her	NN
parents	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
present	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
educational	JJ
program	NN
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
will	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
truant	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
county	NN
will	MD
be	VB
obligated	VBN
to	TO
pursue	VB
those	DT
remedies	NNS
prescribed	VBN
by	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
'	POS
18-8-2	CD
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
anticipated	VBN
that	IN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
we	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
an	DT
excess	NN
of	IN
one	CD
elementary	JJ
school	NN
principal	NN
.	.
The	DT
district	NN
is	VBZ
currently	RB
in	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
filling	VBG
a	DT
vocational\/technical	JJ
school	NN
principalship	NN
.	.
A	DT
question	NN
has	VBZ
arisen	VBN
concerning	VBG
the	DT
ability	NN
of	IN
an	DT
elementary	JJ
school	NN
principal	NN
who	WP
loses	VBZ
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
position	NN
and	CC
who	WP
has	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
certification	NN
,	,
to	TO
displace	VB
the	DT
vocational\/technical	JJ
school	NN
principal	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
should	MD
the	DT
vocational\/technical	JJ
school	NN
principal	NN
be	VB
the	DT
least	JJS
senior	JJ
principal	NN
in	IN
the	DT
system	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
opinion	NN
that	IN
an	DT
elementary	JJ
school	NN
principal	NN
who	WP
loses	VBZ
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
position	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
have	VB
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
displace	VB
the	DT
vocational\/technical	JJ
school	NN
principal	NN
even	RB
if	IN
the	DT
displaced	VBN
elementary	JJ
principal	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
certification	NN
and	CC
the	DT
vocational\/technical	JJ
school	NN
principal	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
least	JJS
senior	JJ
principal	NN
in	IN
the	DT
system	NN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
about	IN
the	DT
legality	NN
of	IN
entering	VBG
into	IN
memoranda	NNS
of	IN
understanding	VBG
between	IN
the	DT
Jefferson	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Jefferson	NNP
County	NNP
Parks	NNPS
and	CC
Recreation	NNP
Department	NNP
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
collaborative	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
sharing	VBG
facilities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
role	NN
of	IN
the	DT
bus	NN
driver	NN
is	VBZ
critical	JJ
:	:
large	JJ
numbers	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
children	NNS
are	VBP
safely	RB
transported	VBN
throughout	IN
this	DT
state	NN
daily	RB
in	IN
all	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
climates	NNS
during	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
school	NN
bus	NN
drivers	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
constantly	RB
on	IN
alert	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
safety	NN
of	IN
each	DT
individual	JJ
student	NN
,	,
the	DT
group	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
whole	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
public	NN
at	IN
large	JJ
.	.
In	IN
recognizing	VBG
this	DT
level	NN
of	IN
importance	NN
,	,
Policy	NNP
4336	CD
sets	NNS
forth	RB
the	DT
requirements	NNS
and	CC
expectations	NNS
of	IN
not	RB
only	RB
bus	NN
operators	NNS
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
parents	NNS
and	CC
children	NNS
in	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
utilizing	VBG
buses	NNS
in	IN
our	PRP$
school	NN
system	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
transportation	NN
schedules	NNS
often	RB
abruptly	RB
change	VB
to	TO
reflect	VB
responses	NNS
to	TO
weather	VB
,	,
curriculum	NN
needs	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
unexpected	JJ
occurrences	NNS
.	.
Snow	NNP
delays	NNS
,	,
early	RB
dismissals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
actual	JJ
bus	NN
equipment	NN
failures	NNS
can	MD
lengthen	VB
or	CC
alter	VB
a	DT
regular	JJ
schedule	NN
for	IN
a	DT
bus	NN
driver	NN
.	.
To	TO
fulfill	VB
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
employment	NN
,	,
the	DT
driver	NN
=	SYM
s	PRP
schedule	NN
must	MD
be	VB
flexible	JJ
to	TO
meet	VB
those	DT
challenges	NNS
.	.
To	TO
maintain	VB
the	DT
expectations	NNS
and	CC
meet	VB
the	DT
challenges	NNS
facing	VBG
a	DT
full-time	JJ
bus	NN
driver	NN
,	,
including	VBG
a	DT
required	VBN
six	CD
hours	NNS
of	IN
uninterrupted	JJ
rest	NN
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
'	''
14.2	CD
of	IN
Policy	NN
4336	CD
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
possible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
bus	NN
operator	NN
you	PRP
described	VBD
to	TO
simultaneously	RB
serve	VB
in	IN
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
a	DT
full	JJ
-	:
time	NN
bus	NN
operator	NN
and	CC
in	IN
a	DT
full-time	JJ
position	NN
with	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
manufacturing	NN
firm	NN
.	.
Though	IN
a	DT
county	NN
is	VBZ
generally	RB
only	RB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
ensuring	VBG
that	IN
it	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
impose	VB
a	DT
work	NN
schedule	NN
on	IN
an	DT
employee	NN
that	WDT
precludes	VBZ
six	CD
hours	NNS
of	IN
uninterrupted	JJ
rest	NN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
present	JJ
scenario	NN
there	EX
is	VBZ
un-controverted	JJ
evidence	NN
that	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
obtain	VB
six	CD
hours	NNS
of	IN
uninterrupted	JJ
rest	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
at	IN
an	DT
alternate	JJ
location	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
can	MD
not	RB
overlook	VB
the	DT
detrimental	JJ
result	NN
this	DT
may	MD
have	VB
on	IN
the	DT
driver	NN
in	IN
question	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
opinion	NN
that	IN
someone	NN
employed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
full-time	JJ
bus	NN
driver	NN
by	IN
a	DT
county	NN
school	NN
system	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
by	IN
Section	NN
14.1	CD
to	TO
understand	VB
that	DT
transporting	VBG
the	DT
school	NN
children	NNS
is	VBZ
paramount	JJ
in	IN
importance	NN
and	CC
safety	NN
.	.
No	DT
other	JJ
employment	NN
position	NN
can	MD
limit	VB
or	CC
interfere	VB
with	IN
those	DT
duties	NNS
as	IN
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
Policy	NN
4336	CD
.	.
All	DT
children	NNS
entering	VBG
school	NN
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
in	IN
this	DT
state	NN
shall	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
immunized	VBN
against	IN
diphtheria	NN
,	,
polio	NN
,	,
rubeola	NN
,	,
rubella	NN
,	,
tetanus	NN
and	CC
whooping	JJ
cough	NN
.	.
Any	DT
person	NN
who	WP
can	MD
not	RB
give	VB
satisfactory	JJ
proof	NN
of	IN
having	VBG
been	VBN
immunized	VBN
previously	RB
or	CC
a	DT
certificate	NN
from	IN
a	DT
reputable	JJ
physician	NN
showing	VBG
that	IN
an	DT
immunization	NN
for	IN
any	DT
or	CC
all	DT
diphtheria	NN
,	,
polio	NN
,	,
rubeola	NN
,	,
rubella	NN
,	,
tetanus	NN
and	CC
whooping	JJ
cough	NN
is	VBZ
impossible	JJ
or	CC
improper	JJ
or	CC
sufficient	JJ
reason	NN
why	WRB
any	DT
or	CC
all	DT
immunizations	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
done	VBN
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
immunized	VBN
for	IN
diphtheria	NN
,	,
polio	NN
,	,
rubeola	NN
,	,
rubella	NN
,	,
tetanus	NN
and	CC
whooping	JJ
cough	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
being	VBG
admitted	VBN
in	IN
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
No	DT
child	NN
or	CC
person	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
admitted	VBN
or	CC
received	VBN
in	IN
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
until	IN
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
immunized	VBN
as	IN
hereinafter	NN
provided	VBN
or	CC
produces	VBZ
a	DT
certificate	NN
from	IN
a	DT
reputable	JJ
physician	NN
showing	VBG
that	IN
an	DT
immunization	NN
for	IN
diphtheria	NN
,	,
polio	NN
,	,
rubeola	NN
,	,
rubella	NN
,	,
tetanus	NN
and	CC
whooping	JJ
cough	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
done	VBN
or	CC
is	VBZ
impossible	JJ
or	CC
improper	JJ
or	CC
other	JJ
sufficient	JJ
reason	NN
why	WRB
such	JJ
immunizations	NNS
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
done	VBN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
emphasis	NN
added	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
In	IN
sum	NN
,	,
it	PRP
remains	VBZ
my	PRP$
opinion	NN
that	IN
a	DT
student	NN
in	IN
foster	JJ
care	NN
may	MD
be	VB
enrolled	VBN
and	CC
enter	VBP
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
without	IN
immunization	NN
records	NNS
in	IN
hand	NN
,	,
excepting	VBG
those	DT
entering	VBG
school	NN
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
.	.
For	IN
students	NNS
enrolling	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
in	IN
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
School	NNP
system	NN
,	,
each	DT
must	MD
receive	VB
one	CD
dose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
required	VBN
immunization	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
entering	VBG
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
schools	NNS
.	.
After	IN
receiving	VBG
the	DT
first	JJ
dose	NN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
shall	MD
have	VB
ninety	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
90	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
to	TO
complete	VB
receiving	VBG
the	DT
final	JJ
required	JJ
doses	NNS
of	IN
those	DT
vaccines	NNS
to	TO
physically	RB
remain	VB
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
environment	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
unusual	JJ
event	NN
that	IN
a	DT
parent	NN
and\/or	CC
guardian	NN
refuses	VBZ
to	TO
obtain	VB
the	DT
required	VBN
first	RB
dose	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
child	NN
entering	VBG
the	DT
school	NN
facility	NN
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
school	NN
board	NN
should	MD
not	RB
simply	RB
refuse	VB
enrollment	NN
.	.
Rather	RB
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
should	MD
enroll	VB
the	DT
child	NN
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
determine	VB
how	WRB
educational	JJ
services	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
rendered	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
least	JJS
restrictive	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
way	NN
the	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
enrolled	VBN
and	CC
receiving	VBG
educational	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
but	CC
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
permitted	VBN
to	TO
enter	VB
the	DT
school	NN
environment	NN
.	.
Each	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
shall	MD
promulgate	VB
rules	NNS
by	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
and	CC
agenda	NN
of	IN
all	DT
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meetings	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
and	CC
purpose	NN
of	IN
all	DT
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
are	VBP
made	VBN
available	JJ
,	,
in	IN
advance	NN
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
news	NN
media	NNS
,	,
except	IN
in	IN
the	DT
event	NN
of	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
action	NN
.	.
Each	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
of	IN
the	DT
executive	JJ
branch	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
shall	MD
file	VB
a	DT
notice	NN
of	IN
any	DT
meeting	NN
with	IN
the	DT
secretary	NN
of	IN
state	NN
for	IN
publication	NN
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
register	NN
.	.
Each	DT
notice	NN
shall	MD
state	VB
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
and	CC
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Each	DT
notice	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
filed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
to	TO
allow	VB
each	DT
notice	NN
to	TO
appear	VB
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
register	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
five	CD
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
generally	RB
requires	VBZ
governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
certain	JJ
information	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
news	NN
media	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
including	VBG
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
and	CC
agenda	NN
of	IN
all	DT
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meetings	NNS
;	:
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
and	CC
purpose	NN
of	IN
all	DT
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
specifically	RB
requires	VBZ
State	NNP
executive	JJ
branch	NN
agencies	NNS
to	TO
publish	VB
notice	NN
of	IN
any	DT
special	JJ
or	CC
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
in	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Register	NNP
at	IN
least	JJS
five	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Otherwise	RB
,	,
the	DT
Act	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
comprehensively	RB
describe	VBP
when	WRB
and	CC
how	WRB
this	DT
information	NN
should	MD
be	VB
disseminated	VBN
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
this	DT
Committee	NNP
,	,
consistent	JJ
with	IN
its	PRP$
limited	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
review	VB
additional	JJ
provisions	NNS
as	IN
discussed	VBN
above	IN
,	,
finds	VBZ
that	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
no	DT
additional	JJ
provisions	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
bylaws	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
inconsistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
asks	VBZ
when	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
to	TO
add	VB
additional	JJ
items	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
in	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
including	VBG
items	NNS
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
authorized	VBN
for	IN
discussion	NN
in	IN
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
.	.
He	PRP
further	RB
asks	VBZ
how	WRB
specific	JJ
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
must	MD
be	VB
in	IN
stating	VBG
the	DT
reason	NN
for	IN
going	VBG
into	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
also	RB
seeks	VBZ
guidance	NN
on	IN
when	WRB
a	DT
personnel	NNS
policy	NN
may	MD
be	VB
discussed	VBN
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
his	PRP$
understanding	NN
that	IN
personnel	NNS
matters	NNS
regarding	VBG
particular	JJ
employees	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
discussed	VBN
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
but	CC
general	JJ
personnel	NNS
policies	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
discussed	VBN
in	IN
public	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
has	VBZ
provided	VBN
an	DT
example	NN
:	:
an	DT
employee	NN
is	VBZ
challenging	VBG
a	DT
personnel	NNS
policy	NN
regarding	VBG
hiring	VBG
practices	NNS
for	IN
certain	JJ
positions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
may	MD
wish	VB
to	TO
discuss	VB
revising	VBG
or	CC
rescinding	VBG
the	DT
policy	NN
,	,
thereby	RB
resolving	VBG
the	DT
dispute	NN
.	.
May	NNP
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
meet	VBP
in	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
to	TO
consider	VB
the	DT
challenged	VBN
policy	NN
?	.
This	DT
Committee	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
circumstances	NNS
where	WRB
a	DT
general	JJ
personnel	NNS
policy	NN
may	MD
properly	RB
be	VB
discussed	VBN
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
exceptions	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
However	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
set	NN
of	IN
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
presented	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
requester	NN
,	,
this	DT
Committee	NNP
is	VBZ
unable	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
definitive	JJ
guidance	NN
on	IN
the	DT
applicability	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
exceptions	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
security	NN
or	CC
the	DT
attorney-client	JJ
privilege	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
is	VBZ
currently	RB
serving	VBG
on	IN
a	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
Her	PRP$
spouse	NN
is	VBZ
employed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
corporation	NN
that	WDT
conducts	VBZ
student	NN
testing	NN
under	IN
a	DT
contract	NN
with	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
These	DT
tests	NNS
are	VBP
conducted	VBN
in	IN
elementary	JJ
and	CC
secondary	JJ
schools	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
country	NN
using	VBG
federal	JJ
funds	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
select	JJ
or	CC
control	VB
the	DT
services	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
testing	NN
contractor	NN
nor	CC
contribute	VBP
any	DT
funding	NN
to	TO
support	VB
this	DT
federal	JJ
contract	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
is	VBZ
contemplating	VBG
accepting	VBG
employment	NN
with	IN
this	DT
same	JJ
company	NN
in	IN
the	DT
coming	JJ
year	NN
.	.
She	PRP
notes	VBZ
that	IN
she	PRP
and	CC
her	PRP$
spouse	NN
can	MD
be	VB
scheduled	VBN
so	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
work	VB
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
where	WRB
she	PRP
serves	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
.	.
The	DT
limitation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibiting	VBG
elected	VBN
officials	NNS
from	IN
having	VBG
an	DT
interest	NN
in	IN
public	JJ
contracts	NNS
under	IN
their	PRP$
authority	NN
or	CC
control	NN
includes	VBZ
a	DT
specific	JJ
proviso	NN
that	WDT
allows	VBZ
an	DT
official	NN
to	TO
be	VB
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
governmental	JJ
body	NN
where	WRB
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
serves	VBZ
.	.
This	DT
proviso	NN
would	MD
allow	VB
the	DT
requester	NN
to	TO
be	VB
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
on	IN
which	WDT
she	PRP
serves	VBZ
without	IN
offending	VBG
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
Inasmuch	NNP
as	IN
student	NN
assessments	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
those	DT
conducted	VBN
by	IN
this	DT
private	JJ
employer	NN
,	,
may	MD
potentially	RB
generate	VB
significant	JJ
consequences	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
status	NN
and	CC
finances	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
avoid	VB
any	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
impropriety	NN
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
recommends	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
requester	NN
obtain	VB
an	DT
accommodation	NN
whereby	WRB
neither	CC
she	PRP
nor	CC
her	PRP$
husband	NN
will	MD
conduct	VB
testing	NN
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
where	WRB
she	PRP
serves	VBZ
.	.
The	DT
Fountain	NNP
Public	NNP
Service	NNP
District	NNP
proposes	VBZ
to	TO
post	VB
notice	NN
of	IN
each	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
and	CC
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
72	CD
hours	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Inasmuch	NNP
as	IN
the	DT
District	NNP
ordinarily	RB
meets	VBZ
on	IN
Monday	NNP
,	,
the	DT
proposed	VBN
rule	NN
allows	VBZ
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
to	TO
comply	VB
by	IN
posting	VBG
a	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
and	CC
agenda	NN
for	IN
a	DT
7:00	CD
PM	NNP
Monday	NNP
meeting	NN
not	RB
later	RB
than	IN
7:00	CD
PM	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Friday	NNP
.	.
Because	IN
the	DT
rule	NN
allows	VBZ
the	DT
agenda	NN
to	TO
be	VB
amended	VBN
up	RP
to	TO
48	CD
hours	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
,	,
an	DT
amended	VBN
agenda	NN
could	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
as	IN
late	JJ
as	IN
7:00	CD
PM	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Saturday	NNP
.	.
In	IN
these	DT
hypothetical	JJ
examples	NNS
,	,
the	DT
public	JJ
and	CC
media	NNS
would	MD
have	VB
only	RB
one	CD
working	VBG
day	NN
to	TO
make	VB
plans	NNS
to	TO
attend	VB
or	CC
cover	VB
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
This	DT
Committee	NNP
concludes	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
notice	NN
provided	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
rule	NN
is	VBZ
insufficient	JJ
to	TO
fulfill	VB
the	DT
Legislative	JJ
intent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
,	,
and	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
provide	VB
reasonable	JJ
notice	NN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
event	NN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
finds	VBZ
it	PRP
necessary	JJ
to	TO
amend	VB
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
to	TO
include	VB
a	DT
matter	NN
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
action	NN
,	,
such	JJ
amended	VBN
agenda	NN
should	MD
explain	VB
the	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
which	WDT
warrants	VBZ
dispensing	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
normal	JJ
notice	NN
period	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
this	DT
same	JJ
explanation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
should	MD
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
minutes	NNS
for	IN
that	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
In	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
the	DT
District	NNP
may	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
posting	VBG
notice	NN
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
business	NN
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
This	DT
notice	NN
must	MD
include	VB
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
of	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
It	PRP
must	MD
also	RB
describe	VB
the	DT
purpose	NN
or	CC
purposes	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
either	CC
in	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
,	,
or	CC
on	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
agenda	NN
for	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
made	VBN
available	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
and	CC
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
generally	RB
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
using	VBG
their	PRP$
public	JJ
positions	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
personal	JJ
private	JJ
gain	NN
or	CC
the	DT
private	JJ
gain	NN
of	IN
another	DT
.	.
This	DT
conflict	NN
of	IN
interest	NN
rule	NN
generally	RB
prohibits	VBZ
elected	VBN
,	,
appointed	VBN
or	CC
employed	VBN
persons	NNS
in	IN
public	JJ
service	NN
from	IN
using	VBG
government	NN
resources	NNS
for	IN
personal	JJ
projects	NNS
that	WDT
do	VBP
not	RB
benefit	VB
the	DT
public	JJ
generally	RB
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
operating	VBG
a	DT
public	JJ
park	NN
and	CC
picnic	NN
area	NN
using	VBG
government	NN
personnel	NNS
and	CC
funds	NNS
represents	VBZ
the	DT
type	NN
of	IN
activity	NN
that	IN
a	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
may	MD
properly	RB
sustain	VB
,	,
because	IN
a	DT
recreational	JJ
facility	NN
of	IN
this	DT
nature	NN
benefits	VBZ
the	DT
public	JJ
generally	RB
.	.
Although	IN
every	DT
citizen	NN
in	IN
the	DT
community	NN
may	MD
not	RB
take	VB
advantage	NN
of	IN
the	DT
facilities	NNS
offered	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
park	NN
,	,
this	DT
public	JJ
facility	NN
remains	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
everyone	NN
under	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
terms	NNS
and	CC
conditions	NNS
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
requester	NN
,	,
providing	VBG
county	NN
resources	NNS
to	TO
operate	VB
a	DT
shuttle	NN
service	NN
for	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
family	NN
picnic	NN
being	VBG
held	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
park	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
amenities	NNS
which	WDT
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
has	VBZ
routinely	RB
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
large	JJ
groups	NNS
attending	VBG
private	JJ
events	NNS
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
notes	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
followed	VBN
appropriate	JJ
guidance	NN
from	IN
the	DT
judiciary	NN
that	WDT
alternative	JJ
sentencing	NN
personnel	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
projects	NNS
on	IN
private	JJ
property	NN
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
this	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
use	NN
of	IN
county	NN
resources	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
shuttle	NN
service	NN
for	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
picnic	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
permissible	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
circumstances	NNS
presented	VBN
.	.
The	DT
rule	NN
provides	VBZ
for	IN
convening	VBG
an	DT
emergency	NN
meeting	NN
when	WRB
the	DT
Board	NNP
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
take	VB
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
action	NN
on	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
.	.
The	DT
rule	NN
provides	VBZ
for	IN
written	VBN
notice	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Secretary	NNP
of	IN
State	NNP
stating	VBG
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
and	CC
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
historic	JJ
application	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
by	IN
the	DT
Secretary	NNP
of	IN
State	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Committee	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
this	DT
publication	NN
in	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Register	NNP
must	MD
take	VB
place	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
five	CD
calendar	NN
days	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
For	IN
these	DT
purposes	NNS
,	,
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
publication	NN
counts	NNS
as	IN
one	CD
day	NN
.	.
All	DT
intervening	VBG
days	NNS
are	VBP
likewise	RB
counted	VBN
,	,
including	VBG
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
without	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
day	NN
when	WRB
the	DT
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
scheduled	VBN
to	TO
begin	VB
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
specify	VB
how	WRB
far	RB
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	VBG
an	DT
agenda	NN
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
.	.
This	DT
Committee	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
intended	VBD
each	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
of	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
to	TO
make	VB
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
time	NN
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
or	CC
special	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
rule	NN
properly	RB
requires	VBZ
publication	NN
of	IN
a	DT
notice	NN
for	IN
each	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
in	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Register	NNP
at	IN
least	JJS
five	CD
calendar	NN
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
While	IN
this	DT
five	CD
calendar	NN
day	NN
time	NN
frame	NN
governs	VBZ
the	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
period	NN
for	IN
both	DT
special	JJ
and	CC
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
executive	JJ
branch	NN
agency	NN
of	IN
state	NN
government	NN
,	,
a	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
for	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
only	RB
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
two	CD
business	NN
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
information	NN
provided	VBN
,	,
the	DT
-LRB-	-LRB-
OSE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
does	VBZ
not	RB
take	VB
issue	NN
with	IN
team-teaching	JJ
as	IN
an	DT
instructional	JJ
method	NN
.	.
Regulations	NNPS
do	VBP
stipulate	VB
that	DT
teachers	NNS
providing	VBG
content	JJ
courses	NNS
have	VBP
certification	NN
in	IN
the	DT
areas	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
are	VBP
delivering	VBG
content	NN
.	.
County	NNP
school	NN
systems	NNS
can	MD
not	RB
use	VB
team-teaching	JJ
to	TO
avoid	VB
providing	VBG
classrooms	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
teacher	NN
that	WDT
are	VBP
adequate	JJ
and	CC
comparable	JJ
to	TO
classrooms	NNS
for	IN
non-disabled	JJ
peers	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
Putnam	NNP
County	NNP
schools	NNS
must	MD
also	RB
meet	VB
the	DT
caseload	NN
requirements	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
special	JJ
education	NN
teacher	NN
.	.
These	DT
requirements	NNS
are	VBP
addressed	VBN
in	IN
Policy	NNP
2419	CD
:	:
Regulations	NNPS
for	IN
the	DT
Education	NN
of	IN
Exceptional	JJ
Students	NNS
.	.
Any	DT
license	NN
which	WDT
expired	VBD
more	JJR
than	IN
ten	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
reflected	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
web-based	JJ
inquiry	NN
system	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
questions	NNS
about	IN
this	DT
information	NN
,	,
please	VB
direct	JJ
your	PRP$
inquiries	NNS
to	TO
mfmiller@access.k12.wv.us	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
mission	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
leadership	NN
,	,
training	NN
and	CC
support	NN
for	IN
schools	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
communities	NNS
designed	VBN
to	TO
improve	VB
collaboration	NN
and	CC
ensure	VB
the	DT
health	NN
and	CC
educational	JJ
achievement	NN
of	IN
children	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
,	,
nurturing	VBG
and	CC
disciplined	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
The	DT
ADA	NNP
Foundation	NNP
is	VBZ
proud	JJ
to	TO
announce	VB
that	DT
grant	NN
applications	NNS
are	VBP
now	RB
being	VBG
accepted	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
Champions	NNS
for	IN
Healthy	JJ
Kids	NNS
Grants	NNPS
,	,
a	DT
partnership	NN
of	IN
the	DT
General	NNP
Mills	NNP
Foundation	NNP
,	,
the	DT
American	JJ
Dietetic	NNP
Association	NNP
Foundation	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
President	NNP
's	POS
Challenge	NNP
.	.
This	DT
grant	NN
program	NN
supports	VBZ
community-based	JJ
groups	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
desire	NN
to	TO
refurbish	VB
fun	NN
and	CC
healthy	JJ
community	NN
youth	NN
playing	VBG
fields	NNS
.	.
Grant	NNP
funds	NNS
valued	VBN
at	IN
$	$
5,000	CD
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
toward	IN
the	DT
purchase	NN
of	IN
materials	NNS
,	,
equipment	NN
and	CC
supplies	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
ensure	VB
the	DT
effective	JJ
use	NN
and	CC
longevity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
field	NN
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
finds	VBZ
and	CC
declares	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
rise	NN
in	IN
obesity	NN
and	CC
related	VBN
weight	NN
problems	NNS
accompanied	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
resulting	VBG
incidence	NN
of	IN
chronic	JJ
disease	NN
has	VBZ
created	VBN
a	DT
health	NN
care	NN
crisis	NN
that	WDT
burdens	VBZ
the	DT
health	NN
care	NN
infrastructure	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
PDC	NNP
coordinates	VBZ
the	DT
selection	NN
of	IN
experienced	JJ
presenters	NNS
and	CC
develops	VBZ
training	NN
activities	NNS
,	,
materials	NNS
and	CC
programs	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
determines	VBZ
workshop	NN
topics	NNS
and	CC
formulates	VBZ
training	NN
schedules	NNS
and	CC
agendas	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
collaborative	JJ
planning	NN
decisions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
PDC	NNP
takes	VBZ
a	DT
customer	NN
service	NN
approach	NN
to	TO
running	VBG
the	DT
training	NN
center	NN
and	CC
strives	VBZ
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
logistical	JJ
process	NN
of	IN
participating	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
PDC	NNP
event	NN
as	IN
pleasant	JJ
as	IN
possible	JJ
so	IN
that	IN
participants	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
distracted	VBN
from	IN
achieving	VBG
the	DT
training	NN
objectives	NNS
being	VBG
addressed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
event	NN
agenda	NN
.	.
The	DT
document	NN
's	POS
two	CD
year	NN
development	NN
process	NN
included	VBD
the	DT
input	NN
of	IN
a	DT
thirteen	JJ
member	NN
writing	VBG
team	NN
,	,
fourteen	CD
pilot	NN
test	NN
sites	NNS
and	CC
more	JJR
than	IN
100	CD
project	NN
staff	NN
that	WDT
participated	VBD
in	IN
events	NNS
to	TO
review	VB
,	,
use	VB
and	CC
comment	VB
on	IN
the	DT
document	NN
.	.
The	DT
document	NN
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
identify	VB
competency	NN
needs	NNS
as	IN
stand-alone	JJ
topics	NNS
or	CC
within	IN
the	DT
context	NN
of	IN
risk	NN
behavior	NN
topics	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
Spring	NN
of	IN
2006	CD
a	DT
committee	NN
of	IN
school	NN
nurses	NNS
came	VBD
together	RB
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
much	JJ
needed	VBN
mentorship	NN
manual	NN
for	IN
school	NN
nurses	NNS
.	.
currently	RB
no	DT
law	NN
exist	VBP
to	TO
ensure	VB
school	NN
nurse	NN
have	VBP
a	DT
mentor	NN
but	CC
some	DT
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
may	MD
choose	VB
to	TO
incorporate	VB
a	DT
mentor	NN
for	IN
all	DT
new	JJ
hires	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
click	VB
on	IN
the	DT
above	JJ
link	NN
to	TO
download	VB
the	DT
manual	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
school	NN
nurses	NNS
go	VBP
above	RB
and	CC
beyond	IN
the	DT
call	NN
of	IN
duty	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
spend	VBP
countless	JJ
hours	NNS
developing	VBG
prevention	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
ensuring	VBG
coverage	NN
for	IN
student	NN
health	NN
needs	NNS
,	,
training	NN
school	NN
personnel	NNS
to	TO
do	VB
basic	JJ
and	CC
specialized	JJ
procedures	NNS
,	,
developing	VBG
504	CD
Plans	NNS
,	,
attending	VBG
IEP	NNP
meetings	NNS
,	,
traveling	VBG
from	IN
one	CD
school	NN
to	TO
the	DT
next	JJ
,	,
managing	VBG
and	CC
monitoring	VBG
student	NN
health	NN
,	,
implementing	VBG
wellness	JJ
programs	NNS
for	IN
school	NN
staff	NN
and	CC
providing	VBG
children	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
positive	JJ
and	CC
caring	VBG
learning	VBG
environment	NN
.	.
A	DT
BIG	NNP
thank	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
all	DT
school	NN
nurses	NNS
for	IN
ensuring	VBG
students	NNS
receive	VBP
quality	NN
health	NN
and	CC
education	NN
in	IN
WV	NNP
public	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
SB	NNP
53	CD
was	VBD
passed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
spring	NN
of	IN
2006	CD
allowing	VBG
a	DT
1	CD
million	CD
dollar	NN
appropriation	NN
for	IN
counties	NNS
caring	VBG
for	IN
children	NNS
with	IN
specialized	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
needs	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
setting	VBG
under	IN
a	DT
physician	NN
's	POS
order	NN
and	CC
parent	NN
permission	NN
with	IN
care	NN
from	IN
the	DT
certified	JJ
school	NN
nurse	NN
.	.
The	DT
ten	CD
procedures	NNS
elected	VBN
for	IN
are	VBP
insulin	NN
by	IN
injection	NN
,	,
insulin	NN
by	IN
pump	NN
,	,
metered	JJ
dose	NN
inhaler	NN
,	,
rectal	JJ
diazepam	NN
,	,
vagal	JJ
nerve	NN
stimulator	NN
,	,
sterile	JJ
catheterization	NN
,	,
sterile	JJ
suctioning	VBG
,	,
emergency	NN
care	NN
and	CC
cleaning	NN
of	IN
trach	NN
tube	NN
and	CC
stoma	NN
,	,
emergency	NN
replacement	NN
of	IN
tracheostomy	NN
tube	NN
and	CC
mechanical	JJ
ventilator	NN
.	.
A	DT
one-page	JJ
School	NNP
Nurse	NNP
Needs	NNS
Assessment	NNP
Brief	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
created	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
quick	JJ
review	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
distribution	NN
of	IN
certified	JJ
school	NN
nurses	NNS
,	,
student	NN
screenings	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
with	IN
medical\/health	NN
conditions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
complete	JJ
School	NNP
Nurse	NNP
Needs	NNS
Assessment	NNP
is	VBZ
posted	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Healthy	JJ
Schools	NNS
home	NN
page	NN
and	CC
above	IN
.	.
A	DT
big	JJ
thank	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
187	CD
school	NN
nurses	NNS
participating	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
survey	NN
.	.
Please	VB
click	VB
on	IN
the	DT
above	JJ
link	NN
to	TO
view	VB
the	DT
brief	NN
.	.
The	DT
next	JJ
meeting	NN
will	MD
be	VB
February	NNP
22	CD
and	CC
23	CD
,	,
2007	CD
at	IN
the	DT
Days	NNS
Inn	NNP
of	IN
Flatwoods	NNP
,	,
WV	NNP
.	.
Certified	JJ
school	NN
nurses	NNS
can	MD
submit	VB
any	DT
information	NN
,	,
updates	NNS
,	,
recommendations	NNS
and	CC
clarification	NN
needs	NNS
regarding	VBG
basic	JJ
and	CC
specialized	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
procedures	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
council	NN
member	NN
representing	VBG
your	PRP$
RESA	NNP
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
periodically	RB
receive	VB
emails	NNS
concerning	VBG
updates	NNS
or	CC
information	NN
about	IN
character	NN
education	NN
resources	NNS
or	CC
professional	JJ
development	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
please	VB
send	VB
an	DT
email	NN
to	TO
Lisa	NNP
Burton	NNP
at	IN
lgburton@access.k12.wv.us	CD
.	.
A	DT
:	:
Schools	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
provide	VB
nursing\/health	NN
services	NNS
only	RB
if	IN
the	DT
field	NN
trip	NN
is	VBZ
curricular	JJ
or	CC
co-curricular	JJ
and	CC
related	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Content	NNP
Standards	NNPS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
.	.
Schools	NNS
will	MD
make	VB
every	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
school	NN
health	NN
services	NNS
to	TO
children	NNS
with	IN
specialized	JJ
procedures	NNS
but	CC
must	MD
check	VB
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
delegate	VB
certain	JJ
procedures	NNS
in	IN
other	JJ
states	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
time	NN
frame	NN
for	IN
delegating	VBG
or	CC
practicing	VBG
nursing	NN
in	IN
another	DT
state	NN
.	.
.	.
Arranging	VBG
a	DT
field	NN
trip	NN
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
lengthy	JJ
process	NN
and	CC
requires	VBZ
ample	JJ
notification	NN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
nurse	NN
and	CC
parent	NN
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
will	MD
do	VB
everything	NN
in	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
power	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
health	NN
services	NNS
to	TO
any	DT
student	NN
but	CC
state	NN
limitation	NN
in	IN
practice	NN
of	IN
school	NN
nursing	NN
may	MD
inhibit	VB
schools	NNS
from	IN
providing	VBG
services	NNS
and	CC
require	VB
parent\/guardian	JJ
involvement	NN
,	,
please	VB
work	NN
closely	RB
with	IN
the	DT
school	NN
system	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
a	DT
collaborative	NN
,	,
coordinated	VBN
effort	NN
in	IN
meeting	VBG
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
child	NN
.	.
Sometimes	RB
school	NN
are	VBP
forced	VBN
to	TO
make	VB
decisions	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
best	RB
for	IN
the	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
situation	NN
,	,
again	RB
please	VB
work	NN
with	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
in	IN
all	DT
arrangements	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
medication	NN
administration	NN
policy	NN
utilizing	VBG
the	DT
guidelines	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
Policy	NN
2422.8	CD
.	.
Please	VB
review	VB
your	PRP$
county	NN
's	POS
medication	NN
administration	NN
policy	NN
for	IN
county	NN
specific	JJ
question	NN
.	.
Code	NNP
18-5-22	CD
,	,
requires	VBZ
each	DT
county	NN
board	NN
to	TO
employ	VB
1	CD
school	NN
nurse	NN
per	IN
every	DT
1500	CD
children	NNS
in	IN
grades	NNS
kindergarten	NN
through	IN
seven	CD
;	:
provided	VBD
that	DT
each	DT
county	NN
shall	MD
employee	NN
full	JJ
time	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
one	CD
school	NN
nurse	NN
.	.
Clinics	NNS
located	VBN
in	IN
schools	NNS
that	WDT
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
sponsored	VBN
and	CC
operated	VBN
by	IN
community	NN
based	VBN
health	NN
organizations	NNS
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
provide	VBP
primary	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
services	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
diagnosis	NN
and	CC
treatment	NN
of	IN
acute	JJ
illness	NN
,	,
management	NN
of	IN
chronic	JJ
illness	NN
,	,
physical	JJ
exams	NNS
,	,
immunizations	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
preventive	JJ
services	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
students	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
health	NN
center	NN
;	:
and	CC
3	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
follow	VBP
state	NN
and	CC
federal	JJ
laws	NNS
,	,
policies	NNS
,	,
procedures	NNS
and	CC
professional	JJ
standards	NNS
for	IN
provision	NN
of	IN
medical	JJ
care	NN
.	.
Development	NNP
and	CC
implementation	NN
of	IN
individualized	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
plans	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
with	IN
special	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
needs	NNS
or	CC
those	DT
with	IN
chronic	JJ
health	NN
conditions	NNS
Health	NNP
counseling	NN
Mandated	VBN
screenings	NNS
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
vision	NN
,	,
hearing	NN
,	,
immunization	NN
status	NN
,	,
evaluation	NN
of	IN
TB	NN
testing	NN
for	IN
out-of-state	JJ
transfers	NNS
and	CC
new	JJ
school	NN
employees	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
Both	DT
the	DT
school	NN
nurse	NN
and	CC
the	DT
SBHC	NNP
have	VBP
distinct	JJ
roles	NNS
and	CC
each	DT
contributes	VBZ
to	TO
students	NNS
'	POS
health	NN
,	,
academic	JJ
outcomes	NNS
,	,
life-long	JJ
achievement	NN
,	,
and	CC
over-all	JJ
student	NN
and	CC
staff	NN
well-being	NN
.	.
One	CD
does	VBZ
not	RB
replace	VB
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
and	CC
Human	NNP
Resources	NNPS
,	,
Bureau	NNP
for	IN
Child	NNP
Support	NN
Enforcement	NN
has	VBZ
produced	VBN
a	DT
new	JJ
video	NN
and	CC
curriculum	NN
.	.
The	DT
new	JJ
program	NN
is	VBZ
entitled	VBN
``	``
Get	VB
More	JJR
''	''
and	CC
is	VBZ
intended	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
conducted	VBN
primarily	RB
with	IN
grades	NNS
7	CD
-	:
12	CD
.	.
The	DT
major	JJ
goal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
project	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
frame	VB
young	JJ
peoples	NNS
attitudes	NNS
about	IN
child-bearing	NN
through	IN
education	NN
and	CC
goal	NN
setting	VBG
to	TO
ensure	VB
they	PRP
``	``
Get	VB
More	JJR
Out	IN
of	IN
Life	NNP
''	''
.	.
A	DT
shared	VBN
vision	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
students	NNS
appropriate	JJ
and	CC
quality	JJ
counseling	NN
guided	VBD
an	DT
initiative	NN
to	TO
redefine	VB
the	DT
existing	VBG
school	NN
counseling	NN
program	NN
.	.
Collaborative	NNP
work	NN
among	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
School	NNP
Counselor	NNP
Association	NNP
,	,
the	DT
education	NN
leadership	NN
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Legislature	NNP
,	,
and	CC
school	NN
counselors	NNS
across	IN
the	DT
state	NN
resulted	VBD
in	IN
sweeping	JJ
legislation	NN
that	WDT
redefined	VBD
school	NN
counseling	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
in	IN
2002	CD
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
core	NN
of	IN
this	DT
national	JJ
model	NN
are	VBP
student	NN
centered	VBN
standards	NNS
and	CC
competencies	NNS
in	IN
three	CD
domains	NNS
:	:
academic	JJ
,	,
career	NN
,	,
and	CC
personal\/social	JJ
development	NN
.	.
The	DT
ASCA	NNP
National	NNP
Model	NNP
reflects	VBZ
a	DT
major	JJ
change	NN
in	IN
the	DT
way	NN
school	NN
counselors	NNS
approach	VBP
their	PRP$
work	NN
.	.
Programs	NNS
.	.
The	DT
mission	NN
for	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
school	NN
counseling	NN
programs	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
focus	VB
on	IN
academic	JJ
,	,
career	NN
and	CC
personal\/social	JJ
development	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
every	DT
student	NN
benefits	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
program	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
comprehensive	JJ
in	IN
scope	NN
,	,
preventative	JJ
in	IN
design	NN
and	CC
developmental	JJ
in	IN
nature	NN
.	.
The	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
counselor	NN
's	POS
time	NN
is	VBZ
spent	VBN
in	IN
direct	JJ
services	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
,	,
imparting	VBG
specific	JJ
skills	NNS
and	CC
learning	VBG
opportunities	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
proactive	JJ
manner	NN
.	.
School	NNP
counselors	NNS
will	MD
collaborate	VB
with	IN
the	DT
full	JJ
education	NN
team	NN
,	,
advocate	NN
to	TO
improve	VB
student	NN
learning	NN
,	,
and	CC
lead	NN
efforts	NNS
for	IN
systemic	JJ
change	NN
.	.
The	DT
vision	NN
for	IN
counselors	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
is	VBZ
that	IN
all	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
students	NNS
will	MD
acquire	VB
the	DT
knowledge	NN
,	,
skills	NNS
,	,
and	CC
attitudes	NNS
to	TO
reach	VB
their	PRP$
fullest	JJS
potential	NN
and	CC
successfully	RB
manage	VB
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
as	IN
healthy	JJ
,	,
responsible	JJ
,	,
competent	JJ
and	CC
productive	JJ
citizens	NNS
who	WP
respect	VBP
themselves	PRP
and	CC
others	NNS
.	.
Children	NNP
's	POS
Health	NNP
Insurance	NNP
Program	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
WV	NNP
CHIP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
from	IN
your	PRP$
county	NN
school	NN
board	NN
office	NN
.	.
Each	DT
packet	NN
includes	VBZ
interesting	JJ
and	CC
timely	JJ
health	NN
material	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
teaching	NN
tool	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
importantly	RB
,	,
each	DT
packet	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
go	VB
home	NN
to	TO
every	DT
child	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
school	NN
.	.
Parents	NNS
must	MD
receive	VB
the	DT
packet	NN
and	CC
complete	VB
the	DT
application	NN
to	TO
become	VB
eligible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
CHIP	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
new	JJ
program	NN
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
health	NN
insurance	NN
for	IN
uninsured	JJ
children	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
provides	VBZ
health	NN
insurance	NN
coverage	NN
for	IN
working	VBG
West	NNP
Virginians	NNPS
who	WP
may	MD
make	VB
too	RB
much	JJ
for	IN
WV	NNP
Medicaid	NNP
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
enough	JJ
to	TO
afford	VB
private	JJ
insurance	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
children	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
classrooms	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
eligible	JJ
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
,	,
you	PRP
play	VBP
a	DT
crucial	JJ
role	NN
in	IN
the	DT
success	NN
of	IN
this	DT
program	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
in	IN
three	CD
ways	NNS
.	.
First	RB
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
use	VB
the	DT
insert	NN
to	TO
teach	VB
students	NNS
about	IN
health	NN
.	.
By	IN
using	VBG
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
articles	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
packet	NN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
promote	VB
good	JJ
health	NN
habits	NNS
and	CC
awareness	NN
.	.
See	VB
our	PRP$
related	JJ
article	NN
on	IN
``	``
Teaching	VBG
Tips	NNP
From	IN
CHIP	NNP
.	.
''	''
Every	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
child	NN
deserves	VBZ
health	NN
insurance	NN
.	.
And	CC
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
them	PRP
get	VB
it	PRP
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
week	NN
of	IN
September	NNP
20	CD
,	,
each	DT
school	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
will	MD
receive	VB
information	NN
packets	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
WV	NNP
Children	NNP
's	POS
Health	NNP
Insurance	NNP
Program	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
WV	NNP
CHIP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
from	IN
your	PRP$
county	NN
school	NN
board	NN
office	NN
.	.
Each	DT
packet	NN
includes	VBZ
interesting	JJ
and	CC
timely	JJ
health	NN
material	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
teaching	NN
tool	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
importantly	RB
,	,
each	DT
packet	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
go	VB
home	NN
to	TO
every	DT
child	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
school	NN
.	.
Parents	NNS
must	MD
receive	VB
the	DT
packet	NN
and	CC
complete	VB
the	DT
registration	NN
to	TO
become	VB
eligible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
school	NN
staff	NN
member	NN
or	CC
concerned	JJ
citizen	NN
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
support	VB
this	DT
effort	NN
.	.
Please	VB
make	VB
an	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
talk	VB
with	IN
parents	NNS
who	WP
may	MD
qualify	VB
for	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
Let	VB
them	PRP
know	VB
WV	NNP
CHIP	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
welfare	NN
program	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
health	NN
insurance	NN
program	NN
for	IN
working	VBG
families	NNS
.	.
See	VB
the	DT
article	NN
``	``
WV	NNP
CHIP	NNP
Guidelines	NNS
''	''
for	IN
eligibility	NN
information	NN
.	.
Notice	NNP
:	:
Under	IN
the	DT
WV	NNP
Freedom	NNP
of	IN
Information	NNP
Act	NNP
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
to	TO
disclose	VB
the	DT
identities	NNS
of	IN
applicants	NNS
for	IN
positions	NNS
with	IN
Kanawha	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
upon	IN
request	NN
.	.
If	IN
Kanawha	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
receives	VBZ
such	JJ
a	DT
request	NN
,	,
documents	NNS
that	WDT
reflect	VBP
the	DT
identity	NN
and	CC
qualifications	NNS
of	IN
applicants	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
disclosed	VBN
.	.
Notice	NNP
:	:
WV	NNP
18A-4-7a	NNP
After	IN
the	DT
fifth	JJ
day	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
the	DT
instructional	JJ
term	NN
,	,
no	DT
person	NN
employed	VBN
and	CC
assigned	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
professional	JJ
position	NN
may	MD
transfer	VB
to	TO
another	DT
professional	JJ
position	NN
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
,	,
unless	IN
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Superintendent	NNP
.	.
Notice	NNP
:	:
If	IN
two	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
applicants	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
teaching	NN
position	NN
achieve	VB
equal	JJ
ranking	NN
,	,
the	DT
principal	NN
will	MD
conduct	VB
a	DT
personal	JJ
interview	NN
and	CC
determine	VB
which	WDT
applicants	NNS
is	VBZ
best	JJS
qualified	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
criteria	NNS
established	VBN
in	IN
WVA	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-4-7a	NNP
.	.
Either	NNP
Mason	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
spelled	VBN
correctly	RB
or	CC
the	DT
county	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
participating	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
``	``
School	NNP
Closings	NNPS
Website	NNP
''	''
.	.
Following	VBG
is	VBZ
the	DT
list	NN
of	IN
participating	VBG
counties	NNS
.	.
If	IN
Mason	NNP
County	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
in	IN
the	DT
list	NN
please	VB
contact	NN
Mason	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
Office	NNP
to	TO
ask	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
participate	VB
.	.
Either	CC
Wvsdb	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
spelled	VBN
correctly	RB
or	CC
the	DT
county	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
participating	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
``	``
School	NNP
Closings	NNPS
Website	NNP
''	''
.	.
Following	VBG
is	VBZ
the	DT
list	NN
of	IN
participating	VBG
counties	NNS
.	.
If	IN
Wvsdb	NNP
County	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
in	IN
the	DT
list	NN
please	VB
contact	NN
Wvsdb	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
Office	NNP
to	TO
ask	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
participate	VB
.	.
Add	VB
yourself	PRP
to	TO
your	PRP$
contact	NN
list	NN
and	CC
make	VB
this	DT
your	PRP$
business	NN
card	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
click	VBP
menu	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Now	RB
when	WRB
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
give	VB
someone	NN
your	PRP$
contact	NN
information	NN
,	,
simply	RB
hold	VB
down	RP
the	DT
Contact	NN
button	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
will	MD
beam	NN
your	PRP$
contact	NN
information	NN
to	TO
another	DT
PDA	NNP
.	.
JAVITS	SYM
-	:
The	DT
annual	JJ
funding	NN
process	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Javits	NNP
Act	NNP
is	VBZ
underway	JJ
.	.
Advocacy	NN
efforts	NNS
have	VBP
already	RB
resulted	VBN
in	IN
69	CD
members	NNS
of	IN
Congress	NNP
co-signing	NN
letters	NNS
in	IN
support	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
Visit	VB
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
for	IN
Gifted	NNP
Children	NNP
's	POS
legislative	JJ
update	VBP
page	NN
to	TO
find	VB
out	RP
more	RBR
.	.
Illinois	NNP
legislators	NNS
restored	VBD
gifted	JJ
language	NN
to	TO
the	DT
state	NN
's	POS
education	NN
code	NN
in	IN
2005	CD
,	,
advocates	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
working	VBG
to	TO
restore	VB
funding	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
not	RB
only	RB
help	VB
schools	NNS
provide	VB
much-needed	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
mandate	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
.	.
Despite	IN
attempts	NNS
to	TO
win	VB
the	DT
hearts	NNS
and	CC
minds	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Appropriations	NNP
Committee	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
see	VB
Cathy	NNP
Greene	NNP
's	POS
Budget	NNP
Hearing	NNP
Report	NNP
\*	SYM
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
unlikely	JJ
that	IN
funding	NN
will	MD
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
2006	CD
budget	NN
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
,	,
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
key	JJ
legislative	JJ
contacts	NNS
and	CC
what	WP
you	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
,	,
visit	VB
the	DT
Illinois	NNP
Association	NNP
for	IN
Gifted	NNP
Children	NNP
's	POS
-LRB-	-LRB-
IAGC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
website	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Sally	NNP
Walker	NNP
,	,
executive	JJ
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
IAGC	NNP
,	,
was	VBD
recently	RB
named	VBN
chair	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Advisory	NNP
Council	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Education	NNP
of	IN
Gifted	NNP
and	CC
Talented	NNP
Children	NNP
.	.
This	DT
council	NN
,	,
required	VBN
by	IN
P.A.	NNP
094-0151	CD
,	,
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
advising	VBG
the	DT
Illinois	NNP
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
on	IN
all	DT
rules	NNS
and	CC
policies	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
gifted	JJ
and	CC
talented	JJ
education	NN
.	.
For	IN
details	NNS
see	VBP
Illinois	NNP
State	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
's	POS
website	NN
.	.
Guidebooks	NNS
is	VBZ
now	RB
available	JJ
!	.
Mentorships	NNP
:	:
A	NNP
Guidebook	NNP
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
parents	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
in	IN
developing	VBG
a	DT
mentorship	NN
.	.
It	PRP
will	MD
help	VB
answer	VB
questions	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
:	:
Is	VBZ
a	DT
mentoring	NN
partnership	NN
appropriate	JJ
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
so	RB
,	,
how	WRB
do	VBP
I	PRP
locate	VBP
a	DT
mentor	NN
?	.
What	WP
kind	NN
of	IN
relationship	NN
is	VBZ
most	RBS
beneficial	JJ
?	.
And	CC
what	WP
will	MD
the	DT
connection	NN
entail	VB
?	.
Office	NNP
of	IN
Assessment	NNP
and	CC
Accountability	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
OAA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
administers	VBZ
the	DT
due	JJ
process	NN
complaint	NN
system	NN
to	TO
resolve	VB
parent	NN
and	CC
district	NN
disputes	NNS
regarding	VBG
identification	NN
,	,
evaluation	NN
,	,
placement	NN
and\/or	CC
provision	NN
of	IN
a	DT
free	JJ
appropriate	JJ
public	JJ
education	NN
for	IN
exceptional	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
A	DT
decision	NN
is	VBZ
final	JJ
and	CC
binding	JJ
unless	IN
either	DT
party	NN
appeals	NNS
in	IN
any	DT
state	NN
court	NN
of	IN
competent	JJ
jurisdiction	NN
or	CC
in	IN
a	DT
district	NN
court	NN
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
with	IN
120	CD
days	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
decision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
hearing	NN
officer	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
receipt	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
request	NN
to	TO
permit	VB
the	DT
students	NNS
at	IN
Student	NNP
Aspect	NNP
Preparatory	NNP
School	NNP
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
annual	JJ
assessment	NN
requirement	NN
of	IN
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
18-28-3	CD
by	IN
taking	VBG
the	DT
same	JJ
test	NN
as	IN
the	DT
one	CD
currently	RB
utilized	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
system	NN
.	.
Student	NN
Aspect	NN
Preparatory	NNP
School	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
nonpublic	JJ
school	NN
operating	VBG
under	IN
the	DT
regulations	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
18-28-1	CD
et	FW
al	FW
.	.
Such	JJ
schools	NNS
are	VBP
commonly	RB
referred	VBN
to	TO
as	IN
Exemption	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
k	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
schools	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
new	JJ
content	NN
standards	NNS
for	IN
physical	JJ
education	NN
go	VB
into	IN
effect	NN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Policy	NNP
2520.6	CD
at	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
2003-04	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
secondary	JJ
physical	JJ
education	NN
class	NN
required	VBN
for	IN
graduation	NN
must	MD
include	VB
at	IN
least	JJS
one	CD
activity	NN
from	IN
each	DT
of	IN
five	CD
movement	NN
forms	NNS
:	:
team	NN
sports	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
basketball	NN
,	,
volleyball	NN
,	,
softball	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
individual	JJ
and	CC
dual	JJ
competitive	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
golf	NN
,	,
tennis	NN
,	,
fencing	NN
,	,
archery	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
individual	JJ
non-competitive	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
bicycling	NN
,	,
weight	NN
training	NN
,	,
self-defense	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
dance	NN
and\/or	CC
rhythms	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
aerobics	NNS
,	,
line	NN
dancing	NN
,	,
tai	FW
chi	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
adventure\/outdoor	JJ
activities	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
climbing	VBG
,	,
backpacking	NN
,	,
orienteering	NN
,	,
fly	VBP
fishing	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
As	IN
I	PRP
stated	VBD
above	RB
,	,
the	DT
focus	NN
of	IN
the	DT
course	NN
and	CC
provision	NN
for	IN
credit	NN
should	MD
be	VB
on	IN
mastery	NN
,	,
not	RB
attendance	NN
.	.
The	DT
classroom	NN
teacher	NN
may	MD
provide	VB
points	NNS
for	IN
participation	NN
linked	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
curriculum	NN
,	,
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
.	.
This	DT
keeps	VBZ
the	DT
focus	NN
where	WRB
it	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
,	,
on	IN
mastery	NN
.	.
Although	IN
poor	JJ
attendance	NN
will	MD
generally	RB
have	VB
a	DT
negative	JJ
impact	NN
on	IN
mastery	NN
,	,
that	WDT
is	VBZ
not	RB
always	RB
the	DT
case	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
,	,
grades	NNS
and	CC
attendance	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
linked	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
county	NN
attendance	NN
policy	NN
.	.
I	PRP
trust	VBP
you	PRP
will	MD
utilize	VB
other	JJ
incentives	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
certificates	NNS
,	,
awards	NNS
,	,
extra	JJ
time	NN
for	IN
lunch	NN
or	CC
breaks	NNS
,	,
and\/or	CC
partnering	VBG
with	IN
businesses	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
awards	NNS
,	,
in	IN
your	PRP$
revised	VBN
policy	NN
on	IN
attendance	NN
.	.
Chart	NNP
IV	NNP
...	:
Credit	NNP
for	IN
each	DT
course	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
awarded	VBN
based	VBN
upon	IN
either	DT
demonstrated	VBN
mastery	NN
of	IN
the	DT
instructional	JJ
objectives	NNS
by	IN
successful	JJ
completion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
course	NN
or	CC
tested	VBN
mastery	NN
of	IN
approved	VBN
instructional	JJ
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
...	:
You	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
whether	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
still	RB
my	PRP$
position	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
matter	NN
for	IN
each	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
's	POS
discretion	NN
whether	IN
it	PRP
will	MD
contract	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Whittle	NNP
Corporation	NNP
for	IN
Channel	NNP
I	PRP
programming	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
answer	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
we	PRP
have	VBP
not	RB
changed	VBN
our	PRP$
position	NN
;	:
it	PRP
is	VBZ
still	RB
for	IN
each	DT
county	NN
board	NN
to	TO
decide	VB
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
plan	NN
of	IN
instruction	NN
is	VBZ
deemed	VBN
inadequate	JJ
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
remedy	NN
is	VBZ
advice	NN
and	CC
perhaps	RB
,	,
also	RB
,	,
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
from	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
county	NN
schools	NNS
-	:
ultimately	RB
,	,
the	DT
remedy	NN
could	MD
be	VB
an	DT
order	NN
from	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
denying	VBG
the	DT
home	NN
instruction	NN
and	CC
subjecting	VBG
the	DT
child	NN
and	CC
his\/her	NN
parents	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
compulsory	JJ
attendance	NN
statute	NN
.	.
Exemption	NN
B	NN
,	,
the	DT
person	NN
or	CC
persons	NNS
providing	VBG
home	NN
instruction	NN
meet	VBP
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
Exemption	NNP
B	NNP
when	WRB
the	DT
conditions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
subsection	NN
are	VBP
met	VBN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	IN
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
shall	MD
have	VB
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
seek	VB
from	IN
the	DT
circuit	NN
court	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
an	DT
order	NN
denying	VBG
the	DT
home	NN
instruction	NN
,	,
which	WDT
order	NN
may	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
upon	IN
a	DT
showing	NN
of	IN
clear	JJ
and	CC
convincing	JJ
evidence	NN
that	IN
the	DT
child	NN
will	MD
suffer	VB
educational	JJ
neglect	NN
or	CC
that	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
other	JJ
compelling	JJ
reasons	NNS
to	TO
deny	VB
home	NN
instruction	NN
.	.
''	''
My	PRP$
position	NN
seems	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
clear	JJ
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
plan	NN
of	IN
instruction	NN
is	VBZ
deemed	VBN
inadequate	JJ
and	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
able	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
amended	VBN
and	CC
agreed	VBN
upon	IN
by	IN
the	DT
parents	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
county	NN
,	,
then	RB
Exemption	NNP
B	NNP
status	NN
could	MD
be	VB
denied	VBN
by	IN
my	PRP$
office	NN
or	CC
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
could	MD
seek	VB
the	DT
remedies	NNS
available	JJ
in	IN
circuit	NN
court	NN
.	.
On	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
Monday	NNP
of	IN
July	NNP
,	,
following	VBG
each	DT
biennial	JJ
primary	JJ
election	NN
,	,
each	DT
respective	JJ
county	NN
board	NN
shall	MD
organize	VB
and	CC
shall	MD
elect	VB
a	DT
president	NN
from	IN
its	PRP$
own	JJ
membership	NN
for	IN
a	DT
two-year	JJ
term	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
board	NN
shall	MD
report	VB
promptly	RB
to	TO
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
member	NN
elected	VBN
as	IN
county	NN
board	NN
president	NN
.	.
Costs	NNS
of	IN
entertainment	NN
,	,
including	VBG
amusement	NN
,	,
diversion	NN
,	,
and	CC
social	JJ
activities	NNS
and	CC
any	DT
costs	NNS
directly	RB
associated	VBN
with	IN
such	JJ
costs	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
tickets	NNS
to	TO
shows	NNS
or	CC
sports	NNS
events	NNS
,	,
meals	NNS
,	,
lodging	NN
,	,
rentals	NNS
,	,
transportation	NN
,	,
and	CC
gratuities	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
unallowable	JJ
.	.
Costs	NNS
of	IN
meetings	NNS
and	CC
conferences	NNS
,	,
the	DT
primary	JJ
purpose	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
the	DT
dissemination	NN
of	IN
technical	JJ
information	NN
,	,
are	VBP
allowable	JJ
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
costs	NNS
of	IN
meals	NNS
,	,
transportation	NN
,	,
rental	NN
of	IN
facilities	NNS
,	,
speakers	NNS
'	POS
fees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
items	NNS
incidental	JJ
to	TO
such	JJ
meetings	NNS
or	CC
conferences	NNS
.	.
The	DT
costs	NNS
for	IN
staff	NN
travel	NN
and	CC
conferences	NNS
are	VBP
allowable	JJ
if	IN
the	DT
travel	NN
and	CC
conferences	NNS
are	VBP
specifically	RB
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Part	NN
A	DT
program	NN
and	CC
not	RB
to	TO
the	DT
general	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
LEA	NNP
or	CC
school	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
reasonably	RB
necessary	JJ
.	.
However	RB
,	,
in	IN
making	VBG
a	DT
final	JJ
determination	NN
as	IN
to	TO
these	DT
issues	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
must	MD
look	VB
to	TO
state	NN
legal	JJ
requirements	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
expenditure	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
funds	NNS
.	.
Pursuant	JJ
to	TO
advice	NN
received	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Attorney	NNP
General	NNP
in	IN
1987	CD
,	,
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
has	VBZ
consistently	RB
advised	VBN
that	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
authorized	VBN
to	TO
expend	VB
public	JJ
or	CC
quasi-public	JJ
funds	NNS
for	IN
meals	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
solely	RB
for	IN
school	NN
officials	NNS
,	,
administrators	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
personnel	NNS
.	.
Nonetheless	RB
,	,
it	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
deemed	VBN
permissible	JJ
and	CC
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
reasonably	RB
expend	VB
Title	NN
I	PRP
funds	NNS
for	IN
food	NN
to	TO
be	VB
provided	VBN
during	IN
parental	JJ
involvement	NN
functions	NNS
,	,
particularly	RB
when	WRB
such	JJ
sessions	NNS
extend	VBP
through	IN
mealtime	NN
.	.
May	NNP
a	DT
state	NN
Delegate	NNP
who	WP
also	RB
works	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
school	NN
board	NN
administrator	NN
receive	VBP
legislative	JJ
pay	NN
and	CC
his	PRP$
school	NN
board	NN
pay	NN
simultaneously	RB
?	.
Also	RB
,	,
can	MD
a	DT
county	NN
school	NN
employee	NN
take	VB
professional	JJ
leave	NN
while	IN
attending	VBG
a	DT
legislative	JJ
session	NN
?	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
statute	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
address	VB
whether	IN
a	DT
school	NN
employee	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
also	RB
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
may	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
work	VB
as	IN
a	DT
school	NN
employee	NN
on	IN
a	DT
full	JJ
time	NN
basis	NN
while	IN
also	RB
performing	VBG
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
duties	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
.	.
If	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
for	IN
an	DT
individual	JJ
to	TO
accomplish	VB
both	DT
,	,
then	RB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
opinion	NN
that	IN
the	DT
school	NN
law	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
prohibit	VB
an	DT
individual	NN
from	IN
receiving	VBG
payment	NN
for	IN
both	DT
.	.
Although	IN
county	NN
boards	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
adopt	VB
policies	NNS
addressing	VBG
these	DT
events	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
appear	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
permissible	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
approve	VB
an	DT
employee	NN
to	TO
take	VB
paid	VBN
leave	NN
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
under	IN
the	DT
terms	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
statute	NN
.	.
Again	RB
,	,
please	VB
note	NN
that	IN
this	DT
interpretation	NN
is	VBZ
limited	VBN
only	RB
to	TO
those	DT
statutes	NNS
found	VBD
within	IN
the	DT
school	NN
law	NN
portions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Chapters	NNS
18	CD
and	CC
18A	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
the	DT
policies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
Further	JJ
guidance	NN
may	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
from	IN
other	JJ
agencies	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Commission	NNP
.	.
Subsection	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
statute	NN
plainly	RB
states	VBZ
that	IN
if	IN
a	DT
reservist	NN
called	VBN
to	TO
active	JJ
duty	NN
by	IN
the	DT
properly	RB
designated	VBN
federal	JJ
authority	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
used	VBN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
thirty	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
paid	VBN
leave	NN
authorized	VBN
by	IN
subsection	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
a	DT
calendar	NN
year	NN
,	,
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
shall	MD
be	VB
entitled	VBN
to	TO
add	VB
those	DT
unused	JJ
days	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
thirty	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
paid	VBN
leave	NN
granted	VBN
under	IN
subsection	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
This	DT
allows	VBZ
a	DT
reservist	NN
called	VBN
to	TO
active	JJ
duty	NN
by	IN
the	DT
properly	RB
designated	VBN
federal	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
use	VB
up	RP
to	TO
sixty	CD
paid	VBN
days	NNS
of	IN
military	JJ
leave	NN
for	IN
a	DT
single	JJ
call	NN
to	TO
active	JJ
duty	NN
.	.
The	DT
enrollment	NN
definition	NN
stated	VBN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Policy	NNP
4110	CD
strictly	RB
defines	VBZ
what	WP
constitutes	VBZ
an	DT
officially	RB
enrolled	VBN
student	NN
in	IN
a	DT
school	NN
.	.
Once	RB
a	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
enrolled	VBN
,	,
they	PRP
remain	VBP
enrolled	VBN
unless	IN
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
they	PRP
matriculate	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
next	JJ
school	NN
,	,
transfer	NN
,	,
drop	VB
out	RP
,	,
or	CC
graduate	NN
.	.
The	DT
term	NN
transfer	NN
refers	VBZ
to	TO
an	DT
enrolled	VBN
student	NN
moving	VBG
from	IN
one	CD
location	NN
to	TO
another	DT
.	.
The	DT
definition	NN
of	IN
enrollment	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
Policy	NNP
4110	CD
does	VBZ
not	RB
obviate	VB
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
a	DT
transfer	NN
policy	NN
and	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
conflict	NN
with	IN
either	DT
transfer	NN
policies	NNS
or	CC
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
State	NNP
Code	NNP
18-5-16	CD
as	IN
enrollment	NN
and	CC
transfer	NN
are	VBP
two	CD
separate	JJ
and	CC
distinct	JJ
activities	NNS
.	.
As	IN
such	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
interpretation	NN
that	IN
those	DT
students	NNS
who	WP
reside	VBP
in	IN
Preston	NNP
County	NNP
but	CC
who	WP
currently	RB
attend	VBP
Tucker	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
do	VBP
so	RB
with	IN
the	DT
express	JJ
agreement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Preston	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
as	IN
provided	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Memorandum	NNP
of	IN
Agreement	NNP
signed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Preston	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
on	IN
April	NNP
9	CD
,	,
1990	CD
.	.
These	DT
students	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
counted	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
enrollment	NN
figures	NNS
of	IN
Tucker	NNP
County	NNP
,	,
not	RB
Preston	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Memorandum	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
proper	JJ
for	IN
Tucker	NNP
County	NNP
to	TO
continue	VB
providing	VBG
bus	NN
transportation	NN
to	TO
those	DT
students	NNS
living	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
Aurora	NNP
area	NN
,	,
as	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
done	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
years	NNS
.	.
This	DT
issue	NN
was	VBD
specifically	RB
addressed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
letter	NN
from	IN
Dr.	NNP
Marockie	NNP
to	TO
Mary	NNP
Alice	NNP
Klein	NNP
,	,
former	JJ
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Tucker	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
,	,
dated	VBN
July	NNP
17	CD
,	,
1991	CD
.	.
No	DT
person	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
eligible	JJ
for	IN
membership	NN
on	IN
any	DT
county	NN
board	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
citizen	NN
,	,
resident	NN
in	IN
such	JJ
county	NN
,	,
or	CC
who	WP
accepts	VBZ
a	DT
position	NN
as	IN
teacher	NN
or	CC
service	NN
personnel	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
district	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
resident	NN
or	CC
who	WP
is	VBZ
an	DT
elected	VBN
or	CC
an	DT
appointed	VBN
member	NN
of	IN
any	DT
political	JJ
party	NN
executive	NN
committee	NN
,	,
or	CC
who	WP
becomes	VBZ
a	DT
candidate	NN
for	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
office	NN
than	IN
to	TO
succeed	VB
oneself	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
emphasis	NN
added	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
No	DT
member	NN
or	CC
member-elect	NN
of	IN
any	DT
board	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
eligible	JJ
for	IN
nomination	NN
,	,
election	NN
or	CC
appointment	NN
to	TO
any	DT
public	JJ
office	NN
,	,
other	JJ
than	IN
to	TO
succeed	VB
oneself	NN
,	,
or	CC
for	IN
election	NN
or	CC
appointment	NN
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
any	DT
political	JJ
party	NN
executive	NN
committee	NN
,	,
unless	IN
and	CC
until	IN
after	IN
that	DT
membership	NN
on	IN
the	DT
board	NN
,	,
or	CC
his	PRP$
status	NN
as	IN
member-elect	NN
to	TO
the	DT
board	NN
,	,
has	VBZ
been	VBN
terminated	VBN
at	IN
or	CC
before	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
filing	NN
for	IN
such	JJ
nomination	NN
for	IN
,	,
or	CC
appointment	NN
to	TO
,	,
such	JJ
public	JJ
office	NN
or	CC
committee	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
clear	JJ
that	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
can	MD
not	RB
hold	VB
any	DT
other	JJ
public	JJ
office	NN
while	IN
serving	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
determination	NN
as	IN
to	TO
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
a	DT
certain	JJ
position	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
Public	NNP
Service	NNP
District	NNP
member	NN
or	CC
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
member	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
public	JJ
office	NN
involves	VBZ
an	DT
analysis	NN
of	IN
the	DT
statutory	JJ
authority	NN
for	IN
that	DT
specific	JJ
position	NN
,	,
which	WDT
necessarily	RB
lies	VBZ
outside	IN
of	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
school	NN
law	NN
.	.
As	IN
such	JJ
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
clear	JJ
guidance	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
or	CC
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Supreme	NNP
Court	NNP
of	IN
Appeals	NNPS
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
unable	JJ
to	TO
fully	RB
answer	VB
your	PRP$
question	NN
.	.
Among	IN
the	DT
criteria	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
considered	VBN
in	IN
determining	VBG
whether	IN
a	DT
position	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
office	NN
or	CC
a	DT
mere	JJ
employment	NN
are	VBP
whether	IN
the	DT
position	NN
is	VBZ
created	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
;	:
whether	CC
the	DT
position	NN
was	VBD
designated	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
an	DT
office	NN
;	:
whether	CC
the	DT
qualifications	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
appointee	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
prescribed	VBN
;	:
whether	IN
the	DT
duties	NNS
,	,
tenure	NN
,	,
salary	NN
,	,
bond	NN
and	CC
oath	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
prescribed	VBN
or	CC
required	VBN
;	:
and	CC
whether	IN
the	DT
one	CD
occupying	VBG
the	DT
position	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
constituted	VBN
a	DT
representative	NN
of	IN
the	DT
sovereign	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
receipt	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
correspondence	NN
to	TO
me	PRP
dated	VBD
March	NNP
29	CD
,	,
2002	CD
,	,
wherein	IN
you	PRP
request	VBP
a	DT
legal	JJ
interpretation	NN
of	IN
eligibility	NN
for	IN
membership	NN
on	IN
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
Specifically	RB
,	,
you	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
you	PRP
,	,
as	IN
a	DT
Field	NN
Deputy	NNP
working	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Assessor	NNP
,	,
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Pocahontas	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
explain	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
a	DT
part-time	JJ
hourly	JJ
worker	NN
hired	VBD
in	IN
1996	CD
by	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Assessor	NNP
.	.
The	DT
job	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
an	DT
elected	VBN
office	NN
and	CC
you	PRP
took	VBD
no	DT
oath	NN
for	IN
the	DT
position	NN
.	.
You	PRP
receive	VBP
no	DT
paid	VBN
vacation	NN
,	,
no	DT
paid	VBN
holidays	NNS
,	,
and	CC
no	DT
benefits	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
paid	VBN
mileage	NN
when	WRB
you	PRP
work	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
Field	NN
Deputy	NNP
,	,
you	PRP
collect	VBP
data	NNS
from	IN
individuals	NNS
that	WDT
live	VBP
in	IN
Pocahontas	NNP
County	NNP
for	IN
taxation	NN
purposes	NNS
.	.
The	DT
data	NNS
you	PRP
collect	VBP
consists	VBZ
of	IN
the	DT
year	NN
,	,
make	VB
,	,
and	CC
model	NN
of	IN
vehicles	NNS
,	,
motorcycles	NNS
,	,
boats	NNS
and	CC
trailers	NNS
owned	VBN
by	IN
county	NN
residents	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
also	RB
take	VBP
care	NN
of	IN
completing	VBG
farm	NN
forms	NNS
and	CC
recording	VBG
improvements	NNS
made	VBN
to	TO
residences	NNS
.	.
Once	RB
the	DT
data	NN
is	VBZ
collected	VBN
,	,
you	PRP
turn	VBP
it	PRP
over	IN
to	TO
other	JJ
individuals	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Assessors	NNPS
office	NN
who	WP
enter	VBP
it	PRP
into	IN
the	DT
computer	NN
system	NN
to	TO
produce	VB
tax	NN
tickets	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
member	NN
would	MD
not	RB
meet	VB
the	DT
eligibility	NN
requirements	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
listed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
candidate	NN
for	IN
a	DT
political	JJ
party	NN
executive	NN
committee	NN
unless	IN
or	CC
until	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
membership	NN
on	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
is	VBZ
terminated	VBN
.	.
Both	DT
the	DT
board	NN
member	NN
and	CC
the	DT
clerk	NN
accepting	VBG
the	DT
paperwork	NN
should	MD
be	VB
aware	JJ
of	IN
this	DT
provision	NN
of	IN
law	NN
.	.
The	DT
term	NN
of	IN
office	NN
of	IN
any	DT
member	NN
of	IN
any	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
shall	MD
immediately	RB
cease	VB
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
vacancy	NN
shall	MD
exist	VB
,	,
upon	IN
occurrence	NN
of	IN
ineligibility	NN
as	IN
prescribed	VBN
in	IN
section	NN
one-a	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
18-5-1a	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
member	NN
in	IN
question	NN
became	VBD
a	DT
candidate	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Democratic	NNP
Executive	NNP
Committee	NNP
,	,
he	PRP
became	VBD
ineligible	JJ
for	IN
membership	NN
on	IN
the	DT
board	NN
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
his	PRP$
term	NN
of	IN
office	NN
immediately	RB
ceased	VBD
as	IN
an	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
law	NN
.	.
On	IN
September	NNP
7	CD
,	,
2001	CD
,	,
the	DT
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Taylor	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
advised	VBD
that	IN
you	PRP
were	VBD
to	TO
cease	VB
the	DT
practice	NN
of	IN
making	VBG
bus	NN
stops	NNS
in	IN
Taylor	NNP
County	NNP
and	CC
permitting	VBG
transfer	NN
students	NNS
to	TO
ride	VB
the	DT
bus	NN
to	TO
Marion	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
Taylor	NNP
County	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
approval	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
to	TO
attend	VB
school	NN
in	IN
other	JJ
counties	NNS
is	VBZ
contingent	JJ
upon	IN
transportation	NN
being	VBG
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
parents	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
.	.
Marion	NNP
County	NNP
has	VBZ
not	RB
violated	VBN
any	DT
statutes	NNS
or	CC
policies	NNS
by	IN
allowing	VBG
Taylor	NNP
County	NNP
students	NNS
,	,
who	WP
have	VBP
been	VBN
granted	VBN
board	NN
permission	NN
to	TO
attend	VB
Marion	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
,	,
to	TO
ride	VB
the	DT
bus	NN
on	IN
an	DT
existing	VBG
Marion	NNP
County	NNP
bus	NN
route	NN
from	IN
Taylor	NNP
County	NNP
into	IN
Marion	NNP
County	NNP
to	TO
attend	VB
school	NN
.	.
Voluntary	JJ
transfers	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
from	IN
one	CD
county	NN
to	TO
another	DT
within	IN
the	DT
state	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
are	VBP
controlled	VBN
by	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18-5-16	CD
.	.
The	DT
statute	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
require	VB
that	IN
counties	NNS
provide	VBP
transportation	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
voluntarily	RB
transferring	VBG
into	IN
or	CC
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
.	.
Any	DT
student	NN
whose	WP$
application	NN
for	IN
transfer	NN
from	IN
one	CD
county	NN
to	TO
another	DT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
denied	VBN
by	IN
either	CC
the	DT
sending	VBG
or	CC
receiving	VBG
county	NN
may	MD
file	VB
an	DT
appeal	NN
with	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
who	WP
shall	MD
have	VB
the	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
require	VB
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
to	TO
approve	VB
the	DT
transfer	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Policy	NNP
7212	CD
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
applicable	JJ
law	NN
and	CC
policy	NN
,	,
Marion	NNP
County	NNP
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
prohibited	VBN
from	IN
choosing	VBG
to	TO
allow	VB
Taylor	NNP
County	NNP
students	NNS
,	,
who	WP
have	VBP
been	VBN
granted	VBN
board	NN
permission	NN
to	TO
attend	VB
Marion	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18-5-16	CD
,	,
to	TO
ride	VB
a	DT
bus	NN
on	IN
an	DT
existing	VBG
Marion	NNP
County	NNP
bus	NN
route	NN
from	IN
Taylor	NNP
County	NNP
into	IN
Marion	NNP
County	NNP
to	TO
attend	VB
school	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
opinion	NN
that	IN
an	DT
attendance	NN
director	NN
,	,
who	WP
is	VBZ
employed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
a	DT
certified	JJ
professional	JJ
educator	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
considered	VBN
a	DT
central	JJ
office	NN
administrator	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
definitions	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
18A-1-1	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Supreme	NNP
Court	NNP
began	VBD
its	PRP$
discussion	NN
with	IN
the	DT
principle	NN
that	IN
all	DT
personnel	NNS
employed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
are	VBP
school	NN
personnel	NNS
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-1-1	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
This	DT
statute	NN
further	RBR
divides	VBZ
school	NN
personnel	NNS
into	IN
two	CD
categories	NNS
:	:
professional	JJ
personnel	NNS
and	CC
service	NN
personnel	NNS
.	.
In	IN
your	PRP$
letter	NN
you	PRP
describe	VBP
a	DT
previously	RB
approved	VBN
arrangement	NN
whereby	WRB
the	DT
students	NNS
from	IN
Sharples	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Logan	NNP
County	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
closed	VBN
,	,
will	MD
attend	VB
Ramage	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
in	IN
Boone	NNP
County	NNP
next	JJ
year	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
request	NN
specifically	RB
addressed	VBD
a	DT
proposal	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
Boone	NNP
County	NNP
has	VBZ
asked	VBN
that	IN
Logan	NNP
County	NNP
give	VBP
it	PRP
the	DT
funds	NNS
necessary	JJ
to	TO
construct	VB
two	CD
additional	JJ
classrooms	NNS
to	TO
accommodate	VB
the	DT
transferred	VBN
students	NNS
at	IN
Ramage	NNP
Elementary	NNP
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
understanding	NN
that	IN
the	DT
funds	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
repaid	VBN
to	TO
Logan	NNP
County	NNP
when	WRB
they	PRP
become	VBP
available	JJ
through	IN
the	DT
School	NNP
Building	NNP
Authority	NNP
.	.
That	DT
study	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
have	VB
been	VBN
completed	VBN
on	IN
or	CC
before	IN
December	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2000	CD
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
depending	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
study	NN
,	,
the	DT
legislature	NN
may	MD
further	RB
change	VB
this	DT
requirement	NN
during	IN
their	PRP$
upcoming	JJ
session	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
attached	VBN
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18-8-1	CD
for	IN
your	PRP$
further	JJ
consideration	NN
.	.
With	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
second	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
question	NN
,	,
whether	IN
a	DT
vote	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
school	NN
board	NN
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
to	TO
change	VB
school	NN
class	NN
scheduling	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
nothing	NN
statutorily	RB
which	WDT
requires	VBZ
such	JJ
approval	NN
.	.
There	EX
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
local	JJ
policy	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
which	WDT
governs	VBZ
this	DT
situation	NN
.	.
Specifically	RB
,	,
you	PRP
ask	VBP
whether	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
any	DT
policies	NNS
,	,
opinions	NNS
,	,
or	CC
rulings	NNS
which	WDT
mandate	VBP
that	IN
multi-county	JJ
centers	NNS
only	RB
utilize	VBP
the	DT
fiscal	JJ
agent	NN
county	NN
buses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
answer	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
question	NN
is	VBZ
no.	RB
.	.
A	DT
multi-county	JJ
vocational	JJ
center	NN
may	MD
use	VB
buses	NNS
from	IN
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
counties	NNS
participating	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
vocational	JJ
center	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
in	IN
your	PRP$
particular	JJ
situation	NN
,	,
you	PRP
may	MD
use	VB
either	CC
Gilmer	NNP
or	CC
Calhoun	NNP
County	NNP
buses	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
present	JJ
time	NN
county	NN
boards	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
educate	VB
children	NNS
past	IN
the	DT
mandatory	JJ
attendance	NN
age	NN
for	IN
as	RB
long	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
student	NN
wishes	VBZ
to	TO
remain	VB
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
system	NN
up	IN
to	TO
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
twenty-one	CD
.	.
County	NNP
boards	NNS
are	VBP
permitted	VBN
discretion	NN
as	IN
to	TO
the	DT
structure	NN
and	CC
location	NN
of	IN
the	DT
alternative	JJ
education	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Currently	RB
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
requirement	NN
that	IN
the	DT
county	NN
pay	NN
for	IN
the	DT
transportation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
attending	VBG
alternative	JJ
education	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Last	JJ
year	NN
,	,
we	PRP
received	VBD
several	JJ
inquiries	NNS
as	IN
to	TO
whether	IN
boards	NNS
were	VBD
in	IN
fact	NN
required	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
on	IN
the	DT
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
.	.
In	IN
some	DT
counties	NNS
,	,
a	DT
quorum	NN
of	IN
board	NN
members	NNS
could	MD
not	RB
be	VB
obtained	VBN
in	IN
any	DT
event	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
members	NNS
?	.
absences	NNS
over	IN
the	DT
holiday	NN
weekend	NN
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
permission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
change	NN
results	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
school	NN
calendar	NN
change	NN
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
must	MD
also	RB
get	VB
permission	NN
from	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
calendar	NN
change	NN
.	.
Permission	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Local	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Council	NNP
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
permission	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
matter	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
's	POS
discretion	NN
.	.
Due	JJ
regard	NN
should	MD
also	RB
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Principal	NN
's	POS
opinion	NN
when	WRB
the	DT
Local	NNP
School	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Council	NNP
is	VBZ
involved	VBN
.	.
If	IN
banked	JJ
time	NN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
calendar	NN
change	NN
is	VBZ
approved	VBN
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
day	NN
will	MD
be	VB
counted	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
instructional	JJ
day	NN
.	.
Otherwise	RB
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
out	IN
of	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
Code	NNP
18-5-15	CD
if	IN
it	PRP
falls	VBZ
below	IN
the	DT
minimum	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
instructional	JJ
days	NNS
required	VBN
by	IN
that	DT
section	NN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
to	TO
take	VB
training	NN
for	IN
membership	NN
on	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
now	RB
and	CC
run	VB
for	IN
election	NN
to	TO
the	DT
board	NN
later	RB
.	.
Alternatively	RB
,	,
you	PRP
ask	VBP
whether	IN
you	PRP
could	MD
audit	VB
board	NN
training	NN
as	IN
an	DT
observer	NN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
whether	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
can	MD
revise	VB
the	DT
minutes	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
as	IN
written	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
superintendent	NN
's	POS
own	JJ
notes	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
tape	NN
recording	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
within	IN
reason	NN
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
can	MD
not	RB
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
repudiate	VB
a	DT
contract	NN
made	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
earlier	JJR
meeting	NN
simply	RB
by	IN
revising	VBG
its	PRP$
minutes	NNS
as	IN
written	VBN
in	IN
draft	NN
form	NN
by	IN
the	DT
superintendent	NN
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
can	MD
,	,
though	RB
,	,
revise	VB
its	PRP$
draft	NN
minutes	NNS
to	TO
clarify	VB
what	WP
it	PRP
did	VBD
as	RB
long	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
revisions	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
change	VB
the	DT
substance	NN
of	IN
what	WP
transpired	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Hearings	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
if	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
are	VBP
moved	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
school	NN
which	WDT
they	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
normally	RB
have	VBP
been	VBN
promoted	VBN
to	TO
.	.
Hearings	NNS
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
necessary	JJ
if	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
are	VBP
moved	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
school	NN
which	WDT
they	PRP
normally	RB
would	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
promoted	VBN
to	TO
.	.
Please	VB
refer	VB
to	TO
the	DT
enclosed	VBN
Op	NNP
.	.
Att	NNP
'	POS
y	JJ
Gen.	NNP
,	,
February	NNP
24	CD
,	,
1986	CD
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
a	DT
hearing	NN
probably	RB
will	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
seventh	JJ
and	CC
eighth	JJ
grade	NN
students	NNS
of	IN
Franklin	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
hearing	NN
probably	RB
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
necessary	JJ
for	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
K-8	JJ
students	NNS
of	IN
Circleville	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
5	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
To	TO
close	VB
any	DT
elementary	JJ
school	NN
whose	WP$
average	JJ
daily	JJ
attendance	NN
falls	VBZ
below	IN
twenty	CD
pupils	NNS
for	IN
two	CD
months	NNS
in	IN
succession	NN
and	CC
send	VB
the	DT
pupils	NNS
to	TO
other	JJ
schools	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
district	NN
or	CC
to	TO
schools	NNS
in	IN
adjoining	JJ
districts	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
teachers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
so	RB
closed	VBD
are	VBP
not	RB
transferred	VBN
or	CC
reassigned	VBN
to	TO
other	JJ
schools	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
receive	VBP
one	CD
month	NN
's	POS
salary	NN
...	:
''	''
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	DT
nothing	NN
in	IN
this	DT
section	NN
prohibits	VBZ
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
from	IN
assigning	VBG
a	DT
full-time	JJ
supervising	VBG
principal	NN
to	TO
a	DT
school	NN
with	IN
a	DT
net	JJ
enrollment	NN
of	IN
less	JJR
that	IN
one	CD
hundred	CD
seventy	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
''	''
Is	VBZ
there	EX
a	DT
procedure	NN
for	IN
concerned	JJ
citizens	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
parents	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
appear	VB
before	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
School	NNP
Building	NNP
Authority	NNP
and	CC
allow	VB
their	PRP$
comments	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
heard	VBN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
approval	NN
of	IN
a	DT
plan	NN
of	IN
consolidation	NN
?	.
No	DT
hearing	NN
will	MD
be	VB
required	VBN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
for	IN
those	DT
students	NNS
who	WP
would	MD
have	VB
previously	RB
advanced	VBN
from	IN
their	PRP$
elementary	JJ
school	NN
to	TO
the	DT
present	JJ
Elkins	NNP
Junior	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
because	IN
this	DT
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
vertical	JJ
move	NN
in	IN
the	DT
expected	VBN
direction	NN
of	IN
those	DT
students	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
county	NN
's	POS
public	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
Because	IN
both	DT
of	IN
these	DT
moves	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
consolidations	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
9-12	CD
move	NN
being	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
new	JJ
school	NN
,	,
the	DT
6-8	JJ
move	NN
being	VBG
horizontal	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
a	DT
hearing	NN
for	IN
the	DT
affected	JJ
grades	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
.	.
Both	DT
hearings	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
separate	JJ
but	CC
can	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
.	.
Ask	VB
the	DT
board	NN
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
decision	NN
.	.
If	IN
it	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
do	VB
so	RB
within	IN
some	DT
reasonable	JJ
time	NN
,	,
then	RB
consider	VB
appealing	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
hearing	NN
examiner	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Education	NNP
and	CC
State	NNP
Employees	NNP
'	POS
Grievance	NNP
Board	NNP
or	CC
to	TO
the	DT
Circuit	NNP
Court	NNP
of	IN
Logan	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
County	NNP
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
shall	MD
adopt	VB
policies	NNS
that	WDT
allow	VBP
students	NNS
to	TO
earn	VB
credit	NN
for	IN
completion	NN
of	IN
college	NN
work	NN
.	.
If	IN
these	DT
credits	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
graduation	NN
requirements	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
must	MD
meet	VB
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
dual	JJ
credit	NN
course	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
It	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
opinion	NN
that	IN
a	DT
county	NN
school	NN
system	NN
may	MD
accept	VB
correspondence	NN
courses	NNS
offered	VBN
by	IN
accredited	JJ
colleges	NNS
or	CC
universities	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
required	VBN
course	NN
for	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
graduation	NN
credit	NN
,	,
as	RB
long	RB
as	IN
the	DT
courses	NNS
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
specified	VBN
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
or	CC
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
county	NN
board	NN
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
a	DT
waiver	NN
must	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
by	IN
WVBE	NNP
for	IN
courses	NNS
offered	VBN
in	IN
lieu	NN
of	IN
required	JJ
graduation	NN
courses	NNS
.	.
Students	NNS
may	MD
also	RB
take	VB
a	DT
college	NN
course	NN
in	IN
place	NN
of	IN
a	DT
required	JJ
career	NN
major	JJ
course	NN
or	CC
recommended	VBN
elective	JJ
course	NN
as	IN
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
the	DT
applicable	JJ
high	JJ
school	NN
programs	NNS
of	IN
study	NN
document	NN
.	.
Rules	NNS
for	IN
this	DT
type	NN
of	IN
substitution	NN
are	VBP
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
Policy	NN
2510	CD
at	IN
section	NN
8.2.6	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
B	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
These	DT
rules	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
apply	VB
to	TO
the	DT
required	VBN
academic	JJ
units	NNS
for	IN
English	NNP
Language	NNP
Arts	NNP
,	,
Mathematics	NNP
,	,
Science	NNP
,	,
Social	NNP
Studies	NNPS
,	,
Physical	NNP
Education	NNP
,	,
Health	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Arts	NNS
specified	VBN
in	IN
Policy	NNP
2510	CD
as	IN
the	DT
minimum	JJ
state	NN
requirements	NNS
for	IN
graduation	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
opinion	NN
that	IN
a	DT
county	NN
school	NN
system	NN
may	MD
accept	VB
correspondence	NN
courses	NNS
offered	VBN
by	IN
accredited	JJ
colleges	NNS
or	CC
universities	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
required	VBN
course	NN
for	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
graduation	NN
credit	NN
,	,
as	RB
long	RB
as	IN
the	DT
courses	NNS
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
specified	VBN
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
or	CC
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
county	NN
board	NN
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
a	DT
waiver	NN
must	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
by	IN
WVBE	NNP
for	IN
courses	NNS
offered	VBN
in	IN
lieu	NN
of	IN
required	JJ
graduation	NN
courses	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
to	TO
acknowledge	VB
the	DT
receipt	NN
of	IN
letters	NNS
from	IN
you	PRP
or	CC
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
county	NN
requesting	VBG
interpretations	NNS
of	IN
school	NN
laws	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
relate	VBP
to	TO
student	NN
transfers	NNS
.	.
Since	IN
the	DT
issues	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
requests	NNS
overlap	VBP
,	,
they	PRP
will	MD
all	RB
be	VB
addressed	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
one	CD
interpretation	NN
.	.
To	TO
act	VB
otherwise	RB
would	MD
cause	VB
the	DT
student	NN
to	TO
litigate	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
facts	NNS
,	,
year	NN
after	IN
year	NN
,	,
causing	VBG
uncertainty	NN
and	CC
emotional	JJ
distress	NN
for	IN
the	DT
student	NN
and	CC
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
family	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
increased	VBN
costs	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
parties	NNS
.	.
Neither	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18-5-16	CD
nor	CC
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Policy	NNP
7212	CD
grant	NN
authority	NN
to	TO
county	NN
boards	NNS
to	TO
place	VB
restrictions	NNS
on	IN
out	IN
of	IN
county	NN
transfers	NNS
,	,
by	IN
order	NN
or	CC
otherwise	RB
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
,	,
the	DT
decision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
should	MD
be	VB
final	JJ
and	CC
should	MD
not	RB
require	VB
students	NNS
to	TO
reapply	VB
year	NN
after	IN
year	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18-5-13	CD
does	VBZ
not	RB
grant	VB
to	TO
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
the	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
regulate	VB
the	DT
activities	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
attending	VBG
schools	NNS
in	IN
other	JJ
districts	NNS
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
,	,
approval	NN
of	IN
student	NN
transfer	NN
requests	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
conditioned	VBN
upon	IN
a	DT
requirement	NN
or	CC
agreement	NN
for	IN
a	DT
guardian	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
transportation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
new	JJ
district	NN
.	.
Although	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
language	NN
outlined	VBN
above	IN
does	VBZ
not	RB
specifically	RB
reference	NN
the	DT
display	NN
of	IN
the	DT
confederate	JJ
flag	NN
by	IN
students	NNS
in	IN
public	JJ
schools	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
believe	VB
that	IN
such	JJ
action	NN
is	VBZ
subject	JJ
to	TO
redress	VB
should	MD
a	DT
racial	JJ
harassment	NN
complaint	NN
be	VB
received	VBN
or	CC
should	MD
the	DT
activity	NN
cause	NN
a	DT
disruption	NN
.	.
No	DT
,	,
home-schooled	JJ
students	NNS
have	VBP
no	DT
reason	NN
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
any	DT
field	NN
test	NN
of	IN
state	NN
tests	NNS
.	.
Field	NN
tests	NNS
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
test	NN
and	CC
evaluate	VB
the	DT
questions	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
makeup	NN
the	DT
operational	JJ
test	NN
.	.
The	DT
core	NN
group	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
who	WP
will	MD
eventually	RB
take	VB
the	DT
assessment	NN
are	VBP
the	DT
core	NN
group	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
that	WDT
should	MD
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
test	NN
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
the	DT
test	NN
results	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
hold	VB
public	JJ
schools	NNS
and	CC
counties	NNS
accountable	JJ
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
child	NN
has	VBZ
reached	VBN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
sixteen	CD
years	NNS
,	,
the	DT
child	NN
may	MD
simply	RB
withdraw	VB
from	IN
public	JJ
education	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
as	IN
compulsory	JJ
attendance	NN
begins	VBZ
at	IN
age	NN
six	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
continues	VBZ
only	RB
until	IN
age	NN
sixteen	CD
,	,
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18-8-1	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
the	DT
fifteen	CD
year	NN
old	JJ
student	NN
is	VBZ
married	VBN
,	,
and	CC
thus	RB
emancipated	VBN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
still	RB
the	DT
opinion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
undersigned	VBN
that	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
eligible	JJ
to	TO
withdraw	VB
from	IN
school	NN
until	IN
she	PRP
attains	VBZ
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
sixteen	CD
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
well-settled	JJ
principle	NN
that	IN
a	DT
student	NN
coming	VBG
from	IN
an	DT
elementary	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
entering	VBG
the	DT
sixth	JJ
grade	NN
of	IN
a	DT
middle	JJ
school	NN
or	CC
the	DT
seventh	JJ
grade	NN
of	IN
a	DT
junior	JJ
high\/high	JJ
school	NN
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
will	MD
be	VB
eligible	JJ
even	RB
though	IN
a	DT
GPA	NNP
has	VBZ
yet	RB
to	TO
be	VB
established	VBN
.	.
This	DT
student	NN
must	MD
have	VB
a	DT
``	``
C	NNP
''	''
average	NN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
semester	NN
to	TO
remain	VB
eligible	JJ
.	.
The	DT
same	JJ
rule	NN
and	CC
reasoning	NN
should	MD
be	VB
applied	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
home-schooled	JJ
student	NN
entering	VBG
public	JJ
school	NN
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
.	.
The	DT
home-schooled	JJ
student	NN
will	MD
be	VB
eligible	JJ
and	CC
must	MD
have	VB
a	DT
2.0	CD
GPA	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
semester	NN
to	TO
remain	VB
eligible	JJ
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
to	TO
acknowledge	VB
the	DT
receipt	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
letter	NN
dated	VBN
November	NNP
30	CD
,	,
2002	CD
relative	JJ
to	TO
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18-8-11	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
the	DT
procedure	NN
for	IN
a	DT
student	NN
to	TO
obtain	VB
documentation	NN
of	IN
enrollment	NN
status	NN
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
obtaining	VBG
a	DT
license	NN
or	CC
instruction	NN
permit	VBP
to	TO
operate	VB
a	DT
motor	NN
vehicle	NN
.	.
Any	DT
parent	NN
or	CC
guardian	NN
who	WP
refuses	VBZ
to	TO
permit	VB
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
child	NN
to	TO
be	VB
immunized	VBN
against	IN
diphtheria	NN
,	,
polio	NN
,	,
rubeola	NN
,	,
rubella	NN
,	,
tetanus	NN
and	CC
whooping	JJ
cough	NN
,	,
who	WP
can	MD
not	RB
give	VB
satisfactory	JJ
proof	NN
that	IN
the	DT
child	NN
or	CC
person	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
immunized	VBN
against	IN
diphtheria	NN
,	,
polio	NN
,	,
rubeola	NN
,	,
rubella	NN
,	,
tetanus	NN
and	CC
whooping	JJ
cough	NN
previously	RB
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
certificate	NN
from	IN
a	DT
reputable	JJ
physician	NN
showing	VBG
that	IN
immunization	NN
for	IN
any	DT
or	CC
all	DT
is	VBZ
impossible	JJ
or	CC
improper	JJ
,	,
or	CC
sufficient	JJ
reason	NN
why	WRB
any	DT
or	CC
all	DT
immunizations	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
done	VBN
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
guilty	JJ
of	IN
a	DT
misdemeanor	NN
,	,
and	CC
except	IN
as	IN
herein	NN
otherwise	RB
provided	VBN
,	,
shall	MD
,	,
upon	IN
conviction	NN
,	,
be	VB
punished	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
fine	NN
of	IN
not	RB
less	JJR
than	IN
ten	CD
nor	CC
more	JJR
than	IN
fifty	CD
dollars	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
offense	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
opinion	NN
that	IN
a	DT
student	NN
,	,
who	WP
has	VBZ
received	VBN
one	CD
dose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
required	JJ
immunizations	NNS
listed	VBN
above	RB
,	,
may	MD
attend	VB
school	NN
before	IN
receiving	VBG
the	DT
final	JJ
doses	NNS
and	CC
shall	MD
have	VB
ninety	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
90	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
admission	NN
to	TO
complete	VB
the	DT
required	JJ
doses	NNS
.	.
This	DT
interpretation	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
same	JJ
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
the	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
enrolling	VBG
from	IN
outside	IN
the	DT
State	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
situation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
child	NN
entering	VBG
school	NN
for	IN
the	DT
fist	NN
time	NN
,	,
as	IN
opposed	VBN
to	TO
that	DT
of	IN
an	DT
in-state	JJ
transfer	NN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
should	MD
be	VB
enrolled	VBN
and	CC
placed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
least	JJS
restrictive	JJ
appropriate	JJ
environment	NN
to	TO
deliver	VB
their	PRP$
education	NN
.	.
This	DT
could	MD
mean	VB
instructing	VBG
them	PRP
in	IN
their	PRP$
home	NN
until	IN
the	DT
immunization	NN
requirements	NNS
are	VBP
met	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
this	DT
addresses	NNS
both	CC
the	DT
intent	NN
and	CC
the	DT
letter	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
16-3-4	CD
.	.
Persons	NNS
over	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
twenty-one	CD
may	MD
enter	VB
only	RB
those	DT
programs	NNS
or	CC
classes	NNS
authorized	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
and	CC
deemed	VBD
appropriate	JJ
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
conducting	VBG
any	DT
such	JJ
program	NN
or	CC
class	NN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	DT
authorization	NN
for	IN
such	JJ
programs	NNS
or	CC
classes	NNS
shall	MD
in	IN
no	DT
way	NN
serve	VBP
to	TO
affect	VB
or	CC
eliminate	VB
programs	NNS
or	CC
classes	NNS
offered	VBN
by	IN
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
at	IN
the	DT
adult	NN
level	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
fees	NNS
are	VBP
charged	VBN
to	TO
support	VB
such	JJ
programs	NNS
or	CC
classes	NNS
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
,	,
students	NNS
ages	NNS
twenty-one	CD
and	CC
younger	JJR
should	MD
automatically	RB
be	VB
re-enrolled	JJ
and	CC
subject	JJ
to	TO
compulsory	JJ
school	NN
attendance	NN
.	.
This	DT
result	NN
is	VBZ
warranted	VBN
as	IN
these	DT
students	NNS
are	VBP
entitled	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
public	JJ
education	NN
leading	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
diploma	NN
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
viewed	VBN
as	RB
different	JJ
than	IN
a	DT
GED	NNP
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
is	VBZ
in	IN
receipt	NN
of	IN
correspondence	NN
from	IN
you	PRP
requesting	VBG
interpretations	NNS
of	IN
numerous	JJ
applications	NNS
of	IN
school	NN
law	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
responses	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
cited	VBN
several	JJ
provisions	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
version	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Policy	NNP
4110	CD
,	,
Attendance	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
placed	VBN
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
until	IN
May	NNP
21	CD
,	,
2002	CD
.	.
Although	IN
the	DT
Policy	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
formally	RB
adopted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
hope	NN
that	IN
the	DT
Policy	NN
will	MD
be	VB
adopted	VBN
in	IN
its	PRP$
entirety	NN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
comment	NN
period	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
child	NN
be	VB
suspended	VBN
from	IN
school	NN
because	IN
of	IN
improper	JJ
conduct	NN
or	CC
refusal	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
child	NN
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
shall	MD
immediately	RB
notify	VB
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
suspension	NN
,	,
and	CC
specify	VB
the	DT
time	NN
or	CC
conditions	NNS
of	IN
such	JJ
suspension	NN
.	.
Policy	NN
4373	CD
,	,
Student	NNP
Code	NNP
of	IN
Conduct	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
effective	JJ
June	NNP
13	CD
,	,
1991	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
gives	VBZ
principals	NNS
the	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
temporarily	RB
suspend	VB
from	IN
school	NN
any	DT
student	NN
who	WP
consistently	RB
fails	VBZ
to	TO
abide	VB
by	IN
or	CC
commits	VBZ
a	DT
serious	JJ
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Student	NNP
Code	NNP
of	IN
Conduct	NNP
.	.
Local	JJ
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
maintain	VBP
appropriate	JJ
policies	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
to	TO
implement	VB
Policy	NN
4373	CD
and	CC
must	MD
make	VB
reasonable	JJ
provision	NN
of	IN
appropriate	JJ
educational	JJ
services	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
been	VBN
excluded	VBN
from	IN
school	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
a	DT
child	NN
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
denied	VBN
the	DT
constitutional	JJ
right	NN
to	TO
a	DT
free	JJ
appropriate	JJ
public	JJ
education	NN
.	.
Content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
taught	VBN
whether	IN
the	DT
child	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
a	DT
classroom	NN
or	CC
in	IN
an	DT
in-school-suspension	JJ
setting	NN
.	.
Exceptional	JJ
Students	NNS
,	,
particularly	RB
focusing	VBG
on	IN
section	NN
7.1.1	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
in	IN
making	VBG
these	DT
determinations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
answer	NN
to	TO
this	DT
question	NN
will	MD
vary	VB
depending	VBG
on	IN
whether	IN
the	DT
IEP	NNP
is	VBZ
being	VBG
fully	RB
implemented	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
Policy	NN
2419	CD
.	.
Would	MD
you	PRP
please	VB
send	VB
me	PRP
a	DT
complete	JJ
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Safe	NNP
Schools	NNP
Act	NNP
and	CC
copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Circuit	NNP
Court	NNP
Decision	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
sic	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
Greenbrier	NNP
and	CC
Dodderage	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
sic	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
Counties	NNS
where	WRB
an	DT
expelled	VBN
student	NN
was	VBD
determined	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
still	RB
entitled	VBN
to	TO
an	DT
alternative	JJ
education	NN
at	IN
county	NN
expense	NN
.	.
A	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
statutes	NNS
comprising	VBG
the	DT
Safe	NNP
Schools	NNP
Act	NNP
is	VBZ
enclosed	VBN
.	.
As	IN
to	TO
your	PRP$
request	NN
for	IN
circuit	NN
court	NN
decisions	NNS
,	,
please	VB
be	VB
advised	VBN
that	IN
this	DT
agency	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
maintain	VB
copies	NNS
of	IN
decisions	NNS
rendered	VBN
by	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
circuit	NN
judges	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
contact	VB
the	DT
Circuit	NNP
Clerks	NNPS
of	IN
Greenbrier	NNP
and	CC
Doddridge	NNP
Counties	NNS
for	IN
copies	NNS
of	IN
these	DT
decisions	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
further	JJ
note	NN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
that	IN
this	DT
Policy	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
revised	VBN
since	IN
the	DT
adoption	NN
of	IN
weighted	JJ
grades	NNS
and	CC
should	MD
more	RBR
clearly	RB
address	VB
the	DT
issue	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
instruct	VB
the	DT
staff	NN
here	RB
at	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
to	TO
review	VB
Policy	NN
2436.10	CD
and	CC
make	VB
a	DT
proposal	NN
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
same	JJ
.	.
No	DT
child	NN
or	CC
person	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
admitted	VBN
or	CC
received	VBN
in	IN
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
until	IN
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
immunized	VBN
as	IN
hereinafter	NN
provided	VBN
or	CC
produces	VBZ
a	DT
certificate	NN
from	IN
a	DT
reputable	JJ
physician	NN
showing	VBG
that	IN
an	DT
immunization	NN
for	IN
diphtheria	NN
,	,
polio	NN
,	,
rubeola	NN
,	,
rubella	NN
,	,
tetanus	NN
and	CC
whooping	JJ
cough	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
done	VBN
or	CC
is	VBZ
impossible	JJ
or	CC
improper	JJ
or	CC
other	JJ
sufficient	JJ
reason	NN
why	WRB
such	JJ
immunizations	NNS
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
done	VBN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
five	CD
consecutive	JJ
or	CC
ten	CD
total	JJ
unexcused	JJ
absences	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
child	NN
during	IN
a	DT
school	NN
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
attendance	NN
director	NN
or	CC
assistant	NN
shall	MD
serve	VB
written	VBN
notice	NN
to	TO
the	DT
parent	NN
,	,
guardian	NN
or	CC
custodian	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
child	NN
that	IN
the	DT
attendance	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
child	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
and	CC
that	IN
within	IN
ten	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
receipt	NN
of	IN
the	DT
notice	NN
the	DT
parent	NN
,	,
guardian	NN
or	CC
custodian	NN
,	,
accompanied	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
child	NN
,	,
shall	MD
report	VB
in	IN
person	NN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
the	DT
child	NN
attends	VBZ
for	IN
a	DT
conference	NN
with	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
designated	VBN
representative	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
and	CC
correct	VB
the	DT
circumstances	NNS
causing	VBG
the	DT
inexcusable	JJ
absence	NN
of	IN
the	DT
child	NN
...	:
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
mother	NN
has	VBZ
agreed	VBN
to	TO
rent	VB
an	DT
apartment	NN
in	IN
Monongalia	NNP
County	NNP
where	WRB
she	PRP
will	MD
stay	VB
with	IN
her	PRP$
daughter	NN
throughout	IN
the	DT
school	NN
week	NN
to	TO
enable	VB
her	PRP$
daughter	NN
to	TO
attend	VB
her	PRP$
senior	JJ
year	NN
of	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
at	IN
Morgantown	NNP
High	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
However	RB
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
weekends	NNS
and	CC
throughout	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
the	DT
mother	NN
and	CC
her	PRP$
daughter	NN
will	MD
return	VB
to	TO
Pennsylvania	NNP
to	TO
reside	VB
with	IN
the	DT
rest	NN
of	IN
the	DT
family	NN
.	.
As	IN
this	DT
issue	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
specifically	RB
addressed	VBN
in	IN
Grand	NNP
Lodge	NNP
,	,
supra	NN
,	,
we	PRP
must	MD
look	VB
to	TO
other	JJ
indicia	NN
of	IN
residency	NN
sufficient	JJ
to	TO
require	VB
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
to	TO
continue	VB
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
free	JJ
public	JJ
education	NN
to	TO
this	DT
child	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
generally	RB
held	VBN
that	IN
school	NN
laws	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
liberally	RB
construed	VBN
,	,
with	IN
reference	NN
to	TO
residence	NN
for	IN
school	NN
purposes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
governed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
technical	JJ
rules	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
we	PRP
determine	VBP
residence	NN
for	IN
voting	NN
,	,
holding	VBG
public	JJ
office	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
similar	JJ
purposes	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Courts	NNPS
generally	RB
observe	VBP
the	DT
principal	NN
that	IN
all	DT
school	NN
children	NNS
residing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
district	NN
are	VBP
entitled	VBN
to	TO
free	JJ
school	NN
privileges	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
district	NN
where	WRB
they	PRP
reside	VBP
;	:
however	RB
,	,
a	DT
superficial	JJ
residence	NN
within	IN
a	DT
county	NN
primarily	RB
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
obtaining	VBG
free	JJ
public	JJ
school	NN
privileges	NNS
is	VBZ
insufficient	JJ
to	TO
entitle	VB
a	DT
child	NN
to	TO
attend	VB
public	JJ
schools	NNS
without	IN
payment	NN
of	IN
tuition	NN
fees	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
child	NN
resides	VBZ
in	IN
a	DT
school	NN
district	NN
,	,
in	IN
good	JJ
faith	NN
,	,
with	IN
relatives	NNS
or	CC
friends	NNS
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
understanding	NN
that	IN
he	PRP
is	VBZ
under	IN
the	DT
charge	NN
and	CC
legal	JJ
control	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
relative	JJ
or	CC
friend	NN
,	,
with	IN
no	DT
present	JJ
intent	NN
of	IN
removal	NN
and	CC
not	RB
for	IN
the	DT
primary	JJ
purpose	NN
of	IN
obtaining	VBG
the	DT
school	NN
privileges	NNS
of	IN
that	DT
school	NN
district	NN
,	,
such	JJ
child	NN
is	VBZ
entitled	VBN
to	TO
attend	VB
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
without	IN
payment	NN
of	IN
tuition	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
I	PRP
recognize	VBP
that	IN
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
valid	JJ
reasons	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
student	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
completed	VBN
all	DT
graduation	NN
requirements	NNS
to	TO
request	VB
the	DT
issuance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
diploma	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
academic	JJ
year	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
early	JJ
entrance	NN
to	TO
college	NN
or	CC
to	TO
the	DT
military	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
,	,
therefore	RB
,	,
my	PRP$
considered	VBN
opinion	NN
that	IN
if	IN
a	DT
student	NN
completes	VBZ
all	DT
graduation	NN
requirements	NNS
by	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
semester	NN
of	IN
the	DT
senior	JJ
year	NN
and	CC
then	RB
requests	NNS
his\/her	VBP
diploma	NN
,	,
that	IN
request	NN
should	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
.	.
In	IN
rendering	VBG
this	DT
interpretation	NN
,	,
I	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
wish	VB
to	TO
minimize	VB
the	DT
value	NN
of	IN
school	NN
attendance	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
completed	VBN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
graduation	NN
early	RB
should	MD
be	VB
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
fill	VB
the	DT
second	JJ
semester	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
senior	JJ
year	NN
with	IN
elective	JJ
credits	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
can	MD
only	RB
serve	VB
to	TO
enhance	VB
the	DT
overall	JJ
educational	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
it	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
noted	VBN
that	IN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18-2E-8d	NNP
,	,
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
are	VBP
not	RB
prohibited	VBN
from	IN
establishing	VBG
high	JJ
school	NN
graduation	NN
requirements	NNS
which	WDT
exceed	VBP
the	DT
minimum	NN
high	JJ
school	NN
gradation	NN
requirements	NNS
established	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
to	TO
acknowledge	VB
the	DT
receipt	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
letter	NN
dated	VBN
December	NNP
15	CD
,	,
2000	CD
relative	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
involvement	NN
of	IN
parents	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
decisions	NNS
of	IN
curriculum	NN
and	CC
testing	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
children	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
advised	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Accelerated	NNP
Reading	VBG
Program	NN
utilized	VBN
in	IN
your	PRP$
system	NN
constitutes	VBZ
approximately	RB
30	CD
%	NN
of	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
?	.
reading	VBG
grade	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
strongly	RB
recommended	VBN
that	IN
every	DT
attempt	NN
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
convince	VB
parents	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
testing	NN
as	IN
it	PRP
relates	VBZ
to	TO
sound	VB
instructional	JJ
decisions	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
child	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
case	NN
that	IN
the	DT
parent	NN
would	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
be	VB
opposed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
assessment	NN
program	NN
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
should	MD
request	VB
that	IN
the	DT
parent	NN
submit	VB
a	DT
written	VBN
request	NN
to	TO
have	VB
the	DT
student	NN
dismissed	VBD
from	IN
the	DT
testing	NN
process	NN
.	.
An	DT
original	JJ
of	IN
this	DT
written	VBN
request	NN
would	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
with	IN
a	DT
copy	NN
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
.	.
Upon	IN
such	JJ
recommendation	NN
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
shall	MD
conduct	VB
a	DT
hearing	NN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
subsections	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
f	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
section	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
if	IN
the	DT
student	NN
committed	VBD
the	DT
alleged	JJ
violation	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
student	NN
did	VBD
commit	VB
the	DT
alleged	JJ
violation	NN
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
shall	MD
expel	VB
the	DT
student	NN
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
appear	VB
that	IN
your	PRP$
county	NN
policy	NN
would	MD
control	VB
as	IN
to	TO
the	DT
issue	NN
you	PRP
raise	VBP
.	.
In	IN
reviewing	VBG
the	DT
policy	NN
provided	VBN
,	,
I	PRP
find	VBP
no	DT
reference	NN
to	TO
the	DT
amount	NN
,	,
if	IN
any	DT
,	,
of	IN
deference	NN
that	WDT
must	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
criminal	JJ
prosecutions	NNS
,	,
plea	NN
agreements	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
proceedings	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
this	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
matter	NN
that	WDT
must	MD
be	VB
interpreted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Monongalia	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
this	DT
memorandum	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
Superintendent	NNP
Interpretation	NNP
for	IN
State	NNP
Code	NNP
18-2-5c	JJ
.	.
This	DT
section	NN
deals	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
birth	NN
certificate	NN
requirements	NNS
upon	IN
admission	NN
to	TO
public	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
the	DT
required	JJ
notice	NN
to	TO
the	DT
local	JJ
law	NN
enforcement	NN
agency	NN
of	IN
missing	VBG
children	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
ensure	VB
that	IN
this	DT
notice	NN
is	VBZ
forwarded	VBN
to	TO
all	DT
county	NN
principals	NNS
for	IN
immediate	JJ
action	NN
.	.
Since	IN
a	DT
certified	JJ
birth	NN
certificate	NN
must	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
the	DT
affidavit	NN
should	MD
include	VB
a	DT
date	NN
for	IN
the	DT
receipt	NN
of	IN
the	DT
certified	JJ
birth	NN
certificate	NN
from	IN
the	DT
parent	NN
or	CC
the	DT
guardian	NN
.	.
Please	VB
note	NN
that	IN
principals	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
designees	NNS
are	VBP
immune	JJ
from	IN
civil	JJ
or	CC
criminal	JJ
liability	NN
in	IN
connection	NN
with	IN
any	DT
notice	NN
to	TO
a	DT
local	JJ
law	NN
enforcement	NN
agency	NN
of	IN
a	DT
student	NN
lacking	VBG
a	DT
birth	NN
certificate	NN
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Governor	NNP
forwarded	VBD
to	TO
me	PRP
your	PRP$
request	NN
concerning	VBG
whether	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
legal	JJ
to	TO
say	VB
the	DT
Pledge	NNP
of	IN
Allegiance	NNP
in	IN
school	NN
.	.
We	PRP
appreciate	VBP
your	PRP$
inquiry	NN
and	CC
wish	NN
to	TO
inform	VB
you	PRP
that	IN
not	RB
only	RB
is	VBZ
it	PRP
legal	JJ
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
codified	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18-5-15b	JJ
which	WDT
provides	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
Pledge	NNP
of	IN
Allegiance	NNP
be	VB
said	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
day	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
providing	VBG
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
statutory	JJ
provision	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
information	NN
.	.
Despite	IN
these	DT
struggles	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNP
Supreme	NNP
Court	NNP
has	VBZ
ruled	VBN
that	IN
school	NN
sponsored	VBN
prayer	NN
is	VBZ
unconstitutional	JJ
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
providing	VBG
Bibles	NNP
to	TO
students	NNS
in	IN
public	JJ
schools	NNS
would	MD
also	RB
constitute	VB
a	DT
constitutional	JJ
violation	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
in	IN
response	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
letter	NN
of	IN
July	NNP
2	CD
,	,
1997	CD
,	,
in	IN
which	WDT
you	PRP
request	VBP
an	DT
interpretation	NN
from	IN
our	PRP$
office	NN
regarding	VBG
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
a	DT
school	NN
system	NN
is	VBZ
obligated	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
transportation	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
required	VBN
to	TO
stay	VB
for	IN
after-school	JJ
detention	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
law	NN
or	CC
court	NN
decision	NN
which	WDT
has	VBZ
held	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
county	NN
must	MD
provide	VB
transportation	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
stay	VB
for	IN
after-school	JJ
detention	NN
.	.
Even	RB
in	IN
Cathe	NNP
A.	NN
,	,
Guardian	NNP
of	IN
C.E.A.	NNP
vs.	CC
Doddridge	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
et	FW
al.	FW
,	,
the	DT
most	RBS
recent	JJ
Supreme	NNP
Court	NNP
decision	NN
involving	VBG
the	DT
obligation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
system	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
alternative	JJ
education	NN
programs	NNS
in	IN
cases	NNS
where	WRB
the	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
threat	NN
to	TO
teachers	NNS
,	,
school	NN
personnel	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Court	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
speak	VB
to	TO
the	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
transportation	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
our	PRP$
office	NN
strongly	RB
recommends	VBZ
using	VBG
alternatives	NNS
other	JJ
than	IN
after-school	JJ
detention	NN
.	.
After-school	JJ
detention	NN
could	MD
cause	VB
great	JJ
hardships	NNS
on	IN
parents	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
no	DT
means	NNS
of	IN
transporting	VBG
their	PRP$
children	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
home	NN
if	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
unable	JJ
to	TO
take	VB
the	DT
bus	NN
.	.
The	DT
children	NNS
may	MD
in	IN
turn	NN
be	VB
placed	VBN
in	IN
danger	NN
if	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
unable	JJ
to	TO
obtain	VB
a	DT
ride	NN
home	NN
after	IN
detention	NN
.	.
In	IN
some	DT
counties	NNS
there	EX
are	VBP
children	NNS
who	WP
live	VBP
more	JJR
than	IN
an	DT
hour	NN
from	IN
their	PRP$
school	NN
.	.
It	PRP
seems	VBZ
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
some	DT
other	JJ
equally	RB
effective	JJ
means	NNS
of	IN
discipline	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
after-school	JJ
detention	NN
for	IN
these	DT
students	NNS
.	.
Again	RB
,	,
let	VB
us	PRP
reiterate	VB
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
mandated	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
transportation	NN
;	:
however	RB
,	,
we	PRP
urge	VBP
the	DT
county	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
it	PRP
if	IN
at	IN
all	DT
possible	JJ
or	CC
to	TO
eliminate	VB
after	IN
-	:
school	NN
detentions	NNS
in	IN
cases	NNS
where	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
impossible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
parents	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
transportation	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
child	NN
.	.
We	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
remind	VB
DHHR	NNP
that	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
more	JJR
than	IN
cooperative	NN
in	IN
its	PRP$
effort	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
the	DT
costs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
children	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
been	VBN
placed	VBN
in	IN
out-of-state	JJ
education	NN
facilities	NNS
and	CC
has	VBZ
not	RB
attempted	VBN
to	TO
collect	VB
any	DT
payment	NN
for	IN
these	DT
services	NNS
from	IN
DHHR	NNP
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
in	IN
meetings	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Interagency	NNP
Agreement	NN
between	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
DHHR	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
agreed	VBN
that	IN
there	EX
would	MD
be	VB
an	DT
attempt	NN
on	IN
the	DT
part	NN
of	IN
DHHR	NNP
to	TO
reduce	VB
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
out-of-state	JJ
placements	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
placed	VBN
out-of-state	JJ
has	VBZ
significantly	RB
increased	VBN
instead	RB
of	IN
decreased	VBN
.	.
Agreement	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
apply	VB
to	TO
your	PRP$
request	NN
for	IN
payment	NN
of	IN
education	NN
costs	NNS
to	TO
children	NNS
placed	VBN
out-of-state	JJ
who	WP
are	VBP
not	RB
disabled	JJ
.	.
The	DT
legal	JJ
custody	NN
of	IN
those	DT
children	NNS
falls	VBZ
with	IN
DHHR	NNP
and	CC
therefore	RB
,	,
DHHR	NNP
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
children	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
placed	VBN
out-of-state	JJ
.	.
When	WRB
DHHR	NNP
places	VBZ
the	DT
custody	NN
of	IN
those	DT
children	NNS
in	IN
foster	JJ
homes	NNS
out-of-state	JJ
those	DT
children	NNS
should	MD
then	RB
become	VB
residents	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
state	NN
and	CC
the	DT
receiving	VBG
state	NN
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
educating	VBG
those	DT
children	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
by	IN
no	DT
stretch	NN
of	IN
the	DT
imagination	NN
can	MD
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
children	NNS
without	IN
disabilities	NNS
who	WP
legally	RB
reside	VBP
in	IN
another	DT
state	NN
.	.
That	DT
responsibility	NN
falls	VBZ
upon	IN
the	DT
receiving	VBG
state	NN
once	RB
those	DT
students	NNS
actually	RB
reside	VBP
there	RB
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
receiving	VBG
state	NN
refuses	VBZ
to	TO
pay	VB
for	IN
those	DT
children	NNS
then	RB
action	NN
should	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
against	IN
that	DT
state	NN
.	.
Furthermore	RB
,	,
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
conceivable	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
receiving	VBG
state	NN
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
costs	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
education	NN
of	IN
the	DT
children	NNS
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
second	JJ
place	NN
to	TO
look	VB
for	IN
payment	NN
would	MD
be	VB
upon	IN
DHHR	NNP
because	IN
legal	JJ
custody	NN
is	VBZ
with	IN
DHHR	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
:	:
Where	WRB
Mingo	NNP
Christian	NNP
School	NNP
allowed	VBD
a	DT
child	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
not	RB
five	CD
years	NNS
old	JJ
until	IN
September	NNP
24	CD
,	,
1992	CD
to	TO
enroll	VB
in	IN
kindergarten	NN
,	,
and	CC
now	RB
the	DT
parents	NNS
want	VBP
the	DT
pupil	NN
transferred	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
system	NN
,	,
should	MD
you	PRP
allow	VB
the	DT
principal	NN
to	TO
enroll	VB
the	DT
child	NN
at	IN
Dingess	NNP
School	NNP
?	.
Another	DT
factor	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
be	VB
important	JJ
in	IN
consideration	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
questions	NNS
is	VBZ
whether	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
enough	RB
interested	JJ
girls	NNS
to	TO
justify	VB
the	DT
creation	NN
of	IN
separate	JJ
girls	NNS
'	POS
teams	NNS
in	IN
these	DT
sports	NNS
.	.
These	DT
are	VBP
facts	NNS
which	WDT
,	,
of	IN
course	NN
,	,
are	VBP
not	RB
available	JJ
to	TO
us	PRP
and	CC
can	MD
only	RB
be	VB
supplied	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
school	NN
officials	NNS
.	.
Not	RB
necessarily	RB
,	,
because	IN
detention	NN
is	VBZ
disciplinary	JJ
rather	RB
than	IN
regulatory	JJ
.	.
Please	VB
read	VB
my	PRP$
letter	NN
of	IN
January	NNP
18	CD
,	,
1991	CD
,	,
where	WRB
it	PRP
answers	VBZ
your	PRP$
first	JJ
question	NN
plus	CC
the	DT
last	JJ
two	CD
paragraphs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
letter	NN
.	.
Please	VB
also	RB
read	VBN
Policies	NNS
4110-4	CD
.4	CD
and	CC
4373-6	CD
.1	CD
enclosed	VBN
with	IN
that	DT
letter	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
county	NN
board	NN
's	POS
``	``
Z	NN
''	''
grade	NN
policy	NN
requires	VBZ
after-school	JJ
make	VB
up	RP
work	NN
;	:
state	NN
board	NN
policy	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
.	.
Neither	DT
state	NN
nor	CC
county	NN
policy	NN
appears	VBZ
to	TO
require	VB
detention	NN
to	TO
make	VB
up	RP
work	NN
missed	VBD
.	.
Although	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
has	VBZ
some	DT
discretion	NN
in	IN
grading	NN
,	,
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
must	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
county	NN
policy	NN
or	CC
else	RB
risk	VB
a	DT
charge	NN
of	IN
insubordination	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
the	DT
answer	NN
appears	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
yes	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
teacher	NN
's	POS
due	JJ
process	NN
right	NN
to	TO
rebut	VB
the	DT
charge	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
particular	JJ
situation	NN
,	,
the	DT
teacher	NN
might	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
show	VB
that	IN
the	DT
student	NN
had	VBD
actually	RB
made	VBN
up	RP
the	DT
missed	VBN
work	NN
or	CC
its	PRP$
equivalent	JJ
even	RB
though	IN
not	RB
when	WRB
classes	NNS
were	VBD
finished	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
day	NN
.	.
The	DT
expression	NN
,	,
``	``
after	IN
school	NN
,	,
''	''
in	IN
your	PRP$
county	NN
board	NN
's	POS
``	``
Z	NN
''	''
grade	NN
policy	NN
could	MD
be	VB
interpreted	VBN
to	TO
mean	VB
``	``
outside	JJ
of	IN
class	NN
time	NN
''	''
rather	RB
than	IN
after	IN
classes	NNS
had	VBD
finished	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
day	NN
.	.
Some	DT
of	IN
this	DT
make	VB
up	RP
work	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
could	MD
be	VB
done	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
library	NN
or	CC
at	IN
home	NN
.	.
See	VB
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
item	NN
``	``
d	SYM
''	''
on	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
page	NN
or	CC
your	PRP$
county	NN
board	NN
's	POS
``	``
Z	NN
''	''
grade	NN
policy	NN
and	CC
the	DT
last	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
parenthetical	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
statement	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
January	NNP
18	CD
,	,
1991	CD
,	,
answer	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
sixth	JJ
question	NN
.	.
State	NNP
Board	NNP
Policy	NNP
4110-4	CD
.4	CD
and	CC
4373-6	CD
.1	CD
encourage	VBP
flexibility	NN
in	IN
making	VBG
up	RP
missed	VBN
work	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
student	NN
was	VBD
absent	JJ
for	IN
medical	JJ
reasons	NNS
verified	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
medical	JJ
doctor	NN
,	,
yet	CC
the	DT
student	NN
has	VBZ
completed	VBN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
school	NN
work	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
passing	VBG
the	DT
course	NN
,	,
can	MD
the	DT
student	NN
be	VB
placed	VBN
into	IN
detention	NN
or	CC
given	VBN
a	DT
``	``
Z	NN
''	''
grade	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
has	VBZ
no	DT
credit	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
if	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
prefers	VBZ
that	IN
this	DT
not	RB
be	VB
done	VBN
?	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
whether	IN
out-of-state	JJ
school	NN
age	NN
children	NNS
are	VBP
entitled	VBN
to	TO
enroll	VB
in	IN
public	JJ
school	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
if	IN
they	PRP
come	VBP
to	TO
our	PRP$
state	NN
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
attending	VBG
its	PRP$
schools	NNS
after	IN
having	VBG
quit	VBN
school	NN
or	CC
having	VBG
been	VBN
excluded\/suspended\/expelled	VBN
from	IN
school	NN
out	IN
of	IN
state	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
these	DT
children	NNS
move	VBP
into	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
from	IN
out	IN
of	IN
state	NN
for	IN
some	DT
other	JJ
reason	NN
than	IN
simply	RB
to	TO
attend	VB
school	NN
and	CC
live	VBP
here	RB
,	,
then	RB
they	PRP
become	VBP
bona	NN
fide	JJ
residents	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
and	CC
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
where	WRB
they	PRP
live	VBP
for	IN
school	NN
purposes	NNS
;	:
and	CC
therefore	RB
,	,
they	PRP
become	VBP
entitled	VBN
to	TO
attend	VB
public	JJ
school	NN
here	RB
.	.
No	DT
federal	JJ
case	NN
authorizing	VBG
a	DT
child	NN
to	TO
attend	VB
public	JJ
school	NN
in	IN
another	DT
state	NN
by	IN
moving	VBG
into	IN
it	PRP
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
attending	VBG
its	PRP$
schools	NNS
--	:
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
the	DT
child	NN
has	VBZ
lost	VBN
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
attend	VB
school	NN
in	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
state	NN
--	:
has	VBZ
been	VBN
found	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
recommend	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
ask	VBP
a	DT
person	NN
who	WP
claims	VBZ
such	PDT
an	DT
interest	NN
to	TO
give	VB
you	PRP
proof	NN
.	.
A	DT
teacher	NN
has	VBZ
authority	NN
under	IN
this	DT
rule	NN
of	IN
the	DT
StudentCodeofConduct	NNP
,	,
and	CC
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-5-1	NNP
,	,
to	TO
remove1	VB
a	DT
pupil	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
student	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
from	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
's	POS
class	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
class	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
day	NN
long	RB
,	,
then	RB
this	DT
could	MD
result	VB
in	IN
removal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
child	NN
from	IN
class	NN
for	IN
the	DT
entire	JJ
day	NN
if	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
is	VBZ
convinced	VBN
that	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
.	.
A	DT
teacher	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
have	VB
authority	NN
to	TO
remove	VB
a	DT
child	NN
from	IN
some	DT
other	JJ
teacher	NN
's	POS
class	NN
;	:
only	RB
the	DT
principal	NN
can	MD
do	VB
this	DT
.	.
The	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
still	RB
obligated	VBN
to	TO
attend	VB
school	NN
because	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
exemption	NN
from	IN
compulsory	JJ
school	NN
attendance	NN
granted	VBN
for	IN
marriage	NN
,	,
and	CC
compulsory	JJ
school	NN
attendance	NN
continues	VBZ
after	IN
one	CD
's	POS
sixteenth	NN
birthday	NN
for	IN
as	RB
long	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
student	NN
continues	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
public	JJ
school	NN
.	.
See	VB
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18-8-1	CD
and	CC
1a	CD
.1	CD
On	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
hand	NN
,	,
marriage	NN
emancipates	VBZ
a	DT
person	NN
from	IN
her	PRP$
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
his	PRP$
-RRB-	-RRB-
parents	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
she	PRP
appears	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
legally	RB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
herself	PRP
as	RB
far	RB
as	IN
the	DT
school	NN
law	NN
is	VBZ
concerned	VBN
;	:
so	RB
serve	VB
papers	NNS
upon	IN
her	PRP
,	,
and	CC
act	NN
toward	IN
her	PRP$
as	IN
though	IN
she	PRP
were	VBD
an	DT
adult	NN
.2	CD
If	IN
she	PRP
refuses	VBZ
to	TO
accept	VB
service	NN
or	CC
if	IN
you	PRP
wish	VBP
to	TO
pursue	VB
this	DT
question	NN
further	RB
,	,
then	RB
I	PRP
recommend	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
seek	VBP
help	NN
from	IN
your	PRP$
county	NN
prosecuting	VBG
attorney	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
a	DT
coach	NN
can	MD
not	RB
unilaterally	RB
decide	VB
to	TO
hold	VB
a	DT
practice	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
event	NN
in	IN
lieu	NN
of	IN
attending	VBG
a	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
meeting	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
principal	JJ
assigns	VBZ
the	DT
coach	NN
to	TO
perform	VB
a	DT
specific	JJ
task	NN
during	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
meeting	NN
,	,
attendance	NN
may	MD
be	VB
excused	VBN
.	.
In	IN
following	VBG
5	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
is	VBZ
granted	VBN
the	DT
permissive	JJ
ability	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
how	WRB
the	DT
time	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
utilized	VBN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
required	VBN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
senate	NN
could	MD
leave	VB
such	PDT
a	DT
determination	NN
to	TO
school	NN
administration	NN
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
president	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
opinion	NN
that	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
does	VBZ
have	VB
the	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
time	NN
allotted	JJ
.	.
Expenditures	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
made	VBN
only	RB
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
budget	NN
.	.
Revisions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
budget	NN
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
as	IN
frequently	RB
as	RB
necessary	JJ
.	.
Revisions	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
membership	NN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
budget	NN
.	.
As	IN
stated	VBN
above	IN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
state	NN
requirement	NN
regarding	VBG
budgets	NNS
for	IN
individual	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
county	NN
elects	VBZ
to	TO
require	VB
individual	JJ
schools	NNS
to	TO
create	VB
and	CC
submit	VB
budgets	NNS
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
may	MD
determine	VB
what	WP
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
budgets	NNS
.	.
Seventy-five	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
profits	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
sale	NN
of	IN
healthy	JJ
beverages	NNS
and	CC
soft	JJ
drinks	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
allocated	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
majority	NN
vote	NN
of	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
of	IN
each	DT
school	NN
and	CC
twenty-five	JJ
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
profits	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
sale	NN
of	IN
healthy	JJ
beverages	NNS
and	CC
soft	JJ
drinks	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
allocated	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
purchase	NN
of	IN
necessary	JJ
supplies	NNS
by	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
For	IN
all	DT
purposes	NNS
including	VBG
the	DT
filling	NN
of	IN
vacancies	NNS
and	CC
reduction	NN
in	IN
force	NN
,	,
seniority	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
accumulated	VBN
within	IN
particular	JJ
classification	NN
categories	NNS
of	IN
employment	NN
as	IN
those	DT
classification	NN
categories	NNS
are	VBP
referred	VBN
to	TO
in	IN
section	NN
eight-e	NN
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	DT
when	WRB
implementing	VBG
a	DT
reduction	NN
in	IN
force	NN
,	,
an	DT
employee	NN
with	IN
the	DT
least	JJS
seniority	NN
within	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
classification	NN
category	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
properly	RB
released	VBN
and	CC
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
preferred	JJ
recall	NN
list	NN
.	.
The	DT
particular	JJ
classification	NN
title	NN
held	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
employee	NN
within	IN
the	DT
classification	NN
category	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
taken	VBN
into	IN
consideration	NN
when	WRB
implementing	VBG
a	DT
reduction	NN
in	IN
force	NN
.	.
While	IN
this	DT
code	NN
section	NN
does	VBZ
provide	VB
certain	JJ
job	NN
protections	NNS
for	IN
employees	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
off	IN
work	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
compensable	JJ
injuries	NNS
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
language	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
prohibit	VB
the	DT
county	NN
from	IN
properly	RB
terminating	VBG
an	DT
employee	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
legitimate	JJ
reduction	NN
in	IN
force	NN
if	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
least	JJS
senior	JJ
employee	NN
in	IN
the	DT
classification	NN
to	TO
be	VB
reduced	VBN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
true	JJ
even	RB
if	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
previously	RB
has	VBZ
been	VBN
off	RP
work	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
compensable	JJ
injury	NN
.	.
See	VB
Rule	NNP
v.	CC
Department	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
an	DT
Human	NNP
Resources	NNPS
,	,
Docket	NNP
No.	NNP
00-HHR-080	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
May	NNP
24	CD
,	,
2000	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Records	NNP
indicate	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBD
a	DT
long	JJ
employment	NN
history	NN
at	IN
the	DT
WVSDB	NNP
.	.
On	IN
or	CC
about	IN
September	NNP
16	CD
,	,
1996	CD
,	,
you	PRP
applied	VBD
for	IN
and	CC
received	VBD
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
general	JJ
maintenance\/groundsman	NN
after	IN
having	VBG
passed	VBN
the	DT
applicable	JJ
competency	NN
exam	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Due	JJ
to	TO
various	JJ
conflicts	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
were	VBD
assigned	VBN
to	TO
several	JJ
different	JJ
supervisors	NNS
and	CC
work	NN
locations	NNS
over	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
.	.
On	IN
or	CC
about	IN
April	NNP
2	CD
,	,
2001	CD
,	,
you	PRP
were	VBD
assigned	VBN
to	TO
perform	VB
general	JJ
maintenance\/groundsman	NN
duties	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
Blind	NNP
School	NNP
complex	NN
under	IN
the	DT
supervision	NN
of	IN
Principal	NN
Connie	NNP
Newhouse	NNP
.	.
After	IN
Ms.	NNP
Newhouse	NNP
evaluated	VBD
you	PRP
on	IN
or	CC
about	IN
April	NNP
22	CD
,	,
2002	CD
,	,
she	PRP
determined	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
duties	NNS
you	PRP
had	VBD
actually	RB
performed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
Blind	NNP
School	NNP
complex	NN
more	RBR
closely	RB
matched	VBN
the	DT
code	NN
description	NN
for	IN
the	DT
classification	NN
of	IN
custodian	NN
.	.
On	IN
April	NNP
23	CD
,	,
2002	CD
,	,
you	PRP
signed	VBD
an	DT
agreement	NN
acknowledging	VBG
your	PRP$
assent	NN
to	TO
the	DT
change	NN
in	IN
classification	NN
.	.
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
you	PRP
have	VBP
performed	VBN
the	DT
duties	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
custodian	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Blind	NNP
School	NNP
complex	JJ
since	IN
April	NNP
2002	CD
.	.
Recently	RB
,	,
the	DT
WVSDB	NNP
hired	VBD
a	DT
custodian	NN
to	TO
work	VB
at	IN
the	DT
Blind	NNP
School	NNP
cafeteria	NN
.	.
The	DT
position	NN
will	MD
expire	VB
by	IN
its	PRP$
own	JJ
terms	NNS
on	IN
July	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
WVSDB	NNP
has	VBZ
determined	VBN
that	IN
this	DT
position	NN
will	MD
be	VB
permanently	RB
eliminated	VBN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
the	DT
custodians	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
blind	JJ
students	NNS
?	.
dormitory	NN
and	CC
the	DT
Blind	NNP
School	NNP
building	NN
will	MD
divide	VB
and	CC
assume	VB
the	DT
custodial	JJ
duties	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
Blind	NNP
School	NNP
cafeteria	NN
.	.
This	DT
means	VBZ
that	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
assume	VB
some	DT
of	IN
these	DT
duties	NNS
,	,
primarily	RB
cleaning	VBG
the	DT
cafeteria	NN
on	IN
a	DT
rotating	VBG
basis	NN
.	.
After	IN
learning	VBG
that	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
asked	VBN
to	TO
assume	VB
additional	JJ
responsibilities	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
Blind	NNP
School	NNP
cafeteria	NN
,	,
you	PRP
formally	RB
asked	VBD
Superintendent	NNP
Jane	NNP
McBride	NNP
to	TO
reclassify	VB
you	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
general	JJ
maintenance\/groundsman	NN
once	RB
again	RB
.	.
Superintendent	NNP
McBride	NNP
has	VBZ
denied	VBN
your	PRP$
request	NN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
stated	VBN
,	,
in	IN
your	PRP$
correspondence	NN
to	TO
me	PRP
,	,
that	IN
you	PRP
believe	VBP
you	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
illegally	RB
classified	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
custodian	NN
.	.
You	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
feel	VB
that	IN
the	DT
WVSDB	NNP
had	VBD
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
reclassify	VB
you	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
custodian	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Blind	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
Rather	RB
,	,
you	PRP
allege	VBP
that	IN
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
WVSDB	NNP
created	VBD
a	DT
new	JJ
custodial	JJ
position	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Blind	NNP
School	NNP
which	WDT
should	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
posted	VBN
and	CC
2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
improper	JJ
to	TO
reclassify	VB
you	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
custodian	NN
because	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
never	RB
taken	VBN
the	DT
custodian	NN
competency	NN
exam	NN
.	.
You	PRP
also	RB
express	VBP
concern	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
lost	VBN
your	PRP$
seniority	NN
as	IN
a	DT
general	JJ
maintenance\/groundsman	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
reclassification	NN
as	IN
a	DT
custodian	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
boards	NNS
shall	MD
review	VB
each	DT
service	NN
personnel	NNS
employee	NN
job	NN
classification	NN
annually	RB
and	CC
shall	MD
reclassify	VB
all	DT
service	NN
employees	NNS
as	IN
required	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
job	NN
classifications	NNS
.	.
The	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
may	MD
withhold	VB
state	NN
funds	NNS
appropriated	VBN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
this	DT
article	NN
for	IN
salaries	NNS
for	IN
service	NN
personnel	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
improperly	RB
classified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
boards	NNS
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
shall	MD
order	VB
county	NN
boards	NNS
to	TO
correct	VB
immediately	RB
any	DT
improper	JJ
classification	NN
matter	NN
and	CC
with	IN
the	DT
assistance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
attorney	NN
general	NN
shall	MD
take	VB
any	DT
legal	JJ
action	NN
necessary	JJ
against	IN
any	DT
county	NN
board	NN
to	TO
enforce	VB
the	DT
order	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
board	NN
shall	MD
establish	VB
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
calendar	NN
days	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
date	NN
the	DT
employee	NN
left	VBD
the	DT
class	NN
title	NN
or	CC
category	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
in	IN
question	NN
and	CC
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
return	NN
to	TO
the	DT
class	NN
title	NN
or	CC
classification	NN
category	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
.	.
This	DT
number	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
added	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
employee	NN
's	POS
initial	JJ
seniority	NN
date	NN
to	TO
establish	VB
a	DT
new	JJ
beginning	NN
seniority	NN
date	NN
within	IN
the	DT
class	NN
title	NN
or	CC
classification	NN
category	NN
.	.
The	DT
employee	NN
shall	MD
then	RB
be	VB
considered	VBN
as	IN
having	VBG
held	VBN
uninterrupted	JJ
service	NN
within	IN
the	DT
class	NN
title	NN
or	CC
classification	NN
category	NN
from	IN
the	DT
newly	RB
established	VBN
seniority	NN
date	NN
.	.
The	DT
seniority	NN
of	IN
an	DT
employee	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
had	VBN
a	DT
break	NN
in	IN
the	DT
accumulation	NN
of	IN
seniority	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
willfully	RB
absent	JJ
from	IN
employment	NN
duties	NNS
because	IN
of	IN
a	DT
concerted	JJ
work	NN
stoppage	NN
or	CC
strike	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
calculated	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
.	.
When	WRB
conducting	VBG
a	DT
RIF	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
reduction	NN
in	IN
force	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
within	IN
the	DT
aide	NN
classification	NN
,	,
how	WRB
must	MD
a	DT
school	NN
district	NN
treat	VB
a	DT
multi-classified	JJ
aide\/autism	NN
mentor	NN
who	WP
,	,
by	IN
virtue	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
seniority	NN
,	,
would	MD
be	VB
RIFed	VBN
based	VBN
upon	IN
her	PRP$
relative	JJ
seniority	NN
as	IN
an	DT
aide	NN
?	.
If	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
reduce	VB
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
employees	NNS
within	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
job	NN
classification	NN
,	,
the	DT
employee	NN
with	IN
the	DT
least	JJS
amount	NN
of	IN
seniority	NN
within	IN
that	DT
classification	NN
or	CC
grades	NNS
of	IN
classification	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
properly	RB
released	VBN
and	CC
employed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
different	JJ
grade	NN
of	IN
that	DT
classification	NN
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
job	NN
vacancy	NN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	IN
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
job	NN
vacancy	NN
for	IN
employment	NN
within	IN
the	DT
classification	NN
or	CC
grades	NNS
of	IN
classification	NN
,	,
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
shall	MD
be	VB
employed	VBN
in	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
job	NN
classification	NN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
previously	RB
held	VBD
with	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
vacancy	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
retain	VB
any	DT
seniority	NN
accrued	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
job	NN
classification	NN
or	CC
grade	NN
of	IN
classification	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
scenario	NN
you	PRP
set	VBD
forth	RB
,	,
the	DT
Pocahontas	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
must	MD
reduce	VB
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
aides	NNS
it	PRP
employs	VBZ
.	.
The	DT
least	JJS
senior	JJ
aide	NN
subject	NN
to	TO
release	NN
has	VBZ
more	JJR
overall	JJ
seniority	NN
than	IN
another	DT
employee	NN
currently	RB
working	VBG
as	IN
an	DT
aide\/autism	NN
mentor	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
note	VB
that	IN
though	IN
the	DT
more	JJR
senior	JJ
aide	NN
in	IN
question	NN
has	VBZ
met	VBN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
to	TO
become	VB
an	DT
aide\/autism	NN
mentor	NN
,	,
she	PRP
has	VBZ
never	RB
been	VBN
employed	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
autism	NN
mentor	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
she	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
hold	VB
the	DT
multiclassification	NN
status	NN
of	IN
autism	NN
mentor	NN
.	.
When	WRB
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
reduce	VB
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
employees	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
job	NN
classification	NN
,	,
it	PRP
must	MD
look	VB
to	TO
the	DT
employee	NN
with	IN
the	DT
least	JJS
amount	NN
of	IN
seniority	NN
in	IN
the	DT
classification	NN
and	CC
release	NN
that	WDT
employee	NN
.	.
Here	RB
,	,
the	DT
least	JJS
senior	JJ
aide	NN
happens	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
more	JJR
seniority	NN
than	IN
a	DT
multiclassified	JJ
aide\/autism	NN
mentor	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
least	JJS
senior	JJ
aide	NN
is	VBZ
still	RB
the	DT
proper	JJ
employee	NN
to	TO
release	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
aide\/autism	NN
mentor	NN
were	VBD
released	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
aide	NN
placed	VBN
into	IN
her	PRP$
position	NN
,	,
she	PRP
would	MD
,	,
in	IN
essence	NN
,	,
be	VB
receiving	VBG
a	DT
promotion	NN
via	IN
the	DT
reduction	NN
in	IN
force	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
an	DT
aide	NN
IV	NNP
is	VBZ
paid	VBN
at	IN
paygrade	NN
D	NNP
and	CC
an	DT
aide\/autism	NN
mentor	NN
is	VBZ
paid	VBN
at	IN
paygrade	NN
E	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
inappropriate	JJ
to	TO
award	NN
an	DT
employee	NN
with	IN
a	DT
promotion	NN
simply	RB
because	IN
the	DT
classification	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
currently	RB
works	VBZ
has	VBZ
been	VBN
reduced	VBN
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
throughout	IN
this	DT
analysis	NN
,	,
we	PRP
must	MD
not	RB
lose	VB
sight	NN
of	IN
the	DT
undeniable	JJ
fact	NN
that	IN
autistic	JJ
children	NNS
respond	VBP
poorly	RB
to	TO
change	VB
in	IN
routine	JJ
and	CC
have	VBP
inherit	VB
difficulty	NN
in	IN
forming	VBG
relationships	NNS
with	IN
strangers	NNS
.	.
If	IN
we	PRP
were	VBD
to	TO
construe	VB
the	DT
personnel	NNS
laws	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
to	TO
negatively	RB
impact	VB
the	DT
educational	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
autistic	JJ
children	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
would	MD
truly	RB
do	VB
a	DT
disservice	NN
to	TO
these	DT
uniquely	RB
situated	VBN
students	NNS
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
in	IN
consideration	NN
of	IN
all	PDT
these	DT
factors	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
opinion	NN
that	IN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
situation	NN
you	PRP
describe	VBP
,	,
the	DT
multiclassified	JJ
aide\/autism	NN
mentor	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
displaced	VBN
in	IN
conducting	VBG
a	DT
reduction	NN
in	IN
force	NN
in	IN
the	DT
aide	NN
classification	NN
.	.
I	PRP
presume	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
referring	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
process	NN
whereby	WRB
a	DT
county	NN
determines	VBZ
which	WDT
employee	NN
in	IN
a	DT
school	NN
building	NN
will	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
notice	NN
of	IN
a	DT
transfer	NN
when	WRB
the	DT
overall	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
positions	NNS
within	IN
a	DT
classification	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
reduced	VBN
.	.
This	DT
policy	NN
of	IN
categorizing	VBG
its	PRP$
aides	NNS
into	IN
program	NN
areas	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
making	VBG
transfer	NN
decisions	NNS
was	VBD
upheld	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Grievance	NNP
Board	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
measure	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
reduce	VB
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
service	NN
employees	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
building	NN
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
permissible	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
county	NN
to	TO
look	VB
to	TO
the	DT
least	JJS
senior	JJ
similarly	RB
classified	VBN
employee	NN
in	IN
a	DT
building	NN
.	.
Service	NNP
Association	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
unable	JJ
to	TO
specifically	RB
determine	VB
whether	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
permissible	JJ
exercise	NN
of	IN
county	NN
discretion	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
scenarios	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
above	IN
,	,
the	DT
displacement	NN
of	IN
one	CD
service	NN
employee	NN
by	IN
another	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
contrary	JJ
to	TO
law	NN
.	.
The	DT
individual	JJ
holding	VBG
the	DT
aide\/autism	NN
mentor	NN
position	NN
is	VBZ
currently	RB
providing	VBG
services	NNS
to	TO
an	DT
autistic	JJ
child	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
fully	RB
utilizing	VBG
her	PRP$
knowledge	NN
,	,
skill	NN
and	CC
experience	NN
as	IN
an	DT
autism	NN
mentor	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
unlikely	JJ
that	IN
a	DT
significant	JJ
lapse	NN
in	IN
competent	JJ
services	NNS
from	IN
an	DT
autism	NN
mentor	NN
would	MD
occur	VB
should	MD
the	DT
current	JJ
aide\/autism	NN
mentor	NN
be	VB
RIFed	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
position	NN
filled	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
senior	JJ
aide	NN
with	IN
little	JJ
or	CC
no	DT
autism	NN
mentor	NN
training	NN
or	CC
experience	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
event	NN
a	DT
multiclassified	VBN
employee	NN
is	VBZ
subject	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
reduction	NN
in	IN
force	NN
in	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
,	,
but	CC
less	JJR
than	IN
all	DT
,	,
of	IN
the	DT
categories	NNS
composing	VBG
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
multiclassification	NN
title	NN
,	,
such	JJ
employee	NN
remains	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
employ	VBP
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
with	IN
those	DT
categories	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
reduction	NN
in	IN
force	NN
being	VBG
deleted	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
's	POS
multiclassification	NN
title	NN
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
as	IN
noted	VBN
above	IN
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-4-8	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
i	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
14	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
requires	VBZ
that	IN
any	DT
service	NN
employee	NN
working	VBG
as	IN
an	DT
autism	NN
mentor	NN
hold	VBP
a	DT
multiclassification	NN
status	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
the	DT
titles	NNS
of	IN
both	DT
aide	NN
and	CC
autism	NN
mentor	NN
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
this	DT
,	,
the	DT
aide	NN
classification	NN
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
deleted	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
aide\/autism	NN
mentor	NN
title	NN
.	.
While	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
different	JJ
standard	NN
than	IN
that	DT
applied	VBN
to	TO
other	JJ
multiclassified	JJ
titles	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
difference	NN
is	VBZ
justified	JJ
considering	VBG
both	CC
the	DT
wording	NN
of	IN
Code	NNP
18A-4-8	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
i	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
14	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
the	DT
reality	NN
that	WDT
autistic	JJ
children	NNS
often	RB
experience	VBP
severe	JJ
negative	JJ
reactions	NNS
to	TO
any	DT
change	NN
in	IN
structure	NN
or	CC
routine	JJ
,	,
including	VBG
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
delivery	NN
of	IN
educational	JJ
services	NNS
.	.
In	IN
consideration	NN
of	IN
all	PDT
these	DT
factors	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
opinion	NN
that	IN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
situation	NN
you	PRP
describe	VBP
,	,
the	DT
multiclassified	JJ
aide\/autism	NN
mentor	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
displaced	VBN
in	IN
conducting	VBG
a	DT
reduction	NN
in	IN
force	NN
in	IN
the	DT
aide	NN
classification	NN
.	.
Legislature	NNP
during	IN
its	PRP$
2003	CD
session	NN
,	,
and	CC
became	VBD
effective	JJ
on	IN
June	NNP
6	CD
,	,
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
department	NN
of	IN
education	NN
recommends	VBZ
that	IN
school	NN
principals	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
aides	NNS
assigned	VBN
to	TO
their	PRP$
schools	NNS
work	VBP
together	RB
to	TO
reach	VB
a	DT
mutually	RB
satisfactory	JJ
arrangement	NN
that	WDT
effectively	RB
meets	VBZ
student	NN
needs	NNS
and	CC
complies	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
terms	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
section	NN
.	.
In	IN
researching	VBG
the	DT
law	NN
on	IN
this	DT
issue	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
unable	JJ
to	TO
find	VB
any	DT
statute	NN
,	,
policy	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
law	NN
requiring	VBG
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
deduct	VB
association	NN
dues	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
net	JJ
wages	NNS
of	IN
its	PRP$
employees	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
your	PRP$
organization	NN
must	MD
resolve	VB
this	DT
matter	NN
at	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
level	NN
.	.
In	IN
each	DT
scenario	NN
you	PRP
present	VBP
,	,
the	DT
driver	NN
reports	VBZ
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
a	DT
given	VBN
day	NN
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
shift	NN
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
works	VBZ
continues	VBZ
into	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
calendar	NN
day	NN
.	.
The	DT
driver	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
report	VB
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
two	CD
separate	JJ
days	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
,	,
in	IN
both	DT
scenarios	NNS
you	PRP
present	RB
,	,
the	DT
driver	NN
is	VBZ
entitled	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
paid	VBN
only	RB
for	IN
the	DT
actual	JJ
hours	NNS
worked	VBD
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
scenario	NN
,	,
the	DT
driver	NN
is	VBZ
entitled	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
paid	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
total	NN
of	IN
six	CD
and	CC
one-half	JJ
hours	NNS
of	IN
work	NN
-	:
six	CD
hours	NNS
of	IN
work	NN
on	IN
Friday	NNP
and	CC
one-half	JJ
hour	NN
of	IN
work	NN
on	IN
Saturday	NNP
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
ensure	VB
that	IN
the	DT
driver	NN
receives	VBZ
at	IN
least	JJS
one	CD
full	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
pay	NN
for	IN
the	DT
shift	NN
beginning	VBG
on	IN
Friday	NNP
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
scenario	NN
,	,
the	DT
driver	NN
would	MD
be	VB
entitled	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
paid	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
total	NN
of	IN
eight	CD
hours	NNS
of	IN
work	NN
-	:
four	CD
hours	NNS
of	IN
work	NN
on	IN
Saturday	NNP
and	CC
four	CD
hours	NNS
of	IN
work	NN
on	IN
Sunday	NNP
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
ensure	VB
that	IN
the	DT
driver	NN
receives	VBZ
at	IN
least	JJS
a	DT
full	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
pay	NN
for	IN
the	DT
shift	NN
beginning	VBG
on	IN
Saturday	NNP
.	.
School	NNP
instructors	NNS
.	.
Specifically	RB
,	,
you	PRP
ask	VBP
whether	IN
Mason	NNP
County	NNP
teachers	NNS
who	WP
obtain	VB
positions	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
Adult	NNP
Night	NNP
School	NNP
Program	NNP
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
paid	VBN
their	PRP$
regular	JJ
daily	JJ
rate	NN
,	,
or	CC
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
permissible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
county	NN
to	TO
set	VB
an	DT
alternate	JJ
hourly	JJ
rate	NN
of	IN
pay	NN
for	IN
the	DT
positions	NNS
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
clear	JJ
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
requirement	NN
that	IN
a	DT
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
pay	NN
teachers	NNS
their	PRP$
regular	JJ
hourly	JJ
rate	NN
for	IN
services	NNS
performed	VBN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
an	DT
extracurricular	JJ
contract	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
permissible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
county	NN
to	TO
set	VB
an	DT
alternate	JJ
hourly	JJ
rate	NN
of	IN
pay	NN
.	.
The	DT
rate	NN
of	IN
pay	NN
for	IN
an	DT
extracurricular	JJ
contract	NN
must	MD
,	,
however	RB
,	,
be	VB
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
a	DT
written	VBN
agreement	NN
signed	VBN
by	IN
both	DT
parties	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
agreement	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
school	NN
based	VBN
extracurricular	JJ
position	NN
can	MD
truly	RB
only	RB
be	VB
performed	VBN
by	IN
personnel	NNS
already	RB
assigned	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
Lead	JJ
Teacher	NN
or	CC
Lunchroom	NNP
Supervisor	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
permissible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
position	NN
to	TO
be	VB
posted	VBN
only	RB
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
Posting	VBG
the	DT
positions	NNS
elsewhere	RB
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
would	MD
be	VB
an	DT
exercise	NN
in	IN
futility	NN
if	IN
only	RB
those	DT
employees	NNS
already	RB
assigned	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
can	MD
perform	VB
the	DT
job	NN
duties	NNS
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
provision	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
law	NN
which	WDT
requires	VBZ
extracurricular	JJ
positions	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
these	DT
to	TO
be	VB
re-posted	JJ
annually	RB
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
position	NN
continues	VBZ
from	IN
one	CD
year	NN
to	TO
the	DT
next	JJ
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
successful	JJ
applicant	NN
may	MD
continue	VB
in	IN
the	DT
position	NN
from	IN
year	NN
to	TO
year	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
beneficial	JJ
for	IN
counties	NNS
to	TO
post	VB
these	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
vacancies	NNS
on	IN
an	DT
annual	JJ
basis	NN
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
anticipated	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
job	NN
duties	NNS
will	MD
change	VB
from	IN
year	NN
to	TO
year	NN
,	,
or	CC
if	IN
the	DT
county	NN
anticipates	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
job	NN
might	MD
not	RB
be	VB
indefinitely	RB
sustainable	JJ
due	JJ
to	TO
financial	JJ
constraints	NNS
,	,
lack	NN
of	IN
need	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
reasons	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
believe	VBP
the	DT
clear	JJ
intent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
statute	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
deduct	VB
the	DT
amount	NN
the	DT
employee	NN
receives	VBZ
from	IN
a	DT
court	NN
for	IN
service	NN
on	IN
a	DT
jury	NN
from	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
salary	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
employee	NN
by	IN
the	DT
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
thus	RB
paying	VBG
the	DT
employee	NN
the	DT
difference	NN
.	.
You	PRP
explain	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
employed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
under	IN
two	CD
separate	JJ
contracts	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
employed	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
Electronic	JJ
Technician\/Custodian	JJ
III	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
210	CD
day	NN
contract	NN
during	IN
the	DT
regular	JJ
school	NN
term	NN
and	CC
as	IN
a	DT
Custodian	NNP
III	NNP
under	IN
a	DT
30	CD
day	NN
summer	NN
contract	NN
.	.
You	PRP
further	RB
explain	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
frequently	RB
work	VBP
several	JJ
extra	JJ
days	NNS
during	IN
both	DT
your	PRP$
regular	JJ
and	CC
summer	NN
contract	NN
terms	NNS
.	.
As	IN
the	DT
30	CD
day	NN
contract	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
summer	NN
contract	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
separate	JJ
and	CC
distinct	JJ
from	IN
your	PRP$
regular	JJ
employment	NN
contract	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
regular	JJ
employment	NN
activities	NNS
have	VBP
no	DT
bearing	NN
on	IN
your	PRP$
summer	NN
classification	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
summer	NN
employment	NN
activities	NNS
must	MD
match	VB
those	DT
of	IN
another	DT
classification	NN
in	IN
order	NN
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
multiclassified	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
.	.
See	VB
Gunnoe	NNP
v.	CC
Raleigh	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
Docket	NNP
No.	NN
97-41-302	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
October	NNP
30	CD
,	,
1997	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
In	IN
reaching	VBG
the	DT
decision	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Bright	NNP
case	NN
,	,
the	DT
Court	NNP
further	JJ
provided	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
the	DT
factual	JJ
analysis	NN
conducted	VBN
by	IN
school	NN
administrators	NNS
should	MD
seek	VB
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
the	DT
previous	JJ
nonpublic	JJ
school	NN
employment	NN
substantially	RB
corresponds	VBZ
to	TO
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
categories	NNS
of	IN
``	``
professional	JJ
educator	NN
''	''
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-1-1	NNP
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
Bright	NNP
case	NN
,	,
this	DT
analysis	NN
included	VBD
a	DT
consideration	NN
of	IN
whether	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
in	IN
question	NN
had	VBD
been	VBN
assigned	VBN
and	CC
performed	VBN
the	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
responsibilities	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
degreed	JJ
teacher	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
worked	VBD
,	,
preparation	NN
of	IN
lesson	NN
plans	NNS
,	,
supervision	NN
of	IN
teachers	NNS
aides	NNS
and	CC
parent	NN
volunteers	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
You	PRP
go	VBP
on	IN
to	TO
explain	VB
that	DT
permitting	VBG
this	DT
practice	NN
would	MD
save	VB
thousands	NNS
of	IN
pages	NNS
of	IN
paper	NN
annually	RB
as	IN
each	DT
job	NN
vacancy	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
posted	VBN
has	VBZ
a	DT
multi-page	JJ
description	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
physically	RB
attached	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
posting	VBG
in	IN
every	DT
work	NN
location	NN
in	IN
Kanawha	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
Significantly	RB
,	,
both	DT
of	IN
these	DT
code	NN
sections	NNS
provide	VBP
that	IN
job	NN
vacancies	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
in	IN
conspicuous	JJ
working	VBG
places	NNS
for	IN
school	NN
personnel	NNS
to	TO
observe	VB
,	,
neither	DT
specifically	RB
mandates	VBZ
how	WRB
the	DT
vacancies	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
posted	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
do	VBP
wish	VB
to	TO
encourage	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
to	TO
enhance	VB
services	NNS
and	CC
reduce	VB
administrative	JJ
costs	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
county	NN
level	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
counties	NNS
must	MD
also	RB
ensure	VB
that	IN
employees	NNS
without	IN
access	NN
to	TO
technology	NN
are	VBP
not	RB
hindered	VBN
from	IN
accessing	VBG
information	NN
about	IN
job	NN
vacancies	NNS
and	CC
job	NN
descriptions	NNS
.	.
Specifically	RB
,	,
you	PRP
explain	VBP
that	IN
,	,
in	IN
your	PRP$
county	NN
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
multi-classified	JJ
aides	NNS
and\/or	CC
secretaries	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
received	VBN
specialized	VBN
health	NN
care	NN
procedures	NNS
training	NN
and	CC
who	WP
are	VBP
currently	RB
providing	VBG
specialized	VBN
health	NN
care	NN
services	NNS
to	TO
approved	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
ask	VBP
whether	IN
these	DT
employees	NNS
are	VBP
entitled	VBN
to	TO
additional	JJ
pay	NN
for	IN
performing	VBG
the	DT
specialized	VBN
health	NN
care	NN
procedures	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
interpretation	NN
that	IN
any	DT
aide	NN
or	CC
secretary	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
properly	RB
trained	VBN
and	CC
approved	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
specialized	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
procedures	NNS
,	,
and	CC
who	WP
does	VBZ
provide	VB
the	DT
procedures	NNS
,	,
is	VBZ
entitled	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
paid	VBN
one	CD
pay	NN
grade	NN
higher	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
highest	JJS
pay	NN
grade	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
employee	NN
is	VBZ
otherwise	RB
paid	VBN
.	.
This	DT
rule	NN
applies	VBZ
to	TO
both	DT
multi-classified	JJ
service	NN
employees	NNS
and	CC
those	DT
service	NN
employees	NNS
working	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
single	JJ
classification	NN
area	NN
.	.
For	IN
instance	NN
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
in	IN
question	NN
is	VBZ
multi-classified	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
Secretary	NNP
III\/Accountant	NNP
II	NNP
,	,
and	CC
dispenses	VBZ
medications	NNS
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
his\/her	NN
duties	NNS
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
employee	NN
will	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
at	IN
paygrade	NN
G.	NNP
If	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
in	IN
question	NN
is	VBZ
multi-classified	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
Supervisory	NNP
Aide	NNP
III\/Autism	NNP
Mentor	NNP
,	,
and	CC
dispenses	VBZ
medications	NNS
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
his\/her	NN
duties	NNS
,	,
then	RB
he\/she	RB
will	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
at	IN
paygrade	NN
G.	NNP
As	IN
I	PRP
understand	VBP
the	DT
scenario	NN
you	PRP
set	VBD
forth	RB
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
entitled	VBN
to	TO
any	DT
additional	JJ
compensation	NN
for	IN
working	VBG
on	IN
a	DT
make-up	NN
day	NN
.	.
A	DT
day	NN
lost	VBD
due	JJ
to	TO
snow	NN
will	MD
necessarily	RB
be	VB
scheduled	VBN
to	TO
made	VBN
up	RP
on	IN
a	DT
day	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
already	RB
included	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
paid	VBN
day	NN
within	IN
your	PRP$
employment	NN
term	NN
.	.
Even	RB
if	IN
teachers	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
required	VBN
to	TO
report	VB
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
a	DT
snow	NN
day	NN
,	,
that	DT
day	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
vacation	NN
day	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
included	VBN
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
employment	NN
contract	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
you	PRP
are	VBP
paid	VBN
.	.
Working	VBG
on	IN
both	DT
the	DT
make-up	NN
day	NN
and	CC
the	DT
snow	NN
day	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
add	VB
any	DT
days	NNS
to	TO
your	PRP$
employment	NN
term	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
no	DT
additional	JJ
compensation	NN
will	MD
be	VB
owed	VBN
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
Services	NNPS
,	,
Maintenance	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Transportation	NNP
was	VBD
not	RB
an	DT
Executive	NNP
Secretary	NNP
because	IN
the	DT
assistant	NN
superintendent	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
an	DT
administrator	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
assigned	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
position	NN
characterized	VBN
by	IN
significant	JJ
administrative	JJ
duties	NNS
.	.
As	IN
such	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
unlikely	JJ
that	IN
a	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
would	MD
be	VB
deemed	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
significant	JJ
administrative	JJ
duties	NNS
by	IN
the	DT
Grievance	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
No.	NN
.	.
A	DT
county	NN
should	MD
post	VB
positions	NNS
according	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
specific	JJ
staffing	NN
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
.	.
As	IN
set	VBN
forth	RB
above	IN
,	,
any	DT
person	NN
employed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
public	JJ
schools	NNS
as	IN
an	DT
Aide	NN
I	PRP
,	,
II	NNP
,	,
III	NNP
,	,
or	CC
IV	NNP
who	WP
assists	VBZ
teachers	NNS
in	IN
instructing	VBG
students	NNS
is	VBZ
considered	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
paraprofessional	NN
as	IN
that	DT
term	NN
is	VBZ
defined	VBN
in	IN
NCLB	NNP
.	.
NCLB	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
require	VB
that	IN
counties	NNS
hire	VBP
only	RB
those	DT
individuals	NNS
who	WP
meet	VBP
the	DT
qualifications	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
subgroup	NN
of	IN
paraprofessionals	NNS
defined	VBN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Policy	NNP
5202	CD
at	IN
section	NN
25	CD
.	.
Past	JJ
county	NN
practice	NN
may	MD
be	VB
significant	JJ
in	IN
this	DT
area	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
county	NN
has	VBZ
provided	VBN
more	RBR
generous	JJ
upgrade	NN
privileges	NNS
than	IN
those	DT
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
question	NN
number	NN
2	CD
,	,
above	RB
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
county	NN
likely	RB
will	MD
be	VB
bound	VBN
to	TO
follow	VB
those	DT
same	JJ
procedures	NNS
when	WRB
dealing	VBG
with	IN
all	DT
similarly	RB
situated	VBN
employees	NNS
.	.
Yes	UH
.	.
The	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
NCLB	NNP
apply	VB
to	TO
all	DT
school	NN
staff	NN
members	NNS
with	IN
instructional	JJ
duties	NNS
in	IN
any	DT
program	NN
supported	VBN
by	IN
Title	NNP
I	PRP
funds	NNS
.	.
For	IN
a	DT
schoolwide	JJ
Title	NN
I	PRP
school	VBP
,	,
this	DT
means	VBZ
all	DT
such	JJ
employees	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
with	IN
instructional	JJ
duties	NNS
without	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
source	NN
of	IN
funding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
positions	NNS
.	.
Does	VBZ
the	DT
aide	NN
with	IN
the	DT
most	JJS
seniority	NN
fill	VB
the	DT
position	NN
?	.
In	IN
a	DT
second	JJ
scenario	NN
,	,
a	DT
kindergarten	NN
aide	NN
position	NN
is	VBZ
posted	VBN
,	,
an	DT
aide	NN
with	IN
10	CD
years	NNS
seniority	NN
applies	VBZ
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
a	DT
paraprofessional	JJ
with	IN
one	CD
year	NN
or	CC
less	JJR
seniority	NN
,	,
who	WP
gets	VBZ
the	DT
position	NN
?	.
Yes	UH
,	,
coaching	NN
positions	NNS
held	VBN
by	IN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
not	RB
currently	RB
employed	VBN
certified	VBN
professional	JJ
educators	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
every	DT
year	NN
.	.
In	IN
implementing	VBG
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-3-2a	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Policy	NNP
5202	CD
,	,
Minimum	NNP
Requirements	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Licensure	NN
of	IN
Professional\/Paraprofessional	NNP
Personnel	NNP
and	CC
Advanced	NNP
Salary	NNP
Classifications	NNPS
,	,
in	IN
section	NN
23.1.3	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
B	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
provides	VBZ
that	IN
a	DT
coaching	NN
authorization	NN
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
renewed	VBN
unless	IN
the	DT
applicant	NN
for	IN
the	DT
authorization	NN
receives	VBZ
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
verifying	VBG
that	IN
no	DT
currently	RB
employed	VBN
certified	VBN
professional	JJ
educator	NN
has	VBZ
applied	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
position	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
position	NN
were	VBD
not	RB
posted	VBN
on	IN
an	DT
annual	JJ
basis	NN
,	,
the	DT
coaching	NN
authorizations	NNS
of	IN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
hold	VB
teacher	NN
licensure	NN
could	MD
not	RB
be	VB
renewed	VBN
because	IN
these	DT
renewal	NN
requirements	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
Policy	NN
5202	CD
could	MD
not	RB
be	VB
met	VBN
.	.
If	IN
applicant	NN
B	NNP
holds	VBZ
a	DT
professional	JJ
teaching	NN
certificate	NN
,	,
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
priority	NN
status	NN
as	IN
a	DT
currently	RB
employed	VBN
professional	JJ
educator	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-4-16	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
6	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
applies	VBZ
only	RB
to	TO
service	NN
personnel	NNS
extracurricular	JJ
assignments	NNS
.	.
Coaching	NN
positions	NNS
,	,
though	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
extracurricular	JJ
positions	NNS
,	,
are	VBP
not	RB
service	NN
personnel	NNS
positions	NNS
.	.
Again	RB
,	,
these	DT
individuals	NNS
are	VBP
granted	VBN
coaching	NN
authorizations	NNS
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-3-2a	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
provides	VBZ
that	IN
such	JJ
certificates	NNS
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
given	VBN
permanent	JJ
status	NN
and	CC
that	IN
the	DT
persons	NNS
holding	VBG
them	PRP
must	MD
meet	VB
renewal	NN
requirements	NNS
provided	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
and	CC
regulation	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-4-8b	NNP
applies	VBZ
solely	RB
to	TO
service	NN
personnel	NNS
positions	NNS
.	.
Coaching	NN
positions	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
filled	VBN
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
criteria	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
therein	RB
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
the	DT
logical	JJ
conclusion	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
service	NN
personnel	NNS
extracurricular	JJ
assignments	NNS
are	VBP
only	RB
those	DT
extracurricular	JJ
assignments	NNS
that	WDT
relate	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
employment	NN
classifications	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-4-8	NNP
.	.
Question	NN
3	CD
.	.
Does	VBZ
an	DT
out-of-county	JJ
licensed	JJ
teacher	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
not	RB
an	DT
employee	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
school	NN
district	NN
have	VBP
priority	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
their	PRP$
professional	JJ
licensure	NN
over	IN
an	DT
employee	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
district	NN
holding	VBG
WVSSAC	NNP
certification	NN
and	CC
currently	RB
serving	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
coaching	NN
position	NN
?	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-4-16	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
6	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
applies	VBZ
only	RB
to	TO
service	NN
personnel	NNS
extracurricular	JJ
assignments	NNS
.	.
Coaching	NN
positions	NNS
,	,
though	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
extracurricular	JJ
positions	NNS
,	,
are	VBP
not	RB
service	NN
personnel	NNS
positions	NNS
.	.
Service	NNP
personnel	NNS
extracurricular	JJ
assignments	NNS
are	VBP
only	RB
those	DT
extracurricular	JJ
assignments	NNS
that	WDT
relate	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
employment	NN
classifications	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-4-8	NNP
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
clear	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
planning	NN
period	NN
is	VBZ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
instructional	JJ
day	NN
during	IN
which	WDT
a	DT
teacher	NN
is	VBZ
compensated	VBN
for	IN
being	VBG
actively	RB
engaged	VBN
in	IN
preparation	NN
activities	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
necessary	JJ
to	TO
effectively	RB
teach	VB
the	DT
prescribed	VBN
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
specific	JJ
methods	NNS
by	IN
which	WDT
this	DT
preparation	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
completed	VBN
are	VBP
not	RB
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
law	NN
or	CC
policy	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
certain	JJ
that	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
include	VB
coaching	NN
at	IN
other	JJ
schools	NNS
,	,
running	VBG
personal	JJ
errands	NNS
,	,
going	VBG
home	NN
to	TO
feed	VB
animals	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
members	NNS
,	,
or	CC
taking	VBG
college	NN
classes	NNS
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
construing	VBG
these	DT
two	CD
provisions	NNS
together	RB
,	,
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
may	MD
not	RB
release	VB
students	NNS
more	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
hours	NNS
early	RB
on	IN
instructional	JJ
days	NNS
.	.
Releasing	VBG
the	DT
students	NNS
earlier	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
hours	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
instructional	JJ
day	NN
would	MD
require	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
bank	NN
time	NN
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
now	RB
expressly	RB
prohibited	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
.	.
Over	IN
the	DT
counter	NN
medications	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
administered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
nurse	NN
with	IN
parent	NN
permission	NN
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
county	NN
policy	NN
specifies	VBZ
this	DT
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
specialized	VBN
skill	NN
and	CC
judgment	NN
are	VBP
needed	VBN
in	IN
determining	VBG
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
to	TO
administer	VB
an	DT
over	IN
the	DT
counter	NN
medication	NN
,	,
this	DT
procedure	NN
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
safely	RB
delegated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
nurse	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
commercial	JJ
driver	NN
's	POS
license	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
condition	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
for	IN
any	DT
school	NN
employee	NN
or	CC
qualified	VBN
applicant	NN
who	WP
becomes	VBZ
an	DT
employee	NN
by	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
the	DT
cost	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
in	IN
full	JJ
by	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
unlawful	JJ
for	IN
any	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
require	VB
any	DT
employee	NN
or	CC
applicant	NN
who	WP
becomes	VBZ
an	DT
employee	NN
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
acquiring	VBG
a	DT
commercial	JJ
driver	NN
's	POS
license	NN
as	IN
a	DT
condition	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
once	IN
the	DT
qualified	VBN
applicant	NN
is	VBZ
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
that	IN
board	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
pay	VB
the	DT
fee	NN
for	IN
the	DT
CDL	NNP
,	,
or	CC
,	,
in	IN
essence	NN
,	,
reimburse	VBP
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
the	DT
CDL	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
new	JJ
employee	NN
and	CC
continue	VB
to	TO
pay	VB
the	DT
cost	NN
for	IN
the	DT
renewal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
for	IN
all	DT
such	JJ
employees	NNS
,	,
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-2-4	NNP
.	.
Delegates	NNPS
and	CC
a	DT
teacher	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Wetzel	NNP
County	NNP
school	NN
system	NN
.	.
Since	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
in	IN
special	JJ
session	NN
on	IN
several	JJ
occasions	NNS
this	DT
year	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
very	RB
likely	JJ
that	IN
you	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
acquire	VB
one	CD
hundred	CD
thirty-three	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
paid	VBN
employment	NN
as	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
for	IN
the	DT
2001-2002	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
less	JJR
clear	JJ
in	IN
addressing	VBG
the	DT
answer	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
question	NN
regarding	VBG
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
and	CC
no	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Supreme	NNP
Court	NNP
Cases	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
found	VBN
that	IN
illuminate	VBP
the	DT
relationship	NN
between	IN
years	NNS
of	IN
service	NN
and	CC
released	VBN
time	NN
for	IN
government	NN
assignments	NNS
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
substitute	NN
teacher	NN
substitutes	NNS
thirty	CD
consecutive	JJ
days	NNS
,	,
not	RB
for	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
teacher	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
he\/she	JJ
entitled	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
thirty-first	JJ
day	NN
to	TO
the	DT
highest	JJS
rate	NN
of	IN
pay	NN
which	WDT
would	MD
be	VB
100	CD
%	NN
of	IN
degree	NN
and	CC
experience	NN
?	.
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	DT
effective	JJ
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
July	NNP
,	,
two	CD
thousand	CD
one	CD
,	,
an	DT
additional	JJ
twelve	CD
dollars	NNS
per	IN
month	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
added	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
minimum	NN
monthly	JJ
pay	NN
of	IN
each	DT
service	NN
employee	NN
who	WP
holds	VBZ
a	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
diploma	NN
or	CC
its	PRP$
equivalent	NN
.	.
Are	VBP
we	PRP
within	IN
the	DT
law	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
a	DT
driver	NN
$	$
14.00	CD
a	DT
day	NN
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
supplemental	JJ
run	NN
while	IN
other	JJ
drivers	NNS
making	VBG
similar	JJ
runs	NNS
are	VBP
paid	VBN
only	RB
$	$
7.00	CD
per	IN
day	NN
realizing	VBG
they	PRP
bid	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
jobs	NNS
and	CC
accepted	VBD
them	PRP
for	IN
$	$
7.00	CD
per	IN
day	NN
supplemental	JJ
run	NN
?	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
all	DT
drivers	NNS
making	VBG
similar	JJ
supplemental	JJ
runs	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
compensated	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
uniform	JJ
manner	NN
.	.
Unless	IN
the	DT
run	NN
which	WDT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
posted	VBN
at	IN
fourteen	CD
dollars	NNS
per	IN
day	NN
is	VBZ
substantially	RB
longer	JJR
or	CC
more	RBR
difficult	JJ
than	IN
other	JJ
supplemental	JJ
runs	NNS
,	,
then	RB
it	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
proper	JJ
to	TO
pay	VB
the	DT
individual	JJ
making	NN
this	DT
run	NN
at	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
rate	NN
than	IN
other	JJ
drivers	NNS
making	VBG
similar	JJ
runs	NNS
within	IN
Lincoln	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
Because	IN
the	DT
student	NN
populations	NNS
of	IN
elementary	JJ
and	CC
middle	JJ
schools	NNS
are	VBP
significantly	RB
different	JJ
,	,
as	IN
are	VBP
the	DT
required	JJ
curricula	NN
and	CC
teacher	NN
certifications	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
reasonable	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
county	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
that	IN
a	DT
successful	JJ
administrator	NN
must	MD
have	VB
teaching	NN
experience	NN
at	IN
the	DT
grade	NN
level	NN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
will	MD
supervise	VB
as	IN
an	DT
administrator	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
legal	JJ
authority	NN
either	CC
mandating	VBG
or	CC
prohibiting	VBG
this	DT
requirement	NN
.	.
April	NNP
26	CD
,	,
2001	CD
.	.
You	PRP
stated	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
autistic	JJ
male	JJ
child	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
county	NN
is	VBZ
currently	RB
receiving	VBG
services	NNS
with	IN
one-on-one	JJ
supervision	NN
and	CC
with	IN
guidance	NN
from	IN
the	DT
autism	NN
center	NN
in	IN
Huntington	NNP
.	.
The	DT
child	NN
is	VBZ
now	RB
approaching	VBG
middle	JJ
school	NN
age	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
grown	VBN
substantially	RB
in	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
mother	NN
of	IN
the	DT
child	NN
is	VBZ
now	RB
requesting	VBG
the	DT
services	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
male	JJ
aide	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
personal	JJ
care	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
if	IN
gender	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
bona	NN
fide	NN
occupational	JJ
qualification	NN
for	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
job	NN
,	,
the	DT
job	NN
posting	VBG
can	MD
permissibly	RB
reflect	VB
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
an	DT
applicant	NN
with	IN
that	DT
qualification	NN
.	.
The	DT
posting	VBG
should	MD
describe	VB
the	DT
required	JJ
job	NN
duties	NNS
as	IN
specifically	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
,	,
without	IN
disclosing	VBG
any	DT
confidential	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
students	NNS
,	,
so	RB
that	IN
the	DT
qualification	NN
is	VBZ
adequately	RB
justified	JJ
.	.
Because	IN
the	DT
half	NN
time	NN
principal	NN
at	IN
Valley	NNP
Head	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
must	MD
also	RB
be	VB
a	DT
certified	JJ
music	NN
teacher	NN
,	,
Mr.	NNP
Nelson	NNP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
entitled	VBN
to	TO
bump	VB
the	DT
current	JJ
less	JJR
senior	JJ
Valley	NNP
Head	NNP
principal	NN
.	.
A	DT
displaced	VBN
employee	NN
can	MD
only	RB
be	VB
transferred	VBN
into	IN
a	DT
position	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
he\/she	NN
is	VBZ
certified	VBN
or	CC
licensed	VBN
.	.
Interpretation	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
reduction	NN
of	IN
a	DT
full-time	JJ
elementary	JJ
principalship	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
county	NN
to	TO
a	DT
half-time	NN
position	NN
.	.
You	PRP
stated	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
enrollment	NN
at	IN
Homestead	NNP
Elementary	NNP
had	VBD
dropped	VBN
to	TO
below	IN
one	CD
hundred	CD
seventy	NN
for	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
two	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
was	VBD
projected	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
at	IN
about	IN
one	CD
hundred	CD
forty	CD
next	JJ
year	NN
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
your	PRP$
county	NN
has	VBZ
decided	VBN
to	TO
reduce	VB
the	DT
full	JJ
time	NN
principal	JJ
position	NN
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
a	DT
half	NN
time	NN
position	NN
commencing	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
2001-2002	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-4-7a	NNP
provides	VBZ
that	IN
where	WRB
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
reduce	VB
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
professional	JJ
personnel	NNS
in	IN
its	PRP$
employment	NN
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
with	IN
the	DT
least	JJS
amount	NN
of	IN
seniority	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
properly	RB
notified	VBN
and	CC
released	VBN
from	IN
employment	NN
.	.
Head	NNP
position	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
because	IN
the	DT
position	NN
at	IN
Homestead	NNP
is	VBZ
newly	RB
created	VBN
,	,
it	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
and	CC
filled	VBN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-4-7a	NNP
.	.
Assuming	VBG
you	PRP
meet	VBP
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
certification	NN
requirements	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
apply	VB
for	IN
that	DT
job	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-2-9	NNP
and	CC
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
policy	NN
allow	VBP
for	IN
a	DT
principal	NN
to	TO
be	VB
assigned	VBN
to	TO
two	CD
schools	NNS
,	,
but	CC
prohibit	VBP
a	DT
principal	NN
from	IN
being	VBG
assigned	VBN
to	TO
more	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
schools	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
mandatory	JJ
for	IN
county	NN
boards	NNS
to	TO
assign	VB
half	DT
time	NN
principals	NNS
to	TO
schools	NNS
with	IN
net	JJ
enrollments	NNS
of	IN
less	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
hundred	CD
seventy	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
only	RB
mandatory	JJ
that	IN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
employ	VBP
a	DT
full	JJ
time	NN
supervising	VBG
principal	NN
at	IN
each	DT
school	NN
whose	WP$
net	JJ
enrollment	NN
equals	VBZ
or	CC
exceeds	VBZ
one	CD
hundred	CD
seventy	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
See	VB
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-2-9	NNP
.	.
In	IN
reading	VBG
this	DT
interpretation	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
note	VB
that	IN
other	JJ
factors	NNS
not	RB
mentioned	VBN
in	IN
your	PRP$
correspondence	NN
could	MD
affect	VB
the	DT
analysis	NN
herein	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
the	DT
interpretation	NN
should	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
a	DT
response	NN
only	RB
to	TO
those	DT
questions	NNS
and	CC
fact	NN
patterns	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
your	PRP$
request	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
in	IN
legal	JJ
terms	NNS
,	,
a	DT
librarian	NN
is	VBZ
viewed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
,	,
and	CC
would	MD
be	VB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
basic	JJ
employment	NN
terms	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
.	.
Again	RB
,	,
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
18A-2-9	NNP
the	DT
principal	NN
is	VBZ
granted	VBN
administrative	JJ
and	CC
instructional	JJ
supervision	NN
and	CC
responsibility	NN
for	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
school	NN
.	.
Number	NN
93-20-500	CD
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Education	NNP
and	CC
State	NNP
Employees	NNP
Grievance	NNP
Board	NNP
held	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
librarian	NN
could	MD
rightfully	RB
be	VB
assigned	VBN
the	DT
duties	NNS
of	IN
lunchroom	NN
supervisor	NN
during	IN
the	DT
normal	JJ
school	NN
day	NN
.	.
The	DT
grievant	NN
was	VBD
given	VBN
no	DT
additional	JJ
compensation	NN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
she	PRP
maintained	VBD
a	DT
duty	NN
free	JJ
lunch	NN
period	NN
.	.
A	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
that	DT
decision	NN
is	VBZ
enclosed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
may	MD
,	,
after	IN
ten	CD
days	NNS
'	POS
notice	NN
and	CC
upon	IN
proper	JJ
evidence	NN
,	,
revoke	VB
the	DT
certificates	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
teacher	NN
for	IN
drunkenness	NN
,	,
untruthfulness	NN
,	,
immorality	NN
,	,
or	CC
for	IN
any	DT
physical	JJ
,	,
mental	JJ
or	CC
moral	JJ
defect	NN
which	WDT
would	MD
render	VB
him	PRP
unfit	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
proper	JJ
performance	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
duties	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
,	,
or	CC
for	IN
any	DT
neglect	NN
of	IN
duty	NN
or	CC
refusal	NN
to	TO
perform	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
,	,
or	CC
for	IN
using	VBG
fraudulent	JJ
,	,
unapproved	JJ
,	,
or	CC
insufficient	JJ
credit	NN
,	,
or	CC
for	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
cause	NN
which	WDT
would	MD
have	VB
justified	VBN
the	DT
withholding	NN
of	IN
a	DT
certificate	NN
when	WRB
the	DT
same	JJ
was	VBD
issued	VBN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
certificate	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
granted	VBN
through	IN
an	DT
error	NN
,	,
oversight	NN
,	,
or	CC
misinformation	NN
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
shall	MD
have	VB
authority	NN
to	TO
recall	VB
the	DT
certificate	NN
and	CC
make	VB
such	JJ
corrections	NNS
as	RB
will	MD
conform	VB
to	TO
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
law	NN
and	CC
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
Subject	JJ
to	TO
and	CC
in	IN
conformity	NN
with	IN
the	DT
constitution	NN
and	CC
laws	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
state	NN
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
shall	MD
exercise	VB
general	JJ
supervision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
,	,
and	CC
shall	MD
make	VB
rules	NNS
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
article	NN
three-b	JJ
,	,
chapter	NN
twenty-nine-a	NN
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
for	IN
carrying	VBG
into	IN
effect	NN
the	DT
laws	NNS
and	CC
policies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
relating	VBG
to	TO
education	NN
,	,
including	VBG
rules	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
standards	NNS
for	IN
performance	NN
and	CC
measures	NNS
of	IN
accountability	NN
,	,
the	DT
physical	JJ
welfare	NN
of	IN
pupils	NNS
,	,
the	DT
education	NN
of	IN
all	DT
children	NNS
of	IN
school	NN
age	NN
,	,
school	NN
attendance	NN
,	,
evening	NN
and	CC
continuation	NN
or	CC
part-time	JJ
day	NN
schools	NNS
,	,
school	NN
extension	NN
work	NN
,	,
the	DT
classification	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
,	,
the	DT
issuing	VBG
of	IN
certificates	NNS
upon	IN
credentials	NNS
,	,
the	DT
distribution	NN
and	CC
care	NN
of	IN
free	JJ
textbooks	NNS
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
the	DT
general	JJ
powers	NNS
and	CC
duties	NNS
of	IN
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
and	CC
of	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
principals	NNS
,	,
supervisors	NNS
and	CC
superintendents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
such	JJ
other	JJ
matters	NNS
pertaining	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
as	IN
may	MD
seem	VB
to	TO
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
to	TO
be	VB
necessary	JJ
and	CC
expedient	JJ
.	.
A	DT
teacher	NN
works	VBZ
in	IN
a	DT
sensitive	JJ
area	NN
in	IN
a	DT
schoolroom	NN
.	.
There	EX
he	PRP
shapes	VBZ
the	DT
attitude	NN
of	IN
young	JJ
minds	NNS
towards	IN
the	DT
society	NN
which	WDT
they	PRP
live	VBP
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
vital	JJ
concern	NN
.	.
It	PRP
must	MD
preserve	VB
the	DT
integrity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
.	.
That	IN
the	DT
school	NN
authorities	NNS
have	VBP
the	DT
right	NN
and	CC
the	DT
duty	NN
to	TO
screen	NN
officials	NNS
,	,
teachers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
employees	NNS
as	IN
to	TO
their	PRP$
fitness	NN
to	TO
maintain	VB
the	DT
integrity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
ordered	VBN
society	NN
,	,
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
doubted	VBN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
note	VB
that	IN
the	DT
highlighted	VBN
language	NN
of	IN
the	DT
statute	NN
indicates	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
person	NN
applying	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
vacant	JJ
position	NN
will	MD
assume	VB
the	DT
position	NN
at	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
half	NN
of	IN
the	DT
instructional	JJ
term	NN
.	.
To	TO
construe	VB
the	DT
statute	NN
otherwise	RB
and	CC
allow	VB
this	DT
teacher	NN
to	TO
delay	VB
her	PRP$
transfer	NN
could	MD
have	VB
a	DT
trickle	VB
down	RP
effect	NN
,	,
disrupting	VBG
the	DT
continuity	NN
and	CC
stability	NN
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
positions	NNS
affected	VBN
by	IN
this	DT
transfer	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
receipt	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
request	NN
regarding	VBG
applications	NNS
for	IN
extracurricular	JJ
positions	NNS
and	CC
seniority	NN
for	IN
employees	NNS
of	IN
multi-county	JJ
technical	JJ
centers	NNS
.	.
Specifically	RB
,	,
your	PRP$
questions	NNS
concern	NN
a	DT
teacher	NN
who	WP
worked	VBD
in	IN
Harrison	NNP
County	NNP
for	IN
eight	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
then	RB
transferred	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
multi-county	JJ
center	NN
where	WRB
she	PRP
has	VBZ
worked	VBN
for	IN
sixteen	CD
years	NNS
without	IN
a	DT
break	NN
in	IN
service	NN
.	.
This	DT
teacher	NN
was	VBD
incorrectly	RB
told	VBN
that	IN
she	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
allowed	VBN
to	TO
interview	VB
for	IN
an	DT
extracurricular	JJ
position	NN
in	IN
Harrison	NNP
County	NNP
because	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
Harrison	NNP
County	NNP
employee	NN
.	.
Any	DT
individual	NN
may	MD
apply	VB
for	IN
posted	VBN
extracurricular	JJ
positions	NNS
.	.
Pursuant	JJ
to	TO
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18A-3-2a	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
superintendent	NN
,	,
subject	JJ
to	TO
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
board	NN
,	,
may	MD
issue	VB
certificates	NNS
or	CC
permits	VBZ
to	TO
persons	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
qualify	VB
for	IN
professional	JJ
or	CC
paraprofessional	JJ
certificates	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
that	IN
those	DT
individuals	NNS
serve	VBP
as	IN
athletic	JJ
coaches	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
extracurricular	JJ
activities	NNS
coaches	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
according	VBG
to	TO
that	DT
same	JJ
statute	NN
,	,
currently	RB
employed	VBN
certified	VBN
professional	JJ
educators	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
given	VBN
first	JJ
preference	NN
over	IN
other	JJ
applicants	NNS
.	.
Candidate	NNP
B	NNP
,	,
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
facts	NNS
provided	VBN
,	,
does	VBZ
not	RB
appear	VB
to	TO
have	VB
been	VBN
a	DT
regular	JJ
full-time	JJ
professional	JJ
educator	NN
as	IN
required	VBN
to	TO
accumulate	VB
regular	JJ
seniority	NN
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
seniority	NN
.	.
He	PRP
is	VBZ
entitled	VBN
to	TO
accumulate	VB
seniority	NN
for	IN
the	DT
time	NN
served	VBD
as	IN
a	DT
substitute	NN
teacher	NN
because	IN
he	PRP
completed	VBD
more	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
hundred	CD
thirty-three	CD
days	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
substitute	NN
during	IN
the	DT
1998-99	CD
school	NN
year	NN
,	,
but	CC
only	RB
for	IN
the	DT
limited	JJ
purpose	NN
of	IN
applying	VBG
for	IN
employment	NN
.	.
The	DT
two	CD
single	JJ
years	NNS
of	IN
employment	NN
of	IN
Candidate	NNP
B	NNP
do	VBP
not	RB
appear	VB
to	TO
accrue	VB
to	TO
his	PRP$
benefit	NN
for	IN
seniority	NN
purposes	NNS
because	IN
this	DT
candidate	NN
did	VBD
not	RB
have	VB
continuing	VBG
full-time	JJ
employment	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
there	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
break	NN
in	IN
service	NN
after	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
each	DT
contract	NN
term	NN
.	.
Consequently	RB
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
applying	VBG
for	IN
permanent	JJ
employment	NN
,	,
this	DT
individual	NN
would	MD
have	VB
seniority	NN
for	IN
the	DT
time	NN
served	VBD
or	CC
.8	CD
of	IN
a	DT
year	NN
.	.
His	PRP$
teaching	NN
experience	NN
appears	VBZ
to	TO
total	JJ
2.8	CD
years	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
appear	VB
to	TO
me	PRP
that	IN
if	IN
the	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
indeed	RB
set	VBN
in	IN
place	NN
because	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
opinion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Harrison	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
you	PRP
that	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
and	CC
in	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
interest	NN
of	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
district	NN
,	,
there	EX
would	MD
be	VB
no	DT
legal	JJ
prohibition	NN
to	TO
such	PDT
a	DT
program	NN
.	.
Please	VB
be	VB
advised	VBN
that	IN
depending	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
specific	JJ
content	NN
offered	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
program	NN
,	,
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
specific	JJ
questions	NNS
or	CC
reservations	NNS
raised	VBN
by	IN
new	JJ
teachers	NNS
or	CC
existing	VBG
teachers	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
county	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
without	IN
any	DT
specific	JJ
information	NN
to	TO
be	VB
offered	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
training	NN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
way	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
formal	JJ
comment	NN
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
subject	JJ
matter	NN
to	TO
be	VB
offered	VBN
during	IN
your	PRP$
program	NN
of	IN
indoctrination	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
for	IN
those	DT
teachers	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
concerned	VBN
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
losing	VBG
their	PRP$
planning	NN
period	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
faculty	NN
senate	NN
meetings	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
afternoon	NN
,	,
they	PRP
may	MD
begin	VB
the	DT
work	NN
day	NN
one	CD
half	NN
hour	NN
earlier	RBR
in	IN
order	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
a	DT
planning	NN
period	NN
.	.
For	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
section	NN
only	RB
,	,
a	DT
consolidation	NN
shall	MD
mean	VB
when	WRB
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
schools	NNS
are	VBP
closed	VBN
,	,
or	CC
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
grade	NN
levels	NNS
are	VBP
removed	VBN
from	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
schools	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
students	NNS
who	WP
previously	RB
attended	VBD
the	DT
closed	JJ
schools	NNS
or	CC
grade	NN
levels	NNS
are	VBP
assigned	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
new	JJ
school	NN
...	:
a	DT
merger	NN
shall	MD
mean	VB
when	WRB
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
schools	NNS
are	VBP
closed	VBN
or	CC
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
grade	NN
levels	NNS
are	VBP
removed	VBN
from	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
schools	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
students	NNS
who	WP
previously	RB
attended	VBD
the	DT
closed	JJ
schools	NNS
or	CC
grade	NN
levels	NNS
are	VBP
assigned	VBN
to	TO
another	DT
existing	VBG
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
difference	NN
between	IN
a	DT
consolidation	NN
and	CC
a	DT
merger	NN
under	IN
18A-4-8f	NNP
is	VBZ
whether	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
closed	JJ
school	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
removed	VBN
grade	NN
level	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
being	VBG
assigned	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
new	JJ
school	NN
or	CC
to	TO
another	DT
existing	VBG
school	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
information	NN
presented	VBN
as	IN
stated	VBN
above	IN
,	,
it	PRP
appears	VBZ
clear	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
intention	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Pendleton	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
both	DT
the	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
the	DT
elementary	JJ
school	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
resulting	VBG
school	NN
will	MD
be	VB
a	DT
new	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
a	DT
consolidation	NN
and	CC
not	RB
a	DT
merger	NN
.	.
You	PRP
further	RB
ask	VB
,	,
if	IN
we	PRP
must	MD
post	VB
some	DT
teaching	NN
positions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
the	DT
county	NN
's	POS
faculty	NN
senates	VBZ
vote	NN
under	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-8f	NNP
to	TO
give	VB
teachers	NNS
affected	VBN
by	IN
school	NN
closings	NNS
priority	NN
status	NN
in	IN
filing	NN
positions	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
resulting	VBG
school	NN
,	,
which	WDT
of	IN
the	DT
teachers	NNS
currently	RB
assigned	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
schools	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
closed	VBN
will	MD
enjoy	VB
the	DT
priority	NN
status	NN
in	IN
applying	VBG
for	IN
posted	VBN
teaching	NN
positions	NNS
?	.
Likewise	RB
,	,
the	DT
K-6	NNP
teachers	NNS
from	IN
both	DT
Circleville	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
Seneca	NNP
Rocks	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
will	MD
have	VB
priority	NN
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
seniority	NN
within	IN
the	DT
county	NN
,	,
in	IN
filling	VBG
positions	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
elementary	JJ
school	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
are	VBP
certified	VBN
and	CC
meet	VB
the	DT
standards	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
job	NN
postings	NNS
,	,
over	IN
teachers	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
not	RB
currently	RB
on	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
of	IN
either	DT
of	IN
the	DT
existing	VBG
schools	NNS
.	.
Question	NN
2	CD
.	.
You	PRP
ask	VBP
,	,
in	IN
each	DT
instance	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
high	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
elementary	JJ
school	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
must	MD
we	PRP
post	VB
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
non-teaching	JJ
professional	JJ
positions	NNS
and	CC
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
service	NN
personnel	NNS
positions	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
resulting\/new	NN
schools	NNS
?	.
Question	NN
3	CD
.	.
You	PRP
ask	VBP
,	,
if	IN
positions	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
for	IN
service	NN
personnel	NNS
positions	NNS
,	,
whether	IN
service	NN
personnel	NNS
currently	RB
employed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
two	CD
schools	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
closed	VBN
would	MD
have	VB
preference	NN
in	IN
filling	VBG
the	DT
new	JJ
positions	NNS
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
votes	NNS
under	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-8f	NNP
?	.
Question	NN
4	CD
.	.
You	PRP
ask	VBP
,	,
can	MD
the	DT
faculty	NN
senates	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
vote	NN
on	IN
whether	IN
to	TO
give	VB
priority	NN
to	TO
teachers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
closing	NN
schools	NNS
in	IN
one	CD
election	NN
or	CC
must	MD
such	PDT
an	DT
election	NN
be	VB
held	VBN
separately	RB
for	IN
each	DT
consolidation	NN
?	.
Question	NN
5	CD
.	.
You	PRP
ask	VBP
,	,
if	IN
teachers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
closing	NN
schools	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
voted	VBN
priority	NN
status	NN
by	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
senates	NNS
,	,
does	VBZ
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
may	MD
spend	VB
only	RB
1\/7	CD
of	IN
his\/her	JJR
time	NN
currently	RB
in	IN
a	DT
specific	JJ
subject	JJ
area	NN
assignment	NN
play	VB
any	DT
role	NN
in	IN
determining	VBG
whether	IN
that	DT
teacher	NN
would	MD
be	VB
entitled	VBN
to	TO
priority	NN
for	IN
a	DT
full	JJ
time	NN
position	NN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
subject	JJ
area	NN
?	.
The	DT
answer	NN
is	VBZ
no.	RB
.	.
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-8f	NNP
provides	VBZ
that	IN
if	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
is	VBZ
properly	RB
certified	VBN
and	CC
meets	VBZ
the	DT
standards	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
the	DT
job	NN
posting	VBG
the	DT
position	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
filled	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
seniority	NN
.	.
Seniority	NN
for	IN
classroom	NN
teachers	NNS
,	,
as	IN
defined	VBN
under	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-7a	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
determined	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
the	DT
length	NN
of	IN
time	NN
the	DT
employee	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
employed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
full-time	JJ
certified	VBN
educator	NN
by	IN
the	DT
board	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
granted	VBN
in	IN
all	DT
areas	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
employee	NN
is	VBZ
certified	VBN
.	.
The	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
a	DT
full-time	JJ
employee	NN
may	MD
teach	VB
several	JJ
subjects	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
he\/she	NN
is	VBZ
certified	VBN
does	VBZ
not	RB
operate	VB
to	TO
prevent	VB
seniority	NN
from	IN
accruing	VBG
in	IN
each	DT
area	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
employee	NN
is	VBZ
certified	VBN
.	.
The	DT
answer	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
first	JJ
question	NN
is	VBZ
yes	RB
.	.
There	EX
may	MD
be	VB
employees	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
multi-county	JJ
vocational	JJ
school	NN
who	WP
are	VBP
also	RB
accumulating	VBG
seniority	NN
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
vacancy	NN
has	VBZ
occurred	VBN
,	,
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-8c	NNP
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
other	JJ
currently	RB
employed	VBN
certified	VBN
professional	JJ
educators	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
interested	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
position	NN
.	.
In	IN
that	DT
case	NN
,	,
the	DT
qualifications	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
applicants	NNS
would	MD
determine	VB
who	WP
is	VBZ
awarded	VBN
the	DT
position	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
in	IN
response	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
letter	NN
requesting	VBG
an	DT
interpretation	NN
as	IN
to	TO
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
school	NN
service	NN
personnel	NNS
may	MD
transfer	VB
seniority	NN
to	TO
a	DT
professional	JJ
personnel	NNS
status	NN
once	IN
they	PRP
receive	VBP
a	DT
teaching	NN
certificate	NN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
whether	IN
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
certified	JJ
list	NN
may	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
anyone	NN
upon	IN
request	NN
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
especially	RB
concerned	VBN
about	IN
revelation	NN
of	IN
salaries	NNS
and	CC
social	JJ
security	NN
numbers	NNS
;	:
however	RB
,	,
you	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
know	VB
how	WRB
much	JJ
information	NN
can	MD
be	VB
deleted	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
copy	NN
given	VBN
out	RP
as	IN
public	JJ
information	NN
upon	IN
request	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
more	RBR
than	IN
the	DT
usual	JJ
planning	NN
period	NN
,	,
according	VBG
to	TO
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-14	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Whatever	WDT
planning	NN
time	NN
arrangement	NN
you	PRP
make	VBP
with	IN
your	PRP$
principal	NN
must	MD
be	VB
uniform	JJ
in	IN
comparison	NN
with	IN
opportunities	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
other	JJ
teachers	NNS
assigned	VBN
to	TO
your	PRP$
school	NN
,	,
according	VBG
to	TO
subdivision	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
statute	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
enclosed	VBN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
:	:
If	IN
a	DT
supervisor	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
professional	JJ
employee	NN
fails	VBZ
to	TO
renew	VB
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
administrative	JJ
certificate	NN
yet	RB
is	VBZ
receiving	VBG
extra	JJ
pay	NN
for	IN
supervision	NN
,	,
may	MD
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
reduce	VB
the	DT
employee	NN
's	POS
administrative	JJ
salary	NN
supplement	NN
?	.
If	IN
so	RB
,	,
by	IN
what	WP
procedure	NN
?	.
If	IN
a	DT
supervisor	NN
loses	VBZ
administrative	JJ
certification	NN
,	,
then	RB
his\/her	JJR
salary	NN
is	VBZ
automatically	RB
reduced	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
employee	NN
becomes	VBZ
automatically	RB
listed	VBN
for	IN
transfer	NN
to	TO
a	DT
non-administrative	JJ
position	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
superintendent	NN
still	RB
should	MD
list	VB
the	DT
employee	NN
for	IN
transfer	NN
and	CC
propose	VB
another	DT
assignment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
board	NN
.	.
The	DT
transfer	NN
notice	NN
to	TO
the	DT
employee	NN
should	MD
give	VB
loss	NN
of	IN
administrative	JJ
certification	NN
as	IN
the	DT
reason	NN
.	.
``	``
That	DT
an	DT
employee	NN
subject	NN
to	TO
release	VB
shall	MD
be	VB
employed	VBN
in	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
professional	JJ
position	NN
where	WRB
such	JJ
employee	NN
is	VBZ
certified	VBN
and	CC
was	VBD
previously	RB
employed	VBN
or	CC
to	TO
any	DT
lateral	JJ
area	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
such	JJ
employee	NN
is	VBZ
certified	VBN
and\/or	CC
licensed	VBN
,	,
if	IN
such	JJ
employee	NN
's	POS
seniority	NN
is	VBZ
greater	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
seniority	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
employee	NN
in	IN
that	DT
area	NN
of	IN
certification	NN
and\/or	CC
licensure	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
A	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
must	MD
make	VB
a	DT
showing	VBG
that	IN
its	PRP$
assignment	NN
of	IN
a	DT
displaced	VBN
teacher	NN
is	VBZ
sound	JJ
when	WRB
the	DT
teacher	NN
is	VBZ
assigned	VBN
to	TO
instruct	VB
in	IN
an	DT
area	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
she	PRP
is	VBZ
certified	VBN
but	CC
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
employed	VBN
to	TO
teach	VB
,	,
where	WRB
an	DT
alternative	JJ
assignment	NN
in	IN
an	DT
area	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
teacher	NN
has	VBZ
previously	RB
been	VBN
employed	VBN
to	TO
teach	VB
was	VBD
available	JJ
under	IN
the	DT
seniority	NN
framework	NN
.	.
''	''
The	DT
Court	NNP
,	,
also	RB
,	,
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
its	PRP$
decision	NN
in	IN
this	DT
case	NN
could	MD
cause	VB
a	DT
domino	NN
effect	NN
further	JJ
complicating	VBG
personnel	NNS
actions	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
RIF	NNP
because	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
displaced	VBD
due	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
more	RBR
experienced	JJ
teacher	NN
's	POS
seniority	NN
probably	RB
herself	PRP
or	CC
himself	PRP
will	MD
,	,
also	RB
,	,
be	VB
entitled	VBN
to	TO
displace	VB
a	DT
teacher	NN
.	.
Of	IN
course	NN
,	,
if	IN
this	DT
teacher	NN
would	MD
begin	VB
her\/his	NNS
permanent	JJ
employment	NN
as	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
during	IN
the	DT
1990-91	CD
school	NN
year	NN
and	CC
later	RB
on	RB
would	MD
become	VB
a	DT
substitute	NN
,	,
then	RB
she\/he	VB
would	MD
have	VB
to	TO
work	VB
133	CD
days	NNS
either	CC
as	IN
a	DT
permanently	RB
employed	VBN
teacher	NN
or	CC
as	IN
a	DT
substitute	NN
teacher	NN
before	IN
getting	VBG
seniority	NN
credit	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
while	IN
a	DT
substitute	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
which	WDT
could	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
regain	VB
permanent	JJ
employment	NN
.	.
As	IN
for	IN
your	PRP$
second	JJ
question	NN
,	,
my	PRP$
office	NN
has	VBZ
for	IN
years	NNS
interpreted	VBN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-10	NNP
to	TO
entitle	VB
a	DT
sick	JJ
employee	NN
payment	NN
of	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
one	CD
and	CC
one-half	JJ
days	NNS
of	IN
personal	JJ
leave	NN
at	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
each	DT
employment	NN
term	NN
even	RB
though	IN
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
present	JJ
at	IN
work	NN
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-7a	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-2-2a	NNP
provides	VBZ
certain	JJ
guarantees	NNS
to	TO
teachers	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
taken	VBN
a	DT
leave	NN
of	IN
absence	NN
lasting	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
year	NN
or	CC
less	JJR
;	:
however	RB
,	,
it	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
forbid	JJ
teachers	NNS
from	IN
bidding	NN
on	IN
other	JJ
assignments	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
leave	NN
of	IN
absence	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
lasted	VBN
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
year	NN
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
teacher	NN
retains	VBZ
the	DT
usual	JJ
professional	JJ
rights	NNS
and	CC
privileges	NNS
among	IN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
compete	VB
for	IN
assignments	NNS
.	.
Her	PRP$
former	JJ
assignment	NN
,	,
though	RB
,	,
is	VBZ
guaranteed	VBN
to	TO
her	PRP$
upon	IN
returning	VBG
within	IN
a	DT
year	NN
's	POS
time	NN
.	.
Personal	JJ
leave	NN
authorized	VBN
by	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-10	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
method	NN
recommended	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Attorney	NNP
General	NNP
although	IN
he	PRP
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
there	EX
could	MD
be	VB
other	JJ
methods	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
read	VB
the	DT
enclosed	VBN
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
's	POS
memorandum	NN
on	IN
this	DT
subject	NN
,	,
written	VBN
February	NNP
8	CD
,	,
1990	CD
,	,
and	CC
its	PRP$
referenced	JJ
opinion	NN
letters	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Attorney	NNP
General	NNP
.1	CD
The	DT
reason	NN
for	IN
these	DT
opinions	NNS
is	VBZ
that	IN
teachers	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
school	NN
employees	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
representing	VBG
themselves	PRP
rather	RB
than	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
system	NN
.	.
This	DT
woman	NN
had	VBD
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
in	IN
counseling	NN
;	:
she	PRP
worked	VBD
at	IN
established	JJ
institutions	NNS
which	WDT
offered	VBD
counseling	NN
;	:
and	CC
her	PRP$
work	NN
was	VBD
,	,
in	IN
fact	NN
,	,
counseling	NN
from	IN
January	NNP
21	CD
,	,
1985	CD
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
I	PRP
agree	VBP
with	IN
you	PRP
that	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
entitled	VBN
to	TO
incremental	JJ
pay	NN
credit	NN
for	IN
this	DT
counseling	NN
experience	NN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
whether	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
''	''
...	:
recognizes	VBZ
teaching	NN
experience	NN
in	IN
private	JJ
schools	NNS
for	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
salary	NN
increment	NN
purposes	NNS
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
teacher	NN
certification	NN
requirements	NNS
;	:
or	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
teacher	NN
retirement	NN
benefits	NNS
.	.
''	''
You	PRP
have	VBP
also	RB
asked	VBN
for	IN
our	PRP$
school	NN
directory	NN
.	.
With	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
teacher	NN
certification	NN
,	,
if	IN
an	DT
individual	NN
has	VBZ
taught	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
school	NN
while	IN
holding	VBG
a	DT
teaching	NN
certificate	NN
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NN
of	IN
Texas	NNP
,	,
then	RB
that	IN
teaching	NN
experience	NN
would	MD
count	VB
toward	IN
satisfaction	NN
of	IN
certification	NN
requirements	NNS
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
\/	NN
18A-4-7a	NN
,	,
the	DT
sixth	JJ
grade	NN
teacher	NN
would	MD
be	VB
transferred	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
school	NN
because	IN
she	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
he	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
the	DT
least	JJS
senior	JJ
grade	NN
level	NN
classroom	NN
teacher	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
second	JJ
grade	NN
teacher	NN
could	MD
be	VB
transferred	VBN
and	CC
reassigned	VBN
without	IN
job	NN
posting	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
sixth	JJ
grade	NN
classroom	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
writing	VBG
in	IN
response	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
question	NN
regarding	VBG
whether	IN
your	PRP$
principal	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
assign	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
teach	VB
one	CD
class	NN
period	NN
of	IN
physical	JJ
education	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
second	JJ
teaching	NN
field	NN
,	,
despite	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
a	DT
full	JJ
time	NN
librarian	NN
for	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
twelve	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
the	DT
library	NN
will	MD
be	VB
staffed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
non-certified	JJ
person	NN
while	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
teaching	VBG
the	DT
physical	JJ
education	NN
class	NN
.	.
That	DT
particular	JJ
code	NN
section	NN
goes	VBZ
on	IN
to	TO
discuss	VB
the	DT
full	JJ
due	JJ
process	NN
rights	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
transferred	VBN
and	CC
of	IN
course	NN
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
satisfied	VBN
with	IN
that	DT
hearing	NN
process	NN
,	,
a	DT
grievance	NN
may	MD
be	VB
filed	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18-29-1	CD
et	FW
seq	FW
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
related	VBN
to	TO
this	DT
office	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
wish	VBP
to	TO
hire	VB
one	CD
principal	NN
and	CC
one	CD
assistant	NN
principal	NN
for	IN
the	DT
facility	NN
instead	RB
of	IN
having	VBG
two	CD
principals	NNS
.	.
Essentially	RB
,	,
the	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
principal	NN
position	NN
and	CC
the	DT
middle	JJ
school	NN
principal	NN
position	NN
will	MD
both	DT
be	VB
eliminated	VBN
.	.
Two	CD
new	JJ
positions	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
created	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
which	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
principal	JJ
and	CC
assistant	JJ
principal	NN
.	.
These	DT
new	JJ
positions	NNS
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
posted	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-7a	NNP
.	.
Principals	NNS
are	VBP
hired	VBN
according	VBG
to	TO
qualifications	NNS
.	.
Seniority	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
dominant	JJ
qualification	NN
unless	IN
the	DT
county	NN
chooses	VBZ
it	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
positions	NNS
are	VBP
posted	VBN
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
can	MD
decide	VB
what	WP
qualifications	NNS
are	VBP
important	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
positions	NNS
.	.
Obviously	RB
,	,
there	EX
would	MD
be	VB
no	DT
other	JJ
persons	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
qualifications	NNS
as	IN
the	DT
two	CD
people	NNS
who	WP
currently	RB
hold	VBP
the	DT
positions	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
;	:
such	JJ
as	IN
experience	NN
working	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
principal	NN
in	IN
a	DT
consolidated	JJ
middle\/high	JJ
school	NN
situation	NN
,	,
experience	NN
working	NN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
facility	NN
with	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
can	MD
decide	VB
which	WDT
qualifications	NNS
are	VBP
important	JJ
when	WRB
hiring	VBG
the	DT
principal	NN
.	.
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
l8-8-4	JJ
prescribes	VBZ
:	:
''	''
...	:
and	CC
if	IN
the	DT
parent	NN
,	,
guardian	NN
or	CC
custodian	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
attendance	NN
director	NN
or	CC
assistant	NN
shall	MD
make	VB
complaint	NN
against	IN
such	JJ
parent	NN
,	,
guardian	NN
or	CC
custodian	NN
before	IN
a	DT
magistrate	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
.	.
If	IN
it	PRP
appears	VBZ
from	IN
the	DT
complaint	NN
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
probable	JJ
cause	NN
to	TO
believe	VB
that	IN
an	DT
offense	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
committed	VBN
and	CC
that	IN
the	DT
accused	VBN
has	VBZ
committed	VBN
it	PRP
,	,
a	DT
warrant	NN
for	IN
the	DT
arrest	NN
of	IN
the	DT
accused	VBN
shall	MD
issue	VB
to	TO
any	DT
officer	NN
authorized	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
to	TO
arrest	VB
persons	NNS
charged	VBN
with	IN
offenses	NNS
against	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
''	''
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Harman\/Frye	NNP
case	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
restrict	VB
the	DT
private	JJ
citizens	NNS
'	POS
opportunity	NN
to	TO
file	VB
complaints	NNS
against	IN
one	CD
another	DT
through	IN
a	DT
magistrate	NN
without	IN
first	JJ
having	VBG
the	DT
complaint	NN
either	CC
evaluated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
prosecuting	VBG
attorney	NN
or	CC
investigated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
law	NN
enforcement	NN
agency	NN
--	:
except	IN
where	WRB
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
specific	JJ
statutory	JJ
exception	NN
--	:
to	TO
see	VB
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
``	``
probable	JJ
cause	NN
.	.
''	''
If	IN
by	IN
``	``
more	JJR
than	IN
ten	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
county	NN
seniority	NN
''	''
you	PRP
mean	VBP
time	NN
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
board	NN
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
administration	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
defined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
fourth	JJ
paragraph	NN
of	IN
\/	CD
18A-4-7a	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
answer	NN
is	VBZ
yes	RB
-	:
if	IN
that	DT
principal	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
least	JJS
senior	JJ
among	IN
the	DT
board	NN
's	POS
principals	NNS
,	,
supervisors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
central	JJ
office	NN
administrators	NNS
.	.
Although	IN
\/	CD
18A-4-7a	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
mention	VB
assistant	JJ
principals	NNS
,	,
assistant	JJ
supervisors	NNS
or	CC
assistant	JJ
central	JJ
office	NN
administrators	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
construe	VBP
this	DT
statute	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
\/	SYM
18A-2-9	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
as	IN
placing	VBG
these	DT
assistants	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
lower	JJR
rung	VBN
of	IN
the	DT
educational	JJ
career	NN
ladder	NN
.	.
Consequently	RB
,	,
they	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
get	VB
a	DT
promotion	NN
by	IN
RIF	NNP
.	.
On	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
hand	NN
,	,
an	DT
employee	NN
from	IN
the	DT
higher	JJR
rung	VBN
could	MD
not	RB
replace	VB
an	DT
employee	NN
on	IN
the	DT
lower	JJR
rung	VBN
who	WP
had	VBD
equal	JJ
or	CC
more	RBR
seniority	NN
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
administration4	NN
because	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
seniority	NN
is	VBZ
administration	NN
,	,
which	WDT
they	PRP
hold	VBP
in	IN
common	JJ
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
if	IN
a	DT
principalship	NN
is	VBZ
abolished	VBN
,	,
the	DT
displaced	VBN
principal	NN
will	MD
replace	VB
the	DT
principal	NN
,	,
supervisor	NN
,	,
or	CC
central	JJ
office	NN
administrator	NN
with	IN
the	DT
least	JJS
amount	NN
of	IN
seniority	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
based	VBN
upon	IN
time	NN
employed	VBN
in	IN
administration	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
This	DT
person	NN
may	MD
or	CC
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
the	DT
least	JJS
senior	JJ
principal	NN
.	.
He\/she	NNP
may	MD
,	,
instead	RB
,	,
be	VB
the	DT
least	JJS
senior	JJ
supervisor	NN
or	CC
central	JJ
office	NN
administrator	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
based	VBN
upon	IN
time	NN
employed	VBN
in	IN
administration	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
In	IN
competition	NN
for	IN
classroom	NN
teaching	NN
positions	NNS
,	,
seniority	NN
is	VBZ
-	:
in	IN
other	JJ
words	NNS
-	:
the	DT
time	NN
one	CD
has	VBZ
been	VBN
professionally	RB
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
board	NN
.	.
Seniority	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
same	JJ
for	IN
all	DT
certified	VBN
or	CC
licensed	VBN
teaching	NN
areas	NNS
regardless	RB
of	IN
when	WRB
the	DT
certificate	NN
or	CC
license	NN
was	VBD
issued	VBN
.	.
Since	IN
the	DT
substitute	NN
was	VBD
working	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
General	NNP
Maintenance	NNP
employee	NN
for	IN
an	DT
extended	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
and	CC
during	IN
the	DT
posting	VBG
period	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
he	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
considered	VBN
next	JJ
in	IN
line	NN
for	IN
the	DT
full	JJ
time	NN
position	NN
or	CC
is	VBZ
the	DT
next	JJ
in	IN
line	NN
the	DT
full	JJ
time	NN
employee	NN
out	IN
of	IN
classification	NN
with	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
seniority	NN
?	.
Consequently	RB
,	,
your	PRP$
posting	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
General	NNP
Maintenance	NNP
position	NN
should	MD
be	VB
awarded	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
full	JJ
time	NN
applicant	NN
with	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
seniority	NN
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
he\/she	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
currently	RB
employed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
classification	NN
of	IN
the	DT
posted	VBN
position	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
advised	VBN
that	IN
whenever	WRB
you	PRP
bid	VBD
on	IN
and	CC
accept	VB
a	DT
position	NN
outside	IN
of	IN
the	DT
classification	NN
wherein	IN
you	PRP
hold	VBP
the	DT
greatest	JJS
seniority	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
at	IN
risk	NN
of	IN
losing	VBG
that	IN
position	NN
in	IN
the	DT
event	NN
of	IN
a	DT
reduction	NN
in	IN
force	NN
in	IN
that	DT
classification	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
in	IN
receipt	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
request	NN
for	IN
information	NN
regarding	VBG
whether	IN
school	NN
bus	NN
operators	NNS
are	VBP
guaranteed	VBN
one	CD
seventh	JJ
of	IN
their	PRP$
total	JJ
daily	JJ
wage	NN
when	WRB
operating	VBG
school	NN
buses	NNS
during	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
when	WRB
a	DT
bus	NN
is	VBZ
leased	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
private	JJ
entity	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
regarding	VBG
your	PRP$
question	NN
.	.
He	PRP
indicated	VBD
that	IN
many	JJ
school	NN
districts	NNS
are	VBP
using	VBG
mechanics	NNS
as	IN
substitutes	NNS
.	.
Consequently	RB
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
prohibition	NN
to	TO
using	VBG
your	PRP$
mechanics	NNS
as	IN
substitute	JJ
bus	NN
drivers	NNS
.	.
For	IN
due	JJ
notification	NN
to	TO
the	DT
mechanics	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
insure	VB
the	DT
agreement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
mechanics	NNS
to	TO
your	PRP$
proposal	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
suggested	VBN
that	IN
you	PRP
include	VBP
the	DT
duties	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
substitute	NN
bus	NN
driver	NN
in	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
of	IN
the	DT
mechanics	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
in	IN
response	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
letter	NN
of	IN
August	NNP
1	CD
,	,
1997	CD
,	,
in	IN
which	WDT
you	PRP
request	VBP
an	DT
interpretation	NN
from	IN
our	PRP$
office	NN
regarding	VBG
individuals	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
previously	RB
been	VBN
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NN
and	CC
who	WP
later	RB
become	VBP
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
as	IN
service	NN
personnel	NNS
.	.
Nothing	NN
in	IN
State	NNP
law	NN
or	CC
policy	NN
permits	NNS
or	CC
prohibits	VBZ
past	JJ
experience	NN
with	IN
the	DT
State	NN
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
pay	NN
purposes	NNS
.	.
Most	JJS
counties	NNS
have	VBP
policies	NNS
in	IN
place	NN
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
such	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
a	DT
county	NN
chooses	VBZ
to	TO
count	VB
this	DT
experience	NN
for	IN
pay	NN
purposes	NNS
for	IN
one	CD
employee	NN
,	,
it	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
consistent	JJ
throughout	IN
the	DT
county	NN
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
all	DT
other	JJ
employees	NNS
in	IN
like	IN
circumstances	NNS
.	.
Upon	IN
the	DT
effective	JJ
date	NN
of	IN
this	DT
section	NN
,	,
no	DT
school	NN
service	NN
personnel	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
permitted	VBN
to	TO
become	VB
employed	VBN
in	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
regular	JJ
full-day	JJ
position	NN
,	,
nor	CC
more	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
one-half	JJ
day	NN
positions	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	DT
nothing	NN
herein	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
construed	VBN
to	TO
prohibit	VB
a	DT
school	NN
service	NN
personnel	NNS
from	IN
holding	VBG
an	DT
extracurricular	JJ
assignment	NN
or	CC
assignments	NNS
,	,
as	IN
provided	VBN
in	IN
section	NN
sixteen	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
18A-4-16	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
,	,
or	CC
summer	NN
positions	NNS
,	,
as	IN
provided	VBN
in	IN
section	NN
thirty-nine	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
18-5-39	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
article	NN
five	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
eighteen	CD
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
,	,
nor	CC
from	IN
performing	VBG
extra-duty	JJ
assignments	NNS
,	,
as	IN
provided	VBN
in	IN
section	NN
eight-b	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
18A-4-8b	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
,	,
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
regular	JJ
position	NN
.	.
Employees	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
been	VBN
employed	VBN
in	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
full-day	JJ
position	NN
or	CC
two	CD
one-half	JJ
day	NN
positions	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
effective	JJ
date	NN
of	IN
this	DT
Code	NNP
section	NN
are	VBP
grandfathered	VBN
in	IN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
full-time	JJ
PAC	NNP
Home	NNP
School	NNP
Coordinator	NNP
has	VBZ
not	RB
maintained	VBN
her	PRP$
employment	NN
as	IN
a	DT
one-half	JJ
day	NN
Substitute	NNP
Secretary	NNP
since	IN
before	IN
the	DT
effective	JJ
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
section	NN
then	RB
she	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
qualify	VB
to	TO
be	VB
grandfathered	VBN
in	IN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
several	JJ
questions	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
substitute	VB
and	CC
regular	JJ
bus	NN
operators	NNS
.	.
Your	PRP$
first	JJ
question	NN
relates	VBZ
to	TO
Code	NNP
18A-4-15	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
,	,
you	PRP
say	VBP
,	,
provides	VBZ
regular	JJ
employee	NN
status	NN
to	TO
substitutes	NNS
after	IN
thirty	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
employment	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
under	IN
certain	JJ
circumstances	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
You	PRP
ask	VBP
whether	IN
,	,
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
achieve	VB
this	DT
regular	JJ
employee	NN
status	NN
,	,
the	DT
service	NN
must	MD
be	VB
for	IN
thirty	CD
consecutive	JJ
days	NNS
without	IN
interruption	NN
and	CC
also	RB
must	MD
be	VB
in	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
substituting	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
one	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
employee	NN
.	.
``	``
To	TO
fill	VB
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
service	NN
employee	NN
on	IN
leave	NN
of	IN
absence	NN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
that	IN
if	IN
such	JJ
leave	NN
of	IN
absence	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
extend	VB
beyond	IN
thirty	CD
days	NNS
,	,
the	DT
board	NN
,	,
within	IN
twenty	CD
working	VBG
days	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
commencement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
leave	NN
of	IN
absence	NN
,	,
shall	MD
give	VB
regular	JJ
employee	NN
status	NN
to	TO
a	DT
person	NN
hired	VBD
to	TO
fill	VB
such	JJ
position	NN
...	:
The	DT
substitute	NN
shall	MD
hold	VB
such	JJ
position	NN
and	CC
regular	JJ
employee	NN
status	NN
only	RB
until	IN
the	DT
regular	JJ
employee	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
returned	VBN
to	TO
such	JJ
position	NN
...	:
''	''
``	``
To	TO
fill	VB
the	DT
vacancy	NN
created	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
employee	NN
's	POS
suspension	NN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
that	IN
if	IN
the	DT
suspension	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
thirty	CD
working	VBG
days	NNS
,	,
the	DT
substitute	NN
...	:
shall	MD
be	VB
assigned	VBN
to	TO
fill	VB
the	DT
vacancy	NN
on	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
basis	NN
...	:
until	IN
such	JJ
termination	NN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
becomes	VBZ
final	JJ
.	.
''	''
This	DT
language	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
seem	VB
to	TO
require	VB
that	IN
the	DT
substitute	NN
work	NN
thirty	CD
consecutive	JJ
days	NNS
to	TO
obtain	VB
the	DT
regular	JJ
status	NN
;	:
rather	RB
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
leave	NN
of	IN
absence	NN
or	CC
suspension	NN
extend	VBP
beyond	IN
thirty	CD
working	VBG
days	NNS
,	,
as	IN
the	DT
case	NN
may	MD
be	VB
.	.
This	DT
language	NN
also	RB
necessarily	RB
implies	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
substitute	NN
is	VBZ
replacing	VBG
a	DT
single	JJ
employee	NN
,	,
who	WP
is	VBZ
either	RB
on	IN
leave	NN
of	IN
absence	NN
or	CC
suspension	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
second	JJ
question	NN
is	VBZ
:	:
Some	DT
bus	NN
operators	NNS
after	IN
working	VBG
their	PRP$
regular	JJ
bus	NN
runs	NNS
must	MD
transport	VB
students	NNS
from	IN
their	PRP$
regular	JJ
schools	NNS
to	TO
vocational	JJ
school	NN
,	,
then	RB
wait	VB
until	IN
after	IN
their	PRP$
classes	NNS
to	TO
return	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
their	PRP$
regular	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
Should	MD
these	DT
drivers	NNS
be	VB
paid	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
curricular	JJ
run	NN
since	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
beyond	IN
their	PRP$
regular	JJ
run	NN
?	.
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
Professional	NNP
personnel	NNS
who	WP
held	VBD
temporary	JJ
service	NN
personnel	NNS
jobs	NNS
or	CC
positions	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
ninth	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
June	NNP
,	,
one	CD
thousand	CD
nine	CD
hundred	CD
eighty-two	CD
,	,
and	CC
who	WP
apply	VBP
only	RB
for	IN
such	JJ
temporary	JJ
jobs	NNS
or	CC
positions	NNS
;	:
...	:
''	''
We	PRP
agree	VBP
with	IN
you	PRP
that	IN
substitute	NN
work	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
necessarily	RB
the	DT
equivalent	NN
of	IN
temporary	JJ
employment	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
recognized	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
rank	NN
order	NN
hiring	VBG
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Code	NNP
18A-4-8b	NNP
in	IN
that	IN
the	DT
category	NN
``	``
substitute	JJ
service	NN
personnel	NNS
''	''
is	VBZ
expressly	RB
designated	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
different	JJ
category	NN
than	IN
``	``
professional	JJ
personnel	NNS
who	WP
held	VBD
temporary	JJ
service	NN
personnel	NNS
jobs	NNS
...	:
''	''
Further	RB
,	,
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
overlaps	NNS
and	CC
conflicts	NNS
mentioned	VBN
above	IN
,	,
we	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
think	VB
it	PRP
likely	JJ
that	IN
an	DT
employee	NN
could	MD
receive	VB
two	CD
full	JJ
days	NNS
of	IN
pay	NN
for	IN
one	CD
school	NN
day	NN
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
likely	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
appropriate	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
a	DT
teacher-substitute	JJ
bus	NN
operator	NN
for	IN
time	NN
not	RB
worked	VBD
.	.
Please	VB
refer	VB
to	TO
my	PRP$
enclosed	VBN
November	NNP
30	CD
,	,
1992	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
32	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
letter	NN
written	VBN
to	TO
William	NNP
K.	NNP
Grizzell	NNP
.	.
A	DT
regular	JJ
service	NN
employee	NN
assigned	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
building	NN
or	CC
working	VBG
station	NN
as	IN
an	DT
absent	JJ
service	NN
employee	NN
of	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
classification	NN
category	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
is	VBZ
entitled	VBN
to	TO
substitute	VB
for	IN
the	DT
absent	JJ
employee	NN
,	,
and	CC
this	DT
substituting	VBG
regular	JJ
employee	NN
's	POS
place	NN
is	VBZ
filled	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
substitute	JJ
service	NN
employee	NN
.	.
See	VB
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-15	NNP
.	.
Yes	UH
.	.
A	DT
substitute	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
called	VBN
before	RB
a	DT
regular	JJ
driver	NN
assigned	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
building	NN
or	CC
working	VBG
station	NN
is	VBZ
called	VBN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
bus	NN
operators	NNS
,	,
the	DT
expression	NN
``	``
employed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
building	NN
or	CC
working	VBG
station	NN
as	IN
the	DT
absent	JJ
employee	NN
''	''
means	VBZ
bus	NN
depot	NN
or	CC
garage	NN
.	.
\*	SYM
A	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
Code	NNP
18A-4-15	NNP
is	VBZ
enclosed	VBN
.	.
``	``
If	IN
an	DT
employee	NN
,	,
hired	VBD
to	TO
transport	VB
special	JJ
education	NN
students	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
mid-day	JJ
run	NN
,	,
fails	VBZ
to	TO
notify	VB
his	PRP$
immediate	JJ
supervisor	NN
that	IN
the	DT
need	NN
no	RB
longer	RB
exists	VBZ
-LRB-	-LRB-
i.e.	FW
no	DT
students	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
but	CC
continues	VBZ
to	TO
report	VB
the	DT
daily	JJ
time	NN
,	,
does	VBZ
the	DT
county	NN
have	VBP
any	DT
legal	JJ
recourse	NN
to	TO
recoup	VB
the	DT
wages	NNS
paid	VBN
for	IN
no	DT
service	NN
?	.
''	''
The	DT
employee	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
contract	NN
to	TO
work	VB
and	CC
,	,
therefore	RB
,	,
is	VBZ
entitled	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
assigned	VBN
work	NN
;	:
however	RB
,	,
the	DT
employee	NN
should	MD
have	VB
told	VBN
the	DT
board	NN
that	WDT
another	DT
assignment	NN
was	VBD
needed	VBN
when	WRB
no	DT
more	JJR
special	JJ
education	NN
students	NNS
were	VBD
available	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
mid-day	JJ
run	NN
.	.
This	DT
could	MD
be	VB
a	DT
case	NN
of	IN
wilful	JJ
neglect	NN
of	IN
duty	NN
or	CC
,	,
perhaps	RB
,	,
insubordination	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
a	DT
disciplinary	JJ
proceeding	NN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-8	NNP
appears	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
the	DT
way	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
this	DT
bus	NN
operator	NN
owes	VBZ
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
any	DT
money	NN
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-5b	NNP
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
hand	NN
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
get	VB
work	VB
experience	NN
pay	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
college	NN
secretarial	JJ
work	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
personnel	NNS
policy	NN
matter	NN
for	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
;	:
however	RB
,	,
it	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
uniform	JJ
in	IN
granting	VBG
supplementary	JJ
salary	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
classification	NN
categories	NNS
of	IN
service	NN
employees	NNS
.	.
No.	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
of	IN
school	NN
's	POS
secretary	NN
must	MD
,	,
according	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
class	NN
title	NN
definition	NN
of	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18A-4-8	NNP
,	,
be	VB
an	DT
executive	NN
secretary	NN
,	,
and	CC
so	RB
must	MD
any	DT
other	JJ
''	''
...	:
secretary	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
assigned	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
position	NN
characterized	VBN
by	IN
significant	JJ
administrative	JJ
duties	NNS
,	,
...	:
''	''
according	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
definition	NN
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
by	IN
either	DT
process	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
RIF	NNP
process	NN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
,	,
then	RB
these	DT
cafeteria	NN
managers	NNS
simply	RB
would	MD
fill	VB
actual	JJ
vacancies	NNS
in	IN
Cook	NNP
III	NNP
positions	NNS
or	CC
actual	JJ
vacancies	NNS
in	IN
other	JJ
positions	NNS
which	WDT
they	PRP
previously	RB
held	VBD
.	.
They	PRP
could	MD
,	,
though	RB
,	,
refuse	VBP
them	PRP
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
transfer	NN
and	CC
reassignment	NN
law1	CD
is	VBZ
used	VBN
,	,
then	RB
these	DT
cafeteria	NN
managers	NNS
will	MD
bid	VB
on	IN
actual	JJ
vacancies	NNS
and	CC
on	IN
jobs	NNS
made	VBN
vacant	JJ
by	IN
listing	VBG
service	NN
personnel	NNS
for	IN
transfer	NN
which	WDT
they	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
have	VB
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
because	IN
service	NN
personnel	NNS
are	VBP
entitled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
law	NN
cited	VBD
in	IN
your	PRP$
question	NN
to	TO
special	JJ
compensation	NN
for	IN
``	``
the	DT
removal	NN
of	IN
asbestos	NN
material	NN
or	CC
related	VBN
duties	NNS
required	VBN
for	IN
asbestos	NN
removal	NN
.	.
''	''
Although	IN
``	``
related	JJ
duties	NNS
''	''
and	CC
``	``
the	DT
removal	NN
of	IN
asbestos	NN
material	NN
''	''
are	VBP
distinguished	VBN
by	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
l8A-4-8a	NN
from	IN
the	DT
U.	NNP
S.	NNP
Environmental	NNP
Protection	NNP
Act	NNP
training	NN
required	VBN
for	IN
licensure	NN
to	TO
remove	VB
asbestos	NN
,	,
this	DT
training	NN
necessarily	RB
involves	VBZ
the	DT
trainee	NN
in	IN
removal	NN
of	IN
asbestos	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
duties	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
that	DT
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
18-5-13a	JJ
and	CC
Policy	NN
6204	CD
when	WRB
eliminating	VBG
an	DT
alternative	JJ
school	NN
program	NN
provided	VBN
on	IN
an	DT
alternate	JJ
site	NN
.	.
More	RBR
specifically	RB
,	,
is	VBZ
it	PRP
contemplated	VBD
that	IN
school	NN
closing	NN
hearings	NNS
be	VB
required	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
change	NN
in	IN
program	NN
options	NNS
available	JJ
under	IN
Policy	NNP
2418	CD
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
building	NN
,	,
known	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
Alternate	NNP
Education	NNP
Center	NNP
,	,
7-12	CD
students	NNS
remain	VBP
affiliated	VBN
with	IN
their	PRP$
home	NN
schools	NNS
during	IN
their	PRP$
temporary	JJ
stays	NNS
in	IN
all	DT
respects	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
WVEIS	NNP
reporting	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
administered	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
principal	NN
.	.
The	DT
statute	NN
goes	VBZ
on	IN
to	TO
set	VB
forth	RB
very	RB
detailed	JJ
actions	NNS
that	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
must	MD
take	VB
in	RP
order	NN
to	TO
accomplish	VB
a	DT
school	NN
closing	NN
or	CC
consolidation	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
clear	JJ
language	NN
of	IN
the	DT
statute	NN
carves	VBZ
out	RP
an	DT
exception	NN
for	IN
those	DT
instances	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
a	DT
construction	NN
bond	NN
that	WDT
specifically	RB
included	VBD
the	DT
schools	NNS
the	DT
county	NN
proposed	VBN
to	TO
close	VB
or	CC
consolidate	VB
was	VBD
passed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
voters	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
because	IN
the	DT
citizens	NNS
of	IN
Taylor	NNP
County	NNP
already	RB
have	VBP
passed	VBN
a	DT
construction	NN
bond	NN
which	WDT
explicitly	RB
provided	VBD
for	IN
the	DT
building	NN
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
elementary	JJ
school	NN
to	TO
replace	VB
Pruntytown	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
and	CC
Hepzibah	NNP
Elementary	NNP
School	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Taylor	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
will	MD
not	RB
have	VB
to	TO
take	VB
the	DT
actions	NNS
otherwise	RB
required	VBN
by	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18-5-13a	JJ
.	.
Policy	NN
6204	CD
,	,
School	NNP
Closings	NNPS
or	CC
Consolidations	NNPS
,	,
requires	VBZ
in	IN
2.1.1	CD
that	IN
the	DT
supporting	VBG
data	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
be	VB
available	JJ
for	IN
public	JJ
inspection	NN
during	IN
the	DT
thirty	CD
days	NNS
preceding	VBG
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
hearing	NN
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
in	IN
2.3	CD
further	JJ
states	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
notice	NN
for	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
hearing	NN
be	VB
provided	VBN
at	IN
least	JJS
thirty	CD
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
hearing	NN
.	.
Is	VBZ
the	DT
thirty	CD
days	NNS
requirement	NN
thirty	CD
calendar	NN
days	NNS
or	CC
thirty	CD
school	NN
days	NNS
?	.
In	IN
computing	VBG
any	DT
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
prescribed	VBN
or	CC
allowed	VBN
by	IN
these	DT
rules	NNS
,	,
by	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
rules	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
court	NN
,	,
by	IN
order	NN
of	IN
court	NN
,	,
or	CC
by	IN
an	DT
applicable	JJ
statute	NN
,	,
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
act	NN
,	,
event	NN
,	,
or	CC
default	NN
from	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
designated	VBN
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
begins	VBZ
to	TO
run	VB
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
included	VBN
.	.
The	DT
last	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
period	NN
so	RB
computed	JJ
shall	MD
be	VB
included	VBN
unless	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Saturday	NNP
,	,
a	DT
Sunday	NNP
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
event	NN
the	DT
period	NN
runs	VBZ
until	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
day	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
Saturday	NNP
,	,
a	DT
Sunday	NNP
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
.	.
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
was	VBD
considering	VBG
altering	VBG
the	DT
grade	NN
configurations	NNS
in	IN
two	CD
schools	NNS
.	.
To	TO
that	DT
end	NN
,	,
you	PRP
asked	VBD
whether	IN
the	DT
action	NN
of	IN
reconfigurating	VBG
the	DT
grades	NNS
at	IN
Cool	NNP
Springs	NNP
from	IN
head	NN
start	NN
to	TO
second	JJ
grade	NN
and	CC
Summers	NNP
Elementary	NNP
from	IN
third	JJ
grade	NN
to	TO
fifth	JJ
grade	NN
would	MD
constitute	VB
school	NN
closings	NNS
.	.
If	IN
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
the	DT
board	NN
shall	MD
ascertain	VB
that	IN
any	DT
building	NN
or	CC
any	DT
land	NN
no	RB
longer	RB
shall	MD
be	VB
needed	VBN
for	IN
school	NN
purposes	NNS
,	,
the	DT
board	NN
may	MD
sell	VB
,	,
dismantle	VB
,	,
remove	VB
or	CC
relocate	VB
any	DT
such	JJ
buildings	NNS
and	CC
sell	VB
the	DT
land	NN
on	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
are	VBP
located	VBN
at	IN
public	JJ
auction	NN
,	,
after	IN
proper	JJ
notice	NN
,	,
and	CC
on	IN
such	JJ
terms	NNS
as	IN
it	PRP
orders	NNS
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
highest	JJS
responsible	JJ
bidder	NN
...	:
The	DT
board	NN
by	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
method	NN
prescribed	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
sale	NN
of	IN
school	NN
buildings	NNS
and	CC
lands	NNS
,	,
may	MD
also	RB
lease	VB
for	IN
oil	NN
or	CC
gas	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
minerals	NNS
any	DT
lands	NNS
or	CC
school	NN
sites	NNS
owned	VBN
in	IN
fee	NN
by	IN
it	PRP
...	:
Provided	VBN
further	RB
,	,
That	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
section	NN
concerning	VBG
sale	NN
at	IN
public	JJ
auction	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
apply	VB
to	TO
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
selling	NN
or	CC
disposing	VBG
of	IN
its	PRP$
property	NN
for	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
use	NN
to	TO
the	DT
state	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
or	CC
its	PRP$
political	JJ
subdivisions	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
county	NN
commissions	NNS
or	CC
divisions	NNS
thereof	RB
,	,
for	IN
an	DT
adequate	JJ
consideration	NN
without	IN
considering	VBG
alone	RB
the	DT
present	JJ
commercial	JJ
or	CC
market	NN
value	NN
of	IN
the	DT
property	NN
...	:
It	PRP
appears	VBZ
that	IN
this	DT
section	NN
provides	VBZ
the	DT
exclusive	JJ
method	NN
for	IN
disposing	VBG
of	IN
property	NN
no	RB
longer	RB
needed	VBN
for	IN
school	NN
purposes	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
further	RB
appears	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
statute	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
provide	VB
for	IN
the	DT
lease	NN
of	IN
school	NN
property	NN
except	IN
where	WRB
the	DT
lease	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
extracting	VBG
oil	NN
or	CC
gas	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
minerals	NNS
on	IN
property	NN
owned	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
.	.
It	PRP
further	RB
appears	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
statute	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
contemplate	VB
sale	NN
of	IN
board	NN
-	:
owned	VBN
property	NN
to	TO
private	JJ
entities	NNS
,	,
whether	IN
for-profit	JJ
or	CC
not	RB
.	.
Enclosed	VBN
is	VBZ
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
a	DT
1974	CD
interpretation	NN
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
issues	NNS
you	PRP
raise	VBP
.	.
``	``
How	WRB
can	MD
the	DT
county	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
egally	RB
close	RB
three	CD
schools	NNS
in	IN
favor	NN
of	IN
a	DT
consolidated	JJ
high	JJ
school	NN
where	WRB
new	JJ
buildings	NNS
were	VBD
built	VBN
with	IN
bond	NN
levy	NN
money	NN
and	CC
that	IN
particular	JJ
bond	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
retired	VBN
?	.
''	''
Decisions	NNS
about	IN
closing	NN
,	,
consolidation	NN
and	CC
merger	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
are	VBP
within	IN
the	DT
authority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
make	VB
--	:
subject	JJ
to	TO
approval	NN
by	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
Please	VB
refer	VB
to	TO
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18-5-13	CD
and	CC
13a	CD
.	.
A	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
letter	NN
will	MD
be	VB
put	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
file	NN
so	IN
that	IN
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
as	IN
this	DT
matter	NN
is	VBZ
reviewed	VBN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
:	:
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Whereas	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Pendleton	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
is	VBZ
planning	VBG
to	TO
sell	VB
a	DT
building	NN
which	WDT
serves	VBZ
as	IN
an	DT
annex	NN
to	TO
the	DT
central	JJ
office	NN
,	,
...	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
may	MD
it	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
sell	VB
this	DT
facility	NN
through	IN
a	DT
sealed	VBN
bid	NN
process	NN
after	IN
due	JJ
notice	NN
or	CC
must	MD
the	DT
sale	NN
be	VB
made	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
courthouse	NN
steps	NNS
through	IN
public	JJ
auction	NN
?	.
''	''
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
is	VBZ
only	RB
required	VBN
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
experience	NN
increment	NN
effective	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
purchase	NN
provided	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
notifies	VBZ
the	DT
board	NN
that	IN
the	DT
purchase	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
made	VBN
.	.
To	TO
do	VB
otherwise	RB
would	MD
unfairly	RB
disadvantage	NN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
which	WDT
must	MD
operate	VB
on	IN
a	DT
projected	VBN
yearly	JJ
budget	NN
that	WDT
does	VBZ
not	RB
contemplate	VB
providing	VBG
back	JJ
pay	NN
for	IN
the	DT
purchase	NN
of	IN
experience	NN
increments	NNS
by	IN
employees	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
act	VBP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
predicated	VBN
on	IN
any	DT
wrongdoing	NN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
the	DT
employment	NN
term	NN
,	,
any	DT
full-time	JJ
employee	NN
of	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
entitled	VBN
annually	RB
to	TO
at	IN
least	JJS
one	CD
and	CC
one-half	JJ
days	NNS
personal	JJ
leave	NN
for	IN
each	DT
employment	NN
month	NN
or	CC
major	JJ
fraction	NN
thereof	RB
in	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
's	POS
employment	NN
term	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Emphasis	NN
added	VBD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
while	IN
participation	NN
in	IN
a	DT
sabbatical	JJ
leave	NN
program	NN
is	VBZ
optional	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
if	IN
a	DT
county	NN
does	VBZ
adopt	VB
a	DT
sabbatical	NN
leave	VBP
policy	NN
,	,
any	DT
teacher	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
approved	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
sabbatical	NN
leave	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
deemed	VBN
a	DT
full-time	JJ
employee	NN
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
accruing	VBG
a	DT
year	NN
of	IN
regular	JJ
seniority	NN
within	IN
the	DT
county	NN
,	,
a	DT
year	NN
of	IN
experience	NN
for	IN
salary	NN
purposes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
year	NN
of	IN
credit	NN
toward	IN
participation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
teachers	NNS
retirement	NN
system	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
county	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
adopted	VBN
a	DT
sabbatical	NN
leave	VBP
policy	NN
and	CC
a	DT
teacher	NN
merely	RB
requests	NNS
a	DT
leave	NN
of	IN
absence	NN
to	TO
complete	VB
an	DT
advanced	JJ
degree	NN
,	,
the	DT
county	NN
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
bound	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
18-2-11	CD
and	CC
Policy	NNP
5530	CD
.	.
Rather	RB
,	,
the	DT
rights	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
will	MD
be	VB
governed	VBN
by	IN
other	JJ
applicable	JJ
sections	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
.	.
When	WRB
a	DT
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
charge	VB
parents	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
children	NNS
's	POS
participation	NN
in	IN
public	JJ
education	NN
,	,
the	DT
board	NN
bears	VBZ
a	DT
heavy	JJ
burden	NN
in	IN
rebutting	VBG
this	DT
constitutionally	RB
based	VBN
presumption	NN
.	.
Syl	NNP
.	.
Pt	NNP
.	.
3	LS
.	.
Whatever	WDT
items	NNS
are	VBP
deemed	VBN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
accomplish	VB
the	DT
goals	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
school	NN
system	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
in	IN
fact	NN
an	DT
integral	JJ
fundamental	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
elementary	JJ
and	CC
secondary	JJ
education	NN
must	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
free	JJ
of	IN
charge	NN
to	TO
all	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
constitutional	JJ
mandate	NN
of	IN
a	DT
free	JJ
school	NN
system	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
Section	NNP
1	CD
of	IN
Article	NNP
XII	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Constitution	NNP
.	.
Syl	NNP
.	.
Pt	NNP
.	.
7	CD
.	.
The	DT
critical	JJ
inquiry	NN
is	VBZ
whether	IN
the	DT
specialized	VBN
instructional	JJ
supplies	NNS
,	,
field	NN
trips	NNS
,	,
clubs	NNS
or	CC
band	NN
instruments	NNS
are	VBP
necessary	JJ
for	IN
use	NN
in	IN
the	DT
required	JJ
curriculum	NN
.	.
The	DT
required	JJ
curriculum	NN
includes	VBZ
both	DT
required	JJ
courses	NNS
and	CC
electives	NNS
required	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
particular	JJ
career	NN
cluster	NN
.	.
Each	DT
item	NN
should	MD
be	VB
examined	VBN
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
the	DT
it	PRP
amounts	VBZ
to	TO
a	DT
portion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
required	JJ
curriculum	NN
,	,
that	WDT
is	VBZ
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
meeting	VBG
some	DT
content	JJ
standard	NN
or	CC
objective	NN
for	IN
example	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
item	NN
or	CC
activity	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
portion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
required	JJ
curriculum	NN
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
students	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
charged	VBN
a	DT
fee	NN
for	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
.	.
Each	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
shall	MD
control	VB
funds	NNS
allotted	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
from	IN
legislative	JJ
appropriations	NNS
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
section	NN
nine	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
18-9A-9	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
article	NN
nine-a	NN
of	IN
this	DT
chapter	NN
.	.
From	IN
such	JJ
funds	NNS
,	,
each	DT
classroom	NN
teacher	NN
and	CC
librarian	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
allotted	JJ
fifty	JJ
dollars	NNS
for	IN
expenditure	NN
during	IN
the	DT
instructional	JJ
year	NN
for	IN
academic	JJ
materials	NNS
,	,
supplies	NNS
or	CC
equipment	NN
which	WDT
in	IN
the	DT
judgment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
or	CC
librarian	NN
will	MD
assist	VB
him	PRP
or	CC
her	PRP$
in	IN
providing	VBG
instruction	NN
in	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
assigned	VBN
academic	JJ
subjects	NNS
,	,
or	CC
shall	MD
be	VB
returned	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	DT
nothing	NN
contained	VBD
herein	RB
shall	MD
prohibit	VB
such	JJ
funds	NNS
from	IN
being	VBG
used	VBN
for	IN
programs	NNS
and	CC
materials	NNS
that	IN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
opinion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
,	,
enhance	VB
student	NN
behavior	NN
,	,
increase	NN
academic	JJ
achievement	NN
,	,
improve	VB
self-esteem	NN
and	CC
address	VB
the	DT
problems	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
at-risk	JJ
.	.
The	DT
remainder	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
expended	VBN
for	IN
academic	JJ
materials	NNS
,	,
supplies	NNS
or	CC
equipment	NN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
a	DT
budget	NN
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
correct	JJ
in	IN
your	PRP$
assumption	NN
that	IN
the	DT
limitations	NNS
placed	VBN
upon	IN
faculty	NN
senate	NN
funds	NNS
in	IN
subsection	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
part	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
do	VBP
not	RB
relate	VB
to	TO
those	DT
funds	NNS
mentioned	VBN
in	IN
subsection	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
10	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Subsection	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
relates	VBZ
to	TO
funds	NNS
which	WDT
have	VBP
been	VBN
appropriated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
.	.
Subsection	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
10	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
relates	VBZ
to	TO
other	JJ
funds	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
in	IN
response	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
request	NN
for	IN
an	DT
interpretation	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
payment	NN
of	IN
Workers	NNS
?	.
Compensation	NNP
benefits	NNS
.	.
Specifically	RB
,	,
you	PRP
ask	VBP
if	IN
the	DT
county	NN
should	MD
adjust	VB
the	DT
salary	NN
of	IN
an	DT
employee	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
receiving	VBG
benefits	NNS
from	IN
Workers	NNS
?	.
The	DT
answer	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
question	NN
is	VBZ
yes	RB
.	.
The	DT
employee	NN
should	MD
not	RB
receive	VB
benefits	NNS
for	IN
weekends	NNS
if	IN
those	DT
days	NNS
were	VBD
not	RB
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
work	NN
week	NN
or	CC
a	DT
holiday	NN
.	.
Please	VB
refer	VB
to	TO
the	DT
enclosed	VBN
interpretation	NN
from	IN
our	PRP$
office	NN
dated	VBN
April	NNP
12	CD
,	,
1990	CD
,	,
for	IN
further	JJ
guidance	NN
on	IN
the	DT
payment	NN
of	IN
Workers	NNS
?	.
Compensation	NNP
benefits	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
whether	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
can	MD
compensate	VB
its	PRP$
president	NN
for	IN
wages	NNS
lost	VBD
due	JJ
to	TO
her	PRP$
attendance	NN
at	IN
a	DT
trial	NN
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
request	NN
of	IN
an	DT
insurance	NN
carrier	NN
,	,
because	IN
the	DT
board	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
party	NN
defendant	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18-5-4	CD
does	VBZ
authorize	VB
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
its	PRP$
president	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
member	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
traveling	VBG
expenses	NNS
incurred	VBN
on	IN
official	JJ
board	NN
business	NN
;	:
so	RB
,	,
the	DT
board	NN
could	MD
pay	VB
Mrs.	NNP
Sherensky	NNP
's	POS
traveling	VBG
expenses	NNS
resulting	VBG
from	IN
her	PRP$
participation	NN
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
in	IN
the	DT
trial	NN
.	.
``	``
Members	NNS
shall	MD
also	RB
be	VB
paid	VBN
,	,
upon	IN
the	DT
presentation	NN
of	IN
an	DT
itemized	VBN
sworn	VBN
statement	NN
,	,
for	IN
all	DT
necessary	JJ
traveling	VBG
expenses	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
all	DT
authorized	VBN
meetings	NNS
,	,
incurred	VBN
on	IN
official	JJ
business	NN
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
order	NN
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
.	.
''	''
It	PRP
can	MD
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
the	DT
underpayment	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
the	DT
employee	NN
's	POS
fault	NN
,	,
then	RB
it	PRP
should	MD
.	.
For	IN
further	JJ
information	NN
,	,
please	VB
find	VB
enclosed	VBN
my	PRP$
letter	NN
of	IN
December	NNP
12	CD
,	,
1990	CD
,	,
on	IN
this	DT
subject	NN
.	.
An	DT
underpaid	JJ
employee	NN
is	VBZ
entitled	VBN
to	TO
recover	VB
an	DT
underpayment	NN
ordinarily	RB
.	.
You	PRP
should	MD
receive	VB
some	DT
money	NN
from	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
either	CC
directly	RB
from	IN
its	PRP$
treasury	NN
or	CC
indirectly	RB
out	IN
of	IN
quasi-public	JJ
funds	NNS
conserved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
reasonable	JJ
administrative	JJ
needs	NNS
because	IN
a	DT
faculty	NN
senate	NN
is	VBZ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
's	POS
administrative	JJ
apparatus	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Cf	NN
.	.
Second	JJ
from	IN
last	JJ
paragraph	NN
on	IN
page	NN
4	CD
of	IN
the	DT
referenced	VBN
memo	NN
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
Therefore	RB
,	,
I	PRP
recommend	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
request	VBP
reimbursement	NN
from	IN
the	DT
board	NN
,	,
upon	IN
itemized	VBN
,	,
sworn	VBN
statements	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
necessary	JJ
expenses	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
matter	NN
of	IN
school	NN
policy	NN
or	CC
policy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
Changes	NNS
in	IN
such	JJ
policy	NN
should	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
by	IN
your	PRP$
local	JJ
school	NN
improvement	NN
council	NN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18-5A-2	NNP
and	CC
3	CD
,	,
or	CC
else	RB
by	IN
request	NN
to	TO
the	DT
board	NN
or	CC
principal	JJ
directly	RB
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
while	IN
it	PRP
does	VBZ
seem	VB
clear	JJ
that	IN
your	PRP$
school	NN
funds	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
purchase	VB
meal	NN
tickets	NNS
for	IN
any	DT
of	IN
your	PRP$
employees	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
clear	JJ
whether	IN
your	PRP$
school	NN
funds	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
purchase	VB
individual	JJ
Chamber	NNP
memberships	NNS
for	IN
your	PRP$
employees	NNS
.	.
The	DT
July	NNP
12	CD
,	,
2001	CD
,	,
Advisory	NNP
Opinion	NNP
addresses	VBZ
only	RB
memberships	NNS
for	IN
Boards	NNS
of	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
discuss	VB
individual	JJ
memberships	NNS
for	IN
employees	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
asked	VBN
,	,
''	''
...	:
why	WRB
the	DT
voice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
ca	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
heard	VBN
...	:
''	''
as	IN
help	NN
from	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Government	NNP
with	IN
your	PRP$
social	JJ
studies	NNS
project	NN
whose	WP$
title	NN
is	VBZ
:	:
``	``
Why	WRB
ca	MD
n't	RB
the	DT
voice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
be	VB
heard	VBN
on	IN
prayers	NNS
in	IN
schools	NNS
?	.
''	''
There	EX
are	VBP
several	JJ
avenues	NNS
for	IN
``	``
the	DT
voice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
heard	VBN
.	.
''	''
One	CD
is	VBZ
by	IN
amendment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Constitution	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
initiated	VBN
by	IN
Congress	NNP
;	:
another	DT
is	VBZ
by	IN
constitutional	JJ
amendment	NN
initiated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
States	NNPS
.	.
In	IN
these	DT
cases	NNS
you	PRP
could	MD
ask	VB
a	DT
Member	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Congress	NNP
or	CC
a	DT
State	NN
Legislator	NN
to	TO
introduce	VB
a	DT
resolution	NN
proposing	VBG
the	DT
constitutional	JJ
amendment	NN
.	.
A	DT
fourth	JJ
avenue	NN
,	,
somewhat	RB
different	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
rest	NN
,	,
yet	RB
a	DT
remote	JJ
possibility	NN
,	,
would	MD
be	VB
to	TO
ask	VB
the	DT
Congress	NNP
through	IN
one	CD
of	IN
your	PRP$
Congressmen	NNS
to	TO
remove	VB
religion	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Supreme	NNP
Court	NNP
's	POS
jurisdiction	NN
.	.
Jurisprudence1	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
support	VB
this	DT
,	,
however	RB
,	,
because	IN
our	PRP$
third	JJ
Chief	NNP
Justice	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
John	NNP
Marshall	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
convinced	JJ
us	PRP
that	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Supreme	NNP
Court	NNP
had	VBD
inherent2	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
decide	VB
upon	IN
the	DT
constitutionality	NN
of	IN
Federal	NNP
laws	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Fourteenth	NNP
Amendment	NNP
has	VBZ
extended	VBN
this	DT
assumed	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
State	NNP
laws	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
Some	DT
body	NN
should	MD
settle	VB
constitutional	JJ
questions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
our	PRP$
country	NN
we	PRP
normally3	VBP
have	VB
accepted	VBN
the	DT
Supreme	NNP
Court	NNP
as	IN
that	DT
body	NN
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
am	VBP
requesting	VBG
a	DT
legal	JJ
interpretation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
following	NN
.	.
Is	VBZ
it	PRP
legal	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
permit	VB
parent	NN
volunteers	NNS
to	TO
ride	VB
a	DT
school	NN
bus	NN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
where	WRB
they	PRP
perform	VBP
volunteer	NN
services	NNS
?	.
If	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
permissible	JJ
,	,
is	VBZ
this	DT
a	DT
practice	NN
you	PRP
would	MD
favor	VB
?	.
''	''
If	IN
our	PRP$
senate	NN
needs	VBZ
information	NN
or	CC
wishes	VBZ
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
recommendation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
local	JJ
superintendent	NN
,	,
local	JJ
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
someone	NN
at	IN
the	DT
state	NN
level	NN
,	,
may	MD
we	PRP
choose	VB
someone	NN
from	IN
the	DT
group	NN
to	TO
represent	VB
us	PRP
in	IN
writing	VBG
letters	NNS
or	CC
making	VBG
phone	NN
calls	NNS
or	CC
must	MD
we	PRP
go	VB
through	IN
the	DT
principal	NN
?	.
Statutory	JJ
law	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
answer	VB
any	DT
of	IN
these	DT
questions	NNS
although	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18-20-2	CD
is	VBZ
helpful	JJ
.	.
Nevertheless	RB
,	,
since	IN
a	DT
student	NN
can	MD
be	VB
transported	VBN
by	IN
public	JJ
school	NN
bus	NN
to	TO
and	CC
from	IN
school	NN
,1	CD
and	CC
since	IN
parents	NNS
can	MD
volunteer	VB
their	PRP$
services2	NN
,	,
statutory	JJ
law	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
appear	VB
to	TO
forbid	VB
any	DT
of	IN
these	DT
proposals	NNS
either	CC
.	.
The	DT
Marshall	NNP
County	NNP
E-911	NNP
Board	NNP
is	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
updating	VBG
their	PRP$
by-laws	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
considering	VBG
a	DT
quorum	NN
provision	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
allow	VB
business	NN
to	TO
be	VB
conducted	VBN
by	IN
less	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
voting	NN
members	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Jefferson	NNP
County	NNP
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
wants	VBZ
to	TO
determine	VB
if	IN
individual	JJ
Commissioners	NNS
may	MD
send	VB
proposals	NNS
to	TO
staff	NN
via	IN
electronic	JJ
mail	NN
to	TO
be	VB
forwarded	VBN
to	TO
all	DT
Commission	NNP
Members	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Examples	NNS
of	IN
draft	NN
documents	NNS
that	WDT
would	MD
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
process	NN
are	VBP
by-laws	NNS
,	,
budgets	NNS
,	,
policies	NNS
,	,
correspondence	NN
,	,
and	CC
corrections	NNS
to	TO
minutes	NNS
.	.
Commissioners	NNS
would	MD
not	RB
respond	VB
to	TO
these	DT
documents	NNS
until	IN
a	DT
properly	RB
noticed	VBN
meeting	NN
and	CC
copies	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
such	JJ
material	NN
would	MD
be	VB
on	IN
file	NN
and	CC
available	JJ
for	IN
public	JJ
inspection	NN
.	.
Members	NNS
may	MD
send	VB
information	NN
to	TO
the	DT
office	NN
,	,
for	IN
immediate	JJ
forwarding	NN
to	TO
all	DT
Planning	NNP
Commissioners	NNPS
,	,
electronically	RB
or	CC
otherwise	RB
,	,
between	IN
meetings	NNS
,	,
but	CC
may	MD
not	RB
reply	VB
about	IN
anything	NN
that	WDT
could	MD
result	VB
in	IN
an	DT
official	JJ
action	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
materials	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
filed	VBN
and	CC
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
immediately	RB
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
hereby	NN
finds	VBZ
and	CC
declares	VBZ
that	IN
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
in	IN
this	DT
state	NN
exist	VBP
for	IN
the	DT
singular	JJ
purpose	NN
of	IN
representing	VBG
citizens	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
state	NN
in	IN
governmental	JJ
affairs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
,	,
therefore	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
interests	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
state	NN
for	IN
the	DT
proceedings	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
be	VB
conducted	VBN
openly	RB
,	,
with	IN
only	RB
a	DT
few	JJ
clearly	RB
defined	VBN
exceptions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
hereby	NN
further	RB
finds	VBZ
and	CC
declares	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
citizens	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
state	NN
do	VBP
not	RB
yield	VB
their	PRP$
sovereignty	NN
to	TO
the	DT
governmental	JJ
agencies	NNS
that	WDT
serve	VBP
them	PRP
.	.
The	DT
people	NNS
in	IN
delegating	VBG
authority	NN
do	VBP
not	RB
give	VB
their	PRP$
public	JJ
servants	NNS
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
decide	VB
what	WP
is	VBZ
good	JJ
for	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
know	VB
and	CC
what	WP
is	VBZ
not	RB
good	JJ
for	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
know	VB
.	.
The	DT
people	NNS
insist	VBP
on	IN
remaining	VBG
informed	VBN
so	RB
that	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
retain	VB
control	NN
over	IN
the	DT
instruments	NNS
of	IN
government	NN
created	VBN
by	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Open	NNP
government	NN
allows	VBZ
the	DT
public	NN
to	TO
educate	VB
itself	PRP
about	IN
government	NN
decisionmaking	VBG
through	IN
individuals	NNS
?	.
attendance	NN
and	CC
participation	NN
at	IN
government	NN
functions	NNS
,	,
distribution	NN
of	IN
government	NN
information	NN
by	IN
the	DT
press	NN
or	CC
interested	JJ
citizens	NNS
,	,
and	CC
public	JJ
debate	NN
on	IN
issues	NNS
deliberated	VBD
within	IN
the	DT
government	NN
.	.
Public	NNP
access	NN
to	TO
information	NN
promotes	VBZ
attendance	NN
at	IN
meetings	NNS
,	,
improves	VBZ
planning	NN
of	IN
meetings	NNS
,	,
and	CC
encourages	VBZ
more	RBR
thorough	JJ
preparation	NN
and	CC
complete	JJ
discussion	NN
of	IN
issues	NNS
by	IN
participating	VBG
officials	NNS
.	.
The	DT
government	NN
also	RB
benefits	VBZ
from	IN
openness	NN
because	IN
better	JJR
preparation	NN
and	CC
public	JJ
input	NN
allow	VB
government	NN
agencies	NNS
to	TO
gauge	VB
public	JJ
preferences	NNS
accurately	RB
and	CC
thereby	RB
tailor	VB
their	PRP$
actions	NNS
and	CC
policies	NNS
more	RBR
closely	RB
to	TO
public	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
Public	NNP
confidence	NN
and	CC
understanding	NN
ease	NN
potential	JJ
resistance	NN
to	TO
government	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
the	DT
benefits	NNS
of	IN
openness	NN
inure	NN
to	TO
both	DT
the	DT
public	JJ
affected	VBN
by	IN
governmental	JJ
decisionmaking	NN
and	CC
the	DT
decision	NN
makers	NNS
themselves	PRP
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
finds	VBZ
,	,
however	RB
,	,
that	IN
openness	NN
,	,
public	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
information	NN
and	CC
a	DT
desire	NN
to	TO
improve	VB
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
government	NN
do	VBP
not	RB
require	VB
nor	CC
permit	VB
every	DT
meeting	NN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
public	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
unrealistic	JJ
,	,
if	IN
not	RB
impossible	JJ
,	,
to	TO
carry	VB
on	IN
the	DT
business	NN
of	IN
government	NN
should	MD
every	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
every	DT
contact	NN
and	CC
every	DT
discussion	NN
seeking	VBG
advice	NN
and	CC
counsel	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
acquire	VB
the	DT
necessary	JJ
information	NN
,	,
data	NNS
or	CC
intelligence	NN
needed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
were	VBD
required	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
public	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
intent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
to	TO
balance	VB
these	DT
interests	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
allow	VB
government	NN
to	TO
function	VB
and	CC
the	DT
public	NN
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
a	DT
meaningful	JJ
manner	NN
in	IN
public	JJ
agency	NN
decisionmaking	VBG
.	.
Nonetheless	RB
,	,
this	DT
Committee	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
not	RB
all	DT
communication	NN
between	IN
or	CC
among	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
of	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
will	MD
take	VB
place	NN
in	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
a	DT
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
open	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
the	DT
media	NNS
.	.
In	IN
an	DT
earlier	JJR
,	,
non-precedential	JJ
opinion	NN
,	,
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Advisory	NNP
Opinion	NNP
2000-07	CD
,	,
this	DT
Committee	NNP
authorized	VBD
members	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
City	NNP
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
to	TO
receive	VB
copies	NNS
of	IN
proposed	VBN
plans	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
,	,
so	RB
each	DT
member	NN
would	MD
have	VB
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
review	VB
the	DT
plans	NNS
in	IN
preparation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Except	IN
as	IN
expressly	RB
and	CC
specifically	RB
otherwise	RB
provided	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
,	,
whether	IN
heretofore	NN
or	CC
hereinafter	NN
enacted	VBN
,	,
and	CC
except	IN
as	IN
provided	VBN
in	IN
section	NN
four	CD
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
,	,
all	DT
meetings	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
open	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
Any	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
may	MD
make	VB
and	CC
enforce	VB
reasonable	JJ
rules	NNS
for	IN
attendance	NN
and	CC
presentation	NN
at	IN
any	DT
meeting	NN
where	WRB
there	EX
is	VBZ
not	RB
room	NN
enough	RB
for	IN
all	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
public	NN
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
attend	VB
.	.
This	DT
article	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
prohibit	VB
the	DT
removal	NN
from	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
of	IN
any	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
public	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
disrupting	VBG
the	DT
meeting	NN
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
that	IN
orderly	JJ
conduct	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
compromised	VBN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
that	IN
persons	NNS
who	WP
desire	VBP
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
register	VB
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
body	NN
more	RBR
than	IN
fifteen	CD
minutes	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
time	NN
the	DT
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
commence	VB
.	.
This	DT
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
concluded	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
establishes	VBZ
only	RB
one	CD
specific	JJ
limitation	NN
on	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
periods	NNS
-	:
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
permitted	VBN
to	TO
require	VB
participants	NNS
to	TO
sign	VB
up	RP
more	JJR
than	IN
fifteen	CD
minutes	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
start	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
as	IN
a	DT
condition	NN
for	IN
participating	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
comment	NN
period	NN
.	.
This	DT
Committee	NNP
may	MD
approve	VB
other	JJ
specific	JJ
limitations	NNS
on	IN
public	JJ
comments	NNS
,	,
if	IN
such	JJ
restrictions	NNS
are	VBP
reasonable	JJ
.	.
In	IN
any	DT
event	NN
,	,
this	DT
Committee	NNP
concludes	VBZ
that	IN
a	DT
three-minute	JJ
time	NN
limit	NN
on	IN
public	JJ
presentations	NNS
during	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
or	CC
special	JJ
meeting	NN
of	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
is	VBZ
reasonable	JJ
.	.
However	RB
,	,
this	DT
Committee	NNP
recommends	VBZ
that	IN
any	DT
agency	NN
adopting	VBG
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
for	IN
conducting	VBG
its	PRP$
meetings	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
rules	NNS
include	VBP
time	NN
limits	NNS
on	IN
presentations	NNS
,	,
should	MD
further	RB
provide	VB
a	DT
mechanism	NN
for	IN
extending	VBG
those	DT
time	NN
limits	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
concurrence	NN
of	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
by	IN
unanimous	JJ
consent	NN
or	CC
majority	NN
rule	NN
.	.
Any	DT
meeting	NN
of	IN
any	DT
political	JJ
party	NN
executive	NN
committee	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
only	RB
after	IN
public	JJ
notice	NN
and	CC
notice	NN
to	TO
each	DT
member	NN
is	VBZ
given	VBN
according	VBG
to	TO
party	NN
rules	NNS
and	CC
shall	MD
be	VB
open	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
members	NNS
affiliated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
party	NN
.	.
Meetings	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
conducted	VBN
according	VBG
to	TO
party	NN
rules	NNS
,	,
all	DT
official	JJ
actions	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
by	IN
voice	NN
vote	NN
and	CC
minutes	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
maintained	VBN
and	CC
shall	MD
be	VB
open	JJ
to	TO
inspection	NN
by	IN
members	NNS
affiliated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
party	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
resident	NN
of	IN
Berkeley	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
holds	VBZ
an	DT
appointment	NN
as	IN
a	DT
Notary	NNP
Public	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
is	VBZ
seeking	VBG
a	DT
formal	JJ
advisory	JJ
opinion	NN
whether	IN
the	DT
Berkeley	NNP
County	NNP
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
is	VBZ
conducting	VBG
its	PRP$
meetings	NNS
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
in	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
certain	JJ
policies	NNS
and	CC
practices	NNS
which	WDT
he	PRP
describes	VBZ
in	IN
his	PRP$
request	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Berkeley	NNP
County	NNP
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
nor	CC
has	VBZ
he	PRP
been	VBN
authorized	VBN
to	TO
act	VB
as	IN
their	PRP$
agent	NN
.	.
Each	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
shall	MD
provide	VB
for	IN
the	DT
preparation	NN
of	IN
written	VBN
minutes	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
its	PRP$
meetings	NNS
.	.
Subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
exceptions	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
section	NN
four	CD
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
,	,
minutes	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
meetings	NNS
except	IN
executive	JJ
sessions	NNS
,	,
if	IN
any	DT
are	VBP
taken	VBN
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
within	IN
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
time	NN
after	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
...	:
The	DT
Braxton	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
posts	NNS
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
each	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
on	IN
the	DT
front	JJ
door	NN
of	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Courthouse	NN
.	.
A	DT
local	JJ
radio	NN
station	NN
has	VBZ
complained	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
issue	VB
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
via	IN
telephone	NN
facsimile	NN
.	.
Governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
agendas	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
meetings	NNS
to	TO
news	NN
media	NNS
who	WP
regularly	RB
cover	VBP
or	CC
report	VBP
those	DT
meetings	NNS
.	.
Agendas	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
distributed	VBN
by	IN
mail	NN
,	,
telephone	NN
facsimile	NN
or	CC
E-mail	NN
,	,
or	CC
they	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
on	IN
an	DT
Internet	NNP
website	NN
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
has	VBZ
established	VBN
a	DT
presence	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Internet	NNP
.	.
However	RB
,	,
failure	NN
to	TO
send	VB
a	DT
notice	NN
to	TO
a	DT
particular	JJ
newspaper	NN
,	,
radio	NN
or	CC
television	NN
station	NN
should	MD
not	RB
invalidate	VB
an	DT
otherwise	RB
proper	JJ
public	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
the	DT
Braxton	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
while	IN
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
routinely	RB
send	VB
its	PRP$
meeting	NN
agendas	NNS
to	TO
local	JJ
news	NN
media	NNS
,	,
may	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
by	IN
posting	VBG
the	DT
agenda	NN
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
location	NN
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
courthouse	NN
during	IN
normal	JJ
business	NN
hours	NNS
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
business	NN
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
each	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Pocahontas	NNP
County	NNP
Schools	NNP
asks	VBZ
if	IN
his	PRP$
service	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
organization	NN
requires	VBZ
that	IN
organization	NN
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
.	.
Pocahontas	NNP
Woods	NNP
,	,
established	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
,	,
non-profit	JJ
corporation	NN
,	,
has	VBZ
adopted	VBN
by-laws	NNS
which	WDT
specify	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
School	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
or	CC
his	PRP$
alternate	JJ
representing	VBG
the	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
will	MD
serve	VB
as	IN
one	CD
of	IN
its	PRP$
voting	NN
members	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Superintendent	NNP
is	VBZ
concerned	JJ
whether	IN
his	PRP$
status	NN
as	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
prohibits	VBZ
him	PRP
from	IN
attending	VBG
private	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
or	CC
converts	VBZ
the	DT
corporation	NN
into	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
subject	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
.	.
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Council	NNP
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
verify	VB
whether	IN
a	DT
subordinate	JJ
board	NN
can	MD
meet	VB
to	TO
discuss	VB
the	DT
qualifications	NNS
of	IN
applicants	NNS
for	IN
employment	NN
without	IN
giving	VBG
notice	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
meeting	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
the	DT
Council	NNP
wants	VBZ
to	TO
know	VB
what	WP
steps	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
rectify	VB
a	DT
situation	NN
where	WRB
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
conducts	VBZ
a	DT
meeting	NN
that	WDT
does	VBZ
not	RB
conform	VB
to	TO
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
but	CC
,	,
nonetheless	RB
,	,
official	JJ
action	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
taken	VBN
on	IN
matters	NNS
that	WDT
were	VBD
previously	RB
addressed	VBN
during	IN
such	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Council	NNP
request	NN
explains	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
of	IN
a	DT
subordinate	JJ
municipal	JJ
agency	NN
went	VBD
into	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
at	IN
a	DT
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
the	DT
hiring	NN
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
employee	NN
.	.
The	DT
meeting	NN
adjourned	VBN
after	IN
the	DT
conclusion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
without	IN
a	DT
vote	NN
being	VBG
taken	VBN
or	CC
a	DT
decision	NN
made	VBN
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
members	NNS
subsequently	RB
gathered	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
office	NN
at	IN
another	DT
location	NN
where	WRB
they	PRP
continued	VBD
to	TO
discuss	VB
the	DT
qualifications	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
applicants	NNS
for	IN
an	DT
available	JJ
position	NN
.	.
During	IN
this	DT
subsequent	JJ
gathering	NN
,	,
the	DT
participants	NNS
reached	VBD
a	DT
consensus	NN
on	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
applicant	NN
and	CC
submitted	VBD
their	PRP$
recommendation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Mayor	NNP
and	CC
Council	NNP
without	IN
conducting	VBG
a	DT
properly	RB
noticed	VBN
open	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
,	,
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
met	VBD
again	RB
in	IN
a	DT
properly	RB
noticed	VBN
meeting	NN
where	WRB
the	DT
employment	NN
question	NN
was	VBD
discussed	VBN
.	.
Following	VBG
public	JJ
discussion	NN
on	IN
this	DT
matter	NN
,	,
the	DT
board	NN
voted	VBD
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
personnel	NNS
recommendation	NN
.	.
The	DT
circuit	NN
court	NN
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
where	WRB
the	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
regularly	RB
meets	VBZ
has	VBZ
jurisdiction	NN
to	TO
enforce	VB
this	DT
article	NN
...	:
The	DT
court	NN
is	VBZ
empowered	VBN
to	TO
compel	VB
compliance	NN
or	CC
enjoin	VB
noncompliance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
and	CC
to	TO
annul	VB
a	DT
decision	NN
made	VBN
in	IN
violation	NN
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
.	.
An	DT
injunction	NN
may	MD
also	RB
order	VB
that	DT
subsequent	JJ
actions	NNS
be	VB
taken	VBN
or	CC
decisions	NNS
be	VB
made	VBN
in	IN
conformity	NN
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
...	:
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
or	CC
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
acts	NNS
or	CC
omissions	NNS
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
determined	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
violation	NN
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
for	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
to	TO
hold	VB
a	DT
private	JJ
meeting	NN
with	IN
the	DT
intention	NN
of	IN
transacting	VBG
public	JJ
business	NN
,	,
thwarting	VBG
public	JJ
scrutiny	NN
and	CC
making	VBG
decisions	NNS
that	WDT
eventually	RB
become	VBP
official	JJ
action	NN
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
generally	RB
requires	VBZ
that	IN
governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
provide	VBP
reasonable	JJ
advance	NN
notice	NN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
meeting	NN
where	WRB
a	DT
quorum	NN
of	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
will	MD
be	VB
present	JJ
and	CC
where	WRB
matters	NNS
requiring	VBG
official	JJ
action	NN
will	MD
be	VB
decided	VBN
or	CC
discussed	VBN
.	.
Personnel	NNP
matters	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
determining	VBG
the	DT
best	JJS
applicant	NN
to	TO
fill	VB
a	DT
vacant	JJ
position	NN
,	,
may	MD
be	VB
discussed	VBN
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
,	,
but	CC
each	DT
such	JJ
session	NN
must	MD
be	VB
initiated	VBN
and	CC
concluded	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
context	NN
of	IN
a	DT
properly	RB
noticed	VBN
open	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Members	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
who	WP
knowingly	RB
and	CC
intentionally	RB
conduct	VB
a	DT
meeting	NN
in	IN
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
are	VBP
subject	JJ
to	TO
criminal	JJ
prosecution	NN
.	.
Any	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
,	,
even	RB
an	DT
inadvertent	JJ
failure	NN
to	TO
issue	VB
an	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
a	DT
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
,	,
may	MD
generate	VB
a	DT
legal	JJ
action	NN
requiring	VBG
rescission	NN
of	IN
official	JJ
action	NN
taken	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
.	.
The	DT
Tygarts	NNP
Valley	NNP
Conservation	NNP
District	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
TVCD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
asks	VBZ
if	IN
its	PRP$
standing	NN
committees	NNS
are	VBP
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
and	CC
,	,
if	IN
so	RB
,	,
what	WP
meeting	NN
notice	NN
requirements	NNS
should	MD
these	DT
committees	NNS
follow	VBP
.	.
This	DT
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
determined	VBN
that	IN
a	DT
standing	NN
committee	NN
or	CC
subcommittee	NN
of	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
,	,
consisting	VBG
of	IN
two	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
members	NNS
,	,
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
to	TO
formulate	VB
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
agency	NN
as	IN
a	DT
whole	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
of	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
,	,
and	CC
each	DT
committee	NN
or	CC
subcommittee	NN
must	MD
conduct	VB
its	PRP$
meetings	NNS
in	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
standing	VBG
committees	NNS
established	VBN
by	IN
TVCD	NNP
must	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
.	.
Meeting	VBG
Notice	NNP
-	:
Regular	JJ
Meetings	NNS
A	DT
TVCD	JJ
committee	NN
which	WDT
meets	VBZ
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
a	DT
fixed	VBN
schedule	NN
may	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
requirement	NN
by	IN
posting	VBG
notice	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
meeting	NN
schedule	NN
annually	RB
,	,
and	CC
keeping	VBG
this	DT
notice	NN
posted	VBD
throughout	IN
the	DT
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
schedule	NN
should	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
place	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
accessible	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
during	IN
normal	JJ
business	NN
hours	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
TVCD	NNP
office	NN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
Notice	NNP
-	:
Special	JJ
Meetings	NNS
Meetings	NNS
of	IN
TVCD	NNP
committees	NNS
which	WDT
do	VBP
not	RB
follow	VB
a	DT
regular	JJ
schedule	NN
are	VBP
considered	VBN
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
Such	JJ
TVCD	NNP
committees	NNS
will	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
if	IN
they	PRP
post	VBP
notice	NN
of	IN
each	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
date	NN
.	.
Notices	NNS
of	IN
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
must	MD
include	VB
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
and	CC
,	,
unlike	IN
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
notices	NNS
,	,
must	MD
explain	VB
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
At	IN
a	DT
minimum	NN
,	,
this	DT
notice	NN
should	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
place	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
accessible	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
during	IN
normal	JJ
business	NN
hours	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
TVCD	NNP
office	NN
.	.
In	IN
counting	VBG
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
in	IN
any	DT
two	CD
or	CC
three-day	JJ
notice	NN
period	NN
described	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
opinion	NN
,	,
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
,	,
are	VBP
excluded	VBN
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
an	DT
intervening	VBG
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
,	,
a	DT
TVCD	NNP
committee	NN
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
issuing	VBG
notice	NN
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
to	TO
be	VB
held	VBN
on	IN
Thursday	NNP
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
before	IN
the	DT
close	NN
of	IN
business	NN
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Tuesday	NNP
.	.
Meeting	VBG
Agenda	NNP
-	:
Special	JJ
Meetings	NNS
In	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
where	WRB
only	RB
one	CD
or	CC
two	CD
matters	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
addressed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
,	,
these	DT
matters	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
described	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
statement	NN
within	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
,	,
and	CC
no	DT
separate	JJ
agenda	NN
will	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
will	MD
deal	VB
with	IN
several	JJ
matters	NNS
,	,
a	DT
separate	JJ
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
should	MD
be	VB
prepared	VBN
and	CC
made	VBN
available	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
,	,
as	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
Agenda	NNP
-	:
Regular	JJ
Meetings	NNS
A	DT
TVCD	JJ
committee	NN
which	WDT
meets	VBZ
no	RB
more	RBR
frequently	RB
than	IN
every	DT
two	CD
weeks	NNS
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
if	IN
it	PRP
makes	VBZ
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
each	DT
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
,	,
by	IN
posting	VBG
the	DT
agenda	NN
in	IN
an	DT
appropriate	JJ
public	JJ
space	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
TVCD	NNP
office	NN
,	,
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
having	VBG
copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
picked	VBN
up	RP
in	IN
that	DT
same	JJ
building	NN
during	IN
normal	JJ
business	NN
hours	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
a	DT
TVCD	NNP
committee	NN
has	VBZ
made	VBN
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
three	CD
days	NNS
or	CC
more	JJR
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
,	,
at	IN
its	PRP$
option	NN
,	,
amend	VB
the	DT
agenda	NN
to	TO
add	VB
additional	JJ
items	NNS
of	IN
business	NN
-	:
items	NNS
not	RB
known	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
was	VBD
prepared	VBN
and	CC
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
Amendments	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
as	IN
late	JJ
as	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
made	VBD
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
no	DT
amendment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
less	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
unless	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
matter	NN
.	.
Routine	JJ
matters	NNS
that	WDT
come	VBP
up	RP
after	IN
the	DT
deadline	NN
for	IN
issuing	VBG
an	DT
amendment	NN
has	VBZ
passed	VBN
must	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
over	IN
to	TO
the	DT
next	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
If	IN
an	DT
agenda	NN
is	VBZ
amended	VBN
to	TO
accommodate	VB
action	NN
on	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
matter	NN
,	,
both	CC
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
and	CC
the	DT
meeting	NN
minutes	NNS
must	MD
explain	VB
the	DT
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
.	.
If	IN
committee	NN
meetings	NNS
are	VBP
routinely	RB
covered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
news	NN
media	NNS
,	,
providing	VBG
such	JJ
media	NNS
organizations	NNS
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
or	CC
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
notice	NN
and	CC
agenda	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
when	WRB
applicable	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
notice	NN
or	CC
agenda	NN
is	VBZ
posted	VBN
,	,
by	IN
telephone	NN
facsimile	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
encouraged	VBN
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
required	VBN
.	.
Any	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
may	MD
,	,
in	IN
its	PRP$
discretion	NN
,	,
publicize	VB
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
of	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
or	CC
a	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
through	IN
a	DT
newspaper	NN
advertisement	NN
or	CC
broadcast	NN
media	NNS
announcement	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
mandate	VB
any	DT
such	JJ
publication	NN
or	CC
announcement	NN
to	TO
supplement	VB
the	DT
notice	NN
provisions	NNS
previously	RB
explained	VBD
in	IN
this	DT
opinion	NN
.	.
HCWVCC	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
corporation	NN
created	VBN
by	IN
state	NN
or	CC
local	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
carry	VB
out	RP
a	DT
governmental	JJ
function	NN
.	.
It	PRP
exists	VBZ
independent	JJ
of	IN
state	NN
authorization	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Committee	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
public	JJ
corporation	NN
and	CC
,	,
therefore	RB
,	,
is	VBZ
not	RB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
A	DT
Preston	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Member	NNP
seeks	VBZ
clarification	NN
regarding	VBG
executive	JJ
sessions	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
asks	VBZ
if	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
requires	VBZ
that	IN
specific	JJ
individuals	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
being	VBG
discussed	VBN
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
,	,
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
personnel	NNS
exemption	NN
,	,
be	VB
provided	VBN
advance	NN
notice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
requires	VBZ
that	IN
,	,
before	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
individual	NN
may	MD
be	VB
discussed	VBN
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
under	IN
the	DT
personnel	NNS
exemption	NN
,	,
that	IN
person	NN
be	VB
given	VBN
advance	NN
notice	NN
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
may	MD
go	VB
into	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
a	DT
matter	NN
involving	VBG
them	PRP
which	WDT
is	VBZ
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
.	.
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	IN
if	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
,	,
in	IN
good	JJ
faith	NN
,	,
determines	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
size	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
room	NN
is	VBZ
such	JJ
that	IN
all	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
present	NN
and	CC
the	DT
equipment	NN
and	CC
personnel	NNS
necessary	JJ
for	IN
broadcasting	NN
,	,
photographing	VBG
,	,
filming	VBG
and	CC
tape-recording	VBG
the	DT
meeting	NN
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
accommodated	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
room	NN
without	IN
unduly	RB
interfering	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
and	CC
an	DT
adequate	JJ
alternative	NN
meeting	NN
room	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
readily	RB
available	JJ
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
,	,
acting	VBG
in	IN
good	JJ
faith	NN
and	CC
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
purposes	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
,	,
may	MD
require	VB
the	DT
pooling	VBG
of	IN
the	DT
equipment	NN
and	CC
the	DT
personnel	NNS
operating	VBG
it	PRP
.	.
A	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
is	VBZ
only	RB
permitted	VBN
to	TO
regulate	VB
the	DT
placement	NN
and	CC
use	NN
of	IN
recording	VBG
equipment	NN
in	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
meeting	NN
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
prevent	VB
undue	JJ
interference	NN
with	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
because	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
grants	NNS
governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
discretion	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
minutes	NNS
of	IN
executive	JJ
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
kept	VBN
,	,
governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
have	VBP
similar	JJ
discretion	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
who	WP
,	,
if	IN
anyone	NN
,	,
may	MD
be	VB
permitted	VBN
to	TO
record	VB
any	DT
portion	NN
of	IN
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
requires	VBZ
governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
to	TO
give	VB
advance	NN
notice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
where	WRB
a	DT
meeting	NN
will	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
provision	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
regarding	VBG
cancellation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
the	DT
question	NN
of	IN
who	WP
has	VBZ
authority	NN
to	TO
call	VB
,	,
postpone	VB
or	CC
cancel	VB
a	DT
meeting	NN
of	IN
a	DT
municipal	JJ
governing	VBG
body	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
addressed	VBN
anywhere	RB
in	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
That	DT
issue	NN
is	VBZ
governed	VBN
by	IN
general	JJ
municipal	JJ
law	NN
.	.
The	DT
EQB	NNP
appointed	VBD
a	DT
committee	NN
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
technical	JJ
review	NN
team	NN
for	IN
this	DT
project	NN
.	.
The	DT
committee	NN
will	MD
consist	VB
of	IN
one	CD
representative	NN
from	IN
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
Environmental	NNP
Protection	NNP
Agency	NNP
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Environmental	NNP
Protection	NNP
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Division	NNP
of	IN
Natural	NNP
Resources	NNPS
,	,
the	DT
aluminum	NN
industry	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
environmental	JJ
community	NN
.	.
An	DT
EQB	NN
member	NN
will	MD
chair	NN
this	DT
committee	NN
.	.
Initially	RB
,	,
the	DT
committee	NN
will	MD
review	VB
and	CC
approve	VB
a	DT
request	NN
for	IN
proposal	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
RFP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
which	WDT
defines	VBZ
the	DT
scope	NN
of	IN
the	DT
aluminum	NN
study	NN
.	.
The	DT
approved	VBN
RFP	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
sent	VBN
to	TO
vendors	NNS
whose	WP$
proposals	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
committee	NN
for	IN
evaluation	NN
.	.
The	DT
committee	NN
will	MD
then	RB
review	VB
vendors	NNS
?	.
proposals	NNS
and	CC
recommend	VB
four	CD
finalists	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
selected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
industry	NN
group	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
funding	VBG
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
study	NN
.	.
Once	RB
a	DT
vendor	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
selected	VBN
to	TO
conduct	VB
the	DT
study	NN
,	,
the	DT
committee	NN
will	MD
be	VB
expanded	VBN
to	TO
review	VB
and	CC
monitor	VB
the	DT
data	NNS
collection	NN
and	CC
analysis	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
to	TO
provide	VB
guidance	NN
and	CC
direction	NN
to	TO
the	DT
vendor	NN
.	.
Because	IN
student	NN
disciplinary	JJ
issues	NNS
may	MD
arise	VB
between	IN
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
board	NN
,	,
a	DT
meeting	NN
called	VBN
specially	RB
to	TO
address	VB
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
student	NN
disciplinary	JJ
issues	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
This	DT
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
determined	VBN
that	IN
two	CD
business	NN
days	NNS
?	.
notice	NN
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
not	RB
counting	VBG
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
or	CC
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
provides	VBZ
reasonable	JJ
notice	NN
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
by	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
the	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
may	MD
be	VB
amended	VBN
up	RP
to	TO
two	CD
business	NN
days	NNS
before	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
to	TO
add	VB
a	DT
student	NN
disciplinary	JJ
matter	NN
for	IN
consideration	NN
.	.
This	DT
portion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
would	MD
provide	VB
an	DT
opportunity	NN
for	IN
any	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
to	TO
ask	VB
questions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Superintendent	NNP
concerning	VBG
any	DT
matter	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
system	NN
.	.
No	DT
action	NN
will	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
on	IN
these	DT
items	NNS
.	.
Discussion	NN
will	MD
be	VB
limited	VBN
to	TO
gathering	VBG
information	NN
regarding	VBG
items	NNS
of	IN
interest	NN
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
requires	VBZ
governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
to	TO
notify	VB
the	DT
public	NN
when	WRB
and	CC
where	WRB
a	DT
meeting	NN
will	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
an	DT
agenda	NN
listing	VBG
the	DT
matters	NNS
which	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
dealt	VBN
with	IN
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
the	DT
media	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Should	MD
a	DT
dialogue	NN
between	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
Superintendent	NNP
develop	VBP
an	DT
issue	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
require	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	DT
matter	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
listed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
limited	VBN
to	TO
discussing	VBG
whether	IN
official	JJ
action	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
determines	VBZ
that	IN
official	JJ
action	NN
will	MD
be	VB
required	VBN
,	,
the	DT
matter	NN
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
a	DT
subsequent	JJ
meeting	NN
where	WRB
it	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
discussed	VBN
and	CC
decided	VBN
,	,
unless	IN
it	PRP
involves	VBZ
an	DT
emergency	NN
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
permits	VBZ
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
to	TO
act	VB
on	IN
emergencies	NNS
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
action	NN
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
during	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
less	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
quorum	NN
of	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
may	MD
discuss	VB
issues	NNS
of	IN
interest	NN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
to	TO
examine	VB
the	DT
language	NN
and	CC
history	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
no	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Supreme	NNP
Court	NNP
decisions	NNS
directly	RB
addressing	VBG
the	DT
issue	NN
presented	VBN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
McComas	NNP
v.	CC
Board	NNP
of	IN
Educ.	NNP
,	,
197	CD
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
188	CD
,	,
475	CD
S.E.	NNP
2d	CD
280	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
1996	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
Court	NNP
held	VBD
in	IN
relevant	JJ
part	NN
that	IN
if	IN
a	DT
quorum	NN
of	IN
school	NN
board	NN
members	NNS
meet	VBP
with	IN
school	NN
administrators	NNS
to	TO
discuss	VB
matters	NNS
pending	VBG
before	IN
the	DT
board	NN
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
gathering	NN
constitutes	VBZ
a	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Court	NNP
did	VBD
not	RB
answer	VB
the	DT
question	NN
posed	VBD
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
subsequent	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
McComas	NNPS
opinion	NN
,	,
the	DT
definition	NN
of	IN
meeting	NN
was	VBD
amended	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
unrealistic	JJ
,	,
if	IN
not	RB
impossible	JJ
,	,
to	TO
carry	VB
on	IN
the	DT
business	NN
of	IN
government	NN
should	MD
every	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
every	DT
contact	NN
and	CC
every	DT
discussion	NN
seeking	VBG
advice	NN
and	CC
counsel	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
acquire	VB
the	DT
necessary	JJ
information	NN
,	,
data	NNS
or	CC
intelligence	NN
needed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
were	VBD
required	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
public	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
intent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
to	TO
balance	VB
these	DT
interests	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
allow	VB
government	NN
to	TO
function	VB
and	CC
the	DT
public	NN
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
a	DT
meaningful	JJ
manner	NN
in	IN
public	JJ
agency	NN
decision	NN
making	VBG
.	.
However	RB
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
instances	NNS
when	WRB
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
communications	NNS
by	IN
less	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
quorum	NN
would	MD
violate	VB
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
For	IN
instance	NN
,	,
public	JJ
officials	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
in	IN
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
is	VBZ
they	PRP
use	VBP
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
communications	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
intended	JJ
purpose	NN
of	IN
a	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
collectively	RB
predetermining	VBG
the	DT
outcome	NN
on	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
pending	VBG
before	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
body	NN
.	.
The	DT
Committee	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
this	DT
action	NN
would	MD
constitute	VB
a	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Further	RB
such	PDT
a	DT
practice	NN
would	MD
violate	VB
the	DT
spirit	NN
and	CC
intent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
requires	VBZ
each	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
to	TO
promulgate	VB
certain	JJ
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
minimum	NN
,	,
these	DT
rules	NNS
must	MD
state	VB
how	WRB
and	CC
when	WRB
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
and	CC
agenda	NN
of	IN
all	DT
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
and	CC
purpose	NN
of	IN
all	DT
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
news	NN
media	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
affords	VBZ
broad	JJ
discretion	NN
to	TO
governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
in	IN
determining	VBG
what	WP
matters	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
may	MD
adopt	VB
reasonable	JJ
procedures	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
time	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
information	NN
requirements	NNS
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
followed	VBN
by	IN
persons	NNS
seeking	VBG
to	TO
have	VB
an	DT
item	NN
included	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
an	DT
upcoming	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
addendum	NN
also	RB
clarifies	VBZ
that	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
addressed	VBD
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
comment	NN
period	NN
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
discussed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
,	,
unless	IN
such	JJ
matter	NN
is	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
matter	NN
involves	VBZ
an	DT
emergency	NN
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
action	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
,	,
as	IN
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
.	.
This	DT
provision	NN
is	VBZ
consistent	JJ
with	IN
previous	JJ
opinions	NNS
by	IN
this	DT
Committee	NNP
which	WDT
recognize	VBP
that	IN
citizens	NNS
participating	VBG
in	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
periods	NNS
,	,
where	WRB
permitted	VBN
,	,
may	MD
raise	VB
matters	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
not	RB
listed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
.	.
In	IN
such	JJ
circumstances	NNS
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
involves	VBZ
an	DT
emergency	NN
,	,
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
must	MD
defer	VB
any	DT
discussion	NN
or	CC
decision	NN
to	TO
a	DT
subsequent	JJ
meeting	NN
where	WRB
that	DT
particular	JJ
matter	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
.	.
None	NN
of	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
addendum	NN
are	VBP
inconsistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
.	.
As	IN
noted	VBN
in	IN
our	PRP$
previous	JJ
opinion	NN
,	,
Committee	NNP
approval	NN
of	IN
this	DT
language	NN
governing	VBG
emergency	NN
situations	NNS
does	VBZ
not	RB
release	VB
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
from	IN
the	DT
requirement	NN
to	TO
exercise	VB
appropriate	JJ
discretion	NN
when	WRB
determining	VBG
whether	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
situation	NN
involves	VBZ
an	DT
emergency	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
on	IN
each	DT
occasion	NN
when	WRB
the	DT
Greenbrier	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
determines	VBZ
that	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
matter	NN
involves	VBZ
an	DT
emergency	NN
that	WDT
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
added	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
if	IN
this	DT
determination	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
but	CC
less	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
working	VBG
days	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
not	RB
including	VBG
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
the	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
should	MD
be	VB
explained	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
amended	VBN
agenda	NN
,	,
or	CC
emergency	NN
meeting	NN
notice	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
in	IN
the	DT
minutes	NNS
for	IN
that	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Greenbrier	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
will	MD
hold	VB
its	PRP$
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
and	CC
fourth	JJ
Tuesday	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
,	,
beginning	VBG
in	IN
September	NNP
of	IN
2002	CD
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
meeting	NN
room	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Greenbrier	NNP
County	NNP
Courthouse	NN
in	IN
Lewisburg	NNP
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
front	JJ
door	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Courthouse	NN
no	RB
later	RB
than	IN
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
before	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
excluding	VBG
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
,	,
by	IN
4:30	CD
p.m.	NN
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
,	,
except	IN
for	IN
emergency	NN
situations	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
.	.
Should	MD
a	DT
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
fall	NN
on	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
as	IN
outlined	VBN
above	IN
,	,
prior	RB
to	TO
a	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
agenda	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
front	JJ
door	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Courthouse	NN
one	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
day	NN
earlier	RB
by	IN
4:30	CD
p.m.	NN
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
to	TO
account	VB
for	IN
the	DT
holiday	NN
,	,
except	IN
for	IN
emergency	NN
situations	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
.	.
No	DT
action	NN
will	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
on	IN
any	DT
agenda	NN
item	NN
added	VBD
after	IN
the	DT
4:30	CD
p.m.	NN
deadline	NN
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
,	,
except	IN
for	IN
emergency	NN
situations	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
.	.
Reasonable	JJ
effort	NN
will	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
notice	NN
of	IN
meetings	NNS
via	IN
fax	NN
to	TO
the	DT
local	JJ
media	NNS
by	IN
4:30	CD
p.m.	NN
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
.	.
Special	JJ
meetings	NNS
scheduled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
will	MD
also	RB
be	VB
governed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
day	NN
guidelines	NNS
outlined	VBN
above	IN
,	,
and	CC
shall	MD
contain	VB
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
and	CC
purpose	NN
of	IN
same	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
ordinarily	RB
meets	VBZ
monthly	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
Thursday	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
.	.
The	DT
Council	NNP
makes	VBZ
audio	JJ
recording	NN
of	IN
all	DT
meetings	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
executive	JJ
sessions	NNS
.	.
On	IN
occasion	NN
,	,
meetings	NNS
may	MD
also	RB
be	VB
recorded	VBN
on	IN
video	NN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
notices	NNS
and	CC
meeting	NN
agendas	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
separate	JJ
documents	NNS
or	CC
may	MD
be	VB
combined	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
single	JJ
document	NN
.	.
For	IN
most	JJS
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
agencies	NNS
will	MD
generate	VB
separate	JJ
documents	NNS
,	,
posting	VBG
or	CC
publishing	VBG
the	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
making	VBG
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
Notice	NNP
-	:
Regular	JJ
Meetings	NNS
A	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
which	WDT
meets	VBZ
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
a	DT
fixed	VBN
schedule	NN
,	,
as	IN
the	DT
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
does	VBZ
,	,
may	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
requirement	NN
by	IN
posting	VBG
notice	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
meeting	NN
schedule	NN
annually	RB
,	,
and	CC
keeping	VBG
this	DT
notice	NN
posted	VBD
throughout	IN
the	DT
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
schedule	NN
should	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
place	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
accessible	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
during	IN
normal	JJ
business	NN
hours	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
Town	NNP
Hall	NNP
.	.
Meeting	VBG
Notice	NNP
-	:
Special	JJ
Meetings	NNS
A	DT
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
will	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
if	IN
it	PRP
posts	VBZ
notice	NN
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
date	NN
.	.
Notices	NNS
of	IN
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
must	MD
include	VB
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
and	CC
,	,
unlike	IN
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
notices	NNS
,	,
must	MD
explain	VB
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
At	IN
a	DT
minimum	NN
,	,
this	DT
notice	NN
should	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
place	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
accessible	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
during	IN
normal	JJ
business	NN
hours	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
Town	NNP
Hall	NNP
.	.
Governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
whose	WP$
meetings	NNS
are	VBP
regularly	RB
covered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
media	NNS
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
required	VBN
,	,
to	TO
send	VB
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
by	IN
telephone	NN
facsimile	NN
to	TO
news	NN
organizations	NNS
that	WDT
express	VBP
an	DT
interest	NN
in	IN
receiving	VBG
such	JJ
notice	NN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
Agenda	NNP
-	:
Regular	JJ
Meetings	NNS
The	DT
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
if	IN
it	PRP
makes	VBZ
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
each	DT
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
,	,
by	IN
posting	VBG
the	DT
agenda	NN
in	IN
an	DT
appropriate	JJ
public	JJ
space	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
Town	NNP
Hall	NNP
,	,
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
having	VBG
copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
picked	VBN
up	RP
in	IN
that	DT
same	JJ
building	NN
during	IN
normal	JJ
business	NN
hours	NNS
.	.
If	IN
Council	NNP
meetings	NNS
are	VBP
routinely	RB
covered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
news	NN
media	NNS
,	,
providing	VBG
a	DT
copy	NN
to	TO
those	DT
media	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
agenda	NN
is	VBZ
posted	VBN
is	VBZ
encouraged	VBN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
has	VBZ
made	VBN
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
three	CD
days	NNS
or	CC
more	JJR
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
,	,
at	IN
its	PRP$
option	NN
,	,
amend	VB
the	DT
agenda	NN
to	TO
add	VB
additional	JJ
items	NNS
of	IN
business	NN
-	:
items	NNS
not	RB
known	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
was	VBD
prepared	VBN
and	CC
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
Amendments	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
as	IN
late	JJ
as	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
made	VBD
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
.	.
Citizens	NNPS
or	CC
guests	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
recognized	VBN
to	TO
speak	VB
during	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
individuals	NNS
may	MD
address	VB
topics	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
new	JJ
matters	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
included	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
action	NN
,	,
the	DT
Council	NNP
may	MD
not	RB
take	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
on	IN
matters	NNS
raised	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
public	NN
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
on	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
.	.
The	DT
Council	NNP
may	MD
consider	VB
whether	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
requires	VBZ
official	JJ
action	NN
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
it	PRP
does	VBZ
,	,
place	VBP
the	DT
matter	NN
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
of	IN
a	DT
subsequent	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Emergency	NNP
Meetings	NNS
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meetings	NNS
and	CC
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
may	MD
hold	VB
emergency	NN
meetings	NNS
,	,
but	CC
only	RB
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
matters	NNS
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
action	NN
.	.
Emergency	NNP
meetings	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
with	IN
little	JJ
or	CC
no	DT
advance	NN
notice	NN
.	.
Any	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
issued	VBN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
meeting	NN
minutes	NNS
,	,
must	MD
fully	RB
explain	VB
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
and	CC
the	DT
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
justifying	VBG
an	DT
emergency	NN
meeting	NN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
Minutes	NNPS
-	:
Executive	NNP
Sessions	NNP
The	NNP
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
requires	VBZ
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
to	TO
prepare	VB
minutes	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
meeting	NN
and	CC
include	VBP
certain	JJ
specified	VBN
information	NN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
minutes	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
within	IN
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
time	NN
after	IN
each	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
This	DT
Committee	NNP
previously	RB
determined	VBD
in	IN
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Advisory	NNP
Opinion	NNP
2000-15	CD
that	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
gives	VBZ
discretion	NN
to	TO
governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
minutes	NNS
of	IN
executive	JJ
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
taken	VBN
.	.
Governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
have	VBP
similar	JJ
discretion	NN
to	TO
decide	VB
whether	IN
their	PRP$
executive	JJ
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
recorded	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
neither	CC
requires	VBZ
that	IN
minutes	NNS
of	IN
executive	JJ
sessions	NNS
be	VB
prepared	VBN
nor	CC
that	IN
executive	JJ
sessions	NNS
be	VB
recorded	VBN
.	.
Consistent	JJ
with	IN
this	DT
statutory	JJ
guidance	NN
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Supervisors	NNPS
may	MD
meet	VB
privately	RB
with	IN
their	PRP$
attorney	NN
for	IN
limited	JJ
educational	JJ
and	CC
training	NN
purposes	NNS
to	TO
discuss	VB
matters	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
lessons	NNS
learned	VBN
from	IN
completed	VBN
litigation	NN
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
obtain	VB
general	JJ
legal	JJ
guidance	NN
on	IN
avoiding	VBG
future	JJ
litigation	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
any	DT
official	JJ
action	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
is	VBZ
required	VBN
,	,
any	DT
discussion	NN
among	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
Members	NNS
should	MD
take	VB
place	NN
during	IN
a	DT
properly	RB
noticed	VBN
regular	JJ
,	,
special	JJ
or	CC
emergency	NN
meeting	NN
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
public	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
may	MD
elect	VB
to	TO
convene	VB
in	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
litigation	NN
matters	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
protected	VBN
under	IN
the	DT
attorney-client	JJ
privilege	NN
.	.
The	DT
Council	NNP
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
determine	VB
what	WP
matters	NNS
regarding	VBG
a	DT
proposal	NN
to	TO
permit	VB
collective	JJ
bargaining	NN
by	IN
city	NN
employees	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
discussed	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
Solicitor	NNP
in	IN
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
closed	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
the	DT
media	NNS
.	.
Before	IN
taking	VBG
official	JJ
action	NN
,	,
the	DT
Council	NNP
may	MD
wish	VB
to	TO
seek	VB
legal	JJ
advice	NN
from	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
Solicitor	NNP
regarding	VBG
various	JJ
legal	JJ
issues	NNS
raised	VBN
by	IN
this	DT
initiative	NN
,	,
including	VBG
applicable	JJ
city	NN
charter	NN
provisions	NNS
,	,
state	NN
statutes	NNS
and	CC
court	NN
decisions	NNS
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
if	IN
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
is	VBZ
convened	VBN
to	TO
consider	VB
legal	JJ
issues	NNS
with	IN
legal	JJ
counsel	NN
representing	VBG
the	DT
City	NNP
,	,
Council	NNP
Members	NNP
might	MD
wish	VB
to	TO
discuss	VB
general	JJ
issues	NNS
regarding	VBG
this	DT
same	JJ
subject	NN
.	.
Opinion	NN
2000-10	CD
that	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
may	MD
meet	VB
with	IN
its	PRP$
attorney	NN
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
matters	NNS
protected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
attorney-client	JJ
privilege	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
the	DT
Wheeling	NNP
City	NNP
Council	NNP
may	MD
elect	VB
to	TO
convene	VB
in	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
,	,
following	VBG
the	DT
procedures	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
,	,
and	CC
obtain	VB
advice	NN
from	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
Solicitor	NNP
on	IN
various	JJ
legal	JJ
questions	NNS
surrounding	VBG
the	DT
proposal	NN
to	TO
authorize	VB
collective	JJ
bargaining	NN
by	IN
municipal	JJ
employees	NNS
.	.
Council	NNP
must	MD
reconvene	VB
in	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Any	DT
discussion	NN
,	,
including	VBG
discussion	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
general	JJ
questions	NNS
as	IN
whether	IN
authorizing	VBG
collective	JJ
bargaining	NN
by	IN
municipal	JJ
employees	NNS
represents	VBZ
sound	JJ
public	JJ
policy	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
any	DT
vote	NN
on	IN
official	JJ
action	NN
to	TO
be	VB
taken	VBN
,	,
must	MD
take	VB
place	NN
in	IN
public	NN
.	.
This	DT
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
concluded	VBN
that	IN
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
providing	VBG
reasonable	JJ
notice	NN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
of	IN
when	WRB
and	CC
where	WRB
a	DT
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
held	VBN
,	,
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
requires	VBZ
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
of	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
to	TO
make	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
an	DT
agenda	NN
showing	VBG
what	WP
matters	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
addressed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
contain	VB
a	DT
specific	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
time	NN
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
that	IN
this	DT
agenda	NN
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
this	DT
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
determined	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
should	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
time	NN
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
This	DT
Committee	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
some	DT
items	NNS
requiring	VBG
official	JJ
action	NN
by	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
may	MD
arise	VB
after	IN
an	DT
agenda	NN
is	VBZ
issued	VBN
,	,
particularly	RB
when	WRB
the	DT
agenda	NN
is	VBZ
prepared	JJ
three	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
may	MD
issue	VB
an	DT
amendment	NN
or	CC
addendum	NN
,	,
adding	VBG
additional	JJ
agenda	NN
items	NNS
,	,
up	RB
to	TO
two	CD
business	NN
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
provided	VBN
this	DT
addendum	NN
is	VBZ
disseminated	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
.	.
If	IN
an	DT
additional	JJ
matter	NN
requiring	VBG
official	JJ
action	NN
arises	VBZ
before	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
but	CC
after	IN
the	DT
time	NN
limit	NN
for	IN
issuing	VBG
an	DT
amendment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
agenda	NN
has	VBZ
passed	VBN
,	,
it	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
over	RP
for	IN
action	NN
at	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
unless	IN
it	PRP
involves	VBZ
an	DT
emergency	NN
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
action	NN
.	.
In	IN
such	JJ
event	NN
,	,
the	DT
emergency	NN
item	NN
may	MD
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
amended	VBN
agenda	NN
,	,
provided	VBD
the	DT
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
situation	NN
overriding	VBG
reasonable	JJ
advance	NN
notice	NN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
is	VBZ
explained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
amended	VBN
agenda	NN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
Notice	NNP
-	:
Special	JJ
Meetings	NNS
The	DT
Glenville	NNP
City	NNP
Council	NNP
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
if	IN
it	PRP
posted	VBD
notice	NN
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
date	NN
.	.
Notices	NNS
of	IN
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
must	MD
include	VB
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
and	CC
,	,
unlike	IN
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
notices	NNS
,	,
must	MD
explain	VB
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
an	DT
intervening	VBG
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
,	,
the	DT
Glenville	NNP
City	NNP
Council	NNP
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
issuing	VBG
notice	NN
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
to	TO
be	VB
held	VBN
on	IN
Friday	NNP
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
before	IN
the	DT
close	NN
of	IN
business	NN
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Wednesday	NNP
.	.
How	WRB
The	DT
Glenville	NNP
City	NNP
Council	NNP
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
,	,
if	IN
it	PRP
posts	VBZ
the	DT
agenda	NN
in	IN
an	DT
appropriate	JJ
public	JJ
space	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
Hall	NNP
,	,
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
having	VBG
copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
picked	VBN
up	RP
at	IN
its	PRP$
office	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
meetings	NNS
are	VBP
routinely	RB
covered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
news	NN
media	NNS
,	,
providing	VBG
a	DT
copy	NN
to	TO
those	DT
media	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
agenda	NN
is	VBZ
posted	VBN
by	IN
telephone	NN
facsimile	NN
or	CC
first	JJ
class	NN
mail	NN
is	VBZ
encouraged	VBN
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
required	VBN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
Glenville	NNP
City	NNP
Council	NNP
has	VBZ
made	VBN
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
three	CD
days	NNS
or	CC
more	JJR
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
,	,
at	IN
its	PRP$
option	NN
,	,
amend	VB
the	DT
agenda	NN
to	TO
add	VB
additional	JJ
items	NNS
of	IN
business	NN
-	:
items	NNS
not	RB
known	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
was	VBD
prepared	VBN
and	CC
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
Amendments	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
as	IN
late	JJ
as	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
made	VBD
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meetings	NNS
and	CC
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
may	MD
hold	VB
emergency	NN
meetings	NNS
.	.
Emergency	NNP
meetings	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
with	IN
little	JJ
or	CC
no	DT
advance	NN
notice	NN
.	.
Any	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
issued	VBN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
meeting	NN
minutes	NNS
,	,
must	MD
fully	RB
explain	VB
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
and	CC
the	DT
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
justifying	VBG
an	DT
emergency	NN
meeting	NN
.	.
Any	DT
administrative	JJ
or	CC
legislative	JJ
unit	NN
of	IN
state	NN
,	,
county	NN
or	CC
municipal	JJ
government	NN
,	,
including	VBG
any	DT
department	NN
,	,
division	NN
,	,
bureau	NN
,	,
office	NN
,	,
commission	NN
,	,
authority	NN
,	,
board	NN
,	,
public	JJ
corporation	NN
,	,
section	NN
,	,
committee	NN
,	,
subcommittee	NN
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
agency	NN
or	CC
subunit	NN
of	IN
the	DT
foregoing	NN
authorized	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
to	TO
exercise	VB
some	DT
portion	NN
of	IN
executive	NN
or	CC
legislative	JJ
power	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
where	WRB
only	RB
one	CD
or	CC
two	CD
matters	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
addressed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
,	,
these	DT
matters	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
described	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
statement	NN
within	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
,	,
and	CC
no	DT
separate	JJ
agenda	NN
will	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
will	MD
deal	VB
with	IN
several	JJ
matters	NNS
,	,
a	DT
separate	JJ
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
should	MD
be	VB
prepared	VBN
and	CC
made	VBN
available	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
as	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
.	.
A	DT
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
will	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
if	IN
it	PRP
posts	VBZ
notice	NN
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
date	NN
.	.
At	IN
a	DT
minimum	NN
,	,
this	DT
notice	NN
should	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
place	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
accessible	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
during	IN
normal	JJ
business	NN
hours	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
Town	NNP
Hall	NNP
.	.
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
,	,
are	VBP
excluded	VBN
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
an	DT
intervening	VBG
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
,	,
the	DT
Town	NNP
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
issuing	VBG
notice	NN
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
to	TO
be	VB
held	VBN
on	IN
Friday	NNP
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
before	IN
the	DT
close	NN
of	IN
business	NN
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Wednesday	NNP
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
instance	NN
of	IN
any	DT
votes	NNS
by	IN
ballot	NN
,	,
the	DT
same	JJ
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
secret	JJ
but	CC
each	DT
member	NN
shall	MD
sign	VB
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
ballot	NN
and	CC
the	DT
City	NNP
Clerk	NNP
shall	MD
immediately	RB
thereafter	RB
publicly	RB
announce	VB
the	DT
vote	NN
of	IN
each	DT
member	NN
,	,
by	IN
name	NN
,	,
which	WDT
shall	MD
be	VB
recorded	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
minutes	NNS
.	.
City	NNP
Building	NNP
not	RB
less	JJR
than	IN
three	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
a	DT
specially	RB
scheduled	VBN
council	NN
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
held	VBN
,	,
stating	VBG
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
,	,
and	CC
purpose	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
such	JJ
special	JJ
meeting	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
canceled	VBN
or	CC
postponed	VBN
,	,
a	DT
notice	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
cancellation	NN
or	CC
postponement	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
location	NN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
feasible	JJ
after	IN
such	JJ
cancellation	NN
or	CC
postponement	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
determined	VBN
.	.
Each	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
shall	MD
promulgate	VB
rules	NNS
by	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
and	CC
agenda	NN
of	IN
all	DT
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meetings	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
,	,
and	CC
purpose	NN
of	IN
all	DT
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
are	VBP
made	VBN
available	JJ
,	,
in	IN
advance	NN
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
news	NN
media	NNS
,	,
except	IN
in	IN
the	DT
event	NN
of	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
attention	NN
.	.
City	NNP
Council	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
bulletin	NN
board	NN
at	IN
City	NNP
Hall	NNP
.	.
Regular	JJ
council	NN
meetings	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
Monday	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
except	IN
for	IN
December	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
Monday	NNP
.	.
Regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
at	IN
City	NNP
Hall	NNP
Council	NNP
Chambers	NNP
at	IN
7:00	CD
PM	NNP
.	.
The	DT
agenda	NN
of	IN
each	DT
meeting	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
bulletin	NN
board	NN
at	IN
City	NNP
Hall	NNP
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
notices	NNS
and	CC
agendas	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
delivered	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
local	JJ
public	JJ
news	NN
media	NNS
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
three-day	JJ
period	NN
will	MD
exclude	VB
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
canceled	VBN
or	CC
postponed	VBN
,	,
a	DT
notice	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
cancellation	NN
or	CC
postponement	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
said	VBD
City	NNP
Hall	NNP
location	NN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
feasible	JJ
after	IN
such	JJ
cancellation	NN
or	CC
postponement	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
determined	VBN
.	.
Council	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
bulletin	NN
board	NN
at	IN
City	NNP
Hall	NNP
not	RB
less	JJR
than	IN
three	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
a	DT
specially	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
held	VBN
,	,
stating	VBG
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
,	,
and	CC
purpose	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
such	JJ
special	JJ
meeting	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
notices	NNS
and	CC
agendas	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
delivered	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
news	NN
media	NNS
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
three-day	JJ
period	NN
will	MD
exclude	VB
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
canceled	VBN
or	CC
postponed	VBN
,	,
a	DT
notice	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
cancellation	NN
or	CC
postponement	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
said	VBD
City	NNP
Hall	NNP
location	NN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
feasible	JJ
after	IN
such	JJ
cancellation	NN
or	CC
postponement	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
determined	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
requires	VBZ
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
to	TO
prepare	VB
minutes	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
meeting	NN
and	CC
include	VBP
certain	JJ
specified	VBN
information	NN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
minutes	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
within	IN
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
time	NN
after	IN
each	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Under	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
,	,
governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
have	VBP
discretion	NN
to	TO
decide	VB
whether	IN
minutes	NNS
of	IN
executive	JJ
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
taken	VBN
.	.
Governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
have	VBP
similar	JJ
discretion	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
their	PRP$
executive	JJ
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
recorded	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
neither	CC
requires	VBZ
that	IN
minutes	NNS
of	IN
executive	JJ
sessions	NNS
be	VB
prepared	VBN
nor	CC
that	IN
executive	JJ
sessions	NNS
be	VB
recorded	VBN
.	.
Should	MD
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
elect	VB
to	TO
record	VB
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
,	,
no	DT
provision	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
either	CC
compels	VBZ
or	CC
prohibits	VBZ
release	NN
of	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
recording	NN
.	.
Recordings	NNS
of	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
discussions	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
exempt	JJ
from	IN
release	NN
under	IN
the	DT
WV	NNP
FOI	NNP
,	,
but	CC
this	DT
Committee	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
have	VB
authority	NN
to	TO
make	VB
that	DT
determination	NN
.	.
The	DT
Committee	NNP
further	JJ
notes	NNS
that	WDT
releasing	VBG
information	NN
considered	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
required	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
to	TO
remain	VB
confidential	JJ
could	MD
violate	VB
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Parkersburg	NNP
City	NNP
Charter	NNP
provides	VBZ
for	IN
a	DT
Special	JJ
Investigation	NNP
Committee	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
SIC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
investigate	VB
governmental	JJ
operations	NNS
.	.
An	DT
SIC	NNP
is	VBZ
authorized	VBN
to	TO
administer	VB
oaths	NNS
,	,
subpoena	NN
witnesses	NNS
and	CC
compel	VB
production	NN
of	IN
documents	NNS
.	.
An	DT
SIC	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
appointed	VBN
to	TO
investigate	VB
certain	JJ
alleged	JJ
irregularities	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
issuance	NN
of	IN
business	NN
permits	NNS
and	CC
licenses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
SIC	NNP
plans	VBZ
to	TO
engage	VB
the	DT
services	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
outside	JJ
attorney	NN
to	TO
lead	VB
the	DT
investigation	NN
.	.
The	DT
SIC	NNP
wants	VBZ
to	TO
meet	VB
with	IN
their	PRP$
counsel	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
various	JJ
procedural	JJ
and	CC
logistical	JJ
arrangements	NNS
for	IN
conducting	VBG
the	DT
investigation	NN
.	.
When	WRB
meeting	VBG
to	TO
initiate	VB
,	,
conduct	VB
or	CC
review	VB
an	DT
investigation	NN
performed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
themselves	PRP
,	,
or	CC
someone	NN
designated	VBN
to	TO
act	VB
in	IN
their	PRP$
behalf	NN
,	,
the	DT
SIC	NNP
is	VBZ
engaged	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
quasi-judicial	JJ
administrative	JJ
proceeding	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
not	RB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
open	JJ
meetings	NNS
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
the	DT
SIC	NNP
may	MD
meet	VB
to	TO
discuss	VB
purely	RB
logistical	JJ
matters	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
for	IN
a	DT
future	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
what	WP
persons	NNS
or	CC
parties	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
present	JJ
or	CC
invited	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
in	IN
what	WP
order	NN
they	PRP
should	MD
appear	VB
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
data	NNS
or	CC
documentation	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
provided	VBN
by	IN
various	JJ
participants	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
without	IN
holding	VBG
a	DT
meeting	NN
subject	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
However	RB
,	,
when	WRB
exercising	VBG
any	DT
delegated	JJ
executive	NN
or	CC
legislative	JJ
authority	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
employing	VBG
staff	NN
,	,
contracting	VBG
for	IN
professional	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
or	CC
establishing	VBG
general	JJ
rules	NNS
of	IN
procedure	NN
to	TO
follow	VB
when	WRB
conducting	VBG
an	DT
investigation	NN
,	,
the	DT
SIC	NNP
should	MD
follow	VB
normal	JJ
open	JJ
meeting	NN
requirements	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
providing	VBG
advance	NN
notice	NN
of	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
and	CC
excluding	VBG
the	DT
public	NN
only	RB
to	TO
conduct	VB
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
authorized	VBN
under	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
exceptions	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
Register	NNP
,	,
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
on	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
's	POS
website	NN
,	,
and	CC
shall	MD
include	VB
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
and	CC
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Any	DT
notice	NN
of	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
meeting	NN
shall	MD
state	VB
the	DT
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
.	.
The	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
of	IN
each	DT
work	NN
session	NN
would	MD
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
,	,
discussions	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
limited	VBN
to	TO
items	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
meeting	NN
minutes	NNS
would	MD
reflect	VB
that	IN
a	DT
working	VBG
session	NN
was	VBD
held	VBN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
regular	JJ
session	NN
.	.
Although	IN
work	NN
sessions	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
open	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
,	,
no	DT
opportunity	NN
for	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
would	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
require	VB
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
to	TO
set	VB
aside	RP
time	NN
for	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
during	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
simply	RB
provides	VBZ
that	IN
if	IN
such	JJ
comment	NN
is	VBZ
allowed	VBN
,	,
those	DT
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
participate	VB
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
sign	VB
up	RP
more	JJR
than	IN
fifteen	CD
minutes	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
starts	VBZ
.	.
Pocahontas	NNP
Woods	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
non-profit	JJ
corporation	NN
established	VBN
to	TO
promote	VB
the	DT
beneficial	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
forest	NN
resources	NNS
in	IN
and	CC
around	IN
Pocahontas	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
The	DT
organization	NN
is	VBZ
substantially	RB
funded	VBN
with	IN
State	NNP
Forest	NNP
Service	NNP
funds	NNS
,	,
allocated	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
Pocahontas	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
.	.
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	DT
information	NN
relied	VBN
on	IN
during	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
deliberations	NNS
on	IN
matters	NNS
involving	VBG
commercial	JJ
competition	NN
are	VBP
exempt	JJ
from	IN
disclosure	NN
under	IN
the	DT
open	JJ
meetings	NNS
requirements	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
only	RB
until	IN
the	DT
commercial	JJ
competition	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
finalized	VBN
and	CC
completed	VBN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
That	DT
information	NN
not	RB
subject	JJ
to	TO
release	VB
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
freedom	NN
of	IN
information	NN
act	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
become	VB
subject	JJ
to	TO
disclosure	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
...	:
Virginia	NNP
development	NN
office	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
public	JJ
body	NN
,	,
whose	WP$
primary	JJ
responsibility	NN
is	VBZ
economic	JJ
development	NN
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
furnishing	VBG
assistance	NN
to	TO
a	DT
new	JJ
or	CC
existing	JJ
business	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
exempt	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
article	NN
one	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
twenty-nine-b	NN
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	DT
any	DT
agreement	NN
entered	VBD
into	IN
or	CC
signed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
development	NN
office	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
body	NN
which	WDT
obligates	VBZ
public	JJ
funds	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
subject	JJ
to	TO
inspection	NN
and	CC
copying	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
said	VBD
article	NN
as	IN
of	IN
the	DT
date	NN
the	DT
agreement	NN
is	VBZ
entered	VBN
into	IN
,	,
signed	VBD
or	CC
otherwise	RB
made	VBD
public	JJ
.	.
The	DT
purposes	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
authority	NN
is	VBZ
created	VBN
are	VBP
to	TO
promote	VB
,	,
develop	VB
and	CC
advance	VB
the	DT
business	NN
prosperity	NN
and	CC
economic	JJ
welfare	NN
of	IN
the	DT
municipality	NN
or	CC
county	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
it	PRP
is	VBZ
created	VBN
,	,
its	PRP$
citizens	NNS
and	CC
its	PRP$
industrial	JJ
complex	NN
;	:
to	TO
encourage	VB
and	CC
assist	VB
through	IN
loans	NNS
,	,
investments	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
business	NN
transactions	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
locating	VBG
of	IN
new	JJ
business	NN
and	CC
industry	NN
within	IN
the	DT
municipality	NN
or	CC
county	NN
and	CC
to	TO
rehabilitate	VB
and	CC
assist	VB
existing	VBG
businesses	NNS
and	CC
industries	NNS
therein	RB
;	:
to	TO
stimulate	VB
and	CC
promote	VB
the	DT
expansion	NN
of	IN
all	DT
kinds	NNS
of	IN
business	NN
and	CC
industrial	JJ
activity	NN
which	WDT
will	MD
tend	VB
to	TO
advance	VB
business	NN
and	CC
industrial	JJ
development	NN
and	CC
maintain	VB
the	DT
economic	JJ
stability	NN
of	IN
the	DT
municipality	NN
or	CC
county	NN
,	,
provide	VBP
maximum	JJ
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
employment	NN
,	,
encourage	VBP
thrift	NN
,	,
and	CC
improve	VB
the	DT
standard	NN
of	IN
living	NN
of	IN
the	DT
citizens	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
;	:
to	TO
cooperate	VB
and	CC
act	VB
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
organizations	NNS
,	,
federal	JJ
,	,
state	NN
,	,
or	CC
local	JJ
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
promotion	NN
and	CC
advancement	NN
of	IN
industrial	JJ
,	,
commercial	JJ
,	,
agricultural	JJ
and	CC
recreational	JJ
developments	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
municipality	NN
or	CC
county	NN
;	:
and	CC
to	TO
furnish	VB
money	NN
and	CC
credit	NN
,	,
land	NN
and	CC
industrial	JJ
sites	NNS
,	,
technical	JJ
assistance	NN
and	CC
such	JJ
other	JJ
aid	NN
as	IN
may	MD
be	VB
deemed	VBN
requisite	JJ
to	TO
approved	VBN
and	CC
deserving	JJ
applicants	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
promotion	NN
,	,
development	NN
and	CC
conduct	NN
of	IN
all	DT
kinds	NNS
of	IN
business	NN
activity	NN
within	IN
the	DT
municipality	NN
or	CC
county	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
,	,
City	NNP
and	CC
Authority	NNP
may	MD
each	DT
meet	VB
in	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
to	TO
entertain	VB
and	CC
discuss	VB
proposals	NNS
concerning	VBG
various	JJ
forms	NNS
and	CC
amounts	NNS
of	IN
financial	JJ
or	CC
related	JJ
assistance	NN
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
committed	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
initiate	VB
or	CC
sustain	VB
commercial	JJ
economic	JJ
development	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
particular	JJ
jurisdiction	NN
.	.
Request	NN
for	IN
Financial	NNP
Assistance	NNP
or	CC
an	DT
Economic	NNP
Development	NNP
Agreement	NNP
may	MD
be	VB
voted	VBN
upon	IN
in	IN
generic	JJ
terms	NNS
,	,
so	RB
that	IN
the	DT
identity	NN
or	CC
nature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
business	NN
and	CC
the	DT
specific	JJ
terms	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
agreement	NN
are	VBP
not	RB
then	RB
revealed	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
Once	RB
the	DT
Economic	NNP
Development	NNP
Agreement	NNP
is	VBZ
approved	VBN
by	IN
all	DT
required	VBN
parties	NNS
,	,
this	DT
document	NN
,	,
the	DT
Request	NNP
for	IN
Financial	NNP
Assistance	NNP
and	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
preliminary	JJ
documents	NNS
not	RB
exempt	JJ
from	IN
release	NN
under	IN
the	DT
Freedom	NNP
of	IN
Information	NNP
Act	NNP
,	,
previously	RB
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
but	CC
not	RB
released	VBN
,	,
must	MD
immediately	RB
be	VB
incorporated	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
minutes	NNS
and	CC
made	VBN
available	JJ
for	IN
inspection	NN
by	IN
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
The	DT
Council	NNP
meets	VBZ
twice	RB
monthly	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
and	CC
fourth	JJ
Monday	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
.	.
The	DT
Council	NNP
has	VBZ
adopted	VBN
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
which	WDT
require	VBP
posting	VBG
an	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
each	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
and	CC
issuing	VBG
notice	NN
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
.	.
Dale	NNP
,	,
all	DT
questions	NNS
of	IN
order	NN
,	,
the	DT
methods	NNS
of	IN
organization	NN
and	CC
the	DT
conduct	NN
of	IN
business	NN
of	IN
the	DT
municipal	JJ
council	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
governed	VBN
by	IN
Roberts	NNP
Rules	NNP
of	IN
Order	NNP
in	IN
all	DT
cases	NNS
to	TO
which	WDT
they	PRP
are	VBP
applicable	JJ
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
inconsistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
rules	NNS
of	IN
council	NN
.	.
Council	NNP
,	,
with	IN
a	DT
quorum	NN
of	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
can	MD
only	RB
meet	VB
to	TO
discuss	VB
purely	RB
logistical	JJ
matters	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
when	WRB
and	CC
where	WRB
to	TO
hold	VB
a	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
items	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
staff	NN
members	NNS
or	CC
documents	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
available	JJ
during	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
to	TO
support	VB
the	DT
matters	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
.	.
The	DT
Council	NNP
shall	MD
hold	VB
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
and	CC
fourth	JJ
Mondays	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
at	IN
7:30	CD
p.m.	NN
;	:
provided	VBN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
date	NN
and	CC
time	NN
may	MD
be	VB
changed	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
different	JJ
date	NN
and	CC
time	NN
upon	IN
being	VBG
duly	RB
passed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
present	JJ
.	.
Provided	VBN
further	JJ
that	IN
in	IN
the	DT
event	NN
that	IN
the	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
date	NN
and	CC
time	NN
are	VBP
so	RB
changed	VBN
,	,
notice	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
general	JJ
public	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
change	NN
by	IN
Class	NNP
I	NNP
Legal	NNP
Publication	NNP
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
day	NN
fixed	VBN
for	IN
any	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
falls	VBZ
upon	IN
a	DT
day	NN
designated	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
as	IN
a	DT
legal	JJ
,	,
national	JJ
or	CC
religious	JJ
holiday	NN
,	,
such	JJ
meeting	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
hour	NN
on	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
succeeding	VBG
day	NN
not	RB
a	DT
holiday	NN
.	.
All	DT
regular	JJ
and	CC
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
shall	MD
be	VB
open	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
provided	VBN
however	RB
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
may	MD
recess	NN
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
conducting	VBG
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
,	,
limited	VBN
to	TO
its	PRP$
membership	NN
plus	IN
any	DT
person	NN
or	CC
persons	NNS
requested	VBD
to	TO
attend	VB
such	JJ
executive	NN
session	NN
by	IN
a	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
.	.
Such	JJ
executive	NN
session	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
conducted	VBN
and	CC
held	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
manner	NN
specified	VBN
in	IN
Chapter	NN
6	CD
,	,
Article	NNP
9A	CD
,	,
Section	NNP
4	CD
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
,	,
and	CC
only	RB
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
therein	RB
stated	VBD
.	.
Clerk	NN
at	IN
the	DT
front	JJ
door	NN
or	CC
bulletin	NN
board	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Glen	NNP
Dale	NNP
City	NNP
Building	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
fixed	VBN
and	CC
entered	VBN
of	IN
record	NN
by	IN
Council	NNP
for	IN
holding	VBG
of	IN
regular	JJ
scheduled	VBN
meetings	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
each	DT
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
location	NN
by	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
Clerk	NNP
not	RB
less	JJR
than	IN
three	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
each	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
held	VBN
.	.
In	IN
computing	VBG
this	DT
three	CD
-	:
day	NN
period	NN
,	,
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
counted	VBN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
canceled	VBN
or	CC
postponed	VBN
,	,
a	DT
notice	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
cancellation	NN
or	CC
postponement	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
location	NN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
feasible	JJ
after	IN
such	JJ
cancellation	NN
or	CC
postponement	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
determined	VBN
.	.
All	DT
matters	NNS
requiring	VBG
official	JJ
action	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
,	,
including	VBG
all	DT
reports	NNS
,	,
communications	NNS
,	,
ordinances	NNS
,	,
resolutions	NNS
,	,
claims	NNS
,	,
license	NN
reports	NNS
,	,
contracts	NNS
,	,
documents	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
matters	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
submitted	VBN
for	IN
consideration	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
delivered	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
City	NNP
Clerk	NNP
not	RB
later	RB
than	IN
4:30	CD
P.M.	NNP
Tuesday	NNP
,	,
one	CD
week	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
regular	JJ
Council	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Clerk	NNP
will	MD
prepare	VB
an	DT
agenda	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
matters	NNS
and	CC
any	DT
additional	JJ
matters	NNS
which	WDT
she	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
to	TO
present	VB
,	,
following	VBG
the	DT
prescribed	VBN
order	NN
of	IN
business	NN
as	IN
hereinafter	NN
provided	VBN
in	IN
Rule	NNP
XI	NNP
,	,
stating	VBG
each	DT
item	NN
requiring	VBG
official	JJ
action	NN
so	RB
as	IN
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
public	JJ
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
matters	NNS
which	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
dealt	VBN
with	IN
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
A	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
completed	VBN
agenda	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
furnished	VBN
to	TO
each	DT
member	NN
of	IN
Council	NNP
.	.
.	.
Items	NNS
received	VBD
after	IN
the	DT
deadline	NN
for	IN
submitting	VBG
agenda	NN
items	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
regular	JJ
council	NN
agenda	NN
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
item	NN
involves	VBZ
a	DT
matter	NN
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
action	NN
and	CC
the	DT
Council	NNP
determines	VBZ
to	TO
include	VB
it	PRP
as	IN
provided	VBN
in	IN
Rule	NNP
IV	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
B	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Upon	IN
request	NN
,	,
the	DT
Clerk	NN
shall	MD
also	RB
furnish	VB
the	DT
Mayor	NNP
,	,
City	NNP
Attorney	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Department	NNP
Heads	VBZ
with	IN
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
,	,
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
Council	NNP
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
as	RB
far	RB
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
as	IN
the	DT
time	NN
for	IN
preparation	NN
will	MD
permit	VB
.	.
Once	RB
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
for	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
for	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
has	VBZ
been	VBN
posted	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
Rule	NNP
III	NNP
,	,
copies	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
news	NN
media	NNS
or	CC
any	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
upon	IN
request	NN
.	.
The	DT
presiding	VBG
officer	NN
shall	MD
preserve	VB
strict	JJ
order	NN
and	CC
decorum	NN
at	IN
all	DT
regular	JJ
and	CC
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
shall	MD
state	VB
every	DT
question	NN
coming	VBG
before	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
and	CC
announce	VB
the	DT
decision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
on	IN
all	DT
matters	NNS
coming	VBG
before	IN
it	PRP
.	.
A	DT
majority	NN
vote	NN
of	IN
Council	NNP
shall	MD
govern	VB
and	CC
conclusively	RB
determine	VB
all	DT
questions	NNS
of	IN
order	NN
not	RB
otherwise	RB
herein	RB
covered	VBN
or	CC
as	IN
otherwise	RB
provided	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
Attorney	NNP
,	,
or	CC
his	PRP$
designee	NN
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Council	NNP
at	IN
all	DT
regular	JJ
and	CC
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
Attorney	NNP
or	CC
his	PRP$
designee	NN
,	,
shall	MD
draft	VB
ordinances	NNS
,	,
resolutions	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
legal	JJ
documents	NNS
when	WRB
requested	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
Council	NNP
Member	NNP
.	.
A	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
total	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
shall	MD
constitute	VB
a	DT
quorum	NN
.	.
Should	MD
no	DT
quorum	NN
attend	VB
within	IN
thirty	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
30	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
minutes	NNS
after	IN
the	DT
hour	NN
appointed	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Mayor	NNP
,	,
or	CC
in	IN
his	PRP$
absence	NN
the	DT
presiding	VBG
,	,
may	MD
thereupon	RB
adjourn	VB
the	DT
meeting	NN
until	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
day	NN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
hour	NN
and	CC
place	NN
.	.
At	IN
each	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
,	,
a	DT
journal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proceedings	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
meeting	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
read	VBN
,	,
and	CC
corrected	VBN
if	IN
erroneous	JJ
,	,
and	CC
signed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
presiding	VBG
officer	NN
for	IN
the	DT
time	NN
being	VBG
;	:
provided	VBN
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
reading	NN
of	IN
the	DT
journal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proceeding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
meeting	NN
may	MD
be	VB
dispensed	VBN
with	IN
by	IN
a	DT
majority	NN
vote	NN
by	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
if	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
thereof	RB
have	VBP
received	VBN
and	CC
examined	VBD
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
journal	NN
or	CC
a	DT
synopsis	NN
thereof	RB
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
meeting	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
this	DT
journal	NN
is	VBZ
signed	VBN
.	.
Upon	IN
the	DT
call	NN
of	IN
any	DT
member	NN
the	DT
yeas	NNS
and	CC
nays	NNS
on	IN
any	DT
question	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
and	CC
recorded	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
journal	NN
.	.
Questions	NNS
under	IN
consideration	NN
-	:
A	DT
motion	NN
presented	VBN
and	CC
seconded	VBN
is	VBZ
under	IN
consideration	NN
and	CC
no	DT
motion	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
received	VBN
thereafter	RB
,	,
except	IN
to	TO
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
To	TO
adjourn	VB
;	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
To	TO
lay	VB
on	IN
the	DT
table	NN
,	,
to	TO
postpone	VB
or	CC
to	TO
amend	VB
,	,
until	IN
the	DT
question	NN
is	VBZ
decided	VBN
;	:
or	CC
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
To	TO
refer	VB
to	TO
a	DT
committee	NN
.	.
These	DT
motions	NNS
shall	MD
have	VB
preference	NN
in	IN
order	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
are	VBP
mentioned	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
first	JJ
two	CD
shall	MD
be	VB
decided	VBN
without	IN
debate	NN
.	.
Each	DT
person	NN
desiring	VBG
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
Council	NNP
shall	MD
stand	VB
and	CC
give	VB
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
name	NN
and	CC
address	NN
in	IN
an	DT
audible	JJ
tone	NN
of	IN
voice	NN
for	IN
the	DT
record	NN
,	,
and	CC
unless	IN
further	JJ
time	NN
is	VBZ
granted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
,	,
shall	MD
limit	VB
his	PRP$
address	NN
to	TO
5	CD
minutes	NNS
All	DT
remarks	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
addressed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
presiding	VBG
officer	NN
and	CC
Council	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
body	NN
and	CC
not	RB
to	TO
any	DT
individual	JJ
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
.	.
No	DT
person	NN
,	,
other	JJ
than	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
person	NN
having	VBG
the	DT
floor	NN
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
permitted	VBN
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
any	DT
discussion	NN
,	,
either	CC
directly	RB
or	CC
through	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
,	,
without	IN
the	DT
permission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
presiding	VBG
officer	NN
.	.
No	DT
question	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
asked	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
Council	NNP
except	IN
through	IN
the	DT
presiding	VBG
officer	NN
.	.
Any	DT
person	NN
making	VBG
personal	JJ
,	,
impertinent	JJ
or	CC
slanderous	JJ
remarks	NNS
or	CC
who	WP
shall	MD
become	VB
boisterous	JJ
while	IN
addressing	VBG
the	DT
Council	NNP
shall	MD
forthwith	RB
be	VB
barred	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
presiding	VBG
officer	NN
from	IN
further	JJ
audience	NN
before	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
,	,
unless	IN
permission	NN
to	TO
continue	VB
or	CC
again	RB
address	VB
the	DT
Council	NNP
be	VB
granted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
majority	NN
vote	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Chief	NNP
of	IN
Police	NNP
,	,
or	CC
such	JJ
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Police	NNP
Department	NNP
as	IN
he	PRP
may	MD
designate	VB
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
the	DT
sergeant-at-arms	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
meetings	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
,	,
or	CC
they	PRP
,	,
shall	MD
carry	VB
out	RP
all	DT
orders	NNS
and	CC
instructions	NNS
given	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
presiding	VBG
officer	NN
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
maintaining	VBG
order	NN
and	CC
decorum	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
All	DT
standing	NN
and	CC
special	JJ
committees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
chairman	NN
thereof	RB
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
presiding	VBG
officer	NN
at	IN
regular	JJ
or	CC
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
All	DT
committees	NNS
shall	MD
consist	VB
of	IN
five	CD
members	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
chairman	NN
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
Attorney	NNP
or	CC
his	PRP$
designee	NN
,	,
when	WRB
requested	VBN
,	,
shall	MD
prepare	VB
ordinances	NNS
,	,
resolutions	NNS
,	,
motions	NNS
,	,
contracts	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
documents	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
shall	MD
be	VB
delivered	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Clerk	NNP
in	IN
conformity	NN
with	IN
Rule	NNP
IV	NNP
and	CC
Rule	NNP
VIII	NNP
.	.
A	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
shall	MD
be	VB
forthwith	JJ
furnished	VBN
to	TO
each	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
by	IN
the	DT
Clerk	NNP
.	.
All	DT
prepared	JJ
ordinances	NNS
,	,
resolutions	NNS
and	CC
legal	JJ
documents	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
Attorney	NNP
or	CC
his	PRP$
designee	NN
and	CC
bear	VB
his	PRP$
notation	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
correct	JJ
in	IN
form	NN
.	.
Before	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
shall	MD
make	VB
any	DT
agreement	NN
to	TO
buy	VB
,	,
purchase	NN
,	,
or	CC
contract	NN
services	NNS
,	,
or	CC
in	IN
any	DT
way	NN
commit	VBP
monies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
$	$
100.00	CD
,	,
or	CC
request	NN
any	DT
monies	NNS
for	IN
services	NNS
,	,
expenses	NNS
or	CC
fees	NNS
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
$	$
100.00	CD
,	,
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
will	MD
first	RB
have	VB
prior	RB
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Finance	NNP
Committee	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
Council	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Berkeley	NNP
County	NNP
Farmland	NNP
Protection	NNP
Board	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
BCFPB	NNP
or	CC
Board	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
asks	VBZ
if	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
meet	VB
in	IN
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
to	TO
review	VB
and	CC
discuss	VB
applications	NNS
from	IN
landowners	NNS
seeking	VBG
to	TO
have	VB
their	PRP$
property	NN
included	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
Berkeley	NNP
County	NNP
Farmland	NNP
Protection	NNP
Program	NNP
.	.
The	DT
BCFPB	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
meeting	VBG
to	TO
consider	VB
requests	NNS
from	IN
eligible	JJ
landowners	NNS
to	TO
have	VB
real	JJ
property	NN
included	VBD
in	IN
an	DT
established	VBN
Farmland	NNP
Protection	NNP
Program	NNP
.	.
Applications	NNS
offering	VBG
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
easements	NNS
excluding	VBG
such	JJ
property	NN
from	IN
being	VBG
used	VBN
for	IN
non-agricultural	JJ
purposes	NNS
are	VBP
expected	VBN
to	TO
exceed	VB
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
funds	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
purchase	VB
the	DT
required	JJ
easements	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
must	MD
consider	VB
several	JJ
factors	NNS
in	IN
determining	VBG
which	WDT
easements	NNS
will	MD
provide	VB
the	DT
best	JJS
public	JJ
value	NN
from	IN
available	JJ
funds	NNS
.	.
Meeting	VBG
Notice	NNP
-	:
Special	JJ
Meetings	NNS
The	DT
Authority	NNP
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
if	IN
it	PRP
posted	VBD
notice	NN
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
date	NN
.	.
Notices	NNS
of	IN
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
must	MD
include	VB
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
and	CC
,	,
unlike	IN
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
notices	NNS
,	,
must	MD
explain	VB
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
number	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
referred	VBD
to	TO
above	IN
excludes	VBZ
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
an	DT
intervening	VBG
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
,	,
the	DT
Authority	NNP
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
issuing	VBG
notice	NN
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
to	TO
be	VB
held	VBN
on	IN
Friday	NNP
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
before	IN
the	DT
close	NN
of	IN
business	NN
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Wednesday	NNP
.	.
How	WRB
The	DT
Authority	NNP
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
,	,
if	IN
it	PRP
posts	VBZ
the	DT
agenda	NN
in	IN
an	DT
appropriate	JJ
public	JJ
space	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
office	NN
,	,
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
having	VBG
copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
picked	VBN
up	RP
at	IN
its	PRP$
office	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
meetings	NNS
are	VBP
routinely	RB
covered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
news	NN
media	NNS
,	,
providing	VBG
a	DT
copy	NN
to	TO
those	DT
media	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
agenda	NN
is	VBZ
posted	VBN
is	VBZ
encouraged	VBN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
Authority	NNP
has	VBZ
made	VBN
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
three	CD
days	NNS
or	CC
more	JJR
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
,	,
at	IN
its	PRP$
option	NN
,	,
amend	VB
the	DT
agenda	NN
to	TO
add	VB
additional	JJ
items	NNS
of	IN
business	NN
-	:
items	NNS
not	RB
known	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
was	VBD
prepared	VBN
and	CC
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
Amendments	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
as	IN
late	JJ
as	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
made	VBD
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
permits	VBZ
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
of	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
to	TO
convene	VB
an	DT
emergency	NN
meeting	NN
and	CC
take	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
on	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
action	NN
without	IN
the	DT
normal	JJ
advance	NN
notice	NN
required	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
or	CC
special	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
this	DT
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
determined	VBN
that	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
conducting	VBG
an	DT
emergency	NN
meeting	NN
must	MD
nonetheless	RB
issue	VB
a	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
stating	VBG
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
and	CC
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
explaining	VBG
the	DT
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
which	WDT
justify	VBP
taking	VBG
immediate	JJ
action	NN
.	.
This	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
should	MD
be	VB
publicly	RB
posted	VBN
and	CC
distributed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
for	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
or	CC
special	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
is	VBZ
proposing	VBG
to	TO
adopt	VB
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
which	WDT
will	MD
require	VB
that	IN
notice	NN
of	IN
all	DT
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
least	JJS
five	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
and	CC
that	IN
agendas	NNS
for	IN
such	JJ
meetings	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
and	CC
available	JJ
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
not	RB
including	VBG
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
.	.
Notice	NNP
of	IN
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
including	VBG
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
and	CC
purpose	NN
will	MD
similarly	RB
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
.	.
A	DT
complete	JJ
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
are	VBP
attached	VBN
to	TO
this	DT
advisory	JJ
opinion	NN
as	IN
Appendix	NNP
A.	NN
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
notices	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
'	POS
s	PRP
website	NN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
notices	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
least	JJS
five	CD
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Said	NNP
notices	NNS
shall	MD
contain	VB
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
date	NN
,	,
and	CC
location	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
agenda	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
's	POS
website	NN
and	CC
made	VBN
available	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Planning	NNP
Office	NNP
,	,
located	VBN
at	IN
1000	CD
Elmer	NNP
Prince	NNP
Drive	NNP
,	,
Room	NNP
215	CD
,	,
Morgantown	NNP
,	,
WV	NNP
26505,304-598-5103	CD
,	,
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
notices	NNS
and	CC
agendas	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
delivered	VBN
to	TO
various	JJ
forms	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
news	NN
media	NNS
including	VBG
local	JJ
newspaper	NN
,	,
radio	NN
,	,
and	CC
public	JJ
access	NN
television	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
three-day	JJ
period	NN
will	MD
exclude	VB
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
canceled	VBN
or	CC
postponed	VBN
,	,
a	DT
notice	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
cancellation	NN
or	CC
postponement	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
said	VBD
Courthouse	NN
location	NN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
feasible	JJ
after	IN
such	JJ
cancellation	NN
or	CC
postponement	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
determined	VBN
.	.
Office	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
front	JJ
door	NN
of	IN
the	DT
main	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Monongalia	NNP
County	NNP
Courthouse	NN
not	RB
less	JJR
than	IN
three	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
a	DT
specially	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
held	VBN
,	,
stating	VBG
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
,	,
and	CC
purpose	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
such	JJ
special	JJ
meeting	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
.	.
Notices	NNS
and	CC
agendas	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
'	POS
s	PRP
website	NN
not	RB
less	JJR
than	IN
three	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
notices	NNS
and	CC
agendas	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
delivered	VBN
to	TO
various	JJ
forms	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
news	NN
media	NNS
including	VBG
local	JJ
newspaper	NN
,	,
radio	NN
,	,
and	CC
public	JJ
access	NN
television	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
three-day	JJ
period	NN
will	MD
exclude	VB
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
canceled	VBN
or	CC
postponed	VBN
,	,
a	DT
notice	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
cancellation	NN
or	CC
postponement	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
said	VBD
Courthouse	NN
location	NN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
feasible	JJ
after	IN
such	JJ
cancellation	NN
or	CC
postponement	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
determined	VBN
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
open	JJ
portion	NN
of	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
prior	RB
to	TO
convening	VBG
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
,	,
the	DT
President	NNP
shall	MD
identify	VB
the	DT
authorization	NN
for	IN
conducting	VBG
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
present	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
present	NN
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
An	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
shall	MD
only	RB
be	VB
held	VBN
upon	IN
a	DT
majority	NN
affirmative	JJ
vote	NN
of	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
present	JJ
and	CC
no	DT
decision	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
.	.
Commissioners	NNS
are	VBP
sometimes	RB
invited	VBN
to	TO
social	JJ
events	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
banquets	NNS
and	CC
receptions	NNS
where	WRB
two	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
Commissioners	NNS
are	VBP
present	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Commissioners	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
discuss	VB
official	JJ
Commission	NN
business	NN
during	IN
these	DT
gatherings	NNS
.	.
Commissioners	NNS
,	,
are	VBP
out	IN
of	IN
bounds	NNS
.	.
Elected	VBN
officials	NNS
remain	VBP
free	JJ
to	TO
meet	VB
with	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
,	,
their	PRP$
constituents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
public	JJ
office	NN
holders	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
any	DT
conversation	NN
among	IN
a	DT
quorum	NN
of	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
which	WDT
involves	VBZ
deliberating	VBG
toward	IN
a	DT
decision	NN
on	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
requiring	VBG
official	JJ
action	NN
must	MD
be	VB
deferred	VBN
until	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
can	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
and	CC
discussed	VBN
during	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
consists	VBZ
of	IN
11	CD
members	NNS
,	,
one	CD
of	IN
whom	WP
is	VBZ
a	DT
sitting	VBG
County	NNP
Commissioner	NNP
.	.
Several	JJ
days	NNS
before	IN
each	DT
monthly	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
President	NNP
and	CC
County	NNP
Planner	NNP
will	MD
discuss	VB
what	WP
items	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
information	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
staff	NN
,	,
county	NN
engineer	NN
,	,
applicants	NNS
,	,
or	CC
others	NNS
,	,
so	RB
that	IN
proper	JJ
action	NN
can	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
at	IN
an	DT
upcoming	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
even	RB
a	DT
quorum	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Commissioners	NNS
may	MD
meet	VB
to	TO
discuss	VB
purely	RB
logistical	JJ
matters	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
which	WDT
items	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
included	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
data	NNS
or	CC
documentation	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
provided	VBN
by	IN
various	JJ
participants	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
without	IN
violating	VBG
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
.	.
However	RB
,	,
any	DT
conversation	NN
among	IN
a	DT
quorum	NN
of	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
which	WDT
involves	VBZ
deliberating	VBG
toward	IN
a	DT
decision	NN
on	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
requiring	VBG
official	JJ
action	NN
must	MD
be	VB
deferred	VBN
until	IN
such	JJ
matter	NN
can	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
of	IN
a	DT
properly	RB
noticed	VBN
meeting	NN
.	.
In	IN
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Advisory	NNP
Opinion	NNP
2002-04	CD
issued	VBN
on	IN
March	NNP
7	CD
,	,
2002	CD
,	,
this	DT
Committee	NNP
generally	RB
approved	VBD
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
adopted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Berkeley	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
noting	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
rules	NNS
needed	VBN
to	TO
more	RBR
specifically	RB
provide	VB
for	IN
intervening	VBG
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
notice	NN
period	NN
,	,
a	DT
two-day	JJ
notice	NN
period	NN
for	IN
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
and	CC
where	WRB
meeting	NN
agendas	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
Monday	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
at	IN
10:00	CD
a.	NNP
m.	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
first	JJ
Thursday	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
at	IN
9:30	CD
a.m.	NN
and	CC
7:00	CD
p.m.	NN
Any	DT
additional	JJ
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
called	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
noticed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
as	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
scheduled	VBN
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
For	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
counting	VBG
any	DT
time	NN
period	NN
in	IN
these	DT
Rules	NNS
,	,
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
counted	VBN
.	.
Commission	NNP
meetings	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
canceled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
or	CC
on	IN
days	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
holidays	NNS
fall	VBP
will	MD
be	VB
so	RB
noticed	VBN
.	.
Notice	NNP
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
by	IN
posting	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
's	POS
web	NN
site	NN
and	CC
on	IN
the	DT
main	JJ
Courthouse	NN
door	NN
at	IN
100	CD
West	NNP
King	NNP
Street	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Berkeley	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
shall	MD
accept	VB
items	NNS
for	IN
inclusion	NN
on	IN
the	DT
weekly	JJ
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
unti112	JJ
:00	CD
noon	NN
on	IN
each	DT
Friday	NNP
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
event	NN
that	IN
a	DT
given	VBN
Friday	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
scheduled	VBN
holiday	NN
,	,
the	DT
deadline	NN
for	IN
submittal	NN
will	MD
be	VB
5:00	CD
p.m.	RB
on	IN
the	DT
Thursday	NNP
before	IN
the	DT
holiday	NN
.	.
Agendas	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
weekly	JJ
meetings	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
the	DT
media	NNS
after	IN
9:00	CD
a.m.	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Tuesday	NNP
before	IN
the	DT
Thursday	NNP
Commission	NNP
meeting	NN
in	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
office	NN
located	VBN
at	IN
126	CD
West	NNP
King	NNP
Street	NNP
and	CC
on	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
's	POS
website	NN
.	.
Agenda	NNP
's	POS
for	IN
the	DT
monthly	JJ
Monday	NNP
a.m.	NN
meeting	NN
will	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Thursday	NNP
after	IN
10:00	CD
a.m.	NN
in	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
offices	NNS
located	VBN
at	IN
126	CD
West	NNP
King	NNP
Street	NNP
and	CC
on	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
'	POS
s	PRP
website	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
event	NN
of	IN
an	DT
intervening	VBG
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
,	,
the	DT
agenda	NN
will	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
one	CD
working	VBG
day	NN
earlier	RB
.	.
The	DT
Berkeley	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
establishes	VBZ
times	NNS
on	IN
each	DT
agenda	NN
devoted	VBN
to	TO
items	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
Any	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
public	NN
is	VBZ
invited	VBN
to	TO
speak	VB
on	IN
a	DT
given	VBN
topic	NN
during	IN
those	DT
designed	VBN
times	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
item	NN
requires	VBZ
action	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
scheduled	VBN
agenda	NN
item	NN
,	,
the	DT
issue	NN
will	MD
be	VB
scheduled	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
Commission	NNP
meeting	NN
so	IN
that	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
noticed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
manner	NN
specified	VBN
,	,
prior	RB
to	TO
Commission	NNP
action	NN
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
permits	VBZ
governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
to	TO
conduct	VB
meetings	NNS
via	IN
telephone	NN
conference	NN
,	,
provided	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
persons	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
participating	VBG
by	IN
telephone	NN
are	VBP
audible	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
attending	VBG
the	DT
meeting	NN
in	IN
person	NN
.	.
This	DT
option	NN
may	MD
enable	VB
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
to	TO
obtain	VB
a	DT
quorum	NN
when	WRB
not	RB
enough	RB
voting	VBG
members	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
physically	RB
present	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
address	VB
whether	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
may	MD
conduct	VB
a	DT
roll	NN
call	NN
vote	NN
.	.
It	PRP
simply	RB
provides	VBZ
that	IN
if	IN
a	DT
roll	NN
call	NN
vote	NN
is	VBZ
conducted	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
procedures	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
,	,
the	DT
vote	NN
of	IN
each	DT
member	NN
by	IN
name	NN
must	MD
be	VB
recorded	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
minutes	NNS
.	.
Commission	NNP
Office	NNP
,	,
Wyoming	NNP
Street	NNP
,	,
Welch	NNP
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
each	DT
meeting	NN
will	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
door	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
Office	NNP
before	IN
the	DT
close	NN
of	IN
business	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
For	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
counting	VBG
this	DT
three-day	JJ
period	NN
,	,
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
included	VBN
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
business	NN
Wednesday	NNP
meeting	NN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
an	DT
intervening	VBG
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
,	,
the	DT
agenda	NN
will	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
the	DT
close	NN
of	IN
business	NN
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Friday	NNP
.	.
Whenever	NNP
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
scheduled	VBN
,	,
notice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
containing	VBG
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
,	,
and	CC
purpose	NN
will	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
In	IN
counting	VBG
this	DT
two-day	JJ
period	NN
,	,
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
shall	MD
likewise	RB
be	VB
excluded	VBN
.	.
Except	IN
for	IN
emergency	NN
matters	NNS
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
action	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
,	,
no	DT
action	NN
will	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
included	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
for	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
or	CC
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
as	IN
previously	RB
provided	VBN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
event	NN
of	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
action	NN
,	,
notice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
,	,
and	CC
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
statement	NN
explaining	VBG
the	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
requiring	VBG
a	DT
meeting	NN
with	IN
less	JJR
notice	NN
than	IN
usual	JJ
,	,
will	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
far	RB
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
event	NN
of	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
meeting	NN
,	,
the	DT
meeting	NN
minutes	NNS
will	MD
also	RB
reflect	VB
the	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
requiring	VBG
the	DT
Commission	NNP
to	TO
meet	VB
without	IN
affording	VBG
the	DT
usual	JJ
public	JJ
notice	NN
.	.
Should	MD
an	DT
item	NN
be	VB
added	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
agenda	NN
of	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
or	CC
special	JJ
meeting	NN
on	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
basis	NN
,	,
the	DT
minutes	NNS
of	IN
that	DT
meeting	NN
will	MD
similarly	RB
reflect	VB
the	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
.	.
Any	DT
person	NN
wishing	VBG
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
commission	NN
may	MD
register	VB
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
no	RB
later	RB
than	IN
15	CD
minutes	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
was	VBD
properly	RB
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
no	DT
action	NN
will	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
that	WDT
does	VBZ
not	RB
involve	VB
an	DT
emergency	NN
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
action	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	DT
matter	NN
will	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
over	IN
to	TO
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
News	NNP
media	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
local	JJ
radio	NN
and	CC
newspapers	NNS
,	,
will	MD
be	VB
notified	VBN
forty	CD
eight	CD
hours	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
any	DT
regular	JJ
or	CC
special	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
understanding	NN
this	DT
is	VBZ
only	RB
a	DT
notification	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
required	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
published	VBN
or	CC
broadcast	VBN
.	.
The	DT
administrative	JJ
hearing	NN
afforded	VBD
deputy	NN
sheriffs	NNS
under	IN
the	DT
civil	JJ
service	NN
system	NN
established	VBN
for	IN
deputies	NNS
is	VBZ
a	DT
quasi-judicial	JJ
meeting	NN
that	WDT
falls	VBZ
within	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
stated	VBN
exemptions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
although	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
must	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
when	WRB
meeting	VBG
to	TO
exercise	VB
any	DT
general	JJ
legislative	JJ
or	CC
executive	JJ
authority	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
required	VBN
to	TO
follow	VB
the	DT
open	JJ
meeting	NN
requirements	NNS
when	WRB
conducting	VBG
hearings	NNS
on	IN
deputy	NN
sheriff	NN
disciplinary	JJ
matters	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Consolidated	NNP
Public	NNP
Retirement	NNP
Board	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Board	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
its	PRP$
administrative	JJ
decisions	NNS
on	IN
benefit	NN
determination	NN
appeals	NNS
are	VBP
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
requires	VBZ
the	DT
Board	NNP
to	TO
allow	VB
oral	JJ
argument	NN
before	IN
deciding	VBG
an	DT
appeal	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
renders	VBZ
final	JJ
administrative	JJ
decisions	NNS
on	IN
appeals	NNS
from	IN
participants	NNS
during	IN
its	PRP$
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
by	IN
reviewing	VBG
the	DT
findings	NNS
and	CC
recommendations	NNS
submitted	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
hearing	NN
officer	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
conducted	VBN
an	DT
administrative	JJ
hearing	NN
on	IN
the	DT
appeal	NN
.	.
Plan	NN
participants	NNS
whose	WP$
appeals	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
considered	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
are	VBP
provided	VBN
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
attend	VB
,	,
but	CC
may	MD
only	RB
address	VB
the	DT
Board	NNP
through	IN
written	VBN
pleadings	NNS
.	.
Act	NNP
contains	VBZ
no	DT
provision	NN
requiring	VBG
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
to	TO
allow	VB
public	JJ
participation	NN
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
simply	RB
provides	VBZ
that	IN
if	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
is	VBZ
allowed	VBN
,	,
those	DT
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
comment	VB
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
sign	VB
up	RP
more	JJR
than	IN
fifteen	CD
minutes	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
may	MD
or	CC
may	MD
not	RB
permit	VB
oral	JJ
argument	NN
on	IN
appeals	NNS
in	IN
its	PRP$
discretion	NN
,	,
without	IN
violating	VBG
any	DT
provision	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
Employees	NNS
Grievance	NNP
Board	NNP
``	``
shall	MD
hold	VB
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
meetings	NNS
yearly	JJ
at	IN
times	NNS
and	CC
places	NNS
as	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
prescribe	VB
and	CC
may	MD
meet	VB
at	IN
other	JJ
times	NNS
as	IN
may	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
...	:
''	''
;	:
and	CC
2.4	CD
.	.
Section	NN
5	CD
,	,
Article	NNP
6A	NNP
,	,
Chapter	NNP
29	CD
of	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
provides	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
shall	MD
evaluate	VB
the	DT
level	NN
four	CD
grievance	NN
process	NN
on	IN
an	DT
annual	JJ
basis	NN
,	,
notifying	VBG
all	DT
employers	NNS
,	,
employees	NNS
organizations	NNS
,	,
the	DT
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
division	NN
of	IN
personnel	NNS
and	CC
all	DT
grievants	NNS
participating	VBG
in	IN
level	NN
four	CD
grievances	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
year	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
evaluation	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
made	VBN
and	CC
shall	MD
provide	VB
for	IN
the	DT
submission	NN
of	IN
written	VBN
comment	NN
or	CC
the	DT
hearing	NN
of	IN
testimony	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
grievance	NN
process	NN
,	,
or	CC
both	DT
.	.
However	RB
,	,
advance	NN
arrangements	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
necessary	JJ
as	IN
such	JJ
person	NN
may	MD
sign	VB
in	IN
prior	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
scheduled	VBN
commencement	NN
of	IN
any	DT
regular	JJ
or	CC
special	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Any	DT
speaker	NN
shall	MD
provide	VB
his\/her	NN
name	NN
,	,
mailing	VBG
address	NN
,	,
telephone	NN
number	NN
and	CC
the	DT
subject	NN
to	TO
be	VB
addressed	VBN
.	.
Presentations	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
limited	VBN
to	TO
five	CD
minutes	NNS
,	,
unless	IN
otherwise	RB
designated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
On	IN
such	JJ
occasions	NNS
,	,
members	NNS
may	MD
attend	VB
and	CC
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
by	IN
telephone	NN
or	CC
video	NN
teleconference	NN
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
extent	NN
as	IN
if	IN
physically	RB
present	JJ
.	.
A	DT
speakerphone	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
audio\/video	JJ
device	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
site	NN
to	TO
enable	VB
those	DT
present	JJ
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
public	NN
,	,
to	TO
hear\/see	VB
the	DT
members	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
attending	VBG
and	CC
participating	VBG
by	IN
telephone	NN
or	CC
video	NN
teleconference	NN
.	.
New	NNP
Martinsville	NNP
City	NNP
Council	NNP
has	VBZ
certain	JJ
permanent	JJ
,	,
or	CC
standing	NN
,	,
committees	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
certain	JJ
special	JJ
committees	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
appointed	VBN
on	IN
an	DT
ad	NN
hoc	FW
basis	NN
.	.
From	IN
time	NN
to	TO
time	NN
,	,
some	DT
of	IN
these	DT
committees	NNS
may	MD
interview	VB
applicants	NNS
for	IN
employment	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
sometimes	RB
attends	VBZ
public	JJ
meetings	NNS
of	IN
committees	NNS
on	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
serve	VB
,	,
and	CC
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
remain	VB
in	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
during	IN
executive	JJ
sessions	NNS
.	.
A	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
Member	NNP
may	MD
attend	VB
a	DT
properly	RB
noticed	VBN
open	JJ
meeting	NN
of	IN
a	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
Committee	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
basis	NN
as	IN
any	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
or	CC
media	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
defeat	VB
the	DT
purposes	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
quorum	NN
of	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
privately	RB
and	CC
discuss	VB
the	DT
merits	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
they	PRP
will	MD
later	RB
be	VB
deciding	VBG
in	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
should	MD
any	DT
committee	NN
include	VBP
a	DT
quorum	NN
of	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
in	IN
its	PRP$
membership	NN
,	,
its	PRP$
meetings	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
specify	VB
whether	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
a	DT
parent	NN
governing	VBG
body	NN
can	MD
attend	VB
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
of	IN
a	DT
committee	NN
or	CC
subcommittee	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
appointed	VBN
,	,
or	CC
who	WP
may	MD
participate	VB
in	IN
a	DT
committee	NN
meeting	NN
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
a	DT
designated	VBN
member	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
governing	VBG
body	NN
should	MD
determine	VB
these	DT
questions	NNS
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
applicable	JJ
laws	NNS
or	CC
ordinances	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Greenbrier	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
has	VBZ
adopted	VBN
procedures	NNS
governing	VBG
the	DT
issuance	NN
of	IN
meeting	NN
notice	NN
and	CC
meeting	NN
agendas	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
regular	JJ
and	CC
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
meets	VBZ
twice	RB
monthly	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
and	CC
fourth	JJ
Tuesday	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
agendas	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
front	JJ
door	NN
of	IN
the	DT
courthourse	NN
no	RB
later	RB
than	IN
three	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Special	JJ
meeting	NN
notices	NNS
must	MD
also	RB
be	VB
posted	VBN
three	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
.	.
A	DT
complete	JJ
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
are	VBP
attached	VBN
to	TO
this	DT
advisory	JJ
opinion	NN
as	IN
Appendix	NNP
A.	NN
In	IN
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Advisory	NNP
Opinion	NNP
2002-07	CD
,	,
this	DT
Committee	NNP
advised	VBD
the	DT
Clarksburg	NNP
Water	NNP
Board	NNP
that	IN
it	PRP
could	MD
meet	VB
in	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
the	DT
elimination	NN
of	IN
a	DT
position	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
currently	RB
filled	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
employee	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
permits	VBZ
the	DT
affected	JJ
employee	NN
to	TO
request	NN
that	IN
this	DT
discussion	NN
be	VB
conducted	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
session	NN
.	.
The	DT
Clarksburg	NNP
Water	NNP
Board	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Board	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
asks	VBZ
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
if	IN
it	PRP
can	MD
go	VB
into	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
a	DT
matter	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
not	RB
listed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
what	WP
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
when	WRB
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
is	VBZ
contemplated	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
seeks	VBZ
guidance	NN
on	IN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
an	DT
item	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
not	RB
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
but	CC
which	WDT
is	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
discussion	NN
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
issue	NN
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
discussed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
where	WRB
it	PRP
comes	VBZ
up	RP
,	,
how	WRB
should	MD
the	DT
matter	NN
be	VB
described	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Nevertheless	RB
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
may	MD
conduct	VB
this	DT
limited	JJ
discussion	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
if	IN
official	JJ
action	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
,	,
provided	VBD
two	CD
conditions	NNS
are	VBP
met	VBN
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
issue	NN
must	MD
be	VB
one	CD
which	WDT
the	DT
Open	NNP
Governmental	NNP
Proceedings	NNP
Act	NNP
permits	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
discussed	VBN
during	IN
a	DT
session	NN
closed	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
general	JJ
public	NN
;	:
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
Board	NNP
votes	NNS
to	TO
go	VB
into	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
.	.
In	IN
calculating	VBG
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
notice	NN
period	NN
,	,
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
counted	VBN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
an	DT
intervening	VBG
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
,	,
the	DT
Westover	NNP
City	NNP
Council	NNP
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
making	VBG
the	DT
agenda	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
regular	JJ
Monday	NNP
meetings	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
before	IN
the	DT
close	NN
of	IN
business	NN
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Wednesday	NNP
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
has	VBZ
made	VBN
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
three	CD
days	NNS
or	CC
more	JJR
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
,	,
at	IN
its	PRP$
option	NN
,	,
amend	VB
the	DT
agenda	NN
to	TO
add	VB
additional	JJ
items	NNS
of	IN
business	NN
-	:
items	NNS
not	RB
known	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
was	VBD
prepared	VBN
and	CC
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
Amendments	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
as	IN
late	JJ
as	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
made	VBD
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
.	.
Notice	NNP
of	IN
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
and	CC
,	,
like	IN
notice	NN
of	IN
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
must	MD
include	VB
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Unlike	IN
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
special	JJ
meeting	NN
notices	NNS
must	MD
also	RB
explain	VB
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
If	IN
only	RB
one	CD
or	CC
two	CD
matters	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
dealt	VBN
with	IN
at	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
these	DT
matters	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
described	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
statement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
purpose	NN
contained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
notice	NN
,	,
and	CC
no	DT
separate	JJ
agenda	NN
will	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
will	MD
deal	VB
with	IN
several	JJ
matters	NNS
,	,
a	DT
separate	JJ
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
should	MD
be	VB
prepared	VBN
and	CC
included	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
notice	NN
.	.
This	DT
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
determined	VBN
that	IN
a	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
that	IN
meets	VBZ
weekly	RB
,	,
or	CC
more	JJR
frequently	RB
,	,
should	MD
make	VB
its	PRP$
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
each	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
this	DT
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
decided	VBN
that	IN
notice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
,	,
and	CC
purpose	NN
of	IN
any	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
should	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
.	.
In	IN
calculating	VBG
this	DT
two-day	JJ
period	NN
,	,
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
are	VBP
not	RB
counted	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Berkeley	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
meets	VBZ
each	DT
Thursday	NNP
at	IN
9:30	CD
a.m.	NN
The	DT
Commission	NNP
meets	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
Monday	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
at	IN
10:00	CD
a.m.	NN
and	CC
the	DT
first	JJ
Thursday	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
at	IN
9:30	CD
a.m.	NN
and	CC
7:00	CD
p.m.	NN
Any	DT
additional	JJ
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
called	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
noticed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
as	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
scheduled	VBN
.	.
Commission	NNP
meetings	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
canceled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
or	CC
on	IN
days	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
holidays	NNS
falls	VBZ
will	MD
be	VB
so	RB
noticed	VBN
.	.
Agendas	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
weekly	JJ
meetings	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
the	DT
media	NNS
after	IN
9:00	CD
a.m.	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Tuesday	NNP
before	IN
the	DT
Thursday	NNP
Commission	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
Agendas	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
monthly	JJ
Monday	NNP
a.m.	NN
meeting	NN
will	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Thursday	NNP
after	IN
10:00	CD
a.m.	NN
The	DT
Hampshire	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
asks	VBZ
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
when	WRB
they	PRP
must	MD
make	VB
agendas	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
;	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
how	WRB
specific	JJ
must	MD
their	PRP$
agendas	NNS
be	VB
and	CC
in	IN
what	WP
manner	NN
must	MD
the	DT
agenda	NN
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
;	:
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
may	MD
they	PRP
take	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
on	IN
matters	NNS
raised	VBN
during	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
comment	NN
period	NN
,	,
if	IN
those	DT
matters	NNS
were	VBD
not	RB
on	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
Commission	NNP
has	VBZ
made	VBN
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
three	CD
days	NNS
or	CC
more	JJR
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
it	PRP
could	MD
,	,
at	IN
its	PRP$
option	NN
,	,
amend	VB
the	DT
agenda	NN
to	TO
include	VB
additional	JJ
items	NNS
of	IN
business	NN
-	:
items	NNS
not	RB
known	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
was	VBD
prepared	VBN
and	CC
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
Consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
forgoing	VBG
guidance	NN
on	IN
calculating	VBG
the	DT
notice	NN
period	NN
,	,
amendments	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
as	IN
late	JJ
as	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
made	VBD
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
this	DT
discussion	NN
involves	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
those	DT
matters	NNS
which	WDT
the	DT
Board	NNP
may	MD
vote	VB
to	TO
discuss	VB
in	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
affected	JJ
employee	NN
requests	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
be	VB
discussed	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
session	NN
.	.
Any	DT
vote	NN
to	TO
eliminate	VB
the	DT
position	NN
would	MD
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
taken	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
session	NN
.	.
The	DT
Berkeley	NNP
County	NNP
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
meeting	NN
and	CC
submittal	JJ
dates	NNS
are	VBP
set	VBN
in	IN
December	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
previous	JJ
year	NN
and	CC
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
.	.
All	DT
items	NNS
for	IN
inclusion	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
agendas	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
submitted	VBN
by	IN
5:00	CD
p.m.	NN
on	IN
the	DT
dates	NNS
noted	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
Meeting	VBG
and	CC
Submittal	NNP
Dates	VBZ
.	.
Agendas	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
will	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
,	,
the	DT
media	NNS
,	,
and	CC
posted	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
office	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Monday	NNP
before	IN
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
Commission	NNP
meeting	NN
for	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
public	NN
to	TO
sign	VB
up	RP
under	IN
the	DT
Sunshine	NNP
Law	NNP
.	.
This	DT
time	NN
is	VBZ
devoted	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
public	NN
to	TO
speak	VB
on	IN
any	DT
topic	NN
.	.
The	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
will	MD
take	VB
no	DT
official	JJ
action	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
issue	NN
.	.
If	IN
action	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
then	RB
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
shall	MD
place	VB
the	DT
item	NN
on	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
available	JJ
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
agenda	NN
for	IN
discussion	NN
and	CC
action	NN
.	.
The	DT
Raleigh	NNP
County	NNP
Emergency	NNP
Services	NNP
Authority	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
RCESA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
prepare	VB
minutes	NNS
for	IN
executive	JJ
sessions	NNS
,	,
whether	IN
executive	NN
sessions	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
recorded	VBN
,	,
and	CC
whether	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
any	DT
circumstances	NNS
where	WRB
a	DT
discussion	NN
that	WDT
takes	VBZ
place	NN
in	IN
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
would	MD
become	VB
public	JJ
.	.
RCESA	NNP
conducts	VBZ
executive	JJ
sessions	NNS
from	IN
time	NN
to	TO
time	NN
under	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
of	IN
the	DT
exceptions	NNS
provided	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
.	.
Votes	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
taken	VBN
during	IN
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
.	.
RCESA	NNP
seeks	VBZ
guidance	NN
concerning	VBG
making	VBG
a	DT
formal	JJ
record	NN
of	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
that	WDT
occurs	VBZ
in	IN
those	DT
sessions	NNS
.	.
NHLAC	NNP
was	VBD
created	VBN
under	IN
an	DT
administrative	JJ
rule	NN
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
Facility	NNP
Licensure	NNP
and	CC
Certification	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
Bureau	NNP
of	IN
Public	NNP
Health	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Council	NNP
advises	VBZ
the	DT
agency	NN
regarding	VBG
regulatory	JJ
issues	NNS
and	CC
improvement	NN
of	IN
nursing	NN
home	NN
services	NNS
.	.
These	DT
recommendations	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
binding	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
.	.
NHLAC	NNP
includes	VBZ
nursing	NN
home	NN
operators	NNS
,	,
private	JJ
citizens	NNS
and	CC
state	NN
employees	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
hold	VB
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
meetings	NNS
per	IN
year	NN
,	,
one	CD
of	IN
which	WDT
must	MD
be	VB
open	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
EWVRAA	NNP
has	VBZ
adopted	VBN
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
governing	VBG
the	DT
issuance	NN
of	IN
meeting	NN
notices	NNS
and	CC
meeting	NN
agendas	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
regular	JJ
and	CC
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
EWVRAA	NNP
meets	VBZ
monthly	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
Wednesday	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
.	.
The	DT
rules	NNS
provide	VBP
for	IN
issuing	VBG
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
agendas	NNS
three	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
,	,
and	CC
special	JJ
meeting	NN
notices	NNS
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
,	,
excluding	VBG
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
.	.
A	DT
complete	JJ
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
are	VBP
attached	VBN
to	TO
this	DT
advisory	JJ
opinion	NN
as	IN
Appendix	NNP
A.	NN
The	DT
Eastern	NNP
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Regional	NNP
Airport	NNP
Authority	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
``	``
Authority	NNP
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
meets	VBZ
the	DT
first	JJ
Wednesday	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
at	IN
an	DT
Airport	NNP
location	NN
at	IN
8:00	CD
a.m.	RB
Any	DT
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
called	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
noticed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
no	DT
less	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
excluding	VBG
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
,	,
Saturdays	NNP
and	CC
Sundays	NNPS
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
advance	NN
thereof	RB
.	.
Authority	NNP
meetings	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
canceled	VBN
or	CC
fall	VB
on	IN
holidays	NNS
usually	RB
are	VBP
re-scheduled	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
following	JJ
Wednesday	NNP
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
so	RB
noticed	VBN
.	.
Notices	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
meetings	NNS
,	,
both	DT
regular	JJ
and	CC
special	JJ
,	,
are	VBP
faxed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Berkeley	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
City	NNP
of	IN
Martinsburg	NNP
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Air	NNP
National	NNP
Guard	NNP
and	CC
local	JJ
news	NN
media	NNS
and	CC
posted	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
Terminal	NNP
no	RB
less	JJR
than	IN
three	CD
days	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
excluding	VBG
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
,	,
Saturdays	NNP
and	CC
Sundays	NNPS
-RRB-	-RRB-
prior	RB
to	TO
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
and	CC
no	DT
less	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
excluding	VBG
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
,	,
Saturdays	NNP
and	CC
Sundays	NNPS
-RRB-	-RRB-
before	IN
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
except	IN
in	IN
the	DT
event	NN
of	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
action	NN
.	.
Notices	NNS
shall	MD
contain	VB
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
of	IN
all	DT
meetings	NNS
,	,
the	DT
agenda	NN
in	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
in	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
invites	VBZ
the	DT
public	NN
to	TO
speak	VB
briefly	NN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
each	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
If	IN
an	DT
item	NN
requires	VBZ
official	JJ
action	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
and	CC
was	VBD
not	RB
a	DT
scheduled	VBN
agenda	NN
item	NN
,	,
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
scheduled	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
regular	JJ
Authority	NNP
meeting	NN
so	IN
that	IN
notice	NN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
prior	RB
to	TO
Authority	NNP
action	NN
.	.
In	IN
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Advisory	NNP
Opinion	NNP
2001-35	CD
issued	VBN
on	IN
December	NNP
6	CD
,	,
2001	CD
,	,
this	DT
Committee	NNP
generally	RB
approved	VBD
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
adopted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Pocahontas	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
noting	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
rules	NNS
should	MD
provide	VB
more	JJR
specifically	RB
for	IN
notice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
of	IN
each	DT
regular	JJ
and	CC
special	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
for	IN
each	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
requestor	NN
has	VBZ
adopted	VBN
revised	VBN
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
containing	VBG
the	DT
provisions	NNS
recommended	VBD
.	.
These	DT
rules	NNS
are	VBP
attached	VBN
as	IN
Appendix	NNP
A.	NN
The	DT
Commission	NNP
will	MD
hold	VB
its	PRP$
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
1st	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
third	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
3rd	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Tuesdays	NNPS
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
located	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Pocahontas	NNP
County	NNP
Courthouse	NN
,	,
Marlinton	NNP
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
front	JJ
door	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Courthouse	NN
no	RB
later	RB
than	IN
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
before	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
excluding	VBG
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
,	,
by	IN
4:30	CD
p.m.	NN
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
,	,
except	IN
for	IN
emergency	NN
situations	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
.	.
Should	MD
a	DT
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
fall	NN
on	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
as	IN
outlined	VBN
above	IN
,	,
prior	RB
to	TO
a	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
agenda	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
front	JJ
door	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Courthouse	NN
one	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
day	NN
earlier	RB
by	IN
4:30	CD
p.m.	NN
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
to	TO
account	VB
for	IN
the	DT
holiday	NN
,	,
except	IN
for	IN
emergency	NN
situations	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
.	.
No	DT
action	NN
will	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
on	IN
any	DT
agenda	NN
item	NN
added	VBD
after	IN
the	DT
4:30	CD
p.m.	NN
deadline	NN
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
,	,
except	IN
for	IN
emergency	NN
situations	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
.	.
Reasonable	JJ
effort	NN
will	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
notice	NN
of	IN
meetings	NNS
via	IN
fax	NN
to	TO
the	DT
local	JJ
media	NNS
by	IN
4:30	CD
p.m.	NN
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
.	.
Special	JJ
meetings	NNS
scheduled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
will	MD
also	RB
be	VB
governed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
day	NN
guidelines	NNS
outlined	VBN
above	IN
,	,
and	CC
shall	MD
contain	VB
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
and	CC
purpose	NN
of	IN
same	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Preston	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
seeks	VBZ
guidance	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
deadline	NN
for	IN
issuing	VBG
meeting	NN
agendas	NNS
,	,
agenda	NN
specificity	NN
,	,
addressing	VBG
items	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
not	RB
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
and	CC
discussions	NNS
among	IN
Commissioners	NNS
outside	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Preston	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
meets	VBZ
weekly	JJ
on	IN
Monday	NNP
at	IN
9:30	CD
A.M.	NNP
The	DT
three	CD
Commissioners	NNS
share	VBP
a	DT
single	JJ
office	NN
.	.
From	IN
time	NN
to	TO
time	NN
,	,
two	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
Commissioners	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
present	JJ
when	WRB
no	DT
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
scheduled	VBN
.	.
On	IN
occasion	NN
,	,
an	DT
elected	VBN
official	NN
or	CC
constituent	NN
may	MD
come	VB
in	IN
to	TO
discuss	VB
matters	NNS
with	IN
two	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
Commissioners	NNS
which	WDT
will	MD
require	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
a	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
meeting	NN
weekly	RB
,	,
the	DT
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
ruled	VBN
that	IN
making	VBG
an	DT
agenda	NN
available	JJ
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
Similarly	RB
,	,
the	DT
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
determined	VBN
that	IN
notice	NN
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
,	,
and	CC
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
should	MD
be	VB
issued	VBN
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
.	.
The	DT
Committee	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
these	DT
same	JJ
two-day	JJ
notice	NN
periods	NNS
are	VBP
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
Preston	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
also	RB
determined	VBN
an	DT
agenda	NN
may	MD
be	VB
amended	VBN
to	TO
add	VB
additional	JJ
items	NNS
of	IN
business	NN
-	:
items	NNS
not	RB
known	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
was	VBD
prepared	VBN
and	CC
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
-	:
no	RB
later	RB
than	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
unless	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
matter	NN
.	.
Routine	JJ
matters	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
approval	NN
of	IN
purchases	NNS
and	CC
contracts	NNS
that	WDT
come	VBP
up	RP
after	IN
the	DT
deadline	NN
for	IN
issuing	VBG
an	DT
amendment	NN
has	VBZ
passed	VBN
,	,
must	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
over	IN
to	TO
the	DT
next	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
If	IN
an	DT
agenda	NN
is	VBZ
amended	VBN
to	TO
accommodate	VB
action	NN
on	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
matter	NN
,	,
both	CC
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
and	CC
the	DT
meeting	NN
minutes	NNS
must	MD
explain	VB
the	DT
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
.	.
Although	IN
office	NN
holders	NNS
may	MD
make	VB
presentations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Commission	NNP
regarding	VBG
matters	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
not	RB
specified	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
may	MD
not	RB
take	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
on	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
not	RB
fairly	RB
described	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
unless	IN
it	PRP
involves	VBZ
an	DT
emergency	NN
situation	NN
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
action	NN
.	.
Otherwise	RB
,	,
when	WRB
a	DT
matter	NN
requiring	VBG
official	JJ
action	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
is	VBZ
brought	VBN
up	RP
in	IN
a	DT
presentation	NN
,	,
the	DT
item	NN
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
and	CC
addressed	VBD
at	IN
a	DT
subsequent	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Commissioners	NNS
in	IN
Preston	NNP
County	NNP
,	,
are	VBP
out	IN
of	IN
bounds	NNS
.	.
Elected	VBN
officials	NNS
remain	VBP
free	JJ
to	TO
meet	VB
with	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
,	,
their	PRP$
constituents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
public	JJ
office	NN
holders	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
any	DT
conversation	NN
among	IN
a	DT
quorum	NN
of	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
which	WDT
involves	VBZ
deliberating	VBG
toward	IN
a	DT
decision	NN
on	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
requiring	VBG
official	JJ
action	NN
must	MD
be	VB
deferred	VBN
until	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
can	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
and	CC
discussed	VBN
during	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Pocahontas	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
has	VBZ
adopted	VBN
procedures	NNS
governing	VBG
the	DT
issuance	NN
of	IN
meeting	NN
notice	NN
and	CC
meeting	NN
agendas	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
regular	JJ
and	CC
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
meets	VBZ
twice	RB
monthly	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
and	CC
third	JJ
Tuesday	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
agendas	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
front	JJ
door	NN
of	IN
the	DT
courthourse	NN
no	RB
later	RB
than	IN
three	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Special	JJ
meetings	NNS
must	MD
also	RB
be	VB
posted	VBN
three	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
.	.
A	DT
complete	JJ
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
are	VBP
attached	VBN
to	TO
this	DT
advisory	JJ
opinion	NN
as	IN
Appendix	NNP
A.	NN
From	IN
time	NN
to	TO
time	NN
between	IN
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meetings	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Library	NNP
Board	NNP
,	,
an	DT
item	NN
of	IN
business	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
purchase	NN
of	IN
a	DT
piece	NN
of	IN
equipment	NN
,	,
may	MD
arise	VB
.	.
These	DT
purchases	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
involve	VB
emergency	NN
situations	NNS
.	.
On	IN
these	DT
occasions	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
President	NNP
may	MD
elect	VB
to	TO
call	VB
each	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
individually	RB
and	CC
obtain	VB
their	PRP$
vote	NN
on	IN
approving	VBG
or	CC
disapproving	VBG
the	DT
purchase	NN
,	,
rather	RB
than	IN
call	VB
a	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Library	NNP
Board	NNP
with	IN
appropriate	JJ
notice	NN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
.	.
Meeting	VBG
means	VBZ
the	DT
convening	VBG
of	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
of	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
a	DT
quorum	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
decision	NN
or	CC
to	TO
deliberate	JJ
toward	IN
a	DT
decision	NN
on	IN
any	DT
matter	NN
which	WDT
results	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
official	JJ
action	NN
.	.
Meetings	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
by	IN
telephone	NN
conference	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
electronic	JJ
means	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Committee	NNP
notes	VBZ
that	IN
while	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
permits	VBZ
meetings	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
held	VBN
by	IN
telephone	NN
,	,
such	JJ
meetings	NNS
are	VBP
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
other	JJ
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
giving	VBG
appropriate	JJ
public	JJ
notice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
making	VBG
an	DT
agenda	NN
available	JJ
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
keeping	VBG
proper	JJ
minutes	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
when	WRB
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
members	NNS
participate	VB
in	IN
a	DT
telephone	NN
or	CC
video	NN
conference	NN
,	,
a	DT
public	JJ
place	NN
must	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
attend	VB
,	,
and	CC
those	DT
members	NNS
participating	VBG
by	IN
telephone	NN
must	MD
be	VB
audible	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
those	DT
personally	RB
present	JJ
.	.
BCDA	NNP
proposes	VBZ
adopting	VBG
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
governing	VBG
the	DT
issuance	NN
of	IN
meeting	NN
notice	NN
and	CC
meeting	NN
agendas	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
regular	JJ
and	CC
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
BCDA	NNP
meets	VBZ
monthly	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
Wednesday	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
posting	VBG
a	DT
notice	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meetings	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
front	JJ
door	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
office	NN
,	,
BCDA	NNP
will	MD
similarly	RB
post	VB
notice	NN
of	IN
any	DT
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
,	,
excluding	VBG
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
.	.
Agendas	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
the	DT
media	NNS
on	IN
Friday	NNP
preceding	VBG
each	DT
regular	JJ
Wednesday	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
A	DT
complete	JJ
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
are	VBP
attached	VBN
to	TO
this	DT
advisory	JJ
opinion	NN
as	IN
Appendix	NNP
A.	NN
A	DT
schedule	NN
of	IN
the	DT
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Berkeley	NNP
County	NNP
Development	NNP
Authority	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
front	JJ
door	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
office	NN
at	IN
110	CD
West	NNP
Burke	NNP
Street	NNP
,	,
Martinsburg	NNP
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
and	CC
notice	NN
of	IN
any	DT
change	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
location	NN
will	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
said	VBD
location	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
excluding	VBG
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
,	,
Saturdays	NNP
and	CC
Sundays	NNPS
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Agendas	NNS
for	IN
monthly	JJ
meetings	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
the	DT
media	NNS
after	IN
9:00	CD
a.m.	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Friday	NNP
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Berkeley	NNP
County	NNP
Development	NNP
Authority	NNP
establishes	VBZ
time	NN
on	IN
each	DT
agenda	NN
devoted	VBN
to	TO
items	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
Any	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
public	NN
is	VBZ
invited	VBN
to	TO
speak	VB
on	IN
a	DT
given	VBN
topic	NN
during	IN
that	DT
designated	VBN
time	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
item	NN
requires	VBZ
official	JJ
action	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
scheduled	VBN
agenda	NN
item	NN
,	,
the	DT
issue	NN
will	MD
be	VB
scheduled	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
Authority	NNP
meeting	NN
so	IN
that	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
noticed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
prior	JJ
to	TO
Authority	NNP
action	NN
.	.
MCEASA	NNP
has	VBZ
drafted	VBN
proposed	VBN
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
governing	VBG
the	DT
issuance	NN
of	IN
meeting	NN
notice	NN
and	CC
meeting	NN
agendas	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
regular	JJ
and	CC
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
posting	VBG
a	DT
notice	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meetings	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Courthouse	NN
,	,
MCEASA	NNP
will	MD
similarly	RB
post	VB
notice	NN
of	IN
any	DT
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
,	,
excluding	VBG
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
.	.
Agendas	NNS
for	IN
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
three	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
A	DT
complete	JJ
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
are	VBP
attached	VBN
to	TO
this	DT
advisory	JJ
opinion	NN
as	IN
Appendix	NNP
A.	NN
If	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
canceled	VBN
or	CC
postponed	VBN
,	,
a	DT
notice	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
cancellation	NN
or	CC
postponement	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
location	NN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
feasible	JJ
after	IN
such	JJ
cancellation	NN
or	CC
postponement	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
determined	VBN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
Room	NNP
door	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Floor	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Mason	NNP
County	NNP
Courthouse	NN
not	RB
less	JJR
than	IN
3	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
a	DT
specially	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
held	VBN
,	,
stating	VBG
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
,	,
and	CC
purpose	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
such	JJ
special	JJ
meeting	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
canceled	VBN
or	CC
postponed	VBN
,	,
a	DT
notice	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
cancellation	NN
or	CC
postponement	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
location	NN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
feasible	JJ
after	IN
such	JJ
cancellation	NN
or	CC
postponement	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
determined	VBN
.	.
Service	NNP
Authority	NNP
regarding	VBG
an	DT
agenda	NN
item	NN
must	MD
state	VB
their	PRP$
name	NN
for	IN
the	DT
official	NN
record	NN
.	.
All	DT
persons	NNS
that	WDT
desire	VBP
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
Mason	NNP
County	NNP
Emergency	NNP
Ambulance	NNP
Service	NNP
Authority	NNP
on	IN
items	NNS
not	RB
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
``	``
walk-ins	NNS
''	''
.	.
``	``
Walk-ins	NNS
''	''
will	MD
be	VB
allowed	VBN
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
Authority	NNP
under	IN
the	DT
Public	NNP
Forum	NNP
Section	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
but	CC
no	DT
official	JJ
action	NN
may	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
on	IN
Public	NNP
Forum	NNP
subject	JJ
matter	NN
until	IN
it	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
presented	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
agenda	NN
item	NN
at	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
subsequent	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
No	DT
person	NN
shall	MD
address	VB
the	DT
Mason	NNP
County	NNP
Emergency	NNP
Ambulance	NNP
Service	NNP
Authority	NNP
unless	IN
recognized	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
President	NNP
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
.	.
Virginia	NNP
Open	NNP
Meeting	VBG
Act	NNP
,	,
The	NNP
Mason	NNP
County	NNP
Emergency	NNP
Ambulance	NNP
Service	NNP
Authority	NNP
may	MD
hold	VB
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
during	IN
any	DT
regular	JJ
,	,
special	JJ
,	,
or	CC
emergency	NN
meeting	NN
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
open	JJ
portion	NN
of	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
prior	RB
to	TO
convening	VBG
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
,	,
the	DT
President	NNP
shall	MD
identify	VB
the	DT
authorization	NN
for	IN
conducting	VBG
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
present	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
present	NN
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
An	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
shall	MD
only	RB
be	VB
held	VBN
upon	IN
a	DT
majority	NN
affirmative	JJ
vote	NN
of	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Mason	NNP
County	NNP
Emergency	NNP
Ambulance	NNP
Service	NNP
Authority	NNP
and	CC
no	DT
decision	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
.	.
These	DT
rules	NNS
implementing	VBG
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Governmental	NNP
Proceedings	NNP
Act	NNP
shall	MD
replace	VB
any	DT
and	CC
all	DT
previous	JJ
rules	NNS
heretofore	RB
adopted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Mason	NNP
County	NNP
Emergency	NNP
Ambulance	NNP
Service	NNP
Authority	NNP
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Consolidated	NNP
Public	NNP
Retirement	NNP
Board	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CPRB	NNP
or	CC
Board	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
asks	VBZ
if	IN
certain	JJ
committees	NNS
appointed	VBN
to	TO
study	VB
and	CC
make	VB
recommendations	NNS
regarding	VBG
various	JJ
matters	NNS
are	VBP
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
proposes	VBZ
holding	VBG
uncompensated	JJ
work	NN
sessions	NNS
to	TO
discuss	VB
future	JJ
matters	NNS
,	,
plans	NNS
,	,
policies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
priorities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
review	VB
prior	RB
decisions	NNS
,	,
directives	NNS
,	,
and	CC
policies	NNS
.	.
No	DT
votes	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
,	,
no	DT
minutes	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
kept	VBN
,	,
and	CC
any	DT
action	NN
on	IN
the	DT
matters	NNS
discussed	VBN
would	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
only	RB
at	IN
future	JJ
regular	JJ
and	CC
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
public	NN
would	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
advance	NN
notice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
work	NN
sessions	NNS
and	CC
permitted	VBN
to	TO
attend	VB
them	PRP
.	.
The	DT
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
meets	VBZ
twice	RB
a	DT
month	NN
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
and	CC
third	JJ
Wednesday	NNP
at	IN
8:00	CD
P.M.	NNP
An	DT
agenda	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
listing	VBG
the	DT
items	NNS
of	IN
old	JJ
business	NN
and	CC
new	JJ
business	NN
to	TO
be	VB
dealt	VBN
with	IN
by	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
a	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
meeting	NN
twice	RB
a	DT
month	NN
,	,
the	DT
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
ruled	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
may	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
making	VBG
an	DT
agenda	NN
available	JJ
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Committee	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
three-day	JJ
notice	NN
period	NN
is	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
Triadelphia	NNP
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
meeting	NN
twice	RB
a	DT
month	NN
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
of	IN
St.	NNP
Albans	NNP
asks	VBZ
for	IN
guidance	NN
concerning	VBG
the	DT
deadline	NN
for	IN
making	VBG
its	PRP$
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
asks	VBZ
if	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
requirements	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
apply	VB
to	TO
City	NNP
Council	NNP
Committees	NNS
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
meets	VBZ
twice	RB
a	DT
month	NN
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
and	CC
third	JJ
Monday	NNP
.	.
An	DT
agenda	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Friday	NNP
preceding	VBG
each	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
has	VBZ
approximately	RB
seven	CD
standing	NN
committees	NNS
consisting	VBG
of	IN
two	CD
to	TO
five	CD
Council	NNP
Members	NNP
.	.
Some	DT
Council	NNP
Committees	NNS
meet	VBP
on	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
basis	NN
while	IN
others	NNS
meet	VBP
only	RB
intermittently	RB
as	IN
required	VBN
.	.
This	DT
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
determined	VBN
that	IN
a	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
Committee	NNP
,	,
consisting	VBG
of	IN
two	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
members	NNS
,	,
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
to	TO
formulate	VB
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Council	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
whole	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
of	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
,	,
and	CC
must	MD
conduct	VB
its	PRP$
meetings	NNS
in	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
standing	VBG
committees	NNS
appointed	VBN
by	IN
St.	NNP
Albans	NNP
City	NNP
Council	NNP
must	MD
provide	VB
advance	NN
notice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
of	IN
each	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
make	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
an	DT
agenda	NN
listing	VBG
all	DT
items	NNS
requiring	VBG
official	JJ
action	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Committee	NNP
at	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
A	DT
municipal	JJ
committee	NN
that	WDT
meets	VBZ
regularly	RB
may	MD
provide	VB
notice	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
meetings	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
the	DT
city	NN
council	NN
.	.
When	WRB
such	JJ
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
occur	VBP
no	RB
more	RBR
frequently	RB
than	IN
every	DT
two	CD
weeks	NNS
,	,
the	DT
committee	NN
should	MD
make	VB
a	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
.	.
If	IN
more	JJR
frequently	RB
,	,
it	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
.	.
The	DT
meetings	NNS
of	IN
committees	NNS
that	WDT
meet	VBP
irregularly	RB
are	VBP
considered	VBN
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
Notice	NNP
of	IN
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
and	CC
,	,
like	IN
notice	NN
of	IN
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
must	MD
include	VB
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Unlike	IN
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
special	JJ
meeting	NN
notices	NNS
must	MD
also	RB
explain	VB
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Multi-CAP	NNP
was	VBD
not	RB
created	VBN
by	IN
state	NN
or	CC
local	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
carry	VB
out	RP
a	DT
governmental	JJ
function	NN
.	.
It	PRP
exists	VBZ
independent	JJ
of	IN
state	NN
authorization	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Committee	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
public	JJ
corporation	NN
and	CC
,	,
therefore	RB
,	,
is	VBZ
not	RB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
Lewisburg	NNP
City	NNP
Council	NNP
provides	VBZ
an	DT
opportunity	NN
for	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
during	IN
both	DT
its	PRP$
special	JJ
and	CC
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
Members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
public	NN
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
address	VB
Council	NNP
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
sign	VB
up	RP
to	TO
speak	VB
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
begins	VBZ
.	.
Special	JJ
meetings	NNS
are	VBP
held	VBN
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
matters	NNS
which	WDT
must	MD
be	VB
acted	VBN
upon	IN
before	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
more	RBR
narrowly	RB
focused	VBN
than	IN
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
it	PRP
meets	VBZ
in	IN
special	JJ
session	NN
,	,
Council	NNP
normally	RB
limits	VBZ
public	JJ
comment	NN
to	TO
those	DT
items	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
unlike	IN
its	PRP$
practice	NN
during	IN
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
when	WRB
public	JJ
comment	NN
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
on	IN
any	DT
subject	NN
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
contains	VBZ
no	DT
specific	JJ
provision	NN
requiring	VBG
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
to	TO
allow	VB
public	JJ
participation	NN
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
simply	RB
provides	VBZ
that	IN
if	IN
public	JJ
comment	NN
is	VBZ
allowed	VBN
,	,
those	DT
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
comment	VB
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
sign	VB
up	RP
more	JJR
than	IN
fifteen	CD
minutes	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
enforcement	NN
of	IN
a	DT
rule	NN
limiting	VBG
public	JJ
comment	NN
to	TO
agenda	NN
items	NNS
and	CC
limiting	VBG
public	JJ
comment	NN
to	TO
those	DT
who	WP
have	VBP
signed	VBN
up	RP
to	TO
speak	VB
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
meeting	NN
would	MD
not	RB
violate	VB
any	DT
provision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meeting	VBG
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Committee	NNP
reminds	VBZ
Council	NNP
that	IN
,	,
except	IN
for	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
discuss	VB
or	CC
vote	VB
on	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
not	RB
on	IN
its	PRP$
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
allowed	VBN
public	JJ
comment	NN
on	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
.	.
Commission	NNP
meeting	NN
weekly	NN
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
making	VBG
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meetings	NNS
.	.
In	IN
that	DT
same	JJ
opinion	NN
,	,
the	DT
Committee	NNP
explained	VBD
that	IN
,	,
for	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
calculating	VBG
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
notice	NN
period	NN
,	,
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
counted	VBN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
,	,
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
excluded	VBN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
an	DT
intervening	VBG
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
,	,
the	DT
Putnam	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
issuing	VBG
an	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
its	PRP$
Tuesday	NNP
meeting	NN
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Friday	NNP
.	.
Any	DT
matters	NNS
that	WDT
come	VBP
up	RP
after	IN
the	DT
deadline	NN
for	IN
issuing	VBG
the	DT
agenda	NN
has	VBZ
passed	VBN
must	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
over	IN
to	TO
the	DT
next	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
constitutes	VBZ
an	DT
emergency	NN
.	.
Emergency	NN
matters	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
added	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
agenda	NN
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
,	,
provided	VBD
both	CC
the	DT
agenda	NN
and	CC
meeting	NN
minutes	NNS
explain	VBP
the	DT
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
giving	VBG
rise	NN
to	TO
an	DT
emergency	NN
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
action	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
without	IN
reasonable	JJ
notice	NN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
.	.
The	DT
WVWC	NNP
will	MD
conduct	VB
a	DT
performance	NN
review	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
employees	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
employee	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
issued	VBN
advance	NN
written	VBN
notice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
informed	VBD
that	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
request	VB
the	DT
review	NN
take	VB
place	NN
in	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Commission	NNP
meeting	NN
twice	RB
a	DT
week	NN
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
making	VBG
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meetings	NNS
.	.
In	IN
that	DT
same	JJ
opinion	NN
,	,
the	DT
Committee	NNP
explained	VBD
that	IN
,	,
for	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
calculating	VBG
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
notice	NN
period	NN
,	,
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
counted	VBN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
excluded	VBN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
an	DT
intervening	VBG
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
,	,
the	DT
Wood	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
issuing	VBG
an	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
its	PRP$
Monday	NNP
meeting	NN
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Thursday	NNP
,	,
and	CC
by	IN
issuing	VBG
an	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
its	PRP$
Thursday	NNP
meeting	NN
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Tuesday	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Committee	NNP
notes	VBZ
that	IN
no	DT
amendment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
less	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
unless	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
matter	NN
.	.
Routine	JJ
matters	NNS
that	WDT
come	VBP
up	RP
after	IN
the	DT
deadline	NN
for	IN
issuing	VBG
an	DT
amendment	NN
has	VBZ
passed	VBN
must	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
over	IN
to	TO
the	DT
next	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
If	IN
an	DT
agenda	NN
is	VBZ
amended	VBN
to	TO
accommodate	VB
action	NN
on	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
matter	NN
,	,
both	CC
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
and	CC
the	DT
meeting	NN
minutes	NNS
must	MD
explain	VB
the	DT
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
.	.
Commission	NNP
meeting	NN
twice	RB
a	DT
month	NN
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
making	VBG
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meetings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Nicholas	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
meets	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
and	CC
third	JJ
Wednesday	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
currently	RB
issuing	VBG
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
three	CD
days	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
each	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
hiring	VBG
a	DT
consultant	NN
to	TO
study	VB
the	DT
proposed	VBN
development	NN
of	IN
a	DT
regional	JJ
airport	NN
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
appointed	VBD
a	DT
committee	NN
to	TO
interview	VB
prospective	JJ
consultants	NNS
and	CC
evaluate	VB
the	DT
proposals	NNS
they	PRP
have	VBP
submitted	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
requires	VBZ
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
meeting	NN
agendas	NNS
available	JJ
in	IN
advance	NN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
news	NN
media	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
specify	VB
how	WRB
much	JJ
in	IN
advance	NN
.	.
The	DT
Committee	NNP
must	MD
establish	VB
what	WP
is	VBZ
reasonable	JJ
on	IN
a	DT
case-by-case	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
The	DT
Committee	NNP
also	RB
ruled	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
counted	VBN
as	IN
notice	NN
days	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
an	DT
intervening	VBG
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
,	,
the	DT
Mason	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
making	VBG
the	DT
agenda	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
regular	JJ
Thursday	NNP
meetings	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
before	IN
the	DT
close	NN
of	IN
business	NN
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Tuesday	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Roane	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
asks	VBZ
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
when	WRB
they	PRP
must	MD
issue	VB
the	DT
agendas	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
regular	JJ
meetings	NNS
;	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
how	WRB
specific	JJ
their	PRP$
agendas	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
;	:
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
may	MD
they	PRP
take	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
on	IN
matters	NNS
raised	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
comment	NN
period	NN
,	,
if	IN
those	DT
matters	NNS
were	VBD
not	RB
on	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
.	.
The	DT
Roane	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
meeting	NN
twice	RB
a	DT
month	NN
,	,
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
making	VBG
its	PRP$
meeting	NN
agendas	NNS
available	JJ
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
those	DT
meetings	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
an	DT
intervening	VBG
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
making	VBG
the	DT
agenda	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
Tuesday	NNP
meetings	NNS
available	JJ
any	DT
time	NN
before	IN
the	DT
close	NN
of	IN
business	NN
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Thursday	NNP
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
Commission	NNP
has	VBZ
made	VBN
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
three	CD
days	NNS
or	CC
more	JJR
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
,	,
at	IN
its	PRP$
option	NN
,	,
amend	VB
the	DT
agenda	NN
to	TO
add	VB
additional	JJ
items	NNS
of	IN
business	NN
-	:
items	NNS
not	RB
known	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
was	VBD
prepared	VBN
and	CC
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
Amendments	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
as	IN
late	JJ
as	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
made	VBD
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
.	.
Springs	NNP
to	TO
develop	VB
and	CC
operate	VB
public	JJ
works	NNS
gas-generated	JJ
and	CC
hydroelectric	JJ
power	NN
facilities	NNS
.	.
Once	RB
the	DT
facilities	NNS
are	VBP
operational	JJ
,	,
the	DT
Authority	NNP
will	MD
sell	VB
the	DT
power	NN
and	CC
split	VBD
the	DT
proceeds	NNS
among	IN
the	DT
member	NN
cities	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
private	JJ
firm	NN
selected	VBN
to	TO
assist	VB
in	IN
developing	VBG
and	CC
operating	VBG
the	DT
facilities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
TCPA	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
administrative	JJ
unit	NN
of	IN
the	DT
three	CD
municipal	JJ
governments	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
authorized	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
to	TO
exercise	VB
executive	NN
and	CC
legislative	JJ
power	NN
on	IN
their	PRP$
behalf	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Cabell	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
presently	RB
meets	VBZ
at	IN
10:00	CD
A.M.	NN
every	DT
other	JJ
Tuesday	NNP
.	.
Ordinarily	RB
,	,
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
is	VBZ
posted	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
Courthouse	NN
and	CC
distributed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
media	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
close	NN
of	IN
business	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Thursday	NNP
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
event	NN
of	IN
an	DT
intervening	VBG
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
,	,
the	DT
agenda	NN
is	VBZ
similarly	RB
posted	VBN
and	CC
distributed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Wednesday	NNP
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
In	IN
that	DT
case	NN
,	,
absent	JJ
an	DT
intervening	VBG
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
,	,
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
would	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
and	CC
distributed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Monday	NNP
preceding	VBG
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
event	NN
of	IN
an	DT
intervening	VBG
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
,	,
the	DT
agenda	NN
would	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
before	IN
the	DT
close	NN
of	IN
business	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Friday	NNP
preceding	VBG
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
notes	VBZ
that	IN
,	,
in	IN
either	DT
situation	NN
,	,
it	PRP
might	MD
add	VB
items	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
provided	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
revised	VBN
agenda	NN
could	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
and	CC
distributed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
agenda	NN
,	,
two	CD
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
Faculty	NNP
Senate	NNP
duties	NNS
are	VBP
advisory	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
ruled	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
consult	VB
and	CC
advise	VB
involves	VBZ
neither	CC
executive	JJ
nor	CC
legislative	JJ
power	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Senate	NNP
is	VBZ
given	VBN
the	DT
authority	NN
and	CC
responsibility	NN
to	TO
budget	NN
certain	JJ
public	JJ
funds	NNS
,	,
accept	VB
and	CC
allocate	VB
grants	NNS
and	CC
develop	VB
plans	NNS
for	IN
integrating	VBG
special	JJ
needs	NNS
students	NNS
into	IN
regular	JJ
classrooms	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
executive	JJ
power	NN
which	WDT
the	DT
Faculty	NNP
Senate	NNP
was	VBD
given	VBN
to	TO
carry	VB
out	RP
official	JJ
public	JJ
action	NN
.	.
The	DT
Committee	NNP
finds	VBZ
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
these	DT
statutory	JJ
duties	NNS
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
Faculty	NNP
Senate	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
also	RB
finds	VBZ
that	IN
not	RB
all	DT
its	PRP$
meetings	NNS
will	MD
necessarily	RB
be	VB
open	JJ
public	JJ
meetings	NNS
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
A	DT
Faculty	NNP
Senate	NNP
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Act	NNP
,	,
and	CC
need	MD
not	RB
be	VB
open	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
,	,
if	IN
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
includes	VBZ
no	DT
matter	NN
on	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
Senate	NNP
exercises	VBZ
executive	JJ
power	NN
to	TO
take	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
.	.
A	DT
Faculty	NNP
Senate	NNP
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Act	NNP
when	WRB
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
includes	VBZ
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
matters	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
it	PRP
must	MD
take	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
budgeting	NN
the	DT
expenditure	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
on	IN
academic	JJ
supplies	NNS
,	,
materials	NNS
and	CC
equipment	NN
.	.
The	DT
public	NN
must	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
notice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
,	,
location	NN
and	CC
agenda	NN
of	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
meeting	NN
and	CC
the	DT
meeting	NN
must	MD
be	VB
open	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
,	,
while	IN
the	DT
Senate	NNP
is	VBZ
dealing	VBG
with	IN
those	DT
public	JJ
matters	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Kanawha	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
usually	RB
meets	VBZ
every	DT
other	JJ
week	NN
on	IN
Thursday	NNP
at	IN
5:00	CD
P.M.	NNP
During	IN
certain	JJ
times	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
meets	VBZ
weekly	RB
,	,
and	CC
for	IN
one	CD
month	NN
,	,
when	WRB
acting	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Equalization	NNP
and	CC
Review	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
meets	VBZ
twice	RB
weekly	JJ
,	,
on	IN
Tuesday	NNP
mornings	NNS
and	CC
Thursday	NNP
evenings	NNS
.	.
Commission	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
meets	VBZ
twice	RB
a	DT
month	NN
,	,
the	DT
first	JJ
and	CC
third	JJ
Thursday	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
at	IN
9:00	CD
A.M.	NNP
,	,
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
,	,
if	IN
it	PRP
made	VBD
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
news	NN
media	NNS
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
its	PRP$
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
.	.
Thursday	NNP
evening	NN
,	,
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
,	,
if	IN
it	PRP
made	VBD
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
news	NN
media	NNS
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
Commission	NNP
meets	VBZ
weekly	JJ
on	IN
Thursday	NNP
evening	NN
,	,
or	CC
twice	RB
a	DT
week	NN
on	IN
Tuesday	NNP
morning	NN
and	CC
Thursday	NNP
evening	NN
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
,	,
if	IN
it	PRP
made	VBD
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
news	NN
media	NNS
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
For	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
calculating	VBG
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
notice	NN
period	NN
,	,
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
counted	VBN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
excluded	VBN
,	,
as	IN
government	NN
offices	NNS
are	VBP
generally	RB
not	RB
open	VB
for	IN
business	NN
on	IN
such	JJ
days	NNS
,	,
and	CC
there	EX
would	MD
be	VB
no	DT
one	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
respond	VB
to	TO
questions	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
or	CC
news	NN
media	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
agenda	NN
.	.
No	DT
amendment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
less	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
days	NNS
before	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
unless	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
matter	NN
.	.
Routine	JJ
matters	NNS
that	WDT
come	VBP
up	RP
after	IN
the	DT
deadline	NN
for	IN
issuing	VBG
an	DT
amendment	NN
has	VBZ
passed	VBN
must	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
over	IN
to	TO
the	DT
next	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
If	IN
an	DT
agenda	NN
is	VBZ
amended	VBN
to	TO
accommodate	VB
action	NN
on	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
matter	NN
,	,
both	CC
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
and	CC
the	DT
meeting	NN
minutes	NNS
must	MD
explain	VB
the	DT
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
.	.
Kanawha	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
regarding	VBG
how	WRB
this	DT
notice	NN
period	NN
is	VBZ
counted	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Committee	NNP
explained	VBD
in	IN
that	DT
opinion	NN
that	IN
,	,
for	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
calculating	VBG
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
notice	NN
period	NN
,	,
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
counted	VBN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
excluded	VBN
,	,
as	IN
government	NN
offices	NNS
are	VBP
generally	RB
not	RB
open	VB
for	IN
business	NN
on	IN
such	JJ
days	NNS
,	,
and	CC
there	EX
would	MD
be	VB
no	DT
one	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
respond	VB
to	TO
questions	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
or	CC
news	NN
media	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
agenda	NN
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
the	DT
Clay	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
when	WRB
meeting	NN
on	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
and	CC
fourth	JJ
Tuesday	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
month	NN
,	,
absent	JJ
an	DT
intervening	VBG
legal	JJ
holiday	NN
,	,
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
issuing	VBG
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
during	IN
normal	JJ
business	NN
hours	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Thursday	NNP
.	.
Monday	NNP
,	,
the	DT
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
held	VBN
on	IN
Tuesday	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
approves	VBZ
this	DT
meeting	NN
schedule	NN
at	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
meeting	NN
of	IN
each	DT
calendar	NN
year	NN
.	.
Copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
schedule	NN
are	VBP
posted	VBN
on	IN
separate	JJ
bulletin	NN
boards	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
front	NN
and	CC
back	RB
entrances	NNS
inside	IN
the	DT
Lewis	NNP
County	NNP
Courthouse	NN
,	,
and	CC
these	DT
copies	NNS
remain	VBP
posted	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
similarly	RB
posts	VBZ
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
for	IN
each	DT
meeting	NN
on	IN
the	DT
courthouse	NN
bulletin	NN
boards	NNS
not	RB
later	RB
than	IN
12:00	CD
P.M.	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
noon	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Friday	NNP
.	.
The	DT
courthouse	NN
is	VBZ
ordinarily	RB
open	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
from	IN
8:30	CD
A.M.	NN
to	TO
4:30	CD
P.M.	NNP
Monday	NNP
through	IN
Friday	NNP
.	.
As	IN
the	DT
Committee	NNP
explained	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
Kanawha	NNP
County	NNP
opinion	NN
,	,
for	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
calculating	VBG
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
notice	NN
period	NN
,	,
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
counted	VBN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
excluded	VBN
,	,
as	IN
government	NN
offices	NNS
are	VBP
generally	RB
not	RB
open	VB
for	IN
business	NN
on	IN
such	JJ
days	NNS
,	,
and	CC
there	EX
would	MD
be	VB
no	DT
one	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
respond	VB
to	TO
questions	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
or	CC
news	NN
media	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
agenda	NN
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
the	DT
Lewis	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
when	WRB
holding	VBG
its	PRP$
regular	JJ
weekly	JJ
meeting	NN
on	IN
Monday	NNP
,	,
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
issuing	VBG
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
during	IN
normal	JJ
business	NN
hours	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Thursday	NNP
.	.
In	IN
most	JJS
cases	NNS
,	,
posting	VBG
the	DT
agenda	NN
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
place	NN
and	CC
providing	VBG
a	DT
copy	NN
,	,
upon	IN
request	NN
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
news	NN
media	NNS
and	CC
public	JJ
by	IN
mail	NN
or	CC
telephone	NN
facsimile	NN
will	MD
satisfy	VB
this	DT
requirement	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Act	NNP
does	VBZ
require	VB
each	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
to	TO
adopt	VB
rules	NNS
governing	VBG
these	DT
matters	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
is	VBZ
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
adopt	VB
specific	JJ
rules	NNS
addressing	VBG
these	DT
issues	NNS
,	,
if	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
not	RB
already	RB
done	VBN
so	RB
.	.
The	DT
Upshur	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
inquires	VBZ
on	IN
several	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
deadline	NN
for	IN
issuing	VBG
a	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
,	,
the	DT
specificity	NN
required	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
and	CC
taking	VBG
official	JJ
action	NN
on	IN
matters	NNS
raised	VBN
by	IN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
appear	VBP
and	CC
address	VBP
the	DT
Commission	NNP
during	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
comment	NN
period	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
determine	VB
if	IN
it	PRP
can	MD
make	VB
a	DT
decision	NN
or	CC
take	VB
action	NN
on	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
raised	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
citizen	NN
during	IN
this	DT
comment	NN
period	NN
,	,
when	WRB
that	DT
particular	JJ
matter	NN
did	VBD
not	RB
appear	VB
in	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
the	DT
Upshur	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
when	WRB
meeting	VBG
weekly	JJ
on	IN
Thursday	NNP
,	,
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
issuing	VBG
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
during	IN
normal	JJ
business	NN
hours	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
Tuesday	NNP
,	,
absent	JJ
an	DT
intervening	VBG
holiday	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
notes	VBZ
that	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
public	NN
,	,
during	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
comment	NN
portion	NN
of	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
may	MD
raise	VB
a	DT
significant	JJ
issue	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
not	RB
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
asks	VBZ
if	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
proceed	VB
to	TO
take	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
on	IN
this	DT
matter	NN
during	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Except	IN
in	IN
emergency	NN
situations	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
may	MD
not	RB
take	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
on	IN
an	DT
issue	NN
raised	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
comment	NN
period	NN
.	.
If	IN
official	JJ
action	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
is	VBZ
required	VBN
,	,
the	DT
item	NN
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
and	CC
addressed	VBD
at	IN
a	DT
subsequent	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
election	NN
ordinance	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Town	NNP
of	IN
Marlinton	NNP
,	,
adopted	VBN
in	IN
1989	CD
,	,
contains	VBZ
a	DT
procedure	NN
for	IN
filling	VBG
vacant	JJ
seats	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
.	.
The	DT
ordinance	NN
provides	VBZ
that	IN
a	DT
Special	JJ
Election	NNP
Committee	NNP
,	,
consisting	VBG
of	IN
the	DT
remaining	VBG
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
and	CC
three	CD
citizens	NNS
previously	RB
elected	VBN
to	TO
serve	VB
on	IN
a	DT
Select	NNP
Committee	NNP
,	,
select	VBP
the	DT
replacement	NN
for	IN
a	DT
vacant	JJ
position	NN
by	IN
simple	JJ
majority	NN
vote	NN
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
permit	VB
a	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
to	TO
vote	VB
by	IN
secret	JJ
or	CC
written	VBN
ballot	NN
.	.
This	DT
statute	NN
supersedes	VBZ
any	DT
local	JJ
ordinance	NN
which	WDT
may	MD
provide	VB
otherwise	RB
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
the	DT
Special	JJ
Elections	NNPS
Committee	NNP
should	MD
publicly	RB
vote	VB
on	IN
the	DT
nominees	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
vacated	VBN
seat	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Town	NNP
Recorder	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
elected	VBN
public	JJ
official	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
primarily	RB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
preparing	VBG
the	DT
minutes	NNS
of	IN
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
meetings	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
prefers	VBZ
to	TO
use	VB
a	DT
tape	NN
recorder	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
in	IN
making	VBG
an	DT
accurate	JJ
record	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proceedings	NNS
,	,
but	CC
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
citizens	NNS
and	CC
elected	VBN
officials	NNS
have	VBP
objected	VBN
to	TO
this	DT
process	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
questions	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
raised	VBN
as	IN
to	TO
whether	IN
individual	JJ
citizens	NNS
attending	VBG
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
meetings	NNS
can	MD
openly	RB
record	VB
the	DT
meetings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
requires	VBZ
that	DT
fairly	RB
detailed	JJ
minutes	NNS
of	IN
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
meetings	NNS
be	VB
prepared	VBN
and	CC
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
within	IN
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
time	NN
after	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
As	IN
the	DT
elected	VBN
official	NN
with	IN
primary	JJ
responsibility	NN
for	IN
preparing	VBG
these	DT
minutes	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Town	NNP
Recorder	NNP
has	VBZ
substantial	JJ
discretion	NN
as	IN
to	TO
how	WRB
the	DT
required	VBN
information	NN
is	VBZ
obtained	VBN
and	CC
preserved	VBN
.	.
No	DT
provision	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
restricts	VBZ
her	PRP$
from	IN
using	VBG
a	DT
tape	NN
recorder	NN
or	CC
similar	JJ
device	NN
to	TO
record	VB
the	DT
public	JJ
portion	NN
of	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
comments	NNS
of	IN
citizens	NNS
who	WP
appear	VBP
before	IN
the	DT
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
gives	VBZ
the	DT
media	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
public	JJ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
record	VB
the	DT
open	JJ
sessions	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
A	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
may	MD
not	RB
prohibit	VB
recording	NN
,	,
and	CC
may	MD
regulate	VB
the	DT
placement	NN
and	CC
use	NN
of	IN
recording	VBG
equipment	NN
only	RB
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
necessary	JJ
``	``
to	TO
prevent	VB
undue	JJ
interference	NN
with	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
''	''
The	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
the	DT
Mayor	NNP
,	,
members	NNS
of	IN
Council	NNP
or	CC
citizens	NNS
object	VBP
to	TO
having	VBG
their	PRP$
public	JJ
comments	NNS
recorded	VBN
does	VBZ
not	RB
deprive	VB
the	DT
media	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
public	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
right	NN
to	TO
record	VB
the	DT
proceedings	NNS
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
factor	NN
to	TO
be	VB
considered	VBN
in	IN
determining	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
recording	VBG
equipment	NN
is	VBZ
causing	VBG
undue	JJ
interference	NN
with	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Commissioners	NNS
getting	VBG
together	RB
with	IN
municipal	JJ
officials	NNS
to	TO
encourage	VB
participation	NN
in	IN
a	DT
project	NN
,	,
or	CC
giving	VBG
a	DT
presentation	NN
to	TO
obtain	VB
state	NN
support	NN
for	IN
a	DT
project	NN
,	,
would	MD
involve	VB
meetings	NNS
which	WDT
must	MD
be	VB
convened	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
.	.
After	IN
deciding	VBG
at	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
meeting	NN
to	TO
encourage	VB
municipal	JJ
participation	NN
in	IN
a	DT
sewer	NN
project	NN
,	,
and	CC
sending	VBG
correspondence	NN
to	TO
the	DT
municipality	NN
communicating	VBG
their	PRP$
position	NN
,	,
the	DT
County	NNP
Commissioners	NNPS
have	VBP
been	VBN
invited	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Mayor	NNP
and	CC
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
City	NNP
Council	NNP
Members	NNP
to	TO
discuss	VB
the	DT
project	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commissioners	NNPS
,	,
consistent	JJ
with	IN
their	PRP$
previous	JJ
public	JJ
actions	NNS
,	,
intend	VBP
to	TO
provide	VB
information	NN
to	TO
the	DT
municipal	JJ
officials	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
project	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commissioners	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
plan	VB
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
meeting	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
any	DT
further	JJ
official	NN
action	NN
they	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
taking	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
project	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
two	CD
Commissioners	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
making	VBG
a	DT
presentation	NN
in	IN
Charleston	NNP
seeking	VBG
support	NN
for	IN
the	DT
sewer	NN
project	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commissioners	NNPS
likewise	RB
want	VBP
to	TO
know	VB
if	IN
participation	NN
in	IN
such	JJ
a	DT
gathering	NN
is	VBZ
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
conducting	VBG
an	DT
open	JJ
public	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
a	DT
gathering	NN
of	IN
Commissioners	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
presenting	VBG
their	PRP$
position	NN
to	TO
officials	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
municipality	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
county	NN
,	,
or	CC
advocating	VBG
their	PRP$
position	NN
before	IN
a	DT
state	NN
or	CC
regional	JJ
agency	NN
,	,
regarding	VBG
a	DT
matter	NN
which	WDT
they	PRP
have	VBP
already	RB
considered	VBN
and	CC
acted	VBN
upon	IN
,	,
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
subject	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Commissioners	NNS
are	VBP
cautioned	VBN
that	IN
whenever	WRB
a	DT
presentation	NN
unexpectedly	RB
leads	VBZ
to	TO
new	JJ
issues	NNS
on	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
take	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
,	,
they	PRP
must	MD
defer	VB
any	DT
discussion	NN
on	IN
the	DT
merits	NNS
of	IN
such	JJ
matter	NN
until	IN
it	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
of	IN
a	DT
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
.	.
It	PRP
should	MD
also	RB
be	VB
noted	VBN
that	IN
this	DT
opinion	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
intended	VBN
to	TO
indicate	VB
whether	IN
the	DT
municipality	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
agency	NN
has	VBZ
an	DT
obligation	NN
to	TO
notify	VB
the	DT
public	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
meeting	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Commissioners	NNS
,	,
as	IN
such	JJ
issues	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
raised	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
affected	JJ
governing	VBG
body	NN
,	,
or	CC
one	CD
of	IN
its	PRP$
members	NNS
.	.
Betty	NNP
Waggoner	NNP
,	,
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Pleasant	NNP
Valley	NNP
City	NNP
Council	NNP
,	,
asks	VBZ
if	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
can	MD
go	VB
into	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
to	TO
draft	VB
a	DT
job	NN
description	NN
for	IN
a	DT
city	NN
employee	NN
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
asks	VBZ
if	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
can	MD
go	VB
into	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
without	IN
identifying	VBG
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
exemption	NN
relied	VBD
upon	IN
to	TO
convene	VB
the	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
has	VBZ
an	DT
employee	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
job	NN
for	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
.	.
City	NNP
Council	NNP
wants	VBZ
to	TO
go	VB
into	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
to	TO
draft	VB
a	DT
formal	JJ
job	NN
description	NN
for	IN
the	DT
position	NN
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
be	VB
the	DT
first	JJ
job	NN
description	NN
prepared	VBN
for	IN
this	DT
position	NN
.	.
This	DT
discussion	NN
will	MD
not	RB
involve	VB
the	DT
employee	NN
holding	VBG
the	DT
position	NN
or	CC
her	PRP$
job	NN
performance	NN
.	.
The	DT
Committee	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
creation	NN
or	CC
modification	NN
of	IN
a	DT
job	NN
description	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
general	JJ
personnel	NNS
policy	NN
matter	NN
and	CC
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
considered	VBN
or	CC
discussed	VBN
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
true	JJ
even	RB
if	IN
the	DT
job	NN
description	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
a	DT
position	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
an	DT
incumbent	JJ
has	VBZ
worked	VBN
for	IN
several	JJ
months	NNS
.	.
Donna	NNP
Davis	NNP
,	,
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Pleasants	NNP
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
asks	VBZ
if	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
for	IN
two	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
school	NN
board	NN
members	NNS
to	TO
visit	VB
a	DT
school	NN
and	CC
observe	VB
a	DT
particular	JJ
activity	NN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
explains	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
common	JJ
practice	NN
for	IN
school	NN
board	NN
members	NNS
to	TO
visit	VB
county	NN
schools	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
a	DT
first	JJ
hand	NN
view	NN
of	IN
the	DT
condition	NN
of	IN
the	DT
buildings	NNS
,	,
and	CC
observe	VB
educational	JJ
programs	NNS
,	,
teaching	NN
strategies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
school	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
On	IN
such	JJ
occasions	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
usually	RB
observe	VBP
a	DT
particular	JJ
activity	NN
,	,
and	CC
will	MD
frequently	RB
visit	VB
with	IN
faculty	NN
,	,
students	NNS
and	CC
administrators	NNS
to	TO
obtain	VB
their	PRP$
perspective	NN
.	.
On	IN
some	DT
occasions	NNS
,	,
without	IN
prior	JJ
coordination	NN
,	,
two	CD
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
five-member	JJ
board	NN
may	MD
appear	VB
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
school	NN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
.	.
On	IN
rare	JJ
occasions	NNS
,	,
as	IN
many	JJ
as	IN
three	CD
members	NNS
may	MD
appear	VB
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
location	NN
,	,
and	CC
engage	VB
in	IN
similar	JJ
activities	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
members	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
discuss	VB
business	NN
among	IN
themselves	PRP
,	,
and	CC
no	DT
official	JJ
business	NN
is	VBZ
conducted	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
is	VBZ
intended	VBN
to	TO
guarantee	VB
that	IN
the	DT
public	NN
has	VBZ
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
attend	VB
meetings	NNS
at	IN
which	WDT
government	NN
agencies	NNS
conduct	VBP
their	PRP$
business	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
given	VBN
reasonable	JJ
advance	NN
notice	NN
of	IN
where	WRB
and	CC
when	WRB
business	NN
meetings	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
matters	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
considered	VBN
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
visits	NNS
described	VBN
here	RB
are	VBP
not	RB
Board	NNP
business	NN
meetings	NNS
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
Board	NNP
members	NNS
present	JJ
.	.
Even	RB
if	IN
a	DT
quorum	NN
chanced	VBD
to	TO
meet	VB
during	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
school	NN
visit	NN
and	CC
discussed	VBN
school	NN
business	NN
,	,
they	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
violate	VB
the	DT
Act	NNP
,	,
so	RB
long	RB
as	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
intended	VBN
to	TO
lead	VB
to	TO
,	,
and	CC
did	VBD
not	RB
result	VB
in	IN
,	,
official	JJ
action	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
public	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
benefit	VB
fully	RB
from	IN
open	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
must	MD
know	VB
both	DT
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
when	WRB
and	CC
where	WRB
the	DT
meetings	NNS
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
held	VBN
,	,
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
what	WP
the	DT
meetings	NNS
will	MD
deal	VB
with	IN
.	.
To	TO
this	DT
end	NN
,	,
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
specifies	VBZ
that	IN
all	DT
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
must	MD
make	VB
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
and	CC
agendas	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meetings	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
place	NN
and	CC
purpose	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
special	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
news	NN
media	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
agenda	NN
could	MD
be	VB
incorporated	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Register	NNP
notice	NN
by	IN
expanding	VBG
the	DT
statement	NN
of	IN
purpose	NN
to	TO
include	VB
reference	NN
to	TO
all	PDT
the	DT
matters	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
acted	VBN
upon	IN
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
in	IN
many	JJ
cases	NNS
this	DT
is	VBZ
impractical	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
agenda	NN
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
document	NN
.	.
Here	RB
the	DT
Braxton	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
its	PRP$
practice	NN
of	IN
making	VBG
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
21	CD
hours	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
complies	VBZ
with	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
not	RB
,	,
the	DT
minimum	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
days	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
establishes	VBZ
no	DT
specific	JJ
time	NN
and	CC
the	DT
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
ruled	VBN
that	IN
notice	NN
must	MD
be	VB
reasonable	JJ
under	IN
the	DT
circumstances	NNS
peculiar	JJ
to	TO
each	DT
agency	NN
.	.
A	DT
county	NN
commission	NN
which	WDT
met	VBD
weekly	JJ
would	MD
require	VB
a	DT
different	JJ
standard	NN
than	IN
one	CD
which	WDT
met	VBD
less	JJR
frequently	RB
.	.
There	EX
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
big	JJ
difference	NN
between	IN
what	WP
is	VBZ
reasonable	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
standing	NN
legislative	JJ
committee	NN
which	WDT
met	VBD
daily	JJ
during	IN
the	DT
legislative	JJ
session	NN
and	CC
the	DT
council	NN
of	IN
a	DT
small	JJ
municipality	NN
which	WDT
met	VBD
monthly	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Committee	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
Braxton	NNP
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
meets	VBZ
twice	RB
a	DT
month	NN
,	,
would	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
by	IN
making	VBG
its	PRP$
agenda	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
news	NN
media	NNS
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
its	PRP$
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meetings	NNS
.	.
Items	NNS
of	IN
business	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
added	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
agenda	NN
less	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
unless	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
matter	NN
of	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
nature	NN
requiring	VBG
immediate	JJ
official	JJ
action	NN
.	.
In	IN
such	PDT
an	DT
event	NN
,	,
the	DT
amended	VBN
agenda	NN
and	CC
the	DT
minutes	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
must	MD
state	VB
the	DT
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
which	WDT
justify	VBP
depriving	VBG
the	DT
public	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
right	NN
to	TO
reasonable	JJ
advance	NN
notice	NN
.	.
MCHS	NNP
,	,
a	DT
nonprofit	JJ
organization	NN
,	,
has	VBZ
established	VBN
an	DT
animal	NN
shelter	NN
in	IN
Mercer	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
MCHS	NNP
is	VBZ
primarily	RB
funded	VBN
by	IN
private	JJ
donations	NNS
,	,
animal	NN
adoptions	NNS
and	CC
fund-raising	JJ
activities	NNS
conducted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
.	.
These	DT
funds	NNS
are	VBP
spent	VBN
to	TO
employ	VB
individuals	NNS
who	WP
care	VBP
for	IN
the	DT
animals	NNS
,	,
clean	JJ
and	CC
maintain	VB
the	DT
shelter	NN
building	NN
and	CC
grounds	NNS
,	,
and	CC
otherwise	RB
operate	VBP
the	DT
facility	NN
.	.
Mr.	NNP
Antonik	NNP
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
proper	JJ
procedure	NN
to	TO
be	VB
followed	VBN
in	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
conducting	VBG
proceedings	NNS
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
during	IN
future	JJ
meetings	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
asks	VBZ
several	JJ
questions	NNS
requiring	VBG
interpretation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Act	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
permits	VBZ
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
certain	JJ
personnel	NNS
matters	NNS
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
affected	JJ
employee	NN
requests	NNS
an	DT
open	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
should	MD
initially	RB
determine	VB
if	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
involving	VBG
the	DT
two	CD
employees	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
dealt	VBN
with	IN
in	IN
separate	JJ
sessions	NNS
.	.
If	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
impractical	JJ
to	TO
discuss	VB
the	DT
matter	NN
separately	RB
,	,
the	DT
Act	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
permit	VB
discussion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
over	IN
the	DT
objection	NN
of	IN
either	DT
of	IN
the	DT
affected	JJ
employees	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
grants	NNS
governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
agencies	NNS
discretion	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
minutes	NNS
of	IN
executive	JJ
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
taken	VBN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
decides	VBZ
to	TO
take	VB
minutes	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
,	,
the	DT
minutes	NNS
should	MD
contain	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
information	NN
as	IN
required	VBN
for	IN
portions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
that	WDT
are	VBP
open	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
Act	NNP
permits	VBZ
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
city	NN
planning	NN
commission	NN
to	TO
receive	VB
and	CC
independently	RB
review	NN
plans	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
scheduled	VBN
open	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Here	RB
the	DT
Committee	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
procedure	NN
used	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
for	IN
independent	JJ
review	NN
of	IN
applications	NNS
by	IN
Technical	NNP
Review	NNP
Committee	NNP
members	NNS
is	VBZ
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
.	.
LSIC	NNP
functions	NNS
as	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
merely	RB
advisory	JJ
body	NN
.	.
Although	IN
the	DT
authority	NN
of	IN
an	DT
LSIC	NNP
to	TO
exercise	VB
executive	NN
or	CC
legislative	JJ
powers	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
limited	VBN
,	,
policy	NN
proposals	NNS
and	CC
guidelines	NNS
properly	RB
adopted	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
LSIC	NNP
nonetheless	RB
involve	VBP
exercise	NN
of	IN
governmental	JJ
authority	NN
within	IN
a	DT
given	VBN
school	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
except	IN
as	IN
otherwise	RB
specified	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
statutes	NNS
establishing	VBG
LSICs	NNP
,	,
these	DT
organizations	NNS
must	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Governmental	NNP
Proceedings	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
votes	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
in	IN
the	DT
examples	NNS
by	IN
reference	NN
to	TO
the	DT
numbered	VBN
agenda	NN
item	NN
without	IN
reference	NN
to	TO
Mr.	NNP
Smith	NNP
as	IN
the	DT
person	NN
involved	VBN
.	.
The	DT
names	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
persons	NNS
involved	VBN
in	IN
such	JJ
decisions	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
revealed	VBN
until	IN
after	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
has	VBZ
concluded	VBN
.	.
Except	IN
as	IN
otherwise	RB
expressly	RB
provided	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
,	,
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
may	MD
not	RB
deliberate	VB
,	,
vote	VB
,	,
or	CC
otherwise	RB
take	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
upon	IN
any	DT
matter	NN
by	IN
reference	NN
to	TO
a	DT
letter	NN
,	,
number	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
designated	VBN
or	CC
other	JJ
secret	JJ
devise	VBP
or	CC
method	NN
,	,
which	WDT
may	MD
render	VB
it	PRP
difficult	JJ
for	IN
persons	NNS
attending	VBG
a	DT
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
to	TO
understand	VB
what	WP
is	VBZ
being	VBG
deliberated	VBD
,	,
voted	VBD
or	CC
acted	VBD
upon	IN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
this	DT
subsection	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
prohibit	VB
a	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
from	IN
deliberating	VBG
,	,
voting	VBG
or	CC
otherwise	RB
taking	VBG
action	NN
by	IN
reference	NN
to	TO
an	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
if	IN
copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
sufficiently	RB
worded	VBN
to	TO
enable	VB
the	DT
public	NN
to	TO
understand	VB
what	WP
is	VBZ
being	VBG
deliberated	VBD
,	,
voted	VBD
or	CC
acted	VBD
upon	IN
,	,
are	VBP
available	JJ
for	IN
public	JJ
inspection	NN
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
personnel	NNS
matters	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Committee	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
aware	JJ
of	IN
any	DT
statutory	JJ
provision	NN
which	WDT
would	MD
preclude	VB
the	DT
public	NN
from	IN
knowing	VBG
the	DT
identity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
person	NN
the	DT
Superintendent	NNP
is	VBZ
recommending	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
for	IN
hire	NN
,	,
transfer	NN
,	,
grant	NN
of	IN
a	DT
leave	NN
of	IN
absence	NN
,	,
or	CC
acceptance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
resignation	NN
or	CC
application	NN
to	TO
retire	VB
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Meetings	NNS
Act	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
should	MD
either	RB
publish	VB
an	DT
agenda	NN
which	WDT
substantially	RB
follows	VBZ
the	DT
format	NN
in	IN
Example	NNP
B	NNP
,	,
or	CC
continue	VB
to	TO
publish	VB
an	DT
agenda	NN
in	IN
the	DT
format	NN
of	IN
Example	NNP
A	NNP
,	,
while	IN
announcing	VBG
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
person	NN
or	CC
persons	NNS
involved	VBN
in	IN
each	DT
personnel	NNS
action	NN
,	,
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
reference	NN
number	NN
or	CC
letter	NN
in	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
matter	NN
is	VBZ
presented	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
board	NN
for	IN
action	NN
.	.
Wetzel	NNP
B.	NNP
Walker	NNP
,	,
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
in	IN
Rainelle	NNP
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
asks	VBZ
if	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
exclude	VB
a	DT
citizen	NN
from	IN
speaking	VBG
at	IN
a	DT
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
when	WRB
the	DT
topic	NN
the	DT
citizen	NN
wishes	VBZ
to	TO
address	VB
is	VBZ
not	RB
on	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
.	.
The	DT
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
meets	VBZ
periodically	RB
and	CC
issues	VBZ
an	DT
agenda	NN
of	IN
matters	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
discussed	VBN
with	IN
its	PRP$
meeting	NN
notices	NNS
.	.
The	DT
members	NNS
are	VBP
uncertain	JJ
whether	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
permit	VB
a	DT
citizen	NN
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
Council	NNP
on	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
not	RB
listed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
.	.
This	DT
issue	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
covered	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
meeting	NN
rules	NNS
previously	RB
adopted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
.	.
Open	NNP
government	NN
allows	VBZ
the	DT
public	NN
to	TO
educate	VB
itself	PRP
about	IN
government	NN
decision	NN
-	:
making	VBG
through	IN
individuals	NNS
?	.
attendance	NN
and	CC
participation	NN
at	IN
government	NN
functions	NNS
,	,
distribution	NN
of	IN
government	NN
information	NN
by	IN
the	DT
press	NN
or	CC
interested	JJ
citizens	NNS
,	,
and	CC
public	JJ
debate	NN
on	IN
issues	NNS
deliberated	VBD
within	IN
the	DT
government	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
situation	NN
,	,
the	DT
Council	NNP
may	MD
discuss	VB
a	DT
new	JJ
issue	NN
raised	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
citizen	NN
in	IN
attendance	NN
only	RB
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
official	JJ
action	NN
will	MD
be	VB
needed	VBN
.	.
If	IN
some	DT
official	JJ
action	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
,	,
the	DT
item	NN
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
rescheduled	VBN
for	IN
another	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
third	JJ
and	CC
final	JJ
issue	NN
concerns	NNS
whether	IN
two	CD
board	NN
members	NNS
who	WP
appear	VBP
for	IN
a	DT
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
find	VB
that	IN
a	DT
quorum	NN
is	VBZ
lacking	VBG
,	,
may	MD
nonetheless	RB
publicly	RB
discuss	VB
matters	NNS
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
for	IN
that	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
a	DT
quorum	NN
,	,
attending	VBG
members	NNS
have	VBP
no	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
take	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
on	IN
any	DT
matter	NN
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Governmental	NNP
Proceedings	NNP
Act	NNP
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
promote	VB
open	JJ
government	NN
and	CC
public	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
information	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
scenario	NN
presented	VBN
by	IN
this	DT
inquiry	NN
,	,
the	DT
notice	NN
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
were	VBD
met	VBN
when	WRB
the	DT
date	NN
,	,
time	NN
and	CC
place	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
and	CC
an	DT
agenda	NN
of	IN
items	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
discussed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
were	VBD
appropriately	RB
disseminated	VBN
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
Committee	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
subsequent	JJ
public	JJ
discussion	NN
of	IN
matters	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
agenda	NN
by	IN
less	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
quorum	NN
of	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
who	WP
appear	VBP
for	IN
a	DT
properly	RB
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
would	MD
not	RB
violate	VB
the	DT
Open	NNP
Governmental	NNP
Proceedings	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
Attorney	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
of	IN
Morgantown	NNP
,	,
asks	VBZ
if	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Governmental	NNP
Proceedings	NNP
Act	NNP
permits	VBZ
a	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
to	TO
meet	VB
in	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
pending	VBG
or	CC
proposed	VBN
litigation	NN
with	IN
its	PRP$
attorney	NN
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Governmental	NNP
Proceedings	NNP
Act	NNP
permits	VBZ
governing	VBG
bodies	NNS
to	TO
hold	VB
an	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
and	CC
exclude	VB
the	DT
public	NN
only	RB
when	WRB
a	DT
closed	JJ
session	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
for	IN
one	CD
of	IN
several	JJ
actions	NNS
specified	VBN
in	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
6-9A-4	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
contains	VBZ
no	DT
specific	JJ
reference	NN
to	TO
discussions	NNS
of	IN
present	JJ
and	CC
pending	JJ
litigation	NN
between	IN
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
legal	JJ
counsel	NN
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
such	JJ
discussions	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
conducted	VBN
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
.	.
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
6-9A-4	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
11	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
In	IN
Peters	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Supreme	NNP
Court	NNP
observed	VBD
that	IN
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
provision	NN
,	,
the	DT
intent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
could	MD
be	VB
circumvented	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
body	NN
meeting	NN
with	IN
its	PRP$
attorney	NN
for	IN
the	DT
sole	JJ
purpose	NN
of	IN
keeping	VBG
the	DT
meeting	NN
closed	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
,	,
under	IN
the	DT
guise	NN
of	IN
the	DT
attorney	NN
-	:
client	NN
privilege	NN
exception	NN
.	.
The	DT
ordinance	NN
may	MD
designate	VB
the	DT
official	NN
or	CC
employee	NN
of	IN
the	DT
municipality	NN
...	:
who	WP
shall	MD
have	VB
authority	NN
to	TO
issue	VB
and	CC
control	VB
improvement	NN
location	NN
permits	VBZ
within	IN
the	DT
jurisdiction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
commission	NN
and	CC
in	IN
conformity	NN
with	IN
the	DT
comprehensive	JJ
plan	NN
and	CC
ordinance	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
new	JJ
panel	NN
will	MD
have	VB
three	CD
members	NNS
from	IN
an	DT
appointed	VBN
governing	VBG
body	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
those	DT
members	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
take	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
approve	VB
a	DT
permit	NN
.	.
Since	IN
a	DT
delegation	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
will	MD
now	RB
have	VB
oversight	NN
of	IN
the	DT
process	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
now	RB
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
which	WDT
will	MD
take	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
,	,
within	IN
the	DT
meaning	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
Having	VBG
the	DT
three	CD
panel	NN
members	NNS
individually	RB
review	VB
a	DT
permit	NN
application	NN
and	CC
make	VB
a	DT
recommended	VBN
decision	NN
in	IN
isolation	NN
from	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
,	,
in	IN
effect	NN
,	,
defeats	VBZ
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
any	DT
decisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
panel	NN
on	IN
permits	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
subject	NN
to	TO
the	DT
open	JJ
meetings	NNS
requirements	NNS
.	.
United	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
.	.
Although	IN
public	JJ
officials	NNS
and	CC
employees	NNS
may	MD
belong	VB
,	,
the	DT
association	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
authorized	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
to	TO
exercise	VB
any	DT
executive	NN
or	CC
legislative	JJ
power	NN
.	.
It	PRP
functions	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
grass	NN
roots	NNS
,	,
single-issue	JJ
organization	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
the	DT
association	NN
need	MD
not	RB
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Open	NNP
Governmental	NNP
Proceedings	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
times	NNS
when	WRB
a	DT
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
wants	VBZ
to	TO
go	VB
into	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
a	DT
matter	NN
which	WDT
has	VBZ
not	RB
specifically	RB
been	VBN
listed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
.	.
This	DT
may	MD
occur	VB
because	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
wishes	NNS
to	TO
address	VB
a	DT
topic	NN
required	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
presented	VBN
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
misconduct	NN
of	IN
an	DT
employee	NN
.	.
The	DT
superintendent	NN
,	,
while	IN
giving	VBG
a	DT
routine	JJ
update	VBP
,	,
may	MD
touch	VB
on	IN
a	DT
confidential	JJ
matter	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
results	NNS
or	CC
aftermath	NN
of	IN
a	DT
student	NN
disciplinary	JJ
proceeding	NN
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
may	MD
go	VB
into	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
a	DT
matter	NN
that	WDT
does	VBZ
not	RB
appear	VB
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
if	IN
two	CD
conditions	NNS
are	VBP
met	VBN
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
topic	NN
must	MD
be	VB
one	CD
which	WDT
the	DT
Open	NNP
Governmental	NNP
Proceedings	NNP
Act	NNP
permits	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
discussed	VBN
during	IN
a	DT
session	NN
closed	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
general	JJ
public	NN
;	:
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
board	NN
votes	VBZ
to	TO
go	VB
into	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
.	.
The	DT
Open	NNP
Governmental	NNP
Proceedings	NNP
Act	NNP
permits	VBZ
certain	JJ
enumerated	VBD
subjects	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
discussed	VBN
and	CC
deliberated	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
closed	JJ
session	NN
.	.
An	DT
executive	NN
session	NN
is	VBZ
merely	RB
a	DT
procedural	JJ
device	NN
afforded	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
maintain	VB
confidentiality	NN
when	WRB
necessary	JJ
.	.
Members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
public	NN
,	,
during	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
comment	NN
portion	NN
of	IN
a	DT
school	NN
board	NN
meeting	NN
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
superintendent	NN
,	,
during	IN
his	PRP$
report	NN
to	TO
the	DT
board	NN
,	,
may	MD
raise	VB
a	DT
significant	JJ
issue	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
not	RB
specifically	RB
listed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
.	.
Except	IN
in	IN
emergency	NN
situations	NNS
,	,
the	DT
board	NN
may	MD
not	RB
take	VB
official	JJ
action	NN
on	IN
this	DT
issue	NN
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
decision	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
type	NN
which	WDT
requires	VBZ
a	DT
quorum	NN
of	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
present	JJ
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
true	JJ
whether	IN
the	DT
topic	NN
is	VBZ
one	CD
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
discussed	VBN
in	IN
executive	NN
session	NN
or	CC
must	MD
be	VB
presented	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
open	JJ
portion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
may	MD
discuss	VB
the	DT
matter	NN
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
official	JJ
action	NN
will	MD
be	VB
needed	VBN
.	.
If	IN
so	RB
,	,
the	DT
item	NN
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
rescheduled	VBN
for	IN
another	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
These	DT
limited	JJ
discussions	NNS
may	MD
occur	VB
in	IN
executive	JJ
session	NN
if	IN
warranted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
exceptions	NNS
listed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
upon	IN
proper	JJ
motion	NN
.	.
The	DT
Consolidated	NNP
Public	NNP
Retirement	NNP
Board	NNP
rules	NNS
on	IN
applications	NNS
for	IN
Disability	NNP
Retirement	NNP
Benefits	NNPS
by	IN
the	DT
following	JJ
process	NN
:	:
The	DT
Executive	NNP
Secretary	NNP
and	CC
two	CD
staff	NN
members	NNS
review	VBP
the	DT
individual	JJ
applications	NNS
and	CC
make	VB
an	DT
initial	JJ
recommendation	NN
on	IN
whether	IN
to	TO
approve	VB
or	CC
deny	VB
them	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
then	RB
mails	VBZ
the	DT
applications	NNS
,	,
supporting	VBG
documentation	NN
and	CC
the	DT
initial	JJ
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
Review	NNP
Committee	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
composed	VBN
of	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
Retirement	NNP
Board	NNP
members	NNS
.	.
The	DT
day	NN
before	IN
the	DT
Retirement	NNP
Board	NNP
meetings	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
Review	NNP
Committee	NNP
meets	VBZ
telephonically	RB
with	IN
the	DT
staff	NN
,	,
discusses	VBZ
each	DT
application	NN
and	CC
makes	VBZ
its	PRP$
own	JJ
recommendations	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
Retirement	NNP
Board	NNP
meeting	NN
,	,
the	DT
Review	NNP
Committee	NNP
Chairman	NNP
presents	VBZ
those	DT
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
which	WDT
votes	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
body	NN
on	IN
each	DT
application	NN
.	.
Notice	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
meeting	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
any	DT
``	``
special	JJ
meeting	NN
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
an	DT
Agenda	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
procedure	NN
to	TO
be	VB
followed	VBN
for	IN
public	JJ
submission	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
outlined	VBN
below	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
will	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Berkeley	NNP
Senior	NNP
Center	NNP
,	,
and	CC
copies	NNS
of	IN
these	DT
will	MD
also	RB
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
Senior	NNP
Center	NNP
Lobby	NNP
desk	NN
,	,
not	RB
later	RB
than	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
business	NN
day	NN
on	IN
the	DT
third	JJ
day	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
each	DT
scheduled	VBN
meeting	NN
,	,
excluding	VBG
Saturdays	NNP
,	,
Sundays	NNP
and	CC
legal	JJ
holidays	NNS
.	.
Persons	NNS
subject	JJ
to	TO
section	NN
.	.
--	:
The	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
section	NN
apply	VB
to	TO
all	DT
elected	VBN
and	CC
appointed	VBN
public	JJ
officials	NNS
and	CC
public	JJ
employees	NNS
,	,
whether	CC
full	JJ
or	CC
part	NN
time	NN
,	,
in	IN
state	NN
,	,
county	NN
,	,
municipal	JJ
governments	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
respective	JJ
boards	NNS
,	,
agencies	NNS
,	,
departments	NNS
and	CC
commissions	NNS
and	CC
in	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
regional	JJ
or	CC
local	JJ
governmental	JJ
agency	NN
,	,
including	VBG
county	NN
school	NN
boards	NNS
.	.
In	IN
Advisory	NNP
Opinion	NNP
2003-11	CD
,	,
this	DT
Commission	NNP
determined	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
non-profit	JJ
corporation	NN
on	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
requester	NN
serves	VBZ
was	VBD
not	RB
a	DT
governmental	JJ
agency	NN
subject	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
Although	IN
the	DT
corporation	NN
receives	VBZ
substantially	RB
all	DT
of	IN
its	PRP$
funding	NN
from	IN
or	CC
through	IN
government	NN
sources	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
nonetheless	RB
retains	VBZ
its	PRP$
status	NN
as	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
organization	NN
.	.
Directors	NNS
does	VBZ
not	RB
change	VB
the	DT
legal	JJ
status	NN
of	IN
that	DT
private	JJ
corporation	NN
.	.
Although	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
appear	VB
incongruous	JJ
that	IN
an	DT
entity	NN
which	WDT
operates	VBZ
largely	RB
on	IN
government	NN
funding	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
conflict	NN
of	IN
interest	NN
provisions	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
,	,
expanding	VBG
the	DT
Act	NNP
to	TO
include	VB
private	JJ
organizations	NNS
receiving	VBG
public	JJ
funds	NNS
is	VBZ
a	DT
matter	NN
to	TO
be	VB
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Non-profit	JJ
Corporation	NNP
is	VBZ
incorporated	VBN
under	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
laws	NNS
to	TO
promote	VB
the	DT
beneficial	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
forest	NN
resources	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
certain	JJ
area	NN
.	.
The	DT
Corporation	NNP
receives	VBZ
State	NNP
funding	VBG
to	TO
conduct	VB
its	PRP$
activities	NNS
.	.
Even	RB
though	IN
the	DT
Corporation	NNP
receives	VBZ
most	JJS
of	IN
its	PRP$
funds	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
State	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
still	RB
a	DT
private	JJ
organization	NN
rather	RB
than	IN
a	DT
governmental	JJ
agency	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
its	PRP$
personnel	NNS
and	CC
board	NN
members	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Non-profit	JJ
Corporation	NNP
is	VBZ
incorporated	VBN
under	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
laws	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
services	NNS
to	TO
benefit	VB
the	DT
poor	JJ
and	CC
disadvantaged	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Corporation	NNP
receives	VBZ
federal	JJ
funding	NN
to	TO
operate	VB
a	DT
Senior	JJ
Citizens	NNPS
Center	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
reimbursed	VBN
for	IN
certain	JJ
services	NNS
provided	VBN
under	IN
the	DT
federal	JJ
Medicaid	NNP
program	NN
.	.
Even	RB
though	IN
the	DT
Corporation	NNP
receives	VBZ
funds	NNS
through	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
federal	JJ
programs	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
still	RB
a	DT
private	JJ
organization	NN
rather	RB
than	IN
a	DT
governmental	JJ
agency	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
its	PRP$
personnel	NNS
and	CC
board	NN
members	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Non-profit	JJ
Corporation	NNP
is	VBZ
incorporated	VBN
under	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
laws	NNS
to	TO
advocate	VB
for	IN
the	DT
rights	NNS
of	IN
persons	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Corporation	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
designated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Governor	NNP
as	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
responsible	JJ
for	IN
administering	VBG
a	DT
particular	JJ
federal	JJ
program	NN
for	IN
the	DT
State	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
current	JJ
activities	NNS
are	VBP
funded	VBN
by	IN
federal	JJ
grants	NNS
.	.
Even	RB
though	IN
the	DT
Corporation	NNP
is	VBZ
administering	VBG
a	DT
federal	JJ
program	NN
by	IN
virtue	NN
of	IN
a	DT
gubernatorial	JJ
designation	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
activities	NNS
are	VBP
currently	RB
underwritten	VBN
by	IN
federal	JJ
grants	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
still	RB
a	DT
private	JJ
non	NN
-	:
profit	NN
corporation	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
personnel	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
its	PRP$
board	NN
members	NNS
,	,
are	VBP
not	RB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
elected	VBN
and	CC
appointed	VBN
public	JJ
officials	NNS
from	IN
appearing	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
representative	JJ
capacity	NN
before	IN
their	PRP$
agency	NN
in	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
certain	JJ
matters	NNS
.	.
The	DT
prohibition	NN
applies	VBZ
during	IN
their	PRP$
public	JJ
service	NN
and	CC
for	IN
a	DT
period	NN
of	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
after	IN
terminating	VBG
their	PRP$
public	JJ
service	NN
.	.
The	DT
Employee	NNP
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
he	PRP
is	VBZ
subject	JJ
to	TO
this	DT
prohibition	NN
.	.
The	DT
answer	NN
turns	VBZ
on	IN
whether	IN
he	PRP
is	VBZ
an	DT
appointed	VBN
public	JJ
official	NN
.	.
The	DT
Prosecuting	NNP
Attorney	NNP
is	VBZ
statutory	JJ
counsel	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Commission	NNP
.	.
Further	RB
in	IN
her	PRP$
position	NN
as	IN
Prosecuting	VBG
Attorney	NNP
,	,
the	DT
requester	NN
sits	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
911	CD
Advisory	NNP
Board	NNP
,	,
as	IN
does	VBZ
the	DT
911	CD
Coordinator	NNP
who	WP
is	VBZ
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
commission	NN
.	.
Code	NNP
,	,
61-10-15	CD
,	,
implements	VBZ
the	DT
public	JJ
policy	NN
of	IN
this	DT
State	NN
,	,
and	CC
its	PRP$
provisions	NNS
are	VBP
clear	JJ
and	CC
unambiguous	JJ
.	.
Although	IN
harsh	JJ
,	,
its	PRP$
objects	NNS
and	CC
purposes	NNS
are	VBP
salutary	JJ
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
statute	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
protect	VB
public	JJ
funds	NNS
,	,
and	CC
give	VB
official	JJ
recognition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
a	DT
person	NN
can	MD
not	RB
properly	RB
represent	VB
the	DT
public	NN
in	IN
transacting	VBG
business	NN
with	IN
himself	PRP
.	.
To	TO
permit	VB
such	JJ
conduct	NN
would	MD
open	VB
the	DT
door	NN
to	TO
fraud	NN
.	.
The	DT
statute	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
remove	VB
from	IN
public	JJ
officers	NNS
any	DT
and	CC
all	DT
temptation	NN
for	IN
personal	JJ
advantage	NN
.	.
While	IN
we	PRP
mean	VBP
to	TO
cast	VB
no	DT
aspersions	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
motives	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
prosecutor	NN
or	CC
the	DT
county	NN
commission	NN
,	,
we	PRP
note	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
statute	NN
simply	RB
prohibits	VBZ
the	DT
contract	NN
;	:
the	DT
conduct	NN
itself	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
inherently	RB
wrong	JJ
or	CC
evil	JJ
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
,	,
a	DT
Retired	NNP
State	NNP
Employee	NNP
,	,
seeks	VBZ
a	DT
waiver	NN
from	IN
the	DT
prohibition	NN
against	IN
appearing	VBG
before	IN
his	PRP$
former	JJ
agency	NN
in	IN
a	DT
representative	JJ
capacity	NN
for	IN
one	CD
year	NN
following	VBG
his	PRP$
departure	NN
from	IN
public	JJ
service	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
retired	VBN
from	IN
employment	NN
with	IN
a	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
2005	CD
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
year	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
employment	NN
he	PRP
held	VBD
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
Utilities	NNP
Analyst	NNP
Manager	NNP
,	,
supervising	VBG
four	CD
to	TO
five	CD
Utilities	NNS
Analysts	NNS
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
Certified	NNP
Public	NNP
Accountant	NNP
.	.
Although	IN
he	PRP
reviewed	VBD
the	DT
prepared	JJ
testimony	NN
of	IN
subordinate	JJ
Utilities	NNS
Analysts	NNS
who	WP
appeared	VBD
as	IN
witnesses	NNS
in	IN
contested	VBN
cases	NNS
,	,
he	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
personally	RB
participate	VB
in	IN
any	DT
meetings	NNS
or	CC
hearings	NNS
regarding	VBG
contested	VBN
matters	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
is	VBZ
seeking	VBG
the	DT
waiver	NN
so	IN
that	IN
he	PRP
may	MD
testify	VB
before	IN
an	DT
Administrative	JJ
Law	NN
Judge	NNP
,	,
should	MD
that	WDT
become	VBP
necessary	JJ
,	,
regarding	VBG
a	DT
natural	JJ
gas	NN
utility	NN
which	WDT
he	PRP
is	VBZ
assisting	VBG
in	IN
filing	NN
and	CC
processing	VBG
a	DT
rate	NN
change	NN
request	NN
.	.
He	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
personal	JJ
involvement	NN
with	IN
this	DT
particular	JJ
utility	NN
at	IN
anytime	RB
during	IN
his	PRP$
previous	JJ
State	NN
employment	NN
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
authorized	VBD
this	DT
Commission	NN
to	TO
waive	VB
the	DT
one	CD
year	NN
limitation	NN
on	IN
returning	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
former	JJ
agency	NN
to	TO
appear	VB
in	IN
a	DT
representative	JJ
capacity	NN
in	IN
circumstances	NNS
where	WRB
the	DT
requester	NN
would	MD
,	,
for	IN
all	DT
practical	JJ
purposes	NNS
,	,
be	VB
deprived	VBN
of	IN
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
earn	VB
a	DT
livelihood	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
outside	IN
of	IN
his	PRP$
governmental	JJ
agency	NN
.	.
This	DT
statutory	JJ
standard	JJ
requires	VBZ
a	DT
requester	NN
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
substantial	JJ
showing	NN
of	IN
hardship	NN
on	IN
obtaining	VBG
gainful	JJ
employment	NN
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
state	NN
government	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
many	JJ
public	JJ
bodies	NNS
and	CC
local	JJ
governments	NNS
have	VBP
many	JJ
part-time	JJ
public	NN
officials	NNS
and	CC
public	JJ
employees	NNS
serving	VBG
in	IN
elected	VBN
and	CC
appointed	VBN
capacities	NNS
;	:
and	CC
that	IN
certain	JJ
conflicts	NNS
of	IN
interest	NN
are	VBP
inherent	JJ
in	IN
part-time	JJ
service	NN
and	CC
do	VB
not	RB
,	,
in	IN
every	DT
instance	NN
,	,
disqualify	VBP
a	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
from	IN
the	DT
responsibility	NN
of	IN
voting	NN
or	CC
deciding	VBG
a	DT
matter	NN
;	:
however	RB
,	,
when	WRB
such	JJ
conflict	NN
becomes	VBZ
personal	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
particular	JJ
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
,	,
such	JJ
person	NN
should	MD
seek	VB
to	TO
be	VB
excused	VBN
from	IN
voting	NN
,	,
recused	VBN
from	IN
deciding	VBG
,	,
or	CC
otherwise	RB
relieved	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
obligation	NN
of	IN
acting	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
representative	NN
charged	VBN
with	IN
deciding	VBG
or	CC
acting	VBG
on	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
voting	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
final	JJ
approval	NN
for	IN
subdivisions	NNS
where	WRB
he	PRP
is	VBZ
doing	VBG
business	NN
with	IN
the	DT
developer	NN
directly	RB
or	CC
a	DT
contractor	NN
working	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
developer	NN
.	.
He	PRP
has	VBZ
requested	VBN
guidance	NN
on	IN
whether	IN
he	PRP
may	MD
vote	VB
in	IN
other	JJ
circumstances	NNS
involving	VBG
a	DT
previous	JJ
,	,
current	JJ
or	CC
potential	JJ
customer	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
requester	NN
to	TO
be	VB
recused	VBN
from	IN
those	DT
decisions	NNS
where	WRB
he	PRP
is	VBZ
currently	RB
supplying	VBG
the	DT
developer	NN
or	CC
a	DT
contractor	NN
for	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
subdivision	NN
,	,
or	CC
is	VBZ
currently	RB
bidding	VBG
on	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
mater	NN
,	,
as	IN
he	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
at	IN
least	JJS
an	DT
indirect	JJ
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
outcome	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
matters	NNS
.	.
Otherwise	RB
,	,
the	DT
requester	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
prohibited	VBN
from	IN
voting	VBG
on	IN
matters	NNS
when	WRB
approval	NN
may	MD
or	CC
may	MD
not	RB
lead	VB
to	TO
business	NN
with	IN
the	DT
developer	NN
,	,
a	DT
contractor	NN
working	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
developer	NN
,	,
an	DT
individual	JJ
home	NN
builder	NN
,	,
or	CC
contractor	NN
working	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
home	NN
builder	NN
.	.
A	DT
newly-elected	JJ
State	NN
Official	NNP
was	VBD
previously	RB
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
President	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
to	TO
serve	VB
on	IN
a	DT
federal	JJ
commission	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
compensated	VBN
federal	JJ
appointment	NN
.	.
The	DT
federal	JJ
commission	NN
primarily	RB
deals	VBZ
with	IN
pensions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Official	NNP
is	VBZ
primarily	RB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
election	NN
matters	NNS
but	CC
also	RB
deals	VBZ
with	IN
registration	NN
of	IN
corporations	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
business	NN
organizations	NNS
.	.
Business	NNP
A	NNP
is	VBZ
actively	RB
engaged	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
residential	JJ
building	NN
lots	NNS
.	.
Business	NNP
B	NNP
is	VBZ
engaged	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
construction	NN
of	IN
residential	JJ
and	CC
commercial	JJ
buildings	NNS
.	.
Both	DT
businesses	NNS
necessarily	RB
have	VBP
significant	JJ
interaction	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
and	CC
its	PRP$
staff	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
recognizes	VBZ
if	IN
he	PRP
accepts	VBZ
an	DT
appointment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
he	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
permitted	VBN
to	TO
personally	RB
contact	VB
the	DT
staff	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
or	CC
appear	VB
before	IN
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
in	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
any	DT
matter	NN
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
either	DT
Business	NN
A	DT
or	CC
B.	NNP
He	PRP
further	RB
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
he	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
permitted	VBN
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
vote	NN
or	CC
discussion	NN
on	IN
any	DT
permit	NN
,	,
license	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
matter	NN
involving	VBG
either	CC
Business	NNP
A	NNP
or	CC
B.	NNP
The	DT
requester	NN
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
determine	VB
if	IN
he	PRP
may	MD
nonetheless	RB
continue	VB
to	TO
pursue	VB
his	PRP$
business	NN
interests	NNS
by	IN
limiting	VBG
any	DT
contact	NN
between	IN
those	DT
businesses	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
and	CC
its	PRP$
staff	NN
to	TO
his	PRP$
employees	NNS
,	,
agents	NNS
and	CC
company	NN
officers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
facts	NNS
here	RB
involve	VBP
substantially	RB
the	DT
same	JJ
conflict	NN
of	IN
interest	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
previously	RB
determined	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
prohibited	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
limitations	NNS
in	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
g	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
requester	NN
elects	VBZ
to	TO
accept	VB
an	DT
appointment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
he	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
precluded	VBN
from	IN
appearing	VBG
before	IN
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
regarding	VBG
matters	NNS
concerning	VBG
his	PRP$
business	NN
activities	NNS
,	,
either	CC
personally	RB
and	CC
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
through	IN
employees	NNS
,	,
company	NN
officers	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
agents	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
this	DT
limitation	NN
continues	VBZ
to	TO
apply	VB
for	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
after	IN
his	PRP$
departure	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
.	.
After	IN
July	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2005	CD
,	,
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
recent	JJ
amendments	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
,	,
this	DT
post	NN
-	:
separation	NN
limitation	NN
will	MD
apply	VB
for	IN
one	CD
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
was	VBD
established	VBN
to	TO
regulate	VB
a	DT
particular	JJ
profession	NN
.	.
Persons	NNS
appointed	VBN
to	TO
this	DT
Board	NNP
must	MD
have	VB
engaged	VBN
in	IN
their	PRP$
profession	NN
for	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
ten	CD
years	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
has	VBZ
authority	NN
to	TO
investigate	VB
complaints	NNS
filed	VBN
against	IN
licensees	NNS
by	IN
any	DT
person	NN
and	CC
to	TO
take	VB
appropriate	JJ
disciplinary	JJ
action	NN
against	IN
a	DT
licensee	NN
for	IN
violating	VBG
certain	JJ
statutory	JJ
standards	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
also	RB
has	VBZ
specific	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
investigate	VB
a	DT
licensee	NN
on	IN
its	PRP$
own	JJ
motion	NN
or	CC
upon	IN
a	DT
complaint	NN
filed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
.	.
After	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
received	VBD
Complaint	NNP
No.	NNP
1	CD
against	IN
a	DT
licensee	NN
,	,
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
A	NNP
personally	RB
participated	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
investigation	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
that	DT
investigation	NN
,	,
he	PRP
visited	VBD
a	DT
particular	JJ
location	NN
where	WRB
he	PRP
observed	VBD
matters	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
relevant	JJ
to	TO
adjudicating	VBG
Complaint	NNP
No.	NN
1	CD
.	.
Legislative	JJ
Rules	NNS
-	:
158-9-2	CD
.1	CD
A	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
may	MD
not	RB
vote	VB
on	IN
or	CC
decide	VB
a	DT
matter	NN
...	:
when	WRB
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
has	VBZ
any	DT
pecuniary	JJ
interest	NN
either	CC
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
in	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
...	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
but	CC
may	MD
,	,
if	IN
their	PRP$
interest	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
...	:
in	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
is	VBZ
affected	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
no	DT
greater	JJR
extent	NN
than	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
member	NN
of	IN
,	,
a	DT
profession	NN
,	,
occupation	NN
or	CC
class	NN
.	.
Board	NNP
to	TO
file	VB
written	VBN
complaints	NNS
against	IN
a	DT
licensee	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
matters	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
personal	JJ
knowledge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
,	,
matters	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
record	NN
that	WDT
constitute	VBP
grounds	NNS
for	IN
disciplinary	JJ
action	NN
,	,
or	CC
upon	IN
information	NN
received	VBN
through	IN
investigative	JJ
activities	NNS
undertaken	VBN
in	IN
response	NN
to	TO
written	VBN
or	CC
verbal	JJ
complaints	NNS
.	.
The	DT
rules	NNS
specifically	RB
provide	VBP
that	IN
a	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
who	WP
files	VBZ
a	DT
written	VBN
complaint	NN
may	MD
not	RB
participate	VB
in	IN
final	JJ
deliberations	NNS
,	,
or	CC
vote	NN
on	IN
the	DT
final	JJ
disposition	NN
of	IN
a	DT
complaint	NN
,	,
unless	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
clear	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
complaint	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
filed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
of	IN
form	NN
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
has	VBZ
not	RB
prejudged	VBN
the	DT
case	NN
,	,
that	IN
only	RB
unproven	JJ
allegations	NNS
are	VBP
intended	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
complaint	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Board	NNP
member	NN
filing	VBG
the	DT
complaint	NN
has	VBZ
reached	VBN
no	DT
conclusion	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
mere	JJ
assertion	NN
of	IN
a	DT
charge	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
B	NNP
,	,
who	WP
initiated	VBD
Complaint	NNP
No.	NNP
2	CD
against	IN
a	DT
licensee	NN
based	VBN
upon	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
incidents	NNS
involving	VBG
one	CD
of	IN
his	PRP$
professional	JJ
clients	NNS
,	,
is	VBZ
personally	RB
involved	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
which	WDT
precludes	VBZ
him	PRP
from	IN
voting	VBG
on	IN
whether	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
probable	JJ
cause	NN
to	TO
pursue	VB
either	DT
complaint	NN
against	IN
this	DT
licensee	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
from	IN
participating	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
ultimate	JJ
adjudication	NN
of	IN
these	DT
matters	NNS
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
event	NN
probable	JJ
cause	NN
is	VBZ
found	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
remaining	VBG
Board	NNP
Members	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
is	VBZ
considering	VBG
leasing	VBG
space	NN
in	IN
a	DT
school	NN
building	NN
to	TO
a	DT
credit	NN
union	NN
.	.
The	DT
credit	NN
union	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
similar	JJ
financial	JJ
services	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
bank	NN
which	WDT
currently	RB
leases	VBZ
the	DT
space	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
continue	VB
participation	NN
in	IN
a	DT
finance	NN
curriculum	NN
for	IN
high	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
County	NNP
School	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
18,000	CD
members	NNS
in	IN
this	DT
credit	NN
union	NN
,	,
which	WDT
operates	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
,	,
non-profit	JJ
corporation	NN
.	.
Each	DT
member	NN
has	VBZ
equal	JJ
ownership	NN
and	CC
voice	NN
in	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
corporation	NN
,	,
without	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
loans	NNS
or	CC
deposits	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Superintendent	NNP
also	RB
serves	VBZ
,	,
without	IN
compensation	NN
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
supervisory	JJ
committee	NN
,	,
which	WDT
essentially	RB
functions	NNS
as	IN
the	DT
auditing	NN
committee	NN
for	IN
the	DT
business	NN
.	.
Supervisory	JJ
committee	NN
members	NNS
have	VBP
no	DT
voting	NN
rights	NNS
with	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
credit	NN
union	NN
management	NN
or	CC
decisions	NNS
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
provides	VBZ
in	IN
pertinent	JJ
part	NN
that	WDT
...	:
no	DT
elected	VBN
or	CC
appointed	VBN
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
or	CC
member	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
immediate	JJ
family	NN
or	CC
business	NN
with	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
associated	VBN
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
or	CC
have	VBP
an	DT
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
profits	NNS
or	CC
benefits	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
contract	NN
which	WDT
such	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
employee	NN
may	MD
have	VB
direct	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
,	,
or	CC
over	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
control	NN
...	:
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
Section	NNP
61-10-15	CD
states	NNS
in	IN
pertinent	JJ
part	NN
that	WDT
...	:
It	PRP
shall	MD
be	VB
unlawful	JJ
for	IN
any	DT
member	NN
of	IN
any	DT
county	NN
board	NN
...	:
to	TO
be	VB
or	CC
become	VB
pecuniarily	RB
interested	JJ
,	,
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
proceeds	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
contract	NN
or	CC
service	NN
or	CC
in	IN
furnishing	VBG
any	DT
supplies	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
for	IN
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
awarding	NN
or	CC
letting	VBG
of	IN
,	,
which	WDT
as	IN
such	JJ
member	NN
he	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
any	DT
voice	NN
,	,
influence	NN
or	CC
control	NN
.	.
Both	DT
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
and	CC
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
prohibit	VBP
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
personal	JJ
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
contract	NN
,	,
purchase	NN
or	CC
sale	NN
over	IN
which	WDT
their	PRP$
public	JJ
position	NN
gives	VBZ
them	PRP
control	NN
.	.
As	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
,	,
the	DT
requester	NN
is	VBZ
considered	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
control	NN
over	IN
his	PRP$
school	NN
systems	NNS
'	POS
financial	JJ
transactions	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
he	PRP
is	VBZ
precluded	VBN
from	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
personal	JJ
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
such	JJ
transactions	NNS
.	.
This	DT
decision	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
particular	JJ
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
request	NN
and	CC
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
relied	VBN
upon	IN
by	IN
others	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
decide	VB
whether	IN
a	DT
pecuniary	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
matter	NN
is	VBZ
de	IN
minimis	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
case-by-case	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
is	VBZ
considering	VBG
a	DT
proposal	NN
to	TO
restructure	VB
the	DT
television	NN
studio	NN
and	CC
associated	VBN
curriculum	NN
at	IN
a	DT
county	NN
high	JJ
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
proposal	NN
involves	VBZ
a	DT
collaborative	JJ
venture	NN
with	IN
several	JJ
private	JJ
sector	NN
businesses	NNS
,	,
WV	NNP
Public	NNP
Broadcasting	NNP
,	,
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
University	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
private	JJ
university	NN
.	.
Those	DT
entities	NNS
joined	VBD
with	IN
the	DT
school	NN
system	NN
in	IN
the	DT
venture	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
increased	VBN
educational	JJ
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
,	,
but	CC
will	MD
themselves	PRP
receive	VB
no	DT
financial	JJ
benefit	NN
from	IN
their	PRP$
involvement	NN
.	.
No	DT
county	NN
funds	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
property	NN
would	MD
be	VB
transferred	VBN
to	TO
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
participating	VBG
entities	NNS
and	CC
none	NN
of	IN
them	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
facilities	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
activities	NNS
.	.
These	DT
findings	NNS
make	VBP
it	PRP
clear	JJ
that	IN
no	DT
provision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
or	CC
its	PRP$
legislative	JJ
rules	NNS
on	IN
voting	NN
require	VBP
the	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
to	TO
be	VB
recused	VBN
from	IN
consideration	NN
of	IN
and	CC
vote	VB
on	IN
this	DT
proposal	NN
,	,
simply	RB
because	IN
the	DT
trust	NN
owns	VBZ
stock	NN
in	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
private	JJ
businesses	NNS
involved	VBN
.	.
Her	PRP$
participation	NN
is	VBZ
proper	JJ
and	CC
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Council	NNP
Member	NNP
serves	VBZ
as	IN
chair	NN
of	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
of	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
member	NN
.	.
He	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
tenured	JJ
professor	NN
employed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
State	NN
university	NN
.	.
He	PRP
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
he	PRP
may	MD
discuss	VB
and	CC
vote	VB
on	IN
matters	NNS
before	IN
Council	NNP
which	WDT
affect	VBP
the	DT
university	NN
by	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
is	VBZ
employed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
notes	VBZ
that	IN
its	PRP$
rules	NNS
do	VBP
permit	VB
the	DT
Member	NNP
to	TO
vote	VB
on	IN
matters	NNS
which	WDT
affect	VBP
his	PRP$
employer	NN
,	,
only	RB
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
no	DT
greater	JJR
extent	NN
than	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
member	NN
of	IN
,	,
a	DT
profession	NN
,	,
occupation	NN
or	CC
class	NN
.	.
He	PRP
could	MD
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
vote	NN
on	IN
matters	NNS
which	WDT
would	MD
affect	VB
the	DT
general	JJ
business	NN
community	NN
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
university	NN
.	.
He	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
,	,
however	RB
,	,
preside	VB
over	RP
,	,
take	VB
part	NN
in	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
of	IN
,	,
or	CC
vote	NN
on	IN
a	DT
proposal	NN
that	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
grant	NN
financial	JJ
assistance	NN
to	TO
a	DT
University	NNP
program	NN
or	CC
project	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
matters	NNS
that	WDT
uniquely	RB
affect	VB
his	PRP$
employer	NN
.	.
While	IN
this	DT
Opinion	NN
deals	NNS
with	IN
filling	VBG
a	DT
vacant	JJ
public	JJ
office	NN
,	,
rather	RB
than	IN
hiring	VBG
someone	NN
as	IN
an	DT
agency	NN
employee	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
matter	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
Council	NNP
Member	NNP
has	VBZ
a	DT
personal	JJ
financial	JJ
interest	NN
,	,
since	IN
the	DT
office	NN
of	IN
Mayor	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
full-time	JJ
paid	VBN
position	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
and	CC
rules	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
Member	NNP
should	MD
not	RB
vote	VB
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
Council	NNP
on	IN
his	PRP$
own	JJ
candidacy	NN
for	IN
the	DT
office	NN
of	IN
Mayor	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
seeking	VBG
reelection	NN
and	CC
her	PRP$
term	NN
will	MD
expire	VB
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
June	NNP
,	,
2002	CD
.	.
She	PRP
and	CC
her	PRP$
spouse	NN
own	JJ
and	CC
operate	VB
a	DT
construction	NN
company	NN
and	CC
they	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
bid	VB
on	IN
and	CC
perform	VB
school	NN
building	NN
construction	NN
work	NN
,	,
once	RB
her	PRP$
term	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
has	VBZ
expired	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Requester	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
asked	VBN
to	TO
serve	VB
on	IN
the	DT
Citizens	NNPS
Legislative	NNP
Compensation	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
whose	WP$
seven	CD
members	NNS
establish	VB
legislative	JJ
compensation	NN
and	CC
expense	NN
allowances	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
asks	VBZ
if	IN
his	PRP$
role	NN
as	IN
a	DT
registered	VBN
lobbyist	NN
disqualifies	VBZ
him	PRP
from	IN
serving	VBG
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
establishing	VBG
legislative	JJ
compensation	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
matter	NN
which	WDT
affects	VBZ
registered	VBN
lobbyists	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
which	WDT
would	MD
influence	VB
their	PRP$
vote	NN
and	CC
would	MD
give	VB
the	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
impropriety	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
actions	NNS
on	IN
such	JJ
matters	NNS
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
their	PRP$
well	NN
intentioned	JJ
and	CC
determined	JJ
efforts	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
objective	JJ
.	.
The	DT
University	NNP
has	VBZ
advertised	VBN
for	IN
applicants	NNS
to	TO
fill	VB
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
Director	NNP
for	IN
an	DT
Institute	NNP
created	VBN
and	CC
funded	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
US	NNP
Congress	NNP
.	.
The	DT
University	NNP
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
setting	VBG
up	RP
and	CC
overseeing	VBG
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Institute	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Director	NNP
will	MD
report	VB
to	TO
the	DT
University	NNP
President	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Legislator	NNP
serves	VBZ
as	IN
Vice	NNP
Chairman	NNP
of	IN
a	DT
Legislative	NNP
Education	NNP
Committee	NNP
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
provides	VBZ
in	IN
pertinent	JJ
part	NN
that	WDT
...	:
A	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
may	MD
not	RB
knowingly	RB
and	CC
intentionally	RB
use	VB
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
office	NN
or	CC
the	DT
prestige	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
office	NN
for	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
own	JJ
private	JJ
gain	NN
or	CC
that	IN
of	IN
another	DT
person	NN
...	:
Under	IN
existing	VBG
State	NNP
Forestry	NNP
policies	NNS
,	,
State	NNP
Foresters	NNPS
may	MD
provide	VB
landowners	NNS
with	IN
free	JJ
or	CC
heavily	RB
subsidized	JJ
forest	NN
management	NN
services	NNS
comparable	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
work	NN
the	DT
Forester	NNP
proposes	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
on	IN
his	PRP$
own	JJ
time	NN
as	IN
a	DT
paid	VBN
consultant	NN
.	.
While	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
limits	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
size	NN
of	IN
the	DT
tract	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
qualify	VB
for	IN
these	DT
services	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
appears	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
1,000	CD
acre	NN
tract	NN
may	MD
fall	VB
within	IN
the	DT
upper	JJ
limits	NNS
of	IN
those	DT
which	WDT
qualify	VBP
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
Foresters	NNS
regulate	VB
those	DT
in	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
whom	WP
they	PRP
,	,
or	CC
their	PRP$
subordinates	NNS
,	,
have	VBP
taken	VBN
official	JJ
action	NN
on	IN
matters	NNS
involving	VBG
enforcement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Logging	NNP
Sediment	NNP
Control	NNP
Act	NNP
,	,
forest	NN
fire	NN
laws	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
ginseng	NN
program	NN
.	.
They	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
regulate	VB
forest	NN
landowners	NNS
generally	RB
,	,
or	CC
those	DT
to	TO
whom	WP
they	PRP
provide	VBP
forestry	NN
management	NN
services	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
this	DT
provision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Forester	NNP
to	TO
be	VB
employed	VBN
part-time	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
paid	VBN
consultant	NN
by	IN
the	DT
landowner	NN
,	,
assuming	VBG
neither	RB
he	PRP
nor	CC
any	DT
of	IN
his	PRP$
subordinates	NNS
have	VBP
taken	VBN
regulatory	JJ
action	NN
in	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
landowner	NN
within	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
year	NN
.	.
State	NNP
Forester	NNP
,	,
or	CC
his	PRP$
subordinates	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Forester	NNP
to	TO
accept	VB
private	JJ
pay	NN
from	IN
the	DT
landowner	NN
for	IN
performing	VBG
the	DT
same	JJ
services	NNS
on	IN
his	PRP$
own	JJ
time	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
landowner	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
entitled	VBN
to	TO
receive	VB
free	JJ
or	CC
subsidized	JJ
management	NN
services	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
State	NN
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Forester	NNP
to	TO
accept	VB
private	JJ
pay	NN
for	IN
doing	VBG
the	DT
work	NN
on	IN
his	PRP$
own	JJ
time	NN
.	.
The	DT
proposal	NN
calls	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
station	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
approximately	RB
half	PDT
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
producing	VBG
and	CC
airing	VBG
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
thirty	CD
second	JJ
promotional	JJ
spots	NNS
.	.
The	DT
balance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
cost	NN
would	MD
be	VB
shared	VBN
by	IN
Board	NNP
vendors	NNS
whose	WP$
support	NN
would	MD
be	VB
acknowledged	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
final	JJ
ten	CD
seconds	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
spots	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
or	CC
its	PRP$
personnel	NNS
to	TO
acknowledge	VB
their	PRP$
support	NN
of	IN
the	DT
campaign	NN
or	CC
their	PRP$
belief	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
will	MD
benefit	VB
public	JJ
education	NN
goals	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
improper	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
or	CC
its	PRP$
personnel	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
influence	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
public	JJ
positions	NNS
to	TO
persuade	VB
or	CC
influence	VB
Board	NNP
vendors	NNS
to	TO
support	VB
the	DT
campaign	NN
and	CC
they	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
sensitive	JJ
to	TO
avoid	VB
conduct	NN
which	WDT
suggests	VBZ
a	DT
link	NN
between	IN
support	NN
for	IN
the	DT
campaign	NN
and	CC
continued	VBD
business	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Interests	NNS
in	IN
public	JJ
contracts	NNS
,	,
provides	VBZ
in	IN
part	NN
that	IN
...	:
no	DT
elected	VBN
or	CC
appointed	VBN
official	JJ
or	CC
employee	NN
or	CC
member	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
immediate	JJ
family	NN
or	CC
business	NN
with	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
associated	VBN
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
or	CC
have	VBP
an	DT
interest	NN
in	IN
...	:
a	DT
contract	NN
which	WDT
such	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
employee	NN
may	MD
have	VB
direct	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
,	,
or	CC
over	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
control	NN
...	:
Both	DT
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
and	CC
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
,	,
a	DT
criminal	JJ
misdemeanor	NN
statute	NN
,	,
prohibit	VBP
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
being	VBG
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
,	,
or	CC
having	VBG
a	DT
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
,	,
a	DT
public	JJ
contract	NN
,	,
purchase	NN
or	CC
sale	NN
over	IN
which	WDT
their	PRP$
public	JJ
position	NN
gives	VBZ
them	PRP
control	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
,	,
does	VBZ
apply	VB
to	TO
businesses	NNS
by	IN
which	WDT
public	JJ
servants	NNS
are	VBP
employed	VBN
and	CC
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
to	TO
lease	VB
or	CC
sell	VB
property	NN
to	TO
a	DT
business	NN
which	WDT
employs	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
its	PRP$
Board	NNP
Members	NNP
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
the	DT
Member	NNP
were	VBD
recused	VBN
from	IN
official	JJ
action	NN
on	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
.	.
He	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
appear	VB
before	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
work	NN
with	IN
the	DT
engineering	NN
company	NN
and	CC
asks	VBZ
if	IN
his	PRP$
position	NN
on	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Zoning	NNP
Appeals	NNP
prevents	VBZ
him	PRP
from	IN
doing	VBG
so	RB
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
he	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
appear	VB
before	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Zoning	NNP
Appeals	NNP
in	IN
a	DT
representative	JJ
capacity	NN
,	,
and	CC
refrains	VBZ
from	IN
such	JJ
activity	NN
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
the	DT
requester	NN
recuses	VBZ
himself	PRP
from	IN
matters	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Zoning	NNP
Appeals	NNP
which	WDT
involve	VBP
the	DT
engineering	NN
company	NN
by	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
is	VBZ
employed	VBN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Planning	NNP
Commission	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
separate	JJ
governmental	JJ
entity	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
prohibit	VB
the	DT
requester	NN
from	IN
appearing	VBG
before	IN
that	DT
agency	NN
in	IN
a	DT
representative	JJ
capacity	NN
.	.
Board	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Member	NNP
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
personnel	NNS
matters	NNS
regarding	VBG
all	DT
Board	NNP
employees	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
asks	VBZ
if	IN
he	PRP
may	MD
take	VB
part	NN
in	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
and	CC
vote	NN
on	IN
personnel	NNS
matters	NNS
affecting	VBG
the	DT
principal	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
his	PRP$
tenant	NN
.	.
The	DT
rules	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
House	NNP
and	CC
Senate	NNP
achieve	VBP
the	DT
same	JJ
result	NN
,	,
e.g.	FW
public	JJ
school	NN
teachers	NNS
who	WP
serve	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
are	VBP
permitted	VBN
to	TO
vote	VB
on	IN
a	DT
pay	NN
raise	NN
for	IN
public	JJ
school	NN
teachers	NNS
generally	RB
.	.
Being	VBG
affected	VBN
only	RB
as	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
teaching	NN
profession	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
no	DT
greater	JJR
extent	NN
than	IN
other	JJ
teachers	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
permitted	VBN
to	TO
vote	VB
on	IN
the	DT
legislation	NN
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
it	PRP
will	MD
benefit	VB
them	PRP
financially	RB
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Commission	NNP
can	MD
neither	RB
anticipate	VB
all	PDT
the	DT
matters	NNS
with	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
Member	NNP
may	MD
be	VB
confronted	VBN
nor	CC
whether	IN
he	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Those	DT
matters	NNS
which	WDT
appear	VBP
to	TO
fall	VB
outside	IN
the	DT
limits	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Advisory	NNP
Opinion	NNP
will	MD
have	VB
to	TO
be	VB
dealt	VBN
with	IN
on	IN
a	DT
case	NN
by	IN
case	NN
basis	NN
,	,
as	IN
they	PRP
arise	VBP
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
is	VBZ
governed	VBN
by	IN
nine	CD
voting	NN
members	NNS
,	,
two	CD
of	IN
whom	WP
serve	VBP
ex	FW
officio	FW
,	,
three	CD
are	VBP
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Governor	NNP
to	TO
represent	VB
the	DT
general	JJ
public	NN
and	CC
four	CD
are	VBP
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Governor	NNP
from	IN
among	IN
those	DT
who	WP
currently	RB
hold	VBP
licenses	NNS
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
.	.
The	DT
number	NN
of	IN
those	DT
licensed	VBN
is	VBZ
presently	RB
restricted	VBN
to	TO
forty	CD
.	.
The	DT
licenses	NNS
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
may	MD
be	VB
transferred	VBN
,	,
sold	VBN
,	,
offered	VBN
as	IN
security	NN
to	TO
financial	JJ
institutions	NNS
or	CC
otherwise	RB
encumbered	VBD
.	.
The	DT
significant	JJ
financial	JJ
value	NN
of	IN
the	DT
licenses	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
affected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
issuance	NN
of	IN
more	JJR
licenses	NNS
or	CC
the	DT
termination	NN
or	CC
non-renewal	NN
of	IN
licenses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Chairman	NNP
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
Commission	NNP
members	NNS
who	WP
hold	VBP
licenses	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
recused	VBN
from	IN
considering	VBG
and	CC
voting	VBG
on	IN
license	NN
applications	NNS
,	,
since	IN
their	PRP$
actions	NNS
can	MD
significantly	RB
alter	VB
the	DT
value	NN
of	IN
the	DT
licenses	NNS
they	PRP
hold	VBP
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
j	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
Limitations	NNPS
on	IN
participation	NN
in	IN
licensing	NN
and	CC
rate-making	JJ
proceedings	NNS
.	.
--	:
No	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
employee	NN
may	MD
participate	VB
within	IN
the	DT
scope	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
duties	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
employee	NN
...	:
in	IN
any	DT
license	NN
or	CC
rate-making	JJ
proceeding	NN
that	WDT
directly	RB
affects	VBZ
the	DT
license	NN
or	CC
rates	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
person	NN
,	,
partnership	NN
,	,
trust	NN
,	,
business	NN
trust	NN
,	,
corporation	NN
or	CC
association	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
employee	NN
or	CC
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
immediate	JJ
family	NN
owns	VBZ
or	CC
controls	VBZ
more	RBR
than	IN
ten	CD
percent	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
took	VBD
a	DT
different	JJ
approach	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
when	WRB
dealing	VBG
with	IN
voting	NN
by	IN
public	JJ
servants	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
involved	VBN
in	IN
license	NN
and	CC
rate-making	JJ
proceedings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
taking	VBG
official	JJ
action	NN
on	IN
license	NN
and	CC
rate	NN
making	VBG
matters	NNS
which	WDT
directly	RB
affect	VBP
their	PRP$
own	JJ
licenses	NNS
,	,
or	CC
those	DT
of	IN
a	DT
business	NN
which	WDT
they	PRP
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
immediate	JJ
family	NN
,	,
own	JJ
or	CC
control	VB
an	DT
interest	NN
of	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
ten	CD
per	IN
cent	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
proviso	NN
allowing	VBG
them	PRP
to	TO
vote	VB
if	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
affected	VBN
only	RB
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
a	DT
group	NN
.	.
The	DT
State	NN
has	VBZ
more	JJR
than	IN
forty	CD
professional	JJ
and	CC
occupational	JJ
licensing	NN
boards	NNS
and	CC
commissions	NNS
responsible	JJ
for	IN
activities	NNS
spanning	VBG
from	IN
accountancy	NN
and	CC
acupuncture	NN
to	TO
veterinary	JJ
medicine	NN
.	.
Each	DT
issues	NNS
licenses	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
to	TO
insure	VB
the	DT
competence	NN
of	IN
those	DT
who	WP
hold	VBP
and	CC
exercise	VBP
the	DT
licenses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Commission	NNP
can	MD
neither	RB
anticipate	VB
all	PDT
the	DT
matters	NNS
with	IN
which	WDT
this	DT
State	NNP
Commission	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
confronted	VBN
nor	CC
provide	VBP
an	DT
answer	NN
to	TO
whether	IN
each	DT
would	MD
directly	RB
affect	VB
the	DT
licenses	NNS
of	IN
Commission	NNP
members	NNS
who	WP
hold	VBP
licenses	NNS
.	.
Those	DT
which	WDT
appear	VBP
to	TO
fall	VB
outside	IN
the	DT
limits	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Advisory	NNP
Opinion	NNP
will	MD
have	VB
to	TO
be	VB
dealt	VBN
with	IN
on	IN
a	DT
case	NN
by	IN
case	NN
basis	NN
,	,
as	IN
they	PRP
arise	VBP
.	.
The	DT
Requester	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
registered	VBN
lobbyist	NN
with	IN
a	DT
business	NN
entity	NN
that	WDT
represents	VBZ
several	JJ
clients	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
and	CC
another	DT
employee	NN
of	IN
the	DT
business	NN
ordinarily	RB
represent	VBP
8	CD
to	TO
10	CD
clients	NNS
during	IN
a	DT
registration	NN
cycle	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
multiple	JJ
employees	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
lobbying	NN
firm	NN
are	VBP
each	DT
required	VBN
to	TO
pay	VB
an	DT
additional	JJ
$	$
100	CD
for	IN
every	DT
client	NN
they	PRP
jointly	RB
represent	VBP
.	.
Whenever	NNP
a	DT
lobbyist	NN
modifies	VBZ
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
registration	NN
to	TO
add	VB
additional	JJ
employers	NNS
an	DT
additional	JJ
registration	NN
fee	NN
of	IN
one	CD
hundred	CD
dollars	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
additional	JJ
employer	NN
represented	VBD
shall	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Commission	NNP
.	.
The	DT
rules	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
House	NNP
and	CC
Senate	NNP
achieve	VBP
the	DT
same	JJ
result	NN
,	,
e.g.	FW
,	,
public	JJ
school	NN
teachers	NNS
who	WP
serve	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
are	VBP
permitted	VBN
to	TO
vote	VB
on	IN
a	DT
pay	NN
raise	NN
for	IN
public	JJ
school	NN
teachers	NNS
generally	RB
.	.
Being	VBG
affected	VBN
only	RB
as	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
teaching	NN
profession	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
no	DT
greater	JJR
extent	NN
than	IN
other	JJ
teachers	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
permitted	VBN
to	TO
vote	VB
on	IN
the	DT
legislation	NN
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
it	PRP
will	MD
benefit	VB
them	PRP
financially	RB
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
requires	VBZ
all	DT
elected	VBN
officials	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
state	NN
and	CC
county	NN
level	NN
to	TO
file	VB
an	DT
annual	JJ
financial	JJ
disclosure	NN
statement	NN
.	.
Supervisors	NNPS
of	IN
Soil	NNP
Conservation	NNP
Districts	NNPS
are	VBP
public	JJ
servants	NNS
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
standards	NNS
of	IN
conduct	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Act	NNP
.	.
However	RB
,	,
Supervisors	NNPS
have	VBP
not	RB
previously	RB
been	VBN
recognized	VBN
as	IN
elected	VBN
officials	NNS
required	VBD
to	TO
submit	VB
financial	JJ
disclosure	NN
statements	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Commission	NNP
.	.
During	IN
a	DT
recent	JJ
Special	JJ
Session	NN
of	IN
the	DT
WV	NNP
Legislature	NNP
,	,
a	DT
coalition	NN
of	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
dozen	NN
associations	NNS
sponsored	VBD
a	DT
newspaper	NN
ad	NN
that	WDT
ran	VBD
in	IN
10	CD
newspapers	NNS
around	IN
the	DT
State	NN
.	.
The	DT
total	JJ
cost	NN
of	IN
running	VBG
the	DT
ads	NNS
,	,
approximately	RB
$	$
15,500	CD
,	,
was	VBD
paid	VBN
for	IN
by	IN
the	DT
association	NN
with	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
Requester	NNP
is	VBZ
associated	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
believes	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
ads	NNS
were	VBD
aimed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
public	NN
and	CC
were	VBD
designed	VBN
to	TO
influence	VB
the	DT
legislative	JJ
agenda	NN
of	IN
the	DT
sponsoring	VBG
coalition	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
the	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
ads	NNS
constitute	VBP
a	DT
grass	NN
roots	NNS
lobbying	VBG
campaign	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
sponsor	NN
or	CC
sponsors	NNS
must	MD
register	VB
it	PRP
as	IN
such	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
is	VBZ
considering	VBG
a	DT
proposed	VBN
settlement	NN
of	IN
a	DT
grievance	NN
filed	VBN
by	IN
15	CD
current	JJ
and	CC
former	JJ
teachers	NNS
.	.
One	CD
of	IN
those	DT
teachers	NNS
,	,
who	WP
would	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
damages	NNS
if	IN
the	DT
settlement	NN
were	VBD
approved	VBN
,	,
is	VBZ
the	DT
President	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
three	CD
member	NN
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
.	.
Sheriff	NNP
,	,
one	CD
serves	VBZ
as	IN
municipal	JJ
judge	NN
for	IN
a	DT
small	JJ
town	NN
which	WDT
occasionally	RB
receives	VBZ
grants	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
third	JJ
is	VBZ
the	DT
full-time	JJ
director	NN
of	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
authority	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
governed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
board	NN
on	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
Commission	NNP
President	NNP
serves	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
.	.
Two	CD
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Members	NNP
ask	VB
whether	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
for	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
remain	VB
in	IN
a	DT
Board	NNP
meeting	NN
,	,
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
secure	VB
a	DT
quorum	NN
,	,
during	IN
a	DT
vote	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
a	DT
utility	NN
bill	NN
from	IN
a	DT
company	NN
by	IN
which	WDT
their	PRP$
husbands	NNS
are	VBP
employed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
recently	RB
lost	VBD
one	CD
of	IN
its	PRP$
five	CD
members	NNS
.	.
Two	CD
of	IN
the	DT
remaining	VBG
Board	NNP
members	NNS
have	VBP
recused	VBN
themselves	PRP
from	IN
acting	VBG
on	IN
utility	NN
bills	NNS
from	IN
their	PRP$
spouses	NNS
?	.
employer	NN
and	CC
the	DT
Board	NNP
is	VBZ
unable	JJ
to	TO
secure	VB
a	DT
three	CD
member	NN
quorum	NN
needed	VBN
to	TO
act	VB
on	IN
the	DT
bills	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Members	NNP
ask	VB
if	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
remain	VB
in	IN
the	DT
room	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
sustain	VB
a	DT
quorum	NN
,	,
if	IN
they	PRP
take	VBP
no	DT
part	NN
in	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
or	CC
vote	NN
on	IN
whether	IN
to	TO
pay	VB
these	DT
bills	NNS
.	.
Municipality	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
associated	VBN
by	IN
contract	NN
with	IN
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
physicians	NNS
who	WP
deliver	VBP
at	IN
a	DT
competing	VBG
hospital	NN
in	IN
a	DT
neighboring	VBG
community	NN
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
exception	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
deliveries	NN
,	,
all	DT
of	IN
which	WDT
are	VBP
performed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
hospital	NN
,	,
her	PRP$
practice	NN
is	VBZ
confined	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Municipality	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
no	DT
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
hospital	NN
and	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
sit	VB
on	IN
its	PRP$
Board	NNP
or	CC
any	DT
of	IN
its	PRP$
committees	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Trustee	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
native	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Municipality	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
postgraduate	JJ
training	NN
in	IN
medical	JJ
management	NN
and	CC
finance	NN
,	,
has	VBZ
a	DT
certificate	NN
in	IN
Medical	NNP
Management	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
Board	NNP
Certified	NNP
in	IN
Quality	NNP
Assurance	NNP
and	CC
Utilization	NN
Review	NNP
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
e	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
Confidential	NNP
information	NN
.	.
No	DT
present	JJ
or	CC
former	JJ
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
may	MD
knowingly	RB
and	CC
improperly	RB
disclose	VB
any	DT
confidential	JJ
information	NN
acquired	VBN
by	IN
him	PRP
or	CC
her	PRP$
in	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
official	JJ
duties	NNS
nor	CC
use	VB
such	JJ
information	NN
to	TO
further	VB
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
personal	JJ
interests	NNS
or	CC
the	DT
interests	NNS
of	IN
another	DT
person	NN
.	.
``	``
personal	JJ
''	''
to	TO
a	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
when	WRB
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
has	VBZ
any	DT
pecuniary	JJ
interest	NN
either	CC
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
in	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
or	CC
is	VBZ
affected	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
which	WDT
may	MD
influence	VB
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
vote	NN
or	CC
would	MD
clearly	RB
give	VB
the	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
impropriety	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
Legislative	NNP
Rule	NNP
158-9-2	CD
.3	CD
For	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
's	POS
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
's	POS
recusal	NN
to	TO
be	VB
effective	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
official	NN
or	CC
employee	NN
to	TO
excuse	VB
himself	PRP
from	IN
participating	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
and	CC
decision-making	JJ
process	NN
by	IN
physically	RB
removing	VBG
himself	PRP
from	IN
the	DT
room	NN
during	IN
that	DT
period	NN
,	,
fully	RB
disclose	VB
his	PRP$
interest	NN
,	,
and	CC
recuse	VB
himself	PRP
from	IN
voting	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
issue	NN
.	.
Think	VB
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
helpful	JJ
to	TO
see	VB
which	WDT
of	IN
the	DT
several	JJ
questions	NNS
would	MD
,	,
of	IN
necessity	NN
,	,
be	VB
discussed	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
open	JJ
meeting	NN
during	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
Dr.	NNP
would	MD
be	VB
entitled	VBN
to	TO
express	VB
her	PRP$
opinion	NN
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
If	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
some	DT
among	IN
the	DT
several	JJ
where	WRB
there	EX
appears	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
collision	NN
between	IN
the	DT
Dr.	NNP
and	CC
her	PRP$
competition	NN
,	,
then	RB
I	PRP
believe	VBP
we	PRP
might	MD
want	VB
to	TO
secure	VB
her	PRP$
right	NN
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
,	,
but	CC
bar	NN
her	PRP$
vote	NN
on	IN
the	DT
issue	NN
.	.
Ordinarily	RB
,	,
public	JJ
servants	NNS
are	VBP
prohibited	VBN
from	IN
accepting	VBG
gifts	NNS
from	IN
vendors	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
business	NN
,	,
or	CC
seek	VB
to	TO
do	VB
business	NN
,	,
with	IN
their	PRP$
agency	NN
.	.
That	IN
the	DT
requester	NN
was	VBD
one	CD
of	IN
over	RB
200	CD
people	NNS
attending	VBG
the	DT
conference	NN
where	WRB
the	DT
door	NN
prize	NN
was	VBD
won	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
bona	NN
fide	JJ
random	JJ
drawing	NN
,	,
and	CC
her	PRP$
influence	NN
over	IN
contracting	NN
decisions	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
limited	VBN
,	,
does	VBZ
not	RB
create	VB
an	DT
exception	NN
to	TO
the	DT
prohibition	NN
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
violate	VB
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
requester	NN
to	TO
accept	VB
this	DT
door	NN
prize	NN
from	IN
a	DT
vendor	NN
to	TO
her	PRP$
agency	NN
.	.
The	DT
requestor	NN
may	MD
either	RB
turn	VB
the	DT
gift	NN
certificates	NNS
over	IN
to	TO
her	PRP$
agency	NN
for	IN
official	JJ
use	NN
or	CC
return	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
vendor	NN
.	.
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
provides	VBZ
in	IN
pertinent	JJ
part	NN
that	WDT
...	:
A	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
may	MD
not	RB
knowingly	RB
and	CC
intentionally	RB
use	VB
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
office	NN
or	CC
the	DT
prestige	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
office	NN
for	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
own	JJ
private	JJ
gain	NN
or	CC
that	IN
of	IN
another	DT
person	NN
.	.
The	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
usual	JJ
and	CC
customary	JJ
duties	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
office	NN
or	CC
position	NN
or	CC
the	DT
advancement	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
policy	NN
goals	NNS
or	CC
constituent	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
without	IN
compensation	NN
,	,
does	VBZ
not	RB
constitute	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
prestige	NN
of	IN
office	NN
for	IN
private	JJ
gain	NN
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
soliciting	VBG
gifts	NNS
unless	IN
the	DT
solicitation	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
a	DT
charitable	JJ
purpose	NN
.	.
A	DT
gift	NN
is	VBZ
something	NN
given	VBN
voluntarily	RB
and	CC
without	IN
something	NN
given	VBN
in	IN
return	NN
.	.
Monetary	NNP
contributions	NNS
from	IN
local	JJ
businesses	NNS
,	,
groups	NNS
or	CC
individuals	NNS
fall	VBP
within	IN
the	DT
definition	NN
of	IN
gifts	NNS
.	.
The	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
may	MD
solicit	VB
monetary	JJ
contributions	NNS
if	IN
the	DT
proceeds	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
charitable	JJ
purpose	NN
.	.
Even	RB
if	IN
the	DT
solicitation	NN
is	VBZ
permissible	JJ
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
must	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
other	JJ
rules	NNS
governing	VBG
solicitations	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
for	IN
its	PRP$
actions	NNS
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
In	IN
soliciting	VBG
businesses	NNS
or	CC
companies	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
should	MD
not	RB
endorse	VB
a	DT
particular	JJ
product	NN
or	CC
business	NN
.	.
This	DT
action	NN
would	MD
constitute	VB
the	DT
prohibited	VBN
use	NN
of	IN
office	NN
for	IN
private	JJ
gain	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
also	RB
regulates	VBZ
individuals	NNS
and	CC
businesses	NNS
.	.
To	TO
avoid	VB
an	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
conflict	NN
,	,
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
and	CC
its	PRP$
employees	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
orally	RB
solicit	VB
donations	NNS
from	IN
individuals	NNS
or	CC
businesses	NNS
which	WDT
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
regulates	VBZ
.	.
A	DT
written	VBN
solicitation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
or	CC
business	NN
community	NN
at	IN
large	JJ
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
the	DT
targeted	JJ
group	NN
may	MD
encompass	VB
regulated	JJ
individuals	NNS
or	CC
entities	NNS
,	,
would	MD
be	VB
permissible	JJ
.	.
The	DT
written	VBN
solicitation	NN
may	MD
also	RB
be	VB
in	IN
the	DT
form	NN
of	IN
a	DT
newspaper	NN
advertisement	NN
.	.
In	IN
conclusion	NN
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
to	TO
solicit	VB
funds	NNS
for	IN
public	JJ
health	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
provided	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
solicitations	NNS
are	VBP
conducted	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
guidelines	NNS
summarized	VBN
herein	RB
.	.
A	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
is	VBZ
developing	VBG
a	DT
quarterly	JJ
newsletter	NN
for	IN
distribution	NN
to	TO
vendors	NNS
and	CC
regulated	JJ
businesses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
agency	NN
is	VBZ
proposing	VBG
to	TO
offset	VB
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
publication	NN
by	IN
selling	VBG
advertising	NN
in	IN
the	DT
newsletter	NN
to	TO
these	DT
same	JJ
entities	NNS
.	.
Advertising	NN
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
accepted	VBN
from	IN
vendors	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
barred	VBN
or	CC
suspended	VBN
from	IN
doing	VBG
business	NN
with	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
,	,
or	CC
from	IN
employers	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
delinquent	JJ
status	NN
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
soliciting	VBG
gifts	NNS
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
gift	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
a	DT
charitable	JJ
purpose	NN
.	.
The	DT
Agency	NNP
wants	VBZ
to	TO
insure	VB
that	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
sale	NN
of	IN
advertising	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
prohibited	VBN
gift	NN
solicitation	NN
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
sale	NN
of	IN
advertising	NN
in	IN
a	DT
periodic	JJ
newsletter	NN
,	,
which	WDT
offers	VBZ
reasonable	JJ
value	NN
for	IN
the	DT
expense	NN
,	,
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
prohibited	VBN
gift	NN
solicitation	NN
in	IN
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
may	MD
properly	RB
exclude	VB
barred	VBN
or	CC
suspended	VBN
vendors	NNS
and	CC
delinquent	JJ
businesses	NNS
from	IN
advertising	NN
in	IN
its	PRP$
newsletter	NN
.	.
The	DT
Agency	NNP
should	MD
consider	VB
including	VBG
a	DT
disclaimer	NN
in	IN
its	PRP$
newsletter	NN
which	WDT
states	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
advertising	NN
in	IN
the	DT
publication	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
construed	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
endorsement	NN
of	IN
any	DT
particular	JJ
vendor	NN
or	CC
product	NN
.	.
The	DT
YMCA	NNP
asks	VBZ
that	IN
an	DT
employee	NN
of	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
serve	VBP
as	IN
coordinator	NN
,	,
responsible	JJ
for	IN
publicizing	VBG
the	DT
discount	NN
program	NN
in	IN
an	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
obtain	VB
the	DT
necessary	JJ
50	CD
memberships	NNS
.	.
The	DT
YMCA	NNP
offers	VBZ
a	DT
free	JJ
annual	JJ
membership	NN
,	,
valued	VBN
at	IN
over	IN
$	$
400	CD
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
coordinator	NN
.	.
An	DT
employee	NN
selected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Classified	NNP
Staff	NNP
Council	NNP
has	VBZ
agreed	VBN
to	TO
act	VB
as	IN
coordinator	NN
,	,
and	CC
inquires	VBZ
if	IN
he	PRP
may	MD
accept	VB
the	DT
free	JJ
membership	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
further	JJ
determined	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
prohibition	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
against	IN
accepting	VBG
gifts	NNS
does	VBZ
not	RB
apply	VB
in	IN
a	DT
situation	NN
where	WRB
the	DT
financial	JJ
benefit	NN
to	TO
public	JJ
servants	NNS
involves	VBZ
an	DT
inducement	NN
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
a	DT
program	NN
which	WDT
ultimately	RB
benefits	VBZ
their	PRP$
agency	NN
.	.
A	DT
group	NN
of	IN
law	NN
enforcement	NN
officers	NNS
have	VBP
formed	VBN
two	CD
separate	JJ
,	,
although	IN
related	JJ
,	,
organizations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
is	VBZ
a	DT
non-profit	JJ
membership	NN
Association	NNP
.	.
The	DT
voting	NN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Association	NNP
are	VBP
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NN
as	IN
law	NN
enforcement	NN
professionals	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Association	NNP
has	VBZ
established	VBN
a	DT
separate	JJ
Fund	NN
as	IN
a	DT
charitable	JJ
organization	NN
under	IN
Section	NN
501	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
Federal	NNP
internal	JJ
revenue	NN
code	NN
.	.
The	DT
Association	NNP
uses	VBZ
funds	NNS
generated	VBD
from	IN
membership	NN
dues	NNS
to	TO
persuade	VB
the	DT
public	NN
of	IN
a	DT
need	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
law	NN
enforcement	NN
officers	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
agency	NN
and	CC
to	TO
seek	VB
improved	VBN
benefits	NNS
for	IN
current	JJ
and	CC
future	JJ
officers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Fund	NNP
receives	VBZ
voluntary	JJ
donations	NNS
but	CC
also	RB
raises	VBZ
money	NN
by	IN
selling	VBG
shirts	NNS
and	CC
caps	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
Association	NNP
logo	NN
.	.
The	DT
Association	NNP
has	VBZ
purchased	VBN
a	DT
trailer	NN
and	CC
display	NN
depicting	VBG
the	DT
work	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
which	WDT
it	PRP
makes	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
agency	NN
for	IN
use	NN
at	IN
various	JJ
public	JJ
events	NNS
.	.
Law	NNP
enforcement	NN
officers	NNS
are	VBP
assigned	VBN
to	TO
work	VB
at	IN
this	DT
display	NN
providing	VBG
information	NN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
on	IN
various	JJ
laws	NNS
enforced	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
public	JJ
safety	NN
issues	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
their	PRP$
category	NN
of	IN
law	NN
enforcement	NN
.	.
The	DT
Association	NNP
would	MD
like	VB
its	PRP$
members	NNS
to	TO
sell	VB
shirts	NNS
and	CC
caps	NNS
to	TO
raise	VB
money	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Fund	NN
while	IN
working	VBG
at	IN
this	DT
display	NN
on	IN
duty	NN
and	CC
in	IN
uniform	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
alternative	NN
,	,
the	DT
Association	NNP
proposes	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
an	DT
officer	NN
on	IN
duty	NN
but	CC
out	IN
of	IN
uniform	JJ
conducting	VBG
the	DT
sales	NNS
.	.
If	IN
that	DT
is	VBZ
prohibited	VBN
,	,
the	DT
Association	NNP
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
its	PRP$
members	NNS
conduct	VB
these	DT
sales	NNS
while	IN
off	RB
duty	NN
and	CC
out	IN
of	IN
uniform	NN
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
location	NN
where	WRB
uniformed	JJ
officers	NNS
are	VBP
on	IN
duty	NN
performing	VBG
their	PRP$
public	JJ
education	NN
duties	NNS
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Use	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
office	NN
for	IN
private	JJ
gain.	NN
,	,
provides	VBZ
in	IN
part	NN
that	IN
...	:
A	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
may	MD
not	RB
knowingly	RB
and	CC
intentionally	RB
use	VB
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
office	NN
or	CC
the	DT
prestige	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
office	NN
for	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
own	JJ
private	JJ
gain	NN
or	CC
that	IN
of	IN
another	DT
person	NN
.	.
In	IN
Advisory	NNP
Opinion	NNP
95-40	CD
,	,
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Commission	NNP
ruled	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
association	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
servants	NNS
is	VBZ
bound	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
ethical	JJ
standards	NNS
that	WDT
apply	VBP
to	TO
its	PRP$
constituent	JJ
members	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
also	RB
ruled	VBD
that	IN
an	DT
association	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
servants	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
perform	VB
an	DT
act	NN
which	WDT
its	PRP$
members	NNS
are	VBP
prohibited	VBN
from	IN
performing	VBG
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
public	JJ
servants	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
use	VB
surrogates	NNS
to	TO
perform	VB
activities	NNS
which	WDT
they	PRP
are	VBP
personally	RB
precluded	VBN
from	IN
doing	VBG
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
instance	NN
,	,
both	DT
organizations	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
individual	JJ
members	NNS
are	VBP
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
contains	VBZ
a	DT
prohibition	NN
against	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
office	NN
for	IN
private	JJ
financial	JJ
gain	NN
.	.
It	PRP
says	VBZ
that	IN
public	JJ
servants	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
use	VB
the	DT
prestige	NN
or	CC
influence	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
public	JJ
positions	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
private	JJ
financial	JJ
gain	NN
or	CC
that	IN
of	IN
their	PRP$
friends	NNS
,	,
relatives	NNS
,	,
business	NN
associates	NNS
or	CC
political	JJ
allies	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
public	JJ
servants	NNS
may	MD
use	VB
the	DT
influence	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
public	JJ
positions	NNS
for	IN
charitable	JJ
purposes	NNS
or	CC
those	DT
which	WDT
provide	VBP
significant	JJ
public	JJ
benefit	NN
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
sales	NNS
solicitations	NNS
by	IN
or	CC
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
law	NN
enforcement	NN
officers	NNS
are	VBP
an	DT
entirely	RB
appropriate	JJ
and	CC
commendable	JJ
way	NN
for	IN
those	DT
officers	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
contribution	NN
to	TO
the	DT
charitable	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
communities	NNS
.	.
Generally	RB
,	,
lending	VBG
the	DT
influence	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
positions	NNS
to	TO
sales	NNS
which	WDT
benefit	VBP
the	DT
poor	JJ
and	CC
disadvantaged	JJ
is	VBZ
the	DT
kind	NN
of	IN
conduct	NN
the	DT
public	NN
has	VBZ
come	VBN
to	TO
associate	VB
with	IN
law	NN
enforcement	NN
officers	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
officers	NNS
?	.
prestige	NN
in	IN
sales	NNS
solicitations	NNS
is	VBZ
a	DT
use	NN
of	IN
office	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
improper	JJ
for	IN
money	NN
raised	VBN
in	IN
such	JJ
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
officers	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
private	JJ
gain	NN
.	.
Funds	NNS
raised	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Association	NNP
or	CC
Fund	NNP
through	IN
activities	NNS
which	WDT
rely	VBP
heavily	RB
on	IN
the	DT
prestige	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
members	NNS
may	MD
only	RB
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
charitable	JJ
purposes	NNS
or	CC
those	DT
which	WDT
result	VBP
in	IN
significant	JJ
public	JJ
benefit	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
context	NN
of	IN
this	DT
particular	JJ
inquiry	NN
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
sales	NNS
of	IN
shirts	NNS
and	CC
caps	NNS
bearing	VBG
the	DT
Association	NNP
logo	NN
necessarily	RB
involves	VBZ
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
prestige	NN
or	CC
influence	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
public	JJ
law	NN
enforcement	NN
positions	NNS
.	.
Solicitation	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
sales	NNS
,	,
whether	IN
in	IN
or	CC
out	IN
of	IN
uniform	NN
,	,
on	IN
or	CC
off	IN
duty	NN
,	,
may	MD
result	VB
in	IN
use	NN
of	IN
office	NN
for	IN
private	JJ
gain	NN
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
sales	NNS
proceeds	NNS
are	VBP
used	VBN
exclusively	RB
for	IN
charitable	JJ
purposes	NNS
.	.
The	DT
purposes	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
donations	NNS
from	IN
private	JJ
individuals	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
depend	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
the	DT
donation	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
source	NN
.	.
Donations	NNS
of	IN
$	$
25	CD
or	CC
less	JJR
may	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Fund	NNP
for	IN
any	DT
lawful	JJ
purpose	NN
,	,
assuming	VBG
the	DT
donor	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
directed	VBN
such	JJ
gifts	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
charitable	JJ
purposes	NNS
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
should	MD
note	VB
that	IN
the	DT
Association	NNP
and	CC
Fund	NNP
must	MD
segregate	VB
the	DT
proceeds	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
fund	NN
-	:
raising	VBG
activities	NNS
,	,
if	IN
they	PRP
come	VBP
from	IN
different	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
fund-raisers	NNS
-	:
based	VBN
on	IN
whether	IN
use	NN
of	IN
office	NN
was	VBD
involved	VBN
.	.
Funds	NNS
generated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
office	NN
must	MD
be	VB
spent	VBN
only	RB
for	IN
charitable	JJ
purposes	NNS
or	CC
those	DT
with	IN
significant	JJ
public	JJ
benefit	NN
.	.
Funds	NNS
generated	VBD
without	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
office	NN
may	MD
be	VB
spent	VBN
on	IN
any	DT
lawful	JJ
purpose	NN
.	.
First	RB
,	,
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
authority	NN
and	CC
the	DT
duties	NNS
they	PRP
perform	VBP
,	,
law	NN
enforcement	NN
officials	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
particularly	RB
careful	JJ
in	IN
avoiding	VBG
any	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
offering	VBG
special	JJ
treatment	NN
in	IN
exchange	NN
for	IN
purchases	NNS
or	CC
donations	NNS
.	.
Second	NNP
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
agency	NN
which	WDT
employs	VBZ
these	DT
officers	NNS
is	VBZ
free	JJ
to	TO
adopt	VB
rules	NNS
and	CC
policies	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
more	RBR
restrictive	JJ
than	IN
the	DT
limitations	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
Nothing	NN
in	IN
this	DT
Advisory	NNP
Opinion	NNP
should	MD
be	VB
construed	VBN
as	IN
directing	VBG
the	DT
agency	NN
to	TO
permit	VB
its	PRP$
officers	NNS
to	TO
conduct	VB
charitable	JJ
solicitations	NNS
or	CC
sales	NNS
for	IN
charitable	JJ
purposes	NNS
while	IN
on	IN
duty	NN
and	CC
in	IN
uniform	NN
.	.
The	DT
corporation	NN
uses	VBZ
public	JJ
education	NN
campaigns	NNS
and	CC
political	JJ
lobbying	NN
to	TO
protect	VB
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
choose	VB
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
Roe	NNP
v.	CC
Wade	NNP
,	,
ensure	VB
and	CC
increase	VB
accessibility	NN
to	TO
birth	NN
control	NN
and	CC
pre-natal	JJ
care	NN
,	,
and	CC
improve	VB
education	NN
on	IN
reproductive	JJ
choices	NNS
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
step	NN
in	IN
deciding	VBG
whether	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
servant	NN
may	MD
accept	VB
the	DT
offer	NN
of	IN
a	DT
gift	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
it	PRP
comes	VBZ
from	IN
an	DT
interested	JJ
person	NN
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
places	VBZ
no	DT
restrictions	NNS
on	IN
accepting	VBG
gifts	NNS
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
gift	NN
comes	VBZ
from	IN
an	DT
interested	JJ
person	NN
.	.
A	DT
gift	NN
which	WDT
does	VBZ
not	RB
come	VB
,	,
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
,	,
from	IN
an	DT
interested	JJ
person	NN
may	MD
be	VB
accepted	VBN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
a	DT
gift	NN
from	IN
an	DT
interested	JJ
person	NN
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
accepted	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
servant	NN
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
gift	NN
fits	VBZ
into	IN
one	CD
of	IN
several	JJ
specific	JJ
exemptions	NNS
provided	VBN
for	IN
by	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Employee	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
invited	VBN
to	TO
join	VB
a	DT
group	NN
traveling	VBG
to	TO
China	NNP
under	IN
the	DT
auspices	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
sector	NN
,	,
nonpolitical	JJ
organization	NN
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
fostering	VBG
international	JJ
understanding	NN
.	.
The	DT
trip	NN
will	MD
take	VB
ten	CD
days	NNS
and	CC
will	MD
focus	VB
on	IN
electronic	JJ
commerce	NN
.	.
Delegation	NN
members	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
pay	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
travel	NN
expenses	NNS
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Gifts	NNS
.	.
--	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
A	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
may	MD
not	RB
solicit	VB
any	DT
gift	NN
unless	IN
the	DT
solicitation	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
a	DT
charitable	JJ
purpose	NN
with	IN
no	DT
resulting	VBG
direct	JJ
pecuniary	JJ
benefit	NN
conferred	VBD
upon	IN
the	DT
official	NN
or	CC
employee	NN
or	CC
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
immediate	JJ
family	NN
...	:
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
soliciting	VBG
a	DT
gift	NN
,	,
unless	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
for	IN
a	DT
charitable	JJ
purpose	NN
.	.
The	DT
China	NNP
trip	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
charitable	JJ
purpose	NN
and	CC
the	DT
Employee	NNP
may	MD
not	RB
solicit	VB
financial	JJ
support	NN
for	IN
the	DT
project	NN
from	IN
public	JJ
or	CC
private	JJ
sources	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Agency	NNP
to	TO
secure	VB
,	,
or	CC
its	PRP$
members	NNS
to	TO
accept	VB
,	,
discounts	NNS
on	IN
health	NN
related	VBN
services	NNS
and	CC
products	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
workplace	NN
preventive	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
Agency	NNP
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
solicit	VB
financial	JJ
support	NN
for	IN
the	DT
project	NN
from	IN
vendors	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
interested	JJ
persons	NNS
,	,
or	CC
may	MD
apply	VB
for	IN
grants	NNS
from	IN
established	VBN
grant	NN
programs	NNS
underwritten	VBN
by	IN
interested	JJ
persons	NNS
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
consideration	NN
must	MD
be	VB
whether	IN
the	DT
trip	NN
will	MD
significantly	RB
enhance	VB
the	DT
traveler	NN
's	POS
occupational	JJ
skill	NN
or	CC
knowledge	NN
or	CC
provide	VB
important	JJ
information	NN
needed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
its	PRP$
official	JJ
mandate	NN
.	.
Public	NNP
employees	NNS
and	CC
officials	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
been	VBN
offered	VBN
trips	NNS
should	MD
consult	VB
with	IN
their	PRP$
supervisor	NN
or	CC
agency	NN
head	NN
for	IN
guidance	NN
in	IN
making	VBG
this	DT
judgment	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
trip	NN
was	VBD
conceived	VBN
and	CC
scheduled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
and	CC
independent	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
offer	NN
of	IN
payment	NN
from	IN
a	DT
third	JJ
party	NN
,	,
then	RB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
likely	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
trip	NN
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
agency	NN
's	POS
official	JJ
activities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
skill	NN
,	,
knowledge	NN
or	CC
information	NN
to	TO
be	VB
gained	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
trip	NN
should	MD
meet	VB
a	DT
clear	JJ
immediate	JJ
need	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
.	.
The	DT
information	NN
should	MD
be	VB
of	IN
immediate	JJ
value	NN
to	TO
current	JJ
or	CC
planned	JJ
activities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
rather	RB
than	IN
theoretically	RB
valuable	JJ
to	TO
activities	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
neither	DT
current	JJ
nor	CC
planned	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
foreseeable	JJ
future	NN
.	.
A	DT
trip	NN
is	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
traveler	NN
who	WP
needs	VBZ
and	CC
will	MD
use	VB
the	DT
information	NN
or	CC
job	NN
skill	NN
enhancement	NN
or	CC
who	WP
is	VBZ
the	DT
agency	NN
employee	NN
most	RBS
suitable	JJ
to	TO
acquire	VB
and	CC
transfer	VB
the	DT
information	NN
or	CC
skill	NN
to	TO
other	JJ
appropriate	JJ
agency	NN
personnel	NNS
.	.
Central	NNP
to	TO
this	DT
inquiry	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
consideration	NN
of	IN
whether	IN
the	DT
trip	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
means	NNS
of	IN
meeting	VBG
the	DT
agency	NN
's	POS
needs	NNS
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
reasonable	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
to	TO
send	VB
its	PRP$
personnel	NNS
to	TO
an	DT
out	IN
of	IN
state	NN
resort	NN
to	TO
obtain	VB
information	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
readily	RB
available	JJ
locally	RB
.	.
This	DT
consideration	NN
also	RB
applies	VBZ
to	TO
part-time	JJ
officials	NNS
and	CC
employees	NNS
who	WP
might	MD
travel	VB
outside	JJ
official	NN
work	NN
hours	NNS
.	.
If	IN
they	PRP
accept	VBP
inappropriate	JJ
free	JJ
trips	NNS
offered	VBD
because	IN
of	IN
their	PRP$
public	JJ
positions	NNS
they	PRP
may	MD
violate	VB
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
's	POS
prohibition	NN
against	IN
using	VBG
the	DT
prestige	NN
of	IN
office	NN
for	IN
private	JJ
gain	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
incidental	JJ
personal	JJ
benefit	NN
to	TO
the	DT
traveler	NN
outweighs	VBZ
the	DT
benefit	NN
to	TO
the	DT
agency	NN
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
trip	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
reality	NN
a	DT
gift	NN
to	TO
the	DT
traveler	NN
and	CC
not	RB
the	DT
agency	NN
.	.
In	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
case	NN
the	DT
trip	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
accepted	VBN
because	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
gift	NN
to	TO
the	DT
individual	NN
of	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
nominal	JJ
value	NN
.	.
A	DT
safe	JJ
rule	NN
would	MD
be	VB
to	TO
limit	VB
acceptance	NN
to	TO
only	RB
expenses	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
itself	PRP
would	MD
accept	VB
for	IN
reimbursement	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
reasonable	JJ
food	NN
,	,
travel	NN
,	,
lodging	NN
,	,
and	CC
attendance	NN
fees	NNS
.	.
First	JJ
class	NN
airfares	VBZ
,	,
deluxe	JJ
accommodations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
perks	NNS
not	RB
associated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
basic	JJ
travel	NN
,	,
meals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
lodging	VBG
required	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
trip	NN
would	MD
increase	VB
the	DT
incidental	JJ
benefit	NN
to	TO
the	DT
traveler	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
reached	VBD
the	DT
same	JJ
result	NN
in	IN
Advisory	NNP
Opinion	NNP
2001-04	CD
,	,
an	DT
opinion	NN
decided	VBD
today	NN
,	,
which	WDT
told	VBD
a	DT
County	NNP
Commissioner	NNP
that	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
and	CC
its	PRP$
subordinate	JJ
agencies	NNS
could	MD
not	RB
use	VB
public	JJ
funds	NNS
to	TO
pay	VB
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
commemorative	JJ
parties	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
cocktails	NNS
and	CC
formal	JJ
dinners	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
clear	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
Legislative	NNP
mandate	NN
that	WDT
service	NN
on	IN
an	DT
Institutional	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Advisers	NNP
will	MD
require	VB
considerable	JJ
personal	JJ
sacrifice	NN
.	.
In	IN
spite	NN
of	IN
this	DT
demanding	VBG
commitment	NN
,	,
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
specifically	RB
provided	VBD
that	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
were	VBD
to	TO
serve	VB
without	IN
compensation	NN
,	,
allowing	VBG
them	PRP
only	RB
reimbursement	NN
for	IN
reasonable	JJ
expenses	NNS
incurred	VBN
in	IN
carrying	VBG
out	RP
their	PRP$
Board	NNP
duties	NNS
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
has	VBZ
received	VBN
funding	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
which	WDT
will	MD
cover	VB
two-thirds	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
renovating	VBG
a	DT
state	NN
museum	NN
.	.
The	DT
museum	NN
was	VBD
established	VBN
to	TO
collect	VB
,	,
document	NN
,	,
present	JJ
,	,
preserve	VB
,	,
and	CC
promote	VB
the	DT
State	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
in	IN
every	DT
aspect	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
archaeology	NN
,	,
art	NN
,	,
culture	NN
,	,
geology	NN
,	,
history	NN
,	,
paleontology	NN
,	,
and	CC
socio-economic	JJ
background	NN
representing	VBG
the	DT
industries	NNS
,	,
land	NN
and	CC
people	NNS
.	.
The	DT
museum	NN
exhibits	VBZ
will	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
without	IN
charge	NN
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
proposes	VBZ
to	TO
employ	VB
an	DT
individual	JJ
whose	WP$
duties	NNS
will	MD
include	VB
working	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
Museum	NNP
Foundation	NNP
,	,
a	DT
private	JJ
non-profit	JJ
corporation	NN
,	,
to	TO
raise	VB
funds	NNS
to	TO
complete	VB
a	DT
major	JJ
renovation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
museum	NN
.	.
Association	NNP
is	VBZ
planning	VBG
a	DT
conference	NN
to	TO
celebrate	VB
its	PRP$
25th	JJ
anniversary	NN
.	.
The	DT
Association	NNP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
held	VBN
annual	JJ
conferences	NNS
at	IN
which	WDT
vendors	NNS
set	VBP
up	RP
displays	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
information	NN
to	TO
Association	NNP
members	NNS
concerning	VBG
available	JJ
products	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
determined	VBN
that	IN
associations	NNS
primarily	RB
comprised	VBD
of	IN
public	JJ
servants	NNS
must	MD
adhere	VB
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
standards	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
as	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
servants	NNS
themselves	PRP
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
soliciting	VBG
gifts	NNS
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
solicitation	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
charitable	JJ
purpose	NN
from	IN
which	WDT
neither	CC
the	DT
solicitor	NN
nor	CC
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
immediate	JJ
family	NN
members	NNS
benefit	VBP
directly	RB
.	.
The	DT
Agency	NNP
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
advancing	VBG
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
in	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
government	NN
and	CC
in	IN
the	DT
delivery	NN
of	IN
government	NN
services	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
authorized	VBN
to	TO
convene	VB
conferences	NNS
which	WDT
will	MD
encourage	VB
utilization	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
and	CC
it	PRP
plans	VBZ
a	DT
two	CD
day	NN
conference	NN
which	WDT
revolves	VBZ
around	IN
an	DT
exposition	NN
or	CC
trade	NN
show	NN
affording	VBG
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
products	NNS
of	IN
over	IN
one	CD
hundred	CD
vendors	NNS
.	.
A	DT
similar	JJ
conference	NN
held	VBN
last	JJ
year	NN
attracted	VBD
an	DT
audience	NN
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
800	CD
drawn	VBN
from	IN
government	NN
agencies	NNS
,	,
the	DT
education	NN
system	NN
,	,
private	JJ
business	NN
community	NN
and	CC
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
That	DT
conference	NN
was	VBD
paid	VBN
for	IN
with	IN
vendor	NN
registration	NN
fees	NNS
,	,
registration	NN
fees	NNS
from	IN
those	DT
attending	VBG
and	CC
Agency	NNP
operational	JJ
funds	NNS
.	.
Budget	NNP
constraints	NNS
have	VBP
reduced	VBN
funds	NNS
available	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
Agency	NNP
and	CC
it	PRP
wants	VBZ
to	TO
increase	VB
private	JJ
financial	JJ
support	NN
from	IN
the	DT
vendors	NNS
involved	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
expo	NN
.	.
The	DT
Agency	NNP
proposes	VBZ
that	IN
vendor	NN
registration	NN
fees	NNS
be	VB
established	VBN
at	IN
several	JJ
increasingly	RB
more	RBR
costly	JJ
levels	NNS
commensurate	JJ
with	IN
increasing	VBG
levels	NNS
of	IN
service	NN
and	CC
presence	NN
at	IN
the	DT
conference	NN
.	.
The	DT
basic	JJ
registration	NN
fee	NN
would	MD
provide	VB
a	DT
display	NN
area	NN
for	IN
products	NNS
and	CC
promotional	JJ
materials	NNS
and	CC
minimal	JJ
advertising	NN
space	NN
in	IN
conference	NN
literature	NN
and	CC
materials	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
successively	RB
higher	JJR
level	NN
would	MD
provide	VB
more	JJR
space	NN
,	,
additional	JJ
benefits	NNS
and	CC
increased	VBD
advertising	NN
prominence	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
a	DT
sales	NNS
solicitation	NN
which	WDT
offers	VBZ
value	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
solicitation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
gift	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
dealt	VBD
with	IN
that	DT
issue	NN
in	IN
AO	NNP
95-18	CD
when	WRB
another	DT
State	NN
agency	NN
asked	VBD
whether	IN
its	PRP$
personnel	NNS
could	MD
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
solicit	VB
private	JJ
entities	NNS
to	TO
co-sponsor	NN
social	JJ
events	NNS
or	CC
donate	VB
gifts	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
regional	JJ
conference	NN
of	IN
governmental	JJ
agencies	NNS
or	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
solicit	VB
advertising	NN
space	NN
or	CC
exhibit	NN
space	NN
at	IN
the	DT
conference	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
participation	NN
in	IN
what	WP
is	VBZ
essentially	RB
a	DT
trade	NN
show	NN
affords	VBZ
private	JJ
sector	NN
vendors	NNS
a	DT
genuine	JJ
opportunity	NN
to	TO
market	VB
their	PRP$
products	NNS
.	.
The	DT
sale	NN
of	IN
graduated	VBN
registrations	NNS
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
solicitation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
gift	NN
,	,
but	CC
a	DT
straight	JJ
forward	JJ
sale	NN
of	IN
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
sales	NNS
promotion	NN
of	IN
private	JJ
sector	NN
products	NNS
and	CC
participating	VBG
vendors	NNS
receive	VBP
value	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
fees	NNS
.	.
An	DT
Association	NNP
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
river	NN
system	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
area	NN
reclassified	VBD
to	TO
a	DT
less	RBR
restrictive	JJ
water	NN
quality	NN
level	NN
in	IN
the	DT
belief	NN
that	IN
this	DT
will	MD
enhance	VB
economic	JJ
development	NN
.	.
The	DT
Association	NNP
submitted	VBD
a	DT
complete	JJ
and	CC
appropriately	RB
documented	VBD
application	NN
for	IN
a	DT
review	NN
and	CC
reclassification	NN
of	IN
the	DT
river	NN
system	NN
and	CC
made	VBD
an	DT
oral	JJ
presentation	NN
before	IN
the	DT
Regulatory	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
An	DT
agency	NN
of	IN
State	NNP
government	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
established	VBN
to	TO
initiate	VB
and	CC
help	VB
present	JJ
year	NN
2000	CD
activities	NNS
,	,
events	NNS
and	CC
gatherings	NNS
which	WDT
will	MD
promote	VB
and	CC
create	VB
a	DT
positive	JJ
image	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NN
,	,
its	PRP$
people	NNS
and	CC
its	PRP$
business	NN
prospects	NNS
.	.
Some	DT
activities	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
exclusive	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
celebration	NN
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
majority	NN
will	MD
be	VB
associated	VBN
with	IN
existing	VBG
fairs	NNS
,	,
festivals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
celebrations	NNS
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
State	NN
is	VBZ
providing	VBG
substantial	JJ
public	JJ
funding	NN
for	IN
the	DT
project	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
expected	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
private	JJ
sector	NN
will	MD
supply	VB
significant	JJ
support	NN
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
The	DT
private	JJ
sector	NN
volunteers	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
soliciting	VBG
financial	JJ
support	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
,	,
for	IN
profit	NN
,	,
fund	NN
raiser	NN
.	.
The	DT
Governor	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Senate	NNP
President	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Speaker	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
House	NNP
are	VBP
honorary	JJ
co-chairs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
project	NN
and	CC
each	DT
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
encourage	VB
private	JJ
sector	NN
support	NN
of	IN
the	DT
project	NN
.	.
Recognizing	VBG
that	IN
they	PRP
,	,
as	IN
public	JJ
servants	NNS
,	,
may	MD
not	RB
solicit	VB
financial	JJ
support	NN
,	,
they	PRP
never	RB
the	DT
less	JJR
ask	VB
whether	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
send	VB
a	DT
letter	NN
to	TO
private	JJ
companies	NNS
and	CC
individuals	NNS
to	TO
facilitate	VB
the	DT
solicitations	NNS
being	VBG
made	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
private	JJ
volunteers	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
paid	VBN
fund	NN
raiser	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
is	VBZ
employed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
State	NNP
University	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
a	DT
voting	VBG
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
municipality	NN
where	WRB
his	PRP$
employer	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
and	CC
has	VBZ
been	VBN
elected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
Mayor	NNP
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
asked	VBN
to	TO
authorize	VB
a	DT
tax-free	JJ
bond	NN
to	TO
finance	VB
an	DT
apartment	NN
building	NN
which	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
built	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
non-profit	JJ
corporation	NN
.	.
The	DT
non-profit	JJ
corporation	NN
plans	NNS
to	TO
lease	VB
these	DT
apartments	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
and	CC
faculty	NN
from	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
University	NNP
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
any	DT
profits	NNS
generated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
building	NN
will	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
University	NNP
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
when	WRB
the	DT
bonds	NNS
which	WDT
financed	VBN
construction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
building	NN
are	VBP
fully	RB
paid	VBN
off	RP
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
University	NNP
may	MD
purchase	VB
the	DT
building	NN
for	IN
$	$
1	CD
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
promotes	VBZ
growth	NN
,	,
attraction	NN
and	CC
retention	NN
of	IN
private	JJ
businesses	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
statewide	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
One	CD
division	NN
within	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
is	VBZ
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
facilitating	VBG
small	JJ
business	NN
development	NN
.	.
As	IN
part	NN
of	IN
this	DT
effort	NN
,	,
the	DT
agency	NN
provides	VBZ
various	JJ
specialized	VBN
training	NN
courses	NNS
to	TO
business	NN
people	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
The	DT
agency	NN
charges	VBZ
fees	NNS
for	IN
these	DT
classes	NNS
.	.
In	IN
Advisory	NNP
Opinions	NNS
95-05	CD
and	CC
95-28	CD
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
authorized	VBD
a	DT
public	JJ
servant	NN
or	CC
agency	NN
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
arrangements	NNS
that	WDT
provided	VBD
certain	JJ
benefits	NNS
to	TO
private	JJ
businesses	NNS
.	.
In	IN
each	DT
case	NN
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
concluded	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
agreements	NNS
involved	VBD
an	DT
overriding	JJ
public	JJ
benefit	NN
sufficient	JJ
to	TO
legitimize	VB
any	DT
resulting	VBG
private	JJ
gain	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
even	RB
where	WRB
some	DT
element	NN
of	IN
private	JJ
gain	NN
is	VBZ
involved	VBN
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
has	VBZ
discretion	NN
to	TO
conclude	VB
that	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
benefit	NN
outweighs	NNS
any	DT
potential	NN
for	IN
improper	JJ
private	JJ
gain	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
further	JJ
finds	VBZ
that	IN
decisions	NNS
on	IN
whether	IN
an	DT
overriding	VBG
public	JJ
benefit	NN
exists	VBZ
in	IN
situations	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
this	DT
must	MD
be	VB
decided	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
case-by-case	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
this	DT
opinion	NN
is	VBZ
limited	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
particular	JJ
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
presented	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
requester	NN
,	,
and	CC
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
relied	VBN
upon	IN
as	IN
a	DT
precedent	NN
by	IN
other	JJ
persons	NNS
.	.
A	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
Member	NNP
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
the	DT
presiding	VBG
officer	NN
of	IN
a	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
may	MD
require	VB
him	PRP
to	TO
vote	VB
when	WRB
he	PRP
has	VBZ
moved	VBN
to	TO
abstain	VB
from	IN
voting	VBG
on	IN
matters	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
good	JJ
faith	NN
basis	NN
to	TO
believe	VB
that	IN
in	IN
casting	VBG
a	DT
vote	NN
he	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
violating	VBG
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
Member	NNP
further	JJ
inquires	NNS
whether	IN
he	PRP
has	VBZ
immunity	NN
from	IN
an	DT
administrative	JJ
enforcement	NN
action	NN
under	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
if	IN
he	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
directed	VBN
to	TO
vote	VB
by	IN
the	DT
presiding	VBG
officer	NN
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
has	VBZ
implemented	VBN
rules	NNS
which	WDT
govern	VBP
parliamentary	JJ
procedure	NN
for	IN
meetings	NNS
.	.
An	DT
elected	VBN
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
may	MD
move	VB
to	TO
abstain	VB
from	IN
voting	VBG
on	IN
matters	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
personal	JJ
pecuniary	JJ
interest	NN
.	.
Pursuant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
procedural	JJ
rules	NNS
adopted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
,	,
the	DT
presiding	VBG
officer	NN
rules	NNS
on	IN
whether	IN
to	TO
grant	VB
or	CC
deny	VB
a	DT
motion	NN
to	TO
abstain	VB
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
interprets	VBZ
its	PRP$
rules	NNS
to	TO
require	VB
the	DT
member	NN
to	TO
vote	VB
if	IN
the	DT
presiding	VBG
officer	NN
so	RB
directs	VBZ
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
further	JJ
interprets	VBZ
its	PRP$
rules	NNS
as	IN
requiring	VBG
the	DT
vote	NN
to	TO
be	VB
cast	VBN
even	RB
if	IN
the	DT
elected	VBN
City	NNP
Council	NNP
Member	NNP
believes	VBZ
that	IN
in	IN
so	RB
casting	VBG
the	DT
vote	NN
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
violating	VBG
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
a	DT
public	JJ
servant	NN
from	IN
using	VBG
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
office	NN
for	IN
private	JJ
gain	NN
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
further	JJ
prohibits	VBZ
,	,
with	IN
limited	JJ
exceptions	NNS
,	,
a	DT
public	JJ
servant	NN
from	IN
having	VBG
an	DT
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
profits	NNS
or	CC
benefits	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
contract	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
of	IN
this	DT
opinion	NN
also	RB
inquires	VBZ
whether	IN
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
has	VBZ
immunity	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
when	WRB
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
has	VBZ
requested	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
excused	VBN
from	IN
voting	NN
,	,
but	CC
proceeds	NNS
to	TO
vote	VB
at	IN
the	DT
direction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
presiding	VBG
officer	NN
.	.
In	IN
these	DT
circumstances	NNS
,	,
although	IN
the	DT
elected	VBN
official	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
directed	VBN
to	TO
vote	VB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
opinion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
that	IN
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
immune	JJ
from	IN
an	DT
administrative	JJ
enforcement	NN
action	NN
under	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
From	IN
a	DT
common	JJ
sense	NN
standpoint	NN
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
where	WRB
a	DT
member	NN
makes	VBZ
a	DT
good	JJ
faith	NN
effort	NN
to	TO
recuse	VB
themselves	PRP
from	IN
voting	NN
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
then	RB
required	VBN
to	TO
vote	VB
,	,
these	DT
facts	NNS
may	MD
constitute	VB
a	DT
defense	NN
to	TO
an	DT
Ethics	NNP
complaint	NN
.	.
Still	RB
,	,
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
instances	NNS
when	WRB
the	DT
casting	NN
of	IN
a	DT
vote	NN
arises	VBZ
to	TO
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
Any	DT
conflict	NN
between	IN
local	JJ
rules	NNS
or	CC
ordinances	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
may	MD
be	VB
cured	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
being	VBG
permitted	VBN
to	TO
excuse	VB
himself	PRP
from	IN
voting	VBG
when	WRB
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
good	JJ
faith	NN
basis	NN
to	TO
believe	VB
that	IN
by	IN
casting	VBG
the	DT
vote	NN
,	,
he	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
violating	VBG
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
Division	NNP
Director	NNP
in	IN
a	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
which	WDT
regulates	VBZ
motor	NN
vehicles	NNS
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
has	VBZ
purchased	VBN
a	DT
vehicle	NN
from	IN
a	DT
local	JJ
automobile	NN
dealer	NN
.	.
The	DT
dealer	NN
has	VBZ
asked	VBN
if	IN
the	DT
requester	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
a	DT
testimonial	NN
concerning	VBG
the	DT
quality	NN
of	IN
the	DT
vehicle	NN
.	.
The	DT
testimonial	NN
would	MD
be	VB
in	IN
the	DT
form	NN
of	IN
an	DT
audio-taped	JJ
message	NN
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
radio	NN
advertisement	NN
.	.
A	DT
photograph	NN
of	IN
the	DT
requester	NN
may	MD
also	RB
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
print	NN
advertisement	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
compensated	VBN
for	IN
providing	VBG
the	DT
testimonial	JJ
nor	CC
would	MD
he	PRP
use	VB
his	PRP$
title	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
,	,
through	IN
his	PRP$
position	NN
as	IN
a	DT
division	NN
director	NN
,	,
has	VBZ
significant	JJ
responsibilities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
directly	RB
regulate	VB
automobile	NN
dealers	NNS
but	CC
is	VBZ
a	DT
high	JJ
ranking	JJ
official	NN
within	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
.	.
Director	NNP
in	IN
his	PRP$
personal	JJ
capacity	NN
amounts	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
endorsement	NN
of	IN
a	DT
product	NN
by	IN
a	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
requester	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
intend	VB
to	TO
use	VB
his	PRP$
title	NN
,	,
he	PRP
has	VBZ
significant	JJ
management	NN
responsibilities	NNS
within	IN
a	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
which	WDT
regulates	VBZ
motor	NN
vehicles	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
although	IN
his	PRP$
title	NN
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
used	VBN
,	,
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
prestige	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
position	NN
,	,
providing	VBG
the	DT
testimonial	NN
would	MD
be	VB
construed	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
endorsement	NN
of	IN
a	DT
product	NN
by	IN
a	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
.	.
Since	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
course	NN
of	IN
action	NN
constitutes	VBZ
the	DT
endorsement	NN
of	IN
a	DT
product	NN
by	IN
a	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
of	IN
a	DT
commercial	JJ
product	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
only	RB
permissible	JJ
if	IN
it	PRP
results	VBZ
in	IN
an	DT
overriding	VBG
public	JJ
benefit	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
endorsement	NN
of	IN
a	DT
motor	NN
vehicle	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
provide	VB
an	DT
overriding	JJ
benefit	NN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
benefit	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
automobile	NN
dealer	NN
who	WP
would	MD
generate	VB
goodwill	NN
through	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
testimonial	NN
of	IN
a	DT
respected	JJ
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
community	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
requester	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
private	JJ
citizen	NN
,	,
that	WDT
would	MD
be	VB
acceptable	JJ
.	.
However	RB
,	,
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
prestige	NN
and	CC
responsibilities	NNS
of	IN
his	PRP$
position	NN
,	,
he	PRP
should	MD
not	RB
allow	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
name	NN
or	CC
image	NN
for	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
advertisements	NNS
.	.
A	DT
City	NNP
is	VBZ
upgrading	VBG
its	PRP$
water	NN
treatment	NN
plant	NN
and	CC
distribution	NN
system	NN
.	.
As	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
upgrade	NN
,	,
an	DT
existing	VBG
water	NN
storage	NN
tank	NN
will	MD
undergo	VB
extensive	JJ
restoration	NN
.	.
Heavy	NNP
machinery	NN
must	MD
be	VB
transported	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
site	NN
for	IN
the	DT
restoration	NN
project	NN
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
has	VBZ
determined	VBN
through	IN
engineering	NN
studies	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
effective	JJ
route	NN
of	IN
ingress	NN
and	CC
egress	NN
to	TO
the	DT
water	NN
storage	NN
tank	NN
is	VBZ
over	IN
a	DT
parcel	NN
of	IN
property	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
owned	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
elected	VBN
City	NNP
Council	NNP
Member	NNP
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
Member	NNP
owns	VBZ
two	CD
parcels	NNS
of	IN
property	NN
.	.
The	DT
parcels	NNS
are	VBP
separated	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
portion	NN
of	IN
property	NN
owned	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
.	.
The	DT
strip	NN
of	IN
land	NN
owned	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
is	VBZ
approximately	RB
one	CD
hundred	CD
fifty	CD
feet	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
150	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
length	NN
and	CC
twenty	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
20	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
feet	NNS
in	IN
width	NN
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
strip	NN
owned	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
potential	JJ
route	NN
of	IN
ingress	NN
to	TO
the	DT
water	NN
storage	NN
tank	NN
,	,
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
steep	JJ
grade	NN
and	CC
rocky	JJ
terrain	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
conducive	JJ
to	TO
being	VBG
used	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
roadway	NN
.	.
The	DT
construction	NN
of	IN
a	DT
road	NN
over	IN
this	DT
land	NN
would	MD
result	VB
in	IN
significant	JJ
costs	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
City	NNP
.	.
Over	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
,	,
to	TO
gain	VB
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
water	NN
storage	NN
tank	NN
,	,
the	DT
public	JJ
work	NN
crews	NNS
have	VBP
used	VBN
a	DT
route	NN
of	IN
travel	NN
which	WDT
passes	VBZ
over	IN
the	DT
property	NN
owned	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
Member	NNP
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
Member	NNP
has	VBZ
permitted	VBN
the	DT
City	NN
to	TO
utilize	VB
this	DT
route	NN
without	IN
charge	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
City	NNP
acquires	VBZ
this	DT
property	NN
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
route	NN
will	MD
be	VB
further	JJ
improved	VBN
to	TO
support	VB
the	DT
transportation	NN
of	IN
heavy	JJ
construction	NN
equipment	NN
.	.
The	DT
City	NNP
wants	VBZ
to	TO
legally	RB
acquire	VB
the	DT
property	NN
before	IN
expending	VBG
public	JJ
monies	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
improvements	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
being	VBG
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
or	CC
having	VBG
a	DT
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
contract	NN
which	WDT
they	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
power	NN
to	TO
award	NN
or	CC
control	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Commission	NNP
has	VBZ
the	DT
power	NN
to	TO
grant	VB
a	DT
municipality	NN
an	DT
exemption	NN
from	IN
this	DT
prohibition	NN
where	WRB
it	PRP
appears	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
prohibition	NN
would	MD
result	VB
in	IN
excessive	JJ
cost	NN
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
body	NN
or	CC
undue	JJ
hardship	NN
.	.
The	DT
employees	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
have	VBP
formed	VBN
an	DT
employee	NN
association	NN
.	.
The	DT
association	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
booster	NN
account	NN
.	.
The	DT
proceeds	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
booster	NN
account	NN
are	VBP
used	VBN
for	IN
employee	NN
picnics	NNS
,	,
parties	NNS
,	,
scholarships	NNS
and	CC
donations	NNS
to	TO
employees	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
exhausted	VBN
their	PRP$
sick	JJ
leave	NN
.	.
Proceeds	NNS
from	IN
vending	VBG
machines	NNS
fund	VB
the	DT
booster	NN
account	NN
.	.
The	DT
machines	NNS
are	VBP
located	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
area	NN
of	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
building	NN
which	WDT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
designated	VBN
for	IN
employee	NN
use	NN
.	.
Due	JJ
to	TO
security	NN
concerns	NNS
,	,
the	DT
public	NN
has	VBZ
limited	VBN
access	NN
to	TO
both	DT
the	DT
facility	NN
and	CC
area	NN
in	IN
question	NN
.	.
The	DT
employee	NN
association	NN
arranges	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
machines	NNS
and	CC
receives	VBZ
any	DT
profits	NNS
derived	VBN
from	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
location	NN
of	IN
the	DT
machines	NNS
,	,
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
profits	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
vending	VBG
machines	NNS
result	VBP
from	IN
purchases	NNS
made	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
employees	NNS
,	,
not	RB
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
public	NN
.	.
The	DT
vending	VBG
machines	NNS
are	VBP
located	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
area	NN
of	IN
the	DT
facility	NN
designated	VBN
for	IN
employee	NN
use	NN
.	.
Revenues	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
machine	NN
are	VBP
generated	VBN
largely	RB
from	IN
voluntary	JJ
purchases	NNS
made	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
employees	NNS
.	.
As	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
public	NN
have	VBP
restricted	VBN
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
facility	NN
,	,
likewise	RB
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
purchases	NNS
they	PRP
make	VBP
are	VBP
de	IN
minimis	NNS
.	.
Based	VBN
upon	IN
these	DT
facts	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
association	NN
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
discretion	NN
of	IN
management	NN
,	,
to	TO
operate	VB
the	DT
machines	NNS
and	CC
retain	VB
the	DT
profits	NNS
;	:
provided	VBN
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
association	NN
reimburses	VBZ
the	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
for	IN
any	DT
expenses	NNS
incurred	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Agency	NNP
through	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
machines	NNS
.	.
The	DT
vending	VBG
machines	NNS
require	VBP
electricity	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
operation	NN
.	.
Public	NNP
monies	NNS
are	VBP
used	VBN
to	TO
pay	VB
for	IN
the	DT
electricity	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
the	DT
employee	NN
association	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
reimburse	VB
the	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
for	IN
this	DT
expense	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
notes	VBZ
that	IN
this	DT
opinion	NN
is	VBZ
limited	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
specific	JJ
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
particular	JJ
case	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
decision	NN
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
relied	VBN
upon	IN
by	IN
others	NNS
without	IN
having	VBG
first	JJ
consulted	VBN
with	IN
and	CC
received	VBD
written	VBN
confirmation	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Commission	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
further	JJ
notes	NNS
that	WDT
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
18-10G-1	NNP
et	FW
.	.
seq	NN
.	.
governs	VBZ
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
food	NN
service	NN
in	IN
public	JJ
buildings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
must	MD
independently	RB
determine	VB
whether	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
vending	VBG
machines	NNS
complies	NNS
with	IN
that	DT
code	NN
provision	NN
as	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
is	VBZ
without	IN
authority	NN
to	TO
interpret	VB
this	DT
particular	JJ
statute	NN
.	.
The	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
is	VBZ
building	VBG
a	DT
new	JJ
high	JJ
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
new	JJ
high	JJ
school	NN
will	MD
contain	VB
a	DT
state-of-the-art	JJ
printing	NN
facility	NN
.	.
The	DT
facility	NN
will	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
instruction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
printing	NN
trade	NN
and	CC
will	MD
also	RB
provide	VB
printing	NN
services	NNS
to	TO
schools	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
The	DT
facility	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
funded	VBN
in	IN
part	NN
via	IN
grant	NN
from	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Economic	NNP
Development	NNP
Authority	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
believed	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
teaching	NN
of	IN
the	DT
printing	NN
trade	NN
will	MD
help	VB
bolster	VB
economic	JJ
growth	NN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
by	IN
establishing	VBG
a	DT
trained	VBN
labor	NN
force	NN
for	IN
this	DT
growing	VBG
industry	NN
.	.
In	IN
evaluating	VBG
which	WDT
operating	VBG
system	NN
to	TO
acquire	VB
,	,
the	DT
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
has	VBZ
made	VBN
the	DT
preliminary	JJ
determination	NN
that	WDT
technology	NN
developed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
German	JJ
a	DT
company	NN
would	MD
best	RB
serve	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
German	JJ
company	NN
holds	VBZ
a	DT
patent	NN
for	IN
the	DT
process	NN
which	WDT
it	PRP
has	VBZ
developed	VBN
.	.
At	IN
present	JJ
,	,
no	DT
other	JJ
company	NN
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
has	VBZ
this	DT
technology	NN
,	,
nor	CC
is	VBZ
this	DT
system	NN
operating	NN
in	IN
the	DT
states	NNS
.	.
The	DT
German	JJ
Company	NN
is	VBZ
holding	VBG
an	DT
open	JJ
house	NN
in	IN
Germany	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
offered	VBN
to	TO
pay	VB
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
attending	VBG
the	DT
open	JJ
house	NN
for	IN
the	DT
School	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
the	DT
President	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
the	DT
County	NNP
Supervisor	NNP
of	IN
Vocational	NNP
Education	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Director	NNP
of	IN
Operations	NNP
.	.
The	DT
open	JJ
house	NN
is	VBZ
more	RBR
comparable	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
trade	NN
show	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
event	NN
,	,
the	DT
company	NN
will	MD
unveil	VB
new	JJ
products	NNS
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
the	DT
trip	NN
,	,
the	DT
company	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
on	IN
site	NN
demonstrations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
equipment	NN
for	IN
the	DT
county	NN
school	NN
board	NN
representatives	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
will	MD
also	RB
take	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
a	DT
local	JJ
company	NN
that	WDT
uses	VBZ
the	DT
system	NN
and	CC
provide	VB
training	NN
.	.
As	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
similar	JJ
system	NN
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
possible	JJ
to	TO
inspect	VB
the	DT
equipment	NN
without	IN
traveling	VBG
.	.
In	IN
previous	JJ
Advisory	NNP
Opinions	NNS
the	DT
Ethics	NNPS
Commission	NNP
has	VBZ
approved	VBN
the	DT
practice	NN
of	IN
government	NN
agencies	NNS
permitting	VBG
vendors	NNS
to	TO
pay	VB
the	DT
expenses	NNS
of	IN
agency	NN
personnel	NNS
when	WRB
they	PRP
attend	VBP
events	NNS
designed	VBN
to	TO
enhance	VB
their	PRP$
job	NN
related	VBN
skills	NNS
or	CC
knowledge	NN
.	.
For	IN
instance	NN
,	,
in	IN
A.O.	NNP
98-18	CD
the	DT
Commission	NNP
found	VBD
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
permissible	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
Public	NNP
Service	NNP
District	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
PSD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
be	VB
reimbursed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
potential	JJ
vendor	NN
for	IN
the	DT
expense	NN
of	IN
key	JJ
personnel	NNS
attending	VBG
a	DT
one	CD
day	NN
seminar	NN
on	IN
wastewater	NN
treatment	NN
equipment	NN
.	.
In	IN
certain	JJ
instances	NNS
,	,
this	DT
practice	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
violate	VB
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
's	POS
prohibition	NN
against	IN
the	DT
acceptance	NN
of	IN
gifts	NNS
because	IN
the	DT
employing	VBG
agency	NN
and	CC
the	DT
public	JJ
benefit	NN
significantly	RB
from	IN
the	DT
increase	NN
in	IN
the	DT
traveler	NN
's	POS
job	NN
related	VBN
skills	NNS
or	CC
knowledge	NN
.	.
Although	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
traveler	NN
benefits	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
type	NN
of	IN
benefit	NN
which	WDT
violates	VBZ
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
improper	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
office	NN
for	IN
private	JJ
gain	NN
where	WRB
there	EX
is	VBZ
an	DT
overriding	VBG
public	JJ
benefit	NN
to	TO
such	JJ
travel	NN
and	CC
the	DT
true	JJ
recipient	JJ
is	VBZ
the	DT
governmental	JJ
agency	NN
,	,
not	RB
the	DT
individual	JJ
agency	NN
traveler	NN
.	.
The	DT
incidental	JJ
benefit	NN
to	TO
the	DT
individual	NN
is	VBZ
legitimized	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
overriding	VBG
public	JJ
benefit	NN
.	.
The	DT
trip	NN
should	MD
represent	VB
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
investment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
traveler	NN
's	POS
time	NN
when	WRB
weighed	VBN
against	IN
the	DT
information	NN
acquired	VBD
or	CC
the	DT
degree	NN
of	IN
improvement	NN
in	IN
job	NN
skills	NNS
.	.
A	DT
five	CD
day	NN
trip	NN
comprised	VBD
of	IN
two	CD
travel	NN
days	NNS
and	CC
three	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
light	JJ
class	NN
work	NN
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
acquire	VB
information	NN
or	CC
skills	NNS
which	WDT
could	MD
be	VB
adequately	RB
presented	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
one	CD
day	NN
seminar	NN
.	.
The	DT
foregoing	NN
guidelines	NNS
provide	VBP
the	DT
requestor	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
a	DT
means	NN
of	IN
judging	VBG
whether	IN
a	DT
specific	JJ
offer	NN
of	IN
a	DT
trip	NN
is	VBZ
acceptable	JJ
under	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
Care	NNP
should	MD
always	RB
be	VB
taken	VBN
that	IN
no	DT
gift	NN
is	VBZ
tendered	VBN
or	CC
accepted	VBN
under	IN
facts	NNS
or	CC
circumstances	NNS
which	WDT
could	MD
impair	VB
the	DT
impartiality	NN
and	CC
independent	JJ
judgment	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
servants	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
governmental	JJ
agency	NN
or	CC
give	VB
the	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
impropriety	NN
or	CC
the	DT
creation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
quid	JJ
pro	JJ
quo	NN
.	.
The	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
leasing	VBG
or	CC
purchasing	VBG
the	DT
printing	NN
system	NN
technology	NN
will	MD
involve	VB
a	DT
significant	JJ
expenditure	NN
of	IN
money	NN
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
the	DT
operating	NN
systems	NNS
will	MD
serve	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
and	CC
the	DT
state	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
potential	JJ
purchase	NN
be	VB
carefully	RB
evaluated	VBN
and	CC
scrutinized	VBN
.	.
The	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
providing	VBG
health	NN
care	NN
services	NNS
to	TO
public	JJ
servants	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
most	RBS
public	JJ
school	NN
employees	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Agency	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
State	NNP
University	NNP
are	VBP
jointly	RB
conducting	VBG
a	DT
pilot	NN
study	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
electronic	JJ
game	NN
engaging	VBG
participants	NNS
in	IN
aerobic	JJ
dance	NN
activity	NN
can	MD
serve	VB
as	IN
an	DT
effective	JJ
tool	NN
in	IN
reducing	VBG
childhood	NN
obesity	NN
.	.
The	DT
University	NNP
has	VBZ
negotiated	VBN
a	DT
40	CD
%	NN
price	NN
reduction	NN
with	IN
the	DT
manufacturer	NN
to	TO
obtain	VB
the	DT
game	NN
systems	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
being	VBG
provided	VBN
for	IN
use	NN
by	IN
the	DT
85	CD
students	NNS
and	CC
two	CD
public	JJ
school	NN
physical	JJ
education	NN
programs	NNS
participating	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
test	NN
program	NN
.	.
Parents	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
not	RB
selected	VBN
for	IN
participation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
program	NN
and	CC
school	NN
staff	NN
members	NNS
have	VBP
asked	VBN
to	TO
purchase	VB
these	DT
games	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
Agency	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
price	NN
obtained	VBN
under	IN
the	DT
pilot	NN
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
has	VBZ
further	JJ
recognized	VBN
that	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
certain	JJ
situations	NNS
where	WRB
discounts	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
pursued	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
,	,
and	CC
exercised	VBN
by	IN
eligible	JJ
public	JJ
employees	NNS
,	,
where	WRB
the	DT
government	NN
expects	VBZ
to	TO
obtain	VB
a	DT
significant	JJ
benefit	NN
through	IN
employee	NN
participation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
discounted	JJ
activities	NNS
.	.
This	DT
particular	JJ
proposal	NN
involves	VBZ
a	DT
game	NN
system	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
being	VBG
evaluated	VBN
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
cost-effective	JJ
tool	NN
for	IN
promoting	VBG
beneficial	JJ
aerobic	JJ
activity	NN
in	IN
overweight	JJ
children	NNS
.	.
Absent	JJ
a	DT
reasoned	VBN
medical	JJ
determination	NN
that	IN
this	DT
system	NN
promotes	VBZ
wellness	JJ
and	CC
reduces	VBZ
health	NN
costs	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
State	NN
,	,
authorizing	VBG
discounted	JJ
purchases	NNS
by	IN
employees	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
,	,
State	NNP
University	NNP
or	CC
participating	VBG
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
would	MD
violate	VB
the	DT
prohibition	NN
against	IN
use	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
office	NN
for	IN
private	JJ
gain	NN
.	.
Superintendent	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
recommendation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
concerning	VBG
which	WDT
applicant	NN
should	MD
be	VB
selected	VBN
to	TO
fill	VB
a	DT
vacant	JJ
position	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
create	VB
the	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
using	VBG
public	JJ
office	NN
for	IN
private	JJ
gain	NN
for	IN
a	DT
County	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
,	,
or	CC
one	CD
of	IN
her	PRP$
subordinates	NNS
,	,
to	TO
nominate	VB
herself	PRP
for	IN
a	DT
vacant	JJ
position	NN
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
well	RB
qualified	VBN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
Superintendent	NNP
were	VBD
to	TO
resign	VB
,	,
her	PRP$
successor	NN
could	MD
nominate	VB
her	PRP$
for	IN
a	DT
vacant	JJ
position	NN
and	CC
she	PRP
could	MD
then	RB
be	VB
hired	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
Principal	NN
because	IN
she	PRP
would	MD
no	RB
longer	RB
have	VB
any	DT
voice	NN
,	,
influence	NN
or	CC
control	NN
over	IN
the	DT
selection	NN
process	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
investment	NN
of	IN
certain	JJ
State	NN
funds	NNS
.	.
On	IN
occasion	NN
the	DT
Board	NNP
must	MD
consider	VB
possible	JJ
shareholder	NN
litigation	NN
against	IN
publicly	RB
traded	VBN
corporations	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
Board	NNP
has	VBZ
equity	NN
or	CC
debt	NN
investments	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
previously	RB
obtained	VBD
guidance	NN
concerning	VBG
whether	IN
Trustees	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
recuse	VB
themselves	PRP
from	IN
voting	VBG
on	IN
matters	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
hold	VBP
an	DT
indirect	JJ
financial	JJ
interest	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
their	PRP$
investment	NN
in	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
mutual	JJ
funds	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
now	RB
asks	VBZ
for	IN
guidance	NN
on	IN
voting	NN
where	WRB
a	DT
Trustee	NN
holds	VBZ
stock	NN
in	IN
a	DT
publicly-traded	JJ
company	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Use	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
office	NN
for	IN
private	JJ
gain	NN
,	,
provides	VBZ
in	IN
part	NN
that	IN
...	:
A	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
may	MD
not	RB
knowingly	RB
and	CC
intentionally	RB
use	VB
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
office	NN
or	CC
the	DT
prestige	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
office	NN
for	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
own	JJ
private	JJ
gain	NN
or	CC
that	IN
of	IN
another	DT
person	NN
.	.
This	DT
decision	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
particular	JJ
circumstances	NNS
presented	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
request	NN
and	CC
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
relied	VBN
upon	IN
to	TO
establish	VB
whether	IN
a	DT
financial	JJ
interest	NN
is	VBZ
de	IN
minimis	NNS
in	IN
some	DT
other	JJ
context	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
address	VB
such	JJ
questions	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
case-by-case	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
A	DT
Volunteer	NNP
Fire	NNP
Department	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
VFD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
a	DT
program	NN
offered	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
advertising	NN
company	NN
which	WDT
provides	VBZ
vehicles	NNS
for	IN
use	NN
by	IN
government	NN
agencies	NNS
that	WDT
agree	VBP
to	TO
operate	VB
these	DT
advertisement-bearing	JJ
vehicles	NNS
within	IN
their	PRP$
communities	NNS
.	.
Unlike	IN
the	DT
government	NN
agencies	NNS
addressed	VBD
in	IN
these	DT
earlier	JJR
opinions	NNS
,	,
a	DT
VFD	NNP
operates	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
voluntary	JJ
,	,
community-based	JJ
organization	NN
without	IN
significant	JJ
governmental	JJ
authority	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
unlikely	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
public	NN
would	MD
perceive	VB
advertising	NN
on	IN
a	DT
VFD-operated	JJ
vehicle	NN
as	IN
an	DT
official	JJ
government	NN
endorsement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
products	NNS
advertised	VBD
,	,
anymore	RB
than	IN
billboards	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
stadium	NN
would	MD
be	VB
viewed	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
official	JJ
endorsement	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
is	VBZ
also	RB
aware	JJ
that	IN
VFDs	NNP
generally	RB
have	VBP
no	DT
independent	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
impose	VB
mandatory	JJ
fees	NNS
or	CC
taxes	NNS
to	TO
fund	VB
their	PRP$
operations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
of	IN
a	DT
county	NN
represented	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Legislator	NNP
has	VBZ
initiated	VBN
a	DT
program	NN
to	TO
petition	VB
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
to	TO
pass	VB
a	DT
law	NN
giving	VBG
county	NN
residents	NNS
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
decide	VB
by	IN
local	JJ
referendum	NN
whether	IN
table	NN
games	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
permitted	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
gaming	NN
site	NN
located	VBN
within	IN
the	DT
county	NN
.	.
The	DT
Legislator	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
full-time	JJ
employee	NN
of	IN
the	DT
business	NN
which	WDT
operates	VBZ
the	DT
gaming	NN
site	NN
,	,
but	CC
his	PRP$
responsibilities	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
directly	RB
related	VBN
to	TO
its	PRP$
gaming	NN
activities	NNS
and	CC
do	VB
not	RB
encompass	VB
public	JJ
or	CC
governmental	JJ
relations	NNS
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Use	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
office	NN
for	IN
private	JJ
gain	NN
provides	VBZ
in	IN
pertinent	JJ
part	NN
that	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
...	:
may	MD
not	RB
knowingly	RB
and	CC
intentionally	RB
use	VB
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
office	NN
or	CC
the	DT
prestige	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
office	NN
for	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
own	JJ
private	JJ
gain	NN
or	CC
that	IN
of	IN
another	DT
person	NN
.	.
The	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
usual	JJ
and	CC
customary	JJ
duties	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
office	NN
...	:
or	CC
the	DT
advancement	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
policy	NN
goals	NNS
or	CC
constituent	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
without	IN
compensation	NN
,	,
does	VBZ
not	RB
constitute	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
prestige	NN
of	IN
office	NN
for	IN
private	JJ
gain	NN
.	.
The	DT
usual	JJ
and	CC
customary	JJ
duties	NNS
of	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
include	VBP
sponsoring	VBG
legislation	NN
,	,
particularly	RB
legislation	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
sought	VBN
by	IN
constituents	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
in	IN
this	DT
situation	NN
the	DT
Legislator	NNP
is	VBZ
employed	VBN
full-time	JJ
by	IN
a	DT
business	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
among	IN
the	DT
principal	JJ
beneficiaries	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
legislation	NN
proposed	VBD
.	.
The	DT
Legislator	NNP
shares	NNS
a	DT
common	JJ
financial	JJ
interest	NN
with	IN
his	PRP$
employer	NN
in	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
legislation	NN
and	CC
he	PRP
should	MD
not	RB
,	,
therefore	RB
,	,
sponsor	VBP
the	DT
legislation	NN
.	.
The	DT
advisory	JJ
opinion	NN
process	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
way	NN
for	IN
public	JJ
servants	NNS
to	TO
determine	VB
,	,
in	IN
advance	NN
,	,
whether	IN
specific	JJ
conduct	NN
they	PRP
plan	VBP
is	VBZ
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
The	DT
process	NN
provides	VBZ
guidance	NN
and	CC
protection	NN
to	TO
public	JJ
servants	NNS
-	:
its	PRP$
purpose	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
immunize	VB
those	DT
who	WP
act	VBP
in	IN
good	JJ
faith	NN
reliance	NN
upon	IN
an	DT
advisory	JJ
opinion	NN
.	.
Amendment	NNP
One	CD
to	TO
the	DT
WV	NNP
Constitution	NNP
,	,
passed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
voters	NNS
in	IN
November	NNP
2003	CD
,	,
authorized	VBD
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
tax	NN
increment	NN
financing	NN
secured	VBN
by	IN
property	NN
taxes	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
economic	JJ
development	NN
mechanism	NN
.	.
The	DT
2002	CD
Legislature	NNP
created	VBD
a	DT
legislative	JJ
framework	NN
for	IN
establishing	VBG
TIF	NNP
districts	NNS
and	CC
approving	VBG
specific	JJ
TIF	NNP
projects	NNS
within	IN
an	DT
established	VBN
district	NN
.	.
TIF	NNP
district	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
Commissioner	NNP
B	NNP
should	MD
likewise	RB
not	RB
vote	VB
on	IN
a	DT
proposal	NN
to	TO
include	VB
property	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
TIF	NNP
district	NN
or	CC
on	IN
any	DT
specific	JJ
proposal	NN
involving	VBG
that	IN
property	NN
.	.
A	DT
State	NNP
Board	NNP
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
its	PRP$
Trustees	NNPS
and	CC
senior	JJ
executive	JJ
staff	NN
are	VBP
disqualified	VBN
from	IN
taking	VBG
official	JJ
action	NN
in	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
publicly	RB
traded	VBN
corporations	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
have	VBP
personal	JJ
financial	JJ
interests	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
wants	VBZ
to	TO
establish	VB
those	DT
circumstances	NNS
which	WDT
will	MD
require	VB
its	PRP$
Trustees	NNPS
and	CC
senior	JJ
staff	NN
to	TO
recuse	VB
themselves	PRP
from	IN
consideration	NN
of	IN
official	JJ
action	NN
against	IN
a	DT
publicly	RB
traded	VBN
corporation	NN
,	,
because	IN
of	IN
personal	JJ
financial	JJ
investments	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
corporation	NN
.	.
The	DT
actual	JJ
portfolio	NN
composition	NN
of	IN
mutual	JJ
funds	NNS
is	VBZ
a	DT
matter	NN
which	WDT
most	RBS
investors	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
aware	JJ
of	IN
only	RB
on	IN
a	DT
periodic	JJ
or	CC
occasional	JJ
basis	NN
and	CC
the	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
unreasonable	JJ
to	TO
impute	VB
knowledge	NN
of	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
investments	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
mutual	JJ
fund	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
stockholders	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Acts	NNS
?	.
prohibition	NN
against	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
office	NN
for	IN
private	JJ
gain	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
prevent	VB
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
misusing	VBG
the	DT
influence	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
public	JJ
positions	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
private	JJ
financial	JJ
gain	NN
or	CC
that	IN
of	IN
their	PRP$
friends	NNS
,	,
relatives	NNS
,	,
business	NN
associates	NNS
or	CC
cronies	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
any	DT
overriding	VBG
public	JJ
benefit	NN
,	,
endorsement	NN
of	IN
commercial	JJ
products	NNS
through	IN
advertising	NN
on	IN
police	NN
and	CC
emergency	NN
county	NN
vehicles	NNS
,	,
could	MD
constitute	VB
a	DT
use	NN
of	IN
office	NN
for	IN
private	JJ
gain	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
should	MD
not	RB
adopt	VB
this	DT
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
Agency	NNP
uses	VBZ
two	CD
bloodhounds	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
it	PRP
in	IN
wildland	NN
fire	NN
investigations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Agency	NNP
has	VBZ
used	VBN
the	DT
dogs	NNS
for	IN
almost	RB
five	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
during	IN
that	DT
time	NN
a	DT
business	NN
which	WDT
sells	VBZ
dog	NN
food	NN
has	VBZ
supplied	VBN
dog	NN
food	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Agency	NNP
at	IN
no	DT
cost	NN
.	.
The	DT
business	NN
recently	RB
asked	VBD
to	TO
use	VB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
dogs	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
dog	NN
food	NN
commercial	NN
.	.
The	DT
Agency	NNP
is	VBZ
willing	JJ
to	TO
cooperate	VB
with	IN
the	DT
business	NN
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
of	IN
thanking	VBG
it	PRP
for	IN
its	PRP$
past	JJ
financial	JJ
support	NN
and	CC
because	IN
it	PRP
feels	VBZ
it	PRP
will	MD
promote	VB
public	JJ
awareness	NN
of	IN
the	DT
bloodhound	NN
program	NN
and	CC
reduce	VB
the	DT
likelihood	NN
of	IN
arson	NN
related	VBN
wildfires	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
held	VBN
that	IN
commercial	JJ
endorsement	NN
of	IN
private	JJ
sector	NN
products	NNS
or	CC
services	NNS
by	IN
governmental	JJ
agencies	NNS
is	VBZ
acceptable	JJ
only	RB
when	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
program	NN
which	WDT
results	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
overriding	VBG
public	JJ
benefit	NN
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
case	NN
here	RB
.	.
The	DT
Agency	NNP
should	MD
not	RB
permit	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
dog	NN
in	IN
the	DT
production	NN
of	IN
a	DT
dog	NN
food	NN
commercial	NN
.	.
The	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
established	VBD
a	DT
wellness	JJ
program	NN
for	IN
county	NN
personnel	NNS
which	WDT
gives	VBZ
them	PRP
free	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
health	NN
facilities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
YMCA	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
buy	VB
membership	NN
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
participate	VBP
,	,
but	CC
pays	VBZ
the	DT
YMCA	NNP
a	DT
pro-rated	JJ
fee	NN
for	IN
each	DT
day	NN
an	DT
employee	NN
uses	VBZ
the	DT
facility	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
explains	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
conceived	VBD
the	DT
program	NN
to	TO
further	JJ
mental	JJ
and	CC
physical	JJ
health	NN
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
chose	VBD
to	TO
participate	VB
.	.
The	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
for	IN
its	PRP$
members	NNS
to	TO
approve	VB
the	DT
final	JJ
settlement	NN
of	IN
estates	NNS
reflecting	VBG
payments	NNS
of	IN
estate	NN
funds	NNS
to	TO
personally	RB
compensate	VB
the	DT
Sheriff	NNP
or	CC
his	PRP$
deputies	NNS
for	IN
performing	VBG
their	PRP$
public	JJ
duties	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
administration	NN
of	IN
estates	NNS
which	WDT
the	DT
Sheriff	NNP
was	VBD
appointed	VBN
,	,
in	IN
his	PRP$
official	JJ
capacity	NN
,	,
to	TO
administer	VB
.	.
In	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
administrative	JJ
rules	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Division	NNP
of	IN
Personnel	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Employee	NNP
was	VBD
given	VBN
time	NN
off	RP
from	IN
work	NN
,	,
without	IN
loss	NN
of	IN
pay	NN
or	CC
charge	NN
to	TO
annual	JJ
leave	NN
,	,
to	TO
respond	VB
to	TO
a	DT
summons	NN
for	IN
jury	NN
duty	NN
.	.
The	DT
Employee	NNP
has	VBZ
served	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
juror	NN
and	CC
he	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
court	NN
for	IN
his	PRP$
mileage	NN
and	CC
a	DT
per	IN
diem	NN
reimbursement	NN
for	IN
his	PRP$
required	JJ
attendance	NN
at	IN
sessions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
court	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
k	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Certain	JJ
expenses	NNS
prohibited	VBN
.	.
--	:
No	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
shall	MD
knowingly	RB
request	VB
or	CC
accept	VB
from	IN
any	DT
governmental	JJ
entity	NN
compensation	NN
or	CC
reimbursement	NN
for	IN
any	DT
expenses	NNS
actually	RB
paid	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
lobbyist	NN
and	CC
required	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
chapter	NN
to	TO
be	VB
reported	VBN
,	,
or	CC
actually	RB
paid	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
person	NN
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
being	VBG
paid	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
governmental	JJ
entity	NN
for	IN
work	NN
which	WDT
has	VBZ
actually	RB
been	VBN
paid	VBN
for	IN
by	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
person	NN
.	.
The	DT
prohibition	NN
is	VBZ
aimed	VBN
at	IN
what	WP
is	VBZ
generally	RB
referred	VBN
to	TO
as	IN
double	JJ
dipping	VBG
,	,
being	VBG
paid	VBN
twice	RB
for	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
work	NN
.	.
State	NNP
Personnel	NNP
rules	NNS
give	VBP
State	NNP
employees	NNS
time	NN
off	RP
from	IN
their	PRP$
governmental	JJ
job	NN
to	TO
perform	VB
jury	NN
service	NN
,	,
without	IN
reducing	VBG
their	PRP$
pay	NN
or	CC
charging	VBG
their	PRP$
annual	JJ
leave	NN
account	NN
.	.
The	DT
rules	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
require	VB
employees	NNS
to	TO
relinquish	VB
their	PRP$
jury	NN
service	NN
pay	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
is	VBZ
preparing	VBG
to	TO
implement	VB
new	JJ
mapping	NN
requirements	NNS
mandated	VBN
by	IN
recently	RB
enacted	VBN
law	NN
.	.
The	DT
County	NNP
Surveyor	NNP
agreed	VBD
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
orientation	NN
meetings	NNS
for	IN
county	NN
officials	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
expectation	NN
of	IN
helping	VBG
to	TO
implement	VB
the	DT
new	JJ
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
has	VBZ
reimbursed	VBN
the	DT
County	NNP
Surveyor	NNP
for	IN
his	PRP$
food	NN
,	,
travel	NN
and	CC
registration	NN
expenses	NNS
incurred	VBN
in	IN
attending	VBG
meetings	NNS
,	,
conferences	NNS
and	CC
workshops	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
mapping	NN
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
and	CC
Surveyor	NNP
ask	VB
if	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
may	MD
pay	VB
him	PRP
for	IN
the	DT
time	NN
he	PRP
spends	VBZ
attending	VBG
such	JJ
meetings	NNS
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
.	.
No	DT
provision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
disqualifies	VBZ
the	DT
County	NNP
Surveyor	NNP
from	IN
consideration	NN
for	IN
employment	NN
by	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
county	NN
projects	NNS
.	.
So	RB
long	RB
as	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Surveyor	NNP
is	VBZ
qualified	VBN
to	TO
perform	VB
the	DT
activities	NNS
he	PRP
is	VBZ
paid	VBN
to	TO
perform	VB
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commissioners	NNPS
to	TO
pay	VB
him	PRP
or	CC
for	IN
him	PRP
to	TO
accept	VB
payment	NN
.	.
This	DT
opinion	NN
deals	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
grant	NN
made	VBD
to	TO
a	DT
public	JJ
entity	NN
,	,
a	DT
public	JJ
school	NN
or	CC
school	NN
system	NN
.	.
The	DT
opinion	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
deal	VB
with	IN
those	DT
situations	NNS
where	WRB
individuals	NNS
seek	VBP
and	CC
obtain	VBP
grants	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
name	NN
-	:
grants	NNS
to	TO
further	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
work	NN
or	CC
perform	VB
a	DT
specific	JJ
task	NN
.	.
The	DT
Act	NNP
does	VBZ
contain	VB
a	DT
general	JJ
prohibition	NN
against	IN
public	JJ
servants	NNS
using	VBG
the	DT
influence	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
public	JJ
positions	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
private	JJ
financial	JJ
gain	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
It	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
this	DT
provision	NN
for	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
to	TO
misuse	NN
the	DT
influence	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
teaching	NN
position	NN
to	TO
secure	VB
employment	NN
in	IN
a	DT
project	NN
financed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
proceeds	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
grant	NN
which	WDT
she	PRP
had	VBD
helped	VBN
obtain	VB
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
to	TO
accept	VB
responsibility	NN
for	IN
hiring	VBG
the	DT
summer	NN
teacher	NN
and	CC
then	RB
pervert	VB
the	DT
process	NN
by	IN
arbitrarily	RB
hiring	VBG
herself	PRP
.	.
This	DT
could	MD
also	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
,	,
a	DT
criminal	JJ
misdemeanor	NN
statute	NN
which	WDT
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
personal	JJ
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
contract	NN
over	IN
which	WDT
their	PRP$
public	JJ
position	NN
gives	VBZ
them	PRP
control	NN
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
hire	VB
comes	VBZ
a	DT
duty	NN
to	TO
act	VB
responsibly	RB
and	CC
use	VB
a	DT
selection	NN
process	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
fair	JJ
and	CC
evenhanded	JJ
,	,
a	DT
process	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
reasonable	JJ
and	CC
objective	JJ
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
teacher	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
considered	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
position	NN
,	,
she	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
excluded	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
selection	NN
process	NN
-	:
a	DT
candidate	NN
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
selection	NN
process	NN
.	.
While	IN
in	IN
office	NN
,	,
the	DT
former	JJ
Mayor	NNP
arranged	VBD
for	IN
Town	NNP
personnel	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
rough	JJ
cut	NN
boards	NNS
from	IN
his	PRP$
lumber	NN
mill	NN
to	TO
brace	VB
the	DT
roof	NN
of	IN
an	DT
existing	VBG
building	NN
the	DT
Town	NNP
bought	VBD
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
Town	NNP
Hall	NNP
.	.
Thereafter	RB
,	,
the	DT
Mayor	NNP
ordered	VBD
$	$
1,100	CD
worth	NN
of	IN
finished	VBN
lumber	NN
from	IN
a	DT
local	JJ
lumber	NN
yard	NN
to	TO
replace	VB
the	DT
lumber	NN
from	IN
his	PRP$
mill	NN
.	.
He	PRP
asks	VBZ
the	DT
Town	NNP
to	TO
pay	VB
for	IN
the	DT
replacement	NN
lumber	NN
ordered	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
personal	JJ
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
contract	NN
,	,
purchase	NN
or	CC
sale	NN
which	WDT
their	PRP$
public	JJ
positions	NNS
give	VBP
them	PRP
the	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
award	NN
or	CC
control	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
This	DT
prohibition	NN
means	VBZ
that	IN
neither	CC
the	DT
Mayor	NNP
nor	CC
Council	NNP
members	NNS
may	MD
sell	VB
goods	NNS
or	CC
services	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Town	NNP
.	.
Except	IN
for	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
situation	NN
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
this	DT
prohibition	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Mayor	NNP
to	TO
sell	VB
lumber	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Town	NNP
for	IN
use	NN
in	IN
rehabilitating	VBG
Town	NNP
property	NN
.	.
This	DT
Opinion	NN
is	VBZ
confined	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
particular	JJ
request	NN
and	CC
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
relied	VBN
upon	IN
by	IN
others	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
cautions	VBZ
others	NNS
to	TO
avoid	VB
,	,
except	IN
where	WRB
compelling	JJ
circumstances	NNS
require	VBP
it	PRP
,	,
borrowing	VBG
goods	NNS
or	CC
services	NNS
from	IN
those	DT
who	WP
control	VBP
the	DT
return	NN
or	CC
replacement	NN
of	IN
those	DT
goods	NNS
or	CC
services	NNS
.	.
The	DT
risk	NN
of	IN
appearing	VBG
to	TO
try	VB
to	TO
skirt	NN
the	DT
law	NN
,	,
the	DT
difficulty	NN
in	IN
distinguishing	VBG
loans	NNS
from	IN
sales	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
potential	NN
for	IN
the	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
impropriety	NN
are	VBP
so	RB
great	JJ
that	IN
other	JJ
arrangements	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
is	VBZ
interested	JJ
in	IN
membership	NN
in	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
Chamber	NNP
of	IN
Commerce	NNP
and	CC
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
become	VB
a	DT
dues	NNS
paying	VBG
member	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
believes	VBZ
that	IN
membership	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Chamber	NNP
will	MD
help	VB
it	PRP
promote	VB
educational	JJ
and	CC
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
its	PRP$
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
school	NN
funds	NNS
to	TO
buy	VB
meal	NN
tickets	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
or	CC
other	JJ
school	NN
personnel	NNS
to	TO
attend	VB
Chamber	NNP
luncheons	NNS
and	CC
dinners	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
prohibited	VBN
use	NN
of	IN
office	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
private	JJ
gain	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
asks	VBZ
if	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
require	VB
county	NN
personnel	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
and	CC
distribute	VB
promotional	JJ
materials	NNS
prepared	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
which	WDT
supports	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
advance	VB
,	,
the	DT
position	NN
taken	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
provides	VBZ
in	IN
part	NN
that	IN
...	:
a	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
may	MD
not	RB
knowingly	RB
and	CC
intentionally	RB
use	VB
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
office	NN
or	CC
the	DT
prestige	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
office	NN
for	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
own	JJ
private	JJ
gain	NN
or	CC
that	IN
of	IN
another	DT
person	NN
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
using	VBG
their	PRP$
public	JJ
positions	NNS
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
influence	NN
of	IN
those	DT
positions	NNS
,	,
for	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
private	JJ
financial	JJ
gain	NN
or	CC
the	DT
private	JJ
financial	JJ
gain	NN
of	IN
others	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Commissioners	NNPS
?	.
action	NN
in	IN
requiring	VBG
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
promotional	JJ
materials	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
at	IN
odds	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
only	RB
if	IN
it	PRP
constitutes	VBZ
a	DT
prohibited	VBN
use	NN
of	IN
office	NN
for	IN
private	JJ
financial	JJ
gain	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
to	TO
order	VB
,	,
require	VB
,	,
encourage	VB
or	CC
approve	VB
the	DT
wearing	VBG
of	IN
promotional	JJ
buttons	NNS
by	IN
county	NN
personnel	NNS
,	,
the	DT
display	NN
or	CC
distribution	NN
of	IN
promotional	JJ
materials	NNS
in	IN
county	NN
offices	NNS
,	,
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
bumper	NN
stickers	NNS
on	IN
county	NN
vehicles	NNS
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
posting	VBG
of	IN
yard	NN
signs	NNS
on	IN
county	NN
property	NN
,	,
which	WDT
advance	VBP
the	DT
position	NN
taken	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
,	,
however	RB
,	,
be	VB
proper	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
to	TO
secure	VB
discounted	JJ
prices	NNS
for	IN
purchases	NNS
made	VBN
by	IN
faculty	NN
and	CC
staff	NN
alone	RB
.	.
Since	IN
the	DT
concessionaire	NN
must	MD
make	VB
a	DT
profit	NN
on	IN
its	PRP$
operation	NN
,	,
reduced	VBD
prices	NNS
to	TO
one	CD
group	NN
of	IN
customers	NNS
will	MD
result	VB
in	IN
increased	VBN
prices	NNS
to	TO
its	PRP$
other	JJ
customers	NNS
.	.
Authority	NNP
.	.
A	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
Members	NNP
hold	VBP
full-time	JJ
employment	NN
elsewhere	RB
and	CC
the	DT
lunch	NN
hour	NN
provides	VBZ
the	DT
most	RBS
convenient	JJ
meeting	NN
time	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
a	DT
quorum	NN
is	VBZ
present	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Authorities	NNP
wish	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
light	JJ
meals	NNS
or	CC
snacks	NNS
to	TO
meeting	VBG
attendees	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
pizza	NN
,	,
potato	NN
chips	NNS
and	CC
soft	JJ
drinks	NNS
.	.
Employees	NNS
and	CC
staff	NN
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
maintain	VB
current	JJ
certification	NN
as	IN
emergency	NN
medical	JJ
service	NN
personnel	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
the	DT
Authorities	NNP
seek	VB
to	TO
ensure	VB
their	PRP$
employees	NNS
and	CC
staff	NN
maintain	VBP
a	DT
high	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
preparedness	NN
for	IN
emergency	NN
response	NN
by	IN
receiving	VBG
training	NN
on	IN
current	JJ
medical	JJ
techniques	NNS
and	CC
recent	JJ
advances	NNS
in	IN
emergency	NN
medicine	NN
and	CC
related	VBN
areas	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Authorities	NNP
provide	VB
this	DT
training	NN
in-house	NN
without	IN
charge	NN
.	.
Only	RB
employees	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
on	IN
duty	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
a	DT
small	JJ
minority	NN
of	IN
those	DT
in	IN
attendance	NN
,	,
are	VBP
paid	VBN
while	IN
attending	VBG
training	NN
.	.
Even	RB
those	DT
on	IN
duty	NN
are	VBP
not	RB
required	VBN
to	TO
attend	VB
the	DT
training	NN
,	,
and	CC
must	MD
respond	VB
to	TO
routine	JJ
business	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
at	IN
all	DT
times	NNS
.	.
The	DT
vast	JJ
majority	NN
of	IN
those	DT
attending	VBG
are	VBP
not	RB
compensated	VBN
for	IN
their	PRP$
time	NN
in	IN
training	NN
.	.
The	DT
employer	NN
wants	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
light	JJ
meals	NNS
and	CC
snacks	NNS
,	,
similar	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
board	NN
meetings	NNS
,	,
for	IN
participating	VBG
instructors	NNS
,	,
employees	NNS
and	CC
staff	NN
.	.
Free	NNP
lunches	NNS
for	IN
Authority	NNP
members	NNS
.	.
The	DT
compensation	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
Board	NNP
members	NNS
are	VBP
entitled	VBN
is	VBZ
set	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
at	IN
$	$
20	CD
for	IN
each	DT
meeting	NN
actually	RB
attended	VBD
.	.
Members	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
entitled	VBN
to	TO
reimbursement	NN
for	IN
reasonable	JJ
and	CC
necessary	JJ
expenses	NNS
incurred	VBN
in	IN
carrying	VBG
out	RP
their	PRP$
duties	NNS
.	.
While	IN
noon	NN
meetings	NNS
are	VBP
clearly	RB
convenient	JJ
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
free	JJ
lunch	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
necessary	JJ
for	IN
Authority	NNP
meetings	NNS
and	CC
exceeds	VBZ
limits	NNS
established	VBN
for	IN
expense	NN
reimbursement	NN
.	.
Free	NNP
lunches	NNS
are	VBP
,	,
therefore	RB
,	,
not	RB
among	IN
the	DT
benefits	NNS
included	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
members	NNS
?	.
lawful	JJ
emoluments	NNS
and	CC
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
provided	VBN
them	PRP
.	.
Free	NNP
lunches	NNS
for	IN
Authority	NNP
employees	NNS
.	.
The	DT
compensation	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
Authority	NNP
employees	NNS
are	VBP
entitled	VBN
is	VBZ
not	RB
set	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
,	,
but	CC
is	VBZ
a	DT
matter	NN
to	TO
be	VB
decided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
Boards	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
Boards	NNS
have	VBP
the	DT
authority	NN
and	CC
responsibility	NN
to	TO
establish	VB
the	DT
lawful	JJ
emoluments	NNS
of	IN
Authority	NNP
employees	NNS
.	.
Authority	NNP
from	IN
paying	VBG
employees	NNS
to	TO
attend	VB
training	NN
sessions	NNS
which	WDT
were	VBD
reasonably	RB
necessary	JJ
to	TO
maintain	VB
or	CC
advance	VB
their	PRP$
professional	JJ
competence	NN
.	.
Alternatively	RB
,	,
the	DT
Act	NNP
would	MD
not	RB
prevent	VB
the	DT
Authority	NNP
from	IN
offering	VBG
meals	NNS
and	CC
refreshments	NNS
as	IN
an	DT
inducement	NN
to	TO
encourage	VB
employees	NNS
to	TO
voluntarily	RB
attend	VB
such	JJ
training	NN
sessions	NNS
on	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
time	NN
,	,
without	IN
pay	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commissioner	NNP
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
public	JJ
funds	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
pay	VB
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
commemorative	JJ
parties	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
cocktails	NNS
and	CC
formal	JJ
dinners	NNS
,	,
held	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
or	CC
one	CD
of	IN
its	PRP$
subordinate	JJ
agencies	NNS
for	IN
its	PRP$
personnel	NNS
,	,
their	PRP$
families	NNS
,	,
dignitaries	NNS
,	,
contractors	NNS
and	CC
vendors	NNS
.	.
This	DT
would	MD
include	VB
annual	JJ
dinners	NNS
or	CC
Christmas	NNP
parties	NNS
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
case	NN
the	DT
Ethics	NNPS
Commission	NNP
rules	NNS
that	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
or	CC
its	PRP$
subordinate	JJ
agencies	NNS
,	,
to	TO
use	VB
public	JJ
funds	NNS
to	TO
pay	VB
for	IN
commemorative	JJ
social	JJ
events	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
Christmas	NNP
parties	NNS
or	CC
annual	JJ
dinners	NNS
.	.
The	DT
addition	NN
of	IN
dignitaries	NNS
,	,
contractors	NNS
,	,
vendors	NNS
or	CC
select	JJ
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
public	NN
to	TO
the	DT
guest	NN
list	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
legitimize	VB
the	DT
expenditure	NN
.	.
A	DT
State	NNP
Health	NNP
Care	NNP
Agency	NNP
asks	VBZ
if	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
free	JJ
meals	NNS
to	TO
agency	NN
personnel	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
work	VB
unscheduled	JJ
emergency	NN
overtime	NN
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
practice	NN
were	VBD
authorized	VBN
by	IN
appropriate	JJ
legislation	NN
.	.
The	DT
Agency	NNP
is	VBZ
considering	VBG
seeking	VBG
legislation	NN
which	WDT
would	MD
authorize	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
provide	VB
staff	NN
free	JJ
meals	NNS
in	IN
cases	NNS
where	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
work	VB
overtime	RB
without	IN
prior	JJ
notice	NN
.	.
The	DT
Agency	NNP
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
such	JJ
a	DT
practice	NN
would	MD
,	,
if	IN
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
,	,
be	VB
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Agency	NNP
,	,
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
appropriate	JJ
legislative	JJ
authority	NN
,	,
to	TO
provide	VB
or	CC
pay	VB
for	IN
employee	NN
meals	NNS
when	WRB
those	DT
employees	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
work	VB
unscheduled	JJ
emergency	NN
overtime	NN
.	.
This	DT
request	NN
deals	NNS
with	IN
another	DT
facet	NN
of	IN
the	DT
situation	NN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
dealt	VBD
with	IN
in	IN
A.O.	NNP
2000-27	CD
at	IN
its	PRP$
last	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
In	IN
that	DT
opinion	NN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
ruled	VBD
that	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
for	IN
a	DT
Member	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
City	NNP
Council	NNP
to	TO
vote	VB
in	IN
support	NN
of	IN
the	DT
interests	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
Foundation	NNP
which	WDT
was	VBD
a	DT
client	NN
of	IN
the	DT
law	NN
firm	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
member	NN
.	.
Here	RB
the	DT
requester	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
Council	NNP
Member	NNP
whose	WP$
spouse	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
that	DT
same	JJ
law	NN
firm	NN
.	.
She	PRP
asks	VBZ
if	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
for	IN
her	PRP$
to	TO
vote	VB
in	IN
support	NN
of	IN
the	DT
interests	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
Foundation	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
re-zoning	JJ
matter	NN
.	.
A	DT
privately-owned	JJ
public	JJ
utility	NN
has	VBZ
made	VBN
an	DT
offer	NN
to	TO
purchase	VB
a	DT
city	NN
's	POS
water	NN
system	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
sale	NN
must	MD
be	VB
approved	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
election	NN
of	IN
the	DT
city	NN
's	POS
voters	NNS
.	.
The	DT
utility	NN
has	VBZ
further	RBR
made	VBD
an	DT
unsolicited	JJ
offer	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
the	DT
election	NN
,	,
without	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
outcome	NN
of	IN
the	DT
vote	NN
.	.
The	DT
utility	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
seeking	VBG
any	DT
concession	NN
or	CC
quid	JJ
pro	JJ
quo	NN
from	IN
the	DT
city	NN
,	,
other	JJ
than	IN
holding	VBG
the	DT
election	NN
.	.
Member	NNP
individually	RB
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
no	DT
provision	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
the	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
from	IN
accepting	VBG
reimbursement	NN
,	,
should	MD
a	DT
majority	NN
determine	VB
that	DT
accepting	VBG
the	DT
offer	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
the	DT
costs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
election	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
interest	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
Agency	NNP
agrees	VBZ
to	TO
become	VB
a	DT
reference	NN
account	NN
,	,
the	DT
Vendor	NNP
will	MD
provide	VB
the	DT
Agency	NNP
an	DT
enhanced	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
support	NN
for	IN
the	DT
software	NN
,	,
provide	VB
more	JJR
direct	JJ
and	CC
influential	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
development	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
products	NNS
and	CC
give	VB
several	JJ
Agency	NNP
employees	NNS
advanced	VBD
training	NN
in	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
software	NN
,	,
which	WDT
would	MD
increase	VB
its	PRP$
value	NN
and	CC
utility	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Agency	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Licensing	NNP
Board	NNP
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
licensing	NN
and	CC
regulating	VBG
a	DT
professional	JJ
activity	NN
and	CC
for	IN
conducting	VBG
any	DT
necessary	JJ
disciplinary	JJ
proceedings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
are	VBP
paid	VBN
the	DT
same	JJ
compensation	NN
and	CC
expense	NN
reimbursement	NN
as	IN
is	VBZ
paid	VBN
to	TO
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
for	IN
their	PRP$
interim	JJ
duties	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
day	NN
or	CC
portion	NN
thereof	RB
engaged	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
discharge	VB
of	IN
official	JJ
duties	NNS
.	.
Similar	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
reference	NN
proposed	VBN
in	IN
A.O.	NNP
2000-19	CD
,	,
the	DT
proposed	VBN
indorsement	NN
presented	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
request	NN
involves	VBZ
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
simple	JJ
reference	NN
;	:
it	PRP
includes	VBZ
a	DT
subjective	JJ
evaluation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
product	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
training	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
affirmative	JJ
,	,
if	IN
not	RB
laudatory	JJ
,	,
terms	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
notes	VBZ
that	IN
,	,
consistent	JJ
with	IN
A.O.	NNP
98-22	CD
,	,
this	DT
opinion	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
intended	VBN
to	TO
prohibit	VB
the	DT
employee	NN
from	IN
giving	VBG
permission	NN
to	TO
list	VB
the	DT
employee	NN
and	CC
her	PRP$
State	NN
Agency	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
previous	JJ
customer	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Trainer	NN
.	.
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
vocational	JJ
programs	NNS
operated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
charges	VBZ
a	DT
shop	NN
fee	NN
to	TO
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
public	NN
who	WP
bring	VBP
in	RP
their	PRP$
vehicles	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
to	TO
repair	VB
.	.
The	DT
money	NN
from	IN
those	DT
fees	NNS
is	VBZ
placed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
fund	NN
upon	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
vocational	JJ
teacher	NN
draws	VBZ
to	TO
purchase	VB
parts	NNS
and	CC
supplies	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
shop	NN
.	.
No	DT
state	NN
or	CC
local	JJ
tax	NN
money	NN
is	VBZ
included	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
fund	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
past	NN
,	,
the	DT
teacher	NN
has	VBZ
purchased	VBN
certain	JJ
parts	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
auto	NN
shop	NN
program	NN
from	IN
a	DT
local	JJ
automobile	NN
dealer	NN
.	.
An	DT
employee	NN
of	IN
the	DT
dealer	NN
was	VBD
recently	RB
elected	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
The	DT
situation	NN
presented	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
request	NN
is	VBZ
analogous	JJ
to	TO
these	DT
previous	JJ
opinions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
who	WP
has	VBZ
a	DT
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
contracts	NNS
of	IN
his	PRP$
employer	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
involved	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
purchase	NN
decision	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
employee	NN
making	VBG
the	DT
purchases	NNS
is	VBZ
not	RB
spending	VBG
public	JJ
funds	NNS
controlled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
A	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
spend	VB
County	NNP
funds	NNS
to	TO
pay	VB
Chamber	NNP
of	IN
Commerce	NNP
dues	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
purchase	VB
tickets	NNS
for	IN
Chamber	NNP
luncheons	NNS
and	CC
annual	JJ
dinners	NNS
for	IN
Commissioners	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
County	NNP
Administrator	NNP
?	.
The	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
is	VBZ
interested	JJ
in	IN
membership	NN
in	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
Chamber	NNP
of	IN
Commerce	NNP
and	CC
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
become	VB
a	DT
dues	NNS
paying	VBG
member	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
feels	VBZ
membership	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Chamber	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
promotes	VBZ
community	NN
business	NN
interests	NNS
,	,
would	MD
benefit	VB
both	DT
the	DT
Commission	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Chamber	NNP
.	.
A	DT
newly-elected	JJ
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
has	VBZ
advised	VBN
the	DT
Board	NNP
that	IN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
severe	JJ
hearing	NN
impairment	NN
and	CC
asked	VBD
the	DT
Board	NNP
to	TO
purchase	VB
certain	JJ
amplification	NN
equipment	NN
which	WDT
she	PRP
believes	VBZ
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
to	TO
her	PRP$
effective	JJ
participation	NN
in	IN
Board	NNP
meetings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
has	VBZ
offered	VBN
to	TO
pay	VB
for	IN
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
the	DT
hearing	NN
aids	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
are	VBP
designed	VBN
for	IN
her	PRP$
individual	JJ
use	NN
and	CC
will	MD
become	VB
her	PRP$
personal	JJ
property	NN
.	.
She	PRP
will	MD
wear	VB
the	DT
hearing	NN
aids	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
daily	JJ
basis	NN
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
time	NN
she	PRP
spends	VBZ
attending	VBG
Board	NNP
meetings	NNS
.	.
An	DT
Assistant	NNP
Commissioner	NNP
of	IN
a	DT
State	NNP
Agency	NNP
asks	VBZ
if	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
for	IN
agency	NN
personnel	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
paid	VBN
to	TO
assist	VB
in	IN
preparing	VBG
for	IN
and	CC
presenting	VBG
the	DT
social	JJ
elements	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
regional	JJ
conference	NN
of	IN
an	DT
Association	NNP
to	TO
which	WDT
the	DT
Agency	NNP
belongs	VBZ
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
conference	NN
is	VBZ
primarily	RB
a	DT
business	NN
event	NN
,	,
the	DT
agenda	NN
includes	VBZ
social	JJ
events	NNS
geared	VBN
to	TO
spouses	NNS
and	CC
children	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
delegates	NNS
.	.
All	DT
conference	NN
events	NNS
are	VBP
funded	VBN
through	IN
registration	NN
and	CC
membership	NN
fees	NNS
and	CC
public	JJ
funds	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
used	VBN
to	TO
pay	VB
for	IN
either	DT
business	NN
or	CC
social	JJ
events	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
using	VBG
their	PRP$
public	JJ
positions	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
private	JJ
financial	JJ
gain	NN
or	CC
the	DT
private	JJ
financial	JJ
gain	NN
of	IN
others	NNS
.	.
This	DT
opinion	NN
turns	VBZ
on	IN
whether	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
paid	VBN
State	NNP
employees	NNS
to	TO
perform	VB
work	NN
associated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
upcoming	JJ
conference	NN
constitutes	VBZ
a	DT
prohibited	VBN
use	NN
of	IN
office	NN
for	IN
the	DT
private	JJ
gain	NN
of	IN
the	DT
delegates	NNS
,	,
their	PRP$
spouses	NNS
or	CC
children	NNS
.	.
In	IN
AO	NNP
95-18	CD
the	DT
Ethics	NNPS
Commission	NNP
recognized	VBD
the	DT
public	JJ
benefit	NN
from	IN
the	DT
business	NN
portion	NN
of	IN
a	DT
similar	JJ
conference	NN
and	CC
ruled	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
agency	NN
personnel	NNS
to	TO
sell	VB
advertising	NN
to	TO
reduce	VB
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
presenting	VBG
the	DT
core	NN
elements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
conference	NN
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
case	NN
the	DT
conference	NN
workshops	NNS
and	CC
business	NN
meetings	NNS
are	VBP
calculated	VBN
to	TO
enhance	VB
the	DT
skill	NN
and	CC
professional	JJ
competence	NN
of	IN
Agency	NNP
personnel	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
provide	VBP
an	DT
overriding	VBG
public	JJ
benefit	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
sufficient	JJ
to	TO
justify	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
Agency	NNP
personnel	NNS
to	TO
schedule	VB
and	CC
coordinate	VB
conference	NN
events	NNS
-	:
both	DT
business	NN
events	NNS
and	CC
those	DT
social	JJ
events	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
an	DT
integral	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
conference	NN
.	.
The	DT
candidate	NN
information	NN
which	WDT
appears	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
Site	NN
comes	VBZ
from	IN
a	DT
candidate	NN
information	NN
guide	NN
compiled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
League	NNP
of	IN
Women	NNP
Voters	NNPS
from	IN
information	NN
supplied	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
standard	JJ
format	NN
by	IN
the	DT
candidates	NNS
themselves	PRP
.	.
Among	IN
the	DT
four	CD
current	JJ
candidates	NNS
,	,
only	RB
the	DT
Member	NNP
has	VBZ
his	PRP$
own	JJ
web	NN
site	NN
.	.
The	DT
Member	NNP
believes	VBZ
that	IN
other	JJ
candidates	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
afforded	VBN
a	DT
direct	JJ
link	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
Site	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
campaign	NN
sites	NNS
,	,
if	IN
and	CC
when	WRB
they	PRP
develop	VBP
such	JJ
sites	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Town	NNP
is	VBZ
located	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
rural	JJ
area	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
An	DT
elected	VBN
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
Member	NNP
owns	VBZ
the	DT
only	JJ
hardware	NN
store	NN
in	IN
Town	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Town	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
making	VBG
purchases	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
hardware	NN
store	NN
for	IN
approximately	RB
thirty	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
30	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
years	NNS
.	.
Due	JJ
to	TO
ongoing	JJ
maintenance	NN
projects	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Town	NNP
,	,
frequent	JJ
trips	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
hardware	NN
store	NN
are	VBP
required	VBN
.	.
A	DT
plumbing	NN
store	NN
has	VBZ
also	RB
recently	RB
opened	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Town	NNP
.	.
The	DT
travel	NN
distance	NN
to	TO
the	DT
next	JJ
closest	JJS
hardware	NN
store	NN
is	VBZ
approximately	RB
thirteen	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
13	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
miles	NNS
.	.
The	DT
approximate	JJ
round	NN
trip	NN
travel	NN
time	NN
is	VBZ
one	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
hour	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
Town	NNP
is	VBZ
prohibited	VBN
from	IN
making	VBG
purchases	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
locally	RB
owned	VBN
hardware	NN
store	NN
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
Town	NNP
employees	NNS
will	MD
have	VB
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
twenty-six	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
26	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
mile	NN
round	NN
trip	NN
for	IN
the	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
hardware	NN
needs	VBZ
.	.
While	IN
some	DT
purchases	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
plumbing	NN
store	NN
,	,
this	DT
store	NN
carries	VBZ
a	DT
limited	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
basic	JJ
hardware	NN
supplies	NNS
.	.
Due	JJ
in	IN
part	NN
to	TO
rising	VBG
fuel	NN
costs	NNS
,	,
the	DT
IRS	NNP
has	VBZ
increased	VBN
the	DT
allowable	JJ
mileage	NN
expense	NN
reimbursement	NN
rate	NN
to	TO
forty	CD
cents	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
.40	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Applying	VBG
this	DT
rate	NN
,	,
the	DT
expense	NN
of	IN
making	VBG
a	DT
round	NN
trip	NN
to	TO
the	DT
next	JJ
closest	JJS
hardware	NN
store	NN
is	VBZ
ten	CD
dollars	NNS
and	CC
forty	CD
cents	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
$	$
10.40	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Maintenance	NN
projects	NNS
may	MD
require	VB
numerous	JJ
trips	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
hardware	NN
store	NN
for	IN
small	JJ
ticket	NN
items	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
screws	NNS
and	CC
nails	NNS
.	.
Oftentimes	RB
when	WRB
planning	VBG
a	DT
project	NN
or	CC
addressing	VBG
daily	JJ
maintenance	NN
needs	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
difficult	JJ
to	TO
predict	VB
with	IN
certainty	NN
which	WDT
hardware	NN
supplies	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
required	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
unreasonable	JJ
to	TO
require	VB
the	DT
Town	NNP
employees	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
twenty-six	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
26	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
mile	NN
round	NN
trip	NN
for	IN
every	DT
purchase	NN
.	.
Not	RB
only	RB
would	MD
such	JJ
daily	JJ
trips	NNS
be	VB
burdensome	JJ
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
also	RB
associated	VBN
vehicle	NN
and	CC
labor	NN
costs	NNS
.	.
Small	JJ
towns	NNS
have	VBP
a	DT
limited	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
employees	NNS
and	CC
financial	JJ
resources	NNS
.	.
Under	IN
the	DT
facts	NNS
presented	VBN
,	,
requiring	VBG
the	DT
Town	NNP
to	TO
make	VB
purchases	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
hardware	NN
store	NN
located	VBN
thirteen	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
13	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
miles	NNS
away	RB
would	MD
result	VB
in	IN
excessive	JJ
costs	NNS
and	CC
would	MD
create	VB
an	DT
undue	JJ
hardship	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
notes	VBZ
that	IN
exemptions	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
case-by-case	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
this	DT
opinion	NN
is	VBZ
limited	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
particular	JJ
case	NN
,	,
and	CC
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
relied	VBN
upon	IN
as	IN
a	DT
precedent	NN
by	IN
other	JJ
persons	NNS
.	.
A	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Member	NNP
is	VBZ
serving	VBG
without	IN
compensation	NN
as	IN
a	DT
middle	JJ
school	NN
assistant	NN
coach	NN
.	.
The	DT
WV	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Risk	NNP
and	CC
Insurance	NNP
Management	NNP
has	VBZ
determined	VBN
that	IN
volunteer	NN
coaches	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
a	DT
nominal	JJ
salary	NN
of	IN
$	$
1.00	CD
per	IN
year	NN
.	.
This	DT
policy	NN
is	VBZ
intended	VBN
to	TO
maintain	VB
existing	VBG
liability	NN
insurance	NN
coverage	NN
for	IN
the	DT
actions	NNS
of	IN
these	DT
coaches	NNS
.	.
A	DT
newly	RB
elected	VBN
County	NNP
Commissioner	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
minority	NN
shareholder	NN
in	IN
a	DT
holding	VBG
company	NN
which	WDT
owns	VBZ
the	DT
radio	NN
station	NN
.	.
The	DT
radio	NN
station	NN
charges	VBZ
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
one	CD
hundred	CD
dollars	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
$	$
100.00	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
per	IN
month	NN
for	IN
this	DT
service	NN
.	.
The	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
makes	VBZ
a	DT
lump	NN
sum	NN
payment	NN
once	RB
a	DT
year	NN
.	.
It	PRP
paid	VBD
the	DT
yearly	JJ
usage	NN
fee	NN
for	IN
2005	CD
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
newly	RB
elected	VBN
County	NNP
Commissioner	NNP
taking	VBG
office	NN
.	.
The	DT
County	NNP
Commissioner	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
receive	VB
any	DT
direct	JJ
remuneration	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agreement	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
notes	VBZ
that	IN
this	DT
decision	NN
is	VBZ
limited	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
particular	JJ
case	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
decision	NN
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
relied	VBN
upon	IN
by	IN
others	NNS
without	IN
having	VBG
first	JJ
consulted	VBN
with	IN
and	CC
received	VBD
written	VBN
confirmation	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Commission	NNP
.	.
Provided	VBN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
That	DT
nothing	NN
herein	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
construed	VBN
to	TO
prohibit	VB
...	:
a	DT
part-time	JJ
appointed	VBN
public	JJ
official	NN
from	IN
entering	VBG
into	IN
a	DT
contract	NN
which	WDT
such	JJ
part-time	JJ
appointed	VBN
public	JJ
official	NN
may	MD
have	VB
direct	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
or	CC
over	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
control	NN
when	WRB
such	JJ
official	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
recused	VBN
from	IN
deciding	VBG
or	CC
evaluating	VBG
and	CC
excused	VBN
from	IN
voting	VBG
on	IN
such	JJ
contract	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
fully	RB
disclosed	VBN
the	DT
extent	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
.	.
In	IN
Advisory	NNP
Opinion	NNP
98-26	CD
the	DT
Commission	NNP
found	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
had	VBD
carved	VBN
out	RP
an	DT
exemption	NN
from	IN
this	DT
prohibition	NN
for	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
County	NNP
Economic	NNP
Development	NNP
Authority	NNP
.	.
However	RB
,	,
no	DT
similar	JJ
exemption	NN
is	VBZ
contained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
statutes	NNS
governing	VBG
PSDs	NNP
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
no	DT
other	JJ
excavating	VBG
contractors	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
town	NN
.	.
The	DT
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
has	VBZ
contacted	VBN
4	CD
excavating	VBG
contractors	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
but	CC
they	PRP
are	VBP
either	RB
too	RB
busy	JJ
or	CC
not	RB
interested	JJ
in	IN
this	DT
particular	JJ
work	NN
.	.
The	DT
town	NN
pays	VBZ
$	$
45	CD
per	IN
hour	NN
for	IN
these	DT
excavation	NN
services	NNS
.	.
These	DT
services	NNS
are	VBP
often	RB
needed	VBN
on	IN
short	JJ
notice	NN
when	WRB
a	DT
leak	NN
or	CC
break	NN
is	VBZ
discovered	VBN
.	.
Based	VBN
upon	IN
over	IN
20	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
,	,
this	DT
particular	JJ
contractor	NN
is	VBZ
extremely	RB
familiar	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
location	NN
of	IN
the	DT
water	NN
lines	NNS
and	CC
shut-off	NN
valves	NNS
,	,
making	VBG
it	PRP
more	RBR
cost-efficient	JJ
to	TO
employ	VB
his	PRP$
business	NN
.	.
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Interests	NNS
in	IN
public	JJ
contracts	NNS
,	,
provides	VBZ
in	IN
part	NN
that	IN
...	:
no	DT
elected	VBN
or	CC
appointed	VBN
official	JJ
or	CC
employee	NN
or	CC
member	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
immediate	JJ
family	NN
or	CC
business	NN
with	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
associated	VBN
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
or	CC
have	VBP
an	DT
interest	NN
in	IN
...	:
a	DT
contract	NN
which	WDT
such	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
employee	NN
may	MD
have	VB
direct	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
,	,
or	CC
over	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
control	NN
...	:
Should	MD
it	PRP
become	VB
necessary	JJ
to	TO
change	VB
the	DT
rates	NNS
paid	VBN
for	IN
these	DT
excavating	VBG
services	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Town	NNP
Council	NNP
would	MD
need	VB
to	TO
request	VB
another	DT
waiver	NN
,	,
providing	VBG
specific	JJ
information	NN
to	TO
establish	VB
that	IN
,	,
absent	JJ
such	JJ
waiver	NN
,	,
the	DT
town	NN
would	MD
incur	VB
an	DT
undue	JJ
hardship	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
for	IN
an	DT
employee	NN
of	IN
a	DT
911	CD
system	NN
to	TO
serve	VB
on	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
board	NN
which	WDT
provides	VBZ
recommendations	NNS
on	IN
operating	NN
and	CC
staffing	NN
the	DT
system	NN
to	TO
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
.	.
``	``
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
statute	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
protect	VB
public	JJ
funds	NNS
,	,
and	CC
give	VB
official	JJ
recognition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
a	DT
person	NN
can	MD
not	RB
properly	RB
represent	VB
the	DT
public	NN
in	IN
transacting	VBG
business	NN
with	IN
himself	PRP
.	.
To	TO
permit	VB
such	JJ
conduct	NN
would	MD
open	VB
the	DT
door	NN
to	TO
fraud	NN
.	.
The	DT
statute	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
remove	VB
from	IN
public	JJ
officers	NNS
any	DT
and	CC
all	DT
temptation	NN
for	IN
personal	JJ
advantage	NN
...	:
''	''
A	DT
School	NNP
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
is	VBZ
employed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
company	NN
which	WDT
provides	VBZ
nursing	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
diabetic	JJ
children	NNS
under	IN
a	DT
contract	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
salaried	JJ
employee	NN
of	IN
the	DT
contractor	NN
without	IN
an	DT
ownership	NN
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
business	NN
.	.
Furthermore	RB
,	,
she	PRP
receives	VBZ
no	DT
commission	NN
under	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
system	NN
governed	VBN
by	IN
this	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
is	VBZ
presently	RB
under	IN
the	DT
control	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
Consequently	RB
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
Members	NNP
presently	RB
have	VBP
no	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
approve	VB
contracts	NNS
or	CC
payments	NNS
for	IN
services	NNS
rendered	VBN
under	IN
existing	VBG
contracts	NNS
.	.
The	DT
spouse	NN
and	CC
brother-in-law	NN
have	VBP
owned	VBN
the	DT
company	NN
for	IN
two	CD
years	NNS
.	.
During	IN
that	DT
time	NN
period	NN
,	,
and	CC
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
election	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
,	,
the	DT
company	NN
sold	VBD
approximately	RB
$	$
1,350.00	CD
worth	NN
of	IN
stone	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
That	DT
amount	NN
represents	VBZ
a	DT
limited	JJ
percentage	NN
of	IN
the	DT
total	JJ
annual	JJ
revenue	NN
of	IN
the	DT
company	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
Section	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
states	NNS
in	IN
pertinent	JJ
part	NN
that	WDT
...	:
no	DT
elected	VBN
public	JJ
official	NN
...	:
or	CC
business	NN
with	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
associated	VBN
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
or	CC
have	VBP
an	DT
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
profits	NNS
or	CC
benefits	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
contract	NN
which	WDT
such	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
employee	NN
may	MD
have	VB
direct	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
,	,
or	CC
over	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
control	NN
...	:
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
Section	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
states	NNS
in	IN
pertinent	JJ
part	NN
that	WDT
...	:
Where	WRB
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
subdivisions	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
subsection	NN
would	MD
result	VB
in	IN
the	DT
loss	NN
of	IN
quorum	NN
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
body	NN
or	CC
agency	NN
,	,
in	IN
excessive	JJ
cost	NN
,	,
undue	JJ
hardship	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
substantial	JJ
interference	NN
with	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
state	NN
,	,
county	NN
,	,
municipality	NN
,	,
county	NN
school	NN
board	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
governmental	JJ
agency	NN
,	,
the	DT
affected	JJ
governmental	JJ
body	NN
or	CC
agency	NN
may	MD
make	VB
written	VBN
application	NN
for	IN
an	DT
exemption	NN
...	:
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Code	NNP
Section	NNP
61-10-15	CD
states	NNS
in	IN
pertinent	JJ
part	NN
that	WDT
...	:
It	PRP
shall	MD
be	VB
unlawful	JJ
for	IN
any	DT
member	NN
of	IN
any	DT
county	NN
board	NN
...	:
to	TO
be	VB
or	CC
become	VB
pecuniarily	RB
interested	JJ
,	,
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
proceeds	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
contract	NN
or	CC
service	NN
or	CC
in	IN
furnishing	VBG
any	DT
supplies	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
for	IN
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
awarding	NN
or	CC
letting	VBG
of	IN
,	,
which	WDT
as	IN
such	JJ
member	NN
he	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
any	DT
voice	NN
,	,
influence	NN
or	CC
control	NN
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
case	NN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
considers	VBZ
the	DT
interest	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
's	POS
spouse	NN
in	IN
the	DT
potential	JJ
profits	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
to	TO
be	VB
more	JJR
than	IN
de	FW
minimis	FW
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
revenues	NNS
from	IN
potential	JJ
sales	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
board	NN
only	RB
represent	VBP
a	DT
limited	JJ
percentage	NN
of	IN
the	DT
total	JJ
revenues	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
company	NN
,	,
the	DT
actual	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
monies	NNS
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
are	VBP
,	,
under	IN
the	DT
facts	NNS
presented	VBN
,	,
more	JJR
than	IN
de	FW
minimis	FW
.	.
A	DT
building	NN
owned	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Prosecutor	NNP
is	VBZ
located	VBN
next	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
courthouse	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
other	JJ
building	NN
next	IN
to	TO
the	DT
courthouse	NN
or	CC
within	IN
close	JJ
proximity	NN
to	TO
the	DT
courthouse	NN
which	WDT
meets	VBZ
the	DT
space	NN
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
.	.
Commission	NNP
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
elects	VBZ
to	TO
expand	VB
its	PRP$
facilities	NNS
on	IN
adjacent	JJ
property	NN
,	,
the	DT
County	NNP
Prosecutor	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
only	JJ
real	JJ
estate	NN
owner	NN
whose	WP$
property	NN
and	CC
building	NN
meets	VBZ
their	PRP$
requirements	NNS
.	.
Commission	NNP
notes	VBZ
that	IN
this	DT
decision	NN
is	VBZ
limited	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
facts	NNS
and	CC
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
particular	JJ
case	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
decision	NN
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
relied	VBN
upon	IN
by	IN
others	NNS
without	IN
having	VBG
first	JJ
consulted	VBN
with	IN
and	CC
received	VBD
written	VBN
confirmation	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Commission	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
has	VBZ
limited	VBN
office	NN
space	NN
and	CC
a	DT
limited	JJ
budget	NN
.	.
The	DT
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
only	JJ
full-time	JJ
employee	NN
.	.
Due	JJ
to	TO
budget	NN
restraints	NNS
,	,
she	PRP
is	VBZ
only	RB
paid	VBN
to	TO
work	VB
thirty	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
30	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
hours	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
no	DT
permanent	JJ
part-time	JJ
employees	NNS
.	.
A	DT
temporary	JJ
part-time	JJ
employee	NN
was	VBD
recently	RB
hired	VBN
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
a	DT
contract	NN
basis	NN
.	.
Director	NNP
traveled	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
unit	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
once	RB
a	DT
week	NN
.	.
While	IN
more	JJR
frequent	JJ
trips	NNS
would	MD
have	VB
resulted	VBN
in	IN
better	JJR
service	NN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
,	,
time	NN
restraints	NNS
prevented	VBD
the	DT
Director	NNP
from	IN
getting	VBG
there	RB
more	RBR
frequently	RB
.	.
The	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
the	DT
storage	NN
unit	NN
is	VBZ
five	CD
dollars	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
$	$
5.00	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
less	JJR
per	IN
month	NN
than	IN
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
unit	NN
.	.
The	DT
greatest	JJS
benefit	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
is	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
Director	NNP
will	MD
incur	VB
less	JJR
travel	NN
time	NN
,	,
which	WDT
in	IN
turn	NN
allows	VBZ
her	PRP$
to	TO
devote	VB
more	JJR
time	NN
to	TO
her	PRP$
responsibilities	NNS
.	.
While	IN
in	IN
all	DT
likelihood	NN
the	DT
Director	NNP
would	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
allow	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
her	PRP$
space	NN
without	IN
charge	NN
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
believes	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
both	DT
fair	JJ
and	CC
reasonable	JJ
to	TO
compensate	VB
her	PRP$
for	IN
the	DT
space	NN
.	.
It	PRP
therefore	RB
seeks	VBZ
this	DT
waiver	NN
.	.
The	DT
Development	NNP
Authority	NNP
was	VBD
established	VBN
to	TO
promote	VB
economic	JJ
development	NN
in	IN
four	CD
counties	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
participating	VBG
municipalities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
governed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
13-member	JJ
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
who	WP
may	MD
be	VB
nominated	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
County	NNP
Commissioner	NNP
or	CC
Mayor	NNP
from	IN
a	DT
participating	VBG
county	NN
or	CC
municipality	NN
.	.
Any	DT
County	NNP
Commissioner	NNP
,	,
Mayor	NNP
,	,
or	CC
current	JJ
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
may	MD
veto	VB
any	DT
person	NN
so	RB
nominated	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
operates	VBZ
a	DT
Revolving	NNP
Loan	NNP
Program	NNP
financed	VBN
with	IN
grant	NN
money	NN
from	IN
a	DT
federal	JJ
commission	NN
.	.
A	DT
County	NNP
Commissioner	NNP
from	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
four	CD
participating	VBG
counties	NNS
owns	VBZ
a	DT
small	JJ
business	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
expressed	VBN
an	DT
interest	NN
in	IN
applying	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
loan	NN
through	IN
the	DT
program	NN
,	,
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
permissible	JJ
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Interests	NNS
in	IN
public	JJ
contracts	NNS
,	,
provides	VBZ
in	IN
part	NN
that	IN
...	:
no	DT
elected	VBN
or	CC
appointed	VBN
official	JJ
or	CC
employee	NN
or	CC
member	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
immediate	JJ
family	NN
or	CC
business	NN
with	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
associated	VBN
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
or	CC
have	VBP
an	DT
interest	NN
in	IN
...	:
a	DT
contract	NN
which	WDT
such	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
employee	NN
may	MD
have	VB
direct	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
,	,
or	CC
over	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
control	NN
...	:
The	DT
vocational	JJ
school	NN
considered	VBN
in	IN
Advisory	NNP
Opinion	NNP
96-29	CD
was	VBD
managed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
five-member	JJ
administrative	JJ
board	NN
.	.
Each	DT
participating	VBG
county	NN
designated	VBN
a	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
and	CC
their	PRP$
County	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
of	IN
Schools	NNP
to	TO
serve	VB
on	IN
that	DT
board	NN
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
matter	NN
,	,
three	CD
counties	NNS
jointly	RB
operate	VBP
a	DT
vocational	JJ
school	NN
through	IN
a	DT
seven-member	JJ
board	NN
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
a	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
and	CC
School	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
from	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
where	WRB
the	DT
vocational	JJ
school	NN
employee	NN
will	MD
be	VB
serving	VBG
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
plans	VBZ
to	TO
post	VB
an	DT
extra-curricular	JJ
position	NN
for	IN
an	DT
appropriately	RB
certified	VBN
teacher	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
remedial	JJ
instruction	NN
to	TO
selected	VBN
students	NNS
in	IN
Language	NN
Arts	NNS
and	CC
Mathematics	NNS
.	.
The	DT
spouse	NN
of	IN
a	DT
current	JJ
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
is	VBZ
qualified	VBN
to	TO
fill	VB
this	DT
position	NN
.	.
Board	NNP
members	NNS
,	,
members	NNS
elect	VBP
,	,
and	CC
those	DT
desiring	VBG
to	TO
become	VB
members	NNS
may	MD
make	VB
a	DT
written	VBN
request	NN
for	IN
such	JJ
an	DT
opinion	NN
.	.
Good	JJ
faith	NN
reliance	NN
upon	IN
a	DT
Commission	NNP
opinion	NN
that	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
position	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
bar	NN
to	TO
board	NN
membership	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
defense	NN
to	TO
civil	JJ
suits	NNS
or	CC
criminal	JJ
prosecution	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
holding	VBG
such	JJ
position	NN
.	.
Effective	JJ
July	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2003	CD
,	,
members	NNS
of	IN
county	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
are	VBP
not	RB
permitted	VBN
to	TO
hold	VB
another	DT
public	JJ
office	NN
,	,
unless	IN
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
receive	VB
compensation	NN
for	IN
serving	VBG
in	IN
that	DT
office	NN
;	:
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
primary	JJ
scope	NN
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
office	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
relate	VB
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
the	DT
requester	NN
is	VBZ
barred	VBN
from	IN
serving	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
unless	IN
he	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
compensated	VBN
for	IN
his	PRP$
service	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
primary	JJ
scope	NN
of	IN
this	DT
office	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
relate	VB
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
District	NNP
constitutes	VBZ
compensation	NN
which	WDT
renders	VBZ
the	DT
requester	NN
ineligible	JJ
to	TO
simultaneously	RB
serve	VB
on	IN
a	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
Soil	NNP
Conservation	NNP
District	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Supervisors	NNPS
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
the	DT
requester	NN
may	MD
not	RB
avoid	VB
the	DT
prohibition	NN
by	IN
declining	VBG
to	TO
accept	VB
such	JJ
compensation	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
or	CC
61-10-15	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
to	TO
contract	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Land	NNP
Trust	NNP
,	,
so	RB
long	RB
as	IN
his	PRP$
spouse	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
directly	RB
involved	VBN
in	IN
or	CC
paid	VBN
for	IN
providing	VBG
services	NNS
contracted	VBD
for	IN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
member	NN
may	MD
be	VB
involved	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
and	CC
vote	NN
on	IN
matters	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
Land	NNP
Trust	NNP
,	,
so	RB
long	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
deal	VB
with	IN
those	DT
involving	VBG
his	PRP$
spouse	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Board	NNP
may	MD
contract	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Land	NNP
Trust	NNP
,	,
so	RB
long	RB
as	IN
his	PRP$
spouse	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
directly	RB
involved	VBN
in	IN
and	CC
compensated	VBN
for	IN
providing	VBG
services	NNS
contracted	VBD
for	IN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
member	NN
may	MD
be	VB
involved	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
and	CC
vote	NN
on	IN
matters	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
Land	NNP
Trust	NNP
,	,
so	RB
long	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
deal	VB
with	IN
those	DT
involving	VBG
his	PRP$
spouse	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
is	VBZ
a	DT
criminal	JJ
statute	NN
governing	VBG
the	DT
activities	NNS
of	IN
certain	JJ
county	NN
personnel	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
school	NN
board	NN
members	NNS
,	,
superintendents	NNS
and	CC
treasurers	NNS
.	.
Like	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
applies	VBZ
to	TO
public	JJ
servants	NNS
,	,
their	PRP$
spouses	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
businesses	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
ownership	NN
interest	NN
.	.
Unlike	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
applies	VBZ
to	TO
businesses	NNS
which	WDT
employ	VBP
public	JJ
servants	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
spouses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Requester	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
newly	RB
elected	VBN
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
is	VBZ
employed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
sales	NNS
representative	NN
by	IN
a	DT
building	NN
products	NNS
distributor	NN
and	CC
he	PRP
sells	VBZ
to	TO
retail	JJ
building	NN
supply	NN
companies	NNS
in	IN
several	JJ
counties	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
his	PRP$
county	NN
of	IN
residence	NN
.	.
He	PRP
has	VBZ
no	DT
ownership	NN
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
company	NN
by	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
is	VBZ
employed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
product	NN
lines	NNS
handled	VBN
by	IN
his	PRP$
employer	NN
include	VBP
siding	NN
,	,
interior	JJ
finishing	VBG
products	NNS
,	,
doors	NNS
,	,
windows	NNS
,	,
skylights	NNS
,	,
flooring	NN
and	CC
deck	NN
components	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
receives	VBZ
commissions	NNS
on	IN
all	DT
sales	NNS
to	TO
his	PRP$
designated	VBN
customers	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
orders	NNS
called	VBN
into	IN
his	PRP$
employer	NN
without	IN
his	PRP$
involvement	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
knows	VBZ
to	TO
whom	WP
he	PRP
sells	VBZ
his	PRP$
products	NNS
,	,
but	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
know	VB
to	TO
whom	WP
his	PRP$
customers	NNS
sell	VBP
the	DT
products	NNS
he	PRP
has	VBZ
supplied	VBN
them	PRP
.	.
He	PRP
asks	VBZ
if	IN
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
a	DT
problem	NN
if	IN
materials	NNS
he	PRP
has	VBZ
sold	VBN
local	JJ
retailers	NNS
are	VBP
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
resold	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
or	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
resold	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
contractor	NN
for	IN
use	NN
in	IN
a	DT
Board	NNP
construction	NN
project	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
represents	VBZ
that	IN
while	IN
he	PRP
serves	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
his	PRP$
employer	NN
will	MD
not	RB
engage	VB
in	IN
any	DT
special	JJ
order	NN
sales	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
or	CC
for	IN
Board	NNP
projects	NNS
,	,
unless	IN
he	PRP
is	VBZ
entirely	RB
excluded	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
process	NN
-	:
that	WDT
is	VBZ
to	TO
say	VB
he	PRP
would	MD
receive	VB
no	DT
commission	NN
on	IN
the	DT
sale	NN
and	CC
would	MD
take	VB
no	DT
official	JJ
action	NN
as	IN
a	DT
Board	NNP
member	NN
in	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
approving	VBG
the	DT
purchase	NN
or	CC
paying	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
materials	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
both	DT
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
and	CC
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
for	IN
him	PRP
to	TO
sell	VB
building	NN
products	NNS
directly	RB
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
or	CC
to	TO
special	JJ
order	NN
materials	NNS
for	IN
one	CD
of	IN
his	PRP$
customers	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
Board	NNP
job	NN
and	CC
receive	VB
a	DT
commission	NN
from	IN
the	DT
sale	NN
.	.
During	IN
its	PRP$
Regular	JJ
2002	CD
Session	NN
,	,
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
amended	VBD
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
to	TO
allow	VB
agencies	NNS
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
businesses	NNS
which	WDT
employ	VBP
agency	NN
personnel	NNS
or	CC
their	PRP$
spouses	NNS
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
conditions	NNS
of	IN
subsection	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
met	VBN
.	.
Stated	VBN
simply	RB
,	,
those	DT
conditions	NNS
exclude	VBP
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
involvement	NN
in	IN
awarding	VBG
or	CC
paying	VBG
for	IN
agency	NN
contracts	NNS
and	CC
require	VBP
that	IN
neither	DT
they	PRP
nor	CC
their	PRP$
spouses	NNS
benefit	VBP
directly	RB
from	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Both	DT
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
and	CC
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
prohibit	VBP
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
being	VBG
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
,	,
or	CC
having	VBG
a	DT
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
,	,
a	DT
public	JJ
contract	NN
,	,
purchase	NN
or	CC
sale	NN
which	WDT
their	PRP$
public	JJ
position	NN
gives	VBZ
them	PRP
authority	NN
to	TO
award	NN
or	CC
control	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
is	VBZ
a	DT
criminal	JJ
misdemeanor	NN
statute	NN
which	WDT
applies	VBZ
only	RB
to	TO
certain	JJ
county	NN
personnel	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
county	NN
solid	JJ
waste	NN
authority	NN
boards	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Commission	NNP
has	VBZ
recognized	VBN
instances	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
agencies	NNS
may	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
do	VB
business	NN
under	IN
the	DT
terms	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
contract	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
an	DT
agency	NN
member	NN
has	VBZ
an	DT
otherwise	RB
prohibited	VBN
personal	JJ
financial	JJ
interest	NN
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
was	VBD
OK	JJ
when	WRB
entered	VBN
into	IN
-	:
where	WRB
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
the	DT
public	JJ
servant	NN
had	VBD
no	DT
control	NN
over	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
execution	NN
.	.
The	DT
Member	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
physician	NN
who	WP
maintains	VBZ
a	DT
private	JJ
medical	JJ
practice	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
employed	VBN
part-time	JJ
by	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
hospital	NN
,	,
the	DT
only	RB
one	CD
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
.	.
He	PRP
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
certain	JJ
associations	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
and	CC
the	DT
Board	NNP
may	MD
pose	VB
a	DT
problem	NN
with	IN
his	PRP$
continued	JJ
service	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
Unlike	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
,	,
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
does	VBZ
apply	VB
to	TO
businesses	NNS
by	IN
which	WDT
public	JJ
servants	NNS
or	CC
members	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
immediate	JJ
families	NNS
are	VBP
employed	VBN
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
ownership	NN
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
business	NN
which	WDT
employs	VBZ
them	PRP
.	.
In	IN
most	JJS
situations	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
for	IN
a	DT
school	NN
board	NN
to	TO
contract	NN
with	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
of	IN
one	CD
of	IN
its	PRP$
members	NNS
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
case	NN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
clear	JJ
whether	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
can	MD
locate	VB
a	DT
suitable	JJ
alternative	NN
source	NN
of	IN
drug	NN
testing	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
notes	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
tests	NNS
themselves	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
done	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
hospital	NN
,	,
but	CC
by	IN
an	DT
outside	JJ
lab	NN
.	.
Nor	CC
is	VBZ
it	PRP
clear	JJ
whether	IN
blood	NN
alcohol	NN
tests	NNS
could	MD
be	VB
performed	VBN
by	IN
others	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
community	NN
,	,
or	CC
in	IN
reasonable	JJ
proximity	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
in	IN
this	DT
situation	NN
the	DT
Ethics	NNPS
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
non-profit	JJ
hospital	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
public	JJ
agency	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
employment	NN
contracts	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
public	JJ
contracts	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
subject	NN
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Candidate	NNP
to	TO
serve	VB
on	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
while	IN
a	DT
hospital	NN
employee	NN
.	.
No	DT
provision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
would	MD
prevent	VB
the	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
from	IN
serving	VBG
,	,
without	IN
compensation	NN
,	,
as	IN
a	DT
volunteer	NN
judge	NN
of	IN
school	NN
speech	NN
competitions	NNS
,	,
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
her	PRP$
child	NN
participated	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
competition	NN
.	.
The	DT
private	JJ
school	NN
by	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
Principal	NN
is	VBZ
employed	VBN
receives	VBZ
Federally	RB
funded	VBN
services	NNS
and	CC
benefits	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Principal	NN
asks	VBZ
whether	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
either	CC
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
or	CC
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
for	IN
him	PRP
to	TO
serve	VB
on	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
while	IN
employed	VBN
as	IN
Principal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
private	JJ
school	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
either	CC
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
or	CC
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
for	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
school	NN
principal	NN
to	TO
serve	VB
on	IN
a	DT
county	NN
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
simply	RB
because	IN
the	DT
school	NN
received	VBD
Federally	RB
mandated	VBN
benefits	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
provides	VBZ
in	IN
pertinent	JJ
part	NN
:	:
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
section	NN
fifteen	CD
,	,
article	NN
ten	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
sixty-one	CD
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
,	,
no	DT
elected	VBN
or	CC
appointed	VBN
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
or	CC
member	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
immediate	JJ
family	NN
or	CC
business	NN
with	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
associated	VBN
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
or	CC
have	VBP
an	DT
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
profits	NNS
or	CC
benefits	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
contract	NN
which	WDT
such	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
employee	NN
may	MD
have	VB
direct	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
,	,
or	CC
over	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
control	NN
...	:
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
states	NNS
in	IN
pertinent	JJ
part	NN
:	:
It	PRP
shall	MD
be	VB
unlawful	JJ
for	IN
any	DT
member	NN
...	:
of	IN
any	DT
...	:
county	NN
or	CC
district	NN
board	NN
...	:
to	TO
be	VB
or	CC
become	VB
pecuniarily	RB
interested	JJ
,	,
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
proceeds	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
contract	NN
or	CC
service	NN
,	,
or	CC
in	IN
furnishing	VBG
any	DT
supplies	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
for	IN
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
awarding	NN
or	CC
letting	VBG
of	IN
,	,
which	WDT
as	IN
such	JJ
member	NN
...	:
he	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
any	DT
voice	NN
,	,
influence	NN
or	CC
control	NN
...	:
The	DT
County	NNP
Housing	NNP
Authority	NNP
administers	VBZ
several	JJ
housing	NN
related	VBN
programs	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
one	CD
which	WDT
subsidizes	VBZ
the	DT
rent	NN
for	IN
low	JJ
income	NN
families	NNS
.	.
Qualifying	VBG
families	NNS
select	VBP
their	PRP$
place	NN
of	IN
residence	NN
and	CC
the	DT
Authority	NNP
enters	VBZ
into	IN
a	DT
lease	NN
with	IN
the	DT
property	NN
owner	NN
and	CC
pays	VBZ
a	DT
rent	NN
subsidy	NN
directly	RB
to	TO
the	DT
property	NN
owner	NN
from	IN
funds	NNS
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
federal	JJ
housing	NN
program	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
provides	VBZ
in	IN
part	NN
that	IN
...	:
a	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
may	MD
not	RB
knowingly	RB
and	CC
intentionally	RB
use	VB
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
office	NN
or	CC
the	DT
prestige	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
office	NN
for	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
own	JJ
private	JJ
gain	NN
or	CC
that	IN
of	IN
another	DT
person	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
is	VBZ
a	DT
criminal	JJ
misdemeanor	NN
statute	NN
which	WDT
applies	VBZ
to	TO
county	NN
personnel	NNS
.	.
Both	DT
it	PRP
and	CC
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibit	VBP
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
being	VBG
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
,	,
or	CC
having	VBG
a	DT
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
,	,
a	DT
public	JJ
contract	NN
,	,
purchase	NN
or	CC
sale	NN
over	IN
which	WDT
their	PRP$
public	JJ
position	NN
gives	VBZ
them	PRP
control	NN
.	.
These	DT
provisions	NNS
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
prevent	VB
both	DT
actual	JJ
misconduct	NN
in	IN
awarding	VBG
public	JJ
contracts	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
impropriety	NN
inherent	JJ
in	IN
public	JJ
servants	NNS
awarding	VBG
public	JJ
contracts	NNS
to	TO
themselves	PRP
or	CC
those	DT
with	IN
whom	WP
they	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
financial	JJ
association	NN
.	.
The	DT
provisions	NNS
steer	VBP
public	JJ
servants	NNS
away	RB
from	IN
situations	NNS
where	WRB
they	PRP
might	MD
need	VB
to	TO
consider	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
financial	JJ
interests	NNS
in	IN
awarding	VBG
agency	NN
contracts	NNS
.	.
Requester	NNP
assumed	VBD
her	PRP$
role	NN
as	IN
Interim	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
rules	NNS
that	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
or	CC
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
to	TO
continue	VB
buying	VBG
dairy	NN
products	NNS
under	IN
the	DT
existing	VBG
contract	NN
,	,
so	RB
long	RB
as	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
modification	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
terms	NNS
.	.
In	IN
July	NNP
2000	CD
,	,
prior	RB
to	TO
her	PRP$
employment	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
a	DT
business	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
Requester	NNP
has	VBZ
a	DT
substantial	JJ
ownership	NN
interest	NN
bid	NN
and	CC
received	VBD
the	DT
contract	NN
to	TO
supply	VB
diesel	NN
fuel	NN
and	CC
gasoline	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
The	DT
contract	NN
was	VBD
for	IN
one	CD
year	NN
beginning	VBG
in	IN
August	NNP
2000	CD
and	CC
ending	VBG
in	IN
August	NNP
2001	CD
.	.
The	DT
Requester	NNP
asks	VBZ
if	IN
her	PRP$
employment	NN
as	IN
Assistant	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
or	CC
as	IN
Superintendent	NNP
will	MD
prevent	VB
the	DT
Board	NNP
from	IN
continuing	VBG
to	TO
purchase	VB
fuel	NN
under	IN
the	DT
terms	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
existing	VBG
contract	NN
.	.
She	PRP
understands	VBZ
that	IN
her	PRP$
association	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
prevents	VBZ
the	DT
Board	NNP
from	IN
contracting	VBG
with	IN
her	PRP$
company	NN
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
and	CC
a	DT
new	JJ
contract	NN
with	IN
another	DT
vendor	NN
will	MD
be	VB
entered	VBN
into	IN
.	.
Students	NNS
with	IN
speech	NN
and	CC
language	NN
deficiencies	NNS
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
for	IN
therapy	NN
provided	VBN
by	IN
public	JJ
school	NN
speech	NN
therapists	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Pathologist	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
speech	NN
therapist	NN
whose	WP$
regular	JJ
duties	NNS
include	VBP
testing	NN
students	NNS
,	,
from	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
to	TO
which	WDT
he	PRP
is	VBZ
assigned	VBN
,	,
for	IN
speech	NN
and	CC
language	NN
deficiencies	NNS
and	CC
providing	VBG
appropriate	JJ
therapy	NN
to	TO
the	DT
students	NNS
from	IN
those	DT
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Pathologist	NNP
asks	VBZ
if	IN
he	PRP
may	MD
,	,
when	WRB
his	PRP$
case	NN
load	NN
reaches	VBZ
50	CD
,	,
contract	NN
with	IN
the	DT
county	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
therapy	NN
on	IN
his	PRP$
own	JJ
time	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
entitled	VBN
to	TO
therapy	NN
but	CC
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
handled	VBN
by	IN
him	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
regular	JJ
job	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
Pathologist	NNP
has	VBZ
neither	CC
the	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
award	NN
speech	NN
therapy	NN
contracts	NNS
,	,
nor	CC
voice	NN
,	,
influence	NN
or	CC
control	NN
over	IN
the	DT
award	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
contracts	NNS
-	:
even	RB
those	DT
for	IN
students	NNS
the	DT
Pathologist	NNP
may	MD
have	VB
tested	VBN
and	CC
certified	VBN
as	IN
eligible	NN
for	IN
therapy	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
either	CC
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
or	CC
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
for	IN
him	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
to	TO
provide	VB
therapy	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
after	IN
his	PRP$
normal	JJ
work	NN
day	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
states	NNS
in	IN
part	NN
that	IN
...	:
It	PRP
shall	MD
be	VB
unlawful	JJ
for	IN
any	DT
member	NN
of	IN
a	DT
county	NN
commission	NN
...	:
to	TO
be	VB
or	CC
become	VB
pecuniarily	RB
interested	JJ
,	,
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
proceeds	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
contract	NN
...	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
over	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
which	WDT
as	IN
such	JJ
member	NN
he	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
any	DT
voice	NN
,	,
influence	NN
or	CC
control	NN
...	:
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
prohibits	VBZ
certain	JJ
county	NN
personnel	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
county	NN
commissioners	NNS
,	,
from	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
direct	JJ
or	CC
indirect	JJ
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
contract	NN
over	IN
which	WDT
their	PRP$
public	JJ
position	NN
gives	VBZ
them	PRP
control	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
that	IN
provision	NN
contains	VBZ
an	DT
express	JJ
exemption	NN
for	IN
legally	RB
required	VBN
newspaper	NN
publications	NNS
.	.
Like	IN
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
,	,
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
being	VBG
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
or	CC
having	VBG
a	DT
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
contract	NN
which	WDT
they	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
power	NN
to	TO
award	NN
or	CC
control	NN
.	.
This	DT
prohibition	NN
makes	VBZ
it	PRP
unlawful	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
to	TO
contract	NN
for	IN
services	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
business	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
one	CD
of	IN
its	PRP$
members	NNS
has	VBZ
a	DT
substantial	JJ
ownership	NN
interest	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
considering	VBG
whether	IN
to	TO
transfer	VB
or	CC
sell	VB
certain	JJ
of	IN
its	PRP$
health	NN
care	NN
delivery	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
chose	VBD
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
,	,
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
service	NN
providers	NNS
which	WDT
might	MD
be	VB
interested	JJ
in	IN
assuming	VBG
or	CC
acquiring	VBG
those	DT
activities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
their	PRP$
assets	NNS
,	,
is	VBZ
partially	RB
owned	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
not	RB
for	IN
profit	NN
health	NN
care	NN
corporation	NN
on	IN
whose	WP$
board	NN
the	DT
Health	NNP
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
also	RB
serves	VBZ
.	.
The	DT
Member	NNP
asks	VBZ
if	IN
he	PRP
may	MD
take	VB
part	NN
in	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
and	CC
vote	NN
on	IN
these	DT
issues	NNS
and	CC
whether	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
or	CC
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
if	IN
the	DT
Health	NNP
Department	NNP
sold	VBD
or	CC
transferred	VBD
its	PRP$
public	JJ
assets	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
service	NN
provider	NN
partially	RB
owned	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
health	NN
care	NN
corporation	NN
.	.
Legislative	JJ
Rules	NNS
158-9-2	CD
.1	CD
provides	VBZ
in	IN
part	NN
that	IN
...	:
A	DT
public	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
may	MD
not	RB
vote	VB
on	IN
or	CC
decide	VB
a	DT
matter	NN
...	:
when	WRB
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
has	VBZ
any	DT
pecuniary	JJ
interest	NN
either	CC
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
in	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
or	CC
is	VBZ
affected	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
which	WDT
may	MD
influence	VB
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
vote	NN
or	CC
would	MD
clearly	RB
give	VB
the	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
impropriety	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
is	VBZ
considering	VBG
establishing	VBG
a	DT
high	JJ
school	NN
swim	VBP
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
indoor	JJ
pool	NN
within	IN
25	CD
miles	NNS
,	,
the	DT
only	JJ
pool	NN
which	WDT
could	MD
reasonably	RB
be	VB
utilized	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
team	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
owned	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
college	NN
which	WDT
employs	VBZ
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
The	DT
college	NN
would	MD
charge	VB
the	DT
Board	NNP
a	DT
daily	JJ
fee	NN
of	IN
from	IN
$	$
10	CD
to	TO
$	$
25	CD
depending	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
using	VBG
the	DT
pool	NN
.	.
Membership	NN
of	IN
a	DT
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
matter	NN
of	IN
high	JJ
public	JJ
trust	NN
charged	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
sacred	JJ
governmental	JJ
duty	NN
known	VBN
to	TO
us	PRP
.	.
The	DT
office	NN
should	MD
be	VB
filled	VBN
by	IN
persons	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
highest	JJS
character	NN
procurable	JJ
and	CC
our	PRP$
Legislature	NNP
has	VBZ
undertaken	VBN
to	TO
throw	VB
safeguards	NNS
around	IN
that	DT
office	NN
in	IN
order	NN
that	IN
the	DT
discharge	VB
of	IN
its	PRP$
high	JJ
responsibilities	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
jeopardized	VBN
as	RB
little	JJ
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
Code	NNP
,	,
61-10-15	CD
,	,
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
these	DT
safeguards	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
forbids	VBZ
a	DT
pecuniary	JJ
interest	NN
by	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
in	IN
any	DT
contract	NN
with	IN
the	DT
board	NN
.	.
As	IN
we	PRP
have	VBP
already	RB
pointed	VBN
out	RP
,	,
it	PRP
goes	VBZ
far	RB
beyond	IN
imposing	VBG
a	DT
penalty	NN
upon	IN
actual	JJ
corruption	NN
.	.
It	PRP
recognizes	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
policy	NN
that	IN
a	DT
pecuniary	JJ
interest	NN
might	MD
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
many	JJ
instances	NNS
would	MD
,	,
subject	JJ
members	NNS
of	IN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
harmful	JJ
suspicion	NN
of	IN
corruption	NN
and	CC
that	IN
in	IN
some	DT
instances	NNS
there	RB
would	MD
be	VB
created	VBN
a	DT
borderland	NN
where	WRB
the	DT
distinction	NN
between	IN
honesty	NN
and	CC
corruption	NN
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
pronounced	VBN
.	.
Wishing	VBG
to	TO
avoid	VB
discriminations	NNS
that	WDT
might	MD
result	VB
from	IN
considering	VBG
the	DT
question	NN
of	IN
degree	NN
,	,
our	PRP$
Legislature	NNP
very	RB
wisely	RB
forbade	VBD
members	NNS
of	IN
boards	NNS
of	IN
education	NN
from	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
pecuniary	JJ
interest	NN
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
in	IN
any	DT
sort	NN
of	IN
contract	NN
with	IN
a	DT
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
were	VBD
a	DT
member	NN
,	,
providing	VBG
that	IN
it	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
a	DT
criminal	JJ
offense	NN
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
.	.
City	NNP
Council	NNP
Member	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
attorney	NN
engaged	VBN
in	IN
private	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
The	DT
Member	NNP
's	POS
law	NN
firm	NN
represents	VBZ
the	DT
Foundation	NNP
generally	RB
,	,
but	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
represent	VB
the	DT
Foundation	NNP
in	IN
this	DT
matter	NN
.	.
The	DT
Member	NNP
's	POS
law	NN
firm	NN
also	RB
represents	VBZ
another	DT
corporation	NN
which	WDT
has	VBZ
an	DT
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
issue	NN
before	IN
Council	NNP
.	.
However	RB
,	,
that	IN
corporation	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
the	DT
matter	NN
pending	VBG
before	IN
City	NNP
Council	NNP
.	.
In	IN
Advisory	NNP
Opinion	NNP
98-02	CD
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
addressed	VBD
a	DT
similar	JJ
situation	NN
involving	VBG
a	DT
pending	VBG
vote	NN
by	IN
a	DT
lawyer	NN
serving	VBG
on	IN
a	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
.	.
In	IN
that	DT
instance	NN
,	,
the	DT
individual	JJ
and	CC
his	PRP$
law	NN
firm	NN
had	VBD
represented	VBN
companies	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
President	NNP
of	IN
a	DT
foundation	NN
with	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
pending	VBG
before	IN
City	NNP
Council	NNP
was	VBD
an	DT
officer	NN
.	.
Applying	VBG
an	DT
earlier	JJR
Advisory	NNP
Opinion	NNP
governing	VBG
voting	NN
,	,
A.O.	NNP
91-38	CD
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
concluded	VBD
that	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
requester	NN
to	TO
vote	VB
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Interests	NNS
in	IN
public	JJ
contracts	NNS
,	,
provides	VBZ
in	IN
part	NN
that	IN
...	:
no	DT
elected	VBN
or	CC
appointed	VBN
official	JJ
or	CC
employee	NN
...	:
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
or	CC
have	VBP
an	DT
interest	NN
in	IN
...	:
a	DT
contract	NN
which	WDT
such	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
employee	NN
may	MD
have	VB
direct	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
,	,
or	CC
over	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
control	NN
:	:
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	DT
nothing	NN
herein	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
construed	VBN
to	TO
prevent	VB
or	CC
make	VB
unlawful	JJ
the	DT
employment	NN
of	IN
any	DT
person	NN
with	IN
any	DT
governmental	JJ
body	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
is	VBZ
a	DT
criminal	JJ
misdemeanor	NN
statute	NN
which	WDT
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
direct	JJ
or	CC
indirect	JJ
pecuniary	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
public	JJ
contracts	NNS
which	WDT
their	PRP$
public	JJ
positions	NNS
give	VBP
them	PRP
the	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
award	NN
.	.
The	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
have	VBP
the	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
award	NN
Board	NNP
contracts	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
those	DT
for	IN
the	DT
employment	NN
of	IN
coaches	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
compensated	VBN
for	IN
his	PRP$
work	NN
as	IN
coach	NN
,	,
he	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
no	DT
pecuniary	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
coaching	NN
contract	NN
and	CC
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
do	VBP
not	RB
apply	VB
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
for	IN
him	PRP
to	TO
coach	NN
without	IN
compensation	NN
.	.
These	DT
provisions	NNS
steer	VBP
public	JJ
servants	NNS
away	RB
from	IN
situations	NNS
where	WRB
they	PRP
might	MD
need	VB
to	TO
consider	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
financial	JJ
interests	NNS
in	IN
awarding	VBG
agency	NN
contracts	NNS
.	.
Both	DT
would	MD
prevent	VB
the	DT
Board	NNP
from	IN
entering	VBG
into	IN
a	DT
service	NN
contract	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Member	NNP
,	,
now	RB
that	IN
he	PRP
is	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
ruled	VBD
that	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
to	TO
continue	VB
to	TO
purchase	VB
books	NNS
during	IN
the	DT
balance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
term	NN
of	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
,	,
since	IN
neither	CC
the	DT
superintendent	NN
nor	CC
his	PRP$
spouse	NN
had	VBD
an	DT
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
it	PRP
was	VBD
entered	VBN
into	IN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
law	NN
provides	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
creation	NN
of	IN
both	DT
county	NN
airport	NN
authorities	NNS
and	CC
regional	JJ
airport	NN
authorities	NNS
.	.
County	NNP
authorities	NNS
are	VBP
established	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
commission	NN
.	.
Regional	NNP
authorities	NNS
,	,
comprised	VBN
of	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
counties	NNS
joined	VBD
with	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
municipalities	NNS
are	VBP
public	JJ
corporations	NNS
governed	VBN
by	IN
representatives	NNS
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
entities	NNS
they	PRP
represent	VBP
.	.
The	DT
local	JJ
planning	NN
districts	NNS
are	VBP
operated	VBN
by	IN
planning	VBG
committees	NNS
members	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
appointed	VBN
by	IN
and	CC
report	VB
to	TO
the	DT
State	NNP
Commission	NNP
.	.
The	DT
authority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
planning	NN
districts	NNS
is	VBZ
confined	VBN
to	TO
implementing	VBG
the	DT
federal	JJ
statutes	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
level	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
financial	JJ
support	NN
comes	VBZ
from	IN
federal	JJ
grant	NN
proceeds	NNS
awarded	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Commission	NNP
;	:
they	PRP
receive	VBP
no	DT
county	NN
tax	NN
revenues	NNS
.	.
The	DT
planning	NN
districts	NNS
are	VBP
responsible	JJ
for	IN
collecting	VBG
information	NN
,	,
preparing	VBG
studies	NNS
and	CC
developing	VBG
plans	NNS
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
emergency	NN
situations	NNS
arising	VBG
in	IN
their	PRP$
respective	JJ
geographic	JJ
areas	NNS
.	.
Five	CD
of	IN
the	DT
districts	NNS
are	VBP
composed	VBN
of	IN
two	CD
counties	NNS
;	:
the	DT
other	JJ
districts	NNS
are	VBP
single	JJ
county	NN
entities	NNS
.	.
Some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
districts	NNS
have	VBP
experienced	VBN
some	DT
difficulty	NN
in	IN
finding	VBG
qualified	VBN
local	JJ
people	NNS
to	TO
do	VB
this	DT
work	NN
,	,
and	CC
have	VB
had	VBN
to	TO
contract	NN
with	IN
those	DT
from	IN
another	DT
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
State	NN
,	,
because	IN
many	JJ
of	IN
those	DT
with	IN
the	DT
necessary	JJ
qualifications	NNS
are	VBP
serving	VBG
as	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
district	NN
committees	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
asks	VBZ
if	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
district	NN
committees	NNS
are	VBP
permitted	VBN
to	TO
hire	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
committee	NN
members	NNS
to	TO
do	VB
this	DT
work	NN
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
being	VBG
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
,	,
or	CC
having	VBG
a	DT
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
,	,
a	DT
public	JJ
contract	NN
,	,
purchase	NN
or	CC
sale	NN
which	WDT
their	PRP$
public	JJ
position	NN
gives	VBZ
them	PRP
the	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
award	NN
or	CC
control	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
,	,
a	DT
criminal	JJ
misdemeanor	NN
statute	NN
,	,
contains	VBZ
a	DT
similar	JJ
prohibition	NN
against	IN
certain	JJ
county	NN
personnel	NNS
having	VBG
a	DT
direct	JJ
or	CC
indirect	JJ
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
county	NN
contracts	NNS
,	,
purchases	NNS
or	CC
sales	NNS
over	IN
which	WDT
their	PRP$
public	JJ
position	NN
gives	VBZ
them	PRP
voice	NN
,	,
influence	NN
or	CC
control	NN
.	.
This	DT
prohibition	NN
applies	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
county	NN
or	CC
district	NN
boards	NNS
and	CC
county	NN
or	CC
district	NN
officers	NNS
.	.
Commission	NNP
which	WDT
appoints	VBZ
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
governing	VBG
committees	NNS
.	.
The	DT
mission	NN
of	IN
a	DT
planning	NN
district	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
carry	VB
out	RP
the	DT
mandate	NN
of	IN
a	DT
federal	JJ
law	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
activities	NNS
are	VBP
financed	VBN
by	IN
federal	JJ
funds	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
being	VBG
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
or	CC
having	VBG
an	DT
interest	NN
in	IN
a	DT
contract	NN
they	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
authority	NN
to	TO
award	NN
or	CC
control	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
This	DT
prohibition	NN
applies	VBZ
to	TO
State	NNP
,	,
county	NN
and	CC
municipal	JJ
personnel	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
exempted	VBD
part-time	JJ
appointed	VBN
officials	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
prohibition	NN
,	,
if	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
disclosed	VBN
their	PRP$
interest	NN
in	IN
a	DT
contract	NN
and	CC
been	VBN
recused	VBN
from	IN
considering	VBG
and	CC
voting	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
transaction	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
another	DT
provision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
which	WDT
bears	VBZ
on	IN
this	DT
question	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
prohibits	VBZ
public	JJ
servants	NNS
from	IN
using	VBG
the	DT
influence	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
position	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
private	JJ
financial	JJ
gain	NN
or	CC
the	DT
private	JJ
financial	JJ
gain	NN
of	IN
another	DT
.	.
Special	JJ
care	NN
must	MD
be	VB
exercised	VBN
in	IN
proceedings	NNS
which	WDT
result	VBP
in	IN
contracts	NNS
between	IN
a	DT
planning	NN
district	NN
and	CC
one	CD
of	IN
its	PRP$
members	NNS
,	,
so	RB
as	IN
to	TO
prevent	VB
any	DT
suggestion	NN
of	IN
favoritism	NN
between	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
body	NN
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
this	DT
provision	NN
for	IN
planning	VBG
committee	NN
members	NNS
to	TO
give	VB
a	DT
fellow	JJ
committee	NN
member	NN
preferential	JJ
treatment	NN
or	CC
unwarranted	JJ
consideration	NN
in	IN
awarding	VBG
contracts	NNS
.	.
While	IN
an	DT
agency	NN
may	MD
not	RB
lessen	VB
the	DT
standards	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
add	VB
rules	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
it	PRP
deems	VBZ
necessary	JJ
to	TO
accommodate	VB
potential	JJ
problems	NNS
or	CC
situations	NNS
unique	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
agency	NN
and	CC
to	TO
preserve	VB
the	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
propriety	NN
in	IN
the	DT
conduct	NN
of	IN
agency	NN
business	NN
.	.
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
6B-2-5	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
provides	VBZ
in	IN
pertinent	JJ
part	NN
that	WDT
...	:
no	DT
elected	VBN
or	CC
appointed	VBN
official	JJ
or	CC
public	JJ
employee	NN
or	CC
member	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
immediate	JJ
family	NN
or	CC
business	NN
with	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
associated	VBN
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
or	CC
have	VBP
an	DT
interest	NN
in	IN
...	:
a	DT
contract	NN
which	WDT
such	JJ
official	NN
or	CC
employee	NN
may	MD
have	VB
direct	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
,	,
or	CC
over	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
control	NN
...	:
Even	RB
where	WRB
their	PRP$
financial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
Board	NNP
business	NN
with	IN
their	PRP$
employer	NN
is	VBZ
negligible	JJ
,	,
their	PRP$
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
financial	JJ
health	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
employer	NN
is	VBZ
substantial	JJ
and	CC
confronts	VBZ
Board	NNP
members	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
type	NN
of	IN
divided	VBN
loyalty	NN
that	IN
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
was	VBD
created	VBN
to	TO
avoid	VB
.	.
Those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
responsible	JJ
for	IN
spending	VBG
public	JJ
funds	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
have	VB
to	TO
take	VB
into	IN
account	VBP
their	PRP$
own	JJ
financial	JJ
interests	NNS
,	,
or	CC
those	DT
of	IN
their	PRP$
employers	NNS
,	,
when	WRB
deciding	VBG
where	WRB
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
spend	VB
public	JJ
funds	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
to	TO
buy	VB
books	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
business	NN
by	IN
which	WDT
one	CD
of	IN
its	PRP$
members	NNS
is	VBZ
employed	VBN
part-time	JJ
.	.
This	DT
ruling	NN
applies	VBZ
to	TO
purchases	NNS
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
paid	VBN
for	IN
with	IN
public	JJ
funds	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
WV	NNP
Code	NNP
61-10-15	CD
does	VBZ
not	RB
apply	VB
to	TO
purchases	NNS
made	VBN
by	IN
teachers	NNS
with	IN
proceeds	NNS
from	IN
fund-raising	JJ
activities	NNS
and	CC
school	NN
vending	VBG
machine	NN
sales	NNS
,	,
because	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
control	VB
the	DT
expenditure	NN
of	IN
those	DT
funds	NNS
.	.
Such	JJ
purchases	NNS
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
.	.
An	DT
attorney	NN
for	IN
a	DT
newly	RB
elected	VBN
member	NN
of	IN
a	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
asks	VBZ
if	IN
the	DT
member-elect	NN
may	MD
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
Board	NNP
Member	NNP
while	IN
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
at	IN
a	DT
State	NN
correctional	JJ
facility	NN
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
member-elect	JJ
lives	NNS
.	.
The	DT
foundation	NN
board	NN
has	VBZ
appointed	VBN
him	PRP
as	IN
their	PRP$
representative	NN
on	IN
a	DT
City	NNP
Council	NNP
Committee	NNP
which	WDT
meets	VBZ
quarterly	JJ
to	TO
consider	VB
requests	NNS
for	IN
distribution	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
administered	VBN
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
bequeathed	VBN
endowment	NN
.	.
He	PRP
receives	VBZ
no	DT
compensation	NN
for	IN
serving	VBG
in	IN
this	DT
appointed	VBN
position	NN
.	.
Economic	NNP
Development	NNP
Authority	NNP
members	NNS
are	VBP
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
to	TO
serve	VB
three	CD
year	NN
terms	NNS
.	.
The	DT
other	JJ
positions	NNS
in	IN
question	NN
are	VBP
filled	VBN
by	IN
volunteers	NNS
.	.
No	DT
compensation	NN
is	VBZ
authorized	VBN
for	IN
serving	VBG
in	IN
any	DT
of	IN
these	DT
positions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
regional	JJ
highway	NN
safety	NN
coalition	NN
recruits	NNS
volunteers	NNS
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
liaison	NN
with	IN
various	JJ
local	JJ
groups	NNS
and	CC
organizations	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
,	,
to	TO
facilitate	VB
an	DT
exchange	NN
of	IN
information	NN
,	,
concerns	NNS
and	CC
initiatives	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
various	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
community	NN
safety	NN
,	,
including	VBG
highway	NN
safety	NN
.	.
These	DT
volunteers	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
compensated	VBN
and	CC
exercise	NN
no	DT
executive	NN
or	CC
legislative	JJ
authority	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
serving	VBG
on	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
coalition	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
comprise	VB
holding	VBG
a	DT
public	JJ
office	NN
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
elected	VBN
to	TO
serve	VB
on	IN
a	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
previously	RB
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Governor	NNP
to	TO
serve	VB
on	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Community	NNP
and	CC
Technical	NNP
Education	NNP
Council	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Workforce	NNP
Investment	NNP
Council	NNP
.	.
Persons	NNS
who	WP
serve	VBP
on	IN
these	DT
Councils	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
compensated	VBN
beyond	IN
receiving	VBG
reimbursement	NN
for	IN
travel	NN
expenses	NNS
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Workforce	NNP
Investment	NNP
Council	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
these	DT
positions	NNS
are	VBP
public	JJ
offices	NNS
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
primary	JJ
scope	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Workforce	NNP
Investment	NNP
Council	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
was	VBD
recently	RB
elected	VBN
to	TO
serve	VB
on	IN
a	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
currently	RB
serves	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
board	NN
of	IN
directors	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
non-profit	JJ
corporation	NN
which	WDT
promotes	VBZ
the	DT
beneficial	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
forest	NN
resources	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
region	NN
.	.
The	DT
Ethics	NNP
Commission	NNP
previously	RB
determined	VBD
that	IN
this	DT
corporation	NN
,	,
which	WDT
receives	VBZ
State	NN
funding	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
private	JJ
organization	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
not	RB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
Action	NNP
Organization	NNP
,	,
established	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
,	,
non-profit	JJ
corporation	NN
,	,
finding	VBG
that	IN
serving	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
director	NN
of	IN
that	DT
organization	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
involve	VB
holding	VBG
a	DT
public	JJ
office	NN
.	.
The	DT
same	JJ
analysis	NN
applies	VBZ
here	RB
.	.
The	DT
position	NN
currently	RB
held	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
requester	NN
as	IN
director	NN
of	IN
a	DT
non-profit	JJ
corporation	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
public	JJ
office	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
requester	NN
may	MD
continue	VB
in	IN
this	DT
position	NN
after	IN
taking	VBG
office	NN
on	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
has	VBZ
filed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
candidate	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
where	WRB
he	PRP
resides	VBZ
.	.
He	PRP
is	VBZ
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
WVDOE	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
in	IN
a	DT
state-operated	JJ
detention	NN
facility	NN
.	.
That	DT
facility	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
different	JJ
county	NN
.	.
By	IN
statute	NN
,	,
the	DT
compensation	NN
received	VBN
by	IN
WVDOE	NNP
teachers	NNS
serving	VBG
in	IN
these	DT
facilities	NNS
is	VBZ
linked	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
pay	NN
scales	NNS
adopted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
where	WRB
the	DT
institution	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
.	.
Applying	VBG
these	DT
criteria	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
teacher	NN
employed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
state	NN
agency	NN
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
this	DT
position	NN
involves	VBZ
mere	JJ
employment	NN
rather	RB
than	IN
holding	VBG
a	DT
public	JJ
office	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
the	DT
requester	NN
,	,
if	IN
elected	VBN
,	,
may	MD
retain	VB
his	PRP$
teaching	NN
position	NN
while	IN
serving	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
.	.
Any	DT
person	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
eligible	JJ
and	CC
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
hold	VB
an	DT
office	NN
or	CC
political	JJ
party	NN
position	NN
to	TO
be	VB
filled	VBN
by	IN
election	NN
in	IN
any	DT
primary	JJ
or	CC
general	JJ
election	NN
...	:
shall	MD
file	VB
a	DT
certificate	NN
of	IN
announcement	NN
declaring	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
candidate	NN
for	IN
the	DT
nomination	NN
or	CC
election	NN
to	TO
the	DT
office	NN
.	.
A	DT
person	NN
being	VBG
considered	VBN
for	IN
appointment	NN
to	TO
a	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
vacancy	NN
asks	VBZ
if	IN
he	PRP
may	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
serve	VB
on	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
private	JJ
non-profit	JJ
organization	NN
which	WDT
operates	VBZ
a	DT
sheltered	JJ
workshop	NN
for	IN
physically	RB
and	CC
mentally	RB
challenged	VBD
people	NNS
.	.
Camp	NNP
and	CC
seeks	VBZ
to	TO
include	VB
a	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Member	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
membership	NN
.	.
The	DT
members	NNS
are	VBP
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commission	NNP
to	TO
advise	VB
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
University	NNP
Extension	NNP
Office	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
4-H	NNP
Camp	NNP
.	.
They	PRP
receive	VBP
no	DT
pay	NN
or	CC
reimbursement	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
services	NNS
.	.
Applying	VBG
these	DT
criteria	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
County	NNP
4-H	NNP
Camp	NNP
Advisory	NNP
Council	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
such	JJ
position	NN
,	,
involving	VBG
only	RB
advisory	JJ
duties	NNS
,	,
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
public	JJ
office	NN
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
this	DT
position	NN
were	VBD
deemed	VBN
a	DT
public	JJ
office	NN
,	,
it	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
bar	VB
the	DT
requester	NN
from	IN
remaining	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
because	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
compensated	VBN
for	IN
their	PRP$
service	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
primary	JJ
scope	NN
of	IN
the	DT
position	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
Committee	NNP
employs	VBZ
cooperative	JJ
extension	NN
workers	NNS
in	IN
partnership	NN
with	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
coordinates	VBZ
financial	JJ
support	NN
for	IN
these	DT
activities	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
and	CC
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
and	CC
provides	VBZ
guidance	NN
on	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
cooperative	JJ
extension	NN
service	NN
program	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
compensation	NN
currently	RB
provided	VBN
for	IN
this	DT
position	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
extension	NN
service	NN
committee	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
composed	VBN
of	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
farm	NN
bureau	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
extension	NN
homemakers	NNS
council	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
Four-H	JJ
leaders	NNS
'	POS
association	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
a	DT
county	NN
commissioner	NN
designated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
commission	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
e	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
designated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
f	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
a	DT
county	NN
representative	NN
of	IN
the	DT
grange	NN
,	,
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
g	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
two	CD
members	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
residents	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
to	TO
be	VB
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
board	NN
of	IN
advisors	NNS
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
University	NNP
...	:
The	DT
requester	NN
is	VBZ
currently	RB
serving	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Member	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
asked	VBN
to	TO
serve	VB
on	IN
the	DT
board	NN
of	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Economic	NNP
Development	NNP
Authority	NNP
.	.
Authority	NNP
members	NNS
are	VBP
ordinarily	RB
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
County	NNP
Commission	NNP
to	TO
serve	VB
three	CD
year	NN
terms	NNS
.	.
Persons	NNS
serving	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
Development	NNP
Authority	NNP
Board	NNP
are	VBP
not	RB
compensated	VBN
beyond	IN
being	VBG
reimbursed	VBN
for	IN
reasonable	JJ
and	CC
necessary	JJ
expenses	NNS
.	.
No	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
authority	NN
shall	MD
receive	VB
any	DT
compensation	NN
,	,
whether	IN
in	IN
formal	JJ
salary	NN
,	,
per	IN
diem	NN
allowance	NN
or	CC
otherwise	RB
,	,
in	IN
connection	NN
with	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
services	NNS
as	IN
such	JJ
member	NN
.	.
Each	DT
member	NN
shall	MD
,	,
however	RB
,	,
be	VB
entitled	VBN
to	TO
reimbursement	NN
by	IN
the	DT
authority	NN
for	IN
any	DT
necessary	JJ
expenditures	NNS
in	IN
connection	NN
with	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
general	JJ
duties	NNS
as	IN
such	JJ
member	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
a	DT
Director	NNP
of	IN
a	DT
County	NNP
Economic	NNP
Development	NNP
Authority	NNP
holds	VBZ
a	DT
public	JJ
office	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
primary	JJ
scope	NN
of	IN
this	DT
office	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
The	DT
requester	NN
is	VBZ
currently	RB
serving	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
Member	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
be	VB
considered	VBN
for	IN
appointment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Emergency	NN
Ambulance	NNP
Authority	NNP
in	IN
his	PRP$
county	NN
.	.
He	PRP
explains	VBZ
that	IN
he	PRP
previously	RB
served	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
Board	NNP
and	CC
did	VBD
not	RB
receive	VB
any	DT
salary	NN
or	CC
expenses	NNS
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
primary	JJ
scope	NN
of	IN
Emergency	NNP
Ambulance	NNP
Service	NNP
Authorities	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
the	DT
only	JJ
remaining	VBG
issue	NN
involves	VBZ
the	DT
compensation	NN
associated	VBN
with	IN
this	DT
position	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
clear	JJ
whether	IN
the	DT
proviso	NN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
added	VBD
to	TO
18-5-1a	JJ
was	VBD
intended	VBN
to	TO
permit	VB
a	DT
school	NN
board	NN
member	NN
to	TO
escape	VB
the	DT
prohibition	NN
against	IN
serving	VBG
in	IN
another	DT
public	JJ
office	NN
by	IN
simply	RB
declining	VBG
to	TO
accept	VB
compensation	NN
for	IN
service	NN
in	IN
the	DT
office	NN
.	.
Had	VBD
that	IN
been	VBN
its	PRP$
intent	NN
,	,
the	DT
proviso	NN
would	MD
have	VB
said	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
prohibition	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
apply	VB
to	TO
service	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
member	NN
accepts	VBZ
no	DT
compensation	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Ethics	NNP
Commission	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
believe	VB
that	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
intended	VBD
to	TO
say	VB
,	,
in	IN
effect	NN
,	,
school	NN
board	NN
members	NNS
may	MD
serve	VB
in	IN
any	DT
position	NN
,	,
unrelated	JJ
to	TO
public	JJ
schools	NNS
-	:
so	RB
long	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
decline	VBP
to	TO
accept	VB
pay	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
service	NN
.	.
Rather	RB
,	,
the	DT
Commission	NNP
believes	VBZ
the	DT
proviso	NN
is	VBZ
intended	VBN
to	TO
apply	VB
only	RB
to	TO
public	JJ
offices	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
law	NN
provides	VBZ
no	DT
compensation	NN
.	.
The	DT
Commission	NNP
believes	VBZ
the	DT
proviso	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
exempt	JJ
service	NN
in	IN
any	DT
office	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
law	NN
prescribes	VBZ
or	CC
requires	VBZ
compensation	NN
.	.
Where	WRB
compensation	NN
is	VBZ
prescribed	VBN
or	CC
required	VBN
,	,
the	DT
proviso	NN
offers	VBZ
no	DT
relief	NN
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
the	DT
office	NN
holder	NN
declines	VBZ
to	TO
accept	VB
compensation	NN
.	.
A	DT
pandemic	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
global	JJ
disease	NN
outbreak	NN
.	.
A	DT
flu	NN
pandemic	NN
occurs	VBZ
when	WRB
a	DT
new	JJ
influenza	NN
virus	NN
emerges	VBZ
for	IN
which	WDT
people	NNS
have	VBP
little	JJ
or	CC
no	DT
immunity	NN
,	,
and	CC
for	IN
which	WDT
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
vaccine	NN
.	.
The	DT
disease	NN
spreads	VBZ
easily	RB
person-to-person	JJ
,	,
causes	VBZ
serious	JJ
illness	NN
,	,
and	CC
can	MD
sweep	NN
across	IN
the	DT
country	NN
and	CC
around	IN
the	DT
world	NN
in	IN
very	RB
short	JJ
time	NN
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
schools	NNS
play	VBP
an	DT
integral	JJ
role	NN
in	IN
protecting	VBG
the	DT
health	NN
and	CC
safety	NN
of	IN
staff	NN
,	,
students	NNS
,	,
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
.	.
The	DT
department	NN
is	VBZ
working	VBG
with	IN
other	JJ
state	NN
agencies	NNS
in	IN
planning	VBG
for	IN
potential	JJ
pandemic	NN
flu	NN
outbreaks	NNS
.	.
Fifty	CD
grants	NNS
of	IN
$	$
10,000	CD
each	DT
will	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
schools	NNS
,	,
community	NN
groups	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
non-profit	JJ
organizations	NNS
with	IN
innovative	JJ
programs	NNS
aimed	VBN
at	IN
improving	VBG
the	DT
nutrition	NN
and	CC
activity	NN
habits	NNS
of	IN
young	JJ
people	NNS
.	.
The	DT
involvement	NN
of	IN
a	DT
registered	VBN
dietitian	NN
or	CC
dietetics	NNS
technician	NN
,	,
registered	VBN
is	VBZ
a	DT
requirement	NN
for	IN
each	DT
program	NN
.	.
Fifty-four	CD
million	CD
kids	NNS
attend	VBP
nearly	RB
123,000	CD
schools	NNS
nationwide	JJ
.	.
Six	CD
million	CD
adults	NNS
work	VBP
in	IN
schools	NNS
as	IN
teachers	NNS
,	,
nurses	NNS
,	,
administrators	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
staff	NN
.	.
Collectively	RB
,	,
over	IN
20	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
population	NN
can	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
community	NN
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
size	NN
and	CC
accessibility	NN
of	IN
this	DT
population	NN
,	,
school	NN
health	NN
programs	NNS
are	VBP
one	CD
the	DT
most	RBS
efficient	JJ
ways	NNS
of	IN
shaping	VBG
our	PRP$
nation	NN
's	POS
health	NN
,	,
education	NN
,	,
and	CC
social	JJ
well-being	NN
.	.
The	DT
Healthy	JJ
Schools	NNP
Program	NNP
is	VBZ
being	VBG
launched	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
American	JJ
Heart	NNP
Association	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
William	NNP
J.	NNP
Clinton	NNP
Foundation	NNP
,	,
with	IN
funding	NN
from	IN
The	DT
Robert	NNP
Wood	NNP
Johnson	NNP
Foundation	NNP
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
collaboration	NN
with	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Alliance	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
Healthier	NNP
Generation	NNP
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
network	NN
of	IN
organizations	NNS
and	CC
individuals	NNS
concerned	VBN
with	IN
childhood	NN
obesity	NN
and	CC
physical	JJ
inactivity	NN
among	IN
America	NNP
's	POS
youth	NN
.	.
To	TO
provide	VB
leadership	NN
,	,
training	NN
and	CC
support	NN
for	IN
schools	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
communities	NNS
designed	VBN
to	TO
improve	VB
collaboration	NN
and	CC
ensure	VB
the	DT
health	NN
and	CC
educational	JJ
achievement	NN
of	IN
children	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
safe	JJ
,	,
nurturing	VBG
and	CC
disciplined	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
Coordinators	NNS
provide	VBP
a	DT
wealth	NN
of	IN
information	NN
,	,
offer	VBP
asset	NN
presentations	NNS
,	,
facilitate	VBP
community-building	JJ
asset	NN
initiatives	NNS
and	CC
coordinate	VB
with	IN
schools	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
with	IN
Search	NNP
surveys	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
contact	NN
Adolescent	NNP
Health	NNP
Coordinators	NNPS
or	CC
Director	NNP
within	IN
your	PRP$
RESA	NNP
.	.
The	DT
EHCP	NNP
training	NN
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
to	TO
county	NN
school	NN
nurses	NNS
who	WP
were	VBD
unable	JJ
to	TO
attend	VB
the	DT
2006	CD
School	NNP
Nurse	NNP
institute	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
voluntary	JJ
training	NN
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
comfortable	JJ
in	IN
utiizing	VBG
the	DT
ECHP	NNP
then	RB
do	VBP
not	RB
feel	VB
obligated	VBN
to	TO
attend	VB
this	DT
offering	NN
.	.
The	DT
ECHP	NNP
was	VBD
develop	VB
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
standard	JJ
EHCP	NNP
while	IN
ensuring	VBG
quality	NN
and	CC
acountability	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
EHCP	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
comprehensive	JJ
of	IN
all	DT
specialized	VBN
procedures	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
setting	VBG
but	CC
will	MD
allow	VB
for	IN
EHCP	NNP
to	TO
be	VB
created	VBN
for	IN
students	NNS
with	IN
insulin	NN
by	IN
injection	NN
,	,
insulin	NN
by	IN
pump	NN
,	,
metered	JJ
dose	NN
inhalers	NNS
,	,
vagal	JJ
nerve	NN
stimulator	NN
,	,
rectal	JJ
valium	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Diastat	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
sterile	JJ
catheterization	NN
,	,
sterile	JJ
suctioning	VBG
,	,
mechanical	JJ
ventilator	NN
,	,
emergencey	NN
care	NN
of	IN
a	DT
tracheostomy	NN
and	CC
emergency	NN
replacement	NN
of	IN
a	DT
tracheostomy	NN
.	.
These	DT
ten	CD
specialized	VBN
procedures	NNS
will	MD
allow	VB
your	PRP$
county	NN
to	TO
receive	VB
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
one	CD
million	CD
dollar	NN
appropriation	NN
from	IN
SB	NNP
53	CD
.	.
WVDE	NNP
will	MD
upload	VB
the	DT
EHCP	NNP
on	IN
January	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2006	CD
and	CC
June	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2007	CD
to	TO
distribute	VB
the	DT
funds	NNS
according	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
specialized	VBN
procedures	NNS
identified	VBN
above	IN
and	CC
health	NN
service	NN
hours	NNS
.	.
All	DT
``	``
Prescribed	JJ
OTCs	NNS
''	''
fall	NN
under	IN
the	DT
management	NN
and	CC
delegation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
certified	VBD
school	NN
nurses	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
speak	VB
with	IN
the	DT
certified	JJ
school	NN
nurse	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
your	PRP$
county	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
``	``
Nonprescribed	NNP
OTC	NNP
''	''
policy	NN
.	.
After	IN
registration	NN
,	,
the	DT
designee	NN
's	POS
employment	NN
will	MD
have	VB
to	TO
be	VB
verified	VBN
by	IN
WVDE-Office	NNP
of	IN
Healthy	JJ
Schools	NNS
.	.
Once	RB
verified	VBN
as	IN
county	NN
school	NN
personnel	NNS
,	,
a	DT
list	NN
will	MD
be	VB
sent	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
``	``
Technology	NNP
Administrator	NNP
''	''
for	IN
generation	NN
of	IN
an	DT
email	NN
to	TO
the	DT
``	``
designee	NN
''	''
for	IN
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
training	NN
.	.
The	DT
training	NN
can	MD
be	VB
accessed	VBN
at	IN
http://wvlearns.k12.wv.us/index.asp	CD
with	IN
a	DT
user	NN
ID	NNP
and	CC
password	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
University	NNP
is	VBZ
offering	VBG
an	DT
online	JJ
initial	JJ
substitute	NN
school	NN
nurse	NN
training	NN
and	CC
renewal	NN
program	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
noncredit	JJ
course	NN
with	IN
a	DT
certificate	NN
upon	IN
completion	NN
.	.
Please	VB
make	VB
sure	JJ
your	PRP$
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
will	MD
accept	VB
this	DT
18	CD
hour	NN
training	NN
for	IN
initial	JJ
substitute	NN
permit	NN
approval	NN
or	CC
the	DT
12	CD
hour	NN
course	NN
for	IN
renewal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
substitute	NN
permit	NN
.	.
A	DT
training	NN
for	IN
health	NN
educators	NNS
,	,
school	NN
nurses	NNS
and	CC
community	NN
health	NN
specialist	NN
was	VBD
held	VBN
at	IN
Fairmont	NNP
State	NNP
University	NNP
on	IN
March	NNP
14	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
The	DT
incorporation	NN
of	IN
activities	NNS
and	CC
teaching	NN
tools	NNS
enhanced	VBD
the	DT
learning	VBG
experience	NN
and	CC
capacity	NN
of	IN
all	DT
participants	NNS
.	.
SHEC	NNP
Conference	NNP
proved	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
true	JJ
success	NN
.	.
This	DT
year	NN
several	JJ
tracks	NNS
were	VBD
available	JJ
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
family	NN
health	NN
,	,
school	NN
health	NN
,	,
school	NN
nursing	NN
and	CC
community	NN
health	NN
.	.
A	DT
BIG	NNP
thank	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
all	DT
SHEC	NNP
Conference	NNP
Planning	NNP
Committee	NNP
Members	NNP
for	IN
an	DT
excellent	JJ
conference	NN
.	.
Assessment	NNP
Brief	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
created	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
quick	JJ
review	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
distribution	NN
of	IN
certified	JJ
school	NN
nurses	NNS
,	,
student	NN
screenings	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
with	IN
medical\/health	NN
conditions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
complete	JJ
School	NNP
Nurse	NNP
Needs	NNS
Assessment	NNP
is	VBZ
posted	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Healthy	JJ
Schools	NNS
home	NN
page	NN
and	CC
above	IN
.	.
Guidance	NN
and	CC
counseling	NN
program	NN
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
student	NN
competencies	NNS
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
The	DT
nine	CD
National	NNP
Standards	NNP
for	IN
School	NNP
Counseling	NN
are	VBP
organized	VBN
in	IN
three	CD
categories	NNS
of	IN
student	NN
development	NN
:	:
academic	JJ
,	,
career	NN
and	CC
personal\/social	NN
.	.
These	DT
standards	NNS
provide	VB
guidance	NN
and	CC
direction	NN
for	IN
states	NNS
,	,
school	NN
systems	NNS
and	CC
individual	JJ
schools	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
quality	NN
and	CC
effective	JJ
school	NN
counseling	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
nine	CD
standards	NNS
includes	VBZ
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
student	NN
competencies	NNS
that	WDT
enumerate	VBP
the	DT
desired	VBN
student	NN
learning	VBG
outcomes	NNS
.	.
The	DT
student	NN
competencies	NNS
define	VBP
the	DT
specific	JJ
knowledge	NN
,	,
attitudes	NNS
and	CC
skills	NNS
that	WDT
students	NNS
should	MD
obtain	VB
or	CC
demonstrate	VB
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
participating	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
school	NN
counseling	NN
program	NN
.	.
Program	NNP
Guide	NNP
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
guide	NN
describes	VBZ
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
comprehensive	JJ
developmental	JJ
guidance	NN
and	CC
counseling	NN
program	NN
model	NN
and	CC
outlines	VBZ
a	DT
process	NN
for	IN
tailoring	VBG
the	DT
model	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
individual	JJ
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
districts	NNS
and	CC
schools	NNS
.	.
Good	JJ
health	NN
and	CC
safety	NN
are	VBP
essential	JJ
to	TO
student	NN
learning	NN
.	.
The	DT
administration	NN
of	IN
medication	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
during	IN
the	DT
school	NN
day	NN
should	MD
be	VB
discouraged	VBN
unless	IN
absolutely	RB
necessary	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
student	NN
’	CD
s	PRP
health	NN
.	.
Administration	NN
of	IN
medication	NN
during	IN
the	DT
school	NN
day	NN
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
to	TO
allow	VB
some	DT
students	NNS
to	TO
attend	VB
school	NN
.	.
This	DT
policy	NN
establishes	VBZ
the	DT
standards	NNS
that	WDT
must	MD
be	VB
followed	VBN
when	WRB
any	DT
medication	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
administered	VBN
during	IN
attendance	NN
at	IN
school	NN
or	CC
school	NN
related	VBN
events	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
provide	VB
for	IN
emergency	NN
medication	NN
administration	NN
,	,
when	WRB
necessary	JJ
.	.
County	NNP
Boards	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
shall	MD
develop	VB
or	CC
amend	VB
medication	NN
administration	NN
policies	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
or	CC
exceed	VB
the	DT
standards	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
.	.
Code	NNP
'	POS
18-5-22a	JJ
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
components	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
WVDE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
may	MD
issue	VB
and	CC
periodically	RB
update	VB
advisories	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
guidance	NN
on	IN
the	DT
administration	NN
of	IN
medication	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
public	JJ
school	NN
system	NN
.	.
Coordinate	VB
development	NN
of	IN
procedures	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
administration	NN
of	IN
medication	NN
during	IN
school-related	JJ
events	NNS
with	IN
classroom	NN
teachers	NNS
,	,
school	NN
nurses	NNS
,	,
parents\/guardians	NNS
,	,
designated	VBN
qualified	VBN
personnel	NNS
and	CC
administrator	NN
’	CD
s	PRP
designees	NNS
.	.
For	IN
students	NNS
needing	VBG
long-term	JJ
and	CC
emergency	NN
prescription	NN
medication	NN
to	TO
attend	VB
school	NN
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
nurse	NN
shall	MD
assess	VB
the	DT
student	NN
,	,
review	VB
the	DT
licensed	JJ
prescriber	NN
’	CD
s	PRP
orders	NNS
,	,
assure	VB
implementation	NN
of	IN
needed	VBN
health	NN
and	CC
safety	NN
procedures	NNS
,	,
and	CC
develop	VB
a	DT
health	NN
care	NN
plan	NN
.	.
Complete	JJ
and	CC
sign	VB
a	DT
parent\/guardian	JJ
authorization	NN
form	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
to	TO
be	VB
designed	VBN
by	IN
each	DT
county	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
which	WDT
indicates	VBZ
student	NN
name	NN
;	:
date	NN
;	:
allergies	NNS
;	:
medication	NN
name	NN
;	:
dosage	NN
,	,
time	NN
,	,
and	CC
route	NN
;	:
intended	JJ
effect	NN
of	IN
medication	NN
;	:
other	JJ
medication	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
taken	VBN
by	IN
student	NN
;	:
and	CC
parent\/guardian	JJ
signature	NN
.	.
When	WRB
a	DT
student	NN
’	CD
s	PRP
medical	JJ
condition	NN
requires	VBZ
a	DT
change	NN
in	IN
the	DT
medication	NN
dosage	NN
or	CC
schedule	NN
,	,
the	DT
parent	NN
must	MD
provide	VB
a	DT
new	JJ
written	VBN
authorization	NN
form	NN
from	IN
a	DT
licensed	JJ
prescriber	NN
and	CC
container	NN
.	.
This	DT
must	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
designated	VBN
personnel	NNS
within	IN
an	DT
appropriate	JJ
time	NN
frame	NN
.	.
Submit	VB
a	DT
written	VBN
report	NN
to	TO
the	DT
administrator	NN
and	CC
county	NN
superintendent	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
the	DT
incident	NN
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
should	MD
include	VB
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
,	,
the	DT
parent\/guardian	JJ
name	NN
and	CC
phone	NN
number	NN
,	,
a	DT
specific	JJ
statement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
medication	NN
incident	NN
,	,
who	WP
was	VBD
notified	VBN
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
remedial	JJ
actions	NNS
were	VBD
taken	VBN
.	.
A	DT
written	VBN
statement	NN
is	VBZ
received	VBN
from	IN
a	DT
licensed	JJ
prescriber	NN
which	WDT
contains	VBZ
the	DT
student	NN
name	NN
,	,
purpose	NN
,	,
appropriate	JJ
usage	NN
,	,
dosage	NN
,	,
time	NN
or	CC
times	NNS
at	IN
which	WDT
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
special	JJ
circumstances	NNS
under	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
medication	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
administered	VBN
.	.
The	DT
student	NN
has	VBZ
demonstrated	VBN
the	DT
ability	NN
and	CC
understanding	VBG
to	TO
self-administer	VB
asthma	NN
medication	NN
by	IN
passing	VBG
an	DT
assessment	NN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
nurse	NN
evaluating	VBG
the	DT
student	NN
’	CD
s	PRP
technique	NN
of	IN
self-administration	NN
and	CC
level	NN
of	IN
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
asthma	NN
medication	NN
.	.
The	DT
parent\/guardian	NN
has	VBZ
acknowledged	VBN
in	IN
writing	VBG
that	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
read	VBN
and	CC
understand	VB
a	DT
notice	NN
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
stating	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
county	NN
school	NN
board	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
employees	NNS
and	CC
agents	NNS
are	VBP
exempt	JJ
from	IN
any	DT
liability	NN
,	,
except	IN
for	IN
willful	JJ
and	CC
wanton	JJ
conduct	NN
,	,
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
any	DT
injury	NN
arising	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
self-administration	NN
of	IN
asthma	NN
medication	NN
.	.
The	DT
permission	NN
to	TO
self-administer	VB
asthma	NN
medication	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
effective	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
it	PRP
is	VBZ
granted	VBN
and	CC
all	DT
documents	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
self-administration	NN
of	IN
asthma	NN
medication	NN
shall	MD
become	VB
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
health	NN
record	NN
.	.
The	DT
permission	NN
to	TO
self-administer	VB
asthma	NN
medication	NN
may	MD
be	VB
revoked	VBN
if	IN
the	DT
school	NN
administrator	NN
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
student	NN
’	CD
s	PRP
technique	NN
and	CC
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
asthma	NN
medication	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
appropriate	JJ
or	CC
is	VBZ
willfully	RB
disregarded	VBN
.	.
When	WRB
a	DT
parent\/guardian	NN
authorizes	VBZ
a	DT
non-prescribed	JJ
medication	NN
to	TO
be	VB
given	VBN
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
a	DT
known	VBN
prescribed	VBN
medication	NN
,	,
the	DT
administrator	NN
or	CC
school	NN
nurse	NN
shall	MD
validate	VB
the	DT
safety	NN
of	IN
multiple	JJ
medications	NNS
.	.
At	IN
times	NNS
,	,
this	DT
validation	NN
process	NN
may	MD
require	VB
a	DT
licensed	JJ
provider	NN
order	NN
.	.
Access	NN
to	TO
medications	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
under	IN
the	DT
authority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
administrator	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
the	DT
school	NN
nurse	NN
assigned	VBN
to	TO
that	DT
school	NN
.	.
If	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
full-time	JJ
school	NN
nurse	NN
assigned	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
building	NN
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
nurse	NN
shall	MD
have	VB
authority	NN
over	IN
the	DT
access	NN
to	TO
prescribed	VBN
medications	NNS
.	.
School	NNP
personnel	NNS
shall	MD
dispose	VB
of	IN
unused	JJ
or	CC
outdated	JJ
medicine	NN
unclaimed	JJ
by	IN
the	DT
parent\/guardian	NN
no	RB
later	RB
than	IN
30	CD
days	NNS
after	IN
the	DT
parent\/guardian	JJ
medication	NN
authorization	NN
expires	VBZ
or	CC
on	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
school	NN
.	.
Medication	NN
disposal	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
done	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
no	DT
other	JJ
individual	NN
has	VBZ
access	NN
to	TO
any	DT
unused	JJ
portion	NN
.	.
Two	CD
individuals	NNS
will	MD
witness	NN
the	DT
disposal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
medication	NN
and	CC
the	DT
procedure	NN
must	MD
be	VB
documented	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
form	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
specific	JJ
student	NN
.	.
B.	NNP
ensure	VB
that	IN
parents	NNS
or	CC
guardians	NNS
are	VBP
informed	VBN
of	IN
educational	JJ
and	CC
related	JJ
opportunities	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
their	PRP$
children	NNS
,	,
and	CC
are	VBP
provided	VBN
with	IN
meaningful	JJ
opportunities	NNS
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
education	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
children	NNS
.	.
E.	NNP
immediately	RB
assist	VB
in	IN
obtaining	VBG
immunizations	NNS
or	CC
record	NN
of	IN
immunizations	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
medical	JJ
records	NNS
for	IN
those	DT
students	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
have	VB
them	PRP
,	,
and	CC
assure	VB
that	DT
students	NNS
are	VBP
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
school	NN
while	IN
the	DT
records	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
obtained	VBN
.	.
H.	NNP
ensure	VB
that	IN
homeless	JJ
families	NNS
,	,
children	NNS
,	,
and	CC
youths	NNS
receive	VBP
educational	JJ
services	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
such	JJ
families	NNS
,	,
children	NNS
,	,
and	CC
youths	NNS
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
,	,
including	VBG
Head	NNP
Start	VB
and	CC
Even	RB
Start	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
preschool	JJ
programs	NNS
administered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
educational	JJ
agency	NN
,	,
and	CC
referrals	NNS
to	TO
health	NN
care	NN
services	NNS
,	,
dental	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
mental	JJ
health	NN
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
appropriate	JJ
services	NNS
.	.
Virginia	NNP
Division	NNP
of	IN
Motor	NNP
Vehicles	NNPS
shall	MD
deny	VB
a	DT
license	NN
or	CC
instruction	NN
permit	NN
for	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
motor	NN
vehicle	NN
to	TO
any	DT
person	NN
under	IN
the	DT
age	NN
of	IN
eighteen	CD
who	WP
does	VBZ
not	RB
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
application	NN
present	NN
a	DT
diploma	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
certificate	NN
of	IN
graduation	NN
issued	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
person	NN
from	IN
a	DT
secondary	JJ
high	JJ
school	NN
of	IN
this	DT
state	NN
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
state	NN
,	,
or	CC
documentation	NN
that	IN
the	DT
person	NN
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
enrolled	VBN
and	CC
making	VBG
satisfactory	JJ
progress	NN
in	IN
a	DT
course	NN
leading	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
general	JJ
educational	JJ
development	NN
certificate	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
GED	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
from	IN
a	DT
state	NN
approved	VBD
institution	NN
or	CC
organization	NN
,	,
or	CC
has	VBZ
obtained	VBN
such	JJ
certificate	NN
;	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
secondary	JJ
school	NN
of	IN
this	DT
state	NN
;	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
resident	NN
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
out-of-state	JJ
school	NN
;	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
excused	VBN
from	IN
such	JJ
requirement	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
circumstances	NNS
beyond	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
control	NN
;	:
or	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
5	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
institution	NN
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
as	IN
a	DT
full-time	JJ
student	NN
in	IN
this	DT
state	NN
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
state	NN
.	.
Suspension	NN
or	CC
expulsion	NN
from	IN
school	NN
or	CC
imprisonment	NN
in	IN
a	DT
jail	NN
or	CC
a	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
correctional	JJ
facility	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
circumstance	NN
beyond	IN
the	DT
control	NN
of	IN
the	DT
person	NN
.	.
If	IN
suspended	VBN
,	,
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Division	NNP
of	IN
Motor	NNP
Vehicles	NNPS
may	MD
not	RB
reinstate	VB
a	DT
license	NN
before	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
semester	NN
following	VBG
that	IN
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
withdrawal	NN
occurred	VBD
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
also	RB
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
State	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
must	MD
take	VB
an	DT
informed	VBN
,	,
sensitive	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
communicate	VB
and	CC
educate	VB
the	DT
citizens	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
about	IN
health	NN
issues	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
obesity	NN
and	CC
inappropriate	JJ
weight	NN
gain	NN
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
further	JJ
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
state	NN
must	MD
take	VB
action	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
citizens	NNS
in	IN
engaging	VBG
in	IN
healthful	JJ
eating	NN
and	CC
regular	JJ
physical	JJ
activity	NN
.	.
The	DT
Legislature	NNP
further	JJ
finds	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
state	NN
must	MD
invest	VB
in	IN
research	NN
that	IN
improves	VBZ
understanding	NN
of	IN
inappropriate	JJ
weight	NN
gain	NN
and	CC
obesity	NN
.	.
These	DT
efforts	NNS
are	VBP
needed	VBN
to	TO
coordinate	VB
the	DT
state	NN
's	POS
interest	NN
in	IN
improving	VBG
the	DT
health	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
citizens	NNS
and	CC
in	IN
reducing	VBG
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
health	NN
care	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
to	TO
create	VB
,	,
as	IN
an	DT
integral	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
and	CC
Human	NNP
Resources	NNPS
,	,
an	DT
entity	NN
to	TO
coordinate	VB
the	DT
efforts	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
agencies	NNS
to	TO
prevent	VB
and	CC
remedy	VB
obesity	NN
and	CC
related	VBN
weight	NN
problems	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
all	DT
citizens	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
educated	VBN
on	IN
this	DT
serious	JJ
health	NN
risk	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
affecting	VBG
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
hereby	NN
created	VBD
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Healthy	JJ
Lifestyles	NNP
within	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
and	CC
Human	NNP
Resources	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
management	NN
of	IN
this	DT
office	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
manner	NN
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Secretary	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
and	CC
Human	NNP
Resources	NNPS
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
interest	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
citizens	NNS
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
hereby	NN
created	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Treasury	NNP
a	DT
separate	JJ
special	JJ
revenue	NN
account	NN
,	,
which	WDT
shall	MD
be	VB
an	DT
interest	NN
bearing	NN
account	NN
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
known	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
``	``
Healthy	JJ
Lifestyles	NNP
Fund	NNP
''	''
.	.
The	DT
special	JJ
revenue	NN
account	NN
shall	MD
consist	VB
of	IN
all	DT
appropriations	NNS
made	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Legislature	NNP
,	,
income	NN
from	IN
the	DT
investment	NN
of	IN
moneys	NNS
held	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
revenue	NN
account	NN
and	CC
all	DT
other	JJ
sums	NNS
available	JJ
for	IN
deposit	NN
to	TO
the	DT
special	JJ
revenue	NN
account	NN
from	IN
any	DT
source	NN
,	,
public	JJ
or	CC
private	JJ
.	.
No	DT
expenditures	NNS
for	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
section	NN
are	VBP
authorized	VBN
from	IN
collections	NNS
except	IN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
article	NN
three	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
twelve	CD
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
and	CC
upon	IN
fulfillment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
article	NN
two	CD
,	,
chapter	NN
eleven-b	NN
of	IN
this	DT
code	NN
.	.
Any	DT
balance	NN
remaining	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
revenue	NN
account	NN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
any	DT
state	NN
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
revert	VB
to	TO
the	DT
general	JJ
revenue	NN
fund	NN
but	CC
remains	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
revenue	NN
account	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
solely	RB
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
consistent	JJ
with	IN
this	DT
article	NN
.	.
No	DT
expenses	NNS
incurred	VBN
under	IN
this	DT
section	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
a	DT
charge	NN
against	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
funds	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
.	.
Provided	VBN
,	,
That	DT
nothing	NN
in	IN
this	DT
subsection	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
construed	VBN
to	TO
prohibit	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
programs	NNS
designed	VBN
under	IN
the	DT
auspices	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
President	NNP
's	POS
Council	NNP
on	IN
Physical	NNP
Fitness	NNP
and	CC
Sports	NNP
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
shall	MD
include	VB
modified	VBN
tests	NNS
for	IN
exceptional	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
school	NN
in	IN
the	DT
state	NN
shall	MD
participate	VB
in	IN
National	NNP
Physical	NNP
Fitness	NNP
and	CC
Sports	NNP
Month	NNP
in	IN
May	NNP
of	IN
each	DT
year	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
make	VB
every	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
involve	VB
the	DT
community	NN
it	PRP
serves	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
related	JJ
events	NNS
.	.
An	DT
opportunity	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
afforded	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
parent	NN
or	CC
guardian	NN
of	IN
a	DT
child	NN
subject	NN
to	TO
instruction	NN
in	IN
the	DT
prevention	NN
,	,
transmission	NN
and	CC
spread	NN
of	IN
acquired	VBN
immune	JJ
deficiency	NN
syndrome	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
sexually	RB
transmitted	JJ
diseases	NNS
to	TO
examine	VB
the	DT
course	NN
curriculum	NN
requirements	NNS
and	CC
materials	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
instruction	NN
.	.
The	DT
parent	NN
or	CC
guardian	NN
may	MD
exempt	VB
the	DT
child	NN
from	IN
participation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
instruction	NN
by	IN
giving	VBG
notice	NN
to	TO
that	DT
effect	NN
in	IN
writing	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
principal	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
2002-2003	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Student	NNP
Services	NNPS
and	CC
Health	NNP
Promotion	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
planned	VBD
and	CC
implemented	VBD
its	PRP$
first	JJ
ever	RB
statewide	JJ
assessment	NN
of	IN
health	NN
education	NN
.	.
A	DT
team	NN
of	IN
health	NN
educators	NNS
from	IN
across	IN
WV	NNP
planned	VBD
and	CC
implemented	VBD
this	DT
assessment	NN
.	.
Assessment	NNP
items	NNS
were	VBD
taken	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Collaborative	NNP
on	IN
Assessment	NNP
and	CC
Student	NNP
Standards	NNP
Health	NNP
Education	NNP
Assessment	NNP
Project	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
SCASS-HEAP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Health	NNP
education	NN
content	NN
areas	NNS
and	CC
items	NNS
were	VBD
selected	VBN
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
extent	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
they	PRP
aligned	VBD
with	IN
the	DT
WV	NNP
Health	NNP
Education	NNP
Content	NNP
Standards	NNPS
and	CC
Objectives	NNPS
-LRB-	-LRB-
CSOs	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
All	DT
grades	NNS
included	VBD
items	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
health	NN
education	NN
content	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
nutrition	NN
,	,
physical	JJ
activity	NN
,	,
growth	NN
and	CC
development	NN
,	,
alcohol	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
drugs	NNS
and	CC
tobacco	NN
.	.
Grades	NNS
6	CD
included	VBD
items	NNS
on	IN
injury	NN
prevention	NN
and	CC
the	DT
8	CD
th	NN
grade	NN
and	CC
high	JJ
school	NN
versions	NNS
included	VBD
questions	NNS
on	IN
mental	JJ
health	NN
.	.
Injury	NNP
prevention	NN
emerged	VBD
as	IN
an	DT
area	NN
of	IN
strength	NN
for	IN
6	CD
th	NN
graders	NNS
.	.
Conversely	RB
,	,
sixth	JJ
graders	NNS
had	VBD
their	PRP$
lowest	JJS
scores	NNS
in	IN
growth	NN
and	CC
development	NN
.	.
Eighth	JJ
graders	NNS
almost	RB
met	VBD
the	DT
standard	NN
on	IN
physical	JJ
activity	NN
;	:
their	PRP$
lowest	JJS
scores	NNS
were	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
alcohol	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
drugs	NNS
questions	NNS
.	.
High	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
almost	RB
met	VBD
the	DT
standard	NN
on	IN
the	DT
nutrition	NN
questions	NNS
and	CC
they	PRP
scored	VBD
the	DT
lowest	JJS
on	IN
the	DT
mental	JJ
health	NN
questions	NNS
.	.
Comparisons	NNS
of	IN
HEAP	NN
scores	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
gender	NN
showed	VBD
significant	JJ
differences	NNS
.	.
Mean	VB
HEAP	NN
scores	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
overall	JJ
and	CC
subscores	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
female	JJ
students	NNS
were	VBD
higher	JJR
than	IN
scores	NNS
for	IN
male	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
gender	NN
differences	NNS
on	IN
HEAP	NN
Scores	NNS
were	VBD
maintained	VBN
when	WRB
the	DT
analysis	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
three	CD
grade	NN
levels	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
great	JJ
that	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
has	VBZ
mandated	VBN
the	DT
FITNESSGRAM	NNP
program	NN
!	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
receiving	VBG
multiple	JJ
calls	NNS
from	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
about	IN
the	DT
PACER	NNP
CD	NNP
for	IN
Fitnessgram	NNP
as	RB
well	RB
other	JJ
basic	JJ
questions	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
informed	VBN
that	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
my	PRP$
contact	NN
information	NN
listed	VBN
on	IN
your	PRP$
website	NN
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
that	IN
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
very	RB
helpful	JJ
to	TO
also	RB
provide	VB
the	DT
link	NN
to	TO
www.fitnessgram.net	NN
where	WRB
your	PRP$
teachers	NNS
can	MD
find	VB
the	DT
pricing	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Fitnessgram	NNP
software	NN
and	CC
the	DT
other	JJ
components	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
other	JJ
valuable	JJ
information	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
attached	VBN
the	DT
Fitnessgram	NNP
Brochure	NN
to	TO
this	DT
email	NN
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
perhaps	RB
like	VBP
to	TO
post	VB
it	PRP
on	IN
your	PRP$
website	NN
as	IN
a	DT
reference	NN
so	RB
that	IN
individuals	NNS
might	MD
gather	VB
the	DT
information	NN
they	PRP
need	VBP
for	IN
placing	VBG
their	PRP$
orders	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
more	JJR
than	IN
happy	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
your	PRP$
teachers	NNS
on	IN
getting	VBG
them	PRP
set	VB
up	RP
with	IN
the	DT
Fitnessgram	NNP
software	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
think	VBP
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
beneficial	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
parties	NNS
involved	VBN
if	IN
you	PRP
could	MD
provide	VB
further	JJ
information	NN
on	IN
your	PRP$
website	NN
.	.
Incidental	JJ
travel	NN
costs	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
mileage	NN
,	,
parking	NN
fees	NNS
,	,
ground	NN
transportation	NN
,	,
and	CC
non-event	JJ
meals	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
reimbursed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
attendee	NN
upon	IN
submission	NN
of	IN
an	DT
invoice	NN
form	NN
and	CC
required	VBN
receipts	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
CONSORTIUM	NNP
after	IN
attendance	NN
at	IN
the	DT
event	NN
.	.
More	RBR
detailed	JJ
information	NN
concerning	VBG
travel	NN
arrangements	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
supplied	VBN
upon	IN
successful	JJ
registration	NN
.	.
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
's	POS
public	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
also	RB
outline	VBP
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
educators	NNS
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
qualify	VB
for	IN
an	DT
advanced	JJ
salary	NN
classification	NN
.	.
Important	JJ
terminology	NN
is	VBZ
defined	VBN
,	,
governing	VBG
principles	NNS
are	VBP
identified	VBN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
criteria	NNS
for	IN
issuance	NN
of	IN
each	DT
license	NN
and	CC
salary	NN
classification	NN
are	VBP
established	VBN
.	.
Licensure	NN
requirements	NNS
established	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
provide	VB
a	DT
means	NN
of	IN
ensuring	VBG
that	IN
persons	NNS
employed	VBN
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
public	JJ
schools	NNS
have	VBP
the	DT
necessary	JJ
knowledge	NN
and	CC
skills	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
responsibilities	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
professional	JJ
assignments	NNS
in	IN
instruction	NN
,	,
student	NN
support	NN
,	,
administration	NN
,	,
and	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
responsibility	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
licensure	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
.	.
WVBE	VB
by	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
May	NNP
,	,
annually	RB
,	,
a	DT
report	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
available	JJ
teacher	NN
positions	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
any	DT
shortages	NNS
in	IN
subject	JJ
matter	NN
areas	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
county	NN
;	:
and	CC
3	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
all	DT
teachers	NNS
reduced	VBN
in	IN
force	NN
provided	VBD
the	DT
teacher	NN
has	VBZ
permitted	VBN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
submit	VB
his\/her	NN
name	NN
.	.
G.	NNP
Validity	NNP
of	IN
Test	NNP
Scores	NNS
.	.
-	:
The	DT
validity	NN
period	NN
for	IN
in-state	JJ
and	CC
out-of-state	JJ
tests	NNS
and	CC
passing	VBG
scores	NNS
is	VBZ
ten	CD
years	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
date	NN
on	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
candidate	NN
passed	VBD
the	DT
examination	NN
.	.
In	IN
those	DT
circumstances	NNS
where	WRB
the	DT
WVBE	NNP
has	VBZ
not	RB
altered	JJ
either	CC
the	DT
required	JJ
test	NN
or	CC
the	DT
passing	VBG
score	NN
,	,
the	DT
test	NN
and	CC
score	NN
shall	MD
remain	VB
valid	JJ
beyond	IN
the	DT
ten-year	JJ
period	NN
.	.
A	DT
candidate	NN
whose	WP$
test	NN
scores	NNS
exceed	VBP
the	DT
ten-year	JJ
validity	NN
period	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
application	NN
for	IN
licensure	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
satisfy	VB
current	JJ
tests	NNS
and	CC
passing	VBG
scores	NNS
.	.
H.	NNP
Failure	NN
to	TO
Apply	VB
for	IN
Licensure	NN
.	.
-	:
A	DT
candidate	NN
who	WP
fails	VBZ
to	TO
apply	VB
for	IN
licensure	NN
within	IN
three	CD
months	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
eligibility	NN
for	IN
licensure	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
satisfy	VB
any	DT
additional	JJ
test	NN
and	CC
program	NN
components	NNS
in	IN
effect	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
application	NN
and	CC
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
conditions	NNS
outlined	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
validity	NN
period	NN
.	.
Supervisor	NN
of	IN
Instruction	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
indicate	VB
the	DT
specialization	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
grade	NN
levels	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
holder	NN
may	MD
be	VB
assigned	VBN
within	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
Experience	NN
gained	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
Temporary	NNP
Administrative	NNP
Certificate	NNP
may	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
conversion	NN
purposes	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Temporary	NNP
Administrative	NNP
Certificate	NNP
is	VBZ
issued	VBN
to	TO
an	DT
administrator	NN
who	WP
graduates	VBZ
from	IN
an	DT
out-of-state	JJ
institution	NN
of	IN
higher	JJR
learning	NN
,	,
or	CC
who	WP
is	VBZ
transferring	VBG
his\/her	JJR
credential	NN
from	IN
another	DT
state	NN
or	CC
country	NN
so	RB
that	IN
s\/he	NN
may	MD
complete	VB
the	DT
requirements	NNS
for	IN
testing	NN
if	IN
applicable	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
Evaluation	NNP
Leadership	NNP
Institute	NNP
.	.
B.	NNP
Out-of-State	NNP
Certification	NNP
-	:
For	IN
those	DT
candidates	NNS
who	WP
hold	VBP
a	DT
valid	JJ
out-of-state	JJ
Professional	NNP
Administrative	NNP
Certificate	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
licensure	NN
is	VBZ
requested	VBN
without	IN
completion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Evaluation	NNP
Leadership	NNP
Institute	NNP
offered	VBD
through	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
or	CC
equivalent	JJ
training	NN
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
WVBE	NNP
.	.
D.	NNP
Recommendation	NNP
of	IN
Superintendent	NNP
.	.
-	:
If	IN
the	DT
candidate	NN
is	VBZ
currently	RB
employed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
,	,
the	DT
candidate	NN
must	MD
receive	VB
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
employing	VBG
county	NN
's	POS
superintendent	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
educator	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
teach	VB
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
,	,
then	RB
s\/he	VBP
must	MD
secure	VB
a	DT
recommendation	NN
from	IN
his\/her	JJR
most	RBS
recent	JJ
education	NN
supervisor	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
signature	NN
of	IN
a	DT
superintendent	NN
or	CC
educational	JJ
supervisor	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
available	JJ
,	,
a	DT
recommendation	NN
from	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
employer	NN
or	CC
a	DT
community	NN
leader	NN
is	VBZ
acceptable	JJ
.	.
D.	NNP
Successful	JJ
Educational	NNP
Experience	NN
.	.
-	:
Three	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
successful	JJ
out-of-state	JJ
experience	NN
as	IN
an	DT
educator	NN
within	IN
the	DT
seven	CD
years	NNS
immediately	RB
preceding	VBG
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
application	NN
,	,
the	DT
required	JJ
tests	NNS
in	IN
Basic	JJ
Skills	NNS
and	CC
Content	NN
,	,
if	IN
applicable	JJ
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
valid	JJ
out-of-state	JJ
Career\/Technical	NNP
Education	NNP
Certificate	NNP
.	.
Both	DT
the	DT
out-of-state	JJ
certificate	NN
and	CC
the	DT
experience	NN
must	MD
be	VB
in	IN
the	DT
specialization	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
which	WDT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
licensure	NN
is	VBZ
requested	VBN
.	.
Education	NNP
shall	MD
be	VB
valid	JJ
for	IN
one	CD
school	NN
year	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
expire	VB
on	IN
June	NNP
30	CD
.	.
An	DT
educator	NN
employed	VBN
on	IN
or	CC
after	IN
January	NNP
1	CD
may	MD
be	VB
issued	VBN
a	DT
First-Class\/Full-Time	JJ
Permit	NNP
for	IN
Career\/Technical	NNP
Education	NNP
valid	JJ
until	IN
June	NNP
30	CD
of	IN
the	DT
following	JJ
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
to	TO
allow	VB
completion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
required	VBN
coursework	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
making	VBG
application	NN
for	IN
the	DT
initial	JJ
career\/technical	JJ
certificate	NN
.	.
D.	NNP
Technical	NNP
School	NNP
.	.
-	:
Complete	JJ
credit	NN
in	IN
an	DT
approved	VBN
two	CD
or	CC
four	CD
year	NN
technical	JJ
school	NN
.	.
Each	DT
ten-semester	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
approved	VBN
coursework	NN
may	MD
count	VB
for	IN
one	CD
year	NN
toward	IN
the	DT
four	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
required	JJ
work	NN
experience	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
maximum	JJ
allowance	NN
for	IN
credit	NN
in	IN
lieu	NN
of	IN
experience	NN
is	VBZ
two	CD
years	NNS
toward	IN
the	DT
four	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
required	JJ
work	NN
experience	NN
.	.
C.	NNP
Recommendation	NNP
.	.
-	:
Receive	VB
the	DT
recommendation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
verifying	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
applicant	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
most	RBS
qualified	JJ
candidate	NN
for	IN
the	DT
position	NN
,	,
or	CC
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
candidate	NN
for	IN
the	DT
permit	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
county	NN
superintendent	NN
,	,
receive	VB
a	DT
recommendation	NN
and	CC
verification	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
from	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
.	.
Certificate	NN
endorsed	VBD
for	IN
early	JJ
education	NN
,	,
elementary	JJ
education	NN
,	,
preschool	JJ
education	NN
,	,
or	CC
preschool	JJ
special	JJ
needs	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
completed	VBN
within	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
issuance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
First-Class\/Full-Time	NNP
Permit	NNP
for	IN
Community	NNP
Programs	NNP
.	.
A.	NN
Verification	NNP
of	IN
successful	JJ
completion	NN
of	IN
eighteen	CD
clock	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
training	NN
provided	VBN
or	CC
authorized	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
employing	VBG
county	NN
to	TO
include	VB
but	CC
not	RB
be	VB
limited	VBN
to	TO
classroom	NN
management	NN
,	,
state	NN
and	CC
local	JJ
policies	NNS
,	,
content	JJ
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
,	,
and	CC
an	DT
overview	NN
of	IN
school	NN
law	NN
to	TO
include	VB
reporting	NN
requirements	NNS
for	IN
suspected	JJ
child	NN
abuse	NN
.	.
The	DT
eighteen	CD
clock	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
training	NN
may	MD
include	VB
no	DT
more	JJR
than	IN
six	CD
clock	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
classroom	NN
observation	NN
and	CC
must	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
completed	VBN
no	DT
more	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
year	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
date	NN
the	DT
application	NN
is	VBZ
received	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
education	NN
agency	NN
.	.
Permit	VB
may	MD
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
short-term	JJ
substitute	NN
in	IN
any	DT
teaching	NN
area	NN
or	CC
may	MD
serve	VB
in	IN
a	DT
position	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
30	CD
consecutive	JJ
instructional	JJ
days	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
endorsement	NN
area	NN
reflected	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
Long-Term	NNP
Substitute	NNP
Permit	NNP
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
ESL	NNP
teacher	NN
delivers	VBZ
the	DT
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
education	NN
program	NN
,	,
s\/he	NN
must	MD
collaborate	VB
with	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
teachers	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
the	DT
LEP	NNP
student	NN
receives	VBZ
the	DT
content	NN
standards	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
education	NN
program	NN
.	.
Individuals	NNS
who	WP
previously	RB
were	VBD
issued	VBN
a	DT
Gifted	NNP
Education	NNP
endorsement	NN
for	IN
only	RB
those	DT
grade	NN
levels	NNS
that	WDT
appeared	VBD
on	IN
their	PRP$
general	JJ
education	NN
or	CC
career\/technical	JJ
education	NN
certificates	NNS
may	MD
request	VB
the	DT
1-12	CD
grade	NN
level	NN
endorsement	NN
by	IN
submitting	VBG
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
application	NN
to	TO
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
.	.
If	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
later	RB
determined	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
applicant	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
eligible	JJ
,	,
the	DT
State	NNP
Superintendent	NNP
may	MD
authorize	VB
payment	NN
by	IN
the	DT
county	NN
board	NN
of	IN
education	NN
to	TO
the	DT
applicant	NN
for	IN
a	DT
time	NN
not	RB
exceeding	VBG
three	CD
school	NN
months	NNS
or	CC
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
notification	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
ineligibility	NN
,	,
whichever	WDT
occurs	VBZ
first	RB
-LRB-	-LRB-
Refer	VB
to	TO
W.	NNP
Va.	NNP
Career\/Technical	NNP
Education	NNP
Certificate	NNP
shall	MD
be	VB
based	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
unless	IN
the	DT
permit	NN
or	CC
certificate	NN
is	VBZ
issued	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
a	DT
master	NN
's	POS
or	CC
doctoral	JJ
degree	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
case	NN
the	DT
salary	NN
will	MD
be	VB
at	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
degree	NN
level	NN
.	.
Reimbursement	NN
for	IN
courses	NNS
completed	VBN
toward	IN
certification	NN
renewal	NN
is	VBZ
limited	VBN
to	TO
fifteen	CD
semester	NN
hours	NNS
of	IN
courses	NNS
for	IN
any	DT
teacher	NN
.	.
An	DT
educator	NN
may	MD
be	VB
reimbursed	VBN
for	IN
an	DT
unlimited	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
hours	NNS
when	WRB
working	VBG
on	IN
an	DT
additional	JJ
endorsement	NN
in	IN
a	DT
verified	VBN
shortage	NN
area	NN
.	.
The	DT
educator	NN
must	MD
have	VB
completed	VBN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
college	NN
or	CC
university	NN
coursework	NN
with	IN
a	DT
minimum	JJ
3.0	CD
GPA	NNP
.	.
Certification	NN
Program	NN
may	MD
submit	VB
a	DT
request	NN
for	IN
reimbursement	NN
of	IN
one-half	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fee	NN
by	IN
submitting	VBG
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
application	NN
to	TO
the	DT
WVDE	NNP
with	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
documentation	NN
,	,
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
canceled	VBN
check	NN
verifying	VBG
payment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
assessment	NN
fee	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
reimbursement	NN
is	VBZ
requested	VBN
,	,
and	CC
documentation	NN
that	IN
the	DT
candidate	NN
is	VBZ
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
NBPTS	NNP
Certification	NNP
Program	NNP
.	.
In	IN
those	DT
circumstances	NNS
where	WRB
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
has	VBZ
not	RB
altered	JJ
either	CC
the	DT
required	JJ
test	NN
or	CC
the	DT
passing	VBG
score	NN
,	,
the	DT
test	NN
and	CC
score	NN
shall	MD
remain	VB
valid	JJ
beyond	IN
the	DT
ten-year	JJ
period	NN
.	.
See	VB
section	NN
8.5	CD
in	IN
Policy	NNP
5100	CD
for	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
detailed	JJ
explanation	NN
of	IN
testing	NN
requirements	NNS
,	,
particularly	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
apply	VBP
to	TO
experienced	JJ
educators	NNS
.	.
NOTE	VB
:	:
All	DT
programs	NNS
leading	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
Chemistry\/Physics	JJ
endorsement	NN
must	MD
meet	VB
the	DT
standards	NNS
listed	VBN
within	IN
this	DT
section	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
those	DT
listed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Physics	NNP
section	NN
.	.
All	DT
individuals	NNS
completing	VBG
a	DT
program	NN
leading	VBG
to	TO
an	DT
endorsement	NN
in	IN
Chemistry\/Physics	NNP
must	MD
meet	VB
all	DT
test	NN
requirements	NNS
listed	VBN
within	IN
this	DT
section	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
Physics	NNP
section	NN
.	.
Character	NNP
Education	NNP
in	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
schools	NNS
is	VBZ
integrated	VBN
in	IN
several	JJ
different	JJ
ways	NNS
based	VBN
upon	IN
each	DT
individual	JJ
school	NN
or	CC
county	NN
school	NN
system	NN
.	.
In	IN
April	NNP
2001	CD
,	,
Character	NNP
Education	NNP
was	VBD
mandated	VBN
through	IN
HB	NNP
2208	CD
for	IN
all	DT
schools	NNS
to	TO
integrate	VB
character	NN
education	NN
into	IN
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
school	NN
culture	NN
,	,
school	NN
functions	NNS
and	CC
existing	VBG
curriculum	NN
.	.
All	DT
public	JJ
schools	NNS
PK-12	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
develop	VB
and	CC
integrate	VB
components	NNS
of	IN
character	NN
development	NN
into	IN
their	PRP$
existing	VBG
curriculum	NN
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
may	MD
incorporate	VB
such	JJ
programs	NNS
as	IN
``	``
Life	NNP
Skills	NNS
''	''
,	,
``	``
Responsible	JJ
Students	NNS
''	''
,	,
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
program	NN
encompassing	VBG
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
components	NNS
:	:
honesty	NN
,	,
caring	NN
,	,
citizenship	NN
,	,
justice	NN
,	,
fairness	NN
,	,
respect	NN
,	,
and	CC
responsibility	NN
.	.
The	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
during	IN
the	DT
Safe	NNP
Schools	NNP
Conference	NNP
2001	CD
trained	JJ
approximately	RB
200	CD
educators	NNS
in	IN
national	JJ
character	NN
education	NN
models	NNS
for	IN
integrating	VBG
character	NN
education	NN
throughout	IN
the	DT
school	NN
curriculum	NN
and	CC
school	NN
environment	NN
.	.
The	DT
models	NNS
represented	VBD
where	WRB
the	DT
following	NN
:	:
Character	NNP
Counts	VBZ
!	.
,	,
Character	NNP
Centered	NNP
Teaching	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Giraffe	NNP
Heroes	NNPS
Program	NNP
.	.
In	IN
March	NNP
2002	CD
,	,
an	DT
additional	JJ
120	CD
educators	NNS
where	WRB
trained	VBN
by	IN
Dr.	NNP
Phil	NNP
Vincent	NNP
on	IN
``	``
Developing	VBG
Character	NNP
in	IN
Students	NNS
''	''
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
2002	CD
Center	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
Summer	NNP
workshops	NNS
approximately	RB
960	CD
educators	NNS
attended	VBD
workshops	NNS
at	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
eight	CD
regional	JJ
sites	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
integration	NN
of	IN
character	NN
education	NN
.	.
The	DT
presenters	NNS
during	IN
these	DT
sessions	NNS
were	VBD
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Schools	NNP
presenting	VBG
Best	JJS
Practice	NN
Sessions	NNP
.	.
Schools	NNP
around	IN
the	DT
State	NN
are	VBP
implementing	VBG
character	NN
education	NN
in	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
ways	NNS
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
for	IN
character	NN
education	NN
to	TO
be	VB
effective	JJ
and	CC
have	VBP
long	JJ
lasting	JJ
results	NNS
,	,
character	NN
education	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
developed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
parents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
community	NN
.	.
Schools	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
using	VBG
the	DT
character	NN
education	NN
professional	JJ
development	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
the	DT
prevention	NN
programs	NNS
currently	RB
in	IN
place	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
instructional	JJ
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
subject	JJ
area	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
,	,
well	RB
disciplined	VBN
,	,
safe	JJ
and	CC
caring	VBG
school	NN
environment	NN
for	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
Caring	NNP
Habits	NNPS
of	IN
the	DT
Month	NNP
Adventure	NNP
Project	NNP
was	VBD
presented	VBN
to	TO
approximately	RB
100	CD
educators	NNS
in	IN
March	NNP
2004	CD
.	.
Since	IN
then	RB
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
has	VBZ
developed	VBN
a	DT
contract	NN
with	IN
Caring	JJ
Habits	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
statewide	JJ
framework	NN
for	IN
implementing	VBG
character	NN
education	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
receive	VB
information	NN
periodically	RB
concerning	VBG
character	NN
education	NN
updates	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
development	NN
opportunties	NNS
and	CC
resources	NNS
,	,
please	VB
send	VB
Lisa	NNP
Burton	NNP
an	DT
email	NN
at	IN
lgburton@access.k12.wv.us	CD
to	TO
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
listserv	NN
.	.
This	DT
Comprehensive	NNP
Guidance	NNP
and	CC
Counseling	NN
Program	NN
Manual	NNP
provides	VBZ
an	DT
important	JJ
framework	NN
for	IN
a	DT
developmental	JJ
,	,
sequential	JJ
program	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
model	NN
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
core	NN
of	IN
the	DT
framework	NN
lies	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
student	NN
centered	VBN
standards	NNS
and	CC
competencies	NNS
,	,
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
model	NN
is	VBZ
driven	VBN
by	IN
school	NN
wide	JJ
data	NNS
that	WDT
points	VBZ
to	TO
student	NN
needs	NNS
.	.
To	TO
provide	VB
background	NN
for	IN
all	DT
stakeholders	NNS
in	IN
schools	NNS
for	IN
understanding	VBG
the	DT
paradigm	NN
shift	NN
in	IN
school	NN
counseling	NN
from	IN
monitoring	VBG
process	NN
and	CC
measuring	VBG
services	NNS
delivered	VBN
to	TO
focusing	VBG
also	RB
on	IN
and	CC
measuring	VBG
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
school	NN
counseling	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
.	.
To	TO
provide	VB
practical	JJ
support	NN
for	IN
the	DT
school	NN
counselor	NN
by	IN
its	PRP$
inclusion	NN
of	IN
program	NN
implementation	NN
and	CC
best	JJS
practices	NNS
sections	NNS
.	.
A	DT
categorized	VBN
resource	NN
listing	NN
offers	VBZ
assistance	NN
to	TO
school	NN
counselors	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
lead	VBP
the	DT
way	NN
to	TO
address	VB
student	NN
needs	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
respective	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
Essential	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
successful	JJ
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
programmatic	JJ
model	NN
are	VBP
two	CD
basic	JJ
beliefs	NNS
:	:
Students	NNS
are	VBP
more	RBR
important	JJ
than	IN
the	DT
system	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
school	NN
counselor	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
essential	JJ
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
educational	JJ
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
information	NN
provided	VBN
under	IN
the	DT
School	NNP
Closings	NNPS
Website	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
under	IN
the	DT
control	NN
of	IN
the	DT
WV	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
WV	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
makes	VBZ
no	DT
representations	NNS
,	,
warranties	NNS
or	CC
guarantees	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
accuracy	NN
or	CC
timeliness	NN
of	IN
the	DT
information	NN
posted	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
Closings	NNP
Website	NNP
.	.
County	NNP
Offices	NNS
assume	VBP
any	DT
and	CC
all	DT
risk	NN
associated	VBN
with	IN
relying	VBG
upon	IN
the	DT
accuracy	NN
and	CC
timeliness	NN
of	IN
the	DT
information	NN
presented	VBN
.	.
Information	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
concerning	VBG
etiquette	NN
,	,
the	DT
braille	NN
code	NN
,	,
the	DT
white	JJ
cane	NN
,	,
anatomy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
eye	NN
,	,
myths	NNS
and	CC
misconceptions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
inspirational	JJ
stories	NNS
about	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
blind	JJ
and	CC
visually	RB
impaired	VBN
.	.
Learn	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
blindness	NN
awareness	NN
.	.
This	DT
section	NN
contains	VBZ
resources	NNS
and	CC
adaptations	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
with	IN
visual	JJ
impairments	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
intended	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
them	PRP
achieve	VB
proficiency	NN
in	IN
all	DT
academic	JJ
subjects	NNS
from	IN
language	NN
arts	NNS
,	,
math	NN
,	,
science	NN
,	,
and	CC
social	JJ
studies	NNS
to	TO
art	NN
,	,
music	NN
and	CC
physical	JJ
education	NN
.	.
Learn	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
providing	VBG
students	NNS
with	IN
visual	JJ
impairments	NNS
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
core	NN
curriculum	NN
.	.
The	DT
expanded	VBN
core	NN
curriculum	NN
refers	VBZ
to	TO
specialized	VBN
skills	NNS
needed	VBN
by	IN
students	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
blind	JJ
and	CC
visually	RB
impaired	VBN
to	TO
access	NN
and	CC
participate	VB
meaningfully	RB
and	CC
independently	RB
in	IN
the	DT
core	NN
curriculum	NN
through	IN
specialized	VBN
instruction	NN
in	IN
assistive	JJ
technology	NN
,	,
communication	NN
skills	NNS
,	,
travel	NN
skills	NNS
,	,
daily	RB
living	VBG
skills	NNS
,	,
vocational	JJ
skills	NNS
,	,
and	CC
visual	JJ
skills	NNS
.	.
Learn	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
the	DT
expanded	VBN
core	NN
curriculum	NN
.	.
Specific	JJ
populations	NNS
refer	VBP
to	TO
students	NNS
with	IN
visual	JJ
impairments	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
additional	JJ
considerations	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
deafblind	JJ
,	,
second	JJ
language	NN
learners	NNS
,	,
pre-school	JJ
age	NN
,	,
or	CC
who	WP
have	VBP
multiple	JJ
disabilities	NNS
.	.
Also	RB
included	VBN
are	VBP
the	DT
individuals	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
involved	VBN
with	IN
students	NNS
with	IN
visual	JJ
impairments	NNS
.	.
These	DT
include	VBP
parents	NNS
,	,
general	JJ
educators	NNS
,	,
administrators	NNS
,	,
school	NN
psychologists	NNS
,	,
paraprofessionals	NNS
,	,
related	JJ
service	NN
providers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
teachers	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
with	IN
visual	JJ
disabilities	NNS
.	.
Learn	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
specific	JJ
populations	NNS
.	.
This	DT
Toolbox	NNP
contains	VBZ
items	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
developing	VBG
self-determination	NN
skills	NNS
.	.
Visit	NN
this	DT
toolbox	NN
to	TO
gather	VB
ideas	NNS
on	IN
ways	NNS
to	TO
support	VB
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
this	DT
skill	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
deaf	JJ
or	CC
hard	JJ
of	IN
hearing	VBG
Self	NNP
Determination	NNP
.	.
IDEA	NN
requires	VBZ
that	IN
IEP	NNP
teams	NNS
consider	VBP
the	DT
communication	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
deaf	JJ
and	CC
hard	JJ
of	IN
hearing	NN
.	.
Regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
communication	NN
mode	NN
,	,
teams	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
plan	VB
for	IN
providing	VBG
full	JJ
communication	NN
access	NN
for	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
entire	JJ
day	NN
.	.
Here	RB
are	VBP
some	DT
tools	NNS
for	IN
teams	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
in	IN
planning	NN
and	CC
providing	VBG
communication	NN
access	NN
.	.
The	DT
Deaf	NNP
Education	NNP
Master	NNP
Teacher	NN
Project	NN
has	VBZ
made	VBN
available	JJ
multiple	JJ
and	CC
practical	JJ
solution	NN
focused	VBD
information	NN
for	IN
educating	VBG
students	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
deaf	JJ
or	CC
hard	JJ
of	IN
hearing	NN
.	.
Information	NNP
showcased	VBD
was	VBD
developed	VBN
by	IN
teachers	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
identified	VBN
as	IN
Masters	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
.	.
Examples	NNS
of	IN
topics	NNS
include	VBP
making	VBG
information	NN
visible	JJ
,	,
phonics	NNS
,	,
sign	NN
language	NN
,	,
incorporating	VBG
technology	NN
into	IN
lessons	NNS
,	,
ASL	NNP
and	CC
English	NNP
literacy	NN
,	,
self-advocacy	NN
,	,
use	NN
of	IN
interpreters	NNS
,	,
language	NN
and	CC
vocabulary	NN
development	NN
,	,
tips	NNS
for	IN
itinerant	JJ
teachers	NNS
,	,
deaf	JJ
culture	NN
and	CC
deaf	JJ
role	NN
models	NNS
,	,
family	NN
involvement	NN
,	,
and	CC
many	JJ
more	JJR
.	.
HE	PRP
.5.3.1	CD
distinguish	NN
between	IN
safe	JJ
and	CC
risky	JJ
or	CC
harmful	JJ
behaviors	NNS
in	IN
relationships	NNS
and	CC
list	NN
strategies	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
anger	NN
management	NN
,	,
peer	VB
pressure	NN
reversal	NN
,	,
self-protective	JJ
strategies	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
reduce	VB
threatening	JJ
situations	NNS
.	.
HE	PRP
.	.
HS	NNP
.1.2	CD
discriminate	JJ
between	IN
the	DT
positive	JJ
and	CC
potentially	RB
negative	JJ
effects	NNS
of	IN
local	JJ
and	CC
global	JJ
environmental	JJ
health	NN
problems	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
pollution	NN
--	:
air	NN
,	,
land	NN
,	,
water	NN
,	,
noise	NN
,	,
exposure	NN
to	TO
sun	NN
,	,
pesticides	NNS
,	,
food	NN
production	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
HE	PRP
.	.
HS	NNP
.1.3	CD
analyze	VB
and	CC
interpret	VB
how	WRB
public	JJ
health	NN
and	CC
social	JJ
policies	NNS
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
government	NN
regulations	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
local	JJ
,	,
state	NN
,	,
federal	JJ
,	,
world	NN
health	NN
organizations	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
influence	NN
health	NN
promotion	NN
and	CC
disease	NN
prevention	NN
.	.
HE	PRP
.	.
HS	NNP
.5.4	CD
identify	VB
potentially	RB
harmful	JJ
situations	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
domestic	JJ
violence	NN
,	,
dating	VBG
violence	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
devise	VB
strategies	NNS
and	CC
develop	VB
skills	NNS
to	TO
avoid	VB
such	JJ
situations	NNS
through	IN
refusal	NN
,	,
negotiation	NN
and	CC
collaboration	NN
skills	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
peer	VB
mediation	NN
,	,
conflict	NN
resolution	NN
,	,
support	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
constructive	JJ
``	``
I	PRP
''	''
statements	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
HE	PRP
.	.
HS	NNP
.6.1	CD
apply	VB
a	DT
decision-making	JJ
process	NN
to	TO
set	VB
goals	NNS
for	IN
various	JJ
life	NN
situations	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
food	NN
choices	NNS
,	,
weight	NN
control	NN
,	,
relationships	NNS
,	,
health	NN
care	NN
providers	NNS
,	,
making	VBG
purchases	NNS
,	,
education	NN
and	CC
career	NN
options	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
HE	PRP
.	.
HS	NNP
.7.4	CD
identify	VB
school	NN
support	NN
staff	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
counselors	NNS
,	,
nurses	NNS
,	,
professionals	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
community	NN
health	NN
services	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
Big	NNP
Brothers	NNPS
,	,
mental	JJ
health	NN
facilities	NNS
,	,
ministerial	JJ
counseling	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
describe	VBP
the	DT
impact	NN
this	DT
service	NN
has	VBZ
on	IN
individual	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
community	NN
health	NN
.	.
HE	PRP
.	.
K.	NNP
3.4	CD
identify	VB
household	NN
poisons	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
symbols	NNS
and	CC
drugs	NNS
and	CC
medicines	NNS
to	TO
avoid	VB
without	IN
supervised	VBN
use	NN
,	,
HE	PRP
.	.
K.	NNP
3.5	CD
identify	VB
actions	NNS
that	WDT
might	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
accidents	NNS
or	CC
dangerous	JJ
situations	NNS
at	IN
school	NN
or	CC
in	IN
the	DT
community	NN
.	.
Lisa	NNP
Burton	NNP
has	VBZ
worked	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
for	IN
seven	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Prior	RB
to	TO
her	PRP$
work	NN
with	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
,	,
she	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
school	NN
counselor	NN
for	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
she	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
licensed	JJ
professional	JJ
counselor	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
LPC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
a	DT
nationally	RB
certified	VBN
school	NN
counselor	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
NCC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
an	DT
approved	VBN
Licensed	NNP
Professional	NNP
Supervisor	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ALPS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
certified	VBN
K-12	NN
in	IN
school	NN
counseling	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
an	DT
educational	JJ
specialist	NN
degree	NN
in	IN
school	NN
counseling	NN
.	.
Have	NNP
students	NNS
compare	VBP
rules	NNS
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
adults	NNS
reported	VBD
.	.
How	WRB
many	JJ
reported	VBD
the	DT
same	JJ
rule	NN
?	.
Are	VBP
any	DT
rules	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
the	DT
Student	NNP
Code	NNP
of	IN
Conduct	NNP
the	DT
same	JJ
as	IN
reported	VBN
through	IN
these	DT
interviews	NNS
?	.
Which	WDT
ones	NNS
?	.
``	``
The	DT
bus	NN
will	MD
be	VB
here	RB
any	DT
minute	NN
,	,
''	''
John	NNP
thought	VBD
.	.
His	PRP$
stomach	NN
was	VBD
already	RB
upset	VBN
because	IN
he	PRP
knew	VBD
it	PRP
would	MD
start	VB
again	RB
when	WRB
he	PRP
got	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
bus	NN
.	.
The	DT
teasing	NN
had	VBD
been	VBN
bad	JJ
enough	RB
,	,
but	CC
now	RB
they	PRP
were	VBD
punching	VBG
and	CC
kicking	VBG
him	PRP
.	.
Every	DT
day	NN
it	PRP
got	VBD
worse	JJR
and	CC
no	DT
one	NN
seemed	VBD
willing	JJ
to	TO
help	VB
him	PRP
.	.
He	PRP
had	VBD
told	VBN
the	DT
bus	NN
driver	NN
what	WDT
was	VBD
happening	VBG
,	,
but	CC
was	VBD
told	VBN
,	,
``	``
Just	RB
be	VB
a	DT
man	NN
about	IN
it	PRP
.	.
''	''
MERIT	NN
mentor	NN
teachers	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
MMTs	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
at	IN
least	JJS
one	CD
from	IN
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
55	CD
county	NN
school	NN
systems	NNS
and	CC
more	JJR
in	IN
higher	JJR
population	NN
counties	NNS
.	.
Working	VBG
with	IN
mathematicians	NNS
and	CC
mathematics	NNS
educators	NNS
from	IN
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
,	,
this	DT
group	NN
serves	VBZ
all	DT
school	NN
systems	NNS
in	IN
WV	NNP
.	.
Project	NNP
MERIT	NNP
will	MD
provide	VB
for	IN
the	DT
systematic	JJ
delivery	NN
of	IN
instruction	NN
in	IN
the	DT
pedagogical	JJ
content	NN
knowledge	NN
of	IN
mathematics	NN
to	TO
more	JJR
than	IN
950	CD
mathematics	NNS
teachers	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
grades	NNS
6-8	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
throughout	IN
the	DT
state	NN
of	IN
West	NNP
Virginia	NNP
.	.
The	DT
teacher	NN
will	MD
show	VB
the	DT
plates	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
class	NN
and	CC
ask	VB
the	DT
students	NNS
to	TO
identify	VB
the	DT
meal	NN
illustrated	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
plate	NN
.	.
Is	VBZ
it	PRP
breakfast	NN
,	,
lunch	NN
or	CC
dinner	NN
?	.
This	DT
may	MD
be	VB
done	VBN
in	IN
small	JJ
groups	NNS
or	CC
large	JJ
group	NN
instruction	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
will	MD
distinguish	VB
between	IN
safe	JJ
and	CC
risky	JJ
or	CC
harmful	JJ
behaviors	NNS
in	IN
relationships	NNS
and	CC
list	NN
strategies	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
anger	NN
management	NN
,	,
peer	VB
pressure	NN
reversal	NN
,	,
self-protecive	JJ
strategies	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
reduce	VB
threatening	JJ
situations	NNS
.	.
Students	NNS
will	MD
recall	VB
communication	NN
skills	NNS
needed	VBN
with	IN
conflict	NN
resolution	NN
and	CC
relating	VBG
feelings	NNS
in	IN
positive	JJ
and	CC
proactive	JJ
ways	NNS
;	:
and	CC
recognize	VB
aggressive	JJ
,	,
passive	JJ
and	CC
assertive	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
respond	VB
to	TO
conflict	NN
.	.
Fourth	JJ
grade	NN
students	NNS
performing	VBG
at	IN
the	DT
mastery	NN
level	NN
will	MD
state	VB
all	DT
forms	NNS
of	IN
communication	NN
to	TO
express	VB
feelings	NNS
;	:
recognize	VB
positive	JJ
personal	JJ
qualities	NNS
and	CC
list	NN
those	DT
needed	VBN
for	IN
making	VBG
and	CC
keeping	VBG
friends	NNS
.	.
Discuss	VB
with	IN
students	NNS
the	DT
meaning	NN
of	IN
``	``
I	PRP
''	''
statements	NNS
.	.
By	IN
using	VBG
an	DT
``	``
I	PRP
''	''
statement	NN
,	,
the	DT
persons	NNS
speaking	NN
is	VBZ
accepting	VBG
responsibility	NN
for	IN
his\/her	NN
own	JJ
feelings	NNS
,	,
thoughts	NNS
,	,
and	CC
behavior	NN
.	.
Sometimes	RB
when	WRB
we	PRP
are	VBP
upset	VBN
we	PRP
blame	VBP
other	JJ
people	NNS
.	.
The	DT
teacher	NN
will	MD
model	VB
an	DT
``	``
I	PRP
''	''
statement	NN
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
:	:
``	``
I	PRP
felt	VBD
angry	JJ
when	WRB
you	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
invite	VB
me	PRP
to	TO
your	PRP$
party	NN
.	.
I	PRP
felt	VBD
left	VBN
out	RP
.	.
''	''
These	DT
statements	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
blaming	VBG
.	.
The	DT
speaker	NN
takes	VBZ
the	DT
responsibility	NN
for	IN
his\/her	NN
feelings	NNS
.	.
Students	NNS
may	MD
work	VB
in	IN
pairs	NNS
to	TO
complete	VB
the	DT
interactive	JJ
quiz	NN
at	IN
the	DT
URL	NNP
listed	VBN
below	RB
.	.
This	DT
site	NN
provides	VBZ
lots	NNS
of	IN
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
nutrients	NNS
contained	VBN
in	IN
foods	NNS
from	IN
each	DT
level	NN
of	IN
the	DT
food	NN
pyramid	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
the	DT
body	NN
uses	VBZ
them	PRP
.	.
Students	NNS
will	MD
list	VB
situations	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
board	NN
or	CC
on	IN
poster	NN
paper	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
people	NNS
find	VBP
themselves	PRP
throughout	IN
life	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
attending	VBG
a	DT
new	JJ
school	NN
,	,
going	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
place	NN
where	WRB
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
know	VB
the	DT
other	JJ
people	NNS
,	,
traveling	VBG
alone	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Sometimes	RB
these	DT
situations	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
safe	JJ
and	CC
at	IN
other	JJ
times	NNS
they	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
.	.
Have	VBP
the	DT
class	NN
to	TO
hi	VB
light	JJ
or	CC
check	VB
off	RP
situations	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
uncomfortable	JJ
or	CC
unsafe	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
being	VBG
at	IN
a	DT
party	NN
where	WRB
drugs	NNS
or	CC
alcohol	NN
are	VBP
being	VBG
used	VBN
,	,
riding	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
car	NN
with	IN
someone	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
drinking	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
``	``
EXERCISE	VB
:	:
Exercise	NN
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
effective	JJ
methods	NNS
of	IN
stress	NN
management	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
nothing	NN
else	RB
to	TO
reduce	VB
the	DT
harmful	JJ
effects	NNS
of	IN
stress	NN
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
exercise	VB
.	.
Exercise	NN
not	RB
only	RB
strengthens	VBZ
your	PRP$
body	NN
and	CC
increases	NNS
your	PRP$
stamina	NN
so	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
physically	RB
more	RBR
capable	JJ
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
stress	NN
,	,
it	PRP
also	RB
lowers	VBZ
your	PRP$
blood	NN
pressure	NN
,	,
relaxes	VBZ
your	PRP$
muscles	NNS
,	,
reduces	VBZ
heart	NN
rate	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
Many	JJ
people	NNS
find	VBP
that	IN
exercise	NN
promotes	VBZ
mental	JJ
stimulation	NN
and	CC
tranquility	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
invigorates	NNS
and	CC
relaxes	NNS
.	.
Chemicals	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
endorphins	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
released	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
body	NN
during	IN
physical	JJ
activity	NN
,	,
which	WDT
produces	VBZ
a	DT
``	``
natural	JJ
high	JJ
.	.
''	''
Although	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
way	NN
to	TO
exercise	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
use	VB
your	PRP$
whole	JJ
body	NN
and	CC
cardiovascular	JJ
system	NN
in	IN
a	DT
workout	NN
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
times	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
also	RB
do	VB
exercises	NNS
as	IN
simple	JJ
as	IN
stretches	NNS
.	.
''	''
Invite	VB
the	DT
students	NNS
to	TO
join	VB
you	PRP
in	IN
a	DT
stretch	NN
break	NN
.	.
Direct	JJ
students	NNS
to	TO
``	``
stretch	VB
both	DT
arms	NNS
up	IN
toward	IN
the	DT
ceiling	NN
with	IN
hands	NNS
and	CC
fingers	NNS
outstretched	VBN
.	.
stretch	NN
.	.
then	RB
drop	VB
,	,
relax	VB
,	,
let	VB
's	POS
go	VB
!	.
''	''
Repeat	NN
the	DT
stretch	NN
.	.
Finally	RB
announce	VB
that	IN
those	DT
students	NNS
who	WP
think	VBP
this	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
silly	JJ
exercise	NN
and	CC
believe	VB
the	DT
group	NN
should	MD
be	VB
more	RBR
serious	JJ
should	MD
use	VB
their	PRP$
right	JJ
hip	NN
and	CC
write	VB
the	DT
Pledge	NNP
of	IN
Allegiance	NNP
or	CC
the	DT
National	NNP
Anthem	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
school	NN
song	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
IMAGERY	NN
:	:
Encourage	VB
students	NNS
to	TO
design	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
relaxation	NN
scene	NN
.	.
It	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
a	DT
place	NN
they	PRP
like	VBP
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
relax	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
beach	NN
,	,
fishing	NN
hole	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
anyplace	NN
they	PRP
can	MD
imagine	VB
as	IN
a	DT
restful	JJ
place	NN
.	.
Ask	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
close	VB
their	PRP$
eyes	NNS
and	CC
picture	NN
the	DT
scene	NN
.	.
What	WP
are	VBP
the	DT
shapes	NNS
,	,
the	DT
sounds	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
smells	VBZ
?	.
Whenever	IN
they	PRP
feel	VBP
under	IN
stress	NN
they	PRP
can	MD
take	VB
a	DT
``	``
mental	JJ
vacation	NN
,	,
''	''
closes	VBZ
their	PRP$
eyes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
conjures	VBZ
up	RP
this	DT
scene	NN
.	.
``	``
Each	DT
time	NN
you	PRP
breathe	VBP
,	,
concentrate	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
feelings	NNS
and	CC
changes	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
body	NN
that	IN
occur	VBP
with	IN
each	DT
breath	NN
.	.
Listen	VB
to	TO
your	PRP$
breath	NN
,	,
hearing	VBG
the	DT
sounds	NNS
of	IN
breathing	NN
in	IN
and	CC
out	IN
.	.
Allow	VB
the	DT
thoughts	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
day	NN
to	TO
be	VB
forgotten	VBN
.	.
Repeat	NN
a	DT
special	JJ
word	NN
rather	RB
than	IN
listening	VBG
to	TO
your	PRP$
breathing	NN
if	IN
this	DT
works	VBZ
better	RBR
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Fifteen	CD
minutes	NNS
of	IN
meditation	NN
can	MD
be	VB
effective	JJ
in	IN
reducing	VBG
tensions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
more	RBR
you	PRP
practice	NN
,	,
the	DT
less	JJR
your	PRP$
mind	NN
will	MD
wander	VB
as	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
this	DT
.	.
''	''
Level	NNP
:	:
Students	NNS
will	MD
compare	VB
safety	NN
guidelines	NNS
for	IN
preventing	VBG
unintentional	JJ
and	CC
intentional	JJ
injuries	NNS
;	:
list	NN
appropriate	JJ
procedures	NNS
to	TO
prevent	VB
pregnancy	NN
with	IN
emphasis	NN
on	IN
abstinence	NN
;	:
review	VB
the	DT
laws	NNS
and	CC
policies	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
harassment	NN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
community	NN
and	CC
job	NN
setting	NN
and	CC
recall	VBP
school	NN
rules	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
harassment	NN
;	:
and	CC
identify	VB
the	DT
signs	NNS
of	IN
various	JJ
self-destructive	JJ
behaviors	NNS
.	.
Lead	JJ
a	DT
discussion	NN
on	IN
the	DT
dangers	NNS
of	IN
having	VBG
sex	NN
at	IN
their	PRP$
age	NN
.	.
Have	NNP
students	NNS
generate	VBP
dangers	NNS
and	CC
write	VB
them	PRP
on	IN
the	DT
board	NN
.	.
Divide	VB
students	NNS
into	IN
groups	NNS
of	IN
four	CD
or	CC
five	CD
.	.
Challenge	NNP
students	NNS
to	TO
list	NN
as	IN
many	JJ
ways	NNS
as	IN
possible	JJ
of	IN
expressing	VBG
affection	NN
without	IN
having	VBG
sexual	JJ
intercourse	NN
.	.
Have	NNP
one	CD
student	NN
from	IN
each	DT
group	NN
write	VB
suggestions	NNS
on	IN
flip	JJ
chart	NN
.	.
Level	NNP
:	:
Students	NNS
will	MD
state	VB
the	DT
different	JJ
cultural	JJ
beliefs	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
impact	NN
on	IN
health	NN
behaviors	NNS
;	:
determine	VB
cause	NN
and	CC
effect	NN
of	IN
peer	VB
harassment	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
this	DT
impacts	NNS
total	VBP
health	NN
;	:
research	NN
,	,
with	IN
assistance	NN
,	,
historical	JJ
events	NNS
pertaining	VBG
to	TO
individual\/group	JJ
differences	NNS
and	CC
recognize	VB
the	DT
impact	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
events	NNS
on	IN
laws	NNS
and	CC
social	JJ
norms	NNS
;	:
and	CC
review	VB
ATOD	NNP
media	NNS
messages	NNS
and	CC
interpret	VB
them	PRP
with	IN
assistance	NN
.	.
Draw	VB
a	DT
rectangle	NN
on	IN
the	DT
board	NN
,	,
the	DT
head	NN
of	IN
the	DT
company	NN
sits	VBZ
at	IN
the	DT
head	NN
of	IN
the	DT
table	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
draw	VB
a	DT
square	NN
at	IN
one	CD
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
rectangle	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
asks	VBZ
the	DT
others	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
solve	VB
the	DT
problems	NNS
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
give	VB
advice	NN
.	.
The	DT
board	NN
of	IN
directors	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
draw	VB
squares	NNS
around	IN
the	DT
remaining	VBG
sides	NNS
of	IN
table	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
gives	VBZ
their	PRP$
opinions	NNS
and	CC
argues	VBZ
among	IN
themselves	PRP
about	IN
what	WP
should	MD
be	VB
done	VBN
.	.
The	DT
head	NN
of	IN
the	DT
company	NN
listens	VBZ
and	CC
makes	VBZ
the	DT
final	JJ
decisions	NNS
.	.
Suggest	VB
to	TO
students	NNS
that	WDT
when	WRB
they	PRP
make	VBP
a	DT
decision	NN
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
like	IN
the	DT
head	NN
of	IN
a	DT
company	NN
with	IN
their	PRP$
board	NN
of	IN
directors	NNS
.	.
Their	PRP$
parents	NNS
,	,
friends	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
important	JJ
people	NNS
sit	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
board	NN
and	CC
influence	NN
what	WP
they	PRP
decide	VBP
.	.
Some	DT
people	NNS
,	,
like	IN
friends	NNS
and	CC
parents	NNS
,	,
have	VBP
influence	NN
because	IN
one	CD
wants	VBZ
to	TO
please	VB
them	PRP
.	.
Parents	NNS
and	CC
grandparents	NNS
may	MD
influence	VB
them	PRP
because	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
instilled	VBN
strong	JJ
values	NNS
in	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Have	NNP
each	DT
student	NN
answer	VB
the	DT
following	VBG
questions	NNS
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Who	WP
influences	VBZ
you	PRP
on	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
basis	NN
?	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
How	WRB
do	VB
your	PRP$
friends	NNS
influence	VB
your	PRP$
decisions	NNS
?	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
Who	WP
on	IN
your	PRP$
board	NN
of	IN
directors	NNS
helps	VBZ
you	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
wise	JJ
,	,
healthy	JJ
decisions	NNS
?	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
Who	WP
,	,
if	IN
any	DT
,	,
on	IN
your	PRP$
board	NN
of	IN
directors	NNS
continually	RB
influences	VBZ
you	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
unhealthy	JJ
decisions	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
you	PRP
later	RB
regret	VB
?	.
And	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
5	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
What	WP
can	MD
you	PRP
learn	VB
from	IN
this	DT
activity	NN
to	TO
use	VB
in	IN
future	JJ
decision	NN
making	VBG
?	.
After	IN
students	NNS
have	VBP
learned	VBN
to	TO
read	VB
food	NN
labels	NNS
and	CC
calculate	VB
the	DT
percentage	NN
of	IN
fat	JJ
contained	VBN
in	IN
each	DT
serving	VBG
,	,
explain	VB
the	DT
formula	NN
for	IN
calculating	VBG
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
calories	NNS
they	PRP
must	MD
take	VB
in	RP
to	TO
maintain	VB
their	PRP$
desired	VBN
body	NN
weight	NN
.	.
Relate	VB
the	DT
following	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
class	NN
:	:
``	``
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
steps	NNS
in	IN
making	VBG
a	DT
good	JJ
decision	NN
is	VBZ
knowing	VBG
what	WP
you	PRP
want	VBP
and	CC
what	WP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
After	IN
all	DT
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
care	VB
what	WP
happens	VBZ
,	,
it	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
matter	VB
if	IN
you	PRP
make	VBP
a	DT
good	JJ
decision	NN
.	.
Today	NN
you	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
choose	VB
among	IN
some	DT
things	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
important	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
or	CC
that	DT
may	MD
be	VB
important	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
some	DT
day	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
Imagine	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
given	VBN
5,000	CD
Life	NNP
Units	NNS
.	.
Life	NNP
Units	NNS
are	VBP
similar	JJ
to	TO
dollars	NNS
in	IN
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
both	DT
valuable	JJ
and	CC
are	VBP
transferable	JJ
.	.
Life	NNP
units	NNS
are	VBP
much	RB
more	RBR
valuable	JJ
than	IN
money	NN
because	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
imaginary	JJ
units	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
an	DT
represent	VBP
what	WP
you	PRP
think	VBP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
''	''
``	``
The	DT
handout	NN
you	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
given	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
on	IN
the	DT
board	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
items	NNS
you	PRP
may	MD
want	VB
to	TO
have	VB
in	IN
life	NN
.	.
The	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
each	DT
,	,
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
Life	NNP
Units	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
also	RB
listed	VBN
.	.
Each	DT
item	NN
will	MD
be	VB
auctioned	VBN
off	RP
shortly	RB
.	.
Study	NNP
the	DT
list	NN
and	CC
determine	VB
how	WRB
you	PRP
would	MD
best	RB
like	VB
to	TO
spend	VB
all	DT
of	IN
your	PRP$
Life	NNP
Units	NNP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
units	NNS
left	VBD
at	IN
he	PRP
end	VB
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
to	TO
return	VB
them	PRP
and	CC
receive	VB
nothing	NN
in	IN
return	NN
at	IN
that	DT
point	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
your	PRP$
advantage	NN
to	TO
spend	VB
all	DT
5,000	CD
units	NNS
.	.
''	''
The	DT
auctioneer	NN
should	MD
start	VB
the	DT
auction	NN
by	IN
beginning	VBG
the	DT
bidding	NN
at	IN
1,000	CD
units	NNS
for	IN
world	NN
peace	NN
.	.
The	DT
activity	NN
should	MD
continue	VB
under	IN
the	DT
direction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
appointed	VBN
auctioneer	NN
for	IN
30	CD
minutes	NNS
or	CC
until	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
items	NNS
are	VBP
``	``
sold	VBN
.	.
''	''
The	DT
recorder	NN
's	POS
task	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
keep	VB
a	DT
running	NN
record	NN
of	IN
both	DT
items	NNS
purchased	VBD
and	CC
all	DT
units	NNS
spent	VBN
by	IN
each	DT
bidder	NN
.	.
Give	VB
each	DT
group	NN
a	DT
marker	NN
and	CC
station	NN
before	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
five	CD
dimensions	NNS
.	.
Instruct	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
consider	VB
what	WP
behaviors	NNS
,	,
characteristics	NNS
and	CC
elements	NNS
are	VBP
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
assigned	VBN
dimension	NN
.	.
Have	NNP
students	NNS
rotate	VBP
from	IN
dimension	NN
to	TO
dimension	NN
,	,
brainstorming	VBG
each	DT
.	.
Up	IN
:	:
Have	NNP
students	NNS
walk	VBP
around	IN
the	DT
room	NN
following	VBG
the	DT
last	JJ
dimension	NN
to	TO
see	VB
how	WRB
each	DT
dimension	NN
turned	VBD
out	RP
.	.
Tape	NN
the	DT
charts	NNS
so	IN
that	IN
they	PRP
overlap	VBP
each	DT
other	JJ
showing	VBG
how	WRB
each	DT
affects	VBZ
the	DT
others	NNS
.	.
Follow	VB
up	RP
with	IN
large	JJ
group	NN
discussion	NN
about	IN
how	WRB
the	DT
individual	JJ
dimensions	NNS
are	VBP
defined	VBN
,	,
overlapped	VBN
and	CC
related	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
dimensions	NNS
.	.
Conclude	VB
by	IN
asking	VBG
them	PRP
to	TO
arrive	VB
at	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
functional	JJ
definitions	NNS
of	IN
health	NN
and	CC
wellness	NN
.	.
Each	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
calculating	VBG
the	DT
approximate	JJ
total	JJ
calories	NNS
from	IN
their	PRP$
recipe	NN
and	CC
the	DT
percentage	NN
of	IN
fat	JJ
calories	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
review	NN
on	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
calculate	VB
food	NN
calories	NNS
should	MD
have	VB
preceded	VBN
this	DT
activity	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Begin	VB
the	DT
lesson	NN
by	IN
reviewing	VBG
what	WP
students	NNS
learned	VBD
about	IN
depression	NN
in	IN
the	DT
video	NN
.	.
What	WP
is	VBZ
depression	NN
?	.
What	WP
are	VBP
some	DT
different	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
depression	NN
?	.
What	WP
are	VBP
some	DT
causes	NNS
of	IN
depression	NN
?	.
Describe	VB
different	JJ
treatments	NNS
available	JJ
.	.
Next	RB
,	,
have	VBP
students	NNS
work	NN
in	IN
pairs	NNS
and	CC
discuss	VB
what	WP
facts	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
video	NN
they	PRP
found	VBD
most	RBS
surprising	JJ
.	.
Tell	VB
students	NNS
they	PRP
will	MD
choose	VB
one	CD
fact	NN
they	PRP
'd	MD
like	VB
to	TO
explore	VB
further	JJ
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
``	``
Myth	NNP
and	CC
Reality	NN
''	''
poster	NN
about	IN
that	DT
aspect	NN
of	IN
depression	NN
.	.
Their	PRP$
poster	NN
should	MD
highlight	VB
one	CD
misperception	NN
and	CC
feature	VBP
the	DT
truth	NN
.	.
Encourage	VB
students	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
facts	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
video	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
own	JJ
research	NN
.	.
They	PRP
can	MD
also	RB
include	VB
quotes	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
sources	NNS
:	:
the	DT
video	NN
,	,
their	PRP$
research	NN
,	,
or	CC
anonymous	JJ
interviews	NNS
.	.
Below	IN
are	VBP
some	DT
ideas	NNS
for	IN
common	JJ
misperceptions	NNS
about	IN
depression	NN
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
choose	VB
to	TO
use	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
spark	VB
discussion	NN
among	IN
students	NNS
.	.
``	``
logo	NN
.	.
''	''
Encyclopedia	NNP
Britannica	NNP
defines	VBZ
logo	NN
as	IN
''	''
any	DT
visible	JJ
sign	NN
or	CC
device	NN
used	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
business	NN
enterprise	NN
to	TO
identify	VB
its	PRP$
goods	NNS
and	CC
distinguish	VB
them	PRP
from	IN
those	DT
made	VBN
or	CC
carried	VBN
by	IN
others	NNS
.	.
Trademarks	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
words	NNS
or	CC
groups	NNS
of	IN
words	NNS
,	,
letters	NNS
,	,
numerals	NNS
,	,
devices	NNS
,	,
names	NNS
,	,
the	DT
shape	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
presentation	NN
of	IN
products	NNS
or	CC
their	PRP$
packages	NNS
,	,
color	NN
combinations	NNS
with	IN
signs	NNS
,	,
combinations	NNS
of	IN
colors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
combinations	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
.	.
''	''
Dictionary	NNP
of	IN
International	NNP
Trade	NNP
and	CC
Business	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
PACIFIC-DITB	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
an	DT
experimental	JJ
hypertext	NN
dictionary	NN
that	WDT
covers	VBZ
the	DT
fields	NNS
of	IN
international	JJ
trade	NN
,	,
international	JJ
business	NN
,	,
international	JJ
financial	JJ
economics	NNS
,	,
and	CC
general	JJ
macroeconomics	NNS
.	.
An	DT
easy-to-use	JJ
search	NN
interface	NN
enables	VBZ
users	NNS
to	TO
quickly	RB
locate	VB
interesting	JJ
information	NN
,	,
and	CC
hypertext	NN
links	NNS
in	IN
individual	JJ
dictionary	NN
entries	NNS
allow	VBP
users	NNS
to	TO
explore	VB
further	JJ
related	VBN
information	NN
.	.
As	IN
of	IN
August	NNP
1998	CD
,	,
the	DT
IMF\/IFS	NNP
Retrieval	NNP
System	NNP
uses	VBZ
a	DT
new	JJ
internal	JJ
database	NN
format	NN
.	.
This	DT
should	MD
make	VB
access	NN
faster	RBR
,	,
while	IN
the	DT
user	NN
interface	NN
remains	VBZ
unchanged	JJ
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
notice	VBP
any	DT
problems	NNS
caused	VBN
by	IN
this	DT
software	NN
upgrade	NN
,	,
please	VB
contact	NN
Werner	NNP
Antweiler	NNP
with	IN
a	DT
description	NN
of	IN
the	DT
problem	NN
.	.
Access	NN
to	TO
this	DT
service	NN
is	VBZ
deprecated	VBN
because	IN
this	DT
database	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
updated	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
long	JJ
while	NN
.	.
The	DT
World	NNP
Bank	NNP
has	VBZ
changed	VBN
the	DT
delivery	NN
mechanism	NN
for	IN
these	DT
data	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
data	NN
set	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
renamed	VBN
the	DT
``	``
World	NNP
Development	NNP
Indicators	NNPS
''	''
.	.
Access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
World	NNP
Tables	NNP
database	NN
is	VBZ
restricted	VBN
to	TO
current	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
staff	NN
,	,
and	CC
faculty	NN
of	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
British	NNP
Columbia	NNP
.	.
Use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
database	NN
is	VBZ
restricted	VBN
to	TO
academic	JJ
non-commercial	JJ
purposes	NNS
only	RB
.	.
University	NNP
of	IN
California	NNP
at	IN
Berkeley	NNP
,	,
Haas	NNP
School	NNP
of	IN
Business	NNP
,	,
in	IN
organizational	JJ
behavior	NN
and	CC
industrial	JJ
relations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
an	DT
MBA	NNP
from	IN
the	DT
Stanford	NNP
Graduate	NNP
School	NNP
of	IN
Business	NNP
.	.
Her	PRP$
research	NN
interests	NNS
include	VBP
corporate	JJ
strategy	NN
and	CC
interfirm	NN
relations	NNS
in	IN
Japan	NNP
,	,
human	JJ
resource	NN
management	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Japanese	JJ
firm	NN
,	,
organizational	JJ
innovation	NN
and	CC
organizational	JJ
learning	NN
in	IN
international	JJ
business	NN
,	,
and	CC
comparative	JJ
institutional	JJ
analysis	NN
in	IN
East	NNP
Asia	NNP
.	.
Professor	NNP
Ahmadjian	NNP
's	POS
current	JJ
research	NN
includes	VBZ
studies	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
structure	NN
and	CC
performance	NN
of	IN
suppliers	NNS
and	CC
large	JJ
manufacturers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Japanese	JJ
automotive	JJ
and	CC
electronics	NNS
industries	NNS
and	CC
keiretsu	NN
relations	NNS
between	IN
publicly	RB
traded	VBN
firms	NNS
in	IN
japan	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
currently	RB
working	VBG
on	IN
several	JJ
projects	NNS
including	VBG
a	DT
study	NN
of	IN
Japan	NNP
's	POS
software	NN
industry	NN
and	CC
a	DT
book	NN
exploring	VBG
how	WRB
the	DT
state	NN
managed	VBD
competition	NN
in	IN
Japan	NNP
's	POS
telecommunications	NNS
,	,
computer	NN
,	,
semiconductor	NN
,	,
software	NN
,	,
and	CC
consumer	NN
electronics	NNS
industries	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
received	VBD
her	PRP$
undergraduate	NN
,	,
masters	NNS
,	,
and	CC
Ph.D.	NNP
degree	NN
from	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
California	NNP
at	IN
Berkeley	NNP
.	.
M.A.	NNP
and	CC
B.A.	NNP
degrees	NNS
in	IN
East	JJ
Asian	JJ
Studies	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Oregon	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
has	VBZ
published	VBN
two	CD
books	NNS
and	CC
about	IN
forty	CD
articles	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
technology	NN
management	NN
and	CC
policy	NN
in	IN
Japan	NNP
,	,
institutional	JJ
environments	NNS
for	IN
technological	JJ
innovation	NN
,	,
and	CC
technology	NN
transfer	NN
.	.
University	NNP
of	IN
Illinois	NNP
,	,
Department	NNP
of	IN
Business	NNP
Administration	NNP
.	.
Prior	RB
to	TO
his	PRP$
appointment	NN
with	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Illinois	NNP
,	,
Professor	NNP
Roehl	NNP
has	VBZ
taught	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Michigan	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Washington	NNP
in	IN
Seattle	NNP
.	.
With	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
customs	NNS
duties	NNS
and	CC
charges	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
kind	NN
imposed	VBN
on	IN
or	CC
in	IN
connection	NN
with	IN
importation	NN
or	CC
exportation	NN
or	CC
imposed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
international	JJ
transfer	NN
of	IN
payments	NNS
for	IN
imports	NNS
or	CC
exports	NNS
,	,
and	CC
with	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
the	DT
method	NN
of	IN
levying	VBG
such	JJ
duties	NNS
and	CC
charges	NNS
,	,
and	CC
with	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
all	DT
rules	NNS
and	CC
formalities	NNS
in	IN
connection	NN
with	IN
importation	NN
and	CC
exportation	NN
,	,
and	CC
with	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
all	DT
matters	NNS
referred	VBD
to	TO
in	IN
paragraphs	NNS
2	CD
and	CC
4	CD
of	IN
Article	NNP
III	NNP
,	,
any	DT
advantage	NN
,	,
favor	NN
,	,
privilege	NN
or	CC
immunity	NN
granted	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
to	TO
any	DT
product	NN
originating	VBG
in	IN
or	CC
destined	VBN
for	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
country	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
accorded	VBN
immediately	RB
and	CC
unconditionally	RB
to	TO
the	DT
like	JJ
product	NN
originating	VBG
in	IN
or	CC
destined	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
territories	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
other	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
.	.
The	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
shall	MD
not	RB
apply	VB
to	TO
preferences	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
countries	NNS
formerly	RB
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Ottoman	NNP
Empire	NNP
and	CC
detached	VBN
from	IN
it	PRP
on	IN
July	NNP
24	CD
,	,
1923	CD
,	,
provided	VBD
such	JJ
preferences	NNS
are	VBP
approved	VBN
under	IN
paragraph	NN
5	CD
of	IN
Article	NNP
XXV	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
shall	MD
be	VB
applied	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
respect	NN
in	IN
the	DT
light	NN
of	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
of	IN
Article	NNP
XXIX	NNP
.	.
Such	JJ
products	NNS
shall	MD
also	RB
be	VB
exempt	JJ
from	IN
all	DT
other	JJ
duties	NNS
or	CC
charges	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
kind	NN
imposed	VBN
on	IN
or	CC
in	IN
connection	NN
with	IN
importation	NN
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
those	DT
imposed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
or	CC
those	DT
directly	RB
and	CC
mandatorily	RB
required	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
imposed	VBN
thereafter	RB
by	IN
legislation	NN
in	IN
force	NN
in	IN
the	DT
importing	VBG
territory	NN
on	IN
that	DT
date	NN
.	.
No	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
alter	VB
its	PRP$
method	NN
of	IN
determining	VBG
dutiable	JJ
value	NN
or	CC
of	IN
converting	VBG
currencies	NNS
so	RB
as	IN
to	TO
impair	VB
the	DT
value	NN
of	IN
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
concessions	NNS
provided	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
Schedule	NN
annexed	VBD
to	TO
this	DT
Agreement	NN
.	.
If	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
establishes	VBZ
,	,
maintains	VBZ
or	CC
authorizes	VBZ
,	,
formally	RB
or	CC
in	IN
effect	NN
,	,
a	DT
monopoly	NN
of	IN
the	DT
importation	NN
of	IN
any	DT
product	NN
described	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
Schedule	NN
annexed	VBD
to	TO
this	DT
Agreement	NN
,	,
such	JJ
monopoly	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
,	,
except	IN
as	IN
provided	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
that	DT
Schedule	NN
or	CC
as	IN
otherwise	RB
agreed	VBN
between	IN
the	DT
parties	NNS
which	WDT
initially	RB
negotiated	VBD
the	DT
concession	NN
,	,
operate	VBP
so	RB
as	RB
to	TO
afford	VB
protection	NN
on	IN
the	DT
average	NN
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
protection	NN
provided	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
that	DT
Schedule	NNP
.	.
The	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
paragraph	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
limit	VB
the	DT
use	NN
by	IN
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
form	NN
of	IN
assistance	NN
to	TO
domestic	JJ
producers	NNS
permitted	VBN
by	IN
other	JJ
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
.	.
If	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
considers	VBZ
that	IN
a	DT
product	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
receiving	VBG
from	IN
another	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
the	DT
treatment	NN
which	WDT
the	DT
first	JJ
contracting	NN
party	NN
believes	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
been	VBN
contemplated	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
concession	NN
provided	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
Schedule	NN
annexed	VBD
to	TO
this	DT
Agreement	NN
,	,
it	PRP
shall	MD
bring	VB
the	DT
matter	NN
directly	RB
to	TO
the	DT
attention	NN
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
latter	JJ
agrees	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
contemplated	VBN
was	VBD
that	IN
claimed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
contracting	NN
party	NN
,	,
but	CC
declares	VBZ
that	IN
such	JJ
treatment	NN
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
accorded	VBN
because	IN
a	DT
court	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
proper	JJ
authority	NN
has	VBZ
ruled	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
effect	NN
that	IN
the	DT
product	NN
involved	VBN
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
classified	VBN
under	IN
the	DT
tariff	NN
laws	NNS
of	IN
such	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
so	RB
as	IN
to	TO
permit	VB
the	DT
treatment	NN
contemplated	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
,	,
the	DT
two	CD
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
,	,
together	RB
with	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
substantially	RB
interested	JJ
,	,
shall	MD
enter	VB
promptly	RB
into	IN
further	JJ
negotiations	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
view	NN
to	TO
a	DT
compensatory	JJ
adjustment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
matter	NN
.	.
Provided	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
i.e.	FW
,	,
the	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
acting	VBG
jointly	RB
as	IN
provided	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
Article	NNP
XXV	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
concur	VBP
that	IN
such	JJ
adjustments	NNS
will	MD
not	RB
impair	VB
the	DT
value	NN
of	IN
the	DT
concessions	NNS
provided	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
Schedule	NN
or	CC
elsewhere	RB
in	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
,	,
due	JJ
account	NN
being	VBG
taken	VBN
of	IN
all	DT
factors	NNS
which	WDT
may	MD
influence	VB
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
,	,
or	CC
urgency	NN
of	IN
,	,
such	JJ
adjustments	NNS
.	.
The	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
recognize	VBP
that	IN
internal	JJ
taxes	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
internal	JJ
charges	NNS
,	,
and	CC
laws	NNS
,	,
regulations	NNS
and	CC
requirements	NNS
affecting	VBG
the	DT
internal	JJ
sale	NN
,	,
offering	VBG
for	IN
sale	NN
,	,
purchase	NN
,	,
transportation	NN
,	,
distribution	NN
or	CC
use	NN
of	IN
products	NNS
,	,
and	CC
internal	JJ
quantitative	JJ
regulations	NNS
requiring	VBG
the	DT
mixture	NN
,	,
processing	VBG
or	CC
use	NN
of	IN
products	NNS
in	IN
specified	JJ
amounts	NNS
or	CC
proportions	NNS
,	,
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
applied	VBN
to	TO
imported	VBN
or	CC
domestic	JJ
products	NNS
so	RB
as	IN
to	TO
afford	VB
protection	NN
to	TO
domestic	JJ
production	NN
.	.
The	DT
products	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
imported	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
subject	JJ
,	,
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
,	,
to	TO
internal	JJ
taxes	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
internal	JJ
charges	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
kind	NN
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
those	DT
applied	VBN
,	,
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
,	,
to	TO
like	VB
domestic	JJ
products	NNS
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
no	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
otherwise	RB
apply	VB
internal	JJ
taxes	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
internal	JJ
charges	NNS
to	TO
imported	VBN
or	CC
domestic	JJ
products	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
contrary	NN
to	TO
the	DT
principles	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
.	.
With	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
any	DT
existing	VBG
internal	JJ
tax	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
inconsistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
2	CD
,	,
but	CC
which	WDT
is	VBZ
specifically	RB
authorized	VBN
under	IN
a	DT
trade	NN
agreement	NN
,	,
in	IN
force	NN
on	IN
April	NNP
10	CD
,	,
1947	CD
,	,
in	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
import	NN
duty	NN
on	IN
the	DT
taxed	VBN
product	NN
is	VBZ
bound	VBN
against	IN
increase	NN
,	,
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
imposing	VBG
the	DT
tax	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
postpone	VB
the	DT
application	NN
of	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
2	CD
to	TO
such	JJ
tax	NN
until	IN
such	JJ
time	NN
as	IN
it	PRP
can	MD
obtain	VB
release	NN
from	IN
the	DT
obligations	NNS
of	IN
such	JJ
trade	NN
agreement	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
permit	VB
the	DT
increase	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
duty	NN
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
compensate	VB
for	IN
the	DT
elimination	NN
of	IN
the	DT
protective	JJ
element	NN
of	IN
the	DT
tax	NN
.	.
No	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
establish	VB
or	CC
maintain	VB
any	DT
internal	JJ
quantitative	JJ
regulation	NN
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
mixture	NN
,	,
processing	VBG
or	CC
use	NN
of	IN
products	NNS
in	IN
specified	JJ
amounts	NNS
or	CC
proportions	NNS
which	WDT
requires	VBZ
,	,
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
,	,
that	IN
any	DT
specified	VBN
amount	NN
or	CC
proportion	NN
of	IN
any	DT
product	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
the	DT
subject	NN
of	IN
the	DT
regulation	NN
must	MD
be	VB
supplied	VBN
from	IN
domestic	JJ
sources	NNS
.	.
The	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
5	CD
shall	MD
not	RB
apply	VB
to	TO
any	DT
internal	JJ
quantitative	JJ
regulation	NN
in	IN
force	NN
in	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
on	IN
July	NNP
1	CD
,	,
1939	CD
,	,
April	NNP
10	CD
,	,
1947	CD
,	,
or	CC
March	NNP
24	CD
,	,
1948	CD
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
option	NN
of	IN
that	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
;	:
Provided	VBN
that	IN
any	DT
such	JJ
regulation	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
contrary	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
5	CD
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
modified	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
detriment	NN
of	IN
imports	NNS
and	CC
shall	MD
be	VB
treated	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
customs	NNS
duty	NN
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
negotiation	NN
.	.
No	DT
internal	JJ
quantitative	JJ
regulation	NN
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
mixture	NN
,	,
processing	VBG
or	CC
use	NN
of	IN
products	NNS
in	IN
specified	JJ
amounts	NNS
or	CC
proportions	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
applied	VBN
in	IN
such	JJ
a	DT
manner	NN
as	IN
to	TO
allocate	VB
any	DT
such	JJ
amount	NN
or	CC
proportion	NN
among	IN
external	JJ
sources	NNS
of	IN
supply	NN
.	.
The	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
recognize	VBP
that	IN
internal	JJ
maximum	NN
price	NN
control	NN
measures	NNS
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
conforming	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
other	JJ
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
,	,
can	MD
have	VB
effects	NNS
prejudicial	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
interests	NNS
of	IN
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
supplying	VBG
imported	VBN
products	NNS
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
applying	VBG
such	JJ
measures	NNS
shall	MD
take	VB
account	NN
of	IN
the	DT
interests	NNS
of	IN
exporting	VBG
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
view	NN
to	TO
avoiding	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
fullest	JJS
practicable	JJ
extent	NN
such	JJ
prejudicial	JJ
effects	NNS
.	.
The	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
prevent	VB
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
from	IN
establishing	VBG
or	CC
maintaining	VBG
internal	JJ
quantitative	JJ
regulations	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
exposed	VBN
cinematograph	NN
films	NNS
and	CC
meeting	VBG
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
Article	NNP
IV	NNP
.	.
Goods	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
baggage	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
also	RB
vessels	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
means	NNS
of	IN
transport	NN
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
deemed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
transit	NN
across	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
when	WRB
the	DT
passage	NN
across	IN
such	JJ
territory	NN
,	,
with	IN
or	CC
without	IN
trans-shipment	NN
,	,
warehousing	NN
,	,
breaking	VBG
bulk	NN
,	,
or	CC
change	NN
in	IN
the	DT
mode	NN
of	IN
transport	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
only	RB
a	DT
portion	NN
of	IN
a	DT
complete	JJ
journey	NN
beginning	NN
and	CC
terminating	VBG
beyond	IN
the	DT
frontier	NN
of	IN
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
across	IN
whose	WP$
territory	NN
the	DT
traffic	NN
passes	VBZ
.	.
Traffic	NN
of	IN
this	DT
nature	NN
is	VBZ
termed	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
``	``
traffic	NN
in	IN
transit	NN
''	''
.	.
There	EX
shall	MD
be	VB
freedom	NN
of	IN
transit	NN
through	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
each	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
,	,
via	IN
the	DT
routes	NNS
most	RBS
convenient	JJ
for	IN
international	JJ
transit	NN
,	,
for	IN
traffic	NN
in	IN
transit	NN
to	TO
or	CC
from	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
.	.
No	DT
distinction	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
flag	NN
of	IN
vessels	NNS
,	,
the	DT
place	NN
of	IN
origin	NN
,	,
departure	NN
,	,
entry	NN
,	,
exit	NN
or	CC
destination	NN
,	,
or	CC
on	IN
any	DT
circumstances	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
ownership	NN
of	IN
goods	NNS
,	,
of	IN
vessels	NNS
or	CC
of	IN
other	JJ
means	NNS
of	IN
transport	NN
.	.
Any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
may	MD
require	VB
that	IN
traffic	NN
in	IN
transit	NN
through	IN
its	PRP$
territory	NN
be	VB
entered	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
proper	JJ
custom	NN
house	NN
,	,
but	CC
,	,
except	IN
in	IN
cases	NNS
of	IN
failure	NN
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
applicable	JJ
customs	NNS
laws	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
traffic	NN
coming	VBG
from	IN
or	CC
going	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
subject	JJ
to	TO
any	DT
unnecessary	JJ
delays	NNS
or	CC
restrictions	NNS
and	CC
shall	MD
be	VB
exempt	JJ
from	IN
customs	NNS
duties	NNS
and	CC
from	IN
all	DT
transit	NN
duties	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
charges	NNS
imposed	VBN
in	IN
respect	NN
of	IN
transit	NN
,	,
except	IN
charges	NNS
for	IN
transportation	NN
or	CC
those	DT
commensurate	JJ
with	IN
administrative	JJ
expenses	NNS
entailed	VBN
by	IN
transit	NN
or	CC
with	IN
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
rendered	VBN
.	.
All	DT
charges	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
imposed	VBN
by	IN
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
on	IN
traffic	NN
in	IN
transit	NN
to	TO
or	CC
from	IN
the	DT
territories	NNS
of	IN
other	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
reasonable	JJ
,	,
having	VBG
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
conditions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
traffic	NN
.	.
With	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
all	DT
charges	NNS
,	,
regulations	NNS
and	CC
formalities	NNS
in	IN
connection	NN
with	IN
transit	NN
,	,
each	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
accord	VB
to	TO
traffic	NN
in	IN
transit	NN
to	TO
or	CC
from	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
treatment	NN
no	RB
less	RBR
favourable	JJ
than	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
accorded	VBN
to	TO
traffic	NN
in	IN
transit	NN
to	TO
or	CC
from	IN
any	DT
third	JJ
country	NN
.	.
Each	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
accord	VB
to	TO
products	NNS
which	WDT
have	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
transit	NN
through	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
treatment	NN
no	RB
less	RBR
favourable	JJ
than	IN
that	DT
which	WDT
would	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
accorded	VBN
to	TO
such	JJ
products	NNS
had	VBD
they	PRP
been	VBN
transported	VBN
from	IN
their	PRP$
place	NN
of	IN
origin	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
destination	NN
without	IN
going	VBG
through	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
.	.
Any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
,	,
however	RB
,	,
be	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
maintain	VB
its	PRP$
requirements	NNS
of	IN
direct	JJ
consignment	NN
existing	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
,	,
in	IN
respect	NN
of	IN
any	DT
goods	NNS
in	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
such	JJ
direct	JJ
consignment	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
requisite	JJ
condition	NN
of	IN
eligibility	NN
for	IN
entry	NN
of	IN
the	DT
goods	NNS
at	IN
preferential	JJ
rates	NNS
of	IN
duty	NN
or	CC
has	VBZ
relation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
's	POS
prescribed	VBN
method	NN
of	IN
valuation	NN
for	IN
duty	NN
purposes	NNS
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
to	TO
offset	VB
or	CC
prevent	VB
dumping	VBG
,	,
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
may	MD
levy	VB
on	IN
any	DT
dumped	VBN
product	NN
an	DT
anti-dumping	JJ
duty	NN
not	RB
greater	JJR
in	IN
amount	NN
than	IN
the	DT
margin	NN
of	IN
dumping	VBG
in	IN
respect	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
product	NN
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
purposes	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
,	,
the	DT
margin	NN
of	IN
dumping	VBG
is	VBZ
the	DT
price	NN
difference	NN
determined	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
.	.
No	DT
countervailing	VBG
duty	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
levied	VBN
on	IN
any	DT
product	NN
of	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
imported	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
another	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
an	DT
amount	NN
equal	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
estimated	VBN
bounty	NN
or	CC
subsidy	NN
determined	VBD
to	TO
have	VB
been	VBN
granted	VBN
,	,
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
manufacture	NN
,	,
production	NN
or	CC
export	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
product	NN
in	IN
the	DT
country	NN
of	IN
origin	NN
or	CC
exportation	NN
,	,
including	VBG
any	DT
special	JJ
subsidy	NN
to	TO
the	DT
transportation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
product	NN
.	.
The	DT
term	NN
``	``
countervailing	VBG
duty	NN
''	''
shall	MD
be	VB
understood	VBN
to	TO
mean	VB
a	DT
special	JJ
duty	NN
levied	VBD
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
offsetting	VBG
any	DT
bounty	NN
or	CC
subsidy	NN
bestowed	VBN
,	,
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
,	,
upon	IN
the	DT
manufacture	NN
,	,
production	NN
or	CC
export	NN
of	IN
any	DT
merchandise	NN
.	.
No	DT
product	NN
of	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
imported	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
subject	JJ
to	TO
anti-dumping	JJ
or	CC
countervailing	VBG
duty	NN
by	IN
reason	NN
of	IN
the	DT
exemption	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
product	NN
from	IN
duties	NNS
or	CC
taxes	NNS
borne	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
like	JJ
product	NN
when	WRB
destined	VBN
for	IN
consumption	NN
in	IN
the	DT
country	NN
of	IN
origin	NN
or	CC
exportation	NN
,	,
or	CC
by	IN
reason	NN
of	IN
the	DT
refund	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
duties	NNS
or	CC
taxes	NNS
.	.
The	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
recognize	VBP
the	DT
validity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
principles	NNS
of	IN
valuation	NN
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
paragraphs	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
undertake	VBP
to	TO
give	VB
effect	NN
to	TO
such	JJ
principles	NNS
,	,
in	IN
respect	NN
of	IN
all	DT
products	NNS
subject	JJ
to	TO
duties	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
charges	NNS
or	CC
restrictions	NNS
on	IN
importation	NN
and	CC
exportation	NN
based	VBN
upon	IN
or	CC
regulated	VBN
in	IN
any	DT
manner	NN
by	IN
value	NN
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
they	PRP
shall	MD
,	,
upon	IN
a	DT
request	NN
by	IN
another	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
review	NN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
any	DT
of	IN
their	PRP$
laws	NNS
or	CC
regulations	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
value	NN
for	IN
customs	NNS
purposes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
light	NN
of	IN
these	DT
principles	NNS
.	.
The	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
may	MD
request	VB
from	IN
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
reports	NNS
on	IN
steps	NNS
taken	VBN
by	IN
them	PRP
in	IN
pursuance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
.	.
The	DT
value	NN
for	IN
customs	NNS
purposes	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
imported	VBN
product	NN
should	MD
not	RB
include	VB
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
any	DT
internal	JJ
tax	NN
,	,
applicable	JJ
within	IN
the	DT
country	NN
of	IN
origin	NN
or	CC
export	NN
,	,
from	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
imported	VBN
product	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
exempted	VBN
or	CC
has	VBZ
been	VBN
or	CC
will	MD
be	VB
relieved	VBN
by	IN
means	NNS
of	IN
refund	NN
.	.
Monetary	NNP
Fund	NNP
,	,
shall	MD
formulate	VB
rules	NNS
governing	VBG
the	DT
conversion	NN
by	IN
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
foreign	JJ
currency	NN
in	IN
respect	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
multiple	JJ
rates	NNS
of	IN
exchange	NN
are	VBP
maintained	VBN
consistently	RB
with	IN
the	DT
Articles	NNPS
of	IN
Agreement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Monetary	NNP
Fund	NNP
.	.
Any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
may	MD
apply	VB
such	JJ
rules	NNS
in	IN
respect	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
foreign	JJ
currencies	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
purposes	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
2	CD
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
as	IN
an	DT
alternative	NN
to	TO
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
par	JJ
values	NNS
.	.
Until	IN
such	JJ
rules	NNS
are	VBP
adopted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
,	,
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
may	MD
employ	VB
,	,
in	IN
respect	NN
of	IN
any	DT
such	JJ
foreign	JJ
currency	NN
,	,
rules	NNS
of	IN
conversion	NN
for	IN
the	DT
purposes	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
2	CD
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
which	WDT
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
reflect	VB
effectively	RB
the	DT
value	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
foreign	JJ
currency	NN
in	IN
commercial	JJ
transactions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
bases	NNS
and	CC
methods	NNS
for	IN
determining	VBG
the	DT
value	NN
of	IN
products	NNS
subject	JJ
to	TO
duties	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
charges	NNS
or	CC
restrictions	NNS
based	VBN
upon	IN
or	CC
regulated	VBN
in	IN
any	DT
manner	NN
by	IN
value	NN
should	MD
be	VB
stable	JJ
and	CC
should	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
sufficient	JJ
publicity	NN
to	TO
enable	VB
traders	NNS
to	TO
estimate	VB
,	,
with	IN
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
degree	NN
of	IN
certainty	NN
,	,
the	DT
value	NN
for	IN
customs	NNS
purposes	NNS
.	.
No	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
impose	VB
substantial	JJ
penalties	NNS
for	IN
minor	JJ
breaches	NNS
of	IN
customs	NNS
regulations	NNS
or	CC
procedural	JJ
requirements	NNS
.	.
In	IN
particular	JJ
,	,
no	DT
penalty	NN
in	IN
respect	NN
of	IN
any	DT
omission	NN
or	CC
mistake	NN
in	IN
customs	NNS
documentation	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
easily	RB
rectifiable	JJ
and	CC
obviously	RB
made	VBN
without	IN
fraudulent	JJ
intent	NN
or	CC
gross	JJ
negligence	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
greater	JJR
than	IN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
serve	VB
merely	RB
as	IN
a	DT
warning	NN
.	.
Each	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
accord	VB
to	TO
the	DT
products	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
territories	NNS
of	IN
other	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
treatment	NN
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
marking	VBG
requirements	NNS
no	RB
less	RBR
favourable	JJ
than	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
accorded	VBN
to	TO
like	VB
products	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
third	JJ
country	NN
.	.
The	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
recognize	VBP
that	IN
,	,
in	IN
adopting	VBG
and	CC
enforcing	VBG
laws	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
marks	NNS
of	IN
origin	NN
,	,
the	DT
difficulties	NNS
and	CC
inconveniences	NNS
which	WDT
such	JJ
measures	NNS
may	MD
cause	VB
to	TO
the	DT
commerce	NN
and	CC
industry	NN
of	IN
exporting	VBG
countries	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
reduced	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
minimum	NN
,	,
due	JJ
regard	NN
being	VBG
had	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
necessity	NN
of	IN
protecting	VBG
consumers	NNS
against	IN
fraudulent	JJ
or	CC
misleading	JJ
indications	NNS
.	.
The	DT
laws	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
of	IN
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
marking	VBG
of	IN
imported	VBN
products	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
such	JJ
as	IN
to	TO
permit	VB
compliance	NN
without	IN
seriously	RB
damaging	VBG
the	DT
products	NNS
,	,
or	CC
materially	RB
reducing	VBG
their	PRP$
value	NN
,	,
or	CC
unreasonably	RB
increasing	VBG
their	PRP$
cost	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
general	JJ
rule	NN
,	,
no	DT
special	JJ
duty	NN
or	CC
penalty	NN
should	MD
be	VB
imposed	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
for	IN
failure	NN
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
marking	VBG
requirements	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
importation	NN
unless	IN
corrective	JJ
marking	VBG
is	VBZ
unreasonably	RB
delayed	VBN
or	CC
deceptive	JJ
marks	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
affixed	VBN
or	CC
the	DT
required	JJ
marking	VBG
has	VBZ
been	VBN
intentionally	RB
omitted	VBN
.	.
The	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
shall	MD
co-operate	VB
with	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
with	IN
a	DT
view	NN
to	TO
preventing	VBG
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
trade	NN
names	NNS
in	IN
such	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
to	TO
misrepresent	VB
the	DT
true	JJ
origin	NN
of	IN
a	DT
product	NN
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
detriment	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
distinctive	JJ
regional	JJ
or	CC
geographical	JJ
names	NNS
of	IN
products	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
as	IN
are	VBP
protected	VBN
by	IN
its	PRP$
legislation	NN
.	.
Each	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
accord	VB
full	JJ
and	CC
sympathetic	JJ
consideration	NN
to	TO
such	JJ
requests	NNS
or	CC
representations	NNS
as	IN
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
application	NN
of	IN
the	DT
undertaking	NN
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
sentence	NN
to	TO
names	NNS
of	IN
products	NNS
which	WDT
have	VBP
been	VBN
communicated	VBN
to	TO
it	PRP
by	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
.	.
Laws	NNS
,	,
regulations	NNS
,	,
judicial	JJ
decisions	NNS
and	CC
administrative	JJ
rulings	NNS
of	IN
general	JJ
application	NN
,	,
made	VBD
effective	JJ
by	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
,	,
pertaining	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
classification	NN
or	CC
the	DT
valuation	NN
of	IN
products	NNS
for	IN
customs	NNS
purposes	NNS
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
rates	NNS
of	IN
duty	NN
,	,
taxes	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
charges	NNS
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
requirements	NNS
,	,
restrictions	NNS
or	CC
prohibitions	NNS
on	IN
imports	NNS
or	CC
exports	NNS
or	CC
on	IN
the	DT
transfer	NN
of	IN
payments	NNS
therefor	RB
,	,
or	CC
affecting	VBG
their	PRP$
sale	NN
,	,
distribution	NN
,	,
transportation	NN
,	,
insurance	NN
,	,
warehousing	NN
,	,
inspection	NN
,	,
exhibition	NN
,	,
processing	NN
,	,
mixing	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
use	NN
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
published	VBN
promptly	RB
in	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
manner	NN
as	IN
to	TO
enable	VB
governments	NNS
and	CC
traders	NNS
to	TO
become	VB
acquainted	VBN
with	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Agreements	NNS
affecting	VBG
international	JJ
trade	NN
policy	NN
which	WDT
are	VBP
in	IN
force	NN
between	IN
the	DT
government	NN
or	CC
a	DT
governmental	JJ
agency	NN
of	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
and	CC
the	DT
government	NN
or	CC
governmental	JJ
agency	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
also	RB
be	VB
published	VBN
.	.
The	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
paragraph	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
require	VB
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
to	TO
disclose	VB
confidential	JJ
information	NN
which	WDT
would	MD
impede	VB
law	NN
enforcement	NN
or	CC
otherwise	RB
be	VB
contrary	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
interest	NN
or	CC
would	MD
prejudice	NN
the	DT
legitimate	JJ
commercial	JJ
interests	NNS
of	IN
particular	JJ
enterprises	NNS
,	,
public	JJ
or	CC
private	JJ
.	.
No	DT
measure	NN
of	IN
general	JJ
application	NN
taken	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
effecting	VBG
an	DT
advance	NN
in	IN
a	DT
rate	NN
of	IN
duty	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
charge	NN
on	IN
imports	NNS
under	IN
an	DT
established	VBN
and	CC
uniform	JJ
practice	NN
,	,
or	CC
imposing	VBG
a	DT
new	JJ
or	CC
more	RBR
burdensome	JJ
requirement	NN
,	,
restriction	NN
or	CC
prohibition	NN
on	IN
imports	NNS
,	,
or	CC
on	IN
the	DT
transfer	NN
of	IN
payments	NNS
therefor	RB
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
enforced	VBN
before	IN
such	JJ
measure	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
officially	RB
published	VBN
.	.
No	DT
prohibitions	NNS
or	CC
restrictions	NNS
other	JJ
than	IN
duties	NNS
,	,
taxes	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
charges	NNS
,	,
whether	IN
made	VBN
effective	JJ
through	IN
quotas	NNS
,	,
import	NN
or	CC
export	NN
licences	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
measures	NNS
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
instituted	VBN
or	CC
maintained	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
on	IN
the	DT
importation	NN
of	IN
any	DT
product	NN
of	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
or	CC
on	IN
the	DT
exportation	NN
or	CC
sale	NN
for	IN
export	NN
of	IN
any	DT
product	NN
destined	VBD
for	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
.	.
Any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
applying	VBG
restrictions	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
importation	NN
of	IN
any	DT
product	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
sub-paragraph	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
paragraph	NN
shall	MD
give	VB
public	JJ
notice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
total	JJ
quantity	NN
or	CC
value	NN
of	IN
the	DT
product	NN
permitted	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
imported	VBN
during	IN
a	DT
specified	JJ
future	JJ
period	NN
and	CC
of	IN
any	DT
change	NN
in	IN
such	JJ
quantity	NN
or	CC
value	NN
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
any	DT
restrictions	NNS
applied	VBN
under	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
i	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
above	IN
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
such	JJ
as	IN
will	MD
reduce	VB
the	DT
total	NN
of	IN
imports	NNS
relative	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
total	NN
of	IN
domestic	JJ
production	NN
,	,
as	IN
compared	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
proportion	NN
which	WDT
might	MD
reasonably	RB
be	VB
expected	VBN
to	TO
rule	VB
between	IN
the	DT
two	CD
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
restrictions	NNS
.	.
In	IN
determining	VBG
this	DT
proportion	NN
,	,
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
pay	VB
due	JJ
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
proportion	NN
prevailing	VBG
during	IN
a	DT
previous	JJ
representative	JJ
period	NN
and	CC
to	TO
any	DT
special	JJ
factors	NNS
which	WDT
may	MD
have	VB
affected	VBN
or	CC
may	MD
be	VB
affecting	VBG
the	DT
trade	NN
in	IN
the	DT
product	NN
concerned	VBN
.	.
Notwithstanding	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
of	IN
Article	NNP
XI	NNP
,	,
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
,	,
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
safeguard	VB
its	PRP$
external	JJ
financial	JJ
position	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
balance	NN
of	IN
payments	NNS
,	,
may	MD
restrict	VB
the	DT
quantity	NN
or	CC
value	NN
of	IN
merchandise	NN
permitted	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
imported	VBN
,	,
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
paragraphs	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
.	.
Due	JJ
regard	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
in	IN
either	DT
case	NN
to	TO
any	DT
special	JJ
factors	NNS
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
affecting	VBG
the	DT
reserves	NNS
of	IN
such	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
or	CC
its	PRP$
need	NN
for	IN
reserves	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
,	,
where	WRB
special	JJ
external	JJ
credits	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
resources	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
to	TO
it	PRP
,	,
the	DT
need	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
for	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
credits	NNS
or	CC
resources	NNS
.	.
PARTIES	NNS
determine	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
restrictions	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
applied	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
involving	VBG
an	DT
inconsistency	NN
of	IN
a	DT
serious	JJ
nature	NN
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
or	CC
with	IN
those	DT
of	IN
Article	NNP
XIII	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Article	NNP
XIV	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
that	DT
damage	NN
to	TO
the	DT
trade	NN
of	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
is	VBZ
caused	VBN
or	CC
threatened	VBN
thereby	RB
,	,
they	PRP
shall	MD
so	RB
inform	VB
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
applying	VBG
the	DT
restrictions	NNS
and	CC
shall	MD
make	VB
appropriate	JJ
recommendations	NNS
for	IN
securing	VBG
conformity	NN
with	IN
such	JJ
provisions	NNS
within	IN
a	DT
specified	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
If	IN
such	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
comply	VB
with	IN
these	DT
recommendations	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
specified	JJ
period	NN
,	,
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
may	MD
release	VB
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
the	DT
trade	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
adversely	RB
affected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
restrictions	NNS
from	IN
such	JJ
obligations	NNS
under	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
towards	IN
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
applying	VBG
the	DT
restrictions	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
determine	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
appropriate	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
circumstances	NNS
.	.
No	DT
prohibition	NN
or	CC
restriction	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
applied	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
on	IN
the	DT
importation	NN
of	IN
any	DT
product	NN
of	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
or	CC
on	IN
the	DT
exportation	NN
of	IN
any	DT
product	NN
destined	VBD
for	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
,	,
unless	IN
the	DT
importation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
like	JJ
product	NN
of	IN
all	DT
third	JJ
countries	NNS
or	CC
the	DT
exportation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
like	JJ
product	NN
to	TO
all	DT
third	JJ
countries	NNS
is	VBZ
similarly	RB
prohibited	VBN
or	CC
restricted	VBN
.	.
With	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
restrictions	NNS
applied	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
paragraph	NN
2	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
or	CC
under	IN
paragraph	NN
2	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
Article	NNP
XI	NNP
,	,
the	DT
selection	NN
of	IN
a	DT
representative	JJ
period	NN
for	IN
any	DT
product	NN
and	CC
the	DT
appraisal	NN
of	IN
any	DT
special	JJ
factors	NNS
affecting	VBG
the	DT
trade	NN
in	IN
the	DT
product	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
initially	RB
by	IN
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
applying	VBG
the	DT
restriction	NN
;	:
Provided	VBN
that	IN
such	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
,	,
upon	IN
the	DT
request	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
having	VBG
a	DT
substantial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
supplying	VBG
that	IN
product	NN
or	CC
upon	IN
the	DT
request	NN
of	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNPS
,	,
consult	VB
promptly	RB
with	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
or	CC
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
an	DT
adjustment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proportion	NN
determined	VBD
or	CC
of	IN
the	DT
base	NN
period	NN
selected	VBN
,	,
or	CC
for	IN
the	DT
reappraisal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
factors	NNS
involved	VBN
,	,
or	CC
for	IN
the	DT
elimination	NN
of	IN
conditions	NNS
,	,
formalities	NNS
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
provisions	NNS
established	VBN
unilaterally	RB
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
allocation	NN
of	IN
an	DT
adequate	JJ
quota	NN
or	CC
its	PRP$
unrestricted	JJ
utilization	NN
.	.
The	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
shall	MD
apply	VB
to	TO
any	DT
tariff	NN
quota	NN
instituted	VBN
or	CC
maintained	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
,	,
and	CC
,	,
in	IN
so	RB
far	RB
as	IN
applicable	JJ
,	,
the	DT
principles	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
shall	MD
also	RB
extend	VB
to	TO
export	VB
restrictions	NNS
.	.
A	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
which	WDT
applies	VBZ
restrictions	NNS
under	IN
Article	NNP
XII	NNP
or	CC
under	IN
Section	NNP
B	NNP
of	IN
Article	NNP
XVIII	NNP
may	MD
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
application	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
restrictions	NNS
,	,
deviate	VBP
from	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Article	NNP
XIII	NNP
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
having	VBG
equivalent	JJ
effect	NN
to	TO
restrictions	NNS
on	IN
payments	NNS
and	CC
transfers	NNS
for	IN
current	JJ
international	JJ
transactions	NNS
which	WDT
that	WDT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
may	MD
at	IN
that	DT
time	NN
apply	VB
under	IN
Article	NNP
VIII	NNP
or	CC
XIV	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Articles	NNPS
of	IN
Agreement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Monetary	NNP
Fund	NNP
,	,
or	CC
under	IN
analogous	JJ
provisions	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
exchange	NN
agreement	NN
entered	VBD
into	IN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
paragraph	NN
6	CD
of	IN
Article	NNP
XV	NNP
.	.
The	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Article	NNP
XIII	NNP
shall	MD
not	RB
preclude	VB
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
territories	NNS
having	VBG
a	DT
common	JJ
quota	NN
in	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Monetary	NNP
Fund	NNP
from	IN
applying	VBG
against	IN
imports	NNS
from	IN
other	JJ
countries	NNS
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
among	IN
themselves	PRP
,	,
restrictions	NNS
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Article	NNP
XII	NNP
or	CC
of	IN
Section	NNP
B	NNP
of	IN
Article	NNP
XVIII	NNP
on	IN
condition	NN
that	IN
such	JJ
restrictions	NNS
are	VBP
in	IN
all	DT
other	JJ
respects	NNS
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Article	NNP
XIII	NNP
.	.
PARTIES	NNS
shall	MD
accept	VB
all	DT
findings	NNS
of	IN
statistical	JJ
and	CC
other	JJ
facts	NNS
presented	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Fund	NNP
relating	VBG
to	TO
foreign	JJ
exchange	NN
,	,
monetary	JJ
reserves	NNS
and	CC
balances	NNS
of	IN
payments	NNS
,	,
and	CC
shall	MD
accept	VB
the	DT
determination	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Fund	NNP
as	IN
to	TO
whether	IN
action	NN
by	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
in	IN
exchange	NN
matters	NNS
is	VBZ
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Articles	NNPS
of	IN
Agreement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Monetary	NNP
Fund	NNP
,	,
or	CC
with	IN
the	DT
terms	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
exchange	NN
agreement	NN
between	IN
that	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
and	CC
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
.	.
The	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
,	,
in	IN
reaching	VBG
their	PRP$
final	JJ
decision	NN
in	IN
cases	NNS
involving	VBG
the	DT
criteria	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
paragraph	NN
2	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
Article	NNP
XII	NNP
or	CC
in	IN
paragraph	NN
9	CD
of	IN
Article	NNP
XVIII	NNP
,	,
shall	MD
accept	VB
the	DT
determination	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Fund	NNP
as	IN
to	TO
what	WP
constitutes	VBZ
a	DT
serious	JJ
decline	NN
in	IN
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
's	POS
monetary	JJ
reserves	NNS
,	,
a	DT
very	RB
low	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
monetary	JJ
reserves	NNS
or	CC
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
rate	NN
of	IN
increase	NN
in	IN
its	PRP$
monetary	JJ
reserves	NNS
,	,
and	CC
as	IN
to	TO
the	DT
financial	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
other	JJ
matters	NNS
covered	VBN
in	IN
consultation	NN
in	IN
such	JJ
cases	NNS
.	.
Contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
shall	MD
not	RB
,	,
by	IN
exchange	NN
action	NN
,	,
frustrate	VB
the	DT
intent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
,	,
nor	CC
,	,
by	IN
trade	NN
action	NN
,	,
the	DT
intent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Articles	NNPS
of	IN
Agreement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Monetary	NNP
Fund	NNP
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
consider	VBP
,	,
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
,	,
that	IN
exchange	NN
restrictions	NNS
on	IN
payments	NNS
and	CC
transfers	NNS
in	IN
connexion	NN
with	IN
imports	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
applied	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
inconsistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
exceptions	NNS
provided	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
for	IN
quantitative	JJ
restrictions	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
shall	MD
report	VB
thereon	RB
to	TO
the	DT
Fund	NNP
.	.
PARTIES	NNS
in	IN
writing	NN
of	IN
the	DT
extent	NN
and	CC
nature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
subsidization	NN
,	,
of	IN
the	DT
estimated	JJ
effect	NN
of	IN
the	DT
subsidization	NN
on	IN
the	DT
quantity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
affected	JJ
product	NN
or	CC
products	NNS
imported	VBN
into	IN
or	CC
exported	VBN
from	IN
its	PRP$
territory	NN
and	CC
of	IN
the	DT
circumstances	NNS
making	VBG
the	DT
subsidization	NN
necessary	JJ
.	.
In	IN
any	DT
case	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
it	PRP
is	VBZ
determined	VBN
that	IN
serious	JJ
prejudice	NN
to	TO
the	DT
interests	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
is	VBZ
caused	VBN
or	CC
threatened	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
such	JJ
subsidization	NN
,	,
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
granting	VBG
the	DT
subsidy	NN
shall	MD
,	,
upon	IN
request	NN
,	,
discuss	VB
with	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
or	CC
parties	NNS
concerned	VBN
,	,
or	CC
with	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
,	,
the	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
limiting	VBG
the	DT
subsidization	NN
.	.
The	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
recognize	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
granting	VBG
by	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
of	IN
a	DT
subsidy	NN
on	IN
the	DT
export	NN
of	IN
any	DT
product	NN
may	MD
have	VB
harmful	JJ
effects	NNS
for	IN
other	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
,	,
both	DT
importing	VBG
and	CC
exporting	VBG
,	,
may	MD
cause	VB
undue	JJ
disturbance	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
normal	JJ
commercial	JJ
interests	NNS
,	,
and	CC
may	MD
hinder	VB
the	DT
achievement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
objectives	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
should	MD
seek	VB
to	TO
avoid	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
subsidies	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
export	NN
of	IN
primary	JJ
products	NNS
.	.
If	IN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
grants	NNS
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
any	DT
form	NN
of	IN
subsidy	NN
which	WDT
operates	VBZ
to	TO
increase	VB
the	DT
export	NN
of	IN
any	DT
primary	JJ
product	NN
from	IN
its	PRP$
territory	NN
,	,
such	JJ
subsidy	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
applied	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
which	WDT
results	NNS
in	IN
that	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
having	VBG
more	JJR
than	IN
an	DT
equitable	JJ
share	NN
of	IN
world	NN
export	NN
trade	NN
in	IN
that	DT
product	NN
,	,
account	NN
being	VBG
taken	VBN
of	IN
the	DT
shares	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
in	IN
such	JJ
trade	NN
in	IN
the	DT
product	NN
during	IN
a	DT
previous	JJ
representative	JJ
period	NN
,	,
and	CC
any	DT
special	JJ
factors	NNS
which	WDT
may	MD
have	VB
affected	VBN
or	CC
may	MD
be	VB
affecting	VBG
such	JJ
trade	NN
in	IN
the	DT
product	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
as	IN
from	IN
1	CD
January	NNP
1958	CD
or	CC
the	DT
earliest	JJS
practicable	JJ
date	NN
thereafter	RB
,	,
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
shall	MD
cease	VB
to	TO
grant	VB
either	DT
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
any	DT
form	NN
of	IN
subsidy	NN
on	IN
the	DT
export	NN
of	IN
any	DT
product	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
a	DT
primary	JJ
product	NN
which	WDT
subsidy	NN
results	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
sale	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
product	NN
for	IN
export	NN
at	IN
a	DT
price	NN
lower	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
comparable	JJ
price	NN
charged	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
like	JJ
product	NN
to	TO
buyers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
domestic	JJ
market	NN
.	.
Until	IN
31	CD
December	NNP
1957	CD
no	DT
contracting	NN
party	NN
shall	MD
extend	VB
the	DT
scope	NN
of	IN
any	DT
such	JJ
subsidization	NN
beyond	IN
that	DT
existing	VBG
on	IN
1	CD
January	NNP
1955	CD
by	IN
the	DT
introduction	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
extension	NN
of	IN
existing	VBG
,	,
subsidies	NNS
.	.
The	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNPS
shall	MD
review	VB
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
from	IN
time	NN
to	TO
time	NN
with	IN
a	DT
view	NN
to	TO
examining	VBG
its	PRP$
effectiveness	NN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
light	NN
of	IN
actual	JJ
experience	NN
,	,
in	IN
promoting	VBG
the	DT
objectives	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
and	CC
avoiding	VBG
subsidization	NN
seriously	RB
prejudicial	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
trade	NN
or	CC
interests	NNS
of	IN
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
.	.
The	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
apply	VB
to	TO
imports	NNS
of	IN
products	NNS
for	IN
immediate	JJ
or	CC
ultimate	JJ
consumption	NN
in	IN
governmental	JJ
use	NN
and	CC
not	RB
otherwise	RB
for	IN
resale	NN
or	CC
use	NN
in	IN
the	DT
production	NN
of	IN
goods	NNS
for	IN
sale	NN
.	.
With	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
such	JJ
imports	NNS
,	,
each	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
accord	VB
to	TO
the	DT
trade	NN
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
fair	JJ
and	CC
equitable	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
The	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
recognize	VBP
that	IN
enterprises	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
kind	NN
described	VBN
in	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
might	MD
be	VB
operated	VBN
so	RB
as	IN
to	TO
create	VB
serious	JJ
obstacles	NNS
to	TO
trade	VB
;	:
thus	RB
negotiations	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
reciprocal	JJ
and	CC
mutually	RB
advantageous	JJ
basis	NN
designed	VBN
to	TO
limit	VB
or	CC
reduce	VB
such	JJ
obstacles	NNS
are	VBP
of	IN
importance	NN
to	TO
the	DT
expansion	NN
of	IN
international	JJ
trade	NN
.	.
The	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
recognize	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
attainment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
objectives	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
will	MD
be	VB
facilitated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
progressive	JJ
development	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
economies	NNS
,	,
particularly	RB
of	IN
those	DT
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
the	DT
economies	NNS
of	IN
which	WDT
can	MD
only	RB
support	VB
low	JJ
standards	NNS
of	IN
living	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
early	JJ
stages	NNS
of	IN
development	NN
.	.
The	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
recognize	VBP
further	RBR
that	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
for	IN
those	DT
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
,	,
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
implement	VB
programs	NNS
and	CC
policies	NNS
of	IN
economic	JJ
development	NN
designed	VBN
to	TO
raise	VB
the	DT
general	JJ
standard	NN
of	IN
living	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
people	NNS
,	,
to	TO
take	VB
protective	JJ
or	CC
other	JJ
measures	NNS
affecting	VBG
imports	NNS
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
such	JJ
measures	NNS
are	VBP
justified	JJ
in	IN
so	RB
far	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
facilitate	VBP
the	DT
attainment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
objectives	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
.	.
They	PRP
agree	VBP
,	,
therefore	RB
,	,
that	IN
those	DT
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
should	MD
enjoy	VB
additional	JJ
facilities	NNS
to	TO
enable	VB
them	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
maintain	VB
sufficient	JJ
flexibility	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
tariff	NN
structure	NN
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
grant	VB
the	DT
tariff	NN
protection	NN
required	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
establishment	NN
of	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
industry	NN
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
apply	VB
quantitative	JJ
restrictions	NNS
for	IN
balance	NN
of	IN
payments	NNS
purposes	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
which	WDT
takes	VBZ
full	JJ
account	NN
of	IN
the	DT
continued	VBN
high	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
demand	NN
for	IN
imports	NNS
likely	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
generated	VBN
by	IN
their	PRP$
programs	NNS
of	IN
economic	JJ
development	NN
.	.
The	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
recognize	VBP
finally	RB
that	IN
,	,
with	IN
those	DT
additional	JJ
facilities	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
provided	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
Sections	NNS
A	DT
and	CC
B	NNP
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
,	,
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
would	MD
normally	RB
be	VB
sufficient	JJ
to	TO
enable	VB
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
economic	JJ
development	NN
.	.
They	PRP
agree	VBP
,	,
however	RB
,	,
that	IN
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
circumstances	NNS
where	WRB
no	DT
measure	NN
consistent	JJ
with	IN
those	DT
provisions	NNS
is	VBZ
practicable	JJ
to	TO
permit	VB
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
in	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
economic	JJ
development	NN
to	TO
grant	VB
the	DT
governmental	JJ
assistance	NN
required	VBN
to	TO
promote	VB
the	DT
establishment	NN
of	IN
particular	JJ
industries	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
view	NN
to	TO
raising	VBG
the	DT
general	JJ
standard	NN
of	IN
living	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
people	NNS
.	.
Special	JJ
procedures	NNS
are	VBP
laid	VBN
down	RP
in	IN
Sections	NNS
C	NNP
and	CC
D	NNP
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
those	DT
cases	NNS
.	.
The	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
recognize	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
export	NN
earnings	NNS
of	IN
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
,	,
the	DT
economies	NNS
of	IN
which	WDT
are	VBP
of	IN
the	DT
type	NN
described	VBN
in	IN
paragraph	NN
4	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
above	IN
and	CC
which	WDT
depend	VBP
on	IN
exports	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
small	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
primary	JJ
commodities	NNS
,	,
may	MD
be	VB
seriously	RB
reduced	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
decline	NN
in	IN
the	DT
sale	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
commodities	NNS
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
when	WRB
the	DT
exports	NNS
of	IN
primary	JJ
commodities	NNS
by	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
are	VBP
seriously	RB
affected	VBN
by	IN
measures	NNS
taken	VBN
by	IN
another	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
resort	NN
to	TO
the	DT
consultation	NN
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Article	NNP
XXII	NNP
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
.	.
PARTIES	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
find	VB
that	IN
the	DT
compensation	NN
offered	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
proposing	VBG
to	TO
modify	VB
or	CC
withdraw	VB
the	DT
concession	NN
is	VBZ
adequate	JJ
,	,
but	CC
find	VBP
that	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
made	VBN
every	DT
reasonable	JJ
effort	NN
to	TO
offer	VB
adequate	JJ
compensation	NN
,	,
that	IN
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
proceed	VB
with	IN
such	JJ
modification	NN
or	CC
withdrawal	NN
.	.
If	IN
such	JJ
action	NN
is	VBZ
taken	VBN
,	,
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
referred	VBD
to	TO
in	IN
sub-paragraph	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
above	IN
shall	MD
be	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
modify	VB
or	CC
withdraw	VB
substantially	RB
equivalent	JJ
concessions	NNS
initially	RB
negotiated	VBD
with	IN
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
which	WDT
has	VBZ
taken	VBN
the	DT
action	NN
.	.
The	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
recognize	VBP
that	IN
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
coming	VBG
within	IN
the	DT
scope	NN
of	IN
paragraph	NN
4	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
tend	VB
,	,
when	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
in	IN
rapid	JJ
process	NN
of	IN
development	NN
,	,
to	TO
experience	VB
balance	NN
of	IN
payments	NNS
difficulties	NNS
arising	VBG
mainly	RB
from	IN
efforts	NNS
to	TO
expand	VB
their	PRP$
internal	JJ
markets	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
from	IN
the	DT
instability	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
terms	NNS
of	IN
trade	NN
.	.
In	IN
applying	VBG
these	DT
restrictions	NNS
,	,
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
may	MD
determine	VB
their	PRP$
incidence	NN
on	IN
imports	NNS
of	IN
different	JJ
products	NNS
or	CC
classes	NNS
of	IN
products	NNS
in	IN
such	JJ
a	DT
way	NN
as	IN
to	TO
give	VB
priority	NN
to	TO
the	DT
importation	NN
of	IN
those	DT
products	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
more	RBR
essential	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
light	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
policy	NN
of	IN
economic	JJ
development	NN
;	:
Provided	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
restrictions	NNS
are	VBP
so	RB
applied	VBN
as	IN
to	TO
avoid	VB
unnecessary	JJ
damage	NN
to	TO
the	DT
commercial	JJ
or	CC
economic	JJ
interests	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
and	CC
not	RB
to	TO
prevent	VB
unreasonably	RB
the	DT
importation	NN
of	IN
any	DT
description	NN
of	IN
goods	NNS
in	IN
minimum	JJ
commercial	JJ
quantities	NNS
the	DT
exclusion	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
would	MD
impair	VB
regular	JJ
channels	NNS
of	IN
trade	NN
;	:
and	CC
Provided	VBN
further	RBR
that	IN
the	DT
restrictions	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
so	RB
applied	VBN
as	IN
to	TO
prevent	VB
the	DT
importation	NN
of	IN
commercial	JJ
samples	NNS
or	CC
to	TO
prevent	VB
compliance	NN
with	IN
patent	NN
,	,
trade	NN
mark	NN
,	,
copyright	NN
or	CC
similar	JJ
procedures	NNS
.	.
In	IN
carrying	VBG
out	RP
its	PRP$
domestic	JJ
policies	NNS
,	,
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
concerned	JJ
shall	MD
pay	VB
due	JJ
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
restoring	VBG
equilibrium	NN
in	IN
its	PRP$
balance	NN
of	IN
payments	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
sound	NN
and	CC
lasting	JJ
basis	NN
and	CC
to	TO
the	DT
desirability	NN
of	IN
assuring	VBG
an	DT
economic	JJ
employment	NN
of	IN
productive	JJ
resources	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
shall	MD
progressively	RB
relax	VB
any	DT
restrictions	NNS
applied	VBN
under	IN
this	DT
Section	NN
as	IN
conditions	NNS
improve	VBP
,	,
maintaining	VBG
them	PRP
only	RB
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
necessary	JJ
under	IN
the	DT
terms	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
9	CD
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
eliminate	VB
them	PRP
when	WRB
conditions	NNS
no	RB
longer	RB
justify	VB
such	JJ
maintenance	NN
;	:
Provided	VBN
that	IN
no	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
withdraw	VB
or	CC
modify	VB
restrictions	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
ground	NN
that	IN
a	DT
change	NN
in	IN
its	PRP$
development	NN
policy	NN
would	MD
render	VB
unnecessary	JJ
the	DT
restrictions	NNS
which	WDT
it	PRP
is	VBZ
applying	VBG
under	IN
this	DT
Section	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
coming	VBG
within	IN
the	DT
scope	NN
of	IN
paragraph	NN
4	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
finds	VBZ
that	IN
governmental	JJ
assistance	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
promote	VB
the	DT
establishment	NN
of	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
industry	NN
with	IN
a	DT
view	NN
to	TO
raising	VBG
the	DT
general	JJ
standard	NN
of	IN
living	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
people	NNS
,	,
but	CC
that	IN
no	DT
measure	NN
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
is	VBZ
practicable	JJ
to	TO
achieve	VB
that	DT
objective	NN
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
recourse	NN
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
set	VBN
out	RP
in	IN
this	DT
Section	NN
.	.
CONTRACTING	NN
PARTIES	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
request	VB
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
concerned	VBN
to	TO
consult	VB
with	IN
them	PRP
,	,
that	IN
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
deviate	VB
from	IN
the	DT
relevant	JJ
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
Articles	NNPS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
apply	VB
the	DT
proposed	VBN
measure	NN
.	.
If	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
requested	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
,	,
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
concerned	JJ
shall	MD
consult	VB
with	IN
them	PRP
as	IN
to	TO
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
measure	NN
,	,
as	IN
to	TO
alternative	JJ
measures	NNS
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
under	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
,	,
and	CC
as	IN
to	TO
the	DT
possible	JJ
effect	NN
of	IN
the	DT
measure	NN
proposed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
commercial	JJ
and	CC
economic	JJ
interests	NNS
of	IN
other	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
.	.
If	IN
,	,
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
consultation	NN
,	,
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNPS
agree	VBP
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
measure	NN
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
practicable	JJ
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
achieve	VB
the	DT
objective	JJ
outlined	VBN
in	IN
paragraph	NN
13	CD
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
,	,
and	CC
concur	VB
in	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
measure	NN
,	,
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
concerned	JJ
shall	MD
be	VB
released	VBN
from	IN
its	PRP$
obligations	NNS
under	IN
the	DT
relevant	JJ
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
Articles	NNPS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
apply	VB
that	DT
measure	NN
.	.
The	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
having	VBG
recourse	NN
to	TO
this	DT
Section	NN
shall	MD
thereupon	RB
be	VB
released	VBN
from	IN
its	PRP$
obligations	NNS
under	IN
the	DT
relevant	JJ
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
Articles	NNPS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
permit	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
apply	VB
the	DT
measure	NN
.	.
Article	NNP
concerns	VBZ
an	DT
industry	NN
the	DT
establishment	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
has	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
initial	JJ
period	NN
been	VBN
facilitated	VBN
by	IN
incidental	JJ
protection	NN
afforded	VBN
by	IN
restrictions	NNS
imposed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
concerned	VBN
for	IN
balance	NN
of	IN
payments	NNS
purposes	NNS
under	IN
the	DT
relevant	JJ
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
,	,
that	IN
contracting	VBG
party	NN
may	MD
resort	VB
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Section	NN
;	:
Provided	VBN
that	IN
it	PRP
shall	MD
not	RB
apply	VB
the	DT
proposed	VBN
measure	NN
without	IN
the	DT
concurrence	NN
of	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
.	.
Nothing	NN
in	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
paragraphs	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Section	NN
shall	MD
authorize	VB
any	DT
deviation	NN
from	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Articles	NNPS
I	PRP
,	,
II	NNP
and	CC
XIII	NNP
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
.	.
The	DT
provisos	NNS
to	TO
paragraph	NN
10	CD
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
shall	MD
also	RB
be	VB
applicable	JJ
to	TO
any	DT
restriction	NN
under	IN
this	DT
Section	NN
.	.
At	IN
any	DT
time	NN
while	IN
a	DT
measure	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
applied	VBN
under	IN
paragraph	NN
17	CD
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NNP
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
substantially	RB
affected	VBN
by	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
suspend	VB
the	DT
application	NN
to	TO
the	DT
trade	NN
of	IN
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
having	VBG
recourse	NN
to	TO
this	DT
Section	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
substantially	RB
equivalent	JJ
concessions	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
obligations	NNS
under	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
the	DT
suspension	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
disapprove	VB
;	:
Provided	VBN
that	IN
sixty	CD
days	NNS
'	POS
notice	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
suspension	NN
is	VBZ
given	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNP
not	RB
later	RB
than	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
after	IN
the	DT
measure	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
introduced	VBN
or	CC
changed	VBN
substantially	RB
to	TO
the	DT
detriment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
affected	VBN
.	.
Any	DT
such	JJ
contracting	NN
party	NN
shall	MD
afford	VB
adequate	JJ
opportunity	NN
for	IN
consultation	NN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Article	NNP
XXII	NNP
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
.	.
A	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
coming	VBG
within	IN
the	DT
scope	NN
of	IN
sub-paragraph	JJ
4	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
desiring	VBG
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
interest	NN
of	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
economy	NN
,	,
to	TO
introduce	VB
a	DT
measure	NN
of	IN
the	DT
type	NN
described	VBN
in	IN
paragraph	NN
13	CD
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
in	IN
respect	NN
of	IN
the	DT
establishment	NN
of	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
industry	NN
may	MD
apply	VB
to	TO
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNP
for	IN
approval	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
measure	NN
.	.
The	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNPS
shall	MD
promptly	RB
consult	VB
with	IN
such	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
,	,
in	IN
making	VBG
their	PRP$
decision	NN
,	,
be	VB
guided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
considerations	NNS
set	VBN
out	RP
in	IN
paragraph	NN
16	CD
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
concur	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
measure	NN
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
concerned	JJ
shall	MD
be	VB
released	VBN
from	IN
its	PRP$
obligations	NNS
under	IN
the	DT
relevant	JJ
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
Articles	NNPS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
permit	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
apply	VB
the	DT
measure	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
measure	NN
affects	VBZ
a	DT
product	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
the	DT
subject	NN
of	IN
a	DT
concession	NN
included	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
Schedule	NN
annexed	VBD
to	TO
this	DT
Agreement	NN
,	,
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
18	CD
shall	MD
apply	VB
.	.
Before	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
take	VB
action	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
,	,
it	PRP
shall	MD
give	VB
notice	NN
in	IN
writing	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNPS
as	IN
far	RB
in	IN
advance	NN
as	IN
may	MD
be	VB
practicable	JJ
and	CC
shall	MD
afford	VB
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNPS
and	CC
those	DT
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
having	VBG
a	DT
substantial	JJ
interest	NN
as	IN
exporters	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
product	NN
concerned	VBN
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
consult	VB
with	IN
it	PRP
in	IN
respect	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
action	NN
.	.
When	WRB
such	JJ
notice	NN
is	VBZ
given	VBN
in	IN
relation	NN
to	TO
a	DT
concession	NN
with	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
a	DT
preference	NN
,	,
the	DT
notice	NN
shall	MD
name	VB
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
which	WDT
has	VBZ
requested	VBN
the	DT
action	NN
.	.
In	IN
critical	JJ
circumstances	NNS
,	,
where	WRB
delay	NN
would	MD
cause	VB
damage	NN
which	WDT
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
difficult	JJ
to	TO
repair	VB
,	,
action	NN
under	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
may	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
provisionally	RB
without	IN
prior	RB
consultation	NN
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
condition	NN
that	WDT
consultation	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
effected	VBN
immediately	RB
after	IN
taking	VBG
such	JJ
action	NN
.	.
Each	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
accord	VB
sympathetic	JJ
consideration	NN
to	TO
,	,
and	CC
shall	MD
afford	VB
adequate	JJ
opportunity	NN
for	IN
consultation	NN
regarding	VBG
,	,
such	JJ
representations	NNS
as	IN
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
by	IN
another	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
with	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
any	DT
matter	NN
affecting	VBG
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
.	.
Economic	NNP
and	CC
Social	NNP
Council	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
Nations	NNPS
and	CC
with	IN
any	DT
appropriate	JJ
inter-governmental	JJ
organization	NN
in	IN
cases	NNS
where	WRB
they	PRP
consider	VBP
such	JJ
consultation	NN
necessary	JJ
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
consider	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
circumstances	NNS
are	VBP
serious	JJ
enough	RB
to	TO
justify	VB
such	JJ
action	NN
,	,
they	PRP
may	MD
authorize	VB
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
or	CC
parties	NNS
to	TO
suspend	VB
the	DT
application	NN
to	TO
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
or	CC
parties	NNS
of	IN
such	JJ
concessions	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
obligations	NNS
under	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
as	IN
they	PRP
determine	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
appropriate	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
circumstances	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
application	NN
to	TO
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
of	IN
any	DT
concession	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
obligation	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
fact	NN
suspended	VBN
,	,
that	IN
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
then	RB
be	VB
free	JJ
,	,
not	RB
later	RB
than	IN
sixty	CD
days	NNS
after	IN
such	JJ
action	NN
is	VBZ
taken	VBN
,	,
to	TO
give	VB
written	VBN
notice	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Secretary	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
of	IN
its	PRP$
intention	NN
to	TO
withdraw	VB
from	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
and	CC
such	JJ
withdrawal	NN
shall	MD
take	VB
effect	NN
upon	IN
the	DT
sixtieth	JJ
day	NN
following	VBG
the	DT
day	NN
on	IN
which	WDT
such	JJ
notice	NN
is	VBZ
received	VBN
by	IN
him	PRP
.	.
The	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
shalt	NN
apply	VB
to	TO
the	DT
metropolitan	JJ
customs	NNS
territories	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
any	DT
other	JJ
customs	NNS
territories	NNS
in	IN
respect	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
this	DT
Agreement	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
accepted	VBN
under	IN
Article	NNP
XXVI	NNP
or	CC
is	VBZ
being	VBG
applied	VBN
under	IN
Article	NNP
XXXIII	NNP
or	CC
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Protocol	NNP
of	IN
Provisional	NNP
Application	NNP
.	.
Each	DT
such	JJ
customs	NNS
territory	NN
shall	MD
,	,
exclusively	RB
for	IN
the	DT
purposes	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
territorial	JJ
application	NN
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
,	,
be	VB
treated	VBN
as	IN
though	IN
it	PRP
were	VBD
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
;	:
Provided	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
paragraph	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
construed	VBN
to	TO
create	VB
any	DT
rights	NNS
or	CC
obligations	NNS
as	IN
between	IN
two	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
customs	NNS
territories	NNS
in	IN
respect	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
this	DT
Agreement	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
accepted	VBN
under	IN
Article	NNP
XXVI	NNP
or	CC
is	VBZ
being	VBG
applied	VBN
under	IN
Article	NNP
XXXIII	NNP
or	CC
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Protocol	NNP
of	IN
Provisional	NNP
Application	NNP
by	IN
a	DT
single	JJ
contracting	NN
party	NN
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
purposes	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
a	DT
customs	NNS
territory	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
understood	VBN
to	TO
mean	VB
any	DT
territory	NN
with	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
separate	JJ
tariffs	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
regulations	NNS
of	IN
commerce	NN
are	VBP
maintained	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
substantial	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
trade	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
territory	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
territories	NNS
.	.
The	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
recognize	VBP
the	DT
desirability	NN
of	IN
increasing	VBG
freedom	NN
of	IN
trade	NN
by	IN
the	DT
development	NN
,	,
through	IN
voluntary	JJ
agreements	NNS
,	,
of	IN
closer	JJR
integration	NN
between	IN
the	DT
economies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
countries	NNS
parties	NNS
to	TO
such	JJ
agreements	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
also	RB
recognize	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
a	DT
customs	NNS
union	NN
or	CC
of	IN
a	DT
free-trade	JJ
area	NN
should	MD
be	VB
to	TO
facilitate	VB
trade	NN
between	IN
the	DT
constituent	JJ
territories	NNS
and	CC
not	RB
to	TO
raise	VB
barriers	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
trade	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
with	IN
such	JJ
territories	NNS
.	.
If	IN
,	,
in	IN
fulfilling	VBG
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
sub-paragraph	JJ
5	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
proposes	VBZ
to	TO
increase	VB
any	DT
rate	NN
of	IN
duty	NN
inconsistently	RB
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Article	NNP
II	NNP
,	,
the	DT
procedure	NN
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
Article	NNP
XXVIII	NNP
shall	MD
apply	VB
.	.
In	IN
providing	VBG
for	IN
compensatory	JJ
adjustment	NN
,	,
due	JJ
account	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
of	IN
the	DT
compensation	NN
already	RB
afforded	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
reductions	NNS
brought	VBD
about	RB
in	IN
the	DT
corresponding	JJ
duty	NN
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
constituents	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
union	NN
.	.
Taking	VBG
into	IN
account	NN
the	DT
exceptional	JJ
circumstances	NNS
arising	VBG
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
establishment	NN
of	IN
India	NNP
and	CC
Pakistan	NNP
as	IN
independent	JJ
States	NNPS
and	CC
recognizing	VBG
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
long	RB
constituted	VBN
an	DT
economic	JJ
unit	NN
,	,
the	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
agree	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
prevent	VB
the	DT
two	CD
countries	NNS
from	IN
entering	VBG
into	IN
special	JJ
arrangements	NNS
with	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
the	DT
trade	NN
between	IN
them	PRP
,	,
pending	VBG
the	DT
establishment	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
mutual	JJ
trade	NN
relations	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
definitive	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
Each	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
take	VB
such	JJ
reasonable	JJ
measures	NNS
as	IN
may	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
it	PRP
to	TO
ensure	VB
observance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
by	IN
the	DT
regional	JJ
and	CC
local	JJ
governments	NNS
and	CC
authorities	NNS
within	IN
its	PRP$
territory	NN
.	.
Agreement	NN
,	,
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
may	MD
waive	VB
an	DT
obligation	NN
imposed	VBN
upon	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
by	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
;	:
Provided	VBN
that	IN
any	DT
such	JJ
decision	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
approved	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
two-thirds	NNS
majority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
votes	NNS
cast	VBD
and	CC
that	IN
such	JJ
majority	NN
shall	MD
comprise	VB
more	JJR
than	IN
half	NN
of	IN
the	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
government	NN
accepting	VBG
this	DT
Agreement	NN
shall	MD
deposit	VB
an	DT
instrument	NN
of	IN
acceptance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Secretary	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
,	,
who	WP
will	MD
inform	VB
all	DT
interested	JJ
governments	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
deposit	NN
of	IN
each	DT
instrument	NN
of	IN
acceptance	NN
and	CC
of	IN
the	DT
day	NN
on	IN
which	WDT
this	DT
Agreement	NN
enters	VBZ
into	IN
force	NN
under	IN
paragraph	NN
6	CD
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
.	.
This	DT
Agreement	NN
shall	MD
enter	VB
into	IN
force	NN
,	,
as	IN
among	IN
the	DT
governments	NNS
which	WDT
have	VBP
accepted	VBN
it	PRP
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
thirtieth	JJ
day	NN
following	VBG
the	DT
day	NN
on	IN
which	WDT
instruments	NNS
of	IN
acceptance	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
deposited	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Secretary	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
governments	NNS
named	VBN
in	IN
Annex	NNP
H	NNP
,	,
the	DT
territories	NNS
of	IN
which	WDT
account	NN
for	IN
85	CD
per	IN
centum	NN
of	IN
the	DT
total	JJ
external	JJ
trade	NN
of	IN
the	DT
territories	NNS
of	IN
such	JJ
governments	NNS
,	,
computed	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
applicable	JJ
column	NN
of	IN
percentages	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
therein	RB
.	.
Any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
be	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
withhold	VB
or	CC
to	TO
withdraw	VB
in	IN
whole	JJ
or	CC
in	IN
part	NN
any	DT
concession	NN
,	,
provided	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
Schedule	NN
annexed	VBD
to	TO
this	DT
Agreement	NN
,	,
in	IN
respect	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
such	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
determines	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
initially	RB
negotiated	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
government	NN
which	WDT
has	VBZ
not	RB
become	VB
,	,
or	CC
has	VBZ
ceased	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
,	,
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
.	.
A	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
taking	VBG
such	JJ
action	NN
shall	MD
notify	VB
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNPS
and	CC
,	,
upon	IN
request	NN
,	,
consult	VB
with	IN
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
which	WDT
have	VBP
a	DT
substantial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
product	NN
concerned	VBN
.	.
On	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
each	DT
three-year	JJ
period	NN
,	,
the	DT
first	JJ
period	NN
beginning	VBG
on	IN
1	CD
January	NNP
1958	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
period	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
specified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
by	IN
two-thirds	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
votes	NNS
cast	VBD
-RRB-	-RRB-
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
hereafter	NN
in	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
referred	VBD
to	TO
as	IN
the	DT
``	``
applicant	NN
contracting	VBG
party	NN
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
may	MD
,	,
by	IN
negotiation	NN
and	CC
agreement	NN
with	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
with	IN
which	WDT
such	JJ
concession	NN
was	VBD
initially	RB
negotiated	VBN
and	CC
with	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
principal	JJ
supplying	VBG
interest	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
two	CD
preceding	VBG
categories	NNS
of	IN
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
,	,
together	RB
with	IN
the	DT
applicant	NN
contracting	VBG
party	NN
,	,
are	VBP
in	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
hereinafter	NN
referred	VBD
to	TO
as	IN
the	DT
``	``
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
primarily	RB
concerned	VBN
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
subject	JJ
to	TO
consultation	NN
with	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
determined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
substantial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
such	JJ
concession	NN
,	,
modify	VBP
or	CC
withdraw	VBP
a	DT
concession	NN
included	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
Schedule	NN
annexed	VBD
to	TO
this	DT
Agreement	NN
.	.
In	IN
such	JJ
negotiations	NNS
and	CC
agreement	NN
,	,
which	WDT
may	MD
include	VB
provision	NN
for	IN
compensatory	JJ
adjustment	NN
with	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
other	JJ
products	NNS
,	,
the	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
concerned	VBN
shall	MD
endeavor	VB
to	TO
maintain	VB
a	DT
general	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
reciprocal	JJ
and	CC
mutually	RB
advantageous	JJ
concessions	NNS
not	RB
less	RBR
favourable	JJ
to	TO
trade	VB
than	IN
that	DT
provided	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
such	JJ
negotiations	NNS
.	.
PARTIES	NNS
to	TO
reserve	VB
the	DT
right	NN
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
duration	NN
of	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
period	NN
,	,
to	TO
modify	VB
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
Schedule	NNP
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
procedures	NNS
of	IN
paragraphs	NNS
1	CD
to	TO
3	CD
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
so	RB
elects	VBZ
,	,
other	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
shall	MD
have	VB
the	DT
right	NN
,	,
during	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
period	NN
,	,
to	TO
modify	VB
or	CC
withdraw	VB
,	,
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
procedures	NNS
,	,
concessions	NNS
initially	RB
negotiated	VBD
with	IN
that	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
.	.
The	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
recognize	VBP
that	IN
customs	NNS
duties	NNS
often	RB
constitute	VBP
serious	JJ
obstacles	NNS
to	TO
trade	VB
;	:
thus	RB
negotiations	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
reciprocal	JJ
and	CC
mutually	RB
advantageous	JJ
basis	NN
,	,
directed	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
substantial	JJ
reduction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
tariffs	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
charges	NNS
on	IN
imports	NNS
and	CC
exports	NNS
and	CC
in	IN
particular	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
reduction	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
high	JJ
tariffs	NNS
as	IN
discourage	VBP
the	DT
importation	NN
even	RB
of	IN
minimum	JJ
quantities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
conducted	VBN
with	IN
due	JJ
regard	NN
to	TO
the	DT
objectives	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
and	CC
the	DT
varying	VBG
needs	NNS
of	IN
individual	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
,	,
are	VBP
of	IN
great	JJ
importance	NN
to	TO
the	DT
expansion	NN
of	IN
international	JJ
trade	NN
.	.
The	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTES	NNP
may	MD
therefore	RB
sponsor	VB
such	JJ
negotiations	NNS
from	IN
time	NN
to	TO
time	NN
.	.
The	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
undertake	VBP
to	TO
observe	VB
to	TO
the	DT
fullest	JJS
extent	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
executive	NN
authority	NN
the	DT
general	JJ
principles	NNS
of	IN
Chapters	NNS
I	PRP
to	TO
VI	NNP
inclusive	JJ
and	CC
of	IN
Chapter	NN
IX	CD
of	IN
the	DT
Havana	NNP
Charter	NNP
pending	VBG
their	PRP$
acceptance	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
their	PRP$
constitutional	JJ
procedures	NNS
.	.
Pending	VBG
such	JJ
agreement	NN
,	,
Part	NNP
II	NNP
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
shall	MD
again	RB
enter	VB
into	IN
force	NN
;	:
Provided	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Part	NNP
II	NNP
other	JJ
than	IN
Article	NNP
XXIII	NNP
shall	MD
be	VB
replaced	VBN
,	,
mutatis	JJ
mutandis	NNS
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
form	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
then	RB
appeared	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
Havana	NNP
Charter	NNP
;	:
and	CC
Provided	VBN
further	RBR
that	IN
no	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
bound	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
provisions	NNS
which	WDT
did	VBD
not	RB
bind	NN
it	PRP
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
the	DT
Havana	NNP
Charter	NNP
ceased	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
in	IN
force	NN
.	.
If	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
accepted	VBN
the	DT
Havana	NNP
Charter	NNP
by	IN
the	DT
date	NN
upon	IN
which	WDT
it	PRP
enters	VBZ
into	IN
force	NN
,	,
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNPS
shall	MD
confer	VB
to	TO
agree	VB
whether	IN
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
so	RB
in	IN
what	WP
way	NN
,	,
this	DT
Agreement	NN
in	IN
so	RB
far	RB
as	IN
it	PRP
affects	VBZ
relations	NNS
between	IN
such	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
supplemented	VBN
or	CC
amended	VBN
.	.
Pending	VBG
such	JJ
agreement	NN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Part	NNP
Il	NNP
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
shall	MD
,	,
notwithstanding	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
2	CD
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
,	,
continue	VBP
to	TO
apply	VB
as	IN
between	IN
such	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
.	.
Organization	NNP
shall	MD
not	RB
invoke	VB
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
so	RB
as	IN
to	TO
prevent	VB
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
any	DT
provision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Havana	NNP
Charter	NNP
.	.
The	DT
application	NN
of	IN
the	DT
principle	NN
underlying	VBG
this	DT
paragraph	NN
to	TO
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
Member	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Trade	NNP
Organization	NNP
shall	MD
be	VB
the	DT
subject	NN
of	IN
an	DT
agreement	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
paragraph	NN
5	CD
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
.	.
Agreement	NN
,	,
amendments	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Part	NN
I	PRP
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
or	CC
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Article	NNP
XXIX	NNP
or	CC
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
shall	MD
become	VB
effective	JJ
upon	IN
acceptance	NN
by	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
amendments	NNS
to	TO
this	DT
Agreement	NN
shall	MD
become	VB
effective	JJ
,	,
in	IN
respect	NN
of	IN
those	DT
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
which	WDT
accept	VBP
them	PRP
,	,
upon	IN
acceptance	NN
by	IN
two-thirds	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
and	CC
thereafter	RB
for	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
upon	IN
acceptance	NN
by	IN
it	PRP
.	.
Article	NNP
XXIII	NNP
or	CC
of	IN
paragraph	NN
2	CD
of	IN
Article	NNP
XXX	NNP
,	,
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
may	MD
withdraw	VB
from	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
,	,
or	CC
may	MD
separately	RB
withdraw	VB
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
separate	JJ
customs	NNS
territories	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
it	PRP
has	VBZ
international	JJ
responsibility	NN
and	CC
which	WDT
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
possesses	VBZ
full	JJ
autonomy	NN
in	IN
the	DT
conduct	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
external	JJ
commercial	JJ
relations	NNS
and	CC
of	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
matters	NNS
provided	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
.	.
The	DT
withdrawal	NN
shall	MD
take	VB
effect	NN
upon	IN
the	DT
expiration	NN
of	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
day	NN
on	IN
which	WDT
written	VBN
notice	NN
of	IN
withdrawal	NN
is	VBZ
received	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Secretary-General	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
Nations	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
to	TO
this	DT
Agreement	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
understood	VBN
to	TO
mean	VB
those	DT
governments	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
applying	VBG
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
under	IN
Articles	NNPS
XXVI	NNP
or	CC
XXXIII	NNP
or	CC
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Protocol	NNP
of	IN
Provisional	NNP
Application	NNP
.	.
At	IN
any	DT
time	NN
after	IN
the	DT
entry	NN
into	IN
force	NN
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
paragraph	NN
6	CD
of	IN
Article	NNP
XXVI	NNP
,	,
those	DT
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
which	WDT
have	VBP
accepted	VBN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
paragraph	NN
4	CD
of	IN
Article	NNP
XXVI	NNP
may	MD
decide	VB
that	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
which	WDT
has	VBZ
not	RB
so	RB
accepted	VBN
it	PRP
shall	MD
cease	VB
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
need	NN
for	IN
positive	JJ
efforts	NNS
designed	VBN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
less	JJR
-	:
developed	VBD
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
secure	VBP
a	DT
share	NN
in	IN
the	DT
growth	NN
in	IN
international	JJ
trade	NN
commensurate	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
economic	JJ
development	NN
.	.
Given	VBN
the	DT
continued	VBN
dependence	NN
of	IN
many	JJ
less-developed	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
exportation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
limited	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
primary	JJ
products	NNS
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
need	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
in	IN
the	DT
largest	JJS
possible	JJ
measure	NN
more	RBR
favourable	JJ
and	CC
acceptable	JJ
conditions	NNS
of	IN
access	NN
to	TO
world	NN
markets	NNS
for	IN
these	DT
products	NNS
,	,
and	CC
wherever	WRB
appropriate	JJ
to	TO
devise	VB
measures	NNS
designed	VBN
to	TO
stabilize	VB
and	CC
improve	VB
conditions	NNS
of	IN
world	NN
markets	NNS
in	IN
these	DT
products	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
in	IN
particular	JJ
measures	NNS
designed	VBN
to	TO
attain	VB
stable	JJ
,	,
equitable	JJ
and	CC
remunerative	JJ
prices	NNS
,	,
thus	RB
permitting	VBG
an	DT
expansion	NN
of	IN
world	NN
trade	NN
and	CC
demand	NN
and	CC
a	DT
dynamic	JJ
and	CC
steady	JJ
growth	NN
of	IN
the	DT
real	JJ
export	NN
earnings	NNS
of	IN
these	DT
countries	NNS
so	RB
as	IN
to	TO
provide	VB
them	PRP
with	IN
expanding	VBG
resources	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
economic	JJ
development	NN
.	.
The	DT
rapid	JJ
expansion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
economies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
less-developed	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
facilitated	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
diversification	NN
of	IN
the	DT
structure	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
economies	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
avoidance	NN
of	IN
an	DT
excessive	JJ
dependence	NN
on	IN
the	DT
export	NN
of	IN
primary	JJ
products	NNS
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
,	,
therefore	RB
,	,
need	VBP
for	IN
increased	JJ
access	NN
in	IN
the	DT
largest	JJS
possible	JJ
measure	NN
to	TO
markets	NNS
under	IN
favourable	JJ
conditions	NNS
for	IN
processed	VBN
and	CC
manufactured	VBN
products	NNS
currently	RB
or	CC
potentially	RB
of	IN
particular	JJ
export	NN
interest	NN
to	TO
less-developed	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
chronic	NN
deficiency	NN
in	IN
the	DT
export	NN
proceeds	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
foreign	JJ
exchange	NN
earnings	NNS
of	IN
less-developed	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
important	JJ
inter-relationships	NNS
between	IN
trade	NN
and	CC
financial	JJ
assistance	NN
to	TO
development	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
,	,
therefore	RB
,	,
need	VBP
for	IN
close	RB
and	CC
continuing	VBG
collaboration	NN
between	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNPS
and	CC
the	DT
international	JJ
lending	NN
agencies	NNS
so	IN
that	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
contribute	VB
most	RBS
effectively	RB
to	TO
alleviating	VBG
the	DT
burdens	NNS
these	DT
less-developed	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
assume	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
interest	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
economic	JJ
development	NN
.	.
The	DT
developed	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
expect	VB
reciprocity	NN
for	IN
commitments	NNS
made	VBN
by	IN
them	PRP
in	IN
trade	NN
negotiations	NNS
to	TO
reduce	VB
or	CC
remove	VB
tariffs	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
barriers	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
trade	NN
of	IN
less-developed	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
.	.
Less-developed	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
agree	VBP
to	TO
take	VB
appropriate	JJ
action	NN
in	IN
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Part	NNP
IV	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
benefit	NN
of	IN
the	DT
trade	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
less-developed	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
,	,
in	IN
so	RB
far	RB
as	IN
such	JJ
action	NN
is	VBZ
consistent	JJ
with	IN
their	PRP$
individual	JJ
present	JJ
and	CC
future	JJ
development	NN
,	,
financial	JJ
and	CC
trade	NN
needs	NNS
taking	VBG
into	IN
account	NN
past	JJ
trade	NN
developments	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
trade	NN
interests	NNS
of	IN
less-developed	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
whole	NN
.	.
Certain	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
territories	NNS
listed	VBN
above	IN
have	VBP
two	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
preferential	JJ
rates	NNS
in	IN
force	NN
for	IN
certain	JJ
products	NNS
.	.
Any	DT
such	JJ
territory	NN
may	MD
,	,
by	IN
agreement	NN
with	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
principal	JJ
suppliers	NNS
of	IN
such	JJ
products	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
most-favoured-nation	JJ
rate	NN
,	,
substitute	NN
for	IN
such	JJ
preferential	JJ
rates	NNS
a	DT
single	JJ
preferential	JJ
rate	NN
which	WDT
shall	MD
not	RB
on	IN
the	DT
whole	JJ
be	VB
less	JJR
favourable	JJ
to	TO
suppliers	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
most-favoured-nation	JJ
rate	NN
than	IN
the	DT
preferences	NNS
in	IN
force	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
such	JJ
substitution	NN
.	.
The	DT
imposition	NN
of	IN
an	DT
equivalent	JJ
margin	NN
of	IN
tariff	NN
preference	NN
to	TO
replace	VB
a	DT
margin	NN
of	IN
preference	NN
in	IN
an	DT
internal	JJ
tax	NN
existing	VBG
on	IN
April	NNP
10	CD
,	,
1947	CD
exclusively	RB
between	IN
two	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
of	IN
the	DT
territories	NNS
listed	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
Annex	NNP
or	CC
to	TO
replace	VB
the	DT
preferential	JJ
quantitative	JJ
arrangements	NNS
described	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
paragraph	NN
,	,
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
deemed	VBN
to	TO
constitute	VB
an	DT
increase	NN
in	IN
a	DT
margin	NN
of	IN
tariff	NN
preference	NN
.	.
XIV	NNP
are	VBP
those	DT
existing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
Kingdom	NNP
on	IN
April	NNP
10	CD
,	,
1947	CD
,	,
under	IN
contractual	JJ
agreements	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
Governments	NNS
of	IN
Canada	NNP
,	,
Australia	NNP
and	CC
New	NNP
Zealand	NNP
,	,
in	IN
respect	NN
of	IN
chilled	VBN
and	CC
frozen	VBN
beef	NN
and	CC
veal	NN
,	,
frozen	VBN
mutton	NN
and	CC
lamb	NN
,	,
chilled	VBN
and	CC
frozen	VBN
pork	NN
,	,
and	CC
bacon	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
intention	NN
,	,
without	IN
prejudice	NN
to	TO
any	DT
action	NN
taken	VBN
under	IN
sub-paragraph	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
h	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
Article	NNP
XX	NNP
,	,
that	IN
these	DT
arrangements	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
eliminated	VBN
or	CC
replaced	VBN
by	IN
tariff	NN
preferences	NNS
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
negotiations	NNS
to	TO
this	DT
end	NN
shall	MD
take	VB
place	NN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
practicable	JJ
among	IN
the	DT
countries	NNS
substantially	RB
concerned	VBN
or	CC
involved	VBN
.	.
Agreement	NN
,	,
the	DT
present	JJ
Agreement	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
accepted	VBN
by	IN
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
the	DT
external	JJ
trade	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
under	IN
column	NN
I	PRP
accounts	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
percentage	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
trade	NN
specified	VBN
in	IN
paragraph	NN
6	CD
of	IN
Article	NNP
XXVI	NNP
,	,
column	NN
I	PRP
shall	MD
be	VB
applicable	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
purposes	NNS
of	IN
that	DT
paragraph	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
present	JJ
Agreement	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
so	RB
accepted	VBN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
accession	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Government	NN
of	IN
Japan	NNP
,	,
column	NN
II	NNP
shall	MD
be	VB
applicable	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
purposes	NNS
of	IN
that	DT
paragraph	NN
.	.
Except	IN
where	WRB
otherwise	RB
specifically	RB
agreed	VBD
between	IN
the	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
which	WDT
initially	RB
negotiated	VBD
the	DT
concession	NN
,	,
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
paragraph	NN
will	MD
be	VB
applied	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
light	NN
of	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Article	NNP
31	CD
of	IN
the	DT
Havana	NNP
Charter	NNP
.	.
Any	DT
internal	JJ
tax	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
internal	JJ
charge	NN
,	,
or	CC
any	DT
law	NN
,	,
regulation	NN
or	CC
requirement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
kind	NN
referred	VBD
to	TO
in	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
which	WDT
applies	VBZ
to	TO
an	DT
imported	VBN
product	NN
and	CC
to	TO
the	DT
like	JJ
domestic	JJ
product	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
collected	VBN
or	CC
enforced	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
the	DT
imported	VBN
product	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
or	CC
point	NN
of	IN
importation	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
nevertheless	RB
to	TO
be	VB
regarded	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
internal	JJ
tax	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
internal	JJ
charge	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
law	NN
,	,
regulation	NN
or	CC
requirement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
kind	NN
referred	VBD
to	TO
in	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
accordingly	RB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Article	NNP
III	NNP
.	.
The	DT
application	NN
of	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
to	TO
internal	JJ
taxes	NNS
imposed	VBN
by	IN
local	JJ
governments	NNS
and	CC
authorities	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
is	VBZ
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
final	JJ
paragraph	NN
of	IN
Article	NNP
XXIV	NNP
.	.
The	DT
term	NN
''	''
reasonable	JJ
measures	NNS
''	''
in	IN
the	DT
last-mentioned	JJ
paragraph	NN
would	MD
not	RB
require	VB
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
the	DT
repeal	NN
of	IN
existing	VBG
national	JJ
legislation	NN
authorizing	VBG
local	JJ
governments	NNS
to	TO
impose	VB
internal	JJ
taxes	NNS
which	WDT
,	,
although	IN
technically	RB
inconsistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
letter	NN
of	IN
Article	NNP
III	NNP
,	,
are	VBP
not	RB
in	IN
fact	NN
inconsistent	JJ
with	IN
its	PRP$
spirit	NN
,	,
if	IN
such	JJ
repeal	NN
would	MD
result	VB
in	IN
a	DT
serious	JJ
financial	JJ
hardship	NN
for	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
governments	NNS
or	CC
authorities	NNS
concerned	VBN
.	.
With	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
taxation	NN
by	IN
local	JJ
governments	NNS
or	CC
authorities	NNS
which	WDT
is	VBZ
inconsistent	JJ
with	IN
both	DT
the	DT
letter	NN
and	CC
spirit	NN
of	IN
Article	NNP
III	NNP
,	,
the	DT
term	NN
''	''
reasonable	JJ
measures	NNS
''	''
would	MD
permit	VB
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
to	TO
eliminate	VB
the	DT
inconsistent	JJ
taxation	NN
gradually	RB
over	IN
a	DT
transition	NN
period	NN
,	,
if	IN
abrupt	JJ
action	NN
would	MD
create	VB
serious	JJ
administrative	JJ
and	CC
financial	JJ
difficulties	NNS
.	.
A	DT
tax	NN
conforming	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
sentence	NN
of	IN
paragraph	NN
2	CD
would	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
inconsistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
sentence	NN
only	RB
in	IN
cases	NNS
where	WRB
competition	NN
was	VBD
involved	VBN
between	IN
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
one	CD
hand	NN
,	,
the	DT
taxed	VBN
product	NN
and	CC
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
hand	NN
,	,
a	DT
directly	RB
competitive	JJ
or	CC
substitutable	JJ
product	NN
which	WDT
was	VBD
not	RB
similarly	RB
taxed	VBN
.	.
Regulations	NNPS
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
sentence	NN
of	IN
paragraph	NN
5	CD
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
considered	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
contrary	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
sentence	NN
in	IN
any	DT
case	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
products	NNS
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
regulations	NNS
are	VBP
produced	VBN
domestically	RB
in	IN
substantial	JJ
quantities	NNS
.	.
A	DT
regulation	NN
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
justified	VBN
as	IN
being	VBG
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
sentence	NN
on	IN
the	DT
ground	NN
that	IN
the	DT
proportion	NN
or	CC
amount	NN
allocated	VBN
to	TO
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
products	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
the	DT
subject	NN
of	IN
the	DT
regulation	NN
constitutes	VBZ
an	DT
equitable	JJ
relationship	NN
between	IN
imported	VBN
and	CC
domestic	JJ
products	NNS
.	.
Hidden	JJ
dumping	VBG
by	IN
associated	VBN
houses	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
that	DT
is	VBZ
,	,
the	DT
sale	NN
by	IN
an	DT
importer	NN
at	IN
a	DT
price	NN
below	IN
that	DT
corresponding	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
price	NN
invoiced	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
exporter	NN
with	IN
whom	WP
the	DT
importer	NN
is	VBZ
associated	VBN
,	,
and	CC
also	RB
below	IN
the	DT
price	NN
in	IN
the	DT
exporting	VBG
country	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
constitutes	VBZ
a	DT
form	NN
of	IN
price	NN
dumping	VBG
with	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
the	DT
margin	NN
of	IN
dumping	VBG
may	MD
be	VB
calculated	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
the	DT
price	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
goods	NNS
are	VBP
resold	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
importer	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
recognized	VBN
that	IN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
imports	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
country	NN
which	WDT
has	VBZ
a	DT
complete	JJ
or	CC
substantially	RB
complete	JJ
monopoly	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
trade	NN
and	CC
where	WRB
all	DT
domestic	JJ
prices	NNS
are	VBP
fixed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
State	NN
,	,
special	JJ
difficulties	NNS
may	MD
exist	VB
in	IN
determining	VBG
price	NN
comparability	NN
for	IN
the	DT
purposes	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
such	JJ
cases	NNS
importing	VBG
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
may	MD
find	VB
it	PRP
necessary	JJ
to	TO
take	VB
into	IN
account	NN
the	DT
possibility	NN
that	IN
a	DT
strict	JJ
comparison	NN
with	IN
domestic	JJ
prices	NNS
in	IN
such	JJ
a	DT
country	NN
may	MD
not	RB
always	RB
be	VB
appropriate	JJ
.	.
As	IN
in	IN
many	JJ
other	JJ
cases	NNS
in	IN
customs	NNS
administration	NN
,	,
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
may	MD
require	VB
reasonable	JJ
security	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
bond	NN
or	CC
cash	NN
deposit	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
the	DT
payment	NN
of	IN
anti-dumping	JJ
or	CC
countervailing	VBG
duty	NN
pending	VBG
final	JJ
determination	NN
of	IN
the	DT
facts	NNS
in	IN
any	DT
case	NN
of	IN
suspected	VBN
dumping	VBG
or	CC
subsidization	NN
.	.
Multiple	JJ
currency	NN
practices	NNS
can	MD
in	IN
certain	JJ
circumstances	NNS
constitute	VBP
a	DT
subsidy	NN
to	TO
exports	NNS
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
met	VBN
by	IN
countervailing	VBG
duties	NNS
under	IN
paragraph	NN
3	CD
or	CC
can	MD
constitute	VB
a	DT
form	NN
of	IN
dumping	VBG
by	IN
means	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
partial	JJ
depreciation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
country	NN
's	POS
currency	NN
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
met	VBN
by	IN
action	NN
under	IN
paragraph	NN
2	CD
.	.
By	IN
''	''
multiple	JJ
currency	NN
practices	NNS
''	''
is	VBZ
meant	VBN
practices	NNS
by	IN
governments	NNS
or	CC
sanctioned	VBN
by	IN
governments	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
in	IN
conformity	NN
with	IN
Article	NNP
VII	NNP
to	TO
presume	VB
that	IN
``	``
actual	JJ
value	NN
''	''
may	MD
be	VB
represented	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
invoice	NN
price	NN
,	,
plus	CC
any	DT
non-included	JJ
charges	NNS
for	IN
legitimate	JJ
costs	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
proper	JJ
elements	NNS
of	IN
``	``
actual	JJ
value	NN
''	''
and	CC
plus	IN
any	DT
abnormal	JJ
discount	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
reduction	NN
from	IN
the	DT
ordinary	JJ
competitive	JJ
price	NN
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
in	IN
conformity	NN
with	IN
Article	NNP
VII	NNP
,	,
paragraph	NN
2	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
for	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
to	TO
construe	VB
the	DT
phrase	NN
``	``
in	IN
the	DT
ordinary	JJ
course	NN
of	IN
trade	NN
...	:
under	IN
fully	RB
competitive	JJ
conditions	NNS
''	''
,	,
as	IN
excluding	VBG
any	DT
transaction	NN
wherein	IN
the	DT
buyer	NN
and	CC
seller	NN
are	VBP
not	RB
independent	JJ
of	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
and	CC
price	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
sole	JJ
consideration	NN
.	.
The	DT
wording	NN
of	IN
sub-paragraphs	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
permits	VBZ
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
value	NN
for	IN
customs	NNS
purposes	NNS
uniformly	RB
either	DT
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
exporter	NN
's	POS
prices	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
imported	VBN
merchandise	NN
,	,
or	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
price	NN
level	NN
of	IN
like	IN
merchandise	NN
.	.
While	IN
Article	NNP
VIII	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
cover	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
multiple	JJ
rates	NNS
of	IN
exchange	NN
as	IN
such	JJ
,	,
paragraphs	NNS
1	CD
and	CC
4	CD
condemn	VBP
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
exchange	NN
taxes	NNS
or	CC
fees	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
device	NN
for	IN
implementing	VBG
multiple	JJ
currency	NN
practices	NNS
;	:
if	IN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
is	VBZ
using	VBG
multiple	JJ
currency	NN
exchange	NN
fees	NNS
for	IN
balance	NN
of	IN
payments	NNS
reasons	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Monetary	NNP
Fund	NNP
,	,
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
9	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
Article	NNP
XV	NNP
fully	RB
safeguard	VB
its	PRP$
position	NN
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
consistent	JJ
with	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
if	IN
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
importation	NN
of	IN
products	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
into	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
another	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
,	,
the	DT
production	NN
of	IN
certificates	NNS
of	IN
origin	NN
should	MD
only	RB
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
strictly	RB
indispensable	JJ
.	.
The	DT
term	NN
``	``
in	IN
any	DT
form	NN
''	''
in	IN
this	DT
paragraph	NN
covers	VBZ
the	DT
same	JJ
products	NNS
when	WRB
in	IN
an	DT
early	JJ
stage	NN
of	IN
processing	NN
and	CC
still	RB
perishable	JJ
,	,
which	WDT
compete	VBP
directly	RB
with	IN
the	DT
fresh	JJ
product	NN
and	CC
if	IN
freely	RB
imported	VBN
would	MD
tend	VB
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
restriction	NN
on	IN
the	DT
fresh	JJ
product	NN
ineffective	JJ
.	.
The	DT
term	NN
``	``
special	JJ
factors	NNS
''	''
includes	VBZ
changes	NNS
in	IN
relative	JJ
productive	JJ
efficiency	NN
as	IN
between	IN
domestic	JJ
and	CC
foreign	JJ
producers	NNS
,	,
or	CC
as	IN
between	IN
different	JJ
foreign	JJ
producers	NNS
but	CC
not	RB
changes	NNS
artificially	RB
brought	VBD
about	RB
by	IN
means	VBZ
not	RB
permitted	VBN
under	IN
the	DT
Agreement	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
agreed	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
date	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
within	IN
ninety	CD
days	NNS
after	IN
the	DT
entry	NN
into	IN
force	NN
of	IN
the	DT
amendments	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
effected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Protocol	NNP
Amending	VBG
the	DT
Preamble	NN
and	CC
Parts	NNP
II	NNP
and	CC
III	NNP
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
should	MD
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
find	VBP
that	IN
conditions	NNS
were	VBD
not	RB
suitable	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
application	NN
of	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
sub-paragraph	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
envisaged	VBD
,	,
they	PRP
may	MD
determine	VB
a	DT
later	JJ
date	NN
;	:
Provided	VBN
that	IN
such	JJ
date	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
thirty	CD
days	NNS
after	IN
such	JJ
time	NN
as	IN
the	DT
obligations	NNS
of	IN
Article	NNP
VIII	NNP
,	,
Sections	NNS
2	CD
,	,
3	CD
and	CC
4	CD
,	,
of	IN
the	DT
Articles	NNPS
of	IN
Agreement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Monetary	NNP
Fund	NNP
become	VBP
applicable	JJ
to	TO
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
,	,
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Fund	NNP
,	,
the	DT
combined	VBN
foreign	JJ
trade	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
constitutes	VBZ
at	IN
least	JJS
fifty	CD
per	IN
centum	NN
of	IN
the	DT
aggregate	JJ
foreign	JJ
trade	NN
of	IN
all	DT
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
agreed	VBN
that	IN
paragraph	NN
4	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
e	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
does	VBZ
not	RB
add	VB
any	DT
new	JJ
criteria	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
imposition	NN
or	CC
maintenance	NN
of	IN
quantitative	JJ
restrictions	NNS
for	IN
balance	NN
of	IN
payments	NNS
reasons	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
solely	RB
intended	VBN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
all	DT
external	JJ
factors	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
terms	NNS
of	IN
trade	NN
,	,
quantitative	JJ
restrictions	NNS
,	,
excessive	JJ
tariffs	NNS
and	CC
subsidies	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
contributing	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
balance	NN
of	IN
payments	NNS
difficulties	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
applying	VBG
restrictions	NNS
,	,
will	MD
be	VB
fully	RB
taken	VBN
into	IN
account	NN
.	.
No	DT
mention	NN
was	VBD
made	VBN
of	IN
``	``
commercial	JJ
considerations	NNS
''	''
as	IN
a	DT
rule	NN
for	IN
the	DT
allocation	NN
of	IN
quotas	NNS
because	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
considered	VBN
that	IN
its	PRP$
application	NN
by	IN
governmental	JJ
authorities	NNS
might	MD
not	RB
always	RB
be	VB
practicable	JJ
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
in	IN
cases	NNS
where	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
practicable	JJ
,	,
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
could	MD
apply	VB
these	DT
considerations	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
seeking	VBG
agreement	NN
,	,
consistently	RB
with	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
rule	NN
laid	VBD
down	RP
in	IN
the	DT
opening	NN
sentence	NN
of	IN
paragraph	NN
2	CD
.	.
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
situations	NNS
contemplated	VBN
in	IN
paragraph	NN
2	CD
is	VBZ
that	IN
of	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
holding	VBG
balances	NNS
acquired	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
current	JJ
transactions	NNS
which	WDT
it	PRP
finds	VBZ
itself	PRP
unable	JJ
to	TO
use	VB
without	IN
a	DT
measure	NN
of	IN
discrimination	NN
.	.
The	DT
word	NN
``	``
frustrate	VB
''	''
is	VBZ
intended	VBN
to	TO
indicate	VB
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
that	IN
infringements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
letter	NN
of	IN
any	DT
Article	NN
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
by	IN
exchange	NN
action	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
regarded	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
that	DT
Article	NN
if	IN
,	,
in	IN
practice	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
appreciable	JJ
departure	NN
from	IN
the	DT
intent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Article	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
which	WDT
,	,
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
exchange	NN
control	NN
operated	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Articles	NNPS
of	IN
Agreement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Monetary	NNP
Fund	NNP
,	,
requires	VBZ
payment	NN
to	TO
be	VB
received	VBN
for	IN
its	PRP$
exports	NNS
in	IN
its	PRP$
own	JJ
currency	NN
or	CC
in	IN
the	DT
currency	NN
of	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Monetary	NNP
Fund	NNP
will	MD
not	RB
thereby	RB
be	VB
deemed	VBN
to	TO
contravene	VB
Article	NNP
XI	NNP
or	CC
Article	NNP
XIII	NNP
.	.
Another	DT
example	NN
would	MD
be	VB
that	IN
of	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
which	WDT
specifies	VBZ
on	IN
an	DT
import	NN
licence	NN
the	DT
country	NN
from	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
goods	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
imported	VBN
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
not	RB
of	IN
introducing	VBG
any	DT
additional	JJ
element	NN
of	IN
discrimination	NN
in	IN
its	PRP$
import	NN
licensing	NN
system	NN
but	CC
of	IN
enforcing	VBG
permissible	JJ
exchange	NN
controls	NNS
.	.
The	DT
exemption	NN
of	IN
an	DT
exported	VBN
product	NN
from	IN
duties	NNS
or	CC
taxes	NNS
borne	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
like	JJ
product	NN
when	WRB
destined	VBN
for	IN
domestic	JJ
consumption	NN
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
remission	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
duties	NNS
or	CC
taxes	NNS
in	IN
amounts	NNS
not	RB
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
those	DT
which	WDT
have	VBP
accrued	VBN
,	,
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
deemed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
subsidy	NN
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
purposes	NNS
of	IN
Section	NN
B	NNP
,	,
a	DT
``	``
primary	JJ
product	NN
''	''
is	VBZ
understood	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
any	DT
product	NN
of	IN
farm	NN
,	,
forest	NN
or	CC
fishery	NN
,	,
or	CC
any	DT
mineral	NN
,	,
in	IN
its	PRP$
natural	JJ
form	NN
or	CC
which	WDT
has	VBZ
undergone	VBN
such	JJ
processing	NN
as	IN
is	VBZ
customarily	RB
required	VBN
to	TO
prepare	VB
it	PRP
for	IN
marketing	NN
in	IN
substantial	JJ
volume	NN
in	IN
international	JJ
trade	NN
.	.
The	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
exported	VBN
the	DT
product	NN
in	IN
question	NN
during	IN
the	DT
previous	JJ
representative	JJ
period	NN
would	MD
not	RB
in	IN
itself	PRP
preclude	VBP
that	IN
contracting	VBG
party	NN
from	IN
establishing	VBG
its	PRP$
right	NN
to	TO
obtain	VB
a	DT
share	NN
of	IN
the	DT
trade	NN
in	IN
the	DT
product	NN
concerned	VBN
.	.
Notwithstanding	IN
such	JJ
determination	NN
by	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
,	,
operations	NNS
under	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
system	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
3	CD
where	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
wholly	RB
or	CC
partly	RB
financed	VBN
out	IN
of	IN
government	NN
funds	NNS
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
funds	NNS
collected	VBN
from	IN
producers	NNS
in	IN
respect	NN
of	IN
the	DT
product	NN
concerned	VBN
.	.
The	DT
intention	NN
of	IN
paragraph	NN
4	CD
is	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
should	MD
seek	VB
before	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
1957	CD
to	TO
reach	VB
agreement	NN
to	TO
abolish	VB
all	DT
remaining	VBG
subsidies	NNS
as	IN
from	IN
l	NN
January	NNP
1958	CD
;	:
or	CC
,	,
failing	VBG
this	DT
,	,
to	TO
reach	VB
agreement	NN
to	TO
extend	VB
the	DT
application	NN
of	IN
the	DT
standstill	NN
until	IN
the	DT
earliest	JJS
date	NN
thereafter	RB
by	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
can	MD
expect	VB
to	TO
reach	VB
such	JJ
agreement	NN
.	.
The	DT
activities	NNS
of	IN
Marketing	NNP
Boards	NNP
which	WDT
are	VBP
established	VBN
by	IN
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
and	CC
which	WDT
do	VBP
not	RB
purchase	VB
or	CC
sell	VB
but	CC
lay	VB
down	RP
regulations	NNS
covering	VBG
private	JJ
trade	NN
are	VBP
governed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
relevant	JJ
Articles	NNPS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
.	.
The	DT
charging	VBG
by	IN
a	DT
state	NN
enterprise	NN
of	IN
different	JJ
prices	NNS
for	IN
its	PRP$
sales	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
product	NN
in	IN
different	JJ
markets	NNS
is	VBZ
not	RB
precluded	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
,	,
provided	VBD
that	IN
such	JJ
different	JJ
prices	NNS
are	VBP
charged	VBN
for	IN
commercial	JJ
reasons	NNS
,	,
to	TO
meet	VB
conditions	NNS
of	IN
supply	NN
and	CC
demand	NN
in	IN
export	NN
markets	NNS
.	.
Governmental	NNP
measures	VBZ
imposed	VBN
to	TO
ensure	VB
standards	NNS
of	IN
quality	NN
and	CC
efficiency	NN
in	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
external	JJ
trade	NN
,	,
or	CC
privileges	NNS
granted	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
exploitation	NN
of	IN
national	JJ
natural	JJ
resources	NNS
but	CC
which	WDT
do	VBP
not	RB
empower	VB
the	DT
government	NN
to	TO
exercise	VB
control	NN
over	IN
the	DT
trading	NN
activities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
enterprise	NN
in	IN
question	NN
,	,
do	VBP
not	RB
constitute	VB
``	``
exclusive	JJ
or	CC
special	JJ
privileges	NNS
''	''
.	.
The	DT
term	NN
``	``
import	NN
mark-up	NN
''	''
in	IN
this	DT
paragraph	NN
shall	MD
represent	VB
the	DT
margin	NN
by	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
price	NN
charged	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
import	NN
monopoly	NN
for	IN
the	DT
imported	VBN
product	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
exclusive	JJ
of	IN
internal	JJ
taxes	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
purview	NN
of	IN
Article	NNP
III	NNP
,	,
transportation	NN
,	,
distribution	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
expenses	NNS
incident	NN
to	TO
the	DT
purchase	NN
,	,
sale	NN
or	CC
further	JJ
processing	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
margin	NN
of	IN
profit	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
exceeds	VBZ
the	DT
landed	VBN
cost	NN
.	.
When	WRB
they	PRP
consider	VBP
whether	IN
the	DT
economy	NN
of	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
``	``
can	MD
only	RB
support	VB
low	JJ
standards	NNS
of	IN
living	VBG
''	''
,	,
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNPS
shall	MD
take	VB
into	IN
consideration	NN
the	DT
normal	JJ
position	NN
of	IN
that	DT
economy	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
not	RB
base	VB
their	PRP$
determination	NN
on	IN
exceptional	JJ
circumstances	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
those	DT
which	WDT
may	MD
result	VB
from	IN
the	DT
temporary	JJ
existence	NN
of	IN
exceptionally	RB
favourable	JJ
conditions	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
staple	NN
export	NN
product	NN
or	CC
products	NNS
of	IN
such	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
.	.
The	DT
phrase	NN
``	``
in	IN
the	DT
early	JJ
stages	NNS
of	IN
development	NN
''	''
is	VBZ
not	RB
meant	VBN
to	TO
apply	VB
only	RB
to	TO
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
which	WDT
have	VBP
just	RB
started	VBN
their	PRP$
economic	JJ
development	NN
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
to	TO
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
the	DT
economies	NNS
of	IN
which	WDT
are	VBP
undergoing	VBG
a	DT
process	NN
of	IN
industrialization	NN
to	TO
correct	VB
an	DT
excessive	JJ
dependence	NN
on	IN
primary	JJ
production	NN
.	.
The	DT
reference	NN
to	TO
the	DT
establishment	NN
of	IN
particular	JJ
industries	NNS
shall	MD
apply	VB
not	RB
only	RB
to	TO
the	DT
establishment	NN
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
industry	NN
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
to	TO
the	DT
establishment	NN
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
branch	NN
of	IN
production	NN
in	IN
an	DT
existing	VBG
industry	NN
and	CC
to	TO
the	DT
substantial	JJ
transformation	NN
of	IN
an	DT
existing	VBG
industry	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
the	DT
substantial	JJ
expansion	NN
of	IN
an	DT
existing	VBG
industry	NN
supplying	VBG
a	DT
relatively	RB
small	JJ
proportion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
domestic	JJ
demand	NN
.	.
It	PRP
shall	MD
also	RB
cover	VB
the	DT
reconstruction	NN
of	IN
an	DT
industry	NN
destroyed	VBD
or	CC
substantially	RB
damaged	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
hostilities	NNS
or	CC
natural	JJ
disasters	NNS
.	.
A	DT
modification	NN
or	CC
withdrawal	NN
,	,
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
paragraph	NN
7	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
by	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
,	,
other	JJ
than	IN
the	DT
applicant	NN
contracting	VBG
party	NN
,	,
referred	VBD
to	TO
in	IN
paragraph	NN
7	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
within	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
day	NN
on	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
action	NN
is	VBZ
taken	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
applicant	NN
contracting	VBG
party	NN
,	,
and	CC
shall	MD
become	VB
effective	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
thirtieth	JJ
day	NN
following	VBG
the	DT
day	NN
on	IN
which	WDT
such	JJ
modification	NN
or	CC
withdrawal	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
notified	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
.	.
The	DT
second	JJ
sentence	NN
in	IN
paragraph	NN
11	CD
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
interpreted	VBN
to	TO
mean	VB
that	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
relax	VB
or	CC
remove	VB
restrictions	NNS
if	IN
such	JJ
relaxation	NN
or	CC
removal	NN
would	MD
thereupon	RB
produce	VB
conditions	NNS
justifying	VBG
the	DT
intensification	NN
or	CC
institution	NN
,	,
respectively	RB
,	,
of	IN
restrictions	NNS
under	IN
paragraph	NN
9	CD
of	IN
Article	NNP
XVIII	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
understood	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNPS
shall	MD
invite	VB
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
proposing	VBG
to	TO
apply	VB
a	DT
measure	NN
under	IN
Section	NNP
C	NNP
to	TO
consult	VB
with	IN
them	PRP
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
paragraph	NN
16	CD
if	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
requested	VBN
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
by	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
the	DT
trade	NN
of	IN
which	WDT
would	MD
be	VB
appreciably	RB
affected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
measure	NN
in	IN
question	NN
.	.
The	DT
phrase	NN
``	``
that	IN
the	DT
interests	NNS
of	IN
other	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
are	VBP
adequately	RB
safeguarded	VBN
''	''
is	VBZ
meant	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
latitude	NN
sufficient	JJ
to	TO
permit	VB
consideration	NN
in	IN
each	DT
case	NN
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
appropriate	JJ
method	NN
of	IN
safeguarding	VBG
those	DT
interests	NNS
.	.
The	DT
appropriate	JJ
method	NN
may	MD
,	,
for	IN
instance	NN
,	,
take	VB
the	DT
form	NN
of	IN
an	DT
additional	JJ
concession	NN
to	TO
be	VB
applied	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
having	VBG
recourse	NN
to	TO
Section	NNP
C	NNP
or	CC
D	NNP
during	IN
such	JJ
time	NN
as	IN
the	DT
deviation	NN
from	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
Articles	NNPS
of	IN
the	DT
Agreement	NN
would	MD
remain	VB
in	IN
force	NN
or	CC
of	IN
the	DT
temporary	JJ
suspension	NN
by	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
referred	VBD
to	TO
in	IN
paragraph	NN
18	CD
of	IN
a	DT
concession	NN
substantially	RB
equivalent	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
impairment	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
introduction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
measure	NN
in	IN
question	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
would	MD
have	VB
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
safeguard	VB
its	PRP$
interests	NNS
through	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
temporary	JJ
suspension	NN
of	IN
a	DT
concession	NN
;	:
Provided	VBN
that	IN
this	DT
right	NN
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
exercised	VBN
when	WRB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
a	DT
measure	NN
imposed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
coming	VBG
within	IN
the	DT
scope	NN
of	IN
paragraph	NN
4	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
have	VBP
determined	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
extent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
compensatory	JJ
concession	NN
proposed	VBN
was	VBD
adequate	JJ
.	.
The	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
paragraph	NN
19	CD
are	VBP
intended	VBN
to	TO
cover	VB
the	DT
cases	NNS
where	WRB
an	DT
industry	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
in	IN
existence	NN
beyond	IN
the	DT
``	``
reasonable	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
''	''
referred	VBD
to	TO
in	IN
the	DT
note	NN
to	TO
paragraphs	NNS
13	CD
and	CC
14	CD
,	,
and	CC
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
so	RB
construed	VBN
as	IN
to	TO
deprive	VB
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
coming	VBG
within	IN
the	DT
scope	NN
of	IN
paragraph	NN
4	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
Article	NNP
XVIII	NNP
,	,
of	IN
its	PRP$
right	NN
to	TO
resort	VB
to	TO
the	DT
other	JJ
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Section	NN
C	NNP
,	,
including	VBG
paragraph	NN
17	CD
,	,
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
a	DT
newly	RB
established	VBN
industry	NN
even	RB
though	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
benefited	VBN
from	IN
incidental	JJ
protection	NN
afforded	VBN
by	IN
balance	NN
of	IN
payments	NNS
import	VBP
restrictions	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
understood	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
Article	NNP
I	PRP
would	MD
require	VB
that	IN
,	,
when	WRB
a	DT
product	NN
which	WDT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
imported	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
a	DT
customs	NNS
union	NN
or	CC
free-trade	JJ
area	NN
at	IN
a	DT
preferential	JJ
rate	NN
of	IN
duty	NN
is	VBZ
re-exported	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
territory	NN
of	IN
another	DT
member	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
union	NN
or	CC
area	NN
,	,
the	DT
latter	JJ
member	NN
should	MD
collect	VB
a	DT
duty	NN
equal	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
difference	NN
between	IN
the	DT
duty	NN
already	RB
paid	VBN
and	CC
any	DT
higher	JJR
duty	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
be	VB
payable	JJ
if	IN
the	DT
product	NN
were	VBD
being	VBG
imported	VBN
directly	RB
into	IN
its	PRP$
territory	NN
.	.
Measures	NNS
adopted	VBN
by	IN
India	NNP
and	CC
Pakistan	NNP
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
carry	VB
out	RP
definitive	JJ
trade	NN
arrangements	NNS
between	IN
them	PRP
,	,
once	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
agreed	VBN
upon	IN
,	,
might	MD
depart	VB
from	IN
particular	JJ
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
,	,
but	CC
these	DT
measures	NNS
would	MD
in	IN
general	JJ
be	VB
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
objectives	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Agreement	NN
.	.
The	DT
provision	NN
that	WDT
on	IN
1	CD
January	NNP
1958	CD
,	,
and	CC
on	IN
other	JJ
days	NNS
determined	VBD
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
paragraph	NN
1	CD
,	,
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
``	``
may	MD
...	:
modify	VB
or	CC
withdraw	VB
a	DT
concession	NN
''	''
means	VBZ
that	DT
on	IN
such	JJ
day	NN
,	,
and	CC
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
day	NN
after	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
each	DT
period	NN
,	,
the	DT
legal	JJ
obligation	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
under	IN
Article	NNP
II	NNP
is	VBZ
altered	VBN
;	:
it	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
mean	VB
that	IN
the	DT
changes	NNS
in	IN
its	PRP$
customs	NNS
tariff	NN
should	MD
necessarily	RB
be	VB
made	VBN
effective	JJ
on	IN
that	DT
day	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
tariff	NN
change	NN
resulting	VBG
from	IN
negotiations	NNS
undertaken	VBN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
this	DT
Article	NN
is	VBZ
delayed	VBN
,	,
the	DT
entry	NN
into	IN
force	NN
of	IN
any	DT
compensatory	JJ
concessions	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
similarly	RB
delayed	VBN
.	.
January	NNP
1958	CD
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
the	DT
termination	NN
date	NN
of	IN
any	DT
subsequent	JJ
period	NN
,	,
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
wishing	VBG
to	TO
modify	VB
or	CC
withdraw	VB
any	DT
concession	NN
embodied	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
Schedule	NNP
,	,
should	MD
notify	VB
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
to	TO
this	DT
effect	NN
.	.
The	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNPS
shall	MD
then	RB
determine	VB
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
or	CC
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
with	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
negotiations	NNS
or	CC
consultations	NNS
referred	VBD
to	TO
in	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
shall	MD
take	VB
place	NN
.	.
Any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
so	IN
determined	JJ
shall	MD
participate	VB
in	IN
such	JJ
negotiations	NNS
or	CC
consultations	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
applicant	NN
contracting	VBG
party	NN
with	IN
the	DT
aim	NN
of	IN
reaching	VBG
agreement	NN
before	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
period	NN
.	.
Any	DT
extension	NN
of	IN
the	DT
assured	VBN
life	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Schedules	NNS
shall	MD
relate	VB
to	TO
the	DT
Schedules	NNPS
as	IN
modified	VBN
after	IN
such	JJ
negotiations	NNS
,	,
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
paragraphs	NNS
1	CD
,	,
2	CD
and	CC
3	CD
of	IN
Article	NNP
XXVIII	NNP
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
are	VBP
arranging	VBG
for	IN
multilateral	JJ
tariff	NN
negotiations	NNS
to	TO
take	VB
place	NN
within	IN
the	DT
period	NN
of	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
before	IN
1	CD
January	NNP
1958	CD
,	,
or	CC
before	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
day	NN
determined	VBD
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
paragraph	NN
1	CD
,	,
they	PRP
shall	MD
include	VB
in	IN
the	DT
arrangements	NNS
for	IN
such	JJ
negotiations	NNS
suitable	JJ
procedures	NNS
for	IN
carrying	VBG
out	RP
the	DT
negotiations	NNS
referred	VBD
to	TO
in	IN
this	DT
paragraph	NN
.	.
The	DT
object	NN
of	IN
providing	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
participation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
negotiations	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
with	IN
a	DT
principal	JJ
supplying	VBG
interest	NN
,	,
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
with	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
concession	NN
was	VBD
initially	RB
negotiated	VBN
,	,
is	VBZ
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
with	IN
a	DT
larger	JJR
share	NN
in	IN
the	DT
trade	NN
affected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
concession	NN
than	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
with	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
concession	NN
was	VBD
initially	RB
negotiated	VBN
shall	MD
have	VB
an	DT
effective	JJ
opportunity	NN
to	TO
protect	VB
the	DT
contractual	JJ
right	NN
which	WDT
it	PRP
enjoys	VBZ
under	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
.	.
On	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
hand	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
intended	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
scope	NN
of	IN
the	DT
negotiations	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
such	JJ
as	IN
to	TO
make	VB
negotiations	NNS
and	CC
agreement	NN
under	IN
Article	NNP
XXVIII	NNP
unduly	RB
difficult	JJ
nor	CC
to	TO
create	VB
complications	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
application	NN
of	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
to	TO
concessions	NNS
which	WDT
result	VBP
from	IN
negotiations	NNS
thereunder	RB
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
should	MD
only	RB
determine	VB
that	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
principal	JJ
supplying	VBG
interest	NN
if	IN
that	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
has	VBZ
had	VBN
,	,
over	IN
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
negotiations	NNS
,	,
a	DT
larger	JJR
share	NN
in	IN
the	DT
market	NN
of	IN
the	DT
applicant	NN
contracting	VBG
party	NN
than	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
with	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
concession	NN
was	VBD
initially	RB
negotiated	VBN
or	CC
would	MD
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
judgment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
,	,
have	VBP
had	VBN
such	JJ
a	DT
share	NN
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
discriminatory	JJ
quantitative	JJ
restrictions	NNS
maintained	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
applicant	NN
contracting	VBG
party	NN
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
therefore	RB
not	RB
be	VB
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
to	TO
determine	VB
that	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
contracting	VBG
party	NN
,	,
or	CC
in	IN
those	DT
exceptional	JJ
cases	NNS
where	WRB
there	EX
is	VBZ
near	IN
equality	NN
more	RBR
than	IN
two	CD
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
,	,
had	VBD
a	DT
principal	JJ
supplying	VBG
interest	NN
.	.
Notwithstanding	IN
the	DT
definition	NN
of	IN
a	DT
principal	JJ
supplying	VBG
interest	NN
in	IN
note	NN
4	CD
to	TO
paragraph	NN
1	CD
,	,
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
may	MD
exceptionally	RB
determine	VB
that	IN
a	DT
Contracting	VBG
party	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
principal	JJ
supplying	VBG
interest	NN
if	IN
the	DT
concession	NN
in	IN
question	NN
affects	VBZ
trade	NN
which	WDT
constitutes	VBZ
a	DT
major	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
total	JJ
exports	NNS
of	IN
such	JJ
contracting	VBG
party	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
intended	VBN
that	IN
provision	NN
for	IN
participation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
negotiations	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
with	IN
a	DT
principal	JJ
supplying	VBG
interest	NN
,	,
and	CC
for	IN
consultation	NN
with	IN
any	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
having	VBG
a	DT
substantial	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
concession	NN
which	WDT
the	DT
applicant	NN
contracting	VBG
party	NN
is	VBZ
seeking	VBG
to	TO
modify	VB
or	CC
withdraw	VB
,	,
should	MD
have	VB
the	DT
effect	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
should	MD
have	VB
to	TO
pay	VB
compensation	NN
or	CC
suffer	VBP
retaliation	NN
greater	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
withdrawal	NN
or	CC
modification	NN
sought	VBD
,	,
judged	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
light	NN
of	IN
the	DT
conditions	NNS
of	IN
trade	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
withdrawal	NN
or	CC
modification	NN
,	,
making	VBG
allowance	NN
for	IN
any	DT
discriminatory	JJ
quantitative	JJ
restrictions	NNS
maintained	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
applicant	NN
contracting	VBG
party	NN
.	.
PARTIES	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
,	,
however	RB
,	,
intended	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
construed	VBN
to	TO
cover	VB
only	RB
those	DT
contracting	VBG
parties	NNS
which	WDT
have	VBP
,	,
or	CC
in	IN
the	DT
absence	NN
of	IN
discriminatory	JJ
quantitative	JJ
restrictions	NNS
affecting	VBG
their	PRP$
exports	NNS
could	MD
reasonably	RB
be	VB
expected	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
,	,
a	DT
significant	JJ
share	NN
in	IN
the	DT
market	NN
of	IN
the	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
seeking	VBG
to	TO
modify	VB
or	CC
withdraw	VB
the	DT
concession	NN
.	.
Any	DT
request	NN
for	IN
authorization	NN
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
negotiations	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
accompanied	VBN
by	IN
all	DT
relevant	JJ
statistical	JJ
and	CC
other	JJ
data	NNS
.	.
A	DT
decision	NN
on	IN
such	JJ
request	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
within	IN
thirty	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
its	PRP$
submission	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
recognized	VBN
that	IN
to	TO
permit	VB
certain	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
,	,
depending	VBG
in	IN
large	JJ
measure	NN
on	IN
a	DT
relatively	RB
small	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
primary	JJ
commodities	NNS
and	CC
relying	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
tariff	NN
as	IN
an	DT
important	JJ
aid	NN
for	IN
furthering	VBG
diversification	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
economies	NNS
or	CC
as	IN
an	DT
important	JJ
source	NN
of	IN
revenue	NN
,	,
normally	RB
to	TO
negotiate	VB
for	IN
the	DT
modification	NN
or	CC
withdrawal	NN
of	IN
concessions	NNS
only	RB
under	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
of	IN
Article	NNP
XXVIII	NNP
,	,
might	MD
cause	VB
them	PRP
at	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
time	NN
to	TO
make	VB
modifications	NNS
or	CC
withdrawals	NNS
which	WDT
in	IN
the	DT
long	JJ
run	NN
would	MD
prove	VB
unnecessary	JJ
.	.
To	TO
avoid	VB
such	PDT
a	DT
situation	NN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNPS
shall	MD
authorize	VB
any	DT
such	JJ
contracting	NN
party	NN
,	,
under	IN
paragraph	NN
4	CD
,	,
to	TO
enter	VB
into	IN
negotiations	NNS
unless	IN
they	PRP
consider	VBP
this	DT
would	MD
result	VB
in	IN
,	,
or	CC
contribute	VBP
substantially	RB
towards	IN
,	,
such	PDT
an	DT
increase	NN
in	IN
tariff	NN
levels	NNS
as	IN
to	TO
threaten	VB
the	DT
stability	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Schedules	NNS
to	TO
this	DT
Agreement	NN
or	CC
lead	NN
to	TO
undue	JJ
disturbance	NN
of	IN
international	JJ
trade	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
expected	VBN
that	IN
negotiations	NNS
authorized	VBN
under	IN
paragraph	NN
4	CD
for	IN
modification	NN
or	CC
withdrawal	NN
of	IN
a	DT
single	JJ
item	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
very	RB
small	JJ
group	NN
of	IN
items	NNS
,	,
could	MD
normally	RB
be	VB
brought	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
conclusion	NN
in	IN
sixty	CD
days	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
recognized	VBN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
that	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
period	NN
will	MD
be	VB
inadequate	JJ
for	IN
cases	NNS
involving	VBG
negotiations	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
modification	NN
or	CC
withdrawal	NN
of	IN
a	DT
larger	JJR
number	NN
of	IN
items	NNS
and	CC
in	IN
such	JJ
cases	NNS
,	,
therefore	RB
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
to	TO
prescribe	VB
a	DT
longer	JJR
period	NN
.	.
In	IN
determining	VBG
under	IN
paragraph	NN
4	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
whether	IN
an	DT
applicant	NN
contracting	VBG
party	NN
has	VBZ
unreasonably	RB
failed	VBN
to	TO
offer	VB
adequate	JJ
compensation	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
understood	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
CONTRACTING	NNP
PARTIES	NNS
will	MD
take	VB
due	JJ
account	NN
of	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
position	NN
of	IN
a	DT
contracting	VBG
party	NN
which	WDT
has	VBZ
bound	VBN
a	DT
high	JJ
proportion	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
tariffs	NNS
at	IN
very	RB
low	JJ
rates	NNS
of	IN
duty	NN
and	CC
to	TO
this	DT
extent	NN
has	VBZ
less	JJR
scope	NN
than	IN
other	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
compensatory	JJ
adjustment	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
understood	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
reference	NN
to	TO
fiscal	JJ
needs	NNS
would	MD
include	VB
the	DT
revenus	NN
aspect	NN
of	IN
duties	NNS
and	CC
particularly	RB
duties	NNS
imposed	VBN
primarily	RB
for	IN
revenue	NN
purpose	NN
,	,
or	CC
duties	NNS
imposed	VBN
on	IN
products	NNS
which	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
substituted	VBN
for	IN
products	NNS
subject	JJ
to	TO
revenue	NN
duties	NNS
to	TO
prevent	VB
the	DT
avoidance	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
duties	NNS
.	.
The	DT
words	NNS
``	``
developed	VBD
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
''	''
and	CC
the	DT
words	NNS
``	``
less-developed	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
''	''
as	IN
used	VBN
in	IN
Part	NNP
IV	NNP
are	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
understood	VBN
to	TO
refer	VB
to	TO
developed	VBN
and	CC
less-developed	JJ
countries	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
parties	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
General	NNP
Agreement	NNP
on	IN
Tariffs	NNPS
and	CC
Trade	NNP
.	.
A	DT
diversification	NN
program	NN
would	MD
generally	RB
include	VB
the	DT
intensification	NN
of	IN
activities	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
processing	NN
of	IN
primary	JJ
products	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
manufacturing	NN
industries	NNS
,	,
taking	VBG
into	IN
account	NN
the	DT
situation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
particular	JJ
contracting	NN
party	NN
and	CC
the	DT
world	NN
outlook	NN
for	IN
production	NN
and	CC
consumption	NN
of	IN
different	JJ
commodities	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
understood	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
phrase	NN
``	``
do	VBP
not	RB
expect	VB
reciprocity	NN
''	''
means	VBZ
,	,
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
objectives	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
less-developed	JJ
contracting	NN
parties	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
expected	VBN
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
trade	NN
negotiations	NNS
,	,
to	TO
make	VB
contributions	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
inconsistent	JJ
with	IN
their	PRP$
individual	JJ
development	NN
,	,
financial	JJ
and	CC
trade	NN
needs	NNS
,	,
taking	VBG
into	IN
consideration	NN
past	IN
trade	NN
developments	NNS
.	.
The	DT
other	JJ
measures	NNS
referred	VBD
to	TO
in	IN
this	DT
paragraph	NN
might	MD
include	VB
steps	NNS
to	TO
promote	VB
domestic	JJ
structural	JJ
changes	NNS
,	,
to	TO
encourage	VB
the	DT
consumption	NN
of	IN
particular	JJ
products	NNS
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
introduce	VB
measures	NNS
of	IN
trade	NN
promotion	NN
.	.
This	DT
Protocol	NNP
shall	MD
remain	VB
open	JJ
for	IN
signature	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Headquarters	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
Nations	NNPS
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
until	IN
15	CD
November	NNP
1947	CD
,	,
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
any	DT
government	NN
named	VBN
in	IN
paragraph	NN
1	CD
of	IN
this	DT
Protocol	NNP
which	WDT
has	VBZ
not	RB
signed	VBN
it	PRP
on	IN
this	DT
day	NN
,	,
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
until	IN
30	CD
June	NNP
1948	CD
,	,
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
Government	NN
signatory	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Final	NNP
Act	NNP
adopted	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
conclusion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Second	JJ
Session	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Preparatory	NNP
Committee	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
Nations	NNPS
Conference	NNP
on	IN
Trade	NNP
and	CC
Employment	NNP
which	WDT
has	VBZ
not	RB
signed	VBN
it	PRP
on	IN
this	DT
day	NN
.	.
Any	DT
government	NN
applying	VBG
this	DT
Protocol	NNP
shall	MD
be	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
withdraw	VB
such	JJ
application	NN
,	,
and	CC
such	JJ
withdrawal	NN
shall	MD
take	VB
effect	NN
upon	IN
the	DT
expiration	NN
of	IN
sixty	CD
days	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
day	NN
on	IN
which	WDT
written	VBN
notice	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
withdrawal	NN
is	VBZ
received	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Secretary-General	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
Nations	NNPS
.	.
A	DT
C	NNP
program	NN
that	WDT
converts	VBZ
the	DT
phrase	NN
list	NN
files	NNS
and	CC
tagged-format	NN
source	NN
files	VBZ
into	IN
a	DT
database	NN
file	NN
and	CC
an	DT
index	NN
file	NN
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
also	RB
marks	VBZ
up	RP
the	DT
textual	JJ
sources	NNS
to	TO
hypertext	NN
,	,
scanning	VBG
the	DT
information	NN
for	IN
words	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
defined	VBN
elsewhere	RB
in	IN
the	DT
dictionary	NN
.	.
A	DT
search	NN
is	VBZ
performed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
contents	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
dictionary	JJ
index	NN
,	,
not	RB
on	IN
the	DT
contents	NNS
of	IN
dictionary	JJ
entries	NNS
.	.
A	DT
search	NN
returns	VBZ
all	DT
matches	NNS
,	,
ranked	VBD
by	IN
a	DT
matching	JJ
score	NN
.	.
A	DT
match	NN
is	VBZ
achieved	VBN
when	WRB
the	DT
search	NN
string	NN
is	VBZ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
indexed	VBN
name	NN
.	.
No	DT
warranties	NNS
,	,
express	VB
or	CC
implied	VBN
,	,
are	VBP
given	VBN
as	IN
to	TO
the	DT
accuracy	NN
or	CC
reliability	NN
of	IN
the	DT
data	NNS
,	,
nor	CC
are	VBP
any	DT
warranties	NNS
given	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
retrieval	NN
procedures	NNS
satisfy	VBP
any	DT
standard	NN
of	IN
merchantibility	NN
.	.
Neither	CC
the	DT
author	NN
nor	CC
his	PRP$
employer	NN
are	VBP
liable	JJ
for	IN
damage	NN
,	,
direct	JJ
or	CC
consequential	JJ
,	,
resulting	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
this	DT
dataset	NN
.	.
This	DT
server	NN
could	MD
not	RB
verify	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
authorized	VBN
to	TO
access	VB
the	DT
document	NN
requested	VBD
.	.
Either	CC
you	PRP
supplied	VBD
the	DT
wrong	JJ
credentials	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
bad	JJ
password	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
or	CC
your	PRP$
browser	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
understand	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
supply	VB
the	DT
credentials	NNS
required	VBN
.	.
This	DT
data	NNS
collection	NN
contains	VBZ
economic	JJ
and	CC
social	JJ
indicators	NNS
for	IN
189	CD
countries	NNS
.	.
Included	VBN
are	VBP
economic	JJ
variables	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
gross	JJ
national	JJ
product	NN
,	,
gross	JJ
domestic	JJ
product	NN
,	,
value	NN
added	VBN
in	IN
agriculture	NN
,	,
industry	NN
,	,
manufacturing	NN
,	,
and	CC
services	NNS
,	,
value	NN
of	IN
imports	NNS
and	CC
exports	NNS
,	,
private	JJ
consumption	NN
,	,
government	NN
consumption	NN
,	,
gross	JJ
national	JJ
savings	NNS
,	,
gross	JJ
domestic	JJ
savings	NNS
,	,
government	NN
deficit	NN
or	CC
surplus	NN
,	,
net	JJ
direct	JJ
foreign	JJ
investment	NN
,	,
repayments	NNS
of	IN
long-term	JJ
loans	NNS
,	,
public	JJ
long-term	JJ
debt	NN
,	,
international	JJ
reserves	NNS
excluding	VBG
gold	NN
,	,
and	CC
gold	NN
holdings	NNS
at	IN
London	NNP
market	NN
price	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
variables	NNS
are	VBP
expressed	VBN
both	DT
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
current	JJ
prices	NNS
and	CC
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
constant	JJ
1980	CD
prices	NNS
.	.
Demographic	JJ
and	CC
social	JJ
variables	NNS
include	VBP
population	NN
,	,
total	JJ
fertility	NN
rate	NN
,	,
crude	JJ
birth	NN
rate	NN
,	,
life	NN
expectancy	NN
at	IN
birth	NN
,	,
food	NN
production	NN
per	IN
capita	NN
,	,
percent	NN
of	IN
labor	NN
force	NN
in	IN
agriculture	NN
,	,
percent	NN
of	IN
labor	NN
force	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
female	JJ
,	,
and	CC
primary	JJ
and	CC
secondary	JJ
school	NN
enrollment	NN
rates	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
're	VBP
sorry	JJ
,	,
but	CC
access	NN
to	TO
this	DT
section	NN
of	IN
the	DT
PACIFIC	NNP
web	NN
server	NN
requires	VBZ
authorization	NN
.	.
Parts	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
server	NN
are	VBP
accessible	JJ
only	RB
to	TO
UBC	NNP
faculty	NN
and	CC
students	NNS
,	,
affiliated	VBN
universities	NNS
,	,
or	CC
by	IN
subscription	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
granted	VBN
access	NN
to	TO
a	DT
particular	JJ
service	NN
by	IN
PACIFIC	NNP
but	CC
are	VBP
unable	JJ
to	TO
access	NN
these	DT
pages	NNS
,	,
perhaps	RB
we	PRP
have	VBP
n't	RB
correctly	RB
identified	VBN
your	PRP$
hostname	NN
or	CC
network	NN
domain	NN
in	IN
our	PRP$
access	NN
configuration	NN
file	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
international	JJ
business	NN
problems	NNS
involve	VBP
issues	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
technology	NN
.	.
This	DT
course	NN
will	MD
be	VB
concerned	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
management	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
in	IN
international	JJ
settings	NNS
and	CC
its	PRP$
implications	NNS
for	IN
firms	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
domestic	JJ
economy	NN
.	.
Possible	JJ
topics	NNS
discussed	VBN
include	VBP
industry	NN
standard	JJ
settings	NNS
,	,
ptotection	NN
of	IN
intellectual	JJ
property	NN
rights	NNS
and	CC
diffusion	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
,	,
management	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
transfer	NN
in	IN
foreign	JJ
direct	JJ
investment	NN
and	CC
the	DT
impact	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
outflow	NN
on	IN
the	DT
domestic	JJ
firms	NNS
and	CC
economy	NN
.	.
The	DT
course	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
lectures	VBZ
and	CC
student	NN
presentations	NNS
.	.
Class	NN
discussions	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
based	VBN
on	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
readings	NNS
listed	VBN
below	RB
.	.
Spiders	NNS
on	IN
Drugs	NNS
And	CC
Other	JJ
Miscellanous	NNP
Cool	NNP
Stuff	NNP
...	:
First	NNP
and	CC
foremost	JJ
,	,
kill	VB
spam	NN
with	IN
spamarrest	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
93	CD
%	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
incoming	JJ
e-mail	NN
is	VBZ
dreaded	VBN
spam	NN
,	,
spamarrest	NN
makes	VBZ
sure	JJ
we	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
see	VB
a	DT
drop	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
How	WRB
about	IN
being	VBG
able	JJ
to	TO
watch	VB
TV	NN
on	IN
your	PRP$
PC	NN
,	,
or	CC
sending	VBG
and	CC
receiving	VBG
faxes	NNS
via	IN
the	DT
Web	NNP
and	CC
E-mail	NN
,	,
or	CC
using	VBG
the	DT
Internet	NNP
to	TO
make	VB
phone	NN
calls	NNS
,	,
or	CC
getting	VBG
the	DT
coolest	JJS
ringtones	NNS
for	IN
your	PRP$
phone	NN
,	,
or	CC
downloading	VBG
music	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Web	NNP
,	,
or	CC
getting	VBG
a	DT
degree	NN
online	NN
,	,
or	CC
getting	VBG
satellite	JJ
TV	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
crib	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
DirecTV	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
or	CC
filing	VBG
your	PRP$
taxes	NNS
online	VBP
,	,
or	CC
losing	VBG
weight	NN
,	,
or	CC
entering	VBG
a	DT
poetry	NN
contest	NN
,	,
or	CC
watching	VBG
spiders	NNS
on	IN
drugs	NNS
?	.
There	EX
are	VBP
a	DT
million	CD
cool	JJ
and	CC
hilarious	JJ
videos	NNS
available	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
Web	NNP
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
penetration	NN
of	IN
broadband	NN
throughout	IN
the	DT
world	NN
,	,
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
video	NN
will	MD
only	RB
increase	VB
.	.
Sometimes	RB
we	PRP
find	VBP
stuff	NN
that	IN
splits	VBZ
our	PRP$
gut	NN
;	:
Spider	NNP
on	IN
Drugs	NNPS
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
them	PRP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
've	VBP
seen	VBN
something	NN
especially	RB
great	JJ
recently	RB
,	,
please	VB
let	VB
us	PRP
know	VB
about	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
we	PRP
'll	MD
post	VB
a	DT
link	NN
on	IN
our	PRP$
Cool	NNP
Videos	NNP
page	NN
.	.
Thanks	NNS
.	.
Why	WRB
this	DT
blog	NN
?	.
Because	IN
there	EX
's	VBZ
so	RB
much	RB
more	JJR
to	TO
picking	VBG
cool	JJ
sites	NNS
than	IN
simply	RB
putting	VBG
up	RP
a	DT
link	NN
and	CC
asking	VBG
you	PRP
to	TO
rate	VB
the	DT
featured	JJ
`	``
Cool	NNP
Site	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Day	NNP
'	POS
.	.
Here	RB
's	VBZ
a	DT
place	NN
where	WRB
we	PRP
can	MD
discuss	VB
some	DT
of	IN
our	PRP$
favorite	JJ
picks	NNS
...	:
and	CC
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
turn	VB
us	PRP
on	IN
to	TO
cool	VB
sites	NNS
you	PRP
stumbled	VBD
upon	IN
.	.
Also	RB
featured	VBN
on	IN
Cool	NNP
Site	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Day	NNP
are	VBP
lots	NNS
of	IN
great	JJ
deals	NNS
,	,
plus	CC
contests	NNS
,	,
free	JJ
stuff	NN
and	CC
more	JJR
just	RB
to	TO
show	VB
how	WRB
much	JJ
we	PRP
appreciate	VBP
your	PRP$
patronage	NN
.	.
The	DT
bottom	JJ
line	NN
?	.
Cool	NNP
Site	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Day	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
valuable	JJ
resource	NN
site	NN
where	WRB
people	NNS
come	VBP
to	TO
start	VB
their	PRP$
surfing	NN
day	NN
.	.
C	NNP
Notes	NNP
Interactive	NNP
,	,
Inc.	NNP
has	VBZ
created	VBN
this	DT
privacy	NN
statement	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
demonstrate	VB
our	PRP$
firm	NN
commitment	NN
to	TO
privacy	NN
.	.
The	DT
following	VBG
discloses	VBZ
our	PRP$
information	NN
gathering	NN
and	CC
dissemination	NN
practices	NNS
for	IN
Cool	NNP
Site	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Day	NNP
.	.
Certain	JJ
forms	NNS
or	CC
polls	NNS
used	VBN
on	IN
Cool	NNP
Site	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Day	NNP
may	MD
from	IN
time	NN
to	TO
time	NN
require	VB
users	NNS
to	TO
give	VB
us	PRP
contact	VB
information	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
their	PRP$
name	NN
and	CC
email	NN
address	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
demographic	JJ
information	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
their	PRP$
zip	NN
code	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
or	CC
income	NN
level	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
We	PRP
use	VBP
customer	NN
contact	NN
information	NN
from	IN
these	DT
forms	NNS
to	TO
send	VB
the	DT
user	NN
information	NN
about	IN
our	PRP$
company	NN
and	CC
promotional	JJ
material	NN
from	IN
some	DT
of	IN
our	PRP$
partners	NNS
.	.
The	DT
customer	NN
's	POS
contact	NN
information	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
used	VBN
to	TO
contact	VB
the	DT
visitor	NN
when	WRB
necessary	JJ
.	.
Users	NNS
may	MD
opt-out	VB
of	IN
receiving	VBG
future	JJ
mailings	NNS
;	:
see	VB
the	DT
choice\/opt-out	JJ
section	NN
below	IN
.	.
Our	PRP$
site	NN
uses	VBZ
a	DT
secure	JJ
merchant	NN
account	NN
order	NN
form	NN
for	IN
visitors	NNS
to	TO
submit	VB
their	PRP$
sites	NNS
to	TO
Cool	NNP
Site	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Day	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
collect	VBP
visitor	NN
's	POS
contact	NN
information	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
their	PRP$
email	NN
address	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
financial	JJ
information	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
their	PRP$
account	NN
or	CC
credit	NN
card	NN
numbers	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Contact	NN
information	NN
from	IN
the	DT
order	NN
form	NN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
to	TO
send	VB
visitors	NNS
information	NN
about	IN
our	PRP$
company	NN
,	,
and	CC
promotional	JJ
material	NN
from	IN
some	DT
of	IN
our	PRP$
partners	NNS
to	TO
our	PRP$
customers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
customer	NN
's	POS
contact	NN
information	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
used	VBN
to	TO
get	VB
in	IN
touch	NN
with	IN
the	DT
visitor	NN
when	WRB
necessary	JJ
.	.
Users	NNS
may	MD
opt-out	VB
of	IN
receiving	VBG
future	JJ
mailings	NNS
;	:
see	VB
the	DT
choice\/opt-out	JJ
section	NN
below	IN
.	.
Financial	NNP
information	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
collected	VBN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
to	TO
bill	VB
the	DT
user	NN
for	IN
services	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
review	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
submissions	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
online	JJ
surveys	NNS
may	MD
from	IN
time	NN
to	TO
time	NN
ask	VB
visitors	NNS
for	IN
demographic	JJ
information	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
their	PRP$
zip	NN
code	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
or	CC
income	NN
level	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Demographic	JJ
and	CC
profile	JJ
data	NNS
is	VBZ
also	RB
collected	VBN
at	IN
our	PRP$
site	NN
.	.
We	PRP
use	VBP
this	DT
data	NN
to	TO
tailor	VB
our	PRP$
visitor	NN
's	POS
experience	NN
at	IN
our	PRP$
site	NN
,	,
and	CC
improve	VB
on	IN
the	DT
information	NN
that	IN
we	PRP
include	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
our	PRP$
visitors	NNS
responses	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
run	VBP
contests	NNS
on	IN
our	PRP$
site	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
we	PRP
ask	VBP
visitors	NNS
for	IN
contact	NN
information	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
their	PRP$
email	NN
address	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
demographic	JJ
information	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
like	IN
their	PRP$
zip	NN
code	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
or	CC
income	NN
level	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
We	PRP
use	VBP
contact	NN
data	NNS
from	IN
our	PRP$
contests	NNS
to	TO
send	VB
users	NNS
information	NN
about	IN
our	PRP$
company	NN
and	CC
promotional	JJ
material	NN
from	IN
some	DT
of	IN
our	PRP$
partners	NNS
.	.
The	DT
customer	NN
's	POS
contact	NN
information	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
used	VBN
to	TO
contact	VB
the	DT
visitor	NN
when	WRB
necessary	JJ
and	CC
shared	VBN
with	IN
other	JJ
companies	NNS
who	WP
may	MD
want	VB
to	TO
contact	VB
our	PRP$
visitors	NNS
.	.
Users	NNS
may	MD
opt-out	VB
of	IN
receiving	VBG
future	JJ
mailings	NNS
;	:
see	VB
the	DT
choice\/opt-out	JJ
section	NN
below	IN
.	.
This	DT
site	NN
makes	VBZ
chat	VB
rooms	NNS
,	,
forums	NNS
,	,
message	NN
boards	NNS
,	,
and\/or	CC
news	NN
groups	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
its	PRP$
users	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
remember	VB
that	IN
any	DT
information	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
disclosed	VBN
in	IN
these	DT
areas	NNS
becomes	VBZ
public	JJ
information	NN
and	CC
you	PRP
should	MD
exercise	VB
caution	NN
when	WRB
deciding	VBG
to	TO
disclose	VB
your	PRP$
personal	JJ
information	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
site	NN
provides	VBZ
users	NNS
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
opt-out	NN
of	IN
receiving	VBG
communications	NNS
from	IN
us	PRP
and	CC
our	PRP$
partners	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
point	NN
where	WRB
we	PRP
request	VBP
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
visitor	NN
.	.
This	DT
site	NN
gives	VBZ
users	NNS
the	DT
following	JJ
options	NNS
for	IN
removing	VBG
their	PRP$
information	NN
from	IN
our	PRP$
database	NN
to	TO
not	RB
receive	VB
future	JJ
communications	NNS
or	CC
to	TO
no	DT
longer	RBR
receive	VB
our	PRP$
newsletter	NN
.	.
If	IN
we	PRP
should	MD
ever	RB
give	VB
information	NN
to	TO
prospective	JJ
advertisers	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
form	NN
of	IN
grouped	VBN
statistics	NNS
compiled	VBN
through	IN
all	DT
our	PRP$
participating	VBG
members	NNS
'	POS
answers	NNS
to	TO
survey	VB
questions	NNS
.	.
Your	PRP$
personal	JJ
info	NN
is	VBZ
NOT	RB
included	VBN
.	.
Webposition	NNP
GoldWhat	NNP
Web	NNP
marketing	NN
tool	NN
do	VBP
we	PRP
whole-heartedly	RB
recommend	VBP
to	TO
our	PRP$
readers	NNS
?	.
There	EX
's	VBZ
no	DT
question	NN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
WebPosition	NNP
Gold	NNP
.	.
Unlike	IN
other	JJ
products	NNS
out	IN
there	RB
,	,
this	DT
amazing	JJ
tool	NN
really	RB
does	VBZ
help	VB
you	PRP
achieve	VB
top	JJ
rankings	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
search	NN
engines	NNS
.	.
If	IN
your	PRP$
business	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
Web	NNP
site	NN
,	,
be	VB
sure	JJ
to	TO
check	VB
them	PRP
out	RP
.	.
Website	NNP
Marketing	NNP
SecretsProven	NNP
methods	NNS
for	IN
getting	VBG
rich	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
web	NN
!	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
ANY	NNP
web	NN
site	NN
can	MD
get	VB
to	TO
#	#
1	CD
position	NN
in	IN
the	DT
search	NN
engines	NNS
for	IN
ANY	NNP
keyword	NN
.	.
The	DT
web	NN
site	NN
promotion	NN
secret	NN
that	WDT
brings	VBZ
in	IN
10	CD
times	NNS
more	RBR
traffic	NN
than	IN
any	DT
search	NN
engine	NN
and	CC
more	JJR
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
few	JJ
years	NNS
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
talking	VBG
up	RP
Ken	NNP
Evoy	NNP
's	POS
Site	NN
Build	VB
It	PRP
!	.
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
not	RB
familiar	JJ
with	IN
SBI	NNP
!	.
it	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
software	NN
program	NN
that	WDT
combines	VBZ
site	NN
building\/hosting\/traffic	JJ
building	NN
into	IN
one	CD
incredible	JJ
package	NN
that	WDT
makes	VBZ
it	PRP
easy	JJ
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
build	VB
a	DT
professional	JJ
,	,
popular	JJ
,	,
and	CC
profitable	JJ
business	NN
.	.
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
grown	VBN
to	TO
love	VB
SBI	NNP
more	RBR
and	CC
more	RBR
each	DT
year	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
struggling	VBG
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
successful	JJ
,	,
tightly	RB
focused	VBN
,	,
themed	VBN
web	NN
site	NN
featuring	VBG
a	DT
topic	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
product	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
PASSIONATE	NNP
about	IN
,	,
SBI	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
must	MD
have	VB
.	.
To	TO
prove	VB
how	WRB
much	JJ
I	PRP
believe	VBP
in	IN
this	DT
package	NN
,	,
I	PRP
am	VBP
willing	JJ
to	TO
spend	VB
a	DT
half-hour	NN
on	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
with	IN
you	PRP
,	,
one-on-one	JJ
,	,
to	TO
introduce	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
SBI	NNP
's	POS
wonderful	JJ
tools	NNS
.	.
So	RB
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
'd	MD
like	VB
to	TO
schedule	VB
a	DT
short	JJ
brainstorming	VBG
session	NN
,	,
send	VB
me	PRP
an	DT
e-mail	NN
and	CC
let	VB
me	PRP
know	VB
what	WP
kind	NN
of	IN
site	NN
you	PRP
're	VBP
either	DT
working	VBG
on	IN
or	CC
planning	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
just	RB
jump	VB
right	RB
in	IN
,	,
then	RB
you	PRP
can	MD
try	VB
SBI	NNP
risk-free	JJ
;	:
you	PRP
truly	RB
owe	VBP
it	PRP
to	TO
yourself	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
SBI	NNP
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
web	NN
existence	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
`	``
keyword	NN
brainstorming	VBG
'	''
tool	NN
is	VBZ
enough	RB
to	TO
make	VB
you	PRP
a	DT
believer	NN
!	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Click	VB
here	RB
.	.
Please	VB
note	NN
that	IN
no	DT
adult	NN
ads	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
accepted	VBN
.	.
All	DT
ads	NNS
are	VBP
subject	JJ
to	TO
our	PRP$
approval	NN
.	.
If	IN
your	PRP$
ad	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
run	VB
,	,
your	PRP$
payment	NN
will	MD
be	VB
refunded	VBN
in	IN
full	JJ
.	.
Fill	VB
out	RP
the	DT
form	NN
below	IN
only	RB
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
paying	VBG
using	VBG
a	DT
credit	NN
card	NN
.	.
PayPal	JJ
users	NNS
click	VBP
here	RB
.	.
War	NNP
and	CC
tragedy	NN
are	VBP
all	DT
around	IN
us	PRP
,	,
but	CC
rather	RB
than	IN
feel	VB
helpless	JJ
about	IN
the	DT
things	NNS
we	PRP
see	VBP
throughout	IN
the	DT
world	NN
,	,
we	PRP
are	VBP
doing	VBG
what	WP
we	PRP
can	MD
to	TO
support	VB
non-profit	JJ
organizations	NNS
that	IN
we	PRP
think	VBP
will	MD
have	VB
a	DT
positive	JJ
impact	NN
on	IN
our	PRP$
future	NN
,	,
but	CC
we	PRP
need	VBP
your	PRP$
help	NN
.	.
Cool	NNP
Site	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Day	NNP
donates	VBZ
$	$
5	CD
to	TO
the	DT
non-profit	JJ
organizations	NNS
below	IN
for	IN
every	DT
person	NN
who	WP
submits	VBZ
and	CC
is	VBZ
approved	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
FREE	NNP
American	NNP
Express	NNP
Blue	NNP
Card	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
0	CD
%	NN
Introductory	JJ
APR	NNP
,	,
NO	UH
annual	JJ
fee	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Safer	NNP
World	NNP
Safer	NNP
World	NNP
is	VBZ
working	VBG
to	TO
keep	VB
nuclear	JJ
,	,
biological	JJ
and	CC
chemical	JJ
weapons	NNS
and	CC
materials	NNS
out	IN
of	IN
terrorist	JJ
hands	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
need	VBP
your	PRP$
help	NN
to	TO
make	VB
locking	VBG
down	RB
and	CC
destroying	VBG
these	DT
weapons	NNS
and	CC
materials	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
source	NN
-	:
before	IN
terrorists	NNS
can	MD
get	VB
them	PRP
-	:
a	DT
top	JJ
priority	NN
.	.
Applying	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
card	NN
is	VBZ
free	JJ
and	CC
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
annual	JJ
fee	NN
.	.
Even	RB
though	IN
it	PRP
will	MD
never	RB
cost	VB
you	PRP
a	DT
penny	NN
,	,
for	IN
every	DT
approved	VBN
application	NN
we	PRP
will	MD
make	VB
a	DT
sizeable	JJ
donation	NN
to	TO
a	DT
very	RB
deserving	JJ
organization	NN
simply	RB
because	IN
you	PRP
APPLIED	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
card	NN
.	.
This	DT
effort	NN
will	MD
only	RB
be	VB
successful	JJ
if	IN
you	PRP
pass	VBP
this	DT
message	NN
along	IN
to	TO
as	RB
many	JJ
people	NNS
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
Please	VB
forward	RB
this	DT
URL	NNP
your	PRP$
friends	NNS
and	CC
family	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
business	NN
associates	NNS
and	CC
anyone	NN
else	RB
you	PRP
can	MD
think	VB
of	IN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
run	VBP
a	DT
web	NN
site	NN
or	CC
send	VB
out	RP
a	DT
newsletter	NN
,	,
please	VB
share	NN
this	DT
opportunity	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
visitors	NNS
and	CC
readers	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
P.S.	NNP
Not	RB
sure	JJ
if	IN
you	PRP
need	VBP
the	DT
American	NNP
Express	NNP
card	NN
?	.
Maybe	RB
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
,	,
but	CC
that	DT
's	VBZ
not	RB
what	WP
's	VBZ
important	JJ
.	.
What	WP
's	VBZ
important	JJ
is	VBZ
that	IN
in	IN
5	CD
minutes	NNS
you	PRP
will	MD
generate	VB
funds	NNS
for	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
whose	WP$
work	NN
is	VBZ
so	RB
desperately	RB
needed	VBN
in	IN
our	PRP$
society	NN
and	CC
the	DT
world	NN
.	.
All	DT
I	PRP
'm	VBP
asking	VBG
for	IN
is	VBZ
5	CD
minutes	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
time	NN
.	.
Let	VB
's	POS
make	VB
something	NN
great	JJ
happen	VB
.	.
Complete	JJ
the	DT
short	JJ
application	NN
now	RB
.	.
SIGACT	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
international	JJ
organization	NN
that	WDT
fosters	VBZ
and	CC
promotes	VBZ
the	DT
discovery	NN
and	CC
dissemination	NN
of	IN
high	JJ
quality	NN
research	NN
in	IN
theoretical	JJ
computer	NN
science	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
TCS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
the	DT
formal	JJ
analysis	NN
of	IN
efficient	JJ
computation	NN
and	CC
computational	JJ
processes	NNS
.	.
SIGACT	NNP
,	,
through	IN
its	PRP$
awards	NNS
program	NN
,	,
recognizes	VBZ
individuals	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
made	VBN
significant	JJ
contributions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
field	NN
in	IN
research	NN
and	CC
service	NN
.	.
TCS	NNP
covers	VBZ
a	DT
wide	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
topics	NNS
including	VBG
algorithms	NNS
,	,
data	NNS
structures	NNS
,	,
computational	JJ
complexity	NN
,	,
parallel	NN
and	CC
distributed	VBN
computation	NN
,	,
probabilistic	JJ
computation	NN
,	,
quantum	NN
computation	NN
,	,
automata	NN
theory	NN
,	,
information	NN
theory	NN
,	,
cryptography	NN
,	,
program	NN
semantics	NNS
and	CC
verification	NN
,	,
machine	NN
learning	NN
,	,
computational	JJ
biology	NN
,	,
computational	JJ
economics	NNS
,	,
computational	JJ
geometry	NN
,	,
and	CC
computational	JJ
number	NN
theory	NN
and	CC
algebra	NN
.	.
Work	NN
in	IN
this	DT
field	NN
is	VBZ
often	RB
distinguished	VBN
by	IN
its	PRP$
emphasis	NN
on	IN
mathematical	JJ
technique	NN
and	CC
rigor	NN
.	.
Nominations	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
scientific	JJ
community	NN
.	.
A	DT
nomination	NN
should	MD
contain	VB
a	DT
brief	JJ
summary	NN
of	IN
the	DT
technical	JJ
content	NN
of	IN
each	DT
nominated	VBN
paper	NN
and	CC
a	DT
brief	JJ
explanation	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
significance	NN
.	.
A	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
research	NN
paper	NN
or	CC
papers	NNS
should	MD
accompany	VB
the	DT
nomination	NN
.	.
The	DT
nomination	NN
must	MD
state	VB
the	DT
bibliographic	JJ
data	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
preliminary	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
conference	NN
publication	NN
of	IN
the	DT
main	JJ
results	NNS
or	CC
state	NN
that	IN
no	DT
conference	NN
publication	NN
has	VBZ
occurred	VBN
.	.
Any	DT
research	NN
paper	NN
or	CC
series	NN
of	IN
research	NN
papers	NNS
by	IN
a	DT
single	JJ
author	NN
or	CC
by	IN
a	DT
team	NN
of	IN
authors	NNS
is	VBZ
deemed	VBN
eligible	JJ
if	IN
the	DT
paper	NN
was	VBD
published	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
recognized	VBN
refereed	VBN
journal	NN
before	IN
nomination	NN
but	CC
the	DT
main	JJ
results	NNS
were	VBD
not	RB
published	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
either	DT
preliminary	JJ
or	CC
final	JJ
form	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
a	DT
journal	NN
or	CC
conference	NN
proceedings	NNS
14	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
years	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
year	NN
of	IN
the	DT
award	NN
.	.
This	DT
extended	JJ
period	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
recognition	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
the	DT
value	NN
of	IN
fundamental	JJ
work	NN
can	MD
not	RB
always	RB
be	VB
immediately	RB
assessed	VBN
.	.
A	DT
conference	NN
publication	NN
starts	VBZ
the	DT
clock	NN
because	IN
it	PRP
often	RB
is	VBZ
the	DT
most	RBS
effective	JJ
means	NNS
of	IN
bringing	VBG
the	DT
results	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
attention	NN
of	IN
the	DT
community	NN
.	.
The	DT
research	NN
work	NN
nominated	VBD
for	IN
the	DT
award	NN
should	MD
be	VB
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
theoretical	JJ
computer	NN
science	NN
.	.
The	DT
term	NN
``	``
theoretical	JJ
computer	NN
science	NN
''	''
is	VBZ
meant	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
broad	JJ
sense	NN
,	,
and	CC
encompasses	VBZ
,	,
but	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
restricted	VBN
to	TO
,	,
those	DT
areas	NNS
covered	VBN
by	IN
ICALP	NNP
and	CC
STOC	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Award	NNP
Committee	NNP
shall	MD
have	VB
the	DT
ultimate	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
decide	VB
whether	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
paper	NN
is	VBZ
eligible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
Prize	NNP
.	.
Although	IN
the	DT
Award	NNP
Committee	NNP
is	VBZ
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
consult	VB
with	IN
the	DT
theoretical	JJ
computer	NN
science	NN
community	NN
at	IN
large	JJ
,	,
the	DT
Award	NNP
Committee	NNP
is	VBZ
solely	RB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
selection	NN
of	IN
the	DT
winner	NN
of	IN
the	DT
award	NN
.	.
The	DT
prize	NN
may	MD
be	VB
shared	VBN
by	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
paper	NN
or	CC
series	NN
of	IN
papers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Award	NNP
Committee	NNP
reserves	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
declare	VB
no	DT
winner	NN
at	IN
all	DT
.	.
All	DT
matters	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
selection	NN
process	NN
that	WDT
are	VBP
not	RB
specified	VBN
here	RB
are	VBP
left	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
discretion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Award	NNP
Committee	NNP
.	.
Frank	NNP
had	VBD
a	DT
beautiful	JJ
spirit	NN
!	.
He	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
great	JJ
j'	JJ
oie	NN
de	IN
vivre	NN
which	WDT
overflowed	VBD
naturally	RB
and	CC
spontaneously	RB
.	.
He	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
sweet	JJ
heart	NN
and	CC
gentle	JJ
disposition	NN
.	.
He	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
deep	JJ
and	CC
abiding	JJ
love	NN
for	IN
his	PRP$
mathematics	NN
.	.
An	DT
author	NN
of	IN
numerous	JJ
books	NNS
and	CC
articles	NNS
,	,
his	PRP$
book	NN
``	``
Graph	NNP
Theory	NNP
''	''
,	,
published	VBN
in	IN
1969	CD
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
modern	JJ
classic	NN
that	WDT
helped	VBD
define	VB
,	,
develop	VB
,	,
direct	JJ
and	CC
shape	VB
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
modern	JJ
graph	NN
theory	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
cited	VBN
and	CC
influential	JJ
scholarly	JJ
works	NNS
in	IN
modern	JJ
scientific	JJ
literature	NN
.	.
Dr.	NNP
Harary	NNP
taught	VBD
what	WP
were	VBD
the	DT
first	JJ
graph	NN
theory	NN
and	CC
combinatorial	JJ
theory	NN
courses	NNS
ever	RB
in	IN
1955	CD
at	IN
University	NNP
of	IN
Michigan	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
was	VBD
also	RB
the	DT
founder	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Journals	NNPS
of	IN
Combinatorial	NNP
Theory	NNP
and	CC
of	IN
Graph	NNP
Theory	NNP
and	CC
served	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
editorial	NN
boards	NNS
of	IN
many	JJ
more	JJR
.	.
During	IN
his	PRP$
long	JJ
and	CC
productive	JJ
career	NN
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Harary	NNP
authored\/coauthored	VBD
more	JJR
than	IN
700	CD
scholarly	JJ
papers	NNS
in	IN
areas	NNS
as	IN
diverse	JJ
as	IN
Anthropology	NNP
,	,
Biology	NNP
,	,
Chemistry	NNP
,	,
Computer	NNP
Science	NNP
,	,
Geography	NNP
,	,
Linguistics	NNP
,	,
Music	NNP
,	,
Physics	NNP
,	,
Political	NNP
Science	NNP
,	,
Psychology	NNP
,	,
Social	NNP
Science	NNP
and	CC
of	IN
course	NN
Mathematics	NNS
which	WDT
brought	VBD
forth	RB
the	DT
usefulness	NN
of	IN
Graph	NNP
Theory	NNP
in	IN
scientific	JJ
thought	NN
.	.
SIGACT	NNP
has	VBZ
written	VBN
some	DT
software	NN
for	IN
handling	VBG
electronic	JJ
conference	NN
submissions	NNS
and	CC
provides	VBZ
the	DT
software	NN
and	CC
a	DT
centralized	JJ
server	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
sigact.acm.org	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
has	VBZ
a	DT
well-tested	JJ
installation	NN
of	IN
this	DT
software	NN
.	.
The	DT
server	NN
and	CC
software	NN
are	VBP
both	DT
available	JJ
to	TO
any	DT
conference	NN
with	IN
significant	JJ
participation	NN
by	IN
the	DT
SIGACT	NNP
community	NN
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
get	VB
your	PRP$
account\/password	NN
,	,
log	VB
in	IN
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
and	CC
change	VB
your	PRP$
password	NN
to	TO
something	NN
more	RBR
secure	JJ
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
know	VBP
how	WRB
to	TO
use	VB
it	PRP
,	,
we	PRP
recommend	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
use	VBP
``	``
ssh	NN
''	''
for	IN
logging	VBG
into	IN
the	DT
sigact	NN
machine	NN
,	,
since	IN
it	PRP
encrypts	VBZ
all	DT
sensitive	JJ
data	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
passwords	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
even	RB
set	VB
it	PRP
up	RP
so	RB
that	IN
sigact	NN
does	VBZ
a	DT
cryptographic	JJ
authentication	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
identity	NN
before	IN
allowing	VBG
you	PRP
to	TO
log	VB
in	IN
.	.
When	WRB
logged	VBN
in	IN
to	TO
your	PRP$
conference	NN
account	NN
,	,
type	NN
esubsetup	NN
at	IN
the	DT
shell	NN
prompt	JJ
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
prompt	VB
you	PRP
for	IN
all	DT
sorts	NNS
of	IN
information	NN
regarding	VBG
your	PRP$
conference	NN
,	,
including	VBG
submission	NN
deadlines	NNS
and	CC
contact	NN
names	NNS
and	CC
e-mail	NN
addresses	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
see	VB
a	DT
sample	NN
setup	NN
run	VBP
to	TO
see	VB
what	WP
sorts	NNS
of	IN
things	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
asked	VBN
.	.
After	IN
successfully	RB
completing	VBG
esubsetup	NN
,	,
the	DT
software	NN
and	CC
submission	NN
instruction	NN
web	NN
page	NN
should	MD
be	VB
all	DT
set	VBN
up	RP
automatically	RB
.	.
Make	VB
a	DT
note	NN
of	IN
the	DT
URL	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
submission	NN
instructions	NNS
so	IN
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
include	VB
it	PRP
in	IN
your	PRP$
call	NN
for	IN
papers	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
publicity	NN
.	.
Carefully	RB
read	VBN
through	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
submission	NN
instructions	NNS
yourself	PRP
,	,
and	CC
try	VB
out	RP
each	DT
command	NN
.	.
This	DT
serves	VBZ
two	CD
purposes	NNS
:	:
first	RB
,	,
it	PRP
makes	VBZ
sure	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
software	NN
is	VBZ
installed	VBN
and	CC
working	VBG
correctly	RB
.	.
Second	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
makes	VBZ
you	PRP
familiar	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
process	NN
so	IN
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
people	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
submitting	VBG
to	TO
your	PRP$
conference	NN
.	.
The	DT
point	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
that	IN
each	DT
of	IN
is	VBZ
incapable	JJ
of	IN
making	VBG
up	RP
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
answer	NN
,	,
but	CC
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
for	IN
us	PRP
all	DT
to	TO
give	VB
pretty	RB
much	RB
the	DT
same	JJ
answer	NN
.	.
The	DT
more	JJR
we	PRP
appear	VBP
to	TO
speak	VB
with	IN
one	CD
voice	NN
,	,
the	DT
more	RBR
credible	JJ
our	PRP$
comments	NNS
will	MD
appear	VB
to	TO
people	NNS
outside	IN
of	IN
theory	NN
.	.
This	DT
extended	JJ
period	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
recognition	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
the	DT
value	NN
of	IN
fundamental	JJ
work	NN
can	MD
not	RB
always	RB
be	VB
immediately	RB
assessed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
research	NN
work	NN
nominated	VBD
for	IN
the	DT
award	NN
should	MD
be	VB
in	IN
the	DT
area	NN
of	IN
theoretical	JJ
computer	NN
science	NN
.	.
The	DT
term	NN
``	``
theoretical	JJ
computer	NN
science	NN
''	''
is	VBZ
meant	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
broad	JJ
sense	NN
,	,
and	CC
encompasses	VBZ
,	,
but	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
restricted	VBN
to	TO
,	,
those	DT
areas	NNS
covered	VBN
by	IN
ICALP	NNP
and	CC
STOC	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Award	NNP
Committee	NNP
shall	MD
have	VB
the	DT
ultimate	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
decide	VB
whether	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
paper	NN
is	VBZ
eligible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
Prize	NNP
.	.
In	IN
August	NNP
2002	CD
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
ancient	JJ
computational	JJ
problems	NNS
was	VBD
finally	RB
solved	VBN
.	.
Agrawal	NNP
,	,
Kayal	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Saxena	NNP
presented	VBD
an	DT
unconditional	JJ
deterministic	JJ
polynomial	NN
time	NN
algorithm	NN
that	WDT
determines	VBZ
whether	IN
an	DT
input	NN
number	NN
is	VBZ
prime	JJ
or	CC
composite	JJ
.	.
Due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Internet	NNP
,	,
the	DT
preprint	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
paper	NN
circulated	VBN
within	IN
hours	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
scientific	JJ
community	NN
and	CC
found	VBD
an	DT
immediate	JJ
enthusiastic	JJ
response	NN
.	.
All	DT
previously	RB
known	VBN
polynomial	NN
time	NN
primality	JJ
tests	NNS
were	VBD
based	VBN
on	IN
probabilistic	JJ
methods	NNS
or	CC
they	PRP
relied	VBP
on	IN
an	DT
unproven	JJ
assumption	NN
,	,
known	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
generalized	VBN
Riemann	NNP
Hypothesis	NNP
.	.
A	DT
remarkable	JJ
aspect	NN
of	IN
the	DT
article	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
final	JJ
exposition	NN
itself	PRP
turns	VBZ
out	RP
to	TO
be	VB
rather	RB
simple	JJ
.	.
The	DT
text	NN
as	IN
published	VBN
in	IN
Annals	NNP
of	IN
Mathematics	NNPS
is	VBZ
a	DT
masterpiece	NN
in	IN
mathematical	JJ
reasoning	NN
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
high	JJ
density	NN
of	IN
tricks	NNS
and	CC
techniques	NNS
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
arguments	NNS
come	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
brilliantly	RB
simple	JJ
manner	NN
;	:
they	PRP
remain	VBP
completely	RB
elementary	JJ
.	.
The	DT
contents	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
paper	NN
are	VBP
therefore	RB
accessible	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
broad	JJ
audience	NN
.	.
The	DT
performance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
algorithm	NN
depends	VBZ
on	IN
some	DT
number-theoretic	JJ
assumptions	NNS
,	,
but	CC
an	DT
exact	JJ
unconditional	JJ
polynomial	NN
bound	VBN
is	VBZ
given	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
paper	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
number-theoretic	JJ
assumptions	NNS
hold	VBP
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
algorithm	NN
runs	VBZ
in	IN
nearly	RB
cubic	JJ
time	NN
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
amazing	JJ
.	.
The	DT
award-winning	JJ
paper	NN
makes	VBZ
use	NN
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
probabilistic	JJ
algorithm	NN
by	IN
Agrawal	NNP
and	CC
Somenath	NNP
Biswas	NNP
,	,
presented	VBN
at	IN
FOCS	NNP
1999	CD
,	,
which	WDT
Agrawal	NNP
,	,
Kayal	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Saxena	NNP
were	VBD
able	JJ
to	TO
derandomize	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
``	``
PRIMES	NNP
is	VBZ
in	IN
P	NNP
''	''
is	VBZ
a	DT
perfect	JJ
example	NN
for	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
trend	NN
in	IN
derandomization	NN
.	.
We	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
yet	RB
foresee	VB
the	DT
full	JJ
impact	NN
of	IN
the	DT
paper	NN
,	,
but	CC
since	IN
its	PRP$
appearance	NN
many	JJ
researchers	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
inspired	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
algebraic	JJ
techniques	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
paper	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
continued	VBN
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
them	PRP
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
follow-up	JJ
papers	NNS
have	VBP
established	VBN
new	JJ
connections	NNS
between	IN
graph-isomorphism	NN
,	,
integer-factorization	NN
,	,
and	CC
ring-isomorphism	NN
.	.
Primality	NN
testing	NN
and	CC
integer-factorization	NN
remain	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
focus	NN
of	IN
current	JJ
research	NN
:	:
The	DT
intractability	NN
of	IN
finding	VBG
the	DT
prime	JJ
factors	NNS
of	IN
very	RB
large	JJ
numbers	NNS
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
cornerstone	NN
of	IN
cryptography	NN
and	CC
data	NNS
security	NN
.	.
This	DT
concise	JJ
work	NN
laid	VBD
the	DT
foundations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
analysis	NN
of	IN
data	NNS
streams	NNS
using	VBG
limited	JJ
memory	NN
.	.
It	PRP
demonstrated	VBD
the	DT
design	NN
of	IN
small	JJ
randomized	VBN
linear	JJ
projections	NNS
,	,
subsequently	RB
referred	VBD
to	TO
as	IN
``	``
sketches	NNS
,	,
''	''
that	IN
summarize	VB
large	JJ
amounts	NNS
of	IN
data	NNS
and	CC
allow	VB
quantities	NNS
of	IN
interest	NN
to	TO
be	VB
approximated	VBN
to	TO
user-specified	JJ
precision	NN
.	.
Due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
simplicity	NN
,	,
elegance	NN
,	,
and	CC
wide	JJ
applicability	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
techniques	NNS
,	,
the	DT
paper	NN
set	VBD
the	DT
pattern	NN
for	IN
a	DT
rapidly	RB
growing	VBG
body	NN
of	IN
work	NN
,	,
both	DT
theoretical	JJ
and	CC
applied	VBD
,	,
and	CC
created	VBD
the	DT
now	RB
burgeoning	VBG
fields	NNS
of	IN
streaming	VBG
and	CC
sketching	VBG
algorithms	NNS
.	.
The	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
practical	JJ
application	NN
include	VBP
query	NN
planning	NN
and	CC
processing	NN
in	IN
databases	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
design	NN
of	IN
small	JJ
synopses	NNS
to	TO
monitor	VB
vast	JJ
quantities	NNS
of	IN
data	NNS
generated	VBD
in	IN
networks	NNS
.	.
The	DT
ideas	NNS
have	VBP
since	IN
enabled	VBN
effective	JJ
,	,
one-pass	JJ
algorithms	NNS
for	IN
numerous	JJ
data-streaming	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
relational	JJ
join	VB
queries	NNS
,	,
top-k	JJ
frequency	NN
estimation	NN
,	,
histogram	NN
and	CC
wavelet	NN
construction	NN
,	,
and	CC
correlating	VBG
XML	NNP
data	NNS
streams	NNS
.	.
The	DT
paper	NN
demonstrates	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
theory	NN
of	IN
computing	NN
continues	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
powerful	JJ
source	NN
of	IN
mathematical	JJ
ideas	NNS
with	IN
immediate	JJ
and	CC
profound	JJ
impact	NN
on	IN
the	DT
practice	NN
in	IN
other	JJ
communities	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
databases	NNS
and	CC
networking	NN
.	.
These	DT
papers	NNS
demonstrate	VBP
that	IN
one	CD
can	MD
avoid	VB
the	DT
inherent	JJ
difficulty	NN
of	IN
analyzing	VBG
a	DT
dynamic	JJ
model	NN
,	,
transforming	VBG
it	PRP
into	IN
a	DT
static	JJ
one	CD
by	IN
associating	VBG
computational	JJ
tasks	NNS
with	IN
simplicial	JJ
complexes	NNS
and	CC
translating	VBG
the	DT
question	NN
of	IN
existence	NN
of	IN
a	DT
wait-free	JJ
protocol	NN
into	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
distinct	JJ
but	CC
related	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
topological	JJ
questions	NNS
about	IN
the	DT
complexes	NNS
.	.
The	DT
discovery	NN
of	IN
the	DT
topological	JJ
nature	NN
of	IN
distributed	VBN
computing	NN
provides	VBZ
a	DT
new	JJ
perspective	NN
on	IN
the	DT
area	NN
and	CC
represents	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
striking	JJ
examples	NNS
,	,
possibly	RB
in	IN
all	DT
of	IN
applied	VBN
mathematics	NNS
,	,
of	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
topological	JJ
structures	NNS
to	TO
quantify	VB
natural	JJ
computational	JJ
phenomena	NNS
.	.
This	DT
paper	NN
introduced	VBN
AdaBoost	NNP
,	,
an	DT
adaptive	JJ
algorithm	NN
to	TO
improve	VB
the	DT
accuracy	NN
of	IN
hypotheses	NNS
in	IN
machine	NN
learning	NN
.	.
The	DT
algorithm	NN
demonstrated	VBD
novel	JJ
possibilities	NNS
in	IN
analyzing	VBG
data	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
a	DT
permanent	JJ
contribution	NN
to	TO
science	NN
even	RB
beyond	IN
computer	NN
science	NN
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
a	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
features	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
its	PRP$
elegance	NN
,	,
the	DT
simplicity	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
implementation	NN
,	,
its	PRP$
wide	JJ
applicability	NN
,	,
and	CC
its	PRP$
striking	JJ
success	NN
in	IN
reducing	VBG
errors	NNS
in	IN
benchmark	JJ
applications	NNS
even	RB
while	IN
its	PRP$
theoretical	JJ
assumptions	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
known	VBN
to	TO
hold	VB
,	,
the	DT
algorithm	NN
set	VBN
off	RP
an	DT
explosion	NN
of	IN
research	NN
in	IN
the	DT
fields	NNS
of	IN
statistics	NNS
,	,
artificial	JJ
intelligence	NN
,	,
experimental	JJ
machine	NN
learning	NN
,	,
and	CC
data	NNS
mining	NN
.	.
The	DT
algorithm	NN
is	VBZ
now	RB
widely	RB
used	VBN
in	IN
practice	NN
.	.
The	DT
paper	NN
highlights	VBZ
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
theoretical	JJ
computer	NN
science	NN
continues	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
fount	NN
of	IN
powerful	JJ
and	CC
entirely	RB
novel	JJ
ideas	NNS
with	IN
significant	JJ
and	CC
direct	JJ
impact	NN
even	RB
in	IN
areas	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
data	NNS
analysis	NN
,	,
that	WDT
have	VBP
been	VBN
studied	VBN
extensively	RB
by	IN
other	JJ
communities	NNS
.	.
Science	NNP
251	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
2001	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
pp.1-166	JJ
.	.
The	DT
author	NN
gives	VBZ
a	DT
complete	JJ
solution	NN
to	TO
the	DT
decidability	NN
of	IN
the	DT
equivalence	NN
problem	NN
for	IN
deterministic	JJ
pushdown	JJ
automata	NN
:	:
Given	VBN
two	CD
languages	NNS
L1	CD
and	CC
L2	CD
accepted	VBN
by	IN
deterministic	JJ
pushdown	JJ
automata	NN
decide	VBP
whether	IN
L1	NN
=	SYM
L2	FW
.	.
The	DT
problem	NN
was	VBD
posed	VBN
by	IN
S.	NNP
Ginsburg	NNP
and	CC
S.	NNP
Greibach	NNP
in	IN
1966	CD
and	CC
various	JJ
subcases	NNS
were	VBD
shown	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
decidable	JJ
over	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
full	JJ
question	NN
remained	VBD
elusive	JJ
until	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
finally	RB
settled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
awardee	NN
.	.
He	PRP
showed	VBD
the	DT
problem	NN
to	TO
be	VB
decidable	JJ
.	.
The	DT
paper	NN
not	RB
only	RB
settles	VBZ
the	DT
equivalence	NN
problem	NN
for	IN
deterministic	JJ
context-free	JJ
languages	NNS
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
develops	VBZ
an	DT
entire	JJ
machinery	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
techniques	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
likely	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
useful	JJ
in	IN
other	JJ
contexts	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
have	VBP
already	RB
found	VBN
useful	JJ
in	IN
semantics	NNS
of	IN
programming	NN
languages	NNS
.	.
The	DT
prize	NN
winners	NNS
established	VBD
the	DT
surprising	JJ
fact	NN
that	IN
certain	JJ
problems	NNS
in	IN
NP	NNP
remain	VBP
hard	JJ
even	RB
when	WRB
only	RB
an	DT
approximative	JJ
solution	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
.	.
With	IN
their	PRP$
deep	JJ
insights	NNS
and	CC
powerful	JJ
results	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
have	VBP
opened	VBN
new	JJ
perspectives	NNS
for	IN
many	JJ
problems	NNS
in	IN
computer	NN
science	NN
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
in	IN
optimization	NN
and	CC
cryptography	NN
.	.
The	DT
implication	NN
for	IN
quantum	NN
computers	NNS
,	,
hypothetical	JJ
devices	NNS
first	RB
studied	VBN
by	IN
Benioff	NNP
and	CC
Feynmann	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
that	IN
,	,
if	IN
they	PRP
could	MD
really	RB
be	VB
built	VBN
and	CC
used	VBN
,	,
their	PRP$
impact	NN
on	IN
real-world	JJ
computation	NN
would	MD
be	VB
revolutionary	JJ
.	.
The	DT
assumption	NN
that	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
no	DT
polynomial-time	NN
factoring	NN
or	CC
discrete-log	JJ
algorithms	NNS
for	IN
classical	JJ
computers	NNS
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
to	TO
prove	VB
the	DT
security	NN
of	IN
all	DT
of	IN
today	NN
's	POS
widely	RB
deployed	VBN
public-key	JJ
cryptosystems	NNS
.	.
These	DT
two	CD
problems	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
extensively	RB
studied	VBN
,	,
and	CC
indeed	RB
the	DT
fastest	JJS
known	VBN
algorithms	NNS
that	WDT
solve	VBP
them	PRP
on	IN
classical	JJ
computers	NNS
require	VBP
much	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
polynomial	JJ
time	NN
.	.
If	IN
quantum	JJ
computers	NNS
could	MD
be	VB
built	VBN
and	CC
used	VBN
,	,
cryptanalysts	NNS
could	MD
use	VB
Shor	NNP
's	POS
algorithms	NNS
to	TO
break	VB
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
public-key	JJ
cryptosystems	NNS
in	IN
wide	JJ
use	NN
today	NN
and	CC
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
electronic-commerce	JJ
applications	NNS
that	WDT
depend	VBP
on	IN
them	PRP
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
remarkable	JJ
paper	NN
``	``
PP	NNP
is	VBZ
as	RB
hard	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
polynomial	NN
-	:
time	NN
hierarchy	NN
''	''
Seinosuke	NNP
Toda	NNP
showed	VBD
that	IN
two	CD
fundamental	JJ
and	CC
much	JJ
studied	VBN
computational	JJ
concepts	NNS
had	VBD
a	DT
deep	JJ
and	CC
unexpected	JJ
relationship	NN
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
is	VBZ
that	IN
of	IN
alternation	NN
of	IN
quantifiers	NNS
-	:
if	IN
one	CD
alternates	VBZ
existential	JJ
and	CC
universal	JJ
quantifiers	NNS
for	IN
polynomial	NN
time	NN
recognizable	JJ
functions	NNS
one	CD
obtains	VBZ
the	DT
polynomial	NN
time	NN
hierarchy	NN
.	.
The	DT
second	JJ
concept	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
of	IN
counting	VBG
the	DT
exact	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
solutions	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
problem	NN
where	WRB
a	DT
candidate	NN
solution	NN
is	VBZ
polynomial	JJ
time	NN
recognizable	JJ
.	.
Toda	NNP
's	POS
astonishing	JJ
result	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
latter	JJ
notion	NN
subsumes	VBZ
the	DT
former	JJ
-	:
for	IN
any	DT
problem	NN
in	IN
the	DT
polynomial	NN
hierarchy	NN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
deterministic	JJ
polynomial	NN
time	NN
reduction	NN
to	TO
counting	VBG
.	.
This	DT
discovery	NN
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
striking	JJ
and	CC
tantalizing	JJ
results	NNS
in	IN
complexity	NN
theory	NN
.	.
It	PRP
continues	VBZ
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
an	DT
inspiration	NN
to	TO
those	DT
seeking	VBG
to	TO
understand	VB
more	JJR
fully	RB
the	DT
relationships	NNS
among	IN
the	DT
fundamental	JJ
concepts	NNS
in	IN
computer	NN
science	NN
.	.
The	DT
Halpern-Moses	NNP
paper	NN
provided	VBD
a	DT
new	JJ
and	CC
effective	JJ
way	NN
of	IN
reasoning	NN
about	IN
distributed	VBN
systems	NNS
,	,
providing	VBG
rigorous	JJ
and	CC
powerful	JJ
new	JJ
techniques	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
epistemic	JJ
logic	NN
.	.
When	WRB
reasoning	NN
informally	RB
about	IN
distributed	VBN
protocols	NNS
,	,
researchers	NNS
naturally	RB
think	VBP
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
speak	VBP
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
agents	NNS
``	``
knowing	VBG
''	''
certain	JJ
facts	NNS
about	IN
the	DT
global	JJ
system	NN
state	NN
.	.
The	DT
key	JJ
insight	NN
of	IN
Halpern	NNP
and	CC
Moses	NNP
was	VBD
that	IN
this	DT
informal	JJ
notion	NN
of	IN
knowledge	NN
could	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
a	DT
rigorous	JJ
mathematical	JJ
formulation	NN
.	.
Using	VBG
this	DT
,	,
they	PRP
delineated	VBD
various	JJ
forms	NNS
of	IN
group	NN
knowledge	NN
,	,
including	VBG
common	JJ
knowledge	NN
,	,
which	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
viewed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
limiting	VBG
form	NN
of	IN
group	NN
knowledge	NN
.	.
They	PRP
illustrated	VBD
these	DT
using	VBG
clever	JJ
examples	NNS
,	,
and	CC
showed	VBD
for	IN
instance	NN
that	IN
the	DT
distributed	VBN
task	NN
of	IN
coordinated	VBN
attack	NN
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
performed	VBN
without	IN
common	JJ
knowledge	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
common	JJ
knowledge	NN
is	VBZ
impossible	JJ
when	WRB
communication	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
guaranteed	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
not	RB
only	RB
has	VBZ
had	VBN
a	DT
profound	JJ
impact	NN
on	IN
the	DT
study	NN
of	IN
distributed	VBN
computing	NN
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
on	IN
areas	NNS
as	IN
diverse	JJ
as	IN
security	NN
,	,
where	WRB
knowledge	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
key	JJ
concern	NN
of	IN
cryptographic	JJ
protocols	NNS
,	,
and	CC
artificial	JJ
intelligence	NN
,	,
where	WRB
the	DT
paper	NN
's	POS
concrete	JJ
computational	JJ
interpretation	NN
of	IN
knowledge	NN
has	VBZ
reinvigorated	VBN
whole	JJ
lines	NNS
of	IN
research	NN
into	IN
knowledge	NN
and	CC
goals	NNS
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
paper	NN
demonstrates	VBZ
a	DT
two-way	JJ
connection	NN
between	IN
the	DT
mixing	VBG
rate	NN
of	IN
a	DT
Markov	NNP
chain	NN
and	CC
a	DT
graph-theoretic	JJ
quantity	NN
called	VBN
conductance	NN
,	,
and	CC
provided	VBD
the	DT
canonical	JJ
paths	NNS
tool	NN
for	IN
establishing	VBG
high	JJ
conductance	NN
.	.
The	DT
second	JJ
paper	NN
then	RB
brilliantly	RB
applies	VBZ
this	DT
method	NN
to	TO
prove	VB
the	DT
rapidly	RB
mixing	VBG
property	NN
of	IN
a	DT
certain	JJ
random	JJ
walk	NN
on	IN
the	DT
set	NN
of	IN
all	DT
perfect	JJ
matchings	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
dense	JJ
graph	NN
,	,
thereby	RB
providing	VBG
a	DT
polynomial	NN
time	NN
algorithm	NN
for	IN
approximating	VBG
the	DT
permanent	JJ
.	.
Together	RB
,	,
these	DT
two	CD
papers	NNS
have	VBP
helped	VBN
trigger	VB
a	DT
Markov	NNP
Chain	NNP
``	``
renaissance	NN
''	''
in	IN
the	DT
1990	CD
's	POS
,	,
and	CC
one	CD
can	MD
conservatively	RB
count	VB
seventy	JJ
major	JJ
papers	NNS
employing	VBG
Markov	NNP
chains	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
style	NN
and	CC
methodology	NN
they	PRP
initiated	VBD
,	,
covering	VBG
areas	NNS
as	IN
diverse	JJ
as	IN
matching	VBG
algorithms	NNS
,	,
geometric	JJ
algorithms	NNS
,	,
mathematical	JJ
programming	NN
,	,
statistics	NNS
,	,
physics-inspired	JJ
applications	NNS
,	,
and	CC
dynamical	JJ
systems	NNS
.	.
These	DT
two	CD
papers	NNS
,	,
using	VBG
a	DT
subtle	JJ
yet	RB
elementary	JJ
method	NN
,	,
independently	RB
proved	VBD
that	IN
nondeterministic	JJ
space	NN
complexity	NN
classes	NNS
are	VBP
closed	VBN
under	IN
complementation	NN
.	.
This	DT
surprising	JJ
result	NN
settled	VBD
a	DT
fundamental	JJ
question	NN
in	IN
complexity	NN
theory	NN
that	WDT
had	VBD
remained	VBN
open	JJ
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
three	CD
decades	NNS
.	.
These	DT
papers	NNS
introduced	VBD
the	DT
concept	NN
of	IN
interactive	JJ
proof	NN
systems	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
provides	VBZ
a	DT
rich	JJ
new	JJ
framework	NN
for	IN
addressing	VBG
the	DT
question	NN
of	IN
what	WP
constitutes	VBZ
a	DT
mathematical	JJ
proof	NN
.	.
The	DT
invention	NN
of	IN
this	DT
framework	NN
has	VBZ
already	RB
led	VBN
to	TO
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
exciting	JJ
developments	NNS
in	IN
complexity	NN
theory	NN
in	IN
recent	JJ
years	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
discovery	NN
of	IN
close	JJ
connections	NNS
between	IN
interactive	JJ
proof	NN
systems	NNS
and	CC
classical	JJ
complexity	NN
classes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
resolution	NN
of	IN
several	JJ
major	JJ
open	JJ
problems	NNS
about	IN
the	DT
difficulty	NN
of	IN
finding	VBG
near-optimal	JJ
solutions	NNS
to	TO
combinatorial	JJ
optimization	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
Instead	RB
of	IN
trying	VBG
to	TO
reconstruct	VB
the	DT
past	JJ
using	VBG
only	RB
incidents	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
think	VBP
I	PRP
remember	VBP
,	,
I	PRP
will	MD
quote	VB
extensively	RB
from	IN
actual	JJ
documents	NNS
that	WDT
were	VBD
written	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
things	NNS
happened	VBD
.	.
The	DT
remarks	NNS
below	IN
are	VBP
extracted	VBN
from	IN
a	DT
one-hour	JJ
keynote	NN
speech	NN
I	PRP
gave	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
Stanford	NNP
Computer	NNP
Forum	NNP
on	IN
20	CD
March	NNP
2002	CD
;	:
many	JJ
further	JJ
details	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
images	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
documents	NNS
,	,
can	MD
be	VB
seen	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
video	NN
recording	NN
of	IN
that	DT
lecture	NN
,	,
which	WDT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
permanently	RB
archived	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Internet	NNP
by	IN
Stanford	NNP
's	POS
Center	NNP
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
[scpd.stanford.edu	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
As	IN
in	IN
that	DT
lecture	NN
,	,
I	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
attempt	VB
to	TO
give	VB
a	DT
traditional	JJ
biography	NN
,	,
with	IN
balanced	JJ
accounts	NNS
of	IN
Bob	NNP
's	POS
childhood	NN
,	,
education	NN
,	,
family	NN
life	NN
,	,
career	NN
,	,
and	CC
outside	JJ
interests	NNS
;	:
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
intriguing	JJ
task	NN
of	IN
preparing	VBG
such	PDT
an	DT
account	NN
will	MD
be	VB
undertaken	VBN
before	RB
long	RB
by	IN
professional	JJ
historians	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
much	RB
more	RBR
qualified	VBN
than	IN
I.	NN
My	PRP$
aim	NN
here	RB
is	VBZ
rather	RB
to	TO
present	VB
a	DT
personal	JJ
perspective	NN
.	.
My	PRP$
own	JJ
work	NN
on	IN
programming	NN
was	VBD
merely	RB
a	DT
sideline	NN
by	IN
which	WDT
I	PRP
could	MD
pay	VB
for	IN
my	PRP$
college	NN
education	NN
and	CC
prepare	VB
to	TO
start	VB
a	DT
family	NN
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
of	IN
1962	CD
I	PRP
wrote	VBD
a	DT
FORTRAN	NNP
compiler	NN
for	IN
a	DT
small	JJ
UNIVAC	NNP
computer	NN
;	:
this	DT
work	NN
had	VBD
almost	RB
no	DT
connection	NN
with	IN
what	WP
I	PRP
viewed	VBD
as	IN
my	PRP$
future	JJ
career	NN
as	IN
a	DT
teacher	NN
of	IN
mathematics	NNS
,	,
except	IN
that	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
spend	VB
one	CD
fascinating	JJ
day	NN
studying	VBG
the	DT
efficiency	NN
of	IN
``	``
linear	JJ
probing	VBG
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
simple	JJ
hash	NN
table	NN
algorithm	NN
by	IN
which	WDT
my	PRP$
compiler	NN
maintained	VBD
its	PRP$
dictionary	NN
of	IN
symbols	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
never	RB
heard	VBN
of	IN
``	``
computer	NN
science	NN
.	.
''	''
My	PRP$
whole	JJ
attitude	NN
changed	VBD
,	,
however	RB
,	,
when	WRB
I	PRP
met	VBD
Bob	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
time	NN
in	IN
person	NN
at	IN
the	DT
ACM	NNP
conference	NN
in	IN
Syracuse	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
that	DT
summer	NN
.	.
We	PRP
became	VBD
fast	JJ
friends	NNS
,	,
perhaps	RB
because	IN
we	PRP
had	VBD
both	DT
learned	VBD
programming	NN
in	IN
the	DT
late	JJ
1950s	NNS
by	IN
sitting	VBG
at	IN
the	DT
consoles	VBZ
of	IN
IBM	NNP
650	CD
computers	NNS
.	.
Bob	NNP
showed	VBD
me	PRP
some	DT
work	NN
he	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
doing	VBG
about	IN
mathematical	JJ
techniques	NNS
for	IN
verifying	VBG
that	IN
a	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
correct	JJ
--	:
a	DT
completely	RB
unheard-of	JJ
idea	NN
in	IN
those	DT
days	NNS
as	IN
far	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
knew	VBD
.	.
The	DT
accepted	VBN
methodology	NN
for	IN
program	NN
construction	NN
was	VBD
quite	RB
the	DT
opposite	NN
:	:
People	NNS
would	MD
write	VB
code	NN
and	CC
make	VB
test	NN
runs	NNS
,	,
then	RB
find	VB
bugs	NNS
and	CC
make	VB
patches	NNS
,	,
then	RB
find	VB
more	JJR
bugs	NNS
and	CC
make	VB
more	JJR
patches	NNS
,	,
and	CC
so	RB
on	IN
until	IN
not	RB
being	VBG
able	JJ
to	TO
discover	VB
any	DT
further	JJ
errors	NNS
,	,
yet	RB
always	RB
living	VBG
in	IN
dread	NN
for	IN
fear	NN
that	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
case	NN
would	MD
turn	VB
up	RP
on	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
day	NN
and	CC
lead	NN
to	TO
a	DT
new	JJ
type	NN
of	IN
failure	NN
.	.
We	PRP
never	RB
realized	VBD
that	IN
there	EX
might	MD
be	VB
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
construct	VB
a	DT
rigorous	JJ
proof	NN
of	IN
validity	NN
;	:
at	IN
least	JJS
,	,
I	PRP
'm	VBP
sure	JJ
that	IN
such	JJ
thoughts	NNS
never	RB
crossed	VBD
my	PRP$
own	JJ
mind	NN
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
writing	VBG
programs	NNS
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
doing	VBG
nothing	NN
but	CC
proofs	NNS
when	WRB
I	PRP
was	VBD
in	IN
a	DT
classroom	NN
.	.
I	PRP
considered	VBD
programming	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
an	DT
entirely	RB
different	JJ
category	NN
of	IN
human	JJ
activity	NN
.	.
The	DT
early	JJ
treatises	NNS
of	IN
Goldstine	NNP
and	CC
von	NNP
Neumann	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
provided	VBD
a	DT
glimpse	NN
of	IN
mathematical	JJ
program	NN
development	NN
,	,
had	VBD
long	RB
been	VBN
forgotten	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
was	VBD
also	RB
unaware	JJ
of	IN
John	NNP
McCarthy	NNP
's	POS
paper	NN
,	,
``	``
Towards	IN
a	DT
mathematical	JJ
science	NN
of	IN
computation	NN
,	,
''	''
presented	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
IFIP	NNP
Congress	NNP
in	IN
Munich	NNP
that	WDT
summer	NN
,	,
nor	CC
did	VBD
I	PRP
associate	JJ
McCarthy-style	NNP
recursive	JJ
functions	NNS
with	IN
``	``
real	JJ
''	''
programming	NN
at	IN
that	DT
time	NN
.	.
But	CC
Bob	NNP
taught	VBD
me	PRP
how	WRB
to	TO
wear	VB
my	PRP$
programmer	NN
's	POS
cap	NN
and	CC
my	PRP$
mathematician	NN
's	POS
cloak	NN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
.	.
Proceedings	NNP
of	IN
Symposia	NNP
in	IN
Applied	NNP
Mathematics	NNPS
19	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
1967	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
19-32	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
he	PRP
gave	VBD
credit	NN
to	TO
unpublished	JJ
ideas	NNS
of	IN
Alan	NNP
Perlis	NNP
and	CC
Saul	NNP
Gorn	NNP
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
sure	JJ
that	IN
he	PRP
had	VBD
developed	VBN
everything	NN
independently	RB
.	.
His	PRP$
paper	NN
presented	VBD
a	DT
formal	JJ
grammar	NN
for	IN
flowcharts	NNS
together	RB
with	IN
rigorous	JJ
methods	NNS
for	IN
verifying	VBG
the	DT
effects	NNS
of	IN
basic	JJ
actions	NNS
like	IN
assignments	NNS
and	CC
tests	NNS
;	:
thus	RB
it	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
direct	JJ
precursor	NN
of	IN
the	DT
``	``
preconditions	NNS
''	''
and	CC
``	``
postconditions	NNS
''	''
subsequently	RB
developed	VBN
by	IN
Tony	NNP
Hoare	NNP
.	.
Whenever	NNP
I	PRP
had	VBD
mail	NN
from	IN
Bob	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
'd	MD
learn	VB
that	IN
he	PRP
had	VBD
gotten	VBN
ahead	RB
in	IN
our	PRP$
friendly	JJ
competition	NN
;	:
then	RB
it	PRP
was	VBD
my	PRP$
turn	NN
to	TO
put	VB
TAOCP	NNP
on	IN
hold	NN
for	IN
another	DT
day	NN
,	,
trying	VBG
to	TO
trump	VB
his	PRP$
latest	JJS
discovery	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
informal	JJ
game	NN
of	IN
pure-research-at-a-distance	NN
gave	VBD
us	PRP
a	DT
taste	NN
of	IN
the	DT
thrills	VBZ
that	IN
mathematicians	NNS
of	IN
old	JJ
must	MD
have	VB
felt	VBN
in	IN
similar	JJ
circumstances	NNS
,	,
as	IN
when	WRB
Leibniz	NNP
corresponded	VBD
with	IN
the	DT
Bernoullis	NNP
or	CC
when	WRB
Euler	NNP
and	CC
Goldbach	NNP
exchanged	VBD
letters	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
found	VBD
in	IN
my	PRP$
files	NNS
a	DT
letter	NN
that	IN
I	PRP
'd	MD
written	VBN
to	TO
Myrtle	NNP
Kellington	NNP
in	IN
June	NNP
,	,
1967	CD
,	,
urging	VBG
her	PRP$
to	TO
have	VB
the	DT
illustrations	NNS
in	IN
this	DT
paper	NN
typeset	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
printer	NN
instead	RB
of	IN
using	VBG
the	DT
much	JJ
cheaper	JJR
alternative	NN
of	IN
``	``
Leroy	NNP
lettering	NN
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
argued	VBD
that	IN
``	``
Floyd	NNP
's	POS
article	NN
,	,
perhaps	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
article	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
ever	RB
seen	VBN
,	,
is	VBZ
based	VBN
almost	RB
entirely	RB
on	IN
illustrations	NNS
coordinated	VBN
with	IN
text	NN
.	.
...	:
Saying	VBG
he	PRP
should	MD
prepare	VB
his	PRP$
own	JJ
diagrams	NNS
is	VBZ
,	,
in	IN
this	DT
case	NN
,	,
like	IN
telling	VBG
our	PRP$
authors	NNS
never	RB
to	TO
use	VB
any	DT
mathematical	JJ
formulas	NNS
unless	IN
they	PRP
submit	VBP
hand-lettered	JJ
copy	NN
.	.
...	:
Professor	NNP
Floyd	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
one	CD
of	IN
our	PRP$
best	JJS
and	CC
most	RBS
faithful	JJ
referees	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
ACM	NNP
publications	NNS
for	IN
many	JJ
years	NNS
,	,
and	CC
he	PRP
has	VBZ
volunteered	VBN
much	RB
of	IN
his	PRP$
valuable	JJ
time	NN
to	TO
this	DT
often	RB
thankless	JJ
job	NN
.	.
Now	RB
he	PRP
is	VBZ
an	DT
associate	JJ
editor	NN
of	IN
JACM	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
certainly	RB
owe	VBP
him	PRP
a	DT
decent	JJ
treatment	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
article	NN
.	.
''	''
I	PRP
'm	VBP
happy	JJ
to	TO
report	VB
that	IN
she	PRP
agreed	VBD
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
she	PRP
had	VBD
received	VBN
my	PRP$
letter	NN
more	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
weeks	NNS
after	IN
the	DT
publication	NN
deadline	NN
.	.
Meanwhile	RB
my	PRP$
publishers	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
asked	VBN
Bob	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
detailed	JJ
critique	NN
of	IN
TAOCP	NNP
Volume	NN
1	CD
,	,
which	WDT
was	VBD
being	VBG
prepared	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
press	NN
in	IN
1967	CD
.	.
Needless	JJ
to	TO
say	VB
,	,
his	PRP$
comments	NNS
proved	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
invaluable	JJ
to	TO
me	PRP
,	,
although	IN
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
agree	VB
with	IN
every	DT
single	JJ
one	CD
of	IN
his	PRP$
remarks	NNS
.	.
Here	RB
are	VBP
some	DT
excerpts	NNS
from	IN
what	WP
he	PRP
wrote	VBD
:	:
``	``
Chapter	NN
I	PRP
:	:
Overall	JJ
opinion	NN
.	.
I	PRP
like	VBP
the	DT
chapter	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
think	VBP
it	PRP
could	MD
be	VB
improved	VBN
by	IN
chopping	VBG
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
humor	NN
and	CC
anecdotes	NNS
,	,
retaining	VBG
the	DT
historical	JJ
material	NN
.	.
The	DT
author	NN
's	POS
personal	JJ
notes	NNS
of	IN
advice	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
,	,
are	VBP
often	RB
valuable	JJ
;	:
at	IN
times	NNS
,	,
though	RB
,	,
the	DT
non-technical	JJ
material	NN
gets	VBZ
a	DT
little	JJ
thick	JJ
.	.
The	DT
technical	JJ
content	NN
meets	VBZ
very	RB
high	JJ
standards	NNS
of	IN
scholarship	NN
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
a	DT
credit	NN
to	TO
the	DT
author	NN
.	.
''	''
Then	RB
he	PRP
gave	VBD
hundreds	NNS
of	IN
detailed	JJ
suggestions	NNS
for	IN
improvements	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
text	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
correspondence	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
entirely	RB
technical	JJ
.	.
On	IN
22	CD
February	NNP
1967	CD
I	PRP
wrote	VBD
,	,
``	``
Bob	NNP
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
feeling	NN
that	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
going	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
somewhat	RB
extraordinary	JJ
letter	NN
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
year	NN
or	CC
so	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
getting	VBG
lots	NNS
of	IN
offers	NNS
of	IN
employment	NN
from	IN
other	JJ
colleges	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
think	VBP
I	PRP
told	VBD
you	PRP
that	IN
I	PRP
plan	VBP
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
have	VBP
planned	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
decide	VB
on	IN
a	DT
permanent	JJ
home	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
will	MD
want	VB
to	TO
live	VB
the	DT
rest	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
move	VB
there	RB
after	IN
the	DT
year	NN
I	PRP
spend	VBP
in	IN
Princeton	NNP
working	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
government	NN
.	.
I	PRP
replied	VBD
that	IN
``	``
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
know	VB
anyone	NN
I	PRP
could	MD
recommend	VB
more	RBR
highly	RB
.	.
He	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
most	RBS
gifted	JJ
man	NN
in	IN
his	PRP$
`	``
age	NN
bracket	NN
'	''
that	IN
I	PRP
have	VBP
ever	RB
met	VBN
.	.
Several	JJ
of	IN
his	PRP$
published	VBN
papers	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
significant	JJ
mile	NN
-	:
posts	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
computer	NN
science	NN
,	,
notably	RB
his	PRP$
introduction	NN
of	IN
precedence	NN
grammars	NNS
,	,
tree-sort	JJ
algorithms	NNS
,	,
and	CC
methods	NNS
of	IN
`	``
assigning	VBG
meanings	NNS
to	TO
programs	NNS
.	.
'	''
I	PRP
have	VBP
also	RB
had	VBD
the	DT
pleasure	NN
of	IN
carrying	VBG
on	IN
frequent	JJ
correspondence	NN
with	IN
him	PRP
for	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
,	,
so	IN
I	PRP
am	VBP
quite	RB
familiar	JJ
with	IN
his	PRP$
unpublished	JJ
work	NN
too	RB
;	:
this	DT
correspondence	NN
covers	VBZ
a	DT
wide	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
topics	NNS
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
graph	NN
theory	NN
,	,
word	NN
problems	NNS
in	IN
semigroups	NNS
,	,
mathematical	JJ
notations	NNS
,	,
algorithms	NNS
for	IN
syntactic	JJ
analysis	NN
,	,
theorems	NNS
about	IN
languages	NNS
,	,
algorithms	NNS
for	IN
manipulating	VBG
data	NNS
structures	NNS
,	,
optimal	JJ
sorting	VBG
schemes	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
,	,
etc.	FW
He	PRP
also	RB
was	VBD
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
teaching	VBG
our	PRP$
introductory	JJ
programming	NN
course	NN
,	,
CS106	NNP
;	:
we	PRP
often	RB
talked	VBD
about	IN
examples	NNS
that	WDT
might	MD
help	VB
to	TO
introduce	VB
basic	JJ
concepts	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
was	VBD
promoted	VBN
to	TO
Full	NNP
Professor	NNP
at	IN
Stanford	NNP
in	IN
1970	CD
,	,
one	CD
of	IN
extremely	RB
few	JJ
people	NNS
to	TO
achieve	VB
this	DT
rank	NN
after	IN
having	VBG
served	VBN
only	RB
five	CD
years	NNS
as	IN
Associate	NNP
Professor	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
three	CD
of	IN
which	WDT
were	VBD
at	IN
Carnegie	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
This	DT
picture	NN
of	IN
Bob	NNP
Floyd	NNP
was	VBD
taken	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
Stanford	NNP
student	NN
and	CC
posted	VBD
on	IN
our	PRP$
department	NN
's	POS
photo	NN
board	NN
about	IN
1972	CD
.	.
To	TO
simulate	VB
gray	JJ
scale	NN
with	IN
binary	JJ
pixels	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
've	VBP
rendered	VBN
it	PRP
here	RB
using	VBG
the	DT
Floyd-Steinberg	NNP
``	``
error	NN
diffusion	NN
''	''
algorithm	NN
,	,
implementing	VBG
that	IN
algorithm	NN
exactly	RB
as	IN
suggested	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
famous	JJ
article	NN
that	WDT
Bob	NNP
published	VBD
with	IN
Louis	NNP
Steinberg	NNP
in	IN
1976	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
diffusing	JJ
errors	NNS
from	IN
bottom	NN
to	TO
top	JJ
and	CC
right	JJ
to	TO
left	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
the	DT
resolution	NN
is	VBZ
600	CD
dots	NNS
per	IN
inch	NN
.	.
Caution	NN
:	:
Software	NNP
for	IN
printing	NN
might	MD
have	VB
mangled	VBN
the	DT
bits	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
now	RB
seeing	VBG
.	.
Floyd	NNP
and	CC
Steinberg	NNP
's	POS
paper	NN
matches	VBZ
the	DT
technology	NN
of	IN
inkjet	NN
printers	NNS
better	JJR
than	IN
that	DT
of	IN
laserjet	NN
printers	NNS
,	,
so	RB
you	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
seeing	VBG
this	DT
image	NN
at	IN
its	PRP$
best	JJS
.	.
Error	NN
diffusion	NN
does	VBZ
,	,
however	RB
,	,
give	VBP
beautiful	JJ
results	NNS
when	WRB
it	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
tuned	VBN
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
a	DT
typical	JJ
inkjet	NN
device	NN
.	.
He	PRP
was	VBD
destined	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
disappointed	VBN
that	IN
his	PRP$
dream	NN
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
,	,
near-ideal	JJ
programming	NN
language	NN
called	VBN
Chiron	NNP
was	VBD
never	RB
to	TO
be	VB
realized	VBN
--	:
possibly	RB
because	IN
he	PRP
was	VBD
reluctant	JJ
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
sorts	NNS
of	IN
compromises	NNS
that	IN
he	PRP
saw	VBD
me	PRP
making	VBG
with	IN
respect	NN
to	TO
TEX.	NNP
.	.
Chiron	NNP
was	VBD
``	``
an	DT
attempt	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
programming	NN
environment	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
largest	JJS
extent	NN
possible	JJ
,	,
one	CD
designs	VBZ
a	DT
program	NN
by	IN
designing	VBG
the	DT
process	NN
which	WDT
the	DT
program	NN
carries	VBZ
out	RP
.	.
''	''
His	PRP$
plans	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Chiron	NNP
compiler	NN
included	VBD
novel	JJ
methods	NNS
of	IN
compile-time	JJ
error	NN
recovery	NN
and	CC
type	NN
matching	NN
that	WDT
have	VBP
never	RB
been	VBN
published	VBN
.	.
I	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
when	WRB
he	PRP
retired	VBD
in	IN
1994	CD
,	,
the	DT
publication	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
book	NN
The	DT
Language	NN
of	IN
Machines	NNS
with	IN
Richard	NNP
Beigel	NNP
brought	VBD
him	PRP
enormous	JJ
satisfaction	NN
,	,
especially	RB
when	WRB
he	PRP
received	VBD
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fine	JJ
translation	NN
of	IN
that	DT
book	NN
into	IN
German	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
'd	MD
like	VB
to	TO
close	VB
with	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
anecdotes	NNS
.	.
First	RB
,	,
people	NNS
often	RB
assume	VBP
that	IN
my	PRP$
books	NNS
are	VBP
in	IN
error	NN
or	CC
incomplete	JJ
when	WRB
I	PRP
refer	VBP
to	TO
Bob	NNP
as	IN
``	``
Robert	NNP
W	NNP
Floyd	NNP
,	,
''	''
since	IN
the	DT
indexes	NNS
to	TO
my	PRP$
books	NNS
give	VBP
a	DT
full	JJ
middle	JJ
name	NN
for	IN
almost	RB
everybody	NN
else	RB
.	.
The	DT
truth	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
he	PRP
was	VBD
indeed	RB
born	VBN
with	IN
another	DT
middle	JJ
name	NN
,	,
but	CC
he	PRP
had	VBD
it	PRP
legally	RB
changed	VBD
to	TO
``	``
W	NNP
''	''
--	:
just	RB
as	IN
President	NNP
Truman	NNP
's	POS
middle	JJ
name	NN
was	VBD
simply	RB
``	``
S	NNP
''	''
.	.
Bob	NNP
liked	VBD
to	TO
point	VB
out	RP
that	IN
``	``
W.	NNP
''	''
is	VBZ
a	DT
valid	JJ
abbreviation	NN
for	IN
``	``
W	NNP
''	''
.	.
Third	NNP
,	,
he	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
strong	JJ
social	JJ
conscience	NN
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
he	PRP
spent	VBD
a	DT
significant	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
time	NN
and	CC
energy	NN
to	TO
help	VB
free	JJ
Fernando	NNP
Flores	NNP
from	IN
prison	NN
in	IN
Chile	NNP
.	.
Flores	NNP
,	,
a	DT
former	JJ
vice-rector	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Catholic	NNP
University	NNP
of	IN
Chile	NNP
who	WP
had	VBD
developed	VBN
a	DT
computer-based	JJ
information	NN
system	NN
for	IN
the	DT
entire	JJ
Chilean	JJ
economy	NN
and	CC
become	VB
a	DT
cabinet	NN
minister	NN
in	IN
the	DT
government	NN
of	IN
Salvador	NNP
Allende	NNP
,	,
came	VBD
to	TO
Stanford	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
research	NN
associate	NN
in	IN
1976	CD
largely	RB
because	IN
of	IN
Bob	NNP
's	POS
efforts	NNS
,	,
after	IN
having	VBG
been	VBN
held	VBN
without	IN
charges	NNS
for	IN
three	CD
years	NNS
by	IN
the	DT
military	JJ
junta	NN
headed	VBN
by	IN
Augusto	NNP
Pinochet	NNP
.	.
Fourth	JJ
,	,
he	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
connoisseur	NN
of	IN
fine	JJ
food	NN
.	.
Some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
delicious	JJ
meals	NNS
I	PRP
've	VBP
ever	RB
experienced	VBN
were	VBD
eaten	VBN
in	IN
his	PRP$
presence	NN
,	,
either	CC
as	IN
a	DT
guest	NN
in	IN
his	PRP$
house	NN
or	CC
in	IN
a	DT
restaurant	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
choice	NN
.	.
I	PRP
particularly	RB
remember	VBP
an	DT
unforgettable	JJ
duckling	NN
with	IN
flaming	JJ
cherry	NN
sauce	NN
,	,
consumed	VBN
during	IN
an	DT
ACM	JJ
conference	NN
in	IN
Denver	NNP
.	.
SIGACT	NNP
News	NNP
serves	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
forum	NN
for	IN
issues	NNS
of	IN
interest	NN
to	TO
the	DT
theoretical	JJ
computer	NN
science	NN
community	NN
.	.
Readers	NNS
can	MD
keep	VB
abreast	RB
of	IN
professional	JJ
events	NNS
and	CC
announcements	NNS
,	,
and	CC
benefit	NN
from	IN
regular	JJ
technical	JJ
columns	NNS
written	VBN
by	IN
respected	JJ
professionals	NNS
in	IN
key	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
theoretical	JJ
computer	NN
science	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
the	DT
non-technical	JJ
columns	NNS
,	,
letters	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Editor	NNP
,	,
and	CC
minutes	NNS
of	IN
professional	JJ
meetings	NNS
help	VBP
keep	VB
the	DT
reader	NN
up-to-date	JJ
on	IN
issues	NNS
of	IN
importance	NN
to	TO
professional	JJ
theoretical	JJ
computer	NN
scientists	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Education	NNP
Forum	NNP
provides	VBZ
insight	NN
into	IN
the	DT
latest	JJS
teaching	NN
methods	NNS
and	CC
material	NN
,	,
and	CC
provides	VBZ
previews	NNS
of	IN
recent	JJ
or	CC
upcoming	JJ
textbooks	NNS
.	.
Regular	JJ
columns	NNS
and	CC
features	NNS
include	VBP
the	DT
following	NN
.	.
The	DT
columns	NNS
are	VBP
run	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
staff	NN
of	IN
dedicated	JJ
volunteers	NNS
.	.
Questions	NNS
about	IN
and	CC
submissions	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
columns	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
addressed	VBN
directly	RB
to	TO
the	DT
respective	JJ
columnist	NN
.	.
This	DT
script	NN
will	MD
prompt	VB
you	PRP
for	IN
all	PDT
the	DT
information	NN
required	VBN
to	TO
set	VB
up	RP
the	DT
electronic	JJ
submissions	NNS
software	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
conference	NN
.	.
When	WRB
default	NN
values	NNS
are	VBP
allowed	VBN
for	IN
submissions	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
shown	VBN
in	IN
square	JJ
brackets	NNS
immediately	RB
before	IN
the	DT
input	NN
position	NN
.	.
The	DT
default	NN
value	NN
can	MD
be	VB
selected	VBN
by	IN
simply	RB
hitting	VBG
return	NN
.	.
Papers	NNP
presenting	VBG
original	JJ
research	NN
on	IN
theoretical	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
computer	NN
science	NN
are	VBP
sought	VBN
.	.
Typical	JJ
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
exclusive	JJ
,	,
topics	NNS
of	IN
interest	NN
include	VBP
algorithmic	JJ
graph	NN
theory	NN
,	,
algorithms	NNS
and	CC
data	NNS
structures	NNS
,	,
applications	NNS
of	IN
logic	NN
,	,
biological	JJ
computing	NN
,	,
computational	JJ
biology	NN
,	,
complexity	NN
theory	NN
,	,
cryptography	NN
,	,
computational	JJ
algebra	NN
,	,
computational	JJ
geometry	NN
,	,
machine	NN
learning	NN
,	,
parallel	NN
and	CC
distributed	VBN
computation	NN
,	,
and	CC
probabilistic	JJ
computation	NN
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
SIGACT	NNP
policy	NN
,	,
abstract	JJ
material	NN
which	WDT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
previously	RB
published	VBN
in	IN
another	DT
conference	NN
proceedings	NNS
or	CC
journal	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
which	WDT
is	VBZ
scheduled	VBN
for	IN
publication	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
STOC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
considered	VBN
for	IN
acceptance	NN
at	IN
STOC	NNP
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
SIGACT	NNP
policy	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
allow	VB
simultaneous	JJ
submissions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
essentially	RB
the	DT
same	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
abstract	JJ
material	NN
to	TO
another	DT
conference	NN
with	IN
a	DT
published	VBN
proceedings	NNS
.	.
Applicants	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
STOC	NNP
authors	NNS
or	CC
co-authors	NNS
,	,
or	CC
be	VB
contributing	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
conference	NN
in	IN
some	DT
other	JJ
way	NN
.	.
To	TO
apply	VB
send	VB
the	DT
information	NN
outline	NN
above	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Student	NNP
Travel	NNP
Award	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
under	IN
items	NNS
1	CD
throught	NN
4	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
item	NN
5	CD
is	VBZ
not	RB
required	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
secretary.sigact@sigact.acm.org	VB
by	IN
March	NNP
26	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
applying	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
Developing	VBG
Country	NN
Travel	NN
Award	NNP
please	VB
explicitly	RB
mention	VB
in	IN
your	PRP$
application	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
applying	VBG
for	IN
this	DT
award	NN
and	CC
not	RB
the	DT
regular	JJ
award	NN
.	.
This	DT
award	NN
is	VBZ
on	IN
a	DT
trial	NN
basis	NN
and	CC
may	MD
be	VB
discontinued	VBN
.	.
A	DT
bug	NN
in	IN
the	DT
search	NN
engine	NN
prevented	VBD
searches	NNS
from	IN
finding	VBG
names	NNS
containing	VBG
accents	NNS
.	.
This	DT
bug	NN
was	VBD
fixed	VBN
so	RB
that	IN
searchers	NNS
can	MD
simply	RB
leave	VB
out	RP
the	DT
accent	NN
from	IN
the	DT
name	NN
and	CC
still	RB
get	VB
a	DT
correct	JJ
string	NN
match	NN
.	.
An	DT
abstract	JJ
should	MD
start	VB
with	IN
the	DT
title	NN
of	IN
the	DT
paper	NN
,	,
each	DT
author	NN
's	POS
name	NN
,	,
affiliation	NN
,	,
and	CC
e-mail	NN
address	NN
,	,
followed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
one-paragraph	JJ
summary	NN
of	IN
the	DT
results	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
presented	VBN
.	.
This	DT
should	MD
then	RB
be	VB
followed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
technical	JJ
exposition	NN
of	IN
the	DT
main	JJ
ideas	NNS
and	CC
techniques	NNS
used	VBN
to	TO
achieve	VB
these	DT
results	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
motivation	NN
and	CC
a	DT
clear	JJ
comparison	NN
with	IN
related	JJ
work	NN
.	.
The	DT
abstract	JJ
should	MD
not	RB
exceed	VB
10	CD
single-spaced	JJ
pages	NNS
on	IN
letter-size	JJ
paper	NN
,	,
using	VBG
reasonable	JJ
margins	NNS
and	CC
at	IN
least	JJS
11-point	JJ
font	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
authors	NNS
believe	VBP
that	IN
more	JJR
details	NNS
are	VBP
essential	JJ
to	TO
substantiate	VB
the	DT
main	JJ
claims	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
paper	NN
,	,
they	PRP
may	MD
include	VB
a	DT
clearly	RB
marked	VBN
appendix	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
read	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
discretion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
committee	NN
.	.
Abstracts	NNS
deviating	VBG
significantly	RB
from	IN
these	DT
guidelines	NNS
risk	NN
rejection	NN
without	IN
consideration	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
merits	NNS
.	.
Prof.	NNP
Knuth	NNP
is	VBZ
best	RB
known	VBN
for	IN
his	PRP$
ongoing	JJ
multivolume	JJ
series	NN
,	,
The	DT
Art	NNP
of	IN
Computer	NNP
Programming	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
played	VBD
a	DT
critical	JJ
role	NN
in	IN
establishing	VBG
and	CC
defining	VBG
Computer	NNP
Science	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
rigorous	JJ
,	,
intellectual	JJ
discipline	NN
.	.
Prof.	NNP
Knuth	NNP
has	VBZ
also	RB
made	VBN
fundamental	JJ
contributions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
subfields	NNS
of	IN
analysis	NN
of	IN
algorithms	NNS
,	,
compilers	NNS
,	,
string	NN
matching	NN
,	,
term	NN
rewriting	VBG
systems	NNS
,	,
literate	JJ
programming	NN
,	,
and	CC
typography	NN
.	.
His	PRP$
TeX	NNP
and	CC
MF	NNP
systems	NNS
are	VBP
widely	RB
accepted	VBN
as	IN
standards	NNS
for	IN
electronic	JJ
typesetting	NN
.	.
Prof.	NNP
Knuth	NNP
's	POS
work	NN
is	VBZ
distinguished	VBN
by	IN
its	PRP$
integration	NN
of	IN
theoretical	JJ
analyses	NNS
and	CC
practical	JJ
real-world	JJ
concerns	NNS
.	.
In	IN
his	PRP$
work	NN
,	,
theory	NN
and	CC
practice	NN
are	VBP
not	RB
separate	JJ
components	NNS
of	IN
Computer	NNP
Science	NNP
,	,
but	CC
rather	RB
he	PRP
shows	VBZ
them	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
inexorably	RB
linked	VBN
branches	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
whole	NN
.	.
In	IN
selecting	VBG
the	DT
Knuth	NNP
Prize	NNP
winner	NN
,	,
the	DT
Committee	NNP
will	MD
pay	VB
particular	JJ
attention	NN
to	TO
a	DT
sustained	VBN
record	NN
of	IN
high-impact	JJ
,	,
seminal	JJ
contributions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
foundations	NNS
of	IN
computer	NN
science	NN
.	.
The	DT
selection	NN
may	MD
also	RB
be	VB
partly	RB
based	VBN
on	IN
educational	JJ
accomplishments	NNS
and	CC
contributions	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
fundamental	JJ
textbooks	NNS
and	CC
high-quality	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
award	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
based	VBN
on	IN
service	NN
work	NN
for	IN
the	DT
community	NN
,	,
although	IN
service	NN
might	MD
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
citation	NN
for	IN
a	DT
winner	NN
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
.	.
The	DT
prize	NN
can	MD
be	VB
awarded	VBN
to	TO
an	DT
individual	NN
for	IN
a	DT
single	JJ
contribution	NN
or	CC
for	IN
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
contributions	NNS
over	IN
a	DT
career	NN
.	.
All	DT
living	VBG
individuals	NNS
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
exception	NN
of	IN
the	DT
sitting	VBG
SIGACT	NNP
Chair	NNP
,	,
an	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
nominated	VBD
a	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
selection	NN
committee	NN
members	NNS
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
selection	NN
committee	NN
.	.
Nominations	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
member	NN
of	IN
Theory	NNP
of	IN
Computing	NNP
community	NN
and	CC
should	MD
contain	VB
a	DT
statement	NN
of	IN
no	DT
more	JJR
than	IN
500	CD
words	NNS
explaining	VBG
why	WRB
the	DT
candidate	NN
deserves	VBZ
the	DT
award	NN
.	.
The	DT
nomination	NN
can	MD
also	RB
include	VB
an	DT
additional	JJ
separate	JJ
listing	NN
of	IN
service	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
nomination	NN
must	MD
include	VB
the	DT
address	NN
,	,
phone	NN
number	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
email	NN
address	NN
of	IN
the	DT
nominator	NN
.	.
Each	DT
author	NN
on	IN
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
selected	VBN
papers	NNS
will	MD
receive	VB
a	DT
certificate	NN
or	CC
plaque	NN
with	IN
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
award	NN
,	,
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
paper	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
names	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
authors	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
paper	NN
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
awarded	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
Business	NN
Meeting	VBG
that	DT
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
main	JJ
criterion	NN
for	IN
selection	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
same	JJ
as	IN
for	IN
being	VBG
a	DT
top-rated	JJ
paper	NN
in	IN
the	DT
conference	NN
:	:
introduction	NN
of	IN
a	DT
strong	JJ
new	JJ
technique	NN
,	,
solution	NN
of	IN
a	DT
long-standing	JJ
open	JJ
problem	NN
,	,
introduction	NN
and	CC
solution	NN
of	IN
an	DT
interesting	JJ
and	CC
important	JJ
new	JJ
problem	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
These	DT
are	VBP
the	DT
characteristics	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
giving	VBG
a	DT
paper	NN
the	DT
highest	JJS
score	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
paper	NN
qualifies	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
Machtey\/Lewin	NNP
Best	JJS
Student	NN
Paper	NN
Award	NN
,	,
it	PRP
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
disqualified	VBN
from	IN
being	VBG
considered	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
Best	JJS
Paper	NN
Award	NN
,	,
and	CC
vice	NN
versa	RB
;	:
a	DT
paper	NN
meriting	VBG
both	DT
Awards	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
both	DT
Awards	NNS
.	.
If	IN
last-minute	JJ
help	NN
with	IN
the	DT
submissions	NNS
process	NN
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
or	CC
in	IN
the	DT
unlikely	JJ
event	NN
of	IN
difficuties	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
submissions	NNS
server	NN
please	VB
contact	NN
the	DT
local	JJ
chair	NN
,	,
Lawrence	NNP
Larmore	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
larmore	NN
@	SYM
cs.unlv.edu	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Las	NNP
Vegas	NNP
offers	VBZ
top	JJ
quality	NN
entertainment	NN
,	,
attractions	NNS
,	,
shopping	NN
and	CC
world-renowned	JJ
resorts	NNS
.	.
Las	NNP
Vegas	NNP
nightlife	NN
will	MD
keep	VB
you	PRP
up	RP
until	IN
dawn	NN
and	CC
art	NN
displays	NNS
,	,
music	NN
and	CC
museums	NNS
take	VBP
you	PRP
on	IN
a	DT
journey	NN
from	IN
the	DT
classic	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
contemporary	JJ
.	.
Downtown	NN
Las	NNP
Vegas	NNP
offers	VBZ
an	DT
energetic	JJ
display	NN
of	IN
color	NN
with	IN
a	DT
bit	NN
of	IN
nostalgia	NN
and	CC
a	DT
glimpse	NN
of	IN
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
This	DT
person	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
volunteer	NN
,	,
so	RB
please	VB
only	RB
contact	NN
him\/her	NN
for	IN
problems	NNS
not	RB
handled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
submissions	NNS
server	NN
or	CC
this	DT
document	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
not	RB
contact	VB
the	DT
conference	NN
chair	NN
or	CC
program	NN
committee	NN
chair	NN
,	,
as	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
have	VB
any	DT
control	NN
over	IN
the	DT
electronic	JJ
submission	NN
process	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
other	JJ
than	IN
to	TO
set	VB
guidelines	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Please	VB
do	VB
not	RB
ask	VB
the	DT
contact	NN
person	NN
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
system-specific	JJ
problems	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
those	DT
with	IN
LaTeX	NNP
,	,
PostScript	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
tm	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
or	CC
your	PRP$
mailer	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
questions	NNS
are	VBP
best	RB
addressed	VBN
to	TO
your	PRP$
system	NN
administrator	NN
or	CC
support	NN
staff	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
working	VBG
document	NN
describing	VBG
the	DT
electronic	JJ
submission	NN
procedure	NN
for	IN
ALENEX	NNP
'	POS
07	CD
.	.
The	DT
procedures	NNS
and	CC
policies	NNS
described	VBD
herein	RB
may	MD
change	VB
slightly	RB
as	IN
we	PRP
encounter	VBP
problems	NNS
or	CC
develop	VB
new	JJ
solutions	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
send	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
submission	NN
,	,
the	DT
server	NN
now	RB
generates	VBZ
an	DT
md5	JJ
``	``
receipt	NN
''	''
for	IN
the	DT
submission	NN
.	.
In	IN
case	NN
of	IN
serious	JJ
server	NN
error	NN
,	,
this	DT
lets	VBZ
you	PRP
``	``
prove	VBP
''	''
to	TO
us	PRP
that	IN
the	DT
submission	NN
arrived	VBD
.	.
We	PRP
strongly	RB
recommend	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
keep	VB
your	PRP$
original	JJ
PostScript	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
tm	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
PDF	NNP
file	NN
until	IN
after	IN
the	DT
deadline	NN
so	IN
that	IN
it	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
the	DT
receipt	NN
for	IN
verification	NN
.	.
Notes	NNS
on	IN
all	DT
changes	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
paper	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
submissions	NNS
,	,
requests	NNS
for	IN
information	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
sent	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
contact	NN
for	IN
the	DT
paper	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
If	IN
a	DT
change	NN
is	VBZ
done	VBN
inappropriately	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
contact	NN
's	POS
responsibility	NN
to	TO
notify	VB
Gerth	NNP
S.	NNP
Brodal	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Experience	NN
shows	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
common	JJ
errors	NNS
in	IN
using	VBG
the	DT
system	NN
are	VBP
neglecting	VBG
to	TO
register	VB
before	IN
submitting	VBG
or	CC
failing	VBG
to	TO
include	VB
the	DT
system-supplied	JJ
file	NN
name	NN
when	WRB
submitting	VBG
the	DT
paper	NN
.	.
Both	DT
of	IN
these	DT
mistakes	NNS
may	MD
make	VB
life	NN
more	RBR
difficult	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
program	NN
committee	NN
,	,
and	CC
should	MD
be	VB
avoided	VBN
.	.
Electronic	NNP
Publishing	NNP
Board	NNP
to	TO
investigate	VB
and	CC
develop	VB
guidelines	NNS
and	CC
mechanisms	NNS
for	IN
electronic	JJ
submission	NN
and	CC
dissemination	NN
of	IN
STOC	NNP
and	CC
FOCS	NNP
proceedings	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
SIGACT	NNP
and	CC
theoretical	JJ
publications	NNS
.	.
Unprintable	JJ
and	CC
late	JJ
submissions	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
rejected	VBN
.	.
Submissions	NNS
formatted	VBD
for	IN
paper	NN
size	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
8.5	CD
x	SYM
11	CD
inch	NN
paper	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
US	NNP
Letter	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
or	CC
with	IN
pages	NNS
in	IN
nonascending	VBG
order	NN
,	,
also	RB
risk	NN
rejection	NN
without	IN
consideration	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
merits	NNS
.	.
The	DT
committee	NN
accepts	VBZ
no	DT
responsibility	NN
for	IN
errors	NNS
due	JJ
to	TO
problems	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
system	NN
,	,
although	IN
we	PRP
will	MD
do	VB
our	PRP$
best	JJS
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
that	IN
no	DT
such	JJ
problems	NNS
occur	VBP
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
revise	VB
or	CC
withdraw	VB
your	PRP$
paper	NN
after	IN
submitting	VBG
it	PRP
.	.
However	RB
,	,
revisions	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
received	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
deadline	NN
.	.
Withdrawals	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
deadline	NN
can	MD
be	VB
done	VBN
using	VBG
the	DT
electronic	JJ
submissions	NNS
system	NN
.	.
Withdrawals	NNS
after	IN
the	DT
deadline	NN
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
arranged	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
program	NN
committee	NN
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
copyright	NN
restrictions	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
request	VBP
that	DT
authors	NNS
only	RB
use	VBP
standard	JJ
LaserWriter	NNP
fonts	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
Times	NNP
,	,
Helvetica	NNP
,	,
Symbol	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
public	JJ
domain	NN
fonts	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
the	DT
Computer	NNP
Modern	NNP
Fonts	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
their	PRP$
preliminary	JJ
submissions	NNS
.	.
For	IN
final	JJ
submissions	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
possible	JJ
to	TO
use	VB
copyrighted	VBN
fonts	NNS
.	.
To	TO
submit	VB
via	IN
electronic	JJ
mail	NN
,	,
send	VBP
electronic	JJ
mail	NN
to	TO
alenex07@sigact.cs.unlv.edu	CD
with	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
subjects	NNS
.	.
The	DT
submission	NN
server	NN
will	MD
send	VB
you	PRP
a	DT
reply	NN
indicating	VBG
the	DT
disposition	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
request	NN
.	.
Please	VB
add	VB
an	DT
abstract	JJ
to	TO
your	PRP$
registration	NN
to	TO
simplify	VB
the	DT
job	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
committee	NN
to	TO
assign	VB
submissions	NNS
to	TO
committee	NN
members	NNS
.	.
The	DT
abstract	JJ
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
used	VBN
later	RBR
in	IN
the	DT
review	NN
process	NN
.	.
So	RB
do	VBP
n't	RB
worry	VB
if	IN
the	DT
abstract	JJ
of	IN
your	PRP$
final	JJ
submission	NN
deviates	VBZ
from	IN
the	DT
abstract	JJ
you	PRP
submitted	VBD
when	WRB
you	PRP
registered	VBD
.	.
In	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
still	RB
withdraw	VB
your	PRP$
paper	NN
and	CC
reregister	VB
it	PRP
.	.
Submit	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
revise	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
a	DT
paper	NN
.	.
The	DT
Postcript	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
tm	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
PDF	NNP
file	NN
of	IN
the	DT
submission	NN
can	MD
be	VB
either	RB
stored	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
body	NN
of	IN
the	DT
message	NN
or	CC
attached	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
message	NN
.	.
The	DT
server	NN
will	MD
acknowledge	VB
the	DT
submission	NN
.	.
The	DT
acknowledgement	NN
will	MD
include	VB
an	DT
MD5-generated	JJ
receipt	NN
for	IN
the	DT
submission	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
basic	JJ
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
file	NN
so	IN
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
verify	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
arrived	VBD
``	``
safely	RB
''	''
.	.
The	DT
basic	JJ
information	NN
includes	VBZ
sizes	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
bytes	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
checksum	NN
,	,
first	JJ
and	CC
last	JJ
ten	CD
lines	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
file	NN
.	.
We	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
plan	VB
to	TO
include	VB
a	DT
mechanism	NN
for	IN
encryption\/decryption	NN
of	IN
submissions	NNS
to	TO
ALENEX	NNP
'	POS
07	CD
.	.
The	DT
primary	JJ
reason	NN
for	IN
this	DT
decision	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
SIGACT	NNP
community	NN
is	VBZ
honorable	JJ
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
unlikely	JJ
that	IN
we	PRP
can	MD
provide	VB
sufficiently	RB
general	JJ
cross-platform	JJ
software	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
not	RB
hinder	VB
the	DT
refereeing	NN
process	NN
.	.
This	DT
server	NN
could	MD
not	RB
verify	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
authorized	VBN
to	TO
access	VB
the	DT
document	NN
requested	VBD
.	.
Either	CC
you	PRP
supplied	VBD
the	DT
wrong	JJ
credentials	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
bad	JJ
password	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
or	CC
your	PRP$
browser	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
understand	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
supply	VB
the	DT
credentials	NNS
required	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
mostly	RB
contains	VBZ
quotes	NNS
on	IN
subjects	NNS
of	IN
interest	NN
to	TO
theoretical	JJ
computer	NN
scientists	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
comments	NNS
on	IN
mathematics	NNS
,	,
science	NN
,	,
technology	NN
,	,
research	NN
,	,
and	CC
academics	NNS
in	IN
general	JJ
.	.
Suggestions	NNS
for	IN
quotes	NNS
for	IN
future	JJ
inclusion	NN
should	MD
be	VB
sent	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
editor	NN
at	IN
editor@sigact.acm.org	NN
.	.
When	WRB
a	DT
person	NN
has	VBZ
discovered	VBN
the	DT
truth	NN
about	IN
something	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
established	VBN
it	PRP
with	IN
great	JJ
effort	NN
,	,
then	RB
,	,
on	IN
viewing	VBG
his	PRP$
discoveries	NNS
more	RBR
carefully	RB
,	,
he	PRP
often	RB
realizes	VBZ
that	IN
what	WP
he	PRP
has	VBZ
taken	VBN
great	JJ
pains	NNS
to	TO
find	VB
might	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
perceived	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
greatest	JJS
of	IN
ease	NN
.	.
For	IN
a	DT
research	NN
worker	NN
,	,
the	DT
unforgotten	JJ
moments	NNS
of	IN
his	PRP$
life	NN
are	VBP
those	DT
rare	JJ
ones	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
come	VBP
after	IN
years	NNS
of	IN
plodding	NN
work	NN
,	,
when	WRB
the	DT
veil	NN
over	IN
nature	NN
's	POS
secret	JJ
seems	VBZ
suddenly	RB
to	TO
lift	VB
and	CC
when	WRB
what	WP
was	VBD
dark	JJ
and	CC
chaotic	JJ
suddenly	RB
appears	VBZ
in	IN
a	DT
clear	JJ
and	CC
beautiful	JJ
light	NN
and	CC
pattern	NN
.	.
The	DT
major	JJ
difference	NN
between	IN
a	DT
thing	NN
that	WDT
might	MD
go	VB
wrong	JJ
and	CC
a	DT
thing	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
not	RB
possibly	RB
go	VB
wrong	JJ
is	VBZ
that	IN
when	WRB
a	DT
thing	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
not	RB
possibly	RB
go	VB
wrong	JJ
goes	VBZ
wrong	JJ
it	PRP
usually	RB
turns	VBZ
out	RP
to	TO
be	VB
impossible	JJ
to	TO
get	VB
at	IN
or	CC
repair	VB
.	.
Even	RB
if	IN
your	PRP$
reader	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
herself	PRP
know	VB
precisely	RB
what	WP
rules	NNS
you	PRP
are	VBP
breaking	VBG
,	,
she	PRP
will	MD
certainly	RB
notice	VB
whether	IN
your	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
are	VBP
easy	JJ
to	TO
understand	VB
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
write	VBP
muddy	JJ
,	,
indecipherable	JJ
prose	NN
,	,
riddled	JJ
with	IN
mistakes	NNS
,	,
your	PRP$
reader	NN
is	VBZ
bound	VBN
to	TO
wonder	VB
how	WRB
carefully	RB
you	PRP
designed	VBN
your	PRP$
study	NN
,	,
collected	VBN
your	PRP$
data	NNS
,	,
applied	VBD
statistical	JJ
techniques	NNS
,	,
or	CC
otherwise	RB
behaved	VBD
like	IN
a	DT
respectable	JJ
scientist	NN
.	.
On	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
hand	NN
,	,
as	IN
my	PRP$
husband	NN
was	VBD
leaving	VBG
graduate	JJ
school	NN
for	IN
his	PRP$
first	JJ
job	NN
,	,
his	PRP$
thesis	NN
advisor	NN
told	VBD
him	PRP
,	,
``	``
You	PRP
may	MD
wonder	VB
how	WRB
a	DT
professor	NN
gets	VBZ
any	DT
research	NN
done	VBN
when	WRB
one	CD
has	VBZ
to	TO
teach	VB
,	,
advise	VB
students	NNS
,	,
serve	VBP
on	IN
committees	NNS
,	,
referee	NN
papers	NNS
,	,
write	VB
letters	NNS
of	IN
recommendation	NN
,	,
interview	NN
prospective	JJ
faculty	NN
.	.
Well	RB
,	,
I	PRP
take	VBP
long	JJ
showers	NNS
.	.
''	''
The	DT
first	JJ
was	VBD
never	RB
to	TO
accept	VB
anything	NN
as	IN
true	JJ
if	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
not	RB
evident	JJ
knowledge	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
being	VBG
so	RB
;	:
that	WDT
is	VBZ
,	,
carefully	RB
to	TO
avoid	VB
precipitancy	NN
and	CC
prejudice	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
embrace	VB
in	IN
my	PRP$
judgment	NN
only	RB
what	WP
presented	VBD
itself	PRP
to	TO
my	PRP$
mind	NN
so	RB
clearly	RB
and	CC
distinctly	RB
that	IN
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
occasion	NN
to	TO
doubt	VB
it	PRP
.	.
The	DT
third	JJ
,	,
to	TO
direct	VB
my	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
orderly	JJ
way	NN
;	:
beginning	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
simplest	JJS
objects	NNS
,	,
those	DT
most	RBS
apt	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
known	VBN
,	,
and	CC
ascending	VBG
little	JJ
by	IN
little	RB
,	,
in	IN
steps	NNS
as	IN
it	PRP
were	VBD
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
knowledge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
complex	JJ
;	:
and	CC
establishing	VBG
an	DT
order	NN
in	IN
thought	NN
even	RB
when	WRB
the	DT
objects	NNS
had	VBD
no	DT
natural	JJ
priority	NN
one	CD
to	TO
another	DT
.	.
And	CC
the	DT
last	JJ
,	,
to	TO
make	VB
throughout	IN
such	JJ
complete	JJ
enumerations	NNS
and	CC
such	JJ
general	JJ
surveys	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
might	MD
be	VB
sure	JJ
of	IN
leaving	VBG
nothing	NN
out	RP
.	.
Poets	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
go	VB
mad	JJ
;	:
but	CC
chess-players	NNS
do	VBP
.	.
Mathematicians	NNPS
go	VBP
mad	JJ
,	,
and	CC
cashiers	NNS
;	:
but	CC
creative	JJ
artists	NNS
very	RB
seldom	RB
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
not	RB
,	,
as	RB
will	MD
be	VB
seen	VBN
,	,
in	IN
any	DT
sense	NN
attacking	VBG
logic	NN
:	:
I	PRP
only	RB
say	VBP
that	IN
this	DT
danger	NN
does	VBZ
lie	VB
in	IN
logic	NN
,	,
not	RB
in	IN
imagination	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
very	RB
few	JJ
things	NNS
which	WDT
we	PRP
know	VBP
,	,
which	WDT
are	VBP
not	RB
capable	JJ
of	IN
being	VBG
reduc	JJ
'd	MD
to	TO
a	DT
Mathematical	NNP
Reasoning	NN
;	:
and	CC
when	WRB
they	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
it	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
sign	NN
our	PRP$
knowledge	NN
of	IN
them	PRP
is	VBZ
very	RB
small	JJ
and	CC
confus	JJ
'd	MD
;	:
and	CC
when	WRB
a	DT
Mathematical	NNP
Reasoning	NN
can	MD
be	VB
had	VBD
it	PRP
's	VBZ
as	RB
great	JJ
a	DT
folly	NN
to	TO
make	VB
use	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
,	,
as	IN
to	TO
grope	VB
for	IN
a	DT
thing	NN
in	IN
the	DT
dark	JJ
,	,
when	WRB
you	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
Candle	NNP
standing	NN
by	IN
you	PRP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
keep	VBP
proving	VBG
stuff	NN
that	IN
others	NNS
have	VBP
done	VBN
,	,
getting	VBG
confidence	NN
,	,
increasing	VBG
the	DT
complexities	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
solutions	NNS
-	:
for	IN
the	DT
fun	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
-	:
then	RB
one	CD
day	NN
you	PRP
'll	MD
turn	VB
around	RB
and	CC
discover	VBP
that	IN
nobody	NN
actually	RB
did	VBD
that	IN
one	CD
!	.
And	CC
that	DT
's	VBZ
the	DT
way	NN
to	TO
become	VB
a	DT
computer	NN
scientist	NN
.	.
In	IN
presenting	VBG
a	DT
mathematical	JJ
argument	NN
the	DT
great	JJ
thing	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
give	VB
the	DT
educated	VBN
reader	NN
the	DT
chance	NN
to	TO
catch	VB
on	IN
at	IN
once	RB
to	TO
the	DT
momentary	JJ
point	NN
and	CC
take	VB
details	NNS
for	IN
granted	VBN
:	:
his	PRP$
successive	JJ
mouthfuls	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
such	JJ
as	IN
can	MD
be	VB
swallowed	VBN
at	IN
sight	NN
;	:
in	IN
case	NN
of	IN
accidents	NNS
,	,
or	CC
in	IN
case	NN
he	PRP
wishes	VBZ
for	IN
once	RB
to	TO
check	VB
in	IN
detail	NN
,	,
he	PRP
should	MD
have	VB
only	RB
a	DT
clearly	RB
circumscribed	VBN
little	JJ
problem	NN
to	TO
solve	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
to	TO
check	VB
an	DT
identity	NN
:	:
two	CD
trivialities	NNS
omitted	VBN
can	MD
add	VB
up	RP
to	TO
an	DT
impasse	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
unpractised	JJ
writer	NN
,	,
even	RB
after	IN
the	DT
dawn	NN
of	IN
a	DT
conscience	NN
,	,
gives	VBZ
him	PRP
no	DT
such	JJ
chance	NN
;	:
before	IN
he	PRP
can	MD
spot	VB
the	DT
point	NN
he	PRP
has	VBZ
to	TO
tease	VB
his	PRP$
way	NN
through	IN
a	DT
maze	NN
of	IN
symbols	NNS
of	IN
which	WDT
not	RB
the	DT
tiniest	JJS
suffix	NN
can	MD
be	VB
skipped	VBN
.	.
Some	DT
people	NNS
say	VBP
that	IN
a	DT
monkey	NN
would	MD
bang	NN
out	IN
the	DT
complete	JJ
works	NNS
of	IN
Shakespeare	NN
on	IN
a	DT
typewriter	NN
given	VBN
an	DT
unlimited	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
meantime	NN
,	,
what	WP
they	PRP
would	MD
probably	RB
produce	VB
is	VBZ
a	DT
valid	JJ
sendmail	NN
configuration	NN
file	NN
.	.
Should	MD
we	PRP
be	VB
surprised	VBN
that	IN
one	CD
does	VBZ
not	RB
know	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
reason	NN
when	WRB
the	DT
language	NN
of	IN
the	DT
sciences	NNS
is	VBZ
nothing	NN
but	CC
a	DT
jargon	NN
of	IN
much	JJ
too	RB
many	JJ
words	NNS
,	,
some	DT
of	IN
which	WDT
so	RB
vulgar	RB
as	IN
to	TO
not	RB
have	VB
any	DT
definite	JJ
meaning	NN
,	,
while	IN
others	NNS
are	VBP
foreign	JJ
or	CC
barbarian	JJ
words	NNS
one	CD
does	VBZ
not	RB
understand	VB
well	RB
.	.
An	DT
entry	NN
for	IN
a	DT
person	NN
without	IN
a	DT
doctoral	JJ
degree	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
which	WDT
is	VBZ
included	VBN
when	WRB
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
has	VBZ
served	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
thesis	NN
adviser	NN
on	IN
doctoral	JJ
degrees	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
has	VBZ
the	DT
string	NN
''	''
--	:
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
three	CD
hyphens	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
the	DT
adviser	NN
,	,
university	NN
,	,
and	CC
year	NN
fields	NNS
.	.
The	DT
university	NN
file	NN
maps	NNS
acronyms	NNS
to	TO
universities	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
entry	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
an	DT
acronym	NN
,	,
followed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
character	NN
''	''
=	SYM
''	''
,	,
followed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
name	NN
,	,
city	NN
or	CC
town	NN
,	,
state	NN
or	CC
province	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
applicable	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
country	NN
of	IN
a	DT
university	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
separated	VBN
by	IN
commas	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
SIGACT	NNP
Theoretical	NNP
Computer	NNP
Science	NNP
Genealogy	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
lists	VBZ
information	NN
on	IN
earned	VBN
doctoral	JJ
degrees	NNS
of	IN
theoretical	JJ
computer	NN
scientists	NNS
,	,
is	VBZ
currently	RB
in	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
published	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
World-Wide	NNP
Web	NNP
.	.
Columbia	NNP
University	NNP
for	IN
his	PRP$
astonishing	JJ
breadth	NN
of	IN
contributions	NNS
to	TO
theoretical	JJ
computer	NN
science	NN
.	.
Mihalis	NNP
has	VBZ
made	VBN
major	JJ
contributions	NNS
to	TO
computational	JJ
complexity	NN
theory	NN
,	,
database	NN
theory	NN
,	,
computer-aided	JJ
verification	NN
and	CC
testing	NN
,	,
and	CC
algorithmic	JJ
graph	NN
theory	NN
.	.
His	PRP$
fundamental	JJ
contributions	NNS
to	TO
computational	JJ
complexity	NN
theory	NN
include	VBP
two	CD
key	JJ
papers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
PCP	NNP
theory	NN
of	IN
hardness	NN
of	IN
approximation	NN
--	:
the	DT
definition	NN
of	IN
the	DT
class	NN
max-SNP	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
proofs	NNS
of	IN
hardness	NN
of	IN
approximation	NN
of	IN
graph	NN
coloring	NN
and	CC
set	VBN
cover	NN
.	.
In	IN
database	NN
theory	NN
his	PRP$
far-reaching	JJ
contributions	NNS
include	VBP
the	DT
initiation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
study	NN
of	IN
acyclic	JJ
databases	NNS
and	CC
of	IN
non-two-phase	JJ
locking	VBG
.	.
In	IN
verification	NN
he	PRP
is	VBZ
arguably	RB
the	DT
researcher	NN
most	RBS
responsible	JJ
for	IN
laying	VBG
the	DT
rigorous	JJ
algorithmic	JJ
and	CC
complexity-theoretic	JJ
foundations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
field	NN
.	.
Jeffrey	NNP
D.	NNP
Ullman	NNP
,	,
for	IN
his	PRP$
sustained	JJ
research	NN
contributions	NNS
to	TO
Theoretical	NNP
Computer	NNP
Science	NNP
,	,
especially	RB
as	IN
it	PRP
relates	VBZ
to	TO
applied	VBN
areas	NNS
of	IN
Computer	NNP
Science	NNP
such	JJ
as	IN
compilers	NNS
,	,
parallelism	NN
,	,
and	CC
databases	NNS
;	:
and	CC
for	IN
his	PRP$
contributions	NNS
to	TO
Theoretical	NNP
Computer	NNP
Science	NNP
education	NN
through	IN
textbooks	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
mentoring	NN
of	IN
graduate	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
recipient	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
Knuth	NNP
Prize	NNP
is	VBZ
Prof.	NNP
Leslie	NNP
G.	NNP
Valiant	NNP
of	IN
Harvard	NNP
University	NNP
for	IN
his	PRP$
far-reaching	JJ
contributions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
study	NN
of	IN
computational	JJ
complexity	NN
,	,
parallel	JJ
computation	NN
,	,
and	CC
learning	VBG
theory	NN
.	.
He	PRP
has	VBZ
also	RB
helped	VBN
to	TO
shape	VB
the	DT
structure	NN
of	IN
computer	NN
science	NN
at	IN
a	DT
conceptual	JJ
level	NN
,	,
making	VBG
numerous	JJ
contributions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
theory	NN
of	IN
parallel	JJ
computation	NN
and	CC
bringing	VBG
about	IN
a	DT
renaissance	NN
in	IN
the	DT
computational	JJ
theory	NN
of	IN
learning	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
these	DT
strands	NNS
in	IN
his	PRP$
work	NN
are	VBP
brought	VBN
together	RB
in	IN
his	PRP$
recent	JJ
book	NN
,	,
Circuits	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Mind	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
few	JJ
efforts	NNS
to	TO
relate	VB
the	DT
cognitive	JJ
functions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
brain	NN
to	TO
concrete	JJ
computational	JJ
models	NNS
.	.
The	DT
recipient	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
Knuth	NNP
Prize	NNP
is	VBZ
Prof.	NNP
Andrew	NNP
C.-C	NNP
.	.
Yao	NNP
of	IN
Princeton	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
who	WP
is	VBZ
being	VBG
honored	VBN
for	IN
his	PRP$
fundamental	JJ
research	NN
in	IN
computational	JJ
complexity	NN
.	.
For	IN
25	CD
years	NNS
Andy	NNP
Yao	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
producing	VBG
research	NN
papers	NNS
in	IN
almost	RB
every	DT
aspect	NN
of	IN
computational	JJ
complexity	NN
and	CC
many	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
algorithmic	JJ
design	NN
.	.
These	DT
results	NNS
and	CC
proof	NN
methods	NNS
have	VBP
typically	RB
caused	VBN
a	DT
leap	NN
in	IN
the	DT
community	NN
's	POS
understanding	NN
of	IN
some	DT
central	JJ
issue	NN
,	,
enabling	VBG
rejuvenated	JJ
research	NN
by	IN
others	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
list	VBP
several	JJ
examples	NNS
as	IN
illustrations	NNS
.	.
Andy	NNP
's	POS
classic	JJ
paper	NN
on	IN
Communication	NNP
Complexity	NNP
,	,
perhaps	RB
the	DT
most	RBS
quoted	VBN
paper	NN
in	IN
Complexity	NNP
Theory	NNP
,	,
introduced	VBD
a	DT
fundamental	JJ
model	NN
for	IN
communication	NN
and	CC
techniques	NNS
for	IN
analyzing	VBG
it	PRP
.	.
Communication	NNP
Complexity	NNP
has	VBZ
since	IN
developed	VBN
into	IN
a	DT
major	JJ
area	NN
,	,
finding	VBG
diverse	JJ
and	CC
unexpected	JJ
applications	NNS
,	,
with	IN
two	CD
books	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
subject	JJ
coming	VBG
out	RB
soon	RB
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
paper	NN
``	``
Should	MD
Tables	NNPS
Be	VB
Sorted	VBN
,	,
''	''
Andy	NNP
revolutionized	VBD
our	PRP$
view	NN
of	IN
efficient	JJ
information	NN
storage	NN
,	,
leading	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
optimal	JJ
probabilistic	JJ
perfect	JJ
hashing	VBG
schemes	NNS
and	CC
dictionary	NN
implementations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
same	JJ
paper	NN
introduced	VBD
the	DT
fundamental	JJ
``	``
Cell	NNP
Probe	NNP
''	''
model	NN
for	IN
analyzing	VBG
data	NNS
structure	NN
algorithms	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
again	RB
a	DT
major	JJ
object	NN
of	IN
study	NN
.	.
The	DT
article	NN
``	``
Theory	NNP
and	CC
Applications	NNS
of	IN
Trap-door	JJ
Functions	NNS
''	''
contains	VBZ
an	DT
array	NN
of	IN
fundamental	JJ
results	NNS
.	.
The	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
is	VBZ
proving	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
Blum-Micali	NNP
generator	NN
is	VBZ
pseudo-random	JJ
,	,
leading	VBG
to	TO
an	DT
important	JJ
``	``
hardness	NN
vs	VBZ
randomness	NN
''	''
tradeoff	NN
:	:
if	IN
one-way	JJ
permutations	NNS
exist	VBP
,	,
then	RB
BPP	NNP
has	VBZ
subexponential	JJ
deterministic	JJ
simulations	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
defines	VBZ
and	CC
studies	VBZ
computational	JJ
entropy	NN
,	,
introduces	VBZ
the	DT
XOR	NNP
lemma	NN
to	TO
amplify	VB
computational	JJ
difficulty	NN
,	,
and	CC
uses	VBZ
it	PRP
to	TO
generate	VB
hard-core	JJ
bits	NNS
for	IN
every	DT
function	NN
.	.
Complexity	NN
.	.
After	IN
the	DT
breakthrough	NN
superpolynomial	NN
lower	JJR
bounds	NNS
for	IN
constant	JJ
depth	NN
circuits	NNS
were	VBD
proved	VBN
,	,
many	JJ
subsequent	JJ
attempts	NNS
to	TO
construct	VB
exponential-depth	NN
lower	JJR
bounds	NNS
failed	VBD
.	.
Andy	NNP
's	POS
tour-de-force	NN
``	``
Separating	VBG
the	DT
Polynomial-Time	NNP
Hierarchy	NNP
by	IN
Oracles	NNPS
''	''
was	VBD
a	DT
major	JJ
accomplishment	NN
.	.
His	PRP$
tenure	NN
in	IN
charge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Education	NNP
Forum	NNP
at	IN
SIGACT	NNP
News	NNP
has	VBZ
exceeded	VBN
all	DT
expectations	NNS
in	IN
length	NN
and	CC
breadth	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
out-lasted	VBN
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
Editors	NNP
.	.
Rocky	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
known	VBN
by	IN
all	DT
who	WP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
with	IN
him	PRP
for	IN
his	PRP$
alacrity	NN
and	CC
tireless	JJ
reliability	NN
.	.
Conference	NN
on	IN
Computational	NNP
Complexity	NNP
.	.
Alan	NNP
was	VBD
involved	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
drafting	VBG
of	IN
several	JJ
policy	NN
reports	NNS
for	IN
NSF	NNP
that	WDT
helped	VBD
present	VB
the	DT
case	NN
for	IN
funding	NN
theory	NN
to	TO
less	JJR
enlightened	VBN
administrators	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
has	VBZ
also	RB
served	VBN
the	DT
community	NN
well	RB
as	IN
an	DT
editor	NN
and	CC
on	IN
numerous	JJ
program	NN
committees	NNS
.	.
For	IN
over	IN
25	CD
years	NNS
Rao	NNP
Kosaraju	NNP
has	VBZ
actively	RB
and	CC
continuously	RB
served	VBD
the	DT
theory	NN
community	NN
.	.
His	PRP$
distinguished	JJ
service	NN
record	NN
includes	VBZ
numerous	JJ
editorships	NNS
of	IN
refereed	VBN
journals	NNS
,	,
program	NN
and	CC
conference	NN
committee	NN
memberships	NNS
,	,
service	NN
on	IN
the	DT
SIGACT	NNP
Executive	NNP
Committee	NNP
including	VBG
a	DT
term	NN
as	IN
SIGACT	NNP
Chair	NNP
,	,
service	NN
on	IN
many	JJ
prize	NN
and	CC
review	NN
committees	NNS
for	IN
top-ranked	JJ
Computer	NN
Science	NN
Departments	NNP
,	,
the	DT
National	NNP
Science	NNP
Foundation	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
ACM	NNP
Fellows	NNPS
Selection	NNP
Committee	NNP
.	.
Fred	NNP
is	VBZ
widely	RB
noted	VBN
for	IN
his	PRP$
service	NN
and	CC
dedication	NN
to	TO
the	DT
DIMACS	NNP
cause	NN
,	,
for	IN
his	PRP$
open-mindedness	NN
,	,
and	CC
for	IN
his	PRP$
ability	NN
to	TO
overcome	VB
difficult	JJ
challenges	NNS
.	.
Through	IN
his	PRP$
efforts	NNS
with	IN
DIMACS	NNP
,	,
he	PRP
has	VBZ
truly	RB
had	VBD
a	DT
significant	JJ
positive	JJ
impact	NN
on	IN
our	PRP$
community	NN
.	.
Architectures	NNS
,	,
Algorithms	NNS
,	,
and	CC
Networks	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
I-SPAN	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
a	DT
forum	NN
for	IN
scientists	NNS
,	,
engineers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
practitioners	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
world	NN
to	TO
exchange	VB
ideas	NNS
and	CC
research	NN
results	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
design	NN
,	,
use	NN
,	,
analysis	NN
,	,
and	CC
application	NN
of	IN
parallel	JJ
architectures	NNS
,	,
algorithms	NNS
,	,
networks	NNS
,	,
and	CC
internet	NN
technology	NN
.	.
Communication	NNP
protocols	NNS
for	IN
in	IN
ad	NN
hoc	FW
and	CC
sensor	NN
networks	NNS
Data	NNP
compression	NN
,	,
association	NN
,	,
aggregation	NN
Interplay	NNP
between	IN
information	NN
processing	NN
,	,
communication	NN
,	,
and	CC
routing	VBG
Analytical	NNP
,	,
mobility	NN
,	,
and	CC
validation	NN
models	NNS
for	IN
ad	NN
hoc	FW
and	CC
sensor	NN
networks	NNS
Hybrid	JJ
networks	NNS
and	CC
wireless	JJ
Internet	NNP
Quality	NNP
of	IN
service	NN
in	IN
medium	JJ
access	NN
control	NN
and	CC
routing	VBG
Data	NNP
management	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
query	NN
processing	NN
etc.	FW
By	IN
logging	VBG
into	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
take	VB
advantage	NN
of	IN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
online	JJ
benefits	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
membership	NN
.	.
Please	VB
note	NN
:	:
your	PRP$
login	NN
and	CC
password	NN
belong	VBP
to	TO
you	PRP
and	CC
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
shared	VBN
with	IN
anyone	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
additional	JJ
logins	NNS
and	CC
passwords	NNS
for	IN
other	JJ
members	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
staff	NN
,	,
take	VB
advantage	NN
of	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
and	CC
electronic	JJ
memberships	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
available	JJ
for	IN
college	NN
and	CC
employer	NN
members	NNS
.	.
Prepare	VB
your	PRP$
faculty	NN
for	IN
the	DT
2006-2007	CD
recruiting	NN
season	NN
.	.
Use	NNP
the	DT
Faculty	NNP
Referral	NNP
Workshop	NNP
to	TO
show	VB
faculty	NN
,	,
administrators	NNS
,	,
and	CC
your	PRP$
career	NN
center	NN
staff	NN
how	WRB
to	TO
refer	VB
and	CC
offer	VB
references	NNS
.	.
Order	NNP
online	NN
today	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
majoring	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
arts	NNS
face	VBP
intense	JJ
competition	NN
and	CC
a	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
consistent	JJ
job	NN
opportunities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
authors	NNS
offer	VBP
suggestions	NNS
for	IN
modifying	VBG
traditional	JJ
career	NN
advising	VBG
methods	NNS
,	,
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
resources	NNS
to	TO
engage	VB
the	DT
artistic	JJ
personality	NN
.	.
Student	NN
Characteristics	NNS
and	CC
Career	NNP
Planning	NNP
:	:
A	NNP
Case	NNP
Study	NNP
of	IN
an	DT
HRD	NNP
Program	NNP
To	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
effectiveness	NN
of	IN
a	DT
human	JJ
resource	NN
development	NN
program	NN
at	IN
a	DT
Midwest	NNP
university	NN
,	,
a	DT
study	NN
analyzed	VBD
student	NN
profiles	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
answers	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
questionnaire	NN
on	IN
career	NN
planning	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
's	POS
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
report	NN
.	.
Know	NNP
the	DT
going	VBG
rate	NN
for	IN
entry-level	JJ
accountants	NNS
,	,
engineers	NNS
,	,
programmers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
new	JJ
hires	NNS
,	,
and	CC
set	VBD
competitive	JJ
starting	VBG
salaries	NNS
to	TO
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
with	IN
confidence	NN
.	.
Available	JJ
only	RB
to	TO
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
subscribers	NNS
and	CC
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
,	,
these	DT
reports	NNS
can	MD
give	VB
you	PRP
the	DT
salary	NN
information	NN
you	PRP
need	VBP
,	,
the	DT
way	NN
you	PRP
need	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
,	,
see	VBP
www.naceweb.org/salarysurvey/salsurcustom.htm	NN
.	.
In	IN
February	NNP
1924	CD
,	,
the	DT
first	JJ
placement	NN
organization	NN
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
was	VBD
established	VBN
in	IN
Chicago	NNP
.	.
Its	PRP$
original	JJ
name	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Appointments	NNP
Secretaries	NNPS
,	,
after	IN
the	DT
British	JJ
position	NN
title	NN
,	,
``	``
appointments	NNS
secretary	NN
,	,
''	''
also	RB
known	VBN
as	IN
``	``
placement	NN
director	NN
''	''
in	IN
this	DT
country	NN
.	.
Of	IN
the	DT
12	CD
representatives	NNS
who	WP
founded	VBD
the	DT
pioneer	NN
organization	NN
,	,
11	CD
were	VBD
women	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
and	CC
employment	NN
professionals	NNS
are	VBP
involved	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
important	JJ
process-helping	JJ
students	NNS
choose	VB
and	CC
attain	VB
personally	RB
rewarding	JJ
careers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
helping	VBG
employers	NNS
develop	VB
effective	JJ
college	NN
relations	NNS
programs	NNS
which	WDT
contribute	VBP
to	TO
effective	JJ
candidate	NN
selections	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
organizations	NNS
.	.
Whether	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
connect	VB
with	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
or	CC
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
college	NN
recruiting	NN
professionals	NNS
,	,
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
provides	VBZ
you	PRP
with	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
print	NN
and	CC
online	JJ
publications	NNS
and	CC
web	NN
sites	NNS
to	TO
reach	VB
your	PRP$
goals	NNS
.	.
This	DT
study	NN
compares	VBZ
salaries	NNS
over	IN
a	DT
15-year	JJ
period	NN
and	CC
looks	VBZ
at	IN
how	WRB
supply	NN
and	CC
demand	NN
,	,
the	DT
tech	NN
bubble	NN
,	,
recession	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
forces	NNS
affected	VBD
starting	VBG
salary	NN
offers	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
business	NN
,	,
engineering	NN
,	,
computer-related	JJ
,	,
sciences	NNS
,	,
and	CC
nursing	NN
fields	NNS
.	.
The	DT
study	NN
features	VBZ
an	DT
analysis	NN
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
understand	VB
why	WRB
salaries	NNS
are	VBP
what	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
,	,
and	CC
where	WRB
they	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
going	VBG
.	.
Standards	NNP
for	IN
College	NNP
and	CC
University	NNP
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
the	DT
workbook	NN
complements	VBZ
the	DT
13	CD
categores	NNS
of	IN
standards	NNS
and	CC
helps	VBZ
you	PRP
identify	VB
areas	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
career	NN
services	NNS
program	NN
that	WDT
need	VBP
improvement	NN
and	CC
those	DT
that	WDT
fully	RB
meet	VBP
professional	JJ
standards	NNS
.	.
The	DT
workbook	NN
also	RB
offers	VBZ
tools	NNS
for	IN
calculating	VBG
composite	JJ
and	CC
mean	JJ
scores	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
category	NN
to	TO
enhance	VB
or	CC
overhaul	VB
your	PRP$
program	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
responses	NNS
from	IN
employers	NNS
nationwide	RB
,	,
the	DT
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
2007	CD
report	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
annual	JJ
,	,
national	JJ
forecast	NN
of	IN
the	DT
hiring	VBG
intentions	NNS
of	IN
employers	NNS
and	CC
examines	VBZ
other	JJ
issues	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
employment	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
includes	VBZ
hiring	VBG
projections	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
college	NN
Class	NN
of	IN
2007	CD
,	,
including	VBG
projections	NNS
by	IN
sector	NN
and	CC
region	NN
of	IN
the	DT
country	NN
;	:
information	NN
about	IN
employers	NNS
'	POS
intentions	NNS
for	IN
Spring	NNP
2007	CD
on-campus	JJ
recruiting	NN
,	,
preferred\/most	JJ
effective	JJ
recruiting	NN
methods	NNS
;	:
qualities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
ideal	JJ
candidate	NN
;	:
and	CC
more	JJR
.	.
Collect	VB
,	,
analyze	VB
,	,
and	CC
report	NN
information	NN
relative	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
practitioners	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
and	CC
the	DT
reactions	NNS
of	IN
users	NNS
of	IN
NACE	NNP
materials	NNS
and	CC
service	NN
.	.
Conduct	NNP
field	NN
contacts	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
personal	JJ
,	,
telephone	NN
and	CC
group	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
complete	JJ
contact	NN
reports	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
contacts	NNS
;	:
prepare	VB
reports	NNS
to	TO
Director	NNP
of	IN
Sales	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
appropriate	JJ
staff	NN
members	NNS
regarding	VBG
trends	NNS
,	,
needs	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
assessments	NNS
.	.
``	``
Companies	NNS
that	WDT
include	VBP
new	JJ
college	NN
graduate	NN
hires	VBZ
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
work	NN
force	NN
planning	VBG
strategy	NN
not	RB
only	RB
reap	VB
the	DT
immediate	JJ
benefits	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
hiring	VBG
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
sow	VB
the	DT
seeds	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
future	JJ
success	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
organizations	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
The	DT
increased	VBN
interest	NN
means	VBZ
employers	NNS
face	VBP
more	JJR
competition	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
new	JJ
college	NN
hires	VBZ
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Mackes	NNP
.	.
``	``
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
employers	NNS
told	VBD
us	PRP
that	IN
competition	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
number	NN
one	CD
challenge	NN
they	PRP
face	VBP
in	IN
hiring	VBG
Class	NN
of	IN
2007	CD
graduates	NNS
.	.
``	``
About	IN
the	DT
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
2007	CD
Survey	NN
:	:
The	DT
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
survey	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
forecast	NN
of	IN
hiring	VBG
intentions	NNS
of	IN
employers	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
relate	VBP
to	TO
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
``	``
Other	JJ
studies	NNS
we	PRP
've	VBP
conducted	VBN
show	NN
that	IN
organizations	NNS
target	VBP
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
for	IN
job	NN
openings	NNS
because	IN
it	PRP
gives	VBZ
organizations	NNS
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
mold	NN
their	PRP$
future	JJ
leaders	NNS
,	,
''	''
notes	VBZ
Mackes	NNP
.	.
``	``
This	DT
study	NN
bears	VBZ
out	RP
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
leadership	NN
skills	NNS
.	.
''	''
Less	RBR
than	IN
5	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
respondents	NNS
reported	VBD
that	IN
work	NN
experience	NN
is	VBZ
n't	RB
typically	RB
a	DT
factor	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
decision	NN
to	TO
hire	VB
a	DT
new	JJ
college	NN
graduate	NN
.	.
About	IN
the	DT
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
2007	CD
Survey	NN
:	:
The	DT
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
survey	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
forecast	NN
of	IN
hiring	VBG
intentions	NNS
of	IN
employers	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
relate	VBP
to	TO
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
Students	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
are	VBP
a	DT
growing	VBG
population	NN
on	IN
college	NN
campuses	NNS
;	:
however	RB
they	PRP
find	VBP
employment	NN
in	IN
significantly	RB
lower	JJR
percentages	NNS
than	IN
other	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
Why	WRB
?	.
Statistics	NNS
show	VBP
these	DT
students	NNS
,	,
without	IN
question	NN
,	,
are	VBP
the	DT
largest	JJS
underserved	JJ
population	NN
of	IN
college	NN
students	NNS
.	.
Yet	RB
,	,
their	PRP$
career	NN
development	NN
needs	NNS
are	VBP
acute	JJ
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
strengthen	VB
your	PRP$
knowledge	NN
and	CC
skills	NNS
of	IN
career	NN
development	NN
and	CC
the	DT
job	NN
search	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
'll	MD
want	VB
to	TO
hear	VB
Dan	NNP
Ryan	NNP
,	,
a	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioner	VBP
with	IN
16	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
this	DT
population	NN
.	.
Ryan	NNP
offers	VBZ
practical	JJ
advice	NN
and	CC
timely	JJ
information	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
increase	VB
your	PRP$
competence	NN
and	CC
comfort	NN
level	NN
for	IN
guiding	VBG
and	CC
teaching	VBG
students	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
who	WP
want	VBP
to	TO
expand	VB
and	CC
strengthen	VB
their	PRP$
knowledge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
job	NN
search	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
will	MD
want	VB
to	TO
hear	VB
Dan	NNP
Ryan	NNP
,	,
a	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioner	VBP
with	IN
16	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
this	DT
population	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
basic	JJ
level	NN
seminar	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
register	VBP
for	IN
the	DT
live	JJ
audio\/web	NN
conference	NN
,	,
we	PRP
will	MD
send	VB
you	PRP
confirmation	NN
via	IN
e-mail	NN
.	.
The	DT
confirmation	NN
will	MD
include	VB
telephone	NN
instructions	NNS
and	CC
instructions	NNS
for	IN
accessing	VBG
the	DT
PowerPoint	NNP
presentation	NN
.	.
Through	IN
an	DT
extensive	JJ
collaborative	JJ
partnership	NN
between	IN
Freshman	NN
Studies	NNS
and	CC
The	DT
Career	NNP
Center	NNP
at	IN
Seton	NNP
Hall	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
more	JJR
than	IN
90	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
first-year	JJ
students	NNS
complete	VB
an	DT
online	JJ
career	NN
assessment	NN
and	CC
more	JJR
than	IN
80	CD
percent	NN
participate	VB
in	IN
a	DT
career-related	JJ
program	NN
or	CC
advising	VBG
activity	NN
.	.
Hall	NNP
University	NNP
program	NN
which	WDT
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
program	NN
management	NN
,	,
career	NN
counseling	NN
,	,
and	CC
outreach	NN
to	TO
first-year	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
will	MD
offer	VB
ideas	NNS
on	IN
program	NN
development	NN
,	,
evaluation	NN
,	,
and	CC
relationship	NN
cultivation	NN
as	IN
it	PRP
relates	VBZ
to	TO
retention	NN
initiatives	NNS
.	.
Andrew	NNP
Brereton	NNP
's	POS
graduate	NN
degrees	NNS
are	VBP
in	IN
theology	NN
.	.
He	PRP
was	VBD
originally	RB
brought	VBN
in	IN
to	TO
Seton	NNP
Hall	NNP
's	POS
Career	NNP
Center	NNP
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
an	DT
initiative	NN
that	WDT
encourages	VBZ
students	NNS
to	TO
discern	VB
their	PRP$
true	JJ
vocation	NN
and	CC
consider	VB
how	WRB
they	PRP
might	MD
be	VB
of	IN
service	NN
to	TO
the	DT
common	JJ
good	JJ
.	.
He	PRP
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
programming	NN
and	CC
counseling	NN
efforts	NNS
that	WDT
seek	VBP
to	TO
engage	VB
students	NNS
early	RB
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
development	NN
process	NN
.	.
Register	NNP
now	RB
The	DT
NACElink	NNP
Network	NNP
,	,
the	DT
result	NN
of	IN
an	DT
alliance	NN
among	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
,	,
DirectEmployers	NNP
Association	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Symplicity	NNP
Corporation	NNP
,	,
features	VBZ
three	CD
levels	NNS
designed	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
schools	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
sizes	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
level	NN
features	VBZ
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
tools	NNS
and	CC
capabilities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
levels	NNS
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
options	NNS
for	IN
budgets	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
sizes	NNS
.	.
Often	RB
,	,
students	NNS
adopt	VB
and	CC
adapt	VB
to	TO
new	JJ
technologies	NNS
more	RBR
rapidly	RB
than	IN
we	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
do	VBP
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
research	NN
on	IN
technology	NN
and	CC
usage	NN
trends	NNS
in	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
units	NNS
,	,
this	DT
workshop	NN
's	POS
presenters	NNS
will	MD
investigate	VB
course	NN
management	NN
systems	NNS
and	CC
emerging	VBG
web-based	JJ
social	JJ
software	NN
applications	NNS
that	WDT
hold	VBP
promise	NN
for	IN
transforming	VBG
how	WRB
we	PRP
offer	VBP
services	NNS
,	,
deliver	VBP
instruction	NN
,	,
and	CC
share	NN
knowledge	NN
.	.
Presenters	NNS
will	MD
analyze	VB
a	DT
range	NN
of	IN
emerging	VBG
technologies	NNS
and	CC
assess	VB
their	PRP$
potential	JJ
to	TO
improve	VB
service	NN
delivery	NN
,	,
instructional	JJ
effectiveness	NN
and	CC
organizational	JJ
management	NN
;	:
and	CC
help	VB
partictipants	NNS
formulate	VB
strategy	NN
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
SWOT	NNP
analysis	NN
,	,
for	IN
use	NN
of	IN
these	DT
tools	NNS
appropriate	JJ
to	TO
their	PRP$
own	JJ
campus	NN
situations	NNS
.	.
Participants	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
grouped	VBN
into	IN
small	JJ
teams	NNS
,	,
each	DT
with	IN
a	DT
laptop	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
you	PRP
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
bring	VB
your	PRP$
laptop	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
to	TO
move	VB
through	IN
presentations	NNS
and	CC
activities	NNS
where	WRB
you	PRP
will	MD
get	VB
hands-on	JJ
practice	NN
in	IN
many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
discussed	VBN
applications	NNS
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
you	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
colleagues	NNS
will	MD
share	VB
knowledge	NN
on	IN
weblogs	NNS
,	,
wikis	NN
,	,
and	CC
RSS	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Really	RB
Simple	NN
Syndication	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
then	RB
practice	NN
posting	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
weblog	NN
,	,
editing	NN
a	DT
wiki	FW
page	NN
,	,
and	CC
subscribing	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
weblog	JJ
using	VBG
an	DT
RSS	NNP
reader	NN
.	.
Can	MD
you	PRP
define	VB
spark	VB
that	DT
makes	VBZ
someone	NN
a	DT
leader	NN
?	.
How	WRB
does	VBZ
a	DT
person	NN
effectively	RB
capture	VB
a	DT
group	NN
's	POS
attention	NN
and	CC
lead	NN
individuals	NNS
to	TO
volunteer	VB
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
ideas	NNS
?	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
have	VBP
what	WP
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
leader	NN
?	.
By	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
The	DT
Common	JJ
Sense	NN
Approach	NN
to	TO
Leadership	NN
workshop	NN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
thinking	VBG
about	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
leadership	NN
style	NN
and	CC
the	DT
direction	NN
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
take	VB
your	PRP$
organization	NN
in	IN
,	,
and	CC
planning	VBG
how	WRB
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
difference	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
office	NN
and	CC
among	IN
your	PRP$
staff	NN
.	.
Understand	JJ
how	WRB
to	TO
take	VB
advantage	NN
of	IN
engaging	VBG
and	CC
empowering	VBG
other	JJ
members	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
to	TO
become	VB
leaders	NNS
;	:
and	CC
Develop	VB
insight	NN
into	IN
your	PRP$
organizational	JJ
leadership	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
you	PRP
might	MD
engage	VB
others	NNS
,	,
from	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
junior	JJ
employee	NN
to	TO
senior	JJ
management	NN
.	.
Call	VB
it	PRP
emotional	JJ
intelligence	NN
or	CC
just	RB
good	JJ
old-fashioned	JJ
people	NNS
skills	NNS
,	,
but	CC
how	WRB
you	PRP
manage	VBP
yourself	PRP
and	CC
interact	VB
with	IN
others	NNS
profoundly	RB
influences	VBZ
your	PRP$
credibility	NN
and	CC
overall	JJ
effectiveness	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
and	CC
employment	NN
recruiting	NN
are	VBP
intensely	RB
relationship-oriented	JJ
businesses	NNS
.	.
Professionals	NNS
who	WP
work	VBP
well	RB
with	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
individuals	NNS
and	CC
situations	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
more	RBR
successful	JJ
.	.
Examine	VB
contemporary	JJ
relationship	NN
concepts	NNS
that	WDT
work	VBP
best	RB
in	IN
fast-paced	JJ
,	,
results-driven	JJ
,	,
electronically-oriented	JJ
work	NN
environments	NNS
.	.
Assess	VB
your	PRP$
own	JJ
style	NN
and	CC
identify	VB
your	PRP$
strengths	NNS
and	CC
learn	VB
to	TO
leverage	NN
them	PRP
to	TO
enhance	VB
your	PRP$
image	NN
.	.
Pinpoint	NNP
your	PRP$
weaknesses	NNS
and	CC
pick	VB
up	RP
ideas	NNS
for	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
manage	VB
around	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Examine	VB
the	DT
complexities	NNS
of	IN
trust	NN
systemically	RB
;	:
discover	VBP
behaviors	NNS
that	WDT
build	VBP
,	,
break	VBP
,	,
rebuild	VB
,	,
and	CC
sustain	VB
trust	NN
;	:
participate	VB
in	IN
experiential	JJ
learning	VBG
to	TO
identify	VB
these	DT
interrelations	NNS
;	:
and	CC
learn	VB
the	DT
connections	NNS
between	IN
trust	NN
and	CC
change	NN
management	NN
.	.
Explore	VB
a	DT
research-based	JJ
,	,
practical	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
trust	VB
building	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
nonthreatening	JJ
and	CC
practical	JJ
.	.
Through	IN
group	NN
discussion	NN
,	,
experiential	JJ
learning	NN
,	,
and	CC
self-reflection	NN
,	,
you	PRP
'll	MD
gain	VB
strategies	NNS
,	,
best	JJS
practices	NNS
,	,
and	CC
tools	NNS
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
critical	JJ
trust-related	JJ
issues	NNS
that	WDT
affect	VBP
performance	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
office	NN
.	.
Learn	VB
metrics	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
measure	VB
trust	NN
building	NN
behaviors	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
workplace	NN
,	,
and	CC
discover	VBP
how	WRB
to	TO
apply	VB
a	DT
research-based	JJ
,	,
proven	JJ
approach	NN
for	IN
rebuilding	VBG
and	CC
sustaining	VBG
trust	NN
,	,
improving	VBG
performance	NN
,	,
particularly	RB
during	IN
change	NN
.	.
Are	VBP
you	PRP
an	DT
idea	NN
person	NN
?	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
work	VB
with	IN
creative	JJ
people	NNS
?	.
Too	RB
often	RB
,	,
innovation	NN
is	VBZ
thought	VBN
of	IN
as	IN
something	NN
``	``
those	DT
people	NNS
''	''
do	VBP
as	IN
opposed	VBN
to	TO
an	DT
essential	JJ
opportunity	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
responsibility	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
everyone	NN
in	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
.	.
Groups	NNS
that	WDT
routinely	RB
produce	VBP
breakthrough	NN
ideas	NNS
and	CC
incremental	JJ
improvements	NNS
do	VBP
so	RB
because	IN
they	PRP
work	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
culture	NN
of	IN
innovation	NN
that	IN
encourages	VBZ
and	CC
engages	VBZ
individuals	NNS
with	IN
different	JJ
perspectives	NNS
to	TO
contribute	VB
to	TO
a	DT
shared	VBN
vision	NN
and	CC
common	JJ
goals	NNS
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
interactive	JJ
session	NN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
explore	VB
what	WP
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
to	TO
produce	VB
great	JJ
ideas	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
basis	NN
,	,
examine	VBP
best	JJS
practices	NNS
from	IN
recognized	VBN
innovators	NNS
like	IN
IDEO	NNP
and	CC
Wikipedia	NNP
,	,
and	CC
review	VB
the	DT
different	JJ
categories	NNS
of	IN
innovation	NN
worth	JJ
pursuing	VBG
.	.
Gain	NN
a	DT
better	JJR
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
and	CC
organizational	JJ
actions	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
make	VB
innovation	NN
a	DT
manageable	JJ
everyday	JJ
activity	NN
.	.
Network	NNP
of	IN
Graduate	NNP
Recruitment	NNP
and	CC
Development	NNP
Associations	NNPS
-LRB-	-LRB-
INGRADA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
comprised	VBN
of	IN
associations	NNS
from	IN
countries	NNS
worldwide	NN
,	,
serving	VBG
professionals	NNS
engaged	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
development	NN
,	,
recruitment	NN
,	,
and	CC
hiring	VBG
of	IN
college	NN
and	CC
university	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
INGRADA	NNP
's	POS
purpose	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
gather	VB
,	,
disseminate	VB
,	,
and	CC
network	NN
across	IN
national	JJ
borders	NNS
relevant	JJ
and	CC
timely	JJ
information	NN
and	CC
best	JJS
practice	NN
relating	VBG
to	TO
graduate	NN
preparation	NN
,	,
recruitment	NN
,	,
and	CC
career	NN
development	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
tracks	VBZ
IP	NNP
addresses	NNS
to	TO
measure	VB
traffic	NN
on	IN
our	PRP$
sites	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
use	VB
IP	NNP
addresses	NNS
to	TO
determine	VB
any	DT
user	NN
's	POS
identity	NN
.	.
Members	NNS
who	WP
use	VBP
our	PRP$
web	NN
sites	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
accept	VB
cookies	NNS
.	.
A	DT
cookie	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
piece	NN
of	IN
data	NNS
that	WDT
our	PRP$
server	NN
stores	NNS
when	WRB
you	PRP
visit	VBP
our	PRP$
web	NN
sites	NNS
.	.
These	DT
cookies	NNS
save	VB
your	PRP$
password	NN
so	IN
that	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
re-enter	VB
during	IN
your	PRP$
session	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
some	DT
cookies	NNS
coordinate	VBP
banner	NN
advertising	NN
seen	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
web	NN
sites	NNS
.	.
Cookies	NNS
also	RB
track	VBP
the	DT
pages	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
visited	VBN
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
personal	JJ
information	NN
that	IN
a	DT
cookie	NN
contains	VBZ
is	VBZ
information	NN
you	PRP
supply	VBP
.	.
A	DT
cookie	NN
can	MD
not	RB
read	VB
other	JJ
data	NNS
from	IN
your	PRP$
computer	NN
's	POS
hard	JJ
disk	NN
.	.
The	DT
NACE	NNP
web	NN
sites	NNS
,	,
JobWeb	NNP
and	CC
NACEWeb	NNP
,	,
contain	VBP
links	NNS
to	TO
other	JJ
sites	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
privacy	NN
practices	NNS
of	IN
such	JJ
web	NN
sites	NNS
.	.
Inclusion	NN
of	IN
links	NNS
to	TO
an	DT
outside	JJ
web	NN
site	NN
,	,
whether	IN
in	IN
an	DT
advertisement	NN
or	CC
content	JJ
area	NN
of	IN
a	DT
NACE	NNP
web	NN
sites	NNS
,	,
is	VBZ
not	RB
an	DT
endorsement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
outside	JJ
web	NN
site	NN
or	CC
a	DT
guarantee	NN
that	IN
the	DT
information	NN
it	PRP
contains	VBZ
is	VBZ
accurate	JJ
.	.
NACE	NNP
has	VBZ
no	DT
way	NN
of	IN
knowing	VBG
whether	IN
those	DT
advertisers	NNS
use	VBP
cookies	NNS
with	IN
their	PRP$
banner	NN
advertising	NN
and	CC
can	MD
not	RB
guarantee	VB
that	IN
if	IN
you	PRP
click	VBP
on	IN
a	DT
banner	NN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
accept	VB
a	DT
cookie	NN
from	IN
the	DT
advertiser	NN
.	.
You	PRP
should	MD
contact	VB
the	DT
advertiser	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
its	PRP$
polices	NNS
regarding	VBG
use	NN
of	IN
cookies	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
asked	VBN
to	TO
use	VB
an	DT
online	JJ
form	NN
to	TO
request	NN
information	NN
,	,
products	NNS
,	,
and	CC
services	NNS
.	.
These	DT
forms	NNS
typically	RB
ask	VBP
for	IN
contact	NN
information	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
your	PRP$
phone	NN
number	NN
or	CC
e-mail	NN
address	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
unique	JJ
identifiers	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
your	PRP$
NACE	NNP
membership	NN
number	NN
or	CC
account	NN
number	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
financial	JJ
information	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
credit	NN
card	NN
number	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
demographic	JJ
information	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
age	NN
,	,
location	NN
,	,
type	NN
of	IN
organization	NN
,	,
size	NN
of	IN
organization	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Contact	NN
information	NN
from	IN
these	DT
forms	NNS
is	VBZ
used	VBN
to	TO
send	VB
the	DT
products	NNS
,	,
promotional	JJ
materials	NNS
or	CC
membership	NN
information	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
request	VBP
,	,
or	CC
to	TO
register	VB
you	PRP
for	IN
roundtables	NNS
,	,
conferences	NNS
,	,
or	CC
workshops	NNS
.	.
Forms	NNS
on	IN
our	PRP$
site	NN
that	IN
request	NN
financial	JJ
information	NN
do	VBP
so	RB
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
bill	NN
for	IN
products	NNS
or	CC
services	NNS
ordered	VBN
.	.
Unique	JJ
identifiers	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
specifically	RB
,	,
your	PRP$
password	NN
or	CC
member	NN
number	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
collected	VBN
from	IN
members	NNS
to	TO
verify	VB
the	DT
user	NN
's	POS
identity	NN
and	CC
for	IN
use	NN
in	IN
our	PRP$
record	NN
system	NN
.	.
Information	NN
from	IN
these	DT
forms	NNS
is	VBZ
also	RB
used	VBN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
to	TO
send	VB
you	PRP
information	NN
about	IN
products	NNS
,	,
services	NNS
,	,
conferences	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
information	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
if	IN
interest	NN
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
receive	VB
mailings	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
regular	JJ
or	CC
electronic	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
from	IN
NACE	NNP
,	,
please	VB
see	VB
the	DT
``	``
opt-out	NN
''	''
section	NN
below	IN
.	.
NACE	NNP
makes	VBZ
membership	NN
mailing	NN
labels	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
other	JJ
reputable	JJ
organizations	NNS
whose	WP$
products	NNS
or	CC
services	NNS
we	PRP
think	VBP
you	PRP
might	MD
find	VB
interesting	JJ
.	.
The	DT
mailing	NN
labels	NNS
contain	VBP
your	PRP$
name	NN
,	,
organization	NN
,	,
and	CC
postal	JJ
address	NN
.	.
They	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
include	VB
your	PRP$
e-mail	NN
address	NN
,	,
fax	NN
,	,
or	CC
phone	NN
number	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
receive	VB
any	DT
mail	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
regular	JJ
from	IN
any	DT
organization	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
NACE	NNP
sells	VBZ
its	PRP$
membership	NN
mailing	NN
labels	NNS
,	,
please	VB
see	VB
the	DT
``	``
opt-out	NN
''	''
section	NN
below	IN
.	.
NACE	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
provide	VB
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
e-mail	NN
addresses	NNS
,	,
phone	NN
numbers	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
personally	RB
identifiable	JJ
information	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
collects	VBZ
on	IN
its	PRP$
web	NN
sites	NNS
to	TO
any	DT
individual	JJ
or	CC
organization	NN
for	IN
any	DT
purpose	NN
,	,
including	VBG
commercial	JJ
.	.
NACE	NNP
uses	VBZ
the	DT
information	NN
collected	VBN
to	TO
improve	VB
the	DT
content	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
web	NN
sites	NNS
;	:
to	TO
enhance	VB
existing	VBG
products	NNS
,	,
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
member	NN
benefits	NNS
;	:
and	CC
to	TO
plan	VB
for	IN
new	JJ
products	NNS
,	,
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
member	NN
benefits	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
may	MD
also	RB
collect	VB
aggregate	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
which	WDT
pages	NNS
visitors	NNS
access	NN
as	IN
they	PRP
use	VBP
the	DT
NACE	NNP
web	NN
sites	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
makes	VBZ
networking	VBG
and	CC
chat	VB
opportunities	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
our	PRP$
members	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
NACEWeb	NNP
communities	NNS
.	.
Any	DT
information	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
disclosed	VBN
in	IN
these	DT
areas	NNS
becomes	VBZ
public	JJ
information	NN
,	,
and	CC
you	PRP
should	MD
exercise	VB
caution	NN
when	WRB
deciding	VBG
to	TO
disclose	VB
your	PRP$
personal	JJ
information	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
can	MD
not	RB
control	VB
the	DT
acts	NNS
of	IN
its	PRP$
members	NNS
who	WP
use	VBP
the	DT
communities	NNS
feature	VBP
.	.
In	IN
our	PRP$
communities	NNS
section	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
collects	VBZ
all	DT
contact	NN
names	NNS
,	,
e-mail	NN
addresses	NNS
,	,
and	CC
dialogue	NN
.	.
Dialogue	NN
in	IN
the	DT
communities	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
archived	VBN
for	IN
later	RB
retrieval	NN
by	IN
a	DT
NACE	NNP
member	NN
.	.
Messages	NNS
go	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
archives	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
posted	VBN
.	.
NACE	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
edit	VB
discussions	NNS
provided	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
communities	NNS
section	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
may	MD
deem	VB
it	PRP
necessary	JJ
or	CC
appropriate	JJ
from	IN
time	NN
to	TO
time	NN
to	TO
modify	VB
this	DT
privacy	NN
policy	NN
to	TO
reflect	VB
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
way	NN
NACE	NNP
collects	VBZ
or	CC
uses	VBZ
information	NN
or	CC
changes	NNS
in	IN
privacy-related	JJ
laws	NNS
,	,
regulations	NNS
,	,
or	CC
industry	NN
standards	NNS
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
NACE	NNP
reserves	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
change	VB
this	DT
privacy	NN
statement	NN
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
by	IN
posting	VBG
the	DT
revised	VBN
policy	NN
on	IN
this	DT
Site	NN
.	.
Information	NN
will	MD
be	VB
handled	VBN
according	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
privacy	NN
statement	NN
in	IN
effect	NN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
information	NN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
.	.
The	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
provides	VBZ
members	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
take	VB
their	PRP$
names	NNS
and	CC
organizations	NNS
off	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
mailing	NN
list	NN
or	CC
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
membership	NN
mailing	NN
labels	NNS
that	WDT
NACE	NNP
sells	VBZ
to	TO
other	JJ
organizations	NNS
.	.
Members	NNS
can	MD
choose	VB
to	TO
``	``
opt	VB
out	RP
''	''
of	IN
participating	VBG
in	IN
this	DT
function	NN
.	.
The	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NACE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
provides	VBZ
information	NN
and	CC
services	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
Internet	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
benefit	NN
and	CC
service	NN
in	IN
furtherance	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
not-for-profit	JJ
and	CC
tax-exempt	JJ
status	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
makes	VBZ
no	DT
representations	NNS
about	IN
the	DT
suitability	NN
of	IN
this	DT
information	NN
and	CC
these	DT
services	NNS
for	IN
any	DT
purpose	NN
.	.
The	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
advertisements	NNS
and	CC
product	NN
and	CC
service	NN
information	NN
on	IN
JobWeb	NNP
,	,
NACEWeb	NNP
,	,
or	CC
NACElink	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
constitute	VB
an	DT
endorsement	NN
or	CC
favoring	VBG
by	IN
NACE	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
product	NN
or	CC
service	NN
.	.
Neither	DT
has	VBZ
NACE	NNP
investigated	VBD
the	DT
claims	NNS
made	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
advertiser	NN
or	CC
vendor	NN
.	.
Product	NN
and	CC
service	NN
information	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
solely	RB
on	IN
material	NN
received	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
advertiser	NN
or	CC
vendor	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
assumes	VBZ
no	DT
responsibility	NN
and	CC
disclaims	VBZ
any	DT
liability	NN
for	IN
the	DT
consequences	NNS
resulting	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
products	NNS
,	,
services	NNS
,	,
advertiser	NN
,	,
or	CC
vendor	NN
.	.
The	DT
employer	NN
information	NN
on	IN
JobWeb	NNP
,	,
including	VBG
banners	NNS
,	,
company	NN
descriptions	NNS
,	,
or	CC
featured	VBD
employers	NNS
,	,
does	VBZ
not	RB
imply	VB
endorsement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
organizations	NNS
purchasing	VBG
these	DT
services	NNS
,	,
nor	CC
any	DT
association	NN
with	IN
their	PRP$
owners	NNS
or	CC
operators	NNS
.	.
JobWeb	NNP
takes	VBZ
no	DT
responsibility	NN
whatsoever	RB
for	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
,	,
hiring	VBG
,	,
or	CC
employment	NN
practices	NNS
of	IN
these	DT
organizations	NNS
.	.
Any	DT
links	NNS
from	IN
JobWeb.com	NN
to	TO
a	DT
third-party	JJ
web	NN
site	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
offering	VBG
products	NNS
or	CC
services	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
job	NN
seeker	NN
for	IN
a	DT
fee	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
deemed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
an	DT
endoresement	NN
,	,
representative	NN
,	,
or	CC
warranty	NN
of	IN
that	DT
third	JJ
party	NN
.	.
At	IN
certain	JJ
places	NNS
on	IN
JobWeb	NNP
,	,
NACEWeb	NNP
,	,
or	CC
NACElink	NNP
,	,
links	NNS
to	TO
other	JJ
Internet	NNP
addresses	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
accessed	VBN
.	.
Such	JJ
external	JJ
Internet	NNP
addresses	NNS
contain	VBP
information	NN
created	VBN
,	,
published	VBN
,	,
maintained	VBD
,	,
or	CC
otherwise	RB
posted	VBN
by	IN
institutions	NNS
or	CC
organizations	NNS
independent	JJ
of	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
NACE	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
endorse	VB
,	,
approve	VB
,	,
certify	VB
,	,
or	CC
control	VB
those	DT
external	JJ
Internet	NNP
addresses	NNS
and	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
guarantee	VB
the	DT
accuracy	NN
,	,
completeness	NN
,	,
suitability	NN
,	,
or	CC
timeliness	NN
of	IN
information	NN
located	VBN
at	IN
such	JJ
addresses	NNS
.	.
Reference	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
external	JJ
Internet	NNP
site	NN
to	TO
any	DT
specific	JJ
commercial	JJ
product	NN
,	,
process	NN
,	,
or	CC
service	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
constitute	VB
or	CC
imply	VB
endorsement	NN
,	,
recommendation	NN
,	,
or	CC
favoring	VBG
by	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
NACE	NNP
assumes	VBZ
no	DT
responsibility	NN
and	CC
disclaims	VBZ
any	DT
liability	NN
for	IN
the	DT
consequences	NNS
resulting	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
information	NN
obtained	VBN
from	IN
these	DT
linked	VBN
addresses	NNS
.	.
Copying	NNP
and\/or	CC
downloading	VBG
,	,
including	VBG
framing	NN
or	CC
mirroring	NN
,	,
of	IN
any	DT
of	IN
this	DT
information	NN
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
distributing	VBG
it	PRP
to	TO
others	NNS
is	VBZ
prohibited	VBN
without	IN
the	DT
specific	JJ
written	VBN
permission	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
All	DT
other	JJ
rights	NNS
are	VBP
reserved	VBN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
Any	DT
individual	JJ
making	VBG
unauthorized	JJ
copies	NNS
or	CC
downloading	VBG
any	DT
NACE	NNP
material	NN
will	MD
be	VB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
penalties	NNS
as	IN
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
the	DT
federal	JJ
and	CC
state	NN
copyright	NN
laws	NNS
.	.
Linking	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
information	NN
contained	VBN
on	IN
JobWeb	NNP
,	,
with	IN
written	VBN
permission	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
considered	VBN
a	DT
permissible	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
information	NN
.	.
Links	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
are	VBP
permitted	VBN
with	IN
permission	NN
.	.
Links	NNP
to	TO
materials	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
password-protected	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
are	VBP
not	RB
allowed	VBN
.	.
Linking	VBG
to	TO
NACElink	NNP
is	VBZ
limited	VBN
to	TO
employers	NNS
,	,
students	NNS
,	,
and	CC
schools	NNS
only	RB
.	.
Third-party	JJ
recruiters	NNS
and	CC
temporary	JJ
agenices	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
link	VB
to	TO
NACElink	NNP
.	.
NACE	NNP
reserves	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
revoke	VB
permission	NN
to	TO
link	VB
to	TO
any	DT
or	CC
all	DT
web	NN
sites	NNS
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
,	,
contact	NN
Claudia	NNP
Allen	NNP
,	,
permissions	NNS
editor	NN
,	,
at	IN
callen@naceweb.org	NN
.	.
When	WRB
using	VBG
JobWeb	NNP
,	,
NACEWeb	NNP
,	,
or	CC
NACElink	NNP
links	NNS
to	TO
go	VB
to	TO
external	JJ
internet	NN
sites	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
must	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
copyright	NN
notice	NN
and	CC
policy	NN
provided	VBN
at	IN
those	DT
web	NN
sites	NNS
.	.
Any	DT
copying	NN
and\/or	CC
downloading	VBG
of	IN
copyright	NN
material	NN
found	VBD
at	IN
those	DT
sites	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
with	IN
express	JJ
written	VBN
permission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
person	NN
or	CC
organization	NN
that	WDT
owns	VBZ
the	DT
copyright	NN
.	.
The	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
expects	VBZ
all	DT
staff	NN
members	NNS
and	CC
web	NN
page	NN
authors	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
aware	JJ
of	IN
how	WRB
intellectual	JJ
property	NN
laws	NNS
and	CC
policies	NNS
apply	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
electronic	JJ
environment	NN
and	CC
to	TO
respect	VB
the	DT
intellectual	JJ
property	NN
of	IN
others	NNS
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
NACE	NNP
has	VBZ
advised	VBN
all	DT
of	IN
its	PRP$
users	NNS
and	CC
subscribers	NNS
that	WDT
copyrighted	VBD
or	CC
trademarked	VBN
information	NN
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
JobWeb	NNP
,	,
NACEWeb	NNP
,	,
or	CC
NACElink	NNP
.	.
Neither	DT
staff	NN
members	NNS
,	,
subscribers	NNS
,	,
nor	CC
users	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
JobWeb	NNP
,	,
NACEWeb	NNP
,	,
or	CC
NACElink	NNP
are	VBP
permitted	VBN
to	TO
post	VB
,	,
publish	VB
,	,
or	CC
in	IN
any	DT
manner	NN
place	NN
copyrighted	VBN
or	CC
trademarked	VBN
information	NN
of	IN
others	NNS
on	IN
JobWeb	NNP
,	,
NACEWeb	NNP
,	,
or	CC
NACElink	NNP
without	IN
the	DT
express	JJ
,	,
written	VBN
permission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
copyright	NN
holder	NN
.	.
The	DT
Digital	NNP
Millennium	NNP
Copyright	NNP
Act	NNP
establishes	VBZ
a	DT
limitation	NN
of	IN
liability	NN
for	IN
infringement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
copyright	NN
laws	NNS
for	IN
Internet	NNP
service	NN
providers	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
In	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
that	DT
law	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
has	VBZ
designated	VBN
an	DT
agent	NN
to	TO
receive	VB
statutory	JJ
notices	NNS
from	IN
copyright	NN
owners	NNS
about	IN
infringement	NN
.	.
A	DT
statement	NN
,	,
in	IN
writing	VBG
and	CC
signed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
owner	NN
of	IN
the	DT
copyrighted	VBN
work	NN
or	CC
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
agent	NN
,	,
stating	VBG
that	IN
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
copyright	NN
owner	NN
of	IN
the	DT
information	NN
.	.
This	DT
must	MD
be	VB
sent	VBN
by	IN
regular	JJ
mail	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
not	RB
fax	NN
or	CC
e-mail	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
NACE	NNP
's	POS
agent	NN
.	.
All	DT
Jobwire	NNP
ads	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
prepaid	VBN
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
pay	VB
online	NN
with	IN
a	DT
credit	NN
card	NN
through	IN
our	PRP$
secure	JJ
payment	NN
site	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
https://store.naceweb.org/jobwire/default.aspx	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
you	PRP
may	MD
fax	NN
or	CC
phone	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
credit	NN
card	NN
payment	NN
information	NN
.	.
Assistant	NNP
Director	NNP
will	MD
oversee	VB
:	:
employer	NN
relations	NNS
,	,
on-campus	JJ
recruiting	NN
,	,
and	CC
experiential	JJ
learning	NN
.	.
This	DT
position	NN
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
establishing	VBG
and	CC
maintaining	VBG
employer	NN
partnerships	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
recruitment	NN
strategies	NNS
and	CC
programs	NNS
on	IN
campus	NN
,	,
presents	VBZ
information	NN
to	TO
various	JJ
groups	NNS
on	IN
career-related	JJ
topics	NNS
and	CC
hiring	VBG
trends	NNS
,	,
and	CC
provides	VBZ
individual	JJ
consultation	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
exploring	VBG
career	NN
options	NNS
and	CC
experiential	JJ
learning	NN
opportunities	NNS
.	.
Master	NNP
of	IN
Science	NNP
in	IN
Finance	NNP
Program	NNP
.	.
This	DT
person	NN
will	MD
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
promoting	VBG
the	DT
MSF	NNP
program	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
graduates	NNS
to	TO
companies	NNS
,	,
developing	VBG
contacts	NNS
to	TO
facilitate	VB
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
and	CC
placements	NNS
for	IN
finance	NN
graduate	NN
students	NNS
,	,
and	CC
preparing	VBG
students	NNS
for	IN
employment	NN
.	.
The	DT
position	NN
prefers	VBZ
a	DT
Masters	NNP
Degree	NNP
in	IN
Counseling	NN
,	,
Student	NNP
Personnel	NNP
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
related	JJ
field	NN
and	CC
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
years	NNS
experience	NN
with	IN
career	NN
planning	NN
,	,
internships	NNS
,	,
human	JJ
resources	NNS
or	CC
related	VBN
program	NN
administration	NN
.	.
The	DT
position	NN
also	RB
requires	VBZ
strong	JJ
written	VBN
and	CC
oral	JJ
communication	NN
,	,
organizational	JJ
,	,
interpersonal	JJ
and	CC
computer	NN
skills	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
build	VB
positive	JJ
rapport	NN
with	IN
students	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
administration	NN
,	,
staff	NN
,	,
alumni	NNS
and	CC
employers	NNS
.	.
Reporting	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Director	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Assistant	NNP
Director	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
advising	VBG
undergraduate	JJ
students	NNS
from	IN
all	DT
majors	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
School	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Arts	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
except	IN
Writing	VBG
Literature	NN
and	CC
Publishing	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
on	IN
career	NN
development	NN
issues	NNS
and	CC
contribute	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
direction	NN
of	IN
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
and	CC
development	NN
of	IN
the	DT
team	NN
.	.
Specific	JJ
duties	NNS
include	VBP
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
Advise	VB
undergraduate	JJ
students	NNS
on	IN
career	NN
development	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
provide	VBP
walk-in	NN
advising	VBG
for	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
as	IN
scheduled	VBN
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
collaborate	VBP
with	IN
team	NN
members	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
and	CC
student	NN
organizations	NNS
to	TO
plan	VB
,	,
publicize	VB
,	,
and	CC
implement	VB
career	NN
and	CC
industry	NN
related	JJ
programs	NNS
,	,
panels	NNS
,	,
speakers	NNS
,	,
workshops	NNS
,	,
site	NN
visits	NNS
,	,
and	CC
events	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
educate	VB
constituents	NNS
about	IN
career	NN
options	NNS
and	CC
industry	NN
issues\/trends	NNS
,	,
and	CC
connect	VB
them	PRP
with	IN
industry	NN
professionals	NNS
and	CC
organizations	NNS
;	:
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
Collaborate	VB
with	IN
team	NN
members	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
,	,
implement	VB
,	,
and\/or	CC
assist	VB
with	IN
major	JJ
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
initiatives	VBZ
;	:
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
Present	JJ
standing	NN
workshops	NNS
on	IN
various	JJ
career	NN
related	VBN
topics	NNS
and	CC
contribute	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
,	,
and	CC
present	JJ
workshops	NNS
on	IN
,	,
new	JJ
topics	NNS
,	,
as	IN
needed	VBN
;	:
5	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
Cultivate	VB
and	CC
maintain	VB
relationships	NNS
with	IN
alumni	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
student	NN
organizations	NNS
,	,
Emerson	NNP
College	NNP
staff	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
constituents	NNS
to	TO
support	VB
advising	VBG
and	CC
programming	VBG
efforts	NNS
;	:
6	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Maintain	VB
relevant	JJ
listservs	NNS
and	CC
career	NN
resources	NNS
for	IN
career	NN
library	NN
and	CC
web	NN
site	NN
;	:
7	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Participate	NNP
in	IN
division-wide	JJ
and	CC
all	DT
campus	NN
events	NNS
;	:
8	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
Stay	NNP
abreast	IN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
relevant	JJ
industry	NN
news	NN
and	CC
information	NN
and	CC
update	VB
colleagues	NNS
and	CC
constituents	NNS
as	IN
appropriate	JJ
;	:
9	CD
Assist	NN
in	IN
preparation	NN
of	IN
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
reports	NNS
;	:
and	CC
10	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
perform	VB
other	JJ
duties	NNS
as	IN
assigned	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Massachusetts	NNP
Institute	NNP
of	IN
Technology	NNP
is	VBZ
committed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
principle	NN
of	IN
equal	JJ
opportunity	NN
in	IN
education	NN
and	CC
employment	NN
.	.
The	DT
Institute	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
discriminate	JJ
against	IN
individuals	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
race	NN
,	,
color	NN
,	,
sex	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
orientation	NN
,	,
gender	NN
identity	NN
,	,
religion	NN
,	,
disability	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
veteran	NN
status	NN
,	,
ancestry	NN
,	,
or	CC
national	JJ
or	CC
ethnic	JJ
origin	NN
in	IN
the	DT
administration	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
educational	JJ
policies	NNS
,	,
admissions	NNS
policies	NNS
,	,
employment	NN
policies	NNS
,	,
scholarship	NN
and	CC
loan	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
Institute	NNP
administered	VBD
programs	NNS
and	CC
activities	NNS
,	,
but	CC
may	MD
favor	VB
US	NNP
citizens	NNS
or	CC
residents	NNS
in	IN
admissions	NNS
and	CC
financial	JJ
aid	NN
.	.
MBA	NNP
students	NNS
.	.
Duties	NNS
include	VBP
the	DT
creation	NN
and	CC
delivery	NN
of	IN
career	NN
seminars	NNS
for	IN
both	DT
large	JJ
and	CC
small	JJ
groups	NNS
,	,
advising	VBG
students	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
one-to-one	JJ
basis	NN
,	,
and	CC
acting	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
cohort	NN
manager	NN
for	IN
1.5	CD
cohorts	NNS
of	IN
first	JJ
year	NN
students	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
approximately	RB
ninety	CD
students	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Will	NNP
also	RB
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
creation	NN
,	,
distribution	NN
,	,
collection	NN
,	,
and	CC
analysis	NN
of	IN
evaluations	NNS
of	IN
career	NN
education	NN
programming	NN
and	CC
advising	VBG
;	:
developing	VBG
and	CC
delivering	VBG
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
,	,
timely	JJ
,	,
and	CC
relevant	JJ
career	NN
education	NN
program	NN
;	:
supporting	VBG
two	CD
to	TO
three	CD
job	NN
function\/industry	NN
student	NN
clubs	NNS
to	TO
create	VB
and	CC
deliver	VB
focused	VBN
workshops	NNS
;	:
advising	VBG
students	NNS
regarding	VBG
resumes	NNS
and	CC
cover	VB
letters	NNS
,	,
interview	NN
preparation	NN
,	,
and	CC
job	NN
negotiations	NNS
;	:
addressing	VBG
the	DT
emotional	JJ
needs	NNS
and	CC
stresses	VBZ
of	IN
highly	RB
motivated	VBN
business	NN
professionals	NNS
experiencing	VBG
career	NN
transitions	NNS
.	.
Experience	NN
in	IN
the	DT
creation	NN
,	,
distribution	NN
,	,
and	CC
analysis	NN
of	IN
surveys	NNS
needed	VBN
.	.
Computer	NN
and	CC
web	NN
literacy	NN
necessary	JJ
,	,
including	VBG
experience	NN
with	IN
database	NN
creation	NN
and	CC
maintenance	NN
,	,
spreadsheet	NN
analysis	NN
,	,
word	NN
processing	NN
,	,
presentation	NN
preparation	NN
,	,
and	CC
survey	NN
software	NN
.	.
Must	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
flexible	JJ
hours	NNS
and	CC
occasionally	RB
travel	NN
.	.
Minimum	NNP
Qualifications	NNPS
:	:
Master	NNP
's	POS
degree	NN
in	IN
an	DT
appropriate	JJ
area	NN
of	IN
specialization	NN
and	CC
four	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
appropriate	JJ
experience	NN
;	:
or	CC
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
in	IN
an	DT
appropriate	JJ
area	NN
of	IN
specialization	NN
and	CC
six	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
appropriate	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
Doctorate	NN
is	VBZ
preferred	VBN
.	.
Must	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
set	VB
priorities	NNS
and	CC
meet	VB
deadlines	NNS
.	.
Experience	NN
in	IN
the	DT
creation	NN
,	,
distribution	NN
,	,
and	CC
analysis	NN
of	IN
surveys	NNS
needed	VBN
.	.
Prefer	NNP
National	NNP
Certified	NNP
Counselor	NNP
.	.
Experience	NN
in	IN
providing	VBG
career	NN
counseling	NN
and	CC
coaching	NN
in	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
education	NN
setting	VBG
a	DT
plus	NN
.	.
The	DT
search	NN
will	MD
remain	VB
open	JJ
until	IN
the	DT
position	NN
is	VBZ
filled	VBN
.	.
Master	NNP
's	POS
Degree	NN
required	VBN
.	.
Knowledge	NN
of	IN
effective	JJ
techniques	NNS
and	CC
resources	NNS
for	IN
advising	VBG
students	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
in	IN
making	VBG
career-related	JJ
decisions	NNS
.	.
Knowledge	NN
of	IN
performance	NN
management	NN
for	IN
direct	JJ
reports	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
providing	VBG
appropriate	JJ
feedback	NN
,	,
and	CC
maintaining	VBG
the	DT
policies	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
office	NN
.	.
Ability	NN
to	TO
collaborate	VB
and	CC
develop	VB
rapport	NN
with	IN
students	NNS
,	,
alumni	NNS
,	,
academic	JJ
units	NNS
,	,
staff	NN
and	CC
faculty	NN
.	.
Ability	NN
to	TO
effectively	RB
communicate	VB
to	TO
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
audiences	NNS
using	VBG
excellent	JJ
writing	NN
,	,
marketing	NN
and	CC
presentation	NN
skills	NNS
.	.
Computer	NNP
literacy	NN
,	,
including	VBG
knowledge	NN
of	IN
Microsoft	NNP
Word	NNP
,	,
Excel	NNP
,	,
Powerpoint	NNP
,	,
Lotus	NNP
Notes	NNP
and	CC
Interfase	NNP
career	NN
software	NN
.	.
Prior	RB
leadership	NN
and	CC
management	NN
experience	NN
a	DT
plus	NN
.	.
Associate	NNP
Director	NNP
,	,
Career	NNP
Dev	NNP
.	.
Office	NNP
,	,
Pomona	NNP
College	NNP
,	,
Claremont	NNP
,	,
CaliforniaPomona	NNP
College	NNP
,	,
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
top	JJ
10	CD
liberal	JJ
arts	NNS
colleges	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
,	,
seeks	VBZ
qualified	VBN
candidates	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
Associate	NNP
Director	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
Career	NNP
Development	NNP
Office	NNP
.	.
The	DT
college	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
30	CD
miles	NNS
east	JJ
of	IN
Downtown	NN
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
city	NN
of	IN
Claremont	NNP
.	.
Pomona	NNP
College	NNP
offers	VBZ
a	DT
strong	JJ
benefits	NNS
package	NN
,	,
a	DT
beautiful	JJ
campus	NN
,	,
and	CC
ample	JJ
resources	NNS
.	.
The	DT
incumbent	JJ
will	MD
design	VB
and	CC
deliver	VB
customized	VBN
career-related	JJ
workshops	NNS
and	CC
programs	NNS
.	.
Coordinate	VB
and	CC
staff	NN
career-related	JJ
events	NNS
with	IN
students	NNS
,	,
alumni	NNS
,	,
and	CC
employers	NNS
.	.
Provide	VB
career	NN
counseling	NN
regarding	VBG
career	NN
options	NNS
,	,
goal	NN
setting	NN
,	,
career	NN
research	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
job	NN
search	NN
process	NN
.	.
Manage	VB
and	CC
direct	VB
the	DT
Career	NNP
Fellows	NNPS
Program	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
peer-career-advising	JJ
program	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Assist	VB
in	IN
training	NN
and	CC
supervising	VBG
Graduate	NN
Interns	NNPS
.	.
Write	VB
and	CC
produce	VB
office	NN
publications	NNS
.	.
Contact	NN
prospective	JJ
recruiters	NNS
and	CC
internship	NN
sponsors	NNS
regarding	VBG
hiring	VBG
Pomona	NNP
students	NNS
.	.
Supervise	VB
student	NN
staff	NN
.	.
Develop	VB
and	CC
present	VB
career	NN
and	CC
graduate	JJ
school	NN
related	VBN
workshops	NNS
.	.
Pomona	NNP
College	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
Equal	NNP
Opportunity	NNP
Employer	NNP
and	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
discriminate	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
race	NN
,	,
color	NN
,	,
creed	NN
,	,
place	NN
of	IN
national	JJ
origin	NN
,	,
sex	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
orientation	NN
or	CC
physical	JJ
handicap	NN
in	IN
its	PRP$
employment	NN
practices	NNS
and	CC
in	IN
admission	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
to	TO
educational	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
activities	NNS
,	,
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
Title	NNP
IX	CD
of	IN
the	DT
Education	NNP
Amendments	NNP
of	IN
1972	CD
and	CC
other	JJ
applicable	JJ
laws	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Associate	NNP
Director	NNP
will	MD
work	VB
closely	RB
with	IN
the	DT
Director	NNP
of	IN
Career	NNP
Partnerships	NNS
to	TO
expand	VB
the	DT
range	NN
of	IN
internship	NN
and	CC
full-time	JJ
job	NN
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
,	,
with	IN
a	DT
special	JJ
emphasis	NN
on	IN
arts	NNS
and	CC
sciences	NNS
majors	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Associate	NNP
Director	NNP
will	MD
also	RB
work	VB
collaboratively	RB
with	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
key	JJ
stakeholders	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
alumni	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
faculty	NN
.	.
The	DT
Associate	NNP
Director	NNP
will	MD
develop	VB
and	CC
implement	VB
a	DT
four-year	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
interactive	JJ
educational	JJ
programming	NN
that	WDT
utilizes	VBZ
alumni	NNS
,	,
parent	NN
,	,
and	CC
faculty	NN
partners	NNS
and	CC
that	IN
respects	VBZ
the	DT
year-by-year	JJ
change	NN
in	IN
student	NN
perspective	NN
and	CC
priorities	NNS
.	.
Minimum	NNP
qualifications	NNS
include	VBP
a	DT
Master	NNP
's	POS
degree	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Humanities	NNPS
or	CC
a	DT
related	JJ
discipline	NN
;	:
3	LS
-	:
5	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
related	JJ
professional	JJ
experience	NN
,	,
preferably	RB
in	IN
non-profit	JJ
or	CC
philanthropic	JJ
organizations	NNS
;	:
prior	RB
supervisory	JJ
experience	NN
;	:
strong	JJ
organization	NN
skills	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
equally	RB
strong	JJ
results	NNS
orientation	NN
;	:
outstanding	JJ
interpersonal	JJ
and	CC
communication	NN
skills	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
create	VB
buy	NN
-	:
in	IN
among	IN
constituents	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
common	JJ
vision	NN
;	:
demonstrated	VBD
success	NN
in	IN
creating	VBG
and	CC
managing	VBG
partnerships	NNS
;	:
and	CC
excellent	JJ
judgment	NN
.	.
The	DT
Associate	NNP
Director	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
thoroughly	RB
familiar	JJ
with	IN
trends	NNS
,	,
approaches	NNS
,	,
and	CC
tools	NNS
for	IN
successfully	RB
delivering	VBG
career	NN
coaching	NN
.	.
Initiative	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
willingness	NN
to	TO
go	VB
the	DT
extra	JJ
step	NN
for	IN
both	DT
internal	JJ
and	CC
external	JJ
constituents	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
.	.
The	DT
successful	JJ
candidate	NN
will	MD
bring	VB
to	TO
this	DT
position	NN
a	DT
positive	JJ
approach	NN
;	:
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
manage	VB
multiple	JJ
tasks	NNS
simultaneously	RB
;	:
the	DT
capability	NN
to	TO
plan	VB
goals	NNS
and	CC
achieve	VB
them	PRP
;	:
and	CC
the	DT
flexibility	NN
to	TO
take	VB
risks	NNS
and	CC
change	VB
course	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
data	NNS
.	.
Application	NN
procedures	NNS
--	:
Individuals	NNS
who	WP
possess	VBP
all	DT
required	VBN
qualifications	NNS
as	IN
listed	VBN
above	RB
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
apply	VB
.	.
Qualified	VBN
applicants	NNS
are	VBP
asked	VBN
to	TO
submit	VB
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
a	DT
cover	NN
letter	NN
which	WDT
references	NNS
this	DT
position	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
one	CD
copy	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
resume	VB
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
contact	NN
information	NN
for	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
professional	JJ
references	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
their	PRP$
current	JJ
or	CC
most	RBS
recent	JJ
employer	NN
,	,
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
salary	NN
requirements	NNS
.	.
Service	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
enhancement	NN
and	CC
establishment	NN
of	IN
an	DT
innovative	JJ
career	NN
development	NN
and	CC
management	NN
model	NN
for	IN
the	DT
College	NNP
of	IN
Engineering	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Associate	NNP
Director	NNP
contributes	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
leadership	NN
and	CC
vision	NN
by	IN
establishing	VBG
practices	NNS
that	WDT
heighten	VBP
the	DT
awareness	NN
of	IN
the	DT
services	NNS
and	CC
resources	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
office	NN
.	.
This	DT
position	NN
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
administering	VBG
three	CD
essential	JJ
areas	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
schools\/colleges	NNS
assigned	VBN
:	:
career	NN
development	NN
,	,
experiential	JJ
learning	NN
;	:
and	CC
employer	NN
development	NN
.	.
The	DT
Associate	NNP
Director	NNP
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
marketing	NN
and	CC
establishing	VBG
partnerships	NNS
with	IN
faculty	NN
,	,
staff	NN
,	,
and	CC
academic	JJ
units	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
in	IN
developing	VBG
relationships	NNS
to	TO
enhance	VB
programs	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
within	IN
his\/her	NN
assigned	VBN
liaison	NN
roles	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Associate	NNP
Director	NNP
will	MD
manage	VB
daily	JJ
student	NN
program	NN
operations	NNS
,	,
meet	VBP
with	IN
students	NNS
in	IN
individual	JJ
and	CC
group	NN
settings	NNS
,	,
develop	VB
program	NN
policy\/procedure	NN
,	,
conduct	NN
program	NN
assessment	NN
and	CC
evaluation	NN
,	,
and	CC
participate	VB
in	IN
strategic	JJ
planning	NN
.	.
Collaboratively	RB
set	VBN
career	NN
goals	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
dean	NN
,	,
assistant\/associate	JJ
deans	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
and	CC
school\/college-based	JJ
staff	NN
.	.
Desired	JJ
Qualifications	NNS
:	:
The	DT
ideal	JJ
candidate	NN
must	MD
have	VB
at	IN
least	JJS
a	DT
Master	NNP
's	POS
degree	NN
in	IN
business	NN
,	,
engineering	NN
,	,
liberal	JJ
arts	NNS
,	,
or	CC
education	NN
;	:
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
four	CD
years	NNS
experience	NN
in	IN
a	DT
college	NN
or	CC
university	NN
Career	NNP
Services	NNP
office	NN
or	CC
equivalent	NN
;	:
ability	NN
to	TO
conduct	VB
employer	NN
development	NN
,	,
understanding	NN
of	IN
career	NN
development	NN
;	:
and	CC
ability	NN
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
a	DT
diverse	JJ
population	NN
.	.
Expansive	JJ
work	NN
experience	NN
in	IN
developing	VBG
career	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
activities	NNS
;	:
working	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
team	NN
environment	NN
;	:
use	NN
of	IN
internet	NN
,	,
word	NN
processing	NN
,	,
spreadsheet	NN
,	,
database	NN
,	,
and	CC
presentation	NN
software	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
career	NN
counseling	NN
,	,
responsibilities	NNS
include	VBP
teaching	NN
career	NN
development	NN
and	CC
student	NN
success	NN
classes	NNS
,	,
administering	VBG
and	CC
interpreting	VBG
career	NN
assessments	NNS
,	,
conducting	VBG
campus	NN
outreach	NN
,	,
supporting	VBG
ACCS	NNP
programs	NNS
as	IN
appropriate	JJ
,	,
and	CC
managing	VBG
the	DT
non-credit	JJ
internship	NN
program	NN
.	.
Looking	VBG
for	IN
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
play	VB
a	DT
key	JJ
role	NN
in	IN
shaping	VBG
the	DT
future	JJ
direction	NN
and	CC
growth	NN
of	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
company	NN
in	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
fastest	JJS
growing	VBG
industries	NNS
?	.
Have	VBP
a	DT
passion	NN
for	IN
helping	VBG
people	NNS
change	VBP
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
through	IN
education	NN
?	.
Ensures	VBZ
the	DT
Career	NNP
Services	NNP
System	NNP
operates	VBZ
efficiently	RB
and	CC
meets	VBZ
the	DT
current	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
key	JJ
stakeholders	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
students	NNS
,	,
employers	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
support	NN
operations	NNS
,	,
regulatory	JJ
and	CC
corporate	JJ
requirements	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
offer	VBP
a	DT
competitive	JJ
salary	NN
,	,
employee	NN
relocation	NN
assistance	NN
,	,
401	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
k	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
group	NN
medical	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
the	DT
new	JJ
Health	NNP
Savings	NNPS
Account	NNP
option	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
dental	JJ
and	CC
vision	NN
coverage	NN
,	,
flexible	JJ
spending	NN
accounts	NNS
,	,
a	DT
tuition	NN
discount	NN
program	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
family	NN
members	NNS
,	,
employee	NN
tuition	NN
reimbursement	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
fitness	NN
center	NN
,	,
just	RB
to	TO
name	VB
a	DT
few	JJ
.	.
At	IN
least	JJS
3-5	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
extensive	JJ
,	,
related	JJ
university-level	JJ
career	NN
office	NN
and\/or	CC
corporate	JJ
college\/university	NN
relations	NNS
experience	NN
.	.
Demonstrated	JJ
experience	NN
working	VBG
effectively	RB
with	IN
business	NN
sector	NN
employers	NNS
.	.
Outstanding	JJ
interpersonal	NN
,	,
analytical	JJ
and	CC
problem-solving	JJ
skills	NNS
.	.
Demonstrated	VBN
ability	NN
to	TO
work	VB
independently	RB
and	CC
creatively	RB
.	.
Supporting	VBG
our	PRP$
new	JJ
College	NNP
Relations	NNP
Initiative	NNP
under	IN
the	DT
direction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Director	NNP
,	,
Workforce	NNP
Planning	NNP
,	,
this	DT
position	NN
will	MD
research	VB
,	,
design	NN
,	,
implement	VB
and	CC
manage	VB
the	DT
Blue	NNP
Cross	NNP
Blue	NNP
Shield	NNP
of	IN
Massachusetts	NNP
College	NNP
Relations	NNP
Program	NNP
.	.
The	DT
college	NN
relations	NNS
program	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
key	JJ
component	NN
of	IN
the	DT
workforce	NN
planning	NN
process	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
critical	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
company	NN
's	POS
diversity	NN
strategy	NN
and	CC
succession	NN
planning	NN
.	.
This	DT
position	NN
will	MD
have	VB
one	CD
direct	JJ
report	NN
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
budget	NN
of	IN
approximately	RB
$	$
100,000	CD
annually	RB
.	.
Establish	VB
criteria	NNS
for	IN
appropriate	JJ
school	NN
partnerships	NNS
and	CC
develop	VB
relationship	NN
models	NNS
.	.
Leverage	NN
existing	VBG
relationships	NNS
by	IN
building	VBG
internal	JJ
networks	NNS
that	WDT
connect	VBP
business	NN
leaders	NNS
,	,
HR	NNP
and	CC
formal	JJ
programs	NNS
together	RB
.	.
Manage	VB
the	DT
execution	NN
of	IN
all	DT
campus	NN
recruiting	NN
activities	NNS
for	IN
professional	JJ
staff	NN
including	VBG
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
university	NN
relations	NNS
,	,
communication	NN
materials	NNS
,	,
resume	VB
screening	VBG
,	,
on-campus	JJ
events	NNS
,	,
interviewing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
offer	NN
process	NN
.	.
Business	NN
.	.
Provide	VB
individual\/group	JJ
career	NN
coaching	NN
and	CC
programming	NN
including	VBG
workshops	NNS
,	,
industry	NN
panels	NNS
,	,
and	CC
presentations	NNS
on	IN
career	NN
education	NN
topics	NNS
targeted	VBN
toward	IN
assigned	VBN
students	NNS
from	IN
College	NNP
of	IN
Business	NNP
.	.
The	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Tennessee	NNP
,	,
Knoxville	NNP
,	,
in	IN
its	PRP$
efforts	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
a	DT
welcoming	VBG
environment	NN
for	IN
all	DT
persons	NNS
,	,
does	VBZ
not	RB
discriminate	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
sexual	JJ
orientation	NN
in	IN
its	PRP$
campus-based	JJ
programs	NNS
,	,
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
activities	NNS
.	.
Inquiries	NNS
and	CC
complaints	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
directed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Equity	NNP
and	CC
Diversity	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
\/	VBP
College	NNP
of	IN
Engineering	NNP
Consultant	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
direction	NN
and	CC
coaching	NN
for	IN
engineering	NN
students	NNS
.	.
This	DT
position	NN
will	MD
work	VB
primarily	RB
with	IN
UT	NNP
students	NNS
and	CC
faculty	NN
in	IN
the	DT
College	NNP
of	IN
Engineering	NNP
.	.
The	DT
position	NN
will	MD
also	RB
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
build	VB
long	JJ
term	NN
relationships	NNS
with	IN
employers	NNS
interested	JJ
in	IN
hiring	VBG
students	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
College	NNP
of	IN
Engineering	NNP
.	.
The	DT
position	NN
reports	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
Director	NNP
of	IN
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
.	.
Fifty-three	CD
majors	NNS
are	VBP
offered	VBN
by	IN
25	CD
departments	NNS
and	CC
11	CD
programs	NNS
.	.
Consistently	RB
ranked	VBD
among	IN
the	DT
top	JJ
liberal	JJ
arts	NNS
colleges	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
country	NN
,	,
Colby	NNP
follows	VBZ
a	DT
4-1-4	JJ
academic	JJ
calendar	NN
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
month	NN
of	IN
January	NNP
devoted	JJ
to	TO
intensive	JJ
study	NN
.	.
Review	NNP
of	IN
applications	NNS
will	MD
begin	VB
on	IN
February	NNP
19	CD
,	,
2007	CD
and	CC
will	MD
continue	VB
until	IN
the	DT
position	NN
is	VBZ
filled	VBN
.	.
A	DT
resume	VB
with	IN
an	DT
accompanying	VBG
cover	NN
letter	NN
may	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
via	IN
the	DT
SJG	NNP
website	NN
at	IN
www.spelmanandjohnson.com	NN
under	IN
the	DT
link	NN
Open	NNP
Positions	NNP
.	.
Colby	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
Equal	NNP
Opportunity\/Affirmative	NNP
Action	NNP
employer	NN
,	,
committed	VBN
to	TO
excellence	NN
through	IN
diversity	NN
,	,
and	CC
strongly	RB
encourages	VBZ
applications	NNS
and	CC
nominations	NNS
of	IN
persons	NNS
of	IN
color	NN
,	,
women	NNS
,	,
and	CC
members	NNS
of	IN
other	JJ
under-represented	JJ
groups	NNS
.	.
Ensure	VB
that	DT
appropriate	JJ
supervision	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
direct	JJ
supervisors	NNS
of	IN
paraprofessional	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
student	NN
staff	NN
members	NNS
.	.
Seek	VB
to	TO
have	VB
all	DT
staff	NN
consistently	RB
give	VB
high-quality	JJ
efforts	NNS
,	,
in	IN
a	DT
cohesive	JJ
manner	NN
.	.
Office	NNP
.	.
Collaborate	VB
with	IN
that	DT
staff	NN
,	,
alumni	NNS
Bear	NNP
Career	NNP
Network	NNP
volunteers	NNS
and	CC
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
colleges	NNS
Advisory	NNP
Boards	NNPS
.	.
A	DT
focus	NN
of	IN
this	DT
effort	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
further	JJ
assist	VB
with	IN
activities	NNS
which	WDT
can	MD
result	VB
in	IN
professional	JJ
career	NN
networking	VBG
relationships	NNS
developing	VBG
between	IN
alumni\/board	JJ
members	NNS
and	CC
current	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Director	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
full-time	JJ
,	,
12-month	JJ
position	NN
.	.
The	DT
standard	JJ
work	NN
schedule	NN
will	MD
be	VB
8	CD
am	VBP
5	CD
pm	NN
,	,
M-F	NNP
.	.
Depending	VBG
upon	IN
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
office	NN
,	,
division	NN
and\/or	CC
institution	NN
,	,
the	DT
director	NN
will	MD
be	VB
expected	VBN
to	TO
work	VB
occasional	JJ
evenings	NNS
and\/or	CC
weekends	NNS
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
professional	JJ
staff	NN
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
division	NN
,	,
the	DT
director	NN
serves	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Student	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
Response	NNP
Team	NNP
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
the	DT
director	NN
is	VBZ
on-call	JJ
some	DT
week-ends	NNS
,	,
in	IN
case	NN
an	DT
emergency	NN
transpires	VBZ
on	IN
campus	NN
.	.
The	DT
Director	NNP
of	IN
Career	NNP
Services	NNP
Center	NNP
reports	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
Dean	NNP
of	IN
Students	NNS
and	CC
works	VBZ
collaboratively	RB
with	IN
division	NN
of	IN
Student	NNP
Development	NNP
staff	NN
,	,
academic	JJ
departments	NNS
and	CC
faculty	NN
,	,
and	CC
external	JJ
employers	NNS
.	.
CSC	NNP
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
five	CD
departments	NNS
in	IN
UAA	NNP
's	POS
new	JJ
student	NN
development	NN
division	NN
,	,
which	WDT
in	IN
turn	NN
is	VBZ
part	NN
of	IN
UAA	NNP
's	POS
larger	JJR
student	NN
affairs	NNS
family	NN
.	.
CSC	NNP
coordinates	VBZ
UAA	NNP
's	POS
student	NN
internship	NN
program	NN
,	,
on-campus	JJ
employer	NN
recruitment	NN
efforts	NNS
,	,
a	DT
career	NN
resource	NN
library	NN
,	,
and	CC
provides	VBZ
career	NN
advising	VBG
for	IN
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
must	MD
posses	VB
skills	NNS
in	IN
management	NN
and	CC
leadership	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
the	DT
professional	JJ
credentials	NNS
and	CC
experience	NN
to	TO
supervise	VB
professional	JJ
and	CC
support	NN
staff	NN
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
must	MD
provide	VB
a	DT
leadership	NN
role	NN
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
mission	NN
statement	NN
and	CC
program	NN
goals	NNS
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
should	MD
participate	VB
in	IN
institutional	JJ
decisions	NNS
about	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
'	POS
objectives	NNS
and	CC
policies	NNS
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
must	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
prepare	VB
and	CC
maintain	VB
annual	JJ
budgets	NNS
in	IN
alignment	NN
with	IN
the	DT
mission	NN
goals	NNS
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
must	MD
posses	VB
skills	NNS
necessary	JJ
to	TO
establish	VB
effective	JJ
procedures	NNS
for	IN
implementing	VBG
policies	NNS
and	CC
programs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
conduct	VB
outreach	JJ
efforts	NNS
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
must	MD
have	VB
competence	NN
in	IN
strategic	JJ
and	CC
operational	JJ
management	NN
,	,
staffing	NN
,	,
staff	NN
development	NN
,	,
supervision	NN
,	,
budget	NN
management	NN
,	,
program	NN
marketing	NN
,	,
and	CC
revenue	NN
generation	NN
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
should	MD
have	VB
experience	NN
in	IN
and	CC
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
manage	VB
and	CC
integrate	VB
multiple	JJ
programs	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
career	NN
advising	VBG
,	,
graduate	JJ
placement	NN
,	,
student	NN
internships	NNS
,	,
student	NN
employment	NN
,	,
and	CC
graduate	JJ
school	NN
advising	VBG
.	.
Ability	NN
to	TO
effectively	RB
work	VB
,	,
communicate	VB
,	,
collaborate	VB
,	,
and	CC
influence	NN
UAA	NNP
's	POS
diverse	JJ
population	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
staff	NN
,	,
community	NN
members	NNS
,	,
and	CC
external	JJ
constituencies	NNS
,	,
multiple	JJ
departments	NNS
,	,
and	CC
community	NN
campuses	NNS
.	.
Ability	NN
to	TO
communicate	VB
effectively	RB
within	IN
and	CC
accross	IN
University	NNP
divisions	NNS
;	:
demonstrated	VBD
commitment	NN
to	TO
collaborative	JJ
teamwork	NN
across	IN
Academic	NNP
Affairs	NNP
,	,
Administrative	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
and	CC
Student	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
divisions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
University	NNP
Advancement	NNP
;	:
and	CC
demonstrated	VBD
commitment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
engagement	NN
and	CC
development	NN
of	IN
a	DT
diverse	JJ
collegiate	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
A	DT
master	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
in	IN
college	NN
student	NN
personnel	NNS
,	,
higher	JJR
education	NN
administration	NN
,	,
counseling	NN
,	,
business	NN
administration\/management	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
closely	RB
related	JJ
discipline	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
from	IN
a	DT
postsecondary	JJ
institution	NN
whose	WP$
accreditation	NN
is	VBZ
recognized	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
and\/or	CC
the	DT
Council	NNP
on	IN
Higher	JJR
Education	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
.	.
Significant	JJ
,	,
progressively	RB
responsible	JJ
experience	NN
in	IN
student	NN
affairs	NNS
or	CC
career-related	JJ
positions	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
post-secondary	JJ
environment	NN
directing	NN
,	,
managing	NN
,	,
supervising	VBG
,	,
and	CC
coordinating	VBG
career	NN
services	NNS
activities	NNS
and	CC
operations	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
university	NN
level	NN
.	.
Develop	VB
funding	NN
streams	NNS
through	IN
grants	NNS
or	CC
initiatives	NNS
.	.
Provide	VB
community	NN
leadership	NN
and	CC
outreach	NN
.	.
Serve	VB
on	IN
community	NN
,	,
university	NN
,	,
and	CC
national	JJ
boards	NNS
and	CC
committees	NNS
which	WDT
enhance	VBP
career	NN
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
UAA	NNP
students	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
.	.
Serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
liaison	NN
with	IN
regional	JJ
,	,
national	JJ
,	,
and	CC
international	JJ
employers	NNS
.	.
Provide	VB
career	NN
advising	VBG
,	,
exploration	NN
,	,
development	NN
assistance	NN
for	IN
prosepective	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
community	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
student	NN
organizations	NNS
,	,
students	NNS
,	,
and	CC
alumni	NNS
.	.
Serve	VB
as	IN
guest	JJ
lecturer	NN
for	IN
various	JJ
groups	NNS
of	IN
graduating	VBG
students	NNS
.	.
Responsibilities	NNS
include	VBP
:	:
supervise	VB
the	DT
CSC	NNP
staff	NN
;	:
develop	VB
,	,
cultivate	VB
and	CC
promote	VB
positive	JJ
relationships	NNS
across	IN
campus	NN
,	,
with	IN
current	JJ
and	CC
potential	JJ
employers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
with	IN
professional	JJ
associations	NNS
and	CC
community	NN
groups	NNS
;	:
establish	VB
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
recruiting	NN
services	NNS
program	NN
;	:
collaborate	VB
and	CC
determine	VB
needs	NNS
with	IN
alumni	NNS
relations	NNS
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
develop	VB
programs	NNS
which	WDT
engage	VBP
alumni	NNS
in	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
;	:
oversee	VB
development	NN
and	CC
maintenance	NN
of	IN
CSC	NNP
website	NN
;	:
collaborate	VB
with	IN
the	DT
development	NN
office	NN
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
secure	VB
funding	NN
;	:
oversee	VB
and	CC
manage	VB
budget	NN
;	:
represent	VB
CSC	NNP
and	CC
participate	VB
in	IN
university	NN
outreach	NN
activities	NNS
;	:
collaborate	VB
and	CC
network	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Williams	NNP
College	NNP
of	IN
Business	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
university	NN
offices	NNS
;	:
oversee	VB
academic	JJ
course	NN
offerings	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
career-related	JJ
courses	NNS
;	:
oversee	VB
and	CC
maintain	VB
program	NN
evaluation	NN
activities	NNS
and	CC
report	NN
outcomes	NNS
and	CC
performance	NN
measures	NNS
.	.
Review	NNP
of	IN
applications	NNS
will	MD
begin	VB
on	IN
February	NNP
26	CD
,	,
2007	CD
and	CC
will	MD
continue	VB
until	IN
the	DT
position	NN
is	VBZ
filled	VBN
.	.
A	DT
resume	VB
with	IN
an	DT
accompanying	VBG
cover	NN
letter	NN
may	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
via	IN
the	DT
SJG	NNP
website	NN
at	IN
www.spelmanandjohnson.com	NN
under	IN
the	DT
link	NN
Open	NNP
Positions	NNP
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
provides	VBZ
leadership	NN
for	IN
a	DT
campus-wide	JJ
career	NN
services	NNS
program	NN
serving	VBG
undergraduate	NN
and	CC
graduate	NN
students	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
.	.
S\/he	NNP
will	MD
play	VB
a	DT
key	JJ
role	NN
in	IN
making	VBG
career	NN
preparation	NN
an	DT
integral	JJ
,	,
dynamic	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
MIT	NNP
education	NN
and	CC
in	IN
ensuring	VBG
the	DT
continued	JJ
expansion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Careers	NNP
Office	NNP
role	NN
in	IN
supporting	VBG
MIT	NNP
students	NNS
'	POS
career	NN
development	NN
.	.
Reporting	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Dean	NNP
for	IN
Undergraduate	NNP
Education	NNP
,	,
the	DT
director	NN
partners	NNS
with	IN
academic	JJ
and	CC
administrative	JJ
departments	NNS
across	IN
the	DT
Institute	NNP
to	TO
create	VB
an	DT
integrated	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
career	NN
development	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
graduates	NNS
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
serves	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Dean	NNP
's	POS
senior	JJ
management	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
office	NN
delivers	VBZ
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
professional	JJ
advising	VBG
for	IN
approximately	RB
4,000	CD
undergraduates	NNS
and	CC
6,000	CD
graduate	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
will	MD
supervise	VB
eighteen	CD
permanent	JJ
staff	NN
,	,
two	CD
temporary	JJ
part-time	JJ
employees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
five	CD
career	NN
interns	NNS
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
will	MD
be	VB
knowledgeable	JJ
about	IN
national	JJ
and	CC
international	JJ
trends	NNS
affecting	VBG
career	NN
choice	NN
for	IN
MIT	NNP
students	NNS
and	CC
oversee	VB
the	DT
continued	JJ
growth	NN
of	IN
MIT	NNP
's	POS
study	NN
abroad	RB
and	CC
prestigious	JJ
fellowship	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Director	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
MIT	NNP
Careers	NNP
Office	NNP
must	MD
have	VB
at	IN
least	JJS
ten	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
relevant	JJ
experience	NN
in	IN
a	DT
highly	RB
competitive	JJ
professional	JJ
career	NN
services	NNS
environment	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
knowledgeable	JJ
about	IN
science	NN
and	CC
technology	NN
careers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
successful	JJ
candidate	NN
will	MD
have	VB
demonstrated	VBN
experience	NN
in	IN
developing	VBG
and	CC
implementing	VBG
career	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
in	IN
providing	VBG
career	NN
or	CC
academic	JJ
counseling	NN
.	.
Experience	NN
with	IN
global	JJ
experiential	JJ
learning	NN
,	,
study	NN
abroad	RB
,	,
and	CC
foreign	JJ
internship	NN
programs	NNS
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
career	NN
preparation	NN
is	VBZ
highly	RB
desirable	JJ
.	.
S\/he	NNP
will	MD
demonstrate	VB
exceptional	JJ
skills	NNS
in	IN
interpersonal	JJ
relations	NNS
,	,
leadership	NN
,	,
and	CC
management	NN
,	,
including	VBG
communication	NN
,	,
problem-solving	JJ
,	,
decision-making	JJ
and	CC
planning	NN
.	.
S\/he	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
collaboratively	RB
,	,
building	NN
and	CC
maintaining	VBG
a	DT
strong	JJ
office	NN
team	NN
,	,
and	CC
thrive	VB
in	IN
an	DT
entrepreneurial	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
Candidates	NNS
should	MD
have	VB
a	DT
master	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
or	CC
Ph.D.	NNP
in	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
,	,
career	NN
counseling	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
related	JJ
field	NN
.	.
Counseling	NN
and	CC
Career	NNP
Development	NNP
60	CD
%	NN
-	:
Provide	VB
career	NN
counseling	NN
to	TO
graduate	JJ
students	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
them	PRP
explore	VB
the	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
and	CC
career	NN
paths	NNS
.	.
Help	VB
students	NNS
develop	VB
effective	JJ
job-search	JJ
strategies	NNS
,	,
both	DT
within	IN
and	CC
outside	IN
of	IN
the	DT
academy	NN
.	.
-	:
Develop	VB
,	,
organize	VB
,	,
and	CC
lead	NN
workshops	NNS
for	IN
graduate	NN
students	NNS
looking	VBG
for	IN
careers	NNS
outside	IN
of	IN
academic	JJ
teaching	NN
and	CC
research	NN
.	.
These	DT
workshops	NNS
will	MD
include	VB
self-assessment	NN
,	,
resume	VB
preparation	NN
,	,
interviewing	VBG
and	CC
networking	VBG
skills	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
career-related	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
-	:
Develop	VB
and	CC
lead	VB
career	NN
workshops	NNS
and	CC
programs	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
seeking	VBG
academic	JJ
employment	NN
.	.
These	DT
workshops	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
delivered	VBN
collaboratively	RB
with	IN
the	DT
office	NN
of	IN
the	DT
McGraw	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Teaching	NNP
and	CC
Learning	NNP
,	,
or	CC
as	IN
independent	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
will	MD
include	VB
content	JJ
pertaining	VBG
to	TO
resumes\/curriculum	VB
vitas	NNS
,	,
interviewing	VBG
,	,
networking	VBG
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
career-related	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
-	:
Hold	VB
individual	JJ
counseling	NN
appointments	NNS
,	,
walk-ins	NNS
,	,
and	CC
group	NN
counseling	NN
sessions	NNS
for	IN
graduate	NN
students	NNS
and	CC
graduate	NN
alumni	NNS
.	.
-	:
As	IN
needed	VBN
,	,
hold	VBP
individual	JJ
counseling	NN
appointments	NNS
and	CC
walk-ins	NNS
for	IN
undergraduate	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
undergraduate	JJ
alumni	NNS
.	.
-	:
Participate	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
use	NN
and	CC
interpretation	NN
of	IN
career-related	JJ
assessments	NNS
and	CC
inventories	NNS
.	.
-	:
Review	NNP
and	CC
evaluate	VB
career-related	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
software	NN
.	.
-	:
Develop	VB
,	,
promote	VB
,	,
and	CC
deliver	VB
workshops	NNS
for	IN
undergraduate	JJ
students	NNS
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
office	NN
initiatives	NNS
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
Career	NNP
Week	NNP
.	.
Administrative	JJ
30	CD
%	NN
-	:
Plan	NN
and	CC
develop	VB
career-related	JJ
panel	NN
discussions	NNS
,	,
speaker	NN
events	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
programming	NN
in	IN
consultation	NN
with	IN
student	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
departments	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
campus	NN
organizations	NNS
or	CC
departments	NNS
.	.
-	:
Plan	NN
and	CC
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
on-site	JJ
or	CC
virtual	JJ
career	NN
fairs	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
events	NNS
involving	VBG
the	DT
participation	NN
of	IN
graduate	NN
student	NN
and	CC
graduate	NN
alumni	NNS
associations	NNS
.	.
-	:
Develop	VB
and	CC
maintain	VB
electronic	JJ
resources	NNS
for	IN
graduate	NN
students	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
library	NN
material	NN
,	,
website	NN
information	NN
,	,
handouts	NNS
,	,
and	CC
databases	NNS
.	.
-	:
Administer	VB
the	DT
annual	JJ
graduate	NN
exit	NN
career	NN
plans	VBZ
survey	NN
,	,
including	VBG
collection	NN
,	,
analysis	NN
,	,
and	CC
reporting	NN
of	IN
data	NNS
.	.
-	:
Develop	VB
and	CC
implement	VB
on-going	JJ
communications	NNS
directly	RB
with	IN
students	NNS
through	IN
email	NN
announcements	NNS
,	,
list-servs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
email	NN
distribution	NN
lists	NNS
.	.
-	:
Develop	VB
monthly	JJ
and	CC
annual	JJ
reporting	NN
and	CC
statistical	JJ
analysis	NN
on	IN
counseling	NN
and	CC
programs	NNS
.	.
External	NNP
Relations	NNPS
and	CC
Job	NNP
Development	NNP
10	CD
%	NN
-	:
Consult	VB
and	CC
collaborate	VB
with	IN
faculty	NN
,	,
academic	JJ
advisors	NNS
,	,
student	NN
development	NN
professionals	NNS
,	,
university	NN
staff	NN
and	CC
administrators	NNS
who	WP
work	VBP
with	IN
graduate	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
alumni	NNS
,	,
and	CC
employers	NNS
.	.
-	:
Assist	VB
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
marketing	NN
and	CC
publication	NN
material	NN
for	IN
print	NN
and	CC
web	NN
media	NNS
.	.
-	:
Initiate	VB
discussion	NN
with	IN
employer	NN
representatives	NNS
to	TO
encourage	VB
their	PRP$
participation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
on-campus	JJ
recruiting	NN
program	NN
,	,
resolve	VB
any	DT
service	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
evaluate	VBP
employers	NNS
'	POS
literature	NN
and	CC
advise	VB
them	PRP
in	IN
establishing	VBG
effective	JJ
recruiting	NN
procedures	NNS
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
job	NN
development	NN
.	.
-	:
Interact	VB
with	IN
individuals	NNS
at	IN
peer	VBP
institutions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
participate	VB
in	IN
Graduate	NNP
Career	NNP
Consortium	NNP
meetings	NNS
and	CC
initiatives	NNS
.	.
-	:
Represent	VB
Princeton	NNP
University	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Career	NNP
Services	NNP
at	IN
professional	JJ
and	CC
corporate	JJ
conferences	NNS
.	.
Graduate	NNP
degree	NN
and	CC
at	IN
least	JJS
2-5	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
professionally	RB
responsible	JJ
career	NN
development	NN
experience	NN
.	.
Additional	JJ
qualifications	NNS
include	VBP
:	:
A	DT
working	VBG
knowledge	NN
of	IN
career	NN
development	NN
theory	NN
and	CC
familiarity	NN
with	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
career	NN
assessment	NN
\/	CD
inventories	NNS
is	VBZ
required	VBN
.	.
An	DT
understanding	NN
of	IN
graduate	NN
study	NN
in	IN
the	DT
arts	NNS
and	CC
sciences	NNS
and	CC
engineering	NN
at	IN
the	DT
masters	NNS
and	CC
doctoral	JJ
level	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
.	.
Must	MD
possess	VB
the	DT
capacity	NN
for	IN
effective	JJ
collaboration	NN
and	CC
communication	NN
with	IN
students	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
administrators	NNS
and	CC
employers	NNS
.	.
Demonstrated	VBN
ability	NN
to	TO
work	VB
both	DT
independently	RB
and	CC
as	RB
a	DT
contributing	VBG
team	NN
member	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
.	.
Experience	NN
with	IN
information	NN
technology	NN
and	CC
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Internet	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
counseling	NN
tool	NN
,	,
team	NN
building	NN
,	,
project	NN
management	NN
,	,
working	VBG
to	TO
deadlines	NNS
,	,
and	CC
handling	VBG
multiple	JJ
priorities	NNS
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
.	.
A	DT
high	JJ
degree	NN
of	IN
familiarity	NN
with	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
software	NN
packages	NNS
for	IN
word-processing	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Word	NN
,	,
WordPerfect	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
spreadsheets	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Excel	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
databases	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Access	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
web	NN
creation	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
HTML	NNP
,	,
Dreamweaver	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
needed	VBN
.	.
Must	MD
also	RB
possess	VB
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
write	VB
clearly	RB
and	CC
concisely	RB
,	,
as	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
involvement	NN
in	IN
preparing	VBG
material	NN
for	IN
instructional	JJ
and	CC
public	JJ
relations	NNS
uses	VBZ
.	.
The	DT
Teach	NNP
For	IN
America	NNP
Office	NNP
of	IN
Career	NNP
and	CC
Civic	NNP
Opportunities	NNPS
-LRB-	-LRB-
``	``
OCCO	NNP
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
supports	VBZ
this	DT
objective	NN
by	IN
creating	VBG
resources	NNS
,	,
tools	NNS
and	CC
support	NN
systems	NNS
that	WDT
enable	VBP
corps	NN
members	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
know	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
uniquely	RB
positioned	VBN
through	IN
their	PRP$
career	NN
and	CC
civic	JJ
choices	NNS
to	TO
take	VB
an	DT
active	JJ
part	NN
in	IN
closing	VBG
the	DT
achievement	NN
gap	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
assess	VB
their	PRP$
skills	NNS
,	,
interests	NNS
,	,
and	CC
values	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
appropriate	JJ
and	CC
inspirational	JJ
career	NN
and	CC
civic	JJ
choices	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
3	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
have	VB
access	NN
to	TO
information	NN
about	IN
various	JJ
careers	NNS
and	CC
career	NN
paths	NNS
so	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
make	VB
informed	JJ
decisions	NNS
about	IN
their	PRP$
careers	NNS
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
4	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
be	VB
connected	VBN
to	TO
career	NN
and	CC
civic	JJ
opportunities	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
related	VBN
to	TO
their	PRP$
goals	NNS
and	CC
support	VB
the	DT
movement	NN
to	TO
end	VB
educational	JJ
inequity	NN
.	.
Since	IN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
Teach	NNP
For	IN
America	NNP
corps	NN
members	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
is	VBZ
expanding	VBG
rapidly	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
imperative	JJ
that	IN
OCCO	NNP
move	NN
aggressively	RB
toward	IN
``	``
wholesale	JJ
''	''
delivery	NN
-	:
creating	VBG
an	DT
OCCO	NNP
that	WDT
efficiently	RB
serves	VBZ
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
thousands	NNS
of	IN
alumni	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
time	NN
,	,
rather	RB
than	IN
``	``
retail	JJ
''	''
thinking	NN
-	:
working	VBG
with	IN
either	DT
individuals	NNS
or	CC
very	RB
small	JJ
groups	NNS
of	IN
alums	NNS
.	.
The	DT
managing	NN
director	NN
has	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
very	RB
comfortable	JJ
and	CC
invested	VBN
in	IN
creating	VBG
a	DT
wholesale	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
The	DT
managing	VBG
director	NN
reports	NNS
directly	RB
to	TO
the	DT
vice	NN
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Career	NNP
and	CC
Civic	NNP
Opportunities	NNPS
,	,
but	CC
must	MD
work	VB
with	IN
many	JJ
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Alumni	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
team	NN
effectively	RB
to	TO
reach	VB
her\/his	JJ
goals	NNS
.	.
Education	NNP
and	CC
Experience	NN
o	NN
Experience	NN
in	IN
and	CC
knowledge	NN
of	IN
career	NN
development	NN
critical	JJ
o	NN
Bachelor	NNP
's	POS
degree	NN
required	VBN
;	:
masters	NNS
degree	NN
in	IN
career	NN
counseling	NN
or	CC
related	VBN
field	NN
preferred	VBN
o	NN
Minimum	NNP
of	IN
3	CD
to	TO
5	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
preferred	VBN
Knowledge	NNP
,	,
Skills	NNS
,	,
and	CC
Experience	NN
o	NN
Demonstrated	VBD
record	NN
of	IN
accomplishment	NN
and	CC
a	DT
self-starter	NN
with	IN
an	DT
entrepreneurial	JJ
spirit	NN
o	FW
Exceptional	JJ
communication	NN
and	CC
project	NN
management	NN
skills	NNS
to	TO
reach	VB
ambitious	JJ
goals	NNS
o	VBP
Past	JJ
experience	NN
developing	VBG
and	CC
executing	VBG
strategic	JJ
plans	NNS
o	VBP
Strong	JJ
client-service	JJ
orientation	NN
and	CC
relationship-building	JJ
skills	NNS
.	.
High	NNP
comfort	NN
level	NN
working	VBG
with	IN
various	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
people	NNS
in	IN
different	JJ
contexts	NNS
o	VBP
Ability	NN
to	TO
travel	VB
up	RP
to	TO
25	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
work	NN
days	NNS
across	IN
the	DT
country	NN
o	VBD
Keen	JJ
ability	NN
to	TO
discern	VB
priorities	NNS
and	CC
invest	VB
others	NNS
in	IN
our	PRP$
work	NN
so	RB
to	TO
reach	VB
our	PRP$
goals	NNS
Compensation	NNP
Salary	NNP
for	IN
this	DT
position	NN
is	VBZ
competitive	JJ
and	CC
depends	VBZ
on	IN
prior	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
benefits	NNS
package	NN
is	VBZ
included	VBN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
corps	NN
members	NNS
gain	VB
the	DT
insight	NN
and	CC
conviction	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
lifelong	JJ
leaders	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
pursuit	NN
of	IN
fundamental	JJ
change	NN
.	.
More	JJR
than	IN
12,000	CD
Teach	NNP
For	IN
America	NNP
alumni	NNS
are	VBP
providing	VBG
critical	JJ
leadership	NN
within	IN
education	NN
and	CC
social	JJ
reform	NN
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
are	VBP
also	RB
marshalling	VBG
support	NN
for	IN
change	NN
from	IN
positions	NNS
in	IN
business	NN
,	,
law	NN
,	,
medicine	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
sectors	NNS
.	.
In	IN
October	NNP
2005	CD
,	,
we	PRP
launched	VBD
an	DT
ambitious	JJ
five-year	JJ
plan	NN
to	TO
grow	VB
to	TO
scale	NN
,	,
maximize	VB
the	DT
impact	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
corps	NN
members	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
force	NN
for	IN
change	NN
,	,
and	CC
build	VB
an	DT
enduring	JJ
American	JJ
institution	NN
.	.
By	IN
2010	CD
,	,
we	PRP
aim	VBP
to	TO
field	VB
a	DT
corps	NN
of	IN
8,000	CD
members	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
a	DT
significant	JJ
impact	NN
on	IN
the	DT
academic	JJ
achievement	NN
of	IN
700,000	CD
of	IN
our	PRP$
nation	NN
's	POS
most	RBS
disadvantaged	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
At	IN
that	DT
point	NN
,	,
we	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
among	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
's	POS
top	JJ
employers	NNS
of	IN
top	JJ
recent	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
,	,
building	VBG
an	DT
unprecedented	JJ
pipeline	NN
of	IN
civic	JJ
and	CC
educational	JJ
leadership	NN
to	TO
foster	VB
the	DT
fundamental	JJ
reforms	NNS
needed	VBN
to	TO
realize	VB
our	PRP$
vision	NN
of	IN
educational	JJ
opportunity	NN
for	IN
all	DT
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Career	NNP
Management	NNP
Center	NNP
team	NN
,	,
this	DT
individual	NN
will	MD
lead	VB
the	DT
Main	NNP
Campus	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Stuart	NNP
School	NNP
of	IN
Business	NNP
in	IN
providing	VBG
students	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
with	IN
training	NN
,	,
self-assessment	NN
,	,
counseling	NN
,	,
alternatives	NNS
,	,
networking	NN
,	,
and	CC
placement	NN
management	NN
in	IN
the	DT
pursuit	NN
of	IN
a	DT
position	NN
with	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
.	.
Manager	NN
will	MD
be	VB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
management	NN
and	CC
development	NN
of	IN
lifecycle	NN
recruitment	NN
for	IN
the	DT
campus	NN
recruiting	NN
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
Campus	NNP
Recruiting	NNP
Manager	NNP
manages	VBZ
the	DT
relationship	NN
with	IN
internal	JJ
business	NN
units	NNS
to	TO
continue	VB
to	TO
build	VB
the	DT
campus	NN
program	NN
while	IN
implementing	VBG
campus	NN
programs	NNS
that	WDT
attract	VBP
top	JJ
candidates	NNS
and	CC
build	VB
a	DT
talent	NN
pipeline	NN
for	IN
key	JJ
business	NN
units	NNS
.	.
Marketing	NNP
talent	NN
to	TO
the	DT
organization	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
participate	VB
in	IN
national	JJ
diversity	NN
outreach	NN
efforts	NNS
.	.
This	DT
position	NN
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
managing	VBG
Nestle	NNP
's	POS
MBA	NNP
Marketing	NNP
full-time	JJ
and	CC
internship	NN
efforts	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
serving	VBG
as	IN
the	DT
primary	JJ
lead	NN
for	IN
Nestle	NNP
's	POS
participation	NN
at	IN
the	DT
following	JJ
national	JJ
diversity	NN
conferences	NNS
:	:
Consortium	NNP
for	IN
Graduate	NNP
Studies	NNPS
in	IN
Management	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CGSM	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
National	NNP
Black	NNP
MBA	NNP
Association	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NBMBAA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
National	NNP
Society	NNP
of	IN
Hispanic	NNP
MBAs	NNPS
-LRB-	-LRB-
NSHMBA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Duties	NNS
will	MD
also	RB
include	VB
implementing	VBG
college	NN
recruitment	NN
strategy	NN
,	,
planning	NN
and	CC
executing	VBG
year	NN
round	NN
recruitment	NN
activities	NNS
and	CC
events	NNS
,	,
participation	NN
in	IN
diversity	NN
outreach	NN
events	NNS
which	WDT
encompass	VBP
sourcing	VBG
for	IN
candidates	NNS
,	,
interviewing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
consulting	VBG
on	IN
final	JJ
candidates	NNS
and	CC
extending	VBG
offers	NNS
.	.
Academic	NNP
Council	NNP
and	CC
supervises	VBZ
the	DT
deans	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
undergraduate	JJ
school	NN
and	CC
graduate	NN
schools	NNS
,	,
and	CC
has	VBZ
oversight	NN
of	IN
the	DT
library	NN
,	,
the	DT
Washington	NNP
,	,
D.C.	NNP
Campus	NNP
,	,
enrollment	NN
and	CC
academic	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
registrar	NN
.	.
A	DT
passion	NN
for	IN
the	DT
mission	NN
and	CC
vision	NN
of	IN
the	DT
university	NN
,	,
including	VBG
a	DT
strong	JJ
commitment	NN
of	IN
faith	NN
and	CC
acquaintance	NN
with	IN
renewal	NN
theology	NN
A	DT
keen	JJ
understanding	NN
of	IN
a	DT
broad	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
academic	JJ
disciplines	NNS
Excellent	JJ
communication	NN
and	CC
people-management	NN
skills	NNS
Knowledge	NN
and	CC
support	NN
of	IN
non-traditional	JJ
curriculum	NN
development	NN
and	CC
delivery	NN
systems	NNS
Successful	JJ
leadership	NN
in	IN
budget	NN
development	NN
and	CC
management	NN
One	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
terminal	NN
degrees	NNS
and	CC
record	NN
of	IN
scholarly	JJ
research	NN
and	CC
publication	NN
As	IN
a	DT
racially	RB
and	CC
ethnically	RB
diverse	JJ
institution	NN
accredited	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Southern	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Schools	NNP
,	,
Regent	NNP
University	NNP
welcomes	VBZ
nominations	NNS
and	CC
applications	NNS
without	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
race	NN
,	,
color	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
national	JJ
origin	NN
,	,
or	CC
disability	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
responsible	JJ
for	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
's	POS
college	NN
relations	NNS
and	CC
recruiting	VBG
program	NN
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
know	VB
that	IN
,	,
since	IN
1956	CD
,	,
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NACE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
has	VBZ
been	VBN
keeping	VBG
human	JJ
resources	NNS
professionals	NNS
abreast	RB
of	IN
the	DT
changing	VBG
standards	NNS
and	CC
trends	NNS
affecting	VBG
their	PRP$
work	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
membership	NN
offers	VBZ
publications	NNS
,	,
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
professional	JJ
development	NN
options	NNS
that	WDT
target	VBP
employer-related	JJ
priorities	NNS
,	,
issues	NNS
,	,
and	CC
concerns	NNS
.	.
Eligibility	NN
Criteria	NNS
:	:
Available	JJ
to	TO
an	DT
employing	VBG
organization	NN
engaged	VBN
in	IN
human	JJ
resources	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
staffing	NN
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
recruiting\/hiring	NN
of	IN
college	NN
graduates	VBZ
solely	RB
for	IN
its	PRP$
own	JJ
work	NN
force	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
for	IN
a	DT
subdivision	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
maintaining	VBG
college	NN
relations	NNS
for	IN
its	PRP$
own	JJ
organization	NN
.	.
An	DT
organization	NN
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
a	DT
service	NN
or	CC
product	NN
to	TO
college	NN
relations\/recruiting	VBG
or	CC
career	NN
services	NNS
functions	NNS
is	VBZ
eligible	JJ
for	IN
affiliate	NN
membership	NN
.	.
Distributed	VBN
annually	RB
to	TO
more	JJR
than	IN
1	CD
million	CD
job	NN
seekers	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
students	NNS
,	,
graduates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
alumni	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Members	NNS
receive	VBP
up	IN
to	TO
300	CD
volumes	NNS
free	JJ
,	,
and	CC
may	MD
order	VB
additional	JJ
volumes	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
nominal	JJ
cost	NN
.	.
Issued	VBN
in	IN
August	NNP
.	.
Available	JJ
to	TO
an	DT
individual	JJ
employed	VBN
in	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
school	NN
that	WDT
holds	VBZ
institutional	JJ
membership	NN
at	IN
any	DT
location	NN
worldwide	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Each	DT
institutional	JJ
membership	NN
includes	VBZ
two	CD
free	JJ
electronic	JJ
memberships	NNS
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
You	PRP
can	MD
look	VB
up	RP
your	PRP$
institutional	JJ
membership	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Membership	NN
Gallery	NNP
.	.
Institutional	JJ
Membership	NN
at	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
location	NN
.	.
Criteria	NNS
requires	VBZ
student	NN
to	TO
be	VB
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
six	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
6	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
credit	NN
hours	NNS
per	IN
term	NN
,	,
not	RB
be	VB
employed	VBN
full	JJ
time	NN
,	,
and	CC
be	VB
sponsored	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
full-time	JJ
career	NN
services	NNS
staff	NN
member	NN
.	.
We	PRP
encourage	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
become	VB
active	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
regional	JJ
association	NN
as	RB
well	RB
to	TO
provide	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
important	JJ
networking	VBG
opportunities	NNS
and	CC
assist	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
local	JJ
concerns	NNS
or	CC
needs	NNS
.	.
More	JJR
information	NN
can	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
at	IN
http://www.naceweb.org/about/regions.htm	NN
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
join	VBP
NACE	NNP
,	,
you	PRP
join	VBP
a	DT
community	NN
of	IN
professionals	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
expand	VB
your	PRP$
knowledge	NN
,	,
improve	VB
your	PRP$
on-the-job	JJ
performance	NN
,	,
and	CC
increase	VB
your	PRP$
value	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
organization	NN
.	.
To	TO
see	VB
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
,	,
click	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
links	NNS
below	IN
.	.
This	DT
form	NN
should	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
expressing	VBG
interest	NN
in	IN
joining	VBG
a	DT
NACE	NNP
committee	NN
or	CC
action	NN
team	NN
.	.
The	DT
form	NN
must	MD
be	VB
completed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
single	JJ
session	NN
.	.
The	DT
form	NN
will	MD
not	RB
save	VB
your	PRP$
answers	NNS
until	IN
you	PRP
click	VBP
the	DT
SUBMIT	NNP
button	NN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
form	NN
.	.
Please	VB
complete	VB
the	DT
form	NN
by	IN
January	NNP
31	CD
,	,
2007	CD
.	.
The	DT
Information	NNP
Center	NNP
is	VBZ
your	PRP$
library	NN
,	,
containing	VBG
practical	JJ
resources	NNS
and	CC
information	NN
on	IN
topics	NNS
specific	JJ
to	TO
your	PRP$
role	NN
as	IN
a	DT
professional	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
find	VB
survey	NN
data	NNS
on	IN
subjects	NNS
including	VBG
internships\/co-ops	NNS
,	,
MBA	NNP
hiring	NN
,	,
and	CC
hiring	VBG
projections	NNS
,	,
samples	NNS
of	IN
important	JJ
forms	NNS
,	,
and	CC
access	NN
to	TO
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
articles	NNS
on	IN
topics	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
technology	NN
,	,
career	NN
fairs	NNS
,	,
student	NN
expectations	NNS
,	,
marketing	NN
,	,
and	CC
recruiting	VBG
trends	NNS
.	.
While	IN
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
information	NN
here	RB
is	VBZ
from	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
research	NN
department	NN
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
links	NNS
to	TO
outside	JJ
sources	NNS
of	IN
information	NN
like	IN
government-generated	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
employment	NN
data	NNS
.	.
By	IN
keeping	VBG
up	RP
to	TO
date	NN
with	IN
issues	NNS
,	,
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
job	NN
market	NN
,	,
legal	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
and	CC
new	JJ
workplace	NN
technologies	NNS
,	,
service-type	JJ
organizations	NNS
can	MD
identify	VB
product	NN
and	CC
service	NN
needs	NNS
for	IN
this	DT
audience	NN
and	CC
connect	VB
with	IN
these	DT
professionals	NNS
at	IN
NACE	NNP
events	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Online	NNP
Directory	NNP
enables	VBZ
you	PRP
to	TO
search	VB
for	IN
contacts	NNS
by	IN
name	NN
,	,
school	NN
,	,
or	CC
location	NN
and	CC
to	TO
obtain	VB
information	NN
about	IN
their	PRP$
activities	NNS
,	,
schedules	NNS
,	,
requirements	NNS
,	,
and	CC
career	NN
and	CC
job	NN
fairs	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Online	NNP
Directory	NNP
enables	VBZ
you	PRP
to	TO
update	VB
your	PRP$
information	NN
so	IN
that	IN
prospective	JJ
clients	NNS
know	VBP
exactly	RB
where	WRB
to	TO
reach	VB
you	PRP
.	.
Your	PRP$
organization	NN
's	POS
membership	NN
in	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NACE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
does	VBZ
not	RB
entitle	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
association	NN
's	POS
name	NN
to	TO
endorse	VB
your	PRP$
product	NN
or	CC
service	NN
in	IN
any	DT
of	IN
your	PRP$
marketing	NN
pieces	NNS
,	,
customer	NN
letters	NNS
,	,
customer	NN
e-mails	NNS
,	,
or	CC
on	IN
your	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
,	,
or	CC
in	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
medium	NN
,	,
nor	CC
should	MD
endorsement	NN
be	VB
implied	VBN
in	IN
any	DT
manner	NN
.	.
You	PRP
've	VBP
spent	VBN
a	DT
good	JJ
deal	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
lifetime	NN
on	IN
the	DT
job	NN
.	.
Over	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
've	VBP
enjoyed	VBN
working	VBG
with	IN
numerous	JJ
professionals	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
region	NN
and	CC
across	IN
the	DT
country	NN
.	.
There	EX
's	VBZ
no	DT
need	NN
to	TO
lose	VB
contact	NN
just	RB
because	IN
you	PRP
've	VBP
retired	VBN
!	.
Take	VB
advantage	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
new	JJ
retiree	NN
categories	NNS
of	IN
membership	NN
.	.
You	PRP
get	VBP
just-in-time	JJ
tools	NNS
,	,
tips	NNS
,	,
and	CC
tactics	NNS
in	IN
this	DT
bi-weekly	JJ
e-mail	NN
newsletter	NN
that	WDT
targets	VBZ
career	NN
services	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
staffing\/HR	JJ
interests	NNS
and	CC
needs	NNS
,	,
zeroes	NNS
in	IN
on	IN
issues	NNS
,	,
trends	NNS
,	,
facts	NNS
,	,
and	CC
stats	NNS
,	,
and	CC
offers	VBZ
professionals	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
practical	JJ
,	,
ready-to-use	JJ
information	NN
.	.
Retired	VBN
professional	JJ
membership	NN
may	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
to	TO
any	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
retired	VBN
and	CC
is	VBZ
no	RB
longer	RB
working	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
or	CC
human	JJ
resources	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
staffing	NN
,	,
or	CC
recruiting\/hiring	VBG
field	NN
and	CC
who	WP
would	MD
not	RB
otherwise	RB
quality	NN
for	IN
another	DT
membership	NN
category	NN
.	.
Established	VBN
in	IN
1940	CD
,	,
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Journal	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
nation	NN
's	POS
only	JJ
professional	JJ
magazine	NN
that	WDT
speaks	VBZ
to	TO
both	DT
sides	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
college	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
HR\/staffing	VBG
field	NN
.	.
The	DT
Journal	NNP
is	VBZ
filled	VBN
with	IN
current	JJ
,	,
in-depth	JJ
information-articles	NNS
,	,
reports	NNS
,	,
and	CC
features-on	NN
what	WP
's	VBZ
really	RB
happening	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
.	.
A	DT
subscription	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Journal	NNP
is	VBZ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
membership	NN
benefits	NNS
package	NN
,	,
but	CC
independent	JJ
subscriptions	NNS
independent	JJ
are	VBP
available	JJ
.	.
All	DT
subscriptions	NNS
automatically	RB
include	VBP
receiving	VBG
a	DT
year	NN
's	POS
worth	NN
of	IN
the	DT
e-mail	NN
newsletter	NN
Spotlight	NNP
Online	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
published	VBN
biweekly	RB
for	IN
a	DT
total	NN
of	IN
24	CD
issues	NNS
annually	RB
.	.
Spotlight	NN
Online	NNP
covers	VBZ
the	DT
profession	NN
's	POS
current	JJ
hot	JJ
topics	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
current	JJ
trends	NNS
,	,
the	DT
job	NN
market	NN
,	,
legal	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
and	CC
technology-related	JJ
products	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
field	NN
,	,
coming	VBG
events	NNS
,	,
and	CC
job	NN
openings	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
profession	NN
.	.
The	DT
Journal	NNP
is	VBZ
published	VBN
four	CD
times	NNS
a	DT
year	NN
:	:
October	NNP
,	,
December	NNP
,	,
March	NNP
,	,
May	NNP
.	.
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
receive	VBP
one	CD
free	JJ
subscription	NN
covering	VBG
both	DT
publications	NNS
.	.
Other	JJ
subscriptions	NNS
:	:
$	$
72	CD
a	DT
year	NN
.	.
Foreign	NNP
subscriptions	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
except	IN
Canada	NNP
and	CC
Mexico	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
:	:
Add	VB
$	$
25	CD
for	IN
airmail	NN
postage	NN
,	,
$	$
10	CD
for	IN
surface	NN
.	.
These	DT
customized	VBN
reports	NNS
offer	VBP
you	PRP
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
target	VB
the	DT
curricula	NN
and	CC
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
you	PRP
need	VBP
data	NNS
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
combines	VBZ
the	DT
latest	JJS
starting	VBG
salary	NN
offers	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
you	PRP
choose	VBP
,	,
thus	RB
providing	VBG
an	DT
average	JJ
figure	NN
for	IN
each	DT
of	IN
your	PRP$
selected	VBN
specific	JJ
degree\/curricula	NN
disciplines	NNS
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
limit	NN
to	TO
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
you	PRP
may	MD
select	VB
;	:
but	CC
to	TO
preserve	VB
the	DT
confidentiality	NN
of	IN
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
information	NN
,	,
you	PRP
must	MD
select	VB
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
six	CD
schools	NNS
.	.
Your	PRP$
report	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
the	DT
combined	VBN
averages	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
starting	VBG
salary	NN
data	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
you	PRP
've	VBP
selected	VBN
.	.
The	DT
``	``
remember	VB
''	''
option	NN
saves	VBZ
you	PRP
from	IN
having	VBG
to	TO
log	VB
in	IN
to	TO
NACEWeb	NNP
each	DT
time	NN
you	PRP
visit	VBP
the	DT
site	NN
.	.
As	RB
long	RB
as	IN
you	PRP
use	VBP
the	DT
same	JJ
computer	NN
each	DT
time	NN
to	TO
access	NN
NACEWeb	NNP
,	,
your	PRP$
Login	NNP
and	CC
password	NN
will	MD
be	VB
automatically	RB
entered	VBN
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Adherence	NN
to	TO
the	DT
guidelines	NNS
will	MD
support	VB
the	DT
collaborative	JJ
effort	NN
of	IN
career	NN
planning	NN
,	,
placement	NN
,	,
and	CC
recruitment	NN
professionals	NNS
while	IN
reducing	VBG
the	DT
potential	NN
for	IN
abuses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
guidelines	NNS
also	RB
apply	VBP
to	TO
new	JJ
technology	NN
or	CC
third-party	JJ
recruiting	NN
relationships	NNS
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
substituted	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
traditional	JJ
personal	JJ
interaction	NN
among	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
,	,
employer	NN
professionals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
students	NNS
.	.
These	DT
principles	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
all-inclusive	JJ
;	:
they	PRP
are	VBP
intended	VBN
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
framework	NN
within	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
career	NN
planning	NN
,	,
placement	NN
,	,
and	CC
recruitment	NN
processes	NNS
should	MD
function	VB
,	,
and	CC
as	IN
a	DT
foundation	NN
upon	IN
which	WDT
professionalism	NN
can	MD
be	VB
promoted	VBN
.	.
Principles	NNS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
Committee	NNP
was	VBD
established	VBN
.	.
The	DT
committee	NN
,	,
made	VBD
up	IN
of	IN
practitioners	NNS
,	,
will	MD
provide	VB
advisory	JJ
opinions	NNS
to	TO
members	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
application	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
,	,
act	NN
as	IN
an	DT
informational	JJ
clearinghouse	NN
for	IN
various	JJ
ethical	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
periodically	RB
review	NN
and	CC
recommend	VB
changes	NNS
to	TO
this	DT
document	NN
,	,
and	CC
resolve	VB
problems	NNS
which	WDT
may	MD
arise	VB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
one	CD
final	JJ
point	NN
.	.
The	DT
Principles	NNPS
do	VBP
not	RB
address	VB
certain	JJ
professional	JJ
obligations	NNS
to	TO
support	VB
state	NN
and	CC
regional	JJ
associations	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
development	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
salary	NN
surveys	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
demographic	JJ
trend	NN
surveys	NNS
.	.
Obligations	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
these	DT
are	VBP
recognized	VBN
as	IN
vital	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
continuing	VBG
growth	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
profession	NN
,	,
but	CC
since	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
relate	VB
directly	RB
to	TO
the	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
addressed	VBN
specifically	RB
in	IN
this	DT
document	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Governors	NNP
strongly	RB
encourages	VBZ
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
employment	NN
professionals	NNS
to	TO
support	VB
and	CC
participate	VB
in	IN
these	DT
activities	NNS
.	.
Principles	NNS
for	IN
Career	NNP
Service	NNP
Professionals	NNPS
1	CD
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
,	,
without	IN
imposing	VBG
personal	JJ
values	NNS
or	CC
biases	NNS
,	,
will	MD
assist	VB
individuals	NNS
in	IN
developing	VBG
a	DT
career	NN
plan	NN
or	CC
making	VBG
a	DT
career	NN
decision	NN
.	.
Principles	NNS
for	IN
Employment	NNP
Professionals	NNPS
1	CD
.	.
Employment	NNP
professionals	NNS
will	MD
refrain	VB
from	IN
any	DT
practice	NN
that	WDT
improperly	RB
influences	VBZ
and	CC
affects	VBZ
job	NN
acceptances	NNS
.	.
Such	JJ
practices	NNS
may	MD
include	VB
undue	JJ
time	NN
pressure	NN
for	IN
acceptance	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
offers	NNS
and	CC
encouragement	NN
of	IN
revocation	NN
of	IN
another	DT
employment	NN
offer	NN
.	.
Employment	NNP
professionals	NNS
will	MD
strive	VB
to	TO
communicate	VB
decisions	NNS
to	TO
candidates	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
agreed-upon	JJ
time	NN
frame	NN
.	.
Preface	NN
:	:
The	DT
NACE	NNP
Principles	NNPS
provides	VBZ
definitions	NNS
and	CC
guidelines	NNS
for	IN
third	JJ
parties	NNS
and	CC
contractual\/staffing	VBG
services	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
our	PRP$
hope	NN
that	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
will	MD
use	VB
this	DT
information	NN
to	TO
make	VB
appropriate	JJ
decisions	NNS
about	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
third-party	JJ
,	,
contractual	JJ
,	,
and	CC
staffing	NN
services	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
operations	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
career	NN
fairs	NNS
.	.
These	DT
standards	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
designed	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
guidance	NN
to	TO
third-party	JJ
recruiters	NNS
who	WP
recruit	VBP
college	NN
graduates	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
college	NN
recruitment	NN
process	NN
.	.
These	DT
standards	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
be	VB
construed	VBN
as	IN
requiring	VBG
or	CC
encouraging	VBG
,	,
or	CC
prohibiting	VBG
or	CC
discouraging	VBG
,	,
use	NN
of	IN
third-party	JJ
recruiters	NNS
by	IN
college	NN
or	CC
employer	NN
professionals	NNS
.	.
A	DT
NACE	NNP
member\/regional	JJ
association	NN
may	MD
request	VB
an	DT
advisory	JJ
opinion	NN
regarding	VBG
an	DT
interpretation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
document	NN
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
.	.
The	DT
advisory	JJ
opinion	NN
will	MD
apply	VB
to	TO
the	DT
situation	NN
as	IN
explained	VBN
and	CC
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
considered	VBN
precedent	NN
for	IN
a	DT
subsequent	JJ
complaint	NN
brought	VBD
to	TO
NACE	NNP
.	.
The	DT
member\/association	NN
will	MD
prepare	VB
a	DT
written	VBN
statement	NN
detailing	VBG
the	DT
conduct	NN
in	IN
question	NN
.	.
Statements	NNS
will	MD
include	VB
the	DT
section	NN
,	,
or	CC
sections	NNS
,	,
of	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
to	TO
be	VB
interpreted	VBN
relative	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
conduct	NN
in	IN
question	NN
.	.
Membership	NN
in	IN
NACE	NNP
today	NN
is	VBZ
almost	RB
4,000	CD
organizations	NNS
,	,
evenly	RB
divided	VBN
between	IN
colleges	NNS
and	CC
employers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
resulting	VBG
interface	NN
provides	VBZ
invaluable	JJ
services	NNS
and	CC
opportunities	NNS
to	TO
members	NNS
through	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
publications	NNS
,	,
web	NN
resources	NNS
,	,
services	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
development	NN
workshops	NNS
,	,
and	CC
annual	JJ
National	NNP
Meeting	VBG
.	.
With	IN
NACE	NNP
custom	NN
training	NN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
gain	VB
valuable	JJ
insights	NNS
via	IN
up-to-date	JJ
research	NN
on	IN
motivators	NNS
for	IN
Generation	NNP
Y	NNP
;	:
learn	VBP
high-impact	JJ
,	,
low-cost	JJ
recruiting	NN
strategies	NNS
;	:
and	CC
discover	VBP
best	JJS
practices	NNS
employed	VBN
by	IN
organizations	NNS
with	IN
successful	JJ
programs	NNS
.	.
Designed	VBN
for	IN
leaders	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
committed	VBN
to	TO
continuously	RB
building	VBG
their	PRP$
leadership	NN
abilities	NNS
,	,
this	DT
intensive	JJ
two-day	JJ
program	NN
provides	VBZ
the	DT
skills	NNS
and	CC
strategies	NNS
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
move	VB
beyond	IN
your	PRP$
current	JJ
leadership	NN
capabilities	NNS
.	.
Tom	NNP
Peters	NNP
Company	NN
in	IN
leadership	NN
development	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
more	JJR
than	IN
20	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
training	NN
and	CC
development	NN
,	,
teaching	VBG
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
topics	NNS
from	IN
technical	JJ
instrumentation	NN
to	TO
sales	NNS
and	CC
leadership	NN
development	NN
.	.
Mikkelsen	NNP
,	,
a	DT
frequent	JJ
speaker	NN
at	IN
national	JJ
conferences	NNS
,	,
was	VBD
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
redesign	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Management	NNP
Leadership	NNP
Institute	NNP
.	.
Eric	NNP
Schlesinger	NNP
and	CC
Susan	NNP
MusichSams	NNP
Teach	NNP
Yourself	NNP
e-Job	NNP
Hunting	NNP
Today	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
give	VB
you	PRP
the	DT
steps	NNS
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
know	VB
to	TO
begin	VB
and	CC
complete	VB
your	PRP$
job	NN
search	NN
using	VBG
the	DT
wealth	NN
of	IN
resources	NNS
available	JJ
online	NN
.	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
Internet	NNP
to	TO
identify	VB
key	JJ
questions	NNS
you	PRP
should	MD
answer	VB
before	IN
searching	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
job	NN
,	,
make	VB
a	DT
decision	NN
about	IN
your	PRP$
best	JJS
career	NN
option	NN
,	,
manage	VB
change	NN
and	CC
transition	NN
,	,
evaluate	VB
and	CC
counter	VB
a	DT
job	NN
offer	NN
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.2000.6	CD
x	SYM
9	CD
.	.
356	CD
.	.
$	$
17.99	CD
.	.
I	PRP
knew	VBD
I	PRP
could	MD
only	RB
attend	VB
one	CD
conference	NN
and	CC
wanted	VBD
the	DT
``	``
best	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
.	.
''	''
Most	JJS
valuable	JJ
to	TO
me	PRP
was	VBD
having	VBG
the	DT
opportunity	NN
as	IN
a	DT
two-year	JJ
college	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
was	VBD
the	DT
networking	NN
and	CC
learning	VBG
from	IN
individuals	NNS
from	IN
four-year	JJ
universities	NNS
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
especially	RB
for	IN
new	JJ
directors	NNS
or	CC
mid-career	NN
professionals	NNS
with	IN
two	CD
to	TO
seven	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
in	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
The	DT
content	NN
is	VBZ
tailored	VBN
to	TO
practitioners	NNS
without	IN
extensive	JJ
management	NN
training	NN
.	.
Participants	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
committed	VBN
to	TO
learning	VBG
and	CC
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
complete	VB
some	DT
assignments	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
Institute	NNP
.	.
NACE	NNP
Employer	NNP
Roundtables	NNPS
enable	VBP
NACE	NNP
employer	NN
members	NNS
and	CC
prospective	JJ
members	NNS
involved	VBN
in	IN
college	NN
relations\/recruiting	VBG
and	CC
staffing	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
the	DT
latest	JJS
issues	NNS
and	CC
challenges	NNS
,	,
trade	NN
problems	NNS
and	CC
solutions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
build	VB
their	PRP$
professional	JJ
networks	NNS
.	.
Working	VBG
adults	NNS
,	,
traditional-age	NN
students	NNS
,	,
part-time	JJ
and	CC
full-time	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
dorm	NN
residents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
commuters	NNS
:	:
all	DT
expect	VBP
help	NN
from	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office-personalized	VBN
help	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
accessed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
convenience	NN
.	.
The	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
is	VBZ
seeking	VBG
nominations	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Academy	NNP
of	IN
Fellows	NNPS
.	.
Established	VBN
in	IN
June	NNP
of	IN
1994	CD
,	,
the	DT
Academy	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
individuals	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
contributed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
human	JJ
resources\/staffing	NN
profession	NN
through	IN
the	DT
advancement	NN
of	IN
knowledge	NN
,	,
leadership	NN
,	,
or	CC
excellence	NN
in	IN
professional	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
Induction	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Academy	NNP
of	IN
Fellows	NNPS
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
highest	JJS
honors	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
achieved	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
professional	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
.	.
Deadline	NN
for	IN
nominations	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
2007	CD
award	NN
is	VBZ
January	NNP
31	CD
,	,
2007	CD
.	.
The	DT
Chevron	NNP
Corporation	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
invite	VBP
college	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
this	DT
annual	JJ
competition	NN
honoring	VBG
innovative	JJ
programming	NN
in	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Selection	NNP
Committee	NNP
will	MD
screen	VB
all	DT
entries	NNS
and	CC
identify	VB
those	DT
entries	NNS
it	PRP
wishes	VBZ
to	TO
consider	VB
further	RB
.	.
If	IN
your	PRP$
entry	NN
is	VBZ
selected	VBN
for	IN
further	JJ
consideration	NN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
will	MD
be	VB
asked	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
additional	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
your	PRP$
program	NN
.	.
Be	VB
innovative	JJ
by	IN
demonstrating	VBG
a	DT
significant	JJ
change	NN
or	CC
new	JJ
methodology	NN
in	IN
programming\/service	JJ
delivery	NN
and\/or	CC
by	IN
generating	VBG
new	JJ
information	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
assist	VB
in	IN
the	DT
improvement	NN
or	CC
implementation	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
institutions	NNS
services	NNS
or	CC
programs	NNS
.	.
The	DT
need	NN
for	IN
such	JJ
a	DT
review	NN
was	VBD
identified	VBN
from	IN
two	CD
recent	JJ
member	NN
surveys	NNS
,	,
one	CD
indicating	VBG
that	IN
member	NN
recognition	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
least	RBS
important	JJ
role	NN
for	IN
the	DT
association	NN
;	:
the	DT
other	JJ
indicating	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
Awards	NNP
Program	NNP
was	VBD
the	DT
least	JJS
valued	VBN
member	NN
benefit	NN
.	.
The	DT
individual	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
receiving	VBG
these	DT
awards	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
a	DT
member	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
NACE	NNP
and	CC
must	MD
have	VB
made	VBN
notable	JJ
contributions	NNS
with	IN
distinguished	JJ
achievement	NN
to	TO
the	DT
association	NN
or	CC
the	DT
profession	NN
during	IN
the	DT
previous	JJ
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
Excellence	NNP
Award	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Vision	NNP
and	CC
Future	NNP
of	IN
NACE	NNP
was	VBD
established	VBN
to	TO
recognize	VB
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
foresight	NN
and	CC
unlimited	JJ
efforts	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
establishment	NN
,	,
development	NN
,	,
and	CC
growth	NN
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
.	.
Any	DT
individual	NN
may	MD
nominate	VB
a	DT
colleague	NN
or	CC
support	VB
a	DT
nomination	NN
.	.
Board	NNP
members	NNS
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
recognize	VB
committee	NN
and	CC
task	NN
force	NN
members	NNS
who	WP
made	VBD
a	DT
significant	JJ
contribution	NN
to	TO
the	DT
work	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
group	NN
.	.
Please	VB
use	VB
the	DT
online	JJ
form	NN
.	.
This	DT
award	NN
recognizes	VBZ
the	DT
programs	NNS
and	CC
innovations	NNS
that	WDT
go	VBP
above	RB
and	CC
beyond	IN
the	DT
profession	NN
's	POS
standards	NNS
in	IN
aiding	VBG
a	DT
student	NN
in	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
career	NN
development	NN
or	CC
developing	VBG
an	DT
effective	JJ
college	NN
relations	NNS
program	NN
.	.
Information	NNP
Resources	NNP
for	IN
Students	NNS
recognizes	VBZ
the	DT
best	JJS
information\/resources	NNS
on	IN
career	NN
development	NN
or	CC
employment	NN
topics	NNS
.	.
The	DT
information\/resource	NN
must	MD
be	VB
targeted	VBN
to	TO
and	CC
distributed	VBN
to	TO
college	NN
students	NNS
free	JJ
of	IN
charge	NN
.	.
Educational	NNP
Programming	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
the	DT
best	JJS
educational	JJ
programs	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
career	NN
development	NN
or	CC
employment	NN
and	CC
targeted	VBN
to	TO
students	NNS
or	CC
career	NN
center\/college	NN
recruiting	VBG
staff	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
can	MD
be	VB
delivered	VBN
via	IN
workshop	NN
or	CC
self-study	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
print	NN
,	,
video	NN
,	,
CD-ROM	NN
,	,
or	CC
web	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Examples	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
type	NN
of	IN
educational	JJ
programs	NNS
to	TO
submit	VB
include	VBP
new-hire	JJ
orientation	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
recruiter	NN
training	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
career	NN
development	NN
or	CC
job-search	JJ
workshops	NNS
,	,
peer	VB
career	NN
counseling	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
credit	NN
and	CC
non-credit	JJ
career	NN
classes	NNS
,	,
internship	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
ambassador	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Council	NNP
,	,
Inc.	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CPC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
Board	NNP
of	IN
Governors	NNP
,	,
acknowledges	VBZ
the	DT
accomplishments	NNS
and	CC
contributions	NNS
of	IN
Warren	NNP
E.	NNP
Kauffman	NNP
,	,
who	WP
served	VBD
the	DT
association	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
30	CD
years	NNS
.	.
The	DT
recipient	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
award	NN
is	VBZ
recognized	VBN
for	IN
making	VBG
a	DT
tangible	JJ
contribution	NN
to	TO
NACE	NNP
that	IN
significantly	RB
improved	VBN
the	DT
association	NN
.	.
To	TO
nominate	VB
a	DT
colleague	NN
,	,
write	VB
a	DT
letter	NN
citing	VBG
the	DT
contributions	NNS
your	PRP$
nominee	NN
has	VBZ
made	VBN
.	.
Please	VB
be	VB
as	IN
detailed	VBN
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
Include	NNP
the	DT
name	NN
and	CC
contact	NN
information	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
nominee	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
name	NN
and	CC
contact	NN
information	NN
.	.
Valuing	VBG
individual	JJ
diversity	NN
means	VBZ
reaching	VBG
beyond	IN
stereotypical	JJ
views	NNS
of	IN
individuals	NNS
and	CC
using	VBG
the	DT
strengths	NNS
and	CC
different	JJ
perspectives	NNS
that	WDT
each	DT
person	NN
offers	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
culture	NN
,	,
religion	NN
,	,
ethnicity	NN
,	,
gender	NN
,	,
race	NN
,	,
national	JJ
origin	NN
,	,
disability	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
orientation	NN
,	,
and	CC
age	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
's	POS
Board	NNP
,	,
committees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
task	NN
forces	NNS
will	MD
reflect	VB
the	DT
individual	JJ
diversity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
profession	NN
.	.
Even	RB
more	RBR
important	JJ
,	,
they	PRP
will	MD
embrace	VB
and	CC
derive	VB
value	NN
from	IN
the	DT
diverse	JJ
views	NNS
that	WDT
each	DT
individual	JJ
brings	VBZ
to	TO
a	DT
task	NN
at	IN
hand	NN
.	.
The	DT
stated	VBN
objective	NN
of	IN
this	DT
new	JJ
association	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
promote	VB
professional	JJ
improvement	NN
for	IN
its	PRP$
members	NNS
through	IN
an	DT
interchange	NN
of	IN
information	NN
on	IN
common	JJ
placement	NN
problems	NNS
.	.
The	DT
association	NN
planned	VBD
to	TO
accomplish	VB
this	DT
objective	NN
through	IN
conventions	NNS
,	,
general	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
and	CC
presentations	NNS
by	IN
speakers	NNS
who	WP
had	VBD
undertaken	VBN
specific	JJ
studies	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
the	DT
foundations	NNS
were	VBD
laid	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
Regional	NNP
Associations	NNPS
and	CC
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
Great	NNP
Depression	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
nineteen-thirties	NNS
,	,
there	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
growing	VBG
demand	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
from	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
faculty	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
vocational	JJ
guidance	NN
.	.
At	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
the	DT
original	JJ
ECPO	NNP
group	NN
was	VBD
expanded	VBN
to	TO
admit	VB
employer	NN
recruiters	NNS
.	.
Elsewhere	RB
in	IN
the	DT
country	NN
in	IN
the	DT
1930s	NNS
and	CC
throughout	IN
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
1940s	NNS
,	,
there	EX
was	VBD
no	DT
common	JJ
ground	NN
for	IN
employers	NNS
and	CC
placement	NN
people	NNS
who	WP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
meet	VB
and	CC
discuss	VB
their	PRP$
mutual	JJ
problems	NNS
.	.
Following	VBG
World	NNP
War	NNP
II	NNP
,	,
frantic	JJ
recruiting	NN
activity	NN
gave	VBD
tremendous	JJ
momentum	NN
to	TO
organized	VBN
recruitment	NN
and	CC
placement	NN
groups	NNS
.	.
In	IN
December	NNP
1947	CD
,	,
the	DT
Rocky	NNP
Mountain	NNP
College	NNP
Placement	NNP
Association	NNP
was	VBD
formed	VBN
by	IN
10	CD
educators	NNS
.	.
The	DT
following	JJ
year	NN
,	,
1948	CD
,	,
three	CD
major	JJ
events	NNS
took	VBD
place	NN
that	WDT
had	VBD
a	DT
profound	JJ
impact	NN
on	IN
the	DT
college	NN
placement	NN
field	NN
.	.
GE	NNP
invited	VBD
recruiters	NNS
from	IN
major	JJ
firms	NNS
and	CC
selected	VBN
placement	NN
officers	NNS
from	IN
various	JJ
universities	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
at	IN
Schenectady	NNP
,	,
New	NNP
York	NNP
,	,
for	IN
a	DT
discussion	NN
of	IN
mutual	JJ
issues	NNS
pertaining	VBG
to	TO
placement	NN
.	.
From	IN
those	DT
conversations	NNS
,	,
a	DT
code	NN
of	IN
recruitment	NN
ethics	NNS
was	VBD
developed	VBN
.	.
There	EX
also	RB
was	VBD
a	DT
strong	JJ
push	NN
to	TO
encourage	VB
the	DT
formation	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
regional	JJ
placement	NN
associations	NNS
to	TO
connect	VB
recruiters	NNS
and	CC
placement	NN
directors	NNS
.	.
The	DT
regional	JJ
placement	NN
associations	NNS
commonly	RB
agreed	VBD
that	IN
each	DT
group	NN
would	MD
remain	VB
autonomous	JJ
and	CC
that	IN
any	DT
proposed	JJ
national	JJ
meetings	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
total	JJ
membership	NN
would	MD
be	VB
specifically	RB
prohibited	VBN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
as	IN
the	DT
eight	CD
regional	JJ
placement	NN
associations	NNS
of	IN
North	NNP
America	NNP
grew	VBD
in	IN
size	NN
and	CC
complexity	NN
,	,
their	PRP$
activities	NNS
,	,
conference	NN
dates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
projects	NNS
often	RB
overlapped	VBD
,	,
resulting	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
duplication	NN
of	IN
efforts	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
became	VBD
obvious	JJ
that	IN
coordination	NN
and	CC
communication	NN
on	IN
a	DT
national	JJ
scale	NN
woud	NN
require	VBP
a	DT
vehicle	NN
not	RB
yet	RB
in	IN
existence	NN
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
the	DT
regional	JJ
placement	NN
associations	NNS
was	VBD
taking	VBG
place	NN
,	,
an	DT
interesting	JJ
parallel	NN
unfolded	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
publishing	NN
field	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
catalyst	NN
in	IN
the	DT
formation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
College	NNP
Placement	NNP
Council	NNP
,	,
now	RB
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
.	.
In	IN
1940	CD
,	,
Dr.	NNP
Clarence	NNP
E.	NNP
Clewell	NNP
,	,
the	DT
director	NN
of	IN
placement	NN
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Pennsylvania	NNP
,	,
helped	VBD
to	TO
establish	VB
the	DT
Pennsylvania	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
School	NNP
and	CC
College	NNP
Placement	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
also	RB
was	VBD
the	DT
editor	NN
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
edition	NN
of	IN
School	NNP
and	CC
College	NNP
Placement	NNP
,	,
the	DT
first	JJ
formal	JJ
attempt	NN
to	TO
establish	VB
a	DT
national	JJ
communications	NNS
vehicle	NN
among	IN
all	DT
interested	JJ
recruiters	NNS
and	CC
placement	NN
officials	NNS
.	.
Gordon	NNP
A.	NNP
Hardwick	NNP
,	,
a	DT
Philadelphia	NNP
insurance	NN
executive	NN
,	,
was	VBD
named	VBN
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Association	NNP
of	IN
School	NNP
and	CC
College	NNP
Placement	NNP
in	IN
1941	CD
,	,
and	CC
for	IN
a	DT
decade	NN
held	VBD
the	DT
association	NN
together	RB
with	IN
his	PRP$
interest	NN
,	,
financial	JJ
support	NN
,	,
and	CC
office	NN
space	NN
.	.
When	WRB
he	PRP
retired	VBD
from	IN
active	JJ
management	NN
in	IN
1950	CD
,	,
the	DT
demise	NN
of	IN
School	NNP
and	CC
College	NNP
Placement	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
many	JJ
placement	NN
people	NNS
valued	VBN
,	,
appeared	VBD
imminent	JJ
.	.
Mitchell	NNP
,	,
placement	NN
director	NN
at	IN
Duke	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
and	CC
E.	NNP
Craig	NNP
Sweeten	NNP
,	,
director	NN
of	IN
placement	NN
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Pennsylvania	NNP
.	.
Ms.	NNP
Mitchell	NNP
also	RB
was	VBD
named	VBN
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
parent	NN
,	,
the	DT
Association	NNP
of	IN
School	NNP
and	CC
College	NNP
Placement	NNP
.	.
During	IN
her	PRP$
term	NN
of	IN
office	NN
,	,
the	DT
title	NN
of	IN
the	DT
association	NN
's	POS
publication	NN
was	VBD
changed	VBN
from	IN
School	NNP
and	CC
College	NNP
Placement	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Journal	NNP
of	IN
College	NNP
Placement	NNP
.	.
The	DT
October	NNP
1955	CD
issue	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Journal	NNP
included	VBD
a	DT
report	NN
on	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
presidents	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
eight	CD
regional	JJ
associations	NNS
held	VBN
in	IN
Philadelphia	NNP
in	IN
June	NNP
.	.
The	DT
article	NN
summarized	VBN
the	DT
discussions	NNS
which	WDT
centered	VBD
upon	IN
the	DT
advisability	NN
of	IN
forming	VBG
a	DT
national	JJ
advisory	JJ
council	NN
.	.
The	DT
council	NN
would	MD
pursue	VB
several	JJ
objectives	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
dissemination	NN
of	IN
information	NN
through	IN
the	DT
Journal	NNP
of	IN
College	NNP
Placement	NNP
.	.
That	DT
fall	NN
,	,
the	DT
proposal	NN
was	VBD
brought	VBN
before	IN
the	DT
eight	CD
regional	JJ
associations	NNS
for	IN
action	NN
so	IN
that	IN
a	DT
formal	JJ
structure	NN
might	MD
be	VB
organized	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
coordination	NN
of	IN
activities	NNS
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
regional	JJ
associations	NNS
agreed	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
safeguards	NNS
written	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
constitution	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
council	NN
could	MD
permit	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
endorse	VB
and	CC
support	VB
a	DT
national	JJ
or	CC
international	JJ
coordinating	VBG
agency	NN
.	.
The	DT
executive	NN
committee	NN
and	CC
the	DT
administrative	JJ
boards	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
eight	CD
regional	JJ
associations	NNS
met	VBD
at	IN
Lehigh	NNP
University	NNP
in	IN
June	NNP
1956	CD
to	TO
form	VB
the	DT
College	NNP
Placement	NNP
Publications	NNP
Council	NNP
with	IN
Everett	NNP
A.	NNP
Teal	NNP
,	,
the	DT
placement	NN
director	NN
at	IN
Lehigh	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
as	IN
president	NN
,	,
and	CC
Mr.	NNP
Herrick	NNP
as	IN
executive	JJ
director	NN
.	.
Shortly	RB
thereafter	RB
,	,
CPC	NNP
began	VBD
publishing	VBG
a	DT
national	JJ
directory	NN
of	IN
practitioners	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
1959	CD
began	VBD
collecting	VBG
and	CC
reporting	VBG
entry-level	JJ
salary	NN
offers	NNS
made	VBD
to	TO
college	NN
graduates	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
CPC	NNP
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
.	.
The	DT
publishing	NN
function	NN
of	IN
the	DT
College	NNP
Placement	NNP
Council	NNP
was	VBD
thus	RB
established	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
very	RB
outset	NN
.	.
Meeting	VBG
in	IN
1975	CD
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
1980s	CD
,	,
CPC	NNP
introduced	VBD
professional	JJ
standards	NNS
for	IN
its	PRP$
members	NNS
,	,
more	JJR
training	NN
and	CC
development	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
three	CD
National	NNP
Meetings	NNS
,	,
legal	JJ
columns	NNS
in	IN
publications	NNS
,	,
and	CC
an	DT
awards	NNS
program	NN
to	TO
recognize	VB
member	NN
accomplishments	NNS
.	.
During	IN
this	DT
decade	NN
,	,
CPC	NNP
also	RB
published	VBD
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
benchmark	JJ
research	NN
studies	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
1990s	CD
,	,
NACE	NNP
continued	VBD
to	TO
expand	VB
its	PRP$
services	NNS
including	VBG
roundtables	NNS
for	IN
employers	NNS
,	,
a	DT
one-week	JJ
management	NN
training	NN
program	NN
for	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
more	JJR
research	NN
studies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
introduction	NN
of	IN
JobWeb	NNP
,	,
the	DT
association	NN
's	POS
Internet	NNP
web	NN
site	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
continues	VBZ
today	NN
as	IN
a	DT
national	JJ
publisher	NN
for	IN
the	DT
profession	NN
,	,
but	CC
its	PRP$
role	NN
and	CC
horizons	NNS
have	VBP
expanded	VBN
considerably	RB
.	.
Back	RB
in	IN
1956	CD
,	,
when	WRB
publishing	VBG
the	DT
Journal	NNP
was	VBD
its	PRP$
sole	JJ
function	NN
,	,
the	DT
association	NN
was	VBD
staffed	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
editor	NN
and	CC
a	DT
secretary	NN
.	.
It	PRP
had	VBD
an	DT
annual	JJ
budget	NN
of	IN
$	$
20,000	CD
and	CC
a	DT
net	JJ
worth	NN
of	IN
minus	CC
two	CD
dollars	NNS
.	.
Today	NN
,	,
a	DT
staff	NN
of	IN
37	CD
full-time	JJ
and	CC
two	CD
part-time	JJ
employees	NNS
administers	VBZ
a	DT
budget	NN
of	IN
$	$
6.2	CD
million	CD
.	.
While	IN
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
staff	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
Bethlehem	NNP
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
also	RB
employees	NNS
in	IN
Maryland	NNP
,	,
Illinois	NNP
,	,
Texas	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Washington	NNP
.	.
NACE	NNP
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
charter	NN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Network	NNP
of	IN
Graduate	NNP
Recruitment	NNP
and	CC
Development	NNP
Associations	NNPS
-LRB-	-LRB-
INGRADA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
associations	NNS
from	IN
countries	NNS
world	NN
wide	JJ
,	,
serving	VBG
professionals	NNS
engaged	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
development	NN
,	,
recruitment	NN
,	,
and	CC
hiring	VBG
of	IN
college	NN
and	CC
university	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
requests	NNS
to	TO
reprint	VB
any	DT
association	NN
materials	NNS
,	,
in	IN
whole	JJ
or	CC
in	IN
part	NN
,	,
should	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
in	IN
writing	VBG
to	TO
Claudia	NNP
Allen	NNP
,	,
editor\/web	NN
content	NN
and	CC
production	NN
manager	NN
,	,
or	CC
by	IN
using	VBG
the	DT
online	JJ
form	NN
.	.
Depending	VBG
on	IN
how	WRB
the	DT
materials	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
,	,
NACE	NNP
typcially	RB
grants	NNS
permission	NN
for	IN
a	DT
limited	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
photocopying	VBG
and\/or	CC
reprinting	VBG
of	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
copyrighted	VBN
materials	NNS
by	IN
its	PRP$
members	NNS
.	.
In	IN
some	DT
cases	NNS
,	,
NACE	NNP
will	MD
allow	VB
nonmembers	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
photocopies	NNS
of	IN
copyrighted	VBN
materials	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
fee	NN
.	.
A	DT
fee	NN
may	MD
be	VB
charged	VBN
when	WRB
materials	NNS
are	VBP
reprinted	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
book	NN
or	CC
magazine	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
NACE	NNP
reserves	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
refuse	VB
reprint	VB
requests	NNS
.	.
All	DT
requests	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
in	IN
writing	VBG
using	VBG
our	PRP$
online	JJ
form	NN
,	,
by	IN
e-mail	NN
,	,
or	CC
by	IN
fax	NN
to	TO
610\/868	CD
-0208	CD
.	.
Please	VB
include	VB
your	PRP$
e-mail	NN
address	NN
so	IN
that	IN
we	PRP
can	MD
reply	VB
to	TO
your	PRP$
inquiry	NN
.	.
Please	VB
allow	VB
at	IN
least	JJS
five	CD
business	NN
days	NNS
for	IN
your	PRP$
request	NN
to	TO
be	VB
processed	VBN
.	.
Permission	NN
grants	NNS
are	VBP
for	IN
one-time	JJ
use	NN
only	RB
.	.
You	PRP
must	MD
re-request	VB
permission	NN
to	TO
reprint	VB
for	IN
any	DT
additional	JJ
reprinting\/photocopying	VBG
beyond	IN
your	PRP$
original	JJ
request	NN
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
making	VBG
additional	JJ
photocopies	NNS
or	CC
reprinting	VBG
an	DT
article	NN
even	RB
if	IN
you	PRP
plan	VBP
to	TO
reprint	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
article	NN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
first	RB
specified	VBN
.	.
In	IN
general	JJ
,	,
NACE	NNP
grants	NNS
limited	JJ
permission	NN
for	IN
electronic	JJ
reproduction	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
materials	NNS
to	TO
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
only	RB
,	,
including	VBG
republishing	VBG
print	NN
or	CC
electronic	JJ
articles	NNS
online	VBP
in	IN
an	DT
internal	JJ
newsletter	NN
or	CC
attaching	VBG
a	DT
PDF	NNP
of	IN
an	DT
article	NN
to	TO
an	DT
e-mail	NN
for	IN
dissemination	NN
within	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
member	NN
organization	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
reserves	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
refuse	VB
any	DT
requests	NNS
to	TO
reprint	VB
NACE	NNP
materials	NNS
for	IN
any	DT
reason	NN
.	.
We	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
grant	VB
reprint	VB
permission	NN
for	IN
reprints	VBZ
used	VBN
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
sales	NNS
,	,
marketing	NN
,	,
or	CC
promotional	JJ
brochures	NNS
or	CC
packages	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
charge	NN
for	IN
use	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
material	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
restrictions	NNS
and	CC
limits	NNS
on	IN
photocopying	VBG
and	CC
reprinting	VBG
.	.
Allow	VB
at	IN
least	JJS
five	CD
business	NN
days	NNS
for	IN
your	PRP$
request	NN
to	TO
be	VB
processed	VBN
.	.
Directors	NNS
in	IN
January	NNP
,	,
2006	CD
.	.
This	DT
plan	NN
outlining	VBG
the	DT
vision	NN
for	IN
NACE	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
information	NN
and	CC
perspectives	NNS
gathered	VBN
from	IN
members	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
year	NN
,	,
a	DT
careful	JJ
scan	VB
of	IN
the	DT
environment	NN
and	CC
the	DT
knowledge	NN
and	CC
insight	NN
of	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
leadership	NN
.	.
This	DT
magazine	NN
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
minority	NN
students	NNS
.	.
Readers	NNS
include	VBP
INROADS	NNP
interns	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
from	IN
historically	RB
black	JJ
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
,	,
Hispanic-serving	JJ
institutions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
tribal	JJ
schools	NNS
.	.
This	DT
edition	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
ideal	JJ
way	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
to	TO
demonstrate	VB
its	PRP$
objectives	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
diverse	JJ
work	NN
force	NN
.	.
Highlight	VB
your	PRP$
potential	JJ
career	NN
paths	NNS
for	IN
new	JJ
graduates	NNS
in	IN
accounting	NN
,	,
administration	NN
,	,
government	NN
,	,
hospitality	NN
,	,
insurance	NN
,	,
public	JJ
relations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
nontechnical	JJ
fields	NNS
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
largest	JJS
circulation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Job	NNP
Choices	NNPS
series	NN
,	,
this	DT
edition	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
perfect	JJ
medium	NN
to	TO
showcase	NN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
to	TO
a	DT
vast	JJ
audience	NN
of	IN
college	NN
job	NN
seekers	NNS
.	.
Build	VB
your	PRP$
brand	NN
among	IN
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
with	IN
Job	NNP
Choices	NNPS
No	DT
other	JJ
publication	NN
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
comes	VBZ
close	RB
to	TO
Job	NNP
Choices	NNPS
in	IN
reach	NN
,	,
credibility	NN
,	,
and	CC
readership	NN
.	.
Rated	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
#	#
1	CD
best-read	JJS
recruitment	NN
publication	NN
among	IN
graduating	VBG
college	NN
students	NNS
,	,
\*	SYM
Job	NNP
Choices	NNPS
offers	VBZ
you	PRP
a	DT
receptive	JJ
audience	NN
primed	VBD
for	IN
information	NN
about	IN
your	PRP$
job	NN
and	CC
career	NN
opportunities	NNS
.	.
By	IN
clicking	VBG
on	IN
your	PRP$
logo	NN
or	CC
by	IN
doing	VBG
a	DT
company	NN
name	NN
search	NN
,	,
students	NNS
connect	VBP
with	IN
your	PRP$
company	NN
profile	NN
.	.
Profile	NN
content	NN
includes	VBZ
your	PRP$
location	NN
,	,
industry	NN
,	,
benefits	NNS
,	,
contact	NN
information	NN
,	,
jobs	NNS
available	JJ
and	CC
qualifications	NNS
needed	VBN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
full	JJ
description	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
company	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
company	NN
logo	NN
in	IN
this	DT
spot	NN
on	IN
the	DT
home	NN
page	NN
draws	VBZ
attention	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
company	NN
as	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
of	IN
choice	NN
.	.
Clicking	VBG
on	IN
your	PRP$
logo	NN
takes	VBZ
job	NN
seekers	NNS
to	TO
an	DT
interesting	JJ
,	,
comprehensive	JJ
article	NN
about	IN
working	VBG
for	IN
your	PRP$
company	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
mailing	NN
lists	NNS
are	VBP
an	DT
efficient	JJ
,	,
effective	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
target	VB
your	PRP$
message	NN
to	TO
a	DT
select	JJ
audience	NN
.	.
And	CC
,	,
because	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
choose	VB
from	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
options	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
tailor	VB
your	PRP$
direct	JJ
mail	NN
efforts	NNS
to	TO
reach	VB
just	RB
those	DT
buyers	NNS
you	PRP
want	VBP
.	.
Your	PRP$
banner	NN
ad	NN
on	IN
the	DT
NACEWeb	NNP
home	NN
page	NN
or	CC
on	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
NACEWeb	NNP
select	JJ
pages	NNS
puts	VBZ
your	PRP$
products	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
customers	NNS
daily	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
come	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
web	NN
site	NN
to	TO
use	VB
NACEWeb	NNP
's	POS
professional	JJ
resources	NNS
.	.
Gain	NN
added	VBD
exposure	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
with	IN
a	DT
link	NN
on	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
NACEWeb	NN
selected	VBN
pages	NNS
.	.
With	IN
just	RB
one	CD
click	NN
,	,
potential	JJ
customers	NNS
will	MD
find	VB
information	NN
about	IN
your	PRP$
products	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
quickly	RB
and	CC
easily	RB
.	.
Two	CD
additional	JJ
Booth	NNP
Personnel	NNP
Registrations	NNPS
with	IN
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
exhibit	NN
hall	NN
only	RB
.	.
Booth	NN
personnel	NNS
receive	VBP
tickets	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
welcome	JJ
reception	NN
,	,
breaks	NNS
,	,
and	CC
lunches	NNS
served	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
exhibit	NN
hall	NN
.	.
There	EX
will	MD
be	VB
a	DT
charge	NN
of	IN
$	$
200	CD
for	IN
each	DT
person	NN
over	IN
the	DT
limit	NN
of	IN
two	CD
.	.
Four	CD
additional	JJ
Booth	NNP
Personnel	NNP
Registrations	NNPS
with	IN
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
exhibit	NN
hall	NN
only	RB
.	.
Booth	NN
personnel	NNS
receive	VBP
tickets	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
welcome	JJ
reception	NN
,	,
breaks	NNS
,	,
and	CC
lunches	NNS
served	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
exhibit	NN
hall	NN
.	.
There	EX
will	MD
be	VB
a	DT
charge	NN
of	IN
$	$
200	CD
for	IN
each	DT
person	NN
over	IN
the	DT
limit	NN
of	IN
four	CD
.	.
When	WRB
Dan	NNP
Nagy	NNP
was	VBD
at	IN
Gulf	NNP
Oil	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
early	JJ
1980s	CD
,	,
the	DT
oil	NN
industry	NN
was	VBD
in	IN
its	PRP$
heyday	NN
.	.
Big	JJ
budgets	NNS
and	CC
aggressive	JJ
hiring	NN
characterized	VBD
HR	NNP
functions	NNS
for	IN
these	DT
companies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
there	EX
were	VBD
many	JJ
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
geologists	NNS
and	CC
petroleum	NN
engineers	NNS
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
boom	NN
,	,
this	DT
particular	JJ
recruit	VB
walked	VBD
into	IN
the	DT
office	NN
where	WRB
one	CD
of	IN
Nagy	NNP
's	POS
colleagues	NNS
was	VBD
scheduled	VBN
to	TO
interview	VB
him	PRP
.	.
Without	IN
introduction	NN
,	,
the	DT
recruit	VB
said	VBD
,	,
``	``
Let	VB
's	PRP
not	RB
waste	VB
any	DT
time	NN
here	RB
,	,
''	''
as	IN
he	PRP
began	VBD
spreading	VBG
sheets	NNS
of	IN
paper	NN
with	IN
offers	NNS
from	IN
other	JJ
oil	NN
companies	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
desk	NN
.	.
``	``
That	DT
's	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
way	NN
we	PRP
work	VBP
,	,
''	''
Nagy	NNP
's	POS
colleague	NN
replied	VBD
.	.
``	``
From	IN
the	DT
offers	NNS
you	PRP
received	VBD
from	IN
other	JJ
companies	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
can	MD
tell	VB
you	PRP
're	VBP
a	DT
good	JJ
candidate	NN
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
'd	MD
like	VB
to	TO
get	VB
to	TO
know	VB
you	PRP
before	IN
making	VBG
an	DT
offer	NN
.	.
''	''
The	DT
recruit	VBP
who	WP
18	CD
months	NNS
earlier	RBR
had	VBD
his	PRP$
choice	NN
of	IN
offers	NNS
walked	VBD
up	RP
to	TO
their	PRP$
table	NN
with	IN
a	DT
much	JJ
humbler	JJ
demeanor	NN
.	.
Nagy	NNP
and	CC
his	PRP$
colleague	NN
recognized	VBD
the	DT
recruit	VB
;	:
however	RB
,	,
the	DT
recruit	VB
did	VBD
n't	RB
recognize	VB
them	PRP
.	.
Camille	NNP
Luckenbaugh	NNP
is	VBZ
NACE	NNP
's	POS
research	NN
director	NN
and	CC
provides	VBZ
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
with	IN
relevant	JJ
benchmarking	NN
data	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
conducts	VBZ
surveys	NNS
of	IN
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
and	CC
analyzes	NNS
and	CC
reports	NNS
on	IN
experiential	JJ
education	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
internships	NNS
and	CC
cooperative	JJ
education	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
career	NN
development	NN
,	,
and	CC
recruiting	NN
and	CC
hiring	VBG
trends	NNS
.	.
Luckenbaugh	NNP
also	RB
reports	VBZ
on	IN
student	NN
opinions	NNS
through	IN
an	DT
annual	JJ
survey	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
graduates	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
.	.
Andrea	NNP
Koncz	NNP
is	VBZ
NACE	NNP
's	POS
employment	NN
information	NN
manager	NN
.	.
She	PRP
analyzes	VBZ
and	CC
reports	VBZ
on	IN
employment	NN
and	CC
job	NN
market	NN
trends	NNS
for	IN
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
researches	VBZ
starting	VBG
salary	NN
information	NN
for	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
report	NN
,	,
and	CC
responds	VBZ
to	TO
inquiries	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
national	JJ
and	CC
regional	JJ
job	NN
market	NN
for	IN
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
starting	VBG
salary	NN
information	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
70	CD
disciplines	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
reports	VBZ
on	IN
employers	NNS
'	POS
hiring	VBG
projections	NNS
through	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
annual	JJ
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
report	NN
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
discuss	VB
the	DT
recruiting	NN
methods	NNS
employers	NNS
favor	VBP
,	,
the	DT
skills	NNS
they	PRP
seek	VBP
in	IN
college	NN
candidates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
challenges	NNS
they	PRP
face	VBP
in	IN
assimilating	VBG
new	JJ
hires	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
workplace	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
able	JJ
to	TO
give	VB
advice	NN
about	IN
specific	JJ
legal	JJ
issues	NNS
regarding	VBG
situations	NNS
particular	JJ
to	TO
your	PRP$
organizations	NNS
,	,
nor	CC
answer	NN
questions	NNS
from	IN
students	NNS
or	CC
alumni	NNS
.	.
For	IN
specific	JJ
legal	JJ
advice	NN
,	,
please	VB
contact	NN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
's	POS
legal	JJ
counsel	NN
.	.
Parts	NNS
of	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
are	VBP
open	JJ
to	TO
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
only	RB
,	,
providing	VBG
exclusive	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
NACE	NNP
resources	NNS
pertaining	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
recruitment	NN
process	NN
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
special	JJ
nature	NN
of	IN
this	DT
privilege	NN
,	,
before	IN
proceeding	VBG
further	RB
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
asked	VBN
to	TO
agree	VB
to	TO
the	DT
following	VBG
regarding	VBG
your	PRP$
use	NN
of	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
.	.
Once	RB
you	PRP
click	VBP
the	DT
``	``
I	PRP
Agree	VBP
''	''
button	NN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
agreeing	VBG
to	TO
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
terms	NNS
and	CC
conditions	NNS
in	IN
this	DT
user	NN
agreement	NN
.	.
Directory	NNP
,	,
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
data	NNS
,	,
articles	NNS
,	,
and	CC
benchmarking	NN
data	NNS
,	,
unless	IN
specifically	RB
noted	VBN
otherwise	RB
,	,
are	VBP
copyrighted	VBN
materials	NNS
owned	VBN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
NACE	NNP
has	VBZ
the	DT
exclusive	JJ
rights	NNS
and	CC
privileges	NNS
in	IN
and	CC
to	TO
the	DT
copyright	NN
in	IN
this	DT
material	NN
.	.
Use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
information	NN
contained	VBN
on	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
is	VBZ
solely	RB
intended	VBN
for	IN
individual	JJ
and	CC
private	JJ
use	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
grants	NNS
you	PRP
a	DT
license	NN
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
material	NN
contained	VBN
on	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
solely	RB
for	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
,	,
private	JJ
noncommercial	JJ
purposes	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
agree	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
copy	VB
,	,
download	NN
,	,
frame	NN
,	,
rent	NN
,	,
lease	NN
,	,
distribute	VB
,	,
re-distribute	JJ
,	,
transmit	VB
,	,
sell	VB
,	,
transfer	VB
to	TO
magnetic	JJ
media	NNS
,	,
or	CC
otherwise	RB
transfer	VB
any	DT
or	CC
all	DT
portions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
material	NN
contained	VBN
on	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
,	,
or	CC
otherwise	RB
take	VB
any	DT
action	NN
,	,
which	WDT
would	MD
be	VB
in	IN
violation	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
copyright	NN
,	,
without	IN
the	DT
specific	JJ
written	VBN
permission	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
All	DT
other	JJ
rights	NNS
are	VBP
reserved	VBN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
Any	DT
individual	JJ
making	VBG
unauthorized	JJ
copies	NNS
or	CC
downloading	VBG
any	DT
NACE	NNP
material	NN
will	MD
be	VB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
penalties	NNS
as	IN
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
the	DT
federal	JJ
and	CC
state	NN
copyright	NN
laws	NNS
.	.
Copyright	NN
and	CC
trademark	NN
infringement	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
federal	JJ
and	CC
state	NN
law	NN
subject	NN
to	TO
criminal	JJ
and	CC
civil	JJ
penalties	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
Directory	NNP
to	TO
conduct	VB
any	DT
commercial	JJ
or	CC
noncommercial	JJ
solicitation	NN
for	IN
sales	NNS
of	IN
products	NNS
,	,
merchandise	NN
,	,
or	CC
services	NNS
.	.
Your	PRP$
use	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
personal	JJ
professional	JJ
use	NN
only	RB
.	.
You	PRP
agree	VBP
that	IN
searches	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
perform	VBP
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
copied	VBN
,	,
downloaded	VBN
,	,
framed	VBN
,	,
rented	VBN
,	,
leased	VBN
,	,
distributed	VBN
,	,
redistributed	VBD
,	,
transmitted	VBD
,	,
sold	VBN
,	,
or	CC
transferred	VBN
to	TO
magnetic	JJ
media	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
also	RB
agree	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
information	NN
contained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Directory	NNP
data	NN
base	NN
to	TO
conduct	VB
any	DT
commercial	JJ
or	CC
noncommercial	JJ
solicitation	NN
or	CC
sales	NNS
of	IN
products	NNS
,	,
merchandise	NN
,	,
or	CC
services	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
agree	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
share	VB
your	PRP$
login	NN
and	CC
password	NN
with	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
person	NN
.	.
You	PRP
understand	VBP
that	IN
material	NN
contained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Directory	NNP
data	NN
base	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
copyrighted	VBN
.	.
Individuals	NNS
making	VBG
unauthorized	JJ
copies	NNS
or	CC
downloading	VBG
will	MD
be	VB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
penalties	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
the	DT
federal	JJ
and	CC
state	NN
copyright	NN
laws	NNS
.	.
Copyright	NN
infringement	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
federal	JJ
and	CC
state	NN
law	NN
subject	NN
to	TO
criminal	JJ
and	CC
civil	JJ
penalties	NNS
.	.
Use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
information	NN
is	VBZ
voluntary	JJ
and	CC
reliance	NN
on	IN
it	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
after	IN
an	DT
independent	JJ
review	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
accuracy	NN
,	,
completeness	NN
,	,
timeliness	NN
,	,
and	CC
applicability	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
particular	JJ
situation	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
assumes	VBZ
no	DT
responsibility	NN
for	IN
and	CC
expressly	RB
disclaims	VBZ
all	DT
liability	NN
for	IN
the	DT
consequences	NNS
resulting	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
or	CC
reliance	NN
on	IN
information	NN
contained	VBN
on	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
.	.
NACE	NNP
assumes	VBZ
no	DT
responsibility	NN
and	CC
disclaims	VBZ
any	DT
liability	NN
for	IN
the	DT
consequences	NNS
resulting	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
products	NNS
,	,
services	NNS
,	,
advertisers	NNS
,	,
or	CC
vendors	NNS
.	.
The	DT
employer	NN
information	NN
on	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
,	,
including	VBG
banners	NNS
or	CC
company	NN
descriptions	NNS
does	VBZ
not	RB
imply	VB
endorsement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
organizations	NNS
purchasing	VBG
these	DT
services	NNS
,	,
nor	CC
any	DT
association	NN
with	IN
their	PRP$
owners	NNS
or	CC
operators	NNS
.	.
NACEWeb	NN
takes	VBZ
no	DT
responsibility	NN
whatsoever	RB
for	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
,	,
hiring	VBG
,	,
or	CC
employment	NN
practices	NNS
of	IN
these	DT
organizations	NNS
.	.
Any	DT
links	NNS
from	IN
NACEWeb.org	NNP
to	TO
a	DT
third-party	JJ
web	NN
site	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
offering	VBG
products	NNS
or	CC
services	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
job	NN
seeker	NN
for	IN
a	DT
fee	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
deemed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
an	DT
endoresement	NN
,	,
representative	NN
,	,
or	CC
warranty	NN
of	IN
that	DT
third	JJ
party	NN
.	.
RetireTalk	NNP
,	,
NACE2Year	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
section	NN
and	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
live	JJ
chat	VBP
,	,
forums	NNS
,	,
bulletin	NN
boards	NNS
,	,
or	CC
discussion	NN
groups	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
hereafter	NN
referred	VBD
to	TO
as	IN
the	DT
Communities	NNS
section	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
provided	VBN
on	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
allows	VBZ
you	PRP
and	CC
other	JJ
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
to	TO
post	VB
information	NN
,	,
provide	VBP
feedback	NN
to	TO
NACE	NNP
,	,
and	CC
interact	VB
in	IN
real	JJ
time	NN
.	.
You	PRP
agree	VBP
that	IN
NACE	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
control	VB
the	DT
information	NN
available	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
Communities	NNS
section	NN
and	CC
that	IN
opinions	NNS
expressed	VBN
by	IN
contributors	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
those	DT
of	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
Since	IN
fellow	NN
professionals	NNS
drive	VBP
the	DT
Communities	NNS
section	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
makes	VBZ
no	DT
warranty	NN
that	IN
the	DT
Communities	NNS
section	NN
will	MD
meet	VB
your	PRP$
requirements	NNS
,	,
or	CC
that	IN
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
uninterrupted	JJ
,	,
timely	JJ
,	,
secure	JJ
,	,
or	CC
error	NN
free	JJ
.	.
Nor	CC
does	VBZ
NACE	VB
make	VB
any	DT
warranty	NN
as	IN
to	TO
the	DT
accuracy	NN
or	CC
reliability	NN
of	IN
any	DT
information	NN
obtained	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
Communities	NNS
section	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
may	MD
store	VB
information	NN
you	PRP
provide	VBP
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
registration	NN
process	NN
and	CC
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
information	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
aggregate	JJ
statistical	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
members	NNS
to	TO
advertisers	NNS
,	,
potential	JJ
advertisers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
content	JJ
licensors	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
also	RB
may	MD
use	VB
such	JJ
information	NN
to	TO
inform	VB
you	PRP
about	IN
other	JJ
publications	NNS
,	,
products	NNS
,	,
and	CC
services	NNS
of	IN
NACE	NNP
,	,
unless	IN
you	PRP
notify	VBP
NACE	NNP
that	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
wish	VB
to	TO
receive	VB
this	DT
information	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
also	RB
may	MD
deliver	VB
additional	JJ
messages	NNS
about	IN
the	DT
service	NN
to	TO
you	PRP
by	IN
e-mail	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
general	JJ
policy	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
disclose	VB
to	TO
third	JJ
parties	NNS
any	DT
specific	JJ
personal	JJ
identifying	VBG
information	NN
about	IN
you	PRP
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
your	PRP$
name	NN
,	,
address	NN
,	,
telephone	NN
number	NN
,	,
or	CC
e-mail	NN
address	NN
.	.
Otherwise	RB
,	,
NACE	NNP
will	MD
not	RB
disclose	VB
any	DT
of	IN
your	PRP$
personal	JJ
identifying	VBG
information	NN
to	TO
a	DT
third	JJ
party	NN
without	IN
first	JJ
notifying	VBG
you	PRP
and	CC
giving	VBG
you	PRP
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
elect	VB
not	RB
to	TO
have	VB
your	PRP$
personal	JJ
identifying	VBG
information	NN
disclosed	VBD
.	.
NACE	NNP
will	MD
fully	RB
comply	VB
with	IN
its	PRP$
Privacy	NNP
Policy	NNP
found	VBD
on	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
's	POS
home	NN
page	NN
.	.
Consult	VB
the	DT
Privacy	NNP
Policy	NNP
if	IN
you	PRP
elect	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
have	VB
your	PRP$
information	NN
disclosed	VBN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
to	TO
a	DT
third	JJ
party	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
asked	VBD
college	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
to	TO
share	VB
information	NN
on	IN
successful	JJ
programs\/processes	NNS
they	PRP
have	VBP
that	DT
serve	VBP
their	PRP$
campus	NN
communities	NNS
or	CC
the	DT
employers	NNS
who	WP
recruit	VBP
at	IN
their	PRP$
schools	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
can	MD
read	VB
the	DT
full	JJ
text	NN
of	IN
these	DT
best	JJS
practices	NNS
articles	NNS
on	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
.	.
In	IN
an	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
increase	VB
awareness	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
help	VB
today	NN
's	POS
millennial	JJ
student	NN
better	RBR
understand	VB
career	NN
options	NNS
,	,
Belmont	NNP
University	NNP
developed	VBD
a	DT
program	NN
that	WDT
assists	VBZ
students	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
career	NN
exploration	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
staff	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Nashville	NNP
school	NN
researched	VBD
the	DT
trends	NNS
,	,
values	NNS
,	,
attitudes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
behaviors	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
millennial	JJ
generation	NN
.	.
They	PRP
observed	VBD
the	DT
changes	NNS
in	IN
new	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
how	WRB
this	DT
generation	NN
is	VBZ
different	JJ
from	IN
previous	JJ
generations	NNS
.	.
``	``
Students	NNS
today	NN
are	VBP
multi-taskers	NNS
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
If	IN
you	PRP
look	VBP
at	IN
their	PRP$
computer	NN
screens	NNS
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
12	CD
different	JJ
windows	NNS
open	JJ
,	,
they	PRP
're	VBP
instant	JJ
messaging	VBG
a	DT
friend	NN
,	,
sending	VBG
an	DT
e-mail	NN
,	,
and	CC
doing	VBG
their	PRP$
homework	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Virginia	NNP
,	,
Elly	NNP
Tucker	NNP
,	,
assistant	JJ
director	NN
of	IN
career	NN
resources	NNS
in	IN
university	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
UCS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
is	VBZ
working	VBG
to	TO
transfer	VB
alumni	NNS
data	NNS
bases	NNS
,	,
directories	NNS
,	,
job	NN
posting	VBG
subscriptions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
various	JJ
handouts	NNS
from	IN
paper	NN
to	TO
digital	JJ
formats	NNS
.	.
Conversion	NNP
of	IN
files	NNS
presents	VBZ
career	NN
librarians	NNS
with	IN
challenges	NNS
.	.
The	DT
workshop	NN
,	,
held	VBN
during	IN
summer	NN
orientation	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
parents	NNS
explore	VB
ways	NNS
to	TO
start	VB
career	NN
conversations	NNS
with	IN
their	PRP$
sons	NNS
or	CC
daughters	NNS
,	,
and	CC
simultaneously	RB
recognize	VB
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
targeted	JJ
conversations	NNS
.	.
This	DT
theme	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
effective	JJ
in	IN
that	IN
the	DT
conversation	NN
starters	NNS
are	VBP
organized	VBN
around	IN
key	JJ
career-planning	JJ
concepts	NNS
and	CC
not	RB
by	IN
progressions	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
class	NN
years	NNS
,	,
an	DT
innovation	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
elicited	VBN
positive	JJ
feedback	NN
from	IN
parents	NNS
.	.
Smith	NNP
Career	NNP
Center	NNP
at	IN
Bradley	NNP
University	NNP
held	VBD
a	DT
mini	NN
job-seeking	JJ
conference	NN
in	IN
September	NNP
2006	CD
that	WDT
provided	VBD
freshman	NN
through	IN
graduate	NN
students	NNS
with	IN
critical	JJ
career	NN
exploration	NN
and	CC
job-search	JJ
information	NN
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
served	VBD
as	IN
a	DT
primer	NN
one	CD
week	NN
before	IN
the	DT
largest	JJS
career	NN
fair	JJ
on	IN
campus	NN
.	.
The	DT
conference	NN
was	VBD
in	IN
response	NN
to	TO
having	VBG
less	JJR
than	IN
satisfactory	JJ
student	NN
attendance	NN
at	IN
workshops	NNS
the	DT
previous	JJ
year	NN
.	.
After	IN
meeting	VBG
to	TO
address	VB
this	DT
issue	NN
,	,
the	DT
staff	NN
decided	VBD
to	TO
package	VB
workshops	NNS
into	IN
one	CD
main	JJ
event	NN
they	PRP
called	VBD
``	``
The	DT
Big	JJ
Event	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
The	DT
Big	JJ
Event	NN
''	''
was	VBD
marketed	VBN
to	TO
appeal	VB
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
who	WP
might	MD
not	RB
have	VB
time	NN
to	TO
devote	VB
four	CD
hours	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
center	NN
staff	NN
encouraged	VBD
students	NNS
to	TO
``	``
come	VB
for	IN
the	DT
keynote	NN
and	CC
stay	VB
for	IN
the	DT
entire	JJ
event	NN
,	,
or	CC
come	VB
and	CC
go	VB
as	IN
your	PRP$
schedule	NN
allows	VBZ
.	.
''	''
Thanks	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
combined	VBN
efforts	NNS
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
communications	NNS
,	,
and	CC
computer	NN
services	NNS
staff	NN
members	NNS
at	IN
Ball	NNP
State	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
students	NNS
can	MD
now	RB
embark	VB
on	IN
an	DT
online	NN
``	``
Quest	NNP
''	''
to	TO
help	VB
match	VB
majors	NNS
,	,
classes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
careers	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
'	POS
interests	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Quest	NNP
program	NN
guides	NNS
students	NNS
through	IN
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
questions	NNS
about	IN
their	PRP$
interests	NNS
,	,
and	CC
using	VBG
programming	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
BSU	NNP
's	POS
academic	JJ
offerings	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
Occupational	NNP
Outlook	NNP
Handbook	NNP
,	,
offers	VBZ
students	NNS
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
activities	NNS
and	CC
related	JJ
careers	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
them	PRP
identify	VB
a	DT
potential	JJ
academic	JJ
course	NN
at	IN
BSU	NNP
along	IN
with	IN
a	DT
future	JJ
career	NN
path	NN
.	.
``	``
Generally	RB
,	,
our	PRP$
goal	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
our	PRP$
students	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
thinking	VBG
intentionally	RB
about	IN
their	PRP$
gifts	NNS
,	,
talents	NNS
,	,
skills	NNS
,	,
and	CC
abilities	NNS
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
connect	VB
them	PRP
with	IN
academic	JJ
,	,
vocational	JJ
,	,
and	CC
experiential	JJ
opportunities	NNS
,	,
''	''
explains	VBZ
Robert	NNP
Rostoni	NNP
,	,
director	NN
of	IN
career	NN
development	NN
.	.
Titled	VBN
``	``
A	DT
Faculty	NNP
Roundtable	NNP
:	:
Exploring	VBG
Majors	NNP
in	IN
Math	NNP
and	CC
Science	NNP
,	,
''	''
the	DT
event	NN
attracted	VBD
more	JJR
than	IN
65	CD
students	NNS
looking	VBG
to	TO
find	VB
out	RP
what	WP
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
their	PRP$
math	NN
or	CC
science	NN
degrees	NNS
.	.
The	DT
success	NN
of	IN
this	DT
event	NN
,	,
and	CC
requests	NNS
from	IN
other	JJ
academic	JJ
departments	NNS
,	,
will	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
future	JJ
roundtables	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Fall	NN
semester	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
student	NN
leadership	NN
and	CC
activities	NNS
department	NN
at	IN
Ferris	NNP
State	NNP
University	NNP
in	IN
Big	NNP
Rapids	NNP
,	,
Michigan	NNP
merged	VBD
two	CD
separate	JJ
conferences	NNS
into	IN
one	CD
event	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
pool	VB
human	JJ
and	CC
financial	JJ
resources	NNS
,	,
result	NN
in	IN
greater	JJR
efficiency	NN
,	,
reduce	VB
costs	NNS
,	,
increase	NN
attendance	NN
,	,
and	CC
offer	VBP
a	DT
more	JJR
comprehensive	JJ
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
new	JJ
conference	NN
includes	VBZ
as	IN
many	JJ
as	IN
four	CD
motivational	JJ
keynote	JJ
speakers	NNS
and	CC
15	CD
breakout	NN
sessions	NNS
on	IN
leadership	NN
and	CC
career	NN
success	NN
topics	NNS
.	.
By	IN
all	DT
accounts	NNS
,	,
the	DT
conference	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
successful	JJ
.	.
After	IN
employer	NN
surveys	NNS
told	VBD
Old	NNP
Dominion	NNP
University	NNP
's	POS
career	NN
management	NN
center	NN
staff	NN
that	WDT
students	NNS
do	VBP
n't	RB
attend	VB
career	NN
fairs	NNS
properly	RB
attired	VBN
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
created	VBD
a	DT
campaign	NN
called	VBN
``	``
Do	VBP
n't	RB
Be	VB
a	DT
Job	NNP
Fair	NNP
Dummy	NNP
.	.
''	''
The	DT
program	NN
,	,
which	WDT
ran	VBD
a	DT
month	NN
before	IN
the	DT
March	NNP
2006	CD
career	NN
fair	JJ
,	,
had	VBD
the	DT
support	NN
from	IN
local	JJ
merchants	NNS
,	,
who	WP
provided	VBD
well	RB
dressed	VBN
mannequins	NNS
,	,
and	CC
employers	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
an	DT
image	NN
coach	NN
sponsored	VBN
by	IN
Target	NNP
Company	NNP
.	.
The	DT
results	NNS
?	.
The	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
came	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
career	NN
fair	JJ
properly	RB
dressed	VBN
,	,
hundreds	NNS
came	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
registration	NN
booth	NN
to	TO
compare	VB
themselves	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
dummies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
employers	NNS
were	VBD
well	RB
pleased	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
campaign	NN
's	POS
success	NN
.	.
While	IN
Rutgers	NNP
University	NNP
was	VBD
swept	VBN
up	RP
in	IN
alumnus	NN
Randal	NNP
Pinkett	NNP
's	POS
quest	NN
to	TO
be	VB
``	``
hired	VBN
''	''
on	IN
NBC	NNP
's	POS
``	``
The	DT
Apprentice	NNP
,	,
''	''
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
career	NN
services	NNS
department	NN
launched	VBD
a	DT
reality-based	JJ
web	NN
series	NN
that	WDT
followed	VBD
five	CD
Rutgers	NNP
'	POS
juniors	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
searched	VBD
for	IN
summer	NN
internships	NNS
.	.
``	``
The	DT
Intern	NNP
''	''
chronicled	VBD
the	DT
students	NNS
'	POS
experiences	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
web	NN
site	NN
through	IN
every	DT
phase	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
internship	NN
search	NN
.	.
The	DT
goal	NN
was	VBD
for	IN
other	JJ
students	NNS
to	TO
emulate	VB
the	DT
strategies	NNS
showcased	VBD
on	IN
``	``
The	DT
Intern	NNP
''	''
and	CC
land	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
internships	NNS
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
of	IN
2005	CD
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
department	NN
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Massachusetts	NNP
in	IN
Lowell	NNP
met	VBD
with	IN
the	DT
dean	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
residence	NN
life	NN
staff	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
having	VBG
each	DT
resident	NN
adviser	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
RA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
student	NN
assistant	JJ
residence	NN
director	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
ARD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
attend	VBP
an	DT
individual	JJ
meeting	NN
with	IN
a	DT
career	NN
counselor	NN
during	IN
the	DT
fall	NN
semester	NN
.	.
The	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
at	IN
Davidson	NNP
College	NNP
in	IN
North	NNP
Carolina	NNP
is	VBZ
working	VBG
to	TO
assess	VB
student-learning	JJ
outcomes	NNS
and	CC
apply	VB
the	DT
results	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
programming	NN
and	CC
services	NNS
it	PRP
offers	VBZ
.	.
To	TO
accomplish	VB
this	DT
,	,
a	DT
26-question	JJ
survey	NN
was	VBD
developed	VBN
that	DT
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
Taylor	NNP
and	CC
Betz	NNP
's	POS
Career	NNP
Decision-Making	NNP
Self-Efficacy	NNP
Scale	NNP
.	.
The	DT
goal	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
using	VBG
career	NN
services	NNS
over	IN
time	NN
was	VBD
positively	RB
related	VBN
to	TO
self-efficacy	NN
.	.
Data	NNP
has	VBZ
shown	VBN
that	IN
overall	JJ
service	NN
utilization	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
related	VBN
to	TO
self-efficacy	NN
,	,
but	CC
that	DT
internships	NNS
,	,
individual	JJ
appointments	NNS
,	,
and	CC
workshops	NNS
are	VBP
.	.
Knowing	VBG
where	WRB
WMU	NNP
students	NNS
gain	NN
employment	NN
is	VBZ
important	JJ
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
Career	NNP
and	CC
Student	NNP
Employment	NNP
Services	NNPS
department	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
CSES	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
wanted	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
held	VBN
accountable	JJ
for	IN
facilitating	VBG
learning	NN
and	CC
personal	JJ
development	NN
,	,
not	RB
``	``
placing	VBG
''	''
students	NNS
.	.
To	TO
begin	VB
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
developing	VBG
the	DT
framework	NN
that	WDT
became	VBD
its	PRP$
new	JJ
strategic	JJ
assessment	NN
plan	NN
,	,
CSES	NNP
identified	VBD
what	WP
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
accountable	JJ
for	IN
based	VBN
on	IN
what	WP
it	PRP
wanted	VBD
the	DT
students	NNS
to	TO
learn	VB
,	,
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
do	VB
,	,
and	CC
experience	NN
within	IN
the	DT
framework	NN
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
development	NN
model	NN
.	.
The	DT
center	NN
uses	VBZ
low	JJ
tech	NN
methods	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
sign	NN
in	IN
sheet	NN
whose	WP$
information	NN
is	VBZ
entered	VBN
into	IN
an	DT
Access	NNP
data	NN
base	NN
to	TO
show	VB
faculty	NN
,	,
administrators	NNS
,	,
potential	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
parents	NNS
how	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
helping	VBG
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
center	NN
also	RB
gauges	VBZ
satisfaction	NN
and	CC
solicits	VBZ
recommendations	NNS
for	IN
future	JJ
actions	NNS
from	IN
participating	VBG
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
career	NN
center	NN
also	RB
maintains	VBZ
a	DT
first	JJ
destination	NN
data	NNS
base	NN
of	IN
graduates	NNS
.	.
An	DT
early	JJ
start	NN
and	CC
repeated	VBD
follow	VB
up	RP
surveys	NNS
,	,
e-mail	NN
and	CC
phone	NN
calls	NNS
result	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
97	CD
to	TO
99	CD
percent	NN
response	NN
rate	NN
to	TO
the	DT
center	NN
post-graduate	JJ
survey	NN
.	.
Each	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
assigned	VBN
an	DT
ID	NN
and	CC
a	DT
university	NN
e-mail	NN
account	NN
.	.
The	DT
system	NN
allows	VBZ
career	NN
services	NNS
staff	NN
to	TO
login	VB
a	DT
student	NN
contact	NN
by	IN
either	DT
ID	NNP
or	CC
e-mail	NN
.	.
Once	RB
logged	VBN
in	IN
,	,
staff	NN
can	MD
track	VB
individual	JJ
appointments	NNS
,	,
student	NN
attendance	NN
at	IN
presentations	NNS
,	,
workshops	NNS
,	,
and	CC
events	NNS
,	,
and	CC
use	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
service	NN
.	.
Staff	NNP
can	MD
also	RB
track	VB
general	JJ
e-mail	NN
inquiries	NNS
and	CC
even	RB
track	VB
on-campus	JJ
media	NNS
interviews	NNS
and	CC
articles	NNS
in	IN
student	NN
papers	NNS
.	.
Offering	VBG
services	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
organized	VBN
around	IN
academic	JJ
departments	NNS
,	,
and	CC
cataloging	VBG
job	NN
openinings	NNS
and	CC
new	JJ
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
fashion	NN
,	,
center	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
able	JJ
to	TO
produce	VB
monthly	JJ
reports	NNS
showing	VBG
statistics	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
each	DT
academic	JJ
department	NN
.	.
``	``
The	DT
idea	NN
was	VBD
good	JJ
,	,
but	CC
despite	IN
a	DT
strong	JJ
marketing	NN
effort	NN
,	,
we	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
attract	VB
as	RB
many	JJ
students	NNS
as	IN
we	PRP
had	VBD
hoped	VBN
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Toi	NNP
Tyson	NNP
,	,
an	DT
assistant	JJ
director	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
``	``
The	DT
students	NNS
who	WP
attended	VBD
loved	VBD
it	PRP
,	,
but	CC
something	NN
was	VBD
missing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
realized	VBD
what	WP
we	PRP
needed	VBD
:	:
high-profile	JJ
employers	NNS
.	.
''	''
The	DT
series	NN
included	VBD
eight	CD
,	,
two-hour	JJ
events	NNS
,	,
each	DT
focused	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
specific	JJ
career	NN
field	NN
.	.
After	IN
a	DT
brief	JJ
presentation	NN
on	IN
networking	NN
,	,
a	DT
panel	NN
of	IN
professionals	NNS
offered	VBD
their	PRP$
perspectives	NNS
on	IN
effective	JJ
networking	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
then	RB
put	VBP
what	WP
they	PRP
learned	VBD
into	IN
practice	NN
by	IN
networking	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
panelists	NNS
during	IN
a	DT
hors	NNS
d'oeuvre	RB
and	CC
''	''
mocktail	NN
''	''
reception	NN
.	.
At	IN
a	DT
luncheon	NN
which	WDT
included	VBD
alumni	NNS
,	,
guests	NNS
,	,
student	NN
clubs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
individual	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
staff	NN
arranged	VBD
seating	VBG
to	TO
match	VB
alumni	NNS
with	IN
student	NN
clubs	NNS
where	WRB
possible	JJ
.	.
Alumni	NNP
spoke	VBD
about	IN
their	PRP$
careers	NNS
and	CC
how	WRB
networking	NN
has	VBZ
helped	VBN
them	PRP
.	.
All	DT
participants	NNS
recived	VBD
a	DT
handout	NN
with	IN
networking	VBG
tips	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
complementary	JJ
business	NN
card	NN
case	NN
.	.
To	TO
help	VB
counselors	NNS
at	IN
North	NNP
Carolina	NNP
State	NNP
's	POS
career	NN
center	NN
meet	VB
and	CC
connect	VB
with	IN
on-campus	JJ
recruiters	NNS
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
built	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
15-minute	JJ
morning	NN
break	NN
into	IN
its	PRP$
interview	NN
schedules	NNS
.	.
Recruiters	NNS
are	VBP
invited	VBN
for	IN
refreshments	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
center	NN
's	POS
counselors	NNS
.	.
Keuka	NNP
College	NNP
in	IN
Keuka	NNP
,	,
New	NNP
York	NNP
,	,
has	VBZ
embraced	VBN
experiential	JJ
learning	NN
by	IN
adding	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
curriculum	NN
.	.
Requiring	VBG
that	DT
tudents	NNS
complete	VB
a	DT
minimum	JJ
140	CD
yours	NNS
of	IN
field	NN
experience	NN
,	,
Keuka	NNP
ensures	VBZ
that	IN
its	PRP$
students	NNS
have	VBP
what	WP
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
to	TO
go	VB
from	IN
the	DT
classroom	NN
to	TO
real	JJ
life	NN
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
's	POS
Center	NNP
for	IN
Experiential	NNP
Learning	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CEL	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
houses	NNS
six	CD
separate	JJ
programs	NNS
which	WDT
promote	VBP
experiential	JJ
learning	NN
,	,
and	CC
provides	VBZ
one-stop	JJ
shopping	NN
for	IN
employers	NNS
,	,
alumni	NNS
,	,
community	NN
members	NNS
,	,
and	CC
students	NNS
.	.
``	``
We	PRP
hope	VBP
more	JJR
families	NNS
will	MD
read	VB
the	DT
information	NN
,	,
become	VB
more	RBR
educated	VBN
in	IN
talking	VBG
with	IN
their	PRP$
student	NN
on	IN
career-related	JJ
matters	NNS
,	,
and	CC
advise	VB
their	PRP$
students	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
our	PRP$
services	NNS
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
career	NN
counselor	NN
Jodi	NNP
Schneiderman	NNP
.	.
Getting	VBG
First	LS
-	:
and	CC
Second-Year	NNP
Students	NNS
Involved	VBN
in	IN
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
Reaching	VBG
first	JJ
-	:
and	CC
second-year	JJ
students	NNS
is	VBZ
a	DT
challenge	NN
for	IN
most	JJS
career	NN
centers	NNS
.	.
How	WRB
do	VBP
you	PRP
get	VB
these	DT
students	NNS
involved	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
job-search	JJ
process	NN
?	.
The	DT
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
office	NN
recruits	NNS
volunteers	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
campus	NN
newspaper	NN
,	,
the	DT
center	NN
web	NN
site	NN
,	,
and	CC
through	IN
word-of-mouth	NN
.	.
Staff	NNP
members	NNS
interview	NN
students	NNS
interesting	JJ
in	IN
participating	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
task	NN
force	NN
to	TO
find	VB
out	RP
their	PRP$
interest	NN
in	IN
participating	VBG
.	.
Of	IN
particular	JJ
interest	NN
are	VBP
marketing	NN
and	CC
communications	NNS
majors	NNS
,	,
who	WP
benefit	VBP
from	IN
participating	VBG
by	IN
adding	VBG
career	NN
related	VBN
activities	NNS
to	TO
their	PRP$
resumes	NNS
.	.
The	DT
task	NN
force	NN
of	IN
15	CD
student	NN
volunteers	NNS
works	VBZ
with	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
staff	NN
on	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
projects	NNS
,	,
randing	VBG
from	IN
distributing	VBG
flyers	NNS
and	CC
working	VBG
promotional	JJ
tables	NNS
to	TO
planning	VBG
a	DT
marketing	NN
blitz	NN
for	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
mock	JJ
interview	NN
service	NN
and	CC
conducting	VBG
a	DT
campus-wide	JJ
marketing	NN
survey	NN
.	.
Stanford	NNP
University	NNP
's	POS
career	NN
center	NN
offers	VBZ
food	NN
,	,
games	NNS
,	,
prizes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
raffle	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
attending	VBG
their	PRP$
``	``
Frosh	NNP
Open	NNP
House	NNP
''	''
in	IN
an	DT
evening	NN
event	NN
developed	VBN
in	IN
2003	CD
to	TO
attract	VB
students	NNS
early	RB
in	IN
their	PRP$
academic	JJ
career	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
introduced	VBN
to	TO
career	NN
information	NN
along	IN
with	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
services	NNS
offered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
career	NN
development	NN
center	NN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
office	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
at	IN
Buffalo	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
UB	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
began	VBD
its	PRP$
strategic	JJ
planning	NN
process	NN
in	IN
2000	CD
,	,
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
goals	NNS
was	VBD
to	TO
increase	VB
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
using	VBG
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
.	.
The	DT
success	NN
and	CC
populary	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
has	VBZ
prompted	VBN
Millikin	NNP
to	TO
continue	VB
the	DT
practice	NN
into	IN
the	DT
Fall	NN
semester	NN
,	,
when	WRB
the	DT
new	JJ
kit	NN
will	MD
also	RB
include	VB
leather	NN
business	NN
card	NN
holders	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
Millikin	NNP
University	NNP
logo	NN
.	.
Through	IN
this	DT
program	NN
,	,
students	NNS
establish	VB
a	DT
community	NN
leadership	NN
mentoring	VBG
relationship	NN
,	,
cultivate	VB
community	NN
leadership	NN
skills	NNS
,	,
build	VBP
career-networking	JJ
opportunities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
learn	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
`	``
service	NN
above	IN
self	NN
.	.
'	''
It	PRP
also	RB
serves	VBZ
as	IN
an	DT
extension	NN
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
mission	NN
to	TO
connect	VB
students	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
real	JJ
world	NN
of	IN
work	NN
.	.
The	DT
P.L.A.N.	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Promoting	NNP
,	,
Learning	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Networking	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
program	NN
combines	NNS
mentoring	VBG
,	,
job	NN
shadoing	NN
,	,
and	CC
alumni	NNS
networking	VBG
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
unique	JJ
experience	NN
that	WDT
benefits	VBZ
the	DT
500	CD
student	NN
and	CC
professional	JJ
representatives	NNS
that	WDT
participate	VBP
each	DT
year	NN
.	.
A	DT
student-run	JJ
initiative	NN
,	,
the	DT
P.L.A.N.	NNP
committee	NN
reviews	VBZ
student	NN
applications	NNS
and	CC
uses	VBZ
career	NN
center	NN
and	CC
alumni	NNS
contacts	NNS
to	TO
identify	VB
potential	JJ
hosts	NNS
or	CC
mentors	NNS
.	.
Following	VBG
several	JJ
development	NN
workshops	NNS
,	,
students	NNS
meet	VBP
with	IN
mentors	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
dinner	NN
,	,
then	RB
schedule	VB
a	DT
``	``
job	NN
shadow	NN
day	NN
''	''
with	IN
their	PRP$
mentor	NN
.	.
Of	IN
the	DT
more	JJR
than	IN
one	CD
million	CD
students	NNS
who	WP
enter	VBP
four-year	JJ
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
each	DT
year	NN
,	,
fewer	JJR
than	IN
40	CD
percent	NN
will	MD
earn	VB
their	PRP$
degree	NN
in	IN
four	CD
years	NNS
,	,
and	CC
slightly	RB
fewer	JJR
than	IN
60	CD
percent	NN
will	MD
do	VB
so	RB
in	IN
six	CD
years	NNS
,	,
according	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
2002	CD
report	NN
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Education	NNP
Statistics	NNPS
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
see	VBP
us	PRP
as	IN
the	DT
final	JJ
phase	NN
of	IN
the	DT
initial	JJ
handshake	NN
we	PRP
make	VBP
with	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
parents	NNS
,	,
''	''
Gaw	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
We	PRP
make	VBP
a	DT
deal	NN
with	IN
them	PRP
,	,
although	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
explicit	JJ
,	,
that	IN
when	WRB
a	DT
student	NN
gets	VBZ
an	DT
education	NN
from	IN
an	DT
institution	NN
,	,
we	PRP
're	VBP
there	RB
to	TO
help	VB
them	PRP
get	VB
into	IN
graduate	JJ
school	NN
,	,
professional	JJ
school	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
work	NN
position	NN
.	.
If	IN
your	PRP$
college	NN
career	NN
center	NN
is	VBZ
relying	VBG
on	IN
employers	NNS
only	RB
to	TO
do	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
old	JJ
resume	VB
writing	VBG
,	,
dress	NN
for	IN
success	NN
,	,
or	CC
interviewing	VBG
workshops	NNS
,	,
your	PRP$
students	NNS
are	VBP
missing	VBG
out	RP
,	,
says	VBZ
Marcia	NNP
Robinson	NNP
,	,
associate	JJ
director	NN
of	IN
corporate	JJ
relations	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
Student	NNP
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CSPD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
at	IN
Temple	NNP
University	NNP
's	POS
Fox	NNP
School	NNP
of	IN
Business	NNP
and	CC
Management	NNP
.	.
``	``
Many	JJ
career	NN
center	NN
staff	NN
members	NNS
have	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
experience	NN
working	VBG
in	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
and	CC
do	VB
a	DT
great	JJ
job	NN
keeping	VBG
up	RP
with	IN
what	WP
is	VBZ
happening	VBG
in	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
professions	NNS
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
necessarily	RB
what	WP
is	VBZ
happening	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
industries	NNS
they	PRP
are	VBP
advising	VBG
their	PRP$
students	NNS
about	RB
,	,
''	''
Robinson	NNP
explains	VBZ
.	.
''	''
`	``
Efficient	JJ
'	''
and	CC
`	``
effective	JJ
,	,
'	''
or	CC
more	RBR
clearly	RB
stated	VBN
,	,
becoming	VBG
more	RBR
efficient	JJ
and	CC
effective	JJ
in	IN
design	NN
,	,
development	NN
,	,
and	CC
delivery	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
,	,
''	''
according	VBG
to	TO
Jeff	NNP
Nardo	NNP
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
coordinator	NN
at	IN
Coastal	NNP
Carolina	NNP
Community	NNP
College	NNP
.	.
Volunteers	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
are	VBP
enlisted	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
this	DT
small	JJ
career	NN
center	NN
give	VBP
a	DT
big	JJ
impression	NN
across	IN
campus	NN
.	.
With	IN
help	NN
,	,
two	CD
full	JJ
time	NN
staff	NN
members	NNS
are	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
offer	VB
up	RP
to	TO
50	CD
career-related	JJ
programs	NNS
a	DT
year	NN
.	.
Enlisting	VBG
student	NN
workers	NNS
,	,
staff	NN
at	IN
Viterboro	NNP
held	VBD
a	DT
beanbag	NN
toss	VBP
to	TO
market	VB
upcoming	JJ
events	NNS
.	.
Passing	VBG
students	NNS
all	DT
had	VBD
a	DT
chance	NN
to	TO
``	``
toss	VB
it	PRP
in	IN
''	''
and	CC
a	DT
drawing	NN
was	VBD
held	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
who	WP
got	VBD
the	DT
beanbag	NN
in	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
holes	NNS
.	.
Working	VBG
closely	RB
with	IN
faculty	NN
has	VBZ
helped	VBN
this	DT
two-person	JJ
career	NN
center	NN
find	VB
a	DT
place	NN
on	IN
campus	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
counselors	NNS
help	VBP
out	RP
by	IN
holding	VBG
career-related	JJ
presentations	NNS
when	WRB
a	DT
class	NN
would	MD
otherwise	RB
be	VB
canceled	VBN
.	.
To	TO
teach	VB
students	NNS
professional	JJ
behavior	NN
in	IN
social	JJ
settings	NNS
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
at	IN
Tennessee	NNP
Technological	NNP
University	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
TTU	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
has	VBZ
gone	VBN
mobile	JJ
.	.
The	DT
center	NN
's	POS
``	``
Etiquette	NN
on	IN
Wheels	NNP
''	''
program	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
innovative	JJ
student	NN
workshop	NN
designed	VBN
to	TO
bring	VB
basic	JJ
etiquette	NN
training	NN
into	IN
the	DT
classroom	NN
.	.
TTU	NNP
career	NN
services	NNS
uses	VBZ
`	``
on-wheels	JJ
'	''
in	IN
the	DT
title	NN
because	IN
dishes	NNS
,	,
drinks	NNS
and	CC
ice	NN
,	,
and	CC
chips	NNS
and	CC
dip	NN
,	,
are	VBP
brought	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
classroom	NN
in	IN
a	DT
rolling	VBG
cooler	JJR
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
provides	VBZ
student	NN
interaction	NN
with	IN
demonstrations	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
double-dipping	NN
and	CC
cold	JJ
,	,
wet	JJ
handshakes	NNS
.	.
Students	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
St.	NNP
Thomas	NNP
in	IN
St.	NNP
Paul	NNP
,	,
Minnesota	NNP
,	,
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
attend	VB
an	DT
orientation	NN
session	NN
before	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
apply	VB
for	IN
on-campus	JJ
interviews	NNS
.	.
One	CD
issue	NN
with	IN
this	DT
requirement	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
many	JJ
students	NNS
'	POS
schedules	NNS
do	VBP
n't	RB
permit	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
attend	VB
a	DT
session	NN
because	IN
of	IN
academic	JJ
,	,
job	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
commitments	NNS
.	.
To	TO
overcome	VB
the	DT
dilemma	NN
,	,
the	DT
Career	NNP
Development	NNP
Center	NNP
reworked	VBD
the	DT
information	NN
it	PRP
offers	VBZ
during	IN
its	PRP$
standard	JJ
orientation	NN
session	NN
into	IN
a	DT
quiz	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
online	NN
.	.
The	DT
offering	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
effective	JJ
.	.
Of	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
fulfilling	VBG
the	DT
orientation	NN
requirement	NN
,	,
40	CD
percent	NN
do	VBP
so	RB
online	JJ
and	CC
get	VB
interviews	NNS
at	IN
almost	RB
the	DT
same	JJ
rate	NN
as	IN
those	DT
who	WP
attend	VBP
live	JJ
sessions	NNS
.	.
Employer	NN
feedback	NN
to	TO
Lakeshore	NNP
Technical	NNP
College	NNP
's	POS
student	NN
employment	NN
office	NN
told	VBD
them	PRP
that	IN
students	NNS
technical	JJ
skills	NNS
were	VBD
exception	NN
,	,
but	CC
their	PRP$
``	``
soft	JJ
skills	NNS
''	''
needed	VBN
some	DT
work	NN
.	.
To	TO
address	VB
this	DT
,	,
the	DT
``	``
Job	NNP
Seekers	NNPS
'	POS
Boot	NNP
Camp	NNP
''	''
was	VBD
developed	VBN
.	.
Staff	NNP
encouraged	VBD
students	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
their	PRP$
30-45	CD
second	JJ
commercial	JJ
to	TO
describe	VB
their	PRP$
interests	NNS
,	,
values	NNS
,	,
personalities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
skills	NNS
.	.
Employers	NNS
were	VBD
asked	VBN
to	TO
speak	VB
about	IN
thw	NN
works	NNS
of	IN
work	NN
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
industry	NN
and	CC
job	NN
function	NN
.	.
The	DT
career	NN
center	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
only	RB
require	VB
that	IN
students	NNS
be	VB
involved	VBN
in	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
one	CD
professional	JJ
association	NN
,	,
they	PRP
'll	MD
pay	VB
the	DT
bill	NN
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
The	DT
networking	VBG
opportunities	NNS
,	,
opportunities	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
professional	JJ
speaking	NN
,	,
and	CC
potential	JJ
to	TO
build	VB
long-term	JJ
relationships	NNS
and	CC
contacts	NNS
are	VBP
only	RB
a	DT
few	JJ
reason	NN
why	WRB
student	NN
participation	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
.	.
Aspinwall	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
Students	NNS
actively	RB
involved	VBN
can	MD
learn	VB
about	IN
trends	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
industry	NN
,	,
relate	VB
this	DT
to	TO
their	PRP$
current	JJ
classwork	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
apply	VB
it	PRP
in	IN
their	PRP$
internship	NN
or	CC
future	JJ
job	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
very	RB
attractive	JJ
to	TO
employers	NNS
.	.
''	''
Professional	NNP
Development	NNP
Institute	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
PDI	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
an	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
address	VB
three	CD
core	JJ
needs	NNS
:	:
consistency	NN
in	IN
program	NN
development	NN
,	,
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
help	VB
student	NN
develop	VB
skills	NNS
necessary	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
leadership	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
career	NN
planning	NN
,	,
and	CC
ways	NNS
to	TO
collect	VB
important	JJ
data	NNS
for	IN
assessment	NN
of	IN
student	NN
learning	NN
.	.
Participation	NN
is	VBZ
open	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Arkansas	NNP
students	NNS
,	,
although	IN
it	PRP
requires	VBZ
a	DT
true	JJ
commitment	NN
to	TO
training	NN
,	,
development	NN
,	,
and	CC
individual	JJ
career	NN
coaching	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
includes	VBZ
assistance	NN
with	IN
resumes	NNS
,	,
cover	VBP
letters	NNS
,	,
interviews	NNS
and	CC
etiquette	NN
,	,
core	NN
training	NN
seminars	NNS
,	,
personal	JJ
branding	NN
,	,
co-curricular	JJ
``	``
credits	NNS
''	''
earned	VBN
through	IN
an	DT
experiential	JJ
education	NN
program	NN
,	,
the	DT
assignment	NN
of	IN
an	DT
individual	JJ
carer	NN
coach	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
programs	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
U	NNP
of	IN
A	DT
students	NNS
develop	VBP
the	DT
professional	JJ
edge	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
in	IN
the	DT
competitive	JJ
job	NN
market	NN
.	.
East	NNP
Carolina	NNP
University	NNP
's	POS
career	NN
center	NN
enlisted	VBD
the	DT
local	JJ
Kiwanis	NNP
Club	NNP
to	TO
help	VB
expand	VB
their	PRP$
mock	JJ
interview	NN
offerings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
H.I.R.E.D.	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Helping	NNP
Individuals	NNS
Reach	VBP
Employment	NNP
Destinations	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
program	NN
was	VBD
developed	VBN
,	,
using	VBG
the	DT
help	NN
of	IN
retired	JJ
professionals	NNS
to	TO
conduct	VB
mock	JJ
interviews	NNS
with	IN
students	NNS
.	.
Setting	VBG
up	RP
mock	JJ
interviews	NNS
with	IN
real	JJ
companies	NNS
and	CC
job	NN
titles	NNS
has	VBZ
helped	VBN
make	VB
the	DT
process	NN
more	RBR
meaningful	JJ
.	.
The	DT
experience	NN
of	IN
interviewing	VBG
with	IN
seasoned	JJ
professionals	NNS
,	,
have	VBP
helped	VBN
students	NNS
prepare	VBP
for	IN
their	PRP$
real	JJ
interviews	NNS
.	.
Sixty-five	JJ
students	NNS
received	VBD
a	DT
short	JJ
review	NN
of	IN
interview	NN
tips	NNS
and	CC
were	VBD
then	RB
matched	VBN
with	IN
volunteer	NN
employers	NNS
who	WP
held	VBD
10-minute	JJ
interviews	NNS
followed	VBN
by	IN
feedback	NN
from	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
and	CC
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
peers	NNS
.	.
To	TO
receive	VB
the	DT
transcript	NN
notation	NN
,	,
students	NNS
must	MD
complete	VB
a	DT
learning	NN
agreement	NN
plan	NN
,	,
work	VBP
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
240	CD
hours	NNS
within	IN
their	PRP$
field	NN
of	IN
study	NN
,	,
be	VB
evaluated	VBN
,	,
evaluate	VB
their	PRP$
experience	NN
,	,
be	VB
visited	VBN
at	IN
their	PRP$
work	NN
site	NN
,	,
and	CC
make	VB
a	DT
``	``
presentation	NN
''	''
about	IN
their	PRP$
experience	NN
.	.
Presentations	NNS
which	WDT
used	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
faculty	NN
members	NNS
are	VBP
now	RB
made	VBN
to	TO
new	JJ
students	NNS
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
Juniata	NNP
's	POS
-LRB-	-LRB-
required	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
orientation	NN
course	NN
.	.
Interns	NNS
get	VBP
to	TO
sharpen	VB
their	PRP$
presentation	NN
skills	NNS
,	,
and	CC
new	JJ
students	NNS
have	VBP
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
get	VB
a	DT
fresh	JJ
perspective	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
fields	NNS
from	IN
fellow	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
researched	VBD
web	NN
sites	NNS
for	IN
tutorials	NNS
,	,
but	CC
did	VBD
n't	RB
find	VB
any	DT
that	WDT
addressed	VBD
creating	VBG
resumes	NNS
for	IN
entry-level	JJ
professional	JJ
applicants	NNS
.	.
The	DT
department	NN
worked	VBD
with	IN
LSU	NNP
Computing	NNP
Services	NNPS
for	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
year	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
the	DT
online	NN
,	,
step-by-step	JJ
tutorial	NN
and	CC
resume	VB
builder	NN
.	.
While	IN
some	DT
student	NN
balked	VBD
at	IN
a	DT
``	``
cookie-cutter	JJ
approach	NN
''	''
to	TO
resume	VB
writing	VBG
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
staff	NN
showed	VBD
users	NNS
how	WRB
to	TO
be	VB
creative	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
resume	VB
template	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
it	PRP
's	VBZ
beneficial	JJ
for	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
use	VB
it	PRP
.	.
NACE	NNP
asked	VBD
college	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
at	IN
schools	NNS
that	WDT
participate	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
Salary	NNP
Survey	NN
to	TO
identify	VB
employers	NNS
who	WP
they	PRP
felt	VBD
best	JJS
performed	VBN
certain	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
process	NN
.	.
The	DT
following	JJ
companies	NNS
were	VBD
named	VBN
.	.
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
can	MD
read	VB
the	DT
full	JJ
text	NN
of	IN
these	DT
best	JJS
practices	NNS
articles	NNS
on	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
not	RB
a	DT
member	NN
,	,
but	CC
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
read	VB
these	DT
and	CC
other	JJ
important	JJ
articles	NNS
on	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
,	,
click	VBP
here	RB
.	.
Blogging	NNP
,	,
the	DT
latest	JJS
Internet	NNP
phenomenon	NN
,	,
can	MD
be	VB
an	DT
effective	JJ
recruitment	NN
tool	NN
for	IN
employers	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
over	IN
3,500	CD
employee	NN
blogs	NNS
online	VBP
at	IN
Microsoft	NNP
,	,
and	CC
according	VBG
to	TO
Gretchen	NNP
Ledgard	NNP
,	,
marketing	NN
manager	NN
of	IN
staffing	NN
,	,
these	DT
blogs	NNS
assist	VBP
recruiting	VBG
efforts	NNS
by	IN
putting	VBG
a	DT
human	JJ
face	NN
on	IN
the	DT
company	NN
,	,
conveying	VBG
a	DT
passion	NN
for	IN
Microsoft	NNP
,	,
and	CC
empowering	VBG
employees	NNS
.	.
Developing	VBG
these	DT
presentations	NNS
is	VBZ
labor-intensive	JJ
,	,
as	IN
NVR	NNP
tries	VBZ
to	TO
tie	VB
in	IN
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
presentation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
company	NN
's	POS
corporate	JJ
employment	NN
brand	NN
.	.
Providing	VBG
anecdotal	JJ
stories	NNS
reinforces	VBZ
the	DT
corporate	JJ
brand	NN
and	CC
provides	VBZ
professional	JJ
development	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
.	.
For	IN
Plasticpak	NNP
Packaging	NN
of	IN
Garland	NNP
,	,
Texas	NNP
,	,
branding	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
manufacturing	NN
facility	NN
to	TO
college	NN
students	NNS
is	VBZ
as	RB
important	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
branding	NN
done	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
products	NNS
the	DT
the	DT
plastics	NNS
manufacturer	NN
produces	VBZ
bottles	NNS
for	IN
:	:
Dr.	NNP
Pepper	NNP
,	,
Pepsi	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Gatorade	NNP
.	.
United	NNP
Technologies	NNPS
Corporation	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
UTC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
hired	VBD
its	PRP$
first	JJ
INROADS	NNP
intern	NN
in	IN
1984	CD
.	.
This	DT
initial	JJ
focus	NN
on	IN
diversity	NN
representation	NN
and	CC
the	DT
relationship	NN
with	IN
INROADS	NNS
brought	VBD
a	DT
new	JJ
focus	NN
on	IN
promoting	VBG
education	NN
within	IN
the	DT
company	NN
which	WDT
led	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
creation	NN
of	IN
employee	NN
scholar	NN
program	NN
,	,
providing	VBG
tuition	NN
and	CC
textbood	NN
costs	NNS
,	,
time	NN
off	RP
during	IN
the	DT
week	NN
to	TO
study	VB
,	,
and	CC
stock	NN
awards	NNS
to	TO
employees	NNS
graduating	VBG
through	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
Through	IN
their	PRP$
employees	NNS
,	,
UTC	NNP
came	VBD
to	TO
recognize	VB
the	DT
value	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
involved	VBN
with	IN
professional	JJ
organizations	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
development	NN
tool	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
current	JJ
employees	NNS
,	,
as	IN
an	DT
aid	NN
in	IN
recruitment	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
employees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
assist	VB
in	IN
the	DT
retention	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
new	JJ
recruits	NNS
.	.
Close	JJ
relationships	NNS
with	IN
professional	JJ
organizations	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
INROADS	NNS
,	,
the	DT
National	NNP
Society	NNP
of	IN
Black	NNP
Engineers	NNPS
,	,
the	DT
Society	NNP
of	IN
Hispanic	NNP
Professional	NNP
Engineers	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Society	NNP
of	IN
Women	NNP
Engineers	NNPS
,	,
the	DT
National	NNP
Society	NNP
of	IN
Hispanic	NNP
M.B.A.	NNP
s	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Natonal	NNP
Black	NNP
M.B.A.	NNP
Programs	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
STARS	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
Logan	NNP
Associates	NNPS
Program	NNP
provide	VB
a	DT
means	NN
for	IN
the	DT
company	NN
to	TO
hire	VB
qualified	JJ
diverse	JJ
entry-level	JJ
employees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
allows	VBZ
interns	NNS
and	CC
new	JJ
hires	NNS
to	TO
work	VB
in	IN
all	DT
business	NN
units	NNS
across	IN
Time	NNP
Warner	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
Time	NNP
,	,
Inc.	NNP
She	PRP
then	RB
explains	VBZ
that	IN
L-3	NN
wants	VBZ
to	TO
bring	VB
the	DT
co-op	NN
back	RB
either	RB
full-time	JJ
after	IN
graduation	NN
or	CC
to	TO
take	VB
another	DT
assignment	NN
,	,
and	CC
asks	VBZ
the	DT
employees	NNS
to	TO
keep	VB
in	IN
touch	NN
with	IN
the	DT
student	NN
throughout	IN
the	DT
academic	JJ
year	NN
.	.
Sales	NNS
and	CC
management	NN
internships	NNS
at	IN
Mattress	NNP
Firm	NN
allow	VBP
students	NNS
to	TO
gain	VB
real-world	JJ
sales	NNS
and	CC
management	NN
experience	NN
while	IN
working	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
professional	JJ
business	NN
environment	NN
.	.
Interns	NNS
develop	VBP
skills	NNS
in	IN
direct	JJ
consumer	NN
sales	NNS
,	,
internal	JJ
and	CC
external	JJ
marketing	NN
strategies	NNS
,	,
advertising	NN
strategies	NNS
,	,
vendor	NN
relations	NNS
,	,
merchandising	NN
,	,
customer	NN
service	NN
,	,
basic	JJ
accounting	NN
,	,
and	CC
business	NN
management	NN
.	.
Interns	NNS
are	VBP
rewarded	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
different	JJ
ways	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
paid	VBN
a	DT
base	NN
salary	NN
bi-monthly	JJ
and	CC
then	RB
have	VBP
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
earn	VB
commission	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
their	PRP$
performance	NN
on	IN
the	DT
sales	NNS
floor	NN
.	.
Housing	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
for	IN
out-of-state	JJ
interns	NNS
.	.
The	DT
company	NN
has	VBZ
found	VBN
that	IN
``	``
Intern	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Year	NN
''	''
students	NNS
serve	VBP
as	IN
an	DT
incredible	JJ
resource	NN
in	IN
its	PRP$
recruiting	NN
efforts	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
year	NN
following	VBG
their	PRP$
award	NN
,	,
and	CC
have	VBP
been	VBN
responsible	JJ
for	IN
recruiting	NN
and	CC
referring	VBG
new	JJ
students	NNS
for	IN
both	DT
intern	NN
and	CC
full-time	JJ
positions	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
conclusion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
internships	NNS
,	,
Weyerhaeuser	NNP
interns	NNS
give	VBP
a	DT
short	JJ
presentation	NN
about	IN
the	DT
key	JJ
things	NNS
they	PRP
learned	VBD
to	TO
an	DT
audience	NN
of	IN
the	DT
company	NN
's	POS
IT	PRP
senior	JJ
leaders	NNS
,	,
IT	PRP
managers	NNS
,	,
team	NN
members	NNS
,	,
mentors	NNS
,	,
supervisors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
former	JJ
interns	NNS
.	.
Visitors	NNS
from	IN
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
often	RB
attend	VBP
the	DT
intern	NN
presentations	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
Presentations	NNS
do	VBP
n't	RB
just	RB
focus	VB
on	IN
the	DT
interns	NNS
'	POS
work	NN
assignments	NNS
,	,
but	CC
on	IN
the	DT
value	NN
they	PRP
got	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
internship	NN
and	CC
what	WP
they	PRP
learned	VBD
through	IN
their	PRP$
experiences	NNS
.	.
The	DT
interns	NNS
often	RB
have	VBP
some	DT
very	RB
inspirational	JJ
things	NNS
to	TO
share	VB
,	,
and	CC
visitors	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
give	VBP
very	RB
positive	JJ
feedback	NN
about	IN
seeing	VBG
what	WP
a	DT
tremendous	JJ
experience	NN
the	DT
interns	NNS
have	VBP
at	IN
Weyerhaeuser	NNP
.	.
A	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
of	IN
effort	NN
is	VBZ
spent	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
universities	NNS
on	IN
training	NN
and	CC
getting	VBG
to	TO
know	VB
engineers	NNS
before	IN
hiring	VBG
for	IN
full-time	JJ
work	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
recruiter	NN
training	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
foundation	NN
for	IN
achieving	VBG
and	CC
maintaining	VBG
a	DT
high	JJ
retention	NN
rate	NN
for	IN
CRMD	NNP
.	.
Becton	NNP
Dickinson	NNP
,	,
a	DT
manufacturer	NN
of	IN
medical	JJ
and	CC
diagnostic	JJ
healthcare	NN
products	NNS
and	CC
instruments	NNS
,	,
invests	VBZ
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
time	NN
and	CC
resources	NNS
in	IN
its	PRP$
internship	NN
program	NN
,	,
with	IN
a	DT
goal	NN
toward	IN
converting	VBG
its	PRP$
interns	NNS
to	TO
full-time	JJ
hires	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
past	NN
the	DT
program	NN
was	VBD
n't	RB
as	IN
efficient	JJ
because	IN
hiring	VBG
managers	NNS
did	VBD
n't	RB
formally	RB
indicate	VBP
intern-hiring	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
Now	RB
,	,
if	IN
hiring	VBG
managers	NNS
request	NN
interns	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
must	MD
have	VB
the	DT
head	NN
count	NN
budgeted	VBN
for	IN
their	PRP$
department	NN
.	.
KCI	NNP
,	,
a	DT
San	NNP
Antonio-based	JJ
corporation	NN
that	WDT
develops	VBZ
and	CC
markets	VBZ
therapeutic	JJ
systems	NNS
,	,
has	VBZ
developed	VBN
a	DT
ten	CD
week	NN
summer	NN
internship	NN
program	NN
with	IN
a	DT
unique	JJ
4	CD
+1	CD
format	NN
that	WDT
blends	VBZ
hands-on	JJ
experience	NN
with	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
.	.
Spending	VBG
four	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
work	NN
week	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
assigned	VBN
department	NN
and	CC
one	CD
day	NN
in	IN
professional	JJ
development	NN
sessions	NNS
allows	VBZ
KCI	NNP
's	POS
interns	NNS
to	TO
experience	VB
the	DT
real	JJ
work	NN
environment	NN
while	IN
enhancing	VBG
and	CC
developing	VBG
their	PRP$
communication	NN
and	CC
problem-solving	JJ
skills	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
structured	JJ
format	NN
.	.
Lyondell	NNP
Chemical	NNP
,	,
a	DT
manufacturer	NN
of	IN
chemicals	NNS
and	CC
polymers	NNS
,	,
has	VBZ
a	DT
seventy-five	JJ
percent	NN
retention	NN
rate	NN
for	IN
new	JJ
hires	NNS
after	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
service	NN
.	.
And	CC
the	DT
chances	NNS
are	VBP
excellent	JJ
that	IN
those	DT
new	JJ
hires	NNS
actually	RB
started	VBD
through	IN
a	DT
co-op	NN
or	CC
internship	NN
program	NN
.	.
Last	JJ
year	NN
,	,
Lyondell	NNP
met	VBD
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
company	NN
's	POS
full	JJ
time	NN
entry-level	JJ
hiring	VBG
needs	NNS
through	IN
their	PRP$
experiential	JJ
ed	JJ
programs	NNS
.	.
General	NNP
Growth	NNP
Properties	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
GGP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
a	DT
Chicago-based	JJ
real	JJ
estate	NN
investment	NN
trust	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
the	DT
country	NN
's	POS
second-largest	JJ
shopping	NN
center	NN
owner	NN
,	,
provides	VBZ
internships	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
shopping	NN
center	NN
management	NN
industry	NN
.	.
City	NNP
,	,
markets	VBZ
its	PRP$
internship	NN
program	NN
to	TO
17	CD
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
and	CC
hires	VBZ
between	IN
100	CD
and	CC
150	CD
interns	NNS
each	DT
year	NN
.	.
Tom	NNP
Moore	NNP
,	,
regional	JJ
recruiting	NN
manager	NN
,	,
notes	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
acceptance	NN
rate	NN
of	IN
full-time	JJ
offers	NNS
by	IN
interns	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
midwest	JJS
region	NN
last	JJ
year	NN
was	VBD
100	CD
percent	NN
.	.
How	WRB
did	VBD
the	DT
region	NN
achieve	VB
a	DT
perfect	JJ
conversion	NN
rate	NN
?	.
Nationwide	NNP
,	,
an	DT
insurance	NN
and	CC
financial	JJ
services	NNS
company	NN
headquartered	VBN
in	IN
Columbus	NNP
,	,
Ohio	NNP
,	,
offers	VBZ
internships	NNS
to	TO
between	IN
100	CD
and	CC
250	CD
college	NN
students	NNS
each	DT
year	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
Nationwide	NNP
's	POS
internships	NNS
are	VBP
offered	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
and	CC
last	JJ
from	IN
10	CD
to	TO
12	CD
weeks	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
offers	VBZ
some	DT
part-time	JJ
internships	NNS
for	IN
local	JJ
students	NNS
available	JJ
throughout	IN
the	DT
school	NN
year	NN
.	.
Make	VB
the	DT
co-op	NN
a	DT
meaningful	JJ
work	NN
experience	NN
It	PRP
is	VBZ
offered	VBN
each	DT
year	NN
to	TO
approximately	RB
48	CD
qualified	VBN
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
fields	NNS
of	IN
science	NN
,	,
engineering	NN
,	,
professional	JJ
administration	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
occupational	JJ
fields	NNS
.	.
Training	VBG
sessions	NNS
also	RB
provide	VBP
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
campuses	NNS
the	DT
individual	JJ
managers	NNS
will	MD
visit	VB
,	,
so	IN
they	PRP
know	VBP
where	WRB
they	PRP
will	MD
go	VB
on	IN
campus	NN
and	CC
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
and	CC
administration	NN
they	PRP
will	MD
meet	VB
.	.
Students	NNS
use	VBP
Insurance	NN
101	CD
to	TO
gain	VB
insights	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
industry	NN
and	CC
to	TO
prepare	VB
for	IN
the	DT
interview	NN
process	NN
,	,
and	CC
career	NN
center	NN
advisers	NNS
use	VBP
it	PRP
to	TO
gain	VB
additional	JJ
knowledge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
insurance	NN
industry	NN
so	IN
that	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
better	RB
advise	VB
students	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
begin	VBP
the	DT
career	NN
planning	NN
process	NN
.	.
Stockamp	NNP
&	CC
Associates	NNP
,	,
a	DT
small	JJ
,	,
privately	RB
held	VBN
healthcare	NN
firm	NN
with	IN
nearly	RB
400	CD
employees	NNS
,	,
believes	VBZ
the	DT
high-touch	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
college	NN
recruiting	NN
is	VBZ
critical	JJ
to	TO
success	NN
,	,
particularly	RB
in	IN
a	DT
competitive	JJ
job	NN
market	NN
.	.
The	DT
company	NN
benefits	NNS
from	IN
this	DT
approach	NN
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
consistent	JJ
offer\/acceptance	NN
rates	NNS
ranging	VBG
from	IN
72	CD
-	:
to	TO
76-percent	JJ
,	,
increased	VBD
branding	NN
on	IN
targeted	JJ
campuses	NNS
,	,
a	DT
significant	JJ
drop	NN
in	IN
first-year	JJ
attrition	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
hires	NNS
,	,
and	CC
improvement	NN
in	IN
campus	NN
career	NN
center	NN
relationships	NNS
.	.
To	TO
keep	VB
abreast	RB
of	IN
candidate	NN
wants	VBZ
and	CC
desires	NNS
Stockamp	NNP
collects	VBZ
feedback	NN
from	IN
incoming	JJ
hires	NNS
annually	RB
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
that	DT
feedback	NN
,	,
recruiting	VBG
team	NN
members	NNS
review	NN
industry	NN
periodicals	NNS
and	CC
best	JJS
practices	NNS
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
campus	NN
career	NN
centers	NNS
provide	VBP
invaluable	JJ
feedback	NN
,	,
especially	RB
on	IN
the	DT
nuances	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
respective	JJ
student	NN
populations	NNS
.	.
A	DT
vice	NN
president	NN
of	IN
Texas-based	JJ
Advanced	NNP
Micro	NNP
Devices	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
AMD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
recognized	VBD
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
having	VBG
company	NN
executives	NNS
actively	RB
involved	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
.	.
The	DT
vice	NN
president	NN
developed	VBD
a	DT
model	NN
which	WDT
led	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
formation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Technical	NNP
Education	NNP
Committee	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
TEC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
TEC	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
collaboration	NN
of	IN
AMD	NNP
's	POS
university	NN
relations	NNS
staff	NN
and	CC
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
executives	NNS
from	IN
various	JJ
engineering	NN
groups	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
technology	NN
development	NN
group	NN
.	.
The	DT
committee	NN
selects	VBZ
target	NN
schools	NNS
and	CC
distributes	VBZ
monies	NNS
to	TO
schools	NNS
.	.
This	DT
unique	JJ
partnership	NN
between	IN
company	NN
executives	NNS
and	CC
university	NN
relations	NNS
is	VBZ
``	``
key	JJ
to	TO
successfully	RB
administring	VBG
the	DT
decided	VBN
actions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
TEC	NNP
,	,
''	''
according	VBG
to	TO
Kristin	NNP
Paulson	NNP
,	,
university	NN
relations	NNS
manager	NN
for	IN
AMD	NNP
.	.
Because	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
not	RB
streamlined	JJ
their	PRP$
process	NN
to	TO
remove	VB
any	DT
variability	NN
that	WDT
causes	VBZ
inefficiency	NN
and	CC
can	MD
ultimately	RB
increase	VB
operating	NN
expenses	NNS
,	,
according	VBG
to	TO
Kasey	NNP
Arceri	NNP
,	,
Raytheon	NNP
's	POS
university	NN
programs	NNS
manager	NN
.	.
After	IN
assessment	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
current	JJ
state	NN
,	,
Raytheon	NNP
decided	VBD
to	TO
create	VB
an	DT
in-house	JJ
data	NN
base	NN
called	VBN
``	``
Rayevents	NNP
.	.
''	''
The	DT
business	NN
units	NNS
wanted	VBD
a	DT
tool	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
them	PRP
in	IN
managing	VBG
their	PRP$
events	NNS
and	CC
one	CD
that	WDT
could	MD
grow	VB
to	TO
meet	VB
their	PRP$
future	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
Strategies	NNS
that	WDT
evolved	VBD
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
challenges	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
include	VBP
the	DT
addition	NN
of	IN
staff	NN
recruiters	NNS
who	WP
can	MD
speak	VB
at	IN
college	NN
career	NN
events	NNS
about	IN
the	DT
opportunities	NNS
in	IN
all	DT
of	IN
T-Mobile	NNP
's	POS
business	NN
units	NNS
,	,
on-campus	JJ
interviewing	VBG
the	DT
day	NN
after	IN
a	DT
career	NN
fair	JJ
to	TO
more	RBR
quickly	RB
recruit	VB
students	NNS
of	IN
interest	NN
,	,
and	CC
methods	NNS
to	TO
demonstrate	VB
the	DT
value	NN
of	IN
the	DT
college	NN
recruiting	NN
program	NN
through	IN
the	DT
data	NNS
they	PRP
capture	VBP
.	.
Department	NNP
goals	NNS
are	VBP
directly	RB
aligned	VBN
to	TO
Washington	NNP
Mutual	NNP
's	POS
business	NN
goals	NNS
.	.
To	TO
measure	VB
the	DT
success	NN
of	IN
the	DT
department	NN
and	CC
individual	JJ
recruiter	NN
performance	NN
,	,
metrics	NNS
are	VBP
captured	VBN
that	IN
directly	RB
support	VB
the	DT
company	NN
's	POS
business	NN
goals	NNS
.	.
Washington	NNP
Mutual	NNP
uses	VBZ
HR	NNP
systems	NNS
and	CC
tools	NNS
to	TO
measure	VB
every	DT
step	NN
of	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
process	NN
.	.
The	DT
company	NN
tracks	VBZ
individual	JJ
hiring	VBG
statistics	NNS
by	IN
school	NN
,	,
business	NN
line	NN
,	,
function	NN
,	,
and	CC
recruiting	VBG
strategy	NN
.	.
Candidate	NN
information	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
degree	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
skills	NNS
,	,
and	CC
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
,	,
also	RB
are	VBP
tracked	VBN
.	.
This	DT
information	NN
helps	VBZ
create	VB
a	DT
successful	JJ
candidate	NN
profile	NN
for	IN
each	DT
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
qualities	NNS
sought	VBN
by	IN
EchoStar	NNP
's	POS
recruiters	NNS
are	VBP
energy	NN
,	,
intelligence	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
need	NN
for	IN
achievement	NN
.	.
The	DT
company	NN
's	POS
recruiting	NN
program	NN
succeeds	VBZ
by	IN
networking	VBG
with	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
and	CC
faculty	NN
,	,
and	CC
by	IN
taking	VBG
a	DT
different	JJ
approach	NN
at	IN
career	NN
fairs	NNS
.	.
The	DT
focus	NN
group	NN
helps	VBZ
the	DT
company	NN
determine	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
effective	JJ
and	CC
valuable	JJ
giveaways	NNS
,	,
reviews	VBZ
the	DT
company	NN
web	NN
site	NN
from	IN
a	DT
students	NNS
perspective	NN
,	,
and	CC
offers	VBZ
other	JJ
suggestions	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
make	VB
G&O	NNP
a	DT
preferred	JJ
employer	NN
by	IN
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
NBC	NNP
's	POS
early	JJ
identification	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
EID	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
programs	NNS
offer	VBP
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
entry-level	JJ
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
college	NN
graduates	NNS
who	WP
want	VBP
to	TO
get	VB
their	PRP$
``	``
foot-in-the-door	JJ
''	''
in	IN
the	DT
media	NNS
industry	NN
.	.
Each	DT
program	NN
allows	VBZ
associates	NNS
to	TO
learn	VB
more	JJR
about	IN
their	PRP$
field	NN
of	IN
interest	NN
in	IN
an	DT
environment	NN
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
training	NN
and	CC
mentoring	NN
.	.
Ultimately	RB
,	,
the	DT
EID	NNP
programs	NNS
create	VBP
a	DT
pipeline	NN
of	IN
talent	NN
into	IN
various	JJ
departments	NNS
and	CC
positions	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
company	NN
.	.
Approximately	RB
70	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
EID	NNP
program	NN
associates	NNS
are	VBP
hired	VBN
into	IN
staff	NN
or	CC
freelance	NN
positions	NNS
.	.
New	NNP
college	NN
hires	VBZ
quickly	RB
associate	JJ
with	IN
one	CD
another	DT
and	CC
have	VBP
a	DT
better	JJR
understanding	NN
of	IN
Harris	NNP
's	POS
business	NN
activity	NN
.	.
Participants	NNS
connect	VBP
through	IN
e-mails	NNS
and	CC
web	NN
site	NN
information	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
these	DT
employees	NNS
participate	VB
in	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
events	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
organized	VBN
league	NN
sports	NNS
,	,
holiday	NN
parties	NNS
,	,
bus	NN
trips	NNS
,	,
and	CC
community	NN
involvement	NN
projects	NNS
.	.
Kicked	VBN
off	RP
at	IN
a	DT
three-day	JJ
weekend	NN
event	NN
at	IN
the	DT
corporate	JJ
headquarters	NN
,	,
the	DT
program	NN
spans	NNS
a	DT
new	JJ
employee	NN
's	POS
entire	JJ
first	JJ
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
success	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
shows	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
company	NN
'	''
now	RB
80	CD
percent	NN
retention	NN
rate	NN
.	.
Consolidated	NNP
Graphics	NNP
,	,
a	DT
national	JJ
commercial	JJ
printing	NN
company	NN
headquartered	VBN
in	IN
Houston	NNP
,	,
looked	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
turnover	NN
among	IN
its	PRP$
entry-level	JJ
hires	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
few	JJ
months	NNS
of	IN
employment	NN
and	CC
decided	VBD
to	TO
formally	RB
address	VB
it	PRP
.	.
Vanguard	NNP
,	,
an	DT
investment	NN
management	NN
company	NN
located	VBN
in	IN
Valley	NNP
Forge	NNP
,	,
Pennsylvania	NNP
,	,
has	VBZ
used	VBN
rotational	JJ
programs	NNS
since	IN
2001	CD
to	TO
help	VB
new	JJ
hires	NNS
gain	VB
a	DT
broad	JJ
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
goals	NNS
.	.
One	CD
is	VBZ
a	DT
rotational	JJ
program	NN
for	IN
college	NN
graduates	NNS
with	IN
less	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
years	NNS
experience	NN
.	.
Rotations	NNS
last	JJ
three	CD
to	TO
six	CD
months	NNS
and	CC
are	VBP
across	IN
all	DT
departments	NNS
,	,
with	IN
85	CD
percent	NN
taking	VBG
place	NN
in	IN
engineering\/manufacturing	VBG
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
being	VBG
able	JJ
to	TO
identify	VB
top	JJ
talent	NN
,	,
other	JJ
benefits	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
programs	NNS
include	VBP
significantly	RB
low	JJ
attrition	NN
rates	NNS
,	,
comments	NNS
from	IN
senior	JJ
management	NN
about	IN
the	DT
success	NN
and	CC
importance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
programs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
recognition	NN
of	IN
the	DT
programs	NNS
on	IN
campus	NN
.	.
``	``
We	PRP
find	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
who	WP
go	VBP
through	IN
the	DT
First	NNP
Career	NNP
Program	NNP
have	VBP
a	DT
better	JJR
overall	JJ
understanding	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
business	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
PacifiCorp	NNP
's	POS
units	NNS
fit	VBP
together	RB
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Nicole	NNP
D'Onofrio	NNP
,	,
a	DT
PacifiCorp	NNP
HR	NNP
consultant	NN
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Communities	NNPS
is	VBZ
to	TO
encourage	VB
discussion	NN
within	IN
specific	JJ
interest	NN
areas	NNS
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
goal	NN
of	IN
keeping	VBG
online	JJ
discussions	NNS
targeted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
needs	NNS
and	CC
interests	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
subscribers	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
five	CD
Community	NNP
groups	NNS
to	TO
choose	VB
among	IN
.	.
NACE	NNP
Communities	NNS
are	VBP
open	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
staff	NN
members	NNS
at	IN
NACE	NNP
member	NN
offices	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
must	MD
register	VB
for	IN
each	DT
Community	NN
you	PRP
wish	VBP
to	TO
join	VB
.	.
The	DT
online	JJ
interface	NN
allows	VBZ
you	PRP
to	TO
read	VB
messages	NNS
online	NN
,	,
search	NN
the	DT
archived	JJ
messages	NNS
,	,
send	VB
a	DT
message	NN
,	,
or	CC
change	VB
your	PRP$
subscription	NN
data	NNS
.	.
Choose	VB
the	DT
group	NN
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
enter	VB
by	IN
clicking	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
community	NN
link	NN
under	IN
``	``
Enter	VB
the	DT
Communities	NNS
''	''
in	IN
the	DT
upper	JJ
right-hand	JJ
corner	NN
of	IN
this	DT
page	NN
.	.
Search	NN
:	:
To	TO
search	VB
the	DT
archives	NNS
,	,
click	VBP
on	IN
``	``
search	NN
''	''
in	IN
the	DT
navigation	NN
bar	NN
at	IN
the	DT
top	NN
of	IN
the	DT
page	NN
.	.
Use	NNP
keyword	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
search	VB
the	DT
archives	NNS
.	.
An	DT
advanced	JJ
search	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
available	JJ
for	IN
narrowing	VBG
your	PRP$
search	NN
results	NNS
.	.
Digest	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
one	CD
message	NN
each	DT
day	NN
contains	VBZ
all	PDT
the	DT
messages	NNS
sent	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
group	NN
that	WDT
day	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
or	CC
Mime	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
individual	JJ
messages	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
sent	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
community	NN
in	IN
MIME	NNP
format	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
or	CC
Index	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
subject	JJ
lines	NNS
from	IN
messages	NNS
sent	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
community	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
advanced	JJ
tab	NN
will	MD
allow	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
change	VB
the	DT
password	NN
on	IN
any	DT
or	CC
all	DT
subscriptions	NNS
.	.
Type	NN
in	IN
the	DT
password	NN
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
use	VB
.	.
Use	NNP
the	DT
drop-down	JJ
arrow	NN
next	IN
to	TO
``	``
apply	VB
changes	NNS
''	''
at	IN
the	DT
bottom	NN
of	IN
the	DT
box	NN
to	TO
choose	VB
whether	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
apply	VB
changes	NNS
to	TO
your	PRP$
data	NNS
to	TO
just	RB
one	CD
community	NN
or	CC
to	TO
all	DT
communities	NNS
using	VBG
the	DT
same	JJ
e-mail	NN
address	NN
and	CC
password	NN
.	.
Communities	NNS
.	.
Plain	JJ
text	NN
messages	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
send	VBP
a	DT
message	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
written	VBN
in	IN
``	``
Rich	NNP
Text	NNP
Format	NNP
,	,
''	''
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
rejected	VBN
.	.
Instructions	NNS
on	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
change	VB
your	PRP$
settings	NNS
just	RB
for	IN
this	DT
address	NN
will	MD
be	VB
sent	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
rejected	VBN
message	NN
.	.
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
need	VBP
data	NNS
by	IN
specific	JJ
job	NN
location	NN
or	CC
by	IN
group	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
,	,
choose	VB
a	DT
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
customized	VBD
report	NN
to	TO
deliver	VB
special	JJ
cuts	NNS
of	IN
salary	NN
data	NNS
by	IN
specific	JJ
job	NN
location	NN
and\/or	CC
group	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
.	.
Location	NNP
Report	NNP
:	:
Target	NN
among	IN
the	DT
50	CD
most	RBS
active	JJ
employment	NN
centers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
localized	JJ
salary	NN
data	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
job	NN
location	NN
,	,
not	RB
on	IN
that	DT
of	IN
the	DT
graduating	VBG
institution	NN
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
select	VB
the	DT
specific	JJ
degree	NN
and	CC
disciplines	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
you	PRP
are	VBP
interested	JJ
.	.
Key	NNP
School	NNP
Report	NNP
:	:
These	DT
customized	VBN
reports	NNS
offer	VBP
you	PRP
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
target	VB
the	DT
curricula	NN
and	CC
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
you	PRP
need	VBP
data	NNS
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
combines	VBZ
the	DT
latest	JJS
starting	VBG
salary	NN
offers	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
you	PRP
choose	VBP
,	,
thus	RB
providing	VBG
an	DT
average	JJ
figure	NN
for	IN
each	DT
of	IN
your	PRP$
selected	VBN
disciplines	NNS
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
limit	NN
to	TO
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
you	PRP
select	VBP
;	:
but	CC
to	TO
preserve	VB
confidentiality	NN
of	IN
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
information	NN
,	,
you	PRP
must	MD
select	VB
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
six	CD
schools	NNS
.	.
Your	PRP$
report	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
the	DT
combined	VBN
averages	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
starting	VBG
salary	NN
data	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
schools	NNS
you	PRP
've	VBP
selected	VBN
.	.
Available	JJ
to	TO
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
and	CC
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
subscribers	NNS
only	RB
.	.
Increased	VBN
participation	NN
means	VBZ
better	JJR
and	CC
more	JJR
complete	JJ
salary	NN
information	NN
in	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
Salary	NNP
Survey	NN
:	:
Become	VB
a	DT
participant	NN
and	CC
reap	VB
the	DT
benefits	NNS
as	IN
you	PRP
help	VBP
strengthen	VB
national	JJ
data	NNS
and	CC
create	VB
additional	JJ
options	NNS
for	IN
special	JJ
cuts	NNS
of	IN
salary	NN
information	NN
,	,
including	VBG
key	JJ
school	NN
cuts	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
aggregates	NNS
data	NNS
among	IN
six	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
schools	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
cuts	NNS
by	IN
region	NN
,	,
and	CC
cuts	NNS
by	IN
metropolitan	JJ
location	NN
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
benefit	VB
yourself	PRP
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
profession	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
's	POS
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
tracks	VBZ
discipline	NN
,	,
job	NN
function	NN
,	,
and	CC
employer	NN
type	NN
,	,
so	RB
you	PRP
'll	MD
have	VB
access	NN
to	TO
meaningful	JJ
information	NN
and	CC
will	MD
have	VB
real	JJ
measures	NNS
to	TO
share	VB
with	IN
your	PRP$
students	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
and	CC
administrators	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
collect	VB
and	CC
track	VB
internal	JJ
data	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
greatly	RB
enhance	VB
your	PRP$
operations	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
seen	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
source	NN
of	IN
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
college	NN
job	NN
market	NN
for	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
you	PRP
serve	VBP
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
also	RB
be	VB
part	NN
of	IN
an	DT
exclusive	JJ
group	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
recognized	VBN
and	CC
cited	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
media	NNS
.	.
Participation	NN
is	VBZ
easy	JJ
:	:
NACE	NNP
offers	VBZ
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
reporting	VBG
methods	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
an	DT
online	JJ
form	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
data	NNS
bases	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
yours	NNS
,	,
or	CC
one	CD
NACE	NNP
provides	VBZ
you	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
or	CC
paper	NN
forms	NNS
.	.
Choose	VB
the	DT
method	NN
that	IN
suits	NNS
you	PRP
best	JJS
.	.
NOTICE	VB
:	:
Information	NNP
contained	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Salary	NNP
Survey	NN
is	VBZ
copyrighted	VBN
and	CC
owned	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
to	TO
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
for	IN
personal	JJ
professional	JJ
use	NN
only	RB
.	.
Results	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
searches	NNS
you	PRP
perform	VBP
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
copied	VBN
,	,
downloaded	VBN
,	,
framed	VBN
,	,
rented	VBN
,	,
leased	VBN
,	,
distributed	VBN
,	,
re-distributed	JJ
,	,
transmitted	JJ
,	,
sold	VBN
,	,
or	CC
transferred	VBN
to	TO
magnetic	JJ
media	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
use	VB
the	DT
information	NN
contained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
online	JJ
Salary	NNP
Survey	NN
to	TO
conduct	VB
any	DT
commercial	JJ
solicitation	NN
for	IN
sales	NNS
of	IN
products	NNS
,	,
merchandise	NN
,	,
or	CC
services	NNS
.	.
Any	DT
individual	JJ
making	VBG
unauthorized	JJ
copies	NNS
or	CC
downloading	VBG
any	DT
NACE	NNP
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
material	NN
will	MD
be	VB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
penalties	NNS
as	IN
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
the	DT
federal	JJ
and	CC
state	NN
copyright	NN
laws	NNS
.	.
Employer	NN
's	POS
Guide	NNP
to	TO
College	NNP
Recruiting	NNP
and	CC
Hiring	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
18-chapter	JJ
resource	NN
featuring	VBG
current	JJ
research	NN
and	CC
results-oriented	JJ
approaches	NNS
to	TO
attracting	VBG
top	JJ
college	NN
candidates	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Employer	NNP
's	POS
Guide	NNP
gives	VBZ
you	PRP
all	PDT
the	DT
basics	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
how	WRB
to	TO
select	VB
target	NN
schools	NNS
,	,
establish	VB
contacts	NNS
on	IN
campus	NN
,	,
make	VBP
offers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
gives	VBZ
you	PRP
the	DT
insight	NN
and	CC
information	NN
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
develop	VB
and	CC
revitalize	VB
your	PRP$
college	NN
relations	NNS
program	NN
.	.
Find	VB
out	RP
how	WRB
to	TO
position	VB
your	PRP$
organization	NN
as	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
of	IN
choice	NN
;	:
learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
invigorate	VB
your	PRP$
diversity	NN
recruitment	NN
efforts	NNS
;	:
and	CC
build	VB
a	DT
solid	JJ
business	NN
case	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
Employer	NNP
's	POS
Guide	NNP
,	,
by	IN
seasoned	JJ
professional	JJ
Julie	NNP
Cunningham	NNP
,	,
includes	VBZ
a	DT
CD-ROM	NN
containing	VBG
20	CD
sample	NN
letters	NNS
,	,
forms	NNS
,	,
checklists	NNS
,	,
agendas	NNS
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
adapt	VB
and	CC
use	VB
for	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
.	.
2003	CD
.	.
Get	VB
the	DT
information	NN
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
build	VB
a	DT
top-quality	JJ
internship	NN
program	NN
.	.
Written	VBN
by	IN
seasoned	JJ
college	NN
recruiting	NN
professional	JJ
Julie	NNP
Cunningham	NNP
,	,
Building	NNP
a	DT
Premier	NNP
Internship	NNP
Program	NNP
gives	VBZ
you	PRP
all	PDT
the	DT
basics-program	NN
design	NN
,	,
implementation	NN
,	,
documentation	NN
,	,
metrics	NNS
,	,
and	CC
more-and	NN
offers	VBZ
the	DT
practical	JJ
guidance	NN
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
build	VB
a	DT
business	NN
case	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
internship	NN
program	NN
and	CC
demonstrate	VB
its	PRP$
use	NN
to	TO
the	DT
organization	NN
;	:
design	NN
a	DT
recruitment-focused	JJ
program	NN
that	WDT
feeds	VBZ
your	PRP$
college	NN
recruiting	VBG
program	NN
efficiently	RB
and	CC
effectively	RB
;	:
and	CC
create	VB
effective	JJ
orientation	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
interns	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
their	PRP$
supervisors	NNS
and	CC
mentors	NNS
.	.
Internship	NN
programs	NNS
are	VBP
the	DT
most	RBS
effective	JJ
method	NN
of	IN
recruiting	VBG
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates-get	NN
the	DT
information	NN
,	,
tools	NNS
,	,
and	CC
advice	NN
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
ensure	VB
your	PRP$
program	NN
works	VBZ
for	IN
you	PRP
!	.
The	DT
book	NN
also	RB
features	VBZ
18	CD
sample	NN
forms	NNS
,	,
surveys	NNS
,	,
schedules	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
documents	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
adapt	VB
for	IN
your	PRP$
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
Career	NNP
Decision	NNP
Pyramid	NNP
makes	VBZ
it	PRP
easy	JJ
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
help	VB
students	NNS
identify	VB
just	RB
where	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
in	IN
their	PRP$
career	NN
decision-making	JJ
process	NN
and	CC
provide	VB
them	PRP
with	IN
``	``
next	JJ
steps	NNS
.	.
``	``
The	DT
Career	NNP
Decision	NNP
Pyramid	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
three-dimensional	JJ
,	,
easy-to-use	JJ
career	NN
development	NN
tool	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
use	VB
with	IN
students	NNS
at	IN
any	DT
point	NN
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
decision-making	JJ
process	NN
:	:
from	IN
extremely	RB
undecided	JJ
to	TO
having	VBG
nearly	RB
nailed	VBD
down	RP
a	DT
decision	NN
.	.
The	DT
3-D	JJ
Pyramid	NN
enables	VBZ
your	PRP$
students	NNS
to	TO
quickly	RB
``	``
see	VB
''	''
where	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
and	CC
what	WP
they	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
:	:
Side	NN
one	CD
presents	VBZ
five	CD
levels	NNS
of	IN
career	NN
clarity	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
completely	RB
undecided	JJ
to	TO
nearly	RB
decided	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
side	NN
two	CD
identifies	VBZ
five	CD
major	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
acquire	VB
needed	VBN
career	NN
information	NN
to	TO
help	VB
formulate	VB
a	DT
decision	NN
;	:
and	CC
side	NN
three	CD
identifies	VBZ
generic	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
offered	VBN
by	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
level	NN
of	IN
career	NN
clarity	NN
.	.
Along	IN
with	IN
the	DT
Pyramid	NNP
,	,
you	PRP
get	VBP
an	DT
Advisers	NNP
Guide	NNP
that	IN
details	NNS
how	WRB
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
tool	NN
and	CC
guidance	NN
on	IN
developing	VBG
materials	NNS
that	WDT
customize	VBP
the	DT
Pyramids	NNPS
guidance	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
career	NN
center	NN
,	,
plus	CC
a	DT
CD	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
sample	NN
materials	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
adapt	VB
and	CC
use	VB
.	.
The	DT
Career	NNP
Decision	NNP
Pyramid	NNP
Kit	NNP
includes	VBZ
:	:
3	CD
Pyramids	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
approx	NN
.	.
10	CD
inches	NNS
high	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
Advisers	NNP
Guide	NNP
;	:
CD	NNP
of	IN
sample	NN
materials	NNS
.2005	CD
.	.
Members	NNS
:	:
$	$
74.95	CD
.	.
NonMembers	NNS
:	:
$	$
99.95	CD
.	.
This	DT
20-page	JJ
booklet	NN
clearly	RB
defines	VBZ
those	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
preemployment	NN
inquiry	NN
that	WDT
employers	NNS
should	MD
avoid	VB
asking	VBG
on	IN
job	NN
application	NN
forms	NNS
,	,
or	CC
during	IN
the	DT
pre-hire	JJ
interview	NN
process	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
can	MD
use	VB
this	DT
legal	JJ
resource	NN
as	IN
a	DT
handy	JJ
reference	NN
when	WRB
students	NNS
ask	VBP
what	WP
an	DT
employer	NN
may	MD
or	CC
may	MD
not	RB
ask	VB
during	IN
the	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
.	.
Included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
booklet	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
sample	NN
of	IN
a	DT
suggested	VBN
application	NN
for	IN
employment	NN
,	,
a	DT
voluntary	JJ
self-identification	NN
report	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
summary	NN
outline	NN
of	IN
undesirable\/recommended	JJ
inquiries	NNS
.1997.21	CD
pages	NNS
.	.
Members	NNS
:	:
$	$
5.00	CD
.	.
NonMembers	NNS
:	:
$	$
7.50	CD
.	.
Organizations	NNP
concerned	JJ
about	IN
maintaining	VBG
a	DT
diverse	JJ
work	NN
force	NN
are	VBP
investing	VBG
more	JJR
resources	NNS
in	IN
recruiting	NN
and	CC
retaining	VBG
diverse	JJ
workers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
labor	NN
force	NN
is	VBZ
becoming	VBG
increasingly	RB
diverse	JJ
,	,
and	CC
universities	NNS
continue	VBP
to	TO
produce	VB
a	DT
diverse	JJ
population	NN
of	IN
graduates	NNS
.	.
Research	NNP
suggests	VBZ
that	IN
minority	NN
employees	NNS
may	MD
face	VB
unique	JJ
challenges	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
workplace	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
greater	JJR
interpersonal	NN
conflict	NN
and	CC
harassment	NN
,	,
less	JJR
supportive	JJ
co-workers	NNS
or	CC
supervisors	NNS
,	,
additional	JJ
performance	NN
pressures	NNS
,	,
and\/or	CC
heightened	VBN
perceptions	NNS
of	IN
blocked	VBN
career	NN
paths	NNS
.	.
These	DT
stressful	JJ
and	CC
challenging	JJ
work	NN
conditions	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
intensified	VBN
among	IN
young	JJ
entrants	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
work	NN
force	NN
.	.
As	IN
their	PRP$
expectations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
job	NN
are	VBP
not	RB
met	VBN
,	,
they	PRP
become	VBP
more	RBR
likely	JJ
to	TO
turnover.Org	NNP
anizations	NNS
may	MD
therefore	RB
realize	VB
a	DT
loss	NN
of	IN
unique	JJ
knowledge	NN
,	,
experiences	NNS
,	,
and	CC
perspectives	NNS
to	TO
pilot	NN
organizations	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
Note	NN
:	:
Full	NNP
results	NNS
of	IN
research	NN
supported	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
grant	NN
from	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Foundation	NNP
.	.
By	IN
David	NNP
G.	NNP
Allen	NNP
,	,
Ashley	NNP
Kilburn	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Brandon	NNP
Kilburn2005	NNP
.40	CD
.	.
PDF	NNP
Format	NNP
.	.
Members	NNS
:	:
$	$
39.95	CD
.	.
NonMembers	NNS
:	:
$	$
69.95	CD
.	.
The	DT
NACE	NNP
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
document	NN
is	VBZ
intended	VBN
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
framework	NN
within	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
career	NN
planning	NN
,	,
placement	NN
,	,
and	CC
recruitment	NN
processes	NNS
should	MD
function	VB
,	,
and	CC
as	IN
a	DT
foundation	NN
upon	IN
which	WDT
professionalism	NN
can	MD
be	VB
promoted	VBN
.	.
The	DT
NACE	NNP
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
Committee	NNP
reviews	VBZ
the	DT
document	NN
annually	RB
.	.
Since	IN
1995	CD
,	,
NACE	NNP
has	VBZ
used	VBN
its	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
to	TO
offer	VB
timely	JJ
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
college	NN
employment	NN
market	NN
,	,
connect	VB
members	NNS
to	TO
important	JJ
statistics	NNS
and	CC
data	NNS
,	,
and	CC
help	VB
practitioners	NNS
establish	VB
important	JJ
professional	JJ
networks	NNS
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
this	DT
,	,
NACEWeb	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
Internet	NNP
's	POS
most	JJS
trusted	VBN
source	NN
of	IN
professional	JJ
information	NN
for	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
human	JJ
resources	NNS
professions	NNS
.	.
NACEWeb	NNP
was	VBD
designed	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
NACE	NNP
member	NN
demands	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
web	NN
site	NN
features	NNS
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
requests	NNS
noted	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
survey	NN
of	IN
member	NN
needs	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
comments	NNS
or	CC
suggestions	NNS
for	IN
making	VBG
NACEWeb	NNP
easier	JJR
to	TO
use	VB
or	CC
a	DT
better	JJR
tool	NN
for	IN
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
,	,
or	CC
if	IN
you	PRP
'd	MD
like	VB
to	TO
suggest	VB
information	NN
we	PRP
should	MD
add	VB
to	TO
the	DT
web	NN
site	NN
,	,
please	VB
use	VB
the	DT
form	NN
below	IN
.	.
The	DT
Journal	NNP
covers	VBZ
the	DT
entire	JJ
scope	NN
of	IN
career	NN
planning	NN
,	,
placement	NN
,	,
recruitment	NN
,	,
and	CC
employment	NN
of	IN
college-educated	JJ
persons	NNS
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
consequence	NN
,	,
we	PRP
seek	VBP
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
article	NN
topics	NNS
.	.
Some	DT
examples	NNS
:	:
Results	NNS
from	IN
new	JJ
techniques	NNS
or	CC
innovative	JJ
practices	NNS
and	CC
programs	NNS
developed	VBN
by	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
or	CC
recruitment	NN
offices	NNS
;	:
current	JJ
professional	JJ
issues	NNS
;	:
the	DT
significance	NN
of	IN
national	JJ
or	CC
global	JJ
trends	NNS
that	WDT
affect	VBP
the	DT
field	NN
;	:
research	NN
reports	NNS
or	CC
statistical	JJ
analyses	NNS
of	IN
unusual	JJ
significance	NN
,	,
dwelling	NN
upon	IN
implications	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
profession	NN
;	:
examples	NNS
of	IN
solutions	NNS
to	TO
current	JJ
problems	NNS
in	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
or	CC
recruiting	NN
.	.
Writing	VBG
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
time-consuming	JJ
undertaking	NN
,	,
so	RB
before	IN
you	PRP
write	VBP
a	DT
manuscript	NN
for	IN
submission	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Journal	NNP
,	,
we	PRP
recommend	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
first	RB
discuss	VB
your	PRP$
idea	NN
with	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
editors	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
we	PRP
ask	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
submit	VBP
an	DT
outline	NN
or	CC
brief	JJ
summary	NN
.	.
Both	DT
steps	NNS
will	MD
prevent	VB
you	PRP
from	IN
spending	VBG
your	PRP$
time	NN
on	IN
topics	NNS
that	IN
we	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
use	VB
and	CC
allow	VB
us	PRP
to	TO
offer	VB
you	PRP
direction	NN
and	CC
advice	NN
on	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
approach	VB
and	CC
develop	VB
the	DT
topic	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
it	PRP
meets	VBZ
our	PRP$
audience	NN
's	POS
needs	NNS
and	CC
interests	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Journal	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
reprint	VB
articles	NNS
from	IN
other	JJ
publications	NNS
except	IN
under	IN
unusual	JJ
circumstances	NNS
.	.
Nor	CC
do	VBP
we	PRP
normally	RB
review	VBP
manuscripts	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
being	VBG
considered	VBN
for	IN
publication	NN
elsewhere	RB
,	,
or	CC
that	DT
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
information	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
planned	VBN
for	IN
public	JJ
release	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
its	PRP$
possible	JJ
appearance	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Journal	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
prefer	VBP
articles	NNS
be	VB
written	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
engaging	JJ
,	,
narrative	JJ
style	NN
rather	RB
the	DT
in	IN
the	DT
dry	JJ
,	,
formal	JJ
style	NN
of	IN
a	DT
thesis	NN
.	.
Avoid	VB
footnotes	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
encourage	VBP
the	DT
referencing	NN
of	IN
data	NNS
with	IN
superscript	JJ
numbers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
text	NN
and	CC
a	DT
listing	NN
of	IN
these	DT
sources	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
article	NN
as	IN
Endnotes	NNP
.	.
Limit	NN
any	DT
descriptions	NNS
of	IN
methodology	NN
to	TO
as	IN
few	JJ
paragraphs	NNS
as	IN
possible	JJ
;	:
our	PRP$
readers	NNS
are	VBP
generally	RB
not	RB
so	RB
much	JJ
interested	JJ
in	IN
how	WRB
you	PRP
conducted	VBD
the	DT
survey	NN
or	CC
study	NN
as	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
in	IN
what	WP
you	PRP
found	VBD
and	CC
its	PRP$
possible	JJ
implications	NNS
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
some	DT
articles	NNS
relating	VBG
how	WRB
the	DT
author	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
solved	VBD
a	DT
problem	NN
or	CC
implemented	VBD
a	DT
new	JJ
program	NN
could	MD
run	VB
about	IN
1,500	CD
words	NNS
and	CC
should	MD
be	VB
in	IN
the	DT
form	NN
of	IN
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
this	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
problem	NN
,	,
2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
these	DT
are	VBP
the	DT
steps	NNS
we	PRP
took	VBD
to	TO
solve	VB
it	PRP
,	,
and	CC
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
this	DT
is	VBZ
how	WRB
it	PRP
all	DT
turned	VBD
out	RP
.	.
Other	JJ
shorter	JJR
features	NNS
or	CC
commentaries	NNS
could	MD
also	RB
run	VB
about	RB
1,500	CD
words	NNS
.	.
Since	IN
we	PRP
publish	VBP
only	RB
four	CD
issues	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Journal	NNP
during	IN
the	DT
academic	JJ
year	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
October	NNP
,	,
December	NNP
,	,
March	NNP
,	,
and	CC
May	NNP
,	,
with	IN
respective	JJ
copy	NN
deadlines	NNS
of	IN
August	NNP
1	CD
,	,
October	NNP
1	CD
,	,
December	NNP
1	CD
,	,
and	CC
February	NNP
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
often	RB
a	DT
time	NN
lag	NN
of	IN
months	NNS
between	IN
acceptance	NN
and	CC
publication	NN
of	IN
a	DT
manuscript	NN
.	.
All	DT
authors	NNS
are	VBP
asked	VBN
to	TO
sign	VB
a	DT
release	NN
form	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
attest	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
manuscript	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
published	VBN
elsewhere	RB
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
owns	VBZ
the	DT
copyright	NN
for	IN
the	DT
article	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
reprint	VBP
privileges	NNS
and	CC
assignments	NNS
reside	VBP
with	IN
the	DT
Journal	NNP
.	.
Colleges	NNS
and	CC
Employers	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Journal	NNP
,	,
like	IN
most	JJS
educational	JJ
publications	NNS
,	,
does	VBZ
not	RB
offer	VB
compensation	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
authors	NNS
.	.
Authors	NNS
are	VBP
sent	VBN
two	CD
complimentary	JJ
copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
issues	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
their	PRP$
articles	NNS
appear	VBP
;	:
additional	JJ
copies	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
purchased	VBN
from	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
Faculty	NNP
Referrals	NNP
Workshop	NNP
package	NN
.	.
This	DT
workshop	NN
,	,
contained	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
CD	NNP
,	,
will	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
understand	VB
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
minefields	NNS
so	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
show	VB
faculty	NN
,	,
administrators	NNS
,	,
and	CC
your	PRP$
career	NN
center	NN
staff	NN
how	WRB
to	TO
maneuver	VB
safely	RB
through	IN
them	PRP
while	IN
still	RB
providing	VBG
meaningful	JJ
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
your	PRP$
students-a	JJ
career	NN
network	NN
and	CC
additional	JJ
resources	NNS
where	WRB
they	PRP
can	MD
access	VB
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
.	.
As	IN
we	PRP
move	VBP
forward	RB
with	IN
this	DT
iteration	NN
,	,
increasing	VBG
participation	NN
and	CC
ensuring	VBG
that	IN
data	NNS
are	VBP
accurate	JJ
and	CC
reliable	JJ
will	MD
be	VB
essential	JJ
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
our	PRP$
community	NN
college	NN
member	NN
have	VBP
indicated	VBN
their	PRP$
interest	NN
in	IN
collecting	VBG
and	CC
submitting	VBG
data	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
strengthening	VBG
their	PRP$
current	JJ
processes	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
but	CC
have	VBP
told	VBN
us	PRP
that	IN
they	PRP
're	VBP
not	RB
sure	JJ
how	WRB
to	TO
proceed	VB
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
these	DT
conversations	NNS
,	,
NACE	NNP
has	VBZ
compiled	VBN
information	NN
that	IN
we	PRP
hope	VBP
will	MD
help	VB
with	IN
the	DT
process	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
see	VB
Tools	NNP
You	PRP
Can	MD
Use	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
for	IN
Associate	NNP
Degree	NNP
Candidates	NNPS
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
have	VB
access	NN
to	TO
reliable	JJ
information	NN
and	CC
will	MD
have	VB
salary	NN
data	NNS
to	TO
share	VB
with	IN
your	PRP$
students	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
administrators	NNS
,	,
and	CC
employers	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
as	IN
a	DT
participant	NN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
collect	VB
and	CC
track	VB
internal	JJ
data	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
greatly	RB
enhance	VB
your	PRP$
operations	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
seen	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
source	NN
of	IN
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
college	NN
job	NN
market	NN
for	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
you	PRP
serve	VBP
.	.
Outlines	VBZ
methods	NNS
being	VBG
used	VBN
by	IN
two-year	JJ
colleges	NNS
to	TO
gather	VB
salary	NN
data	NNS
from	IN
associate	JJ
degree	NN
candidates	NNS
,	,
suggestions	NNS
on	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
start	VB
the	DT
data	NNS
collection	NN
process	NN
,	,
and	CC
requirements	NNS
for	IN
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
participation	NN
.	.
Increasingly	RB
,	,
college	NN
career	NN
centers	NNS
are	VBP
called	VBN
upon	IN
to	TO
report	VB
student	NN
outcomes	NNS
,	,
so	RB
reporting	VBG
job	NN
offers	NNS
to	TO
your	PRP$
target	NN
schools	NNS
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
ways	NNS
you	PRP
can	MD
strengthen	VB
your	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
those	DT
schools	NNS
.	.
Some	DT
employers	NNS
and	CC
school	NN
officials	NNS
cite	VBP
legal	JJ
concerns	NNS
as	IN
their	PRP$
reason	NN
for	IN
not	RB
releasing	VBG
salary	NN
information	NN
about	IN
new	JJ
hires	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
be	VB
assured	VBN
that	IN
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
is	VBZ
published	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
federal	JJ
and	CC
state	NN
privacy	NN
and	CC
antitrust	JJ
laws	NNS
.	.
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
meets	VBZ
all	PDT
the	DT
conditions	NNS
set	VBP
forth	RB
by	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Justice	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Federal	NNP
Trade	NNP
Commission	NNP
that	WDT
apply	VBP
to	TO
compensation	NN
surveys	NNS
.	.
Catch	VB
up	RP
on	IN
diversity	NN
initiatives	NNS
,	,
legal	JJ
issues	NNS
in	IN
internships	NNS
,	,
the	DT
latest	JJS
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
forecast	NN
,	,
benchmarks	NNS
in	IN
experiential	JJ
education	NN
,	,
and	CC
much	RB
more	RBR
.	.
We	PRP
've	VBP
archived	VBN
materials	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
virtual	JJ
education	NN
sessions	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
will	MD
accept	VB
returns	NNS
on	IN
all	DT
products	NNS
except	IN
for	IN
audio	NN
and	CC
video	NN
material	NN
and	CC
materials	NNS
downloaded	VBN
in	IN
PDF	NNP
format	NN
.	.
Audiocassettes	NNS
,	,
CD-ROMs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
videos	NNS
sales	NNS
are	VBP
final	JJ
unless	IN
product	NN
is	VBZ
defective	JJ
.	.
Prepayment	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
.	.
Returns	NNS
for	IN
other	JJ
resources	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
postmarked	VBN
within	IN
30	CD
days	NNS
from	IN
shipping	NN
date	NN
are	VBP
accepted	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
full	JJ
refund	NN
;	:
returns	NNS
postmarked	VBD
31	CD
to	TO
60	CD
days	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
shipping	NN
date	NN
will	MD
incur	VB
a	DT
50	CD
percent	NN
restocking	VBG
fee	NN
.	.
No	DT
refund	NN
available	JJ
61	CD
days	NNS
after	IN
invoice	NN
date	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
leading	VBG
source	NN
of	IN
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
employment	NN
of	IN
college	NN
graduates	NNS
:	:
Throughout	IN
the	DT
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
association	NN
surveys	NNS
on	IN
data	NNS
relevant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
employment	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
and	CC
publishes	VBZ
related	JJ
reports	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
a	DT
quarterly	JJ
report	NN
on	IN
starting	VBG
salary	NN
offers	NNS
and	CC
periodic	JJ
forecasts	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
college	NN
job	NN
market	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
publishes	VBZ
a	DT
wide	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
professional	JJ
resources	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
its	PRP$
members	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
roles	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
the	DT
publisher	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Job	NNP
Choices	NNPS
magazine	NN
series	NN
,	,
the	DT
premier	NN
recruitment	NN
publication	NN
for	IN
the	DT
college	NN
market	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
single	JJ
average	JJ
salary	NN
for	IN
all	DT
college	NN
graduates	VBZ
.	.
NACE	NNP
can	MD
provide	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
average	JJ
salaries	NNS
by	IN
specific	JJ
discipline	NN
,	,
e.g.	FW
,	,
electrical	JJ
engineering	NN
,	,
and	CC
can	MD
also	RB
provide	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
average	JJ
salaries	NNS
by	IN
broad	JJ
category	NN
,	,
e.g.	FW
,	,
all	DT
engineering	NN
majors	NNS
.	.
By	IN
sector	NN
,	,
service	NN
employers	NNS
project	VBP
the	DT
biggest	JJS
increase	NN
in	IN
college	NN
hiring	NN
:	:
They	PRP
expect	VBP
to	TO
hire	VB
19.8	CD
percent	NN
more	RBR
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
in	IN
2006-07	CD
.	.
Manufacturers	NNS
,	,
as	IN
a	DT
group	NN
,	,
are	VBP
also	RB
positive	JJ
about	IN
hiring	VBG
,	,
predicting	VBG
an	DT
overall	JJ
increase	NN
of	IN
9.5	CD
percent	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
college	NN
hiring	NN
.	.
Government\/nonprofit	JJ
employers	NNS
plan	VBP
to	TO
hire	VB
9	CD
percent	NN
more	RBR
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
Employers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
expect	VBP
to	TO
increase	VB
hiring	VBG
by	IN
23	CD
percent	NN
,	,
and	CC
those	DT
in	IN
the	DT
Northeast	NNP
project	NN
an	DT
increase	NN
of	IN
16.9	CD
percent	NN
.	.
Employers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Midwest	NNP
expect	VBP
to	TO
increase	VB
college	NN
hiring	VBG
by	IN
10	CD
percent	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
serve	VBP
the	DT
association	NN
by	IN
participating	VBG
on	IN
committees	NNS
and	CC
teams	NNS
and	CC
task	NN
forces	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
find	VB
links	NNS
to	TO
their	PRP$
action	NN
statements	NNS
,	,
white	JJ
papers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
projects	NNS
on	IN
their	PRP$
web	NN
pages	NNS
and	CC
under	IN
Committee	NNP
Resources	NNPS
in	IN
the	DT
Publications	NNP
section	NN
of	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
also	RB
read	VB
the	DT
charges	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
committee	NN
.	.
Two	CD
Booth	NNP
Personnel	NNP
Registrations	NNPS
with	IN
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
exhibit	NN
hall	NN
only	RB
.	.
Booth	NN
personnel	NNS
receive	VBP
tickets	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
welcome	JJ
reception	NN
,	,
three	CD
breaks	NNS
,	,
and	CC
two	CD
lunches	NNS
served	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
exhibit	NN
hall	NN
.	.
There	EX
will	MD
be	VB
a	DT
charge	NN
of	IN
$	$
200	CD
for	IN
each	DT
person	NN
over	IN
the	DT
limit	NN
of	IN
two	CD
.	.
A	DT
full	JJ
conference	NN
upgrade	NN
may	MD
be	VB
purchased	VBN
for	IN
$	$
400	CD
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
even	RB
thinking	VBG
about	IN
exhibiting	VBG
at	IN
the	DT
2007	CD
NACE	NNP
National	NNP
Meeting	VBG
,	,
you	PRP
'll	MD
want	VB
to	TO
get	VB
your	PRP$
reservation	NN
in	IN
early	JJ
!	.
The	DT
2006	CD
Exhibition	NNP
Hall	NNP
,	,
holding	VBG
68	CD
exhibitors	NNS
,	,
sold	VBD
out	RP
four	CD
months	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
conference	NN
.	.
Space	NNP
will	MD
go	VB
even	RB
faster	RBR
for	IN
this	DT
special	JJ
conference	NN
.	.
Reserve	NNP
your	PRP$
place	NN
now	RB
and	CC
get	VB
a	DT
choice	NN
of	IN
location	NN
at	IN
the	DT
early-bird	JJ
price	NN
.	.
This	DT
magazine	NN
includes	VBZ
information	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
vital	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
successful	JJ
job-search	NN
,	,
plus	CC
articles	NNS
focusing	VBG
on	IN
diversity	NN
in	IN
the	DT
workplace	NN
,	,
including	VBG
how	WRB
to	TO
find	VB
a	DT
mentor	NN
,	,
communicate	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
culturally	RB
diverse	JJ
work	NN
environment	NN
,	,
adapt	VB
to	TO
corporate	JJ
culture	NN
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
This	DT
magazine	NN
also	RB
contains	VBZ
information	NN
from	IN
employers	NNS
offering	VBG
career	NN
opportunities	NNS
to	TO
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
Get	VB
the	DT
information	NN
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
ensure	VB
the	DT
success	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
diversity	NN
recruiting	VBG
efforts	NNS
.	.
This	DT
outstanding	JJ
guide	NN
gives	VBZ
you	PRP
practical	JJ
,	,
what-to	JJ
,	,
how-to	JJ
,	,
why-to	JJ
guidance	NN
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
achieve	VB
your	PRP$
goals	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
diverse	JJ
work	NN
force	NN
.	.
Gain	NN
insight	NN
into	IN
how	WRB
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
economy	NN
,	,
demographics	NNS
,	,
and	CC
work-related	JJ
forced	VBN
affect	VB
the	DT
salaries	NNS
of	IN
graduating	VBG
college	NN
students	NNS
.	.
This	DT
study	NN
compares	VBZ
salaries	NNS
over	IN
a	DT
15-year	JJ
period	NN
and	CC
looks	VBZ
at	IN
how	WRB
supply	NN
and	CC
demand	NN
,	,
the	DT
tech	NN
bubble	NN
,	,
recession	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
forces	NNS
affected	VBD
starting	VBG
salary	NN
offers	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
business	NN
,	,
engineering	NN
,	,
computer-related	JJ
,	,
sciences	NNS
,	,
and	CC
nursing	NN
fields	NNS
.	.
The	DT
study	NN
features	VBZ
an	DT
analysis	NN
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
understand	VB
why	WRB
salaries	NNS
are	VBP
what	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
,	,
and	CC
where	WRB
they	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
going	VBG
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
features	VBZ
hiring	VBG
projections	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
college	NN
Class	NN
of	IN
2007	CD
,	,
including	VBG
projections	NNS
by	IN
sector	NN
and	CC
region	NN
of	IN
the	DT
country	NN
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
also	RB
examines	VBZ
other	JJ
issues	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
employment	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
effective	JJ
recruiting	NN
methods	NNS
,	,
qualities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
ideal	JJ
candidate	NN
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
Building	VBG
a	DT
Premier	NNP
Internship	NNP
Program	NN
:	:
A	DT
Practical	NNP
Guide	NNP
for	IN
Employers	NNP
This	DT
resource	NN
examines	VBZ
the	DT
key	JJ
components	NNS
of	IN
internship	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
provides	VBZ
detailed	JJ
information	NN
on	IN
setting	VBG
up	RP
and	CC
running	VBG
a	DT
top-notch	JJ
program	NN
,	,
advice	NN
,	,
and	CC
18	CD
samples	NNS
on	IN
CD	NNP
to	TO
use	VB
and	CC
adapt	VB
.	.
Learn	VB
the	DT
fundamentals	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
and	CC
hiring	VBG
process	NN
at	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
pace	NN
with	IN
this	DT
new	JJ
self-study	JJ
edition	NN
of	IN
The	DT
Employer	NN
's	POS
Guide	NNP
to	TO
College	NNP
Recruiting	NNP
and	CC
Hiring	NNP
,	,
now	RB
available	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
self-paced	JJ
CD	NNP
version	NN
!	.
This	DT
special	JJ
package	NN
contains	VBZ
the	DT
text	NN
from	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
touchstone	NN
resource	NN
book	NN
,	,
written	VBN
by	IN
Julie	NNP
Cunningham	NNP
,	,
president	NN
of	IN
The	DT
Cunningham	NNP
Group	NNP
,	,
a	DT
university	NN
relations	NNS
and	CC
recruiting	NN
consulting	NN
firm	NN
in	IN
Chicago	NNP
,	,
and	CC
includes	VBZ
research	NN
and	CC
results-oriented	JJ
approaches	NNS
to	TO
attracting	VBG
top	JJ
college	NN
candidates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
samples	NNS
of	IN
letters	NNS
,	,
forms	NNS
,	,
checklists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
agendas	NNS
to	TO
adapt	VB
and	CC
use	VB
with	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
organization-plus	JJ
a	DT
quick	JJ
assessment	NN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
each	DT
chapter	NN
to	TO
test	VB
your	PRP$
new	JJ
knowledge	NN
.	.
Interviewing	VBG
to	TO
Win	VB
Do	VBP
n't	RB
spend	VB
your	PRP$
time	NN
creating	VBG
,	,
developing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
refining	VBG
your	PRP$
own	JJ
workshop	NN
from	IN
scratch	NN
:	:
Interviewing	VBG
to	TO
Win	VB
is	VBZ
a	DT
convenient	JJ
workshop	NN
package	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
a	DT
one-hour	JJ
,	,
10-slide	JJ
presentation	NN
in	IN
PowerPoint	NNP
format	NN
,	,
complete	JJ
with	IN
instructor	NN
's	POS
notes	NNS
;	:
a	DT
leader	NN
's	POS
guide	NN
,	,
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
logistics\/preparation	NN
information	NN
,	,
timeline	NN
,	,
and	CC
instructor	NN
's	POS
script	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
Word	NN
document	NN
format	NN
,	,
so	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
also	RB
easy	JJ
to	TO
adapt	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
teaching	NN
tools	NNS
and	CC
materials	NNS
you	PRP
can	MD
use	VB
with	IN
students	NNS
.	.
And	CC
,	,
all	DT
materials	NNS
are	VBP
fully	RB
adaptable	JJ
,	,
so	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
tailor	VB
your	PRP$
presentation	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
audience	NN
as	IN
needed	VBN
.	.
Created	VBN
by	IN
seasoned	JJ
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
Neil	NNP
Murray	NNP
,	,
University	NNP
of	IN
California	NNP
,	,
San	NNP
Diego	NNP
,	,
Interviewing	VBG
to	TO
Win	VB
is	VBZ
the	DT
answer	NN
to	TO
one	CD
of	IN
Gen	NNP
Y	NNP
's	POS
key	JJ
information	NN
needs-interviewing	JJ
successfully-and	NN
provides	VBZ
you	PRP
with	IN
a	DT
powerful	JJ
tool	NN
to	TO
help	VB
students	NNS
compete	VB
in	IN
today	NN
's	POS
tight	JJ
job	NN
market	NN
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Tailored	VBN
to	TO
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
nontechnical	JJ
disciplines	NNS
,	,
this	DT
magazine	NN
includes	VBZ
information	NN
about	IN
career	NN
development	NN
and	CC
the	DT
job	NN
search	NN
,	,
career	NN
opportunities	NNS
in	IN
business	NN
,	,
accounting	NN
,	,
marketing	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
fields	NNS
with	IN
employers	NNS
across	IN
the	DT
country	NN
.	.
Employer	NN
listings	NNS
include	VBP
candidate	NN
requirements	NNS
,	,
contact	NN
information	NN
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
The	DT
magazine	NN
also	RB
includes	VBZ
articles	NNS
that	WDT
focus	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
job	NN
market	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
break	VB
in	IN
to	TO
various	JJ
industries	NNS
.	.
Indexes	NNS
:	:
Opportunities	NNPS
by	IN
Employer	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
alphabetical	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
Location	NNP
;	:
Occupation	NNP
;	:
Special	JJ
Opportunities	NNPS
;	:
and	CC
Employer	NNP
Web	NNP
Sites	NNPS
.	.
For	IN
information	NN
about	IN
discounts	NNS
,	,
please	VB
see	VB
Job	NNP
Choices	NNS
-	:
Discounts	NNS
.	.
Employer	NN
listings	NNS
include	VBP
such	JJ
information	NN
as	IN
job	NN
candidate	NN
requirements	NNS
,	,
contact	NN
information	NN
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
The	DT
magazine	NN
also	RB
features	VBZ
articles	NNS
about	IN
the	DT
job	NN
market	NN
for	IN
technical	JJ
grads	NNS
,	,
engineering	NN
licensure	NN
,	,
opportunities	NNS
in	IN
healthcare	NN
,	,
and	CC
alternative	JJ
careers	NNS
for	IN
engineering	NN
and	CC
science	NN
majors	NNS
.	.
Gauge	VB
the	DT
effectiveness	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
internship\/co-op	JJ
program	NN
with	IN
data	NNS
from	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
2006	CD
Experiential	NNP
Education	NNP
Survey	NNP
.	.
Get	VB
a	DT
broad	JJ
national	JJ
view	NN
of	IN
the	DT
market	NN
for	IN
internship	NN
and	CC
co-op	NN
students	NNS
and	CC
discover	VBP
which	WDT
recruiting	VBG
methods	NNS
your	PRP$
colleagues	NNS
say	VBP
work	NN
the	DT
best	JJS
.	.
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
the	DT
workbook	NN
complements	VBZ
the	DT
13	CD
categories	NNS
of	IN
standards	NNS
and	CC
helps	VBZ
you	PRP
identify	VB
areas	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
career	NN
services	NNS
program	NN
that	WDT
need	VBP
improvement	NN
and	CC
those	DT
that	WDT
fully	RB
meet	VBP
professional	JJ
standards	NNS
.	.
The	DT
workbook	NN
also	RB
offers	VBZ
tools	NNS
for	IN
calculating	VBG
composite	JJ
and	CC
mean	JJ
scores	NNS
fo	VBP
reach	NN
category	NN
to	TO
enhance	VB
or	CC
overhaul	VB
your	PRP$
program	NN
.	.
Outlook	NN
2007	CD
report	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
annual	JJ
,	,
national	JJ
forecast	NN
of	IN
the	DT
hiring	VBG
intentions	NNS
of	IN
employers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
features	VBZ
hiring	VBG
projections	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
college	NN
Class	NN
of	IN
2007	CD
,	,
including	VBG
projections	NNS
by	IN
sector	NN
and	CC
region	NN
of	IN
the	DT
country	NN
.	.
The	DT
report	NN
also	RB
examines	VBZ
other	JJ
issues	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
employment	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
effective	JJ
recruiting	NN
methods	NNS
,	,
qualities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
ideal	JJ
candidate	NN
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
Addressing	VBG
the	DT
concepts	NNS
,	,
approaches	NNS
,	,
activities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
resources	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
mentoring	NN
,	,
this	DT
guide	NN
examines	VBZ
best	JJS
practices	NNS
and	CC
how-to	JJ
strategies	NNS
for	IN
companies	NNS
that	WDT
want	VBP
to	TO
develop	VB
an	DT
effective	JJ
mentoring	NN
program	NN
.	.
Colleges	NNS
and	CC
Universities	NNS
.	.
Data	NNP
by	IN
size	NN
of	IN
enrollment	NN
,	,
and	CC
include	VBP
office	NN
specifics	NNS
,	,
services	NNS
;	:
graduating	VBG
student	NN
activity	NN
;	:
staffing	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
salaries	NNS
,	,
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
,	,
degree	NN
levels	NNS
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
budget	NN
and	CC
finance	NN
;	:
and	CC
technology	NN
.	.
Learn	VB
about	IN
your	PRP$
colleagues	NNS
'	POS
offer\/acceptance	JJ
ratios	NNS
;	:
how	WRB
they	PRP
select	VBP
target	NN
schools	NNS
for	IN
recruiting	NN
;	:
and	CC
what	WP
other	JJ
companies	NNS
are	VBP
offering	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
way	NN
of	IN
base	NN
salaries	NNS
,	,
signing	VBG
bonuses	NNS
,	,
benefits	NNS
,	,
and	CC
total	JJ
compensation	NN
packages	NNS
.	.
Which	WDT
have	VBP
lost	VBN
ground	NN
,	,
and	CC
why	WRB
?	.
Gain	NN
insight	NN
into	IN
how	WRB
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
economy	NN
,	,
demographics	NNS
,	,
and	CC
work-related	JJ
forced	VBN
affect	VB
the	DT
salaries	NNS
of	IN
graduating	VBG
college	NN
students	NNS
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
historical	JJ
salary	NN
data	NNS
from	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
report	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
economic	JJ
and	CC
demographic	JJ
information	NN
supplied	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Bureau	NNP
of	IN
Labor	NNP
Statistics	NNPS
,	,
Bureau	NNP
of	IN
Economic	NNP
Analysis	NNP
,	,
and	CC
National	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Education	NNP
Statistics	NNPS
,	,
this	DT
study	NN
compares	VBZ
salaries	NNS
over	IN
a	DT
15-year	JJ
period	NN
and	CC
looks	VBZ
at	IN
how	WRB
supply	NN
and	CC
demand	NN
,	,
the	DT
tech	NN
bubble	NN
,	,
recession	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
forces	NNS
affected	VBD
starting	VBG
salary	NN
offers	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
business	NN
,	,
engineering	NN
,	,
computer-related	JJ
,	,
sciences	NNS
,	,
and	CC
nursing	NN
fields	NNS
.	.
The	DT
study	NN
features	VBZ
more	JJR
than	IN
40	CD
graphs	NNS
and	CC
figures	NNS
to	TO
illustrate	VB
trends	NNS
at	IN
both	DT
the	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
and	CC
master	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
levels	NNS
,	,
and	CC
analysis	NN
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
understand	VB
why	WRB
salaries	NNS
are	VBP
what	WP
they	PRP
are	VBP
,	,
and	CC
where	WRB
they	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
going	VBG
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
NACE	NNP
's	POS
touchstone	NN
resource	NN
book	NN
,	,
including	VBG
research	NN
and	CC
results-oriented	JJ
approaches	NNS
to	TO
attracting	VBG
top	JJ
college	NN
candidates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
samples	NNS
of	IN
letters	NNS
,	,
forms	NNS
,	,
checklists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
agendas	NNS
to	TO
adapt	VB
and	CC
use	VB
with	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
organization	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
Customer	NN
Satisfaction	NN
Return	NN
Policy	NN
:	:
NACE	NNP
will	MD
accept	VB
returns	NNS
on	IN
all	DT
products	NNS
except	IN
for	IN
audio	NN
and	CC
video	NN
material	NN
and	CC
materials	NNS
downloaded	VBN
in	IN
PDF	NNP
format	NN
.	.
Audiocassettes	NNS
,	,
CD-ROMs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
videos	NNS
sales	NNS
are	VBP
final	JJ
unless	IN
product	NN
is	VBZ
defective	JJ
.	.
Prepayment	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
.	.
Returns	NNS
for	IN
other	JJ
resources	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
postmarked	VBN
within	IN
30	CD
days	NNS
from	IN
shipping	NN
date	NN
are	VBP
accepted	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
full	JJ
refund	NN
;	:
returns	NNS
postmarked	VBD
31	CD
to	TO
60	CD
days	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
shipping	NN
date	NN
will	MD
incur	VB
a	DT
50	CD
percent	NN
restocking	VBG
fee	NN
.	.
No	DT
refund	NN
available	JJ
61	CD
days	NNS
after	IN
invoice	NN
date	NN
.	.
Side	NN
2	CD
identifies	VBZ
five	CD
major	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
acquire	VB
needed	VBN
career	NN
information	NN
to	TO
help	VB
formulate	VB
a	DT
decision	NN
;	:
and	CC
Side	NN
3	CD
identifies	VBZ
generic	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
offered	VBN
by	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
level	NN
of	IN
career	NN
clarity	NN
.	.
The	DT
NACE\/Chevron	NNP
Award	NNP
for	IN
Innovative	JJ
Programs	NNS
in	IN
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
recognizes	VBZ
and	CC
honors	NNS
a	DT
NACE	NNP
college	NN
member	NN
or	CC
a	DT
regional	JJ
association	NN
college	NN
member	NN
for	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
a	DT
ground-breaking	JJ
program	NN
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
.	.
The	DT
NACE	NNP
Academy	NNP
of	IN
Fellows	NNPS
recognizes	VBZ
individuals	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
contributed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
human	JJ
resources\/staffing	NN
profession	NN
through	IN
the	DT
advancement	NN
of	IN
knowledge	NN
,	,
leadership	NN
,	,
or	CC
excellence	NN
in	IN
professional	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
Chevron	NNP
Award	NNP
.	.
Iowa	NNP
State	NNP
's	POS
College	NNP
of	IN
Engineering	NNP
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
developed	VBD
a	DT
set	NN
of	IN
metrics	NNS
to	TO
assess	VB
student	NN
development	NN
and	CC
demonstrate	VB
the	DT
ability-based	JJ
outcomes	NNS
required	VBN
for	IN
accreditation	NN
.	.
Staff	NNP
also	RB
developed	VBD
a	DT
sustainable	JJ
system	NN
to	TO
deliver	VB
the	DT
tools	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
advisers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
experiential	JJ
education	NN
supervisors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
supports	VBZ
the	DT
program	NN
by	IN
delivering	VBG
data	NNS
about	IN
student	NN
development	NN
to	TO
faculty	NN
each	DT
semester	NN
.	.
The	DT
Employer	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Year	NN
award	NN
recognizes	VBZ
individuals	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
contributed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
college	NN
relations	NNS
and	CC
recruiting	VBG
progression	NN
through	IN
exemplary	JJ
service\/leadership	NN
in	IN
the	DT
professional	JJ
associations	NNS
,	,
advocacy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
college	NN
relations	NNS
and	CC
recruitment	NN
function	NN
,	,
and	CC
mentorship	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
professionals	NNS
.	.
Employer	NN
Profile	NNP
''	''
submitted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
California-Berkeley	NNP
Career	NNP
Center	NNP
.	.
The	DT
career	NN
center	NN
staff	NN
,	,
led	VBN
by	IN
director	NN
Thomas	NNP
Devlin	NNP
,	,
developed	VBD
this	DT
web-based	JJ
program	NN
to	TO
allow	VB
participating	VBG
employers	NNS
to	TO
market	VB
themselves	PRP
to	TO
Berkeley	NNP
students	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
basic	JJ
employer	NN
profile	NN
,	,
complete	JJ
with	IN
text	NN
,	,
hyperlinks	NNS
,	,
and	CC
company	NN
logo	NN
.	.
Profiles	NNS
remain	VBP
online	JJ
for	IN
11	CD
months	NNS
,	,
and	CC
include	VBP
such	JJ
options	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
weekly	JJ
``	``
Employer	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Week	NN
''	''
and	CC
a	DT
``	``
Tell	VB
Me	PRP
More	JJR
''	''
feature	NN
which	WDT
link	NN
into	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
profiles	NNS
.	.
The	DT
video	NN
simultaneously	RB
addresses	VBZ
student	NN
concerns	NNS
and	CC
misconceptions	NNS
about	IN
these	DT
services	NNS
.	.
Incorporating	VBG
commentary	NN
from	IN
upbeat	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
the	DT
video	NN
depicts	VBZ
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
as	IN
inviting	VBG
,	,
accessible	JJ
,	,
and	CC
well	RB
worth	IN
a	DT
visit	NN
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
competition	NN
,	,
teams	NNS
of	IN
M.B.A.	NNP
students	NNS
compete	VBP
for	IN
a	DT
hypothetical	JJ
job	NN
with	IN
a	DT
sponsoring	VBG
employer	NN
.	.
The	DT
competition	NN
includes	VBZ
a	DT
career	NN
resource	NN
scavenger	NN
hunt	NN
,	,
requiring	VBG
hands-on	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
CRC	NNP
resources	NNS
;	:
company	NN
and	CC
industry	NN
research	NN
;	:
and	CC
an	DT
interview	NN
with	IN
a	DT
representative	NN
of	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
enables	VBZ
students	NNS
to	TO
acquire	VB
career-related	JJ
,	,
paid	VBD
internship	NN
experience	NN
in	IN
an	DT
international	JJ
setting	NN
.	.
Offered	VBN
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
North	NNP
London	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Technology	NNP
,	,
Sydney	NNP
,	,
the	DT
program	NN
includes	VBZ
an	DT
he	PRP
academic	JJ
component	NN
--	:
a	DT
three-credit	JJ
course	NN
entitled	VBN
``	``
International	NNP
Perspectives	NNPS
in	IN
Career	NNP
Development	NNP
.	.
''	''
For	IN
many	JJ
college	NN
students	NNS
,	,
going	VBG
out	RP
into	IN
the	DT
world	NN
poses	VBZ
its	PRP$
share	NN
of	IN
challenges	NNS
.	.
To	TO
facilitate	VB
that	DT
transition	NN
,	,
student	NN
life	NN
and	CC
alumni	NNS
relations	NNS
staff	NN
collaborated	VBD
on	IN
a	DT
guide	NN
for	IN
prospective	JJ
graduates	NNS
.	.
The	DT
handbook	NN
offers	VBZ
advice	NN
on	IN
such	JJ
topics	NNS
as	IN
finding	VBG
a	DT
place	NN
to	TO
live	VB
,	,
managing	VBG
money	NN
,	,
and	CC
achieving	VBG
a	DT
work\/life	NN
balance	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
being	VBG
distributed	VBN
to	TO
seniors	NNS
of	IN
traditional	JJ
age	NN
,	,
the	DT
guide	NN
also	RB
is	VBZ
used	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
textbook	NN
for	IN
an	DT
interim	JJ
course	NN
for	IN
upperclassmen	NNS
entitled	VBN
``	``
Real	JJ
World	NN
101	CD
:	:
Life	NNP
After	IN
College	NNP
.	.
''	''
The	DT
guide	NN
encourages	VBZ
new	JJ
and	CC
recent	JJ
graduates	NNS
to	TO
evaluate	VB
and	CC
compare	VB
prospective	JJ
employers	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
total	JJ
cash	NN
compensation	NN
,	,
benefits	NNS
,	,
nature	NN
of	IN
work	NN
,	,
professional	JJ
development	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
work-life	NN
balance	NN
,	,
employment	NN
stability	NN
,	,
and	CC
organizational	JJ
values	NNS
.	.
Designed	VBN
to	TO
build	VB
a	DT
one-to-one	JJ
relationship	NN
between	IN
the	DT
student	NN
and	CC
the	DT
company	NN
,	,
the	DT
site	NN
incorporates	VBZ
streaming	VBG
video	NN
,	,
audio	JJ
clips	NNS
,	,
and	CC
interactive	JJ
features	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
video	JJ
clips	NNS
of	IN
executives	NNS
discussing	VBG
their	PRP$
experiences	NNS
working	VBG
for	IN
Federated	NNP
.	.
This	DT
eight-minute	JJ
video	NN
explains	VBZ
how	WRB
to	TO
effectively	RB
prepare	VB
for	IN
a	DT
job	NN
fair	NN
.	.
The	DT
video	NN
targets	VBZ
a	DT
student	NN
audience	NN
,	,
discussing	VBG
the	DT
stages	NNS
of	IN
job-fair	NN
preparation	NN
,	,
communication	NN
,	,
and	CC
follow-up	JJ
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
also	RB
tips	NNS
on	IN
how	WRB
students	NNS
can	MD
present	VB
themselves	PRP
to	TO
companies	NNS
during	IN
a	DT
job	NN
fair	NN
.	.
Brief	NN
remarks	NNS
from	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
corporate	JJ
contacts	NNS
attending	VBG
a	DT
job	NN
fair	JJ
show	NN
how	WRB
to	TO
prepare	VB
for	IN
job	NN
fairs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
employers	NNS
seek	VBP
from	IN
students	NNS
.	.
``	``
Connecting	VBG
with	IN
Employers	NNS
''	''
is	VBZ
fast-paced	JJ
and	CC
presents	VBZ
information	NN
in	IN
a	DT
clear	JJ
,	,
organized	VBN
,	,
nonintimidating	VBG
manner	NN
.	.
During	IN
Career	NNP
Month	NNP
,	,
educators	NNS
from	IN
schools	NNS
,	,
colleges	NNS
,	,
and	CC
universities	NNS
provide	VBP
resources	NNS
and	CC
programs	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
careers	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
also	RB
have	VBP
students	NNS
read	VB
and	CC
write	VB
about	IN
careers	NNS
.	.
Educators	NNP
are	VBP
also	RB
asked	VBN
to	TO
visit	VB
companies	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
invite	VB
alumni	NNS
to	TO
speak	VB
on-campus	JJ
about	IN
their	PRP$
jobs	NNS
.	.
In	IN
turn	NN
,	,
employers	NNS
may	MD
hold	VB
open	JJ
houses	NNS
,	,
and	CC
invite	VB
students	NNS
and	CC
employees	NNS
?	.
children	NNS
to	TO
visit	VB
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
employees	NNS
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
speak	VB
at	IN
schools	NNS
about	IN
their	PRP$
career	NN
experiences	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
Month	NNP
in	IN
Louisiana	NNP
creates	VBZ
an	DT
awareness	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
among	IN
LSU	NNP
faculty	NN
,	,
staff	NN
,	,
students	NNS
,	,
and	CC
employers	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
also	RB
gains	VBZ
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
collaborate	VB
with	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
30	CD
existing	VBG
statewide	JJ
networks	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
chambers	NNS
of	IN
commerce	NN
and	CC
trade	NN
associations	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
Week	NNP
,	,
entitled	VBN
``	``
Shoot	VB
for	IN
the	DT
Stars	NNP
,	,
''	''
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
staff	NN
designed	VBN
a	DT
publicity	NN
package	NN
.	.
The	DT
package	NN
included	VBD
a	DT
button	NN
,	,
a	DT
poster	NN
,	,
a	DT
four-fold	RB
brochure	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
40-page	JJ
booklet	NN
.	.
In	IN
staying	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
out-of-this-world	JJ
theme	NN
,	,
each	DT
piece	NN
in	IN
the	DT
media	NNS
package	NN
is	VBZ
illustrated	VBN
with	IN
shooting	VBG
stars	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
space-related	JJ
graphics	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
the	DT
four-fold	RB
brochure	NN
encourages	VBZ
students	NNS
to	TO
``	``
Expand	VB
your	PRP$
universe	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
The	DT
Career	NNP
Digger	NNP
''	''
helps	VBZ
freshmen	NNS
and	CC
undecided	JJ
majors	NNS
explore	VBP
their	PRP$
options	NNS
in	IN
choosing	VBG
a	DT
major	JJ
and	CC
a	DT
career	NN
.	.
The	DT
publication	NN
is	VBZ
divided	VBN
into	IN
sections	NNS
by	IN
major	JJ
,	,
with	IN
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
job	NN
outlook	NN
and	CC
starting	VBG
salaries	NNS
in	IN
various	JJ
fields	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
lists	VBZ
employers	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
hired	VBN
Colorado	NNP
School	NNP
of	IN
Mines	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CSM	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
students	NNS
and	CC
graduates	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Career	NNP
Services	NNP
Center	NNP
Information	NNP
System	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CSCIS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
an	DT
intranet	JJ
offering	NN
Darden	NNP
Graduate	NNP
School	NNP
students	NNS
and	CC
staff	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
corporate	JJ
representatives	NNS
,	,
a	DT
more	RBR
efficient	JJ
system	NN
to	TO
access	NN
placement	NN
opportunities	NNS
.	.
Students	NNS
apply	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
center	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
junior	NN
year	NN
and	CC
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
program	NN
in	IN
August	NNP
during	IN
the	DT
week	NN
before	IN
school	NN
starts	NNS
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
was	VBD
submitted	VBN
by	IN
Bob	NNP
Orndorff	NNP
,	,
director	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
Placement	NNP
Center	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
all-in-one	JJ
career	NN
planning	NN
resource	NN
for	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
at	IN
State	NNP
University	NNP
of	IN
New	NNP
York-Stony	NNP
Brook	NNP
.	.
Taking	VBG
top	JJ
prize	NN
among	IN
college	NN
entries	NNS
,	,
this	DT
guide	NN
was	VBD
submitted	VBN
by	IN
Tim	NNP
Luzader	NNP
,	,
director	NN
of	IN
career	NN
placement	NN
at	IN
SUNY-Stony	NNP
Brook	NNP
.	.
The	DT
35-page	JJ
booklet	NN
contains	VBZ
a	DT
month-by-month	JJ
calendar	NN
of	IN
on-campus	JJ
career	NN
planning	VBG
events	NNS
,	,
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
various	JJ
services	NNS
offered	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
career	NN
placement	NN
center	NN
,	,
job	NN
hunting	NN
tips	NNS
,	,
a	DT
career	NN
checklist	NN
,	,
and	CC
details	NNS
on	IN
graduate	JJ
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
magazine	NN
was	VBD
created	VBN
to	TO
draw	VB
students	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
almost-hidden	JJ
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
in	IN
the	DT
basement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
campus	NN
library	NN
.	.
This	DT
free	JJ
guide	NN
talks	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
about	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
Internet	NNP
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
job-search	JJ
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
guide	NN
was	VBD
submitted	VBN
by	IN
Raymond	NNP
H.	NNP
Thrift	NNP
,	,
Jr.	NNP
,	,
director	NN
of	IN
career	NN
development	NN
services	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
West	NNP
Florida	NNP
.	.
Room	NN
Zoom	NNP
:	:
The	DT
CPA	NNP
Source	NNP
Disc	NNP
,	,
from	IN
the	DT
American	NNP
Institute	NNP
of	IN
CPAs	NNPS
,	,
was	VBD
recognized	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
winner	NN
in	IN
the	DT
technical	JJ
innovation	NN
category	NN
.	.
This	DT
CD-ROM	NN
offers	VBZ
information	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
on	IN
accounting	NN
and	CC
careers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
interactive	JJ
CD	NNP
allows	VBZ
users	NNS
to	TO
explore	VB
educational	JJ
requirements	NNS
,	,
offers	VBZ
tips	NNS
on	IN
finding	VBG
a	DT
first	JJ
job	NN
,	,
and	CC
gives	VBZ
details	NNS
on	IN
career	NN
paths	NNS
,	,
salaries	NNS
,	,
technology	NN
,	,
publications	NNS
,	,
and	CC
organizations	NNS
for	IN
CPAs	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
submitted	VBN
by	IN
Jodi	NNP
Landau	NNP
Ryan	NNP
,	,
manager	NN
of	IN
recruiting	VBG
programs	NNS
.	.
Carolina	NNP
Connection	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
web-based	JJ
data	NN
base	NN
of	IN
University	NNP
of	IN
North	NNP
Carolina	NNP
at	IN
Chapel	NNP
Hill	NNP
alumni	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
volunteered	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
UNC	NNP
students	NNS
and	CC
graduates	NNS
with	IN
their	PRP$
career	NN
plans	NNS
and	CC
job	NN
searches	NNS
.	.
This	DT
data	NN
base	NN
is	VBZ
searchable	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
Internet	NNP
and	CC
accessible	JJ
to	TO
anyone	NN
using	VBG
a	DT
UNC-domain	JJ
computer	NN
or	CC
a	DT
career	NN
center-registered	JJ
password	NN
.	.
Carolina	NNP
Connection	NN
was	VBD
submitted	VBN
by	IN
Marcia	NNP
Harris	NNP
,	,
director	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
``	``
Projections	NNS
for	IN
M.B.A.	NNP
hiring	VBG
are	VBP
in	IN
line	NN
with	IN
what	WP
we	PRP
're	VBP
seeing	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
job	NN
market	NN
for	IN
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
whole	NN
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Marilyn	NNP
Mackes	NNP
,	,
NACE	NNP
executive	NN
director	NN
.	.
``	``
Employers	NNS
reported	VBD
plans	NNS
to	TO
increase	VB
their	PRP$
college	NN
hires	VBZ
by	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
17	CD
percent	NN
this	DT
year	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
We	PRP
're	VBP
not	RB
seeing	VBG
any	DT
significant	JJ
move	NN
toward	IN
using	VBG
signing	NN
bonuses	NNS
this	DT
year	NN
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Marilyn	NNP
Mackes	NNP
,	,
NACE	NNP
executive	NN
director	NN
.	.
``	``
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
more	JJR
than	IN
three-quarters	NNS
of	IN
those	DT
who	WP
plan	VBP
to	TO
use	VB
signing	NN
bonuses	NNS
reported	VBD
that	IN
they	PRP
will	MD
use	VB
them	PRP
selectively	RB
.	.
They	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
offering	VBG
them	PRP
to	TO
all	DT
candidates	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
On	IN
average	NN
,	,
employers	NNS
reported	VBD
plans	NNS
to	TO
increase	VB
their	PRP$
starting	VBG
salary	NN
offers	NNS
by	IN
4.6	CD
percent	NN
over	IN
last	JJ
year	NN
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Mackes	NNP
.	.
``	``
That	DT
's	VBZ
nearly	RB
a	DT
full	JJ
percentage	NN
point	NN
higher	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
increases	NNS
they	PRP
reported	VBD
for	IN
the	DT
Class	NN
of	IN
2006	CD
and	CC
the	DT
Class	NN
of	IN
2005	CD
.	.
''	''
About	IN
the	DT
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
2007	CD
Survey	NN
:	:
The	DT
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
survey	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
forecast	NN
of	IN
hiring	VBG
intentions	NNS
of	IN
employers	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
relate	VBP
to	TO
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NACE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
surveys	VBZ
its	PRP$
employer	NN
members	NNS
about	IN
their	PRP$
hiring	NN
plans	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
employment-related	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
``	``
These	DT
salary	NN
increases	VBZ
combined	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
recent	JJ
poll	NN
of	IN
Salary	NNP
Survey	NN
participants	NNS
indicate	VBP
that	IN
2005-06	CD
has	VBZ
been	VBN
the	DT
best	JJS
job	NN
market	NN
in	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
four	CD
years	NNS
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Marilyn	NNP
Mackes	NNP
,	,
NACE	NNP
executive	NN
director	NN
.	.
``	``
Nearly	RB
nine	CD
out	IN
of	IN
10	CD
respondents	NNS
to	TO
that	DT
poll	NN
said	VBD
that	IN
2005-06	CD
grads	NNS
had	VBD
more	RBR
job	NN
opportunities	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
them	PRP
than	IN
2004-05	CD
grads	NNS
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
added	VBD
.	.
``	``
And	CC
,	,
respondents	NNS
said	VBD
employers	NNS
strongly	RB
participated	VBD
in	IN
recruiting	VBG
activities	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
on-campus	JJ
recruiting	NN
,	,
career	NN
fairs	NNS
,	,
information	NN
sessions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
intern	NN
and	CC
co-op	NN
recruiting	NN
.	.
''	''
Salary	NNP
Survey	NN
participants	NNS
reported	VBD
other	JJ
signs	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
robust	JJ
market	NN
for	IN
2005-06	CD
grads	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
earlier	JJR
,	,
and	CC
,	,
in	IN
some	DT
cases	NNS
,	,
multiple	JJ
job	NN
offers	VBZ
to	TO
students	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
surprising	JJ
that	IN
starting	VBG
salary	NN
offers	NNS
have	VBP
increased	VBN
in	IN
almost	RB
all	DT
curriculum	NN
areas	NNS
.	.
The	DT
increase	NN
for	IN
liberal	JJ
arts	NNS
majors	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
group	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
minute	JJ
0.2	CD
percent	NN
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
increases	NNS
and	CC
decreases	VBZ
of	IN
individual	JJ
majors	NNS
canceling	VBG
each	DT
other	JJ
out	RP
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
political	JJ
science\/government	NN
majors	NNS
saw	VBD
a	DT
0.3	CD
percent	NN
increase	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
average	JJ
offer	NN
,	,
raising	VBG
it	PRP
to	TO
$	$
33,094	CD
,	,
but	CC
English	NNP
majors	NNS
saw	VBD
a	DT
decrease	NN
of	IN
0.2	CD
percent	NN
,	,
lowering	VBG
their	PRP$
offer	NN
to	TO
$	$
31,385	CD
.	.
More	JJR
than	IN
half	NN
of	IN
the	DT
employers	NNS
who	WP
provided	VBD
key	JJ
reasons	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
anticipated	JJ
hiring	NN
increase	NN
cited	VBD
the	DT
growth	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
organizations	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
also	RB
reported	VBN
employees	NNS
nearing	VBG
retirement	NN
age	NN
,	,
high	JJ
attrition	NN
rates	NNS
,	,
or	CC
business	NN
needs	NNS
that	WDT
would	MD
require	VB
increased	JJ
hiring	NN
.	.
``	``
Overall	RB
,	,
the	DT
college	NN
Class	NN
of	IN
2006	CD
is	VBZ
doing	VBG
very	RB
well	RB
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
starting	VBG
salaries	NNS
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Camille	NNP
Luckenbaugh	NNP
,	,
NACE	NNP
research	NN
director	NN
.	.
``	``
We	PRP
began	VBD
reporting	VBG
on	IN
their	PRP$
salary	NN
offers	VBZ
in	IN
January	NNP
and	CC
we	PRP
've	VBP
seen	VBN
salaries	NNS
continue	VBP
to	TO
rise	VB
since	IN
that	DT
time	NN
.	.
Employers	NNS
expected	VBD
to	TO
face	VB
more	JJR
competition	NN
for	IN
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
this	DT
year	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
competition	NN
is	VBZ
translating	VBG
into	IN
higher	JJR
salaries	NNS
.	.
''	''
Business	NN
administration\/management	JJ
graduates	NNS
also	RB
fared	VBD
well	RB
;	:
their	PRP$
average	JJ
salary	NN
offer	NN
jumped	VBD
by	IN
6.3	CD
percent	NN
to	TO
$	$
42,048	CD
.	.
A	DT
large	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
offers	NNS
made	VBN
to	TO
these	DT
graduates	NNS
came	VBD
from	IN
investment	NN
banking	NN
firms	NNS
,	,
who	WP
offered	VBD
on	IN
average	NN
,	,
salaries	NNS
of	IN
$	$
53,277	CD
,	,
well	RB
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
the	DT
overall	JJ
average	NN
.	.
The	DT
average	JJ
salary	NN
offer	NN
to	TO
economics\/finance	VB
graduates	NNS
rose	VBD
to	TO
$	$
45,112	CD
,	,
a	DT
solid	JJ
5.1	CD
percent	NN
increase	NN
.	.
Financial	NNP
services	NNS
employers	NNS
and	CC
investment	NN
banking	NN
firms	NNS
provided	VBD
a	DT
hefty	JJ
share	NN
of	IN
the	DT
offers	NNS
reported	VBD
for	IN
these	DT
graduates	NNS
.	.
Graduates	NNS
with	IN
degrees	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
computer	NN
sciences	NNS
also	RB
posted	VBD
increases	NNS
across	IN
the	DT
board	NN
.	.
The	DT
average	JJ
offer	NN
to	TO
computer	NN
science	NN
graduates	NNS
rose	VBD
just	RB
1	CD
percent	NN
to	TO
a	DT
healthy	JJ
$	$
51,305	CD
.	.
Information	NNP
sciences	NNS
and	CC
systems	NNS
graduates	NNS
saw	VBD
a	DT
more	RBR
substantial	JJ
increase	NN
,	,
gaining	VBG
8.5	CD
percent	NN
to	TO
bring	VB
their	PRP$
average	JJ
offer	NN
to	TO
$	$
48,593	CD
.	.
Chemical	NNP
engineering	NN
majors	NNS
posted	VBD
a	DT
solid	JJ
4.7	CD
percent	NN
increase	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
average	JJ
salary	NN
offer	NN
,	,
raising	VBG
it	PRP
to	TO
$	$
56,335	CD
.	.
Petroleum	NNP
and	CC
coal	NN
products	NNS
manufacturers	NNS
made	VBD
the	DT
largest	JJS
number	NN
of	IN
offers	NNS
to	TO
these	DT
grads	NNS
and	CC
were	VBD
willing	JJ
to	TO
pay	VB
them	PRP
top	JJ
dollar-an	JJ
average	NN
of	IN
$	$
58,456	CD
.	.
About	IN
Salary	NNP
Survey	NN
:	:
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
quarterly	JJ
report	NN
of	IN
starting	VBG
salary	NN
offers	NNS
to	TO
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
in	IN
70	CD
disciplines	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
level	NN
.	.
The	DT
survey	NN
compiles	VBZ
data	NNS
from	IN
college	NN
and	CC
university	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
offices	NNS
nationwide	JJ
.	.
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
is	VBZ
issued	VBN
in	IN
Winter	NNP
,	,
Spring	NNP
,	,
Summer	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Fall	NN
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
Fall	NN
issue	NN
serving	VBG
as	IN
the	DT
year-end	JJ
report	NN
.	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
easy	JJ
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
improve	VB
morale	NN
and	CC
productivity	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
office	NN
with	IN
coaching	NN
,	,
staff	NN
meetings	NNS
,	,
performance	NN
reviews	NNS
,	,
and	CC
``	``
fun	NN
''	''
activities	NNS
.	.
Discover	NNP
what	WP
organizations	NNS
are	VBP
doing	VBG
to	TO
successfully	RB
increase	VB
employee	NN
performance	NN
through	IN
``	``
attitude	NN
makeovers	NNS
,	,
''	''
and	CC
pick	VB
up	RP
new	JJ
ideas	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
use	VB
with	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
around	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Tennessee	NNP
Tech	NNP
University	NNP
for	IN
six	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
all	DT
career	NN
placement	NN
and	CC
experiential	JJ
programs	NNS
for	IN
this	DT
comprehensive	JJ
university	NN
of	IN
9,400	CD
students	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
president-elect	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Tennessee	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
Employers	NNP
and	CC
served	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Technology	NNP
Committee	NNP
.	.
Camuti	NNP
has	VBZ
an	DT
M.B.A.	NNP
from	IN
Golden	NNP
Gate	NNP
University	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
working	VBG
on	IN
her	PRP$
Ph.D.	NNP
in	IN
industrial	JJ
psychology	NN
.	.
Mary	NNP
Mahoney	NNP
is	VBZ
assistant	JJ
director	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Tennessee	NNP
,	,
Knoxville	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
manages	VBZ
the	DT
day-to-day	JJ
operations	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
on-campus	JJ
recruiting	NN
program	NN
,	,
and	CC
presents	VBZ
workshops	NNS
and	CC
counseling	NN
on	IN
areas	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
job-search	JJ
process	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
21	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
as	IN
a	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
.	.
Both	DT
presenters	NNS
supervise	VBP
employees	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
conducted	VBN
research	NN
into	IN
motivation	NN
theory	NN
.	.
They	PRP
conducted	VBD
research	NN
in	IN
February	NNP
of	IN
2006	CD
to	TO
collect	VB
feedback	NN
from	IN
employers	NNS
regarding	VBG
successful	JJ
techniques	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
been	VBN
tried	VBN
and	CC
implemented	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
at	IN
Albertus	NNP
Magnus	NNP
College	NNP
in	IN
Connecticut	NNP
knew	VBD
they	PRP
needed	VBD
to	TO
service	VB
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
working	VBG
adult	NN
students	NNS
balancing	VBG
education	NN
,	,
employment	NN
,	,
and	CC
family	NN
;	:
students	NNS
looking	VBG
to	TO
advance	NN
or	CC
change	VB
their	PRP$
careers	NNS
;	:
and	CC
traditional	JJ
students	NNS
who	WP
would	MD
be	VB
seeking	VBG
an	DT
entry-level	JJ
position	NN
.	.
Staff	NNP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
develop	VB
services	NNS
that	WDT
were	VBD
personal	JJ
,	,
convenient	JJ
,	,
and	CC
comprehensive	JJ
.	.
This	DT
case	NN
study	NN
looks	VBZ
at	IN
the	DT
methods	NNS
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
at	IN
Albertus	NNP
Magnus	NNP
College	NNP
used	VBD
to	TO
increase	VB
service	NN
levels	NNS
to	TO
all	DT
students	NNS
.	.
Explore	VB
how	WRB
this	DT
office	NN
used	VBD
resume	VB
development	NN
concepts	NNS
,	,
Schlossberg	NNP
's	POS
transition	NN
theory	NN
,	,
market-driven	JJ
management	NN
,	,
and	CC
qualitative	JJ
research	NN
methods	NNS
to	TO
define	VB
and	CC
meet	VB
the	DT
diverse	JJ
resume	VB
development	NN
needs	NNS
of	IN
traditional	JJ
and	CC
adult	JJ
populations	NNS
.	.
Suzanne	NNP
Yurko	NNP
Wall	NNP
is	VBZ
currently	RB
the	DT
director	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
at	IN
Albertus	NNP
Magnus	NNP
College	NNP
in	IN
New	NNP
Haven	NNP
,	,
Connecticut	NNP
,	,
where	WRB
she	PRP
has	VBZ
developed	VBN
a	DT
wide	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
innovative	JJ
career	NN
development	NN
services	NNS
for	IN
current	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
2002	CD
recipient	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Student	NNP
Personnel	NNP
Administrators	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NASPA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
Outstanding	JJ
New	NNP
Professional	NNP
Award	NNP
for	IN
Connecticut	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
serving	VBG
as	IN
secretary	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Connecticut	NNP
Career	NNP
Counseling	NN
and	CC
Development	NNP
Association	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CCCDA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
eight	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
field	NN
.	.
What	WP
makes	VBZ
the	DT
roundtable	NN
unique	JJ
is	VBZ
that	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
other	JJ
college	NN
recruiting	NN
and	CC
staffing	NN
professionals	NNS
will	MD
set	VB
the	DT
agenda	NN
,	,
whether	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
discuss	VB
signing	NN
bonuses	NNS
or	CC
experiential	JJ
education	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Come	VBN
prepared	JJ
with	IN
questions	NNS
and	CC
suggestions	NNS
for	IN
this	DT
moderated	VBN
discussion	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
participant	NN
,	,
you	PRP
'll	MD
gain	VB
valuable	JJ
insights	NNS
into	IN
enhancing	VBG
and	CC
distinguishing	VBG
your	PRP$
program	NN
.	.
Higher	JJR
education	NN
institutions	NNS
demand	VBP
accountability	NN
.	.
College	NNP
and	CC
university	NN
administrators	NNS
want	VBP
to	TO
know	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
getting	VBG
the	DT
most	JJS
out	IN
of	IN
their	PRP$
resources	NNS
and	CC
dollars	NNS
and	CC
thus	RB
,	,
increasingly	RB
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
offices	NNS
must	MD
provide	VB
concrete	JJ
evidence	NN
about	IN
the	DT
positive	JJ
impact	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
to	TO
clients	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
past	NN
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
answered	VBN
this	DT
request	NN
for	IN
evidence	NN
by	IN
providing	VBG
placement	NN
numbers	NNS
and	CC
counting	VBG
everything	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
visits	NNS
,	,
programs	NNS
,	,
job	NN
postings	NNS
,	,
phone	NN
calls	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Yet	RB
,	,
placement	NN
numbers	NNS
were	VBD
often	RB
dependent	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
economy	NN
and	CC
student	NN
motivation	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
centers	VBZ
provide	VB
developmental	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
work	NN
with	IN
students	NNS
beginning	VBG
early	RB
in	IN
students	NNS
'	POS
college	NN
careers	NNS
.	.
Join	VB
us	PRP
for	IN
a	DT
view	NN
of	IN
one	CD
high-tech	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
improving	VBG
outcomes	NNS
data	NNS
and	CC
high-touch	JJ
services	NNS
.	.
Presenters	NNS
will	MD
share	VB
a	DT
strategy	NN
for	IN
defining	VBG
career	NN
competency	NN
outcomes	NNS
that	WDT
engendered	VBD
immediate	JJ
staff	NN
buy-in	NN
.	.
See	VB
how	WRB
these	DT
outcomes	NNS
were	VBD
connected	VBN
to	TO
programs	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
,	,
bringing	VBG
theory	NN
to	TO
practice	VB
in	IN
a	DT
unique	JJ
and	CC
exciting	JJ
way	NN
.	.
This	DT
seminar	NN
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
an	DT
encore	NN
presentation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
popular	JJ
concurrent	JJ
session	NN
at	IN
the	DT
2006	CD
NACE	NNP
National	NNP
Meeting	VBG
,	,
aims	VBZ
to	TO
stimulate	VB
your	PRP$
thoughts	NNS
and	CC
actions	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
challenge	NN
of	IN
actualizing	VBG
outcomes	NNS
.	.
Discover	NNP
how	WRB
a	DT
learning	NN
outcomes	VBZ
model	NN
for	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
was	VBD
developed	VBN
and	CC
supported	VBN
by	IN
staff	NN
Explore	VB
how	WRB
a	DT
technology	NN
solution	NN
provides	VBZ
the	DT
foundation	NN
for	IN
outcomes	NNS
data	NNS
collection	NN
and	CC
high	JJ
touch	NN
or	CC
personalized	VBN
services	NNS
Find	VB
out	RP
how	WRB
a	DT
learning	NN
outcomes	VBZ
model	NN
can	MD
drive	VB
interventions	NNS
,	,
promote	VB
accountability	NN
,	,
and	CC
demonstrate	VB
student	NN
competency	NN
development	NN
.	.
Gail	NNP
S.	NNP
Rooney	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
director	NN
of	IN
The	DT
Career	NNP
Center	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Illinois	NNP
at	IN
Urbana-Champaign	NNP
.	.
Prior	RB
to	TO
her	PRP$
current	JJ
position	NN
she	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
director	NN
of	IN
University	NNP
Career	NNP
and	CC
Employment	NNP
Services	NNPS
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Kansas	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
in	IN
a	DT
counselor	NN
education	NN
program	NN
and	CC
vice-president	NN
for	IN
student	NN
development	NN
at	IN
a	DT
small	JJ
private	JJ
college	NN
.	.
She	PRP
received	VBD
her	PRP$
Ph.D.	NNP
in	IN
counseling	VBG
psychology	NN
from	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Illinois	NNP
and	CC
her	PRP$
M.S.	NNP
from	IN
George	NNP
Williams	NNP
College	NNP
.	.
M.S.	NNP
in	IN
counseling	NN
and	CC
human	JJ
systems	NNS
from	IN
Florida	NNP
State	NNP
University	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Nationally	RB
Certified	VBN
Counselor	NNP
,	,
and	CC
also	RB
holds	VBZ
a	DT
B.S.	NNP
in	IN
computer	NN
science	NN
from	IN
Cornell	NNP
University	NNP
.	.
Makela	NNP
has	VBZ
seven	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
experience	NN
working	VBG
in	IN
career	NN
development	NN
in	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
,	,
serving	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
counselor	NN
,	,
instructor	NN
,	,
mentor	NN
,	,
consultant	NN
,	,
and	CC
researcher	NN
.	.
She	PRP
discovers	VBZ
unique	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
blend	VB
theory	NN
and	CC
practice	NN
,	,
empowering	VBG
student	NN
development	NN
practitioners	NNS
to	TO
embed	VB
their	PRP$
expertise	NN
into	IN
novel	JJ
technology	NN
and	CC
student	NN
engagement	NN
strategies	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
passion	NN
for	IN
enhancing	VBG
student	NN
affairs	NNS
programs	NNS
that	WDT
encourage	VBP
holistic	JJ
student	NN
development	NN
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
currently	RB
pursing	VBG
a	DT
Ph.D.	NNP
in	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
administration	NN
with	IN
a	DT
specialization	NN
in	IN
evaluation	NN
research	NN
methodologies	NNS
.	.
Disabled	JJ
workers	NNS
have	VBP
long	RB
been	VBN
an	DT
untapped	JJ
source	NN
of	IN
talent	NN
,	,
and	CC
are	VBP
expected	VBN
to	TO
play	VB
an	DT
increasingly	RB
vital	JJ
role	NN
in	IN
the	DT
work	NN
force	NN
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
as	IN
older	JJR
workers	NNS
retire	VBP
and	CC
the	DT
labor	NN
pool	NN
shrinks	VBZ
.	.
And	CC
many	JJ
employers	NNS
want	VBP
to	TO
include	VB
disabled	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
diversity	NN
hiring	VBG
plans	NNS
.	.
Allen	NNP
R.	NNP
Vaala	NNP
and	CC
M.	NNP
Lynne	NNP
Morley	NNP
,	,
director	NN
and	CC
assistant	JJ
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
NTID	NNP
Center	NNP
on	IN
Employment	NNP
,	,
will	MD
present	VB
model	NN
strategies	NNS
that	WDT
career	NN
services	NNS
offices	NNS
and	CC
employers	NNS
can	MD
use	VB
to	TO
facilitate	VB
successful	JJ
work	NN
relationships	NNS
.	.
Both	DT
presenters	NNS
work	VBP
with	IN
deaf	JJ
students	NNS
at	IN
Rochester	NNP
Institute	NNP
of	IN
Technology	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
RIT	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
enrolled	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Technical	NNP
Institute	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NTID	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
with	IN
employers	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
seeking	VBG
to	TO
bring	VB
talented	JJ
deaf	JJ
individuals	NNS
into	IN
their	PRP$
work	NN
environment	NN
.	.
Employment	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
joined	VBD
RIT	NNP
29	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
first	RB
as	IN
a	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
in	IN
the	DT
business	NN
area	NN
and	CC
later	RB
as	IN
an	DT
employment	NN
adviser	NN
.	.
She	PRP
works	VBZ
with	IN
deaf	JJ
students	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
looking	VBG
for	IN
co-op	NN
and	CC
permanent	JJ
jobs	NNS
and	CC
with	IN
employers	NNS
.	.
Allen	NNP
R.	NNP
Vaala	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
NTID	NNP
Center	NNP
on	IN
Employment	NNP
,	,
a	DT
position	NN
he	PRP
has	VBZ
held	VBN
for	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
.	.
The	DT
NTID	NNP
Center	NNP
on	IN
Employment	NNP
works	VBZ
with	IN
the	DT
1,200	CD
deaf	JJ
and	CC
hard-of-hearing	JJ
students	NNS
at	IN
NTID	NNP
to	TO
prepare	VB
them	PRP
for	IN
obtaining	VBG
both	DT
co-op	NN
and	CC
permanent	JJ
jobs	NNS
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
resume	VB
and	CC
interview	VB
preparation	NN
and	CC
job	NN
search	NN
skills	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Center	NNP
on	IN
Employment	NNP
also	RB
has	VBZ
an	DT
extensive	JJ
employer	NN
outreach	NN
program	NN
including	VBG
a	DT
job	NN
fair	JJ
,	,
workshops	NNS
,	,
and	CC
seminars	NNS
on	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
better	RB
integrate	VB
deaf	JJ
and	CC
hard-of-hearing	JJ
employees	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
work	NN
force	NN
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
offers	VBZ
recruiting	NN
support	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
virtual	JJ
seminar	NN
,	,
request	NN
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
audio	JJ
archive	NN
of	IN
the	DT
session	NN
.	.
Catch	VB
up	RP
on	IN
diversity	NN
initiatives	NNS
,	,
legal	JJ
issues	NNS
in	IN
internships	NNS
,	,
the	DT
latest	JJS
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
forecast	NN
,	,
benchmarks	NNS
in	IN
experiential	JJ
education	NN
,	,
and	CC
much	RB
more	RBR
.	.
We	PRP
've	VBP
archived	VBN
materials	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
virtual	JJ
education	NN
sessions	NNS
.	.
Once	RB
registration	NN
for	IN
the	DT
live	JJ
audio\/web	NN
conference	NN
is	VBZ
complete	JJ
and	CC
payment	NN
is	VBZ
received	VBN
,	,
NACE	NNP
will	MD
send	VB
you	PRP
confirmation	NN
via	IN
e-mail	NN
.	.
The	DT
confirmation	NN
will	MD
include	VB
telephone	NN
instructions	NNS
and	CC
instructions	NNS
for	IN
accessing	VBG
the	DT
PowerPoint	NNP
presentation	NN
.	.
Why	WRB
do	VBP
drug	NN
dealers	NNS
still	RB
live	VBP
with	IN
their	PRP$
mothers	NNS
?	.
How	WRB
are	VBP
sumo	JJ
wrestlers	NNS
and	CC
school	NN
teachers	NNS
alike	RB
?	.
Where	WRB
is	VBZ
your	PRP$
child	NN
safer	JJR
:	:
At	IN
the	DT
home	NN
of	IN
a	DT
friend	NN
whose	WP$
family	NN
owns	VBZ
a	DT
gun	NN
or	CC
with	IN
a	DT
friend	NN
whose	WP$
family	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
swimming	NN
pool	NN
?	.
Steven	NNP
D.	NNP
Levitt	NNP
,	,
bestselling	VBG
author	NN
of	IN
Freakonomics	NNS
,	,
looks	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
story	NN
that	IN
no	DT
one	NN
else	RB
has	VBZ
found	VBN
,	,
using	VBG
simple	JJ
questions	NNS
to	TO
reach	VB
sometimes	RB
startling	JJ
conclusions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Wall	NNP
Street	NNP
Journal	NNP
said	VBD
that	IN
if	IN
Indiana	NNP
Jones	NNP
were	VBD
an	DT
economist	NN
,	,
he	PRP
'd	MD
be	VB
Steven	NNP
Levitt	NNP
,	,
who	WP
has	VBZ
shown	VBN
other	JJ
economists	NNS
just	RB
how	WRB
well	RB
their	PRP$
tools	NNS
can	MD
make	VB
sense	NN
of	IN
the	DT
real	JJ
world	NN
.	.
A	DT
37-year-old	JJ
self-effacing	JJ
midwestern	JJ
father	NN
of	IN
four	CD
,	,
Levitt	NNP
has	VBZ
an	DT
enormous	JJ
curiosity	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
set	VBN
on	IN
course	NN
by	IN
personal	JJ
experiences	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
incongruities	NNS
he	PRP
sees	VBZ
in	IN
everyday	JJ
life	NN
.	.
He	PRP
is	VBZ
an	DT
intuitionist	NN
.	.
He	PRP
sifts	VBZ
through	IN
a	DT
data	NN
to	TO
find	VB
the	DT
surprising	JJ
story	NN
and	CC
devises	VBZ
ways	NNS
to	TO
measure	VB
an	DT
effect	NN
that	WDT
veteran	JJ
economists	NNS
have	VBP
declared	VBN
unmeasurable	JJ
.	.
Brooke	NNP
earned	VBD
her	PRP$
place	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Forbes	NNP
list	NN
through	IN
a	DT
distinguished	JJ
career	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
and	CC
private	JJ
service	NN
.	.
Brooke	NNP
is	VBZ
global	JJ
vice	NN
chairman	NN
for	IN
Ernst	NNP
&	CC
Young	NNP
,	,
where	WRB
her	PRP$
job	NN
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
developing	VBG
the	DT
firm	NN
's	POS
strategic	JJ
direction	NN
and	CC
shaping	VBG
its	PRP$
position	NN
on	IN
public	JJ
policy	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
in	IN
charge	NN
of	IN
strategy	NN
,	,
communications	NNS
,	,
and	CC
regulatory	JJ
affairs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
has	VBZ
taken	VBN
part	NN
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
policy	NN
debate	NN
about	IN
the	DT
controversies	NNS
the	DT
accounting	NN
profession	NN
has	VBZ
faced	VBN
over	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
few	JJ
years	NNS
.	.
Brooke	NNP
also	RB
served	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Treasury	NNP
Department	NNP
under	IN
the	DT
administration	NN
of	IN
President	NNP
Bill	NNP
Clinton	NNP
and	CC
currently	RB
serves	VBZ
on	IN
several	JJ
nonprofit	JJ
boards	NNS
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
keynote	NN
speaker	NN
,	,
she	PRP
pairs	NNS
laser-sharp	JJ
insight	NN
with	IN
a	DT
global	JJ
perspective	NN
.	.
His	PRP$
role	NN
on	IN
this	DT
television	NN
drama	NN
as	IN
a	DT
humane	JJ
spiritual	JJ
figure	NN
in	IN
the	DT
desperate	JJ
and	CC
inhumane	JJ
world	NN
of	IN
a	DT
maximum	JJ
security	NN
prison	NN
provided	VBD
the	DT
actor	NN
with	IN
a	DT
stimulating	VBG
platform	NN
for	IN
his	PRP$
diverse	JJ
talent	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
tremendous	JJ
exposure	NN
and	CC
popularity	NN
.	.
Substitute	NNP
II	NNP
.	.
But	CC
moviegoers	NNS
will	MD
undoubtedly	RB
remember	VB
him	PRP
most	RBS
from	IN
his	PRP$
surprising	JJ
work	NN
in	IN
four	CD
popular	JJ
films	NNS
as	IN
three	CD
extremely	RB
different	JJ
men	NNS
:	:
the	DT
outrageous	JJ
wedding	NN
coordinator	NN
's	POS
assistant	NN
,	,
Howard	NNP
Weinstein	NNP
,	,
opposite	JJ
Martin	NNP
Short	NNP
in	IN
Father	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Bride	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
parts	NNS
I	PRP
and	CC
II	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
the	DT
quiet	JJ
,	,
intense	JJ
and	CC
ambitious	JJ
Tibetan	JJ
foreign	JJ
minister	NN
Ngawang	NNP
Jigme	NNP
,	,
opposite	JJ
Brad	NNP
Pitt	NNP
in	IN
Seven	NNP
Years	NNS
in	IN
Tibet	NNP
,	,
and	CC
as	IN
the	DT
voice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
powerful	JJ
and	CC
heroic	JJ
Captain	NNP
Li	NNP
Shang	NNP
in	IN
Disney	NNP
's	POS
animated	JJ
blockbuster	NN
,	,
Mulan	NNP
.	.
This	DT
alternate	JJ
career	NN
has	VBZ
brought	VBN
the	DT
actor	NN
a	DT
great	JJ
sense	NN
of	IN
satisfaction	NN
;	:
a	DT
self-described	JJ
``	``
ham	NN
,	,
''	''
he	PRP
enjoys	VBZ
infusing	VBG
his	PRP$
remarks	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
the	DT
subsequent	JJ
answering	NN
of	IN
questions	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
with	IN
humor	NN
and	CC
dramatic	JJ
readings	NNS
.	.
Visit	VB
the	DT
home	NN
offices	NNS
of	IN
some	DT
New	NNP
York	NNP
City	NNP
companies	NNS
.	.
All	DT
groups	NNS
will	MD
depart	VB
at	IN
12:15	CD
p.m.	RB
promptly	RB
on	IN
Wednesday	NNP
May	NNP
30	CD
,	,
2007	CD
from	IN
the	DT
lower	JJR
lobby	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Marriott	NNP
Marquis	NNP
and	CC
will	MD
return	VB
about	RB
4	CD
p.m.	NN
There	EX
will	MD
also	RB
be	VB
concurrent	JJ
sessions	NNS
offered	VBN
during	IN
this	DT
time	NN
slot	NN
.	.
Registration	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
and	CC
seats	NNS
are	VBP
limited	VBN
.	.
Site	NN
visits	NNS
are	VBP
open	JJ
to	TO
registered	VBN
NACE	NNP
conference	NN
attendees	NNS
and	CC
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
NACE	NNP
professionals	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
unique	JJ
look	NN
inside	IN
a	DT
diverse	JJ
group	NN
of	IN
leading	VBG
employers	NNS
.	.
Any	DT
conference	NN
attendee	NN
interested	JJ
in	IN
learning	VBG
more	RBR
about	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
culture	NN
,	,
career	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
facilities	NNS
is	VBZ
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
attend	VB
.	.
Our	PRP$
New	NNP
York	NNP
City	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NYC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
location	NN
presents	VBZ
an	DT
unprecedented	JJ
opportunity	NN
at	IN
the	DT
annual	JJ
conference	NN
for	IN
NACE	NNP
conference	NN
attendees	NNS
to	TO
have	VB
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
reach	VB
out	RP
beyond	IN
the	DT
conference	NN
site	NN
and	CC
explore	VB
various	JJ
profit	NN
and	CC
nonprofit	JJ
employers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
heart	NN
of	IN
New	NNP
York	NNP
City	NNP
.	.
Most	JJS
jobs	NNS
and	CC
organizations	NNS
are	VBP
different	JJ
than	IN
what	WP
you	PRP
can	MD
learn	VB
from	IN
web	NN
sites	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
publications	NNS
.	.
The	DT
site	NN
visits	NNS
present	VBP
a	DT
unique	JJ
opportunity	NN
to	TO
gain	VB
a	DT
``	``
real	JJ
life	NN
''	''
view	NN
of	IN
corporate	JJ
culture	NN
,	,
find	VB
out	RP
about	IN
career	NN
opportunities	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
to	TO
students	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
and	CC
benchmark	NN
with	IN
others	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
field	NN
or	CC
industry	NN
.	.
Groups	NNS
will	MD
meet	VB
in	IN
the	DT
lower	JJR
lobby	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Marriott	NNP
Marquis	NNP
.	.
Each	DT
site	NN
visit	NN
will	MD
be	VB
led	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
experienced	JJ
guide	NN
,	,
dressed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
distinctive	JJ
red	JJ
NACE	NNP
shirt	NN
,	,
who	WP
will	MD
accompany	VB
participants	NNS
to	TO
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
locations	NNS
.	.
Because	IN
the	DT
city	NN
is	VBZ
at	IN
the	DT
crossroads	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
world	NN
,	,
visitors	NNS
can	MD
choose	VB
from	IN
nearly	RB
unlimited	JJ
travel	NN
options	NNS
,	,
with	IN
three	CD
major	JJ
airports	NNS
handling	VBG
more	JJR
daily	JJ
flights	NNS
than	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
city	NN
and	CC
countless	JJ
rail	NN
,	,
bus	NN
,	,
ferry	NN
,	,
and	CC
driving	VBG
options	NNS
.	.
What	WP
should	MD
you	PRP
donate	VB
?	.
Among	IN
the	DT
sought-after	JJ
items	NNS
at	IN
last	JJ
year	NN
's	POS
auction	NN
were	VBD
a	DT
laptop	JJ
computer	NN
,	,
hotel	NN
stays	NNS
,	,
and	CC
original	JJ
artwork	NN
.	.
Tickets	NNS
to	TO
an	DT
event	NN
,	,
sports	NNS
memorabilia	NNS
,	,
a	DT
company	NN
product	NN
are	VBP
appropriate	JJ
.	.
All	DT
donations	NNS
must	MD
have	VB
a	DT
minimum	JJ
value	NN
of	IN
$	$
100	CD
.	.
Donors	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
listed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Silent	NNP
Auction	NNP
web	NN
page	NN
on	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
National	NNP
Meeting	VBG
web	NN
site	NN
through	IN
July	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2007	CD
;	:
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
recognized	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
Silent	NNP
Auction	NNP
.	.
NACE	NNP
will	MD
photograph	NN
your	PRP$
donation	NN
for	IN
posting	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
web	NN
site	NN
and	CC
on	IN
the	DT
bid	NN
boards	NNS
on-site	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Meeting	VBG
;	:
however	RB
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
prefer	VBP
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
welcome	JJ
to	TO
send	VB
up	RP
to	TO
three	CD
photographs	NNS
to	TO
represent	VB
your	PRP$
donation	NN
.	.
Foundation	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
foster	VB
leading-edge	JJ
research	NN
and	CC
educational	JJ
resources	NNS
that	WDT
facilitate	VBP
the	DT
employment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
college	NN
educated	VBN
.	.
To	TO
that	DT
end	NN
,	,
the	DT
Foundation	NNP
has	VBZ
earned	VBN
a	DT
notable	JJ
reputation	NN
for	IN
publishing	NN
specialized	VBN
research	NN
in	IN
these	DT
areas	NNS
and	CC
for	IN
fostering	VBG
educational	JJ
training	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
college	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
,	,
human	JJ
resources	NNS
professionals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
graduating	VBG
college	NN
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
National	NNP
Meeting	VBG
will	MD
be	VB
paperless	JJ
in	IN
2007	CD
!	.
Concurrent	JJ
session	NN
PowerPoint	NNP
presentations	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
accessible	JJ
online	NN
before	IN
the	DT
conference	NN
so	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
review	VB
and	CC
download	VB
the	DT
sessions	NNS
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
attend	VB
in	IN
advance	NN
or	CC
pick	VB
up	RP
information	NN
on	IN
sessions	NNS
you	PRP
are	VBP
unable	JJ
to	TO
attend	VB
!	.
Handouts	NNS
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
distributed	VBN
at	IN
concurrent	JJ
sessions	NNS
.	.
Approximately	RB
two	CD
weeks	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
conference	NN
,	,
each	DT
full-conference	NN
registrant	NN
will	MD
receive	VB
information	NN
via	IN
e-mail	NN
about	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
access	VB
a	DT
special	JJ
area	NN
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Meeting	VBG
web	NN
site	NN
where	WRB
presentations	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
in	IN
PDF	NNP
format	NN
.	.
Review	NNP
the	DT
sessions	NNS
,	,
print	VBP
the	DT
presentations	NNS
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
attend	VB
,	,
and	CC
take	VB
them	PRP
with	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
Following	VBG
the	DT
opening	NN
remarks	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
'll	MD
be	VB
tapping	VBG
your	PRP$
feet	NNS
and	CC
humming	VBG
along	IN
to	TO
the	DT
memorable	JJ
songs	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
biggest	JJS
Broadway	NNP
musicals	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
century	NN
.	.
Featuring	VBG
the	DT
stars	NNS
of	IN
The	DT
Phantom	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Opera	NNP
,	,
Les	NNP
Miserables	NNP
,	,
Cats	NNP
,	,
Jesus	NNP
Christ	NNP
Superstar	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Jekyll	NNP
and	CC
Hyde	NNP
and	CC
supported	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
all	DT
star	NN
New	NNP
York	NNP
band	NN
,	,
``	``
100	CD
Years	NNS
of	IN
Broadway	NNP
''	''
recreates	VBZ
the	DT
biggest	JJS
moments	NNS
and	CC
most	RBS
popular	JJ
songs	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
hit	NN
shows	VBZ
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
hear	VB
brilliantly	RB
revived	VBN
arrangements	NNS
of	IN
Broadway	NNP
classics	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
fantastic	JJ
numbers	NNS
from	IN
Broadway	NNP
's	POS
newest	JJS
hit	NN
shows	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
hereby	VBP
apply	VB
for	IN
membership	NN
in	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
covering	VBG
the	DT
12-month	JJ
period	NN
commencing	VBG
the	DT
month	NN
after	IN
this	DT
application	NN
is	VBZ
received	VBN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
understand	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
membership	NN
dues	NNS
for	IN
this	DT
12-month	JJ
period	NN
are	VBP
$	$
390	CD
for	IN
director-level	JJ
membership	NN
.	.
This	DT
information	NN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
to	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
demographic	JJ
mix	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
membership	NN
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
only	RB
for	IN
statistical	JJ
reporting	NN
purposes	NNS
.	.
Whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
you	PRP
choose	VB
to	TO
complete	VB
this	DT
section	NN
will	MD
have	VB
absolutely	RB
no	DT
bearing	NN
on	IN
your	PRP$
membership	NN
status	NN
.	.
Membership	NN
is	VBZ
institutional	JJ
and	CC
available	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
at	IN
an	DT
educational	JJ
institution	NN
granting	VBG
associate	NN
,	,
baccalaureate	NN
,	,
or	CC
higher	JJR
degrees	NNS
that	WDT
has	VBZ
been	VBN
accredited	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
official	JJ
accrediting	NN
association	NN
.	.
The	DT
primary	JJ
contact	NN
for	IN
the	DT
membership	NN
is	VBZ
typically	RB
the	DT
individual	JJ
whose	WP$
primary	JJ
responsibility	NN
is	VBZ
career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Explore	VB
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
expanding	VBG
membership	NN
by	IN
reviewing	VBG
previous	JJ
research	NN
on	IN
two	CD
member	NN
categories	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
community	NN
colleges	NNS
and	CC
small	JJ
-	:
to	TO
medium-size	JJ
employers	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
identifying	VBG
strategies	NNS
for	IN
marketing	NN
NACE	NNP
to	TO
prospective	JJ
members	NNS
from	IN
these	DT
groups	NNS
.	.
Become	VB
knowledgeable	JJ
about	IN
recent	JJ
membership	NN
decisions	NNS
and	CC
categories	NNS
of	IN
membership	NN
;	:
identify	VB
implications	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
changes	NNS
and	CC
provide	VB
feedback	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
membership	NN
model	NN
;	:
serve	VB
as	IN
advocates	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
membership	NN
model	NN
and	CC
potential	JJ
opportunities	NNS
to	TO
expand	VB
membership	NN
.	.
Plan	NN
and	CC
identify	VB
format	NN
and	CC
speakers	NNS
for	IN
an	DT
interactive	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
engage	VB
members	NNS
in	IN
this	DT
discussion	NN
using	VBG
available	JJ
NACE	NNP
programs	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
quick	JJ
pulse	NN
surveys	NNS
,	,
virtual	JJ
seminars	NNS
,	,
annual	JJ
meeting	NN
workshop	NN
.	.
Review	NNP
existing	VBG
bylaws	NNS
and	CC
identify	VB
changes	NNS
needed	VBN
based	VBN
on	IN
new	JJ
actions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
and	CC
items	NNS
that	WDT
might	MD
be	VB
changed	VBN
to	TO
clarify\/streamline	VB
the	DT
bylaws	NNS
;	:
prepare	VB
changes	NNS
for	IN
board	NN
decision	NN
by	IN
the	DT
January	NNP
2007	CD
Board	NNP
meeting	NN
or	CC
sooner	RB
.	.
General	NNP
Information	NNP
About	IN
Committee	NNP
Membership	NN
:	:
Committee	NNP
members	NNS
are	VBP
appointed	VBN
for	IN
one-year	JJ
terms	NNS
commencing	VBG
July	NNP
1	CD
.	.
Committee	NNP
members	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
re-appointed	VBN
for	IN
successive	JJ
terms	NNS
.	.
Committee	NNP
appointments	NNS
are	VBP
made	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
president-elect	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
various	JJ
teams	NNS
and	CC
task	NN
forces	NNS
are	VBP
established	VBN
to	TO
complete	VB
a	DT
specific	JJ
,	,
focused	VBD
,	,
results-oriented	JJ
charge	NN
within	IN
a	DT
short	JJ
time	NN
frame	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
matter	NN
of	IN
belief	NN
in	IN
diversity	NN
,	,
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
discriminate	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
race	NN
,	,
gender	NN
,	,
color	NN
,	,
national	JJ
origin	NN
,	,
religion	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
disability	NN
,	,
or	CC
sexual	JJ
orientation	NN
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
NACE	NNP
strives	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
its	PRP$
elected	VBN
Board	NNP
and	CC
officers	NNS
themselves	PRP
reflect	VBP
the	DT
rich	JJ
diversity	NN
within	IN
the	DT
profession	NN
.	.
Employers	NNS
in	IN
its	PRP$
effort	NN
to	TO
identify	VB
the	DT
diversity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
applicant	NN
pool	NN
for	IN
committees\/task	JJ
force	NN
positions	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
supply	VB
us	PRP
with	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
information	NN
:	:
Submission	NN
of	IN
this	DT
form	NN
is	VBZ
optional	JJ
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
choose	VBP
not	RB
to	TO
complete	VB
the	DT
form	NN
,	,
it	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
have	VB
any	DT
impact	NN
on	IN
your	PRP$
nomination	NN
.	.
Members	NNS
also	RB
have	VBP
the	DT
option	NN
to	TO
purchase	VB
special	JJ
reports	NNS
.	.
Regional	NNP
reports	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
in	IN
July	NNP
and	CC
September	NNP
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
special	JJ
reports	NNS
let	VB
you	PRP
customize	VB
critical	JJ
information	NN
by	IN
location	NN
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
or	CC
by	IN
job	NN
location	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
city	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Eligibility	NN
Requirements	NNS
:	:
Retired	VBN
professional	JJ
membership	NN
may	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
to	TO
any	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
retired	VBN
and	CC
is	VBZ
no	RB
longer	RB
working	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
or	CC
human	JJ
resources	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
staffing	NN
,	,
or	CC
recruiting\/hiring	VBG
field	NN
and	CC
who	WP
would	MD
not	RB
otherwise	RB
qualify	VB
for	IN
another	DT
membership	NN
category	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
Center	NNP
directors	NNS
at	IN
NACE	NNP
member	NN
schools	NNS
asked	VBD
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
Committee	NNP
to	TO
consider	VB
the	DT
implications	NNS
of	IN
servinc	JJ
alcohol	NN
during	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
process	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
case	NN
,	,
an	DT
employer	NN
employer	NN
decided	VBD
to	TO
skip	VB
hosting	VBG
the	DT
traditional	JJ
on-campus	JJ
company	NN
information	NN
session	NN
.	.
Instead	RB
,	,
recruiters	NNS
invited	VBN
students	NNS
who	WP
were	VBD
prospective	JJ
job	NN
candidates	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
with	IN
them	PRP
at	IN
an	DT
off-campus	JJ
bar	NN
where	WRB
students	NNS
were	VBD
treated	VBN
to	TO
beer	NN
and	CC
mixed	JJ
alcoholic	JJ
drinks	NNS
.	.
The	DT
recruiters	NNS
asked	VBD
career	NN
services	NNS
staff	NN
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
students	NNS
knew	VBD
about	IN
the	DT
change	NN
in	IN
plans	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
preamble	NN
to	TO
The	DT
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
,	,
employers	NNS
and	CC
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
``	``
Maintain	VB
a	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
fair	JJ
and	CC
equitable	JJ
to	TO
candidates	NNS
and	CC
employing	VBG
organizations	NNS
.	.
''	''
Further	RB
,	,
if	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
chooses	VBZ
to	TO
serve	VB
alcoholic	JJ
drinks	NNS
,	,
the	DT
ethics	NNS
document	NN
recommends	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
be	VB
limited	VBN
and	CC
handled	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
law	NN
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
college	NN
's	POS
policies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
with	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
's	POS
policies	NNS
.	.
The	DT
committee	NN
concluded	VBD
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
wrong	JJ
to	TO
require	VB
students	NNS
,	,
either	CC
implicitly	RB
or	CC
explicitly	RB
,	,
to	TO
attend	VB
a	DT
social	JJ
event	NN
where	WRB
alcohol	NN
is	VBZ
served	VBN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
obtain	VB
company	NN
information	NN
or	CC
to	TO
be	VB
considered	VBN
for	IN
an	DT
interview	NN
.	.
A	DT
company	NN
that	WDT
requires	VBZ
a	DT
job	NN
candidate	NN
to	TO
endure	VB
a	DT
situation	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
nothing	NN
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
the	DT
actual	JJ
position	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
interested	JJ
in	IN
goes	VBZ
against	IN
the	DT
principle	NN
of	IN
``	``
a	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
fair	JJ
and	CC
equitable	JJ
to	TO
candidates	NNS
.	.
''	''
Employer	NN
committee	NN
members	NNS
cited	VBD
several	JJ
examples	NNS
of	IN
student	NN
recruitment	NN
activities	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
been	VBN
successful	JJ
for	IN
their	PRP$
organizations	NNS
.	.
One	CD
employer	NN
said	VBD
that	IN
she	PRP
invites	VBZ
students	NNS
to	TO
sporting	VBG
events	NNS
or	CC
holds	VBZ
intramural-type	JJ
sporting	VBG
events	NNS
for	IN
potential	JJ
hires	NNS
.	.
Another	DT
described	VBN
casual	JJ
receptions	NNS
that	WDT
allow	VBP
candidates	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
company	NN
employees	NNS
are	VBP
popular	JJ
with	IN
students	NNS
.	.
Employers	NNS
who	WP
choose	VBP
to	TO
serve	VB
alcoholic	JJ
beverages	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
job-search	JJ
reception	NN
should	MD
make	VB
sure	JJ
that	IN
serving	VBG
liquor	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
violate	VB
school	NN
policy	NN
.	.
Employers	NNS
also	RB
should	MD
remember	VB
that	IN
many	JJ
college	NN
students	NNS
are	VBP
below	IN
the	DT
drinking	NN
age	NN
in	IN
most	JJS
states	NNS
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
purchasing	VBG
drinks	NNS
for	IN
those	DT
students	NNS
could	MD
be	VB
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
state	NN
's	POS
criminal	JJ
laws	NNS
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
is	VBZ
using	VBG
the	DT
reception	NN
to	TO
test	VB
a	DT
job	NN
candidate	NN
's	POS
ability	NN
to	TO
handle	VB
alcoholic	JJ
beverages	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
work-related	JJ
function	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
social	JJ
skills	NNS
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
should	MD
check	VB
with	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
legal	JJ
counsel	NN
about	IN
any	DT
discriminatory	JJ
impact	NN
such	JJ
selection	NN
criteria	NNS
might	MD
have	VB
and	CC
whether	IN
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
drink	VB
alcohol	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
job-related	JJ
criterion	NN
.	.
The	DT
Principles	NNPS
Committee	NNP
noted	VBD
that	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
staff	NN
should	MD
advise	VB
students	NNS
that	IN
some	DT
employers	NNS
may	MD
provide	VB
alcohol	NN
at	IN
social	JJ
events	NNS
to	TO
determine	VB
how	WRB
well	RB
students	NNS
can	MD
handle	VB
the	DT
situation	NN
.	.
A	DT
student	NN
should	MD
be	VB
told	VBN
to	TO
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
acceptable	JJ
to	TO
order	VB
a	DT
soft	JJ
drink	NN
instead	RB
.	.
Students	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
drink	VB
should	MD
be	VB
advised	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
reception	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
professional	JJ
function	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
they	PRP
should	MD
not	RB
treat	VB
it	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
party	NN
.	.
The	DT
committee	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
believe	VB
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
an	DT
ethical	JJ
problem	NN
with	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
publicizing	VBG
such	JJ
an	DT
event	NN
.	.
The	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
staff	NN
should	MD
ask	VB
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
legal	JJ
counsel	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
if	IN
the	DT
school	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
policy	NN
against	IN
advertising	NN
off-campus	JJ
events	NNS
that	WDT
include	VBP
alcoholic	JJ
beverages	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
practical	JJ
matter	NN
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
hosting	VBG
a	DT
reception	NN
should	MD
create	VB
the	DT
advertisement	NN
or	CC
poster	NN
publicizing	VBG
this	DT
event	NN
.	.
The	DT
information	NN
should	MD
include	VB
the	DT
name	NN
of	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
's	POS
representative	NN
who	WP
will	MD
provide	VB
students	NNS
with	IN
details	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
event	NN
;	:
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
named	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
contact	NN
.	.
The	DT
following	JJ
letter	NN
was	VBD
written	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
Committee	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
by	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
to	TO
notify	VB
employers	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
college	NN
or	CC
university	NN
career	NN
center	NN
endorses	VBZ
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
document	NN
and	CC
requires	VBZ
employers	NNS
recruiting	VBG
in	IN
their	PRP$
career	NN
centers	NNS
to	TO
abide	VB
by	IN
the	DT
no-alcohol	JJ
policy	NN
.	.
The	DT
categories	NNS
for	IN
Directors	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
developed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Leadership	NNP
Strategy	NNP
and	CC
Sourcing	NNP
Committee	NNP
.	.
There	EX
should	MD
be	VB
an	DT
equal	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
employer\/college	NN
Directors	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Leadership	NNP
Strategy	NNP
and	CC
Sourcing	NNP
Committee	NNP
shall	MD
create	VB
the	DT
ballot	NN
with	IN
this	DT
in	IN
mind	NN
,	,
recognizing	VBG
that	IN
a	DT
ballot	NN
may	MD
alternate	JJ
from	IN
year	NN
to	TO
year	NN
in	IN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
college	NN
or	CC
employer	NN
Director	NNP
positions	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
create	VB
the	DT
employer\/college	NN
balance	NN
.	.
Section	NN
1	CD
.	.
The	DT
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
shall	MD
be	VB
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
at	IN
a	DT
salary	NN
fixed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Committee	NNP
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
directly	RB
responsible	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
President	NNP
,	,
and	CC
shall	MD
serve	VB
as	IN
Secretary-Treasurer	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Corporation	NNP
.	.
Section	NN
2	CD
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
powers	NNS
and	CC
duties	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Secretary-Treasurer	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
shall	MD
manage	VB
and	CC
direct	VB
all	DT
activities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
,	,
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
policies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
through	IN
the	DT
office	NN
of	IN
the	DT
President	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
shall	MD
employ	VB
and	CC
may	MD
terminate	VB
the	DT
employment	NN
of	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
staff	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
carry	VB
on	IN
the	DT
work	NN
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
and	CC
fix	VB
their	PRP$
compensation	NN
within	IN
the	DT
approved	VBN
budget	NN
.	.
The	DT
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
shall	MD
define	VB
the	DT
duties	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
staff	NN
,	,
supervise	VB
their	PRP$
performance	NN
,	,
establish	VB
their	PRP$
titles	NNS
,	,
and	CC
delegate	VB
the	DT
responsibilities	NNS
of	IN
management	NN
as	IN
shall	MD
be	VB
in	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
interest	NN
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
.	.
Section	NN
3	CD
.	.
The	DT
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
shall	MD
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
nonvoting	JJ
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Committee	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Finance	NNP
Committee	NNP
,	,
and	CC
as	IN
a	DT
voting	NN
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
strategic	JJ
planning	NN
process	NN
.	.
The	DT
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
also	RB
serves	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Foundation	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Trustees	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
may	MD
also	RB
be	VB
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
President	NNP
,	,
or	CC
Executive	NNP
Committee	NNP
to	TO
serve	VB
on	IN
the	DT
boards	NNS
of	IN
other	JJ
organizations	NNS
,	,
whether	IN
profit	NN
or	CC
nonprofit	JJ
,	,
to	TO
represent	VB
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
to	TO
allied	VBN
,	,
professional	JJ
,	,
or	CC
liaison	NN
organizations	NNS
.	.
Section	NN
1	CD
.	.
There	EX
shall	MD
be	VB
an	DT
annual	JJ
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
.	.
The	DT
annual	JJ
Board	NNP
meeting	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
held	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
month	NN
immediately	RB
preceding	VBG
the	DT
commencement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
,	,
or	CC
as	IN
specified	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
vote	NN
of	IN
a	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
voting	NN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
The	DT
officers-elect	NN
who	WP
are	VBP
not	RB
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
election	NN
and	CC
the	DT
Directors-elect	JJ
shall	MD
be	VB
invited	VBN
as	IN
observers	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
annual	JJ
Board	NNP
meeting	NN
immediately	RB
preceding	VBG
the	DT
taking	NN
of	IN
office	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
for	IN
an	DT
orderly	JJ
transition	NN
.	.
The	DT
act	NN
of	IN
the	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
voting	NN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
present	NN
at	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
a	DT
quorum	NN
is	VBZ
present	JJ
shall	MD
be	VB
the	DT
act	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
quorum	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
present	JJ
at	IN
any	DT
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Members	NNS
present	JJ
thereat	NN
may	MD
adjourn	VB
the	DT
meeting	NN
from	IN
time	NN
to	TO
time	NN
,	,
without	IN
notice	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
until	IN
a	DT
quorum	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
present	JJ
.	.
Any	DT
action	NN
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
may	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
without	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
if	IN
consents	NNS
in	IN
writing	VBG
setting	VBG
forth	RP
the	DT
action	NN
so	RB
taken	VBN
shall	MD
be	VB
signed	VBN
by	IN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
voting	NN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
filed	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
Secretary-Treasurer	NNP
.	.
If	IN
voting	NN
is	VBZ
accomplished	VBN
by	IN
mail	NN
or	CC
fax	NN
the	DT
consent	NN
and	CC
vote	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
signed	VBN
by	IN
each	DT
voting	VBG
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
If	IN
voting	NN
is	VBZ
accomplished	VBN
by	IN
e-mail	NN
the	DT
consent	NN
and	CC
vote	NN
will	MD
be	VB
verified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
member	NN
designating	VBG
a	DT
signature	NN
within	IN
the	DT
e-mail	NN
.	.
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNPS
:	:
charter	NN
,	,
charter	NN
associate	NN
,	,
regular	JJ
,	,
student	NN
,	,
affiliate	NN
,	,
and	CC
retired	VBN
.	.
The	DT
rights	NNS
,	,
duties	NNS
,	,
and	CC
criteria	NNS
for	IN
membership	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
as	IN
provided	VBN
in	IN
Articles	NNPS
IV	NNP
through	IN
IX	CD
of	IN
these	DT
bylaws	NNS
.	.
Nominations	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
offices	NNS
of	IN
Vice	NNP
President-Employer	NNP
and	CC
Vice	NNP
President-College	NNP
shall	MD
be	VB
drawn	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
or	CC
a	DT
previous	JJ
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
.	.
Individuals	NNS
nominated	VBD
must	MD
be	VB
employed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
or	CC
human	JJ
resources\/professional	JJ
staffing\/recruitment\/employment	NN
field	NN
and	CC
be	VB
employed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
Both	DT
college	NN
and	CC
employer	NN
members	NNS
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
elected	VBN
as	IN
President-Elect	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
except	IN
as	IN
otherwise	RB
provided	VBN
herein	RB
,	,
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
President	NNP
shall	MD
alternate	JJ
between	IN
being	VBG
held	VBN
by	IN
college	NN
and	CC
employer	NN
members	NNS
.	.
A.	NN
The	NNP
Leadership	NNP
Strategy	NNP
and	CC
Sourcing	NNP
Committee	NNP
shall	MD
call	VB
for	IN
nominations	NNS
for	IN
directors	NNS
and	CC
officers	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
membership	NN
.	.
Individuals	NNS
may	MD
self-nominate	VB
or	CC
nominate	VB
another	DT
individual	JJ
by	IN
submitting	VBG
the	DT
nomination	NN
and	CC
supporting	VBG
documentation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Leadership	NNP
Strategy	NNP
and	CC
Sourcing	NNP
Committee	NNP
within	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
time	NN
frame	NN
as	IN
specified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Leadership	NNP
Strategy	NNP
and	CC
Sourcing	NNP
Committee	NNP
.	.
B.	NNP
The	NNP
Leadership	NNP
Strategy	NNP
and	CC
Sourcing	NNP
Committee	NNP
shall	MD
develop	VB
a	DT
slate	NN
for	IN
officers	NNS
and	CC
director	NN
positions	NNS
.	.
Selected	VBN
candidates	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
broadly	RB
representative	NN
of	IN
the	DT
diversity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
profession	NN
and	CC
possess	VB
demonstrated	VBN
knowledge	NN
and	CC
expertise	NN
relevant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
profession	NN
.	.
A.	NN
Electronic	NNP
votes	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
cast	VBN
by	IN
midnight	NN
no	RB
later	RB
than	IN
30	CD
days	NNS
after	IN
the	DT
ballot	NN
is	VBZ
sent	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
that	DT
date	NN
falls	VBZ
on	IN
Saturday	NNP
or	CC
Sunday	NNP
then	RB
that	IN
following	VBG
Monday	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
the	DT
date	NN
used	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
be	VB
considered	VBN
a	DT
valid	JJ
vote	NN
.	.
Officers	NNS
and	CC
directors	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
elected	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
simple	JJ
majority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
ballots	NNS
cast	VBN
in	IN
their	PRP$
favor	NN
.	.
B.	NNP
The	NNP
election	NN
results	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
announced	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
,	,
nominees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
membership	NN
by	IN
May	NNP
1	CD
.	.
Officers-elect	NN
and	CC
directors-elect	NN
shall	MD
attend	VB
the	DT
annual	JJ
Board	NNP
meeting	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
term	NN
of	IN
office	NN
shall	MD
commence	VB
at	IN
the	DT
start	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
election	NN
results	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
minutes	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
annual	JJ
Board	NNP
meeting	NN
.	.
Fill	VB
the	DT
vacancy	NN
now	RB
created	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Office	NNP
by	IN
selecting	VBG
an	DT
individual	NN
from	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
Board	NNP
and\/or	CC
an	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
previously	RB
served	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
If	IN
an	DT
individual	NN
is	VBZ
selected	VBN
to	TO
fill	VB
the	DT
vacancy	NN
,	,
he\/she	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
from	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
constituency	NN
as	IN
that	DT
of	IN
the	DT
vacated	VBN
position	NN
.	.
The	DT
newly	RB
selected	VBN
officer	NN
would	MD
only	RB
serve	VB
until	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
scheduled	VBN
election	NN
and	CC
if	IN
not	RB
eligible	JJ
to	TO
run	VB
or	CC
elected	VBN
to	TO
that	DT
position	NN
,	,
would	MD
have	VB
to	TO
retire	VB
from	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
term	NN
he\/she	NN
had	VBD
filled	VBN
.	.
Choose	VB
to	TO
permit	VB
the	DT
vacancy	NN
to	TO
remain	VB
open	JJ
until	IN
the	DT
election	NN
would	MD
normally	RB
be	VB
held	VBN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Committee	NNP
determines	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
vacancy	NN
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
filled	VBN
,	,
the	DT
President	NNP
shall	MD
delegate	VB
the	DT
duties	NNS
and	CC
responsibilities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
vacant	JJ
position	NN
to	TO
other	JJ
officers	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Committee	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Executive	NNP
Committee	NNP
could	MD
determine	VB
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
to	TO
hold	VB
a	DT
special	JJ
election	NN
for	IN
the	DT
vacated	VBN
position	NN
.	.
If	IN
so	RB
,	,
the	DT
procedures	NNS
outlined	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Nominations	NNPS
and	CC
Elections	NNPS
Process	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
Operations	NNP
Manual	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
bylaws	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
followed	VBN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
time	NN
line	NN
will	MD
be	VB
shortened	VBN
and	CC
modified	VBN
as	RB
necessary	JJ
for	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
expediency	NN
.	.
Copying	NNP
and\/or	CC
downloading	VBG
of	IN
any	DT
of	IN
this	DT
information	NN
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
distributing	VBG
it	PRP
to	TO
others	NNS
is	VBZ
prohibited	VBN
without	IN
the	DT
specific	JJ
written	VBN
permission	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
All	DT
other	JJ
rights	NNS
are	VBP
reserved	VBN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
Any	DT
individual	JJ
making	VBG
unauthorized	JJ
copies	NNS
or	CC
downloading	VBG
any	DT
NACE	NNP
material	NN
will	MD
be	VB
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
penalties	NNS
as	IN
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
the	DT
federal	JJ
and	CC
state	NN
copyright	NN
laws	NNS
.	.
Members	NNS
may	MD
request	VB
permission	NN
to	TO
reprint	VB
these	DT
documents	NNS
by	IN
completing	VBG
a	DT
permission	NN
form	NN
.	.
The	DT
materials	NNS
on	IN
this	DT
page	NN
are	VBP
provided	VBN
to	TO
you	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
resource	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
policy	NN
and	CC
procedures	NNS
.	.
The	DT
legal	JJ
information	NN
provided	VBD
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
construed	VBN
as	IN
legal	JJ
advice	NN
for	IN
any	DT
specific	JJ
situation	NN
,	,
nor	CC
can	MD
NACE	NNP
's	POS
general	JJ
counsel	NN
provide	VBP
you	PRP
with	IN
specific	JJ
legal	JJ
advice	NN
regarding	VBG
your	PRP$
policies	NNS
,	,
procedures	NNS
,	,
or	CC
forms	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
strongly	RB
recommended	VBN
that	IN
you	PRP
seek	VBP
advice	NN
from	IN
your	PRP$
institution	NN
's	POS
legal	JJ
counsel	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
demographic	JJ
information	NN
,	,
the	DT
Online	NNP
Directory	NNP
can	MD
provide	VB
you	PRP
with	IN
the	DT
detailed	JJ
information	NN
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
connect	VB
with	IN
schools	NNS
of	IN
interest	NN
.	.
Use	NNP
the	DT
advanced	JJ
search	NN
feature	NN
,	,
and	CC
cut	VB
down	RP
on	IN
hours	NNS
of	IN
research	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
communities	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
included	VBN
information	NN
on	IN
formatting	NN
e-mail	NN
to	TO
the	DT
communities	NNS
for	IN
maximum	JJ
value	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
also	RB
prohibitions	NNS
on	IN
using	VBG
the	DT
communities	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
advertise	VB
or	CC
promote	VB
products	NNS
or	CC
services	NNS
.	.
Do	VBP
not	RB
rely	VB
on	IN
your	PRP$
messages	NNS
being	VBG
confidential	JJ
or	CC
private	JJ
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
a	DT
message	NN
is	VBZ
sent	VBN
privately	RB
,	,
to	TO
one	CD
person	NN
only	RB
.	.
Do	VBP
not	RB
send	VB
anything	NN
via	IN
the	DT
Internet	NNP
that	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
willing	JJ
to	TO
say	VB
face-to-face	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
co-worker	NN
or	CC
your	PRP$
employer	NN
.	.
While	IN
a	DT
general	JJ
discussion	NN
of	IN
professional	JJ
resources	NNS
is	VBZ
welcome	JJ
on	IN
within	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Communities	NNPS
,	,
discussion	NN
of	IN
a	DT
specific	JJ
vendor	NN
,	,
product	NN
,	,
or	CC
resource	NN
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
tolerated	VBN
.	.
NACE	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
statements	NNS
made	VBN
by	IN
subscribers	NNS
to	TO
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
Communities	NNS
as	IN
to	TO
the	DT
legitimacy	NN
of	IN
any	DT
business	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
wish	VBP
to	TO
get	VB
opinions	NNS
or	CC
recommendations	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
commercial	JJ
product	NN
,	,
please	VB
ask	VB
that	IN
all	DT
e-mail	NN
be	VB
directed	VBN
to	TO
your	PRP$
e-mail	NN
box	NN
and	CC
not	RB
to	TO
the	DT
discussion	NN
group	NN
.	.
Please	VB
share	VB
a	DT
summary	NN
of	IN
that	DT
information	NN
with	IN
colleagues	NNS
by	IN
private	JJ
e-mail	NN
only	RB
.	.
Discussions	NNS
of	IN
specific	JJ
vendors	NNS
or	CC
commercial	JJ
products	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
go	VB
through	IN
a	DT
Community	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
post	VBP
a	DT
question	NN
of	IN
interest	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
colleagues	NNS
,	,
please	VB
collect	VB
the	DT
answers	NNS
and	CC
send	VB
a	DT
summary	NN
of	IN
responses	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
list	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
summary	NN
should	MD
include	VB
one	CD
copy	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
original	JJ
question	NN
and	CC
excerpts	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
responses	NNS
you	PRP
receive	VBP
.	.
Include	NNP
the	DT
e-mail	NN
addresses	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
people	NNS
who	WP
answer	VB
your	PRP$
question	NN
.	.
If	IN
information	NN
comes	VBZ
from	IN
a	DT
book	NN
,	,
a	DT
newsletter	NN
,	,
a	DT
magazine	NN
,	,
a	DT
web	NN
site	NN
,	,
a	DT
news	NN
group	NN
,	,
another	DT
e-mail	NN
discussion	NN
group	NN
,	,
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
publication	NN
,	,
the	DT
material	NN
may	MD
be	VB
copyrighted	VBN
.	.
Any	DT
copying	NN
and\/or	CC
downloading	VBG
of	IN
copyrighted	VBN
material	NN
to	TO
a	DT
NACE	NNP
Community	NNP
must	MD
be	VB
with	IN
express	JJ
written	VBN
permission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
person	NN
or	CC
organization	NN
that	WDT
owns	VBZ
the	DT
copyright	NN
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
copying	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
materials	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
any	DT
questions	NNS
,	,
contact	NN
Claudia	NNP
Allen	NNP
,	,
NACE	NNP
permissions	VBZ
editor	NN
.	.
Community	NNP
members	NNS
should	MD
indicate	VB
in	IN
their	PRP$
discussions	NNS
whether	IN
they	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
hear	VB
from	IN
vendors	NNS
or	CC
suppliers	NNS
.	.
Vendors	NNS
should	MD
reply	VB
to	TO
postings	NNS
only	RB
to	TO
forward	RB
the	DT
discussion	NN
or	CC
to	TO
add	VB
information	NN
or	CC
ideas	NNS
.	.
Include	NNP
a	DT
subject	NN
in	IN
the	DT
``	``
subject	JJ
line	NN
''	''
of	IN
your	PRP$
message	NN
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
help	VB
other	JJ
Community	NNP
members	NNS
choose	VBP
among	IN
the	DT
messages	NNS
to	TO
read	VB
and	CC
respond	VB
to	TO
,	,
and	CC
will	MD
make	VB
your	PRP$
questions\/answers\/discussion	NN
easier	JJR
to	TO
find	VB
in	IN
the	DT
archives	NNS
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
discussing	VBG
behavioral	JJ
interviewing	VBG
,	,
use	VB
the	DT
words	NNS
``	``
behavioral	JJ
interviewing	VBG
''	''
in	IN
the	DT
subject	JJ
line	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
offering	VBG
a	DT
summary	NN
of	IN
information	NN
in	IN
answer	NN
to	TO
a	DT
particular	JJ
question	NN
,	,
use	VBP
``	``
summary	NN
of	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
topic	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
''	''
to	TO
give	VB
community	NN
members	NNS
an	DT
idea	NN
of	IN
what	WP
they	PRP
will	MD
read	VB
when	WRB
they	PRP
open	VB
your	PRP$
message	NN
.	.
While	IN
you	PRP
own	VBP
the	DT
copyright	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
individual	JJ
messages	NNS
and	CC
materials	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
place	VBP
on	IN
a	DT
Community	NNP
discussion	NN
group	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
compiles	VBZ
the	DT
messages	NNS
and	CC
materials	NNS
on	IN
its	PRP$
server	NN
and	CC
owns	VBZ
the	DT
compilation	NN
of	IN
messages	NNS
and	CC
materials	NNS
.	.
An	DT
exploding	VBG
offer	NN
requires	VBZ
a	DT
student	NN
to	TO
choose	VB
a	DT
job	NN
offer	NN
within	IN
a	DT
very	RB
short	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
time	NN
or	CC
face	NN
having	VBG
the	DT
offer	NN
rescinded	VBD
.	.
The	DT
Principles	NNPS
Committee	NNP
examined	VBD
this	DT
recruiting	NN
practice	NN
and	CC
developed	VBD
the	DT
following	JJ
position	NN
paper	NN
,	,
which	WDT
was	VBD
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
.	.
Maintain	VB
an	DT
open	JJ
and	CC
free	JJ
selection	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
atmosphere	NN
conducive	JJ
to	TO
objective	JJ
thought	NN
,	,
where	WRB
job	NN
candidates	NNS
can	MD
choose	VB
optimum	JJ
long-term	JJ
uses	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
talents	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
consistent	JJ
with	IN
personal	JJ
objectives	NNS
and	CC
all	DT
relevant	JJ
facts	NNS
.	.
Employment	NNP
professionals	NNS
will	MD
refrain	VB
from	IN
any	DT
practice	NN
that	WDT
improperly	RB
influences	VBZ
and	CC
affects	VBZ
job	NN
acceptances	NNS
.	.
Such	JJ
practices	NNS
may	MD
include	VB
undue	JJ
time	NN
pressure	NN
for	IN
acceptance	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
offers	NNS
and	CC
encouragement	NN
of	IN
revocation	NN
of	IN
another	DT
employment	NN
offer	NN
.	.
Employment	NNP
professionals	NNS
will	MD
strive	VB
to	TO
communicate	VB
decisions	NNS
to	TO
candidates	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
agreed-upon	JJ
time	NN
frame	NN
.	.
They	PRP
will	MD
inform	VB
students	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
means	NNS
and	CC
resources	NNS
to	TO
gain	VB
access	NN
to	TO
information	NN
,	,
which	WDT
may	MD
influence	VB
their	PRP$
decisions	NNS
about	IN
employing	VBG
organizations	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
will	MD
also	RB
provide	VB
employing	VBG
organizations	NNS
with	IN
accurate	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
educational	JJ
institution	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
students	NNS
and	CC
about	IN
the	DT
recruitment	NN
policies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
.	.
Committee	NNP
that	IN
employers	NNS
give	VBP
students	NNS
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
three	CD
weeks	NNS
to	TO
return	VB
a	DT
decision	NN
on	IN
a	DT
job	NN
offer	NN
during	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
season	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
Committee	NNP
understand	VBP
that	IN
not	RB
all	DT
employers	NNS
recruit	VBP
during	IN
certain	JJ
times	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
year	NN
,	,
e.g.	FW
,	,
fall	VB
semester	NN
or	CC
spring	NN
semester	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
recommending	VBG
specific	JJ
calendar	NN
dates	NNS
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
appropriate	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
believes	VBZ
,	,
however	RB
,	,
that	IN
providing	VBG
time	NN
frames	NNS
on	IN
offers	NNS
and	CC
acceptances	NNS
will	MD
assist	VB
employers	NNS
in	IN
planning	VBG
their	PRP$
recruitment	NN
strategy	NN
and	CC
allow	VB
students	NNS
a	DT
sufficient	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
to	TO
evaluate	VB
the	DT
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
offered	VBD
to	TO
them	PRP
while	IN
allowing	VBG
them	PRP
to	TO
participate	VB
fully	RB
during	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
season	NN
.	.
The	DT
Principles	NNPS
Committee	NNP
recommends	VBZ
that	IN
employers	NNS
who	WP
make	VBP
job	NN
offers	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
a	DT
semester	NN
consider	VB
keeping	VBG
their	PRP$
offers	NNS
open	JJ
until	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
semester	NN
so	RB
that	IN
students	NNS
can	MD
fully	RB
explore	VB
other	JJ
opportunities	NNS
and	CC
,	,
ultimately	RB
,	,
make	VBP
the	DT
wisest	JJS
decisions	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
concerned	VBN
.	.
The	DT
success	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
in	IN
obtaining	VBG
employment	NN
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
parties	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
college	NN
campus	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
students	NNS
themselves	PRP
,	,
these	DT
parties	NNS
include	VBP
the	DT
professionals	NNS
who	WP
work	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
and	CC
in	IN
admissions	NNS
,	,
development	NN
,	,
and	CC
alumni	NNS
relations	NNS
offices	NNS
,	,
and	CC
you	PRP
,	,
the	DT
faculty	NN
.	.
Usually	RB
,	,
your	PRP$
role	NN
and	CC
that	IN
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioner	NN
are	VBP
complementary	JJ
.	.
Occasionally	RB
,	,
however	RB
,	,
helping	VBG
students	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
job	NN
searches	NNS
can	MD
result	VB
in	IN
unanticipated	JJ
illegal	JJ
or	CC
unethical	JJ
actions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NACE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
to	TO
which	WDT
a	DT
great	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
academic	JJ
and	CC
hiring	NN
institutions	NNS
belong	VBP
,	,
provides	VBZ
a	DT
set	NN
of	IN
ethical	JJ
standards	NNS
for	IN
guiding	VBG
the	DT
job-search	JJ
process	NN
.	.
Entitled	JJ
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
for	IN
Career	NNP
Services	NNP
&	CC
Employment	NNP
Professionals	NNP
,	,
these	DT
standards	NNS
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
notions	NNS
of	IN
fairness	NN
,	,
truthfulness	NN
,	,
non-injury	JJ
,	,
confidentiality	NN
,	,
and	CC
lawfulness	NN
.	.
In	IN
its	PRP$
foreword	NN
,	,
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
document	NN
notes	NNS
that	WDT
colleges	NNS
and	CC
employers	NNS
share	VBP
the	DT
common	JJ
goal	NN
of	IN
``	``
achieving	VBG
the	DT
best	JJS
match	NN
between	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
student	NN
and	CC
the	DT
employing	VBG
organization	NN
.	.
''	''
If	IN
you	PRP
or	CC
a	DT
colleague	NN
receive	VB
a	DT
job	NN
lead	NN
from	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
and	CC
choose	VB
only	RB
to	TO
refer	VB
a	DT
few	JJ
individuals	NNS
without	IN
publicizing	VBG
the	DT
position	NN
to	TO
all	DT
students	NNS
who	WP
may	MD
be	VB
qualified	VBN
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
maintaining	VBG
``	``
a	DT
fair	JJ
and	CC
equitable	JJ
recruiting	NN
process	NN
.	.
''	''
Also	RB
,	,
by	IN
identifying	VBG
individuals	NNS
for	IN
employment	NN
on	IN
a	DT
``	``
regular	JJ
''	''
basis	NN
,	,
you	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
an	DT
``	``
employment	NN
agency	NN
''	''
for	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
equal	JJ
employment	NN
opportunity	NN
laws	NNS
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
if	IN
it	PRP
appears	VBZ
as	IN
if	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
-LRB-	-LRB-
innocently	RB
or	CC
otherwise	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
referring	VBG
only	RB
male	JJ
students	NNS
or	CC
only	RB
minority	NN
students	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
open	JJ
to	TO
charges	NNS
of	IN
discrimination	NN
.	.
A	DT
Suggested	VBN
Course	NNP
of	IN
Action	NNP
:	:
If	IN
you	PRP
receive	VBP
a	DT
request	NN
for	IN
student	NN
referrals	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
,	,
of	IN
course	NN
,	,
notify	VBP
individual	JJ
students	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
declared	VBN
an	DT
interest	NN
in	IN
such	JJ
positions	NNS
and	CC
encourage	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
apply	VB
.	.
However	RB
,	,
also	RB
post	IN
the	DT
position	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
department	NN
and	CC
announce	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
your	PRP$
classes	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
contact	NN
the	DT
university	NN
career	NN
center	NN
so	IN
that	IN
the	DT
position	NN
can	MD
be	VB
listed	VBN
campus-wide	JJ
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
practical	JJ
reasons	NNS
for	IN
these	DT
actions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
may	MD
have	VB
an	DT
existing	VBG
relationship	NN
with	IN
the	DT
requesting	VBG
employer	NN
through	IN
co-op	NN
,	,
part-time\/summer	JJ
job	NN
,	,
internship	NN
,	,
job	NN
fair	JJ
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
recruiting	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Or	CC
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
practitioners	NNS
may	MD
wish	VB
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
broader	JJR
relationship	NN
with	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
employers	NNS
have	VBP
diversity	NN
objectives	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
college	NN
relations	NNS
programs	NNS
.	.
Accordingly	RB
,	,
they	PRP
will	MD
make	VB
a	DT
special	JJ
effort	NN
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
attract	VB
minority	NN
candidates	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
probably	RB
be	VB
asked	VBN
for	IN
help	NN
in	IN
accomplishing	VBG
this	DT
task	NN
.	.
The	DT
NACE	NNP
Principles	NNPS
document	NN
endorses	VBZ
compliance	NN
with	IN
EEO	NNP
guidelines	NNS
and	CC
adherence	NN
to	TO
affirmative	JJ
action	NN
principles	NNS
by	IN
both	DT
college	NN
and	CC
staffing	NN
professionals	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
illegal	JJ
to	TO
discriminate	JJ
against	IN
protected	JJ
groups	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
considered	VBN
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
career	NN
center	NN
practitioners	NNS
to	TO
inform	VB
members	NNS
of	IN
protected	JJ
groups	NNS
about	IN
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
especially	RB
in	IN
areas	NNS
where	WRB
minorities	NNS
are	VBP
underrepresented	VBN
.	.
Similarly	RB
,	,
employers	NNS
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
inform	VB
minority	NN
populations	NNS
of	IN
special	JJ
activities	NNS
,	,
e.g.	FW
,	,
information	NN
sessions	NNS
or	CC
career	NN
fairs	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
been	VBN
developed	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
achieve	VB
an	DT
employer	NN
's	POS
affirmative	JJ
action	NN
goals	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
participate	VB
in	IN
all	DT
of	IN
these	DT
activities	NNS
.	.
While	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
lawful	JJ
and	CC
ethical	JJ
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
assist	VB
employers	NNS
in	IN
reaching	VBG
out	RP
to	TO
minority	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
inappropriate	JJ
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
identify	VB
only	RB
minority	NN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
might	MD
fit	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
an	DT
obligation	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
``	``
fair	JJ
''	''
system	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
one	CD
where	WRB
all	DT
students	NNS
have	VBP
access	NN
to	TO
information	NN
about	IN
career	NN
opportunities	NNS
.	.
A	DT
Suggested	VBN
Course	NNP
of	IN
Action	NNP
:	:
If	IN
you	PRP
receive	VBP
a	DT
request	NN
for	IN
minority	NN
candidate	NN
referrals	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
make	VB
announcements	NNS
in	IN
class	NN
,	,
post	NN
signs	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
department	NN
,	,
notify	VBP
minority	NN
students	NNS
'	POS
organizations	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
societies	NNS
of	IN
black	JJ
,	,
female	JJ
,	,
or	CC
Hispanic	JJ
engineers	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
pass	VB
the	DT
request	NN
on	IN
to	TO
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
,	,
and	CC
encourage	VB
the	DT
employer	NN
to	TO
contact	VB
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
directly	RB
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
also	RB
refer	VB
the	DT
employer	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
college	NN
's	POS
minority	NN
student	NN
advisory	JJ
office	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
one	CD
exists	VBZ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
That	DT
office	NN
may	MD
be	VB
authorized	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
full	JJ
list	NN
of	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
requested	VBN
population	NN
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
asked	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
for	IN
a	DT
student	NN
's	POS
reference	NN
,	,
confidentiality	NN
becomes	VBZ
a	DT
major	JJ
concern	NN
.	.
Simply	RB
,	,
information	NN
about	IN
a	DT
student	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
shared	VBN
unless	IN
the	DT
student	NN
has	VBZ
furnished	VBN
you	PRP
with	IN
prior	RB
authorization	NN
.	.
Once	RB
permission	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
obtained	VBN
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
provide	VB
information	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
facts	NNS
,	,
not	RB
conjecture	NN
,	,
and	CC
not	RB
on	IN
personal	JJ
information	NN
unrelated	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
qualifications	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
job	NN
in	IN
question	NN
.	.
A	DT
Suggested	VBN
Course	NNP
of	IN
Action	NNP
:	:
When	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
asked	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
written	VBN
or	CC
oral	JJ
reference	NN
for	IN
a	DT
student	NN
,	,
obtain	VB
written	VBN
permission	NN
from	IN
the	DT
student	NN
.	.
All	DT
reference	NN
information	NN
should	MD
be	VB
based	VBN
on	IN
firsthand	JJ
knowledge	NN
and	CC
,	,
if	IN
possible	JJ
,	,
written	VBN
documentation	NN
.	.
When	WRB
providing	VBG
information	NN
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
avoid	VB
personal	JJ
matters	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
marital	JJ
status	NN
,	,
health	NN
,	,
disabilities	NNS
,	,
race	NN
,	,
religion	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
by	IN
law	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
employment	NN
decisions	NNS
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
you	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
such	JJ
information	NN
might	MD
enhance	VB
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
candidacy	NN
.	.
The	DT
goal	NN
of	IN
student	NN
employment	NN
is	VBZ
most	RBS
likely	JJ
reached	VBN
when	WRB
all	DT
parties	NNS
involved	VBD
work	NN
cooperatively	RB
,	,
ethically	RB
,	,
and	CC
within	IN
the	DT
law	NN
.	.
There	EX
may	MD
be	VB
instances	NNS
when	WRB
you	PRP
are	VBP
unsure	JJ
of	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
help	VB
your	PRP$
students	NNS
and	CC
stay	VB
within	IN
the	DT
law	NN
.	.
On	IN
those	DT
occasions	NNS
,	,
call	VBP
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
center	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
.	.
You	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
colleagues	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
offer	VB
comments	NNS
to	TO
your	PRP$
career	NN
services	NNS
center	NN
practitioners	NNS
regarding	VBG
these	DT
guidelines	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
issues	NNS
this	DT
guide	NN
addresses	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
feel	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
note	VB
issues	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
covered	VBN
.	.
A	DT
growing	VBG
number	NN
of	IN
HR\/staffing	VBG
professionals	NNS
are	VBP
concerned	VBN
about	IN
the	DT
liability	NN
their	PRP$
organizations	NNS
may	MD
face	VB
through	IN
their	PRP$
student	NN
internship	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Some	DT
employers	NNS
have	VBP
asked	VBN
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
to	TO
sign	VB
a	DT
``	``
hold	NN
harmless	JJ
''	''
or	CC
indemnity	JJ
agreement	NN
as	IN
a	DT
condition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
employer	NN
's	POS
hiring	VBG
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
students	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
paid	VBN
or	CC
unpaid	JJ
intern	NN
.	.
These	DT
agreements	NNS
may	MD
require	VB
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
assume	VB
responsibility	NN
not	RB
only	RB
for	IN
the	DT
actions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
intern	NN
in	IN
the	DT
workplace	NN
but	CC
also	RB
for	IN
any	DT
loss	NN
that	WDT
might	MD
arise	VB
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
internship	NN
relationship	NN
;	:
the	DT
agreements	NNS
also	RB
may	MD
require	VB
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
defend	VB
the	DT
employing	VBG
organization	NN
and	CC
pay	VB
its	PRP$
legal	JJ
fees	NNS
should	MD
the	DT
intern	NN
sue	VB
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
An	DT
internship	NN
program	NN
is	VBZ
either	RB
mandatory	JJ
or	CC
elective	JJ
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
case	NN
of	IN
a	DT
mandatory	JJ
program	NN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
perform	VB
an	DT
internship	NN
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
course	NN
of	IN
study	NN
,	,
to	TO
earn	VB
a	DT
specific	JJ
degree	NN
or	CC
certificate	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
to	TO
graduate	NN
;	:
in	IN
this	DT
case	NN
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
involved	VBN
in	IN
selecting	VBG
the	DT
internship	NN
site	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
a	DT
degree	NN
of	IN
involvement	NN
with	IN
the	DT
intern	NN
and	CC
the	DT
internship	NN
experience	NN
.	.
In	IN
an	DT
elective	JJ
program	NN
,	,
the	DT
internship	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
an	DT
academic	JJ
requirement	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
involvement	NN
may	MD
not	RB
extend	VB
beyond	IN
posting	VBG
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
internship	NN
opportunity	NN
.	.
In	IN
most	JJS
internships	NNS
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
's	POS
risk	NN
of	IN
liability	NN
is	VBZ
greater	JJR
than	IN
that	DT
of	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
as	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
typically	RB
has	VBZ
a	DT
greater	JJR
degree	NN
of	IN
control	NN
over	IN
the	DT
internship	NN
experience	NN
and	CC
environment	NN
than	IN
the	DT
school	NN
does	VBZ
.	.
While	IN
no	DT
study	NN
supports	VBZ
or	CC
refutes	VBZ
the	DT
concern	NN
that	WDT
sponsoring	VBG
interns	NNS
is	VBZ
risky	JJ
,	,
the	DT
increased	VBN
demand	NN
for	IN
hold	NN
harmless	JJ
agreements	NNS
indicates	VBZ
that	IN
some	DT
employers	NNS
perceive	VBP
a	DT
liability	NN
in	IN
hiring	VBG
interns	NNS
.	.
To	TO
mitigate	VB
that	DT
liability	NN
,	,
some	DT
employers	NNS
are	VBP
requiring	VBG
indemnity	NN
agreements	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
means	NN
of	IN
sharing	VBG
liability	NN
with	IN
and\/or	CC
passing	VBG
liability	NN
to	TO
schools	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
things	NNS
to	TO
consider	VB
when	WRB
signing	VBG
or	CC
asking	VBG
another	DT
organization	NN
to	TO
sign	VB
an	DT
agreement	NN
.	.
In	IN
general	JJ
,	,
such	JJ
agreements	NNS
are	VBP
only	RB
as	RB
good	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
parties	NNS
that	WDT
make	VBP
them	PRP
.	.
What	WP
does	VBZ
this	DT
mean	NN
?	.
Third	NNP
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
must	MD
have	VB
the	DT
legal	JJ
authority	NN
to	TO
agree	VB
to	TO
pay	VB
for	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
entity	NN
's	POS
losses	NNS
.	.
In	IN
certain	JJ
states	NNS
,	,
the	DT
law	NN
may	MD
bar	VB
a	DT
public	JJ
entity	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
state	NN
university	NN
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
from	IN
entering	VBG
into	IN
such	PDT
an	DT
agreement	NN
.	.
First	RB
,	,
an	DT
underlying	VBG
premise	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
is	VBZ
that	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
employer	NN
professionals	NNS
should	MD
create	VB
a	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
that	WDT
enables	VBZ
a	DT
student	NN
to	TO
make	VB
``	``
an	DT
informed	VBN
and	CC
responsible	JJ
decision	NN
regarding	VBG
a	DT
career	NN
choice	NN
,	,
in	IN
an	DT
atmosphere	NN
conducive	JJ
to	TO
objective	JJ
thought	NN
.	.
''	''
This	DT
guides	NNS
employers	NNS
and	CC
schools	NNS
to	TO
work	VB
in	IN
a	DT
collaborative	JJ
fashion	NN
to	TO
create	VB
this	DT
atmosphere	NN
for	IN
the	DT
student	NN
.	.
When	WRB
a	DT
hold	NN
harmless	JJ
agreement	NN
becomes	VBZ
part	NN
of	IN
this	DT
process	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
the	DT
potential	JJ
to	TO
change	VB
this	DT
collaborative	JJ
relationship	NN
into	IN
an	DT
adversarial	JJ
one	CD
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
especially	RB
true	JJ
when	WRB
the	DT
employer	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
discuss	VB
the	DT
agreement	NN
with	IN
the	DT
school	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
interviewing	VBG
students	NNS
and	CC
instead	RB
sends	VBZ
the	DT
student	NN
into	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
with	IN
the	DT
agreement	NN
as	IN
an	DT
``	``
after	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
''	''
condition	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
.	.
The	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
expected	VBN
to	TO
put	VB
pressure	NN
on	IN
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
sign	VB
the	DT
document	NN
.	.
Using	VBG
the	DT
student	NN
in	IN
this	DT
manner	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
``	``
support	NN
informed	VBN
and	CC
responsible	JJ
decision	NN
making	NN
.	.
''	''
This	DT
also	RB
places	VBZ
the	DT
school	NN
in	IN
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
seen	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
obstacle	NN
to	TO
a	DT
student	NN
's	POS
internship	NN
if	IN
the	DT
school	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
sign	VB
the	DT
agreement	NN
.	.
In	IN
those	DT
cases	NNS
where	WRB
there	EX
is	VBZ
little	JJ
or	CC
no	DT
relationship	NN
between	IN
the	DT
school	NN
and	CC
employer	NN
,	,
requiring	VBG
an	DT
indemnity	NN
agreement	NN
as	IN
a	DT
condition	NN
of	IN
internship	NN
employment	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
within	IN
the	DT
framework	NN
of	IN
``	``
professionally	RB
accepted	VBN
recruiting	NN
,	,
interviewing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
selection	NN
techniques	NNS
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Employer	NNP
Principle	NNP
2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
same	JJ
as	IN
requiring	VBG
a	DT
drug	NN
test	NN
,	,
credit	NN
check	NN
,	,
or	CC
background	NN
investigation	NN
as	IN
a	DT
condition	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
,	,
which	WDT
are	VBP
accepted	VBN
preemployment	NN
conditions	NNS
and	CC
relate	VB
to	TO
whether	IN
the	DT
student	NN
fulfills	VBZ
the	DT
employer	NN
's	POS
requirements	NNS
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
``	``
supplied	VBD
the	DT
student	NN
with	IN
accurate	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Employer	NNP
Principle	NNP
3	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
when	WRB
it	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
advise	VB
a	DT
student	NN
about	IN
the	DT
indemnity	NN
agreement	NN
up	IN
front	NN
.	.
By	IN
not	RB
informing	VBG
the	DT
student	NN
of	IN
the	DT
requirement	NN
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
has	VBZ
misrepresented	VBN
the	DT
organization	NN
.	.
Often	RB
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
understand	VB
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agreement	NN
.	.
Believing	VBG
the	DT
agreement	NN
is	VBZ
just	RB
another	DT
``	``
form	NN
''	''
to	TO
be	VB
completed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
then	RB
does	VBZ
not	RB
understand	VB
why	WRB
the	DT
school	NN
would	MD
refuse	VB
to	TO
sign	VB
the	DT
agreement	NN
.	.
By	IN
not	RB
providing	VBG
accurate	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
its	PRP$
indemnity	NN
agreement	NN
requirement	NN
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
fosters	VBZ
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
misperception	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
school	NN
is	VBZ
unwilling	JJ
or	CC
unable	JJ
to	TO
sign	VB
the	DT
agreement	NN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
may	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
disadvantage	NN
,	,
especially	RB
in	IN
those	DT
cases	NNS
where	WRB
the	DT
internship	NN
is	VBZ
scheduled	VBN
to	TO
begin	VB
shortly	RB
or	CC
has	VBZ
already	RB
begun	VBN
.	.
When	WRB
an	DT
employer	NN
changes	VBZ
its	PRP$
commitment	NN
to	TO
a	DT
student	NN
,	,
Employer	NNP
Principle	NNP
3	CD
directs	VBZ
the	DT
employer	NN
to	TO
``	``
pursue	VB
a	DT
course	NN
of	IN
action	NN
for	IN
the	DT
affected	JJ
candidate	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
fair	JJ
and	CC
equitable	JJ
.	.
''	''
However	RB
,	,
when	WRB
an	DT
internship	NN
is	VBZ
revoked	VBN
after	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
begun	VBN
or	CC
shortly	RB
before	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
scheduled	VBN
to	TO
begin	VB
,	,
this	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
possible	JJ
.	.
A	DT
hold	NN
harmless	JJ
agreement	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
appropriate	JJ
in	IN
those	DT
cases	NNS
when	WRB
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
involvement	NN
with	IN
assisting	VBG
employers	NNS
in	IN
recruiting	VBG
interns	NNS
is	VBZ
limited	VBN
to	TO
providing	VBG
access	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
by	IN
posting	VBG
the	DT
opportunity	NN
,	,
scheduling	NN
on-campus	JJ
interviews	NNS
,	,
referring	VBG
resumes	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
employers	NNS
in	IN
career	NN
fairs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
like	JJ
.	.
In	IN
such	PDT
a	DT
situation	NN
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
has	VBZ
no	DT
involvement	NN
in	IN
the	DT
selection	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
by	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
The	DT
employer	NN
controls	VBZ
the	DT
workplace	NN
,	,
work	NN
rules	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
intern	NN
.	.
Under	IN
these	DT
circumstances	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
because	IN
the	DT
agreement	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
within	IN
the	DT
framework	NN
of	IN
``	``
professionally	RB
accepted	VBN
recruiting	NN
,	,
interviewing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
selection	NN
techniques	NNS
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Employer	NNP
Principle	NNP
2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
agreement	NN
is	VBZ
between	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
and	CC
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
,	,
not	RB
the	DT
student	NN
,	,
should	MD
send	VB
the	DT
agreement	NN
to	TO
the	DT
authorized	VBN
individual	NN
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
for	IN
review	NN
,	,
negotiation	NN
,	,
and	CC
execution	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agreement	NN
.	.
The	DT
student	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
involved	VBN
in	IN
delivering	VBG
or	CC
apprising	VBG
the	DT
school	NN
of	IN
the	DT
agreement	NN
.	.
The	DT
employer	NN
and	CC
school	NN
must	MD
engage	VB
in	IN
negotiations	NNS
to	TO
draft	VB
an	DT
agreement	NN
that	WDT
meets	VBZ
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
both	DT
organizations	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
more	RBR
likely	JJ
that	IN
a	DT
school	NN
will	MD
agree	VB
to	TO
indemnify	VB
the	DT
employing	VBG
organization	NN
if	IN
the	DT
agreement	NN
addresses	NNS
risks	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
school	NN
can	MD
control	VB
.	.
The	DT
agreement	NN
should	MD
be	VB
crafted	VBN
based	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
respective	JJ
responsibilities	NNS
of	IN
both	DT
the	DT
school	NN
and	CC
the	DT
employer	NN
as	IN
they	PRP
relate	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
internship	NN
.	.
Job	NNP
Choices	NNPS
for	IN
Business	NNP
&	CC
Liberal	NNP
Arts	NNP
Students	NNS
highlights	VBZ
career	NN
opportunities	NNS
with	IN
employers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
nontechnical	JJ
fields	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
accounting	NN
,	,
insurance	NN
,	,
retail	JJ
,	,
finance	NN
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
,	,
and	CC
provides	VBZ
career	NN
planning	NN
and	CC
job-search	JJ
advice	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
pursuing	VBG
degrees	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
nontechnical	JJ
disciplines	NNS
.	.
Job	NNP
Choices	NNPS
for	IN
Science	NNP
,	,
Engineering	NNP
,	,
&	CC
Technology	NNP
Students	NNS
highlights	VBZ
career	NN
opportunities	NNS
with	IN
employers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
technical	JJ
fields	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
engineering	NN
,	,
science	NN
,	,
computer	NN
science	NN
,	,
and	CC
healthcare	NN
,	,
and	CC
features	NNS
career	NN
planning	NN
and	CC
job-search	JJ
information	NN
tailored	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
pursuing	VBG
a	DT
degree	NN
in	IN
a	DT
technical	JJ
field	NN
.	.
Job	NNP
Choices	NNPS
:	:
Diversity	NNP
Edition	NNP
highlights	VBZ
career	NN
opportunities	NNS
with	IN
employers	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
industries	NNS
and	CC
fields	NNS
,	,
features	NNS
career	NN
planning	NN
and	CC
job-search	JJ
information	NN
,	,
and	CC
addresses	NNS
issues	NNS
relevant	JJ
to	TO
students	NNS
of	IN
diverse	JJ
backgrounds	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
magazine	NN
also	RB
features	VBZ
indexes	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
narrow	VB
your	PRP$
search	NN
:	:
Use	VB
the	DT
``	``
Opportunities	NNPS
by	IN
Employer	NNP
''	''
index	NN
to	TO
target	VB
a	DT
specific	JJ
organization	NN
.	.
Or	CC
,	,
target	VB
a	DT
specific	JJ
occupation	NN
with	IN
the	DT
help	NN
of	IN
the	DT
``	``
Opportunities	NNPS
by	IN
Occupation	NNP
''	''
index	NN
.	.
Looking	VBG
for	IN
opportunities	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
specific	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
country	NN
?	.
Scan	VB
the	DT
``	``
Opportunities	NNPS
by	IN
Location	NNP
''	''
index	NN
,	,
where	WRB
employers	NNS
are	VBP
listed	VBN
by	IN
country	NN
,	,
state	NN
,	,
and	CC
city	NN
.	.
Find	VB
out	RP
about	IN
the	DT
culture	NN
,	,
history	NN
,	,
and	CC
work	NN
of	IN
companies	NNS
by	IN
surfing	VBG
your	PRP$
way	NN
to	TO
employer	NN
web	NN
sites	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
``	``
Employer	NNP
Web	NNP
Site	NNP
''	''
index	NN
.	.
The	DT
latest	JJS
edition	NN
of	IN
Job	NNP
Choices	NNPS
is	VBZ
being	VBG
shipped	VBN
to	TO
member	NN
colleges	NNS
.	.
Use	NNP
the	DT
following	VBG
customizable	JJ
press	NN
release	NN
to	TO
let	VB
students	NNS
know	VBP
that	IN
your	PRP$
career	NN
center	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
magazine	NN
in	IN
stock	NN
and	CC
that	IN
you	PRP
want	VBP
them	PRP
to	TO
come	VB
in	IN
to	TO
visit	VB
!	.
Just	RB
fill	VB
in	IN
the	DT
text	NN
set	VBN
apart	RP
by	IN
brackets	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
-RRB-	-RRB-
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
personalize	VB
the	DT
release	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
office	NN
.	.
In	IN
spite	NN
of	IN
the	DT
positive	JJ
outlook	NN
,	,
Koncz	NNP
cautions	VBZ
against	IN
sitting	VBG
back	RB
and	CC
waiting	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
job	NN
.	.
``	``
Students	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
proactive	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
job	NN
search	NN
;	:
they	PRP
can	MD
start	VB
by	IN
going	VBG
to	TO
their	PRP$
campus	NN
career	NN
center	NN
for	IN
guidance	NN
and	CC
resources	NNS
.	.
Network	NNP
:	:
You	PRP
'll	MD
gain	VB
an	DT
edge	NN
by	IN
building	VBG
a	DT
network	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
learn	VBP
about	IN
organizations	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
opportunities	NNS
.	.
Your	PRP$
network	NN
contacts	NNS
may	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
get	VB
your	PRP$
resume	VB
into	IN
the	DT
right	JJ
hands	NNS
or	CC
your	PRP$
foot	NN
in	IN
the	DT
door	NN
.	.
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
many	JJ
employers	NNS
reward	VBP
their	PRP$
current	JJ
employees	NNS
for	IN
referring	VBG
candidates	NNS
.	.
And	CC
,	,
your	PRP$
network	NN
can	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
throughout	IN
your	PRP$
career	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
latest	JJS
issue	NN
of	IN
Job	NNP
Choices	NNPS
,	,
you	PRP
'll	MD
find	VB
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
job	NN
market	NN
for	IN
the	DT
class	NN
of	IN
2007	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
what	WP
employers	NNS
say	VBP
you	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
to	TO
make	VB
yourself	PRP
a	DT
more	RBR
attractive	JJ
candidate	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
resume	VB
and	CC
interview	VB
advice	NN
,	,
tips	NNS
on	IN
completing	VBG
online	JJ
applications	NNS
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
Plus	CC
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
use	VB
the	DT
Job	NNP
Choices	NNPS
magazines	NNS
to	TO
identify	VB
employers	NNS
interested	JJ
in	IN
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
Open	VB
your	PRP$
copy	NN
of	IN
Job	NNP
Choices	NNPS
and	CC
narrow	JJ
your	PRP$
job	NN
search	NN
by	IN
using	VBG
the	DT
``	``
Opportunities	NNPS
by	IN
Employer	NNP
''	''
index	NN
,	,
and	CC
target	VB
a	DT
specific	JJ
organization	NN
.	.
Or	CC
,	,
target	VB
a	DT
specific	JJ
occupation	NN
with	IN
the	DT
help	NN
of	IN
the	DT
``	``
Opportunities	NNPS
by	IN
Occupation	NNP
''	''
index	NN
.	.
Looking	VBG
for	IN
opportunities	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
specific	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
country	NN
?	.
Scan	VB
the	DT
``	``
Opportunities	NNPS
by	IN
Location	NNP
''	''
index	NN
,	,
where	WRB
employers	NNS
are	VBP
listed	VBN
by	IN
country	NN
,	,
state	NN
,	,
and	CC
city	NN
.	.
Find	VB
out	RP
about	IN
the	DT
culture	NN
,	,
history	NN
,	,
and	CC
work	NN
of	IN
companies	NNS
by	IN
surfing	VBG
your	PRP$
way	NN
to	TO
employer	NN
web	NN
sites	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
``	``
Employer	NNP
Web	NNP
Site	NNP
''	''
index	NN
.	.
Employer	NN
:	:
benchmarking	NN
internships	NNS
;	:
background	NN
checks	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
law	NN
;	:
students	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
;	:
using	VBG
new	JJ
media	NNS
to	TO
recruit	VB
the	DT
millennials	NNS
,	,
developing	VBG
an	DT
effecctive	JJ
university	NN
relations	NNS
program	NN
;	:
creating	VBG
marketing	NN
that	IN
drives	NNS
student	NN
participation	NN
,	,
and	CC
many	JJ
more	JJR
.	.
College	NNP
:	:
branding	NN
and	CC
marketing	NN
a	DT
new	JJ
office	NN
;	:
creating	VBG
an	DT
alumni-student	JJ
connection	NN
;	:
make	VB
your	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
more	RBR
effective	JJ
;	:
sexual	JJ
orientation	NN
and	CC
career	NN
decision	NN
making	VBG
;	:
combining	VBG
high	JJ
touch	NN
with	IN
high	JJ
tech	NN
,	,
strengthening	VBG
liberal	JJ
arts	NNS
education	NN
with	IN
business	NN
principles	NNS
,	,
and	CC
much	RB
,	,
much	RB
more	RBR
.	.
Career	NNP
staffs	NNS
are	VBP
expected	VBN
to	TO
exercise	VB
sound	JJ
judgment	NN
and	CC
fairness	NN
in	IN
maintaining	VBG
the	DT
confidentiality	NN
of	IN
student	NN
information	NN
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
source	NN
,	,
including	VBG
written	VBN
records	NNS
,	,
reports	NNS
,	,
and	CC
computer	NN
data	NNS
bases	NNS
.	.
All	DT
students	NNS
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
personal	JJ
or	CC
educational	JJ
background	NN
,	,
should	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
by	IN
career	NN
staffs	NNS
with	IN
equal	JJ
and	CC
full	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
information	NN
on	IN
career	NN
opportunities	NNS
and	CC
types	NNS
of	IN
employing	VBG
organizations	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
staffs	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
expected	VBN
to	TO
inform	VB
you	PRP
how	WRB
and	CC
where	WRB
to	TO
obtain	VB
information	NN
which	WDT
may	MD
influence	VB
your	PRP$
decisions	NNS
about	IN
an	DT
employing	VBG
organization	NN
.	.
Employers	NNS
are	VBP
expected	VBN
to	TO
maintain	VB
the	DT
confidentiality	NN
of	IN
student	NN
information	NN
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
source	NN
,	,
including	VBG
personal	JJ
knowledge	NN
,	,
written	VBN
records\/reports	NNS
,	,
and	CC
computer	NN
data	NNS
bases	NNS
.	.
An	DT
employer	NN
should	MD
n't	RB
disclose	VB
information	NN
about	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
another	DT
organization	NN
without	IN
your	PRP$
prior	JJ
written	VBN
consent	NN
,	,
unless	IN
necessitated	VBN
by	IN
health	NN
and\/or	CC
safety	NN
considerations	NNS
.	.
Employers	NNS
are	VBP
expected	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
accurate	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
their	PRP$
organizations	NNS
and	CC
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
,	,
but	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
,	,
positions	NNS
available	JJ
,	,
responsibilities	NNS
,	,
career	NN
advancement	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
benefits	NNS
.	.
If	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
by	IN
changing	VBG
conditions	NNS
to	TO
revoke	VB
a	DT
job	NN
offer	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
've	VBP
accepted	VBN
,	,
you	PRP
're	VBP
entitled	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
fair	JJ
and	CC
equitable	JJ
course	NN
of	IN
action	NN
.	.
That	DT
can	MD
include	VB
,	,
but	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
,	,
financial	JJ
assistance	NN
and	CC
outplacement	NN
service	NN
.	.
Appear	VB
for	IN
all	DT
interviews	NNS
,	,
on	IN
campus	NN
and	CC
elsewhere	RB
,	,
unless	IN
unforeseeable	JJ
events	NNS
prevent	VBP
you	PRP
from	IN
doing	VBG
so	RB
.	.
And	CC
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
make	VB
the	DT
interview	NN
because	IN
of	IN
an	DT
unforeseeable	JJ
event	NN
,	,
notify	VB
your	PRP$
career	NN
center	NN
or	CC
the	DT
employer	NN
at	IN
the	DT
earliest	JJS
possible	JJ
moment	NN
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
an	DT
accept	VBP
an	DT
offer	NN
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
have	VB
every	DT
intention	NN
of	IN
honoring	VBG
that	IN
commitment	NN
.	.
Accepting	VBG
an	DT
offer	NN
only	RB
as	IN
a	DT
precautionary	JJ
measure	NN
is	VBZ
misleading	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
employer	NN
and	CC
may	MD
restrict	VB
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
others	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
genuinely	RB
interested	JJ
in	IN
that	DT
employer	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
accept	VBP
an	DT
offer	NN
or	CC
decide	VB
that	DT
full-time	JJ
graduate	NN
or	CC
professional	JJ
studies	NNS
are	VBP
for	IN
you	PRP
,	,
notify	VB
your	PRP$
career	NN
center	NN
and	CC
withdraw	VB
from	IN
the	DT
on-campus	JJ
recruiting	NN
process	NN
immediately	RB
.	.
And	CC
,	,
let	VB
employers	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
actively	RB
considering	VBG
you	PRP
for	IN
a	DT
job	NN
know	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
now	RB
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
running	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
best	RB
to	TO
review	VB
a	DT
site	NN
's	POS
privacy	NN
policy	NN
before	IN
publishing	VBG
any	DT
personal	JJ
information	NN
.	.
Make	NNP
sure	RB
you	PRP
know	VBP
who	WP
will	MD
have	VB
access	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
information	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
under	IN
what	WP
circumstances	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
whether	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
remove	VB
information	NN
or	CC
photos	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
later	JJ
date	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
for	IN
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
and	CC
Employment	NNP
Professionals	NNP
The	NNP
following	VBG
is	VBZ
an	DT
annotated	VBN
version	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
.	.
Articles	NNPS
related	VBN
to	TO
various	JJ
parts	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
are	VBP
indicated	VBN
as	IN
Related	NNP
Links	NNP
below	IN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
will	MD
exercise	VB
sound	JJ
judgment	NN
and	CC
fairness	NN
in	IN
maintaining	VBG
the	DT
confidentiality	NN
of	IN
student	NN
information	NN
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
source	NN
,	,
including	VBG
written	VBN
records	NNS
,	,
reports	NNS
,	,
and	CC
computer	NN
data	NNS
bases	NNS
.	.
The	DT
idea	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Users	NNP
Guide	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
first	RB
was	VBD
conceived	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
early	JJ
1990s	CD
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
document	NN
was	VBD
undergoing	VBG
a	DT
major	JJ
overhaul	NN
.	.
The	DT
committee	NN
working	VBG
on	IN
this	DT
project	NN
thought	VBD
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
helpful	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
companion	NN
piece	NN
which	WDT
explained	VBD
in	IN
more	JJR
detail	NN
the	DT
thinking	NN
underlying	VBG
the	DT
profession	NN
's	POS
ethical	JJ
principles	NNS
.	.
The	DT
NACE	NNP
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
developed	VBN
this	DT
guide	NN
to	TO
help	VB
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
and	CC
others	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
fields	NNS
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
human	JJ
resources\/staffing	NN
determine	VB
the	DT
right	JJ
course	NN
of	IN
action	NN
.	.
The	DT
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
for	IN
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
and	CC
Employment	NNP
Professionals	NNP
,	,
provides	VBZ
ethical	JJ
standards	NNS
for	IN
our	PRP$
profession	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
set	NN
of	IN
``	``
rules	NNS
''	''
for	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
human	JJ
resources\/staffing	NN
professionals	NNS
and	CC
third-party	JJ
recruiters	NNS
.	.
These	DT
principles	NNS
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
fundamental	JJ
moral	JJ
tenets	NNS
of	IN
fairness	NN
,	,
truthfulness	NN
,	,
and	CC
lawfulness	NN
;	:
they	PRP
include	VBP
respect	NN
for	IN
human	JJ
autonomy	NN
,	,
privacy	NN
,	,
and	CC
dignity	NN
;	:
and	CC
they	PRP
disallow	VBP
abuse	NN
,	,
injury	NN
,	,
and	CC
mistreatment	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
common	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
caught	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
ethical	JJ
dilemma	NN
.	.
Ethical	JJ
dilemmas	NNS
often	RB
come	VBP
about	RB
when	WRB
we	PRP
find	VBP
ourselves	PRP
pulled	VBD
between	IN
competing	VBG
moral	JJ
duties	NNS
,	,
or	CC
when	WRB
organizational	JJ
expectations	NNS
or	CC
personal	JJ
needs	NNS
conflict	NN
with	IN
accepted	VBN
ethical	JJ
practices	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
also	RB
occasions	NNS
when	WRB
an	DT
action	NN
we	PRP
are	VBP
contemplating	VBG
``	``
feels	VBZ
''	''
wrong	JJ
,	,
although	IN
we	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
certain	JJ
why	WRB
.	.
In	IN
these	DT
instances	NNS
,	,
a	DT
clarification	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
professional	JJ
ethical	JJ
code	NN
can	MD
help	VB
in	IN
solving	VBG
the	DT
dilemma	NN
.	.
This	DT
reference	NN
letter	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
request	NN
of	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
with	IN
the	DT
written	VBN
authorization	NN
of	IN
-RRB-	-RRB-
-LRB-	-LRB-
name	NN
of	IN
former	JJ
employee	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
understanding	NN
that	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
individual	NN
's	POS
name	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
has	VBZ
applied	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
job	NN
title	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
with	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
.	.
The	DT
information	NN
contained	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
letter	NN
is	VBZ
confidential	JJ
and	CC
should	MD
be	VB
treated	VBN
as	IN
such	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
disclosed	VBN
to	TO
anyone	NN
within	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
who	WP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
involved	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
hiring	VBG
decision	NN
regarding	VBG
this	DT
individual	NN
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
it	PRP
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
disclosed	VBN
to	TO
anyone	NN
outside	IN
of	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
without	IN
the	DT
written	VBN
consent	NN
of	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
individual	NN
's	POS
name	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
This	DT
reference	NN
letter	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
written	VBN
request	NN
of	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
name	NN
of	IN
student	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
who	WP
has	VBZ
asked	VBN
me	PRP
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
reference	NN
on	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
his\/her	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
behalf	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
understanding	NN
that	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
name	NN
of	IN
student	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
being	VBG
considered	VBN
by	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
for	IN
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
job	NN
title	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Please	VB
be	VB
advised	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
information	NN
contained	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
letter	NN
is	VBZ
confidential	JJ
and	CC
should	MD
be	VB
treated	VBN
as	IN
such	JJ
.	.
The	DT
information	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
disclosed	VBN
to	TO
-LRB-	-LRB-
name	NN
of	IN
student	NN
,	,
if	IN
student	NN
has	VBZ
waived	VBN
access	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
anyone	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
who	WP
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
involved	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
hiring	VBG
decision	NN
regarding	VBG
this	DT
individual	NN
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
the	DT
information	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
disclosed	VBN
to	TO
anyone	NN
outside	IN
of	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
without	IN
the	DT
consent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
student	NN
has	VBZ
waived	VBN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
right	NN
to	TO
inspect	VB
or	CC
gain	VB
access	NN
to	TO
a	DT
letter	NN
of	IN
reference	NN
,	,
avoid	VB
reviewing	VBG
the	DT
letter	NN
or	CC
giving	VBG
opinions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
on	IN
whether	IN
the	DT
letter	NN
is	VBZ
positive	JJ
or	CC
negative	JJ
.	.
Explain	VB
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
that	WDT
by	IN
waiving	VBG
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
right	NN
to	TO
inspect	VB
,	,
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
expect	VB
to	TO
obtain	VB
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
letter	NN
from	IN
you	PRP
or	CC
your	PRP$
staff	NN
.	.
Obtain	VB
signed	VBN
written	VBN
consent	NN
to	TO
disclose	VB
student	NN
credential	NN
files	NNS
,	,
resumes	VBZ
,	,
transcripts	NNS
,	,
or	CC
letters	NNS
of	IN
reference	NN
,	,
before	IN
disclosing	VBG
such	JJ
information	NN
.	.
Written	VBN
consents	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
necessary	JJ
for	IN
release	NN
of	IN
``	``
directory	NN
information	NN
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
name	NN
,	,
address	NN
,	,
major	JJ
,	,
activities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
awards	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
from	IN
the	DT
credential	NN
file	NN
.	.
Establish	VB
a	DT
time	NN
period	NN
and	CC
procedure	NN
for	IN
maintaining	VBG
information	NN
contained	VBN
in	IN
student	NN
credential	NN
files	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
systematic	JJ
procedure	NN
for	IN
destroying	VBG
such	JJ
records	NNS
.	.
Advise	VB
students	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
record-retention	NN
policy	NN
.	.
Advise	VB
employers	NNS
that	WDT
your	PRP$
office	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
verify	VB
student	NN
credentials	NNS
or	CC
conduct	VB
reference	NN
or	CC
background	NN
checks	NNS
on	IN
students	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
agree	VBP
to	TO
verify	VB
students	NNS
'	POS
credentials	NNS
,	,
be	VB
sure	JJ
your	PRP$
verification	NN
process	NN
is	VBZ
thorough	JJ
.	.
Only	RB
agree	VBP
to	TO
verify	VB
that	IN
to	TO
which	WDT
you	PRP
have	VBP
access-for	JJ
example	NN
,	,
grades	NNS
,	,
courses	NNS
taken	VBN
,	,
major	JJ
,	,
and	CC
on-campus	JJ
activities	NNS
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
become	VB
a	DT
``	``
guarantor	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
behavior	NN
.	.
''	''
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
aware	JJ
of	IN
student	NN
conduct	NN
or	CC
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
student	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
believe	VBP
may	MD
be	VB
of	IN
concern	NN
to	TO
an	DT
employer	NN
,	,
counsel	NN
the	DT
student	NN
as	IN
to	TO
whether	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
him	PRP
or	CC
her	PRP$
to	TO
divulge	VB
the	DT
information	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
not	RB
make	VB
the	DT
decision	NN
on	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
Designate	VB
one	CD
or	CC
two	CD
individuals	NNS
to	TO
respond	VB
to	TO
all	DT
reference	NN
inquiries	NNS
.	.
Advise	VB
all	DT
employees	NNS
,	,
especially	RB
members	NNS
of	IN
management	NN
who	WP
may	MD
be	VB
called	VBN
upon	IN
to	TO
give	VB
a	DT
reference	NN
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
aware	JJ
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
authorized	VBN
to	TO
give	VB
references	NNS
.	.
Advise	VB
these	DT
individuals	NNS
that	IN
they	PRP
must	MD
refer	VB
all	DT
reference	NN
inquiries	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
designated	VBN
individuals	NNS
.	.
Prior	RB
to	TO
providing	VBG
a	DT
reference	NN
,	,
obtain	VB
consent	NN
from	IN
the	DT
person	NN
about	IN
whom	WP
the	DT
reference	NN
will	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
unaware	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
job	NN
applicant	NN
has	VBZ
named	VBN
you	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
reference	NN
,	,
ask	VB
the	DT
prospective	JJ
employer	NN
for	IN
verification	NN
that	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
has	VBZ
given	VBN
consent	NN
for	IN
the	DT
reference	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
verification	NN
could	MD
include	VB
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
signed	VBN
application	NN
listing	NN
you	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
reference	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
name	NN
listed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
reference	NN
on	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
resume	VB
,	,
or	CC
verbal	JJ
confirmation	NN
by	IN
the	DT
student	NN
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
Discuss	VB
the	DT
type	NN
of	IN
reference	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
will	MD
provide	VB
with	IN
the	DT
person	NN
who	WP
asks	VBZ
you	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
reference	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
provide	VB
a	DT
good	JJ
reference	NN
,	,
be	VB
honest	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
n't	RB
promise	VB
a	DT
``	``
glowing	JJ
reference	NN
''	''
and	CC
them	PRP
provide	VBP
merely	RB
a	DT
``	``
glimmer	NN
.	.
''	''
If	IN
references	NNS
are	VBP
handled	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
centralized	JJ
fashion	NN
,	,
advise	VBP
the	DT
prospective	JJ
employer	NN
that	WDT
even	RB
though	IN
you	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
named	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
reference	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
organization	NN
's	POS
policy	NN
prohibits	VBZ
you	PRP
from	IN
providing	VBG
the	DT
reference	NN
.	.
If	IN
``	``
to	TO
whom	WP
it	PRP
may	MD
concern	NN
''	''
reference	NN
letters	NNS
are	VBP
requested	VBN
,	,
document	NN
that	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
type	NN
of	IN
reference	NN
requested	VBN
and	CC
that	IN
the	DT
student	NN
or	CC
job	NN
applicant	NN
takes	VBZ
responsibility	NN
for	IN
disseminating	VBG
the	DT
letters	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
proper	JJ
persons	NNS
.	.
Avoid	VB
giving	VBG
personal	JJ
opinions	NNS
or	CC
feelings	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
make	VBP
subjective	JJ
statements	NNS
or	CC
give	VB
opinions	NNS
because	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
requested	VBN
,	,
clearly	RB
identify	VB
them	PRP
as	IN
opinions	NNS
and	CC
not	RB
as	IN
fact	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
give	VBP
an	DT
opinion	NN
explain	VBP
the	DT
incident	NN
or	CC
circumstances	NNS
on	IN
which	WDT
you	PRP
base	VBP
the	DT
opinion	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
not	RB
include	VB
information	NN
that	WDT
might	MD
indicate	VB
an	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
race	NN
,	,
color	NN
,	,
religion	NN
,	,
national	JJ
origin	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
disability	NN
,	,
citizenship	NN
status	NN
,	,
sex	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
unless	IN
by	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
name	NN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
obvious	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
or	CC
marital	JJ
status	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
not	RB
base	VB
an	DT
opinion	NN
of	IN
performance	NN
on	IN
stereotypes	NNS
about	IN
an	DT
individuals	NNS
,	,
for	IN
instance	NN
``	``
for	IN
a	DT
woman	NN
,	,
she	PRP
excels	VBZ
in	IN
math	NN
.	.
''	''
REFERENCES	NNS
:	:
Whether	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
letter	NN
from	IN
a	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
evaluating	VBG
a	DT
student	NN
's	POS
work	NN
in	IN
class	NN
,	,
an	DT
evaluation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
student	NN
teacher	NN
on	IN
a	DT
teaching	NN
assignment	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
report	NN
from	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
on	IN
a	DT
student	NN
's	POS
progress	NN
in	IN
his\/her	NN
cooperative	JJ
education	NN
assignment	NN
,	,
what	WDT
can	MD
the	DT
evaluator	NN
say	VBP
or	CC
write	VB
?	.
Reference	NNP
writers	NNS
want	VBP
to	TO
know	VB
if	IN
they	PRP
will	MD
get	VB
in	IN
trouble	NN
if	IN
they	PRP
write	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
person	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
performance	NN
problem	NN
or	CC
needs	VBZ
to	TO
improve	VB
in	IN
certain	JJ
areas	NNS
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
a	DT
student	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
cooperative	JJ
education	NN
assignment	NN
in	IN
a	DT
publishing	NN
company	NN
.	.
After	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
three	CD
months	NNS
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
evaluated	VBN
and	CC
her	PRP$
supervisor	NN
identifies	VBZ
certain	JJ
areas	NNS
for	IN
improvement	NN
,	,
discusses	VBZ
the	DT
evaluation	NN
with	IN
her	PRP
,	,
and	CC
places	VBZ
it	PRP
in	IN
her	PRP$
personnel	NNS
file	NN
at	IN
the	DT
company	NN
.	.
Over	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
the	DT
assignment	NN
,	,
which	WDT
spans	NNS
several	JJ
semesters	NNS
,	,
three	CD
more	JJR
evaluations	NNS
occur	VBP
and	CC
are	VBP
placed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
file	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
performance	NN
is	VBZ
uneven	JJ
,	,
and	CC
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
evaluations	NNS
indicates	VBZ
her	PRP$
weak	JJ
areas	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
assignment	NN
,	,
the	DT
vice	NN
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
company	NN
has	VBZ
to	TO
determine	VB
if	IN
the	DT
student	NN
will	MD
be	VB
offered	VBN
a	DT
full-time	JJ
position	NN
after	IN
graduation	NN
.	.
To	TO
make	VB
this	DT
determination	NN
,	,
he	PRP
asks	VBZ
the	DT
supervisor	NN
to	TO
share	VB
with	IN
him	PRP
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
written	VBN
performance	NN
evaluations	NNS
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
evaluations	NNS
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
hired	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
full-time	JJ
position	NN
.	.
The	DT
supervisor	NN
shares	NNS
these	DT
evaluations	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
cooperative	JJ
education	NN
coordinator	NN
and	CC
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
adviser	NN
.	.
The	DT
adviser	NN
works	VBZ
with	IN
the	DT
student	NN
on	IN
some	DT
of	IN
her	PRP$
weak	JJ
areas	NNS
.	.
Later	RB
,	,
when	WRB
asked	VBN
to	TO
give	VB
a	DT
reference	NN
,	,
the	DT
adviser	NN
prepares	VBZ
the	DT
reference	NN
outlining	VBG
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
strengths	NNS
and	CC
weaknesses	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
adviser	NN
's	POS
own	JJ
observations	NNS
and	CC
on	IN
information	NN
contained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
supervisor	NN
's	POS
performance	NN
evaluations	NNS
.	.
This	DT
letter	NN
becomes	VBZ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
credential	NN
file	NN
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
communicated	VBN
to	TO
other	JJ
employers	NNS
.	.
After	IN
a	DT
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
remains	VBZ
unemployed	JJ
Does	VBZ
this	DT
scenario	NN
sound	NN
familiar	JJ
?	.
How	WRB
appropriate	JJ
are	VBP
the	DT
supervisor	NN
's	POS
and	CC
the	DT
adviser	NN
's	POS
actions	NNS
?	.
How	WRB
would	MD
the	DT
law	NN
look	NN
at	IN
this	DT
scenario	NN
?	.
``	``
Harm	NN
to	TO
one	CD
's	POS
reputation	NN
''	''
must	MD
result	VB
in	IN
some	DT
tangible	JJ
harm	NN
to	TO
the	DT
person	NN
,	,
e.g.	FW
loss	NN
of	IN
money	NN
,	,
business	NN
,	,
or	CC
employment	NN
.	.
A	DT
substantially	RB
true	JJ
statement	NN
may	MD
be	VB
defamatory	JJ
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
incomplete	JJ
and	CC
misleading	JJ
.	.
The	DT
general	JJ
rule	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
no	DT
defamation	NN
is	VBZ
committed	VBN
unless	IN
the	DT
statement	NN
is	VBZ
written	VBN
or	CC
spoken	VBN
to	TO
someone	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
the	DT
person	NN
about	IN
whom	WP
the	DT
statement	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
.	.
This	DT
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
communication	NN
within	IN
a	DT
company	NN
or	CC
institution	NN
or	CC
a	DT
communication	NN
outside	IN
of	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
.	.
Some	DT
courts	NNS
have	VBP
held	VBN
that	IN
if	IN
the	DT
communication	NN
is	VBZ
among	IN
managerial	JJ
personnel	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
organization	NN
and	CC
concerns	NNS
business	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
performance	NN
problems	NNS
of	IN
employees	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
publication	NN
to	TO
a	DT
third	JJ
person	NN
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
,	,
while	IN
the	DT
remarks	NNS
may	MD
still	RB
be	VB
untrue	JJ
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
conditions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
privilege	NN
are	VBP
met	VBN
,	,
the	DT
communicator	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
complete	JJ
defense	NN
against	IN
the	DT
defamation	NN
claim	NN
.	.
A	DT
qualified	JJ
privilege	NN
to	TO
the	DT
communication	NN
exists	VBZ
as	RB
long	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
speaker	NN
makes	VBZ
the	DT
communication	NN
in	IN
good	JJ
faith	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
a	DT
public	JJ
or	CC
private	JJ
duty	NN
,	,
or	CC
legal	JJ
,	,
moral	JJ
,	,
or	CC
social	JJ
obligation	NN
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
,	,
and	CC
as	RB
long	RB
as	IN
the	DT
person	NN
receiving	VBG
the	DT
information	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
corresponding	JJ
duty	NN
or	CC
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
communication	NN
.	.
Some	DT
courts	NNS
have	VBP
held	VBN
that	IN
qualified	VBN
privilege	NN
applies	VBZ
to	TO
personnel	NNS
evaluation	NN
information	NN
or	CC
intra-company	JJ
communications	NNS
regarding	VBG
an	DT
employee	NN
's	POS
fitness	NN
.	.
A	DT
statement	NN
loses	VBZ
its	PRP$
privileged	JJ
character	NN
if	IN
the	DT
communicator	NN
is	VBZ
motivated	VBN
by	IN
ill	RB
will	MD
,	,
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
excessive	JJ
communication	NN
of	IN
the	DT
statement	NN
,	,
or	CC
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
made	VBN
without	IN
grounds	NNS
for	IN
believing	VBG
it	PRP
is	VBZ
true	JJ
.	.
The	DT
issue	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
only	RB
the	DT
factual	JJ
accuracy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
statement	NN
.	.
An	DT
employee	NN
must	MD
also	RB
show	VB
that	IN
substantial	JJ
evidence	NN
exists	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
supervisor	NN
made	VBD
his	PRP$
statements	NNS
without	IN
believing	VBG
them	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
true	JJ
or	CC
that	IN
he	PRP
lacked	VBD
grounds	NNS
for	IN
belief	NN
in	IN
the	DT
truth	NN
of	IN
the	DT
statements	NNS
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
qualified	VBD
privilege	NN
applies	VBZ
when	WRB
a	DT
current	JJ
employer	NN
discloses	VBZ
the	DT
reason	NN
for	IN
an	DT
employee	NN
's	POS
discharge	VBP
to	TO
a	DT
prospective	JJ
employer	NN
,	,
and	CC
when	WRB
a	DT
supervisor	NN
is	VBZ
informed	VBN
of	IN
his\/her	NN
employee	NN
's	POS
improper	JJ
conduct	NN
.	.
The	DT
privilege	NN
may	MD
be	VB
lost	VBN
if	IN
the	DT
defamatory	JJ
communication	NN
reaches	VBZ
people	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
have	VB
a	DT
legitimate	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
subject	NN
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
communication	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
performance	NN
evaluations	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
are	VBP
sent	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
supervisor	NN
to	TO
the	DT
vice	NN
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
division	NN
so	IN
he	PRP
can	MD
make	VB
a	DT
hiring	VBG
decision	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
an	DT
intra-company	JJ
communication	NN
given	VBN
to	TO
an	DT
individual	NN
in	IN
the	DT
company	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
a	DT
legitimate	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
information	NN
.	.
Unless	IN
the	DT
student	NN
can	MD
show	VB
that	IN
there	EX
was	VBD
ill	RB
will	MD
underlying	VBG
the	DT
evaluations-that	NN
the	DT
supervisor	NN
had	VBD
an	DT
ax	NN
to	TO
grind	VB
with	IN
the	DT
student-this	JJ
communication	NN
is	VBZ
qualified	VBN
.	.
Had	VBD
the	DT
supervisor	NN
sent	VBD
these	DT
performance	NN
evaluations	NNS
unsolicited	JJ
to	TO
others	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
company	NN
who	WP
did	VBD
not	RB
request	VB
the	DT
information	NN
or	CC
had	VBD
no	DT
reason	NN
to	TO
obtain	VB
the	DT
information	NN
,	,
qualified	VBD
privilege	NN
would	MD
be	VB
lost	VBN
due	JJ
to	TO
excessive	JJ
publication	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
supervisor	NN
made	VBD
inaccurate	JJ
statements	NNS
,	,
and	CC
verification	NN
for	IN
accuracy	NN
was	VBD
practical	JJ
,	,
then	RB
qualified	VBD
privilege	NN
would	MD
also	RB
be	VB
lost	VBN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
agreement	NN
between	IN
the	DT
school	NN
and	CC
the	DT
employer	NN
specifically	RB
states	VBZ
that	IN
reports	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
progress	NN
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
adviser	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
contractual	JJ
right	NN
to	TO
this	DT
information	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
clear	JJ
under	IN
the	DT
law	NN
whether	IN
the	DT
adviser	NN
should	MD
be	VB
receiving	VBG
these	DT
reports	NNS
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
agreement	NN
for	IN
him	PRP
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
.	.
One	CD
could	MD
argue	VB
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
an	DT
educational	JJ
need	NN
to	TO
know	VB
;	:
that	DT
is	VBZ
,	,
the	DT
adviser	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
this	DT
information	NN
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
the	DT
student	NN
in	IN
her	PRP$
weak	JJ
areas	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
suggest	VBP
that	IN
the	DT
student	NN
be	VB
told	VBN
this	DT
communication	NN
will	MD
occur	VB
and	CC
advised	VBD
of	IN
its	PRP$
purpose	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
clear	JJ
whether	IN
an	DT
adviser	NN
's	POS
reference	NN
to	TO
a	DT
prospective	JJ
employer	NN
would	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
the	DT
same	JJ
qualified	VBN
privilege	NN
as	IN
a	DT
prior	JJ
employer	NN
's	POS
communication	NN
to	TO
a	DT
prospective	JJ
employer	NN
.	.
In	IN
any	DT
event	NN
,	,
the	DT
reference	NN
letter	NN
is	VBZ
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
conditions	NNS
of	IN
qualified	VBN
privilege	NN
.	.
Certainly	RB
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
communicated	VBN
to	TO
other	JJ
individuals	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
good-faith	NN
need	NN
to	TO
know	VB
.	.
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
controlled	VBN
who	WP
would	MD
receive	VB
it	PRP
by	IN
placing	VBG
it	PRP
in	IN
her	PRP$
credential	NN
file	NN
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
different	JJ
if	IN
the	DT
adviser	NN
were	VBD
sending	VBG
the	DT
letter	NN
to	TO
employers	NNS
or	CC
providing	VBG
employers	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
information	NN
indiscriminately	RB
.	.
The	DT
flaw	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
supervisor	NN
's	POS
performance	NN
evaluations	NNS
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
letter	NN
.	.
The	DT
adviser	NN
did	VBD
not	RB
collect	VB
this	DT
information	NN
,	,
nor	CC
did	VBD
he	PRP
make	VB
an	DT
attempt	NN
to	TO
verify	VB
its	PRP$
accuracy	NN
.	.
The	DT
result	NN
could	MD
be	VB
a	DT
loss	NN
of	IN
qualified	VBN
privilege	NN
.	.
The	DT
current	JJ
situation	NN
:	:
Twenty-six	CD
states	NNS
have	VBP
passed	VBN
reference	NN
immunity	NN
legislation	NN
,	,
which	WDT
essentially	RB
provides	VBZ
protection	NN
from	IN
civil	JJ
lawsuits	NNS
against	IN
employers	NNS
who	WP
provide	VBP
references	NNS
on	IN
former	JJ
employees	NNS
.	.
Individuals	NNS
other	JJ
than	IN
employers	NNS
who	WP
provide	VBP
references	NNS
must	MD
rely	VB
on	IN
the	DT
common	JJ
law	NN
defenses-truth	NN
or	CC
qualified	VBN
privilege-against	JJ
charges	NNS
of	IN
defamation	NN
.	.
Evaluations	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
performance	NN
,	,
whether	IN
at	IN
work	NN
or	CC
in	IN
the	DT
classroom	NN
,	,
are	VBP
an	DT
integral	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
world	NN
of	IN
work	NN
and	CC
education	NN
.	.
Communication	NNP
of	IN
this	DT
information	NN
is	VBZ
necessary	JJ
and	CC
appropriate	JJ
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
nothing	NN
illegal	JJ
about	IN
using	VBG
this	DT
information	NN
and	CC
communicating	VBG
it	PRP
to	TO
individuals	NNS
who	WP
need	VBP
it	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
employment	NN
decisions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
caveat	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
the	DT
information	NN
is	VBZ
correct	JJ
and	CC
disclosed	VBD
only	RB
to	TO
those	DT
individuals	NNS
who	WP
need	VBP
to	TO
know	VB
.	.
The	DT
answers	NNS
to	TO
these	DT
questions	NNS
lie	VBP
in	IN
another	DT
set	NN
of	IN
questions	NNS
:	:
Who	WP
will	MD
see	VB
this	DT
information	NN
?	.
Is	VBZ
that	IN
person	NN
entitled	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
information	NN
?	.
What	WP
is	VBZ
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
information	NN
?	.
Is	VBZ
the	DT
information	NN
accurate	JJ
?	.
Is	VBZ
the	DT
information	NN
misleading	VBG
?	.
A	DT
statement	NN
also	RB
loses	VBZ
its	PRP$
privileged	JJ
character	NN
if	IN
the	DT
communicator	NN
is	VBZ
motivated	VBN
by	IN
ill	RB
will	MD
,	,
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
excessive	JJ
communication	NN
of	IN
the	DT
statement	NN
,	,
or	CC
ifthe	JJ
statement	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
without	IN
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
belief	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
true	JJ
.	.
For	IN
a	DT
statement	NN
to	TO
be	VB
defamatory	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
shown	VBN
that	IN
substantial	JJ
evidence	NN
exists	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
supervisor	NN
knowingly	RB
lied	VBD
or	CC
had	VBD
no	DT
idea	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
reckless	JJ
disregard	NN
for	IN
the	DT
truth	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
whether	IN
the	DT
statement	NN
was	VBD
true	JJ
.	.
Reference	NNP
letters	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
communicated	VBN
in	IN
good	JJ
faith	NN
to	TO
other	JJ
individuals	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
need	NN
to	TO
know	VB
.	.
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
controlled	VBN
who	WP
would	MD
receive	VB
it	PRP
by	IN
placing	VBG
it	PRP
in	IN
her	PRP$
credential	NN
file	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
adviser	NN
can	MD
not	RB
provide	VB
employers	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
information	NN
indiscriminately	RB
.	.
Reference	NNP
providers	NNS
who	WP
become	VBP
concerned	JJ
about	IN
defamation	NN
liability	NN
may	MD
fall	VB
into	IN
another	DT
trap	NN
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
overcompensate	VB
and	CC
provide	VB
a	DT
glowing	JJ
reference	NN
,	,
when	WRB
in	IN
fact	NN
the	DT
student	NN
may	MD
have	VB
done	VBN
something	NN
wrong	JJ
or	CC
been	VBN
a	DT
problem	NN
performer	NN
.	.
The	DT
court	NN
found	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
reference	NN
should	MD
give	VB
the	DT
complete	JJ
picture	NN
,	,
especially	RB
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
good	JJ
reason	NN
to	TO
believe	VB
that	IN
the	DT
prospective	JJ
employee	NN
will	MD
cause	VB
physical	JJ
harm	NN
to	TO
others	NNS
.	.
The	DT
alternative	NN
,	,
the	DT
court	NN
said	VBD
,	,
is	VBZ
to	TO
refuse	VB
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
reference	NN
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
providing	VBG
references	NNS
for	IN
only	RB
certain	JJ
individuals	NNS
based	VBN
upon	IN
race	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
sex	NN
,	,
national	JJ
origin	NN
,	,
disability	NN
,	,
or	CC
religion	NN
,	,
will	MD
expose	VB
the	DT
reference	NN
provider	NN
to	TO
potential	JJ
liability	NN
.	.
Individuals	NNS
who	WP
provide	VBP
references	NNS
that	WDT
seem	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
generally	RB
positive	JJ
for	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
certain	JJ
groups	NNS
and	CC
generally	RB
negative	JJ
for	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
other	JJ
groups	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
consistent	JJ
basis	NN
could	MD
be	VB
liable	JJ
for	IN
discrimination	NN
.	.
Prospective	JJ
employers	NNS
requesting	VBG
information	NN
should	MD
not	RB
ask	VB
for	IN
information	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
could	MD
not	RB
request	VB
from	IN
the	DT
job	NN
applicant	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
prospective	JJ
employer	NN
may	MD
ask	VB
questions	NNS
regarding	VBG
dependability	NN
,	,
absentee	NN
record	NN
,	,
and	CC
use	NN
of	IN
drugs\/alcohol	NN
on	IN
the	DT
job	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
position	NN
involves	VBZ
the	DT
safety	NN
and	CC
security	NN
of	IN
others	NNS
,	,
questions	NNS
pertaining	VBG
to	TO
violent	JJ
behaviors	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
asked	VBN
.	.
Note	NN
:	:
The	DT
following	VBG
text	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
guide	VB
your	PRP$
students	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
dealings	NNS
with	IN
third-party	JJ
recruiters	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
college	NN
members	NNS
can	MD
reprint	VB
or	CC
adapt	VB
this	DT
text	NN
in	IN
a	DT
printed	VBN
publication	NN
or	CC
on	IN
their	PRP$
web	NN
sites	NNS
without	IN
seeking	VBG
reprint	VB
permission	NN
.	.
All	DT
others	NNS
should	MD
contact	VB
Claudia	NNP
Allen	NNP
at	IN
callen@naceweb.org	NNP
.	.
Employment	NNP
Agencies	NNPS
:	:
Employment	NNP
agencies	NNS
list	NN
positions	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
organizations	NNS
and	CC
receive	VBP
payment	NN
when	WRB
a	DT
referred	VBN
candidate	NN
is	VBZ
hired	VBN
.	.
The	DT
fee	NN
for	IN
listing	VBG
a	DT
position	NN
is	VBZ
paid	VBN
either	RB
by	IN
the	DT
firm	NN
listing	VBG
the	DT
opening	NN
or	CC
by	IN
the	DT
candidate	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
hired	VBN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
job	NN
listing	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
include	VB
the	DT
phrase	NN
``	``
fee	NN
paid	VBN
,	,
''	''
be	VB
sure	JJ
to	TO
ask	VB
who	WP
pays	VBZ
the	DT
fee	NN
before	IN
signing	VBG
any	DT
papers	NNS
.	.
Search	NNP
Firms	NNPS
:	:
A	DT
search	NN
firm	NN
contracts	NNS
with	IN
employers	NNS
to	TO
find	VB
and	CC
screen	VB
qualified	VBN
persons	NNS
to	TO
fill	VB
specific	JJ
positions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
fee	NN
is	VBZ
paid	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
Search	NN
firm	NN
representatives	NNS
will	MD
identify	VB
the	DT
employer	NN
they	PRP
represent	VBP
.	.
Resume	VB
Referral	NNP
Firms	NNPS
:	:
A	DT
resume	VB
referral	NN
firm	NN
collects	VBZ
information	NN
on	IN
job	NN
seekers	NNS
and	CC
forwards	RB
it	PRP
to	TO
prospective	JJ
employers	NNS
.	.
Data	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
contained	VBN
in	IN
resumes	NNS
or	CC
on	IN
data	NNS
forms	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
either	CC
paper	NN
or	CC
electronic	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
employer	NN
,	,
job	NN
seeker	NN
,	,
or	CC
both	DT
may	MD
pay	VB
fees	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
must	MD
give	VB
the	DT
firm	NN
written	VBN
permission	NN
to	TO
pass	VB
your	PRP$
resume	VB
to	TO
employers	NNS
.	.
Your	PRP$
permission	NN
should	MD
include	VB
a	DT
statement	NN
that	WDT
expressly	RB
states	VBZ
to	TO
whom	WP
and	CC
for	IN
what	WP
purpose	NN
the	DT
information	NN
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
.	.
How	WRB
many	JJ
job	NN
openings	NNS
are	VBP
there	RB
for	IN
someone	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
field	NN
?	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
opportunity	NN
,	,
inquire	VBP
about	IN
the	DT
positions	NNS
being	VBG
filled	VBN
or	CC
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
openings	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
your	PRP$
field	NN
.	.
These	DT
are	VBP
important	JJ
questions	NNS
because	IN
,	,
in	IN
some	DT
instances	NNS
,	,
recruiters	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
really	RB
have	VB
the	DT
type	NN
or	CC
number	NN
of	IN
openings	NNS
they	PRP
advertise	VBP
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
more	RBR
interested	JJ
in	IN
adding	VBG
your	PRP$
name	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
candidate	NN
pool	NN
as	IN
a	DT
means	NN
of	IN
attracting	VBG
more	JJR
employers	NNS
or	CC
clients	NNS
to	TO
their	PRP$
services	NNS
.	.
Or	CC
they	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
collecting	VBG
resumes	NNS
from	IN
students	NNS
for	IN
potential	JJ
job	NN
opportunities	NNS
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Name	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
institution\/career	NN
center	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
does	VBZ
not	RB
allow	VB
third-party	JJ
recruiters	NNS
to	TO
interview	VB
students	NNS
unless	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
trying	VBG
to	TO
fill	VB
actual	JJ
job	NN
openings	NNS
.	.
How	WRB
is	VBZ
this	DT
information	NN
being	VBG
used	VBN
?	.
A	DT
third-party	JJ
recruiter	NN
is	VBZ
allowed	VBN
legally	RB
to	TO
share	VB
your	PRP$
resume	VB
with	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
employer	NN
for	IN
positions	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
actually	RB
seeking	VBG
.	.
The	DT
recruiter	NN
must	MD
tell	VB
you	PRP
,	,
in	IN
clear	JJ
terms	NNS
,	,
that	IN
your	PRP$
materials	NNS
and	CC
information	NN
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
shared	VBN
outside	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
or	CC
used	VBN
for	IN
any	DT
purpose	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
with	IN
the	DT
company	NN
they	PRP
represent	VBP
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
they	PRP
interview	VBP
you	PRP
.	.
The	DT
third-party	JJ
recruiter	NN
can	MD
not	RB
sell	VB
your	PRP$
information	NN
to	TO
anyone	NN
else	RB
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
choose	VB
to	TO
authorize	VB
the	DT
recruiter	NN
to	TO
share	VB
your	PRP$
data	NNS
elsewhere	RB
,	,
but	CC
your	PRP$
authorization	NN
should	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
recruiter	NN
in	IN
writing	VBG
.	.
Are	VBP
candidates	NNS
treated	VBD
equally	RB
and	CC
fairly	RB
?	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
qualified	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
job	NN
opportunity	NN
,	,
the	DT
third-party	JJ
recruiter	NN
must	MD
pass	VB
your	PRP$
information	NN
to	TO
employers	NNS
without	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
race	NN
,	,
color	NN
,	,
national	JJ
origin	NN
,	,
religion	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
gender	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
orientation	NN
,	,
or	CC
disability	NN
.	.
Over	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
10	CD
years	NNS
college	NN
recruiting	NN
has	VBZ
undergone	VBN
almost	RB
revolutionary	JJ
changes	NNS
as	IN
electronic	JJ
tools	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
web	NN
sites	NNS
,	,
resume	VB
data	NNS
bases	NNS
,	,
job	NN
listing	NN
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
applicant	NN
tracking	NN
systems	NNS
have	VBP
become	VBN
imbedded	JJ
throughout	IN
every	DT
aspect	NN
of	IN
the	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
process	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
widening	VBG
gap	NN
between	IN
employer	NN
practices	NNS
that	WDT
respond	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
key	JJ
values	NNS
of	IN
productivity	NN
and	CC
efficiency	NN
,	,
and	CC
student	NN
expectations	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
should	MD
engage	VB
them	PRP
in	IN
a	DT
personalized	VBN
manner	NN
consistent	JJ
with	IN
their	PRP$
unique	JJ
potential	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
'	POS
opinions	NNS
of	IN
employers	NNS
are	VBP
greatly	RB
shaped	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
treatment	NN
they	PRP
receive	VBP
during	IN
the	DT
application	NN
and	CC
hiring	VBG
processes	NNS
.	.
These	DT
college	NN
students	NNS
want	VBP
personal	JJ
attention	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
not	RB
currently	RB
met	VBN
by	IN
job-search	JJ
boards	NNS
or	CC
through	IN
online	JJ
applications	NNS
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
this	DT
,	,
growing	VBG
numbers	NNS
of	IN
college	NN
students	NNS
purposely	RB
avoid	VBP
certain	JJ
employers	NNS
due	JJ
to	TO
their	PRP$
negative	JJ
opinions	NNS
of	IN
recruitment	NN
techniques	NNS
.	.
The	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
web-based	JJ
survey	NN
of	IN
college	NN
recruiters	NNS
that	WDT
was	VBD
developed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Committee	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
see	VB
appendix	NN
for	IN
detailed	JJ
summary	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
strongly	RB
reinforce	VB
the	DT
central	JJ
place	NN
of	IN
electronic	JJ
recruiting	NN
on	IN
today	NN
's	POS
college	NN
campus	NN
.	.
Employers	NNS
overall	JJ
were	VBD
most	RBS
interested	JJ
in	IN
using	VBG
technology	NN
to	TO
promote	VB
current	JJ
job	NN
openings	NNS
,	,
create	VBP
an	DT
overall	JJ
recruiting	NN
brand	NN
,	,
and	CC
communicate	VBP
information	NN
about	IN
typical	JJ
job	NN
openings	NNS
to	TO
prospective	JJ
candidates	NNS
.	.
Nationally-focused	JJ
recruiters	NNS
overall	JJ
indicated	VBD
that	IN
they	PRP
thought	VBD
electronic	JJ
recruiting	NN
was	VBD
more	RBR
important	JJ
to	TO
their	PRP$
recruitment	NN
efforts	NNS
than	IN
did	VBD
locally	RB
focused	VBN
recruiters	NNS
.	.
Locally	RB
focused	VBN
recruiters	NNS
said	VBD
they	PRP
valued	VBD
having	VBG
typical	JJ
job	NN
descriptions	NNS
available	JJ
for	IN
prospective	JJ
candidates	NNS
more	RBR
than	IN
national	JJ
recruiters	NNS
did	VBD
.	.
Overall	RB
,	,
employers	NNS
reported	VBD
they	PRP
had	VBD
the	DT
most	RBS
success	NN
in	IN
providing	VBG
listings	NNS
of	IN
current	JJ
openings	NNS
,	,
creating	VBG
an	DT
overall	JJ
recruiting	NN
brand	NN
,	,
and	CC
providing	VBG
background	NN
information	NN
about	IN
their	PRP$
organizations	NNS
to	TO
candidates	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
online	JJ
The	DT
survey	NN
illustrated	VBD
that	IN
several	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
electronic	JJ
recruiting	NN
have	VBP
posed	VBN
overall	JJ
challenges	NNS
to	TO
employers	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
developing	VBG
applicant	NN
data	NNS
bases	NNS
for	IN
future	JJ
openings	NNS
,	,
creating	VBG
applicant	NN
tracking	NN
systems	NNS
,	,
encouraging	VBG
candidates	NNS
to	TO
reapply	VB
for	IN
future	JJ
openings	NNS
,	,
and	CC
managing	VBG
their	PRP$
overall	JJ
recruiting	NN
brand	NN
.	.
National	NNP
recruiters	NNS
were	VBD
more	RBR
likely	JJ
to	TO
encounter	VB
brand	NN
management	NN
challenges	NNS
than	IN
local	JJ
recruiters	NNS
,	,
while	IN
local	JJ
recruiters	NNS
found	VBD
developing	VBG
applicant	NN
data	NNS
bases	NNS
for	IN
future	JJ
openings	NNS
and	CC
applicant	NN
tracking	NN
posed	VBD
more	RBR
difficulty	NN
than	IN
did	VBD
the	DT
national	JJ
recruiters	NNS
.	.
Local	JJ
recruiters	NNS
reported	VBD
having	VBG
a	DT
higher	JJR
level	NN
of	IN
success	NN
in	IN
managing	VBG
their	PRP$
recruiting	NN
brand	NN
than	IN
national	JJ
employers	NNS
,	,
while	IN
national	JJ
recruiters	NNS
reported	VBD
greater	JJR
success	NN
with	IN
online	JJ
application	NN
systems	NNS
than	IN
local	JJ
recruiters	NNS
.	.
Recruiters	NNS
reported	VBD
five	CD
challenges	NNS
they	PRP
had	VBD
most	RBS
often	RB
``	``
effectively	RB
mastered	VBN
,	,
''	''
including	VBG
three	CD
of	IN
these	DT
concerns	NNS
:	:
integrating	VBG
electronic	JJ
and	CC
overall	JJ
college	NN
recruiting	NN
,	,
managing	VBG
applicant	NN
volume	NN
,	,
and	CC
effective	JJ
and	CC
timely	JJ
applicant	NN
screening	NN
.	.
Several	JJ
sources	NNS
reinforce	VBP
that	IN
students	NNS
are	VBP
increasingly	RB
concerned	VBN
that	IN
electronic	JJ
recruiting	NN
strategies	NNS
are	VBP
impersonal	JJ
and	CC
do	VB
not	RB
satisfy	VB
their	PRP$
needs	NNS
for	IN
human	JJ
interaction	NN
in	IN
the	DT
initial	JJ
recruiting	NN
process	NN
.	.
Technological	JJ
advances	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
online	JJ
applications	NNS
,	,
video	NN
conferencing	NN
,	,
and	CC
e-mail	NN
have	VBP
changed	VBN
the	DT
ways	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
employers	NNS
interact	VBP
with	IN
students	NNS
.	.
Although	IN
millennial	JJ
college	NN
students	NNS
are	VBP
comfortable	JJ
with	IN
technology	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
everyday	JJ
life	NN
,	,
one	CD
can	MD
not	RB
assume	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
want	VBP
technology	NN
to	TO
rule	VB
their	PRP$
job	NN
search	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
generation	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
accustomed	VBN
to	TO
being	VBG
told	VBN
,	,
``	``
you	PRP
're	VBP
special	JJ
.	.
''	''
They	PRP
have	VBP
established	VBN
close	JJ
relationships	NNS
with	IN
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
encouraged	VBN
their	PRP$
need	NN
for	IN
individual	JJ
attention	NN
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
Millenials	NNP
Rising	VBG
,	,
the	DT
Next	JJ
Great	NNP
Generation	NNP
by	IN
Neil	NNP
Howe	NNP
and	CC
Richard	NNP
Strauss	NNP
,	,
millenials	NNS
have	VBP
always	RB
felt	VBN
themselves	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
the	DT
focus	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
attention	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
career	NN
centers	NNS
have	VBP
seen	VBN
this	DT
issue	NN
evident	JJ
in	IN
greater	JJR
student	NN
demand	NN
for	IN
individual	JJ
appointments	NNS
.	.
The	DT
question	NN
is	VBZ
,	,
will	MD
this	DT
group	NN
be	VB
satisfied	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
moving	VBG
toward	IN
a	DT
focus	NN
on	IN
employer	NN
productivity	NN
and	CC
efficiency	NN
?	.
A	DT
student	NN
survey	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Scott	NNP
Resources	NNP
Group	NNP
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
rated	VBN
none	NN
of	IN
the	DT
typical	JJ
electronic	JJ
tools	NNS
with	IN
over	IN
a	DT
50	CD
percent	NN
rating	NN
,	,
and	CC
singled	VBD
out	RP
video	JJ
conferencing	NN
,	,
job	NN
search	NN
boards	NNS
,	,
and	CC
online	NN
application	NN
processes	VBZ
as	IN
particularly	RB
troubling	VBG
to	TO
students	NNS
,	,
with	IN
respective	JJ
negative	JJ
ratings	NNS
of	IN
91	CD
percent	NN
,	,
84	CD
percent	NN
,	,
and	CC
72	CD
percent	NN
.	.
This	DT
shows	VBZ
that	IN
technology	NN
is	VBZ
appreciated	VBN
by	IN
students	NNS
when	WRB
used	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
context	NN
of	IN
a	DT
personal	JJ
connection	NN
with	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
.	.
When	WRB
receiving	VBG
personal	JJ
e-mail	NN
from	IN
a	DT
representative	NN
of	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
,	,
students	NNS
feel	VBP
valued	VBN
as	IN
individuals	NNS
.	.
This	DT
kind	NN
of	IN
attention	NN
gives	VBZ
the	DT
student	NN
an	DT
initial	JJ
positive	JJ
opinion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
company	NN
culture	NN
.	.
When	WRB
students	NNS
are	VBP
treated	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
generic	JJ
way	NN
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
concerned	VBN
that	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
the	DT
way	NN
the	DT
employer	NN
would	MD
treat	VB
them	PRP
as	IN
employees	NNS
.	.
Dave	NNP
Lefkow	NNP
of	IN
TMP	NNP
Worldwide	NNP
suggests	VBZ
that	IN
companies	NNS
use	VBP
technology	NN
to	TO
personalize	VB
the	DT
process	NN
.	.
They	PRP
should	MD
avoid	VB
the	DT
``	``
go	VB
to	TO
our	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
''	''
philosophy	NN
used	VBN
by	IN
some	DT
employers	NNS
at	IN
career	NN
fairs	NNS
.	.
Instead	RB
,	,
Lefkow	NNP
suggests	VBZ
using	VBG
the	DT
company	NN
web	NN
site	NN
to	TO
help	VB
establish	VB
the	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
brand	NN
and	CC
give	VB
job	NN
seekers	NNS
an	DT
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
work	NN
environment	NN
.	.
The	DT
employer	NN
must	MD
then	RB
follow	VB
up	RP
with	IN
some	DT
high-touch	JJ
techniques	NNS
to	TO
reinforce	VB
this	DT
brand	NN
.	.
To	TO
explore	VB
these	DT
issues	NNS
further	RBR
,	,
the	DT
Committee	NNP
conducted	VBD
student	NN
focus	NN
groups	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
cross	NN
section	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
from	IN
Clark	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
a	DT
small	JJ
New	NNP
England	NNP
liberal	JJ
arts	NNS
college	NN
.	.
Participating	VBG
students	NNS
represented	VBD
a	DT
broad	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
academic	JJ
disciplines	NNS
and	CC
had	VBD
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
career	NN
interests	NNS
.	.
While	IN
many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
undergraduate	JJ
and	CC
graduate	JJ
students	NNS
recognized	VBD
the	DT
value	NN
of	IN
information	NN
access	NN
afforded	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Internet	NNP
in	IN
their	PRP$
job	NN
searches	NNS
,	,
many	JJ
also	RB
complained	VBD
of	IN
the	DT
dehumanizing	JJ
nature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
electronic	JJ
recruitment	NN
process	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
also	RB
commented	VBD
about	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
time	NN
required	VBN
to	TO
complete	VB
online	JJ
applications	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
generic	JJ
nature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
response	NN
or	CC
lack	NN
of	IN
any	DT
follow-up	JJ
or	CC
feedback	NN
.	.
Some	DT
students	NNS
expressed	VBD
concern	NN
that	IN
the	DT
applicant	NN
could	MD
not	RB
ever	RB
really	RB
get	VB
a	DT
good	JJ
feel	NN
for	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
and	CC
that	IN
face-to-face	JJ
contact	NN
with	IN
people	NNS
is	VBZ
the	DT
best	JJS
way	NN
to	TO
convey	VB
the	DT
organizations	NNS
'	POS
values	NNS
.	.
One	CD
student	NN
argued	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
could	MD
be	VB
outlined	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
web	NN
site	NN
so	RB
that	IN
individuals	NNS
would	MD
understand	VB
when	WRB
and	CC
how	WRB
they	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
contacted	VBN
.	.
Another	DT
participant	NN
suggested	VBD
that	IN
instead	RB
of	IN
a	DT
job	NN
seeker	NN
receiving	VBG
a	DT
generic	JJ
e-mail	NN
automatically	RB
generated	VBD
from	IN
a	DT
department	NN
,	,
the	DT
applicant	NN
could	MD
receive	VB
a	DT
personal	JJ
e-mail	NN
enabling	VBG
the	DT
applicant	NN
to	TO
feel	VB
closer	JJR
to	TO
the	DT
company	NN
and	CC
more	JJR
in	IN
control	NN
of	IN
the	DT
selection	NN
process	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
focus	NN
group	NN
participants	NNS
believe	VBP
companies	NNS
that	WDT
did	VBD
not	RB
post	JJ
job	NN
opportunities	NNS
on	IN
their	PRP$
company	NN
web	NN
sites	NNS
,	,
but	CC
do	VBP
offer	VB
online	JJ
applications	NNS
,	,
should	MD
include	VB
a	DT
step	NN
called	VBD
a	DT
``	``
preliminary	JJ
inquiry	NN
.	.
''	''
In	IN
this	DT
inquiry	NN
,	,
an	DT
applicant	NN
would	MD
briefly	RB
describe	VB
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
background	NN
and	CC
goals	NNS
.	.
The	DT
employer	NN
would	MD
return	VB
an	DT
e-mail	NN
encouraging	VBG
the	DT
job	NN
seeker	NN
to	TO
complete	VB
the	DT
application	NN
or	CC
tell	VB
the	DT
job	NN
seeker	NN
that	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
skills\/interests	NNS
were	VBD
n't	RB
currently	RB
a	DT
match	NN
for	IN
the	DT
company	NN
.	.
The	DT
topic	NN
of	IN
web	NN
site	NN
content	NN
validity	NN
came	VBD
up	RP
again	RB
and	CC
again	RB
with	IN
the	DT
focus	NN
group	NN
.	.
Dates	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
job	NN
descriptions	NNS
and	CC
openings	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
revisited	VBN
frequently	RB
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
the	DT
candidates	NNS
have	VBP
the	DT
most	RBS
up-to-date	JJ
information	NN
.	.
The	DT
focus	NN
group	NN
participants	NNS
reinforced	VBD
the	DT
need	NN
that	WDT
valuable	JJ
time	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
spent	VBN
on	IN
both	DT
sides	NNS
:	:
applying	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
jobs	NNS
and	CC
responding	VBG
to	TO
those	DT
who	WP
have	VBP
shared	VBN
their	PRP$
time	NN
,	,
skills	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
personal	JJ
information	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
application	NN
process	NN
.	.
Right	RB
now	RB
the	DT
perception	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
electronic	JJ
recruitment	NN
process	NN
is	VBZ
one-sided	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
clear	JJ
that	IN
both	DT
employers	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
have	VBP
solidly-formed	JJ
opinions	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
electronic	JJ
recruitment	NN
.	.
Employers	NNS
are	VBP
primarily	RB
concerned	VBN
with	IN
productivity	NN
and	CC
efficiency	NN
while	IN
students	NNS
expect	VBP
a	DT
more	RBR
personalized	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
This	DT
provides	VBZ
the	DT
college	NN
career	NN
center	NN
with	IN
a	DT
prime	JJ
opportunity	NN
to	TO
add	VB
value	NN
as	IN
they	PRP
help	VBP
employers	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
connect	VBP
with	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
job-search	JJ
process	NN
.	.
While	IN
traditional	JJ
recruitment	NN
methods	NNS
have	VBP
relied	VBN
heavily	RB
on	IN
career	NN
center	NN
involvement	NN
to	TO
succeed	VB
,	,
some	DT
have	VBP
suggested	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
emerging	VBG
recruiting	NN
technology	NN
allows	VBZ
for	IN
a	DT
diminished	JJ
role	NN
for	IN
college	NN
career	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
with	IN
employers	NNS
marketing	VBG
themselves	PRP
directly	RB
to	TO
students	NNS
.	.
Learning	NNP
Resources	NNPS
Inc.	NNP
,	,
suggested	VBD
``	``
a	DT
career	NN
center	NN
may	MD
offer	VB
the	DT
student	NN
useful	JJ
training	NN
in	IN
interviewing	VBG
or	CC
help	VB
them	PRP
discuss	VB
choices	NNS
,	,
but	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
contact	NN
with	IN
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
really	RB
not	RB
necessary	JJ
for	IN
corporate	JJ
recruiters	NNS
.	.
''	''
Wheeler	NNP
asserts	VBZ
that	IN
traditional	JJ
on-campus	JJ
recruiting	NN
is	VBZ
expensive	JJ
and	CC
inefficient	JJ
.	.
He	PRP
sees	VBZ
the	DT
role	NN
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
as	IN
changing	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
``	``
gatekeeper	NN
to	TO
the	DT
corporation	NN
''	''
to	TO
a	DT
provider	NN
of	IN
career	NN
development	NN
counseling	NN
.	.
''	''
According	VBG
to	TO
Wheeler	NNP
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
can	MD
assist	VB
students	NNS
in	IN
adapting	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
changing	VBG
nature	NN
of	IN
recruitment	NN
by	IN
providing	VBG
them	PRP
with	IN
online	NN
tools	NNS
and	CC
instructing	VBG
them	PRP
on	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
conduct	VB
a	DT
job	NN
search	NN
using	VBG
technology	NN
.	.
Wheeler	NNP
suggests	VBZ
that	IN
employers	NNS
maintain	VBP
a	DT
connection	NN
with	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
acknowledges	VBZ
that	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
have	VBP
an	DT
influence	NN
on	IN
student	NN
opinion	NN
.	.
He	PRP
maintains	VBZ
a	DT
positive	JJ
relationship	NN
between	IN
employer	NN
and	CC
career	NN
center	NN
can	MD
help	VB
the	DT
employer	NN
maintain	VBP
a	DT
presence	NN
on	IN
campus	NN
,	,
albeit	IN
a	DT
virtual	JJ
one	CD
.	.
The	DT
gap	NN
between	IN
the	DT
efficiency	NN
demands	NNS
on	IN
employers	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
personalization	NN
expectations	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
suggests	VBZ
a	DT
better	JJR
alternative	NN
to	TO
Wheeler	NNP
's	POS
recommendations	NNS
.	.
Electronic	JJ
recruitment	NN
tools	NNS
promise	VBP
greater	JJR
efficiency	NN
in	IN
executing	VBG
the	DT
large	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
transactions	NNS
imbedded	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
process	NN
,	,
and	CC
thus	RB
provide	VB
effective	JJ
ways	NNS
to	TO
collect	VB
and	CC
disseminate	VB
resumes	NNS
,	,
post	NN
information	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
current	JJ
openings	NNS
,	,
provide	VBP
background	NN
information	NN
on	IN
employers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
schedule	NN
interviews	NNS
.	.
The	DT
emergence	NN
of	IN
sophisticated	JJ
tools	NNS
in	IN
these	DT
areas	NNS
over	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
10	CD
years	NNS
does	VBZ
not	RB
replace	VB
the	DT
need	NN
to	TO
build	VB
long-term	JJ
recruiting	NN
relationships	NNS
between	IN
employers	NNS
and	CC
schools	NNS
,	,
since	IN
these	DT
relationships	NNS
are	VBP
critical	JJ
to	TO
success	NN
in	IN
the	DT
highly	RB
competitive	JJ
market	NN
that	IN
all	DT
demographic	JJ
predictions	NNS
describe	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
upcoming	JJ
decade	NN
.	.
As	IN
electronic	JJ
recruiting	NN
tools	NNS
have	VBP
become	VBN
standard	JJ
,	,
career	NN
centers	NNS
are	VBP
challenged	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
students	NNS
understand	VB
how	WRB
employers	NNS
are	VBP
using	VBG
these	DT
tools	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
especially	RB
important	JJ
to	TO
address	VB
students	NNS
'	POS
inaccurate	JJ
or	CC
counterproductive	JJ
assumptions	NNS
that	WDT
could	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
unnecessary	JJ
barriers	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
job-search	JJ
process	NN
.	.
This	DT
also	RB
includes	VBZ
addressing	VBG
the	DT
privacy	NN
issues	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
subject	NN
of	IN
another	DT
white	JJ
paper	NN
written	VBN
by	IN
this	DT
committee	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Likewise	RB
,	,
career	NN
centers	NNS
should	MD
help	VB
employers	NNS
understand	VB
how	WRB
their	PRP$
electronic	JJ
recruiting	NN
practices	NNS
potentially	RB
function	VBP
to	TO
create	VB
such	JJ
barriers	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
developing	VBG
partnerships	NNS
with	IN
employers	NNS
to	TO
minimize	VB
such	JJ
barriers	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
take	VB
advantage	NN
of	IN
the	DT
network	NN
of	IN
faculty	NN
,	,
staff	NN
,	,
and	CC
alumni	NNS
resources	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
so	RB
critical	JJ
in	IN
an	DT
effectively	RB
operating	VBG
recruiting	NN
program	NN
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
both	DT
employers	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
are	VBP
concerned	VBN
about	IN
using	VBG
electronic	JJ
recruiting	NN
to	TO
personalize	VB
rather	RB
than	IN
depersonalize	VB
the	DT
recruiting	NN
process	NN
.	.
This	DT
offers	VBZ
a	DT
key	JJ
opportunity	NN
for	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
concrete	JJ
,	,
clear	JJ
interventions	NNS
that	WDT
help	VBP
both	DT
of	IN
these	DT
key	JJ
constituents	NNS
understand	VBP
each	DT
other	JJ
's	POS
perspectives	NNS
and	CC
communicate	VBP
effectively	RB
across	IN
this	DT
gap	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
likely	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
greatest	JJS
ongoing	JJ
challenges	NNS
as	IN
electronic	JJ
recruiting	NN
technology	NN
expands	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
presents	VBZ
the	DT
best	JJS
opportunity	NN
for	IN
colleges	NNS
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
key	JJ
recruiters	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
them	PRP
understand	VB
,	,
manage	VB
,	,
and	CC
respond	VB
to	TO
student	NN
expectations	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
interesting	JJ
to	TO
note	VB
that	IN
in	IN
the	DT
committee	NN
's	POS
survey	NN
of	IN
employers	NNS
,	,
recruiters	NNS
who	WP
indicated	VBD
success	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
online	JJ
application	NN
process	NN
specifically	RB
stated	VBD
that	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
``	``
strict	JJ
online	NN
philosophy	NN
''	''
and	CC
they	PRP
``	``
do	VBP
n't	RB
accept	VB
resumes	NNS
.	.
''	''
Conversely	RB
,	,
a	DT
recruiter	NN
who	WP
indicated	VBD
her	PRP$
organization	NN
was	VBD
experiencing	VBG
challenges	NNS
with	IN
its	PRP$
online	JJ
applications	NNS
process	NN
stated	VBD
that	IN
because	RB
,	,
``	``
all	DT
applicants	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
apply	VB
online	NN
,	,
we	PRP
still	RB
must	MD
maintain	VB
a	DT
file	NN
of	IN
paper	NN
resumes	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
are	VBP
not	RB
so	RB
easily	RB
sorted	VBD
.	.
''	''
These	DT
examples	NNS
emphasize	VBP
the	DT
challenges	NNS
implicit	JJ
in	IN
moving	VBG
to	TO
an	DT
electronic	JJ
application	NN
process	NN
.	.
Although	IN
the	DT
process	NN
can	MD
be	VB
more	RBR
effective	JJ
when	WRB
employers	NNS
solely	RB
use	VBP
an	DT
online	JJ
application	NN
system	NN
,	,
recruiters	NNS
noted	VBD
the	DT
applicants	NNS
'	POS
desire	NN
for	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
personal	JJ
approach	NN
indicating	VBG
that	IN
,	,
``	``
Many	JJ
candidates	NNS
reply	VBP
to	TO
a	DT
personal	JJ
e-mail	NN
but	CC
fail	VBP
to	TO
submit	VB
to	TO
our	PRP$
online	JJ
employment	NN
data	NNS
base	NN
''	''
and	CC
``	``
The	DT
most	RBS
difficult	JJ
thing	NN
is	VBZ
getting	VBG
people	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
web	NN
site	NN
to	TO
apply	VB
.	.
They	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
send	VB
resumes	NNS
,	,
not	RB
search	NN
for	IN
jobs	NNS
.	.
''	''
The	DT
overlap	VBP
suggests	VBZ
that	IN
these	DT
challenges	NNS
may	MD
define	VB
a	DT
shared	JJ
space	NN
where	WRB
best	JJS
practices	NNS
are	VBP
both	DT
critical	JJ
and	CC
emerging	VBG
.	.
It	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
particularly	RB
fruitful	JJ
to	TO
focus	VB
on	IN
these	DT
challenges	NNS
in	IN
conference	NN
presentations	NNS
,	,
networking	VBG
activities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
future	JJ
research	NN
.	.
Even	RB
given	VBN
the	DT
limitations	NNS
of	IN
self-reported	JJ
success	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
clear	JJ
that	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
successful	JJ
examples	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
a	DT
few	JJ
less	JJR
than	IN
successful	JJ
ventures	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
related	VBN
to	TO
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
aspects	NNS
examined	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
survey	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
critical	JJ
for	IN
NACE	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
regional	JJ
ACEs	NNS
to	TO
facilitate	VB
and	CC
support	VB
an	DT
ongoing	JJ
dialogue	NN
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
share	VB
best	JJS
practices	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
for	IN
employers	NNS
,	,
colleges	NNS
,	,
and	CC
students	NNS
to	TO
benefit	VB
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
from	IN
this	DT
technological	JJ
investment	NN
.	.
Some	DT
colleges	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
responding	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
expansion	NN
of	IN
electronic	JJ
recruiting	NN
by	IN
de-emphasizing	VBG
employer	NN
relations	NNS
activities	NNS
and	CC
responsibilities	NNS
,	,
while	IN
others	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
returning	VBG
to	TO
older	JJR
``	``
placement	NN
''	''
models	NNS
that	WDT
de-emphasize	VBP
student	NN
development	NN
services	NNS
.	.
While	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
universal	JJ
model	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
clear	JJ
that	IN
a	DT
dialogue	NN
among	IN
college	NN
members	NNS
reflecting	VBG
upon	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
balance	NN
between	IN
these	DT
activities	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
important	JJ
to	TO
assert	VB
appropriate	JJ
influence	NN
in	IN
institutional	JJ
decision-making	JJ
processes	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
clear	JJ
that	IN
NACE	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
regional	JJ
ACEs	NNS
should	MD
provide	VB
an	DT
ongoing	JJ
forum	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
several	JJ
issues	NNS
raised	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
white	JJ
paper	NN
,	,
particularly	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
relate	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
issues	NNS
of	IN
recruiting	VBG
efficiency	NN
versus	IN
personalized	VBN
communications	NNS
.	.
Ideally	RB
our	PRP$
practices	NNS
will	MD
develop	VB
in	IN
a	DT
way	NN
that	IN
integrates	VBZ
both	DT
rather	RB
than	IN
these	DT
being	VBG
in	IN
opposition	NN
.	.
In	IN
any	DT
case	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
doubt	NN
that	IN
a	DT
continuing	VBG
dialogue	NN
concerning	VBG
the	DT
issues	NNS
and	CC
opportunities	NNS
raised	VBN
by	IN
electronic	JJ
recruiting	NN
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
.	.
One	CD
way	NN
to	TO
facilitate	VB
this	DT
dialogue	NN
could	MD
be	VB
to	TO
initiate	VB
regional	JJ
round	NN
tables	NNS
to	TO
bring	VB
together	RP
students	NNS
,	,
employers	NNS
,	,
career	NN
center	NN
professionals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
leaders	NNS
in	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
step	NN
to	TO
improving	VBG
electronic	JJ
recruitment	NN
for	IN
all	DT
parties	NNS
lies	VBZ
in	IN
communication	NN
and	CC
strategic	JJ
planning	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
hope	NN
of	IN
The	DT
NACE	NNP
Technology	NNP
Committee	NNP
that	IN
this	DT
white	JJ
paper	NN
supports	VBZ
this	DT
effort	NN
.	.
The	DT
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
document	NN
says	VBZ
students\/clients	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
charged	VBN
for	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
by	IN
a	DT
third	JJ
party	NN
.	.
Fees	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
employing	VBG
organization	NN
.	.
Third-party	JJ
career	NN
counseling\/job-search	JJ
arrangements	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
unethical	JJ
or	CC
inappropriate	JJ
for	IN
alumni	NNS
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
case	NN
,	,
the	DT
job-search	JJ
firm	NN
approached	VBD
the	DT
alumni	NNS
office	NN
.	.
Any	DT
college\/university	NN
office	NN
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
,	,
may	MD
be	VB
approached	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
vendor	NN
wishing	VBG
to	TO
offer	VB
products	NNS
or	CC
services	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
or	CC
alumni	NNS
.	.
Is	VBZ
there	EX
an	DT
implied	JJ
endorsement	NN
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
the	DT
alumni	NNS
office	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
any	DT
university	NN
office	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
may	MD
not	RB
back	VB
the	DT
third-party	JJ
service	NN
?	.
Will	MD
alumni	NNS
assume	VB
the	DT
service	NN
is	VBZ
reputable	JJ
because	IN
of	IN
its	PRP$
association	NN
with	IN
the	DT
university	NN
or	CC
college	NN
?	.
A	DT
potential	JJ
conflict	NN
of	IN
interest	NN
exists	VBZ
when	WRB
a	DT
college	NN
or	CC
university	NN
department	NN
takes	VBZ
a	DT
rebate	NN
for	IN
referring	VBG
graduates	NNS
or	CC
students	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
third-party	JJ
organization	NN
.	.
Even	RB
if	IN
the	DT
department	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
endorse	VB
the	DT
third-party	JJ
service	NN
,	,
alumni\/students	NNS
may	MD
question	VB
whether	IN
the	DT
vendor	NN
was	VBD
chosen	VBN
for	IN
its	PRP$
quality	NN
or	CC
for	IN
the	DT
rebate	NN
it	PRP
offers	VBZ
.	.
Although	IN
some	DT
campus	NN
offices	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
raise	VB
money	NN
or	CC
increase	NN
revenues	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
Committee	NNP
recommends	VBZ
that	IN
departments	NNS
avoid	VBP
accepting	VBG
rebates	NNS
for	IN
referred	VBN
clients	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
colleges	NNS
have	VBP
exclusive	JJ
arrangements	NNS
with	IN
vendors	NNS
that	WDT
provide	VBP
services	NNS
and	CC
products	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
beverages	NNS
and	CC
snack	NN
foods	NNS
,	,
so	RB
such	JJ
an	DT
arrangement	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
foreign	JJ
concept	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
remember	VB
that	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
document	NN
says	VBZ
that	IN
a	DT
system	NN
of	IN
open	JJ
,	,
free	JJ
selection	NN
of	IN
candidates	NNS
is	VBZ
an	DT
important	JJ
fundamental	JJ
in	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Principles	NNPS
Committee	NNP
recommends	VBZ
that	IN
departments	NNS
refrain	VBP
from	IN
endorsing	VBG
any	DT
one	CD
vendor	NN
and	CC
make	VB
it	PRP
clear	JJ
in	IN
writing	VBG
to	TO
all	DT
concerned-the	JJ
third-party	JJ
firm	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
alumni	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
alumni	NNS
office	NN
chooses	VBZ
to	TO
endorse	VB
the	DT
third-party	JJ
firm	NN
,	,
the	DT
department	NN
implies	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
reviewed	VBN
the	DT
vendor	NN
's	POS
services	NNS
and	CC
judged	VBD
them	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
competent	JJ
and	CC
ethical	JJ
.	.
In	IN
most	JJS
cases	NNS
,	,
professionals	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
center	NN
are	VBP
better	RBR
qualified	VBN
to	TO
examine	VB
and	CC
judge	VB
a	DT
third	JJ
party	NN
's	POS
offer	NN
of	IN
career	NN
development	NN
and	CC
job-search	JJ
services	NNS
.	.
Minimally	RB
,	,
the	DT
alumni	NNS
office	NN
should	MD
consult	VB
with	IN
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
staff	NN
before	IN
offering	VBG
an	DT
endorsement	NN
.	.
If	IN
your	PRP$
answer	NN
is	VBZ
``	``
yes	RB
,	,
''	''
then	RB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
advisable	JJ
that	IN
you	PRP
find	VBP
out	RP
how	WRB
resumes	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
handled	VBN
.	.
The	DT
alumni	NNS
office	NN
has	VBZ
an	DT
obligation	NN
to	TO
find	VB
out	RP
how	WRB
resumes	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
service	NN
provider	NN
.	.
The	DT
vendor	NN
should	MD
be	VB
asked	VBN
if	IN
resumes	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
forwarded	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
locate	VB
jobs	NNS
or	CC
if	IN
they	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
sold	VBN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
service	NN
were	VBD
working	VBG
directly	RB
with	IN
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
and	CC
current	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
the	DT
redistribution	NN
of	IN
resumes	NNS
without	IN
a	DT
student	NN
's	POS
consent	NN
would	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
an	DT
unacceptable	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
The	DT
vendor	NN
's	POS
intentions	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
clearly	RB
spelled	VBN
out	RP
in	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
with	IN
the	DT
college	NN
or	CC
university	NN
office	NN
.	.
It	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
clear	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
firm	NN
needs	VBZ
written	VBN
consent	NN
from	IN
each	DT
participating	VBG
graduate	NN
or	CC
alumni	NNS
before	IN
a	DT
resume	VB
can	MD
be	VB
passed	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
potential	JJ
employer	NN
or	CC
a	DT
resume	VB
data	NNS
base	NN
.	.
The	DT
Principles	NNPS
Committee	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
ultimate	JJ
goal	NN
of	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
help	VB
students	NNS
,	,
and	CC
when	WRB
possible	JJ
,	,
alumni	NNS
,	,
secure	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
effective	JJ
and	CC
professional	JJ
career	NN
development	NN
services	NNS
available	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
document	NN
provides	VBZ
the	DT
foundation	NN
for	IN
safeguarding	VBG
the	DT
rights	NNS
and	CC
well-being	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
graduates	NNS
when	WRB
any	DT
campus	NN
office	NN
engages	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
development	NN
process	NN
.	.
When	WRB
an	DT
outside	JJ
service	NN
provider	NN
wishes	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
career	NN
services	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
alumni	NNS
office	NN
or	CC
another	DT
campus	NN
department	NN
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
staff	NN
can	MD
work	VB
collaboratively	RB
with	IN
that	DT
office	NN
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
that	IN
alumni	NNS
are	VBP
receiving	VBG
the	DT
best	JJS
services	NNS
possible	JJ
.	.
I	PRP
value	VBP
the	DT
benefits	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
receive	VBP
through	IN
my	PRP$
membership	NN
in	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NACE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
I	PRP
highly	RB
recommend	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
join	VBP
.	.
NACE	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
member-driven	JJ
nonprofit	JJ
association	NN
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
resources	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
publications	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
development	NN
events	NNS
,	,
and	CC
products	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
.	.
Taking	VBG
advantage	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
resources	NNS
,	,
career	NN
development	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
contacts	NNS
will	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
succeed	VB
and	CC
achieve	VB
your	PRP$
professional	JJ
goals	NNS
.	.
Now	RB
more	JJR
than	IN
ever	RB
,	,
membership	NN
in	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
NACE	NNP
can	MD
help	VB
safeguard	VB
a	DT
career	NN
.	.
I	PRP
am	VBP
eligible	JJ
as	IN
my	PRP$
organization	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
have	VBP
worked	VBN
in	IN
recruitment\/employment	NN
or	CC
in	IN
a	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
recruitment\/employment	NN
and	CC
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
fields	NNS
for	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
three	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Class	NN
size	NN
is	VBZ
strictly	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
60	CD
participants	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
maximize	VB
the	DT
educational	JJ
value	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
strongly	RB
recommended	VBN
that	IN
you	PRP
mail	VBP
or	CC
fax	NN
your	PRP$
registration	NN
form	NN
to	TO
NACE	NNP
as	RB
soon	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
see	VB
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
preliminary	JJ
schedule	NN
.	.
Tuition	NN
is	VBZ
$	$
1,849	CD
for	IN
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
.	.
This	DT
rate	NN
includes	VBZ
a	DT
single	JJ
occupancy	NN
guestroom	NN
with	IN
complementary	JJ
Internet	NNP
access	NN
,	,
five	CD
continental	JJ
breakfasts	NNS
,	,
five	CD
lunches	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
opening	NN
dinner	NN
on	IN
Sunday	NNP
,	,
and	CC
all	DT
materials	NNS
used	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
This	DT
session	NN
will	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
understand	VB
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
more	JJR
practical	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
transitioning	VBG
into	IN
management	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
group	NN
.	.
Topics	NNS
include	VBP
:	:
supervision	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
direct	JJ
reports	NNS
,	,
performance	NN
management	NN
reviews	NNS
,	,
motivation	NN
,	,
negotiation	NN
skills	NNS
and	CC
conflict	NN
management	NN
.	.
Various	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
career	NN
center	NN
management	NN
,	,
particularly	RB
efforts	NNS
to	TO
connect	VB
students	NNS
with	IN
employers	NNS
,	,
have	VBP
legal	JJ
and	CC
ethical	JJ
implications	NNS
for	IN
practitioners	NNS
.	.
Use	NNP
working	VBG
case	NN
studies	NNS
to	TO
discusss	JJ
actions	NNS
and	CC
consequences	NNS
surrounding	VBG
career	NN
center	NN
management	NN
.	.
This	DT
section	NN
of	IN
the	DT
MLI	NNP
program	NN
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
learning	VBG
how	WRB
to	TO
develop	VB
your	PRP$
own	JJ
self	NN
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
discuss	VB
communicating	VBG
your	PRP$
talents	NNS
and	CC
skills	NNS
to	TO
perpetuate	VB
your	PRP$
professional	JJ
future	NN
,	,
how	WRB
to	TO
balance	VB
work	NN
and	CC
the	DT
other	JJ
functions	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
setting	VBG
and	CC
achieving	VBG
goals	NNS
personally	RB
and	CC
professionally	RB
,	,
learning	VBG
to	TO
enjoy	VB
who	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
and	CC
what	WP
you	PRP
do	VBP
,	,
and	CC
realizing	VBG
that	IN
your	PRP$
career	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
journey	NN
and	CC
not	RB
a	DT
destination	NN
.	.
This	DT
online	JJ
form	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
make	VB
it	PRP
easy	JJ
to	TO
apply	VB
for	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Management	NNP
Leadership	NNP
Institute	NNP
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
form	NN
you	PRP
can	MD
submit	VB
online	NN
.	.
Use	NNP
your	PRP$
computer	NN
to	TO
complete	VB
the	DT
form	NN
.	.
When	WRB
you	PRP
click	VBP
the	DT
``	``
print	NN
''	''
button	NN
,	,
the	DT
form	NN
will	MD
be	VB
printed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
printer	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
office	NN
.	.
Sign	VB
the	DT
form	NN
,	,
then	RB
mail	NN
or	CC
fax	NN
it	PRP
to	TO
NACE	NNP
.	.
Roundtable	NNP
.	.
NACE	NNP
invites	VBZ
its	PRP$
employer	NN
members	NNS
and	CC
relevant	JJ
others	NNS
in	IN
and	CC
around	IN
the	DT
host	NN
organization	NN
's	POS
area	NN
to	TO
attend	VB
the	DT
roundtable	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
sends	VBZ
out	RP
invitations	NNS
by	IN
e-mail	NN
approximately	RB
seven	CD
weeks	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
roundtable	NN
.	.
Follow	VB
up	RP
:	:
Participants	NNS
are	VBP
asked	VBN
to	TO
complete	VB
a	DT
questionnaire	NN
when	WRB
they	PRP
register	VBP
.	.
After	IN
the	DT
roundtable	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
will	MD
provide	VB
all	DT
participants	NNS
with	IN
results	NNS
from	IN
those	DT
questionnaires	NNS
along	IN
with	IN
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
participants	NNS
to	TO
promote	VB
additional	JJ
networking	NN
.	.
``	``
It	PRP
came	VBD
at	IN
5	CD
p.m.	RB
as	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
getting	VBG
ready	JJ
to	TO
take	VB
these	DT
important	JJ
people	NNS
out	IN
to	TO
dinner	NN
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Hansen	NNP
,	,
now	RB
the	DT
director	NN
of	IN
recruiting	VBG
for	IN
Deloitte	NNP
&	CC
Touche	NNP
.	.
``	``
It	PRP
was	VBD
my	PRP$
boss	NN
letting	VBG
me	PRP
know	VB
that	DT
at	IN
9	CD
a.m.	NN
the	DT
next	JJ
day	NN
,	,
our	PRP$
company	NN
would	MD
be	VB
filing	VBG
Chapter	NN
11	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
bankruptcy	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Bates	NNP
Parker	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioner	NN
for	IN
25	CD
years	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
19	CD
years	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
director	NN
.	.
During	IN
that	DT
time	NN
,	,
many	JJ
things	NNS
have	VBP
changed	VBN
within	IN
the	DT
profession	NN
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
diversity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
practitioners	NNS
.	.
``	``
Many	JJ
of	IN
us	PRP
who	WP
have	VBP
interacted	VBN
with	IN
Linda	NNP
over	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
have	VBP
recognized	VBN
that	IN
hers	NNS
has	VBZ
truly	RB
been	VBN
a	DT
national	JJ
voice	NN
,	,
especially	RB
on	IN
issues	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
career	NN
development	NN
,	,
recruitment	NN
,	,
retention	NN
,	,
and	CC
work	NN
force	NN
diversity	NN
,	,
''	''
explains	VBZ
Tim	NNP
Luzader	NNP
,	,
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
center	NN
for	IN
career	NN
opportunities	NNS
at	IN
Purdue	NNP
University	NNP
and	CC
former	JJ
NACE	NNP
President	NNP
,	,
who	WP
nominated	VBD
Parker	NNP
for	IN
induction	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Academy	NNP
of	IN
Fellows	NNPS
.	.
Julie	NNP
Cunningham	NNP
had	VBD
a	DT
passion	NN
for	IN
career	NN
development	NN
.	.
Now	RB
president	NN
of	IN
The	DT
Cunningham	NNP
Group	NNP
,	,
a	DT
firm	NN
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
college	NN
relations	NNS
training	NN
and	CC
consulting	NN
services	NNS
to	TO
employers	NNS
,	,
she	PRP
says	VBZ
that	IN
passion	NN
has	VBZ
only	RB
grown	VBN
.	.
Cunningham	NNP
also	RB
conducts	VBZ
conference	NN
workshops	NNS
,	,
and	CC
her	PRP$
consulting	NN
work	NN
and	CC
recruiter	NN
training	NN
help	NN
college	NN
relations	NNS
managers	NNS
and	CC
recruiters	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
productive	JJ
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
she	PRP
mentors	NNS
others	NNS
working	VBG
in	IN
college	NN
recruiting	NN
.	.
In	IN
nominating	VBG
Kathy	NNP
Sims	NNP
for	IN
induction	NN
into	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Academy	NNP
of	IN
Fellows	NNPS
,	,
Dave	NNP
Bechtel	NNP
explained	VBD
how	WRB
she	PRP
has	VBZ
exceeded	VBN
the	DT
criteria	NNS
for	IN
fellowship	NN
on	IN
every	DT
count	NN
:	:
excellence	NN
in	IN
professional	JJ
practice	NN
,	,
leadership	NN
,	,
and	CC
advancement	NN
of	IN
knowledge	NN
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
.	.
UCLA	NNP
Career	NNP
Center	NNP
,	,
where	WRB
her	PRP$
initiatives	NNS
have	VBP
ranged	VBN
from	IN
championing	VBG
an	DT
early	JJ
outreach	NN
model	NN
to	TO
include	VB
career	NN
center	NN
sponsorship	NN
of	IN
numerous	JJ
student	NN
groups	NNS
to	TO
launching	VBG
an	DT
annual	JJ
campaign	NN
and	CC
special	JJ
events	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
accounted	VBD
for	IN
a	DT
substantial	JJ
increase	NN
in	IN
career	NN
center	NN
revenues	NNS
.	.
Sims	NNS
also	RB
is	VBZ
active	JJ
in	IN
national	JJ
benchmarking	NN
networks	NNS
for	IN
university	NN
and	CC
corporate	JJ
practitioners	NNS
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
a	DT
founding	JJ
faculty	NN
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Career	NNP
Services	NNP
Institute	NNP
,	,
a	DT
professional	JJ
development	NN
program	NN
.	.
Over	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
,	,
Bechtel	NNP
has	VBZ
kept	VBN
up	RP
with	IN
the	DT
changes	NNS
in	IN
his	PRP$
profession	NN
,	,
and	CC
his	PRP$
efforts	NNS
were	VBD
rewarded	VBN
this	DT
year	NN
when	WRB
he	PRP
was	VBD
inducted	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Academy	NNP
of	IN
Fellows	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
Academy	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
human	JJ
resources	NNS
professionals	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
advancement	NN
of	IN
knowledge	NN
,	,
leadership	NN
,	,
and	CC
excellence	NN
in	IN
professional	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
In	IN
his	PRP$
30	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
overseeing	VBG
career	NN
center	NN
operations	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Illinois	NNP
campus	NN
,	,
Bechtel	NNP
has	VBZ
faced	VBN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
challenges	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
three	CD
recessions	NNS
and	CC
increasingly	RB
complicated	JJ
federal	JJ
regulations	NNS
governing	VBG
the	DT
hiring	VBG
process	NN
.	.
Before	IN
joining	VBG
the	DT
Penn	NNP
State	NNP
staff	NN
,	,
Rayman	NNP
served	VBD
as	IN
career	NN
development	NN
and	CC
placement	NN
center	NN
officer	NN
for	IN
the	DT
College	NNP
of	IN
Science	NNP
and	CC
Humanities	NNP
at	IN
Iowa	NNP
State	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
Ames	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
also	RB
was	VBD
an	DT
assistant	JJ
professor	NN
in	IN
research	NN
at	IN
Western	JJ
Maryland	NNP
College	NNP
.	.
``	``
The	DT
CTA	NNP
serves	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
`	``
first	JJ
step	NN
'	''
for	IN
those	DT
in	IN
career	NN
transition	NN
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
prioritize	VB
required	JJ
actions	NNS
for	IN
successful	JJ
employment	NN
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Nancy	NNP
Wajler	NNP
,	,
manager	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Glen	NNP
Ellyn	NNP
,	,
Illinois	NNP
school	NN
's	POS
Career	NNP
Services	NNP
Center	NNP
.	.
The	DT
CTA	NNP
system	NN
identifies	VBZ
seven	CD
major	JJ
components	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
career	NN
transition	NN
:	:
stress	NN
management	NN
,	,
time\/change	JJ
management	NN
,	,
career	NN
goal	NN
and	CC
objectives	NNS
,	,
research	NN
management	NN
,	,
resume\/portfolio	JJ
development	NN
,	,
networking	NN
,	,
and	CC
interviewing	VBG
effectiveness	NN
.	.
``	``
This	DT
system	NN
provides	VBZ
our	PRP$
career	NN
counselors	NNS
with	IN
knowledge	NN
and	CC
better	JJR
understanding	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
clients	NNS
allowing	VBG
for	IN
more	RBR
productive	JJ
,	,
action-oriented	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
''	''
Wajler	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
Clients	NNS
can	MD
retake	VB
the	DT
assessment	NN
numerous	JJ
times	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
make	VBP
progress	NN
and	CC
improvements	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
seven	CD
key	JJ
transition	NN
areas	NNS
.	.
''	''
Award	NN
for	IN
its	PRP$
development	NN
of	IN
``	``
Golden	NNP
Opportunities	NNPS
,	,
''	''
a	DT
program	NN
that	WDT
offers	VBZ
first-year	JJ
students	NNS
more	RBR
than	IN
100	CD
curricular	JJ
and	CC
co-curricular	JJ
activities	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
three	CD
areas	NNS
:	:
transitioning	VBG
to	TO
college	NN
,	,
discovering	VBG
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
and	CC
building	VBG
personal	JJ
skills	NNS
,	,
and	CC
finding	VBG
the	DT
right	JJ
career	NN
for	IN
me	PRP
.	.
``	``
Golden	NNP
Opportunities	NNPS
'	POS
offerings	NNS
include	VBP
workshops	NNS
,	,
employer	NN
and	CC
alumni	NNS
panels	NNS
,	,
externships	NNS
,	,
mentoring	VBG
contacts	NNS
with	IN
alumni	NNS
,	,
events	NNS
,	,
and	CC
web-based	JJ
activities	NNS
designed	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
students	NNS
master	VB
the	DT
skills	NNS
necessary	JJ
for	IN
success	NN
,	,
''	''
explains	VBZ
Melanie	NNP
Parker	NNP
,	,
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
of	IN
CSEL	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
Orlando	NNP
,	,
Florida	NNP
school	NN
.	.
Opportunities	NNPS
Career	NNP
Passport	NN
,	,
in	IN
which	WDT
students	NNS
log	VBP
their	PRP$
activities	NNS
,	,
complete	JJ
reflection	NN
exercises	NNS
,	,
and	CC
create	VB
a	DT
final	JJ
career	NN
action	NN
plan	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
reviewed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
CSEL	NNP
staff	NN
member	NN
.	.
CSEL	NNP
staff	NN
communicate	VBP
with	IN
participants	NNS
weekly	RB
,	,
tracking	VBG
their	PRP$
progress	NN
and	CC
coaching	NN
them	PRP
through	IN
completion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
Last	JJ
year	NN
,	,
more	JJR
than	IN
4,300	CD
students	NNS
participated	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
Golden	NNP
Opportunities	NNPS
program	NN
.	.
More	JJR
than	IN
80	CD
percent	NN
reported	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
program	NN
helped	VBD
them	PRP
better	RBR
define	VB
their	PRP$
career	NN
and	CC
academic	JJ
goals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
increased	VBD
their	PRP$
confidence	NN
in	IN
making	VBG
academic	JJ
and	CC
career	NN
decisions	NNS
.	.
Parker	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
students	NNS
are	VBP
declaring	VBG
majors	NNS
earlier	JJR
and	CC
at	IN
a	DT
higher	JJR
rate	NN
than	IN
in	IN
years	NNS
past	IN
.	.
Following	VBG
last	JJ
year	NN
's	POS
majors	NNS
'	POS
fair	JJ
,	,
there	EX
was	VBD
a	DT
more	JJR
than	IN
300	CD
percent	NN
increase	NN
in	IN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
declaring	VBG
majors	NNS
than	IN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
period	NN
for	IN
the	DT
previous	JJ
year	NN
.	.
''	''
It	PRP
also	RB
helped	VBD
teach	VB
Carretta	NNP
the	DT
value	NN
of	IN
strong	JJ
leadership	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
her	PRP$
everyday	JJ
duties	NNS
at	IN
George	NNP
Mason	NNP
,	,
Carretta	NNP
has	VBZ
served	VBN
on	IN
numerous	JJ
NACE	NNP
committees	NNS
,	,
task	NN
forces	NNS
,	,
and	CC
review	NN
teams	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
she	PRP
served	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
.	.
As	IN
she	PRP
looked	VBD
at	IN
how	WRB
the	DT
profession	NN
was	VBD
changing	VBG
during	IN
her	PRP$
career	NN
,	,
she	PRP
also	RB
saw	VBD
how	WRB
critical	JJ
it	PRP
was	VBD
to	TO
have	VB
people	NNS
in	IN
leadership	NN
roles	NNS
at	IN
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
who	WP
could	MD
raise	VB
the	DT
visibility	NN
and	CC
credibility	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
people	NNS
see	VB
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
work	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
does	VBZ
.	.
Furthermore	RB
,	,
effective	JJ
leaders	NNS
were	VBD
able	JJ
to	TO
demonstrate	VB
how	WRB
critical	JJ
this	DT
work	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
educational	JJ
mission	NN
.	.
Those	DT
who	WP
worked	VBD
with	IN
Kaplan	NNP
or	CC
who	WP
solicited	VBD
her	PRP$
guidance	NN
know	VBP
that	IN
putting	VBG
complex	JJ
information	NN
into	IN
plain	JJ
language	NN
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
her	PRP$
gifts	NNS
.	.
Since	IN
1985	CD
,	,
Kaplan	NNP
has	VBZ
provided	VBN
critical	JJ
information	NN
and	CC
expert	NN
guidance	NN
to	TO
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
.	.
Kaplan	NNP
served	VBD
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
by	IN
providing	VBG
legal	JJ
advice	NN
about	IN
policies	NNS
,	,
procedures	NNS
,	,
trademarks	NNS
,	,
copyrights	NNS
,	,
contracts	NNS
,	,
and	CC
governance	NN
and	CC
compliance	NN
issues	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
and	CC
staff	NN
;	:
writing	VBG
columns	NNS
and	CC
articles	NNS
for	IN
NACE	NNP
publications	NNS
about	IN
legal	JJ
and	CC
ethical	JJ
issues	NNS
that	WDT
affect	VBP
the	DT
ways	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
and	CC
human	JJ
resources	NNS
professionals	NNS
operate	VBP
;	:
and	CC
making	VBG
numerous	JJ
presentations	NNS
at	IN
NACE	NNP
National	NNP
Meetings	NNS
,	,
regional	JJ
conferences	NNS
,	,
workshops	NNS
,	,
teleconferences	NNS
,	,
and	CC
web	NN
seminars	NNS
.	.
Her	PRP$
work	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
core	NN
of	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
legal	JJ
department	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
nonprofit	JJ
association	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
strives	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
safe	JJ
and	CC
comfortable	JJ
accommodations	NNS
while	IN
operating	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
fiscally	RB
conservative	JJ
environment	NN
.	.
Below	IN
is	VBZ
the	DT
travel	NN
policy	NN
for	IN
all	DT
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
members	NNS
,	,
Committee	NNP
members	NNS
,	,
and	CC
employees	NNS
.	.
This	DT
policy	NN
includes	VBZ
travel	NN
,	,
lodging	NN
,	,
and	CC
meals	NNS
for	IN
NACE	NNP
operations	NNS
.	.
All	DT
expenses	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
summarized	VBN
on	IN
form	NN
in	IN
a	DT
legible	JJ
manner	NN
;	:
all	DT
original	JJ
invoices\/receipts	NNS
attached	VBN
Only	RB
approved	VBN
expenses	NNS
listed	VBN
above	IN
Completed	VBN
forms	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
sent	VBN
to	TO
NACE	VB
through	IN
U.S.	NNP
mail	NN
Expense	NNP
checks	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
printed	VBN
every	DT
Thursday	NNP
and	CC
sent	VBD
out	RP
by	IN
U.S.	NNP
mail	NN
.	.
The	DT
Foundation	NNP
is	VBZ
governed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Trustees	NNPS
composed	VBN
of	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employer	NNP
's	POS
Executive	NNP
Committee	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Trustees	NNPS
includes	VBZ
college	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
HR\/staffing	VBG
practitioners	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Trustees	NNPS
are	VBP
responsible	JJ
for	IN
identifying	VBG
research	NN
and	CC
educational	JJ
priorities	NNS
and	CC
making	VBG
all	DT
funding	NN
decisions	NNS
.	.
Applicants	NNS
should	MD
describe	VB
how	WRB
data	NNS
relevant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
project	NN
will	MD
be	VB
collected	VBN
.	.
Data	NNP
collection	NN
instruments	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
described	VBN
and	CC
,	,
if	IN
possible	JJ
,	,
samples	NNS
of	IN
such	JJ
instruments	NNS
provided	VBN
.	.
Methods	NNS
for	IN
data	NNS
analysis	NN
should	MD
be	VB
clearly	RB
explained	VBN
.	.
Allowable	JJ
costs	NNS
include	VBP
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
printing	NN
,	,
postage	NN
,	,
telephone	NN
,	,
and	CC
stipends	NNS
for	IN
researchers	NNS
.	.
Unallowable	JJ
costs	NNS
include	VBP
indirect	JJ
institutional	JJ
expenses	NNS
,	,
institutional	JJ
overhead	NN
,	,
permanent	JJ
equipment	NN
,	,
and	CC
capital	NN
expenditures	NNS
.	.
Submit	VB
a	DT
final	JJ
report	NN
electronically	RB
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
research	NN
results	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
will	MD
hold	VB
the	DT
copyright	NN
to	TO
the	DT
research	NN
project	NN
as	IN
written	VBN
.	.
The	DT
researcher	NN
may	MD
use	VB
the	DT
data	NNS
for	IN
other	JJ
research	NN
projects	NNS
upon	IN
written	VBN
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Foundation	NNP
.	.
A	DT
career	NN
center	NN
expanding	VBG
its	PRP$
data	NNS
base	NN
of	IN
job	NN
postings	NNS
by	IN
linking	VBG
to	TO
an	DT
employer	NN
's	POS
web	NN
site	NN
or	CC
placing	VBG
an	DT
employer	NN
's	POS
actual	JJ
job	NN
posting	VBG
on	IN
its	PRP$
site	NN
;	:
and	CC
An	DT
individual	JJ
using	VBG
e-mail	NN
addresses	NNS
from	IN
an	DT
online	JJ
directory	NN
to	TO
send	VB
notices	NNS
of	IN
products	NNS
,	,
services	NNS
,	,
publications	NNS
,	,
or	CC
career	NN
fairs	NNS
to	TO
individuals	NNS
listed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
directory	NN
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
Internet	NNP
provides	VBZ
people	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
wealth	NN
of	IN
information	NN
at	IN
the	DT
click	NN
of	IN
a	DT
mouse	NN
,	,
this	DT
access	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
come	VB
without	IN
responsibility	NN
,	,
including	VBG
compliance	NN
with	IN
copyright	NN
laws	NNS
,	,
proper	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
proprietary	JJ
information	NN
,	,
and	CC
adherence	NN
to	TO
web	NN
site	NN
owners	NNS
'	POS
terms	NNS
and	CC
conditions	NNS
regarding	VBG
use	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
information	NN
.	.
``	``
Original	NNP
''	''
does	VBZ
not	RB
mean	VB
novel	NN
,	,
creative	JJ
,	,
or	CC
even	RB
good	JJ
;	:
it	PRP
means	VBZ
that	IN
material	NN
was	VBD
developed	VBN
and	CC
formulated	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
did	VBD
not	RB
copy	VB
it	PRP
from	IN
someone	NN
else	RB
.	.
A	DT
work	NN
is	VBZ
fixed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
tangible	JJ
medium	NN
even	RB
if	IN
it	PRP
exists	VBZ
only	RB
in	IN
an	DT
electronic	JJ
format	NN
.	.
``	``
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
domain	NN
.	.
''	''
Works	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
domain	NN
are	VBP
strictly	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
government	NN
documents	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
items	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
authors	NNS
have	VBP
clearly	RB
relinquished	VBN
their	PRP$
copyright	NN
.	.
A	DT
web	NN
site	NN
,	,
other	JJ
than	IN
a	DT
government	NN
site	NN
,	,
offering	VBG
material	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
text	NN
,	,
data	NNS
,	,
graphics	NNS
,	,
and	CC
photographs	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
the	DT
public	NN
to	TO
read	VB
does	VBZ
not	RB
put	VB
the	DT
material	NN
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
domain	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
the	DT
use	NN
or	CC
copying	NN
of	IN
this	DT
information	NN
requires	VBZ
prior	RB
permission	NN
from	IN
the	DT
author	NN
,	,
publisher	NN
,	,
and\/or	CC
web	NN
site	NN
owner	NN
.	.
``	``
Copying	NNP
''	''
includes	VBZ
photocopying	VBG
material	NN
,	,
attaching	VBG
it	PRP
to	TO
an	DT
e-mail	NN
or	CC
distributing	VBG
it	PRP
to	TO
a	DT
listserv	NN
,	,
and	CC
placing	VBG
it	PRP
on	IN
one	CD
's	POS
own	JJ
web	NN
site	NN
.	.
Some	DT
recent	JJ
court	NN
cases	NNS
have	VBP
held	VBN
that	IN
linking	VBG
and	CC
framing	VBG
articles	NNS
are	VBP
forms	NNS
of	IN
copying	NN
that	IN
require	VBP
permission	NN
.	.
Co.	NNP
v.	CC
Tasini	NNP
that	IN
permission	NN
by	IN
an	DT
author	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
publisher	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
not	RB
carte	VB
blanche	NN
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
article	NN
in	IN
any	DT
format	NN
.	.
Permission	NN
to	TO
copy	VB
or	CC
use	VB
an	DT
article	NN
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
its	PRP$
format	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
limited	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
purposes	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
original	JJ
permission	NN
was	VBD
given	VBN
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
receive	VBP
permission	NN
to	TO
use	VB
an	DT
article	NN
for	IN
a	DT
staff\/student	JJ
workshop	NN
,	,
this	DT
permission	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
authorize	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
place	VB
the	DT
article	NN
on	IN
your	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
;	:
e-mail	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
your	PRP$
entire	JJ
class	NN
,	,
organization	NN
,	,
or	CC
listserv	NN
;	:
or	CC
place	VB
it	PRP
in	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
publication	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
produce	VBP
.	.
The	DT
``	``
fair	JJ
use	NN
''	''
doctrine	NN
permits	VBZ
the	DT
reproduction	NN
of	IN
copyrighted	VBN
works	NNS
without	IN
permission	NN
for	IN
certain	JJ
limited	JJ
purposes	NNS
.	.
But	CC
there	EX
are	VBP
grave	JJ
misconceptions	NNS
regarding	VBG
fair	JJ
use	NN
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
narrow	JJ
exception	NN
to	TO
the	DT
copyright	NN
protections	NNS
.	.
Attorneys	NNS
who	WP
investigate	VBP
copyright	NN
violations	NNS
report	VBP
being	VBG
told	VBD
that	IN
``	``
I	PRP
downloaded	VBD
this	DT
information	NN
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
doing	VBG
training	NN
on	IN
this	DT
subject	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
or	CC
employees	NNS
,	,
''	''
or	CC
``	``
My	PRP$
listserv	NN
was	VBD
discussing	VBG
this	DT
topic	NN
and	CC
I	PRP
knew	VBD
that	IN
this	DT
article	NN
would	MD
be	VB
relevant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
discussion	NN
.	.
''	''
Such	JJ
comments	NNS
indicate	VBP
a	DT
belief	NN
that	WDT
as	RB
long	RB
as	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
selling	VBG
information	NN
from	IN
a	DT
web	NN
page	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
fair	JJ
use	NN
to	TO
distribute	VB
it	PRP
free	JJ
to	TO
others-on	JJ
paper	NN
or	CC
electronically-for	NN
an	DT
educational	JJ
purpose	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
using	VBG
an	DT
article	NN
for	IN
educational	JJ
purposes	NNS
does	VBZ
not	RB
justify	VB
or	CC
provide	VB
a	DT
defense	NN
for	IN
unauthorized	JJ
copying	NN
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
and	CC
character	NN
of	IN
the	DT
use	NN
.	.
Purpose	NN
and	CC
character	NN
pertain	VBP
to	TO
how	WRB
a	DT
work	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
changed	VBN
transformed	VBN
when	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
posted	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
web	NN
site	NN
or	CC
published	VBN
in	IN
another	DT
format	NN
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
being	VBG
used	VBN
,	,
e.g.	FW
,	,
educationally	RB
or	CC
commercially	RB
.	.
Using	VBG
text	NN
verbatim	JJ
or	CC
charging	VBG
fees	NNS
for	IN
or	CC
obtaining	VBG
revenues	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
copied	VBN
material	NN
weighs	VBZ
against	IN
a	DT
finding	NN
of	IN
fair	JJ
use	NN
.	.
The	DT
more	JJR
a	DT
work	NN
is	VBZ
changed	VBN
,	,
indicating	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
work	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
used	VBN
for	IN
research	NN
or	CC
commentary	NN
,	,
the	DT
more	RBR
likely	JJ
a	DT
finding	NN
of	IN
fair	JJ
use	NN
.	.
The	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
copyrighted	VBN
work	NN
.	.
The	DT
more	JJR
creative	JJ
the	DT
work	NN
,	,
the	DT
more	JJR
protection	NN
the	DT
work	NN
will	MD
be	VB
accorded	VBN
.	.
Conversely	RB
,	,
the	DT
more	JJR
informational	JJ
or	CC
functional	JJ
the	DT
work	NN
,	,
the	DT
broader	JJR
the	DT
scope	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fair	JJ
use	NN
defense	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
instances	NNS
in	IN
which	WDT
content	JJ
includes	VBZ
both	DT
factual	JJ
and	CC
expressive	JJ
elements	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
an	DT
article	NN
on	IN
job-search	JJ
strategies	NNS
.	.
In	IN
these	DT
situations	NNS
,	,
the	DT
more	RBR
creative	JJ
the	DT
article	NN
,	,
the	DT
more	RBR
likely	JJ
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
protected	VBN
.	.
The	DT
amount	NN
and	CC
substantiality	NN
of	IN
the	DT
work	NN
used	VBN
in	IN
relation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
copyrighted	VBN
work	NN
as	IN
a	DT
whole	NN
.	.
How	WRB
much	JJ
was	VBD
copied	VBN
in	IN
relation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
entire	JJ
article	NN
or	CC
work	NN
?	.
Even	RB
single	JJ
articles	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
newspaper	NN
or	CC
magazine	NN
have	VBP
the	DT
same	JJ
protection	NN
as	IN
individual	JJ
works	NNS
,	,
e.g.	FW
books	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
copying	VBG
an	DT
entire	JJ
article	NN
weighs	VBZ
against	IN
a	DT
finding	NN
of	IN
fair	JJ
use	NN
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
the	DT
immediate	JJ
financial	JJ
effect	NN
and	CC
whether	IN
unrestricted	JJ
or	CC
widespread	JJ
use	NN
would	MD
cause	VB
the	DT
article	NN
to	TO
be	VB
devalued	VBN
.	.
If	IN
copying	NN
fulfills	VBZ
the	DT
demand	NN
for	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
work	NN
and	CC
diminishes	VBZ
or	CC
prejudices	NNS
the	DT
value	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
,	,
this	DT
is	VBZ
enough	RB
to	TO
justify	VB
a	DT
finding	NN
against	IN
fair	JJ
use	NN
.	.
They	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
give	VB
the	DT
impression	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
endorsing	VBG
the	DT
other	JJ
sites	NNS
.	.
``	``
Borrowing	NN
''	''
the	DT
logo	NN
or	CC
a	DT
trademark	NN
to	TO
use	VB
as	IN
a	DT
hyperlink	NN
also	RB
is	VBZ
restricted	VBN
unless	IN
permission	NN
is	VBZ
obtained	VBN
first	RB
.	.
One	CD
final	JJ
note	NN
on	IN
trademark	NN
:	:
An	DT
important	JJ
distinction	NN
between	IN
copyright	NN
and	CC
trademark	NN
law	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
trademark	NN
law	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
provide	VB
a	DT
fair	JJ
use	NN
exception	NN
.	.
Examples	NNS
of	IN
such	JJ
information	NN
include	VBP
salary	NN
data	NNS
,	,
survey	NN
results	NNS
,	,
benchmarking	VBG
information	NN
,	,
job	NN
postings	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
like	JJ
.	.
Another	DT
example	NN
worth	JJ
noting	VBG
is	VBZ
user	NN
information	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
users	NNS
voluntarily	RB
provide	VBP
personal	JJ
data	NNS
to	TO
web	NN
sites	NNS
because	IN
they	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
notified	VBN
when	WRB
interesting	JJ
information	NN
is	VBZ
added	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
sites	NNS
or	CC
they	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
network	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
individuals	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
want	VB
their	PRP$
personal	JJ
information	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
e-mail	NN
address	NN
,	,
postal	JJ
address	NN
,	,
telephone	NN
number	NN
,	,
fax	NN
number	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
solicitation	NN
purposes	NNS
,	,
placed	VBN
in	IN
another	DT
data	NN
base	NN
,	,
or	CC
distributed	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
listserv	NN
.	.
To	TO
ensure	VB
the	DT
proper	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
this	DT
information	NN
,	,
web	NN
sites	NNS
are	VBP
publishing	VBG
terms	NNS
and	CC
conditions	NNS
that	WDT
users	NNS
must	MD
agree	VB
to	TO
before	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
use	VB
the	DT
sites	NNS
.	.
These	DT
rules	NNS
prohibit	VBP
users	NNS
from	IN
distributing	VBG
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
sites	NNS
,	,
via	IN
copying	NN
,	,
linking	VBG
,	,
or	CC
framing	NN
,	,
without	IN
the	DT
express	JJ
permission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
site	NN
owners	NNS
.	.
Web	NN
sites	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
directories	NNS
of	IN
names	NNS
and	CC
addresses	NNS
typically	RB
prohibit	VBP
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
these	DT
directories	NNS
as	IN
``	``
electronic	JJ
mailing	NN
lists	NNS
''	''
for	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
group	NN
notification	NN
or	CC
solicitation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
product	NN
,	,
service	NN
,	,
or	CC
event	NN
.	.
Users	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
agree	VB
to	TO
the	DT
terms	NNS
or	CC
fail	VB
to	TO
adhere	VB
to	TO
the	DT
rules	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
barred	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
sites	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
distributing	VBG
the	DT
information	NN
to	TO
others	NNS
via	IN
e-mail	NN
,	,
making	VBG
multiple	JJ
printed	VBN
copies	NNS
,	,
or	CC
placing	VBG
the	DT
information	NN
on	IN
another	DT
web	NN
site	NN
would	MD
amount	VB
to	TO
the	DT
unauthorized	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
proprietary	JJ
information	NN
.	.
This	DT
does	VBZ
not	RB
authorize	VB
career	NN
center	NN
or	CC
commercial	JJ
web	NN
sites	NNS
to	TO
post	VB
the	DT
opening	NN
or	CC
create	VB
a	DT
link	NN
to	TO
it	PRP
.	.
Even	RB
framing	NN
could	MD
be	VB
a	DT
problem	NN
because	IN
it	PRP
builds	VBZ
a	DT
border	NN
around	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
's	POS
web	NN
page	NN
to	TO
make	VB
it	PRP
appear	VB
as	IN
if	IN
the	DT
information	NN
is	VBZ
owned	VBN
by	IN
another	DT
site	NN
.	.
Display	NN
This	DT
is	VBZ
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
visually	RB
describe	VB
your	PRP$
company	NN
with	IN
photographs	NNS
and\/or	CC
graphic	JJ
creativity	NN
.	.
A	DT
display	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
in	IN
full-page	JJ
four-color	JJ
,	,
full-page	JJ
black	JJ
and	CC
white	JJ
,	,
half-page	JJ
black	JJ
and	CC
white	JJ
,	,
and	CC
quarter-page	JJ
black	JJ
and	CC
white	JJ
.	.
Displays	NNS
afford	VBP
a	DT
great	JJ
opportunity	NN
to	TO
arrest	VB
the	DT
reader	NN
's	POS
attention	NN
.	.
Profile	NNP
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
narrative	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
available	JJ
in	IN
full-page	JJ
,	,
half-page	JJ
or	CC
quarter-page	JJ
sizes	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
consists	VBZ
of	IN
text	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
tailor	VB
to	TO
your	PRP$
needs	NNS
.	.
Describe	VB
your	PRP$
organization	NN
to	TO
best	JJS
advantage	NN
-	:
who	WP
you	PRP
are	VBP
,	,
what	WP
you	PRP
do	VBP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
you	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
offer	VB
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
For	IN
maximum	JJ
effectiveness	NN
,	,
go	VB
beyond	IN
that	DT
and	CC
tell	VB
your	PRP$
organization	NN
's	POS
story	NN
completely	RB
:	:
size	NN
,	,
locations	NNS
,	,
lines	NNS
of	IN
business	NN
,	,
details	NNS
of	IN
entry-level	JJ
positions	NNS
,	,
nature	NN
of	IN
work	NN
involved	VBN
,	,
typical	JJ
career	NN
paths	NNS
,	,
training	NN
and	CC
education	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
benefits	NNS
,	,
and	CC
life	NN
styles	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
your	PRP$
firm	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
locale	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Employers	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
NACE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
has	VBZ
been	VBN
the	DT
leading	VBG
source	NN
of	IN
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
college-educated	JJ
work	NN
force	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
offers	VBZ
you	PRP
unparalleled	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
graduating	VBG
college	NN
students	NNS
through	IN
its	PRP$
products	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
and	CC
will	MD
not	RB
correct	VB
HTML	NNP
code	NN
that	WDT
does	VBZ
not	RB
function	VB
properly	RB
or	CC
causes	VBZ
any	DT
problems	NNS
.	.
The	DT
client	NN
and\/or	CC
the	DT
submitting	VBG
agency	NN
must	MD
fix	VB
the	DT
banner	NN
and	CC
resubmit	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Production	NNP
Department	NNP
.	.
Java	NNP
Applets	NNPS
:	:
NACE	NNP
web	NN
sites	NNS
will	MD
accept	VB
banners	NNS
which	WDT
load	VBP
Java	NN
applets	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
requires	VBZ
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
five	CD
business	NN
days	NNS
to	TO
test	VB
banners	NNS
for	IN
performance	NN
and	CC
stability	NN
and	CC
will	MD
reject	VB
any	DT
that	WDT
do	VBP
not	RB
function	VB
properly	RB
.	.
Banners	NNS
can	MD
not	RB
launch	VB
sound	NN
without	IN
the	DT
user	NN
clicking	VBG
on	IN
them	PRP
.	.
If	IN
sound	NN
is	VBZ
launched	VBN
after	IN
clicking	VBG
,	,
an	DT
``	``
off	RP
''	''
button	NN
must	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
and	CC
obvious	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
user	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
reserves	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
define	VB
what	WP
is	VBZ
obvious	JJ
and	CC
what	WP
is	VBZ
not	RB
obvious	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
user	NN
.	.
Any	DT
action	NN
must	MD
be	VB
initiated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
user	NN
clicking	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
banner	NN
.	.
Flash	NNP
Animation	NNP
:	:
NACE	NNP
web	NN
sites	NNS
will	MD
accept	VB
Flash	NNP
animation	NN
files	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
.	.
swf	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
NACE	NNP
requires	VBZ
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
five	CD
business	NN
days	NNS
to	TO
test	VB
banners	NNS
for	IN
performance	NN
and	CC
stability	NN
and	CC
will	MD
reject	VB
any	DT
that	WDT
do	VBP
not	RB
function	VB
properly	RB
.	.
Banners	NNS
can	MD
not	RB
launch	VB
sound	NN
without	IN
the	DT
user	NN
clicking	VBG
on	IN
them	PRP
.	.
If	IN
sound	NN
is	VBZ
launched	VBN
after	IN
clicking	VBG
,	,
an	DT
``	``
off	RP
''	''
button	NN
must	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
and	CC
obvious	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
user	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
reserves	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
define	VB
what	WP
is	VBZ
obvious	JJ
and	CC
what	WP
is	VBZ
not	RB
obvious	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
user	NN
.	.
Any	DT
action	NN
must	MD
be	VB
initiated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
user	NN
clicking	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
banner	NN
.	.
Maximum	NNP
animation	NN
time	NN
is	VBZ
fifteen	CD
seconds	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
web	NN
sites	NNS
meet	VBP
W3C	CD
guidelines	NNS
for	IN
accessibility	NN
:	:
all	DT
banner	NN
ads	NNS
require	VBP
an	DT
alt	NN
tag	NN
of	IN
up	RB
to	TO
10	CD
words	NNS
.	.
Longer	JJR
text	NN
descriptions	NNS
,	,
if	IN
needed	VBN
,	,
must	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
text-only	JJ
page	NN
for	IN
vision	NN
impaired	VBN
viewers	NNS
,	,
hosted	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
advertiser	NN
's	POS
site	NN
.	.
Cookie	NNP
Technology	NNP
:	:
Cookies	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
limited	VBN
to	TO
one	CD
cookie	NN
per	IN
user	NN
per	IN
banner	NN
.	.
All	DT
banners	NNS
submitted	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
third-party	JJ
agency	NN
that	WDT
use	VBP
cookie	NN
technology	NN
must	MD
submit	VB
a	DT
link	NN
to	TO
the	DT
agency	NN
's	POS
privacy	NN
statement	NN
page	NN
and	CC
those	DT
that	WDT
do	VBP
not	RB
comply	VB
will	MD
have	VB
their	PRP$
banner	NN
removed	VBD
immediately	RB
.	.
If	IN
your	PRP$
products	NNS
or	CC
services	NNS
are	VBP
aimed	VBN
at	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
who	WP
counsel	NN
college	NN
students	NNS
or	CC
HR\/staffing	VBG
professionals	NNS
who	WP
recruit	VBP
new	JJ
graduates	NNS
,	,
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Journal	NNP
is	VBZ
your	PRP$
best	JJS
advertising	NN
buy	NN
.	.
Advertisers	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
protected	VBN
at	IN
their	PRP$
contracted	VBN
rates	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
duration	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
present	JJ
contracts	NNS
.	.
If	IN
fewer	JJR
insertions	NNS
are	VBP
used	VBN
within	IN
one	CD
year	NN
than	IN
specified	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
,	,
charges	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
adjusted	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
established	JJ
rates	NNS
.	.
All	DT
advertising	NN
must	MD
be	VB
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
professional	JJ
interests	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
subscribing	VBG
constituency	NN
of	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Journal	NNP
.	.
The	DT
editors	NNS
reserve	VBP
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
reject	VB
any	DT
advertisement	NN
that	WDT
does	VBZ
not	RB
meet	VB
the	DT
standards	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Journal	NNP
.	.
No	DT
cancellations	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
accepted	VBN
after	IN
closing	VBG
of	IN
contracting	NN
for	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
issue	NN
.	.
All	DT
cancellation	NN
requests	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
in	IN
writing	NN
and	CC
authorized	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
publisher	NN
.	.
If	IN
cancellation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
space	NN
reservation	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
after	IN
the	DT
deadline	NN
date	NN
,	,
the	DT
advertiser	NN
or	CC
authorized	VBN
agent	NN
will	MD
be	VB
liable	JJ
for	IN
payment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
full	JJ
billing	NN
amount	NN
.	.
Where	WRB
this	DT
contract	NN
is	VBZ
executed	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
agency	NN
,	,
such	JJ
agency	NN
agrees	VBZ
to	TO
make	VB
full	JJ
payment	NN
for	IN
all	DT
space	NN
reserved	VBN
.	.
By	IN
executing	VBG
this	DT
agreement	NN
,	,
the	DT
agency	NN
affirms	VBZ
its	PRP$
authority	NN
to	TO
reserve	VB
such	JJ
space	NN
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
the	DT
advertiser	NN
and	CC
to	TO
bind	NN
the	DT
advertiser	NN
to	TO
the	DT
terms	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
agreement	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
event	NN
that	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
fails	VBZ
to	TO
make	VB
payment	NN
for	IN
any	DT
reason	NN
,	,
the	DT
advertiser	NN
will	MD
be	VB
obligated	VBN
to	TO
make	VB
payment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
space	NN
reserved	VBN
by	IN
its	PRP$
agent	NN
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
whether	IN
the	DT
advertiser	NN
previously	RB
made	VBD
payment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
agency	NN
for	IN
the	DT
space	NN
reserved	VBN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
membership	NN
association	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
endorse	VB
proprietary	JJ
products	NNS
,	,
nor	CC
may	MD
endorsement	NN
be	VB
implied	VBN
in	IN
advertising	NN
included	VBN
in	IN
any	DT
print	NN
or	CC
electronic	JJ
publication	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
or	CC
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
any	DT
advertising	NN
.	.
The	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NACE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
looks	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
agency	NN
placing	VBG
the	DT
space	NN
reservation	NN
for	IN
payment	NN
;	:
however	RB
,	,
NACE	NNP
shall	MD
have	VB
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
hold	VB
the	DT
agency	NN
and	CC
the	DT
employer	NN
jointly	RB
and	CC
separately	RB
liable	JJ
for	IN
monies	NNS
due	JJ
and	CC
payable	JJ
to	TO
NACE	NNP
.	.
The	DT
agency	NN
warrants	NNS
by	IN
submitting	VBG
the	DT
space	NN
reservation	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
the	DT
employer	NN
have	VBP
accepted	VBN
this	DT
responsibility	NN
.	.
By	IN
execution	NN
of	IN
this	DT
space	NN
reservation	NN
contract	NN
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
agrees	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
an	DT
equal	JJ
opportunity	NN
employer	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
believes	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
exempt	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
federal	JJ
equal	JJ
employment	NN
opportunity	NN
laws	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
must	MD
provide	VB
documentation	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
exemption	NN
.	.
No	DT
endorsement	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
membership	NN
association	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
endorse	VB
proprietary	JJ
products	NNS
,	,
nor	CC
may	MD
endorsement	NN
be	VB
implied	VBN
in	IN
advertising	NN
included	VBN
in	IN
any	DT
print	NN
or	CC
electronic	JJ
publication	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
or	CC
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
any	DT
advertising	NN
.	.
The	DT
publisher	NN
looks	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
advertising	NN
agency	NN
placing	VBG
the	DT
insertion	NN
for	IN
payment	NN
;	:
however	RB
,	,
the	DT
publisher	NN
shall	MD
have	VB
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
hold	VB
the	DT
advertising	NN
agency	NN
and	CC
the	DT
advertiser	NN
jointly	RB
and	CC
separately	RB
liable	JJ
for	IN
monies	NNS
due	JJ
and	CC
payable	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
publisher	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
agency	NN
warrants	NNS
by	IN
submitting	VBG
the	DT
insertion	NN
order	NN
that	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
the	DT
advertiser	NN
have	VBP
accepted	VBN
this	DT
responsibility	NN
.	.
The	DT
publisher	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
liable	JJ
for	IN
any	DT
costs	NNS
or	CC
damages	NNS
,	,
if	IN
,	,
for	IN
any	DT
reason	NN
,	,
it	PRP
fails	VBZ
to	TO
publish	VB
an	DT
advertisement	NN
.	.
Cancellations	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
made	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
advertiser	NN
or	CC
agency	NN
after	IN
employer	NN
profile	NN
is	VBZ
live	JJ
on	IN
JobWeb	NNP
.	.
Changes	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
text	NN
of	IN
the	DT
buyer	NN
's	POS
guide	NN
listing	NN
can	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
during	IN
the	DT
term	NN
of	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
.	.
Banner	NN
advertisments	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
changed	VBN
once	RB
every	DT
two	CD
weeks	NNS
during	IN
the	DT
term	NN
of	IN
the	DT
contract	NN
.	.
Spotlight	NN
Online	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
HTML	NNP
e-mail	NN
newsletter	NN
.	.
Advertisers	NNS
can	MD
submit	VB
copy	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
25-word	JJ
message	NN
electronically	RB
by	IN
e-mailing	VBG
their	PRP$
message	NN
to	TO
Laura	NNP
Czuba	NNP
.	.
To	TO
ensure	VB
the	DT
accuracy	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
message	NN
,	,
be	VB
sure	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
complete	JJ
contact	NN
information	NN
.	.
The	DT
advertiser	NN
agrees	VBZ
to	TO
pay	VB
for	IN
all	DT
listings	NNS
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
this	DT
contract	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
payment	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
publisher	NN
within	IN
30	CD
days	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
receipt	NN
by	IN
the	DT
advertiser	NN
or	CC
authorized	VBN
agent	NN
of	IN
sample	NN
copy	NN
and	CC
invoice	NN
.	.
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NACE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
professional	JJ
conference	NN
for	IN
HR\/staffing	VBG
and	CC
college	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
reserves	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
eligibility	NN
of	IN
any	DT
company	NN
,	,
product	NN
,	,
or	CC
services	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
restrict	VB
,	,
prohibit	VB
,	,
or	CC
evict	VB
any	DT
exhibitor	NN
or	CC
product	NN
which	WDT
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
opinion	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
,	,
detracts	VBZ
from	IN
the	DT
character	NN
of	IN
the	DT
exposition	NN
or	CC
for	IN
any	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
Terms	NNS
and	CC
Conditions	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
event	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
restriction	NN
or	CC
eviction	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
liable	JJ
for	IN
refunding	VBG
exhibit	NN
fees	NNS
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
cost	NN
incurred	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
exhibitor	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
will	MD
not	RB
accept	VB
advertising	NN
for	IN
tobacco	NN
,	,
alcohol	NN
,	,
drugs	NNS
,	,
or	CC
firearms	NNS
,	,
and\/or	CC
products\/services	NNS
that	WDT
promote	VBP
nudity	NN
and\/or	CC
pornography	NN
.	.
Products	NNPS
and	CC
services	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
exhibit	NN
hall	NN
must	MD
be	VB
related	VBN
to	TO
career	NN
development	NN
or	CC
recruitment\/selection	NN
.	.
A	DT
company	NN
's	POS
participation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
exposition	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
reflect	VB
a	DT
product	NN
endorsement	NN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
The	DT
exhibitor	NN
may	MD
not	RB
make	VB
any	DT
statements	NNS
in	IN
print	NN
,	,
orally	RB
,	,
or	CC
electronically	RB
that	IN
state	NN
or	CC
imply	VB
such	JJ
endorsement	NN
.	.
No	DT
walls	NNS
,	,
partitions	NNS
,	,
paintings	NNS
,	,
decorations	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
obstructions	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
erected	VBN
which	WDT
will	MD
in	IN
any	DT
way	NN
interfere	VB
with	IN
the	DT
view	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
exhibitor	NN
.	.
Exhibitors	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
submit	VB
their	PRP$
plan	NN
in	IN
advance	NN
for	IN
approval	NN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
if	IN
such	JJ
plans	NNS
include	VBP
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
unusual	JJ
effects	NNS
or	CC
methods	NNS
of	IN
production	NN
presentation	NN
.	.
Exhibitors	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
their	PRP$
displays	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
have	VB
a	DT
negative	JJ
impact	NN
on	IN
the	DT
show	NN
environment	NN
through	IN
excessive	JJ
noise	NN
,	,
heat	NN
,	,
light	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
This	DT
includes	VBZ
,	,
but	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
,	,
commercial	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
products	NNS
,	,
and	CC
ventures	NNS
provided	VBN
by	IN
college\/employer	NN
members	NNS
to	TO
increase	VB
revenues	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
commercial	JJ
products	NNS
,	,
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
ventures	NNS
of	IN
affiliate	NN
members	NNS
.	.
Organizations\/institutions	NNS
not	RB
complying	VBG
with	IN
this	DT
policy	NN
will	MD
be	VB
asked	VBN
to	TO
remove	VB
any	DT
mention	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
from	IN
their	PRP$
materials	NNS
;	:
failure	NN
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
could	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
an	DT
infringement	NN
on	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
trademarked	VBN
name	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
any	DT
questions	NNS
about	IN
using	VBG
NACE	NNP
copyrighted	VBN
or	CC
trademarked	VBN
materials	NNS
,	,
contact	NN
Claudia	NNP
Allen	NNP
at	IN
callen@naceweb.org	NNP
for	IN
a	DT
determination	NN
.	.
ASCAP\/BMI	NNP
.	.
Plans	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
music	NN
must	MD
be	VB
submitted	VBN
to	TO
NACE	VB
on	IN
or	CC
before	IN
February	NNP
28	CD
,	,
2007	CD
.	.
Exhibitors	NNS
shall	MD
have	VB
the	DT
sole	JJ
and	CC
exclusive	JJ
responsibility	NN
to	TO
arrange	VB
for	IN
obtaining	VBG
the	DT
necessary	JJ
music	NN
licenses	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
exhibitor	NN
will	MD
indemnify	VB
and	CC
hold	VB
harmless	JJ
NACE	NNP
for	IN
any	DT
copyright	NN
violations	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
exhibitor	NN
's	POS
failure	NN
to	TO
obtain	VB
said	VBD
music	NN
licenses	NNS
.	.
Exhibit	NN
Space	NNP
Assignments	NNP
are	VBP
made	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
first	JJ
come	VBN
,	,
first	JJ
served	VBD
basis	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
reserves	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
alter	VB
an	DT
exhibitor	NN
's	POS
assigned	VBN
space	NN
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
deemed	VBN
necessary	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
interests	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
exposition	NN
.	.
Before	IN
exercising	VBG
its	PRP$
discretion	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
will	MD
consult	VB
with	IN
the	DT
exhibitor	NN
.	.
Damage	NN
to	TO
Property	NN
caused	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
exhibitor	NN
will	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
for	IN
by	IN
that	DT
exhibitor	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
not	RB
paint	VB
,	,
tape	NN
,	,
nail	NN
,	,
screw	NN
,	,
drill	NN
,	,
or	CC
tack	NN
anything	NN
to	TO
the	DT
walls	NNS
,	,
columns	NNS
,	,
floor	NN
,	,
or	CC
ceiling	NN
of	IN
the	DT
building	NN
;	:
adjoining	JJ
displays	NNS
;	:
or	CC
the	DT
official	JJ
contractor	NN
's	POS
display	NN
material	NN
.	.
Americans	NNPS
With	IN
Disabilities	NNP
Act	NNP
.	.
Exhibitor	NN
shall	MD
advise	VB
NACE	NNP
no	RB
later	RB
than	IN
one	CD
month	NN
before	IN
the	DT
event	NN
if	IN
exhibitor	NN
requires	VBZ
an	DT
accommodation	NN
due	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
disability	NN
for	IN
access	NN
to	TO
and	CC
around	IN
the	DT
exhibit	NN
area	NN
.	.
Fire	NNP
Department	NNP
Regulations	NNPS
must	MD
be	VB
observed	VBN
.	.
Display	NN
and	CC
packing	NN
material	NN
must	MD
be	VB
flame-retardant	JJ
.	.
Electrical	JJ
equipment	NN
must	MD
be	VB
UL-approved	JJ
and	CC
must	MD
be	VB
wired	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
licensed	JJ
electrician	NN
.	.
Exhibitor	NN
shall	MD
confine	VB
their	PRP$
activities	NNS
to	TO
conform	VB
to	TO
the	DT
specifications	NNS
set	VBN
out	RP
for	IN
the	DT
exhibit	NN
by	IN
the	DT
general	JJ
agreements	NNS
between	IN
NACE	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Anaheim	NNP
Marriott	NNP
.	.
Insurance	NN
.	.
All	DT
exhibitors	NNS
,	,
their	PRP$
contractors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
suppliers	NNS
working	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
exhibit	NN
hall	NN
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
carry	VB
liability	NN
and	CC
property	NN
insurance	NN
,	,
and	CC
workers	NNS
'	POS
compensation	NN
insurance	NN
.	.
Exhibitors	NNS
must	MD
operate	VB
and	CC
maintain	VB
their	PRP$
exhibit	NN
so	IN
that	IN
no	DT
injury	NN
will	MD
result	VB
to	TO
any	DT
person	NN
or	CC
property	NN
.	.
Hazardous	JJ
and	CC
nuisance	NN
causing	VBG
giveaways	NNS
are	VBP
prohibited	VBN
.	.
All	DT
exhibitors	NNS
are	VBP
strongly	RB
urged	VBN
to	TO
obtain	VB
full-coverage	JJ
temporary	JJ
insurance	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
merchandise	NN
and	CC
displays	NNS
while	IN
in	IN
transit	NN
and	CC
while	NN
at	IN
the	DT
exposition	NN
.	.
Liability	NN
.	.
Exhibitor	NN
shall	MD
make	VB
no	DT
claim	NN
of	IN
any	DT
kind	NN
against	IN
NACE	NNP
,	,
its	PRP$
agents	NNS
or	CC
employees	NNS
;	:
or	CC
the	DT
Marriott	NNP
Marquis	NNP
,	,
its	PRP$
agents	NNS
,	,
or	CC
employees	NNS
for	IN
any	DT
loss	NN
,	,
damage	NN
,	,
theft	NN
,	,
or	CC
destruction	NN
of	IN
goods	NNS
;	:
nor	CC
for	IN
any	DT
injury	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
occur	VB
to	TO
itself	PRP
or	CC
its	PRP$
employees	NNS
while	IN
in	IN
the	DT
Exhibit	NN
Hall	NNP
;	:
nor	CC
any	DT
damage	NN
of	IN
any	DT
nature	NN
or	CC
character	NN
whatsoever	RB
,	,
and	CC
without	IN
limiting	VBG
the	DT
foregoing	NN
including	VBG
any	DT
damage	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
business	NN
by	IN
reason	NN
of	IN
the	DT
failure	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
space	NN
for	IN
an	DT
exhibit	NN
or	CC
removal	NN
of	IN
the	DT
exhibit	NN
or	CC
for	IN
any	DT
action	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
or	CC
its	PRP$
participants	NNS
,	,
agents	NNS
,	,
or	CC
employees	NNS
in	IN
relation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
exhibit	NN
or	CC
exhibitor	NN
.	.
Indemnification	NN
by	IN
Exhibitor	NNP
.	.
Exhibitor	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
solely	RB
responsible	JJ
to	TO
its	PRP$
agents	NNS
and	CC
employees	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
all	DT
third	JJ
persons	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
invitees	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
public	NN
for	IN
all	DT
claims	NNS
,	,
liabilities	NNS
,	,
actions	NNS
,	,
costs	NNS
,	,
damages	NNS
and	CC
expenses	NNS
arising	VBG
out	IN
of	IN
or	CC
relating	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
custody	NN
,	,
possession	NN
,	,
operation	NN
,	,
maintenance	NN
or	CC
control	NN
of	IN
the	DT
leased	VBN
space	NN
or	CC
exhibit	NN
,	,
for	IN
negligence	NN
or	CC
otherwise	RB
relating	VBG
there	RB
to	TO
.	.
Exhibitor	NN
shall	MD
indemnify	VB
and	CC
hold	VB
harmless	JJ
NACE	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
exposition	NN
location	NN
for	IN
all	DT
liability	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
Exhibitors	NNS
'	POS
exhibit	NN
or	CC
any	DT
act	NN
or	CC
omission	NN
of	IN
exhibitor	NN
or	CC
any	DT
of	IN
its	PRP$
employees	NNS
or	CC
agents	NNS
;	:
including	VBG
accident	NN
or	CC
injury	NN
to	TO
invitees	NNS
,	,
guests	NNS
,	,
exhibitors	NNS
,	,
their	PRP$
agents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
employees	NNS
and	CC
including	VBG
loss	NN
or	CC
damage	NN
to	TO
personal	JJ
property	NN
.	.
Food	NNP
and	CC
Beverages	NNPS
must	MD
be	VB
purchased	VBN
from	IN
Marriott	NNP
Marquis	NNP
,	,
unless	IN
incident	NN
to	TO
the	DT
exhibitor	NN
's	POS
product	NN
line	NN
with	IN
written	VBN
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Marriott	NNP
Marquis	NNP
.	.
IMPORTANT	NNP
:	:
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
room	NN
service	NN
from	IN
the	DT
conference	NN
hotel	NN
to	TO
the	DT
exhibit	NN
hall	NN
.	.
All	DT
arrangements	NNS
for	IN
food	NN
and	CC
beverage	NN
for	IN
special	JJ
needs	NNS
over	IN
and	CC
above	IN
the	DT
planned	VBN
functions	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
catering	NN
department	NN
by	IN
April	NNP
7	CD
,	,
2007	CD
.	.
Labor	NN
and	CC
Contractors	NNS
.	.
Exhibitors	NNS
that	WDT
plan	VBP
to	TO
use	VB
outside	JJ
contractors	NNS
must	MD
notify	VB
NACE	NNP
in	IN
writing	VBG
60	CD
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
exposition	NN
.	.
Outside	JJ
contractors	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
supply	VB
verification	NN
of	IN
liability	NN
insurance	NN
coverage	NN
.	.
All	DT
labor	NN
must	MD
have	VB
local	JJ
union	NN
clearance	NN
.	.
Soliciting	VBG
outside	IN
the	DT
confines	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
exhibitor	NN
's	POS
assigned	VBN
space	NN
is	VBZ
prohibited	VBN
.	.
NACE	NNP
reserves	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
distribute	VB
any	DT
National	NNP
Meeting	VBG
materials	NNS
and	CC
NACE	NNP
information	NN
to	TO
all	DT
attendees	NNS
and	CC
exhibitors	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
exhibit	NN
hall	NN
.	.
Competitive	JJ
Events	NNS
including	VBG
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
meetings	NNS
,	,
social	JJ
functions	NNS
,	,
forums	NNS
,	,
sessions	NNS
,	,
off-site	JJ
events	NNS
,	,
or	CC
scheduling	NN
attendee	NN
transportation	NN
which	WDT
overlap	VBP
or	CC
conflict	VBP
with	IN
any	DT
scheduled	JJ
conference	NN
or	CC
exposition	NN
event	NN
is	VBZ
strictly	RB
prohibited	VBN
.	.
Violation	NN
of	IN
this	DT
clause	NN
may	MD
result	VB
in	IN
expulsion	NN
from	IN
the	DT
exhibit	NN
hall	NN
and\/or	CC
exclusion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
from	IN
exhibiting	VBG
at	IN
future	JJ
conferences	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
discretion	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
Right	RB
to	TO
Eject	VB
Exhibitors	NNS
.	.
Exhibitor	NNP
understands	VBZ
and	CC
agrees	VBZ
that	IN
their	PRP$
attendance	NN
and	CC
participation	NN
at	IN
the	DT
exhibition	NN
must	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
all	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
Contract	NN
.	.
If	IN
NACE	NNP
determines	VBZ
the	DT
exhibitor	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
breach	NN
of	IN
this	DT
Contract	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
may	MD
terminate	VB
this	DT
Contract	NN
and	CC
eject	VB
the	DT
exhibitor	NN
from	IN
the	DT
show	NN
floor	NN
without	IN
a	DT
refund	NN
or	CC
liability	NN
to	TO
NACE	NNP
.	.
Exhibitor	NNP
understands	VBZ
that	IN
a	DT
condition	NN
of	IN
exhibiting	VBG
is	VBZ
adhering	VBG
to	TO
proper	JJ
exhibitor	NN
conduct	NN
at	IN
all	DT
times	NNS
while	IN
participating	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
show	NN
.	.
Proper	JJ
conduct	NN
includes	VBZ
,	,
but	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
:	:
exhibitor	NN
staying	VBG
within	IN
the	DT
confines	NNS
of	IN
his\/her	NN
designated	VBN
booth	NN
space	NN
,	,
not	RB
soliciting	VBG
attendees	NNS
outside	IN
of	IN
your	PRP$
booth	NN
,	,
not	RB
occupying	VBG
another	DT
exhibitor	NN
's	POS
booth	NN
,	,
or	CC
not	RB
distributing	VBG
materials	NNS
outside	IN
the	DT
designated	VBN
booth	NN
area	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
activity	NN
will	MD
be	VB
deemed	VBN
improper	JJ
conduct	NN
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
grounds	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
exhibitor	NN
being	VBG
removed	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
exhibit	NN
floor	NN
at	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
sole	JJ
discretion	NN
.	.
Exhibitor	NNP
Registration	NNP
is	VBZ
limited	VBN
to	TO
sales	NNS
,	,
marketing	NN
,	,
management	NN
and	CC
special	JJ
booth	NN
personnel	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
reserves	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
limit	VB
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
exhibitor	NN
personnel	NNS
.	.
Additional	JJ
personnel	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
purchase	VB
full	JJ
conference	NN
registrations	NNS
.	.
Installation	NN
,	,
Show	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Dismantling	VBG
hours	NNS
and	CC
dates	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
those	DT
specified	VBN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
Packing	VBG
of	IN
exhibits	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
close	NN
of	IN
the	DT
exposition	NN
is	VBZ
prohibited	VBN
.	.
Exhibitor	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
liable	JJ
for	IN
all	DT
storage	NN
and	CC
handling	NN
charges	NNS
for	IN
failure	NN
to	TO
remove	VB
exhibits	NNS
by	IN
specified	JJ
time	NN
and	CC
date	NN
.	.
Governing	NNP
Law	NNP
and	CC
Jurisdiction	NN
.	.
This	DT
agreement	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
governed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
internal	JJ
laws	NNS
of	IN
Pennsylvania	NNP
.	.
The	DT
parties	NNS
hereby	RB
submit	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
exclusive	JJ
jurisdiction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
state	NN
and	CC
federal	JJ
courts	NNS
in	IN
Pennsylvania	NNP
governing	VBG
any	DT
disputes	NNS
concerning	VBG
this	DT
agreement	NN
,	,
and	CC
further	JJ
agree	VBP
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
subject	JJ
to	TO
personal	JJ
jurisdiction	NN
in	IN
Pennsylvania	NNP
in	IN
any	DT
such	JJ
dispute	NN
.	.
Merger	NNP
Clause	NN
.	.
The	DT
parties	NNS
agree	VBP
that	IN
this	DT
Agreement	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
,	,
any	DT
other	JJ
Agreement	NN
referred	VBD
to	TO
herein	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
contain	VBP
the	DT
complete	JJ
agreement	NN
between	IN
the	DT
parties	NNS
and	CC
supersede	VB
any	DT
prior	JJ
understandings	NNS
,	,
agreements	NNS
,	,
or	CC
representations	NNS
by	IN
or	CC
between	IN
the	DT
parties	NNS
,	,
written	VBN
or	CC
oral	JJ
,	,
which	WDT
may	MD
have	VB
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
subject	JJ
matter	NN
hereof	NN
in	IN
any	DT
way	NN
.	.
Cancellation	NN
of	IN
Exposition	NNP
.	.
If	IN
NACE	NNP
should	MD
be	VB
prevented	VBN
from	IN
holding	VBG
the	DT
exposition	NN
for	IN
any	DT
reason	NN
beyond	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
control	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
damage	VB
to	TO
building	NN
,	,
riots	NNS
,	,
strikes	VBZ
breached	VBN
by	IN
exposition	NN
location	NN
,	,
acts	NNS
of	IN
government	NN
,	,
or	CC
acts	NNS
of	IN
God	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
then	RB
NACE	NNP
has	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
cancel	VB
the	DT
exposition	NN
or	CC
any	DT
part	NN
thereof	RB
,	,
with	IN
no	DT
further	JJ
liability	NN
to	TO
the	DT
exhibitor	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
a	DT
refund	NN
of	IN
exhibit	NN
fees	NNS
less	RBR
a	DT
proportionate	JJ
share	NN
of	IN
the	DT
exposition	NN
cost	NN
incurred	VBN
.	.
Association	NNP
of	IN
Appointments	NNP
Secretaries	NNPS
,	,
after	IN
the	DT
British	JJ
position	NN
title	NN
,	,
``	``
appointments	NNS
secretary	NN
,	,
''	''
also	RB
known	VBN
as	IN
``	``
placement	NN
director	NN
''	''
in	IN
this	DT
country	NN
.	.
Of	IN
the	DT
12	CD
representatives	NNS
who	WP
founded	VBD
the	DT
pioneer	NN
organization	NN
,	,
11	CD
were	VBD
women	NNS
.	.
Their	PRP$
primary	JJ
concern	NN
was	VBD
teacher	NN
placement	NN
.	.
University	NNP
of	IN
Pennsylvania	NNP
,	,
helped	VBD
to	TO
establish	VB
the	DT
Pennsylvania	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
School	NNP
and	CC
College	NNP
Placement	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
also	RB
was	VBD
the	DT
editor	NN
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
edition	NN
of	IN
School	NNP
and	CC
College	NNP
Placement	NNP
,	,
the	DT
first	JJ
formal	JJ
attempt	NN
to	TO
establish	VB
a	DT
national	JJ
communications	NNS
vehicle	NN
among	IN
all	DT
interested	JJ
recruiters	NNS
and	CC
placement	NN
officials	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
1990s	CD
,	,
CPC	NNP
continued	VBD
to	TO
expand	VB
its	PRP$
services	NNS
including	VBG
roundtables	NNS
for	IN
employers	NNS
,	,
a	DT
one-week	JJ
management	NN
training	NN
program	NN
for	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
more	JJR
research	NN
studies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
introduction	NN
of	IN
JobWeb	NNP
,	,
the	DT
association	NN
's	POS
first	JJ
Internet	NNP
web	NN
site	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
is	VBZ
governed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Regional	NNP
Directors	NNS
consisting	VBG
of	IN
one	CD
representative	NN
from	IN
each	DT
regional	JJ
association	NN
plus	CC
six	CD
at-large	JJ
directors	NNS
and	CC
five	CD
officers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
meets	VBZ
twice	RB
a	DT
year	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
leading	VBG
source	NN
of	IN
information	NN
for	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
on	IN
college	NN
campuses	NNS
who	WP
advise	VBP
students	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
in	IN
career	NN
development	NN
and	CC
the	DT
employment	NN
process	NN
,	,
and	CC
for	IN
human	JJ
resources	NNS
professionals	NNS
who	WP
recruit	VBP
and	CC
hire	VBP
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
represents	VBZ
the	DT
interest	NN
of	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
1,800	CD
college	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
offices	NNS
at	IN
four-year	JJ
,	,
two-year	JJ
,	,
technical	JJ
,	,
and	CC
graduate	JJ
schools	NNS
and	CC
more	JJR
than	IN
1,000	CD
HR\/staffing	VBG
functions	NNS
in	IN
business	NN
,	,
industry	NN
,	,
nonprofit	JJ
organizations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
government	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
provides	VBZ
research	NN
and	CC
information	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
professional	JJ
members	NNS
through	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
,	,
quarterly	JJ
surveys	NNS
of	IN
starting	VBG
salary	NN
offers	NNS
to	TO
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
,	,
a	DT
quarterly	JJ
journal	NN
,	,
a	DT
biweekly	JJ
newsletter	NN
,	,
and	CC
surveys	NNS
of	IN
employer	NN
and	CC
college	NN
members	NNS
.	.
Vocational	NNP
Rehabilitation	NNP
Act	NNP
of	IN
1973	CD
prohibits	VBZ
the	DT
federal	JJ
government	NN
and	CC
federal	JJ
contractors	NNS
from	IN
discriminating	VBG
against	IN
qualified	VBN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
and	CC
requires	VBZ
these	DT
employers	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
reasonable	JJ
accommodations	NNS
to	TO
disabled	JJ
employees	NNS
.	.
Buckley	NNP
Amendment	NNP
,	,
protects	VBZ
the	DT
privacy	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
indiscriminate	JJ
collection	NN
,	,
maintenance	NN
,	,
and	CC
disclosure	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
release	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
personally	RB
identifiable	JJ
student	NN
information	NN
.	.
The	DT
law	NN
gives	VBZ
students	NNS
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
inspect	VB
their	PRP$
educational	JJ
records	NNS
and	CC
prohibits	VBZ
educational	JJ
institutions	NNS
from	IN
disclosing	VBG
a	DT
student	NN
's	POS
record	NN
without	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
consent	NN
.	.
EEOC	NNP
,	,
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
departments	NNS
of	IN
Labor	NNP
and	CC
Justice	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Civil	NNP
Service	NNP
Commission	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Revenue	NNP
Sharing	VBG
adopt	VB
Uniform	NNP
Guidelines	NNS
on	IN
Employee	NNP
Selection	NNP
Procedures	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
UGESP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
guidelines	NNS
protect	VBP
the	DT
rights	NNS
of	IN
job	NN
applicants	NNS
and	CC
employees	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
selected	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
job-related	JJ
standards	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
require	VBP
employers	NNS
to	TO
justify	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
tests	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
selection	NN
procedures	NNS
that	WDT
disproportionately	RB
exclude	VBP
members	NNS
of	IN
protected	JJ
classes	NNS
.	.
Act	NNP
.	.
IRCA	NNP
states	VBZ
that	IN
employers	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
sanctioned	VBN
and	CC
fined	VBN
for	IN
hiring	VBG
illegal	JJ
aliens	NNS
,	,
and	CC
prohibits	VBZ
employers	NNS
from	IN
discriminating	VBG
against	IN
those	DT
who	WP
are	VBP
authorized	VBN
to	TO
work	VB
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
national	JJ
origin	NN
or	CC
citizenship	NN
.	.
With	IN
Disabilities	NNP
Act	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ADA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
gives	VBZ
civil	JJ
rights	NNS
protections	NNS
to	TO
individuals	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
similar	JJ
to	TO
those	DT
provided	VBN
to	TO
individuals	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
race	NN
,	,
color	NN
,	,
sex	NN
,	,
national	JJ
origin	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
and	CC
religion	NN
.	.
It	PRP
guarantees	VBZ
equal	JJ
opportunity	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
in	IN
public	JJ
accommodations	NNS
,	,
employment	NN
,	,
transportation	NN
,	,
state	NN
and	CC
local	JJ
government	NN
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
telecommunications	NNS
.	.
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
,	,
recognizing	VBG
the	DT
new	JJ
structure	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
value	NN
of	IN
both	DT
member	NN
constituencies	NNS
.	.
JobWeb	NNP
,	,
NACE	NNP
's	POS
new	JJ
web	NN
site	NN
,	,
goes	VBZ
live	JJ
.	.
Individual	JJ
membership	NN
is	VBZ
offered	VBN
to	TO
staff	NN
at	IN
member	NN
organizations	NNS
.	.
Management	NN
and	CC
shareholders	NNS
,	,
among	IN
others	NNS
,	,
now	RB
hold	VBP
the	DT
college	NN
recruiting	NN
function	NN
of	IN
organizations	NNS
accountable	JJ
for	IN
how	WRB
staff	NN
spend	VBP
time	NN
,	,
how	WRB
they	PRP
recruit	VBP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
successful	JJ
candidates	NNS
they	PRP
bring	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
organization	NN
,	,
explains	VBZ
Vanessa	NNP
Strauss	NNP
,	,
senior	JJ
advisor	NN
to	TO
director	NN
and	CC
deputy	NN
director	NN
,	,
division	NN
of	IN
administration	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Federal	NNP
Deposit	NNP
Insurance	NNP
Corporation	NNP
and	CC
NACE	NNP
Past	NNP
President	NNP
.	.
Innovations	NNS
in	IN
technology	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
and	CC
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
be	VB
an	DT
integral	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
forward	JJ
progression	NN
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
HR\/staffing	VBG
profession	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
association	NN
.	.
Could	MD
those	DT
who	WP
published	VBD
the	DT
first	JJ
issues	NNS
of	IN
School	NNP
and	CC
College	NNP
Placement	NNP
in	IN
black	JJ
and	CC
white	JJ
have	VBP
envisioned	VBN
the	DT
colorful	JJ
magazine	NN
that	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Journal	NNP
has	VBZ
become	VBN
?	.
Telephone	NNP
technology	NN
now	RB
enables	VBZ
NACE	NNP
committees	NNS
and	CC
task	NN
forces	NNS
to	TO
hold	VB
conference	NN
calls	NNS
,	,
saving	VBG
time	NN
and	CC
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
bringing	VBG
people	NNS
together	RB
from	IN
all	DT
over	IN
the	DT
country	NN
.	.
Those	DT
attending	VBG
the	DT
first	JJ
programs	NNS
offered	VBN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
probably	RB
would	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
skeptical	JJ
if	IN
told	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
association	NN
eventually	RB
would	MD
offer	VB
virtual	JJ
seminars	NNS
that	WDT
members	NNS
could	MD
attend	VB
without	IN
leaving	VBG
their	PRP$
offices	NNS
.	.
Established	VBN
in	IN
June	NNP
1994	CD
,	,
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Academy	NNP
of	IN
Fellows	NNPS
recognizes	VBZ
those	DT
individuals	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
contributed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
HR\/staffing	VBG
professions	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
advancement	NN
of	IN
knowledge	NN
,	,
leadership	NN
,	,
or	CC
excellence	NN
in	IN
professional	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
Has	VBZ
she	PRP
ever	RB
.	.
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
for	IN
Camacho	NNP
,	,
that	DT
's	VBZ
nothing	NN
new	JJ
.	.
Camacho	NNP
was	VBD
one	CD
of	IN
seven	CD
children	NNS
growing	VBG
up	RP
in	IN
rural	JJ
Texas	NNP
.	.
Her	PRP$
father	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
custodian	NN
;	:
her	PRP$
mother	NN
a	DT
housewife	NN
.	.
Her	PRP$
family	NN
also	RB
worked	VBD
as	IN
migrant	JJ
workers	NNS
who	WP
took	VBD
jobs	NNS
as	IN
far	RB
away	RB
as	IN
California	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
hard	JJ
work	NN
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
work	VB
in	IN
fields	NNS
the	DT
rest	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
life	NN
,	,
''	''
Camacho	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
educated	VBN
.	.
My	PRP$
life	NN
helped	VBD
me	PRP
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
strong	JJ
work	NN
ethic	NN
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
have	VB
support	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
a	DT
college	NN
student	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
because	IN
I	PRP
was	VBD
first-generation	JJ
.	.
''	''
As	IN
SCCC	NNP
's	POS
director	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
cooperative	JJ
education	NN
,	,
Camacho	NNP
would	MD
attend	VB
functions	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
white	JJ
co-worker	NN
.	.
People	NNS
who	WP
met	VBD
the	DT
pair	NN
automatically	RB
assumed	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
co-worker	NN
was	VBD
the	DT
director	NN
,	,
Camacho	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
In	IN
the	DT
27	CD
years	NNS
that	IN
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
field	NN
,	,
I	PRP
've	VBP
had	VBD
to	TO
stand	VB
up	RP
for	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
be	VB
an	DT
advocate	NN
for	IN
them	PRP
,	,
especially	RB
in	IN
discrimination	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
''	''
Camacho	NNP
explains	VBZ
.	.
``	``
These	DT
are	VBP
people	NNS
making	VBG
positive	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
.	.
Through	IN
my	PRP$
work	NN
,	,
I	PRP
've	VBP
forced	VBN
myself	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
more	RBR
comfortable	JJ
with	IN
who	WP
I	PRP
am	VBP
.	.
''	''
Camacho	NNP
strives	VBZ
to	TO
serve	VB
all	DT
students	NNS
as	IN
effectively	RB
as	IN
possible	JJ
.	.
Of	IN
today	NN
's	POS
minority	NN
students	NNS
,	,
Camacho	NNP
says	VBZ
,	,
``	``
They	PRP
are	VBP
more	RBR
aware	JJ
of	IN
their	PRP$
options	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
them	PRP
are	VBP
first-generation	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
college	NN
students	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
them	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
know	VB
what	WP
was	VBD
out	IN
there	RB
.	.
But	CC
today	NN
,	,
they	PRP
have	VBP
broadened	VBN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
experience	NN
outside	IN
what	WP
they	PRP
have	VBP
traditionally	RB
known	VBN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
confidence	NN
to	TO
pursue	VB
higher	JJR
education	NN
beyond	IN
a	DT
bachelor	NN
's	POS
degree	NN
.	.
''	''
During	IN
a	DT
press	NN
conference	NN
in	IN
July	NNP
2003	CD
,	,
President	NNP
Bush	NNP
praised	VBD
community	NN
colleges	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
adaptability	NN
and	CC
accessibility	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
an	DT
example	NN
of	IN
a	DT
shift	NN
in	IN
perception	NN
that	IN
Jeff	NNP
Nardo	NNP
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
coordinator	NN
at	IN
Coastal	NNP
Carolina	NNP
Community	NNP
College	NNP
in	IN
Jacksonville	NNP
,	,
North	NNP
Carolina	NNP
,	,
has	VBZ
noticed	VBN
during	IN
his	PRP$
12-plus	JJ
years	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
``	``
The	DT
perception	NN
has	VBZ
changed	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
stereotype	NN
of	IN
two-year	JJ
schools	NNS
as	IN
those	DT
primarily	RB
offering	VBG
`	``
basket	NN
weaving	VBG
'	''
and	CC
other	JJ
fluffy	JJ
classes	NNS
,	,
''	''
he	PRP
explains	VBZ
.	.
``	``
People	NNS
are	VBP
realizing	VBG
that	IN
we	PRP
are	VBP
an	DT
affordable	JJ
,	,
quality	NN
option	NN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
to	TO
pursue	VB
the	DT
first	JJ
two	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
studies	NNS
toward	IN
a	DT
four-year	JJ
degree	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
As	IN
most	JJS
people	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
career	NN
development	NN
are	VBP
aware	JJ
,	,
there	EX
has	VBZ
been	VBN
substantial	JJ
growth	NN
in	IN
careers	NNS
requiring	VBG
two	CD
years	NNS
or	CC
less	JJR
of	IN
training	NN
,	,
for	IN
which	WDT
employers	NNS
have	VBP
job	NN
openings	NNS
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
which	WDT
-RRB-	-RRB-
job	NN
seekers	NNS
are	VBP
interested	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
viable	JJ
option	NN
to	TO
jobs\/careers	NNS
requiring	VBG
a	DT
four-year	JJ
degree	NN
.	.
''	''
Nardo	NNP
explains	VBZ
.	.
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
President	NNP
Bush	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
has	VBZ
addressed	VBN
this	DT
in	IN
some	DT
of	IN
his	PRP$
initiatives	NNS
,	,
realizing	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
work	NN
force	NN
of	IN
the	DT
21st	JJ
century	NN
will	MD
depend	VB
significantly	RB
on	IN
skills	NNS
that	WDT
two-year	JJ
schools	NNS
can	MD
develop	VB
.	.
''	''
Explains	NNP
Nardo	NNP
:	:
``	``
It	PRP
is	VBZ
of	IN
critical	JJ
importance	NN
for	IN
those	DT
of	IN
us	PRP
at	IN
two-year	JJ
schools	NNS
to	TO
participate	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
in	IN
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
for	IN
Associate	NNP
Degree	NNP
Candidates	NNPS
-RRB-	-RRB-
because	IN
it	PRP
provides	VBZ
us	PRP
a	DT
resource	NN
to	TO
be	VB
more	RBR
effective	JJ
in	IN
providing	VBG
accurate	JJ
,	,
up-to-date	JJ
information	NN
on	IN
a	DT
topic	NN
of	IN
importance	NN
to	TO
our	PRP$
students	NNS
,	,
in	IN
careers	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
information	NN
resources	NNS
that	WDT
surveys	VBZ
graduating	VBG
students	NNS
is	VBZ
limited	VBN
or	CC
non-existent	JJ
.	.
''	''
``	``
Also	RB
,	,
we	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
to	TO
effectively	RB
evaluate	VB
,	,
select	VB
,	,
and	CC
use	VB
technology	NN
to	TO
enhance	VB
delivery	NN
of	IN
all	DT
services	NNS
,	,
while	IN
not	RB
becoming	VBG
overwhelmed	VBN
with	IN
options	NNS
,	,
and	CC
do	VB
so	RB
without	IN
losing	VBG
the	DT
`	``
personal	JJ
touch	NN
'	''
that	WDT
sets	VBZ
many	JJ
two-year	JJ
schools	NNS
apart	RB
from	IN
others	NNS
.	.
''	''
Sam	NNP
M.	NNP
Walton	NNP
College	NNP
of	IN
Business	NNP
.	.
``	``
Life	NNP
is	VBZ
so	RB
serious	JJ
,	,
but	CC
learning	VBG
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
;	:
it	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
exciting	JJ
and	CC
fun	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
tend	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
nervous	JJ
,	,
uptight	JJ
,	,
overconfident	JJ
,	,
not	RB
confident	JJ
enough	RB
,	,
and	CC
wavering	VBG
about	IN
their	PRP$
job	NN
search	NN
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
we	PRP
can	MD
get	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
relax	VB
with	IN
a	DT
bit	NN
of	IN
added	VBN
humor	NN
,	,
it	PRP
only	RB
makes	VBZ
it	PRP
easier	JJR
for	IN
them	PRP
.	.
''	''
Stiefer	NNP
has	VBZ
a	DT
wealth	NN
of	IN
hilarious	JJ
experience	NN
to	TO
draw	VB
from	IN
.	.
Her	PRP$
first	JJ
job	NN
was	VBD
as	IN
a	DT
ranch	NN
hand	NN
on	IN
a	DT
dude	NN
ranch	NN
in	IN
Colorado	NNP
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
she	PRP
has	VBZ
conducted	VBN
legal	JJ
research	NN
on	IN
personal	JJ
injury	NN
and	CC
criminal	JJ
cases	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
law	NN
firm	NN
,	,
sold	VBD
waterbeds	NNS
and	CC
prepaid	JJ
legal	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
was	VBD
a	DT
day	NN
care	NN
teacher	NN
while	IN
trying	VBG
to	TO
figure	VB
out	RP
what	WP
she	PRP
``	``
should	MD
do	VB
''	''
for	IN
a	DT
career	NN
.	.
Stiefer	NNP
notes	NNS
.	.
``	``
We	PRP
actually	RB
have	VBP
faculty	NN
members	NNS
and	CC
administrators	NNS
that	WDT
come	VBP
and	CC
sit	VBP
in	IN
our	PRP$
office	NN
to	TO
visit	VB
for	IN
no	DT
reason	NN
or	CC
they	PRP
stop	VBP
by	IN
our	PRP$
office	NN
for	IN
a	DT
cup	NN
of	IN
coffee	NN
on	IN
their	PRP$
way	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
office	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Our	PRP$
career	NN
center	NN
has	VBZ
-RRB-	-RRB-
a	DT
staff	NN
of	IN
four	CD
and	CC
one	CD
of	IN
us	PRP
usually	RB
has	VBZ
a	DT
funny	JJ
story	NN
for	IN
that	DT
morning	NN
.	.
Faculty	NN
members	NNS
are	VBP
very	RB
open	JJ
to	TO
our	PRP$
office	NN
,	,
and	CC
,	,
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
fun	NN
atmosphere	NN
that	IN
we	PRP
have	VBP
created	VBN
,	,
they	PRP
like	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
and	CC
are	VBP
terrific	JJ
partners	NNS
for	IN
us	PRP
.	.
They	PRP
send	VBP
students	NNS
to	TO
us	PRP
and	CC
help	VB
us	PRP
connect	VB
with	IN
employers	NNS
.	.
''	''
Stiefer	NNP
explains	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
critical	JJ
that	IN
leaders	NNS
separate	JJ
humor	NN
and	CC
creativity	NN
from	IN
silliness	NN
and	CC
goofing	VBG
around	RP
.	.
Creativity	NN
,	,
she	PRP
says	VBZ
,	,
involves	VBZ
drawing	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
staff	NN
's	POS
unique	JJ
capacities	NNS
,	,
outlooks	NNS
,	,
and	CC
insights	NNS
.	.
If	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
positive	JJ
atmosphere	NN
in	IN
a	DT
career	NN
center	NN
,	,
then	RB
it	PRP
can	MD
only	RB
help	VB
those	DT
who	WP
enter	VBP
there	RB
to	TO
view	VB
challenges	NNS
as	IN
opportunities	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
constantly	RB
be	VB
recreating	VBG
our	PRP$
offices	NNS
,	,
recreating	VBG
ourselves	PRP
,	,
recreating	VBG
culture	NN
.	.
Change	NNP
is	VBZ
inevitable	JJ
,	,
but	CC
growth	NN
is	VBZ
optional	JJ
,	,
and	CC
if	IN
career	NN
center	NN
administrators	NNS
are	VBP
n't	RB
growing	VBG
,	,
then	RB
I	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
very	RB
concerned	JJ
.	.
''	''
``	``
Humor	NNP
and	CC
laughter	NN
are	VBP
great	JJ
stress	NN
relievers	NNS
and	CC
I	PRP
am	VBP
a	DT
strong	JJ
proponent	NN
of	IN
both	DT
of	IN
them	PRP
,	,
''	''
Stiefer	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
humor	NN
can	MD
contribute	VB
to	TO
an	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
goals	NNS
,	,
make	VBP
it	PRP
a	DT
better	JJR
place	NN
to	TO
work	VB
,	,
and	CC
lead	NN
to	TO
happier	JJR
,	,
more	RBR
productive	JJ
,	,
and	CC
less-stressed	JJ
employees	NNS
.	.
''	''
Stiefer	NNP
explains	VBZ
that	IN
her	PRP$
personal	JJ
prescription	NN
for	IN
health	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
accomplish	VB
four	CD
things	NNS
each	DT
day	NN
:	:
drink	NN
plenty	NN
of	IN
water	NN
;	:
exercise	VB
her	PRP$
mind	NN
and	CC
body	NN
;	:
laugh	NN
as	RB
much	RB
as	IN
humanly	RB
possible	JJ
,	,
which	WDT
involves	VBZ
looking	VBG
at	IN
the	DT
world	NN
in	IN
a	DT
very	RB
different	JJ
way	NN
;	:
and	CC
meditate	VB
because	IN
everybody	NN
needs	VBZ
moments	NNS
alone	RB
to	TO
reflect	VB
and	CC
refocus	VB
.	.
Stiefer	NNP
explains	VBZ
.	.
``	``
It	PRP
makes	VBZ
it	PRP
so	RB
much	RB
easier	JJR
to	TO
face	VB
each	DT
day	NN
to	TO
find	VB
the	DT
joy	NN
in	IN
living	NN
...	:
and	CC
if	IN
I	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
,	,
the	DT
fault	NN
lies	VBZ
within	IN
me	PRP
.	.
I	PRP
take	VBP
what	WP
I	PRP
do	VBP
very	RB
seriously	RB
,	,
but	CC
I	PRP
really	RB
never	RB
take	VB
myself	PRP
seriously	RB
.	.
''	''
``	``
I	PRP
was	VBD
hoping	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
parents	NNS
would	MD
see	VB
the	DT
card	NN
,	,
''	''
Bowen	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
Because	IN
what	WP
it	PRP
would	MD
promote	VB
is	VBZ
that	IN
we	PRP
are	VBP
personally	RB
interested	JJ
in	IN
their	PRP$
sons	NNS
and	CC
daughters	NNS
and	CC
,	,
hopefully	RB
,	,
make	VB
a	DT
positive	JJ
impression	NN
on	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Business	NN
is	VBZ
all	DT
about	IN
relationships	NNS
with	IN
people	NNS
.	.
Another	DT
challenge	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
bridged	VBN
the	DT
almost	RB
20	CD
years	NNS
that	WDT
Bowen	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
HR	NNP
function	NN
at	IN
GE	NNP
is	VBZ
finding	VBG
the	DT
proper	JJ
balance	NN
between	IN
technological	JJ
efficiency	NN
and	CC
value	NN
from	IN
establishing	VBG
personal	JJ
relationships	NNS
.	.
Bowen	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
There	EX
have	VBP
been	VBN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
fads	NNS
and	CC
trends	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
come	VBN
through	IN
our	PRP$
profession	NN
.	.
As	IN
an	DT
old	JJ
timer	NN
,	,
I	PRP
see	VBP
them	PRP
as	IN
such	JJ
.	.
The	DT
challenge	NN
has	VBZ
become	VBN
finding	VBG
the	DT
best	JJS
technology	NN
to	TO
facilitate	VB
personal	JJ
relationships	NNS
.	.
Technology	NN
should	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
tool	NN
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
as	IN
a	DT
driver	NN
.	.
''	''
A	DT
strong	JJ
proponent	NN
of	IN
face-to-face	JJ
interviewing	VBG
-LRB-	-LRB-
``	``
You	PRP
can	MD
read	VB
a	DT
lot	NN
about	IN
a	DT
person	NN
by	IN
meeting	VBG
them	PRP
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
accepting	VBG
hard	JJ
copy	NN
resumes	VBZ
at	IN
career	NN
fairs	NNS
,	,
Bowen	NNP
hopes	VBZ
that	IN
technology	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
permeate	VB
the	DT
profession	NN
to	TO
the	DT
point	NN
where	WRB
these	DT
former	JJ
standards	NNS
are	VBP
no	RB
longer	RB
valid	JJ
.	.
``	``
If	IN
the	DT
bulk	NN
of	IN
employers	NNS
stop	VBP
interviewing	VBG
students	NNS
face-to-face	RB
and	CC
direct	JJ
students	NNS
online	VBP
to	TO
submit	VB
resumes	NNS
,	,
what	WP
's	VBZ
going	VBG
to	TO
happen	VB
is	VBZ
students	NNS
are	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
feel	VB
as	IN
though	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
attend	VB
career	NN
fairs	NNS
and	CC
that	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
just	RB
do	VB
everything	NN
from	IN
their	PRP$
room	NN
,	,
''	''
Bowen	NNP
explains	VBZ
.	.
``	``
Where	WRB
I	PRP
still	RB
can	MD
and	CC
want	VB
to	TO
meet	VB
students	NNS
to	TO
interview	VB
them	PRP
and	CC
accept	VB
resumes	NNS
,	,
I	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
driven	VBN
toward	IN
the	DT
technological	JJ
means	NNS
because	IN
students	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
show	VB
up	RP
to	TO
career	NN
fairs	NNS
anymore	RB
.	.
''	''
``	``
There	EX
are	VBP
different	JJ
things	NNS
that	WDT
affect	VBP
people	NNS
and	CC
how	WRB
they	PRP
think	VBP
of	IN
employers	NNS
,	,
''	''
Bowen	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
think	VBP
it	PRP
all	DT
comes	VBZ
down	RP
to	TO
understanding	VBG
your	PRP$
customer	NN
.	.
Is	VBZ
my	PRP$
customer	NN
the	DT
university	NN
or	CC
is	VBZ
my	PRP$
customer	NN
the	DT
student	NN
?	.
``	``
It	PRP
just	RB
carries	VBZ
through	IN
for	IN
this	DT
generation	NN
,	,
who	WP
have	VBP
planned	VBN
their	PRP$
sons	NNS
'	POS
and	CC
daughters	NNS
'	POS
entire	JJ
schedules	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
grew	VBD
up	RB
,	,
''	''
Bowen	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
This	DT
generation	NN
of	IN
student	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
good	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
communication	NN
with	IN
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
some	DT
degree	NN
,	,
they	PRP
expect	VBP
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
this	DT
process	NN
.	.
''	''
Chances	NNS
are	VBP
,	,
the	DT
recruit	VB
got	VBD
the	DT
point	NN
.	.
Watching	VBG
the	DT
exchange	NN
take	VB
place	NN
,	,
Nagy	NNP
certainly	RB
learned	VBD
another	DT
lesson	NN
about	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
people	NNS
,	,
one	CD
that	IN
he	PRP
reflected	VBD
on	IN
as	IN
he	PRP
spent	VBD
time	NN
on	IN
both	DT
sides	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
desk	NN
.	.
A	DT
five-year	JJ
run	NN
as	IN
the	DT
manager	NN
of	IN
college	NN
recruiting	NN
and	CC
employment	NN
for	IN
Gulf	NNP
Oil	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
,	,
after	IN
a	DT
merger	NN
,	,
Chevron	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
was	VBD
sandwiched	VBN
around	IN
two	CD
stints	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Pittsburgh	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
also	RB
worked	VBD
at	IN
Moravian	NNP
College	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
consulting	NN
firm	NN
Drake	NNP
Beam	NNP
Morin	NNP
.	.
``	``
We	PRP
viewed	VBD
the	DT
other	JJ
side	NN
as	IN
a	DT
type	NN
of	IN
`	``
grass	NN
is	VBZ
greener	JJR
'	''
situation	NN
,	,
''	''
he	PRP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
We	PRP
aspired	VBD
to	TO
move	VB
to	TO
the	DT
corporate	JJ
side	NN
.	.
We	PRP
felt	VBD
there	EX
was	VBD
more	JJR
money	NN
and	CC
more	JJR
prestige	NN
.	.
When	WRB
we	PRP
got	VBD
there	RB
,	,
we	PRP
realized	VBD
that	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
n't	RB
all	DT
it	PRP
was	VBD
cracked	VBN
up	RP
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
pretty	RB
nice	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
college	NN
side	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
You	PRP
're	VBP
moving	VBG
away	RB
from	IN
a	DT
helping	VBG
profession	NN
to	TO
one	CD
that	WDT
is	VBZ
profit	NN
-	:
and	CC
goal-driven	NN
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
responsible	JJ
to	TO
line	NN
managers	NNS
,	,
who	WP
tell	VBP
you	PRP
their	PRP$
needs	NNS
and	CC
if	IN
you	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
meet	VB
them	PRP
,	,
they	PRP
'll	MD
do	VB
it	PRP
themselves	PRP
.	.
You	PRP
're	VBP
held	VBN
accountable	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
pressure	NN
is	VBZ
ratcheted	VBN
up	RP
.	.
That	DT
said	VBD
,	,
I	PRP
really	RB
enjoyed	VBD
my	PRP$
five	CD
years	NNS
at	IN
Gulf	NNP
Oil	NNP
.	.
''	''
Chevron	NNP
,	,
as	IN
he	PRP
did	VBD
n't	RB
want	VB
to	TO
relocate	VB
to	TO
San	NNP
Francisco	NNP
.	.
While	IN
at	IN
Gulf	NNP
,	,
he	PRP
was	VBD
responsible	JJ
for	IN
helping	VBG
to	TO
launch	VB
what	WP
is	VBZ
now	RB
the	DT
NACE\/Chevron	NNP
Award	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
recognizes	VBZ
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
for	IN
developing	VBG
outstanding	JJ
innovative	JJ
programs	NNS
.	.
Nagy	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
At	IN
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
we	PRP
knew	VBD
how	WRB
hard	JJ
people	NNS
used	VBN
to	TO
work	VB
but	CC
would	MD
not	RB
get	VB
recognized	VBN
for	IN
their	PRP$
innovative	JJ
programs	NNS
.	.
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
discretionary	JJ
fund	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
looking	VBG
to	TO
do	VB
some	DT
PR	NNP
work	NN
with	IN
colleges	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
recognize	VB
outstanding	JJ
individuals	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
college	NN
area	NN
.	.
''	''
The	DT
transition	NN
from	IN
HR	NNP
professional	JJ
to	TO
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioner	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
good	JJ
one	CD
,	,
according	VBG
to	TO
Nagy	NNP
.	.
Just	RB
like	IN
he	PRP
thinks	VBZ
every	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
should	MD
go	VB
out	RP
and	CC
work	NN
in	IN
the	DT
business	NN
world	NN
so	IN
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
can	MD
speak	VB
from	IN
experience	NN
,	,
Nagy	NNP
thinks	VBZ
HR	NNP
professionals	NNS
who	WP
transition	NN
to	TO
career	NN
services	NNS
have	VBP
an	DT
advantage	NN
.	.
These	DT
individuals	NNS
know	VBP
how	WRB
organizations	NNS
hire	VBP
people	NNS
,	,
what	WP
selection	NN
criteria	NNS
they	PRP
use	VBP
,	,
how	WRB
they	PRP
screen	VBP
resumes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
technology	NN
they	PRP
use	VBP
.	.
``	``
The	DT
new	JJ
challenge	NN
is	VBZ
helicopter	NN
parents	NNS
,	,
''	''
he	PRP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
was	VBD
stunned	VBN
by	IN
how	WRB
much	JJ
the	DT
parents	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
get	VBP
involved	VBN
now	RB
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
whole	JJ
different	JJ
generation	NN
of	IN
parents	NNS
,	,
who	WP
maybe	RB
did	VBD
n't	RB
get	VB
much	JJ
support	NN
from	IN
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
become	VB
very	RB
involved	VBN
in	IN
their	PRP$
child	NN
's	POS
academic	JJ
career	NN
and	CC
job	NN
search	NN
.	.
I	PRP
found	VBD
that	IN
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
uncommon	JJ
for	IN
parents	NNS
to	TO
jump	VB
in	IN
and	CC
negotiate	VB
job	NN
offers	NNS
and	CC
salaries	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
kids	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
If	IN
someone	NN
asked	VBD
me	PRP
about	IN
it	PRP
a	DT
year	NN
ago	RB
,	,
I	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
had	VBD
a	DT
different	JJ
answer	NN
,	,
''	''
Nagy	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
We	PRP
were	VBD
coming	VBG
off	RP
a	DT
three-year	JJ
recession	NN
,	,
one	CD
in	IN
which	WDT
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
experienced	JJ
professionals	NNS
left	VBD
the	DT
field	NN
and	CC
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
young	JJ
people	NNS
without	IN
the	DT
experience	NN
moved	VBD
in	IN
.	.
Now	RB
it	PRP
's	VBZ
cycling	VBG
back	RB
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
'm	VBP
certain	JJ
that	IN
as	RB
long	JJ
as	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
needs	NNS
that	IN
companies	NNS
have	VBP
,	,
there	EX
will	MD
be	VB
college	NN
recruiting	NN
.	.
''	''
According	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Scott	NNP
Resource	NNP
Group	NNP
's	POS
-LRB-	-LRB-
SRG	NNP
's	POS
-RRB-	-RRB-
annual	JJ
surveys	NNS
,	,
college	NN
students	NNS
consistently	RB
report	VBP
that	IN
organizations	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
effective	JJ
recruitment	NN
programs	NNS
are	VBP
represented	VBN
by	IN
staff	NN
members	NNS
who	WP
favorably	RB
impress	VBP
them	PRP
.	.
Scott	NNP
recalls	VBZ
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
wound	VBP
up	RP
interviewing	VBG
students	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Michigan	NNP
the	DT
next	JJ
day	NN
wearing	VBG
a	DT
Notre	NNP
Dame	NNP
sweatshirt	NN
.	.
To	TO
make	VB
matters	NNS
worse	RBR
,	,
the	DT
guy	NN
I	PRP
reported	VBD
to	TO
at	IN
Aetna	NNP
bled	VBD
-LRB-	-LRB-
Michigan	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
Blue	NNP
.	.
''	''
Aetna	NNP
,	,
during	IN
which	WDT
she	PRP
became	VBD
director	NN
of	IN
recruiting	NN
in	IN
what	WP
was	VBD
then	RB
called	VBN
the	DT
employment	NN
office	NN
,	,
and	CC
beyond	IN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
seen	VBN
many	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
ways	NNS
things	NNS
were	VBD
done	VBN
and	CC
many	JJ
similarities	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
ways	NNS
things	NNS
are	VBP
done	VBN
today	NN
.	.
``	``
Yet	RB
,	,
despite	IN
the	DT
wild	JJ
swings	NNS
in	IN
demand	NN
,	,
students	NNS
'	POS
needs	NNS
and	CC
expectations	NNS
have	VBP
remained	VBN
remarkably	RB
consistent	JJ
,	,
''	''
Scott	NNP
notes	NNS
.	.
``	``
And	CC
that	DT
has	VBZ
reaffirmed	VBN
my	PRP$
commitment	NN
to	TO
taking	VBG
the	DT
longer	JJR
view	NN
as	IN
regards	VBZ
emerging	VBG
issues	NNS
and	CC
trends	NNS
,	,
rather	RB
than	IN
getting	VBG
caught	VBN
up	RP
in	IN
the	DT
fad	NN
du	NNP
jour	FW
.	.
''	''
That	DT
view	NN
led	VBD
Scott	NNP
to	TO
leave	VB
the	DT
corporate	JJ
world	NN
in	IN
1989	CD
and	CC
head	VB
out	RP
on	IN
her	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
She	PRP
cites	VBZ
several	JJ
reasons	NNS
for	IN
forming	VBG
SRG	NNP
,	,
chief	NN
among	IN
them	PRP
,	,
the	DT
desire	NN
to	TO
focus	VB
her	PRP$
career	NN
on	IN
university	NN
relations	NNS
and	CC
recruiting	NN
by	IN
offering	VBG
services	NNS
to	TO
client	NN
companies	NNS
.	.
Concerned	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
unbiased	JJ
information	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
those	DT
in	IN
the	DT
staffing	NN
profession	NN
making	VBG
major	JJ
strategic	JJ
decisions	NNS
,	,
Scott	NNP
also	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
``	``
voice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
customer	NN
''	''
by	IN
gathering	VBG
objective	JJ
feedback	NN
from	IN
students	NNS
that	WDT
would	MD
be	VB
valuable	JJ
to	TO
her	PRP$
clients	NNS
.	.
Take	VB
,	,
for	IN
instance	NN
,	,
the	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
face-to-face	JJ
interviewing	VBG
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
Scott	NNP
,	,
data	NNS
from	IN
SRG	NNP
surveys	NNS
gathered	VBD
over	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
have	VBP
found	VBN
several	JJ
immutable	JJ
findings	NNS
:	:
First	NNP
,	,
company	NN
representatives	NNS
have	VBP
a	DT
powerful	JJ
impact	NN
on	IN
students	NNS
'	POS
desire	NN
to	TO
pursue	VB
opportunities	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
.	.
Second	NNP
,	,
students	NNS
value	NN
personal	JJ
contact	NN
and	CC
object	NN
to	TO
employers	NNS
'	POS
replacing	VBG
face-to-face	JJ
contact	NN
with	IN
technology	NN
.	.
``	``
To	TO
that	DT
point	NN
,	,
I	PRP
no	RB
longer	RB
survey	NN
students	NNS
regarding	VBG
their	PRP$
perceptions	NNS
about	IN
video	NN
interviewing	VBG
,	,
because	IN
several	JJ
years	NNS
of	IN
ratings	NNS
and	CC
commentary	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
so	RB
consistently	RB
and	CC
overwhelmingly	RB
negative	JJ
,	,
''	''
Scott	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
That	DT
said	VBD
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
an	DT
ever-growing	JJ
array	NN
of	IN
products	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
that	WDT
enable	VBP
organizations	NNS
to	TO
introduce	VB
an	DT
electronic	JJ
interface	NN
into	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
process	NN
,	,
and	CC
there	EX
will	MD
no	DT
doubt	NN
be	VB
an	DT
increase	NN
in	IN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
organizations	NNS
that	WDT
contemplate	VBP
using	VBG
such	JJ
products	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
.	.
''	''
Every	DT
day	NN
,	,
Kitty	NNP
McGrath	NNP
,	,
executive	JJ
director	NN
of	IN
graduate	NN
and	CC
undergraduate	JJ
career	NN
management	NN
at	IN
Arizona	NNP
State	NNP
University	NNP
's	POS
W.	NNP
P.	NNP
Carey	NNP
School	NNP
of	IN
Business	NNP
,	,
reminds	VBZ
herself	PRP
that	IN
as	IN
intelligent	JJ
and	CC
capable	JJ
as	IN
students	NNS
are	VBP
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
at	IN
a	DT
different	JJ
place	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
lives	NNS
than	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
.	.
``	``
He	PRP
had	VBD
accepted	VBN
a	DT
great	JJ
job	NN
in	IN
Chicago	NNP
but	CC
felt	VBD
a	DT
bit	NN
out	IN
of	IN
place	NN
because	IN
everyone	NN
he	PRP
worked	VBD
with	IN
was	VBD
at	IN
least	JJS
10	CD
years	NNS
older	JJR
than	IN
he	PRP
was	VBD
,	,
''	''
McGrath	NNP
explains	VBZ
.	.
``	``
His	PRP$
astonishment	NN
was	VBD
apparent	JJ
when	WRB
he	PRP
talked	VBD
about	IN
the	DT
informal	JJ
staff	NN
lunches	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
said	VBD
,	,
`	``
Kitty	NNP
,	,
they	PRP
actually	RB
have	VBP
long	JJ
conversations	NNS
about	IN
snowblowers	NNS
!	.
'	''
''	''
The	DT
transition	NN
from	IN
a	DT
focus	NN
on	IN
campus	NN
recruiting	NN
and	CC
job	NN
placement	NN
activities	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
career	NN
development	NN
emphasis	NN
was	VBD
in	IN
full	JJ
force	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
counseling	NN
centers	NNS
were	VBD
being	VBG
created	VBN
and	CC
others	NNS
renamed	VBN
to	TO
include	VB
career	NN
planning	NN
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
title	NN
.	.
``	``
The	DT
office	NN
where	WRB
I	PRP
worked	VBD
at	IN
Indiana	NNP
University-Bloomington	NNP
was	VBD
just	RB
being	VBG
established	VBN
and	CC
was	VBD
an	DT
all-campus	JJ
career	NN
counseling	NN
center	NN
,	,
separate	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
decentralized	VBN
placement	NN
centers	NNS
in	IN
individual	JJ
colleges	NNS
and	CC
schools	NNS
,	,
''	''
McGrath	NNP
notes	NNS
.	.
''	''
`	``
Creeping	VBG
vocationalism	NN
'	''
was	VBD
the	DT
phrase	NN
bandied	VBD
about	RB
in	IN
academic	JJ
circles	NNS
,	,
especially	RB
in	IN
the	DT
liberal	JJ
arts	NNS
,	,
''	''
McGrath	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
Providing	VBG
support	NN
for	IN
student	NN
career	NN
planning	NN
was	VBD
perceived	VBN
by	IN
some	DT
in	IN
academe	NN
to	TO
be	VB
anti-intellectual	JJ
.	.
''	''
``	``
We	PRP
are	VBP
being	VBG
asked	VBD
much	RB
more	RBR
frequently	RB
than	IN
ever	RB
before	IN
to	TO
quantify	VB
the	DT
effect	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
efforts	NNS
and	CC
demonstrate	VB
our	PRP$
value-add	NN
,	,
''	''
McGrath	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
Public-supported	JJ
institutions	NNS
have	VBP
more	JJR
external	JJ
accountability	NN
than	IN
private	JJ
institutions	NNS
,	,
but	CC
we	PRP
are	VBP
all	DT
under	IN
pressure	NN
to	TO
show	VB
that	IN
we	PRP
make	VBP
a	DT
positive	JJ
difference	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
justify	VB
the	DT
institutional	JJ
resources	NNS
we	PRP
use	VBP
.	.
''	''
To	TO
effectively	RB
provide	VB
this	DT
evidence	NN
,	,
practitioners	NNS
must	MD
articulate	VB
their	PRP$
mission	NN
much	RB
more	RBR
clearly	RB
,	,
collect	VB
and	CC
disseminate	VB
much	RB
more	RBR
data	NNS
on	IN
student	NN
outcomes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
develop	VB
ways	NNS
of	IN
measuring	VBG
not	RB
just	RB
student	NN
participation	NN
,	,
but	CC
indicators	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
benefits	NNS
they	PRP
accrue	VBP
from	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
McGrath	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
The	DT
media	NNS
that	WDT
purport	VBP
to	TO
rank	VB
schools	NNS
and	CC
programs	NNS
,	,
the	DT
state	NN
legislators	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
taxpayers	NNS
who	WP
elected	VBD
them	PRP
,	,
accreditation	NN
organizations	NNS
,	,
prospective	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
many	JJ
other	JJ
important	JJ
stakeholder	NN
groups	NNS
will	MD
all	DT
continue	VB
to	TO
demand	VB
that	IN
we	PRP
quantify	VBP
the	DT
difference	NN
that	IN
we	PRP
can	MD
make	VB
in	IN
students	NNS
'	POS
success	NN
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
says	VBZ
.	.
A	DT
large	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
ensuring	VBG
success	NN
is	VBZ
providing	VBG
effective	JJ
coaching	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
an	DT
area	NN
that	WDT
McGrath	NNP
says	VBZ
has	VBZ
benefited	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
exploration	NN
and	CC
job-search	JJ
processes	NNS
.	.
``	``
Among	IN
the	DT
many	JJ
ways	NNS
technology	NN
has	VBZ
helped	VBN
us	PRP
,	,
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
retrieve	VB
volumes	NNS
of	IN
information	NN
on	IN
careers	NNS
,	,
companies	NNS
,	,
job	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
via	IN
the	DT
web	NN
is	VBZ
probably	RB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
says	VBZ
.	.
McGrath	NNP
notes	VBZ
that	IN
one	CD
size	NN
certainly	RB
does	VBZ
not	RB
fit	VB
all	DT
.	.
For	IN
instance	NN
,	,
the	DT
best	JJS
balance	NN
point	NN
for	IN
her	PRP$
at	IN
a	DT
business	NN
school	NN
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
institution	NN
with	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
60,000	CD
students	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
world	NN
apart	RB
from	IN
what	WP
would	MD
work	VB
most	RBS
effectively	RB
for	IN
a	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
at	IN
a	DT
small	JJ
,	,
private	JJ
,	,
liberal	JJ
arts	NNS
school	NN
.	.
``	``
The	DT
high-tech\/high-touch	JJ
debate	NN
is	VBZ
then	RB
a	DT
question	NN
of	IN
resource	NN
allocation	NN
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
Making	VBG
decisions	NNS
on	IN
resources	NNS
requires	VBZ
that	IN
we	PRP
set	VBP
aside	RP
any	DT
personal	JJ
preferences	NNS
for	IN
tech	NN
or	CC
touch	NN
and	CC
determine	VB
how	WRB
we	PRP
can	MD
best	JJS
address	NN
the	DT
myriad	JJ
career	NN
development	NN
needs	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
students	NNS
.	.
Steele	NNP
made	VBD
it	PRP
his	PRP$
life	NN
work	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
for	IN
others	NNS
what	WP
he	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
have	VB
.	.
Steele	NNP
retired	VBD
in	IN
1982	CD
after	IN
a	DT
long	JJ
career	NN
that	WDT
included	VBD
work	NN
at	IN
Boston	NNP
College	NNP
,	,
Harvard	NNP
Business	NNP
School	NNP
,	,
and	CC
The	DT
Ohio	NNP
State	NNP
University	NNP
.	.
Even	RB
though	IN
college	NN
representatives	NNS
were	VBD
the	DT
primary	JJ
leaders	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
formation	NN
of	IN
nearly	RB
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
placement	NN
associations	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
because	IN
of	IN
a	DT
lack	NN
of	IN
employer	NN
involvement	NN
.	.
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
as	IN
Steele	NNP
points	VBZ
out	RP
,	,
the	DT
leaders	NNS
``	``
had	VBD
the	DT
support	NN
and	CC
cooperation	NN
of	IN
many	JJ
industrial	JJ
members	NNS
who	WP
worked	VBD
diligently	RB
behind	IN
the	DT
scenes	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
the	DT
educators	NNS
with	IN
their	PRP$
attempts	NNS
to	TO
organize	VB
a	DT
formal	JJ
structure	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
The	DT
IRS	NNP
took	VBD
the	DT
viewpoint	NN
that	IN
if	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
was	VBD
profitable	JJ
it	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
pay	VB
taxes	NNS
,	,
''	''
Steele	NNP
explains	VBZ
.	.
``	``
It	PRP
believed	VBD
that	IN
organizations	NNS
that	WDT
were	VBD
run	VBN
by	IN
college	NN
people	NNS
were	VBD
nonprofit	JJ
,	,
while	IN
those	DT
run	VBN
by	IN
business	NN
people	NNS
had	VBD
to	TO
pay	VB
taxes	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
income	NN
they	PRP
brought	VBD
in	RP
.	.
To	TO
avoid	VB
being	VBG
taxed	VBN
,	,
we	PRP
had	VBD
college	NN
people	NNS
in	IN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
governing	VBG
offices	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
placement	NN
field	NN
.	.
Slowly	RB
,	,
this	DT
view	NN
relaxed	VBN
and	CC
we	PRP
finally	RB
got	VBD
the	DT
IRS	NNP
off	IN
our	PRP$
back	NN
.	.
''	''
Employers	NNS
did	VBD
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
advising	VBG
then	RB
and	CC
,	,
``	``
because	IN
college	NN
people	NNS
had	VBD
small	JJ
budgets	NNS
,	,
the	DT
employers	NNS
were	VBD
very	RB
helpful	JJ
in	IN
paying	VBG
the	DT
expenses	NNS
of	IN
college	NN
people	NNS
traveling	VBG
to	TO
conferences	NNS
,	,
''	''
Steele	NNP
recalls	VBZ
.	.
``	``
Chances	NNS
are	VBP
if	IN
we	PRP
got	VBD
along	RP
with	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
,	,
an	DT
employer	NN
would	MD
lend	VB
a	DT
hand	NN
with	IN
transportation	NN
.	.
For	IN
instance	NN
,	,
I	PRP
remember	VBP
being	VBG
at	IN
Ohio	NNP
State	NNP
and	CC
Ford	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Motor	NNP
Company	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
flew	VBD
planes	NNS
in	IN
to	TO
Columbus	NNP
to	TO
pick	VB
a	DT
group	NN
of	IN
us	PRP
up	RP
for	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
in	IN
Chicago	NNP
.	.
''	''
Talk	NN
of	IN
collaboration	NN
among	IN
the	DT
regions	NNS
gained	VBD
steam	NN
.	.
As	IN
the	DT
regional	JJ
associations	NNS
continued	VBD
to	TO
grow	VB
in	IN
both	DT
size	NN
and	CC
complexity	NN
,	,
it	PRP
became	VBD
obvious	JJ
that	IN
coordination	NN
and	CC
communication	NN
on	IN
a	DT
larger	JJR
scale	NN
would	MD
require	VB
the	DT
creation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
.	.
That	DT
realization	NN
led	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
work	NN
to	TO
form	VB
CPC	NNP
.	.
One	CD
such	JJ
call	NN
came	VBD
during	IN
a	DT
meeting	NN
in	IN
the	DT
early	JJ
1960s	NNS
,	,
when	WRB
the	DT
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
Employment	NNP
Services	NNPS
-LRB-	-LRB-
U.S.E.S.	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
``	``
admitted	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
objective	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
agency	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
take	VB
over	RP
the	DT
placement	NN
function	NN
of	IN
all	DT
colleges	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
,	,
''	''
Steele	NNP
explains	VBZ
.	.
``	``
The	DT
people	NNS
who	WP
attended	VBD
the	DT
meeting	NN
were	VBD
furious	JJ
.	.
''	''
The	DT
director	NN
went	VBD
as	RB
far	RB
as	IN
to	TO
tell	VB
placement	NN
personnel	NNS
attending	VBG
the	DT
meeting	NN
that	IN
he	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
their	PRP$
jobs	NNS
within	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Needless	JJ
to	TO
say	VB
,	,
college	NN
placement	NN
officials	NNS
and	CC
employers	NNS
were	VBD
shocked	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
government	NN
's	POS
plans	NNS
.	.
CPC	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
regional	JJ
organizations	NNS
joined	VBD
together	RB
in	IN
the	DT
fight	NN
and	CC
according	VBG
to	TO
Steele	NNP
,	,
after	IN
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
hard	JJ
work	NN
,	,
successfully	RB
rebuffed	VBD
the	DT
U.S.E.S.	NNP
's	POS
attempts	NNS
to	TO
take	VB
over	RP
the	DT
placement	NN
of	IN
college	NN
students	NNS
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
still	RB
have	VBP
that	DT
ad	NN
in	IN
my	PRP$
scrapbook	NN
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Alan	NNP
Goodman	NNP
,	,
director	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
at	IN
The	DT
Catholic	NNP
University	NNP
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
laugh	NN
every	DT
time	NN
I	PRP
read	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
But	CC
I	PRP
ca	MD
n't	RB
remember	VB
if	IN
anyone	NN
took	VBD
the	DT
job	NN
or	CC
the	DT
outcome	NN
.	.
''	''
While	IN
the	DT
ethics	NNS
of	IN
using	VBG
poison	NN
to	TO
get	VB
a	DT
``	``
whiskered	JJ
pigeon	NN
''	''
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
woman	NN
's	POS
home	NN
are	VBP
debatable	JJ
,	,
the	DT
ethical	JJ
issues	NNS
career	NN
counselors	NNS
faced	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
the	DT
ad	NN
was	VBD
posted	VBN
were	VBD
not	RB
.	.
Safeguarding	VBG
students	NNS
'	POS
privacy	NN
was	VBD
an	DT
issue	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
front	JJ
and	CC
center	NN
as	IN
the	DT
Family	NNP
Educational	NNP
Rights	NNPS
and	CC
Privacy	NNP
Act	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FERPA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
was	VBD
passed	VBN
just	RB
eight	CD
years	NNS
earlier	RBR
.	.
``	``
The	DT
use	NN
of	IN
alcohol	NN
in	IN
recruiting	NN
was	VBD
also	RB
a	DT
big	JJ
issue	NN
,	,
''	''
adds	VBZ
Goodman	NNP
,	,
who	WP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
profession	NN
for	IN
31	CD
years	NNS
.	.
``	``
Employers	NNS
would	MD
serve	VB
alcoholic	JJ
beverages	NNS
at	IN
recruiting	VBG
events	NNS
and	CC
it	PRP
presented	VBD
some	DT
problems	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
ethical	JJ
standards	NNS
were	VBD
changed	VBN
,	,
career	NN
centers	NNS
had	VBD
a	DT
much	JJ
easier	JJR
way	NN
of	IN
dealing	VBG
with	IN
employers	NNS
who	WP
want	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
this	DT
by	IN
simply	RB
saying	VBG
`	``
Serving	VBG
alcohol	NN
is	VBZ
against	IN
our	PRP$
standards	NNS
.	.
'	''
''	''
Of	IN
course	NN
,	,
organizations	NNS
hiring	VBG
college	NN
students	NNS
face	VBP
myriad	JJ
ethical	JJ
challenges	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
Chief	NNP
among	IN
them	PRP
,	,
Goodman	NNP
says	VBZ
,	,
is	VBZ
recruiting	VBG
the	DT
best	JJS
and	CC
brightest	JJS
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
efficient	JJ
way	NN
possible	JJ
.	.
``	``
Career	NNP
centers	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
pick	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
best	JJS
and	CC
brightest	JJS
-RRB-	-RRB-
out	RP
for	IN
them	PRP
,	,
and	CC
even	RB
when	WRB
employers	NNS
give	VBP
money	NN
and	CC
support	NN
to	TO
a	DT
university	NN
,	,
there	EX
's	VBZ
no	DT
guarantee	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
'll	MD
get	VB
an	DT
advantage	NN
,	,
''	''
Goodman	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
You	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
managers	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
in	IN
a	DT
pinch	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
not	RB
trained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
ethical	JJ
standards	NNS
in	IN
our	PRP$
field	NN
,	,
''	''
Goodman	NNP
explains	VBZ
.	.
``	``
Some	DT
do	VBP
things	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
not	RB
in	IN
line	NN
with	IN
our	PRP$
ethical	JJ
standards	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
Employers	NNS
do	VBP
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
go	VB
through	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
to	TO
access	NN
students	NNS
,	,
''	''
Goodman	NNP
notes	NNS
.	.
``	``
Some	DT
will	MD
go	VB
to	TO
faculty	NN
members	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
resumes	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
top	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
role	NN
of	IN
faculty	NN
in	IN
all	DT
this	DT
has	VBZ
really	RB
grown	VBN
,	,
which	WDT
can	MD
present	VB
a	DT
conflict	NN
of	IN
interest	NN
if	IN
,	,
for	IN
instance	NN
,	,
the	DT
faculty	NN
members	NNS
receive	VBP
research	NN
funding	NN
from	IN
employers	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
Because	IN
,	,
assuming	VBG
you	PRP
are	VBP
reasonably	RB
competent	JJ
,	,
your	PRP$
standing	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
institution	NN
ultimately	RB
depends	VBZ
on	IN
your	PRP$
good	JJ
name	NN
,	,
''	''
Goodman	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
If	IN
people	NNS
know	VBP
you	PRP
're	VBP
honest	JJ
,	,
that	IN
you	PRP
make	VBP
good	JJ
on	IN
your	PRP$
commitments	NNS
,	,
and	CC
you	PRP
intend	VBP
to	TO
do	VB
good	JJ
,	,
they	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
willing	JJ
to	TO
trust	NN
and	CC
work	NN
with	IN
you	PRP
.	.
A	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
things	NNS
we	PRP
do	VBP
are	VBP
voluntary	JJ
.	.
A	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
collaborate	VB
with	IN
you	PRP
.	.
An	DT
employer	NN
does	VBZ
n't	RB
have	VB
to	TO
provide	VB
support	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
reputation	NN
comes	VBZ
down	RP
to	TO
how	WRB
we	PRP
play	VBP
out	RP
our	PRP$
personal	JJ
ethics	NNS
.	.
''	''
When	WRB
Julie	NNP
Cunningham	NNP
was	VBD
in	IN
HR	NNP
at	IN
Tellabs	NNP
several	JJ
years	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
assignments	NNS
she	PRP
gave	VBD
a	DT
committee	NN
of	IN
the	DT
company	NN
's	POS
interns	NNS
was	VBD
to	TO
choose	VB
the	DT
social	JJ
event	NN
for	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
.	.
The	DT
committee	NN
had	VBD
a	DT
budget	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
members	NNS
chose	VBD
several	JJ
events	NNS
to	TO
consider	VB
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
responsibility	NN
of	IN
each	DT
individual	NN
to	TO
explore	VB
the	DT
feasibility	NN
of	IN
one	CD
event	NN
.	.
``	``
I	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
idea	NN
the	DT
intern	NN
had	VBD
done	VBN
this	DT
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
recalls	VBZ
.	.
``	``
The	DT
assistant	NN
said	VBD
our	PRP$
CEO	NNP
did	VBD
n't	RB
have	VB
a	DT
yacht	NN
,	,
and	CC
even	RB
if	IN
he	PRP
did	VBD
,	,
she	PRP
was	VBD
sure	JJ
he	PRP
would	MD
n't	RB
lend	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
interns	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
party	NN
.	.
Although	IN
she	PRP
and	CC
I	PRP
had	VBD
a	DT
good	JJ
chuckle	NN
about	IN
this	DT
,	,
I	PRP
asked	VBD
her	PRP
to	TO
erase	VB
the	DT
message	NN
before	IN
Mr.	NNP
Birck	NNP
listened	VBD
to	TO
it	PRP
,	,
which	WDT
she	PRP
did	VBD
.	.
''	''
``	``
One	CD
thing	NN
employers	NNS
are	VBP
facing	VBG
is	VBZ
a	DT
lot	NN
more	JJR
pressure	NN
for	IN
accountability	NN
than	IN
in	IN
the	DT
past	NN
,	,
''	''
Cunningham	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
That	DT
usually	RB
translates	VBZ
into	IN
having	VBG
to	TO
demonstrate	VB
your	PRP$
value	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
organization	NN
as	IN
a	DT
non-revenue	JJ
generating	VBG
area	NN
,	,
come	VB
up	RP
with	IN
some	DT
metrics	NNS
,	,
and	CC
devise	VB
a	DT
strategy	NN
that	WDT
's	VBZ
in	IN
line	NN
with	IN
that	DT
of	IN
the	DT
business	NN
.	.
''	''
Another	DT
challenge	NN
for	IN
many	JJ
employers	NNS
,	,
Cunningham	NNP
says	VBZ
,	,
is	VBZ
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
being	VBG
asked	VBD
to	TO
focus	VB
their	PRP$
college	NN
recruiting	NN
programs	NNS
primarily	RB
on	IN
diversity	NN
recruiting	NN
instead	RB
of	IN
making	VBG
it	PRP
one	CD
part	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
college	NN
recruiting	VBG
program	NN
.	.
And	CC
,	,
of	IN
course	NN
,	,
``	``
There	EX
's	VBZ
always	RB
that	IN
shortage	NN
of	IN
resources	NNS
:	:
money	NN
,	,
people	NNS
,	,
time	NN
,	,
''	''
Cunningham	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
Part	NN
of	IN
that	DT
challenge	NN
is	VBZ
trying	VBG
to	TO
get	VB
the	DT
job	NN
done	VBN
without	IN
the	DT
ideal	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
resources	NNS
.	.
This	DT
affects	VBZ
both	DT
employers	NNS
and	CC
career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
''	''
Therefore	RB
,	,
Cunningham	NNP
explains	VBZ
that	IN
a	DT
real	JJ
challenge	NN
for	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
not	RB
only	RB
identify	VB
appropriate	JJ
employers	NNS
,	,
but	CC
to	TO
find	VB
the	DT
time	NN
and	CC
resources	NNS
to	TO
go	VB
out	RP
and	CC
call	VB
on	IN
the	DT
employers	NNS
and	CC
convince	VB
them	PRP
that	IN
coming	VBG
to	TO
campus	NN
would	MD
be	VB
a	DT
good	JJ
business	NN
move	NN
.	.
Still	RB
,	,
she	PRP
does	VBZ
n't	RB
see	VB
drastic	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
way	NN
college	NN
recruiting	NN
programs	NNS
or	CC
career	NN
centers	NNS
will	MD
do	VB
business	NN
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
Experiential	JJ
education	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
she	PRP
says	VBZ
,	,
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
be	VB
important	JJ
and	CC
some	DT
employers	NNS
will	MD
begin	VB
placing	VBG
more	JJR
emphasis	NN
on	IN
advanced	JJ
degrees	NNS
,	,
but	CC
,	,
overall	RB
,	,
the	DT
bottom	JJ
line	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
comes	VBZ
down	RP
to	TO
individuals	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
connections	NNS
they	PRP
make	VBP
.	.
``	``
If	IN
you	PRP
look	VBP
at	IN
how	WRB
people	NNS
choose	VBP
careers	NNS
and	CC
jobs	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
a	DT
very	RB
personal	JJ
decision	NN
,	,
''	''
Cunningham	NNP
explains	VBZ
.	.
``	``
Regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
person	NN
's	POS
major	JJ
,	,
or	CC
if	IN
they	PRP
're	VBP
a	DT
minority	NN
or	CC
nonminority	NN
,	,
or	CC
female	NN
or	CC
male	NN
,	,
that	IN
job-seeker	NN
is	VBZ
trying	VBG
to	TO
choose	VB
an	DT
organization	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
're	VBP
going	VBG
to	TO
live	VB
out	RP
their	PRP$
career	NN
dreams	VBZ
and	CC
interact	VB
with	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
people	NNS
day	NN
after	IN
day	NN
year	NN
after	IN
year	NN
.	.
To	TO
make	VB
a	DT
decision	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
comfortable	JJ
with	IN
,	,
they	PRP
must	MD
have	VB
the	DT
kind	NN
of	IN
contact	NN
that	IN
college	NN
recruiters	NNS
and	CC
career	NN
centers	NNS
facilitate	VBP
.	.
``	``
Although	IN
the	DT
tools	NNS
we	PRP
use	VBP
to	TO
recruit	VB
may	MD
change	VB
over	IN
time	NN
,	,
I	PRP
think	VBP
the	DT
big	JJ
picture	NN
is	VBZ
n't	RB
going	VBG
to	TO
change	VB
because	RB
,	,
when	WRB
you	PRP
think	VBP
about	IN
college	NN
recruiting	NN
and	CC
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
all	DT
about	IN
facilitating	VBG
the	DT
relationships	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
at	IN
the	DT
very	RB
core	NN
of	IN
hiring	VBG
and	CC
career	NN
decision	NN
making	VBG
and	CC
hiring	VBG
.	.
''	''
``	``
Having	VBG
met	VBN
and	CC
worked	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
professionals	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
country	NN
's	POS
premier	JJR
organizations	NNS
gives	VBZ
me	PRP
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
pick	VB
up	RP
the	DT
phone	NN
or	CC
send	VB
an	DT
e-mail	NN
,	,
and	CC
voila	NN
,	,
the	DT
answer	NN
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
notes	VBZ
.	.
``	``
Where	WRB
else	RB
but	CC
NACE	NNP
can	MD
you	PRP
have	VB
folks	NNS
on	IN
both	DT
sides	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
equation	NN
available	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
and	CC
eager	JJ
to	TO
share	VB
their	PRP$
knowledge	NN
?	.
''	''
Share	NN
your	PRP$
anecdotes	NNS
and	CC
experiences	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
or	CC
HR\/staffing	VBG
professional	JJ
,	,
discuss	VB
your	PRP$
views	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
field	NN
today	NN
,	,
and	CC
speculate	VB
on	IN
the	DT
future	NN
of	IN
careers	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
job	NN
market	NN
for	IN
college	NN
graduates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
roles	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
colleagues	NNS
will	MD
play	VB
.	.
Join	VB
your	PRP$
colleagues	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Opening	NNP
Reception	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
Exhibit	NN
Hall	NNP
and	CC
mix	NN
business	NN
and	CC
pleasure	NN
!	.
Enjoy	VB
hors	NNS
d'oeuvres	NNS
and	CC
cocktails	NNS
as	IN
you	PRP
mix	VBP
,	,
mingle	VBP
,	,
and	CC
visit	VB
the	DT
exhibits	NNS
featuring	VBG
cutting-edge	JJ
products	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
field	NN
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
also	RB
have	VB
a	DT
chance	NN
to	TO
see	VB
the	DT
Silent	NNP
Auction	NNP
items	NNS
up	IN
for	IN
bid	NN
this	DT
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
intense	JJ
recruitment	NN
of	IN
college	NN
graduates	NNS
,	,
combined	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
explosion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
commercial	JJ
job	NN
search	NN
industry	NN
,	,
has	VBZ
provided	VBN
many	JJ
college	NN
career	NN
centers	NNS
and	CC
academic	JJ
departments	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
opportunity	NN
and	CC
expectation	NN
of	IN
exploiting	VBG
their	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
the	DT
corporate	JJ
world	NN
for	IN
the	DT
purposes	NNS
of	IN
fund	NN
raising	NN
.	.
This	DT
has	VBZ
raised	VBN
the	DT
specter	NN
of	IN
preferential	JJ
treatment	NN
and	CC
the	DT
improper	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
student	NN
confidential	JJ
information	NN
provided	VBN
to	TO
selected	VBN
employers	NNS
and	CC
organizations	NNS
in	IN
return	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
financial	JJ
support	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
considerable	JJ
alarm	NN
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
community	NN
about	IN
the	DT
ethical	JJ
dilemma	NN
posed	VBN
by	IN
these	DT
concurrent	JJ
developments	NNS
.	.
Specifically	RB
,	,
NACE	NNP
has	VBZ
adopted	VBN
the	DT
following	VBG
position	NN
regarding	VBG
the	DT
acceptance	NN
and	CC
solicitation	NN
of	IN
funds	NNS
by	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
offering	NN
of	IN
assistance	NN
by	IN
employers	NNS
,	,
in	IN
exchange	NN
for	IN
service	NN
,	,
student	NN
access	NN
and	CC
employer	NN
prominence	NN
.	.
If	IN
employer	NN
funds	NNS
provide	VBP
greater	JJR
prominence	NN
to	TO
the	DT
names	NNS
and	CC
opportunities	NNS
of	IN
specific	JJ
organizations	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
industries	NNS
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
has	VBZ
an	DT
obligation	NN
to	TO
make	VB
every	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
students	NNS
not	RB
interested	JJ
in	IN
these	DT
specific	JJ
organizations	NNS
or	CC
industries	NNS
with	IN
contact	NN
and\/or	CC
information	NN
about	IN
alternate	JJ
employers	NNS
in	IN
keeping	VBG
with	IN
their	PRP$
needs	NNS
and	CC
interests	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
pressures	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
institutional	JJ
needs	NNS
and	CC
hiring	VBG
needs	NNS
create	VB
a	DT
difficult	JJ
dilemma	NN
for	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
employment	NN
professionals	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
always	RB
easy	JJ
or	CC
clear	JJ
how	WRB
to	TO
adhere	VB
to	TO
these	DT
obligations	NNS
while	IN
meeting	VBG
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
one	CD
's	POS
organization	NN
.	.
The	DT
ethical	JJ
fundamentals	NNS
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
and	CC
strategies	NNS
presented	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
aforementioned	JJ
Winter	NNP
2001	CD
Journal	NNP
article	NN
are	VBP
ultimately	RB
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
firmly	RB
held	VBN
conviction	NN
that	IN
ethical	JJ
practice	NN
can	MD
and	CC
will	MD
result	VB
in	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
effective	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
wants	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
its	PRP$
members	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
simple	JJ
,	,
easy	JJ
to	TO
remember	VB
guideline	NN
to	TO
help	VB
members	NNS
navigate	VBP
ethical	JJ
considerations	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
campus	NN
recruiting	NN
.	.
In	IN
conclusion	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
urges	VBZ
all	DT
its	PRP$
members	NNS
to	TO
focus	VB
on	IN
the	DT
values	NNS
upon	IN
which	WDT
this	DT
association	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
and	CC
act	NN
in	IN
what	WP
is	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
overall	JJ
best	JJS
interest	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
shared	VBN
client	NN
-	:
the	DT
student	NN
.	.
The	DT
NACE	NNP
Diversity	NNP
Advancement	NNP
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
published	VBN
a	DT
short	JJ
brochure	NN
on	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
profession	NN
for	IN
anyone	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
interested	JJ
in	IN
exploring	VBG
this	DT
line	NN
of	IN
work	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
get	VB
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
booklet	NN
by	IN
clicking	VBG
here	RB
.	.
The	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
privacy	NN
and	CC
technology	NN
is	VBZ
foremost	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
minds	NNS
of	IN
today	NN
's	POS
technological	JJ
society	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
charge	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
learn	VB
as	RB
much	JJ
as	IN
possible	JJ
about	IN
privacy	NN
policies	NNS
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
protect	VB
an	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
privacy	NN
online	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
goal	NN
for	IN
this	DT
white	JJ
paper	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
formulate	VB
``	``
how-tos	NNS
''	''
for	IN
preparing	VBG
a	DT
privacy	NN
policy	NN
for	IN
a	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
or	CC
employer	NN
web	NN
site	NN
.	.
We	PRP
quickly	RB
discovered	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
complexities	NNS
and	CC
legalities	NNS
surrounding	VBG
this	DT
topic	NN
would	MD
prevent	VB
us	PRP
from	IN
doing	VBG
so	RB
.	.
Our	PRP$
investigation	NN
into	IN
the	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
privacy	NN
was	VBD
greatly	RB
enhanced	VBN
by	IN
reviewing	VBG
a	DT
great	JJ
deal	NN
of	IN
research	NN
and	CC
writings	NNS
on	IN
privacy	NN
and	CC
the	DT
job	NN
search	NN
,	,
and	CC
speaking	VBG
with	IN
Pam	NNP
Dixon	NNP
,	,
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
founders	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
World	NNP
Privacy	NNP
Forum	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
journalist	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
written	VBN
on	IN
technology	NN
,	,
the	DT
workplace	NN
,	,
and	CC
privacy	NN
.	.
Privacy	NN
of	IN
an	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
personal	JJ
information	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
important	JJ
and	CC
widely	RB
discussed	VBN
technological	JJ
issue	NN
facing	VBG
society	NN
today	NN
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
rampant	JJ
development	NN
and	CC
use	NN
of	IN
various	JJ
sources	NNS
of	IN
technology	NN
,	,
security	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
personal	JJ
data	NN
is	VBZ
more	RBR
important	JJ
than	IN
ever	RB
.	.
However	RB
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
these	DT
advances	NNS
has	VBZ
come	VBN
the	DT
potential	NN
for	IN
misuse	NN
of	IN
the	DT
personal	JJ
data	NNS
collected	VBN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
technology	NN
users	NNS
have	VBP
become	VBN
increasingly	RB
interested	JJ
in	IN
protecting	VBG
their	PRP$
privacy	NN
online	NN
.	.
This	DT
has	VBZ
caused	VBN
many	JJ
individuals	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
reluctant	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
identifying	VBG
information	NN
when	WRB
using	VBG
the	DT
Internet	NNP
.	.
This	DT
means	VBZ
,	,
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
attract	VB
,	,
serve	VB
,	,
and	CC
protect	VB
users	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
very	RB
important	JJ
that	IN
web	NN
sites	NNS
that	WDT
gather	VBP
identifiable	JJ
information	NN
clearly	RB
spell	VBP
out	RP
how	WRB
personal	JJ
information	NN
will	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
and	CC
what	WP
steps	NNS
web	NN
site	NN
owners	NNS
have	VBP
taken	VBN
to	TO
protect	VB
it	PRP
.	.
The	DT
document	NN
that	WDT
spells	NNS
out	IN
how	WRB
this	DT
information	NN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
is	VBZ
called	VBN
an	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
``	``
privacy	NN
policy	NN
.	.
''	''
All	DT
web	NN
sites	NNS
gathering	VBG
personal	JJ
information	NN
have	VBP
a	DT
responsibility	NN
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
many	JJ
cases	NNS
,	,
a	DT
legal	JJ
requirement	NN
,	,
to	TO
develop	VB
one	CD
.	.
Privacy	NN
policies	NNS
are	VBP
unique	JJ
to	TO
each	DT
web	NN
site	NN
.	.
Since	IN
privacy	NN
policies	NNS
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
each	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
individual	JJ
practices	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
collection	NN
,	,
use	NN
,	,
and	CC
sharing	NN
of	IN
personal	JJ
information	NN
,	,
one	CD
can	MD
not	RB
take	VB
the	DT
cookie-cutter	JJ
or	CC
cut-and-paste	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
developing	VBG
a	DT
privacy	NN
policy	NN
for	IN
a	DT
web	NN
site	NN
.	.
Within	IN
a	DT
given	VBN
organization	NN
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
for	IN
various	JJ
departments	NNS
to	TO
have	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
web	NN
site	NN
privacy	NN
policies	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
familiar	JJ
with	IN
privacy	NN
policies	NNS
,	,
a	DT
good	JJ
starting	VBG
place	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
look	VB
at	IN
privacy	NN
statements	NNS
posted	VBN
by	IN
organizations	NNS
similar	JJ
to	TO
your	PRP$
own	JJ
.	.
From	IN
these	DT
statements	NNS
you	PRP
can	MD
gather	VB
ideas	NNS
about	IN
key	JJ
elements	NNS
to	TO
consider	VB
including	VBG
in	IN
your	PRP$
policy	NN
.	.
Professional	NNP
organizations	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
your	PRP$
business	NN
may	MD
also	RB
provide	VB
information	NN
regarding	VBG
best	JJS
practices	NNS
for	IN
creating	VBG
and	CC
maintaining	VBG
a	DT
privacy	NN
policy	NN
.	.
Knowing	VBG
what	WP
the	DT
privacy	NN
standards	NNS
are	VBP
for	IN
your	PRP$
business	NN
is	VBZ
important	JJ
and	CC
may	MD
save	VB
you	PRP
from	IN
having	VBG
to	TO
make	VB
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
your	PRP$
research	NN
and	CC
organization	NN
's	POS
needs	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
might	MD
consider	VB
developing	VBG
a	DT
vision	NN
for	IN
what	WP
you	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
your	PRP$
policy	NN
statement	NN
to	TO
be	VB
.	.
With	IN
this	DT
vision	NN
in	IN
mind	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
organization	NN
's	POS
practices	NNS
and	CC
policies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
resources	NNS
you	PRP
have	VBP
accumulated	VBN
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
ready	JJ
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
draft	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
encourage	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
try	VB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
privacy	NN
policy	NN
generators	NNS
available	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
Internet	NNP
.	.
These	DT
generators	NNS
ask	VBP
leading	VBG
questions	NNS
about	IN
your	PRP$
Internet	NNP
web	NN
site	NN
that	WDT
address	VBP
specific	JJ
privacy	NN
policy	NN
elements	NNS
.	.
Your	PRP$
answers	NNS
are	VBP
tabulated	VBN
and	CC
a	DT
privacy	NN
policy	NN
draft	NN
is	VBZ
created	VBN
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
The	DT
draft	NN
can	MD
be	VB
edited	VBN
to	TO
fit	VB
your	PRP$
needs	NNS
and	CC
business	NN
.	.
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
major	JJ
benefits	NNS
of	IN
using	VBG
a	DT
generator	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
it	PRP
addresses	VBZ
operational	JJ
issues	NNS
you	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
have	VB
thought	VBN
about	RB
.	.
One	CD
area	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
often	RB
overlooked	VBN
in	IN
privacy	NN
policies	NNS
is	VBZ
spelling	VBG
out	RP
how	WRB
you	PRP
collect	VBP
data	NNS
from	IN
your	PRP$
users	NNS
.	.
Be	VB
sure	JJ
to	TO
include	VB
what	WP
data	NNS
collection	NN
features	NNS
you	PRP
are	VBP
using	VBG
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
if	IN
you	PRP
use	VBP
cookies	NNS
,	,
state	NN
this	DT
and	CC
clearly	RB
describe	VBP
how	WRB
cookies	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
used	VBN
,	,
what	WP
information	NN
you	PRP
are	VBP
capturing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
.	.
We	PRP
recommend	VBP
you	PRP
include	VBP
an	DT
opt-in\/opt-out	JJ
opportunity	NN
if	IN
you	PRP
distribute	VBP
personally	RB
identifiable	JJ
information	NN
to	TO
third	JJ
parties	NNS
and\/or	CC
use	VBP
it	PRP
for	IN
a	DT
purpose	NN
unrelated	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
stated	VBN
reason	NN
it	PRP
was	VBD
collected	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
best	RB
to	TO
involve	VB
senior	JJ
management	NN
and	CC
staff\/employees	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
key	JJ
operational	JJ
functions	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
privacy	NN
policy	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
wise	JJ
to	TO
consider	VB
your	PRP$
organization	NN
's	POS
long-term	JJ
business	NN
plan	NN
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
allow	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
draft	VB
your	PRP$
policy	NN
to	TO
cover	VB
changes	NNS
in	IN
procedures	NNS
you	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
implementing	VBG
and	CC
avoid	VB
jeopardizing	VBG
users	NNS
'	POS
trust	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
remember	VBP
that	IN
your	PRP$
privacy	NN
policy	NN
must	MD
be	VB
kept	VBN
current	JJ
with	IN
technological	JJ
advances	NNS
and	CC
changes	NNS
in	IN
practices	NNS
your	PRP$
organization	NN
implements	VBZ
after	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
written	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
mark	VB
the	DT
text	NN
so	IN
these	DT
changes	NNS
are	VBP
easily	RB
recognized	VBN
.	.
Remember	VB
,	,
to	TO
maintain	VB
your	PRP$
users	NNS
'	POS
confidence	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
policy	NN
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
change	VB
it	PRP
only	RB
when	WRB
absolutely	RB
necessary	JJ
.	.
Prior	RB
to	TO
releasing	VBG
your	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
privacy	NN
policy	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
to	TO
have	VB
your	PRP$
management	NN
and	CC
legal	JJ
counsel	NN
review	NN
it	PRP
.	.
We	PRP
advise	VBP
your	PRP$
privacy	NN
policy	NN
be	VB
posted	VBN
on	IN
your	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
's	POS
main	JJ
menu	NN
and\/or	CC
navigation	NN
bar	NN
so	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
users	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
collection	NN
of	IN
personally	RB
identifiable	JJ
information	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
include	VB
a	DT
link	NN
to	TO
the	DT
policy	NN
in	IN
multiple	JJ
locations	NNS
and	CC
provide	VB
links	NNS
to	TO
your	PRP$
privacy	NN
policy	NN
from	IN
any	DT
page	NN
where	WRB
users	NNS
enter	VBP
personal	JJ
information	NN
.	.
Just	RB
as	RB
important	JJ
as	IN
your	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
having	VBG
a	DT
privacy	NN
policy	NN
is	VBZ
how	WRB
your	PRP$
organization	NN
implements	VBZ
and	CC
staff	NN
adhere	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
policy	NN
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
wish	VB
to	TO
develop	VB
an	DT
implementation	NN
strategy	NN
to	TO
teach	VB
and	CC
inform	VB
all	DT
staff	NN
when	WRB
the	DT
new	JJ
policy	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
place	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
crucial	JJ
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
the	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
procedures	NNS
and	CC
employees	NNS
are	VBP
compliant	JJ
with	IN
your	PRP$
policy	NN
.	.
This	DT
means	VBZ
educating\/training	VBG
staff	NN
regarding	VBG
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
practices	NNS
described	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
and	CC
keeping	VBG
them	PRP
informed	VBN
as	IN
changes	NNS
are	VBP
made	VBN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
are	VBP
consistently	RB
encouraging	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
online	JJ
data	NNS
bases	NNS
and	CC
partnering	VBG
with	IN
vendors	NNS
to	TO
``	``
push	VB
''	''
opportunities	NNS
and	CC
content	JJ
electronically	RB
to	TO
interested	JJ
clients	NNS
.	.
For	IN
most	JJS
career	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
the	DT
web	NN
site	NN
is	VBZ
just	RB
as	RB
important	JJ
or	CC
even	RB
more	RBR
important	JJ
than	IN
the	DT
front	JJ
door	NN
to	TO
the	DT
physical	JJ
office	NN
.	.
This	DT
shift	NN
continues	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
driven	VBN
by	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
accustomed	VBN
to	TO
having	VBG
what	WP
they	PRP
need	VBP
available	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
web	NN
when	WRB
they	PRP
need	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
As	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
centers	VBZ
rush	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
web	NN
content	NN
and	CC
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
students	NNS
become	VBP
more	RBR
reliant	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
Internet	NNP
,	,
students	NNS
have	VBP
neglected	VBN
to	TO
pay	VB
attention	NN
to	TO
protecting	VBG
their	PRP$
privacy	NN
online	NN
.	.
As	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
are	VBP
charged	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
education	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
job-search	JJ
process	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
that	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
incorporate	VBP
online	JJ
privacy	NN
protection	NN
as	IN
an	DT
integral	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
teaching	VBG
the	DT
job-search	JJ
process	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
have	VBP
become	VBN
so	RB
accustomed	JJ
to	TO
providing	VBG
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
web	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
unaware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
risks	NNS
they	PRP
take	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
looking	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
job	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
that	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
provide	VBP
information	NN
on	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
risks	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
an	DT
online	JJ
job	NN
search	NN
.	.
Spam	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
junk	NN
e-mail	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
:	:
While	IN
junk	NN
e-mail	NN
may	MD
seem	VB
like	IN
more	JJR
of	IN
an	DT
inconvenience	NN
than	IN
a	DT
risk	NN
,	,
an	DT
e-mail	NN
box	NN
full	JJ
of	IN
spam	NN
makes	VBZ
it	PRP
difficult	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
job	NN
seeker	NN
to	TO
maintain	VB
effective	JJ
communication	NN
with	IN
potential	JJ
employers	NNS
.	.
New	NNP
legislation	NN
and	CC
software	NN
products	NNS
have	VBP
begun	VBN
to	TO
address	VB
this	DT
problem	NN
;	:
however	RB
,	,
simple	JJ
measures	NNS
taken	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
job	NN
seeker	NN
are	VBP
much	RB
more	RBR
effective	JJ
in	IN
fighting	VBG
spam	NN
.	.
Carefully	RB
reading	NN
and	CC
completing	VBG
registration	NN
forms	NNS
on	IN
job-search	JJ
sites	NNS
will	MD
also	RB
cut	VB
down	RP
on	IN
spam	NN
.	.
On	IN
most	JJS
sites	NNS
,	,
the	DT
registrant	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
option	NN
of	IN
asking	VBG
to	TO
not	RB
receive	VB
offers	NNS
and	CC
mailings	NNS
from	IN
``	``
partners	NNS
''	''
of	IN
the	DT
web	NN
site	NN
.	.
The	DT
default	NN
for	IN
this	DT
option	NN
is	VBZ
usually	RB
in	IN
favor	NN
of	IN
receiving	VBG
these	DT
offers	NNS
;	:
opting	VBG
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
offers	NNS
is	VBZ
typically	RB
as	RB
simple	JJ
as	IN
unchecking	VBG
a	DT
box	NN
.	.
If	IN
this	DT
option	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
provided	VBN
,	,
a	DT
job	NN
seeker	NN
should	MD
think	VB
twice	RB
about	IN
giving	VBG
a	DT
web	NN
site	NN
a	DT
personal	JJ
e-mail	NN
address	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
the	DT
job	NN
seeker	NN
should	MD
provide	VB
detailed	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
type	NN
of	IN
job	NN
that	IN
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
seeking	VBG
and	CC
the	DT
experience	NN
the	DT
job	NN
seeker	NN
can	MD
offer	VB
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
allow	VB
the	DT
site	NN
to	TO
properly	RB
target	VB
and	CC
send	VB
``	``
job-alert	NN
''	''
messages	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
these	DT
precautions	NNS
,	,
job	NN
seekers	NNS
should	MD
use	VB
some	DT
type	NN
of	IN
spam-blocking	JJ
technology	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
Internet	NNP
service	NN
providers	NNS
and	CC
companies	NNS
providing	VBG
free	JJ
e-mail	NN
accounts	NNS
have	VBP
built-in	JJ
spam	NN
blocking	VBG
.	.
The	DT
worst	JJS
part	NN
about	IN
identity	NN
theft	NN
in	IN
relation	NN
to	TO
new	JJ
graduates	NNS
is	VBZ
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
take	VB
them	PRP
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
to	TO
realize	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
victimized	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
only	RB
when	WRB
an	DT
application	NN
for	IN
credit	NN
or	CC
a	DT
job	NN
is	VBZ
denied	VBN
due	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
bad	JJ
credit	NN
history	NN
that	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
graduate	NN
will	MD
realize	VB
the	DT
extent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
problem	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
people	NNS
who	WP
shred	NN
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
credit	NN
card	NN
offers	VBZ
they	PRP
receive	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
mail	NN
might	MD
not	RB
think	VB
twice	RB
about	IN
entering	VBG
their	PRP$
Social	NNP
Security	NNP
number	NN
when	WRB
registering	VBG
on	IN
a	DT
job-search	JJ
site	NN
.	.
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
they	PRP
should	MD
n't	RB
.	.
An	DT
employer	NN
should	MD
only	RB
require	VB
a	DT
Social	NNP
Security	NNP
number	NN
pre-hire	NN
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
absolutely	RB
necessary	JJ
.	.
The	DT
job	NN
seeker	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
ask	VB
if	IN
and	CC
why	WRB
the	DT
information	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
.	.
Resume	VB
shopping	NN
:	:
Many	JJ
job-web	JJ
sites	NNS
allow	VBP
anyone	NN
who	WP
can	MD
pay	VB
a	DT
fee	NN
to	TO
search	VB
the	DT
resumes	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
site	NN
.	.
Some	DT
less	JJR
than	IN
ethical	JJ
commission-based	JJ
recruiters	NNS
shop	VBP
these	DT
web	NN
sites	NNS
for	IN
candidates	NNS
to	TO
pitch	VB
to	TO
employers	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
makes	VBZ
the	DT
resumes	NNS
of	IN
job	NN
seekers	NNS
less	RBR
credible	JJ
to	TO
employers	NNS
.	.
If	IN
job	NN
seekers	NNS
know	VBP
what	WP
to	TO
look	VB
out	RP
for	IN
,	,
they	PRP
can	MD
learn	VB
safer	JJR
resume-posting	JJ
habits	NNS
that	WDT
get	VBP
their	PRP$
resumes	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
employers	NNS
that	WDT
interest	VBP
them	PRP
or	CC
to	TO
ethical	JJ
third-party	JJ
recruiters	NNS
that	WDT
work	VBP
in	IN
their	PRP$
best	JJS
interests	NNS
.	.
Perceived	VBN
disloyalty	NN
:	:
Currently	NNP
employed	VBN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
looking	VBG
for	IN
work	NN
may	MD
be	VB
labeled	VBN
as	IN
disloyal	JJ
employees	NNS
and	CC
miss	VBP
opportunities	NNS
at	IN
their	PRP$
current	JJ
workplaces	NNS
if	IN
their	PRP$
employers	NNS
find	VBP
their	PRP$
resumes	NNS
online	VBP
or	CC
intercept	VBP
job-search	NN
related	VBN
e-mail	NN
sent	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
office	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
as	IN
the	DT
on-campus	JJ
job-search	JJ
experts	NNS
are	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
right	JJ
place	NN
to	TO
teach	VB
the	DT
skills	NNS
necessary	JJ
to	TO
fight	VB
these	DT
risks	NNS
.	.
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
career	NN
professionals	NNS
were	VBD
teaching	VBG
privacy	NN
long	RB
before	IN
the	DT
Internet	NNP
appeared	VBD
.	.
Most	JJS
,	,
if	IN
not	RB
all	DT
,	,
resume	VB
workshops	NNS
have	VBP
covered	VBN
the	DT
need	NN
to	TO
limit	VB
the	DT
personal	JJ
information	NN
provided	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
resume	VB
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
served	VBD
as	IN
a	DT
physical	JJ
intermediary	NN
between	IN
employers	NNS
and	CC
job	NN
seekers	NNS
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
professionals	NNS
took	VBD
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
responsibility	NN
for	IN
protecting	VBG
the	DT
privacy	NN
of	IN
job	NN
seekers	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
staffs	NNS
have	VBP
some	DT
methods	NNS
of	IN
ensuring	VBG
that	DT
information	NN
is	VBZ
only	RB
released	VBN
to	TO
employers	NNS
who	WP
may	MD
interest	VB
the	DT
job	NN
seeker	NN
and	CC
protecting	VBG
an	DT
employed	VBN
job	NN
seeker	NN
from	IN
having	VBG
information	NN
sent	VBN
to	TO
their	PRP$
present	JJ
employer	NN
.	.
Limiting	VBG
access	NN
to	TO
personal	JJ
information	NN
is	VBZ
still	RB
the	DT
best	JJS
way	NN
to	TO
protect	VB
an	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
privacy	NN
.	.
Job	NNP
seekers	NNS
are	VBP
in	IN
full	JJ
control	NN
of	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
information	NN
they	PRP
share	VBP
in	IN
a	DT
job	NN
search	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
professionals	NNS
should	MD
remind	VB
job	NN
seekers	NNS
at	IN
every	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
think	VB
twice	RB
before	IN
they	PRP
provide	VBP
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
web	NN
.	.
Encourage	VB
job	NN
seekers	NNS
to	TO
ask	VB
job-search	JJ
web	NN
sites	NNS
questions	NNS
about	IN
what	WP
requested	VBN
information	NN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
for	IN
and	CC
why	WRB
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
important	JJ
that	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
encourage	VBP
job	NN
seekers	NNS
to	TO
notify	VB
them	PRP
of	IN
any	DT
information	NN
request	NN
that	WDT
sounds	VBZ
out	IN
of	IN
line	NN
.	.
This	DT
allows	VBZ
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
to	TO
verify	VB
the	DT
requests	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
or	CC
to	TO
remove	VB
offending	VBG
links	NNS
from	IN
their	PRP$
career	NN
center	NN
web	NN
sites	NNS
.	.
The	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
section	NN
of	IN
a	DT
job	NN
listing	NN
web	NN
site	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
privacy	NN
policy	NN
.	.
Job	NNP
seekers	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
reminded	VBN
to	TO
read	VB
each	DT
site	NN
's	POS
privacy	NN
policy	NN
carefully	RB
and	CC
to	TO
move	VB
on	IN
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
comprehensive	JJ
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
organizations	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
BBBonline	NNP
and	CC
TRUSTe	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
provide	VBP
``	``
privacy	NN
seals	NNS
''	''
to	TO
web	NN
sites	NNS
with	IN
policies	NNS
that	WDT
meet	VBP
specific	JJ
criteria	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
a	DT
solid	JJ
privacy	NN
policy	NN
,	,
a	DT
job	NN
listing	NN
site	NN
should	MD
include	VB
an	DT
instant	NN
means	VBZ
to	TO
``	``
opt	VB
out	RP
''	''
of	IN
any	DT
direct	JJ
or	CC
indirect	JJ
contact	NN
from	IN
the	DT
web	NN
site	NN
owner	NN
or	CC
from	IN
web	NN
site	NN
partners	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
registration	NN
.	.
The	DT
ease	NN
of	IN
including	VBG
this	DT
option	NN
gives	VBZ
legitimate	JJ
job-listing	JJ
sites	NNS
no	DT
excuse	NN
for	IN
requiring	VBG
job	NN
seekers	NNS
to	TO
call	VB
or	CC
write	VB
a	DT
letter	NN
to	TO
get	VB
off	RP
mailing	NN
lists	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
this	DT
option	NN
is	VBZ
of	IN
no	DT
consequence	NN
if	IN
job	NN
seekers	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
take	VB
advantage	NN
of	IN
it	PRP
.	.
Career	NNP
professionals	NNS
should	MD
remind	VB
job	NN
seekers	NNS
to	TO
check	VB
privacy	NN
and	CC
``	``
opt-out	JJ
''	''
policies	NNS
often	RB
as	IN
these	DT
policies	NNS
are	VBP
often	RB
subject	JJ
to	TO
change	VB
without	IN
notice	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
important	JJ
to	TO
remind	VB
job	NN
seekers	NNS
to	TO
post	VB
their	PRP$
resumes	NNS
only	RB
on	IN
the	DT
sites	NNS
they	PRP
find	VBP
valuable	JJ
.	.
``	``
More	JJR
''	''
is	VBZ
definitely	RB
not	RB
``	``
better	JJR
''	''
when	WRB
posting	VBG
resumes	NNS
online	NN
.	.
Job	NNP
seekers	NNS
should	MD
keep	VB
track	NN
of	IN
where	WRB
they	PRP
have	VBP
posted	VBN
their	PRP$
resumes	NNS
,	,
allowing	VBG
them	PRP
to	TO
know	VB
where	WRB
any	DT
unwanted	JJ
solicitations	NNS
may	MD
originate	VB
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
keeping	VBG
track	NN
of	IN
where	WRB
their	PRP$
resumes	NNS
are	VBP
posted	VBN
will	MD
allow	VB
job	NN
seekers	NNS
to	TO
remove	VB
their	PRP$
resumes	NNS
when	WRB
they	PRP
have	VBP
secured	VBN
positions	NNS
.	.
Job	NNP
seekers	NNS
should	MD
also	RB
be	VB
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
limit	VB
access	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
resume	VB
when	WRB
it	PRP
is	VBZ
an	DT
option	NN
.	.
This	DT
affirms	VBZ
their	PRP$
control	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
information	NN
.	.
Provide	VB
constant	JJ
reminders	NNS
:	:
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
things	NNS
career	NN
professionals	NNS
can	MD
do	VB
is	VBZ
to	TO
remind	VB
job	NN
seekers	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
protecting	VBG
their	PRP$
privacy	NN
.	.
Simply	RB
including	VBG
the	DT
information	NN
above	IN
in	IN
your	PRP$
job-search	JJ
materials	NNS
and	CC
presentations	NNS
and\/or	CC
adding	VBG
a	DT
section	NN
on	IN
privacy	NN
in	IN
the	DT
job	NN
search	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
will	MD
make	VB
a	DT
difference	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
suggest	VB
that	IN
a	DT
job	NN
seeker	NN
think	VB
twice	RB
before	IN
registering	VBG
,	,
do	VBP
n't	RB
link	VB
to	TO
the	DT
site	NN
.	.
Check	VB
web-site	JJ
policies	NNS
annually	RB
for	IN
changes	NNS
and	CC
do	VBP
n't	RB
be	VB
afraid	JJ
to	TO
let	VB
a	DT
vendor	NN
know	VBP
why	WRB
you	PRP
think	VBP
an	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
policy	NN
is	VBZ
suspect	JJ
.	.
The	DT
following	JJ
resources	NNS
were	VBD
mentioned	VBN
repeatedly	RB
while	IN
researching	VBG
the	DT
topic	NN
of	IN
privacy	NN
policies	NNS
.	.
These	DT
will	MD
be	VB
of	IN
value	NN
when	WRB
creating	VBG
your	PRP$
privacy	NN
policy	NN
,	,
keeping	VBG
abreast	RB
of	IN
the	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
privacy	NN
,	,
and	CC
preparing	VBG
to	TO
educate	VB
students	NNS
about	IN
privacy	NN
.	.
Organization	NNP
for	IN
Economic	NNP
Cooperation	NNP
and	CC
Development	NNP
The	NNP
OECD	NNP
describes	VBZ
themselves	PRP
as	IN
:	:
``	``
30-member	JJ
countries	NNS
sharing	VBG
a	DT
commitment	NN
to	TO
democratic	JJ
government	NN
and	CC
the	DT
market	NN
economy	NN
.	.
With	IN
active	JJ
relationships	NNS
with	IN
some	DT
70	CD
other	JJ
countries	NNS
,	,
NGOs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
civil	JJ
society	NN
,	,
it	PRP
has	VBZ
a	DT
global	JJ
reach	NN
.	.
Best	JJS
known	VBN
for	IN
its	PRP$
publications	NNS
and	CC
its	PRP$
statistics	NNS
,	,
the	DT
orgainzation	NN
's	POS
work	NN
covers	VBZ
economic	JJ
and	CC
social	JJ
issues	NNS
from	IN
education	NN
,	,
development	NN
to	TO
science	NN
and	CC
innovation	NN
.	.
This	DT
group	NN
developed	VBD
the	DT
OECD	NNP
Privacy	NNP
Policy	NNP
Generator	NNP
which	WDT
uses	VBZ
a	DT
questionnaire	NN
to	TO
learn	VB
about	IN
your	PRP$
personal	JJ
data	NNS
practices	NNS
.	.
Answers	NNS
are	VBP
then	RB
fed	VBN
into	IN
a	DT
pre-formatted	JJ
draft	NN
policy	NN
statement	NN
.	.
''	''
Forum	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
nonprofit	JJ
,	,
nonpartisan	JJ
organization	NN
that	WDT
conducts	VBZ
research	NN
,	,
investigates	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
documents	NNS
the	DT
state	NN
of	IN
personal	JJ
privacy	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Information	NNP
Age	NNP
and	CC
explores	VBZ
the	DT
privacy	NN
implications	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
range	NN
of	IN
technologies	NNS
and	CC
policies	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
educating	VBG
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
policymakers	NNS
about	IN
these	DT
issues	NNS
.	.
''	''
Our	PRP$
investigation	NN
into	IN
the	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
privacy	NN
policies	NNS
was	VBD
greatly	RB
enhanced	VBN
by	IN
speaking	VBG
with	IN
Pam	NNP
Dixon	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
WPF	NNP
's	POS
founders	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
reviewing	VBG
her	PRP$
research	NN
and	CC
writings	NNS
on	IN
privacy	NN
and	CC
the	DT
job	NN
search	NN
.	.
Dixon	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
author	NN
and	CC
journalist	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
written	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
subjects	NNS
including	VBG
technology	NN
,	,
the	DT
workplace	NN
,	,
and	CC
privacy	NN
.	.
Privacy	NN
Benchmarks	NNS
.	.
This	DT
report	NN
addresses	NNS
privacy	NN
issues	NNS
in	IN
today	NN
's	POS
job	NN
search	NN
.	.
It	PRP
provides	VBZ
a	DT
look	NN
at	IN
what	WP
is	VBZ
happening	VBG
to	TO
applicants	NNS
'	POS
job-search	JJ
data	NNS
and	CC
resumes	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
evaluates	VBZ
leading	VBG
online	JJ
job-search	JJ
sites	NNS
,	,
resume	VB
writing	VBG
services	NNS
,	,
employment	NN
kiosks	NNS
,	,
resume	VB
data	NNS
bases	NNS
,	,
Internet	NNP
profiling	VBG
data	NNS
bases	NNS
,	,
and	CC
resume	VB
distribution	NN
services	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
includes	VBZ
discussion	NN
of	IN
privacy	NN
issues	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
use	NN
of	IN
Social	NNP
Security	NNP
numbers	NNS
at	IN
job	NN
sites	NNS
;	:
resume	VB
sharing	VBG
and	CC
cross-posting	VBG
issues	NNS
;	:
use	NN
of	IN
third-party	JJ
cookies	NNS
at	IN
job\/career	NN
sites	NNS
;	:
resume	VB
selling	VBG
and	CC
theft	NN
;	:
frequency	NN
and	CC
quality	NN
of	IN
privacy	NN
notices	NNS
;	:
and	CC
trust	NN
and	CC
seal	NN
programs	NNS
on	IN
job	NN
sites	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Center	NNP
for	IN
Democracy	NNP
and	CC
Technology	NNP
says	VBZ
it	PRP
``	``
works	VBZ
to	TO
promote	VB
democratic	JJ
values	NNS
and	CC
constitutional	JJ
liberties	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
digital	JJ
age	NN
.	.
With	IN
expertise	NN
in	IN
law	NN
,	,
technology	NN
,	,
and	CC
policy	NN
,	,
CDT	NNP
seeks	VBZ
practical	JJ
solutions	NNS
to	TO
enhance	VB
free	JJ
expression	NN
and	CC
privacy	NN
in	IN
global	JJ
communications	NNS
technologies	NNS
.	.
CDT	NNP
is	VBZ
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
building	VBG
consensus	NN
among	IN
all	DT
parties	NNS
interested	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Internet	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
new	JJ
communications	NNS
media	NNS
.	.
''	''
The	DT
following	JJ
organizations	NNS
provide	VBP
privacy	NN
seals	NNS
for	IN
web	NN
sites	NNS
to	TO
indicate	VB
that	DT
privacy	NN
standards	NNS
have	VBP
met	VBN
their	PRP$
criteria	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
might	MD
be	VB
helpful	JJ
to	TO
look	VB
at	IN
the	DT
guidelines	NNS
set	VBN
by	IN
these	DT
sites	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
write	VB
your	PRP$
policy	NN
.	.
BBB	NNP
OnLine	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
arm	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
of	IN
Better	NNP
Business	NNP
Bureaus	NNP
that	WDT
specifically	RB
deals	VBZ
with	IN
web	NN
sites	NNS
.	.
Their	PRP$
Privacy	NN
Seal	NNP
confirms	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
company	NN
stands	VBZ
behind	IN
its	PRP$
online	JJ
privacy	NN
policy	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
met	VBN
the	DT
BBB	NNP
's	POS
program	NN
requirements	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
handling	NN
of	IN
personal	JJ
information	NN
.	.
Federal	NNP
,	,
state	NN
,	,
and	CC
regional	JJ
legislation	NN
must	MD
be	VB
adhered	VBN
to	TO
when	WRB
creating	VBG
a	DT
privacy	NN
policy	NN
.	.
Below	IN
you	PRP
will	MD
find	VB
government	NN
resources	NNS
that	WDT
include	VBP
relevant	JJ
legislation	NN
regarding	VBG
privacy	NN
and	CC
privacy	NN
policies	NNS
or	CC
the	DT
disclosing	VBG
of	IN
student	NN
information	NN
by	IN
schools	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
urge	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
check	VB
with	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
's	POS
legal	JJ
counsel	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
creating	VBG
and	CC
posting	VBG
your	PRP$
privacy	NN
policy	NN
.	.
The	DT
Native	JJ
American	JJ
Achievement	NNP
Program	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
retention	NN
program	NN
for	IN
Native	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
a	DT
collaborative	JJ
partnership	NN
among	IN
several	JJ
academic	JJ
and	CC
student	NN
affairs	NNS
departments	NNS
at	IN
Arizona	NNP
State	NNP
University	NNP
East	NNP
,	,
Main	NNP
,	,
and	CC
West	NNP
campuses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
tribes	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
require	VBP
their	PRP$
students	NNS
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
NAAP	NNP
,	,
provide	VBP
financial	JJ
aid	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
responsible	JJ
for	IN
determining	VBG
eligibility	NN
criteria	NNS
for	IN
tribal	JJ
scholarships	NNS
,	,
selecting	VBG
the	DT
students	NNS
who	WP
receive	VBP
the	DT
scholarships	NNS
,	,
and	CC
setting	VBG
the	DT
scholarship	NN
award	NN
amount	NN
.	.
ASU	NNP
provides	VBZ
the	DT
academic	JJ
and	CC
personal	JJ
success	NN
support	NN
.	.
Each	DT
NAAP	NNP
participant	NN
signs	NNS
a	DT
student	NN
agreement	NN
to	TO
accept	VB
the	DT
terms	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
,	,
which	WDT
include	VBP
attending	VBG
an	DT
on-campus	JJ
orientation	NN
at	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
each	DT
semester	NN
;	:
monthly	JJ
meetings	NNS
with	IN
NAAP	NNP
staff	NN
;	:
periodic	JJ
meetings	NNS
with	IN
instructors	NNS
and	CC
academic	JJ
advisers	NNS
;	:
workshops	NNS
;	:
social	JJ
activities	NNS
;	:
and	CC
a	DT
recognition	NN
banquet	NN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
each	DT
academic	JJ
year	NN
.	.
A	DT
hallmark	NN
of	IN
this	DT
program	NN
is	VBZ
its	PRP$
extensive	JJ
collaboration	NN
with	IN
existing	VBG
campus	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
career	NN
and	CC
counseling	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Through	IN
extensive	JJ
training	NN
,	,
ongoing	JJ
collaboration	NN
,	,
and	CC
deep	RB
,	,
personal	JJ
commitment	NN
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
and	CC
counseling	NN
offices	NNS
,	,
as	IN
campus	NN
partners	NNS
,	,
developed	VBD
and	CC
delivered	VBD
culturally	RB
focused	VBN
and	CC
culturally	RB
relevant	JJ
career	NN
programs	NNS
to	TO
Native	JJ
American	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
NAAP	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
successful	JJ
on	IN
many	JJ
levels	NNS
,	,
most	RBS
notably	RB
in	IN
its	PRP$
retention	NN
outcomes	NNS
.	.
Over	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
five	CD
years	NNS
,	,
NAAP	NNP
students	NNS
have	VBP
persisted	VBN
at	IN
higher	JJR
rates	NNS
than	IN
their	PRP$
cohorts	NNS
.	.
In	IN
three	CD
of	IN
those	DT
years	NNS
,	,
NAAP	NNP
students	NNS
persisted	VBD
at	IN
rates	NNS
ranging	VBG
from	IN
63	CD
to	TO
78	CD
percent	NN
,	,
2	CD
to	TO
5	CD
percent	NN
higher	JJR
than	IN
all	DT
ASU	NNP
freshmen	NNS
.	.
In	IN
all	DT
five	CD
years	NNS
,	,
NAAP	NNP
students	NNS
persisted	VBD
at	IN
rates	NNS
that	WDT
were	VBD
,	,
on	IN
average	NN
,	,
14	CD
percent	NN
higher	JJR
than	IN
their	PRP$
Native	JJ
American	JJ
cohorts	NNS
who	WP
did	VBD
not	RB
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
From	IN
its	PRP$
inception	NN
,	,
career	NN
development	NN
was	VBD
identified	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
key	JJ
component	NN
to	TO
the	DT
NAAP	NNP
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
departments	NNS
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
counseling	NN
and	CC
consultation	NN
played	VBD
central	JJ
roles	NNS
in	IN
helping	VBG
shape	NN
and	CC
develop	VB
the	DT
program	NN
's	POS
career	NN
and	CC
life	NN
skills	NNS
curriculum	NN
.	.
One	CD
challenge	NN
to	TO
developing	VBG
programs	NNS
for	IN
college-age	NN
,	,
predominantly	RB
Navajo	JJ
students	NNS
from	IN
urban	JJ
and	CC
rural	JJ
,	,
traditional	JJ
and	CC
secular	JJ
backgrounds	NNS
was	VBD
the	DT
limited	JJ
availability	NN
of	IN
research	NN
or	CC
models	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
as	IN
a	DT
philosophical	JJ
foundation	NN
.	.
By	IN
combining	VBG
what	WP
we	PRP
knew	VBD
of	IN
existing	VBG
vocational	JJ
psychology	NN
,	,
career	NN
,	,
human	JJ
,	,
and	CC
student	NN
development	NN
theories	NNS
with	IN
applied	JJ
learning	NN
from	IN
unique	JJ
training	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
the	DT
program	NN
developers	NNS
from	IN
both	DT
departments	NNS
set	VBN
out	RP
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
culturally	RB
focused	VBN
and	CC
culturally	RB
relevant	JJ
career	NN
and	CC
life-skills	NNS
curriculum	NN
for	IN
first	JJ
-	:
and	CC
second-year	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
This	DT
paper	NN
highlights	VBZ
the	DT
process	NN
by	IN
which	WDT
this	DT
unique	JJ
curriculum	NN
was	VBD
developed	VBN
,	,
the	DT
factors	NNS
that	WDT
contributed	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
program	NN
's	POS
overall	JJ
success	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
lessons	NNS
the	DT
developers	NNS
learned	VBD
along	IN
the	DT
way	NN
.	.
This	DT
paper	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
intended	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
model	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
work	VB
for	IN
all	DT
programs	NNS
or	CC
for	IN
traditional	JJ
program	NN
development	NN
;	:
however	RB
,	,
this	DT
process	NN
worked	VBD
at	IN
ASU	NNP
and	CC
contains	VBZ
some	DT
universal	JJ
elements	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
applied	VBN
to	TO
developing	VBG
culturally	RB
sensitive	JJ
programs	NNS
.	.
First	RB
,	,
staff	NN
from	IN
both	DT
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
and	CC
the	DT
counseling	NN
office	NN
had	VBD
specific	JJ
knowledge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
cultural	JJ
values	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
population	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
influences	NNS
of	IN
family	NN
and	CC
traditional	JJ
values	NNS
,	,
cultural	JJ
taboos	NNS
,	,
and	CC
spirituality	NN
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
decision-making	NN
.	.
Staff	NNP
either	CC
attained	VBN
this	DT
knowledge	NN
as	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
population	NN
with	IN
traditional	JJ
cultural	JJ
upbringing	NN
,	,
or	CC
through	IN
a	DT
sincere	JJ
desire	NN
to	TO
learn	VB
the	DT
culture	NN
through	IN
extensive	JJ
training	NN
and	CC
immersion	NN
.	.
The	DT
second	JJ
characteristic	NN
was	VBD
our	PRP$
combination	NN
of	IN
education	NN
and	CC
training	NN
,	,
which	WDT
stemmed	VBD
from	IN
our	PRP$
individual	JJ
expertise	NN
in	IN
vocational	JJ
psychology	NN
and	CC
career	NN
development	NN
.	.
The	DT
third	JJ
characteristic	NN
was	VBD
that	IN
we	PRP
were	VBD
not	RB
willing	JJ
to	TO
accept	VB
that	IN
the	DT
existing	VBG
career	NN
development	NN
resources	NNS
and	CC
tools	NNS
were	VBD
the	DT
best	JJS
ones	NNS
available	JJ
.	.
We	PRP
were	VBD
willing	JJ
to	TO
question	VB
those	DT
traditional	JJ
tools	NNS
and	CC
adapt	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
better	RB
fit	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
We	PRP
studied	VBD
career	NN
development	NN
and	CC
multicultural	JJ
literature	NN
to	TO
learn	VB
as	RB
much	JJ
as	IN
we	PRP
could	MD
about	IN
the	DT
population	NN
we	PRP
were	VBD
working	VBG
with	IN
.	.
There	EX
was	VBD
extensive	JJ
and	CC
in-depth	JJ
research	NN
relevant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
cultural	JJ
values	NNS
of	IN
Native	JJ
Americans	NNPS
in	IN
general	JJ
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
limitations	NNS
of	IN
that	DT
research	NN
were	VBD
the	DT
unique	JJ
issues	NNS
of	IN
traditional	JJ
and	CC
secular	JJ
upbringing	NN
,	,
and	CC
rural	JJ
and	CC
urban	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
influence	VBP
the	DT
vocational	JJ
interests	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
students	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
sought	VBD
out	RP
firsthand	RB
cultural	JJ
knowledge	NN
through	IN
special	JJ
training	NN
by	IN
tribal	JJ
elders	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
Navajo	NNP
reservation	NN
,	,
one-on-one	JJ
consultation	NN
with	IN
program	NN
advisers	NNS
from	IN
similar	JJ
backgrounds	NNS
,	,
feedback	NN
from	IN
Native	JJ
American	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
and	CC
seminars	NNS
specific	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
populations	NNS
we	PRP
worked	VBD
with	IN
.	.
We	PRP
would	MD
need	VB
to	TO
conduct	VB
a	DT
more	RBR
in-depth	JJ
study	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
to	TO
single	VB
out	RP
the	DT
effects	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
development	NN
program	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
workshop	NN
evaluations	NNS
,	,
the	DT
students	NNS
found	VBD
the	DT
program	NN
to	TO
be	VB
helpful	JJ
in	IN
learning	VBG
and	CC
exploring	VBG
in-depth	JJ
the	DT
factors	NNS
that	WDT
influence	VBP
career	NN
and	CC
life	NN
choices	NNS
.	.
Applying	VBG
what	WP
we	PRP
had	VBD
learned	VBN
also	RB
required	VBN
us	PRP
to	TO
critically	RB
assess	VB
the	DT
current	JJ
career	NN
development	NN
tools	NNS
at	IN
hand	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
tools	NNS
had	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
adapted	VBN
or	CC
modified	VBN
to	TO
better	JJR
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
we	PRP
worked	VBD
with	IN
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
to	TO
explain	VB
self-actualization	NN
and	CC
Maslow	NNP
's	POS
hierarchy	NN
of	IN
need	NN
,	,
we	PRP
made	VBD
analogies	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Navajo	NNP
Philosophy	NNP
of	IN
Life	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
emphasizes	VBZ
trying	VBG
to	TO
live	VB
life	NN
in	IN
perfect	JJ
harmony	NN
and	CC
balance	NN
,	,
and	CC
reaching	VBG
a	DT
stage	NN
in	IN
life	NN
where	WRB
such	JJ
harmony	NN
,	,
or	CC
self-actualization	NN
,	,
could	MD
exist	VB
.	.
We	PRP
modified	VBD
value	NN
card	NN
sorts	NNS
to	TO
include	VB
cards	NNS
that	WDT
expressed	VBD
traditional	JJ
values	NNS
not	RB
identified	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
institutional	JJ
pack	NN
.	.
Elders	NNPS
were	VBD
invited	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
classroom	NN
to	TO
lend	VB
support	NN
and	CC
to	TO
facilitate	VB
program	NN
components	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
instructed	VBD
using	VBG
active	JJ
learning\/cooperative	JJ
learning	NN
principles	NNS
,	,
and	CC
relied	VB
very	RB
little	RB
on	IN
singular	JJ
response	NN
activities	NNS
or	CC
questions	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
were	VBD
typically	RB
adverse	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
group	NN
dynamics	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
culture	NN
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
had	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
aware	JJ
of	IN
how	WRB
we	PRP
helped	VBD
students	NNS
evaluate	VB
occupations	NNS
that	WDT
involved	VBD
working	VBG
with	IN
cultural	JJ
taboos	NNS
around	IN
death	NN
and	CC
dying	VBG
,	,
including	VBG
occupations	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
life	NN
insurance	NN
sales	NNS
,	,
nurses	NNS
,	,
doctors	NNS
,	,
morticians	NNS
,	,
forensic	JJ
scientists	NNS
,	,
and	CC
emergency	NN
response	NN
personnel	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
had	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
talk	VB
about	IN
possible	JJ
conflicts	NNS
with	IN
cultural	JJ
values	NNS
and	CC
belief	NN
systems	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
help	VB
students	NNS
work	VB
through	IN
these	DT
occupational	JJ
concerns	NNS
.	.
All	DT
our	PRP$
training	NN
and	CC
practical	JJ
applications	NNS
were	VBD
focused	VBN
on	IN
bridging	VBG
long-standing	JJ
academic	JJ
practice	NN
with	IN
more	JJR
culturally	RB
focused	VBN
methodologies	NNS
,	,
yet	RB
we	PRP
found	VBD
our	PRP$
best	JJS
attempts	NNS
fell	VBD
short	RB
in	IN
some	DT
areas	NNS
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
we	PRP
still	RB
had	VBD
much	JJ
to	TO
learn	VB
.	.
Though	IN
the	DT
intent	NN
of	IN
this	DT
paper	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
establish	VB
the	DT
framework	NN
for	IN
the	DT
career-life	NN
skills	NNS
component	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
,	,
a	DT
few	JJ
lessons	NNS
are	VBP
important	JJ
to	TO
keep	VB
in	IN
mind	NN
as	IN
similar	JJ
programs	NNS
begin	VBP
to	TO
take	VB
shape	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
implemented	VBN
.	.
What	WP
worked	VBD
for	IN
our	PRP$
institution	NN
's	POS
purpose	NN
may	MD
not	RB
work	VB
at	IN
other	JJ
institutions	NNS
or	CC
with	IN
other	JJ
targeted	JJ
populations	NNS
.	.
Do	VB
your	PRP$
homework	NN
and	CC
be	VB
creative	JJ
and	CC
innovative	JJ
in	IN
how	WRB
you	PRP
dialogue	NN
with	IN
the	DT
populations	NNS
you	PRP
wish	VBP
to	TO
offer	VB
targeted	JJ
services	NNS
.	.
Ask	JJ
yourself	PRP
,	,
``	``
What	WP
relationship	NN
do	VBP
we	PRP
have	VBP
with	IN
this	DT
community	NN
?	.
What	WP
really	RB
matters	VBZ
to	TO
those	DT
we	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
?	.
What	WP
are	VBP
their	PRP$
concerns	NNS
and	CC
aspirations	NNS
?	.
What	WP
role	NN
do	VBP
we	PRP
expect	VBP
to	TO
play	VB
in	IN
facilitating	VBG
growth	NN
?	.
What	WP
role	NN
do	VBP
they	PRP
expect	VBP
of	IN
us	PRP
?	.
What	WP
nonverbal	JJ
messages	NNS
does	VBZ
our	PRP$
office	NN
give	VB
about	IN
sensitivity	NN
to	TO
diversity	NN
?	.
Does	VBZ
it	PRP
make	VB
sense	NN
to	TO
promote	VB
the	DT
resources	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
office	NN
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
have	VB
staff	NN
,	,
employers	NNS
,	,
or	CC
programs	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
a	DT
culturally	RB
diverse	JJ
or	CC
relevant	JJ
foundation	NN
?	.
What	WP
changes	NNS
are	VBP
we	PRP
willing	JJ
to	TO
make	VB
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
more	RBR
inclusive	JJ
environment	NN
?	.
''	''
We	PRP
found	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
good	JJ
starting	VBG
point	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
consult	VB
the	DT
communities	NNS
we	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
serve	VB
about	IN
which	WDT
resources	NNS
they	PRP
find	VBP
most	RBS
helpful	JJ
.	.
In	IN
doing	VBG
so	RB
,	,
Native	JJ
constituents	NNS
recommended	VBD
a	DT
directory	NN
of	IN
all	DT
state	NN
tribal	JJ
offices	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
contact	NN
information	NN
.	.
We	PRP
would	MD
not	RB
have	VB
known	VBN
about	IN
this	DT
valuable	JJ
resource	NN
had	VBD
we	PRP
not	RB
asked	VBD
.	.
Involve	VB
elders	NNS
,	,
talk	VB
more	RBR
with	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
community	NN
you	PRP
wish	VBP
to	TO
serve	VB
and	CC
with	IN
key	JJ
stakeholders	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
scholarship	NN
offices	NNS
,	,
education	NN
departments	NNS
,	,
economic	JJ
development	NN
departments	NNS
,	,
as	IN
examples	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
find	VB
out	RP
their	PRP$
experiences	NNS
and	CC
concerns	NNS
.	.
Identify	VB
immediate	JJ
barriers	NNS
and	CC
be	VB
creative	JJ
in	IN
overcoming	VBG
those	DT
barriers	NNS
so	IN
that	IN
important	JJ
work	NN
can	MD
progress	VB
.	.
Go	VB
out	RP
into	IN
the	DT
community	NN
,	,
in	IN
gathering	NN
places	NNS
,	,
and	CC
within	IN
enclaves	NNS
and	CC
develop	VB
relationships	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
community	NN
.	.
Begin	VB
a	DT
dialogue	NN
to	TO
find	VB
out	RP
their	PRP$
needs	NNS
.	.
Embed	VB
yourself	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
community	NN
to	TO
understand	VB
what	WP
really	RB
matters	VBZ
most	RBS
to	TO
your	PRP$
students	NNS
.	.
Find	VB
the	DT
business	NN
case	NN
and	CC
gaining	VBG
organizational	JJ
support	NN
for	IN
diversity	NN
recruiting	NN
,	,
learn	VBP
how	WRB
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
sourcing	VBG
and	CC
recruiting	VBG
plan	NN
,	,
find	VB
out	RP
how	WRB
to	TO
evaluate	VB
your	PRP$
progress	NN
,	,
and	CC
get	VB
tips	NNS
on	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
retain	VB
new	JJ
hires	NNS
.	.
Julie	NNP
Cunningham	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
independent	JJ
consultant	NN
to	TO
employers	NNS
on	IN
their	PRP$
college	NN
relations	NNS
and	CC
recruiting	VBG
programs	NNS
.	.
Previously	RB
,	,
she	PRP
was	VBD
manager	NN
of	IN
global	JJ
college	NN
relations	NNS
for	IN
Tellabs	NNP
and	CC
director	NN
of	IN
engineering	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
at	IN
The	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Kansas	NNP
.	.
Cunningham	NNP
has	VBZ
served	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
boards	NNS
of	IN
directors	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Midwest	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
,	,
and	CC
as	IN
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Rocky	NNP
Mountain	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
frequent	JJ
speaker	NN
at	IN
regional	JJ
and	CC
national	JJ
college	NN
recruiting	NN
conferences	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
may	MD
wish	VB
to	TO
share\/adapt	VB
the	DT
``	``
letter	NN
for	IN
colleges	NNS
''	''
with	IN
their	PRP$
President	NNP
;	:
Vice	NNP
Presidents	NNPS
of	IN
Student	NNP
Affairs	NNP
,	,
Institutional	NNP
Advancement	NNP
and	CC
Development	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Academic	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
Principles	NNPS
Committee	NNP
believes	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
practice	NN
of	IN
exploding	VBG
offers	NNS
is	VBZ
an	DT
issue	NN
for	IN
both	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
employment	NN
professionals	NNS
,	,
as	IN
it	PRP
affects	VBZ
their	PRP$
mutual	JJ
customers-students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
best	JJS
employment	NN
decisions	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
both	DT
students	NNS
and	CC
employers	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
those	DT
that	WDT
are	VBP
made	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
greatest	JJS
amount	NN
of	IN
information	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
given	VBN
sufficient	JJ
time	NN
to	TO
gather	VB
thorough	JJ
information	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
all	DT
available	JJ
job	NN
opportunities	NNS
are	VBP
more	RBR
likely	JJ
to	TO
make	VB
good	JJ
long-term	JJ
employment	NN
decisions	NNS
and	CC
less	RBR
likely	JJ
to	TO
renege	VB
on	IN
job	NN
acceptances	NNS
.	.
By	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
token	JJ
,	,
however	RB
,	,
the	DT
committee	NN
recognizes	VBZ
that	IN
there	EX
are	VBP
legitimate	JJ
business	NN
reasons	NNS
for	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
to	TO
have	VB
an	DT
offer	NN
accepted	VBD
or	CC
rejected	VBD
within	IN
a	DT
specific	JJ
time	NN
frame	NN
.	.
The	DT
committee	NN
decided	VBD
that	IN
while	IN
cash	NN
incentives	NNS
certainly	RB
influence	VBP
a	DT
job	NN
decision	NN
,	,
the	DT
short	JJ
time	NN
frame	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
a	DT
person	NN
must	MD
make	VB
a	DT
decision	NN
to	TO
accept	VB
or	CC
reject	VB
an	DT
offer	NN
should	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
``	``
improper	JJ
influence	NN
.	.
''	''
At	IN
the	DT
federal	JJ
level	NN
,	,
two	CD
laws	NNS
regulate	VB
the	DT
disclosure	NN
of	IN
personal	JJ
information	NN
.	.
The	DT
Federal	NNP
Privacy	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
federal	JJ
agencies	NNS
from	IN
disclosing	VBG
personal	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
an	DT
individual	NN
without	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
prior	JJ
written	VBN
consent	NN
.	.
Similarly	RB
,	,
the	DT
Family	NNP
Educational	NNP
Rights	NNPS
and	CC
Privacy	NNP
Act	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FERPA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
prohibits	VBZ
educational	JJ
institutions	NNS
from	IN
disclosing	VBG
information	NN
in	IN
a	DT
student	NN
's	POS
academic	JJ
record	NN
without	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
prior	JJ
written	VBN
consent	NN
.	.
Some	DT
states	NNS
have	VBP
privacy	NN
laws	NNS
that	WDT
regulate	VBP
personal	JJ
or	CC
students	NNS
records	NNS
;	:
others	NNS
have	VBP
constitutions	NNS
that	WDT
guarantee	VBP
the	DT
right	NN
of	IN
privacy	NN
to	TO
all	DT
of	IN
their	PRP$
respective	JJ
citizens	NNS
.	.
The	DT
personal\/student	NN
record	NN
laws	NNS
prohibit	VBP
employers	NNS
and	CC
schools	NNS
from	IN
disclosing	VBG
information	NN
about	IN
individuals	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
students	NNS
,	,
without	IN
their	PRP$
consent	NN
.	.
The	DT
state	NN
constitutional	JJ
requirement	NN
typically	RB
applies	VBZ
to	TO
any	DT
state	NN
government	NN
action	NN
that	WDT
could	MD
violate	VB
a	DT
person	NN
's	POS
right	NN
of	IN
privacy	NN
.	.
The	DT
common	JJ
thread	NN
running	VBG
through	IN
the	DT
statutory	JJ
and	CC
constitutional	JJ
requirements	NNS
is	VBZ
that	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
individuals	NNS
must	MD
give	VB
consent	NN
before	IN
information	NN
about	IN
them	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
disclosed	VBN
.	.
Employers	NNS
and	CC
schools	NNS
can	MD
meet	VB
these	DT
requirements	NNS
by	IN
obtaining	VBG
written	VBN
consent	NN
before	IN
disclosing	VBG
salary	NN
information	NN
or	CC
by	IN
disclosing	VBG
salary	NN
data	NNS
without	IN
revealing	VBG
the	DT
person	NN
's	POS
name	NN
.	.
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
require	VB
employers	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
student	NN
names	NNS
and	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
publish	VB
them	PRP
.	.
Two	CD
federal	JJ
antitrust	JJ
statutes	NNS
apply	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
dissemination	NN
of	IN
salary	NN
information	NN
among	IN
competitors	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Sherman	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
any	DT
agreement	NN
or	CC
conspiracy	NN
between	IN
two	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
entities	NNS
that	WDT
would	MD
result	VB
in	IN
an	DT
unreasonable	JJ
restraint	NN
of	IN
trade	NN
.	.
The	DT
Federal	NNP
Trade	NNP
Commission	NNP
Act	NNP
prohibits	VBZ
and	CC
remedies	NNS
unfair	JJ
methods	NNS
of	IN
competition	NN
.	.
State	NNP
antitrust	JJ
laws	NNS
parallel	VBP
these	DT
federal	JJ
statutes	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
the	DT
courts	NNS
recognize	VBP
that	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
legitimate	JJ
for	IN
competitors	NNS
to	TO
have	VB
information	NN
on	IN
prices	NNS
because	IN
it	PRP
leads	VBZ
to	TO
increased	VBN
efficiency	NN
in	IN
the	DT
marketplace	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
the	DT
exchange	NN
of	IN
salary	NN
information	NN
among	IN
competitors	NNS
is	VBZ
not	RB
illegal	JJ
,	,
per	IN
se	FW
.	.
However	RB
,	,
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
information	NN
in	IN
a	DT
way	NN
that	IN
restrains	VBZ
competition-for	JJ
example	NN
,	,
if	IN
several	JJ
major	JJ
employers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
computer	NN
industry	NN
agreed	VBD
to	TO
cap	VB
starting	VBG
salaries	NNS
for	IN
electronic	JJ
engineers	NNS
at	IN
$	$
40,000-would	CD
be	VB
considered	VBN
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
antitrust	JJ
laws	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
at	IN
least	JJS
five	CD
firms	NNS
reporting	VBG
data	NNS
,	,
with	IN
no	DT
one	NN
firm	NN
representing	VBG
more	JJR
than	IN
25	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
data	NNS
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
any	DT
information	NN
must	MD
be	VB
aggregated	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
way	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
not	RB
allow	VB
recipients	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
information	NN
to	TO
identify	VB
the	DT
prices	NNS
charged	VBD
or	CC
the	DT
compensation	NN
paid	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
particular	JJ
company	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
's	POS
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
meets	VBZ
all	DT
of	IN
these	DT
criteria	NNS
.	.
Data	NNS
are	VBP
provided	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
large	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
member	NN
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
,	,
the	DT
information	NN
is	VBZ
current	JJ
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
is	VBZ
grouped	VBN
by	IN
industry	NN
,	,
job	NN
function	NN
,	,
degree	NN
,	,
and	CC
major	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
way	NN
that	IN
no	DT
employer	NN
's	POS
or	CC
job	NN
candidate	NN
's	POS
salary	NN
information	NN
can	MD
be	VB
identified	VBN
.	.
Ryan	NNP
,	,
director	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
at	IN
University	NNP
of	IN
Buffalo	NNP
.	.
Students	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
are	VBP
a	DT
growing	VBG
population	NN
on	IN
college	NN
campuses	NNS
;	:
however	RB
they	PRP
find	VBP
employment	NN
in	IN
significantly	RB
lower	JJR
percentages	NNS
than	IN
other	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
Dulce	NNP
M.	NNP
Ramirez-Damon	NNP
,	,
Concepcion	NNP
L.	NNP
Tuma	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Kyra	NNP
A.	NNP
Spence	NNP
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
staff	NN
who	WP
want	VBP
to	TO
help	VB
students	NNS
hone	VB
and	CC
use	VB
their	PRP$
entrepreneurial	JJ
skills	NNS
to	TO
secure	VB
jobs	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
fields	NNS
will	MD
get	VB
ideas	NNS
and	CC
examples	NNS
they	PRP
can	MD
use	VB
in	IN
their	PRP$
programs	NNS
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
basic-level	JJ
seminar	NN
.	.
Get	VB
the	DT
facts	NNS
you	PRP
need	VBP
about	IN
your	PRP$
legal	JJ
obligations	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
relate	VBP
to	TO
student	NN
information	NN
,	,
learn	VBP
what	WP
should	MD
be	VB
in	IN
your	PRP$
privacy	NN
policy	NN
,	,
get	VB
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
do	VBP
's	POS
and	CC
do	VB
n'ts	NNS
of	IN
disclosure	NN
,	,
and	CC
find	VB
out	RP
what	WP
your	PRP$
liability	NN
is	VBZ
when	WRB
student	NN
's	POS
privacy	NN
is	VBZ
invaded	VBN
.	.
This	DT
virtual	JJ
seminar	NN
will	MD
also	RB
cover	VB
issues	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
arisen	VBN
thanks	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
latest	JJS
privacy	NN
pitfall	NN
:	:
social	JJ
networking	NN
sites	NNS
.	.
Learn	VB
what	WP
is\/isn	NN
'	''
t	NN
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
employers	NNS
to	TO
access	NN
,	,
how	WRB
to	TO
draw	VB
the	DT
line	NN
between	IN
due	JJ
diligence	NN
and	CC
``	``
snooping	VBG
,	,
''	''
and	CC
what	WP
constitutes	VBZ
responsible	JJ
professional	JJ
conduct	NN
.	.
Nancy	NNP
Conrad	NNP
,	,
Esquire	NNP
,	,
will	MD
also	RB
offer	VB
pointers	NNS
for	IN
employers	NNS
on	IN
obtaining	VBG
information	NN
via	IN
the	DT
Internet	NNP
and	CC
for	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
on	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
guide	VB
students	NNS
to	TO
protect	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
privacy	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
basic	JJ
level	NN
seminar	NN
.	.
Counselor	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
LPC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
in	IN
the	DT
Commonwealth	NNP
of	IN
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
one	CD
college	NN
turned	VBD
its	PRP$
small	JJ
etiquette	NN
dinner	NN
,	,
which	WDT
drained	VBD
funds	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
,	,
into	IN
a	DT
dinner	NN
that	WDT
gave	VBD
students	NNS
a	DT
chance	NN
to	TO
practice	VB
their	PRP$
etiquette	NN
skills	NNS
and	CC
meet	VB
potential	JJ
employers	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
real-life	JJ
professional	JJ
dinner	NN
,	,
increased	VBD
the	DT
office	NN
budget	NN
,	,
and	CC
drew	VBD
support	NN
from	IN
other	JJ
campus	NN
departments	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
community	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
basic	JJ
level	NN
seminar	NN
.	.
Section	NN
1	CD
.	.
Charter	NNP
membership	NN
in	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
shall	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
founding	NN
Regional	NNP
Associations	NNS
of	IN
Colleges	NNS
and	CC
Employers	NNS
now	RB
known	VBN
as	IN
Eastern	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
,	,
Midwest	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
,	,
Mountain	NNP
Pacific	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
,	,
Southeastern	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Southwest	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
.	.
Charter	NNP
membership	NN
will	MD
also	RB
be	VB
granted	VBN
to	TO
regional	JJ
associations	NNS
created	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
a	DT
merger	NN
among	IN
the	DT
associations	NNS
listed	VBN
above	RB
.	.
Section	NN
2	CD
.	.
Other	JJ
Regional	NNP
Associations	NNS
of	IN
Colleges	NNS
and	CC
Employers	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
charter	NN
membership	NN
at	IN
any	DT
regular	JJ
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
NACE	NNP
by	IN
an	DT
affirmative	JJ
vote	NN
of	IN
two-thirds	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
2\/3	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
voting	NN
Board	NNP
members	NNS
in	IN
office	NN
,	,
provided	VBD
that	DT
formal	JJ
written	VBN
application	NN
from	IN
that	DT
association	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
received	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNS
at	IN
least	JJS
ninety	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
90	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
.	.
NACE	NNP
only	RB
through	IN
their	PRP$
representatives	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
The	DT
number	NN
of	IN
representatives	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
the	DT
criteria	NNS
for	IN
selection	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
rules	NNS
of	IN
governance	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
as	IN
provided	VBN
in	IN
Article	NNP
XI	NNP
of	IN
these	DT
bylaws	NNS
.	.
Institutional	JJ
college	NN
membership	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
to	TO
any	DT
degree	NN
granting	VBG
college	NN
and	CC
university	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
officially	RB
recognized	VBN
either	RB
by	IN
an	DT
accrediting	NN
body	NN
recognized	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
of	IN
Higher	JJR
Education	NNP
Accreditation	NNP
or	CC
a	DT
subdivision	NN
thereof	RB
or	CC
by	IN
the	DT
designated	VBN
governmental	JJ
entity	NN
in	IN
the	DT
country	NN
within	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
college	NN
or	CC
university	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
and	CC
which	WDT
provides	VBZ
career	NN
services	NNS
including	VBG
,	,
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
,	,
career	NN
planning	NN
,	,
counseling	NN
,	,
and	CC
placement	NN
assistance	NN
for	IN
full-time	JJ
,	,
part-time	JJ
,	,
summer	NN
jobs	NNS
,	,
cooperative	JJ
education	NN
,	,
or	CC
internships	NNS
,	,
and	CC
which	WDT
designates	VBZ
as	IN
its	PRP$
representative	NN
to	TO
NACE	VB
an	DT
individual	JJ
to	TO
hold	VB
such	JJ
membership	NN
whose	WP$
primary	JJ
responsibility	NN
within	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
is	VBZ
career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
An	DT
institutional	JJ
college	NN
member	NN
shall	MD
designate	VB
as	IN
its	PRP$
representative	NN
to	TO
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
an	DT
individual	JJ
to	TO
hold	VB
such	JJ
membership	NN
whose	WP$
primary	JJ
responsibility	NN
within	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
is	VBZ
career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
The	DT
designated	VBN
representative	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
eligible	JJ
to	TO
hold	VB
office	NN
in	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
,	,
serve	VBP
as	IN
a	DT
Director	NNP
,	,
or	CC
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
a	DT
NACE	NNP
committee	NN
or	CC
task	NN
force\/team	NN
.	.
The	DT
designated	VBN
representative	NN
shall	MD
have	VB
a	DT
vote	NN
in	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
's	POS
elections	NNS
for	IN
Directors	NNS
and	CC
officers	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
shall	MD
also	RB
have	VB
a	DT
voice	NN
in	IN
the	DT
affairs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
through	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
,	,
committees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
task	NN
forces\/teams	NNS
.	.
Individual	JJ
college	NN
membership	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
to	TO
any	DT
individual	JJ
employed	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
institutional	JJ
college	NN
member	NN
at	IN
any	DT
location	NN
worldwide	NN
and	CC
engaged	VBN
in	IN
providing	VBG
career	NN
services	NNS
including	VBG
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
experiential	JJ
education	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
cooperative	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
internships	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
students	NNS
and\/or	CC
graduates	NNS
.	.
An	DT
individual	JJ
college	NN
member	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
eligible	JJ
to	TO
hold	VB
office	NN
in	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
,	,
serve	VBP
as	IN
a	DT
Director	NNP
,	,
or	CC
serve	VB
as	IN
member	NN
of	IN
a	DT
NACE	NNP
committee	NN
or	CC
task	NN
force\/team	NN
.	.
An	DT
individual	JJ
college	NN
member	NN
shall	MD
have	VB
a	DT
vote	NN
in	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
's	POS
elections	NNS
for	IN
Directors	NNS
and	CC
officers	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
shall	MD
also	RB
have	VB
a	DT
voice	NN
in	IN
the	DT
affairs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
through	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
,	,
committees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
task	NN
forces\/teams	NNS
.	.
Electronic	JJ
college	NN
membership	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
to	TO
any	DT
individual	JJ
employed	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
institutional	JJ
college	NN
member	NN
at	IN
any	DT
location	NN
worldwide	NN
and	CC
engaged	VBN
in	IN
providing	VBG
career	NN
services	NNS
including	VBG
but	CC
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
experiential	JJ
education	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
cooperative	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
internships	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
students	NNS
and\/or	CC
graduates	NNS
.	.
An	DT
electronic	JJ
college	NN
member	NN
is	VBZ
ineligible	JJ
to	TO
hold	VB
office	NN
in	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
,	,
serve	VBP
as	IN
a	DT
Director	NNP
,	,
or	CC
serve	VB
as	IN
member	NN
of	IN
a	DT
NACE	NNP
committee	NN
or	CC
task	NN
force\/team	NN
.	.
An	DT
electronic	JJ
college	NN
member	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
have	VB
a	DT
vote	NN
in	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
's	POS
elections	NNS
for	IN
Directors	NNS
and	CC
officers	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
shall	MD
also	RB
have	VB
a	DT
voice	NN
in	IN
the	DT
affairs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
through	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
,	,
committees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
task	NN
forces\/teams	NNS
.	.
Institutional	JJ
employer	NN
membership	NN
may	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
to	TO
any	DT
employing	VBG
organization	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
engaged	VBN
in	IN
human	JJ
resources	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
staffing	NN
,	,
or	CC
recruiting	VBG
and\/or	CC
hiring	VBG
of	IN
college	NN
graduates	VBZ
solely	RB
for	IN
its	PRP$
own	JJ
work	NN
force	NN
or	CC
for	IN
a	DT
subdivision	NN
thereof	RB
and	CC
maintains	VBZ
college	NN
relations	NNS
for	IN
its	PRP$
own	JJ
organization	NN
.	.
This	DT
does	VBZ
not	RB
include	VB
any	DT
organization	NN
which	WDT
provides	VBZ
a	DT
service	NN
or	CC
product	NN
to	TO
career	NN
services	NNS
or	CC
college	NN
relations\/recruiting	VBG
functions	NNS
as	IN
more	JJR
specifically	RB
defined	VBN
in	IN
Article	NNP
VIII	NNP
.	.
An	DT
institutional	JJ
employer	NN
member	NN
shall	MD
designate	VB
as	IN
its	PRP$
representative	NN
to	TO
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
an	DT
individual	JJ
to	TO
hold	VB
such	JJ
membership	NN
whose	WP$
responsibilities	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
includes	VBZ
human	JJ
resources	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
staffing	NN
,	,
or	CC
recruiting	VBG
and\/or	CC
hiring	VBG
for	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
.	.
Individual	JJ
employer	NN
membership	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
to	TO
any	DT
individual	JJ
employed	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
institutional	JJ
employer	NN
member	NN
at	IN
any	DT
location	NN
worldwide	NN
and	CC
engaged	VBN
in	IN
human	JJ
resources	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
staffing	NN
,	,
or	CC
recruiting\/hiring	VBG
.	.
An	DT
individual	JJ
employer	NN
member	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
eligible	JJ
to	TO
hold	VB
office	NN
in	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
,	,
serve	VBP
as	IN
a	DT
Director	NNP
,	,
or	CC
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
a	DT
NACE	NNP
committee	NN
or	CC
task	NN
force\/team	NN
.	.
An	DT
individual	JJ
employer	NN
member	NN
shall	MD
have	VB
a	DT
vote	NN
in	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
's	POS
elections	NNS
for	IN
Directors	NNS
and	CC
officers	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
shall	MD
also	RB
have	VB
a	DT
voice	NN
in	IN
the	DT
affairs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
through	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
,	,
committees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
task	NN
forces\/teams	NNS
.	.
Electronic	JJ
employer	NN
membership	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
to	TO
any	DT
individual	JJ
employed	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
institutional	JJ
employer	NN
member	NN
at	IN
any	DT
location	NN
worldwide	NN
and	CC
engaged	VBN
in	IN
human	JJ
resources	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
staffing	NN
,	,
or	CC
recruiting\/hiring	VBG
.	.
An	DT
electronic	JJ
employer	NN
member	NN
is	VBZ
ineligible	JJ
to	TO
hold	VB
office	NN
in	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
,	,
serve	VBP
as	IN
a	DT
Director	NNP
,	,
or	CC
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
a	DT
NACE	NNP
Committee\/or	NNP
task	NN
force\/team	NN
.	.
An	DT
electronic	JJ
employer	NN
member	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
have	VB
a	DT
vote	NN
in	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
's	POS
elections	NNS
for	IN
Directors	NNS
and	CC
officers	NNS
.	.
He	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
shall	MD
have	VB
a	DT
voice	NN
in	IN
the	DT
affairs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
through	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
,	,
committees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
task	NN
forces\/teams	NNS
.	.
Section	NN
4	CD
.	.
Regular	JJ
institutional	JJ
,	,
individual	JJ
,	,
and	CC
electronic	JJ
members	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
pay	VB
annual	JJ
dues	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
established	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
remain	VB
a	DT
member	NN
in	IN
good	JJ
standing	NN
and	CC
to	TO
be	VB
entitled	VBN
to	TO
receive	VB
full	JJ
privileges	NNS
of	IN
membership	NN
.	.
Renewal	NN
of	IN
individual	JJ
and	CC
electronic	JJ
membership	NN
will	MD
also	RB
be	VB
contingent	JJ
upon	IN
the	DT
continued	VBN
membership	NN
of	IN
the	DT
institutional	JJ
member	NN
.	.
The	DT
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
may	MD
establish	VB
categories	NNS
for	IN
dues	NNS
and	CC
may	MD
set	VB
different	JJ
dues	NNS
for	IN
different	JJ
categories	NNS
.	.
Section	NN
1	CD
.	.
Individual	JJ
student	NN
membership	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
to	TO
any	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
attending	VBG
school	NN
at	IN
an	DT
institutional	JJ
member	NN
college	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
sponsored	VBN
by	IN
that	DT
member	NN
;	:
is	VBZ
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
six	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
6	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
credit	NN
hours	NNS
per	IN
term	NN
;	:
and	CC
is	VBZ
pursuing	VBG
a	DT
career	NN
in	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
or	CC
human	JJ
resources	NNS
.	.
Section	NN
1	CD
.	.
Retired	VBN
professional	JJ
membership	NN
may	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
to	TO
any	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
retired	VBN
and	CC
is	VBZ
no	RB
longer	RB
working	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
or	CC
human	JJ
resources	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
staffing	NN
,	,
or	CC
recruiting\/hiring	VBG
field	NN
and	CC
who	WP
would	MD
not	RB
otherwise	RB
qualify	VB
for	IN
another	DT
membership	NN
category	NN
.	.
Section	NN
2	CD
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
shall	MD
exercise	VB
all	DT
powers	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
as	IN
shall	MD
be	VB
deemed	VBN
appropriate	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
accomplishment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
stated	VBN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
,	,
as	IN
set	VBN
forth	RB
in	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
Articles	NNPS
of	IN
Incorporation	NNP
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
,	,
and	CC
as	IN
stated	VBN
in	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
Mission	NNP
Statement	NNP
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
,	,
except	IN
those	DT
powers	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
allocated	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Committee	NNP
by	IN
these	DT
bylaws	NNS
or	CC
are	VBP
delegated	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Committee	NNP
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
C.	NNP
The	NNP
position	NN
of	IN
Secretary-Treasurer	NNP
shall	MD
be	VB
filled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
person	NN
serving	VBG
as	IN
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
,	,
who	WP
shall	MD
serve	VB
a	DT
continuous	JJ
term	NN
at	IN
the	DT
will	NN
and	CC
pleasure	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
.	.
D.	NNP
The	NNP
position	NN
of	IN
President	NNP
shall	MD
be	VB
filled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
held	VBD
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
President-Elect	NNP
during	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
term	NN
.	.
The	DT
position	NN
of	IN
Past	NNP
President	NNP
shall	MD
be	VB
filled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
who	WP
held	VBD
the	DT
position	NN
of	IN
President	NNP
during	IN
the	DT
preceding	VBG
term	NN
.	.
E.	NNP
Each	DT
officer	NN
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
exception	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Secretary-Treasurer	NNP
,	,
who	WP
serves	VBZ
as	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
without	IN
a	DT
vote	NN
,	,
will	MD
be	VB
entitled	VBN
to	TO
one	CD
vote	NN
at	IN
any	DT
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
or	CC
committee\/task	JJ
force\/team	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
he\/she	VBP
is	VBZ
assigned	VBN
.	.
Officers	NNS
shall	MD
hold	VB
office	NN
until	IN
their	PRP$
successors	NNS
are	VBP
elected	VBN
and	CC
qualify	VB
in	IN
their	PRP$
stead	NN
,	,
until	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
removed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
or	CC
until	IN
their	PRP$
positions	NNS
are	VBP
filled	VBN
as	IN
otherwise	RB
provided	VBN
in	IN
these	DT
bylaws	NNS
.	.
The	DT
individual	JJ
elected	VBN
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
President-Elect	NN
will	MD
serve	VB
as	IN
an	DT
officer	NN
for	IN
a	DT
three-year	JJ
term	NN
,	,
the	DT
first	JJ
year	NN
as	IN
President-Elect	NNP
,	,
the	DT
second	JJ
year	NN
as	IN
President	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
third	JJ
year	NN
as	IN
Past	NNP
President	NNP
.	.
Section	NN
1	CD
.	.
Committees	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
established	VBN
,	,
terminated	VBN
,	,
or	CC
changed	VBN
in	IN
status	NN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
except	IN
as	IN
otherwise	RB
provided	VBN
in	IN
these	DT
Bylaws	NNS
.	.
Committees	NNS
may	MD
make	VB
and	CC
submit	VB
recommendations	NNS
,	,
but	CC
shall	MD
not	RB
have	VB
any	DT
directive	NN
powers	NNS
.	.
Section	NN
3	CD
.	.
Task	NNP
Forces	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
identified	VBN
on	IN
an	DT
annual	JJ
basis	NN
and	CC
driven	VBN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
content	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
dissolved	VBN
when	WRB
their	PRP$
mission	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
accomplished	VBN
.	.
The	DT
President	NNP
or	CC
President-elect	NN
will	MD
appoint	VB
the	DT
chair	NN
and	CC
members	NNS
to	TO
task	NN
forces	NNS
.	.
The	DT
size	NN
of	IN
each	DT
task	NN
force	NN
will	MD
vary	VB
depending	VBG
on	IN
its	PRP$
mission	NN
.	.
Meet	VB
at	IN
the	DT
call	NN
of	IN
the	DT
President	NNP
,	,
or	CC
of	IN
the	DT
Secretary-Treasurer	NNP
,	,
upon	IN
request	NN
by	IN
a	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
committee	NN
,	,
to	TO
review	VB
emergency	NN
financial	JJ
matters	NNS
affecting	VBG
NACE	NNP
.	.
Any	DT
formal	JJ
motion	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Finance	NNP
and	CC
Audit	NNP
Committee	NNP
may	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
without	IN
a	DT
formal	JJ
meeting	NN
,	,
if	IN
consents	NNS
in	IN
writing	VBG
setting	VBG
forth	RP
the	DT
action	NN
so	RB
taken	VBN
are	VBP
approved	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
majority	NN
of	IN
the	DT
voting	NN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
committee	NN
and	CC
filed	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
Secretary-Treasurer	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Leadership	NNP
Strategy	NNP
and	CC
Sourcing	NNP
Committee	NNP
shall	MD
implement	VB
the	DT
nominations	NNS
and	CC
elections	NNS
procedures	NNS
as	IN
spelled	VBN
out	RP
in	IN
Article	NNP
XIII	NNP
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
provide	VB
structure	NN
and	CC
processes	VBZ
to	TO
source	NN
leaders	NNS
,	,
identify	VB
leadership	NN
competencies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
train	NN
members	NNS
for	IN
leadership	NN
roles	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Leadership	NNP
Strategy	NNP
and	CC
Sourcing	NNP
Committee	NNP
will	MD
deliver	VB
ongoing	JJ
communications	NNS
with	IN
members	NNS
regarding	VBG
leadership	NN
information	NN
and	CC
opportunities	NNS
.	.
Section	NN
9	CD
.	.
Honors	NNS
and	CC
Recognition	NNP
Committee	NNP
:	:
The	NNP
President	NNP
shall	MD
appoint	VB
the	DT
Honors	NNS
and	CC
Recognition	NNP
Committee	NNP
which	WDT
shall	MD
consist	VB
of	IN
a	DT
chair	NN
and	CC
six	CD
other	JJ
individuals	NNS
at	IN
least	JJS
one	CD
of	IN
whom	WP
is	VBZ
presently	RB
serving	VBG
as	IN
a	DT
Director	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Honors	NNP
and	CC
Recognition	NNP
Committee	NNP
shall	MD
work	VB
to	TO
increase	VB
the	DT
recognition	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
by	IN
serving	VBG
as	IN
an	DT
umbrella	NN
for	IN
all	DT
NACE	NNP
honors	NNS
and	CC
awards	NNS
,	,
assuring	VBG
consistency	NN
in	IN
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
giving	VBG
awards	NNS
and	CC
determining	VBG
when	WRB
an	DT
award	NN
should	MD
be	VB
created	VBN
or	CC
eliminated	VBN
,	,
and	CC
carry	VB
out	RP
such	JJ
other	JJ
charges	NNS
as	IN
may	MD
be	VB
assigned	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
President	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Executive	NNP
Committee	NNP
.	.
Section	NN
1	CD
.	.
Written	VBN
notice	NN
of	IN
all	DT
meetings	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
to	TO
all	DT
Board	NNP
members	NNS
at	IN
least	JJS
thirty	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
30	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
date	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
.	.
The	DT
notice	NN
must	MD
specify	VB
the	DT
general	JJ
business	NN
to	TO
be	VB
transacted	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
may	MD
,	,
by	IN
a	DT
vote	NN
of	IN
two-thirds	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
2\/3	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
voting	NN
Board	NNP
members	NNS
present	RB
,	,
consent	NN
to	TO
transact	VB
other	JJ
business	NN
not	RB
specified	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
notice	NN
.	.
Section	NN
2	CD
.	.
Notices	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
delivered	VBN
personally	RB
,	,
telegraphed	VBD
,	,
faxed	VBD
,	,
or	CC
mailed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
,	,
as	IN
the	DT
case	NN
may	MD
be	VB
,	,
at	IN
their	PRP$
addresses	NNS
appearing	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
books	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
.	.
Notice	NNP
by	IN
fax	NN
,	,
mail	NN
,	,
or	CC
telegraph	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
deemed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
given	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
when	WRB
same	JJ
shall	MD
be	VB
deposited	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
postal	JJ
authorities	NNS
or	CC
the	DT
telegraph	NN
office	NN
for	IN
transmission	NN
,	,
or	CC
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
faxed	VBN
or	CC
from	IN
NACE	NNP
headquarters	NN
.	.
Section	NN
3	CD
.	.
Whenever	NNP
any	DT
notice	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
given	VBN
under	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
these	DT
bylaws	NNS
,	,
a	DT
waiver	NN
thereof	RB
,	,
in	IN
writing	NN
,	,
signed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
person	NN
or	CC
persons	NNS
entitled	VBN
to	TO
such	JJ
notice	NN
,	,
whether	IN
before	IN
or	CC
after	IN
the	DT
time	NN
stated	VBD
therein	RB
,	,
shall	MD
be	VB
deemed	VBN
equivalent	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
giving	VBG
of	IN
such	JJ
notice	NN
.	.
Section	NN
4	CD
.	.
Attendance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
shall	MD
constitute	VB
a	DT
waiver	NN
of	IN
notice	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
meeting	NN
except	IN
where	WRB
said	VBD
member	NN
attends	VBZ
a	DT
meeting	NN
for	IN
the	DT
express	JJ
purpose	NN
of	IN
objecting	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
transaction	NN
of	IN
any	DT
business	NN
because	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
lawfully	RB
called	VBN
or	CC
convened	VBN
.	.
Section	NN
1	CD
.	.
An	DT
annual	JJ
audit	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
performed	VBN
as	RB
soon	RB
after	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fiscal	JJ
year	NN
as	IN
is	VBZ
practicable	JJ
.	.
The	DT
auditor	NN
's	POS
report	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Secretary-Treasurer	NNP
,	,
who	WP
shall	MD
cause	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
distributed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
.	.
The	DT
audit	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
contracted	VBN
for	IN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
and	CC
shall	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
by	IN
competent	JJ
specialists	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
independent	JJ
of	IN
any	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
activity	NN
.	.
Section	NN
2	CD
.	.
A	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
complaint	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
served	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
member	NN
complained	VBD
of	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
thirty	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
30	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
meeting	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
such	JJ
member	NN
shall	MD
have	VB
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
submit	VB
a	DT
written	VBN
defense	NN
and	CC
to	TO
appear	VB
in	IN
person	NN
and\/or	CC
with	IN
counsel	NN
and	CC
be	VB
heard	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
Board	NNP
meeting	NN
and	CC
such	JJ
complaint	NN
shall	MD
then	RB
be	VB
investigated	VBN
.	.
In	IN
case	NN
it	PRP
shall	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
by	IN
two-thirds	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
2\/3	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
vote	NN
of	IN
the	DT
entire	JJ
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
charges	NNS
against	IN
the	DT
member	NN
under	IN
investigation	NN
are	VBP
sustained	VBN
and	CC
warrant	NN
censure	NN
,	,
suspension	NN
,	,
expulsion	NN
,	,
or	CC
fine	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
officer	NN
,	,
Director	NNP
,	,
or	CC
member	NN
,	,
a	DT
resolution	NN
to	TO
that	DT
effect	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
passed	VBN
and	CC
executed	VBN
and	CC
such	JJ
action	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
final	JJ
.	.
Section	NN
4	CD
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
hearing	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
held	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
on	IN
this	DT
matter	NN
,	,
the	DT
member	NN
or	CC
individual	JJ
charged	VBN
will	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
thirty	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
30	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
notice	NN
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
,	,
date	NN
,	,
and	CC
location	NN
of	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
he\/she	NN
can	MD
appear	VB
and	CC
be	VB
heard	VBN
.	.
Section	NN
1	CD
.	.
All	DT
checks	NNS
or	CC
demands	NNS
for	IN
money	NN
and	CC
notes	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
signed	VBN
by	IN
such	JJ
officer	NN
or	CC
officers	NNS
or	CC
such	JJ
other	JJ
person	NN
or	CC
persons	NNS
as	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
may	MD
from	IN
time	NN
to	TO
time	NN
designate	JJ
.	.
Section	NN
1	CD
.	.
These	DT
bylaws	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
amended	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
by	IN
a	DT
vote	NN
of	IN
two-thirds	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
2\/3	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
voting	NN
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
in	IN
office	NN
,	,
provided	VBD
the	DT
proposed	VBN
amendment	NN
shall	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
mailed	VBN
,	,
telegraphed	VBN
,	,
or	CC
faxed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
members	NNS
at	IN
least	JJS
thirty	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
30	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
days	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
date	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
action	NN
on	IN
such	JJ
amendment	NN
or	CC
amendments	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
taken	VBN
.	.
Liability	NNP
Act	NNP
42	CD
Pa.	NNP
8363	CD
related	VBN
to	TO
standard	NN
of	IN
care	NN
and	CC
justifiable	JJ
reliance	NN
;	:
and	CC
the	DT
breach	NN
or	CC
failure	NN
to	TO
perform	VB
constitutes	VBZ
self	NN
dealing	NN
,	,
willful	JJ
misconduct	NN
,	,
or	CC
recklessness	NN
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
this	DT
limitation	NN
of	IN
liability	NN
will	MD
not	RB
extend	VB
to	TO
criminal	JJ
or	CC
tax	NN
liability	NN
of	IN
a	DT
Director	NNP
or	CC
officer	NN
.	.
Section	NN
2	CD
.	.
Indemnification	NN
:	:
The	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
shall	MD
indemnify	VB
any	DT
person	NN
who	WP
was	VBD
or	CC
is	VBZ
a	DT
party	NN
or	CC
is	VBZ
threatened	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
made	VBN
a	DT
party	NN
to	TO
any	DT
threatened	VBN
,	,
pending	VBG
,	,
or	CC
completed	VBN
action	NN
,	,
suit	NN
,	,
or	CC
proceeding	NN
,	,
including	VBG
actions	NNS
by	IN
or	CC
in	IN
the	DT
right	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Corporation	NNP
,	,
whether	IN
civil	JJ
,	,
criminal	JJ
,	,
administrative	JJ
,	,
or	CC
investigative	JJ
,	,
by	IN
reason	NN
of	IN
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
such	JJ
person	NN
is	VBZ
or	CC
was	VBD
a	DT
Director	NNP
or	CC
officer	NN
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
,	,
or	CC
is	VBZ
or	CC
was	VBD
serving	VBG
while	IN
a	DT
Director	NNP
or	CC
officer	NN
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
request	NN
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
as	IN
an	DT
officer	NN
,	,
employee	NN
,	,
agent	NN
,	,
fiduciary	JJ
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
representative	NN
of	IN
another	DT
corporation	NN
,	,
partnership	NN
,	,
joint	JJ
venture	NN
,	,
trust	NN
,	,
employee	NN
benefit	NN
plan	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
enterprise	NN
,	,
against	IN
expenses	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
including	VBG
attorneys	NNS
'	POS
fees	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
judgments	NNS
,	,
fines	NNS
,	,
excise	JJ
taxes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
amounts	VBZ
paid	VBN
in	IN
settlement	NN
actually	RB
and	CC
reasonably	RB
incurred	VBN
by	IN
such	JJ
person	NN
in	IN
connection	NN
with	IN
such	JJ
action	NN
,	,
suit	NN
,	,
or	CC
proceeding	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
full	JJ
extent	NN
permissible	NN
under	IN
Pennsylvania	NNP
law	NN
.	.
Section	NN
3	CD
.	.
Advancement	NNP
of	IN
Expenses	NNS
:	:
Reasonable	JJ
expenses	NNS
incurred	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
officer	NN
or	CC
Director	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNS
in	IN
defending	VBG
a	DT
civil	JJ
or	CC
criminal	JJ
action	NN
,	,
suit	NN
,	,
or	CC
proceeding	VBG
described	VBN
in	IN
Section	NN
2	CD
shall	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
final	JJ
disposition	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
action	NN
,	,
suit	NN
,	,
or	CC
proceeding	NN
upon	IN
receipt	NN
of	IN
an	DT
undertaking	NN
by	IN
or	CC
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
person	NN
to	TO
repay	VB
such	JJ
amount	NN
,	,
if	IN
it	PRP
shall	MD
ultimately	RB
be	VB
determined	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
person	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
entitled	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
indemnified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
.	.
Section	NN
4	CD
.	.
Other	JJ
Rights	NNPS
:	:
The	DT
indemnification	NN
and	CC
advancement	NN
of	IN
expenses	NNS
provided	VBN
by	IN
or	CC
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
this	DT
Article	NN
shall	MD
not	RB
be	VB
deemed	VBN
exclusive	JJ
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
rights	NNS
to	TO
which	WDT
those	DT
seeking	VBG
indemnification	NN
or	CC
advancement	NN
of	IN
expenses	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
entitled	VBN
under	IN
any	DT
insurance	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
agreement	NN
,	,
vote	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
or	CC
otherwise	RB
,	,
both	DT
as	IN
to	TO
actions	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
official	JJ
capacity	NN
and	CC
as	IN
to	TO
actions	NNS
in	IN
another	DT
capacity	NN
while	IN
holding	VBG
an	DT
office	NN
,	,
and	CC
shall	MD
continue	VB
as	IN
to	TO
a	DT
person	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
ceased	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
Director	NNP
or	CC
officer	NN
and	CC
shall	MD
inure	VB
to	TO
the	DT
benefit	NN
of	IN
the	DT
heirs	NNS
,	,
executors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
administrators	NNS
of	IN
such	JJ
person	NN
.	.
Colleges	NNS
and	CC
Employers	NNS
shall	MD
have	VB
the	DT
power	NN
to	TO
purchase	VB
and	CC
maintain	VB
insurance	NN
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
any	DT
person	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
or	CC
was	VBD
a	DT
Director	NNP
or	CC
officer	NN
,	,
employee	NN
,	,
or	CC
agent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
,	,
or	CC
is	VBZ
or	CC
was	VBD
serving	VBG
at	IN
the	DT
request	NN
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
Director	NNP
,	,
officer	NN
,	,
employee	NN
,	,
or	CC
agent	NN
of	IN
another	DT
corporation	NN
,	,
partnership	NN
,	,
joint	JJ
venture	NN
,	,
trust	NN
,	,
employee	NN
benefit	NN
plan	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
enterprise	NN
,	,
against	IN
any	DT
liability	NN
asserted	VBD
against	IN
him\/her	NN
and	CC
incurred	VBN
by	IN
him\/her	NN
in	IN
any	DT
such	JJ
capacity	NN
,	,
or	CC
arising	VBG
out	IN
of	IN
his\/her	NN
status	NN
as	IN
such	JJ
,	,
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
would	MD
have	VB
the	DT
power	NN
to	TO
indemnify	VB
him\/her	NN
against	IN
such	JJ
liability	NN
under	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
of	IN
these	DT
bylaws	NNS
.	.
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
notwithstanding	IN
their	PRP$
interest	NN
in	IN
the	DT
transaction	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
may	MD
create	VB
and	CC
fund	VB
a	DT
trust	NN
fund	NN
or	CC
fund	NN
of	IN
any	DT
nature	NN
,	,
and	CC
may	MD
enter	VB
into	IN
agreements	NNS
with	IN
its	PRP$
officers	NNS
and	CC
Directors	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
securing	VBG
or	CC
insuring	VBG
in	IN
any	DT
manner	NN
its	PRP$
obligation	NN
to	TO
indemnify	VB
or	CC
advance	VB
expenses	NNS
provided	VBN
for	IN
in	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
.	.
Section	NN
7	CD
.	.
Modification	NN
:	:
The	DT
duties	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
to	TO
indemnify	VB
and	CC
to	TO
advance	NN
expenses	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
Director	NNP
or	CC
officer	NN
provided	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
Article	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
in	IN
the	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
a	DT
contract	NN
between	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
and	CC
each	DT
such	JJ
Director	NNP
or	CC
officer	NN
,	,
and	CC
no	DT
amendment	NN
or	CC
termination	NN
of	IN
any	DT
trust	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
fund	NN
created	VBN
pursuant	JJ
to	TO
Section	NNP
6	CD
,	,
shall	MD
alter	VB
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
detriment	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
Director	NNP
or	CC
officer	NN
,	,
the	DT
right	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
person	NN
to	TO
the	DT
advance	NN
of	IN
expenses	NNS
or	CC
indemnification	NN
related	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
claim	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
an	DT
act	NN
or	CC
failure	NN
to	TO
act	VB
which	WDT
took	VBD
place	NN
prior	RB
to	TO
such	JJ
amendment	NN
,	,
repeal	NN
,	,
or	CC
termination	NN
.	.
Section	NN
1	CD
.	.
Cooperative	NNP
relationships	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
established	VBN
with	IN
other	JJ
non-profit	JJ
organizations	NNS
whose	WP$
purposes	NNS
are	VBP
complementary	JJ
to	TO
,	,
consonant	JJ
with	IN
,	,
and	CC
supportive	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
mission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
The	NNP
NACE	NNP
Operations	NNP
Manual	NNP
shall	MD
provide	VB
specific	JJ
guidelines	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
review	NN
and	CC
determination	NN
of	IN
cooperative	JJ
relationships	NNS
.	.
All	DT
such	JJ
proposed	VBN
relationships	NNS
shall	MD
be	VB
reviewed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Executive	NNP
Committee	NNP
,	,
at	IN
minimum	NN
,	,
and	CC
will	MD
follow	VB
current	JJ
Operations	NNP
Manual	NNP
guidelines	NNS
.	.
A.	NN
You	PRP
'll	MD
save	VB
between	IN
$	$
175	CD
to	TO
$	$
320	CD
on	IN
your	PRP$
registration	NN
as	IN
compared	VBN
to	TO
nonmembers	NNS
.	.
Another	DT
way	NN
to	TO
save	VB
is	VBZ
to	TO
register	VB
while	IN
the	DT
early	JJ
bird	NN
rate	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
effect	NN
.	.
The	DT
earlier	JJR
you	PRP
register	VBP
for	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
,	,
the	DT
more	JJR
you	PRP
save	VBP
.	.
A.	NN
The	NNP
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
is	VBZ
recognized	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Certified	NNP
Counselors	NNPS
as	IN
qualified	VBN
to	TO
offer	VB
Continuing	NNP
Education	NNP
Units	NNP
for	IN
National	NNP
Certified	NNP
Counselors	NNPS
.	.
Some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
presentations	NNS
and	CC
workshops	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
for	IN
recertification	NN
credits	NNS
.	.
Check	VB
at	IN
the	DT
registration	NN
desk	NN
for	IN
details	NNS
and	CC
forms	NNS
.	.
If	IN
networking	NN
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
your	PRP$
professional	JJ
development	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
to	TO
most	JJS
of	IN
us	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
why	WRB
limit	NN
yourself	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
people	NNS
you	PRP
happen	VB
to	TO
meet	VB
in	IN
the	DT
halls	NNS
during	IN
the	DT
2006	CD
National	NNP
Meeting	VBG
in	IN
Anaheim	NNP
,	,
California	NNP
?	.
Now	RB
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
get	VB
to	TO
know	VB
other	JJ
National	NNP
Meeting	VBG
attendees	NNS
before	IN
the	DT
conference	NN
and	CC
make	VB
arrangements	NNS
to	TO
talk	VB
face-to-face	JJ
using	VBG
a	DT
special	JJ
software	NN
program	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
helped	VBN
other	JJ
national	JJ
associations	NNS
successfully	RB
enable	VBP
and	CC
facilitate	VBP
professional-to-professional	JJ
conference	NN
networking	NN
.	.
Foundation	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
foster	VB
leading-edge	JJ
research	NN
and	CC
educational	JJ
activities	NNS
that	WDT
advance	VBP
the	DT
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
development	NN
and	CC
employment	NN
decisions	NNS
of	IN
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
To	TO
that	DT
end	NN
,	,
the	DT
Foundation	NNP
has	VBZ
earned	VBN
a	DT
notable	JJ
reputation	NN
for	IN
publishing	NN
specialized	VBN
research	NN
in	IN
these	DT
areas	NNS
and	CC
for	IN
fostering	VBG
educational	JJ
training	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
college	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
,	,
human	JJ
resources	NNS
professionals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
graduating	VBG
college	NN
students	NNS
.	.
Behavior-based	JJ
interviewing	VBG
-LRB-	-LRB-
BBI	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
the	DT
most	RBS
respected	JJ
interviewing	VBG
technique	NN
available	JJ
today	NN
:	:
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
most	JJS
Fortune	NNP
500	CD
companies	NNS
use	VBP
this	DT
tool	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
a	DT
candidates	NNS
future	JJ
behavior	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
recent	JJ
,	,
relevant	JJ
past	JJ
behavior	NN
.	.
Join	VB
this	DT
lively	JJ
session	NN
and	CC
learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
use	VB
BBI	NNP
to	TO
uncover	VB
a	DT
candidate	NN
's	POS
potential	JJ
and	CC
pitfalls	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
'll	MD
also	RB
learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
develop	VB
effective	JJ
interview	NN
questions	NNS
and	CC
evaluate	VB
candidates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
review	VB
legal	JJ
considerations	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
recruiting	VBG
and	CC
hiring	VBG
.	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
stand	VB
out	RP
from	IN
the	DT
herd	NN
,	,
get	VB
better	JJR
results	NNS
,	,
and	CC
wrangle	VB
more	JJR
prospects	NNS
your	PRP$
way	NN
.	.
This	DT
workshop	NN
is	VBZ
packed	VBN
with	IN
creative	JJ
ideas	NNS
and	CC
tangible	JJ
tools	NNS
you	PRP
can	MD
use	VB
right	RB
away	RB
to	TO
make	VB
your	PRP$
marketing	NN
more	RBR
effective	JJ
and	CC
memorable	JJ
.	.
Career	NNP
center	NN
and	CC
corporate	JJ
trainers	NNS
alike	RB
will	MD
find	VB
the	DT
material	NN
in	IN
this	DT
preconference	NN
program	NN
extremely	RB
useful	JJ
for	IN
all	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
diversity	NN
training	NN
needs	NNS
.	.
Participants	NNS
will	MD
learn	VB
about	IN
simulation	NN
gaming	NN
as	IN
a	DT
powerful	JJ
training	NN
technique	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
use	VB
simulations	NNS
in	IN
diversity	NN
training	NN
.	.
Simulations	NNS
are	VBP
a	DT
powerful	JJ
diversity	NN
training	NN
technique	NN
approximating	VBG
real-life	JJ
situations	NNS
,	,
eliciting	VBG
real	JJ
emotions	NNS
and	CC
responses	NNS
,	,
within	IN
the	DT
safety	NN
of	IN
a	DT
training	NN
exercise	NN
.	.
This	DT
dynamic	JJ
mix	NN
of	IN
reality	NN
and	CC
safety	NN
create	VBP
a	DT
learning	NN
experience	NN
that	WDT
promotes	VBZ
immediate	JJ
personal	JJ
and	CC
professional	JJ
growth	NN
.	.
Participants	NNS
will	MD
also	RB
learn	VB
about	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
balance	VB
``	``
training	NN
intensity	NN
factors	NNS
''	''
against	IN
trainee	NN
readiness	NN
,	,
so	RB
as	IN
to	TO
maximize	VB
the	DT
effectiveness	NN
of	IN
one	CD
's	POS
use	NN
of	IN
a	DT
simulation	NN
game	NN
and	CC
minimize	VB
trainee	NN
risk	NN
.	.
Learning	NNP
sessions	NNS
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
deepen	VB
your	PRP$
knowledge	NN
in	IN
many	JJ
areas	NNS
or	CC
build	VB
your	PRP$
skills	NNS
in	IN
one	CD
!	.
Choose	VB
sessions	NNS
individually	RB
or	CC
by	IN
selecting	VBG
any	DT
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
topic	NN
areas	NNS
listed	VBN
below	RB
.	.
Each	DT
session	NN
in	IN
a	DT
topic	NN
area	NN
covers	VBZ
a	DT
different	JJ
skill	NN
or	CC
emphasis	NN
area	NN
.	.
National	NNP
Meeting	VBG
by	IN
setting	VBG
a	DT
schedule	NN
in	IN
advance	NN
.	.
Attendees	NNS
can	MD
choose	VB
among	IN
eight	CD
tracks	NNS
of	IN
concurrent	JJ
sessions	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
track	NN
contains	VBZ
sessions	NNS
geared	VBN
to	TO
college	NN
or	CC
employer	NN
professionals	NNS
;	:
some	DT
sessions	NNS
will	MD
appeal	VB
to	TO
both	DT
groups	NNS
.	.
HR\/staffing	VBG
and	CC
college	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
reserves	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
eligibility	NN
of	IN
any	DT
company	NN
,	,
product	NN
,	,
or	CC
service	NN
and	CC
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
restrict	VB
,	,
prohibit	VB
,	,
or	CC
evict	VB
any	DT
exhibitor	NN
or	CC
product	NN
which	WDT
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
opinion	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
,	,
detracts	VBZ
from	IN
the	DT
character	NN
of	IN
the	DT
exposition	NN
or	CC
for	IN
any	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
Terms	NNS
and	CC
Conditions	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
event	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
restriction	NN
or	CC
eviction	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
liable	JJ
for	IN
refunding	VBG
exhibit	NN
fees	NNS
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
cost	NN
incurred	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
exhibitor	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
will	MD
not	RB
accept	VB
advertising	NN
for	IN
tobacco	NN
,	,
alcohol	NN
,	,
drugs	NNS
,	,
or	CC
firearms	NNS
and\/or	CC
products\/services	NNS
that	WDT
promote	VBP
nudity	NN
,	,
pornography	NN
.	.
Products	NNPS
and	CC
services	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
exhibit	NN
hall	NN
must	MD
be	VB
useful	JJ
to	TO
college	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
and	CC
college	NN
recruiting	NN
professionals	NNS
.	.
A	DT
company	NN
's	POS
participation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
exposition	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
reflect	VB
a	DT
product	NN
endorsement	NN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
The	DT
exhibitor	NN
may	MD
not	RB
make	VB
any	DT
statements	NNS
in	IN
print	NN
,	,
orally	RB
or	CC
electronically	RB
that	IN
state	NN
or	CC
imply	VB
such	JJ
endorsement	NN
.	.
Booth	NN
Requirements	NNS
.	.
Exhibitors	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
observe	VB
the	DT
following	VBG
height	NN
guidelines	NNS
:	:
booths	NNS
consisting	VBG
of	IN
10	CD
'	''
x	SYM
10	CD
'	''
inline	JJ
or	CC
corner	NN
space	NN
must	MD
not	RB
exceed	VB
a	DT
height	NN
of	IN
8	CD
feet	NNS
.	.
Exceptions	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
granted	VBN
where	WRB
the	DT
booth	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
located	VBN
along	IN
perimeter	NN
walls	NNS
.	.
Exhibitors	NNS
in	IN
Island	NNP
booths	NNS
may	MD
display	VB
to	TO
a	DT
height	NN
of	IN
12	CD
feet	NNS
.	.
No	DT
walls	NNS
,	,
partitions	NNS
,	,
paintings	NNS
,	,
decorations	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
obstructions	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
erected	VBN
which	WDT
will	MD
in	IN
any	DT
way	NN
interfere	VB
with	IN
the	DT
view	NN
of	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
exhibitor	NN
.	.
Exhibitors	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
submit	VB
their	PRP$
plan	NN
in	IN
advance	NN
for	IN
approval	NN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
if	IN
such	JJ
plans	NNS
include	VBP
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
unusual	JJ
effects	NNS
or	CC
methods	NNS
of	IN
production	NN
presentation	NN
.	.
Exhibitors	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
their	PRP$
displays	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
have	VB
a	DT
negative	JJ
impact	NN
on	IN
the	DT
show	NN
environment	NN
through	IN
excessive	JJ
noise	NN
,	,
heat	NN
,	,
light	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
Food	NNP
and	CC
Beverages	NNPS
must	MD
be	VB
purchased	VBN
from	IN
Anaheim	NNP
Marriott	NNP
,	,
unless	IN
incident	NN
to	TO
the	DT
exhibitor	NN
's	POS
product	NN
line	NN
with	IN
written	VBN
approval	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Anaheim	NNP
Marriott	NNP
.	.
IMPORTANT	NNP
:	:
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
room	NN
service	NN
from	IN
the	DT
conference	NN
hotel	NN
to	TO
the	DT
exhibit	NN
hall	NN
.	.
All	DT
arrangements	NNS
for	IN
food	NN
and	CC
beverage	NN
for	IN
special	JJ
needs	NNS
over	IN
and	CC
above	IN
the	DT
planned	VBN
functions	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
Catering	NNP
Department	NNP
by	IN
April	NNP
7	CD
,	,
2006	CD
.	.
The	DT
Proposal	NNP
Review	NNP
Team	NNP
encourages	VBZ
proposals	NNS
from	IN
different	JJ
companies	NNS
and	CC
organizations	NNS
representing	VBG
diverse	JJ
points	NNS
of	IN
view	NN
.	.
The	DT
team	NN
requests	NNS
that	WDT
individuals	NNS
limit	VBP
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
proposals	NNS
submitted	VBN
to	TO
two	CD
.	.
Any	DT
speaker	NN
substitutions	NNS
,	,
deletions	NNS
,	,
or	CC
additions	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Education	NNP
Department	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Education	NNP
Department	NNP
reserves	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
edit	VB
accepted	VBN
presentations	NNS
for	IN
publication	NN
on	IN
the	DT
web	NN
site	NN
and	CC
in	IN
the	DT
Conference	NNP
Program	NNP
Guide	NNP
.	.
NACE	NNP
Conference	NNP
programs	NNS
are	VBP
noncommercial	JJ
.	.
Individuals	NNS
should	MD
refrain	VB
from	IN
using	VBG
brand	NN
names	NNS
and	CC
endorsing	VBG
specific	JJ
products	NNS
.	.
Under	IN
no	DT
circumstances	NNS
should	MD
an	DT
association	NN
podium	NN
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
place	NN
for	IN
direct	JJ
promotion	NN
of	IN
a	DT
speaker	NN
's	POS
product	NN
,	,
service	NN
,	,
or	CC
monetary	JJ
self-interest	NN
.	.
Presenters	NNS
also	RB
must	MD
refrain	VB
from	IN
overt	JJ
statements	NNS
,	,
harsh	JJ
language	NN
,	,
or	CC
pointed	VBD
humor	NN
that	IN
disparages	VBZ
the	DT
rightful	JJ
dignity	NN
and	CC
social	JJ
equity	NN
of	IN
any	DT
individual	JJ
or	CC
group	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
nonprofit	JJ
educational	JJ
association	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
provide	VB
honoraria	NN
for	IN
presentations	NNS
given	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Meeting	VBG
.	.
Presenters	NNS
must	MD
cover	VB
all	DT
of	IN
their	PRP$
individual	JJ
travel	NN
and	CC
living	NN
expenses	NNS
.	.
One	CD
speaker	NN
per	IN
concurrent	JJ
session	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
full	JJ
complimentary	JJ
registration	NN
.	.
Known	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
emotional	JJ
and	CC
dynamic	JJ
speaker	NN
,	,
Peters	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
called	VBN
a	DT
gadfly	RB
,	,
curmudgeon	NN
,	,
and	CC
professional	JJ
loudmouth	NN
.	.
He	PRP
dares	VBZ
audiences	NNS
to	TO
break	VB
workplace	JJ
rules	NNS
,	,
leap	NN
organizational	JJ
barriers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
revolt	NN
against	IN
bureaucracy	NN
.	.
He	PRP
advocates	VBZ
``	``
breaking	VBG
the	DT
mold	NN
''	''
to	TO
become	VB
a	DT
leader	NN
.	.
Peters	NNP
advocates	VBZ
passion	NN
and	CC
enthusiasm	NN
in	IN
the	DT
workplace	NN
to	TO
replace	VB
apathy	NN
and	CC
whining	NN
.	.
Ph.D.	NNP
from	IN
Stanford	NNP
in	IN
decision	NN
science	NN
and	CC
organizational	JJ
behavior	NN
.	.
Peters	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
Fellow	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Academy	NNP
of	IN
Management	NNP
,	,
The	DT
World	NNP
Productivity	NNP
Association	NNP
,	,
the	DT
International	NNP
Customer	NN
Service	NNP
Association	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Society	NNP
for	IN
Quality	NNP
and	CC
Participation	NNP
.	.
Steve	NNP
Uzzell	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
top	JJ
advertising	NN
and	CC
corporate	JJ
photographer	NN
who	WP
started	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
photography	NN
business	NN
31	CD
years	NNS
ago	RB
as	IN
the	DT
assistant	NN
to	TO
the	DT
editor	NN
of	IN
National	NNP
Geographic	NNP
and	CC
a	DT
member	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
photographic	JJ
staff	NN
.	.
He	PRP
now	RB
shoots	VBZ
for	IN
a	DT
roster	NN
of	IN
clients	NNS
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
airlines	NNS
,	,
automobile	NN
manufacturers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
travel	NN
,	,
shelter	NN
,	,
and	CC
fashion	NN
magazines	NNS
.	.
His	PRP$
work	NN
has	VBZ
garnered	VBN
international	JJ
acclaim	NN
and	CC
won	VBD
numerous	JJ
awards	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
10	CD
from	IN
Communication	NNP
Arts	NNS
.	.
Along	IN
the	DT
way	NN
he	PRP
has	VBZ
photographed	VBN
two	CD
books	NNS
,	,
Maryland	NNP
and	CC
The	DT
View	NNP
From	IN
Sterling	NNP
Bluff	NNP
,	,
and	CC
had	VBD
editorial	NN
work	NN
published	VBN
in	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
50	CD
publications	NNS
.	.
Posner	NNP
is	VBZ
Dean	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Leavey	NNP
School	NNP
of	IN
Business	NNP
at	IN
Santa	NNP
Clara	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
located	VBN
in	IN
Silicon	NNP
Valley	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
received	VBD
his	PRP$
Ph.D.	NNP
in	IN
organizational	JJ
behavior	NN
and	CC
administrative	JJ
theory	NN
from	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Massachusetts	NNP
,	,
Amherst	NNP
.	.
Some	DT
years	NNS
ago	RB
,	,
Lalita	NNP
Tademy	NNP
found	VBD
herself	PRP
holding	VBG
the	DT
Bill	NNP
of	IN
Sale	NNP
for	IN
her	PRP$
great-great-great-great	NN
grandmother	NN
Elisabeth	NNP
.	.
The	DT
receipt	NN
for	IN
$	$
800	CD
turned	VBN
Tademy	NNP
's	POS
``	``
obsession	NN
''	''
with	IN
old	JJ
records	NNS
and	CC
research	NN
trips	NNS
to	TO
explore	VB
her	PRP$
family	NN
's	POS
roots	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
little	JJ
farming	NN
community	NN
in	IN
Louisiana	NNP
into	IN
something	NN
more	RBR
personal	JJ
.	.
Cane	NNP
River	NNP
,	,
published	VBN
in	IN
2001	CD
and	CC
an	DT
Oprah	NNP
Book	NNP
Club	NNP
Selection	NNP
,	,
covers	VBZ
137	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
Tademy	NNP
's	POS
family	NN
history	NN
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
author	NN
says	VBZ
the	DT
book	NN
is	VBZ
fiction	NN
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
roots	NNS
lay	VBD
in	IN
Tademy	NNP
's	POS
family	NN
research	NN
and	CC
in	IN
historical	JJ
fact	NN
,	,
and	CC
traces	NNS
the	DT
stories	NNS
of	IN
real	JJ
women	NNS
who	WP
struggled	VBD
to	TO
keep	VB
their	PRP$
families	NNS
together	RB
in	IN
spite	NN
of	IN
slavery	NN
,	,
racism	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
culture	NN
of	IN
the	DT
plantation	NN
.	.
With	IN
no	DT
time	NN
limit	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
chapters	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
quick	JJ
assessment	NN
after	IN
each	DT
chapter	NN
,	,
you	PRP
learn	VBP
the	DT
material	NN
at	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
pace	NN
.	.
And	CC
once	RB
you	PRP
have	VBP
completed	VBN
the	DT
self-study	JJ
guide	NN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
ready	JJ
to	TO
apply	VB
your	PRP$
knowledge	NN
within	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
.	.
With	IN
no	DT
time	NN
limit	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
sessions	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
quick	JJ
assessment	NN
after	IN
each	DT
section	NN
,	,
you	PRP
learn	VBP
the	DT
material	NN
at	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
pace	NN
.	.
And	CC
once	RB
you	PRP
have	VBP
completed	VBN
the	DT
self-study	JJ
guide	NN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
ready	JJ
to	TO
apply	VB
your	PRP$
knowledge	NN
within	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
.	.
This	DT
workbook	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
for	IN
use	NN
by	IN
managers	NNS
and	CC
supervisors	NNS
involved	VBN
in	IN
mentoring	NN
.	.
Focusing	VBG
on	IN
helping	VBG
mentors	NNS
improve	VB
their	PRP$
mentoring	NN
skills	NNS
,	,
the	DT
workbook	NN
covers	VBZ
five	CD
broad	JJ
topic	NN
areas	NNS
:	:
mentoring	VBG
basics	NNS
,	,
the	DT
mentor	NN
in	IN
the	DT
mentorship	NN
alliance	NN
,	,
the	DT
mentoring	VBG
process	NN
,	,
key	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
mentorship	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
summary	NN
points	NNS
and	CC
tips	NNS
.	.
Published	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
GEM	NNP
Consortium	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
National	NNP
Consortium	NNP
for	IN
Graduate	NNP
Degrees	NNPS
for	IN
Minorities	NNPS
in	IN
Engineering	NNP
and	CC
Science	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
this	DT
resources	NNS
is	VBZ
especially	RB
useful	JJ
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
have	VB
a	DT
formalized	VBN
mentoring	NN
program	NN
to	TO
guide	VB
their	PRP$
efforts	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
training	VBG
new	JJ
recruiters	NNS
or	CC
working	VBG
with	IN
line	NN
managers	NNS
to	TO
interview	VB
new	JJ
hires	NNS
,	,
NACE	NNP
's	POS
Guide	NNP
to	TO
Inteviewing	NNP
College	NNP
Students	NNS
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
convenient	JJ
guide	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
save	VB
you	PRP
hours	NNS
of	IN
training	NN
time	NN
and	CC
help	NN
anyone	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
representing	VBG
your	PRP$
organization	NN
gain	NN
confidence	NN
in	IN
his\/her	NN
interviewing	VBG
skills	NNS
.	.
This	DT
inexpensive	JJ
self-study	JJ
manual	NN
covers	VBZ
all	PDT
the	DT
basics	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
typical	JJ
interviewer	NN
mistakes	NNS
,	,
interview	NN
format	NN
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
and	CC
what	WP
to	TO
ask-plus	JJ
legal	JJ
and	CC
illegal	JJ
questions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
guide	NN
also	RB
offers	VBZ
practical	JJ
exercises	NNS
to	TO
reinforce	VB
guidance	NN
and	CC
an	DT
interviewing	VBG
bibliography	NN
.	.
Returns	NNS
for	IN
other	JJ
resources	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
postmarked	VBN
within	IN
30	CD
days	NNS
from	IN
shipping	NN
date	NN
are	VBP
accepted	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
full	JJ
refund	NN
;	:
returns	NNS
postmarked	VBD
31	CD
to	TO
60	CD
days	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
shipping	NN
date	NN
will	MD
incur	VB
a	DT
50	CD
percent	NN
restocking	VBG
fee	NN
.	.
No	DT
refund	NN
available	JJ
61	CD
days	NNS
after	IN
invoice	NN
date	NN
.	.
NACE	NNP
will	MD
accept	VB
returns	NNS
on	IN
all	DT
products	NNS
except	IN
for	IN
audio	NN
and	CC
video	NN
material	NN
.	.
Audiocassettes	NNS
,	,
CD-ROMs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
videos	NNS
sales	NNS
are	VBP
final	JJ
unless	IN
product	NN
is	VBZ
defective	JJ
.	.
Prepayment	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
.	.
Returns	NNS
for	IN
other	JJ
resources	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
postmarked	VBN
within	IN
30	CD
days	NNS
from	IN
shipping	NN
date	NN
are	VBP
accepted	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
full	JJ
refund	NN
;	:
returns	NNS
postmarked	VBD
31	CD
to	TO
60	CD
days	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
shipping	NN
date	NN
will	MD
incur	VB
a	DT
50	CD
percent	NN
restocking	VBG
fee	NN
.	.
No	DT
refund	NN
available	JJ
61	CD
days	NNS
after	IN
invoice	NN
date	NN
.	.
Each	DT
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Governance	NNP
Task	NNP
Force	NNP
was	VBD
given	VBN
a	DT
specific	JJ
research	NN
assignment	NN
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
participated	VBD
in	IN
several	JJ
conference	NN
calls	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
face-to-face	JJ
meeting	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
prepare	VB
recommendations	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
.	.
Making	VBG
?	.
program	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
starting	VBG
point	NN
for	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
to	TO
help	VB
GLBT	NNP
students	NNS
address	VBP
the	DT
challenges	NNS
they	PRP
face	VBP
as	IN
they	PRP
move	VBP
from	IN
the	DT
supportive	JJ
environment	NN
of	IN
many	JJ
college	NN
campuses	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
uncertainty	NN
of	IN
the	DT
workplace	NN
.	.
Growth	NN
Properties	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
GGP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
a	DT
Chicago-based	JJ
real	JJ
estate	NN
investment	NN
trust	NN
that	WDT
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
acquisition	NN
,	,
development	NN
,	,
management	NN
,	,
and	CC
marketing	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
created	VBD
a	DT
tool	NN
for	IN
future	JJ
professionals	NNS
that	WDT
recognizes	VBZ
demands	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
job	NN
market	NN
require	VBP
college	NN
students	NNS
to	TO
have	VB
hands-on	JJ
work	NN
experience	NN
and	CC
professional	JJ
development	NN
.	.
With	IN
their	PRP$
like	IN
goals	NNS
as	IN
their	PRP$
foundation	NN
,	,
NYU	NNP
Wagner	NNP
and	CC
Idealist.org	NNP
launched	VBD
the	DT
Institute	NNP
on	IN
Public	NNP
Service	NNP
Careers	NNP
,	,
a	DT
two-day	JJ
event	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
held	VBN
in	IN
December	NNP
2004	CD
with	IN
33	CD
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
from	IN
colleges	NNS
across	IN
the	DT
country	NN
attending	VBG
.	.
Harris	NNP
and	CC
her	PRP$
staff	NN
envisioned	VBD
a	DT
web-based	JJ
resume	VB
creation	NN
tool	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
be	VB
easy	JJ
to	TO
use	VB
;	:
accessible	JJ
at	IN
all	DT
times	NNS
;	:
flexible	JJ
enough	JJ
to	TO
address	VB
varied	JJ
majors	NNS
,	,
degrees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
experiences\/activities	NNS
;	:
and	CC
,	,
most	RBS
importantly	RB
,	,
suitable	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
college-level	JJ
population	NN
.	.
To	TO
create	VB
the	DT
system	NN
,	,
they	PRP
collaborated	VBD
with	IN
Optimal	NNP
Resume	NNP
,	,
an	DT
online	NN
resume	VB
service	NN
that	WDT
offers	VBZ
flexible	JJ
resume	VB
development	NN
.	.
Since	IN
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
Optimal	NNP
Resume-College	NNP
Version	NNP
in	IN
July	NNP
2005	CD
,	,
more	JJR
than	IN
10,000	CD
resumes	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
created	VBN
and	CC
uploaded	VBN
by	IN
students	NNS
using	VBG
this	DT
tool	NN
.	.
Harris	NNP
says	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
UCS	NNP
staff	NN
overwhelmingly	RB
agrees	VBZ
that	IN
Optimal	NNP
Resume-College	NNP
Version	NNP
has	VBZ
resulted	VBN
in	IN
far	RB
superior	JJ
resumes	NNS
,	,
taking	VBG
much	RB
less	JJR
time	NN
to	TO
critique	NN
and	CC
correct	JJ
,	,
as	IN
compared	VBN
to	TO
resumes	NNS
submitted	VBN
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Governance	NNP
Task	NNP
Force	NNP
completed	VBD
work	NN
on	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
strategic	JJ
plan	NN
in	IN
January	NNP
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
a	DT
significant	JJ
accomplishment	NN
for	IN
Kathy	NNP
Sims	NNP
.	.
Sims	NNS
was	VBD
on	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
when	WRB
the	DT
new	JJ
governance	NN
structure	NN
was	VBD
proposed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
early	JJ
2000s	CD
and	CC
served	VBD
as	IN
chairperson	NN
of	IN
the	DT
task	NN
force	NN
.	.
Vanessa	NNP
Strauss	NNP
,	,
past-president	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
and	CC
senior	JJ
advisor	NN
to	TO
the	DT
director	NN
and	CC
deputy	NN
director	NN
,	,
division	NN
of	IN
administration	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Federal	NNP
Deposit	NNP
Insurance	NNP
Corporation	NNP
,	,
nominated	VBD
Sims	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Kauffman	NNP
Award	NNP
.	.
Strauss	NNP
appreciates	VBZ
the	DT
depth	NN
of	IN
understanding	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
that	IN
Sims	NNP
brought	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
initiative	NN
.	.
But	CC
many	JJ
of	IN
her	PRP$
interests	NNS
cross	VBP
lines	NNS
with	IN
her	PRP$
career	NN
.	.
For	IN
instance	NN
,	,
her	PRP$
first	JJ
trip	NN
to	TO
the	DT
United	NNP
Kingdom	NNP
was	VBD
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
And	CC
she	PRP
is	VBZ
exploring	VBG
creating	VBG
video	JJ
podcasts	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
delivery	NN
channel	NN
of	IN
career	NN
information	NN
to	TO
her	PRP$
students	NNS
at	IN
UCLA	NNP
.	.
Goodman	NNP
led	VBD
or	CC
collaborated	VBD
with	IN
the	DT
team	NN
of	IN
colleagues	NNS
that	WDT
developed	VBD
white	JJ
papers	NNS
and	CC
policy	NN
statements	NNS
addressing	VBG
and	CC
providing	VBG
guidance	NN
on	IN
significant	JJ
and	CC
challenging	JJ
issues	NNS
surrounding	VBG
college	NN
recruiting	NN
.	.
Topics	NNS
addressed	VBD
include	VBP
guidance	NN
about	IN
the	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
for	IN
faculty	NN
members	NNS
,	,
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
alcohol	NN
in	IN
recruiting	VBG
practices	NNS
,	,
exploding	VBG
offers	NNS
,	,
commercialization	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
interviewing	VBG
with	IN
third-party	JJ
recruiters	NNS
,	,
and	CC
firms	NNS
that	WDT
offer	VBP
third-party	JJ
alumni	NNS
career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Expanding	VBG
their	PRP$
chosen	VBN
career	NN
opportunities	NNS
and	CC
refining	NN
those	DT
industry	NN
research	NN
skills	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Exploring	VBG
and	CC
Evaluating	VBG
Life	NNP
Options	NNPS
:	:
BA	NNP
243	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Other	JJ
academic	JJ
departments	NNS
were	VBD
then	RB
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
similar	JJ
course	NN
specific	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
department\/major	NN
curriculum	NN
.	.
Today	NN
,	,
the	DT
program	NN
has	VBZ
grown	VBN
to	TO
include	VB
more	JJR
than	IN
220	CD
associates	NNS
nationwide	JJ
with	IN
a	DT
more	JJR
than	IN
60	CD
percent	NN
success	NN
rate	NN
in	IN
advancing	VBG
associates	NNS
to	TO
leadership	NN
positions	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
company	NN
,	,
including	VBG
10	CD
company	NN
presidents	NNS
and	CC
30	CD
senior	JJ
operations	NNS
managers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
primary	JJ
audience	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Quest	NNP
web	NN
site	NN
is	VBZ
students	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
undecided	JJ
about	IN
their	PRP$
majors	NNS
or	CC
who	WP
have	VBP
no	DT
idea	NN
where	WRB
their	PRP$
majors	NNS
can	MD
lead	VB
them	PRP
professionally	RB
.	.
The	DT
secondary	JJ
audience	NN
is	VBZ
prospective	JJ
students	NNS
who	WP
want	VBP
to	TO
identify	VB
Ball	NNP
State	NNP
programs	NNS
that	WDT
match	VBP
their	PRP$
interests	NNS
.	.
Users	NNS
can	MD
also	RB
get	VB
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
career	NN
options	NNS
for	IN
specific	JJ
majors	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
also	RB
can	MD
take	VB
a	DT
personality	NN
assessment	NN
similar	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Myers-Briggs	NNP
Type	NNP
Indicator	NNP
,	,
and	CC
find	VB
majors	NNS
and	CC
careers	NNS
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
their	PRP$
personality	NN
types	NNS
.	.
The	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
reports	VBZ
that	IN
having	VBG
a	DT
parallel	JJ
virtual	JJ
form	NN
of	IN
a	DT
live	JJ
presentation	NN
is	VBZ
beneficial	JJ
because	IN
those	DT
who	WP
attended	VBD
can	MD
easily	RB
access	VB
supporting	VBG
materials	NNS
,	,
and	CC
students	NNS
who	WP
missed	VBD
any	DT
presentations	NNS
are	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
access	VB
the	DT
seminars	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
and	CC
Placement	NNP
also	RB
has	VBZ
developed	VBN
an	DT
exercise	NN
to	TO
use	VB
with	IN
the	DT
guide	NN
that	WDT
prompts	VBZ
students	NNS
to	TO
write	VB
about	IN
a	DT
competency-related	JJ
experience	NN
,	,
describing	VBG
the	DT
situation	NN
,	,
their	PRP$
role	NN
and	CC
actions	NNS
,	,
the	DT
outcome	NN
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
they	PRP
learned	VBD
.	.
This	DT
exercise	NN
has	VBZ
proven	VBN
an	DT
effective	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
get	VB
students	NNS
to	TO
connect	VB
their	PRP$
academic	JJ
,	,
co-curricular	JJ
,	,
and	CC
personal	JJ
experiences	NNS
to	TO
marketable	JJ
skills	NNS
.	.
Activities	NNS
included	VBD
a	DT
luncheon	NN
program	NN
for	IN
academic	JJ
advisers	NNS
and	CC
an	DT
evening	NN
presentation	NN
for	IN
university	NN
and	CC
high	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
luncheon	NN
,	,
attendees	NNS
learned	VBD
about	IN
opportunities	NNS
available	JJ
in	IN
public	JJ
health	NN
and	CC
resources	NNS
they	PRP
can	MD
use	VB
to	TO
assist	VB
students	NNS
interested	JJ
in	IN
public	JJ
health	NN
careers	NNS
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
evening	NN
presentation	NN
,	,
a	DT
keynote	NN
speaker	NN
and	CC
career	NN
panel	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
health	NN
scientists	NNS
addressed	VBD
the	DT
scope	NN
of	IN
opportunities	NNS
available	JJ
in	IN
public	JJ
health	NN
at	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
,	,
state	NN
,	,
and	CC
international	JJ
levels	NNS
,	,
and	CC
what	WP
positions	NNS
in	IN
this	DT
field	NN
entail	VB
.	.
After	IN
collaborating	VBG
on	IN
this	DT
event	NN
,	,
a	DT
partnership	NN
formed	VBD
between	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Texas	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Texas	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Health	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
now	RB
the	DT
Department	NNP
of	IN
State	NNP
Health	NNP
Services	NNPS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
develop	VB
internship	NN
opportunities	NNS
under	IN
the	DT
supervision	NN
of	IN
public	JJ
health	NN
scientists	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Bureau	NNP
of	IN
Laboratories	NNPS
and	CC
the	DT
Bureau	NNP
of	IN
Epidemiology	NNP
.	.
Students	NNS
who	WP
know	VBP
what	WP
career	NN
path	NN
they	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
pursue	VB
use	NN
less	JJR
time	NN
and	CC
fewer	JJR
resources	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
career	NN
center	NN
.	.
The	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Bloomberg	NNP
School	NNP
of	IN
Public	NNP
Health	NNP
at	IN
Johns	NNP
Hopkins	NNP
University	NNP
helps	VBZ
students	NNS
interested	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
health	NN
career	NN
through	IN
a	DT
web-based	JJ
tool	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
industry	NN
career	NN
exploration	NN
and	CC
decision-making	NN
.	.
The	DT
Degree	NNP
Planner	NNP
aims	VBZ
to	TO
educate	VB
undergraduate	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
others	NNS
about	IN
opportunities	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
field	NN
,	,
to	TO
link	VB
public	JJ
health	NN
majors	NNS
to	TO
careers	NNS
,	,
to	TO
assist	VB
current	JJ
public	JJ
health	NN
students	NNS
in	IN
defining	VBG
their	PRP$
career	NN
options	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
market	VB
the	DT
Bloomberg	NNP
School	NNP
to	TO
prospective	JJ
.	.
The	DT
demand	NN
for	IN
job-search	JJ
information	NN
was	VBD
great	JJ
:	:
From	IN
2000	CD
to	TO
2003	CD
,	,
the	DT
York	NNP
University	NNP
Career	NNP
Centre	NNP
experienced	VBD
a	DT
fourfold	JJ
increase	NN
in	IN
attendance	NN
for	IN
in-house	JJ
workshops	NNS
.	.
This	DT
surge	NN
stretched	VBN
center	NN
resources	NNS
and	CC
prompted	VBD
a	DT
change	NN
in	IN
career	NN
information	NN
delivery	NN
from	IN
a	DT
workshop	NN
format	NN
to	TO
a	DT
seminar\/lecture	NN
format	NN
.	.
Robbins	NNS
and	CC
her	PRP$
staff	NN
wanted	VBD
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
get	VB
more	JJR
and	CC
better	JJR
job-search	JJ
information	NN
to	TO
more	JJR
students	NNS
.	.
On	IN
October	NNP
16	CD
,	,
2003	CD
,	,
after	IN
a	DT
five-month	JJ
development	NN
period	NN
,	,
they	PRP
launched	VBD
the	DT
Career	NNP
Cyberguide	NNP
,	,
a	DT
multimedia	NNS
job-search	JJ
resource	NN
.	.
Online	NNP
presentations	NNS
by	IN
center	NN
specialists	NNS
are	VBP
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
information	NN
components	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
center	NN
workshops	NNS
,	,
and	CC
feature	NN
audio	NN
,	,
video	NN
,	,
and	CC
graphic	JJ
elements	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
live	JJ
workshops	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
streaming	VBG
presentation	NN
.	.
The	DT
Career	NNP
Centre	NNP
staff	NN
taped	VBN
workshops	NNS
and	CC
divided	VBN
them	PRP
into	IN
10	CD
-	:
to	TO
20-minute	JJ
segments	NNS
.	.
Interviews	NNS
with	IN
staffing	NN
professionals	NNS
from	IN
employers	NNS
help	VBP
clarify	VB
student	NN
expectations	NNS
and	CC
corporate	JJ
recruitment	NN
strategies	NNS
.	.
Downloadable	JJ
PowerPoint	NNP
handouts	NNS
and	CC
templates	NNS
accompany	VBP
each	DT
section	NN
,	,
allowing	VBG
students	NNS
to	TO
work	VB
through	IN
the	DT
materials	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
watch	VBP
and	CC
listen	VBP
.	.
In	IN
recent	JJ
years	NNS
,	,
career	NN
centers	NNS
have	VBP
faced	VBN
many	JJ
challenges	NNS
.	.
These	DT
include	VBP
how	WRB
to	TO
engage	VB
small	JJ
and	CC
mid-sized	JJ
organizations	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
underdeveloped	JJ
or	CC
no	DT
human	JJ
resources	NNS
functions	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
no	DT
history	NN
of	IN
interaction	NN
with	IN
a	DT
career	NN
center	NN
,	,
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
best	JJS
address	NN
the	DT
mounting	VBG
concern	NN
about	IN
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
leaving	VBG
their	PRP$
state	NN
.	.
To	TO
help	VB
career	NN
centers	NNS
at	IN
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
in	IN
Indiana	NNP
meet	VBP
these	DT
challenges	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Purdue	NNP
University	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Career	NNP
Opportunities	NNPS
,	,
with	IN
funding	NN
assistance	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Lilly	NNP
Endowment	NNP
,	,
developed	VBD
a	DT
publication	NN
and	CC
PDF	NNP
that	IN
contain	VBP
content	JJ
relevant	JJ
to	TO
campus	NN
recruitment	NN
visits	NNS
and	CC
provide	VB
information	NN
applicable	JJ
to	TO
most	JJS
career	NN
centers	NNS
.	.
Why	WRB
provide	VBP
help	NN
statewide	RB
?	.
Navigating	VBG
College	NNP
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
in	IN
Indiana	NNP
promotes	VBZ
college	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
to	TO
prospective	JJ
employers	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
not	RB
historically	RB
sourced	JJ
candidates	NNS
through	IN
college	NN
and	CC
university	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
in	IN
Indiana	NNP
.	.
To	TO
assist	VB
educators	NNS
in	IN
integrating	VBG
the	DT
skills-based	JJ
competencies	NNS
needed	VBN
by	IN
entry-level	JJ
accounting	NN
professionals	NNS
and	CC
provide	VB
evaluation	NN
and	CC
educational	JJ
strategy	NN
resources	NNS
,	,
the	DT
American	NNP
Institute	NNP
of	IN
Certified	NNP
Public	NNP
Accountants	NNPS
-LRB-	-LRB-
AICPA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
developed	VBD
the	DT
Educational	NNP
Competency	NNP
Assessment	NNP
web	NN
site	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
www.aicpa-eca.org	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
library	NN
contains	VBZ
the	DT
Core	NNP
Competency	NNP
Framework	NNP
,	,
a	DT
data	NN
base	NN
of	IN
the	DT
skill-based	JJ
competencies	NNS
developed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
AICPA	NNP
,	,
and	CC
additional	JJ
related	VBN
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
competencies	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
competency	NN
levels	NNS
and	CC
elements	NNS
.	.
The	DT
library	NN
also	RB
houses	VBZ
the	DT
Education	NNP
Strategies	NNS
Database	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
provides	VBZ
information	NN
and	CC
suggestions	NNS
regarding	VBG
effective	JJ
strategies	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
students	NNS
develop	VB
a	DT
particular	JJ
competency	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
information	NN
and	CC
examples	NNS
to	TO
assess	VB
student	NN
performance	NN
and	CC
evaluate	VB
competencies	NNS
coverage	NN
.	.
Presented	VBN
since	IN
1983	CD
,	,
the	DT
award	NN
recognizes	VBZ
and	CC
honors	NNS
a	DT
college	NN
member	NN
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
for	IN
its	PRP$
development	NN
of	IN
a	DT
groundbreaking	JJ
program	NN
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
field	NN
.	.
Iowa	NNP
State	NNP
's	POS
College	NNP
of	IN
Engineering	NNP
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
developed	VBD
a	DT
set	NN
of	IN
metrics	NNS
to	TO
assess	VB
student	NN
development	NN
and	CC
demonstrate	VB
the	DT
ability-based	JJ
outcomes	NNS
required	VBN
for	IN
accreditation	NN
.	.
Staff	NNP
also	RB
developed	VBD
a	DT
sustainable	JJ
system	NN
to	TO
deliver	VB
the	DT
tools	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
advisers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
experiential	JJ
education	NN
supervisors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
supports	VBZ
the	DT
program	NN
by	IN
delivering	VBG
data	NNS
about	IN
student	NN
development	NN
to	TO
faculty	NN
each	DT
semester	NN
.	.
``	``
During	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
five	CD
years	NNS
,	,
engineering	NN
programs	NNS
across	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
hard	JJ
pressed	VBN
to	TO
`	``
measure	VB
the	DT
immeasurable	JJ
'	''
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
new	JJ
competency-based	JJ
standards	NNS
required	VBN
for	IN
accreditation	NN
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Leigh	NNP
Turner	NNP
,	,
vice	NN
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
and	CC
Executive	NNP
Director	NNP
of	IN
Texas	NNP
A&M	NNP
University	NNP
's	POS
career	NN
center	NN
.	.
Employers	NNS
has	VBZ
been	VBN
the	DT
leading	VBG
source	NN
of	IN
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
college	NN
market	NN
,	,
for	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
who	WP
advise	VBP
students	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
in	IN
career	NN
planning	NN
and	CC
the	DT
job-search	JJ
process	NN
,	,
and	CC
for	IN
human	JJ
resources	NNS
professionals	NNS
who	WP
recruit	VBP
and	CC
hire	VBP
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
NACE	NNP
maintains	VBZ
a	DT
virtual	JJ
press	NN
room	NN
at	IN
www.naceweb.org/press/	NN
.	.
When	WRB
recruiters	NNS
from	IN
Cap	NNP
Gemini	NNP
Ernst	NNP
&	CC
Young	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CGE&Y	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
head	NN
off	IN
to	TO
campus	NN
career	NN
fairs	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
carry	VBP
with	IN
them	PRP
a	DT
single	JJ
CD	NN
that	WDT
combines	VBZ
the	DT
simplicity	NN
of	IN
PowerPoint	NNP
with	IN
the	DT
pizzazz	NN
of	IN
video	NN
to	TO
help	VB
students	NNS
learn	VBP
about	IN
consulting	VBG
careers	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
company	NN
.	.
To	TO
that	DT
end	NN
,	,
the	DT
authors	NNS
devote	VBP
a	DT
page	NN
to	TO
each	DT
skill	NN
area	NN
and	CC
recommend	VB
classes	NNS
and	CC
activities	NNS
students	NNS
can	MD
participate	VB
in	IN
to	TO
improve	VB
in	IN
that	DT
area	NN
.	.
A	DT
final	JJ
page	NN
offers	VBZ
students	NNS
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
places	NNS
to	TO
explore	VB
opportunities	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
campus	NN
career	NN
center	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
120-year-old	JJ
chain	NN
,	,
Sears	NNP
,	,
Roebuck	NNP
&	CC
Co.	NNP
has	VBZ
a	DT
rich	JJ
history	NN
and	CC
a	DT
remarkable	JJ
track	NN
record	NN
.	.
But	CC
those	DT
virtues	NNS
often	RB
were	VBD
lost	VBN
on	IN
job-seeking	JJ
college	NN
grads	NNS
who	WP
grew	VBD
up	RP
on	IN
The	DT
Gap	NNP
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
minds	NNS
of	IN
many	JJ
,	,
Sears	NNP
was	VBD
a	DT
store	NN
where	WRB
their	PRP$
grandparents	NNS
liked	VBD
to	TO
shop	VB
,	,
not	RB
an	DT
employer	NN
offering	NN
unlimited	JJ
career	NN
potential	NN
.	.
More	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
decades	NNS
have	VBP
passed	VBN
since	IN
Donald	NNP
R.	NNP
Katz	NNP
stood	VBD
before	IN
a	DT
class	NN
of	IN
eighth	JJ
graders	NNS
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
teacher	NN
in	IN
him	PRP
has	VBZ
remained	VBN
,	,
guiding	VBG
him	PRP
throughout	IN
a	DT
career	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
focused	VBN
mainly	RB
on	IN
university	NN
relations	NNS
and	CC
campus	NN
recruiting	NN
.	.
In	IN
1998	CD
,	,
Katz	NNP
left	VBD
banking	NN
to	TO
become	VB
a	DT
Chicago-based	JJ
university	NN
relations	NNS
manager	NN
and	CC
senior	JJ
recruiter	NN
for	IN
American	NNP
Management	NNP
Systems	NNP
,	,
Inc.	NNP
,	,
an	DT
international	JJ
business	NN
and	CC
information	NN
technology	NN
consulting	VBG
firm	NN
.	.
Three	CD
years	NNS
later	RB
,	,
when	WRB
the	DT
company	NN
reduced	VBD
its	PRP$
labor	NN
force	NN
,	,
Katz	NNP
was	VBD
among	IN
those	DT
caught	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
downsizing	NN
.	.
Because	IN
he	PRP
had	VBD
begun	VBN
to	TO
do	VB
some	DT
independent	JJ
consulting	NN
several	JJ
years	NNS
earlier	RBR
,	,
Katz	NNP
was	VBD
able	JJ
to	TO
expand	VB
his	PRP$
business	NN
and	CC
begin	VB
yet	RB
another	DT
phase	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
career	NN
.	.
To	TO
engage	VB
high	JJ
school	NN
students	NNS
in	IN
early	JJ
career	NN
planning	NN
,	,
Coker	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Career	NNP
Planning	NNP
and	CC
Placement	NNP
Services	NNPS
staff	NN
at	IN
Tyler	NNP
Junior	NNP
College	NNP
developed	VBD
a	DT
booklet	NN
that	WDT
introduces	VBZ
them	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
world	NN
of	IN
work	NN
.	.
From	IN
accounting	VBG
to	TO
social	JJ
work	NN
,	,
the	DT
Hot	NNP
Jobs	NNP
Viewbook	NNP
provides	VBZ
overviews	NNS
of	IN
various	JJ
fields	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
training	NN
necessary	JJ
to	TO
obtain	VB
jobs	NNS
,	,
types	NNS
of	IN
positions	NNS
,	,
salary	NN
ranges	NNS
,	,
and	CC
suggested	VBD
subjects	NNS
students	NNS
can	MD
take	VB
to	TO
prepare	VB
for	IN
particular	JJ
careers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
package	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
four	CD
four-color	JJ
booklets	NNS
:	:
one	CD
of	IN
inspirational	JJ
quotes	NNS
;	:
one	CD
on	IN
success	NN
and	CC
company	NN
values	NNS
;	:
another	DT
outlining	VBG
compensation	NN
,	,
benefits	NNS
,	,
and	CC
professional	JJ
development	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
booklet	NN
to	TO
help	VB
students	NNS
determine	VB
where	WRB
they	PRP
might	MD
fit	VB
within	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
.	.
Services	NNP
staff	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
a	DT
single-page	JJ
monthly	JJ
newsletter	NN
designed	VBN
to	TO
increase	VB
student	NN
awareness	NN
of	IN
career	NN
center	NN
programming	NN
and	CC
services	NNS
,	,
experiential	JJ
education	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
on-campus	JJ
recruiting	NN
schedules	NNS
.	.
TVI	NNP
Community	NNP
College	NNP
developed	VBD
this	DT
CD-ROM	NN
to	TO
help	VB
students	NNS
and	CC
graduates	NNS
conduct	VBP
a	DT
job	NN
search	NN
,	,
begin	VB
or	CC
advance	VB
their	PRP$
careers	NNS
,	,
and\/or	CC
make	VB
a	DT
job	NN
or	CC
career	NN
change	NN
.	.
The	DT
CD-ROM	NN
features	VBZ
job	NN
search	NN
,	,
resume	VB
,	,
and	CC
interview	NN
modules	NNS
,	,
plus	CC
a	DT
glossary	NN
of	IN
terms	NNS
and	CC
extensive	JJ
resource	NN
listings	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
24\/7	CD
student	NN
resource	NN
and	CC
classroom	NN
tool	NN
.	.
COMET	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Career	NNP
Opportunity	NNP
and	CC
Management	NNP
Employment	NNP
Training	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
a	DT
10-month	JJ
program	NN
,	,
was	VBD
developed	VBN
by	IN
Applied	NNP
Industrial	NNP
Technologies	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
fast-track	JJ
training	NN
program	NN
to	TO
build	VB
a	DT
pool	NN
of	IN
future	JJ
leaders	NNS
,	,
recruit	VB
and	CC
retain	VB
more	JJR
college	NN
graduates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
formulate	VB
a	DT
career	NN
network	NN
.	.
Since	IN
its	PRP$
inception	NN
in	IN
1994	CD
,	,
the	DT
ECAC	NNP
web	NN
site	NN
has	VBZ
evolved	VBN
into	IN
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
site	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
employers	NNS
,	,
featuring	VBG
an	DT
online	JJ
recruiting	NN
calendar	NN
;	:
job-search	JJ
articles	NNS
and	CC
assistance	NN
;	:
links	NNS
to	TO
employer	NN
web	NN
sites	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
job-search	JJ
sites	NNS
;	:
information	NN
about	IN
programs	NNS
,	,
orientations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
workshops	NNS
;	:
salary	NN
surveys	NNS
,	,
student	NN
and	CC
employer	NN
manuals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
continuously	RB
updated	VBN
career	NN
center	NN
information	NN
.	.
This	DT
web	NN
site	NN
challenges	NNS
visitors	NNS
to	TO
test	VB
themselves	PRP
in	IN
four	CD
interactive	JJ
cases	NNS
that	WDT
each	DT
address	NN
a	DT
fundamental	JJ
dilemma	NN
facing	VBG
e-business	NN
today	NN
.	.
The	DT
cases	NNS
are	VBP
actual	JJ
project	NN
experiences	NNS
of	IN
consultants	NNS
that	WDT
provide	VBP
visitors	NNS
with	IN
decision	NN
making	VBG
opportunities	NNS
and	CC
allow	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
share	VB
their	PRP$
thinking	NN
on	IN
business	NN
issues	NNS
.	.
Cap	NNP
Gemini	NNP
Ernst	NNP
&	CC
Young	NNP
evaluates	VBZ
visitor	NN
responses	NNS
for	IN
creativity	NN
,	,
insightfulness	NN
,	,
and	CC
analytical	JJ
ability	NN
to	TO
identify	VB
recruitment	NN
prospects	NNS
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
traditional	JJ
recruiting	NN
season	NN
.	.
Through	IN
the	DT
profiles	NNS
,	,
students	NNS
gain	NN
access	NN
to	TO
employer	NN
information	NN
customized	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
Berkeley	NNP
campus	NN
,	,
employers	NNS
increase	VBP
their	PRP$
visibility	NN
among	IN
potential	JJ
hires	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
generates	VBZ
revenues	NNS
.	.
Burke	NNP
previously	RB
served	VBD
as	IN
a	DT
Rohm	NNP
and	CC
Haas	NNP
manager	NN
in	IN
research	NN
recruiting	NN
and	CC
university	NN
relations	NNS
,	,
corporate	JJ
information	NN
security\/research	NN
security	NN
,	,
and	CC
also	RB
as	IN
a	DT
senior	JJ
research	NN
scientist	NN
and	CC
recruiting	NN
supervisor	NN
.	.
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NACE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Burke	NNP
merited	VBD
this	DT
honor	NN
for	IN
his	PRP$
contributions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
college	NN
relations	NNS
and	CC
recruiting	VBG
profession	NN
through	IN
years	NNS
of	IN
service	NN
,	,
commitment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
professional	JJ
associations	NNS
,	,
advocacy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
college	NN
relations	NNS
field	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
mentoring	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
professionals	NNS
.	.
Palamara	NNP
says	VBZ
that	IN
in	IN
the	DT
Temple	NNP
presentation	NN
,	,
in	IN
subsequent	JJ
presentations	NNS
at	IN
job	NN
fairs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
the	DT
workbook	NN
,	,
the	DT
Towers	NNP
Perrin	NNP
group	NN
emphasized	VBD
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
asking	VBG
employers	NNS
about	IN
other	JJ
aspects	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
job	NN
,	,
including	VBG
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
advancement	NN
,	,
pay	NN
raises	VBZ
,	,
employee	NN
benefits	NNS
,	,
company	NN
values	NNS
,	,
and	CC
work-life	NN
balance	NN
.	.
The	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
staff	NN
developed	VBD
the	DT
video	NN
primarily	RB
to	TO
address	VB
student	NN
concerns	NNS
and	CC
misconceptions	NNS
about	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
center	NN
only	RB
serves	VBZ
graduating	VBG
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
staff	NN
also	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
emphasize	VB
the	DT
point	NN
that	WDT
students	NNS
can	MD
use	VB
career	NN
services	NNS
throughout	IN
and	CC
beyond	IN
their	PRP$
college	NN
years	NNS
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
competition	NN
,	,
teams	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
compete	VBP
for	IN
a	DT
hypothetical	JJ
job	NN
with	IN
a	DT
sponsoring	VBG
employer	NN
.	.
The	DT
competition	NN
includes	VBZ
a	DT
career	NN
resource	NN
scavenger	NN
hunt	NN
,	,
requiring	VBG
hands-on	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
CRC	NNP
resources	NNS
;	:
company	NN
and	CC
industry	NN
research	NN
;	:
and	CC
an	DT
interview	NN
with	IN
a	DT
representative	NN
of	IN
the	DT
competition	NN
sponsor	NN
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
was	VBD
developed	VBN
by	IN
Steven	NNP
R.	NNP
Kravinsky	NNP
,	,
director	NN
of	IN
business\/LAS	NNP
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
to	TO
enhance	VB
students	NNS
?	.
cross-cultural	JJ
awareness	NN
and	CC
to	TO
facilitate	VB
global	JJ
relationships	NNS
among	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
.	.
To	TO
address	VB
their	PRP$
mutual	JJ
concerns	NNS
,	,
Beck	NNP
and	CC
Karrer	NNP
initiated	VBD
plans	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
project	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
partner	NN
two	CD
university	NN
divisions	NNS
:	:
Student	NNP
Affairs	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Beck	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
CDS	NNP
staff	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
Academic	NNP
Affairs	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Karrer	NNP
and	CC
students	NNS
in	IN
his	PRP$
multimedia	NNS
design	NN
and	CC
production	NN
class	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
interview	NN
journey	NN
leads	VBZ
students	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
through	IN
four	CD
phases	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
job	NN
search	NN
:	:
creating	VBG
a	DT
resume	VB
,	,
researching	VBG
a	DT
company	NN
,	,
dressing	VBG
for	IN
an	DT
interview	NN
,	,
and	CC
responding	VBG
to	TO
interview	VB
questions	NNS
.	.
After	IN
completing	VBG
the	DT
journey	NN
,	,
visitors	NNS
are	VBP
scored	VBN
on	IN
their	PRP$
responses	NNS
to	TO
questions	NNS
in	IN
each	DT
section	NN
.	.
Elsewhere	RB
on	IN
the	DT
site	NN
,	,
the	DT
exploration	NN
section	NN
poses	VBZ
frequently	RB
asked	VBN
interview	NN
questions	NNS
and	CC
critiques	NNS
the	DT
answers	NNS
students	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
provide	VBP
.	.
Additional	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
interviewing	VBG
and	CC
other	JJ
job-search	JJ
skills	NNS
appears	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
reference	NN
section	NN
.	.
International	NNP
,	,
Inc.	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
OMI	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
an	DT
international	JJ
environmental	JJ
firm	NN
headquartered	VBN
in	IN
Englewood	NNP
,	,
Colorado	NNP
.	.
At	IN
OMI	NNP
,	,
Hunt	NNP
directs	VBZ
the	DT
human	JJ
resources	NNS
department	NN
,	,
with	IN
oversight	NN
for	IN
staff	NN
training	NN
,	,
career	NN
development	NN
and	CC
college	NN
relations	NNS
programs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
HR	NNP
program	NN
development	NN
.	.
He	PRP
also	RB
directs	VBZ
the	DT
management	NN
information	NN
systems	NNS
and	CC
administration	NN
group	NN
.	.
Before	IN
joining	VBG
OMI	NNP
,	,
Hunt	NNP
served	VBD
as	IN
director	NN
of	IN
human	JJ
resources	NNS
at	IN
Morrison	NNP
Knudsen	NNP
Corporation	NNP
in	IN
Boise	NNP
,	,
Idaho	NNP
.	.
In	IN
that	DT
capacity	NN
,	,
he	PRP
was	VBD
responsible	JJ
for	IN
strategic	JJ
planning	NN
,	,
staffing	NN
,	,
employee	NN
relations	NNS
,	,
training	NN
and	CC
development	NN
,	,
compensation	NN
,	,
and	CC
affirmative	JJ
action	NN
.	.
He	PRP
previously	RB
held	VBD
the	DT
positions	NNS
of	IN
director	NN
of	IN
staffing	NN
and	CC
university	NN
relations	NNS
at	IN
Morrison	NNP
Knudson	NNP
,	,
senior	JJ
employment	NN
representative	NN
at	IN
Bechtel	NNP
,	,
and	CC
personnel	NNS
representative	NN
at	IN
CDI	NNP
Corporation	NNP
,	,
all	DT
in	IN
Boise	NNP
.	.
``	``
Internship	NN
programs	NNS
are	VBP
a	DT
way	NN
for	IN
employers	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
to	TO
test	VB
each	DT
other	JJ
out	RP
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Mackes	NNP
.	.
``	``
Employers	NNS
get	VBP
the	DT
chance	NN
to	TO
see	VB
the	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
action	NN
,	,
to	TO
see	VB
how	WRB
they	PRP
perform	VBP
and	CC
fit	VBP
into	IN
the	DT
workplace	NN
.	.
About	IN
the	DT
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
2006	CD
survey	NN
:	:
The	DT
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
survey	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
forecast	NN
of	IN
hiring	VBG
intentions	NNS
of	IN
employers	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
relate	VBP
to	TO
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NACE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
surveys	VBZ
its	PRP$
employer	NN
members	NNS
about	IN
their	PRP$
hiring	VBG
plans	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
upcoming	JJ
class	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
employment-related	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
2006	CD
survey	NN
covers	VBZ
employers	NNS
?	.
hiring	VBG
intentions	NNS
and	CC
related	JJ
issues	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
college	NN
Class	NN
of	IN
2005-06	CD
.	.
When	WRB
asked	VBN
about	IN
``	``
soft	JJ
''	''
skills	NNS
,	,
qualities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
characteristics	NNS
in	IN
job	NN
candidates	NNS
,	,
employers	NNS
responding	VBG
to	TO
NACE	NNP
's	POS
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
2006	CD
report	NN
cited	VBD
communication	NN
skills	NNS
as	IN
most	RBS
important	JJ
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
See	VB
Figure	NN
1	CD
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
when	WRB
asked	VBN
about	IN
candidate	NN
``	``
holes	NNS
,	,
''	''
most	RBS
identified	VBN
communication	NN
skills	NNS
.	.
``	``
For	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
10	CD
years	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
've	VBP
asked	VBN
employers	NNS
about	IN
key	JJ
skills	NNS
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
have	VBP
consistently	RB
named	VBN
communication	NN
skills	NNS
as	IN
critical	JJ
,	,
yet	RB
have	VBP
also	RB
said	VBN
this	DT
is	VBZ
something	NN
many	JJ
candidates	NNS
lack	VBP
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Marilyn	NNP
Mackes	NNP
,	,
NACE	NNP
executive	NN
director	NN
.	.
``	``
The	DT
candidate	NN
's	POS
GPA	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
grade	NN
point	NN
average	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
can	MD
also	RB
play	VB
a	DT
big	JJ
role	NN
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Mackes	NNP
.	.
``	``
More	JJR
than	IN
70	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
employers	NNS
who	WP
participated	VBD
in	IN
our	PRP$
survey	NN
said	VBD
they	PRP
screen	VBP
candidates	NNS
on	IN
their	PRP$
GPA	NNP
,	,
and	CC
more	JJR
than	IN
half	NN
of	IN
those	DT
said	VBD
they	PRP
look	VBP
for	IN
a	DT
GPA	NNP
of	IN
3.0	CD
and	CC
above	RB
.	.
''	''
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
``	``
employers	NNS
place	VBP
a	DT
lot	NN
of	IN
importance	NN
on	IN
relevant	JJ
work	NN
experience	NN
,	,
''	''
explains	VBZ
Mackes	NNP
.	.
``	``
For	IN
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
,	,
that	IN
experience	NN
is	VBZ
typically	RB
gained	VBN
through	IN
an	DT
internship	NN
or	CC
participation	NN
in	IN
a	DT
cooperative	JJ
education	NN
assignment	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
Finding	VBG
a	DT
job	NN
really	RB
is	VBZ
a	DT
job	NN
,	,
''	''
she	PRP
says	VBZ
.	.
``	``
As	IN
our	PRP$
study	NN
shows	NNS
,	,
employers	NNS
have	VBP
a	DT
substantial	JJ
set	NN
of	IN
criteria	NNS
against	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
judge	VBP
potential	JJ
employees	NNS
.	.
Students	NNS
need	VBP
to	TO
demonstrate	VB
to	TO
employers	NNS
that	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
what	WP
it	PRP
takes	VBZ
.	.
''	''
About	IN
the	DT
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
2006	CD
survey	NN
:	:
The	DT
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
survey	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
forecast	NN
of	IN
hiring	VBG
intentions	NNS
of	IN
employers	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
relate	VBP
to	TO
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
year	NN
,	,
the	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NACE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
surveys	VBZ
its	PRP$
employer	NN
members	NNS
about	IN
their	PRP$
hiring	VBG
plans	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
upcoming	JJ
class	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
employment-related	JJ
issues	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Job	NNP
Outlook	NNP
2006	CD
survey	NN
covers	VBZ
employers	NNS
?	.
hiring	VBG
intentions	NNS
and	CC
related	JJ
issues	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
college	NN
class	NN
of	IN
2005-06	CD
.	.
The	DT
increases	NNS
,	,
says	VBZ
Marilyn	NNP
Mackes	NNP
,	,
NACE	NNP
executive	NN
director	NN
,	,
are	VBP
not	RB
unexpected	JJ
and	CC
``	``
track	NN
with	IN
what	WP
employers	NNS
told	VBD
us	PRP
earlier	RBR
this	DT
year-that	NN
they	PRP
expected	VBD
more	JJR
competition	NN
for	IN
this	DT
year	NN
's	POS
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
That	DT
increased	VBD
competition	NN
often	RB
results	VBZ
in	IN
higher	JJR
starting	VBG
salaries	NNS
.	.
''	''
In	IN
the	DT
business	NN
disciplines	NNS
,	,
accounting	VBG
degree	NN
graduates	NNS
saw	VBD
their	PRP$
average	JJ
starting	VBG
salary	NN
offer	NN
increase	NN
5.4	CD
percent	NN
over	IN
last	JJ
spring	NN
to	TO
$	$
46,188	CD
.	.
Business	NNP
administration\/management	NNP
majors	NNS
also	RB
fared	VBD
well	RB
,	,
posting	VBG
a	DT
3.9	CD
percent	NN
increase	NN
for	IN
an	DT
average	JJ
starting	VBG
salary	NN
of	IN
$	$
40,976	CD
.	.
The	DT
news	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
good	JJ
for	IN
economics\/finance	NN
graduates	NNS
;	:
their	PRP$
average	JJ
offer	NN
rose	VBD
5.3	CD
percent	NN
to	TO
bring	VB
their	PRP$
average	JJ
starting	VBG
salary	NN
offer	NN
to	TO
$	$
45,058	CD
.	.
Computer	NNP
engineering	NN
graduates	NNS
saw	VBD
their	PRP$
average	JJ
starting	VBG
salary	NN
offer	NN
rise	VB
a	DT
healthy	JJ
5.3	CD
percent	NN
to	TO
$	$
54,200	CD
.	.
The	DT
average	JJ
offer	NN
to	TO
electrical	JJ
engineers	NNS
rose	VBD
3.9	CD
percent	NN
to	TO
$	$
54,053	CD
.	.
Interestingly	RB
,	,
although	IN
employers	NNS
responding	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
NACE	NNP
survey	NN
earlier	RBR
in	IN
the	DT
year	NN
cited	VBD
mechanical	JJ
engineers	NNS
as	IN
among	IN
the	DT
disciplines	NNS
they	PRP
expected	VBD
to	TO
target	VB
,	,
mechanical	JJ
engineering	NN
graduates	NNS
have	VBP
n't	RB
seen	VBN
that	IN
interest	NN
bubble	NN
up	RB
into	IN
their	PRP$
salary	NN
offers	VBZ
;	:
their	PRP$
average	JJ
offer	NN
rose	VBD
just	RB
1.4	CD
percent	NN
to	TO
$	$
51,761	CD
.	.
Data	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
various	JJ
liberal	JJ
arts	NNS
disciplines	NNS
are	VBP
limited	VBN
at	IN
this	DT
time	NN
of	IN
year	NN
,	,
but	CC
looking	VBG
at	IN
liberal	JJ
arts	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
group	NN
shows	VBZ
that	IN
these	DT
graduates	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
doing	VBG
better	RBR
this	DT
year	NN
than	IN
they	PRP
did	VBD
last	JJ
year	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
group	NN
,	,
the	DT
average	JJ
starting	VBG
salary	NN
to	TO
liberal	JJ
arts	NNS
graduates	VBZ
stands	NNS
at	IN
$	$
30,958	CD
,	,
up	RB
2	CD
percent	NN
from	IN
last	JJ
year	NN
at	IN
this	DT
time	NN
.	.
``	``
Overall	RB
,	,
we	PRP
believe	VBP
that	IN
this	DT
year	NN
's	POS
graduates	NNS
will	MD
fare	VB
well	RB
in	IN
the	DT
job	NN
market	NN
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Mackes	NNP
.	.
``	``
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
the	DT
good	JJ
job	NN
market	NN
should	MD
n't	RB
be	VB
an	DT
excuse	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
to	TO
sit	VB
back	RB
and	CC
wait	VB
for	IN
employers	NNS
to	TO
come	VB
to	TO
them	PRP
.	.
Universities	NNS
indicated	VBD
that	IN
they	PRP
offer	VBP
career	NN
counseling	NN
;	:
more	JJR
than	IN
94	CD
percent	NN
provide	VBP
workshops	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
job	NN
search	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
interview	NN
preparation	NN
and	CC
resume	VB
writing	VBG
;	:
and	CC
more	JJR
than	IN
93	CD
percent	NN
sponsor	NN
career	NN
fairs	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
their	PRP$
students	NNS
connect	VBP
with	IN
potential	JJ
employers	NNS
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
in	IN
most	JJS
cases	NNS
,	,
the	DT
assistance	NN
is	VBZ
free	JJ
to	TO
students	NNS
.	.
None	NN
of	IN
the	DT
respondents	NNS
reported	VBD
charging	VBG
students	NNS
for	IN
career	NN
counseling	NN
appointments	NNS
;	:
less	JJR
than	IN
1	CD
percent	NN
reported	VBD
charging	VBG
for	IN
access	NN
to	TO
job	NN
listings	NNS
;	:
and	CC
just	RB
1.1	CD
percent	NN
reported	VBD
levying	VBG
fees	NNS
for	IN
taking	VBG
part	NN
in	IN
workshops	NNS
.	.
Similarly	RB
,	,
only	RB
a	DT
handful	NN
reported	VBD
that	IN
they	PRP
charge	VBP
students	NNS
for	IN
resume	VBP
referral	NN
services	NNS
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
Mackes	NNP
,	,
many	JJ
career	NN
centers	NNS
also	RB
try	VBP
to	TO
keep	VB
parents	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
loop	NN
by	IN
letting	VBG
them	PRP
know	VB
what	WP
job-search	JJ
services	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
to	TO
their	PRP$
student	NN
.	.
Nearly	RB
40	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
respondents	NNS
reported	VBD
that	IN
they	PRP
reach	VBP
out	RP
to	TO
parents	NNS
with	IN
career	NN
and	CC
job-search	JJ
information	NN
tailored	VBN
to	TO
them	PRP
.	.
``	``
Seven	CD
of	IN
the	DT
top-10	JJ
majors	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
highest	JJS
starting	VBG
salary	NN
offers	NNS
saw	VBD
increases	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
offers	NNS
over	IN
last	JJ
year	NN
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Marilyn	NNP
Mackes	NNP
,	,
executive	JJ
director	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
,	,
of	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
Winter	NNP
2006	CD
issue	NN
of	IN
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
.	.
``	``
Engineering	NNP
remains	VBZ
strong	JJ
,	,
and	CC
another	DT
high	JJ
point	NN
comes	VBZ
for	IN
economics\/finance	NN
graduates	NNS
,	,
who	WP
saw	VBD
a	DT
spectacular	JJ
11-percent	JJ
increase	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
average	JJ
starting	VBG
salary	NN
offers	NNS
.	.
''	''
NACE	NNP
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
track	VB
the	DT
job	NN
market	NN
for	IN
the	DT
college	NN
Class	NN
of	IN
2006	CD
through	IN
additional	JJ
surveys	NNS
and	CC
reports	NNS
.	.
In	IN
April	NNP
,	,
NACE	NNP
expects	VBZ
to	TO
release	VB
an	DT
update	VB
on	IN
employer	NN
hiring	VBG
intentions	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
new	JJ
salary	NN
report	NN
.	.
Mackes	NNP
,	,
executive	JJ
director	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
,	,
of	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
Winter	NNP
2006	CD
issue	NN
of	IN
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
.	.
``	``
By	IN
and	CC
large	JJ
,	,
the	DT
average	JJ
salary	NN
increases	NNS
employers	NNS
offered	VBD
to	TO
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
were	VBD
respectable	JJ
,	,
and	CC
some	DT
were	VBD
standouts	NNS
.	.
''	''
Among	IN
those	DT
disciplines	NNS
that	WDT
saw	VBD
changes	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
starting	VBG
salaries	NNS
,	,
most	JJS
saw	NN
increases	NNS
in	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Even	RB
among	IN
those	DT
that	WDT
saw	VBD
their	PRP$
starting	VBG
salaries	NNS
decrease	NN
,	,
average	JJ
offers	NNS
tended	VBD
to	TO
dip	VB
rather	RB
than	IN
plummet	VB
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
business	NN
disciplines	NNS
,	,
accounting	VBG
graduates	NNS
were	VBD
among	IN
those	DT
that	WDT
posted	VBD
a	DT
better-than-modest	JJ
increase	NN
:	:
Their	PRP$
average	JJ
offer	NN
now	RB
stands	VBZ
at	IN
$	$
45,723	CD
,	,
a	DT
6.2	CD
percent	NN
increase	NN
.	.
But	CC
this	DT
increase	NN
pales	VBZ
in	IN
comparison	NN
to	TO
the	DT
increase	NN
posted	VBN
by	IN
economics\/finance	NN
graduates	NNS
,	,
who	WP
posted	VBD
a	DT
spectacular	JJ
11	CD
percent	NN
increase	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
average	JJ
starting	VBG
salary	NN
offer	NN
,	,
which	WDT
now	RB
averages	NNS
$	$
45,191	CD
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
2004	CD
and	CC
2005	CD
academic	JJ
years	NNS
,	,
computer	NN
science	NN
graduates	NNS
enjoyed	VBD
watching	VBG
their	PRP$
average	JJ
starting	VBG
salary	NN
increase	NN
steadily	RB
.	.
That	DT
streak	NN
ends	VBZ
with	IN
this	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
Salary	NNP
Survey	NNP
;	:
the	DT
average	JJ
offer	NN
to	TO
computer	NN
science	NN
graduates	VBZ
fell	VBD
2	CD
percent-to	JJ
$	$
50,046	CD
,	,
still	RB
a	DT
very	RB
respectable	JJ
starting	VBG
salary	NN
in	IN
anyone	NN
's	POS
book	NN
.	.
Data	NNP
for	IN
liberal	JJ
arts	NNS
and	CC
sciences	NNS
graduates	NNS
are	VBP
very	RB
limited	VBN
,	,
as	IN
is	VBZ
typically	RB
the	DT
case	NN
at	IN
this	DT
time	NN
of	IN
year	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
when	WRB
these	DT
graduates	NNS
are	VBP
looked	VBN
at	IN
as	IN
a	DT
group-rather	NN
than	IN
as	IN
separate	JJ
disciplines-one	NN
can	MD
get	VB
a	DT
sense	NN
of	IN
where	WRB
they	PRP
stand	VBP
relative	JJ
to	TO
last	JJ
year	NN
.	.
The	DT
average	JJ
salary	NN
to	TO
liberal	JJ
arts	NNS
majors	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
group	NN
is	VBZ
up	IN
a	DT
healthy	JJ
6.1	CD
percent	NN
over	IN
last	JJ
year	NN
and	CC
stands	VBZ
at	IN
$	$
30,828	CD
.	.
Your	PRP$
registration	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
confirmed	VBN
until	IN
payment	NN
is	VBZ
received	VBN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
Once	RB
payment	NN
is	VBZ
received	VBN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
receive	VB
a	DT
confirmation	NN
via	IN
e-mail	NN
.	.
All	DT
event	NN
communication	NN
will	MD
be	VB
distributed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
attendee	NN
via	IN
email	NN
.	.
Women	NNS
make	VBP
up	RP
more	JJR
than	IN
40	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
work	NN
force	NN
.	.
Childbirth	NNP
,	,
eldercare	NN
,	,
and	CC
downsizing	VBG
can	MD
interrupt	VB
a	DT
woman	NN
's	POS
career	NN
.	.
Working	JJ
women	NNS
should	MD
plan	VB
for	IN
re-entry	NN
into	IN
the	DT
work	NN
force	NN
before	IN
they	PRP
leave	VBP
.	.
This	DT
session	NN
will	MD
present	VB
career	NN
planning	NN
strategies	NNS
for	IN
women	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
anticipating	VBG
a	DT
long-term	JJ
hiatus	NN
from	IN
college	NN
recruiting\/career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Women	NNS
comprise	VBP
more	JJR
than	IN
50	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
most	JJS
campus	NN
populations	NNS
,	,
yet	RB
they	PRP
represent	VBP
less	JJR
than	IN
15	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
top	JJ
business	NN
leadership	NN
positions	NNS
.	.
Explore	VB
a	DT
creative	JJ
program	NN
crafted	VBN
by	IN
top	JJ
business	NN
schools	NNS
and	CC
leading	VBG
corporations	NNS
to	TO
educate	VB
and	CC
engage	VB
young	JJ
women	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
diverse	JJ
career	NN
options	NNS
offered	VBN
by	IN
business	NN
,	,
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WP
their	PRP$
undergraduate	JJ
major	JJ
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
be	VB
the	DT
first	JJ
to	TO
preview	NN
a	DT
new	JJ
,	,
online	JJ
,	,
interactive	JJ
resource	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
help	VB
young	JJ
women	NNS
identify	VBP
their	PRP$
career	NN
passions	NNS
,	,
meet	VBP
inspirational	JJ
role	NN
models	NNS
in	IN
business	NN
,	,
and	CC
build	VB
an	DT
online	JJ
community	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
young	JJ
women	NNS
who	WP
share	VBP
similar	JJ
career	NN
interests	NNS
.	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
market	VB
career	NN
services	NNS
programs	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
by	IN
incorporating	VBG
pop	NN
culture	NN
themes	NNS
.	.
Proven	NNP
best	JJS
practices	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
presented	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
engage	VB
and	CC
entice	VB
your	PRP$
students	NNS
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
programs	NNS
and	CC
training	NN
events	NNS
.	.
Learn	VB
successful	JJ
techniques	NNS
to	TO
increase	VB
your	PRP$
cyber	NN
counseling	NN
abilities	NNS
and	CC
leverage	NN
your	PRP$
online	JJ
technology	NN
use	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
student	NN
population	NN
.	.
The	DT
authors	NNS
of	IN
Barron	NNP
's	POS
The	DT
Complete	JJ
Job	NNP
Search	NNP
Guide	NNP
for	IN
Latinos	NNPS
present	VBP
a	DT
highly	RB
interactive	JJ
workshop	NN
covering	VBG
diversity	NN
best	JJS
practices	NNS
for	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
and	CC
employers	NNS
,	,
culturally	RB
sensitive	JJ
service	NN
delivery	NN
,	,
and	CC
using	VBG
the	DT
new	JJ
Multicultural	NNP
Inventory	NNP
for	IN
Career	NNP
Assessment	NNP
,	,
Search	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Advancement	NNP
applying	VBG
the	DT
R.E.S.P.E.C.T	NNP
model	NN
for	IN
counselors	NNS
and	CC
recruiters	NNS
.	.
By	IN
sharing	VBG
staff	NN
,	,
resources	NNS
,	,
programming	NN
,	,
and	CC
NACElink	NNP
technology	NN
,	,
Purdue	NNP
is	VBZ
creating	VBG
pipelines	NNS
among	IN
knowledge	NN
silos	NNS
through	IN
customized	VBN
partnerships	NNS
with	IN
academic	JJ
colleges	NNS
and	CC
regional	JJ
campuses	NNS
.	.
Implementation	NN
challenges	NNS
and	CC
strategies	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
addressed	VBN
.	.
With	IN
the	DT
growing	VBG
popularity	NN
of	IN
social	JJ
networking	NN
sites	NNS
,	,
blogs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
vlogs	NNS
,	,
corporate	JJ
recruiters	NNS
have	VBP
access	NN
to	TO
a	DT
substantial	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
personal	JJ
candidate	NN
information	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Internet	NNP
.	.
Discuss	VB
the	DT
legal	JJ
implications	NNS
of	IN
viewing	VBG
this	DT
information	NN
and\/or	CC
using	VBG
it	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
hiring	VBG
decisions	NNS
.	.
Gain	NN
an	DT
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
legal	JJ
guidelines	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
using	VBG
online	NN
,	,
public	JJ
information	NN
in	IN
hiring	VBG
decisions	NNS
.	.
Four	CD
hundred	CD
students	NNS
from	IN
10	CD
universities	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
recently	RB
engaged	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
international	JJ
internship	NN
were	VBD
surveyed	VBN
.	.
Hear	VB
what	WP
students	NNS
said	VBD
about	IN
their	PRP$
experiences	NNS
:	:
the	DT
academic	JJ
,	,
career	NN
,	,
and	CC
leadership	NN
value	NN
of	IN
the	DT
experience	NN
;	:
how	WRB
they	PRP
located	VBD
and	CC
funded	VBD
the	DT
opportunity	NN
;	:
and	CC
advice	NN
for	IN
other	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
student	NN
advisers	NNS
regarding	VBG
preparing	VBG
for	IN
and	CC
engaging	VBG
in	IN
an	DT
international	JJ
internship	NN
.	.
``	``
As	IN
you	PRP
look	VBP
ahead	RB
to	TO
the	DT
world	NN
in	IN
2017	CD
,	,
how	WRB
do	VBP
you	PRP
envision	VB
college	NN
students	NNS
and	CC
graduates	NNS
interacting	VBG
and	CC
connecting	VBG
with	IN
employers	NNS
?	.
Describe	VB
the	DT
players	NNS
involved	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
tools	NNS
and	CC
processes	VBZ
that	DT
will	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
.	.
Specifically	RB
,	,
describe	VBP
the	DT
roles	NNS
that	WDT
professionals	NNS
in	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
and	CC
in	IN
employing	VBG
organizations	NNS
will	MD
play	VB
in	IN
this	DT
process	NN
.	.
''	''
Hear	VB
what	WP
task	NN
force	NN
members	NNS
and	CC
contributing	VBG
essayists	NNS
predicted	VBD
and	CC
bring	VB
your	PRP$
own	JJ
predictions	NNS
.	.
Discuss	VB
the	DT
common	JJ
themes	NNS
,	,
the	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
issues	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
more	RBR
provocative	JJ
thoughts	NNS
of	IN
your	PRP$
colleagues	NNS
and	CC
peers	NNS
.	.
Review	NNP
the	DT
highlights	VBZ
from	IN
Universum	NNP
's	POS
2007	CD
United	NNP
States	NNPS
M.B.A.	NNP
,	,
undergraduate	NN
,	,
and	CC
diversity	NN
aggregate	JJ
research	NN
and	CC
rankings	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
survey	NN
of	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
45,000	CD
students	NNS
to	TO
discuss	VB
this	DT
year	NN
's	POS
recruitment	NN
trends	NNS
.	.
Employer	NN
branding	VBG
best	JJS
practices	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
discussed	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
perspective	NN
of	IN
employers	NNS
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
students	NNS
to	TO
pinpoint	VB
best	JJS
methods	NNS
to	TO
attract	VB
,	,
recruit	VB
,	,
and	CC
retain	VB
top	JJ
talent	NN
.	.
Background	NN
screening	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
strategy	NN
many	JJ
organizations	NNS
use	VBP
to	TO
hire	VB
the	DT
right	JJ
candidate	NN
.	.
Learn	VB
best	JJS
practices	NNS
of	IN
employment	NN
screening	VBG
for	IN
risk	NN
management	NN
.	.
Give	VB
yourself	PRP
peace	NN
of	IN
mind	NN
that	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
is	VBZ
fully	RB
compliant	JJ
legally	RB
while	IN
accessing	VBG
all	PDT
the	DT
information	NN
pertinent	JJ
to	TO
making	VBG
an	DT
informed	VBN
hiring	VBG
decision	NN
.	.
Recruiting	VBG
consultant	NN
Mary	NNP
Scott	NNP
will	MD
present	VB
comparative	JJ
quantitative	JJ
benchmarking	NN
data	NNS
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
selected	VBN
qualitative	JJ
findings	NNS
from	IN
her	PRP$
most	RBS
recent	JJ
survey	NN
,	,
which	WDT
reveals	VBZ
which	WDT
recruitment	NN
best	JJS
practices	NNS
have	VBP
the	DT
most	RBS
influence	VB
and	CC
impact	VB
on	IN
campus	NN
brand	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
students	NNS
differentiate	VBP
between	IN
``	``
the	DT
best	JJS
and	CC
the	DT
rest	NN
''	''
as	IN
they	PRP
consider	VBP
potential	JJ
employers	NNS
.	.
Learn	VB
techniques	NNS
for	IN
developing	VBG
internships	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
in	IN
multiple	JJ
countries	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
case	NN
study	NN
of	IN
a	DT
university	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
successful	JJ
in	IN
their	PRP$
efforts	NNS
.	.
Discover	NNP
how	WRB
to	TO
define	VB
your	PRP$
niche	NN
as	IN
a	DT
school	NN
;	:
partner	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
schools	NNS
;	:
understand	VB
diverse	JJ
cultures	NNS
;	:
define	VB
global	JJ
educational	JJ
trends	NNS
;	:
create	VB
a	DT
global	JJ
penetration	NN
strategy	NN
;	:
and	CC
more	JJR
.	.
Services	NNP
Office	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Wisconsin-Madison	NNP
uses	VBZ
podcasts	NNS
to	TO
reach	VB
students	NNS
and	CC
increase	VB
employer	NN
relations	NNS
.	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
you	PRP
can	MD
do	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
step-by-step	JJ
presentation	NN
that	WDT
makes	VBZ
podcasting	VBG
simple	JJ
and	CC
easy	JJ
to	TO
use	VB
.	.
Get	VB
the	DT
basics	NNS
:	:
hear	VB
a	DT
discussion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
the	DT
process	NN
,	,
the	DT
pitfalls	NNS
,	,
and	CC
priorities	NNS
for	IN
building	VBG
a	DT
college	NN
recruiting	NN
program	NN
.	.
Two	CD
experienced	JJ
recruiters	NNS
will	MD
offer	VB
a	DT
perspective	NN
from	IN
both	DT
a	DT
corporate	JJ
level	NN
and	CC
on-the-ground	JJ
recruiting	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
UGA	NNP
met	VBD
other	JJ
off-site	JJ
counseling	NN
needs	VBZ
through	IN
CareerBeam	NNP
,	,
an	DT
innovative	JJ
counselor-supported	JJ
web	NN
site	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
user-friendly	JJ
and	CC
easily	RB
accessible	JJ
to	TO
alumni	NNS
located	VBN
anywhere	RB
in	IN
the	DT
world	NN
and	CC
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
have	VB
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
with	IN
career	NN
counselors	NNS
during	IN
traditional	JJ
Atlanta	NNP
office	NN
hours	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
is	VBZ
it	PRP
okay	JJ
to	TO
say	VB
``	``
no	DT
''	''
to	TO
recruiters	NNS
?	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
often	RB
experience	VBP
recruiting	VBG
requests	NNS
from	IN
employers	NNS
whose	WP$
type	NN
of	IN
business	NN
,	,
job	NN
responsibilities	NNS
,	,
or	CC
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
employment	NN
conflict	NN
with	IN
established	JJ
office	NN
policies	NNS
.	.
Other	JJ
conflicts	NNS
arise	VBP
when	WRB
recruiters	NNS
circumvent	VBP
career	NN
services	NNS
offices	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
.	.
Can	MD
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
help	NN
in	IN
developing	VBG
ethical	JJ
and	CC
enforceable	JJ
policies	NNS
?	.
Discover	NNP
the	DT
secret	NN
to	TO
politically	RB
and	CC
strategically	RB
correct	JJ
approaches	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
convince	VB
faculty	NN
of	IN
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
successful	JJ
student	NN
experience	NN
.	.
Address	NN
the	DT
challenges	NNS
and	CC
concerns	NNS
you	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
colleagues	NNS
in	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
have	VBP
in	IN
establishing	VBG
and	CC
maintaining	VBG
effective	JJ
relationships	NNS
with	IN
faculty	NN
.	.
Learn	VB
about	IN
products	NNS
that	WDT
faculty	NN
will	MD
find	VB
useful	JJ
and	CC
get	VB
your	PRP$
message	NN
across	IN
,	,
and	CC
explore	VB
special	JJ
considerations	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
the	DT
entire	JJ
process	NN
of	IN
developing	VBG
and	CC
maintaining	VBG
relationships	NNS
with	IN
faculty	NN
more	RBR
efficient	JJ
,	,
effective	JJ
,	,
and	CC
successful	JJ
.	.
This	DT
presentation	NN
offers	VBZ
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
that	DT
survey	NN
and	CC
compares	VBZ
what	WP
students	NNS
had	VBD
to	TO
say	VB
with	IN
employer	NN
views	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
online	NN
tool	NN
.	.
Examine	VB
the	DT
issues	NNS
:	:
the	DT
ethics	NNS
,	,
accuracy	NN
,	,
and	CC
assumptions	NNS
students	NNS
and	CC
employers	NNS
have	VBP
about	IN
this	DT
popular	JJ
online	NN
social	JJ
networking	NN
tool	NN
.	.
Achieving	VBG
a	DT
diverse	JJ
work	NN
force	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
recruitment	NN
goal	NN
that	WDT
requires	VBZ
re-thinking	NN
recruitment	NN
strategies	NNS
.	.
By	IN
blending	VBG
various	JJ
techniques	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
social	JJ
networking	NN
,	,
to	TO
reach	VB
out	RP
directly	RB
to	TO
diverse	JJ
audiences	NNS
,	,
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
State	NNP
has	VBZ
obtained	VBN
a	DT
more	RBR
diverse	JJ
applicant	NN
pool	NN
and	CC
has	VBZ
received	VBN
recognition	NN
as	IN
an	DT
ideal	JJ
employer	NN
by	IN
minority	NN
students	NNS
.	.
Internet	NNP
applicant	NN
,	,
identify	VB
the	DT
various	JJ
ways	NNS
an	DT
applicant	NN
can	MD
apply	VB
via	IN
the	DT
Internet	NNP
,	,
and	CC
determine	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
record	VB
and	CC
maintain	VB
Internet	NNP
applicant	NN
records	NNS
.	.
This	DT
presentation	NN
reviews	VBZ
the	DT
regulations	NNS
and	CC
illustrates	VBZ
an	DT
approach	NN
taken	VBN
by	IN
one	CD
employer	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
established	VBN
standards	NNS
.	.
Find	VB
out	RP
how	WRB
you	PRP
can	MD
apply	VB
OFCCP	NNP
regulations	NNS
to	TO
your	PRP$
own	JJ
internal	JJ
hiring	NN
practices	NNS
.	.
What	WP
's	VBZ
new	JJ
in	IN
your	PRP$
office	NN
?	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
doing	VBG
things	NNS
the	DT
way	NN
you	PRP
did	VBD
them	PRP
last	JJ
year	NN
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
probably	RB
stale	JJ
.	.
Freshen	VB
things	NNS
up	RP
for	IN
yourself	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
students	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
profession	NN
is	VBZ
constantly	RB
changing	VBG
and	CC
we	PRP
are	VBP
challenged	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
innovative	JJ
.	.
Share	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
colleagues	NNS
what	WP
is	VBZ
cutting	VBG
edge	NN
and	CC
what	WP
's	VBZ
``	``
so	RB
last	JJ
year	NN
.	.
''	''
Review	NNP
assessment	NN
methods	NNS
developed	VBN
by	IN
your	PRP$
colleagues	NNS
and	CC
peers	NNS
in	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
NACE	NNP
Professional	NNP
Standards	NNP
for	IN
College	NNP
and	CC
University	NNP
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
.	.
Assessment	NNP
methodology	NN
addressed	VBD
will	MD
range	VB
from	IN
writing	VBG
annual	JJ
reports	NNS
to	TO
assessing	VBG
learning	VBG
outcomes	NNS
.	.
The	DT
use	NN
of	IN
NACE	NNP
Professional	NNP
Standards	NNP
for	IN
College	NNP
and	CC
University	NNP
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
in	IN
assessment	NN
will	MD
be	VB
discussed	VBN
.	.
An	DT
array	NN
of	IN
evaluation	NN
approaches	NNS
used	VBN
by	IN
college	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
.	.
For	IN
some	DT
gay	JJ
and	CC
lesbian	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
sexual	JJ
orientation	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
integral	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
identity	NN
,	,
including	VBG
work	NN
.	.
Others	NNS
prefer	VBP
a	DT
separation	NN
between	IN
their	PRP$
personal	JJ
and	CC
professional	JJ
lives	NNS
.	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
help	VB
all	DT
of	IN
these	DT
students	NNS
prepare	VBP
for	IN
entry	NN
into	IN
the	DT
work	NN
force	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
companies	NNS
dedicate	VBP
huge	JJ
amounts	NNS
of	IN
energy	NN
getting	VBG
candidates	NNS
to	TO
accept	VB
their	PRP$
job	NN
offers-only	RB
to	TO
fumble	VB
the	DT
process	NN
getting	VBG
those	DT
same	JJ
employees	NNS
onboard	NN
and	CC
up	RB
to	TO
speed	VB
.	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
the	DT
best	JJS
employers	NNS
ease	VBP
the	DT
transition	NN
from	IN
candidate	NN
to	TO
employee	NN
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
discuss	VB
findings	NNS
from	IN
recent	JJ
WetFeet	NNP
research	NN
examining	VBG
the	DT
onboarding	JJ
process	NN
from	IN
the	DT
perspective	NN
of	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
employee	NN
.	.
Panelists	NNS
representing	VBG
employers	NNS
and	CC
career	NN
centers	NNS
with	IN
heavy	JJ
M.B.A.	NNP
recruiting	NN
focus	NN
will	MD
engage	VB
the	DT
audience	NN
in	IN
a	DT
discussion	NN
of	IN
best	JJS
M.B.A.	NNP
recruiting	VBG
practices	NNS
.	.
Participants	NNS
will	MD
discuss	VB
developing	VBG
an	DT
effective	JJ
M.B.A.	NNP
recruitment	NN
strategy	NN
,	,
maintaining	VBG
and	CC
strengthening	VBG
relationships	NNS
,	,
choosing	VBG
core	NN
schools	NNS
,	,
and	CC
measuring	VBG
return	NN
on	IN
investment	NN
.	.
First	JJ
class	NN
job	NN
candidate	NN
customer	NN
service	NN
separates	VBZ
the	DT
best	JJS
from	IN
the	DT
rest	NN
.	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
enhance	VB
the	DT
job	NN
candidate	NN
's	POS
experience	NN
through	IN
effective	JJ
relationship	NN
management	NN
and	CC
personalizing	VBG
the	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
see	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
best	JJS
use	NN
various	JJ
communication	NN
channels	NNS
and	CC
implement	VB
an	DT
innovative	JJ
onboarding	NN
program	NN
.	.
Walk	VB
away	RP
with	IN
best	JJS
practices	NNS
to	TO
improve	VB
your	PRP$
candidate	NN
relationships	NNS
and	CC
recruiting	VBG
results	NNS
.	.
Only	RB
1	CD
to	TO
2	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
applicants	NNS
are	VBP
contacted	VBN
by	IN
employers	NNS
,	,
causing	VBG
major	JJ
frustration	NN
for	IN
candidates	NNS
.	.
Authors	NNS
Jeff	NNP
Hunter	NNP
and	CC
Dave	NNP
Lefkow	NNP
promise	VBP
to	TO
turn	VB
the	DT
conventional	JJ
wisdom	NN
about	IN
job	NN
seeking	VBG
upside	RB
down	RB
.	.
During	IN
this	DT
presentation	NN
they	PRP
will	MD
present	VB
the	DT
``	``
Brand	NN
Talent	NN
Plan	NN
''	''
concept	NN
,	,
introduce	VB
college	NN
career	NN
practitioners	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
new	JJ
set	NN
of	IN
career	NN
principles	NNS
to	TO
teach	VB
students	NNS
;	:
show	VB
recruiters	NNS
a	DT
new	JJ
kind	NN
of	IN
job	NN
seeker	NN
and	CC
a	DT
different	JJ
approach	NN
to	TO
making	VBG
successful	JJ
new	JJ
hires	NNS
;	:
and	CC
provide	VB
a	DT
roadmap	NN
for	IN
employers	NNS
and	CC
job	NN
seekers	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
better	JJR
,	,
more	RBR
meaningful	JJ
career	NN
matches	VBZ
.	.
Future	JJ
work	NN
force	NN
shortages	NNS
and	CC
challenges	NNS
of	IN
recruiting	VBG
the	DT
right	JJ
talent	NN
are	VBP
obvious	JJ
trends	NNS
.	.
How	WRB
can	MD
organizations	NNS
align	VBP
themselves	PRP
with	IN
campuses	NNS
that	WDT
help	VBP
them	PRP
build	VB
the	DT
best	JJS
talent	NN
pool	NN
?	.
How	WRB
can	MD
campuses	NNS
work	VBP
with	IN
organizations	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
customized	VBN
approach	NN
to	TO
developing	VBG
partnerships	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
best	RB
utilize	VB
resources	NNS
?	.
This	DT
panel	NN
will	MD
offer	VB
successful	JJ
strategies	NNS
.	.
Examine	VB
current	JJ
and	CC
historical	JJ
perspectives	NNS
of	IN
historically	RB
black	JJ
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
HBCUs	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
with	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
recruiting	NN
and	CC
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
learn	VBP
statistical	JJ
results	NNS
from	IN
recent	JJ
diversity	NN
surveys	NNS
pertaining	VBG
to	TO
recruiting	VBG
and	CC
retention	NN
strategies	NNS
.	.
Information	NN
from	IN
several	JJ
HBCU	NNP
diversity	NN
forums	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
shared	VBN
.	.
Panelists	NNS
will	MD
include	VB
a	DT
diverse	JJ
group	NN
of	IN
HBCU	NNP
career	NN
center	NN
leaders	NNS
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
NACE	NNP
employer	NN
members	NNS
,	,
to	TO
discuss	VB
successful	JJ
recruiting	NN
and	CC
retention	NN
strategies	NNS
.	.
The	DT
panelists	NNS
will	MD
share	VB
the	DT
unique	JJ
qualities	NNS
of	IN
HBCU	NNP
environments	NNS
and	CC
best	JJS
practices	NNS
on	IN
recruitment	NN
and	CC
branding	NN
strategies	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
practitioners	NNS
in	IN
college	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
employer	NN
recruiting	NN
are	VBP
proud	JJ
of	IN
our	PRP$
student-focused	JJ
marketing	NN
.	.
We	PRP
strive	VBP
to	TO
expand	VB
student	NN
usage	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
career	NN
centers	NNS
and	CC
interest	NN
in	IN
our	PRP$
entry-level	JJ
opportunities	NNS
through	IN
approaches	NNS
that	WDT
treat	VBP
students	NNS
as	IN
``	``
customers	NNS
.	.
''	''
But	CC
is	VBZ
the	DT
customer	NN
always	RB
right	RB
?	.
Has	VBZ
the	DT
customer	NN
metaphor	NN
shaped	VBD
a	DT
level	NN
of	IN
student	NN
expectation	NN
our	PRP$
profession	NN
can	MD
no	RB
longer	RB
fulfill	VB
?	.
Join	VB
us	PRP
for	IN
this	DT
fascinating	JJ
``	``
point\/counterpoint	NNP
''	''
style	NN
session	NN
on	IN
student	NN
expectations	NNS
.	.
Find	VB
out	RP
how	WRB
an	DT
off-site	JJ
two	CD
day	NN
retreat	NN
gave	VBD
direction	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
who	WP
were	VBD
undecided	JJ
in	IN
their	PRP$
career	NN
plans	NNS
.	.
Interactive	JJ
experiences	NNS
used	VBN
to	TO
assist	VB
students	NNS
in	IN
self-reflection	NN
will	MD
be	VB
covered	VBN
.	.
Included	VBN
will	MD
be	VB
a	DT
discussion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
collaborative	JJ
planning	NN
efforts	NNS
of	IN
three	CD
departments	NNS
in	IN
Pitt	NNP
's	POS
Division	NN
of	IN
Student	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
.	.
Explore	VB
the	DT
factors	NNS
influencing	VBG
search	NN
committee	NN
decisions	NNS
and	CC
hiring	VBG
authorities	NNS
requirements	NNS
for	IN
key	JJ
career	NN
services	NNS
positions	NNS
in	IN
today	NN
's	POS
market	NN
.	.
Discuss	VB
the	DT
future	NN
of	IN
the	DT
profession	NN
and	CC
how	WRB
this	DT
will	MD
shape	VB
the	DT
profile	NN
of	IN
a	DT
successful	JJ
leader	NN
in	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
to	TO
come	VB
.	.
Employers	NNS
will	MD
learn	VB
which	WDT
visas	NN
are	VBP
available	JJ
for	IN
hiring	VBG
foreign	JJ
grads	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
costs	NNS
,	,
timing	NN
,	,
and	CC
employer	NN
obligations	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
will	MD
pick	VB
up	RP
information	NN
to	TO
educate	VB
foreign	JJ
grads	NNS
on	IN
strategies	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
jobs	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
session	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
updated	VBN
information	NN
available	JJ
,	,
making	VBG
it	PRP
valuable	JJ
even	RB
for	IN
those	DT
who	WP
have	VBP
seen	VBN
participated	VBD
in	IN
work	NN
visa	NN
seminars	NNS
already	RB
.	.
Marilyn	NNP
Mayo	NNP
,	,
IBM	NNP
;	:
Patricia	NNP
Jones	NNP
,	,
University	NNP
of	IN
Michigan	NNP
,	,
Dearborn	NNP
Learn	NNP
how	WRB
to	TO
identify	VB
specific	JJ
benefits	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
co-op	NN
or	CC
internship	NN
program	NN
and	CC
gain	VB
a	DT
better	JJR
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services-employer	NN
relationships	NNS
in	IN
these	DT
programs	NNS
.	.
Come	VBN
hear	VBP
best	JJS
practices	NNS
,	,
share	NN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
,	,
and	CC
leave	VBP
with	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
great	JJ
ideas	NNS
for	IN
your	PRP$
own	JJ
organization	NN
.	.
Assessing	VBG
student	NN
learning	VBG
provides	VBZ
career	NN
services	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
critical	JJ
measure	NN
of	IN
program	NN
success	NN
.	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
write	VB
student	NN
learning	VBG
outcomes	NNS
,	,
develop	VB
measurement	NN
strategies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
use	VB
your	PRP$
results	NNS
to	TO
improve	VB
programs	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
.	.
Explore	VB
how	WRB
one	CD
career	NN
center	NN
took	VBD
an	DT
honest	JJ
look	NN
at	IN
their	PRP$
multicultural	JJ
competence	NN
.	.
Share	NN
activities	NNS
that	WDT
define	VBP
multicultural	JJ
competence	NN
,	,
examine	VBP
qualitative\/quantitative	JJ
data	NNS
from	IN
client	NN
evaluations	NNS
and	CC
counselor	NN
self-assessments	NNS
,	,
and	CC
hear	VB
anecdotes	NNS
demonstrating	VBG
multicultural	JJ
competence	NN
best	JJS
practices	NNS
.	.
What	WP
is	VBZ
public	JJ
service	NN
?	.
Who	WP
fits	VBZ
well	RB
into	IN
this	DT
type	NN
of	IN
workplace	NN
?	.
How	WRB
do	VBP
nonprofits	NNS
make	VBP
hiring	VBG
decisions	NNS
?	.
Discover	NNP
what	WP
public	JJ
service	NN
careers	NNS
entail	VB
and	CC
learn	VB
to	TO
use	VB
this	DT
information	NN
in	IN
your	PRP$
work	NN
with	IN
students	NNS
.	.
Explore	VB
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
responsible	JJ
decision-making	NN
within	IN
the	DT
political	JJ
context	NN
of	IN
an	DT
institution	NN
.	.
Nationally-known	JJ
career	NN
center	NN
directors	NNS
will	MD
present	VB
case	NN
studies	NNS
,	,
allowing	VBG
participants	NNS
hands-on	JJ
analysis	NN
in	IN
small	JJ
director-led	JJ
groups	NNS
.	.
Participants	NNS
will	MD
develop	VB
a	DT
paradigm	NN
for	IN
decision-making	NN
within	IN
the	DT
political	JJ
environments	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
institutions	NNS
.	.
Review	NNP
and	CC
discuss	VB
the	DT
elements	NNS
you	PRP
should	MD
consider	VB
to	TO
determine	VB
your	PRP$
vision	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
college	NN
hiring	VBG
activities	NNS
and	CC
your	PRP$
work	NN
force	NN
needs	NNS
.	.
Then	RB
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
's	POS
needs	NNS
,	,
develop	VB
a	DT
school	NN
analysis	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
in	IN
the	DT
selection	NN
of	IN
schools	NNS
and	CC
create	VB
metrics	NNS
to	TO
measure	VB
the	DT
success	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
recruiting	NN
program	NN
.	.
Customer	NN
service	NN
matters	NNS
.	.
Excellent	JJ
customer	NN
service	NN
helps	VBZ
develop	VB
critical	JJ
,	,
profitable	JJ
relationships	NNS
and	CC
increases	NNS
your	PRP$
market	NN
share	NN
with	IN
students	NNS
,	,
organizations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
stakeholders	NNS
on	IN
campus	NN
.	.
Learn	VB
why	WRB
customer	NN
service	NN
is	VBZ
critical	JJ
and	CC
pick	VB
up	RP
strategies	NNS
to	TO
develop	VB
loyalty	NN
while	IN
advancing	VBG
your	PRP$
organizational	JJ
goals	NNS
in	IN
targeted	JJ
customer	NN
services	NNS
terms	NNS
.	.
What	WP
is	VBZ
the	DT
job	NN
market	NN
like	IN
in	IN
Japan	NNP
?	.
In	IN
Europe	NNP
?	.
In	IN
Australia	NNP
?	.
Take	VB
a	DT
look	NN
at	IN
global	JJ
hiring	NN
trends	NNS
,	,
with	IN
discussion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
similarities	NNS
and	CC
differences	NNS
in	IN
various	JJ
international	JJ
locations	NNS
.	.
Hear	VB
a	DT
panel	NN
of	IN
colleagues	NNS
from	IN
around	IN
the	DT
world	NN
discuss	VB
international	JJ
internships	NNS
,	,
sourcing	VBG
international	JJ
candidates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
Hear	VB
about	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
global	JJ
study	NN
that	WDT
followed	VBD
125,000	CD
students	NNS
for	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
.	.
What	WP
were	VBD
their	PRP$
career	NN
aspirations-and	JJ
how	WRB
did	VBD
their	PRP$
decisions	NNS
change	VBP
over	IN
time	NN
.	.
Who	WP
and	CC
what	WP
influences	VBZ
them	PRP
.	.
Presenters	NNS
will	MD
review	VB
their	PRP$
methodologies	NNS
and	CC
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
fascinating	JJ
results	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
study	NN
.	.
Some	DT
students	NNS
seek	VBP
internship	NN
credit	NN
but	CC
are	VBP
unable	JJ
to	TO
receive	VB
credit	NN
from	IN
their	PRP$
department	NN
.	.
University	NNP
of	IN
Nebraska-Lincoln	NNP
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
offers	VBZ
a	DT
variable	JJ
credit	NN
hour	NN
internship	NN
course	NN
taught	VBD
via	IN
distance	NN
education	NN
.	.
Prepare	VB
for	IN
the	DT
top	JJ
10	CD
emerging	VBG
business	NN
trends	NNS
affecting	VBG
both	DT
global	JJ
and	CC
local	JJ
markets	NNS
!	.
By	IN
understanding	VBG
their	PRP$
impact	NN
on	IN
the	DT
job	NN
market	NN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
best	RB
serve	VB
new	JJ
grads	NNS
,	,
train	NN
your	PRP$
staff	NN
,	,
and	CC
attract	VB
recruiters	NNS
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
dynamic	JJ
session	NN
you	PRP
'll	MD
gain	VB
insights	NNS
into	IN
these	DT
vital	JJ
trends	NNS
and	CC
see	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
put	VB
those	DT
insights	NNS
into	IN
use	NN
right	RB
away	RB
.	.
This	DT
up-to-the-minute	JJ
presentation	NN
will	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
plan	VBP
for	IN
the	DT
present	JJ
and	CC
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
Two-year	JJ
college	NN
students	NNS
can	MD
meet	VB
your	PRP$
critical	JJ
needs	NNS
,	,
reduce	VB
turnover	NN
,	,
decrease	NN
recruiting	NN
headaches	NNS
and	CC
replace	VB
retiring	VBG
employees	NNS
.	.
Two-year	JJ
college	NN
students	NNS
are	VBP
your	PRP$
next	JJ
generation	NN
of	IN
talent	NN
.	.
Join	VB
this	DT
interactive	JJ
,	,
multimedia	NNS
presentation	NN
and	CC
discussion	NN
on	IN
developing	VBG
recruitment	NN
programs	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
skills	NNS
,	,
fit	NN
,	,
and	CC
talent	NN
.	.
The	DT
Stony	NNP
Brook	NNP
University	NNP
Career	NNP
Center	NNP
's	POS
credit	NN
internship	NN
program	NN
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
corporate	JJ
model	NN
,	,
provides	VBZ
opportunities	NNS
in	IN
counseling	NN
,	,
marketing\/graphics	NNS
,	,
human	JJ
resources	NNS
,	,
communications	NNS
,	,
and	CC
technology	NN
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
share	VB
our	PRP$
program	NN
's	POS
design	NN
:	:
intern	NN
orientation	NN
and	CC
training	NN
,	,
professional	JJ
development	NN
activities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
ongoing	JJ
staff	NN
responsibilities	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
how	WRB
we	PRP
involve	VBP
faculty	NN
and	CC
employers	NNS
.	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
redefine	VB
diversity	NN
as	IN
a	DT
change	NN
management	NN
process	NN
linked	VBN
to	TO
business	NN
strategy	NN
and	CC
organizational	JJ
culture	NN
.	.
Discover	NNP
which	WDT
qualities	NNS
will	MD
make	VB
a	DT
company	NN
an	DT
``	``
employer	NN
of	IN
choice	NN
''	''
in	IN
the	DT
competition	NN
for	IN
talent	NN
in	IN
a	DT
work	NN
force	NN
where	WRB
70	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
entrants	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
minorities	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
?	.
Moving	VBG
beyond	IN
a	DT
transactional	JJ
relationship	NN
towards	IN
a	DT
strategic	JJ
partnership	NN
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
to	TO
success	NN
.	.
Employers	NNS
:	:
learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
distinguish	VB
your	PRP$
company	NN
with	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
to	TO
improve	VB
your	PRP$
recruiting	NN
results	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
:	:
see	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
distinguish	VB
your	PRP$
school	NN
with	IN
employers	NNS
to	TO
become	VB
a	DT
preferred	JJ
source	NN
of	IN
candidates	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
``	``
Tier	NNP
One	CD
''	''
school	NN
.	.
Join	VB
corporate	JJ
and	CC
career	NN
center	NN
colleagues	NNS
for	IN
an	DT
informal	JJ
discussion	NN
on	IN
best	JJS
practices	NNS
in	IN
on-campus	JJ
diversity	NN
recruiting	NN
,	,
interviews	NNS
,	,
mentorship	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
training	NN
.	.
This	DT
session	NN
will	MD
discuss	VB
new	JJ
trends	NNS
while	IN
also	RB
highlighting	VBG
proven	JJ
methods	NNS
for	IN
recruiting	NN
and	CC
retaining	VBG
diverse	JJ
talent	NN
.	.
In	IN
today	NN
's	POS
changing	VBG
world	NN
,	,
what	WP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
?	.
Strategic	NNP
partnerships	NNS
,	,
innovative	JJ
concepts	NNS
,	,
and	CC
students	NNS
'	POS
awareness	NN
of	IN
the	DT
ever	RB
changing	VBG
world	NN
they	PRP
live	VBP
in	IN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
NYU	NNP
Center	NNP
for	IN
Career	NNP
Development	NNP
has	VBZ
strategically	RB
partnered	VBN
with	IN
The	DT
New	NNP
York	NNP
Times	NNP
to	TO
create	VB
innovative	JJ
co-curricular	JJ
,	,
peer-to-peer	JJ
programming	NN
.	.
This	DT
partnership	NN
has	VBZ
increased	VBN
newspaper	NN
readership	NN
and	CC
created	VBN
widespread	JJ
branding	NN
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
Times	NNP
while	IN
fostering	VBG
the	DT
understanding	NN
,	,
through	IN
the	DT
unique	JJ
lens	NN
of	IN
peer	VB
education	NN
as	IN
a	DT
means	NN
of	IN
career	NN
development	NN
,	,
that	IN
knowledge	NN
of	IN
current	JJ
political	JJ
and	CC
economic	JJ
issues	NNS
is	VBZ
paramount	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
millennial	JJ
job-search	JJ
climate	NN
.	.
Learn	VB
to	TO
define	VB
and	CC
identify	VB
components	NNS
of	IN
career	NN
information	NN
literacy	NN
;	:
plan	NN
collaborations	NNS
with	IN
librarians	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
campus	NN
professionals	NNS
for	IN
improving	VBG
students	NNS
'	POS
career	NN
information	NN
literacy	NN
;	:
design	NN
assignments	NNS
for	IN
assessing	VBG
students	NNS
'	POS
career	NN
information	NN
literacy	NN
;	:
and	CC
develop	VB
and	CC
deliver	VB
a	DT
collaborative	NN
,	,
interactive	JJ
career	NN
development	NN
course	NN
;	:
and	CC
gather	VB
strategies	NNS
for	IN
building	VBG
relationships	NNS
with	IN
campus	NN
librarians	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
increase	VB
students	NNS
'	POS
career	NN
development	NN
.	.
What	WP
are	VBP
the	DT
unique	JJ
career	NN
development	NN
needs	NNS
of	IN
graduate	NN
students	NNS
and	CC
how	WRB
can	MD
we	PRP
best	JJS
meet	VBP
them	PRP
?	.
This	DT
session	NN
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
experiences	NNS
at	IN
Syracuse	NNP
and	CC
Columbia	NNP
universities	NNS
,	,
addresses	NNS
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
effective	JJ
collaborations	NNS
with	IN
critical	JJ
stakeholders	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
design	NN
,	,
expand	VB
,	,
and	CC
market	NN
valuable	JJ
programs	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
graduate	NN
population	NN
.	.
Lynda	NNP
Weatherman	NNP
,	,
Economic	NNP
Development	NNP
Commission	NNP
of	IN
Florida	NNP
's	POS
Space	NNP
Coast	NNP
With	IN
employers	NNS
facing	VBG
intense	JJ
competition	NN
for	IN
qualified	VBN
talent	NN
,	,
today	NN
's	POS
economic	JJ
development	NN
organizations	NNS
are	VBP
embracing	VBG
new	JJ
initiatives	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
a	DT
skilled	JJ
work	NN
force	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
for	IN
local	JJ
employers	NNS
.	.
Find	VB
out	RP
how	WRB
to	TO
engage	VB
your	PRP$
local	JJ
economic	JJ
development	NN
commission	NN
,	,
establish	VB
partnerships	NNS
,	,
and	CC
develop	VB
programs	NNS
to	TO
recruit	VB
and	CC
retain	VB
young	JJ
professionals	NNS
and	CC
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
.	.
Employers	NNS
and	CC
colleges	NNS
are	VBP
interested	JJ
in	IN
students	NNS
;	:
college	NN
want	VBP
to	TO
train	VB
students	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
world	NN
of	IN
work	NN
;	:
employers	NNS
want	VBP
to	TO
recruit	VB
them	PRP
.	.
Explore	VB
successful	JJ
partnership	NN
activities	NNS
among	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
employers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
students	NNS
.	.
Examples	NNS
provided	VBD
for	IN
how	WRB
employers	NNS
and	CC
colleges	NNS
can	MD
work	VB
together	RB
to	TO
enhance	VB
the	DT
employer	NN
presence	NN
while	IN
helping	VBG
career	NN
centers	NNS
augment	VBP
programming	VBG
to	TO
students	NNS
to	TO
advance	VB
career	NN
knowledge	NN
.	.
Working	VBG
Overseas	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
will	MD
outline	VB
for	IN
college	NN
career	NN
counselors	NNS
the	DT
step-by-step	JJ
strategies	NNS
required	VBN
for	IN
building	VBG
an	DT
international	JJ
career	NN
and	CC
finding	VBG
an	DT
international	JJ
job	NN
after	IN
graduation	NN
.	.
Learn	VB
about	IN
``	``
The	DT
Ideal	NNP
International	NNP
Profile	NNP
,	,
''	''
your	PRP$
``	``
International	NNP
IQ	NNP
,	,
''	''
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
Walk	VB
away	RP
with	IN
``	``
Quick	NNP
Reference	NNP
Cards	NNP
''	''
that	WDT
will	MD
help	VB
your	PRP$
students	NNS
interested	JJ
in	IN
international	JJ
assignments	NNS
.	.
Take	VB
a	DT
look	NN
at	IN
recruiting	NN
and	CC
hiring	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
perspective	NN
of	IN
nonprofit	JJ
employers	NNS
:	:
How	WRB
do	VBP
nonprofits	NNS
recruit	VB
?	.
What	WP
do	VBP
they	PRP
look	VB
for	IN
when	WRB
they	PRP
hire	VBP
?	.
Then	RB
,	,
use	VB
this	DT
information	NN
to	TO
bring	VB
nonprofit	JJ
organizations	NNS
to	TO
your	PRP$
campus	NN
,	,
create	VB
strong	JJ
long-term	JJ
partnerships	NNS
with	IN
groups	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
community	NN
and	CC
elsewhere	RB
,	,
and	CC
advise	VB
students	NNS
on	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
market	VB
themselves	PRP
to	TO
a	DT
nonprofit	JJ
.	.
In	IN
2003	CD
,	,
the	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
CEO	NNP
wanted	VBD
recruiters	NNS
to	TO
hire	VB
new	JJ
college	NN
grads	NNS
and	CC
interns	NNS
and	CC
created	VBD
a	DT
brand	NN
new	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
new	JJ
grads	NNS
based	VBN
global	JJ
university	NN
relations	NNS
program	NN
.	.
Share	NN
the	DT
strategies	NNS
,	,
successes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
challenges	NNS
this	DT
organization	NN
has	VBZ
faced	VBN
over	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
four	CD
years	NNS
as	IN
the	DT
program	NN
developed	VBN
.	.
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NACE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
the	DT
association	NN
for	IN
human	JJ
resources	NNS
and	CC
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
.	.
As	IN
members	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
abide	VBP
by	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
,	,
an	DT
ethics	NNS
document	VBP
that	IN
serves	VBZ
as	IN
the	DT
framework	NN
and	CC
foundation	NN
for	IN
practices	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
career	NN
planning	NN
,	,
placement	NN
,	,
and	CC
recruitment	NN
processes	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Principles	NNPS
document	NN
tells	VBZ
us	PRP
that	IN
serving	VBG
alcohol	NN
to	TO
job	NN
candidates	NNS
is	VBZ
inappropriate	JJ
and	CC
inadvisable	JJ
.	.
The	DT
principle	NN
states	VBZ
``	``
Serving	VBG
alcohol	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
on	IN
or	CC
off	IN
campus	NN
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
receptions	NNS
,	,
dinners	NNS
,	,
company	NN
tours	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
''	''
That	DT
means	VBZ
,	,
having	VBG
an	DT
open	JJ
bar	NN
,	,
a	DT
paid	VBN
bar	NN
,	,
or	CC
holding	VBG
a	DT
recruiting	NN
event	NN
in	IN
a	DT
bar	NN
is	VBZ
inappropriate	JJ
.	.
Given	VBN
the	DT
whole	JJ
notion	NN
of	IN
alcohol	NN
abuse	NN
and	CC
the	DT
problems	NNS
college	NN
campuses	NNS
are	VBP
having	VBG
with	IN
alcohol	NN
among	IN
students	NNS
,	,
serving	VBG
alcohol	NN
at	IN
a	DT
reception	NN
is	VBZ
sending	VBG
the	DT
wrong	JJ
message	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
many	JJ
college	NN
students	NNS
are	VBP
younger	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
state	NN
's	POS
drinking	NN
age	NN
,	,
and	CC
many	JJ
college	NN
campuses	NNS
now	RB
have	VBP
a	DT
zero-alcohol-tolerance	NN
policy	NN
in	IN
effect	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
serving	VBG
alcohol	NN
could	MD
be	VB
in	IN
violation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
state	NN
's	POS
law	NN
and	CC
a	DT
school	NN
's	POS
policy	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
read	VB
the	DT
history	NN
of	IN
why	WRB
this	DT
principle	NN
is	VBZ
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
document	NN
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
read	VB
an	DT
article	NN
composed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
Committee	NNP
on	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
at	IN
www.naceweb.org/about/legal98sm.html	CD
.	.
The	DT
NACE	NNP
College\/University	NNP
Interview	NNP
Form	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
employers	NNS
and	CC
colleges	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
generic	JJ
and	CC
uniform	JJ
interview	NN
scheduling	NN
form	NN
.	.
Please	VB
feel	VB
free	JJ
to	TO
print	VB
the	DT
form	NN
from	IN
NACEWeb	NNP
or	CC
to	TO
download	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
your	PRP$
computer	NN
.	.
Please	VB
read	VB
over	IN
the	DT
tips	NNS
provided	VBN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
use	VBP
the	DT
form	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
fullest	JJS
potential	NN
.	.
Because	IN
some	DT
schools	NNS
charge	VBP
employers	NNS
to	TO
send	VB
resumes	NNS
,	,
resume	VB
books	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
requested	VBN
materials	NNS
,	,
the	DT
form	NN
includes	VBZ
a	DT
space	NN
for	IN
you	PRP
to	TO
specify	VB
your	PRP$
overnight	JJ
carrier	NN
of	IN
choice	NN
and	CC
your	PRP$
account	NN
number	NN
with	IN
the	DT
carrier	NN
.	.
The	DT
NACE	NNP
Legal	NNP
Department	NNP
developed	VBD
the	DT
following	JJ
article	NN
to	TO
respond	VB
to	TO
inquiries	NNS
from	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
and	CC
employers	NNS
about	IN
placement\/credential	JJ
files	NNS
and	CC
reference	NN
letters	NNS
.	.
The	DT
article	NN
summarizes	VBZ
the	DT
key	JJ
points	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Family	NNP
Education	NNP
Rights	NNPS
and	CC
Privacy	NNP
Act	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FERPA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
FERPA	NNP
requires	VBZ
federally	RB
funded	VBN
academic	JJ
institutions	NNS
to	TO
obtain	VB
student	NN
consent	NN
before	IN
disclosing	VBG
personally	RB
identifiable	JJ
information	NN
in	IN
students	NNS
education	NN
records	NNS
to	TO
third	JJ
parties	NNS
.	.
Disclosure	NN
pertains	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
hand	NN
delivery	NN
,	,
mail	NN
,	,
fax	NN
,	,
or	CC
electronic	JJ
transmission	NN
of	IN
information	NN
,	,
including	VBG
access	NN
to	TO
career	NN
services	NNS
data	NNS
bases	NNS
of	IN
student	NN
resumes	NNS
.	.
A	DT
third	JJ
party	NN
is	VBZ
any	DT
individual	JJ
or	CC
organization	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
the	DT
student	NN
or	CC
his\/her	NN
parents	NNS
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
FERPA	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
specify	VB
a	DT
time	NN
period	NN
for	IN
retaining	VBG
credential\/placement	NN
files	NNS
or	CC
reference	NN
letters	NNS
.	.
The	DT
law	NN
merely	RB
provides	VBZ
that	IN
an	DT
education	NN
record	NN
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
destroyed	VBN
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
an	DT
outstanding	JJ
student	NN
request	NN
to	TO
inspect	VB
the	DT
file	NN
.	.
The	DT
school	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
discretion	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
record	NN
retention	NN
policy	NN
and	CC
communicate	VBP
that	IN
policy	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
policy	NN
should	MD
include	VB
a	DT
deadline	NN
by	IN
which	WDT
students\/alumni	NNS
must	MD
respond	VB
if	IN
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
wish	VB
to	TO
have	VB
their	PRP$
files	NNS
destroyed	VBN
.	.
Once	RB
the	DT
deadline	NN
has	VBZ
passed	VBN
,	,
and	CC
there	EX
has	VBZ
been	VBN
no	DT
request	NN
for	IN
retention	NN
,	,
the	DT
records	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
destroyed	VBN
.	.
Obtain	VB
signed	VBN
,	,
written	VBN
consent	NN
from	IN
a	DT
student	NN
before	IN
a	DT
school	NN
official	NN
,	,
administrator	NN
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
staff	NN
member	NN
,	,
or	CC
faculty	NN
member	NN
releases	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
orally	RB
or	CC
in	IN
writing	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
personally	RB
identifiable	JJ
information	NN
to	TO
an	DT
employer	NN
,	,
third-party	JJ
recruiter	NN
,	,
or	CC
resume	VB
referral	NN
data	NNS
base	NN
.	.
Remind	VB
faculty	NN
members	NNS
that	IN
,	,
under	IN
the	DT
law	NN
,	,
they	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
communicate	VB
information	NN
about	IN
students	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
recommendations	NNS
,	,
academic	JJ
transcripts	NNS
,	,
and	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
academic	JJ
information	NN
,	,
without	IN
first	JJ
receiving	VBG
student	NN
consent	NN
.	.
Notify	VB
employers	NNS
,	,
employment	NN
agencies\/contract	JJ
recruiters	NNS
,	,
resume	VB
data	NNS
bases	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
entities	NNS
that	WDT
student	NN
records	NNS
are	VBP
subject	JJ
to	TO
FERPA	NNP
,	,
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
redisclosed	VBN
without	IN
student	NN
consent	NN
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
improper	JJ
redisclosure	NN
will	MD
result	VB
in	IN
denial	NN
of	IN
access	NN
to	TO
those	DT
records	NNS
for	IN
five	CD
years	NNS
.	.
Determine	NN
,	,
clearly	RB
define	VB
,	,
and	CC
communicate	VBP
to	TO
students	NNS
what	WDT
information	NN
will	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
directory	NN
information	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
deadline	NN
to	TO
notify	VB
the	DT
school	NN
if	IN
they	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
restrict	VB
access	NN
to	TO
this	DT
type	NN
of	IN
information	NN
.	.
Note	VB
that	DT
FERPA	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
address	VB
the	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
placing	VBG
amended	VBN
letters	NNS
of	IN
recommendation	NN
into	IN
students	NNS
files	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
educational	JJ
institution	NN
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
establishing	VBG
and	CC
consistently	RB
enforcing	VBG
its	PRP$
own	JJ
policy	NN
on	IN
this	DT
issue	NN
.	.
The	DT
employment	NN
reference	NN
,	,
or	CC
recommendation	NN
,	,
has	VBZ
traditionally	RB
been	VBN
considered	VBN
an	DT
important	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
college	NN
recruiting	NN
process	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
directors	NNS
encourage	VBP
,	,
and	CC
in	IN
many	JJ
cases	NNS
require	VBP
,	,
that	IN
graduating	VBG
students	NNS
include	VBP
reference	NN
letters	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
credential\/employment	NN
files	NNS
as	IN
further	JJ
documentation	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
credentials	NNS
,	,
motivation	NN
,	,
and	CC
overall	JJ
employment	NN
skills	NNS
.	.
Employers	NNS
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
hand	NN
,	,
often	RB
review	NN
reference	NN
letters	NNS
and	CC
conduct	VB
reference	NN
checks	NNS
to	TO
verify	VB
a	DT
graduate	NN
's	POS
background	NN
and	CC
qualifications	NNS
.	.
Until	IN
the	DT
early	JJ
1980s	CD
,	,
employment	NN
references	NNS
served	VBD
their	PRP$
purpose	NN
relatively	RB
well	RB
.	.
They	PRP
tended	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
candid	JJ
and	CC
were	VBD
sometimes	RB
painfully	RB
honest	JJ
.	.
However	RB
,	,
in	IN
recent	JJ
years	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
administrators	NNS
,	,
and	CC
employers	NNS
have	VBP
grown	VBN
reluctant	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
frank	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
their	PRP$
former	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
employees	NNS
,	,
either	CC
verbally	RB
or	CC
in	IN
writing	VBG
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
another	DT
trend	NN
has	VBZ
emerged	VBN
.	.
There	EX
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
noticeable	JJ
rise	NN
in	IN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
lawsuits	NNS
against	IN
employers	NNS
and	CC
referral	NN
agencies	NNS
for	IN
hiring	VBG
and	CC
referring	VBG
candidates	NNS
who	WP
were	VBD
unfit	JJ
for	IN
their	PRP$
jobs	NNS
and	CC
who	WP
also	RB
harmed	VBD
innocent	JJ
third	JJ
parties	NNS
.	.
Often	RB
,	,
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
these	DT
negligent	JJ
hiring	NN
and	CC
referral	NN
lawsuits	NNS
is	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
or	CC
agency	NN
failed	VBD
to	TO
conduct	VB
a	DT
complete	JJ
reference	NN
check	NN
on	IN
the	DT
candidate	NN
or	CC
misrepresented	VBD
the	DT
qualifications	NNS
and	CC
characteristics	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
candidate	NN
.	.
To	TO
complicate	VB
the	DT
issue	NN
further	RB
,	,
this	DT
``	``
negligence	NN
''	''
results	NNS
,	,
in	IN
part	NN
,	,
from	IN
fear	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
sued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
job	NN
candidate	NN
or	CC
former	JJ
employee	NN
on	IN
the	DT
grounds	NNS
of	IN
invasion	NN
of	IN
privacy	NN
.	.
These	DT
two	CD
trends	NNS
have	VBP
created	VBN
a	DT
new	JJ
dilemma	NN
in	IN
employment	NN
law	NN
.	.
Simply	RB
stated	VBN
,	,
how	WRB
can	MD
employers	NNS
conduct	VB
a	DT
thorough	JJ
reference	NN
check	NN
when	WRB
reference	NN
givers	NNS
are	VBP
increasingly	RB
apprehensive	JJ
about	IN
providing	VBG
candid	JJ
reference	NN
information	NN
?	.
This	DT
brief	NN
,	,
Writing	VBG
Reference	NNP
Letters	NNS
,	,
outlines	VBZ
the	DT
law	NN
regarding	VBG
references	NNS
,	,
gives	VBZ
tips	NNS
on	IN
preparing	VBG
references	NNS
,	,
and	CC
provides	VBZ
samples	NNS
of	IN
reference	NN
letters	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
information	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
properly	RB
be	VB
released	VBN
during	IN
a	DT
reference	NN
check	NN
.	.
I	PRP
have	VBP
known	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
name	NN
of	IN
student	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
the	DT
past	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
number	NN
of	IN
months	NNS
,	,
semesters	NNS
,	,
years	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
as	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
he\/she	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
has	VBZ
taken	VBN
the	DT
following	VBG
courses	NNS
which	WDT
I	PRP
teach	VBP
:	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
list	NN
courses	NNS
,	,
give	VBP
brief	JJ
description	NN
of	IN
content	NN
of	IN
course	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
As	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
his\/her	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
professor	NN
,	,
I	PRP
have	VBP
had	VBD
an	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
observe	VB
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
participation	NN
and	CC
interaction	NN
in	IN
class	NN
and	CC
to	TO
evaluate	VB
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
knowledge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
subject	JJ
matter	NN
.	.
I	PRP
would	MD
rate	VB
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
overall	JJ
performance	NN
in	IN
these	DT
subjects	NNS
as	IN
average	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
evidenced	VBN
by	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
his\/her	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
grades	NNS
--	:
-LRB-	-LRB-
state	NN
the	DT
grades	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Act	NNP
of	IN
1974	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
FERPA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
name	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
college\/university	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
may	MD
not	RB
disclose	VB
personally	RB
identifiable	JJ
information	NN
from	IN
my	PRP$
education	NN
record	NN
to	TO
third	JJ
parties	NNS
without	IN
my	PRP$
signed	VBN
written	VBN
consent	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
understand	VBP
that	IN
I	PRP
can	MD
revoke	VB
this	DT
consent	NN
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
with	IN
a	DT
written	VBN
and	CC
signed	VBN
revocation	NN
.	.
I	PRP
authorize	VBP
the	DT
director	NN
and	CC
staff	NN
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
at	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
name	NN
of	IN
college\/university	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
disclose	VB
by	IN
mail	NN
,	,
fax	NN
,	,
e-mail	NN
,	,
Internet	NNP
,	,
or	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
means	NNS
,	,
my	PRP$
resume\/credential	JJ
file	NN
and	CC
any	DT
other	JJ
files	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
me	PRP
to	TO
third-party	JJ
recruiters	NNS
who	WP
may	MD
,	,
in	IN
turn	NN
,	,
forward	RB
my	PRP$
resume	VB
to	TO
interested	JJ
employers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Family	NNP
Education	NNP
Rights	NNPS
and	CC
Privacy	NNP
Act	NNP
of	IN
1974	CD
opens	VBZ
many	JJ
student	NN
records	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
inspection	NN
.	.
The	DT
law	NN
also	RB
permits	VBZ
the	DT
student	NN
to	TO
sign	VB
a	DT
waiver	NN
relinquishing	VBG
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
inspect	VB
letters	NNS
of	IN
recommendation	NN
.	.
The	DT
applicant	NN
's	POS
signature	NN
below	IN
constitutes	VBZ
a	DT
waiver	NN
;	:
no	DT
signature	NN
means	VBZ
the	DT
student	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
read	VB
his\/her	JJR
references	NNS
.	.
There	EX
have	VBP
been	VBN
few	JJ
court	NN
decisions	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
Family	NNP
Education	NNP
Rights	NNPS
and	CC
Privacy	NNP
Act	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FERPA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
since	IN
its	PRP$
passage	NN
in	IN
1974	CD
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Supreme	NNP
Court	NNP
issued	VBD
two	CD
decisions	NNS
this	DT
year	NN
within	IN
four	CD
months	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
involving	VBG
alleged	VBN
violations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
law	NN
,	,
which	WDT
prohibits	VBZ
the	DT
release	NN
of	IN
a	DT
student	NN
's	POS
education	NN
records	NNS
without	IN
the	DT
consent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
or	CC
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
parent	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
the	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
minor	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
question	NN
before	IN
the	DT
Court	NNP
was	VBD
whether	IN
the	DT
assignment	NN
and	CC
resulting	VBG
grade	NN
should	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
an	DT
``	``
education	NN
record	NN
''	''
maintained	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
Court	NNP
responded	VBD
unanimously	RB
that	IN
neither	CC
the	DT
assignment	NN
nor	CC
the	DT
grade	NN
constituted	VBD
an	DT
education	NN
record	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
the	DT
disclosure	NN
of	IN
grades	NNS
that	WDT
occurs	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
peer	VB
grading	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
unlawful	JJ
.	.
The	DT
relevance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
decision	NN
to	TO
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
is	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
Court	NNP
's	POS
discussion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
term	NN
``	``
education	NN
record	NN
.	.
''	''
FERPA	NNP
defines	VBZ
an	DT
``	``
education	NN
record	NN
''	''
as	IN
``	``
records	NNS
,	,
files	NNS
,	,
documents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
materials	NNS
''	''
containing	VBG
information	NN
directly	RB
related	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
student	NN
that	IN
``	``
are	VBP
maintained	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
educational	JJ
agency	NN
or	CC
institution	NN
or	CC
by	IN
a	DT
person	NN
acting	VBG
for	IN
such	JJ
agency	NN
or	CC
institution	NN
.	.
''	''
The	DT
Court	NNP
noted	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
word	NN
``	``
maintained	VBD
''	''
suggests	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
record	NN
is	VBZ
kept	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
``	``
filing	NN
cabinet	NN
in	IN
a	DT
records	NNS
room	NN
at	IN
the	DT
school	NN
''	''
or	CC
on	IN
a	DT
``	``
permanent	JJ
secure	JJ
data	NNS
base	NN
.	.
''	''
Moreover	RB
,	,
the	DT
Court	NNP
stated	VBD
,	,
``	``
By	IN
describing	VBG
a	DT
school	NN
official	NN
and	CC
his	PRP$
assistant	NN
as	IN
the	DT
personnel	NNS
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
custody	NN
of	IN
records	NNS
,	,
FERPA	NNP
implies	VBZ
that	IN
education	NN
records	NNS
are	VBP
institutional	JJ
records	NNS
kept	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
single	JJ
central	JJ
custodian	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
registrar	NN
,	,
not	RB
individual	JJ
assignments	NNS
handled	VBN
by	IN
many	JJ
student	NN
graders	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
classrooms	NNS
.	.
''	''
Nor	CC
are	VBP
the	DT
student	NN
graders	NNS
``	``
acting	VBG
for	IN
''	''
the	DT
school	NN
when	WRB
they	PRP
place	VBP
a	DT
grade	NN
on	IN
the	DT
paper	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
student	NN
assignment	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
considered	VBN
an	DT
education	NN
record	NN
because	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
created	VBN
and	CC
controlled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
student	NN
,	,
does	VBZ
that	IN
hold	VBP
true	JJ
for	IN
student-created	JJ
resumes	NNS
?	.
In	IN
other	JJ
words	NNS
,	,
how	WRB
should	MD
career	NN
services	NNS
treat	VB
resumes	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
stored	VBN
in	IN
electronic	JJ
data	NNS
bases	NNS
and	CC
disclosed	VBN
to	TO
employers	NNS
electronically	RB
?	.
Is	VBZ
signed	VBN
written	VBN
consent	NN
necessary	JJ
prior	RB
to	TO
disclosure	NN
or	CC
can	MD
the	DT
resume	VB
be	VB
disclosed	VBN
without	IN
this	DT
form	NN
of	IN
consent	NN
?	.
In	IN
light	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Court	NNP
's	POS
decision	NN
,	,
some	DT
view	NN
education	NN
records	NNS
as	IN
only	JJ
those	DT
records	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
controlled	VBN
and	CC
maintained	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
university	NN
and	CC
have	VBP
an	DT
element	NN
of	IN
permanency	NN
.	.
They	PRP
reason	NN
that	IN
since	IN
a	DT
resume	VB
is	VBZ
created	VBN
and	CC
changed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
discretion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
an	DT
education	NN
record	NN
even	RB
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
stored	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
data	NNS
base	NN
.	.
They	PRP
also	RB
assert	VBP
that	IN
if	IN
the	DT
resume	VB
does	VBZ
not	RB
contain	VB
any	DT
personally	RB
identifiable	JJ
information	NN
such	JJ
as	IN
GPA	NNP
,	,
the	DT
disclosure	NN
requirements	NNS
of	IN
FERPA	NNP
are	VBP
not	RB
applicable	JJ
.	.
Others	NNS
,	,
however	RB
,	,
say	VBP
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
difference	NN
between	IN
storing	VBG
a	DT
student	NN
's	POS
resume	VB
in	IN
an	DT
electronic	JJ
format	NN
or	CC
in	IN
a	DT
file	NN
cabinet	NN
.	.
They	PRP
contend	VBP
that	IN
if	IN
the	DT
student-created	JJ
resume	VB
was	VBD
considered	VBN
an	DT
education	NN
record	NN
on	IN
paper	NN
,	,
should	MD
n't	RB
it	PRP
remain	VBP
so	RB
online	JJ
?	.
Although	IN
the	DT
Supreme	NNP
Court	NNP
specifically	RB
mentioned	VBD
records	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
maintained	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
``	``
permanent	JJ
secure	JJ
database	NN
,	,
''	''
it	PRP
did	VBD
not	RB
address	VB
the	DT
handling	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student-created	JJ
record	NN
once	IN
the	DT
school	NN
stores	NNS
it	PRP
.	.
July	NNP
2	CD
,	,
2001	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
addresses	VBZ
the	DT
question	NN
of	IN
whether	IN
a	DT
student	NN
can	MD
bring	VB
a	DT
lawsuit	NN
for	IN
money	NN
damages	NNS
against	IN
a	DT
school	NN
that	WDT
violates	VBZ
FERPA	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Court	NNP
,	,
in	IN
a	DT
7-2	JJ
decision	NN
,	,
held	VBD
that	IN
FERPA	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
give	VB
individual	JJ
students	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
their	PRP$
parents	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
right	NN
to	TO
sue	VB
the	DT
school	NN
if	IN
the	DT
school	NN
discloses	VBZ
confidential	JJ
student	NN
information	NN
without	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
\/	NN
parent	NN
's	POS
consent	NN
.	.
The	DT
case	NN
involved	VBD
a	DT
lawsuit	NN
filed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
former	JJ
student	NN
who	WP
charged	VBD
that	IN
he	PRP
was	VBD
unable	JJ
to	TO
get	VB
a	DT
teaching	NN
job	NN
because	IN
a	DT
school	NN
official	NN
told	VBD
the	DT
state	NN
's	POS
teacher	NN
certification	NN
office	NN
that	IN
he	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
accused	VBN
of	IN
sexually	RB
assaulting	VBG
another	DT
student	NN
.	.
The	DT
student	NN
claimed	VBD
a	DT
violation	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
FERPA	NNP
rights	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
negligence	NN
and	CC
defamation	NN
.	.
The	DT
lower	JJR
court	NN
awarded	VBD
the	DT
student	NN
monetary	JJ
damages	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
$	$
1.15	CD
million	CD
dollars	NNS
,	,
$	$
450,000	CD
of	IN
which	WDT
were	VBD
for	IN
violations	NNS
of	IN
FERPA	NNP
.	.
After	IN
the	DT
State	NNP
Supreme	NNP
Court	NNP
upheld	VBD
the	DT
award	NN
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
appealed	VBD
the	DT
FERPA	NNP
award	NN
to	TO
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Supreme	NNP
Court	NNP
.	.
In	IN
adopting	VBG
the	DT
law	NN
,	,
the	DT
Court	NNP
said	VBD
that	IN
members	NNS
of	IN
Congress	NNP
intended	VBD
for	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Secretary	NNP
of	IN
Education	NNP
to	TO
enforce	VB
its	PRP$
privacy	NN
provision	NN
by	IN
withholding	VBG
federal	JJ
funds	NNS
to	TO
non-compliant	JJ
institutions	NNS
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
Court	NNP
,	,
FERPA	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
contain	VB
any	DT
``	``
rights-creating	JJ
language	NN
''	''
giving	VBG
students	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
parents	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
sue	VB
institutions	NNS
that	WDT
release	VBP
confidential	JJ
information	NN
without	IN
permission	NN
.	.
Because	IN
the	DT
provisions	NNS
speak	VBP
only	RB
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
institutional	JJ
policy	NN
and	CC
practice	NN
,	,
not	RB
individual	JJ
instances	NNS
of	IN
disclosure	NN
,	,
they	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
provide	VB
grounds	NNS
for	IN
individuals	NNS
to	TO
sue	VB
educational	JJ
institutions	NNS
over	IN
specific	JJ
disclosures	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
who	WP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
forgo	VB
signed	VBN
written	VBN
consent	NN
,	,
as	IN
a	DT
condition	NN
to	TO
disclosure	NN
of	IN
resumes	NNS
or	CC
other	JJ
student	NN
information	NN
,	,
should	MD
review	VB
this	DT
policy	NN
change	NN
with	IN
their	PRP$
university	NN
counsel	NN
.	.
In	IN
light	NN
of	IN
the	DT
recent	JJ
Supreme	NNP
Court	NNP
decisions	NNS
regarding	VBG
FERPA	NNP
,	,
caution	NN
clearly	RB
outweighs	VBZ
convenience	NN
.	.
Your	PRP$
university	NN
's	POS
vice	NN
president	NN
for	IN
student	NN
life	NN
summons	NN
you	PRP
to	TO
meet	VB
with	IN
her	PRP$
and	CC
the	DT
university	NN
's	POS
vice	NN
president	NN
for	IN
institutional	JJ
advancement	NN
.	.
The	DT
vice	NN
president	NN
explains	VBZ
that	IN
Bob	NNP
Grates	NNP
,	,
an	DT
alumnus	NN
of	IN
the	DT
university	NN
,	,
trustee	NN
of	IN
the	DT
board	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
CEO	NNP
of	IN
Nothing	NN
but	CC
Net	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
NBN	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
a	DT
major	JJ
high-technology	NN
company	NN
,	,
has	VBZ
approached	VBN
the	DT
university	NN
.	.
This	DT
company	NN
is	VBZ
interested	JJ
in	IN
a	DT
long-term	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
university	NN
,	,
which	WDT
will	MD
result	VB
in	IN
giving	VBG
NBN	NNP
the	DT
inside	JJ
track	NN
into	IN
the	DT
university	NN
's	POS
``	``
best	JJS
and	CC
brightest	JJS
''	''
computer	NN
science	NN
and	CC
M.I.S.	NNP
graduates	NNS
.	.
NBN	NNP
proposes	VBZ
to	TO
finance	VB
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
technology	NN
needs	VBZ
for	IN
your	PRP$
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
for	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
10	CD
years	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
provide	VB
a	DT
sizeable	JJ
endowment	NN
for	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
.	.
The	DT
company	NN
will	MD
also	RB
fund	VB
scholarships	NNS
and	CC
faculty	NN
research	NN
.	.
In	IN
exchange	NN
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
will	MD
be	VB
renamed	VBN
the	DT
``	``
NBN	NNP
Career	NNP
Center	NNP
''	''
and	CC
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
director	NN
is	VBZ
expected	VBN
to	TO
place	VB
the	DT
NBN	NNP
logo	NN
on	IN
all	DT
of	IN
his	PRP$
office	NN
's	POS
publications	NNS
and	CC
on	IN
the	DT
office	NN
's	POS
web	NN
site	NN
.	.
NBN	NNP
will	MD
have	VB
permission	NN
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
University	NNP
's	POS
logo	NN
on	IN
its	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
NBN	NNP
will	MD
have	VB
first	JJ
option	NN
regarding	VBG
on-campus	JJ
recruiting	NN
dates	NNS
and	CC
table	NN
locations	NNS
at	IN
job	NN
fairs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
permitted	VBN
to	TO
sponsor	VB
an	DT
exclusive	JJ
minority	NN
internship	NN
for	IN
African-Americans	NNPS
only	RB
.	.
The	DT
VP	NNP
for	IN
institutional	JJ
advancement	NN
obviously	RB
is	VBZ
ecstatic	JJ
about	IN
this	DT
and	CC
hopes	VBZ
that	IN
you	PRP
will	MD
work	VB
with	IN
Mr.	NNP
Grates	NNP
to	TO
meet	VB
his	PRP$
requirements	NNS
.	.
Specifically	RB
,	,
``	``
if	IN
employer	NN
funds	NNS
provide	VBP
greater	JJR
prominence	NN
to	TO
the	DT
names	NNS
and	CC
opportunities	NNS
of	IN
specific	JJ
organizations	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
industries	NNS
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
has	VBZ
an	DT
obligation	NN
to	TO
make	VB
every	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
students	NNS
not	RB
interested	JJ
in	IN
these	DT
specific	JJ
organizations	NNS
or	CC
industries	NNS
with	IN
contact	NN
and\/or	CC
information	NN
about	IN
alternate	JJ
employers	NNS
in	IN
keeping	VBG
with	IN
their	PRP$
needs	NNS
and	CC
interests	NNS
''	''
.	.
From	IN
an	DT
ethical	JJ
perspective	NN
,	,
what	WP
Mr.	NNP
Grates	NNP
is	VBZ
proposing	VBG
is	VBZ
essentially	RB
buying	VBG
access	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
.	.
Principle	NN
4	CD
states	NNS
:	:
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
shall	MD
provide	VB
generally	RB
comparable	JJ
services	NNS
to	TO
all	DT
employers	NNS
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
whether	IN
the	DT
employers	NNS
contribute	VBP
services	NNS
,	,
gifts	NNS
,	,
or	CC
financial	JJ
support	NN
to	TO
the	DT
educational	JJ
institution	NN
or	CC
office	NN
and	CC
regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
level	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
support	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
ethically	RB
,	,
an	DT
employer	NN
can	MD
not	RB
expect	VB
preferential	JJ
treatment	NN
when	WRB
it	PRP
comes	VBZ
to	TO
setting	VBG
up	RP
recruiting	VBG
visits	NNS
and	CC
placement	NN
at	IN
career	NN
fairs	NNS
.	.
Another	DT
ethical	JJ
issue	NN
to	TO
consider	VB
-	:
since	IN
the	DT
company	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
high-tech	JJ
,	,
would	MD
this	DT
be	VB
a	DT
turn-off	NN
to	TO
non-technical	JJ
students	NNS
?	.
In	IN
reference	NN
to	TO
the	DT
minority	NN
internship	NN
for	IN
African-Americans	NNPS
only	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
recommended	VBN
that	IN
this	DT
program	NN
be	VB
set	VBN
up	RP
through	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
academic	JJ
department	NN
or	CC
minority	NN
program	NN
office	NN
on	IN
campus	NN
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
if	IN
Mr.	NNP
Grates	NNP
is	VBZ
interested	JJ
in	IN
an	DT
engineering	NN
student	NN
for	IN
the	DT
internship	NN
,	,
the	DT
Minority	NNP
Engineering	NNP
Program	NNP
office	NN
would	MD
be	VB
the	DT
place	NN
to	TO
work	VB
through	IN
for	IN
this	DT
request	NN
4	CD
.	.
What	WP
are	VBP
your	PRP$
options	NNS
?	.
What	WP
are	VBP
the	DT
pros	NNS
and	CC
cons	NNS
of	IN
those	DT
options	NNS
?	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
career	NN
Center	NNP
Director	NNP
's	POS
job	NN
to	TO
negotiate	VB
this	DT
situation	NN
so	RB
that	IN
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
upholds	VBZ
the	DT
ethical	JJ
standards	NNS
by	IN
which	WDT
it	PRP
operates	VBZ
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
balancing	VBG
the	DT
sensitive	JJ
issues	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
university	NN
in	IN
the	DT
arena	NN
of	IN
development	NN
and	CC
fundraising	NN
.	.
An	DT
employer	NN
concerned	VBN
about	IN
meeting	VBG
the	DT
company	NN
's	POS
workforce	NN
needs	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
21st	JJ
century	NN
requests	NNS
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
to	TO
supply	VB
him\/her	NN
with	IN
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
junior	NN
and	CC
senior	JJ
African-American	NNP
,	,
Asian-American	NNP
,	,
Hispanics	NNPS
,	,
Native	JJ
Americans	NNPS
,	,
and	CC
disabled	JJ
students	NNS
to	TO
invite	VB
to	TO
a	DT
special	JJ
dinner	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
time	NN
the	DT
company	NN
will	MD
present	VB
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
firm	NN
and	CC
the	DT
available	JJ
jobs	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
company	NN
.	.
This	DT
company	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
major	JJ
financial	JJ
contributor	NN
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
diversity	NN
retention	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
While	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
direct	JJ
pressure	NN
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
director	NN
realizes	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
company	NN
's	POS
high	JJ
visibility	NN
on	IN
these	DT
issues	NNS
may	MD
create	VB
some	DT
subtle	JJ
pressure	NN
for	IN
her	PRP$
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
request	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
the	DT
company	NN
has	VBZ
hired	VBN
students	NNS
from	IN
this	DT
school	NN
in	IN
the	DT
past	NN
and	CC
the	DT
students	NNS
have	VBP
done	VBN
well	RB
professionally	RB
with	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
Referring	VBG
all	DT
interested	JJ
students	NNS
for	IN
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
without	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
race	NN
,	,
color	NN
,	,
national	JJ
origin	NN
,	,
religion	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
gender	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
orientation	NN
,	,
or	CC
disability	NN
,	,
and	CC
providing	VBG
reasonable	JJ
accommodations	NNS
upon	IN
request	NN
;	:
and	CC
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Assisting	VBG
recruiters	NNS
in	IN
accessing	VBG
certain	JJ
groups	NNS
on	IN
campus	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
more	RBR
inclusive	JJ
applicant	NN
pool	NN
.	.
''	''
No-it	NNP
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
would	MD
subsequently	RB
invite	VB
only	RB
these	DT
students	NNS
to	TO
interview	VB
with	IN
their	PRP$
organization	NN
,	,
and	CC
this	DT
is	VBZ
problematic	JJ
because	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
'	POS
office	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
duty	NN
to	TO
refer	VB
all	DT
students	NNS
for	IN
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
without	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
race	NN
or	CC
disability	NN
status	NN
,	,
according	VBG
to	TO
Principle	NNP
#	#
6	CD
for	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
.	.
Alternatively	RB
,	,
refer	VBP
the	DT
employer	NN
to	TO
the	DT
multicultural	JJ
students	NNS
'	POS
office	NN
so	RB
this	DT
office	NN
can	MD
assist	VB
in	IN
publicizing	VBG
the	DT
event	NN
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
organizations	NNS
with	IN
whom	WP
they	PRP
work	VBP
,	,
and\/or	CC
offer	NN
to	TO
send	VB
the	DT
invitations	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
registered	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
.	.
This	DT
conflicts	NNS
with	IN
Principle	NNP
#	#
6	CD
for	IN
employment	NN
professionals	NNS
that	IN
,	,
in	IN
part	NN
,	,
states	VBZ
``	``
employment	NN
professionals	NNS
will	MD
maintain	VB
equal	JJ
employment	NN
opportunity	NN
compliance	NN
and	CC
follow	VB
affirmative	JJ
action	NN
principles	NNS
in	IN
recruiting	VBG
activities	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
recruiting	NN
,	,
interviewing	VBG
and	CC
hiring	VBG
individuals	NNS
without	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
race	NN
,	,
color	NN
,	,
national	JJ
origin	NN
,	,
religion	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
gender	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
orientation	NN
,	,
or	CC
disability	NN
,	,
and	CC
providing	VBG
reasonable	JJ
accommodations	NNS
upon	IN
request	NN
.	.
''	''
Therefore	RB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
company	NN
only	RB
interviews	NNS
minority	NN
students	NNS
,	,
they	PRP
violate	VBP
this	DT
principle	NN
and	CC
can	MD
be	VB
vulnerable	JJ
to	TO
allegations	NNS
of	IN
employment	NN
discrimination	NN
.	.
As	IN
noted	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
response	NN
to	TO
question	VB
4	CD
above	IN
,	,
the	DT
CSO	NNP
should	MD
refer	VB
the	DT
employer	NN
to	TO
the	DT
multicultural	JJ
students	NNS
'	POS
office	NN
so	RB
this	DT
office	NN
can	MD
assist	VB
them	PRP
in	IN
publicizing	VBG
the	DT
event	NN
to	TO
student	NN
organizations	NNS
with	IN
whom	WP
they	PRP
work	VBP
,	,
and	CC
\/	NN
or	CC
offer	VB
the	DT
CSO	NNP
can	MD
offer	VB
to	TO
send	VB
the	DT
invitations	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
registered	VBN
with	IN
their	PRP$
office	NN
,	,
if	IN
students	NNS
identify	VBP
themselves	PRP
as	IN
minority	NN
students	NNS
or	CC
students	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
.	.
A	DT
career	NN
center	NN
wants	VBZ
to	TO
do	VB
more	JJR
to	TO
attract	VB
the	DT
minority	NN
student	NN
population	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
office	NN
and	CC
their	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
.	.
The	DT
staff	NN
brainstormed	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
focus	NN
group	NN
of	IN
minority	NN
students	NNS
.	.
Out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
brainstorming	VBG
session	NN
bloomed	VBD
an	DT
idea	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
web	NN
page	NN
with	IN
resources	NNS
,	,
employment	NN
,	,
and	CC
internship	NN
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
of	IN
color	NN
?	.
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
staff	NN
members	NNS
checked	VBD
and	CC
discovered	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
list	NN
web	NN
resources	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
job-search	JJ
resources	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
of	IN
color	NN
.	.
African-American	JJ
or	CC
Latino	JJ
to	TO
handle	VB
minority	NN
students	NNS
only	RB
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
way	NN
,	,
when	WRB
a	DT
minority	NN
student	NN
walked	VBD
into	IN
the	DT
office	NN
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
would	MD
feel	VB
that	IN
there	EX
was	VBD
someone	NN
``	``
like	IN
them	PRP
''	''
who	WP
could	MD
understand	VB
their	PRP$
needs	NNS
.	.
From	IN
an	DT
ethical	JJ
perspective	NN
,	,
one	CD
can	MD
pose	VB
the	DT
question	NN
``	``
Is	VBZ
it	PRP
appropriate	JJ
and	CC
fair	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
office	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
specialized	JJ
resources	NNS
and	CC
information	NN
to	TO
a	DT
particular	JJ
group	NN
?	.
''	''
Also	RB
,	,
if	IN
services	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
offered	VBN
for	IN
one	CD
group	NN
,	,
minority	NN
students	NNS
,	,
should	MD
comparable	JJ
services	NNS
be	VB
offered	VBN
to	TO
other	JJ
groups	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
international	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
women	NNS
,	,
non-traditional	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
etc	FW
?	.
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
acceptable	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
resources	NNS
for	IN
special	JJ
populations	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
unique	JJ
needs	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
career	NN
development	NN
and	CC
employment	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
page	NN
15	CD
of	IN
Professional	NNP
Standards	NNP
for	IN
College	NNP
and	CC
University	NNP
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
publication	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
,	,
Principle	NNP
6-c	JJ
states	NNS
:	:
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
shall	MD
maintain	VB
EEO	NNP
compliance	NN
and	CC
follow	VB
affirmative	JJ
action	NN
principles	NNS
in	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
activities	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
:	:
Informing	VBG
protected	JJ
groups	NNS
about	IN
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
those	DT
occupational	JJ
areas	NNS
where	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
underrepresented	VBN
and	CC
developing	VBG
awareness	NN
of	IN
,	,
and	CC
sensitivity	NN
to	TO
,	,
cultural	JJ
differences	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
diversity	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
,	,
and	CC
providing	VBG
responsive	JJ
services	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
decision	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
to	TO
design	VB
a	DT
web	NN
page	NN
for	IN
minority	NN
students	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
should	MD
only	RB
include	VB
resources	NNS
targeted	VBN
to	TO
that	DT
group	NN
,	,
not	RB
job	NN
postings	NNS
and	CC
should	MD
be	VB
accessible	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
job	NN
postings	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
office	NN
's	POS
current	JJ
jobs	NNS
'	POS
database	NN
with	IN
the	DT
provision	NN
that	IN
``	``
women	NNS
and	CC
minorities	NNS
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
apply	VB
.	.
''	''
Since	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
inferred	VBN
that	IN
job	NN
listings	NNS
include	VBP
``	``
employment	NN
and	CC
internship	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
''	''
having	VBG
a	DT
separate	JJ
web	NN
page	NN
with	IN
job	NN
listings	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
selected	VBN
population	NN
violates	VBZ
the	DT
preamble	NN
precept	NN
of	IN
an	DT
``	``
open	JJ
and	CC
free	JJ
selection	NN
of	IN
opportunities	NNS
''	''
because	IN
it	PRP
restricts	VBZ
access	NN
to	TO
other	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
having	VBG
a	DT
web	NN
page	NN
only	RB
for	IN
minority	NN
students	NNS
may	MD
suggest	VB
that	IN
the	DT
precept	NN
of	IN
``	``
maintain	VB
a	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
fair	JJ
and	CC
equitable	JJ
to	TO
candidates	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
employing	VBG
organizations	NNS
''	''
is	VBZ
violated	VBN
,	,
and	CC
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
very	RB
least	JJS
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
the	DT
perception	NN
of	IN
preferential	JJ
treatment	NN
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
Employer	NNP
Principle	NNP
#	#
6-a	JJ
states	NNS
that	IN
``	``
Recruiting	JJ
,	,
interviewing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
hiring	VBG
individuals	NNS
without	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
race	NN
,	,
color	NN
,	,
national	JJ
origin	NN
,	,
religion	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
gender	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
orientation	NN
,	,
or	CC
disability	NN
,	,
and	CC
providing	VBG
reasonable	JJ
accommodations	NNS
upon	IN
request	NN
.	.
''	''
Some	DT
suggestions	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
hiring	VBG
process	NN
are	VBP
to	TO
target	VB
recruitment	NN
efforts	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
position	NN
to	TO
include	VB
employment	NN
resources	NNS
specifically	RB
for	IN
minority	NN
candidates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
indicate	VBP
that	IN
women	NNS
and	CC
minorities	NNS
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
apply	VB
.	.
Another	DT
point	NN
to	TO
consider	VB
in	IN
pursuing	VBG
the	DT
hiring	NN
of	IN
a	DT
counselor	NN
of	IN
color	NN
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
minority	NN
students	NNS
may	MD
reinforce	VB
the	DT
erroneous	JJ
assumption	NN
that	IN
only	RB
minority	NN
members	NNS
can	MD
help	VB
other	JJ
minority	NN
group	NN
members	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
an	DT
undergraduate	JJ
degree	NN
in	IN
communications	NNS
and	CC
media	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
'	''
81	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
is	VBZ
completing	VBG
her	PRP$
master	NN
's	POS
in	IN
English	NNP
.	.
Her	PRP$
thesis	NN
and	CC
area	NN
of	IN
greatest	JJS
interest	NN
currently	RB
is	VBZ
in	IN
media	NNS
literacy	NN
.	.
It	PRP
deals	VBZ
with	IN
educating	VBG
the	DT
public	JJ
about	IN
the	DT
impact	NN
media	NNS
has	VBZ
on	IN
us	PRP
,	,
particularly	RB
the	DT
influence	NN
of	IN
violence	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
developed	VBN
a	DT
vision	NN
``	``
disability	NN
''	''
that	WDT
is	VBZ
making	VBG
any	DT
close	JJ
work	NN
difficult	JJ
for	IN
her	PRP
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
seeing	VBG
specialists	NNS
for	IN
this	DT
condition	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
losing	VBG
her	PRP$
sight	NN
,	,
but	CC
eyestrain	NN
causes	VBZ
her	PRP$
eyes	NNS
to	TO
cross	VB
.	.
As	RB
much	RB
as	IN
she	PRP
really	RB
enjoys	VBZ
desktop	NN
publishing	NN
and	CC
proofing	NN
work	NN
,	,
she	PRP
has	VBZ
estimated	VBN
that	IN
she	PRP
could	MD
do	VB
this	DT
work	NN
only	RB
about	RB
25	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
time	NN
.	.
Job	NNP
Choices	NNPS
magazines	NNS
,	,
pointing	VBG
out	RP
her	PRP$
rights	NNS
to	TO
confidentiality	NN
.	.
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Request	NN
permission	NN
from	IN
the	DT
client	NN
to	TO
share	VB
detailed	JJ
,	,
confidential	JJ
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
list	NN
serve	VB
,	,
prior	RB
to	TO
using	VBG
it	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
resource	NN
.	.
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Fully	RB
disclose	VB
the	DT
list	NN
serve	VBP
membership	NN
,	,
and	CC
its	PRP$
potential	JJ
accessibility	NN
to	TO
the	DT
client	NN
.	.
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
As	IN
an	DT
alternative	NN
,	,
offer	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
the	DT
issue	NN
with	IN
a	DT
select	JJ
group	NN
of	IN
colleagues	NNS
,	,
as	IN
opposed	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
list	NN
serve	VBP
where	WRB
the	DT
membership	NN
is	VBZ
unknown	JJ
.	.
Even	RB
then	RB
,	,
steps	VBZ
a	DT
,	,
b	NN
and	CC
c	NN
should	MD
be	VB
followed	VBN
.	.
e	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
If	IN
the	DT
client	NN
agrees	VBZ
to	TO
have	VB
information	NN
shared	VBN
,	,
whether	IN
on	IN
a	DT
list	NN
serve	VBP
or	CC
to	TO
a	DT
specific	JJ
group	NN
of	IN
colleagues	NNS
,	,
be	VB
sure	JJ
to	TO
indicate	VB
to	TO
the	DT
group	NN
that	IN
the	DT
client	NN
's	POS
permission	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
obtained	VBN
.	.
Retrieve.com	NNP
,	,
an	DT
online	JJ
systems	NNS
vendor	NN
,	,
has	VBZ
come	VBN
to	TO
your	PRP$
campus	NN
to	TO
talk	VB
to	TO
you	PRP
about	IN
outsourcing	VBG
your	PRP$
student	NN
data	NNS
base	NN
and	CC
placement	NN
files	NNS
.	.
The	DT
system	NN
requires	VBZ
a	DT
student	NN
to	TO
personally	RB
upload	VB
a	DT
resume	VB
for	IN
viewing	VBG
by	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
.	.
Only	RB
the	DT
student	NN
can	MD
upload	VB
the	DT
resume	VB
and	CC
it	PRP
must	MD
be	VB
done	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
account	NN
.	.
The	DT
student	NN
can	MD
do	VB
this	DT
from	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
dorm	NN
room	NN
,	,
apartment	NN
,	,
or	CC
at	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
.	.
Only	RB
employers	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
subscribers	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
vendor	NN
's	POS
service	NN
and	CC
have	VB
a	DT
password	NN
can	MD
view	VB
the	DT
resumes	NNS
.	.
Retrieve.com	NNP
assures	VBZ
you	PRP
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
need	NN
for	IN
a	DT
written	VBN
signature	NN
providing	VBG
permission	NN
to	TO
disclose	VB
the	DT
resume	VB
to	TO
the	DT
employers	NNS
.	.
Since	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
no	DT
student	NN
registration	NN
fee	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
looking	VBG
to	TO
streamline	VB
your	PRP$
efforts	NNS
,	,
eliminating	VBG
a	DT
mandatory	JJ
signature	NN
card	NN
would	MD
help	VB
.	.
EEO	NNP
guidelines	NNS
?	.
f	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
What	WP
is	VBZ
Retrieve.com	NNP
's	POS
privacy	NN
policy	NN
?	.
g	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Will	MD
the	DT
office	NN
have	VBP
to	TO
run	VB
a	DT
parallel	JJ
data	NN
base	NN
to	TO
coordinate	VB
campus	NN
interviews	NNS
?	.
h	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Do	VBP
employers	NNS
pay	VB
a	DT
fee	NN
to	TO
Retrieve.com	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
it	PRP
significant	JJ
enough	JJ
to	TO
hinder	VB
access	NN
to	TO
your	PRP$
students	NNS
?	.
i	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
If	IN
you	PRP
outsource	VBP
your	PRP$
data	NNS
base	NN
to	TO
Retreive.com	NNP
,	,
does	VBZ
it	PRP
preclude	VB
you	PRP
from	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
other	JJ
vendors	NNS
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
is	VBZ
it	PRP
an	DT
exclusive	JJ
relationship	NN
?	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
at	IN
present	JJ
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
still	RB
advised	VBN
that	IN
such	JJ
disclosure	NN
requires	VBZ
the	DT
hand-written	JJ
signature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
on	IN
a	DT
consent	NN
form	NN
.	.
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Further	RB
,	,
according	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
Spotlight	NN
article	NN
,	,
``	``
Federal	NNP
Agency	NNP
Recommends	NNP
Data	NNP
Privacy	NNP
Policies	NNS
for	IN
Web	NNP
Sites	NNP
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
Nov.	NNP
There	EX
are	VBP
certainly	RB
privacy	NN
issues	NNS
:	:
a	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
as	IN
noted	VBN
above	IN
,	,
students	NNS
must	MD
give	VB
their	PRP$
written	VBN
permission	NN
to	TO
disclose	VB
their	PRP$
information	NN
to	TO
a	DT
third-party	JJ
;	:
and	CC
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
the	DT
vendor	NN
may	MD
disclose	VB
personal	JJ
information	NN
collected	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
and	CC
then	RB
pass	VB
that	DT
information	NN
on	IN
to	TO
other	JJ
vendors	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
advertisers	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
encouraged	VBN
your	PRP$
professional	JJ
staff	NN
to	TO
interact	VB
and	CC
brainstorm	VB
with	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
when	WRB
problem	NN
student	NN
situations	NNS
arise	VBP
.	.
The	DT
interaction	NN
could	MD
occur	VB
in	IN
person	NN
or	CC
over	IN
the	DT
e-mail	NN
.	.
Because	IN
everyone	NN
has	VBZ
e-mail	NN
there	RB
seems	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
more	JJR
e-mail	NN
interaction	NN
than	IN
person	NN
to	TO
person	NN
interaction	NN
,	,
but	CC
that	DT
seems	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
the	DT
new	JJ
21st	JJ
century	NN
way	NN
of	IN
discussion	NN
.	.
In	IN
any	DT
event	NN
,	,
several	JJ
of	IN
your	PRP$
counselors	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
e-mailing	VBG
each	DT
other	JJ
about	IN
Bob	NNP
,	,
a	DT
student	NN
who	WP
has	VBZ
had	VBN
problems	NNS
landing	VBG
a	DT
job	NN
.	.
Jill	NNP
,	,
the	DT
person	NN
with	IN
whom	WP
the	DT
student	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
working	VBG
,	,
has	VBZ
pinpointed	VBN
the	DT
problem	NN
as	IN
his	PRP$
poor	JJ
presentation	NN
during	IN
interviews	NNS
.	.
Jill	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
e-mailing	VBG
Joe	NNP
and	CC
Joyce	NNP
about	IN
the	DT
problem	NN
and	CC
the	DT
way	NN
it	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
addressed	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
student	NN
.	.
These	DT
individuals	NNS
know	VBP
the	DT
student	NN
and	CC
have	VB
also	RB
worked	VBN
with	IN
him	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
past	NN
.	.
Some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
e-mails	NNS
refer	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
dress	NN
as	IN
``	``
pimp-like	JJ
,	,
''	''
and	CC
refer	VBP
to	TO
his	PRP$
communication	NN
abilities	NNS
as	IN
if	IN
``	``
he	PRP
was	VBD
high	JJ
on	IN
drugs	NNS
.	.
''	''
Pam	NNP
,	,
a	DT
student	NN
intern	NN
,	,
in	IN
your	PRP$
office	NN
,	,
just	RB
happens	VBZ
to	TO
see	VB
one	CD
of	IN
these	DT
e-mails	NNS
and	CC
tells	VBZ
Bob	NNP
.	.
Bob	NNP
is	VBZ
furious	JJ
and	CC
storms	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
office	NN
demanding	VBG
an	DT
explanation	NN
.	.
Pam	NNP
also	RB
becomes	VBZ
concerned	JJ
about	IN
what	WP
is	VBZ
being	VBG
put	VBN
in	IN
writing	VBG
about	IN
her	PRP$
and	CC
demands	NNS
to	TO
see	VB
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
e-mails	NNS
among	IN
the	DT
counselors	NNS
pertaining	VBG
to	TO
her	PRP
.	.
Ethically	RB
,	,
this	DT
scenario	NN
raises	VBZ
the	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
maintaining	VBG
confidentiality	NN
of	IN
student	NN
information	NN
.	.
As	IN
outlined	VBN
in	IN
Principle	NNP
#	#
7	CD
for	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
,	,
``	``
any	DT
disclosure	NN
of	IN
student	NN
information	NN
outside	IN
of	IN
the	DT
educational	JJ
institution	NN
will	MD
be	VB
with	IN
prior	JJ
consent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
unless	IN
health	NN
and\/or	CC
safety	NN
considerations	NNS
necessitate	VBP
the	DT
dissemination	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
information	NN
.	.
''	''
And	CC
while	IN
information	NN
about	IN
Bob	NNP
was	VBD
not	RB
shared	VBN
outside	IN
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
,	,
the	DT
staff	NN
members	NNS
in	IN
question	NN
did	VBD
not	RB
``	``
exercise	NN
sound	JJ
judgment	NN
and	CC
fairness	NN
in	IN
maintaining	VBG
the	DT
confidentiality	NN
of	IN
student	NN
information	NN
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
source	NN
,	,
including	VBG
written	VBN
records	NNS
,	,
reports	NNS
,	,
and	CC
computer	NN
data	NNS
bases	NNS
''	''
,	,
as	IN
further	JJ
outlined	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
Principle	NN
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
counselors	NNS
made	VBD
the	DT
derogatory	JJ
comments	NNS
about	IN
Bob	NNP
it	PRP
calls	VBZ
into	IN
question	NN
their	PRP$
professional	JJ
competence	NN
and	CC
whether	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
appropriate	JJ
counseling	NN
skills	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Principle	NNP
#	#
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
as	IN
outlined	VBN
in	IN
Principle	NNP
#	#
1	CD
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
shall	MD
not	RB
impose	VB
their	PRP$
personal	JJ
values	NNS
or	CC
biases	NNS
,	,
and	CC
their	PRP$
comments	NNS
are	VBP
troubling	VBG
because	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
based	VBN
on	IN
fact	NN
,	,
but	CC
stem	NN
from	IN
differences	NNS
in	IN
values	NNS
with	IN
Bob	NNP
and	CC
students	NNS
like	IN
him	PRP
.	.
No.	NN
.	.
Clients	NNS
,	,
or	CC
students	NNS
,	,
as	IN
in	IN
Bob	NNP
's	POS
case	NN
,	,
share	NN
information	NN
with	IN
counselors	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
understanding	NN
that	IN
their	PRP$
confidences	NNS
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
compromised	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
permissible	JJ
for	IN
Jill	NNP
to	TO
discuss	VB
his	PRP$
situation	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
staff	NN
members	NNS
if	IN
she	PRP
had	VBD
obtained	VBN
his	PRP$
permission	NN
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
.	.
At	IN
a	DT
minimum	NN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
student	NN
interns	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
have	VB
access	NN
to	TO
these	DT
confidential	JJ
discussions	NNS
.	.
Yes	RB
and	CC
no.	RB
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
that	IN
the	DT
exchange	NN
was	VBD
not	RB
in	IN
writing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
therefore	RB
,	,
did	VBD
not	RB
constitute	VB
a	DT
permanent	JJ
record	NN
and	CC
present	JJ
greater	JJR
opportunities	NNS
to	TO
libel	NN
the	DT
student	NN
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
ease	NN
of	IN
disseminating	VBG
this	DT
information	NN
.	.
No	DT
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
that	IN
,	,
no	DT
matter	NN
what	WP
the	DT
context	NN
of	IN
the	DT
discussion	NN
,	,
the	DT
staff	NN
members	NNS
exercised	VBN
poor	JJ
judgment	NN
by	IN
not	RB
restricting	VBG
their	PRP$
discussion	NN
to	TO
factual	JJ
information	NN
vs.	IN
subjective	JJ
impressions	NNS
and	CC
using	VBG
unprofessional	JJ
language	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
possible	JJ
that	IN
interns	NNS
may	MD
at	IN
times	NNS
have	VBP
access	NN
to	TO
confidential	JJ
student	NN
information	NN
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
source	NN
,	,
but	CC
student	NN
interns	NNS
,	,
just	RB
as	IN
counselors	NNS
,	,
must	MD
be	VB
trained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
proper	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
this	DT
information	NN
and	CC
abide	VB
by	IN
office	NN
policies	NNS
and	CC
guidelines	NNS
.	.
Corp.	NNP
merges	VBZ
with	IN
Super	NNP
Mega	JJ
Inc.	NNP
and	CC
will	MD
layoff	NN
2,000	CD
`	``
redundant	JJ
'	''
workers	NNS
.	.
Mega	JJ
has	VBZ
decided	VBN
to	TO
lay	VB
off	RP
workers	NNS
to	TO
avert	VB
impending	JJ
bankruptcy	NN
.	.
''	''
Jim	NNP
calls	VBZ
the	DT
firm	NN
and	CC
the	DT
recruiter	NN
assures	VBZ
him	PRP
that	IN
everything	NN
is	VBZ
just	RB
fine	JJ
and	CC
reconfirms	VBZ
that	IN
Jim	NNP
has	VBZ
great	JJ
potential	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
company	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
facts	NNS
as	IN
presented	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
above	JJ
scenario	NN
,	,
and	CC
consistent	JJ
with	IN
``	``
Career	NNP
Services	NNP
Principle	NNP
#	#
10	CD
,	,
''	''
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
director	NN
should	MD
advise	VB
Jim	NNP
against	IN
reneging	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
offer	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
information	NN
reported	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
media	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
recruiter	NN
has	VBZ
provided	VBN
assurances	NNS
that	IN
``	``
everything	NN
is	VBZ
just	RB
fine	JJ
''	''
,	,
until	IN
that	DT
fact	NN
is	VBZ
known	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
untrue	JJ
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
has	VBZ
an	DT
obligation	NN
to	TO
accept	VB
this	DT
offer	NN
in	IN
good	JJ
faith	NN
.	.
The	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
director	NN
should	MD
also	RB
offer	VB
to	TO
contact	VB
the	DT
company	NN
to	TO
verify	VB
the	DT
reported	VBN
layoffs	NNS
and	CC
that	IN
Jim	NNP
's	POS
job	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
in	IN
jeopardy	NN
.	.
This	DT
might	MD
include	VB
looking	VBG
for	IN
other	JJ
positions	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
,	,
assisting	VBG
the	DT
candidate	NN
in	IN
finding	VBG
positions	NNS
elsewhere	RB
,	,
or	CC
engaging	VBG
the	DT
assistance	NN
of	IN
an	DT
outside	JJ
firm	NN
to	TO
help	VB
the	DT
candidate	NN
obtain	VB
comparable	JJ
employment	NN
.	.
In	IN
fact	NN
,	,
they	PRP
have	VBP
given	VBN
the	DT
school	NN
thousands	NNS
of	IN
dollars	NNS
over	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Company	NN
is	VBZ
committed	VBN
to	TO
increasing	VBG
the	DT
diversity	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
work	NN
force	NN
.	.
The	DT
company	NN
offers	VBZ
a	DT
summer	NN
internship	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
between	IN
their	PRP$
junior	NN
and	CC
senior	JJ
years	NNS
in	IN
school	NN
.	.
They	PRP
will	MD
pay	VB
the	DT
students	NNS
a	DT
salary	NN
during	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
their	PRP$
tuition	NN
,	,
books	NNS
,	,
and	CC
lab	NN
fees	NNS
for	IN
their	PRP$
senior	JJ
year	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
condition	NN
of	IN
receiving	VBG
the	DT
tuition	NN
for	IN
the	DT
senior	JJ
year	NN
,	,
students	NNS
are	VBP
asked	VBN
to	TO
accept	VB
an	DT
offer	NN
of	IN
full-time	JJ
employment	NN
with	IN
the	DT
company	NN
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
.	.
After	IN
acceptance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
offer	NN
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
student	NN
revokes	VBZ
it	PRP
,	,
he\/she	NN
must	MD
repay	VB
the	DT
tuition	NN
,	,
plus	CC
interest	NN
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
company	NN
.	.
Sandy	NNP
Rodriquez	NNP
accepts	VBZ
an	DT
offer	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
with	IN
Durable	JJ
after	IN
her	PRP$
summer	NN
internship	NN
.	.
Durable	JJ
pays	VBZ
$	$
5,000	CD
to	TO
the	DT
school	NN
for	IN
tuition	NN
and	CC
lab	NN
fees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
pays	VBZ
$	$
1,000	CD
to	TO
Sandy	NNP
for	IN
books	NNS
.	.
About	IN
four	CD
months	NNS
later	RB
,	,
she	PRP
learns	VBZ
that	IN
Drygoods	NNP
has	VBZ
a	DT
poor	JJ
reputation	NN
regarding	VBG
promotion	NN
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
women	NNS
and	CC
Hispanics	NNPS
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
is	VBZ
offered	VBN
another	DT
opportunity	NN
with	IN
a	DT
different	JJ
company	NN
at	IN
a	DT
starting	VBG
salary	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
$	$
5,000	CD
more	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
Drygoods	NNP
offer	NN
.	.
She	PRP
tells	VBZ
Drygoods	NNS
she	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
interested	JJ
in	IN
working	VBG
for	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Initial	JJ
discussions	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
company	NN
should	MD
focus	VB
on	IN
the	DT
alleged	JJ
poor	JJ
reputation	NN
regarding	VBG
promotion	NN
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
women	NNS
and	CC
Hispanics	NNPS
to	TO
determine	VB
if	IN
these	DT
are	VBP
,	,
indeed	RB
,	,
reflective	JJ
of	IN
past	JJ
practices	NNS
or	CC
if	IN
such	JJ
discriminatory	JJ
practices	NNS
continue	VBP
.	.
An	DT
employer	NN
offered	VBD
an	DT
internship	NN
to	TO
a	DT
student	NN
.	.
After	IN
the	DT
student	NN
accepted	VBD
the	DT
offer	NN
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
gave	VBD
the	DT
student	NN
an	DT
``	``
Indemnity	NNP
and	CC
Hold	VB
Harmless	JJ
''	''
agreement	NN
that	IN
the	DT
student	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
have	VB
the	DT
university	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
sign	NN
.	.
The	DT
agreement	NN
covered	VBD
injury	NN
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
and	CC
any	DT
possible	JJ
claims	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
student	NN
could	MD
bring	VB
against	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
required	VBD
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
the	DT
employer	NN
's	POS
legal	JJ
expenses	NNS
in	IN
defending	VBG
a	DT
claim	NN
brought	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
student	NN
.	.
The	DT
internship	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
for	IN
credit	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
student	NN
would	MD
be	VB
paid	VBN
.	.
While	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
found	VBN
through	IN
a	DT
posting	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
affiliated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
university	NN
in	IN
any	DT
way	NN
.	.
The	DT
employer	NN
did	VBD
not	RB
come	VBN
on	IN
campus	NN
to	TO
interview	VB
the	DT
student	NN
.	.
The	DT
university	NN
's	POS
legal	JJ
counsel	NN
advised	VBD
the	DT
office	NN
not	RB
to	TO
sign	VB
it	PRP
.	.
The	DT
employer	NN
said	VBD
that	IN
without	IN
the	DT
school	NN
's	POS
signature	NN
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
withdraw	VB
the	DT
offer	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
it	PRP
did	VBD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
intern	NN
and	CC
his	PRP$
parents	NNS
were	VBD
required	VBN
to	TO
sign	VB
the	DT
agreement	NN
last	JJ
year	NN
and	CC
this	DT
year	NN
the	DT
school	NN
was	VBD
also	RB
asked	VBN
to	TO
sign	VB
it	PRP
.	.
The	DT
student	NN
was	VBD
quite	RB
angry	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
school	NN
refused	VBD
to	TO
sign	VB
the	DT
agreement	NN
,	,
and	CC
he	PRP
was	VBD
now	RB
left	VBN
without	IN
an	DT
internship	NN
position	NN
for	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
``	``
hold	NN
harmless	JJ
''	''
agreement	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
an	DT
employer	NN
a	DT
legal	JJ
exemption	NN
from	IN
liability	NN
for	IN
injury	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
damage	NN
or	CC
wrongdoing	NN
to	TO
an	DT
employee	NN
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
situation	NN
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
is	VBZ
requiring	VBG
the	DT
intern	NN
and	CC
his	PRP$
parents	NNS
to	TO
sign	VB
a	DT
``	``
hold	NN
harmless	JJ
''	''
agreement	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
also	RB
requiring	VBG
the	DT
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
office	NN
where	WRB
the	DT
student	NN
attends	VBZ
school	NN
to	TO
sign	VB
the	DT
indemnity	NN
and	CC
hold	VB
harmless	JJ
agreement	NN
.	.
In	IN
effect	NN
,	,
signing	VBG
this	DT
agreement	NN
would	MD
make	VB
the	DT
parents	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
office	NN
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
student	NN
and	CC
would	MD
also	RB
make	VB
the	DT
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
office	NN
liable	JJ
for	IN
any	DT
legal	JJ
expenses	NNS
if	IN
the	DT
student	NN
filed	VBD
a	DT
claim	NN
against	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
The	DT
employer	NN
assumes	VBZ
no	DT
responsibility	NN
or	CC
accountability	NN
for	IN
injury	NN
or	CC
``	``
damages	NNS
''	''
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
intern	NN
;	:
it	PRP
also	RB
protects	VBZ
the	DT
employer	NN
from	IN
incurring	VBG
any	DT
legal	JJ
expenses	NNS
if	IN
the	DT
student	NN
intern	NN
files	VBZ
a	DT
claim	NN
against	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
No	DT
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
ethical	JJ
to	TO
require	VB
interns	NNS
to	TO
sign	VB
a	DT
``	``
hold	NN
harmless	JJ
''	''
agreement	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
be	VB
accepted	VBN
for	IN
an	DT
internship	NN
.	.
Employers	NNS
are	VBP
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
well	NN
being	VBG
of	IN
their	PRP$
employees	NNS
,	,
intern	NN
or	CC
long-term	JJ
employee	NN
,	,
while	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
on	IN
the	DT
job	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
contract	NN
employee	NN
,	,
the	DT
contract	NN
employee	NN
agrees	VBZ
to	TO
assume	VB
all	PDT
the	DT
risks	NNS
on	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
behalf	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
entering	VBG
into	IN
an	DT
agreement	NN
with	IN
a	DT
prospective	JJ
hire	NN
for	IN
an	DT
internship	NN
while	IN
the	DT
prospective	JJ
hire	NN
is	VBZ
still	RB
in	IN
college	NN
without	IN
full	JJ
knowledge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
ramifications	NNS
of	IN
such	PDT
an	DT
agreement	NN
is	VBZ
unethical	JJ
treatment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
.	.
The	DT
employment	NN
agreement	NN
is	VBZ
between	IN
the	DT
student	NN
intern	NN
and	CC
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
In	IN
no	DT
way	NN
should	MD
the	DT
university	NN
be	VB
obligated	VBN
to	TO
accept	VB
legal	JJ
or	CC
financial	JJ
responsibility	NN
of	IN
the	DT
intern	NN
while	IN
employed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
company	NN
.	.
The	DT
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
office	NN
serves	VBZ
only	RB
as	IN
advisor	NN
and	CC
counsel	NN
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
and	CC
facilitates	VBZ
the	DT
connection	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
with	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
The	DT
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
office	NN
should	MD
not	RB
incur	VB
financial	JJ
or	CC
legal	JJ
liability	NN
for	IN
the	DT
well	NN
being	VBG
of	IN
a	DT
student	NN
while	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
working	VBG
in	IN
an	DT
internship	NN
.	.
The	DT
internship	NN
is	VBZ
short-term	JJ
employment	NN
and	CC
the	DT
responsibility	NN
of	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
should	MD
rest	VB
with	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
No.	NN
.	.
Whether	IN
the	DT
internship	NN
is	VBZ
sponsored	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
interviews	NNS
are	VBP
conducted	VBN
on	IN
campus	NN
,	,
the	DT
employment	NN
is	VBZ
between	IN
the	DT
intern	NN
and	CC
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
The	DT
university	NN
provides	VBZ
counsel	NN
,	,
advice	NN
and	CC
facilitates	VBZ
the	DT
method	NN
that	IN
the	DT
student	NN
and	CC
employer	NN
become	VBP
connected	VBN
.	.
The	DT
university	NN
should	MD
not	RB
assume	VB
any	DT
liability	NN
for	IN
injury	NN
or	CC
legal	JJ
expenses	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
sponsored	VBN
or	CC
unsponsored	JJ
intern	NN
on	IN
the	DT
work	NN
site	NN
of	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
should	MD
advise	VB
the	DT
employer	NN
of	IN
the	DT
reasons	NNS
why	WRB
the	DT
university	NN
legal	JJ
counsel	NN
has	VBZ
advised	VBN
the	DT
school	NN
not	RB
to	TO
sign	VB
the	DT
``	``
hold	NN
harmless	JJ
''	''
agreement	NN
and	CC
encourage	VB
the	DT
employer	NN
to	TO
hire	VB
the	DT
intern	NN
in	IN
good	JJ
faith	NN
without	IN
requiring	VBG
the	DT
agreement	NN
with	IN
the	DT
student\/parents	NNS
or	CC
the	DT
university	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
all	DT
of	IN
these	DT
concerns	NNS
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
should	MD
be	VB
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
require	VB
that	IN
all	DT
department	NN
hiring	VBG
managers	NNS
understand	VBP
the	DT
ramifications	NNS
of	IN
requiring	VBG
``	``
hold	VBP
harmless	JJ
''	''
agreements	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
condition	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
.	.
b.	NNP
The	NNP
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
director	NN
,	,
or	CC
representative	NN
should	MD
contact	VB
the	DT
student	NN
and	CC
review	VB
the	DT
ethical	JJ
and	CC
legal	JJ
concerns	NNS
as	IN
outlined	VBN
by	IN
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
and	CC
advise	VB
the	DT
student	NN
that	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
contacted	VBN
and	CC
discussed	VBN
alternatives	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
their	PRP$
current	JJ
recruiting	NN
and	CC
hiring	NN
requirements	NNS
.	.
Explain	VB
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
that	IN
the	DT
ethical	JJ
practices	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
company	NN
are	VBP
indicative	JJ
of	IN
their	PRP$
philosophy	NN
,	,
culture	NN
and	CC
values	NNS
.	.
Help	VB
the	DT
student	NN
evaluate	VB
the	DT
situation	NN
using	VBG
sound	JJ
judgment	NN
in	IN
relation	NN
to	TO
what	WP
kind	NN
of	IN
work	NN
environment	NN
,	,
corporate	JJ
culture	NN
and	CC
career	NN
opportunity	NN
the	DT
prospective	JJ
employer	NN
offers	NNS
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
provide	VBP
the	DT
student	NN
with	IN
other	JJ
viable	JJ
internships	NNS
or	CC
resources	NNS
to	TO
locate	VB
internships	NNS
of	IN
comparable	JJ
substance	NN
.	.
This	DT
may	MD
include	VB
on-campus	JJ
interviews	NNS
,	,
access	NN
to	TO
job	NN
listings	NNS
,	,
career	NN
advising	VBG
,	,
and	CC
access	NN
to	TO
alumni	NNS
network	NN
.	.
c.	IN
The	DT
employer	NN
should	MD
open	VB
a	DT
dialogue	NN
with	IN
both	DT
the	DT
student	NN
and	CC
the	DT
school	NN
to	TO
explain	VB
their	PRP$
reasoning	NN
for	IN
requiring	VBG
this	DT
``	``
hold	NN
harmless	JJ
''	''
agreement	NN
and	CC
to	TO
come	VB
to	TO
an	DT
understanding	NN
and\/or	CC
a	DT
reconciliation	NN
with	IN
the	DT
school	NN
and	CC
the	DT
student	NN
about	IN
the	DT
requirement	NN
.	.
The	DT
employer	NN
should	MD
make	VB
sure	JJ
all	DT
department	NN
hiring	VBG
managers	NNS
understand	VBP
the	DT
legal	JJ
,	,
ethical	JJ
and	CC
practical	JJ
ramifications	NNS
of	IN
requiring	VBG
a	DT
student	NN
to	TO
sign	VB
a	DT
``	``
hold	NN
harmless	JJ
''	''
agreement	NN
and	CC
re-examine	VB
their	PRP$
stance	NN
on	IN
the	DT
requirement	NN
.	.
In	IN
most	JJS
cases	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
unethical	JJ
to	TO
require	VB
a	DT
student	NN
to	TO
sign	VB
a	DT
``	``
hold	NN
harmless	JJ
''	''
agreement	NN
.	.
Everyone	NN
who	WP
you	PRP
met	VBD
at	IN
Global	NNP
Oil	NNP
Company	NNP
was	VBD
very	RB
impressed	JJ
with	IN
your	PRP$
potential	JJ
contribution	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Company	NN
.	.
In	IN
that	DT
regard	NN
,	,
we	PRP
are	VBP
pleased	JJ
to	TO
offer	VB
you	PRP
a	DT
position	NN
as	IN
a	DT
geologist	NN
at	IN
a	DT
starting	VBG
salary	NN
of	IN
$	$
60,000	CD
.	.
Because	IN
we	PRP
are	VBP
making	VBG
this	DT
offer	NN
well	RB
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
start	NN
date	NN
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
on	IN
or	CC
about	IN
June	NNP
1	CD
,	,
2003	CD
,	,
the	DT
salary	NN
may	MD
increase	VB
pending	VBG
market	NN
conditions	NNS
.	.
``	``
Employment	NNP
professionals	NNS
will	MD
refrain	VB
from	IN
any	DT
practice	NN
that	WDT
improperly	RB
influences	VBZ
and	CC
affects	VBZ
job	NN
acceptances	NNS
.	.
Such	JJ
practices	NNS
may	MD
include	VB
undue	JJ
time	NN
pressure	NN
for	IN
acceptance	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
offers	NNS
and	CC
encouragement	NN
of	IN
revocation	NN
of	IN
another	DT
employment	NN
offer	NN
.	.
Employment	NNP
professionals	NNS
will	MD
strive	VB
to	TO
communicate	VB
decisions	NNS
to	TO
candidates	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
agreed-upon	JJ
time	NN
frame	NN
.	.
''	''
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Employer	NN
Principle	NNP
#	#
2	CD
:	:
``	``
professional	JJ
knowledge	NN
''	''
``	``
Maintain	VB
an	DT
open	JJ
and	CC
free	JJ
selection	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
atmosphere	NN
conducive	JJ
to	TO
objective	JJ
thought	NN
,	,
where	WRB
job	NN
candidates	NNS
can	MD
choose	VB
optimum	JJ
long-term	JJ
uses	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
talents	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
consistent	JJ
with	IN
personal	JJ
objectives	NNS
and	CC
all	DT
relevant	JJ
facts	NNS
.	.
''	''
According	VBG
to	TO
Spotlight	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
June	NNP
15	CD
,	,
1994	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
``	``
A	DT
student	NN
must	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
a	DT
sufficient	JJ
opportunity	NN
to	TO
consider	VB
an	DT
offer	NN
.	.
Certainly	RB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
offered	VBN
a	DT
cash	NN
incentive	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
also	RB
told	VBN
that	IN
he\/she	NN
must	MD
accept	VB
the	DT
offer	NN
within	IN
a	DT
short	JJ
time	NN
frame	NN
,	,
then	RB
there	EX
is	VBZ
improper	JJ
influence	NN
.	.
''	''
That	DT
is	VBZ
certainly	RB
true	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
two-week	JJ
preemptive	JJ
first	JJ
deadline	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
signing	NN
bonus	NN
is	VBZ
felt	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
necessary	JJ
,	,
make	VB
it	PRP
contingent	JJ
on	IN
accepting	VBG
the	DT
offer	NN
to	TO
work	VB
for	IN
the	DT
company	NN
by	IN
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
date	NN
.	.
While	IN
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
three	CD
weeks	NNS
to	TO
return	VB
a	DT
decision	NN
on	IN
a	DT
job	NN
offer	NN
is	VBZ
generally	RB
recommended	VBN
,	,
``	``
Exploding	VBG
Offers	VBZ
''	''
suggests	VBZ
that	IN
employers	NNS
who	WP
make	VBP
job	NN
offers	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
beginning	NN
of	IN
fall	NN
semester	NN
ought	MD
to	TO
consider	VB
keeping	VBG
their	PRP$
offers	NNS
open	JJ
until	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
semester	NN
.	.
Perhaps	RB
move	VB
this	DT
back	NN
to	TO
December	NNP
1	CD
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
totally	RB
reasonable	JJ
.	.
Students	NNS
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
accept	VB
the	DT
December	NNP
1	CD
offer	NN
could	MD
still	RB
be	VB
considered	VBN
for	IN
positions	NNS
through	IN
January	NNP
1	CD
,	,
but	CC
without	IN
a	DT
bonus	NN
.	.
Katherine	NNP
beamed	VBD
with	IN
excitement	NN
as	IN
she	PRP
took	VBD
the	DT
very	RB
thick	JJ
envelope	NN
from	IN
Company	NN
A	DT
out	IN
of	IN
her	PRP$
mailbox	NN
.	.
Since	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
Friday	NNP
,	,
she	PRP
thought	VBD
this	DT
was	VBD
a	DT
wonderful	JJ
way	NN
to	TO
begin	VB
her	PRP$
weekend	NN
.	.
Katherine	NNP
had	VBD
visited	VBN
the	DT
company	NN
only	RB
two	CD
days	NNS
ago	RB
and	CC
had	VBD
not	RB
been	VBN
given	VBN
any	DT
indication	NN
that	IN
she	PRP
would	MD
hear	VB
from	IN
them	PRP
so	RB
soon	RB
.	.
Graduating	VBG
in	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
,	,
Katherine	NNP
had	VBD
worried	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
tightened	VBN
economy	NN
might	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
a	DT
scarcity	NN
of	IN
job	NN
offers	NNS
for	IN
her	PRP
.	.
Introduced	VBN
to	TO
Company	NNP
A	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
career	NN
fair	NN
on	IN
Monday	NNP
,	,
Katherine	NNP
had	VBD
been	VBN
invited	VBN
at	IN
that	DT
time	NN
to	TO
visit	VB
the	DT
company	NN
's	POS
facilities	NNS
on	IN
Wednesday	NNP
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
site	NN
visit	NN
,	,
recruiters	NNS
discussed	VBD
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
every	DT
employee	NN
had	VBD
made	VBN
a	DT
six-figure	JJ
salary	NN
within	IN
nine	CD
months	NNS
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
the	DT
company	NN
had	VBD
offered	VBN
employees	NNS
starting	VBG
salaries	NNS
lower	JJR
than	IN
most	JJS
in	IN
the	DT
industry	NN
.	.
While	IN
at	IN
the	DT
facility	NN
,	,
Katherine	NNP
was	VBD
given	VBN
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
speak	VB
briefly	NN
to	TO
two	CD
employees	NNS
.	.
Unfortunately	RB
,	,
neither	DT
employee	NN
discussed	VBD
salary	NN
during	IN
this	DT
session	NN
.	.
Although	IN
Katherine	NNP
had	VBD
some	DT
reservations	NNS
,	,
she	PRP
believed	VBD
she	PRP
could	MD
work	VB
for	IN
the	DT
company	NN
.	.
B	NNP
,	,
a	DT
large	JJ
,	,
well-established	JJ
company	NN
with	IN
a	DT
solid	JJ
reputation	NN
.	.
She	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
interviewed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
firm	NN
last	JJ
week	NN
,	,
and	CC
was	VBD
told	VBN
she	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
contacted	VBN
within	IN
the	DT
next	JJ
week	NN
.	.
Katherine	NNP
planned	VBD
to	TO
travel	VB
home	NN
next	IN
weekend	NN
,	,
and	CC
looked	VBD
forward	RB
to	TO
discussing	VBG
her	PRP$
prospects	NNS
with	IN
her	PRP$
parents	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
wanted	VBD
to	TO
gather	VB
more	JJR
information	NN
on	IN
Company	NN
A	DT
next	JJ
week	NN
,	,
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
more	RBR
informed	JJ
decision	NN
regarding	VBG
any	DT
potential	JJ
offers	NNS
.	.
Monday	NNP
.	.
The	DT
letter	NN
stated	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
quick	JJ
deadline	NN
existed	VBD
because	IN
so	RB
many	JJ
people	NNS
desired	VBN
the	DT
few	JJ
positions	NNS
that	WDT
were	VBD
available	JJ
.	.
The	DT
letter	NN
emphasized	VBD
the	DT
fact	NN
that	IN
the	DT
company	NN
would	MD
not	RB
grant	VB
any	DT
extensions	NNS
.	.
A	DT
's	POS
offer	NN
to	TO
allow	VB
her	PRP$
more	JJR
time	NN
to	TO
research	VB
the	DT
company	NN
even	RB
though	IN
she	PRP
might	MD
later	RB
renege	VB
on	IN
the	DT
offer	NN
.	.
What	WP
advice	NN
would	MD
you	PRP
give	VB
her	PRP
?	.
Would	MD
your	PRP$
advice	NN
be	VB
different	JJ
if	IN
she	PRP
were	VBD
given	VBN
three	CD
business	NN
days	NNS
vs.	IN
three	CD
calendar	NN
days	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
decision	NN
?	.
No.	NN
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
Principle	NNP
#	#
1	CD
for	IN
employment	NN
professionals	NNS
,	,
``	``
employment	NN
professionals	NNS
will	MD
refrain	VB
from	IN
any	DT
practice	NN
that	WDT
improperly	RB
influences	VBZ
and	CC
affects	VBZ
job	NN
acceptances	NNS
''	''
,	,
and	CC
these	DT
practices	NNS
may	MD
include	VB
``	``
undue	JJ
time	NN
pressures	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
acceptance	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
offers	NNS
''	''
.	.
Committee	NNP
Position	NNP
Paper	NNP
on	IN
Exploding	NNP
Offers	VBZ
.	.
The	DT
document	NN
recommends	VBZ
that	IN
employers	NNS
give	VBP
students	NNS
a	DT
minimum	NN
of	IN
three	CD
weeks	NNS
to	TO
return	VB
a	DT
decision	NN
on	IN
a	DT
job	NN
offer	NN
,	,
noting	VBG
that	IN
``	``
the	DT
best	JJS
employment	NN
decisions	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
both	DT
students	NNS
and	CC
employers	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
those	DT
that	WDT
are	VBP
made	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
greatest	JJS
amount	NN
of	IN
information	NN
''	''
.	.
Importantly	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
also	RB
noted	VBN
that	IN
students	NNS
given	VBN
sufficient	JJ
time	NN
are	VBP
less	RBR
likely	JJ
to	TO
renege	VB
on	IN
job	NN
acceptances	NNS
.	.
Company	NNP
A	NNP
's	POS
deadline	NN
restricts	VBZ
Katherine	NNP
's	POS
ability	NN
to	TO
gather	VB
more	JJR
information	NN
about	IN
both	DT
Companies	NNS
A	DT
and	CC
B.	NNP
A	DT
's	POS
offer	NN
even	RB
though	IN
she	PRP
might	MD
later	RB
renege	VB
on	IN
it	PRP
later	RB
.	.
What	WP
advice	NN
would	MD
you	PRP
give	VB
her	PRP
?	.
Would	MD
your	PRP$
advice	NN
be	VB
different	JJ
if	IN
she	PRP
were	VBD
given	VBN
three	CD
business	NN
days	NNS
vs.	IN
three	CD
calendar	NN
days	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
decision	NN
?	.
Offer	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
Katherine	NNP
by	IN
calling	VBG
Company	NN
A	DT
and	CC
discussing	VBG
the	DT
value	NN
of	IN
providing	VBG
her	PRP$
with	IN
more	JJR
time	NN
and	CC
referencing	VBG
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Position	NNP
Paper	NNP
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
policy	NN
,	,
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
one	CD
,	,
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
'	POS
office	NN
regarding	VBG
offer	NN
timelines	NNS
.	.
Assist	VB
Katherine	NNP
in	IN
comparing	VBG
the	DT
two	CD
offers	NNS
,	,
given	VBN
the	DT
limited	JJ
information	NN
she	PRP
has	VBZ
about	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
assist	VB
her	PRP$
in	IN
gathering	VBG
further	JJ
information	NN
quickly	RB
by	IN
contacting	VBG
colleagues	NNS
to	TO
determine	VB
if	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
any	DT
experiences	NNS
,	,
good	JJ
or	CC
bad	JJ
,	,
with	IN
Company	NNP
A.	NNP
No	NNP
,	,
the	DT
advice	NN
would	MD
be	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
,	,
but	CC
with	IN
the	DT
additional	JJ
time	NN
,	,
you	PRP
could	MD
assist	VB
her	PRP$
in	IN
gathering	VBG
even	RB
more	RBR
information	NN
.	.
As	IN
noted	VBN
above	IN
,	,
offer	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
Katherine	NNP
by	IN
contacting	VBG
the	DT
company	NN
and	CC
discussing	VBG
the	DT
situation	NN
with	IN
them	PRP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
emphasize	VB
that	IN
even	RB
if	IN
she	PRP
declines	VBZ
the	DT
offer	NN
,	,
you	PRP
should	MD
have	VB
this	DT
discussion	NN
with	IN
the	DT
company	NN
because	IN
their	PRP$
actions	NNS
likely	JJ
represent	VBP
a	DT
recruiting	NN
practice	NN
and	CC
not	RB
an	DT
isolated	JJ
incident	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
without	IN
intervention	NN
,	,
their	PRP$
actions	NNS
will	MD
cause	VB
problems	NNS
for	IN
other	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
for	IN
other	JJ
career	NN
centers	NNS
.	.
A	DT
top-notch	JJ
applicant	NN
applies	VBZ
for	IN
two	CD
jobs	NNS
.	.
Company	NN
A	DT
extends	VBZ
an	DT
offer	NN
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
first	JJ
and	CC
tells	VBZ
the	DT
student	NN
that	IN
he	PRP
has	VBZ
24	CD
hours	NNS
to	TO
accept	VB
or	CC
the	DT
offer	NN
is	VBZ
no	RB
longer	RB
extended	VBN
.	.
The	DT
student	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
heard	VBN
from	IN
Company	NN
B.	NNP
In	NNP
order	NN
not	RB
to	TO
lose	VB
the	DT
job	NN
offer	NN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
feels	VBZ
compelled	VBN
to	TO
accept	VB
the	DT
offer	NN
of	IN
Company	NNP
A.	NNP
Two	CD
days	NNS
after	IN
he	PRP
has	VBZ
accepted	VBN
A	DT
's	POS
offer	NN
,	,
Company	NN
B	NNP
extends	VBZ
a	DT
better	JJR
offer	NN
.	.
The	DT
student	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
potential	JJ
to	TO
move	VB
faster	RBR
and	CC
go	VB
further	RBR
if	IN
he	PRP
joins	VBZ
Company	NN
B.	NNP
He	PRP
reneges	VBZ
on	IN
Company	NN
A.	NN
The	NNP
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
learns	VBZ
of	IN
this	DT
after	IN
the	DT
student	NN
had	VBD
reneged	VBN
upon	IN
the	DT
job	NN
offer	NN
.	.
``	``
Employment	NNP
professionals	NNS
will	MD
know	VB
the	DT
recruitment	NN
and	CC
career	NN
development	NN
field	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
industry	NN
and	CC
the	DT
employing	VBG
organization	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
represent	VBP
,	,
and	CC
work	NN
within	IN
a	DT
framework	NN
of	IN
professionally	RB
accepted	VBN
recruiting	NN
,	,
interviewing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
selection	NN
techniques	NNS
.	.
''	''
c.	NN
Career	NNP
Services	NNP
Principle	NNP
#	#
10	CD
-	:
``	``
educating	VBG
students	NNS
about	IN
obligations	NNS
''	''
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
will	MD
advise	VB
students	NNS
about	IN
their	PRP$
obligations	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
and	CC
establish	VB
mechanisms	NNS
to	TO
encourage	VB
their	PRP$
compliance	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
'	POS
obligations	NNS
include	VBP
providing	VBG
accurate	JJ
information	NN
;	:
adhering	VBG
to	TO
schedules	NNS
;	:
accepting	VBG
an	DT
offer	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
in	IN
good	JJ
faith	NN
;	:
notifying	VBG
employers	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
timely	JJ
basis	NN
of	IN
an	DT
acceptance	NN
or	CC
nonacceptance	NN
and	CC
withdrawing	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
process	NN
after	IN
accepting	VBG
an	DT
offer	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
;	:
interviewing	VBG
only	RB
with	IN
employers	NNS
for	IN
whom	WP
students	NNS
are	VBP
interested	JJ
in	IN
working	VBG
and	CC
whose	WP$
eligibility	NN
requirements	NNS
they	PRP
meet	VBP
;	:
and	CC
requesting	VBG
reimbursement	NN
of	IN
only	RB
reasonable	JJ
and	CC
legitimate	JJ
expenses	NNS
incurred	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
.	.
''	''
A	DT
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
Committee	NNP
Position	NNP
Paper	NNP
.	.
''	''
f.	NNP
Similarly	RB
,	,
consider	VB
making	VBG
special	JJ
note	NN
of	IN
this	DT
issue	NN
in	IN
the	DT
orientation	NN
literature	NN
and	CC
verbal	JJ
presentations	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
regarding	VBG
on-campus	JJ
recruiting	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
employment	NN
programs	NNS
run	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
.	.
Neither	CC
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
director	NN
nor	CC
the	DT
supervising	VBG
faculty	NN
were	VBD
notified	VBN
of	IN
these	DT
occurrences	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
director	NN
found	VBD
out	RP
,	,
she	PRP
called	VBD
the	DT
company	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
told	VBN
that	IN
because	IN
this	DT
was	VBD
an	DT
employment	NN
matter	NN
,	,
the	DT
company	NN
had	VBD
to	TO
treat	VB
that	DT
information	NN
confidentially	RB
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
was	VBD
upset	VBN
about	IN
not	RB
having	VBG
been	VBN
contacted	VBN
,	,
yet	RB
there	EX
was	VBD
nothing	NN
in	IN
the	DT
participation	NN
agreement	NN
between	IN
the	DT
school	NN
and	CC
the	DT
employer	NN
that	WDT
obligated	VBD
the	DT
employer	NN
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
is	VBZ
concerned	VBN
on	IN
several	JJ
counts	NNS
.	.
These	DT
students	NNS
are	VBP
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
course	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
albeit	IN
non-credit	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
verified	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
registrar	NN
's	POS
office	NN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
students	NNS
leave	VBP
the	DT
work	NN
site	NN
prematurely	RB
,	,
for	IN
whatever	WDT
reason	NN
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
considered	VBN
as	IN
having	VBG
dropped	VBD
the	DT
course	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
no	RB
longer	RB
enrolled	VBN
in	IN
school	NN
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
is	VBZ
concerned	VBN
about	IN
the	DT
liability	NN
while	IN
the	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
work	NN
site	NN
,	,
and	CC
also	RB
after	IN
the	DT
student	NN
quits	VBZ
or	CC
is	VBZ
terminated	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
internship	NN
,	,
and	CC
before	IN
the	DT
student	NN
commences	VBZ
taking	VBG
courses	NNS
again	RB
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
students	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
terminated	VBN
mid-stream	NN
can	MD
lose	VB
scholarships	NNS
.	.
Compounding	VBG
the	DT
situation	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
a	DT
significant	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
are	VBP
slated	VBN
to	TO
go	VB
out	RP
on	IN
these	DT
assignments	NNS
this	DT
summer	NN
.	.
Yes	RB
and	CC
no.	RB
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
because	IN
the	DT
receipt	NN
of	IN
academic	JJ
credit	NN
does	VBZ
have	VB
serious	JJ
impacts	NNS
upon	IN
a	DT
student	NN
who	WP
quits	VBZ
or	CC
is	VBZ
discharged	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
work	NN
site	NN
before	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
semester	NN
and	CC
because	IN
the	DT
awarding	NN
of	IN
academic	JJ
credit	NN
requires	VBZ
a	DT
higher	JJR
level	NN
of	IN
interaction	NN
between	IN
the	DT
college	NN
and	CC
the	DT
employer	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
a	DT
stronger	JJR
partnership	NN
.	.
No	DT
,	,
because	IN
even	RB
if	IN
the	DT
internship	NN
did	VBD
not	RB
receive	VB
academic	JJ
credit	NN
,	,
and	CC
hence	RB
,	,
the	DT
relationship	NN
was	VBD
less	JJR
formal	JJ
between	IN
the	DT
college	NN
and	CC
the	DT
employer	NN
,	,
the	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
situations	NNS
are	VBP
disturbing	JJ
and	CC
merit	NN
disclosure	NN
to	TO
the	DT
college	NN
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
but	CC
in	IN
doing	VBG
so	RB
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
should	MD
exercise	VB
careful	JJ
judgment	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
the	DT
application	NN
of	IN
fair	JJ
and	CC
consistent	JJ
standards	NNS
in	IN
all	DT
other	JJ
similar	JJ
situations	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
a	DT
student	NN
's	POS
academic	JJ
status	NN
should	MD
not	RB
preclude	VB
the	DT
student	NN
from	IN
complying	VBG
with	IN
company	NN
policies	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
.	.
The	DT
company	NN
should	MD
follow	VB
normal	JJ
disciplinary	JJ
policies	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
as	RB
with	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
intern	NN
or	CC
employee	NN
of	IN
the	DT
company	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
some	DT
policy	NN
violations	NNS
are	VBP
grounds	NNS
for	IN
immediate	JJ
dismissal	NN
,	,
where	WRB
other	JJ
violations	NNS
may	MD
require	VB
a	DT
verbal	JJ
or	CC
written	VBN
warning	NN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
corrective	JJ
action	NN
plan	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
They	PRP
should	MD
take	VB
quick	JJ
action	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
through	IN
their	PRP$
discussion	NN
with	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
and	CC
possible	JJ
further	JJ
investigation	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
i.e.	FW
,	,
interviewing	VBG
other	JJ
interns	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
whether	IN
Greenwood	NNP
Technologies	NNPS
provides	VBZ
a	DT
safe	JJ
and	CC
sound	JJ
working	VBG
environment	NN
.	.
If	IN
it	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
,	,
then	RB
they	PRP
should	MD
assist	VB
the	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
obtaining	VBG
other	JJ
work	NN
experiences	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
the	DT
participation	NN
agreement	NN
should	MD
be	VB
revised	VBN
to	TO
include	VB
,	,
if	IN
it	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
,	,
information	NN
for	IN
the	DT
student	NN
that	WDT
describes	VBZ
the	DT
expectations	NNS
and	CC
policies\/procedures	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
risks	NNS
of	IN
losing	VBG
a	DT
scholarship	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
related	JJ
student	NN
opportunities	NNS
or	CC
benefits	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
internship	NN
program	NN
.	.
An	DT
employer	NN
revokes	VBZ
an	DT
employment	NN
offer	VBP
a	DT
month	NN
before	IN
Sandy	NNP
Dee	NNP
was	VBD
to	TO
begin	VB
work	NN
for	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
She	PRP
is	VBZ
told	VBN
that	IN
when	WRB
the	DT
employer	NN
made	VBD
the	DT
job	NN
offer	NN
,	,
the	DT
company	NN
's	POS
personnel	NNS
needs	VBZ
for	IN
the	DT
coming	JJ
year	NN
were	VBD
overestimated	VBN
.	.
While	IN
apologetic	JJ
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
offer	VB
her	PRP$
any	DT
financial	JJ
assistance	NN
.	.
The	DT
employer	NN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
offers	VBZ
to	TO
send	VB
her	PRP$
resume	VB
to	TO
other	JJ
companies	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
hiring	VBG
and	CC
to	TO
give	VB
Sandy	NNP
a	DT
good	JJ
reference	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
``	``
We	PRP
would	MD
have	VB
hired	VBN
her	PRP$
had	VBD
it	PRP
not	RB
been	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
miscalculation	NN
in	IN
staffing	NN
needs	NNS
.	.
''	''
Fortunately	RB
,	,
Sandy	NNP
has	VBZ
not	RB
relocated	VBN
because	IN
the	DT
job	NN
was	VBD
local	JJ
.	.
``	``
Employment	NNP
professionals	NNS
will	MD
supply	VB
accurate	JJ
information	NN
on	IN
their	PRP$
organization	NN
and	CC
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
.	.
Employing	VBG
organizations	NNS
are	VBP
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
information	NN
supplied	VBD
and	CC
commitments	NNS
made	VBN
by	IN
their	PRP$
representatives	NNS
.	.
If	IN
conditions	NNS
change	VBP
and	CC
require	VBP
the	DT
employing	VBG
organization	NN
to	TO
revoke	VB
its	PRP$
commitment	NN
,	,
the	DT
employing	VBG
organization	NN
will	MD
pursue	VB
a	DT
course	NN
of	IN
action	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
fair	JJ
and	CC
equitable	JJ
.	.
''	''
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Employer	NN
Principle	NNP
#	#
2	LS
-	:
``	``
professional	JJ
knowledge	NN
''	''
Fall	NN
2002	CD
start	NN
date	NN
,	,
the	DT
candidate	NN
is	VBZ
under	IN
no	DT
further	JJ
obligation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
She	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
compensated	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
waiting	VBG
,	,
as	IN
specified	VBN
within	IN
the	DT
terms	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
delayed	VBN
offer	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
still	RB
May	NNP
2002	CD
and	CC
she	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
up	RB
front	JJ
with	IN
B&B	NNP
,	,
Inc.	NNP
about	IN
her	PRP$
consideration	NN
to	TO
reactivate	VB
her	PRP$
job	NN
search	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
really	RB
the	DT
candidate	NN
's	POS
decision	NN
as	IN
to	TO
``	``
wait	VB
it	PRP
out	RP
any	DT
further	JJ
''	''
.	.
However	RB
,	,
nineteen	JJ
months	NNS
is	VBZ
a	DT
long	JJ
time	NN
to	TO
delay	VB
one	CD
's	POS
job	NN
search	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
pattern	NN
for	IN
continued	VBN
delays	NNS
described	VBD
above	IN
does	VBZ
not	RB
bode	VB
well	RB
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
,	,
I	PRP
might	MD
advise	VB
her	PRP
to	TO
commence	VB
job	NN
search	NN
activity	NN
at	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
and	CC
advise	VB
the	DT
employer	NN
as	IN
to	TO
her	PRP$
concerns	NNS
and	CC
actions	NNS
.	.
Two	CD
years	NNS
ago	IN
a	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
received	VBD
a	DT
modest	JJ
research	NN
grant	NN
of	IN
$	$
100,000	CD
from	IN
Corporation	NNP
X.	NNP
Now	RB
the	DT
corporation	NN
's	POS
senior	JJ
vice	NN
president	NN
for	IN
research	NN
and	CC
development	NN
,	,
a	DT
university	NN
alum	NN
and	CC
generous	JJ
contributor	NN
,	,
announces	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
that	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
is	VBZ
contemplating	VBG
a	DT
fuller	JJR
,	,
ongoing	JJ
relationship	NN
with	IN
the	DT
university	NN
that	WDT
could	MD
very	RB
well	RB
lead	VB
to	TO
gifts	NNS
totaling	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
millions	NNS
of	IN
dollars	NNS
.	.
This	DT
money	NN
would	MD
provide	VB
many	JJ
scholarships	NNS
and	CC
assistantships	NNS
for	IN
current	JJ
and	CC
future	JJ
students	NNS
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
funding	NN
for	IN
faculty	NN
chairs	NNS
that	WDT
would	MD
attract	VB
and	CC
retain	VB
top	JJ
research	NN
faculty	NN
.	.
Given	VBN
the	DT
university	NN
's	POS
shaky	JJ
financial	JJ
situation	NN
,	,
this	DT
is	VBZ
exciting	JJ
news	NN
.	.
The	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
agrees	VBZ
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
and	CC
even	RB
rank	JJ
orders	NNS
the	DT
students	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
recruiter	NN
.	.
The	DT
word	NN
gets	VBZ
out	RP
to	TO
seniors	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
department	NN
and	CC
they	PRP
are	VBP
angry	JJ
.	.
Several	JJ
meet	VBP
with	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
director	NN
to	TO
register	VB
their	PRP$
complaint	NN
.	.
They	PRP
ask	VBP
if	IN
Corporation	NNP
X	NNP
had	VBD
listed	VBN
its	PRP$
job	NN
with	IN
the	DT
office	NN
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
discovers	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
company	NN
has	VBZ
not	RB
listed	VBN
the	DT
job	NN
with	IN
the	DT
office	NN
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
has	VBZ
declined	VBN
invitations	NNS
to	TO
take	VB
part	NN
in	IN
on-campus	JJ
recruiting	NN
and	CC
the	DT
fall	NN
job	NN
fair	JJ
.	.
The	DT
students	NNS
are	VBP
upset	JJ
and	CC
believe	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
be	VB
unfair	JJ
since	IN
the	DT
selection	NN
of	IN
the	DT
top	JJ
five	CD
was	VBD
not	RB
necessarily	RB
based	VBN
upon	IN
grades	NNS
,	,
but	CC
the	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
's	POS
subjective	JJ
opinion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
takes	VBZ
this	DT
up	RP
with	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
.	.
The	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
points	VBZ
out	RP
the	DT
``	``
facts	NNS
of	IN
life	NN
''	''
in	IN
these	DT
hard	JJ
economic	JJ
times	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
states	VBZ
that	IN
this	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
win-win	JJ
situation	NN
.	.
These	DT
students	NNS
get	VBP
service	NN
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
gets	VBZ
funding	NN
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
pursues	VBZ
this	DT
with	IN
the	DT
department	NN
head	NN
,	,
then	RB
the	DT
dean	NN
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
rebuffed	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
attitude	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
several	JJ
relevant	JJ
facts	NNS
that	WDT
frame	VBP
this	DT
case	NN
.	.
Two	CD
years	NNS
after	IN
funding	VBG
a	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
at	IN
a	DT
modest	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
support	NN
,	,
Corporation	NNP
X	NNP
publicly	RB
announced	VBD
its	PRP$
intention	NN
to	TO
consider	VB
a	DT
major	JJ
,	,
long-term	JJ
,	,
broadly	RB
distributed	VBN
investment	NN
with	IN
the	DT
financially	RB
troubled	JJ
university	NN
.	.
``	``
Neither	DT
employment	NN
professionals	NNS
nor	CC
their	PRP$
organizations	NNS
will	MD
expect	VB
,	,
or	CC
seek	VB
to	TO
extract	VB
,	,
special	JJ
favors	NNS
or	CC
treatment	NN
which	WDT
would	MD
influence	VB
the	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
support	NN
,	,
or	CC
the	DT
level	NN
of	IN
the	DT
support	NN
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
educational	JJ
institution	NN
or	CC
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
in	IN
the	DT
form	NN
of	IN
contributed	VBN
services	NNS
,	,
gifts	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
financial	JJ
support	NN
.	.
''	''
Number	NN
10	CD
reads	VBZ
:	:
``	``
When	WRB
employment	NN
professionals	NNS
conduct	VBP
recruitment	NN
activities	NNS
through	IN
student	NN
associations	NNS
or	CC
academic	JJ
departments	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
activities	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
conducted	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
policies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
.	.
''	''
The	DT
ethical	JJ
issues	NNS
in	IN
this	DT
situation	NN
center	NN
around	IN
special	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
and	CC
an	DT
undeniable	JJ
appearance	NN
of	IN
favoritism	NN
towards	IN
some	DT
students	NNS
by	IN
a	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
.	.
A	DT
collateral	NN
issue	NN
,	,
not	RB
necessarily	RB
a	DT
moral	JJ
one	CD
,	,
may	MD
be	VB
departure	NN
from	IN
the	DT
policies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
because	IN
of	IN
ignorance	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
protocols	NNS
.	.
What	WP
are	VBP
the	DT
pros	NNS
and	CC
cons	NNS
of	IN
those	DT
options	NNS
?	.
Reflex	NN
responses	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
situation	NN
could	MD
include	VB
the	DT
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
Director	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CSD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
contacting	VBG
the	DT
recruiter	NN
and	CC
correcting	VBG
him\/her	NN
.	.
Another	DT
might	MD
be	VB
for	IN
the	DT
CSD	NNP
to	TO
request	VB
a	DT
meeting	NN
involving	VBG
the	DT
dean	NN
,	,
chair	NN
,	,
faculty	NN
member	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
hash	VB
things	NNS
out	RP
.	.
Both	DT
of	IN
these	DT
approaches	NNS
could	MD
become	VB
confrontational	JJ
.	.
Yet	RB
another	DT
would	MD
be	VB
to	TO
use	VB
a	DT
positive	JJ
approach	NN
that	WDT
treats	VBZ
the	DT
dispute	NN
as	IN
an	DT
educational	JJ
opportunity	NN
for	IN
all	DT
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
to	TO
learn	VB
from	IN
the	DT
experience	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
achieve	VB
greater	JJR
goals	NNS
and	CC
,	,
not	RB
coincidentally	RB
,	,
to	TO
align	VB
everyone	NN
's	POS
conduct	NN
with	IN
Career	NNP
Services	NNP
'	POS
practices	NNS
.	.
To	TO
limit	VB
interviews	NNS
only	RB
to	TO
top	JJ
students	NNS
actually	RB
makes	VBZ
it	PRP
harder	RBR
for	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
to	TO
recruit	VB
the	DT
right	JJ
people	NNS
into	IN
most	JJS
jobs	NNS
since	IN
most	JJS
jobs	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
require	VB
an	DT
employee	NN
whose	WP$
principal	JJ
strength	NN
is	VBZ
intellectual	JJ
excellence	NN
.	.
Instead	RB
,	,
they	PRP
draw	VBP
on	IN
a	DT
portfolio	NN
of	IN
capabilities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
pros	NNS
and	CC
cons	NNS
of	IN
those	DT
options	NNS
are	VBP
evident	JJ
.	.
Acting	NNP
out	IN
one	CD
's	POS
frustrations	NNS
rarely	RB
leads	VBZ
to	TO
anything	NN
useful	JJ
and	CC
often	RB
create	VB
barriers	NNS
to	TO
cooperation	NN
.	.
On	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
hand	NN
,	,
openness	NN
to	TO
learning	VBG
from	IN
experience	NN
and	CC
willingness	NN
to	TO
assume	VB
that	IN
most	JJS
errors	NNS
originate	VBP
from	IN
ignorance	NN
rather	RB
than	IN
from	IN
arrogance	NN
enable	VBP
the	DT
CSD	NNP
to	TO
engage	VB
everyone	NN
as	IN
a	DT
contributor	NN
to	TO
a	DT
useful	JJ
solution	NN
.	.
People	NNS
support	NN
plans	VBZ
to	TO
which	WDT
they	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
invited	VBN
to	TO
contribute	VB
.	.
Some	DT
additional	JJ
information	NN
could	MD
be	VB
useful	JJ
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
reach	VB
a	DT
conclusion	NN
on	IN
how	WRB
to	TO
proceed	VB
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
ignorance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
expanded	VBN
relationship	NN
between	IN
the	DT
university	NN
and	CC
Corporation	NNP
X.	NNP
A	DT
company	NN
's	POS
direct	JJ
intention	NN
in	IN
such	JJ
relationships	NNS
almost	RB
always	RB
deals	VBZ
only	RB
with	IN
obtaining	VBG
intellectual	JJ
property	NN
rights	NNS
and	CC
promoting	VBG
the	DT
company	NN
's	POS
general	JJ
reputation	NN
.	.
Greater	NNP
access	NN
to	TO
top	JJ
talent	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
indirect	JJ
intention	NN
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
belief	NN
that	WDT
students	NNS
will	MD
want	VB
to	TO
pursue	VB
careers	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
highly	RB
visible	JJ
and	CC
generous	JJ
employer	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
there	EX
should	MD
be	VB
no	DT
need	NN
for	IN
the	DT
company	NN
to	TO
limit	VB
its	PRP$
recruiting	NN
efforts	NNS
to	TO
top	JJ
prospects	NNS
nominated	VBN
by	IN
faculty	NN
.	.
The	DT
CSD	NNP
should	MD
acquaint	VB
himself\/herself	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
terms	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
relationship	NN
to	TO
assure	VB
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
consistent	JJ
with	IN
such	JJ
standards	NNS
.	.
The	DT
vice	NN
president	NN
of	IN
the	DT
company	NN
,	,
who	WP
will	MD
be	VB
interviewing	VBG
the	DT
students	NNS
is	VBZ
in	IN
attendance	NN
,	,
and	CC
there	EX
are	VBP
some	DT
``	``
age	NN
appropriate	JJ
''	''
employees	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
to	TO
mingle	VB
with	IN
the	DT
invitees	NNS
and	CC
chat	VB
with	IN
them	PRP
about	IN
the	DT
company	NN
.	.
The	DT
VP	NNP
plans	VBZ
to	TO
make	VB
less	JJR
than	IN
a	DT
10-minute	JJ
presentation	NN
because	IN
he	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
want	VB
to	TO
ruin	VB
the	DT
party	NN
atmosphere	NN
by	IN
a	DT
serious	JJ
presentation	NN
.	.
The	DT
VP	NNP
approaches	VBZ
Jane	NNP
because	IN
he	PRP
knows	VBZ
that	IN
she	PRP
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
top	JJ
candidates	NNS
that	WDT
Cosmic	NNP
is	VBZ
interested	JJ
in	IN
hiring	VBG
.	.
He	PRP
begins	VBZ
to	TO
make	VB
small	JJ
talk	NN
,	,
and	CC
then	RB
offers	VBZ
her	PRP
a	DT
margarita	NN
.	.
Jane	NNP
says	VBZ
that	IN
she	PRP
would	MD
really	RB
just	RB
like	IN
some	DT
bottled	JJ
water	NN
.	.
The	DT
VP	NNP
is	VBZ
incredulous	JJ
at	IN
first	JJ
and	CC
teases	VBZ
her	PRP$
a	DT
little	JJ
saying	VBG
it	PRP
is	VBZ
``	``
okay	JJ
to	TO
loosen	VB
up	RP
''	''
and	CC
``	``
I	PRP
wo	MD
n't	RB
tell	VB
your	PRP$
mother	NN
,	,
''	''
but	CC
soon	RB
realizes	VBZ
that	IN
bottled	JJ
water	NN
is	VBZ
what	WP
Jane	NNP
wants	VBZ
.	.
After	IN
a	DT
few	JJ
more	JJR
awkward	JJ
moments	NNS
,	,
the	DT
VP	NNP
goes	VBZ
to	TO
talk	VB
to	TO
someone	NN
else	RB
and	CC
Jane	NNP
leaves	VBZ
not	RB
sure	JJ
whether	IN
she	PRP
wants	VBZ
to	TO
work	VB
for	IN
Global	NNP
.	.
What	WP
if	IN
this	DT
employer	NN
's	POS
culture	NN
did	VBD
promote	VB
`	``
controlled	VBN
drinking	NN
,	,
'	''
that	WDT
is	VBZ
,	,
every	DT
Friday	NNP
afternoon	NN
the	DT
employer	NN
throws	VBZ
a	DT
beer	NN
,	,
wine	NN
,	,
and	CC
chips	NNS
`	``
TGIF	NNP
party	NN
'	''
for	IN
its	PRP$
employees	NNS
.	.
Does	VBZ
that	IN
change	NN
your	PRP$
view	NN
of	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
holding	VBG
such	PDT
an	DT
event	NN
?	.
He	PRP
offers	VBZ
her	PRP$
an	DT
alcoholic	JJ
beverage	NN
,	,
but	CC
she	PRP
replies	VBZ
she	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
water	NN
.	.
g.	NNP
The	NNP
VP	NNP
teases	VBZ
her	PRP$
about	IN
her	PRP$
refusal	NN
,	,
then	RB
gets	VBZ
her	PRP
water	NN
.	.
h.	NNP
Their	PRP$
interaction	NN
has	VBZ
become	VBN
``	``
awkward	JJ
,	,
''	''
and	CC
he	PRP
leaves	VBZ
here	RB
to	TO
talk	VB
to	TO
someone	NN
else	RB
.	.
i.	NNP
The	NNP
following	VBG
day	NN
,	,
the	DT
VP	NNP
reminds	VBZ
the	DT
students	NNS
that	IN
all	DT
job	NN
offers	NNS
are	VBP
contingent	JJ
on	IN
passing	VBG
a	DT
drug\/alcohol	NN
screen	NN
.	.
Principles	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
company	NN
wants	VBZ
to	TO
offer	VB
an	DT
event	NN
that	WDT
presents	VBZ
a	DT
``	``
fun	NN
''	''
view	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
culture	NN
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
advised	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
same	JJ
type	NN
of	IN
event	NN
but	CC
without	IN
the	DT
alcohol	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
Vice	NNP
President	NNP
insists	VBZ
on	IN
having	VBG
alcoholic	JJ
beverages	NNS
,	,
make	VBP
sure	JJ
that	IN
invitees	NNS
understand	VBP
that	IN
attending	VBG
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
requirement	NN
and	CC
that	IN
they	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
judged	VBN
negatively	RB
for	IN
not	RB
being	VBG
there	RB
.	.
If	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
important	JJ
information	NN
to	TO
be	VB
conveyed	VBN
,	,
do	VBP
a	DT
formal	JJ
presentation	NN
first	RB
,	,
then	RB
invite	VB
students	NNS
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
stay	VB
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
way	NN
students	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
interested	JJ
in	IN
``	``
real	JJ
''	''
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
activities	NNS
can	MD
gain	VB
that	DT
without	IN
having	VBG
to	TO
be	VB
part	NN
of	IN
an	DT
event	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
alcohol	NN
use	NN
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
should	MD
also	RB
be	VB
clear	JJ
on	IN
university	NN
policies	NNS
governing	VBG
alcohol	NN
use	NN
in	IN
off	JJ
campus	NN
events	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
.	.
d.	NNP
The	NNP
career	NN
services	NNS
director	NN
should	MD
make	VB
certain	JJ
that	IN
literature	NN
sent	VBN
to	TO
employers	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
start	NN
of	IN
each	DT
recruiting	NN
year	NN
include	VBP
the	DT
NACE	NNP
``	``
No	DT
Alcohol	NN
in	IN
Campus	NNP
Recruiting	NNP
Policy	NNP
''	''
letter	NN
.	.
e.	FW
The	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
should	MD
make	VB
a	DT
special	JJ
effort	NN
to	TO
prepare	VB
students	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
possibility	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
involved	VBN
in	IN
such	JJ
activities	NNS
and	CC
how	WRB
they	PRP
may	MD
respond	VB
.	.
f.	NNP
The	NNP
career	NN
services	NNS
director	NN
should	MD
encourage	VB
the	DT
college	NN
relations	NNS
head	VBP
to	TO
explore	VB
the	DT
company	NN
's	POS
legal	JJ
liabilities	NNS
with	IN
its	PRP$
legal	JJ
department	NN
.	.
The	DT
presentation	NN
can	MD
be	VB
adapted	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
audiences	NNS
for	IN
members	NNS
'	POS
use	NN
at	IN
professional	JJ
conferences	NNS
,	,
in	IN
their	PRP$
own	JJ
organizations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
with	IN
individual	JJ
staff	NN
members	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
suggested	VBN
that	IN
when	WRB
the	DT
presentation	NN
is	VBZ
given	VBN
to	TO
large	JJ
audiences	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
professional	JJ
conference	NN
that	IN
both	DT
college	NN
and	CC
employer	NN
professionals	NNS
co-present	JJ
to	TO
enrich	VB
the	DT
discussion	NN
and	CC
to	TO
address	VB
how	WRB
all	DT
parties	NNS
can	MD
work	VB
together	RB
to	TO
address	VB
ethical	JJ
concerns	NNS
in	IN
our	PRP$
profession	NN
.	.
The	DT
presentation	NN
can	MD
also	RB
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
training	NN
tool	NN
within	IN
members	NNS
'	POS
work	NN
settings	NNS
to	TO
instruct	VB
new	JJ
employees	NNS
,	,
serve	VBP
as	IN
a	DT
refresher	NN
for	IN
current	JJ
employees	NNS
,	,
or	CC
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
program	NN
of	IN
in-service	JJ
training	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
always	RB
be	VB
possible	JJ
to	TO
train	VB
employees	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
group	NN
workshop	NN
and	CC
,	,
thus	RB
,	,
individual	JJ
employees	NNS
could	MD
view	VB
the	DT
presentation	NN
alone	RB
when	WRB
combined	VBN
with	IN
discussions	NNS
with	IN
their	PRP$
supervisors	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
Power	NNP
Point	NNP
presentation	NN
,	,
key	JJ
phrases	NNS
are	VBP
listed	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
essential	JJ
points	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
document	NN
.	.
Please	VB
refer	VB
to	TO
the	DT
following	JJ
resources	NNS
for	IN
further	JJ
explanation	NN
and	CC
for	IN
helpful	JJ
examples	NNS
to	TO
use	VB
in	IN
fleshing	VBG
out	RP
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
points	NNS
.	.
And	CC
,	,
finally	RB
,	,
although	IN
this	DT
presentation	NN
is	VBZ
intended	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
taught	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
single	JJ
90-minute	JJ
session	NN
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
modify	VB
the	DT
format	NN
to	TO
teach	VB
it	PRP
in	IN
two	CD
sessions	NNS
.	.
For	IN
instance	NN
,	,
the	DT
first	JJ
session	NN
could	MD
consist	VB
of	IN
a	DT
review	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Power	NNP
Point	NNP
presentation	NN
,	,
with	IN
follow-assignments	NNS
to	TO
read	VB
the	DT
above	JJ
resources	NNS
,	,
and	CC
concluding	VBG
with	IN
a	DT
second	JJ
session	NN
for	IN
further	JJ
discussion	NN
and	CC
case	NN
studies	NNS
.	.
Bentley	NNP
Contract	NNP
Recruiters	NNP
attends	VBZ
a	DT
career	NN
fair	NN
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
three	CD
different	JJ
employers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
names	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
employers	NNS
represented	VBN
are	VBP
disclosed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
sponsoring	VBG
the	DT
career	NN
fair	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
career	NN
fair	JJ
,	,
Sally	NNP
Smiley	NNP
,	,
one	CD
of	IN
Bentley	NNP
's	POS
representatives	NNS
,	,
talks	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
students	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
interested	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
job	NN
opportunities	NNS
offered	VBN
by	IN
her	PRP$
three	CD
client\/employers	NNS
.	.
Robert	NNP
Swift	NNP
,	,
the	DT
other	JJ
Bentley	NNP
representative	NN
,	,
walks	VBZ
around	IN
to	TO
the	DT
different	JJ
employer	NN
booths	NNS
giving	VBG
out	RP
the	DT
firm	NN
's	POS
card	NN
and	CC
soliciting	VBG
new	JJ
business	NN
.	.
During	IN
his	PRP$
walk	NN
around	IN
the	DT
career	NN
fair	JJ
,	,
Swift	NNP
spots	NNS
Queen	NNP
Legal	NNP
Associates	NNP
,	,
an	DT
employer\/client	NN
that	WDT
Swift	NNP
normally	RB
represents	VBZ
,	,
but	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
representing	VBG
at	IN
the	DT
career	NN
fair	NN
on	IN
this	DT
particular	JJ
occasion	NN
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
the	DT
day	NN
,	,
Swift	NNP
and	CC
Smiley	NNP
speak	VBP
to	TO
many	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
gather	VB
resumes	NNS
of	IN
those	DT
interested	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
Swift	NNP
advised	VBD
several	JJ
students	NNS
who	WP
were	VBD
not	RB
interested	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
three	CD
clients	NNS
he	PRP
was	VBD
representing	VBG
at	IN
the	DT
fair	JJ
to	TO
consider	VB
Queen	NNP
Legal	NNP
Associates	NNP
.	.
He	PRP
subsequently	RB
noticed	VBD
several	JJ
of	IN
these	DT
students	NNS
handing	VBG
in	IN
their	PRP$
resumes	NNS
to	TO
Queen	NNP
.	.
A	DT
few	JJ
days	NNS
after	IN
the	DT
career	NN
fair	JJ
,	,
Swift	NNP
sent	VBD
a	DT
letter	NN
to	TO
Queen	NNP
advising	VBG
them	PRP
that	WDT
should	MD
Queen	NNP
Legal	NNP
Associates	NNP
consider	VB
for	IN
hire	VB
any	DT
students	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
career	NN
fair	JJ
,	,
Queen	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
responsible	JJ
to	TO
pay	VB
Bentley	NNP
a	DT
fee	NN
for	IN
the	DT
hire	NN
.	.
Queen	NNP
is	VBZ
furious	JJ
at	IN
this	DT
letter	NN
.	.
The	DT
recruiter	NN
Sally	NNP
Smiley	NNP
appears	VBZ
to	TO
be	VB
the	DT
lead	NN
recruiter	NN
,	,
since	IN
she	PRP
conducted	VBD
all	PDT
the	DT
interviews	NNS
.	.
The	DT
recruiter	NN
Robert	NNP
Swift	NNP
had	VBD
no	DT
assigned	VBN
function	NN
at	IN
the	DT
career	NN
fair	NN
.	.
He	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
a	DT
trainee	NN
,	,
but	CC
maybe	RB
not	RB
.	.
His	PRP$
status	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
relevant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
facts	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
case	NN
,	,
but	CC
could	MD
be	VB
to	TO
its	PRP$
resolution	NN
.	.
The	DT
other	JJ
relevant	JJ
fact	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
Queen	NNP
,	,
a	DT
regular	JJ
client	NN
of	IN
Bentley	NNP
,	,
had	VBD
not	RB
engaged	VBN
Bentley	NNP
as	IN
its	PRP$
recruiter	NN
at	IN
this	DT
career	NN
fair	NN
.	.
And	CC
yet	RB
Bentley	NNP
's	POS
representative	NN
,	,
unasked	JJ
,	,
referred	VBD
students	NNS
to	TO
Queen	NNP
's	POS
recruiter	NN
and	CC
then	RB
billed	VBD
Queen	NNP
as	IN
if	IN
it	PRP
had	VBD
authorized	VBN
Bentley	NNP
to	TO
be	VB
its	PRP$
contingency-fee	JJ
recruiter	NN
at	IN
the	DT
career	NN
fair	NN
.	.
Queen	NNP
objected	VBD
to	TO
being	VBG
billed	VBN
for	IN
unauthorized	JJ
services	NNS
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
separate	JJ
issue	NN
,	,
other	JJ
employers	NNS
complained	VBD
about	IN
Bentley	NNP
's	POS
intrusive	JJ
conduct	NN
.	.
The	DT
client	NN
,	,
or	CC
clients	NNS
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
third-party	JJ
recruiter	NN
is	VBZ
representing	VBG
and	CC
to	TO
whom	WP
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
credentials	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
disclosed	VBN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
permitted	VBN
to	TO
verify	VB
this	DT
information	NN
by	IN
contacting	VBG
the	DT
named	VBN
client	NN
or	CC
clients	NNS
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
case	NN
of	IN
a	DT
resume	VB
referral	NN
entity	NN
,	,
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
clients	NNS
that	WDT
use	VBP
the	DT
services	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
entity	NN
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
available	JJ
.	.
''	''
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
Principle	NN
7	CD
states	NNS
:	:
``	``
Third-party	JJ
recruiters	NNS
attending	VBG
career	NN
fairs	NNS
will	MD
represent	VB
employers	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
authorized	VBN
them	PRP
and	CC
will	MD
disclose	VB
to	TO
career	NN
services	NNS
the	DT
names	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
represented	VBN
employers	NNS
.	.
''	''
Queen	NNP
for	IN
hires	NNS
resulting	VBG
from	IN
his	PRP$
referrals	NNS
.	.
By	IN
contrast	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
nothing	NN
in	IN
the	DT
case	NN
description	NN
to	TO
suggest	VB
that	IN
Sally	NNP
Smiley	NNP
failed	VBD
in	IN
any	DT
way	NN
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
.	.
This	DT
situation	NN
suggests	VBZ
that	IN
Swift	NNP
was	VBD
acting	VBG
on	IN
his	PRP$
own	JJ
initiative	NN
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
would	MD
point	VB
out	RP
that	IN
Swift	NNP
's	POS
actions	NNS
were	VBD
inconsistent	JJ
with	IN
Bentley	NNP
's	POS
standards	NNS
,	,
that	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
disruptive	JJ
,	,
and	CC
that	IN
the	DT
future	NN
of	IN
Bentley	NNP
's	POS
potential	JJ
business	NN
with	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
employers	NNS
was	VBD
unnecessarily	RB
jeopardized	VBN
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
might	MD
then	RB
ask	VB
Smiley	NNP
how	WRB
they	PRP
should	MD
proceed	VB
regarding	VBG
Swift	NNP
.	.
Would	MD
Smiley	NNP
recommend	VB
that	IN
the	DT
director	NN
have	VBP
a	DT
``	``
one-on-one	JJ
''	''
discussion	NN
with	IN
Swift	NNP
;	:
or	CC
would	MD
Smiley	NNP
,	,
whose	WP$
firm	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
stake	NN
in	IN
the	DT
outcome	NN
,	,
prefer	VBP
to	TO
correct	VB
Swift	NNP
according	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
checklist	NN
of	IN
items	NNS
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
director	NN
?	.
Either	DT
way	NN
,	,
a	DT
corrective	JJ
discussion	NN
with	IN
Swift	NNP
is	VBZ
in	IN
order	NN
.	.
The	DT
director	NN
should	MD
also	RB
consider	VB
barring	VBG
Swift	NNP
from	IN
participation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
campus	NN
's	POS
career	NN
services	NNS
functions	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
-	:
say	VB
,	,
a	DT
year	NN
-	:
to	TO
emphasize	VB
the	DT
seriousness	NN
of	IN
the	DT
transgression	NN
and	CC
to	TO
reinforce	VB
the	DT
message	NN
.	.
Recently	RB
,	,
Jetspeed	NNP
downsized	VBD
and	CC
eliminated	VBD
many	JJ
of	IN
its	PRP$
middle	JJ
managers	NNS
.	.
One	CD
individual	JJ
whose	WP$
job	NN
was	VBD
eliminated	VBN
was	VBD
Barbara	NNP
Smith	NNP
,	,
assistant	JJ
director	NN
of	IN
procurement	NN
and	CC
purchasing	NN
.	.
Barbara	NNP
was	VBD
a	DT
satisfactory	JJ
employee	NN
.	.
She	PRP
was	VBD
also	RB
a	DT
casual	JJ
friend	NN
of	IN
yours	NNS
.	.
A	DT
few	JJ
days	NNS
later	RB
,	,
you	PRP
receive	VBP
a	DT
telephone	NN
call	NN
from	IN
the	DT
Vice	NNP
President	NNP
of	IN
Human	NNP
Resources	NNPS
of	IN
Whatajet	NNP
,	,
whom	WP
you	PRP
met	VBD
several	JJ
months	NNS
ago	RB
at	IN
a	DT
professional	JJ
meeting	NN
.	.
Since	IN
then	RB
,	,
you	PRP
and	CC
she	PRP
actually	RB
had	VBD
lunch	NN
once	RB
or	CC
twice	RB
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
not	RB
currently	RB
a	DT
principles	NNS
that	WDT
directly	RB
relates	VBZ
to	TO
these	DT
issues	NNS
.	.
The	DT
closest	JJS
is	VBZ
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Employment	NNP
Professionals	NNP
#	#
2	LS
-	:
``	``
Employment	NNP
Professionals	NNP
will	MD
know	VB
the	DT
recruitment	NN
and	CC
career	NN
development	NN
field	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
industry	NN
and	CC
the	DT
employing	VBG
organization	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
represent	VBP
,	,
and	CC
work	NN
within	IN
a	DT
framework	NN
of	IN
professionally	RB
accepted	VBN
recruiting	NN
,	,
interviewing	VBG
and	CC
selection	NN
techniques	NNS
.	.
''	''
Do	VBP
the	DT
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
employment	NN
environment	NN
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
i.e.	FW
employees	NNS
changing	VBG
jobs	NNS
more	RBR
frequently	RB
,	,
companies	NNS
not	RB
keeping	VBG
employees	NNS
long	JJ
term	NN
,	,
employees	NNS
being	VBG
released	VBN
or	CC
downsized	VBN
through	IN
no	DT
fault	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
performance	NN
,	,
employers	NNS
being	VBG
held	VBN
accountable	JJ
for	IN
not	RB
checking	VBG
references	NNS
for	IN
problem	NN
hires	VBZ
-RRB-	-RRB-
merit	NN
changing	VBG
verification	NN
only	RB
policies	NNS
?	.
Ethically	RB
,	,
you	PRP
need	VBP
to	TO
follow	VB
the	DT
reference	NN
policy	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
,	,
even	RB
though	IN
your	PRP$
colleague	NN
assures	VBZ
you	PRP
that	IN
your	PRP$
response	NN
will	MD
be	VB
``	``
totally	RB
off	IN
the	DT
record	NN
.	.
''	''
You	PRP
might	MD
want	VB
to	TO
suggest	VB
an	DT
alternative	NN
of	IN
having	VBG
Barbara	NNP
get	VB
copies	NNS
of	IN
her	PRP$
evaluations	NNS
to	TO
share	VB
with	IN
the	DT
potential	JJ
employer	NN
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
future	NN
,	,
you	PRP
might	MD
want	VB
to	TO
re-evaluate	VB
the	DT
company	NN
's	POS
``	``
verification	NN
only	RB
''	''
policy	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
employees	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
left	VBN
the	DT
company	NN
a	DT
chance	NN
to	TO
have	VB
their	PRP$
employment	NN
record	NN
shared	VBN
with	IN
potential	JJ
employers	NNS
.	.
With	IN
multiple	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
state	NN
laws	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
beneficial	JJ
to	TO
see	VB
if	IN
your	PRP$
state	NN
provides	VBZ
protection	NN
against	IN
litigation	NN
concerns	NNS
.	.
Carl	NNP
,	,
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
at	IN
Northern	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
a	DT
major	JJ
mid-western	JJ
institution	NN
,	,
walked	VBD
out	IN
of	IN
the	DT
administration	NN
building	NN
shaking	VBG
his	PRP$
head	NN
.	.
His	PRP$
boss	NN
,	,
the	DT
Vice	NNP
President	NNP
for	IN
Student	NNP
Life	NNP
,	,
had	VBD
just	RB
delivered	VBN
news	NN
that	IN
Carl	NNP
had	VBD
a	DT
feeling	NN
might	MD
come	VB
some	DT
day	NN
.	.
Budget	NNP
needs	VBZ
and	CC
priorities	NNS
were	VBD
shifting	VBG
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
evil	JJ
eyes	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
bean	NN
counters	NNS
had	VBD
wandered	VBN
his	PRP$
way	NN
.	.
Nicole	NNP
,	,
the	DT
VP	NNP
,	,
explained	VBD
that	IN
she	PRP
had	VBD
no	DT
choice	NN
.	.
In	IN
spite	NN
of	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
's	POS
outstanding	JJ
academic	JJ
reputation	NN
,	,
especially	RB
in	IN
its	PRP$
engineering	NN
,	,
computer	NN
science	NN
,	,
and	CC
business	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
financial	JJ
priorities	NNS
required	VBN
that	IN
monies	NNS
be	VB
shifted	VBN
away	RB
from	IN
some	DT
areas	NNS
and	CC
into	IN
others	NNS
.	.
The	DT
institutional	JJ
budget	NN
committee	NN
,	,
in	IN
reviewing	VBG
various	JJ
options	NNS
,	,
concluded	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
operating	VBG
budget	NN
could	MD
be	VB
sustained	VBN
from	IN
external	JJ
sources	NNS
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
not	RB
unreasonable	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
committee	NN
's	POS
point	NN
of	IN
view	NN
to	TO
fund	VB
the	DT
office	NN
's	POS
current	JJ
and	CC
future	JJ
physical	JJ
needs	NNS
from	IN
revenues	NNS
generated	VBD
through	IN
the	DT
various	JJ
services	NNS
and	CC
events	NNS
held	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
center	NN
.	.
The	DT
idea	NN
of	IN
having	VBG
students	NNS
pay	VBP
a	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
fee	NN
had	VBD
been	VBN
floated	VBN
at	IN
one	CD
meeting	NN
,	,
but	CC
was	VBD
rejected	VBN
.	.
The	DT
office	NN
would	MD
have	VB
to	TO
become	VB
entrepreneurial	JJ
.	.
The	DT
next	JJ
day	NN
,	,
at	IN
the	DT
weekly	JJ
staff	NN
meeting	NN
,	,
Carl	NNP
quickly	RB
went	VBD
through	IN
the	DT
agenda	NN
and	CC
then	RB
shared	VBD
the	DT
news	NN
:	:
``	``
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
informed	VBN
that	IN
we	PRP
must	MD
assume	VB
a	DT
growing	VBG
responsibility	NN
for	IN
the	DT
operational	JJ
funds	NNS
needed	VBN
by	IN
this	DT
office	NN
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
begin	VB
effective	JJ
next	JJ
fall	NN
semester	NN
.	.
Then	RB
he	PRP
continued	VBD
,	,
``	``
I	PRP
raised	VBD
all	PDT
the	DT
objections	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
might	MD
expect	VB
,	,
but	CC
Nicole	NNP
said	VBD
her	PRP$
hands	NNS
were	VBD
tied	VBN
.	.
By	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
this	DT
week	NN
we	PRP
have	VBP
to	TO
submit	VB
a	DT
report	NN
on	IN
how	WRB
we	PRP
will	MD
deal	VB
with	IN
this	DT
.	.
I	PRP
've	VBP
been	VBN
up	RP
all	DT
night	NN
wrestling	VBG
with	IN
this	DT
and	CC
have	VBP
drafted	VBN
a	DT
proposal	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
e-mail	NN
to	TO
targeted	JJ
students	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
minority	NN
group	NN
students	NNS
,	,
specific	JJ
majors	NNS
,	,
students	NNS
with	IN
high	JJ
GPAs	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
promoting	VBG
organizations	NNS
and	CC
specific	JJ
``	``
quick-to-fill	NN
''	''
openings	NNS
:	:
$	$
20	CD
per	IN
student	NN
contacted	VBN
.	.
Packaging	NN
:	:
Three	CD
levels	NNS
of	IN
partnership	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
Platinum	NN
,	,
Gold	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Silver	NN
:	:
$	$
25,000	CD
,	,
$	$
10,000	CD
,	,
and	CC
$	$
5,000	CD
per	IN
year	NN
respectively	RB
-RRB-	-RRB-
:	:
depending	VBG
on	IN
contribution	NN
,	,
includes	VBZ
registration	NN
and	CC
priority	NN
scheduling	NN
for	IN
on-campus	JJ
interviewing	VBG
,	,
priority	NN
placement	NN
and	CC
logo	NN
sponsorship	NN
credit	NN
at	IN
career	NN
fairs	NNS
,	,
lunch	NN
with	IN
deans	NNS
and	CC
key	JJ
faculty	NN
,	,
student	NN
leadership	NN
luncheon	NN
tickets	NNS
,	,
tickets	NNS
to	TO
basketball	NN
and	CC
football	NN
games	NNS
,	,
four	CD
university	NN
golf	NN
course	NN
passes	VBZ
,	,
free	JJ
university	NN
parking	NN
for	IN
one	CD
year	NN
,	,
and	CC
acknowledgement	NN
of	IN
support	NN
for	IN
one	CD
year	NN
in	IN
career	NN
center	NN
reception	NN
area	NN
.	.
``	``
The	DT
Kept	NNP
University	NNP
,	,
''	''
corporate	JJ
research	NN
sponsorship	NN
in	IN
public	JJ
higher	JJR
education	NN
has	VBZ
risen	VBN
dramatically	RB
while	IN
government	NN
support	NN
has	VBZ
fallen	VBN
.	.
The	DT
authors	NNS
write	VBP
,	,
``	``
universities	NNS
,	,
once	RB
wary	JJ
beneficiaries	NNS
of	IN
corporate	JJ
largesse	NN
,	,
have	VBP
become	VBN
eager	JJ
co-capitalists	NNS
,	,
embracing	VBG
market	NN
values	NNS
as	IN
never	RB
before	RB
.	.
''	''
In	IN
this	DT
context	NN
,	,
then	RB
,	,
what	WP
is	VBZ
so	RB
wrong	JJ
about	IN
the	DT
above	JJ
proposal	NN
?	.
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
Principle	NNP
4	CD
:	:
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
will	MD
provide	VB
generally	RB
comparable	JJ
services	NNS
to	TO
all	DT
employers	NNS
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
whether	IN
the	DT
employers	NNS
contribute	VBP
services	NNS
,	,
gifts	NNS
,	,
or	CC
financial	JJ
support	NN
to	TO
the	DT
educational	JJ
institution	NN
or	CC
office	NN
and	CC
regardless	RB
of	IN
the	DT
level	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
support	NN
.	.
Might	NNP
not	RB
be	VB
politically	RB
tenable	JJ
in	IN
all	DT
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
,	,
unless	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
optional	JJ
.	.
On	IN
the	DT
other	JJ
hand	NN
,	,
it	PRP
could	MD
be	VB
implemented	VBN
.	.
It	PRP
could	MD
also	RB
be	VB
a	DT
service-specific	JJ
fee	NN
structure	NN
.	.
It	PRP
would	MD
set	VB
up	RP
some	DT
expectations	NNS
that	WDT
might	MD
be	VB
unreasonable	JJ
,	,
e.g.	FW
,	,
``	``
I	PRP
expect	VBP
x	SYM
number	NN
of	IN
job	NN
referrals	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
due	JJ
to	TO
paying	VBG
this	DT
fee	NN
.	.
''	''
As	IN
a	DT
regional	JJ
recruiting	NN
manager	NN
for	IN
a	DT
large	JJ
chemical	NN
company	NN
,	,
one	CD
of	IN
your	PRP$
responsibilities	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
hire	VB
experienced	JJ
personnel	NNS
for	IN
senior	JJ
technical	JJ
or	CC
management	NN
positions	NNS
.	.
In	IN
response	NN
to	TO
an	DT
ad	NN
that	WDT
your	PRP$
office	NN
placed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
trade	NN
web	NN
site	NN
,	,
you	PRP
received	VBD
the	DT
resume	VB
of	IN
a	DT
candidate	NN
who	WP
appeared	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
extremely	RB
well	RB
qualified	VBN
,	,
possessing	VBG
advanced	JJ
degrees	NNS
and	CC
significant	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
Subsequently	RB
,	,
an	DT
interview	NN
was	VBD
arranged	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
candidate	NN
and	CC
this	DT
went	VBD
quite	RB
well	RB
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
you	PRP
checked	VBD
the	DT
references	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
candidate	NN
provided	VBN
.	.
The	DT
references	NNS
were	VBD
positive	JJ
,	,
reinforcing	VBG
the	DT
impressions	NNS
that	IN
you	PRP
and	CC
other	JJ
employees	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
company	NN
had	VBD
of	IN
the	DT
candidate	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
just	RB
two	CD
months	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
position	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
company	NN
,	,
the	DT
employee	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
working	VBG
out	RP
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
would	MD
also	RB
seem	VB
that	IN
the	DT
candidate	NN
and\/or	CC
his	PRP$
references	NNS
overstated	VBD
his	PRP$
qualifications	NNS
.	.
Your	PRP$
company	NN
's	POS
probationary	JJ
period	NN
ends	VBZ
in	IN
three	CD
weeks	NNS
,	,
and	CC
you	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
decision	NN
to	TO
make	VB
.	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
terminate	VB
this	DT
person	NN
and	CC
prevent	VB
bigger	JJR
problems	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
,	,
or	CC
do	VB
you	PRP
try	VB
salvaging	VBG
the	DT
situation	NN
and	CC
working	VBG
with	IN
him	PRP
?	.
From	IN
professional	JJ
meetings	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
on	IN
friendly	JJ
terms	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
former	JJ
colleague	NN
who	WP
happens	VBZ
to	TO
work	VB
at	IN
your	PRP$
employee	NN
's	POS
former	JJ
company	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
familiar	JJ
with	IN
his	PRP$
work	NN
.	.
Something	NN
feels	VBZ
``	``
wrong	JJ
about	IN
this	DT
,	,
''	''
but	CC
you	PRP
decide	VBP
to	TO
call	VB
your	PRP$
colleague	NN
and	CC
inquire	VB
about	IN
the	DT
seeming	VBG
disconnect	VB
between	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
's	POS
performance	NN
and	CC
the	DT
reference	NN
provider	NN
's	POS
estimation	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
abilities	NNS
.	.
In	IN
response	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
former	JJ
colleague	NN
confesses	VBZ
that	IN
there	EX
were	VBD
problems	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
candidate	NN
but	CC
that	IN
the	DT
company	NN
generally	RB
gives	VBZ
positive	JJ
references	NNS
because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
increasingly	RB
litigious	JJ
environment	NN
in	IN
human	JJ
resources	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
have	VBP
some	DT
leeway	NN
since	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
is	VBZ
still	RB
within	IN
the	DT
probationary	JJ
period	NN
and	CC
can	MD
be	VB
dismissed	VBN
without	IN
extensive	JJ
repercussions	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
to	TO
preclude	VB
future	JJ
problems	NNS
like	IN
this	DT
,	,
what	WP
should	MD
you	PRP
do	VB
?	.
Employment	NNP
Professionals	NNP
Principle	NNP
#	#
2	CD
:	:
Employment	NNP
professionals	NNS
will	MD
know	VB
the	DT
recruitment	NN
and	CC
career	NN
development	NN
field	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
industry	NN
and	CC
the	DT
employing	VBG
organization	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
represent	VBP
,	,
and	CC
work	NN
within	IN
a	DT
framework	NN
of	IN
professionally	RB
accepted	VBN
recruiting	NN
,	,
interviewing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
selection	NN
techniques	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
rather	RB
than	IN
following	VBG
the	DT
established	VBN
procedure	NN
of	IN
reviewing	VBG
the	DT
resumes	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
who	WP
met	VBD
their	PRP$
hiring	NN
criteria	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
i.e.	FW
,	,
major	JJ
,	,
date	NN
of	IN
graduation	NN
,	,
degree	NN
level	NN
,	,
and	CC
citizenship	NN
status	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
requested	VBD
that	IN
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
staff	NN
provide	VB
him	PRP
with	IN
the	DT
names	NNS
of	IN
10	CD
students	NNS
they	PRP
would	MD
recommend	VB
for	IN
an	DT
interview	NN
.	.
Further	RB
,	,
the	DT
representative	NN
made	VBD
it	PRP
clear	JJ
that	IN
he	PRP
would	MD
work	VB
with	IN
another	DT
school	NN
if	IN
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
did	VBD
not	RB
comply	VB
with	IN
his	PRP$
request	NN
because	IN
he	PRP
does	VBZ
not	RB
``	``
have	VBP
the	DT
time	NN
to	TO
review	VB
20	CD
+	NN
resumes	VBZ
.	.
''	''
Referring	VBG
only	RB
selected	VBN
students	NNS
violates	VBZ
precepts	NNS
of	IN
``	``
open	JJ
and	CC
free	JJ
selection	NN
''	''
of	IN
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
;	:
fair	JJ
and	CC
equitable	JJ
recruitment	NN
process	NN
;	:
and	CC
support	NN
informed	VBN
and	CC
responsible	JJ
decision-making	NN
by	IN
candidates	NNS
.	.
The	DT
career	NN
center	NN
becomes	VBZ
a	DT
referral	NN
entity	NN
vs.	IN
an	DT
employment	NN
liaison	NN
and	CC
is	VBZ
,	,
therefore	RB
,	,
liable	JJ
to	TO
claims	NNS
of	IN
employment	NN
discrimination	NN
,	,
especially	RB
if	IN
subjective	JJ
and	CC
non-work-related	JJ
criteria	NNS
are	VBP
used	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
selection	NN
of	IN
referred	VBN
students	NNS
.	.
Decline	NN
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
request	NN
,	,
citing	VBG
the	DT
ethical	JJ
and	CC
legal	JJ
concerns	NNS
.	.
Explain	VB
further	JJ
screening	NN
tools	NNS
as	IN
noted	VBN
above	IN
in	IN
question	NN
5	CD
.	.
If	IN
Vanity	NNP
Corporation	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
influential	JJ
employer	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
major	JJ
donor	NN
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
prudent	JJ
to	TO
discuss	VB
the	DT
situation	NN
with	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
campus	NN
leadership	NN
and	CC
to	TO
keep	VB
them	PRP
apprised	VBN
of	IN
communications	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
third-party	JJ
recruiter	NN
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
only	RB
make	VB
a	DT
difference	NN
because	IN
many	JJ
career	NN
services	NNS
offices	NNS
have	VBP
policies	NNS
in	IN
place	NN
that	WDT
allow	VBP
these	DT
recruiters	NNS
to	TO
only	RB
post	VB
vacant	JJ
positions	NNS
vs.	IN
interviewing	VBG
on	IN
campus	NN
and	CC
having	VBG
access	NN
to	TO
candidate	NN
resumes	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
request	NN
were	VBD
made	VBN
of	IN
a	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
,	,
it	PRP
should	MD
not	RB
make	VB
a	DT
difference	NN
because	IN
faculty	NN
members	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
be	VB
liable	JJ
to	TO
claims	NNS
of	IN
employment	NN
discrimination	NN
,	,
as	RB
would	MD
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
,	,
if	IN
they	PRP
routinely	RB
referred	VBD
some	DT
students	NNS
vs.	IN
posting	VBG
the	DT
opportunity	NN
for	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
department	NN
.	.
Individuals	NNS
whose	WP$
autonomy	NN
is	VBZ
respected	VBN
will	MD
be	VB
asked	VBN
questions	NNS
,	,
provided	VBN
information	NN
,	,
or	CC
directed	VBN
to	TO
resources	NNS
that	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
evaluate	VB
and	CC
use	VB
in	IN
making	VBG
career	NN
decisions	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
recognize	VBP
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
often	RB
regarded	VBN
by	IN
students	NNS
as	IN
experts	NNS
,	,
and	CC
thus	RB
their	PRP$
suggestions	NNS
or	CC
comments	NNS
may	MD
carry	VB
considerable	JJ
influence	NN
.	.
This	DT
places	VBZ
a	DT
responsibility	NN
on	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
aware	JJ
of	IN
his\/her	NN
values	NNS
or	CC
biases	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
concerted	JJ
effort	NN
to	TO
keep	VB
them	PRP
out	IN
of	IN
dialogue	NN
with	IN
the	DT
student	NN
.	.
Even	RB
if	IN
the	DT
odds	NNS
are	VBP
truly	RB
against	IN
the	DT
individual	NN
,	,
the	DT
counselor	NN
can	MD
address	VB
this	DT
issue	NN
without	IN
imposing	VBG
a	DT
particular	JJ
point	NN
of	IN
view	NN
.	.
An	DT
approach	NN
would	MD
be	VB
to	TO
explore	VB
the	DT
challenges	NNS
the	DT
counselor	NN
sees	VBZ
in	IN
pursuing	VBG
desired	VBN
careers	NNS
or	CC
positions	NNS
and	CC
examine	VB
what	WP
it	PRP
will	MD
take	VB
for	IN
the	DT
student	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
these	DT
challenges	NNS
.	.
The	DT
counselor	NN
could	MD
present	VB
potential	JJ
roadblocks	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
way	NN
that	IN
simply	RB
adds	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
information	NN
.	.
The	DT
information	NN
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
phrased	VBN
to	TO
dissuade	VB
the	DT
student	NN
from	IN
a	DT
difficult	JJ
course	NN
.	.
Individuals	NNS
whose	WP$
autonomy	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
respected	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
employment	NN
professional	NN
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
with	IN
valid	JJ
and	CC
complete	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
and	CC
position	NN
,	,
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
time	NN
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
decision	NN
about	IN
an	DT
offer	NN
.	.
On	IN
the	DT
spot	NN
offers	VBZ
requiring	VBG
quick	JJ
decisions	NNS
,	,
signing	VBG
bonuses	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
revoked	VBN
quickly	RB
if	IN
the	DT
offer	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
accepted	VBN
within	IN
the	DT
tight	JJ
timeline	NN
,	,
and	CC
arbitrarily	RB
long	JJ
delays	NNS
in	IN
letting	VBG
the	DT
student	NN
know	VBP
about	IN
the	DT
outcome	NN
of	IN
an	DT
interview	NN
,	,
violate	VBP
the	DT
spirit	NN
of	IN
this	DT
principle	NN
.	.
An	DT
organization	NN
employing	VBG
interns	NNS
makes	VBZ
an	DT
offer	NN
to	TO
an	DT
exceptional	JJ
rising	VBG
senior	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
.	.
The	DT
offer	NN
is	VBZ
for	IN
a	DT
full-time	JJ
position	NN
effective	JJ
immediately	RB
following	VBG
graduation	NN
.	.
As	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
is	VBZ
desperate	JJ
for	IN
students	NNS
with	IN
this	DT
background	NN
,	,
a	DT
generous	JJ
signing	NN
bonus	NN
is	VBZ
included	VBN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
stipulates	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
student	NN
must	MD
give	VB
an	DT
answer	NN
before	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
September	NNP
,	,
at	IN
which	WDT
time	NN
the	DT
bonus	NN
and	CC
offer	NN
will	MD
be	VB
withdrawn	VBN
.	.
Employment	NNP
Agencies\/Organizations	NNPS
that	IN
list	NN
positions	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
client	NN
organizations	NNS
and	CC
receive	VBP
payment	NN
when	WRB
a	DT
referred	VBN
candidate	NN
is	VBZ
hired	VBN
.	.
The	DT
fee	NN
for	IN
listing	VBG
a	DT
position	NN
is	VBZ
paid	VBN
either	RB
by	IN
the	DT
firm	NN
listing	VBG
the	DT
opening	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
fee	NN
paid	VBN
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
by	IN
the	DT
candidate	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
hired	VBN
.	.
These	DT
are	VBP
organizations	NNS
that	WDT
contract	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
individuals	NNS
qualified	VBN
to	TO
perform	VB
specific	JJ
tasks	NNS
or	CC
complete	JJ
specific	JJ
projects	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
client	NN
organization	NN
.	.
Individuals	NNS
perform	VBP
work	NN
at	IN
the	DT
client	NN
organization	NN
,	,
but	CC
are	VBP
employed	VBN
and	CC
paid	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
agency	NN
.	.
B.	NNP
Unwanted	NNP
intrusion	NN
or	CC
disclosure	NN
of	IN
personal	JJ
facts	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
or	CC
a	DT
third	JJ
party	NN
C.	NNP
No	NNP
compelling	JJ
reason	NN
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
D.	NNP
Specific	JJ
areas	NNS
are	VBP
prohibited	VBN
from	IN
disclosure	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
medical	JJ
information	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
race	NN
,	,
national	JJ
origin	NN
,	,
marital	JJ
status	NN
,	,
sex	NN
,	,
religion	NN
,	,
and	CC
disability	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
Center	NNP
to	TO
release	VB
information	NN
contained	VBN
in	IN
my	PRP$
placement	NN
file	NN
to	TO
employers	NNS
,	,
educational	JJ
institutions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
foundations	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
assisting	VBG
me	PRP
in	IN
obtaining	VBG
employment	NN
,	,
admission	NN
to	TO
graduate	JJ
school	NN
,	,
fellowships	NNS
,	,
and\/or	CC
scholarships	NNS
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
doubt	NN
from	IN
the	DT
responses	NNS
that	WDT
electronic	JJ
recruiting	NN
is	VBZ
very	RB
important	JJ
to	TO
employers	NNS
.	.
Sixty-seven	CD
percent	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
67	CD
percent	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
employers	NNS
reported	VBD
that	IN
electronic	JJ
recruiting	NN
was	VBD
very	RB
important	JJ
in	IN
their	PRP$
overall	JJ
recruiting	NN
strategy	NN
,	,
and	CC
another	DT
28	CD
percent	NN
reported	VBD
it	PRP
was	VBD
somewhat	RB
important	JJ
.	.
National	NNP
recruiters	NNS
rated	VBD
the	DT
overall	JJ
importance	NN
of	IN
electronic	JJ
recruiting	NN
higher	JJR
than	IN
local	JJ
recruiters	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
74	CD
percent	NN
vs.	IN
58	CD
percent	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Overall	RB
,	,
electronic	JJ
recruiting	NN
was	VBD
most	RBS
important	JJ
in	IN
``	``
Providing	VBG
listings	NNS
of	IN
current	JJ
job	NN
openings	NNS
for	IN
which	WDT
you	PRP
are	VBP
actively	RB
recruiting	VBG
,	,
''	''
with	IN
81	CD
percent	NN
reporting	NN
this	DT
aspect	NN
was	VBD
very	RB
important	JJ
.	.
This	DT
was	VBD
the	DT
most	RBS
frequently	RB
mentioned	VBN
aspect	NN
,	,
and	CC
was	VBD
selected	VBN
by	IN
41	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
all	DT
recruiters	NNS
:	:
41	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
national	JJ
recruiters	NNS
and	CC
58	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
recruiters	NNS
as	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
two	CD
aspects	NNS
where	WRB
they	PRP
had	VBD
been	VBN
most	RBS
successful	JJ
.	.
Two	CD
other	JJ
aspects	NNS
most	RBS
frequently	RB
mentioned	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
total	JJ
group	NN
were	VBD
``	``
Creating	VBG
an	DT
overall	JJ
recruiting	NN
brand	NN
to	TO
convey	VB
a	DT
positive	JJ
image	NN
to	TO
potential	JJ
candidates	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
33	CD
percent	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
''	''
and	CC
``	``
Providing	VBG
background	NN
information	NN
on	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
to	TO
potential	JJ
candidates	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
32	CD
percent	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
''	''
There	EX
were	VBD
also	RB
some	DT
clear	JJ
differences	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
and	CC
local	JJ
recruiters	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
success	NN
in	IN
three	CD
other	JJ
aspects	NNS
listed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
survey	NN
.	.
Twenty-six	CD
percent	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
26	CD
percent	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
recruiters	NNS
reported	VBD
most	RBS
success	NN
in	IN
``	``
Creating	VBG
an	DT
overall	JJ
recruiting	NN
brand	NN
to	TO
convey	VB
a	DT
positive	JJ
image	NN
to	TO
potential	JJ
candidates	NNS
''	''
compared	VBN
to	TO
54	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
recruiters	NNS
.	.
Twenty-seven	CD
percent	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
27	CD
percent	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
recruiters	NNS
selected	VBN
``	``
On-line	JJ
application	NN
for	IN
positions	NNS
currently	RB
available	JJ
''	''
compared	VBN
to	TO
only	RB
15	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
recruiters	NNS
.	.
``	``
Our	PRP$
online	JJ
platform	NN
allows	VBZ
job	NN
seekers	NNS
to	TO
search	VB
and	CC
apply	VB
for	IN
positions	NNS
that	IN
interest	NN
them	PRP
,	,
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
posting	VBG
their	PRP$
resume	VB
to	TO
a	DT
general	JJ
pool	NN
that	IN
recruiters	NNS
can	MD
use	VB
to	TO
search	VB
for	IN
additional	JJ
candidates	NNS
.	.
The	DT
system	NN
is	VBZ
revolutionary	JJ
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
applicant	NN
tracking	NN
,	,
as	IN
seekers	NNS
enter	VBP
all	DT
information	NN
that	WDT
was	VBD
scanned	VBN
or	CC
manually	RB
entered	VBN
before	IN
.	.
Though	IN
we	PRP
still	RB
struggle	VBP
with	IN
the	DT
usability	NN
of	IN
the	DT
platform	NN
,	,
which	WDT
we	PRP
feel	VBP
can	MD
sometimes	RB
negatively	RB
impact	VB
a	DT
seekers	NNS
impression	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
employer	NN
brand	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
Several	JJ
of	IN
these	DT
areas	NNS
are	VBP
growing	VBG
in	IN
importance	NN
,	,
but	CC
we	PRP
have	VBP
not	RB
yet	RB
incorporated	VBN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
improvements	NNS
into	IN
our	PRP$
design	NN
.	.
Those	DT
items	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
checked	VBN
are	VBP
things	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
more	RBR
firmly	RB
established	VBN
in	IN
our	PRP$
current	JJ
processes	NNS
.	.
Branding	NN
is	VBZ
consistent	JJ
throughout	IN
our	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
,	,
printed	VBN
materials	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
presentations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
our	PRP$
data	NNS
base	NN
is	VBZ
growing	VBG
with	IN
potential	JJ
candidates	NNS
,	,
although	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
yet	RB
screened	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
point	NN
that	IN
we	PRP
might	MD
like	VB
to	TO
screen	VB
them	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
Part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
brand	NN
experience	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
interview	VB
quickly	RB
and	CC
get	VB
them	PRP
-LRB-	-LRB-
applicants	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
a	DT
response	NN
back	RB
in	IN
24	CD
hours	NNS
.	.
Brand	NN
is	VBZ
more	JJR
than	IN
just	RB
the	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
the	DT
web	NN
site	NN
but	CC
the	DT
experience	NN
the	DT
applicant	NN
has	VBZ
with	IN
our	PRP$
company	NN
.	.
We	PRP
still	RB
want	VBP
them	PRP
as	IN
a	DT
customer	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
key	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
specific	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
job	NN
descriptions	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
respectful	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
candidates	NNS
'	POS
time	NN
and	CC
our	PRP$
time	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
Students	NNS
have	VBP
the	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
see	VB
and	CC
better	JJR
understand	VBP
what	WP
-LRB-	-LRB-
our	PRP$
organization	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
all	DT
about	RB
,	,
and	CC
we	PRP
get	VBP
a	DT
chance	NN
to	TO
view	VB
many	JJ
students	NNS
'	POS
resumes	NNS
.	.
None	NN
of	IN
this	DT
however	RB
,	,
can	MD
replace	VB
the	DT
benefit	NN
of	IN
one-on-one	JJ
discussions\/interviews	NNS
and	CC
follow-up	JJ
.	.
''	''
``	``
We	PRP
have	VBP
a	DT
marketing	NN
department	NN
that	WDT
creates	VBZ
all	DT
sorts	NNS
of	IN
positive	JJ
external	JJ
marketing	NN
materials	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
devoted	VBN
to	TO
maintaining	VBG
a	DT
high	JJ
profile	NN
at	IN
the	DT
college	NN
and	CC
university	NN
levels	NNS
and	CC
are	VBP
very	RB
visible	JJ
at	IN
all	DT
school	NN
functions	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
We	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
have	VB
our	PRP$
own	JJ
electronic	JJ
application	NN
at	IN
this	DT
point	NN
but	CC
we	PRP
have	VBP
used	VBN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
other	JJ
systems	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
our	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
,	,
to	TO
provide	VB
an	DT
overview	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
company	NN
and	CC
our	PRP$
typical	JJ
college-related	JJ
programs	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
Although	IN
communicating	VBG
with	IN
current	JJ
applicants	NNS
is	VBZ
important	JJ
,	,
that	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
part	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
recruitment	NN
unit	NN
responsibilities	NNS
.	.
Communicating	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
actual	JJ
applicants	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
process	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
responsibility	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
pre-employment	JJ
unit	NN
.	.
''	''
Informing	VBG
qualified	VBN
applicants	NNS
who	WP
were	VBD
not	RB
selected	VBN
that	IN
although	IN
the	DT
position	NN
for	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
applied	VBD
has	VBZ
been	VBN
filled	VBN
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
apply	VB
for	IN
other	JJ
positions	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
29	CD
percent	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
''	''
and	CC
``	``
Creating	VBG
an	DT
overall	JJ
recruiting	NN
brand	NN
to	TO
convey	VB
a	DT
positive	JJ
image	NN
to	TO
potential	JJ
candidates	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
28	CD
percent	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
''	''
Again	RB
,	,
there	EX
were	VBD
clear	JJ
differences	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
responses	NNS
of	IN
national	JJ
vs.	NN
local	JJ
recruiters	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
most	RBS
difficulty	NN
.	.
Thirty-six	CD
percent	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
36	CD
percent	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
recruiters	NNS
vs.	IN
23	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
recruiters	NNS
reported	VBD
they	PRP
had	VBD
encountered	VBN
the	DT
most	RBS
difficulty	NN
in	IN
``	``
Creating	VBG
an	DT
overall	JJ
recruiting	NN
brand	NN
to	TO
convey	VB
a	DT
positive	JJ
image	NN
to	TO
potential	JJ
candidates	NNS
.	.
''	''
Thirty-four	CD
percent	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
34	CD
percent	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
recruiters	NNS
vs.	IN
46	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
local	JJ
recruiters	NNS
reported	VBD
they	PRP
had	VBD
encountered	VBN
the	DT
most	RBS
difficulty	NN
in	IN
``	``
Creating	VBG
an	DT
applicant	NN
database	NN
for	IN
future	JJ
openings	NNS
within	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
Our	PRP$
use	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
is	VBZ
focused	VBN
on	IN
our	PRP$
high-volume	JJ
recruiting	NN
functions	NNS
,	,
but	CC
because	IN
the	DT
process	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
used	VBN
consistently	RB
throughout	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
useful	JJ
for	IN
complete	JJ
applicant	NN
tracking	NN
.	.
``	``
The	DT
creation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
data	NN
base	NN
proved	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
more	RBR
difficult	JJ
than	IN
originally	RB
thought	VBN
,	,
because	IN
the	DT
contents	NNS
become	VBP
``	``
stale	JJ
''	''
so	RB
quickly	RB
and	CC
turn	VB
over	RP
so	RB
rapidly	RB
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
many	JJ
different	JJ
units	NNS
,	,
applicants	NNS
sometime	RB
become	VBP
lost	VBN
between	IN
units	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
able	JJ
to	TO
correct	VB
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
problems	NNS
.	.
''	''
``	``
Because	IN
we	PRP
have	VBP
such	JJ
a	DT
high	JJ
volume	NN
of	IN
applicants	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
personally	RB
communicate	VB
with	IN
each	DT
candidate	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
we	PRP
send	VBP
out	RP
either	CC
an	DT
email	NN
or	CC
mailed	VBN
acknowledgement	NN
to	TO
each	DT
applicant	NN
which	WDT
explains	VBZ
the	DT
employment	NN
process	NN
.	.
''	''
``	``
Effective	JJ
and	CC
timely	JJ
screening	NN
of	IN
candidates	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
electronically	RB
submitted	VBN
applications	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
28	CD
responses	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
''	''
and	CC
``	``
Developing	VBG
approaches	NNS
that	WDT
use	VBP
recruiting	VBG
technology	NN
to	TO
personalize	VB
rather	RB
than	IN
depersonalize	VB
the	DT
process	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
27	CD
responses	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
''	''
Candidate	NN
must	MD
be	VB
employed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
field	NN
at	IN
a	DT
NACE	NNP
member	NN
organization	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
if	IN
elected	VBN
,	,
candidate	NN
working	NN
at	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
that	WDT
does	VBZ
not	RB
hold	VB
NACE	NNP
membership	NN
will	MD
be	VB
expected	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
his\/her	JJ
organization	NN
join	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Please	UH
Note	VB
:	:
We	PRP
recommend	VBP
that	IN
before	IN
you	PRP
accept	VBP
the	DT
nomination	NN
for	IN
an	DT
officer	NN
position	NN
,	,
you	PRP
seek	VBP
a	DT
commitment	NN
from	IN
your	PRP$
employer	NN
for	IN
the	DT
time	NN
required	VBN
to	TO
fulfill	VB
the	DT
responsibilities	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
NACE	NNP
officer	NN
.	.
The	DT
NACE	NNP
Directors	NNS
serve	VBP
a	DT
three-year	JJ
term	NN
,	,
beginning	VBG
on	IN
July	NNP
1	CD
and	CC
ending	VBG
June	NNP
30	CD
,	,
three	CD
years	NNS
later	RB
.	.
Employer	NN
and	CC
college	NN
members	NNS
serve	VBP
in	IN
these	DT
roles	NNS
on	IN
an	DT
alternating	VBG
basis	NN
so	IN
that	IN
NACE	NNP
has	VBZ
a	DT
balanced	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
college	NN
and	CC
employer	NN
members	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
Board	NNP
.	.
Directors	NNS
and	CC
officers	NNS
will	MD
serve	VB
on	IN
committees	NNS
,	,
task	NN
forces	NNS
and	CC
action	NN
teams	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
will	MD
serve	VB
as	IN
Board	NNP
liaisons	NNS
to	TO
these	DT
groups	NNS
and	CC
share	NN
information	NN
as	IN
appropriate	JJ
.	.
Meetings	NNS
occur	VBP
most	RBS
often	RB
via	IN
conference	NN
calls	NNS
.	.
Directors	NNS
may	MD
spend	VB
several	JJ
hours	NNS
on	IN
conference	NN
calls	VBZ
throughout	IN
their	PRP$
tenure	NN
.	.
The	DT
use	NN
of	IN
professional	JJ
standards	NNS
in	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
is	VBZ
intended	VBN
to	TO
facilitate	VB
excellence	NN
in	IN
the	DT
creation	NN
,	,
maintenance	NN
,	,
and	CC
delivery	NN
of	IN
programs	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
.	.
Professionally	RB
derived	VBN
standards	NNS
,	,
representing	VBG
the	DT
perspectives	NNS
of	IN
diverse	JJ
practitioners	NNS
,	,
and	CC
promulgated	VBN
under	IN
the	DT
aegis	NN
of	IN
a	DT
professional	JJ
association	NN
,	,
provide	VBP
an	DT
exceptional	JJ
opportunity	NN
for	IN
practitioners	NNS
to	TO
engage	VB
in	IN
processes	NNS
of	IN
self-assessment	NN
and	CC
self-regulation	NN
that	WDT
are	VBP
internally	RB
motivated	VBN
and	CC
directed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Professional	NNP
Standards	NNP
for	IN
College	NNP
and	CC
University	NNP
Career	NNP
Services	NNP
was	VBD
written	VBN
broadly	RB
to	TO
reflect	VB
variations	NNS
in	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
provided	VBN
by	IN
individual	JJ
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
.	.
Some	DT
standards	NNS
may	MD
apply	VB
to	TO
several	JJ
functional	JJ
areas	NNS
within	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
;	:
overlap	VB
does	VBZ
exist	VB
.	.
Not	RB
every	DT
standard	NN
will	MD
apply	VB
to	TO
every	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
or	CC
school	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
their	PRP$
use	NN
should	MD
be	VB
interpreted	VBN
according	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
circumstances	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
individual	JJ
institution	NN
.	.
The	DT
standards	NNS
pertain	VB
to	TO
programs	NNS
,	,
not	RB
staff	NN
members	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
reflect	VBP
dimensions	NNS
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
that	WDT
affect	VBP
program	NN
performance	NN
and	CC
quality	NN
.	.
To	TO
localize	VB
the	DT
standards	NNS
,	,
individual	JJ
institutions	NNS
and	CC
career	NN
services	NNS
offices	NNS
should	MD
provide	VB
examples	NNS
of	IN
how	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
meeting	VBG
or	CC
not	RB
meeting	VBG
each	DT
applicable	JJ
standard	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
supports	VBZ
the	DT
mission	NN
,	,
academic	JJ
programs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
advancement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
.	.
Within	IN
this	DT
context	NN
,	,
the	DT
primary	JJ
purpose	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
assist	VB
students	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
designated	VBN
clients	NNS
in	IN
developing	VBG
,	,
evaluating	VBG
,	,
and\/or	CC
implementing	VBG
career	NN
,	,
education	NN
,	,
and	CC
employment	NN
decisions	NNS
and	CC
plans	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
considers	VBZ
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
when	WRB
designing	VBG
the	DT
program	NN
and	CC
delivering	VBG
services	NNS
.	.
Since	IN
career	NN
issues	NNS
are	VBP
addressed	VBN
by	IN
different	JJ
units	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
provides	VBZ
linkages	NNS
and\/or	CC
coordination	NN
among	IN
career-related	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
where	WRB
appropriate	JJ
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
works	VBZ
collaboratively	RB
with	IN
academic	JJ
divisions	NNS
,	,
departments	NNS
,	,
individual	JJ
faculty	NN
members	NNS
,	,
student	NN
services	NNS
,	,
employers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
relevant	JJ
constituencies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
to	TO
enhance	VB
students	NNS
?	.
career	NN
development	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
provides	VBZ
resources	NNS
to	TO
help	VB
students	NNS
assess	VB
and	CC
relate	VB
their	PRP$
interests	NNS
,	,
competencies	NNS
,	,
needs	VBZ
,	,
expectations	NNS
,	,
education	NN
,	,
experience	NN
,	,
personal	JJ
background	NN
,	,
and	CC
desired	VBN
lifestyle	NN
to	TO
the	DT
employment	NN
market	NN
Career	NNP
services	NNS
provides	VBZ
information	NN
on	IN
current	JJ
and	CC
projected	VBD
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
and	CC
on	IN
employers	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
candidates	NNS
have	VBP
the	DT
widest	JJS
possible	JJ
choices	NNS
of	IN
employment	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
information	NN
facilities	NNS
are	VBP
staffed	VBN
with	IN
persons	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
counseling	NN
,	,
advising	VBG
,	,
and	CC
information	NN
technology	NN
competencies	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
students	NNS
in	IN
accessing	VBG
and	CC
using	VBG
career	NN
information	NN
.	.
The	DT
institution	NN
provides	VBZ
experiential	JJ
education	NN
programs	NNS
that	WDT
include	VBP
student	NN
employment	NN
and\/or	CC
cooperative	JJ
education	NN
,	,
work-based	JJ
learning	NN
,	,
apprenticeships	NNS
,	,
internships	NNS
,	,
volunteer	NN
jobs	NNS
,	,
service	NN
learning	NN
,	,
and	CC
shadowing	VBG
experiences	NNS
.	.
Experiential	JJ
education	NN
programs	NNS
help	VBP
students	NNS
obtain	VB
career-related	JJ
experiences	NNS
with	IN
organizations	NNS
that	WDT
provide	VBP
adequate	JJ
supervision	NN
and	CC
opportunities	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
to	TO
reflect	VB
upon	IN
their	PRP$
learning	NN
and	CC
career	NN
development	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
leaders	NNS
develop	VBP
a	DT
mission	NN
statement	NN
,	,
program	NN
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
,	,
and	CC
strategic	JJ
and	CC
operational	JJ
plans	NNS
for	IN
fulfilling	VBG
the	DT
mission	NN
and	CC
goals	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
Goals	NNS
are	VBP
reviewed	VBN
and	CC
updated	VBN
annually	RB
and	CC
communicated	VBN
,	,
as	IN
appropriate	JJ
,	,
to	TO
administrators	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
staff	NN
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
appropriate	JJ
institutional	JJ
constituencies	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
staff	NN
conduct	NN
regular	JJ
program	NN
evaluations	NNS
to	TO
improve	VB
operations	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
adjust	VB
to	TO
changing	VBG
client	NN
needs	NNS
and	CC
environmental	JJ
threats	NNS
and	CC
opportunities	NNS
.	.
Evidence	NN
of	IN
appropriate	JJ
structure	NN
could	MD
include	VB
current	JJ
and	CC
accessible	JJ
policies	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
;	:
written	VBN
job	NN
descriptions	NNS
and	CC
regular	JJ
performance	NN
reviews	NNS
for	IN
all	DT
employees	NNS
;	:
functional	JJ
workflow	NN
or	CC
organizational	JJ
charts	NNS
;	:
facilities	NNS
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
functions	NNS
;	:
and	CC
defined	VBD
service	NN
standards	NNS
.	.
Evidence	NN
of	IN
effective	JJ
management	NN
includes	VBZ
strategic	JJ
and	CC
operational	JJ
planning	NN
processes	NNS
;	:
clearly	RB
defined	VBN
areas	NNS
of	IN
responsibility	NN
;	:
effective	JJ
communication	NN
practices	NNS
;	:
decision-making	JJ
and	CC
conflict	NN
resolution	NN
procedures	NNS
;	:
accountability	NN
systems	NNS
;	:
sound	JJ
fiscal	JJ
management	NN
practices	NNS
;	:
and	CC
proof	NN
of	IN
continuous	JJ
improvement	NN
.	.
Reviews	NNS
of	IN
policies	NNS
,	,
procedures	NNS
,	,
and	CC
budgetary	JJ
issues	NNS
should	MD
occur	VB
on	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
leaders	NNS
coordinate	VBP
efforts	NNS
with	IN
other	JJ
career	NN
services	NNS
providers	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
to	TO
integrate	VB
career	NN
services	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
broader	JJR
educational	JJ
mission	NN
.	.
Key	NNP
constituencies	NNS
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
are	VBP
identified	VBN
and	CC
their	PRP$
needs	NNS
reflected	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
mission	NN
and	CC
goals	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
unit	NN
.	.
Priorities	NNS
for	IN
services	NNS
are	VBP
defined	VBN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
leaders	NNS
are	VBP
advocates	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
advancement	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
.	.
The	DT
external	JJ
and	CC
internal	JJ
organization	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
its	PRP$
place	NN
within	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
,	,
supports	VBZ
its	PRP$
mission	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
is	VBZ
structured	VBN
to	TO
ensure	VB
effective	JJ
functioning	NN
of	IN
student	NN
services	NNS
.	.
The	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
function	NN
is	VBZ
organized	VBN
to	TO
develop	VB
positive	JJ
relationships	NNS
with	IN
students	NNS
;	:
academic	JJ
,	,
administrative	JJ
,	,
and	CC
student	NN
affairs	NNS
colleagues	NNS
;	:
employers	NNS
;	:
and	CC
alumni	NNS
.	.
The	DT
internal	JJ
organization	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
is	VBZ
clearly	RB
defined	VBN
through	IN
an	DT
organizational	JJ
chart	NN
.	.
Staff	NNP
titles	NNS
,	,
roles	NNS
,	,
and	CC
reporting	VBG
lines	NNS
support	VB
the	DT
efficient	JJ
and	CC
effective	JJ
delivery	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
programs	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
has	VBZ
an	DT
adequate	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
qualified	VBN
professional	JJ
and	CC
support	NN
staff	NN
to	TO
fulfill	VB
its	PRP$
mission	NN
and	CC
functions	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
embraces	VBZ
fair	JJ
employment	NN
practices	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
proactive	JJ
in	IN
attracting	VBG
and	CC
retaining	VBG
a	DT
diverse	JJ
staff	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
has	VBZ
instituted	VBN
hiring	VBG
and	CC
promotion	NN
practices	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
fair	JJ
,	,
inclusive	JJ
,	,
and	CC
nondiscriminatory	JJ
.	.
Programs	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
employ	VBP
a	DT
diverse	JJ
staff	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
readily	RB
identifiable	JJ
role	NN
models	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
enrich	VB
the	DT
campus	NN
community	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
is	VBZ
staffed	VBN
by	IN
persons	NNS
who	WP
,	,
in	IN
combination	NN
,	,
provide	VBP
the	DT
core	NN
competencies	NNS
to	TO
perform	VB
primary	JJ
program	NN
functions	NNS
effectively	RB
.	.
Primary	JJ
program	NN
functions	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
related	JJ
core	NN
competencies	NNS
and	CC
knowledge	NN
domains	NNS
are	VBP
defined	VBN
below	IN
.	.
Needs	NNS
assessment	NN
and	CC
satisfaction	NN
measures	NNS
;	:
program	NN
design	NN
,	,
implementation	NN
,	,
and	CC
evaluation	NN
;	:
strategic	JJ
and	CC
operational	JJ
planning	NN
;	:
program	NN
integration	NN
and	CC
integrity	NN
;	:
staffing	NN
;	:
staff	NN
development	NN
and	CC
supervision	NN
;	:
budget	NN
planning	NN
and	CC
administration	NN
;	:
political	JJ
sensitivity	NN
and	CC
negotiation	NN
skills	NNS
;	:
synthesize	VB
,	,
interpret	VB
,	,
and	CC
report	NN
current	JJ
and	CC
longitudinal	JJ
information	NN
.	.
Systems	NNP
theory	NN
;	:
organizational	JJ
development	NN
;	:
research	NN
design	NN
;	:
statistics	NNS
;	:
accounting	NN
and	CC
budgeting	NN
procedures	NNS
;	:
revenue	NN
generation	NN
;	:
principles	NNS
;	:
purchasing	VBG
;	:
staff	NN
selection	NN
;	:
supervision	NN
;	:
performance	NN
appraisals	NNS
;	:
management	NN
of	IN
information	NN
systems	NNS
;	:
customer	NN
service	NN
;	:
marketing	NN
.	.
Identification	NN
of	IN
relevant	JJ
and	CC
desirable	JJ
student	NN
learning	NN
and	CC
development	NN
outcomes	NNS
;	:
outcome-oriented	JJ
programming	NN
;	:
research-based	JJ
evidence	NN
of	IN
program	NN
impact	NN
on	IN
student	NN
learning	NN
and	CC
development	NN
outcomes	NNS
.	.
Needs	NNS
assessment	NN
and	CC
diagnosis	NN
;	:
intervention	NN
design	NN
and	CC
implementation	NN
;	:
test	NN
administration	NN
and	CC
interpretation	NN
;	:
counseling	NN
;	:
feedback	NN
;	:
evaluation	NN
;	:
advising	VBG
;	:
empathy	NN
and	CC
interpersonal	JJ
sensitivity	NN
;	:
work	NN
with	IN
individuals	NNS
and	CC
groups	NNS
;	:
use	NN
of	IN
career	NN
,	,
occupational	JJ
,	,
and	CC
employment	NN
information	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
development	NN
theories	NNS
;	:
adult	NN
development	NN
theory	NN
and	CC
unique	JJ
issues	NNS
for	IN
special	JJ
populations	NNS
;	:
statistics	NNS
;	:
counseling	NN
processes	NNS
;	:
evaluation	NN
of	IN
person-job	JJ
fit	NN
;	:
job	NN
analysis	NN
;	:
career	NN
decision	NN
making	VBG
;	:
behavior	NN
management	NN
;	:
job	NN
search	NN
,	,
interviews	NNS
,	,
and	CC
resumes	VBZ
.	.
Needs	NNS
assessment	NN
;	:
program\/workshop	JJ
design	NN
and	CC
delivery	NN
;	:
researching	VBG
,	,
evaluating	VBG
,	,
and	CC
integrating	VBG
information	NN
;	:
effective	JJ
teaching	NN
strategies	NNS
;	:
career	NN
coaching	NN
;	:
career	NN
mentoring	VBG
;	:
work	NN
with	IN
individuals	NNS
and	CC
groups	NNS
;	:
work	NN
with	IN
diverse	JJ
populations	NNS
;	:
use	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
for	IN
delivery	NN
of	IN
content	NN
.	.
Needs	NNS
assessment	NN
and	CC
goal	NN
setting	NN
;	:
written	VBN
and	CC
interpersonal	JJ
communication	NN
;	:
public	JJ
speaking	NN
;	:
domestic	JJ
and	CC
international	JJ
job	NN
and	CC
experiential	JJ
learning	NN
opportunity	NN
development	NN
;	:
relationship	NN
development	NN
and	CC
management	NN
;	:
effective	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
print	NN
,	,
web	NN
,	,
personal	JJ
presentation	NN
methods	NNS
;	:
sales	NNS
and	CC
closing	VBG
techniques	NNS
;	:
development\/fundraising	VBG
strategies	NNS
;	:
marketing	NN
principles\/strategies	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
engage	VBP
in	IN
continuing	VBG
professional	JJ
development	NN
activities	NNS
to	TO
keep	VB
abreast	RB
of	IN
the	DT
research	NN
,	,
theories	NNS
,	,
legislation	NN
,	,
policies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
developments	NNS
that	WDT
affect	VBP
career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Staff	NNP
training	NN
and	CC
development	NN
is	VBZ
ongoing	JJ
to	TO
promote	VB
knowledge	NN
and	CC
skill	NN
development	NN
across	IN
program	NN
components	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
leaders	NNS
at	IN
various	JJ
levels	NNS
are	VBP
selected	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
formal	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
training	NN
,	,
relevant	JJ
work	NN
experience	NN
,	,
personal	JJ
skills	NNS
and	CC
competencies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
relevant	JJ
professional	JJ
credentials	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
leaders	NNS
also	RB
demonstrate	VBP
potential	JJ
for	IN
promoting	VBG
learning	NN
and	CC
development	NN
in	IN
students	NNS
,	,
applying	VBG
effective	JJ
practices	NNS
to	TO
educational	JJ
processes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
enhancing	VBG
institutional	JJ
effectiveness	NN
.	.
If	IN
career	NN
components	NNS
are	VBP
offered	VBN
through	IN
multiple	JJ
units	NNS
,	,
the	DT
institution	NN
designates	VBZ
a	DT
leader	NN
or	CC
leadership	NN
team	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
strategic	JJ
direction	NN
and	CC
align	VB
career	NN
services	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
mission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
and	CC
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
constituencies	NNS
served	VBD
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
leaders	NNS
coordinate	VBP
efforts	NNS
with	IN
other	JJ
units	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
providing	VBG
career	NN
components	NNS
to	TO
integrate	VB
career	NN
services	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
broader	JJR
educational	JJ
mission	NN
.	.
Key	NNP
constituencies	NNS
served	VBD
by	IN
each	DT
unit	NN
are	VBP
clearly	RB
identified	VBN
and	CC
reflected	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
mission	NN
and	CC
goals	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
unit	NN
.	.
Careers	NNS
services	NNS
leaders	NNS
are	VBP
advocates	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
advancement	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
leaders	NNS
participate	VB
in	IN
institutional	JJ
decisions	NNS
about	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
objectives	NNS
and	CC
policies	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
leaders	NNS
participate	VB
in	IN
institutional	JJ
decisions	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
identification	NN
and	CC
designation	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
others	NNS
served	VBD
.	.
Decisions	NNS
about	IN
students	NNS
served	VBD
include	VBP
type	NN
and	CC
scope	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
offered	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
fees	NNS
,	,
if	IN
any	DT
,	,
that	WDT
are	VBP
charged	VBN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professional	JJ
staff	NN
members	NNS
hold	VBP
an	DT
earned	VBN
graduate	NN
degree	NN
in	IN
a	DT
field	NN
relevant	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
position	NN
they	PRP
hold	VBP
or	CC
possess	VBP
an	DT
appropriate	JJ
combination	NN
of	IN
educational	JJ
credentials	NNS
and	CC
related	JJ
work	NN
experience	NN
.	.
Professional	NNP
staff	NN
members	NNS
have	VBP
the	DT
requisite	JJ
qualifications	NNS
and	CC
competencies	NNS
to	TO
perform	VB
effectively	RB
in	IN
their	PRP$
defined	VBN
roles	NNS
with	IN
students	NNS
,	,
alumni	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
administrators	NNS
,	,
and	CC
employers	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
in	IN
highly	RB
specialized	VBN
functions	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
career	NN
and	CC
employment	NN
counseling	NN
,	,
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
cooperative	JJ
education	NN
,	,
internships	NNS
,	,
work-study	NN
,	,
graduate	JJ
school	NN
advising	VBG
,	,
computer	NN
technology	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
Paraprofessionals	NNS
,	,
interns	NNS
,	,
and	CC
graduate	NN
assistants	NNS
are	VBP
carefully	RB
selected	VBN
,	,
trained	VBN
in	IN
helping	VBG
skills	NNS
and	CC
institutional	JJ
procedures	NNS
,	,
closely	RB
supervised	VBN
,	,
and	CC
evaluated	VBD
regularly	RB
.	.
Degree	NN
or	CC
credential-seeking	JJ
interns	NNS
are	VBP
qualified	VBN
by	IN
enrollment	NN
in	IN
an	DT
appropriate	JJ
field	NN
of	IN
study	NN
and	CC
by	IN
relevant	JJ
experience	NN
.	.
Student	NN
employees	NNS
and	CC
volunteers	NNS
are	VBP
carefully	RB
selected	VBN
,	,
trained	VBN
,	,
supervised	VBN
,	,
and	CC
evaluated	VBD
.	.
They	PRP
are	VBP
trained	VBN
in	IN
how	WRB
and	CC
when	WRB
to	TO
refer	VB
those	DT
in	IN
need	NN
of	IN
assistance	NN
to	TO
qualified	VBN
staff	NN
members	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
access	NN
to	TO
a	DT
supervisor	NN
for	IN
assistance	NN
in	IN
making	VBG
these	DT
judgments	NNS
.	.
Student	NN
employees	NNS
and	CC
volunteers	NNS
are	VBP
provided	VBN
with	IN
clear	JJ
and	CC
precise	JJ
job	NN
descriptions	NNS
,	,
preservice	NN
training	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
assessed	VBN
needs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
continuing	VBG
staff	NN
development	NN
.	.
Training	NN
includes	VBZ
customer	NN
service	NN
,	,
program	NN
procedures	NNS
,	,
and	CC
information	NN
and	CC
resource	NN
utilization	NN
.	.
Each	DT
organizational	JJ
unit	NN
has	VBZ
adequate	JJ
administrative	JJ
and	CC
technical	JJ
staff	NN
adequate	JJ
to	TO
accomplish	VB
its	PRP$
mission	NN
.	.
Such	JJ
staff	NN
are	VBP
technologically	RB
proficient	JJ
and	CC
qualified	VBN
to	TO
perform	VB
their	PRP$
duties	NNS
,	,
knowledgeable	JJ
of	IN
ethical	JJ
and	CC
legal	JJ
uses	NNS
of	IN
technology	NN
,	,
and	CC
have	VBP
access	NN
to	TO
training	NN
.	.
The	DT
level	NN
of	IN
staffing	NN
and	CC
workloads	NNS
are	VBP
adequate	JJ
and	CC
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
program	NN
and	CC
service	NN
demands	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
has	VBZ
adequate	JJ
facilities	NNS
and	CC
equipment	NN
to	TO
fulfill	VB
its	PRP$
mission	NN
and	CC
to	TO
perform	VB
its	PRP$
functions	NNS
effectively	RB
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
has	VBZ
private	JJ
offices	NNS
for	IN
professional	JJ
staff	NN
to	TO
permit	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
perform	VB
career	NN
advising\/counseling	VBG
or	CC
other	JJ
confidential	JJ
work	NN
;	:
support	NN
staff	NN
work	NN
areas	NNS
;	:
reception	NN
and	CC
student	NN
waiting	VBG
area	NN
;	:
career	NN
resource	NN
center	NN
;	:
storage	NN
space	NN
sufficient	JJ
to	TO
accommodate	VB
supplies	NNS
and	CC
equipment	NN
;	:
and	CC
necessary	JJ
office	NN
equipment	NN
,	,
including	VBG
computers	NNS
for	IN
staff	NN
and	CC
student	NN
usage	NN
.	.
The	DT
facility	NN
has	VBZ
Internet	NNP
connectivity	NN
and	CC
access	NN
to	TO
conference	NN
rooms	NNS
and	CC
large	JJ
group	NN
meeting	NN
rooms	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
an	DT
appropriate	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
to	TO
support	VB
service	NN
delivery	NN
.	.
Sufficient	JJ
information	NN
technology	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
for	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
staff	NN
to	TO
support	VB
career	NN
services	NNS
functions	NNS
.	.
Equipment	NNP
and	CC
facilities	NNS
are	VBP
secured	VBN
to	TO
protect	VB
the	DT
confidentiality	NN
and	CC
safety	NN
of	IN
records	NNS
.	.
Facilities	NNP
are	VBP
accessible	JJ
to	TO
persons	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
and	CC
comply	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Americans	NNPS
With	IN
Disabilities	NNP
Act	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ADA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Accommodations	NNS
for	IN
students	NNS
with	IN
special	JJ
needs	NNS
are	VBP
provided	VBN
by	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
or	CC
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
the	DT
department	NN
that	WDT
serves	VBZ
this	DT
population	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
is	VBZ
located	VBN
conveniently	RB
on	IN
campus	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
projects	NNS
a	DT
welcoming	VBG
,	,
professional	JJ
atmosphere	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
,	,
employers	NNS
,	,
alumni	NNS
,	,
parents	NNS
,	,
and	CC
others	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
provides	VBZ
office	NN
hours	NNS
at	IN
times	NNS
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
its	PRP$
constituencies	NNS
.	.
Parking	NN
for	IN
visitors	NNS
is	VBZ
adequate	JJ
and	CC
convenient	JJ
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
offices	NNS
are	VBP
informed	VBN
about	IN
the	DT
array	NN
of	IN
career-based	JJ
technological	JJ
applications	NNS
.	.
Based	VBN
upon	IN
program	NN
design	NN
,	,
mission	NN
,	,
budget	NN
,	,
and	CC
staffing	NN
considerations	NNS
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
offices	NNS
implement	VBP
appropriate	JJ
technological	JJ
applications	NNS
to	TO
career	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
ensure	VB
that	IN
appropriate	JJ
technology	NN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
to	TO
deliver	VB
services	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
offices	NNS
ensure	VB
that	IN
adequate	JJ
hardware	NN
,	,
software	NN
,	,
and	CC
staff	NN
are	VBP
available	JJ
to	TO
support	VB
existing	VBG
technological	JJ
applications	NNS
to	TO
career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
In	IN
light	NN
of	IN
the	DT
rapidity	NN
of	IN
change	NN
associated	VBN
with	IN
technology	NN
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
offices	NNS
develop	VB
plans	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
replacement\/updating	VBG
of	IN
existing	VBG
hardware	NN
and	CC
software	NN
and	CC
plan	NN
for	IN
the	DT
integration	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
technically-based	JJ
or	CC
supported	VBN
career	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Technological	JJ
applications	NNS
to	TO
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
web	NN
sites	NNS
,	,
are	VBP
consistent	JJ
with	IN
and	CC
integrated	VBN
within	IN
the	DT
college	NN
or	CC
university	NN
technology	NN
infrastructure	NN
.	.
Employers	NNS
are	VBP
both	DT
vital	JJ
partners	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
educational	JJ
process	NN
and	CC
primary	JJ
customers	NNS
for	IN
college\/university	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Each	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
develops	VBZ
policies	NNS
and	CC
practices	NNS
for	IN
employer	NN
relations	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
understands	VBZ
the	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
needs	NNS
and	CC
employment	NN
practices	NNS
among	IN
small	JJ
businesses	NNS
,	,
large	JJ
corporations	NNS
,	,
government	NN
,	,
and	CC
nonprofit	JJ
organizations	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
defines	VBZ
the	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
employers	NNS
it	PRP
will	MD
serve	VB
and	CC
articulates	VBZ
policies	NNS
that	WDT
guide	VBP
its	PRP$
working	VBG
relationships	NNS
with	IN
various	JJ
types	NNS
of	IN
employers	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
offers	VBZ
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
services	NNS
to	TO
employers	NNS
that	WDT
reflect	VBP
student	NN
interests	NNS
and	CC
employer	NN
needs	NNS
.	.
These	DT
include	VBP
,	,
but	CC
are	VBP
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
,	,
site	NN
visits	NNS
;	:
campus	NN
recruiting	NN
;	:
resume	VB
referrals	NNS
;	:
information	NN
sessions	NNS
;	:
meetings	NNS
with	IN
faculty	NN
members	NNS
;	:
prerecruiting	VBG
activities	NNS
;	:
student	NN
access	NN
to	TO
employer	NN
information	NN
;	:
posting	VBG
and	CC
publishing	VBG
of	IN
job	NN
openings	NNS
;	:
career	NN
and	CC
job	NN
fairs	NNS
;	:
providing	VBG
information	NN
on	IN
academic	JJ
departments	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
within	IN
legal	JJ
and	CC
policy	NN
guidelines	NNS
;	:
assistance	NN
in	IN
recruiting	VBG
student	NN
populations	NNS
;	:
experiential	JJ
learning	NN
options	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
may	MD
include	VB
shadowing	VBG
experiences	NNS
,	,
internships	NNS
,	,
or	CC
cooperative	JJ
education	NN
;	:
videoconference	NN
interviewing	VBG
;	:
salary	NN
information	NN
;	:
advertising	NN
and	CC
promotional	JJ
vehicles	NNS
;	:
career	NN
center	NN
advisory	JJ
board	NN
memberships	NNS
;	:
and	CC
individual	JJ
employer	NN
recruiting	NN
and	CC
college	NN
relations	NNS
consultations	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
are	VBP
knowledgeable	JJ
about	IN
accepted	VBN
and	CC
current	JJ
professional	JJ
practices	NNS
and	CC
are	VBP
responsive	JJ
to	TO
those	DT
obligations	NNS
and	CC
limitations	NNS
imposed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
operation	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
program	NN
areas	NNS
by	IN
relevant	JJ
civil	JJ
and	CC
criminal	JJ
laws	NNS
,	,
institutional	JJ
policies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
any	DT
contractual	JJ
commitments	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
staff	NN
members	NNS
use	VBP
appropriate	JJ
policies	NNS
and	CC
practices	NNS
to	TO
protect	VB
students	NNS
and	CC
limit	VB
the	DT
liability	NN
exposure	NN
of	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
,	,
its	PRP$
officers	NNS
,	,
employees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
agents	NNS
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
regard	NN
,	,
the	DT
institution	NN
provides	VBZ
access	NN
to	TO
legal	JJ
advice	NN
for	IN
professional	JJ
staff	NN
as	IN
needed	VBN
to	TO
carry	VB
out	RP
assigned	VBN
responsibilities	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
?	.
operating	VBG
policies	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
discriminate	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
race	NN
,	,
color	NN
,	,
religion	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
national	JJ
origin	NN
,	,
gender	NN
,	,
sexual	JJ
orientation	NN
,	,
disability	NN
,	,
marital	JJ
status	NN
,	,
or	CC
veteran	NN
status	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
provides	VBZ
educational	JJ
programs	NNS
that	WDT
help	VBP
students	NNS
from	IN
diverse	JJ
backgrounds	NNS
and	CC
individuals	NNS
with	IN
special	JJ
needs	NNS
to	TO
identify	VB
and	CC
address	VB
their	PRP$
unique	JJ
needs	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
career	NN
development	NN
and	CC
employment	NN
.	.
Systematic	JJ
quantitative	JJ
and	CC
qualitative	JJ
program	NN
evaluations	NNS
are	VBP
conducted	VBN
in	IN
support	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
?	.
mission	NN
and	CC
goals	NNS
.	.
Although	IN
methods	NNS
of	IN
assessment	NN
vary	VBP
,	,
a	DT
sufficient	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
measures	NNS
are	VBP
employed	VBN
to	TO
maintain	VB
objectivity	NN
and	CC
comprehensiveness	NN
.	.
Data	NNP
collected	VBN
include	VBP
responses	NNS
from	IN
students	NNS
,	,
employers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
affected	JJ
constituencies	NNS
.	.
Evaluation	NN
results	NNS
are	VBP
used	VBN
in	IN
revising	VBG
and	CC
improving	VBG
programs	NNS
,	,
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
staff	NN
performance	NN
.	.
In	IN
order	NN
for	IN
institutions	NNS
to	TO
employ	VB
comparable	JJ
methods	NNS
for	IN
evaluation	NN
,	,
resources	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
The	DT
NACE	NNP
Sourcebook	NNP
for	IN
Conducting	VBG
Evaluations	NNS
and	CC
Measurements	NNS
of	IN
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
are	VBP
consulted	VBN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
offices	NNS
collaborate	VBP
with	IN
institutional	JJ
research	NN
units	NNS
,	,
state	NN
agencies	NNS
,	,
accrediting	VBG
bodies	NNS
,	,
academic	JJ
graduate	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
evaluative	JJ
groups	NNS
that	WDT
generate	VBP
and	CC
assess	VBP
evaluation	NN
information	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
prepares	VBZ
and	CC
disseminates	VBZ
annual	JJ
reports	NNS
as	IN
well	RB
as	IN
special	JJ
program	NN
evaluation	NN
reports	NNS
addressing	VBG
career	NN
services	NNS
mission	NN
,	,
goals	NNS
,	,
programs	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
activities\/outcomes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
graduate	NN
follow-up	JJ
information	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
gathers	VBZ
,	,
participates	VBZ
in	IN
,	,
and\/or	CC
conducts	VBZ
relevant	JJ
research	NN
on	IN
career	NN
development	NN
;	:
academic	JJ
success	NN
;	:
institutional	JJ
issues	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
admissions	NNS
and	CC
retention	NN
;	:
student	NN
learning	NN
;	:
employment	NN
trends	NNS
;	:
and	CC
career	NN
interests	NNS
.	.
Beginning	VBG
in	IN
1980	CD
,	,
members	NNS
of	IN
22	CD
professional	JJ
associations	NNS
in	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
student	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
student	NN
development	NN
,	,
under	IN
the	DT
aegis	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Council	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Advancement	NNP
of	IN
Standards	NNPS
,	,
began	VBD
work	NN
on	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
standards	NNS
.	.
This	DT
resulted	VBD
in	IN
the	DT
publication	NN
of	IN
the	DT
CAS	NNP
Standards	NNPS
and	CC
Guidelines	NNS
for	IN
Student	NN
Services\/Student	NNP
Development	NNP
in	IN
1986	CD
.	.
That	DT
publication	NN
included	VBD
general	JJ
standards	NNS
,	,
applicable	JJ
across	IN
all	DT
areas	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
functional	JJ
area	NN
standards	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
included	VBD
standards	NNS
and	CC
guidelines	NNS
for	IN
career	NN
planning	NN
and	CC
placement	NN
.	.
The	DT
NACE	NNP
Foundation	NNP
will	MD
fund	VB
nonresearch	JJ
grants	NNS
for	IN
educational	JJ
projects	NNS
that	WDT
develop	VBP
the	DT
knowledge	NN
and	CC
skills	NNS
of	IN
college	NN
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
HR\/staffing	VBG
professionals	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
work	NN
with	IN
college	NN
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Foundation	NNP
also	RB
will	MD
fund	VB
educational	JJ
projects	NNS
that	WDT
advance	VBP
the	DT
knowledge	NN
and	CC
skills	NNS
of	IN
college	NN
students	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
career	NN
development	NN
and	CC
decision-making	NN
.	.
Cover	NNP
Page	NNP
to	TO
include	VB
contact	NN
information	NN
for	IN
all	DT
individuals	NNS
involved	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
project	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
name	NN
,	,
title	NN
,	,
organization	NN
,	,
address	NN
,	,
city	NN
,	,
state	NN
,	,
and	CC
zip	NN
;	:
phone	NN
;	:
fax	NN
;	:
e-mail	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
;	:
date	NN
of	IN
submission	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
100-word	JJ
abstract	JJ
describing	VBG
the	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
project	NN
,	,
tool	NN
,	,
program	NN
,	,
or	CC
publication	NN
.	.
These	DT
stressful	JJ
and	CC
challenging	JJ
work	NN
conditions	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
intensified	VBN
among	IN
young	JJ
entrants	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
work	NN
force	NN
.	.
As	IN
their	PRP$
expectations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
job	NN
are	VBP
not	RB
met	VBN
,	,
they	PRP
become	VBP
more	RBR
likely	JJ
to	TO
turnover	NN
.3	CD
,	,
4	CD
Organizations	NNPS
may	MD
therefore	RB
realize	VB
a	DT
loss	NN
of	IN
unique	JJ
knowledge	NN
,	,
experiences	NNS
,	,
and	CC
perspectives	NNS
to	TO
pilot	NN
organizations	NNS
into	IN
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
Although	IN
realistic	JJ
job	NN
previews	NNS
may	MD
significantly	RB
increase	VB
the	DT
likelihood	NN
of	IN
job	NN
survival	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
significantly	RB
more	RBR
that	IN
organizations	NNS
can	MD
do	VB
to	TO
retain	VB
diverse	JJ
employees	NNS
.5	CD
,	,
6	CD
Past	JJ
research	NN
has	VBZ
suggested	VBN
the	DT
following	VBG
retention	NN
strategies	NNS
as	IN
specifically	RB
helpful	JJ
in	IN
retaining	VBG
a	DT
diverse	JJ
work	NN
force	NN
:	:
implementing	VBG
mentor	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
accommodating	VBG
the	DT
special	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
diverse	JJ
employees	NNS
,	,
forming	VBG
multicultural	JJ
teams	NNS
,	,
providing	VBG
diversity	NN
training	NN
for	IN
traditional	JJ
employees	NNS
,	,
forming	VBG
organization-supported	JJ
network	NN
groups	NNS
for	IN
diverse	JJ
employees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
promoting	VBG
diverse	JJ
employees	NNS
into	IN
key	JJ
positions	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
.	.
These	DT
are	VBP
good	JJ
starting	VBG
points	NNS
,	,
but	CC
still	RB
treat	VB
diverse	JJ
employees	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
monolithic	JJ
group	NN
with	IN
similar	JJ
needs	NNS
and	CC
values	NNS
.	.
This	DT
article	NN
suggests	VBZ
an	DT
orientation	NN
beyond	IN
that	DT
of	IN
traditional	JJ
approaches	NNS
to	TO
retaining	VBG
these	DT
highly	RB
valuable	JJ
employees	NNS
.	.
By	IN
applying	VBG
an	DT
internal	JJ
marketing	NN
orientation	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
IMO	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
organizations	NNS
could	MD
establish	VB
and	CC
strengthen	VB
internal	JJ
relationships	NNS
targeted	VBN
at	IN
specific	JJ
employee	NN
segments	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
,	,
which	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
a	DT
critical	JJ
tool	NN
in	IN
gaining	VBG
focus	NN
in	IN
organizational	JJ
retention	NN
efforts	NNS
.	.
Full-page	JJ
PDF	NNP
documents	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
created	VBN
exactly	RB
1	CD
inch	NN
larger	JJR
than	IN
the	DT
height	NN
and	CC
width	NN
of	IN
the	DT
trim	JJ
size	NN
of	IN
the	DT
magazine	NN
.	.
This	DT
can	MD
be	VB
accomplished	VBN
by	IN
creating	VBG
the	DT
postscript	NN
at	IN
this	DT
size	NN
.	.
For	IN
a	DT
full	JJ
page	NN
in	IN
Job	NNP
Choices	NNPS
,	,
your	PRP$
PDF	NNP
document	NN
should	MD
be	VB
9	CD
''	''
x	SYM
11.5	CD
''	''
.	.
At	IN
your	PRP$
request	NN
,	,
NACE	NNP
staff	NN
will	MD
format	NN
and	CC
lay	VBD
out	RP
your	PRP$
profile	NN
in	IN
our	PRP$
standard	JJ
two-column	JJ
format	NN
,	,
with	IN
your	PRP$
logo	NN
placed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
upper	JJ
left-hand	JJ
corner	NN
.	.
Just	RB
send	VB
us	PRP
your	PRP$
copy	NN
on	IN
a	DT
PC	NN
formatted	VBN
disk	NN
accompanied	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
printed	VBN
hard	JJ
copy	NN
.	.
Copy	VB
for	IN
a	DT
full	JJ
page	NN
should	MD
be	VB
about	IN
500	CD
words	NNS
,	,
about	IN
225	CD
words	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
half	NN
page	NN
,	,
or	CC
about	IN
125	CD
words	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
quarter	NN
page	NN
.	.
Or	CC
,	,
e-mail	VB
your	PRP$
copy	NN
in	IN
a	DT
Word	NN
document	NN
.	.
In	IN
fall	NN
1956	CD
,	,
women	NNS
accounted	VBD
for	IN
just	RB
34.5	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
all	DT
enrollments	NNS
in	IN
institutions	NNS
of	IN
higher	JJR
education	NN
;	:
in	IN
2004	CD
,	,
they	PRP
accounted	VBD
for	IN
57.2	CD
percent	NN
.	.
This	DT
trend	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
steady	JJ
over	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
,	,
indicating	VBG
that	IN
women	NNS
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
account	VB
for	IN
a	DT
larger	JJR
and	CC
larger	JJR
portion	NN
of	IN
enrollments	NNS
.	.
Figure	NN
8	CD
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
Not	RB
surprisingly	RB
,	,
as	IN
opportunities	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
salaries	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
have	VBP
grown	VBN
over	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
,	,
computer	NN
and	CC
information	NN
sciences	NNS
degrees	NNS
and	CC
degrees	NNS
in	IN
health	NN
and	CC
related	VBN
clinical	JJ
sciences	NNS
now	RB
account	VBP
for	IN
a	DT
significantly	RB
larger	JJR
portion	NN
of	IN
degrees	NNS
conferred	VBN
.	.
Demographics	NNS
are	VBP
important	JJ
both	DT
to	TO
effective	JJ
college	NN
recruiting	NN
efforts	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
effective	JJ
career	NN
services	NNS
programming	NN
,	,
as	IN
they	PRP
enable	VBP
professionals	NNS
to	TO
model	VB
their	PRP$
programs	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
portrait	NN
of	IN
the	DT
candidate	NN
\/	NN
student	NN
.	.
Reviewing	VBG
demographics	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
lens	NN
of	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
half	JJ
century	NN
suggests	VBZ
what	WP
professionals	NNS
can	MD
reasonably	RB
expect	VB
in	IN
coming	VBG
years	NNS
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
a	DT
college	NN
candidate	NN
pool	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
increasingly	RB
female	JJ
and	CC
diverse	JJ
;	:
and	CC
2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
shifts	NNS
in	IN
types	NNS
of	IN
degrees	NNS
students	NNS
will	MD
pursue	VB
.	.
In	IN
career	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
practitioners	NNS
report	VBP
increased	VBN
demand	NN
for	IN
accountability	NN
from	IN
internal	JJ
stakeholders	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
administrators	NNS
,	,
faculty	NN
,	,
and	CC
students	NNS
,	,
and	CC
external	JJ
stakeholders	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
parents	NNS
,	,
alumni	NNS
,	,
employers	NNS
,	,
accrediting	VBG
organizations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
state	NN
agencies	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
1980s	CD
and	CC
1990s	CD
,	,
Carretta	NNP
says	VBZ
career	NN
centers	NNS
began	VBD
placing	VBG
more	JJR
emphasis	NN
on	IN
user	NN
information	NN
,	,
especially	RB
as	IN
services	NNS
expanded	VBN
to	TO
include	VB
career	NN
counseling\/advising	VBG
,	,
career\/jobsearch	NN
preparation	NN
workshops	NNS
,	,
career	NN
resources	NNS
,	,
job	NN
fairs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
several	JJ
years	NNS
,	,
Ratcliffe	NNP
says	VBZ
,	,
there	EX
has	VBZ
been	VBN
a	DT
shift	NN
from	IN
demonstrating	VBG
productivity	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
student	NN
contacts	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
adding	VBG
satisfaction	NN
measures	NNS
to	TO
indicate	VB
effectiveness	NN
using	VBG
a	DT
consumer-based	JJ
management	NN
model	NN
to	TO
defining	VBG
desired	VBN
student	NN
learning	VBG
outcomes	NNS
and	CC
documenting	VBG
specific	JJ
institutional	JJ
or	CC
unit	NN
influences	VBZ
on	IN
the	DT
achievement	NN
of	IN
those	DT
outcomes	NNS
.	.
Over	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
50	CD
years	NNS
,	,
technological	JJ
developments	NNS
have	VBP
touched	VBN
on	IN
all	DT
aspects	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
HR	NNP
\/	NNP
staffing	NN
profession	NN
,	,
changing	VBG
and	CC
improving	VBG
how	WRB
NACE	NNP
members	NNS
counsel	NN
,	,
recruit	VB
,	,
and	CC
hire	VB
college	NN
students	NNS
and	CC
new	JJ
graduates	NNS
.	.
Technology	NNP
helps	VBZ
career	NN
services	NNS
connect	VBP
employers	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
,	,
deliver	VBP
jobsearch	NN
information	NN
and	CC
services	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
,	,
and	CC
even	RB
provide	VB
counseling	NN
services	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
plays	VBZ
a	DT
part	NN
in	IN
helping	VBG
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
market	NN
its	PRP$
services	NNS
.	.
Web	NN
sites	NNS
,	,
e-mail	NN
,	,
web-based	JJ
recruiting	NN
systems	NNS
,	,
online	JJ
tutorials	NNS
and	CC
assessment	NN
tools	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
technologies	NNS
help	VBP
career	NN
services	NNS
deliver	VBP
their	PRP$
offerings	NNS
to	TO
students	NNS
,	,
employers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
audiences	NNS
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
popular	JJ
iPods	NNS
are	VBP
used	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
learning	VBG
tool	NN
on	IN
many	JJ
college	NN
and	CC
university	NN
campuses	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
practitioners	NNS
can	MD
and	CC
do	VB
adapt	VB
their	PRP$
programs	NNS
and	CC
workshops	NNS
to	TO
this	DT
new	JJ
form	NN
of	IN
delivery	NN
as	IN
educators	NNS
are	VBP
already	RB
sending	VBG
lectures	VBZ
,	,
podcasts	NNS
,	,
and\/or	CC
supplemental	JJ
material	NN
to	TO
the	DT
devices	NNS
.	.
And	CC
,	,
technology	NN
can	MD
create	VB
new	JJ
issues	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
dealt	VBN
with	IN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
past	JJ
year	NN
,	,
for	IN
example	NN
,	,
many	JJ
practitioners	NNS
have	VBP
found	VBN
themselves	PRP
having	VBG
to	TO
educate	VB
-LRB-	-LRB-
often	RB
disbelieving	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
students	NNS
about	IN
the	DT
potential	JJ
pitfalls	NNS
of	IN
social	JJ
networking	NN
sites	NNS
.	.
Telephone	NNP
technology	NN
now	RB
enables	VBZ
NACE	NNP
committees	NNS
and	CC
task	NN
forces	NNS
to	TO
hold	VB
conference	NN
calls	NNS
,	,
saving	VBG
time	NN
and	CC
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
bringing	VBG
people	NNS
together	RB
from	IN
all	DT
over	IN
the	DT
country	NN
.	.
Those	DT
attending	VBG
the	DT
first	JJ
programs	NNS
offered	VBN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
probably	RB
would	MD
have	VB
been	VBN
skeptical	JJ
if	IN
told	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
association	NN
eventually	RB
would	MD
offer	VB
virtual	JJ
seminars	NNS
that	WDT
members	NNS
could	MD
attend	VB
without	IN
leaving	VBG
their	PRP$
offices	NNS
.	.
A	DT
department	NN
secretary	NN
was	VBD
uncertain	JJ
about	IN
using	VBG
the	DT
word	NN
processor	NN
at	IN
first	RB
,	,
Shepelak	NNP
says	VBZ
.	.
But	CC
after	IN
he	PRP
showed	VBD
her	PRP$
how	WRB
much	JJ
faster	RBR
it	PRP
was	VBD
to	TO
type	NN
letters	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
word	NN
processor	NN
,	,
she	PRP
learned	VBD
how	WRB
to	TO
use	VB
it	PRP
.	.
Even	RB
those	DT
slightly	RB
newer	JJR
to	TO
the	DT
profession	NN
have	VBP
seen	VBN
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
way	NN
technology	NN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
.	.
Caroline	NNP
Ceniza-Levine	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
HR\/staffing	NNP
field	NN
for	IN
nine	CD
years	NNS
,	,
the	DT
last	JJ
four	CD
with	IN
Time	NNP
Inc.	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
publishes	VBZ
more	JJR
than	IN
150	CD
popular	JJ
consumer	NN
magazines	NNS
worldwide	NN
.	.
She	PRP
says	VBZ
her	PRP$
job	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
made	VBN
more	RBR
efficient	JJ
by	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
widespread	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
e-mail	NN
.	.
In	IN
1998	CD
,	,
NACE	NNP
Board	NNP
members	NNS
began	VBD
communicating	VBG
via	IN
a	DT
listserv	NN
between	IN
biannual	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
Eventually	RB
,	,
NACE	NNP
introduced	VBD
listservs	NNS
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
its	PRP$
members	NNS
varied	VBD
interests	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
global	JJ
issues	NNS
,	,
two-year	JJ
college	NN
topics	NNS
,	,
recruitment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
college-educated	JJ
work	NN
force	NN
,	,
and	CC
technology	NN
.	.
Also	RB
in	IN
1998	CD
,	,
NACE	NNP
began	VBD
sending	VBG
broadcast	NN
e-mails	NNS
to	TO
its	PRP$
members	NNS
,	,
updating	VBG
them	PRP
on	IN
developments	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
and	CC
the	DT
association	NN
.	.
In	IN
1999	CD
,	,
NACE	NNP
published	VBD
Spotlight	NNP
Extra	NNP
,	,
an	DT
online	JJ
newsletter	NN
featuring	VBG
pertinent	JJ
news	NN
items	NNS
,	,
polls	NNS
on	IN
hot	JJ
topics	NNS
,	,
legal	JJ
advisories	NNS
,	,
technology	NN
updates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
so	RB
on	IN
.	.
Later	RB
,	,
the	DT
membership	NN
directory	NN
,	,
previously	RB
a	DT
print-only	JJ
publication	NN
,	,
also	RB
was	VBD
offered	VBN
online	NN
,	,
ultimately	RB
becoming	VBG
an	DT
online-only	JJ
feature	NN
.	.
For	IN
directors	NNS
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
challenge	NN
in	IN
allocating	VBG
time	NN
to	TO
take	VB
on	RP
leadership	NN
roles	NNS
because	IN
one	CD
also	RB
must	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
readjust	VB
and	CC
meet	VB
the	DT
new	JJ
expanding	VBG
or	CC
different	JJ
priorities	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
,	,
to	TO
stay	VB
aligned	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
university	NN
?	.
goals	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
.	.
The	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
co-curricular	JJ
programs	NNS
and	CC
working	VBG
with	IN
faculty	NN
members	NNS
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
grow	VB
,	,
she	PRP
says	VBZ
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
all	DT
part	NN
of	IN
demonstrating	VBG
value	NN
and	CC
results	NNS
to	TO
obtain	VB
the	DT
necessary	JJ
resources	NNS
to	TO
keep	VB
helping	VBG
students	NNS
.	.
Some	DT
in	IN
the	DT
profession	NN
wanted	VBD
an	DT
even	RB
more	RBR
placement-oriented	JJ
association	NN
,	,
so	RB
in	IN
October	NNP
1926	CD
at	IN
the	DT
Massachusetts	NNP
Institute	NNP
of	IN
Technology	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Eastern	NNP
College	NNP
Personnel	NNP
Officers	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ECPO	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
was	VBD
established	VBN
.	.
ECPO	NNP
aimed	VBD
to	TO
provide	VB
professional	JJ
improvement	NN
for	IN
members	NNS
through	IN
conventions	NNS
,	,
meetings	NNS
,	,
and	CC
presentations	NNS
by	IN
experts	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
.	.
What	WP
does	VBZ
the	DT
future	JJ
hold	NN
for	IN
the	DT
profession	NN
?	.
NACE	NNP
is	VBZ
seeking	VBG
predictions	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
future	NN
of	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
college	NN
recruitment	NN
to	TO
feature	VB
online	NN
in	IN
the	DT
50th	JJ
Anniversary	NN
site	NN
,	,
and	CC
may	MD
be	VB
included	VBN
in	IN
NACE	NNP
communciations	NNS
,	,
newsletters	NNS
,	,
publications	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
materials	NNS
.	.
Through	IN
our	PRP$
professional	JJ
development	NN
programs	NNS
for	IN
people	NNS
who	WP
work	VBP
at	IN
business	NN
schools	NNS
,	,
and	CC
through	IN
the	DT
information	NN
we	PRP
provide	VBP
to	TO
potential	JJ
business	NN
school	NN
applicants	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
media	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
help	VBP
people	NNS
around	IN
the	DT
world	NN
realize	VBP
success	NN
and	CC
fulfillment	NN
through	IN
the	DT
MBA	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
graduate	JJ
management	NN
and	CC
professional	JJ
degrees	NNS
.	.
AfterCollege	NNP
?	.
powers	NNS
the	DT
job	NN
sites	NNS
of	IN
individual	JJ
academic	JJ
departments	NNS
and	CC
student	NN
groups	NNS
at	IN
universities	NNS
.	.
Through	IN
its	PRP$
network	NN
of	IN
sites	NNS
,	,
AfterCollege	NNP
allows	VBZ
clients	NNS
to	TO
recruit	VB
directly	RB
out	IN
of	IN
900	CD
+	CD
academic	JJ
departments	NNS
and	CC
student	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
producing	VBG
extremely	RB
targeted	VBN
results	NNS
,	,
and	CC
helping	VBG
employers	NNS
reduce	VB
their	PRP$
cost	NN
per	IN
college	NN
hire	NN
by	IN
up	RB
to	TO
80	CD
%	NN
.	.
AfterCollege	NNP
helps	VBZ
employers	NNS
target	NN
students	NNS
not	RB
only	RB
by	IN
university	NN
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
by	IN
discipline	NN
and	CC
by	IN
group	NN
affiliation	NN
.	.
Knowing	VBG
that	DT
clients	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
treated	VBN
with	IN
respect	NN
will	MD
return	VB
,	,
Maximum	NNP
Management	NNP
works	VBZ
hard	JJ
to	TO
foster	VB
long-term	JJ
relationships	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
accomplish	VBP
this	DT
by	IN
responding	VBG
to	TO
each	DT
clients	NNS
unique	JJ
needs	NNS
and	CC
handling	VBG
each	DT
assignment	NN
with	IN
equal	JJ
importance	NN
.	.
The	DT
approach	NN
we	PRP
take	VBP
is	VBZ
a	DT
consultative	NN
and	CC
creative	JJ
one	CD
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
designing	VBG
highly	RB
personalized	VBN
solutions	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
complete	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
HR	NNP
issues	NNS
.	.
And	CC
we	PRP
are	VBP
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
saving	VBG
our	PRP$
clients	NNS
time	NN
and	CC
money	NN
.	.
By	IN
following	VBG
this	DT
path	NN
and	CC
remaining	VBG
aware	JJ
that	IN
honesty	NN
and	CC
reputation	NN
are	VBP
paramount	JJ
in	IN
this	DT
field	NN
,	,
we	PRP
are	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
point	VB
to	TO
more	JJR
than	IN
15	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
success	NN
.	.
Prospects	NNS
.	.
ac	NN
.	.
uk	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
essential	JJ
guide	NN
to	TO
graduate	JJ
careers	NNS
and	CC
postgraduate	NN
study	NN
in	IN
the	DT
UK	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
used	VBN
by	IN
students	NNS
,	,
graduates	NNS
,	,
careers	NNS
advisers	NNS
and	CC
recruiters	NNS
alike	RB
.	.
Prospects	NNS
.	.
ac	NN
.	.
uk	NN
is	VBZ
published	VBN
by	IN
Graduate	NNP
Prospects	NNPS
,	,
and	CC
is	VBZ
just	RB
one	CD
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
portfolio	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
graduate	NN
marketplace	NN
reports	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Prospects	NNP
series	NN
of	IN
graduate	NN
recruitment	NN
and	CC
postgraduate	NN
course	NN
directories	NNS
and	CC
magazines	NNS
and	CC
career	NN
planning	NN
software	NN
.	.
The	DT
organization	NN
was	VBD
established	VBN
in	IN
1972	CD
and	CC
was	VBD
known	VBN
as	IN
CSU	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
30	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
its	PRP$
existence	NN
.	.
In	IN
2003	CD
,	,
CSU	NNP
became	VBD
Graduate	NNP
Prospects	NNPS
,	,
a	DT
name	NN
that	WDT
more	RBR
clearly	RB
communicates	VBZ
the	DT
relationship	NN
between	IN
the	DT
highly	RB
successful	JJ
Prospects	NNS
brand	NN
and	CC
the	DT
company	NN
that	WDT
publishes	VBZ
it	PRP
.	.
On-Campus	NNP
Resources	NNPS
,	,
Inc.	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
OCR	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
an	DT
outsourcing	NN
company	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
hired	VBN
by	IN
Human	NNP
Resources	NNP
and\/or	CC
Executive	NNP
Management	NNP
to	TO
augment	VB
or	CC
replace	VB
some	DT
part	NN
or	CC
all	DT
of	IN
their	PRP$
organizations	NNS
'	POS
college-recruiting	JJ
programs	NNS
.	.
Clients	NNS
utilize	VBP
OCR	NNP
most	RBS
often	RB
to	TO
manage	VB
the	DT
full	JJ
cycle	NN
process	NN
at	IN
any	DT
number	NN
of	IN
selected	VBN
schools	NNS
,	,
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
those	DT
they	PRP
traditionally	RB
cover	VBP
themselves	PRP
.	.
In	IN
short	RB
,	,
OCR	NNP
provides	VBZ
employers	NNS
with	IN
customized	VBN
interim	NN
,	,
seasonal	JJ
,	,
or	CC
ongoing	JJ
expert	NN
college	NN
recruitment	NN
support	NN
services	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
type	NN
on	IN
a	DT
preset	JJ
fee-for-project	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
Trend	NNP
Integration	NNP
,	,
LLC	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
TI	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
was	VBD
formed	VBN
in	IN
2002	CD
.	.
Its	PRP$
mission	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
develop	VB
a	DT
simple	JJ
,	,
user-friendly	JJ
,	,
solution	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
make	VB
screening	VBG
job	NN
applicants	NNS
more	RBR
efficient	JJ
and	CC
less	RBR
painful	JJ
for	IN
all	DT
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
hiring	VBG
team	NN
.	.
To	TO
date	NN
,	,
thousands	NNS
of	IN
applicants	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
successfully	RB
screened	VBN
using	VBG
InterviewDirect	NNP
across	IN
a	DT
wide	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
industries	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
finance	NN
,	,
healthcare	NN
,	,
information	NN
technology	NN
,	,
telecommunications	NNS
,	,
and	CC
retail	JJ
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
new	JJ
applications	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
technology	NN
continue	VBP
to	TO
emerge	VB
.	.
Most	RBS
recently	RB
,	,
InterviewDirect	NNP
was	VBD
successfully	RB
used	VBN
to	TO
screen	VB
prospective	JJ
college	NN
graduates	VBZ
prior	RB
to	TO
on-campus	JJ
interviewing	VBG
at	IN
over	IN
70	CD
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
nationwide	JJ
.	.
Specialize	VB
in	IN
the	DT
placement	NN
of	IN
a	DT
very	RB
select	JJ
group	NN
of	IN
college	NN
graduates	NNS
that	IN
we	PRP
call	VBP
Project	NNP
Staffers	NNS
,	,
who	WP
tend	VBP
to	TO
be	VB
recent	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
and	CC
are	VBP
either	RB
between	IN
careers	NNS
or	CC
still	RB
seeking	VBG
out	RP
the	DT
right	JJ
opportunity	NN
.	.
InternationalStudents4hire	RB
.	.
com	NN
connects	VBZ
US	NNP
international	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
graduates	NNS
with	IN
available	JJ
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
from	IN
US	NNP
and	CC
Global	JJ
employers	NNS
who	WP
hire	VBP
international	JJ
candidates	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
eg	FW
H1-B	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Our	PRP$
University	NNP
Services	NNP
Program	NNP
empowers	VBZ
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
Directors	NNS
to	TO
support	VB
their	PRP$
international	JJ
student	NN
needs	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
streamlining	VBG
their	PRP$
job	NN
search	NN
,	,
while	IN
providing	VBG
current	JJ
immigration	NN
information	NN
and	CC
resources	NNS
dedicated	VBN
to	TO
international	JJ
students	NNS
-	:
all	RB
in	IN
one	CD
place	NN
.	.
We	PRP
enable	VBP
global	JJ
employers	NNS
to	TO
connect	VB
directly	RB
with	IN
a	DT
world-class	JJ
,	,
exclusive	JJ
talent	NN
pool	NN
-	:
U.S.	NNP
International	NNP
Students	NNS
and	CC
Graduates	NNS
.	.
Our	PRP$
mission	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
make	VB
InternationalStudents4hire	NNP
the	DT
go	NN
to	TO
online	VB
recruitment	NN
site	NN
for	IN
International	NNP
Student	NNP
graduates	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
seeking	VBG
global	JJ
employment	NN
.	.
InternationalStudents4hire	RB
.	.
com	NN
is	VBZ
owned	VBN
and	CC
operated	VBN
by	IN
3Kaya	NNP
LLC	NNP
.	.
LanguageCorps	NNP
offers	VBZ
year-long	JJ
programs	NNS
providing	VBG
talented	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
unique	JJ
opportunity	NN
to	TO
learn	VB
and	CC
apply	VB
new	JJ
skills	NNS
and	CC
develop	VB
a	DT
first-person	NN
perspective	NN
of	IN
the	DT
diversity	NN
of	IN
cultures	NNS
and	CC
populations	NNS
around	IN
the	DT
world	NN
-	:
all	DT
within	IN
the	DT
security	NN
of	IN
a	DT
salaried	JJ
job	NN
and	CC
a	DT
highly	RB
organized	VBN
and	CC
supportive	JJ
community	NN
.	.
SIFE	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
global	JJ
business	NN
and	CC
higher	JJR
education	NN
network	NN
workign	NN
to	TO
prepare	VB
the	DT
next	JJ
generation	NN
of	IN
entrepreneures	NNS
and	CC
business	NN
leaders	NNS
.	.
SIFE	NNP
empowers	VBZ
university	NN
students	NNS
to	TO
realize	VB
their	PRP$
own	JJ
potential	NN
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
difference	NN
by	IN
applying	VBG
the	DT
business	NN
concepts	NNS
they	PRP
learn	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
classroom	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
programs	NNS
that	WDT
create	VBP
economic	JJ
opportunity	NN
for	IN
others	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Total	JJ
Higher	JJR
Education	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
T.H.E.	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
Loan	NNP
Programs	NNP
are	VBP
a	DT
product	NN
of	IN
NorthStar	NNP
,	,
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
respected	JJ
names	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
student	NN
loan	NN
industry	NN
.	.
NorthStar	NNP
's	POS
loyal	JJ
customers	NNS
include	VBP
nearly	RB
500,000	CD
students	NNS
at	IN
participating	VBG
schools	NNS
located	VBN
in	IN
all	DT
50	CD
states	NNS
.	.
Since	IN
1991	CD
,	,
NorthStar	NNP
has	VBZ
processed	VBN
more	JJR
than	IN
$	$
1	CD
billion	CD
in	IN
medical	JJ
student	NN
loans	NNS
and	CC
more	JJR
than	IN
$	$
1.3	CD
billion	CD
in	IN
graduate	NN
student	NN
loans	NNS
.	.
And	CC
every	DT
day	NN
the	DT
list	NN
of	IN
satisfied	JJ
students	NNS
and	CC
participating	VBG
schools	NNS
grows	VBZ
,	,
making	VBG
NorthStar	NNP
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
top	JJ
student	NN
loan	NN
originators	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
country	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
'	POS
obligation	NN
is	VBZ
formed	VBN
by	IN
contract	NN
,	,
standards	NNS
expected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
by	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
are	VBP
employed	VBN
,	,
and	CC
agency	NN
,	,
the	DT
obligation	NN
to	TO
work	VB
in	IN
the	DT
interest	NN
of	IN
the	DT
student	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
as	IN
his\/her	NN
agent	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
do	VB
this	DT
requires	VBZ
that	IN
professionals	NNS
possess	VBP
the	DT
necessary	JJ
knowledge	NN
and	CC
skills	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
also	RB
are	VBP
commanded	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
fidelity	NN
to	TO
their	PRP$
clients	NNS
and	CC
institution	NN
.	.
Loyalty	NN
requires	VBZ
that	IN
they	PRP
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
render	VB
their	PRP$
services	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
manner	NN
that	WDT
meets	VBZ
institutional	JJ
and	CC
student	NN
expectations	NNS
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
are	VBP
expected	VBN
by	IN
their	PRP$
employers	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
information	NN
that	IN
facilitates	VBZ
successful	JJ
recruiting	NN
,	,
both	DT
in	IN
deciding	VBG
upon	IN
which	WDT
schools	NNS
to	TO
recruit	VB
at	IN
and	CC
how	WRB
to	TO
accomplish	VB
this	DT
in	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
successful	JJ
manner	NN
possible	JJ
.	.
Students	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
empowered	VBN
to	TO
explore	VB
and	CC
evaluate	VB
the	DT
fullest	JJS
range	NN
of	IN
career	NN
and	CC
employment	NN
options	NNS
possible	JJ
.	.
Employers	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
make	VBP
the	DT
most	RBS
informed	JJ
judgment	NN
possible	JJ
about	IN
their	PRP$
recruiting	NN
options	NNS
.	.
Enticing	JJ
employers	NNS
to	TO
recruit	VB
at	IN
the	DT
college	NN
with	IN
misleading	JJ
information	NN
not	RB
only	RB
does	VBZ
employers	NNS
a	DT
disservice	NN
,	,
it	PRP
speaks	VBZ
poorly	RB
for	IN
the	DT
college	NN
and	CC
ultimately	RB
harms	VBZ
the	DT
students	NNS
,	,
providing	VBG
a	DT
poor	JJ
image	NN
that	WDT
may	MD
discourage	VB
employers	NNS
from	IN
considering	VBG
their	PRP$
applications	NNS
.	.
The	DT
basis	NN
of	IN
this	DT
principle	NN
is	VBZ
fairness	NN
.	.
The	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
allows	VBZ
all	DT
bona	NN
fide	JJ
employers	NNS
to	TO
compete	VB
for	IN
students	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
reasonably	RB
equal	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
Employers	NNS
with	IN
greater	JJR
resources	NNS
can	MD
conduct	VB
recruiting	VBG
activities	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
more	RBR
extensive	JJ
fashion	NN
;	:
however	RB
,	,
success	NN
in	IN
attracting	VBG
candidates	NNS
or	CC
in	IN
advancing	VBG
the	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
name	NN
should	MD
be	VB
the	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
quality	NN
of	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
effort	NN
,	,
not	RB
from	IN
special	JJ
favors	NNS
granted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
.	.
Scenario	NN
A	NN
:	:
An	DT
employer	NN
sends	VBZ
a	DT
letter	NN
to	TO
a	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
indicating	VBG
that	IN
for	IN
every	DT
referred	VBN
student	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
hired	VBN
and	CC
works	VBZ
a	DT
certain	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
hours	NNS
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
will	MD
receive	VB
a	DT
bonus	NN
.	.
One	CD
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
's	POS
fundamental	JJ
obligations	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
``	``
maintain	VB
an	DT
open	JJ
and	CC
free	JJ
selection	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
...	:
where	WRB
job	NN
candidates	NNS
can	MD
choose	VB
optimum	JJ
long-term	JJ
uses	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
talents	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
consistent	JJ
with	IN
personal	JJ
objectives	NNS
and	CC
all	DT
relevant	JJ
facts	NNS
.	.
''	''
Students	NNS
regard	VBP
a	DT
career	NN
center	NN
as	IN
a	DT
student	NN
service	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
operating	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
student	NN
's	POS
best	JJS
interests	NNS
in	IN
mind	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
who	WP
are	VBP
referred	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
organization	NN
in	IN
the	DT
scenario	NN
may	MD
question	VB
whether	IN
they	PRP
have	VBP
been	VBN
sold	VBN
out	RP
to	TO
the	DT
highest	JJS
bidder	NN
.	.
They	PRP
may	MD
ask	VB
whether	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
referred	VBN
because	IN
the	DT
company	NN
and	CC
the	DT
job	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
good	JJ
fit	NN
or	CC
simply	RB
because	IN
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
wanted	VBD
the	DT
bonus	NN
.	.
When	WRB
offered	VBN
a	DT
fee	NN
for	IN
special	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
Committee	NNP
recommends	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
director	NN
inform	VBP
the	DT
organization	NN
,	,
in	IN
writing	NN
,	,
that	IN
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
document	NN
,	,
accepting	VBG
fees	NNS
for	IN
individual	JJ
placements	NNS
places	NNS
center	NN
staff	NN
in	IN
a	DT
situation	NN
where	WRB
there	EX
is	VBZ
the	DT
appearance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
potential	JJ
conflict	NN
of	IN
interest	NN
.	.
So	RB
at	IN
face	NN
value	NN
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
is	VBZ
doing	VBG
nothing	NN
wrong	JJ
by	IN
asking	VBG
for	IN
a	DT
priority	NN
schedule	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
alludes	VBZ
to	TO
that	DT
contribution	NN
in	IN
the	DT
request	NN
,	,
one	CD
interpretation	NN
could	MD
be	VB
that	IN
funding	NN
will	MD
dry	VB
up	RP
if	IN
special	JJ
treatment	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
provided	VBN
.	.
This	DT
may	MD
be	VB
seen	VBN
as	IN
coercion	NN
.	.
Or	CC
if	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
provides	VBZ
contributions	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
expectation	NN
,	,
explicit	JJ
or	CC
otherwise	RB
,	,
that	IN
special	JJ
treatment	NN
will	MD
ensue	VB
,	,
he\/she	NN
is	VBZ
walking	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
unsteady	JJ
ethical	JJ
ground	NN
of	IN
bribery	NN
.	.
Even	RB
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
harm	NN
to	TO
the	DT
other	JJ
employers	NNS
,	,
what	WP
about	IN
fairness	NN
?	.
The	DT
underlying	VBG
``	``
morality	NN
''	''
of	IN
our	PRP$
economic	JJ
system	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
of	IN
free	JJ
competition	NN
.	.
Ostensibly	RB
,	,
those	DT
who	WP
work	VBP
the	DT
hardest	JJS
,	,
are	VBP
the	DT
most	RBS
ingenious	JJ
,	,
and	CC
do	VB
the	DT
best	JJS
job	NN
should	MD
be	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
successful	JJ
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
our	PRP$
notion	NN
of	IN
fairness	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
justice	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
that	WDT
is	VBZ
proper	JJ
.	.
And	CC
the	DT
result	NN
should	MD
be	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
benefit	VB
to	TO
society	NN
as	IN
a	DT
whole	NN
,	,
as	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
receiving	VBG
the	DT
best	JJS
products	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
.	.
Applied	NNP
to	TO
recruiting	VBG
,	,
employers	NNS
may	MD
compete	VB
fairly	RB
with	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
candidates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
they	PRP
are	VBP
both	DT
entitled	VBN
and	CC
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
effective	JJ
,	,
ethical	JJ
methods	NNS
at	IN
their	PRP$
disposal	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
if	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
's	POS
success	NN
in	IN
recruiting	NN
is	VBZ
due	JJ
to	TO
buying	VBG
special	JJ
favors	NNS
,	,
then	RB
competence	NN
and	CC
hard	JJ
work	NN
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
rewarded	VBN
.	.
That	DT
is	VBZ
unfair	JJ
.	.
From	IN
a	DT
career	NN
center	NN
's	POS
perspective	NN
,	,
there	EX
may	MD
be	VB
no	DT
harm	NN
in	IN
granting	VBG
special	JJ
favors	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
priority	NN
schedules	NNS
to	TO
organizations	NNS
that	WDT
make	VBP
contributions	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
institution	NN
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
when	WRB
gifts	NNS
are	VBP
received	VBN
,	,
even	RB
if	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
expectation	NN
of	IN
reciprocation	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
subtle	JJ
understanding	NN
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
bottom	JJ
line	NN
for	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
maintaining	VBG
or	CC
enhancing	VBG
its	PRP$
relationship	NN
with	IN
the	DT
school	NN
,	,
and	CC
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
's	POS
mind	NN
,	,
the	DT
school	NN
fully	RB
understands	VBZ
that	IN
.	.
That	DT
concept	NN
is	VBZ
even	RB
strong	JJ
,	,
one	CD
could	MD
argue	VB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
school	NN
solicited	VBD
the	DT
contributions	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
where	WRB
does	VBZ
this	DT
stop	NN
?	.
What	WP
favors	VBZ
are	VBP
appropriate	JJ
,	,
which	WDT
are	VBP
not	RB
?	.
Is	VBZ
one	CD
not	RB
in	IN
danger	NN
of	IN
creating	VBG
an	DT
environment	NN
where	WRB
student	NN
interests	NNS
are	VBP
subordinated	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
institution	NN
's	POS
desire	NN
for	IN
research	NN
money	NN
or	CC
new	JJ
equipment	NN
for	IN
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
?	.
While	IN
this	DT
may	MD
seem	VB
a	DT
bit	NN
far	RB
fetched	VBN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
real	JJ
risk	NN
of	IN
losing	VBG
sight	NN
of	IN
the	DT
primary	JJ
objective	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
serving	VBG
student	NN
needs	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
would	MD
not	RB
grant	VB
this	DT
favor	NN
to	TO
any	DT
organization	NN
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
must	MD
answer	VB
``	``
yes	UH
''	''
to	TO
either	DT
questions	NNS
two	CD
or	CC
three	CD
,	,
it	PRP
should	MD
strongly	RB
consider	VB
turning	VBG
down	RP
the	DT
request	NN
.	.
Instead	RB
,	,
it	PRP
should	MD
explain	VB
to	TO
the	DT
employer	NN
that	IN
in	IN
keeping	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
document	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
the	DT
principle	NN
of	IN
providing	VBG
comparable	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
can	MD
not	RB
grant	VB
this	DT
request	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
happy	JJ
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
to	TO
identify	VB
the	DT
best	JJS
ways	NNS
of	IN
maximizing	VBG
the	DT
effectiveness	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
recruiting	NN
efforts	NNS
.	.
In	IN
doing	VBG
so	RB
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
removes	VBZ
him\/herself	NN
from	IN
a	DT
potential	JJ
conflict	NN
of	IN
interest	NN
.	.
A	DT
conflict	NN
of	IN
interest	NN
exists	VBZ
when	WRB
an	DT
individual	NN
has	VBZ
a	DT
personal	JJ
interest	NN
in	IN
a	DT
business	NN
transaction	NN
that	WDT
might	MD
lead	VB
him\/her	NN
to	TO
act	VB
against	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
interests	NNS
of	IN
his\/her	NN
employing	VBG
organization	NN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
practitioner	NN
provides	VBZ
special	JJ
treatment	NN
to	TO
employers	NNS
who	WP
make	VBP
special	JJ
contributions	NNS
,	,
the	DT
practitioner	NN
risks	NNS
ignoring	VBG
his\/her	JJ
primary	JJ
responsibility	NN
to	TO
maintain	VB
a	DT
fair	JJ
and	CC
equitable	JJ
recruitment	NN
process	NN
and	CC
to	TO
support	VB
informed	VBN
and	CC
responsible	JJ
decision	NN
making	VBG
by	IN
candidates	NNS
.	.
Employers	NNS
recruiting	VBG
for	IN
work	NN
outside	IN
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
are	VBP
expected	VBN
to	TO
adhere	VB
to	TO
the	DT
equal	JJ
employment	NN
opportunity	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
EEO	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
policy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
.	.
They	PRP
will	MD
advise	VB
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
and	CC
the	DT
students	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
realities	NNS
of	IN
working	VBG
in	IN
that	DT
country	NN
and	CC
of	IN
any	DT
cultural	JJ
and	CC
foreign	JJ
law	NN
differences	NNS
.	.
''	''
This	DT
principle	NN
is	VBZ
driven	VBN
primarily	RB
by	IN
the	DT
need	NN
to	TO
balance	VB
the	DT
right	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
to	TO
gain	VB
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
broadest	JJS
range	NN
of	IN
opportunities	NNS
possible	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
obligation	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
employers	NNS
with	IN
special	JJ
methods	NNS
or	CC
needs	VBZ
respect	NN
appropriate	JJ
recruiting	NN
practice	NN
.	.
Section	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
a	DT
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
expanded	VBN
upon	IN
in	IN
the	DT
third-party	JJ
segment	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
document	NN
,	,
sets	VBZ
forth	RB
the	DT
fundamental	JJ
understanding\/expectation	NN
that	IN
a	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
make	VBP
it	PRP
clear	JJ
to	TO
third-party	JJ
recruiters	NNS
that	IN
it	PRP
has	VBZ
,	,
on	IN
behalf	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
students	NNS
,	,
an	DT
obligation	NN
to	TO
request	NN
information	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
verify	VB
that	IN
the	DT
positions	NNS
and	CC
organizations	NNS
being	VBG
recruited	VBN
for	IN
are	VBP
legitimate	JJ
and	CC
appropriate	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
school	NN
.	.
Part	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
b	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
acknowledges	VBZ
that	IN
cultural	JJ
and	CC
legal	JJ
expectations	NNS
in	IN
other	JJ
countries	NNS
may	MD
impose	VB
certain	JJ
restrictions	NNS
or	CC
expectations	NNS
on	IN
employers	NNS
seeking	VBG
to	TO
fill	VB
overseas	JJ
positions	NNS
that	WDT
would	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
discriminatory	JJ
or	CC
objectionable	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
.	.
In	IN
adhering	VBG
to	TO
this	DT
principle	NN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
is	VBZ
expected	VBN
to	TO
look	VB
out	RP
for	IN
the	DT
well-being	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
by	IN
reinforcing	VBG
the	DT
expectation	NN
that	IN
employers	NNS
honor	VBP
job	NN
discrimination	NN
protections	NNS
.	.
Simultaneously	RB
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
expects	VBZ
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
students	NNS
understand	VBP
the	DT
culture-based	JJ
circumstances	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
influence	VB
recruitment	NN
practice	NN
and	CC
subsequent	JJ
working	NN
conditions	NNS
.	.
In	IN
short	RB
,	,
this	DT
goes	VBZ
back	RB
to	TO
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
establishing	VBG
conditions	NNS
through	IN
which	WDT
students	NNS
can	MD
make	VB
informed	JJ
decisions	NNS
about	IN
their	PRP$
career	NN
and	CC
employment	NN
options	NNS
.	.
However	RB
in	IN
the	DT
scenario	NN
above	IN
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
is	VBZ
faced	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
dilemma	NN
of	IN
a	DT
conflict	NN
between	IN
U.S.	NNP
law	NN
,	,
international	JJ
law	NN
,	,
and	CC
culture	NN
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
this	DT
conflict	NN
is	VBZ
resolved	VBN
in	IN
different	JJ
ways	NNS
depending	VBG
upon	IN
whether	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
a	DT
U.S.-incorporated	JJ
company	NN
with	IN
operations	NNS
outside	IN
of	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
foreign-based	JJ
company	NN
hiring	VBG
for	IN
its	PRP$
operations	NNS
outside	IN
of	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
,	,
or	CC
whether	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
treaty	NN
that	WDT
supersedes	VBZ
both	DT
.	.
The	DT
scenario	NN
is	VBZ
intentionally	RB
unclear	JJ
on	IN
this	DT
;	:
because	RB
in	IN
most	JJS
cases	NNS
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
will	MD
not	RB
have	VB
sufficient	JJ
information	NN
to	TO
know	VB
which	WDT
laws	NNS
are	VBP
applicable	JJ
.	.
Nor	CC
are	VBP
career	NN
service	NN
professionals	NNS
expected	VBN
advise	VBP
employers	NNS
or	CC
students	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
intricacy	NN
of	IN
what	WP
happens	VBZ
when	WRB
foreign	JJ
law	NN
and	CC
U.S.	NNP
law	NN
conflict	NN
.	.
Thus	RB
,	,
from	IN
an	DT
ethical	JJ
perspective	NN
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
is	VBZ
expected	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
the	DT
employer	NN
explain	VBP
the	DT
realities	NNS
of	IN
working	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
certain	JJ
country	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
cultural	JJ
and	CC
legal	JJ
differences	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
impact	VB
his\/her	JJR
hiring	VBG
decision	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
can	MD
make	VB
the	DT
determination	NN
as	IN
to	TO
whether	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
its	PRP$
internal	JJ
EEO	JJ
policy	NN
would	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
based	VBN
upon	IN
discussion	NN
with	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
on	IN
the	DT
reasons	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
particular	JJ
practice	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
particular	JJ
scenario	NN
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
has	VBZ
contact	NN
with	IN
a	DT
certain	JJ
third-party	JJ
recruiter	NN
before	IN
interviewing	VBG
takes	VBZ
place	NN
on	IN
campus	NN
,	,
he	PRP
or	CC
she	PRP
would	MD
advise	VB
the	DT
recruiter	NN
to	TO
discuss	VB
these	DT
issues	NNS
with	IN
all	DT
candidates	NNS
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
recruiter	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
,	,
then	RB
career	NN
services	NNS
determines	VBZ
what	WP
action	NN
to	TO
take	VB
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
advise	VB
the	DT
recruiter	NN
before	IN
the	DT
interview	NN
takes	VBZ
place	NN
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
should	MD
contact	VB
the	DT
recruiter	NN
and	CC
ask	VB
the	DT
recruiter	NN
to	TO
explain	VB
the	DT
situation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
alumna	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
complaining	VBG
.	.
One	CD
note	NN
for	IN
those	DT
of	IN
you	PRP
who	WP
are	VBP
interested	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
legal	JJ
niceties	NNS
,	,
a	DT
U.S.-based	JJ
employer	NN
must	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
EEO	NNP
law	NN
in	IN
its	PRP$
operations	NNS
outside	IN
of	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
unless	IN
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
would	MD
cause	VB
that	IN
employer	NN
to	TO
violate	VB
a	DT
foreign	JJ
law	NN
.	.
Foreign-based	JJ
employers	NNS
are	VBP
generally	RB
not	RB
required	VBN
to	TO
comply	VB
with	IN
EEO	NNP
law	NN
when	WRB
hiring	VBG
for	IN
operations	NNS
outside	IN
of	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
The	DT
challenge	NN
to	TO
career	NN
services	NNS
offices	NNS
is	VBZ
posed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
apparent	JJ
contradiction	NN
between	IN
the	DT
messages	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
principle	NN
and	CC
the	DT
notion	NN
of	IN
providing	VBG
equal	JJ
services	NNS
to	TO
all	DT
students	NNS
.	.
Sections	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
this	DT
principle	NN
are	VBP
at	IN
the	DT
core	NN
of	IN
this	DT
dilemma	NN
.	.
Section	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
directs	VBZ
or	CC
at	IN
least	JJS
legitimizes	VBZ
that	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
reach	VBP
out	RP
to	TO
minority	NN
group	NN
members	NNS
,	,
though	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
broaden	VB
the	DT
pool	NN
of	IN
applicants	NNS
.	.
That	DT
implies	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
pool	NN
needs	VBZ
broadening	VBG
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
comparable	JJ
to	TO
stating	VBG
,	,
``	``
Women	NNS
and	CC
minorities	NNS
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
apply	VB
,	,
''	''
in	IN
a	DT
job	NN
listing	NN
.	.
The	DT
concern	NN
may	MD
be	VB
``	``
will	MD
nonminority	VB
students	NNS
take	VB
this	DT
to	TO
mean	VB
they	PRP
should	MD
not	RB
bother	VB
to	TO
apply	VB
?	.
''	''
And	CC
if	IN
so	RB
,	,
what	WDT
can	MD
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
do	VBP
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
that	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
know	VBP
that	IN
their	PRP$
applications	NNS
are	VBP
welcomed	VBN
?	.
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
would	MD
a	DT
nonminority	JJ
student	NN
be	VB
justified	VBN
in	IN
claiming	VBG
that	IN
by	IN
aiding	VBG
employers	NNS
in	IN
accessing	VBG
minority	NN
students	NNS
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
is	VBZ
not	RB
providing	VBG
equal	JJ
treatment	NN
?	.
In	IN
short	RB
,	,
adhering	VBG
to	TO
section	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
c	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
does	VBZ
not	RB
automatically	RB
mean	VB
unfair	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
nonminority	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
key	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
how	WRB
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
works	VBZ
with	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
.	.
Minority-only	RB
recruiting	VBG
schedules	NNS
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
an	DT
acceptable	JJ
response	NN
.	.
Section	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
d	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
expresses	VBZ
the	DT
duality	NN
of	IN
this	DT
principle	NN
but	CC
also	RB
offers	VBZ
an	DT
acceptable	JJ
,	,
even	RB
laudable	JJ
rationale	NN
.	.
It	PRP
begins	VBZ
by	IN
reaffirming	VBG
the	DT
underlying	JJ
value	NN
system	NN
of	IN
the	DT
profession	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
full	JJ
and	CC
equal	JJ
opportunity	NN
for	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
implies	VBZ
that	IN
notifying	VBG
only	RB
minorities	NNS
or	CC
women	NNS
about	IN
certain	JJ
jobs	NNS
or	CC
organizations	NNS
is	VBZ
not	RB
the	DT
intention	NN
of	IN
this	DT
principle	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
it	PRP
reminds	VBZ
us	PRP
that	IN
access	NN
for	IN
women	NNS
and	CC
minorities	NNS
to	TO
certain	JJ
fields	NNS
has	VBZ
been	VBN
traditionally	RB
limited	VBN
or	CC
blocked	VBN
,	,
either	CC
intentionally	RB
or	CC
through	IN
the	DT
belief	NN
that	IN
these	DT
fields	NNS
were	VBD
``	``
off	RB
limits	NNS
.	.
''	''
This	DT
section	NN
promotes	VBZ
the	DT
idea	NN
that	WDT
employer	NN
affirmative	JJ
action	NN
programs	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
assisted	VBN
if	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
alert	JJ
minorities	NNS
and	CC
women	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
opportunities	NNS
that	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
have	VB
ruled	VBN
out	RP
.	.
White	NNP
males	NNS
generally	RB
do	VBP
not	RB
need	VB
to	TO
be	VB
told	VBN
that	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
become	VB
engineers	NNS
,	,
geologists	NNS
,	,
dentists	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
professionals	NNS
.	.
Privacy	NN
must	MD
be	VB
guarded	VBN
.	.
By	IN
maintaining	VBG
confidentiality	NN
we	PRP
protect	VBP
individuals	NNS
from	IN
being	VBG
harmed	VBN
by	IN
information	NN
falling	VBG
into	IN
the	DT
wrong	JJ
hands	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
are	VBP
also	RB
protecting	VBG
them	PRP
from	IN
the	DT
embarrassment	NN
and	CC
sense	NN
of	IN
personal	JJ
violation	NN
that	WDT
often	RB
accompany	VBP
having	VBG
had	VBD
their	PRP$
confidentiality	NN
breached	VBN
.	.
Students	NNS
should	MD
receive	VB
only	RB
valid	JJ
information	NN
with	IN
which	WDT
to	TO
make	VB
decisions	NNS
about	IN
career	NN
and	CC
employment	NN
choices	NNS
.	.
Correct	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
instrumentation	NN
should	MD
enable	VB
them	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
an	DT
informed	JJ
decision	NN
as	IN
to	TO
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
the	DT
undergo	VB
testing	NN
and	CC
what	WP
meaning	VBG
it	PRP
might	MD
have	VB
for	IN
them	PRP
.	.
Respect	NN
for	IN
the	DT
human	JJ
right	NN
of	IN
autonomy	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
being	VBG
able	JJ
to	TO
function	VB
independent	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
control	NN
of	IN
others	NNS
,	,
serves	VBZ
as	IN
the	DT
foundation	NN
of	IN
this	DT
principle	NN
.	.
Individuals	NNS
whose	WP$
autonomy	NN
is	VBZ
respected	VBN
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
information	NN
or	CC
directed	VBN
to	TO
sources	NNS
of	IN
information	NN
that	IN
he\/she	NN
can	MD
evaluate	VB
and	CC
use	VB
in	IN
making	VBG
a	DT
career	NN
decision	NN
.	.
Choosing	VBG
to	TO
take	VB
a	DT
career	NN
interest	NN
inventory	NN
should	MD
be	VB
based	VBN
on	IN
correct	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
,	,
meaning	NN
,	,
and	CC
potential	JJ
value	NN
of	IN
the	DT
test	NN
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
.	.
Only	RB
a	DT
trained	VBN
,	,
knowledgeable	JJ
professional	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
position	NN
to	TO
work	VB
through	IN
that	DT
decision	NN
with	IN
the	DT
student	NN
.	.
Second	NNP
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
recognize	VBP
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
often	RB
regarded	VBN
by	IN
students	NNS
as	IN
experts	NNS
,	,
and	CC
thus	RB
their	PRP$
suggestions	NNS
or	CC
comments	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
printed	VBN
results	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
career	NN
test	NN
,	,
may	MD
carry	VB
considerable	JJ
influence	NN
.	.
This	DT
places	VBZ
a	DT
responsibility	NN
on	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
qualified	VBN
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
the	DT
student	NN
to	TO
understand	VB
the	DT
meaning	NN
,	,
especially	RB
the	DT
limitations	NNS
,	,
of	IN
the	DT
test	NN
results	NNS
.	.
``	``
If	IN
the	DT
charging	NN
of	IN
fees	NNS
for	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
becomes	VBZ
necessary	JJ
,	,
such	JJ
fees	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
appropriate	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
budgetary	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
office	NN
and	CC
will	MD
not	RB
hinder	VB
student	NN
or	CC
employer	NN
access	NN
to	TO
services	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
are	VBP
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
counsel	NN
student	NN
and	CC
university	NN
organizations	NNS
engaged	VBN
in	IN
recruitment	NN
activities	NNS
to	TO
follow	VB
this	DT
principle	NN
.	.
''	''
Career	NNP
services	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
campus	NN
offices	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
student	NN
organizations	NNS
,	,
should	MD
not	RB
assess	VB
fees	NNS
or	CC
develop	VB
fee	NN
policies	NNS
that	WDT
result	VBP
in	IN
limiting	VBG
students	NNS
from	IN
using	VBG
services	NNS
or	CC
having	VBG
access	NN
to	TO
all	DT
employers	NNS
.	.
While	IN
outside	JJ
fees	NNS
are	VBP
essential	JJ
for	IN
many	JJ
career	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
this	DT
need	NN
must	MD
be	VB
balanced	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
primary	JJ
obligation	NN
of	IN
equal	JJ
and	CC
full	JJ
access	NN
for	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
a	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
that	WDT
claims	VBZ
it	PRP
has	VBZ
an	DT
educational	JJ
mission	NN
may	MD
be	VB
on	IN
thin	JJ
ice	NN
if	IN
it	PRP
charges	VBZ
students	NNS
for	IN
basic	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
given	VBN
that	DT
tuition	NN
and	CC
fees	NNS
are	VBP
intended	VBN
to	TO
cover	VB
a	DT
student	NN
's	POS
educational	JJ
expenses	NNS
.	.
Even	RB
if	IN
charges	NNS
are	VBP
acceptable	JJ
within	IN
the	DT
framework	NN
of	IN
the	DT
institutional	JJ
fee	NN
structure	NN
and	CC
philosophy	NN
,	,
charging	VBG
employers	NNS
amounts	NNS
well	RB
beyond	IN
the	DT
cost	NN
of	IN
running	VBG
an	DT
event	NN
raises	VBZ
questions	NNS
of	IN
honesty	NN
and	CC
fairness	NN
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
some	DT
organizations	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
or	CC
wish	NN
to	TO
pay	VB
these	DT
fees	NNS
,	,
thus	RB
depriving	VBG
students	NNS
of	IN
direct	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
potential	JJ
employers	NNS
.	.
``	``
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
will	MD
advise	VB
students	NNS
about	IN
their	PRP$
obligations	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
and	CC
establish	VB
mechanisms	NNS
to	TO
encourage	VB
their	PRP$
compliance	NN
.	.
Students	NNS
'	POS
obligations	NNS
include	VBP
providing	VBG
accurate	JJ
information	NN
;	:
adhering	VBG
to	TO
schedules	NNS
;	:
accepting	VBG
an	DT
offer	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
in	IN
good	JJ
faith	NN
;	:
notifying	VBG
employers	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
timely	JJ
basis	NN
of	IN
an	DT
acceptance	NN
or	CC
nonacceptance	NN
and	CC
withdrawing	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
process	NN
after	IN
accepting	VBG
an	DT
offer	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
;	:
interviewing	VBG
only	RB
with	IN
employers	NNS
for	IN
whom	WP
students	NNS
are	VBP
interested	JJ
in	IN
working	VBG
and	CC
whose	WP$
eligibility	NN
requirements	NNS
they	PRP
meet	VBP
;	:
and	CC
requesting	VBG
reimbursement	NN
of	IN
only	RB
reasonable	JJ
and	CC
legitimate	JJ
expenses	NNS
incurred	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
.	.
''	''
Students	NNS
should	MD
act	VB
according	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
same	JJ
principles	NNS
of	IN
honesty	NN
and	CC
fair	JJ
play	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
employers	NNS
and	CC
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
are	VBP
held	VBN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
are	VBP
expected	VBN
to	TO
educate	VB
students	NNS
about	IN
this	DT
responsibility	NN
and	CC
enforce	VB
it	PRP
when	WRB
necessary	JJ
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
have	VBP
an	DT
ethical	JJ
responsibility	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
process	NN
is	VBZ
fair	JJ
and	CC
equitable	JJ
to	TO
candidates	NNS
and	CC
employing	VBG
organizations	NNS
.	.
Student	NN
obligations	NNS
and	CC
ethical	JJ
behavior	NN
in	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
process	NN
are	VBP
important	JJ
to	TO
members	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
profession	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
document	NN
can	MD
not	RB
establish	VB
direct	JJ
standards	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
monitored	VBN
or	CC
enforced	VBN
by	IN
NACE	NNP
,	,
as	IN
students	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
,	,
nor	CC
are	VBP
they	PRP
a	DT
party	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
document	NN
.	.
Rather	RB
,	,
student	NN
behavior	NN
is	VBZ
best	JJS
monitored	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
.	.
The	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
must	MD
instruct	VB
students	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
obligations	NNS
and	CC
develop	VB
mechanisms	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
for	IN
encouraging	JJ
compliance	NN
.	.
Scenario	NN
A	NN
:	:
The	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
becomes	VBZ
aware	JJ
that	IN
a	DT
student	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
signing	VBG
up	RP
for	IN
interviews	NNS
and	CC
then	RB
not	RB
showing	VBG
up	RP
for	IN
the	DT
interview	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
feels	VBZ
restricted	VBN
because	IN
the	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
son	NN
of	IN
the	DT
dean	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
.	.
All	DT
students	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
advised	VBN
that	IN
if	IN
an	DT
unforeseeable	JJ
event	NN
prevents	VBZ
him\/her	RB
from	IN
appearing	VBG
for	IN
an	DT
interview	NN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
should	MD
notify	VB
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
or	CC
the	DT
employer	NN
at	IN
the	DT
earliest	JJS
possible	JJ
moment	NN
.	.
Appropriate	JJ
counseling	NN
by	IN
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
staff	NN
should	MD
impress	VB
upon	IN
the	DT
student	NN
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
keeping	VBG
his\/her	JJR
interview	NN
appointments	NNS
.	.
A	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
a	DT
student	NN
who	WP
habitually	RB
fails	VBZ
to	TO
keep	VB
interview	NN
appointments	NNS
could	MD
restrict	VB
the	DT
student	NN
from	IN
further	JJ
participation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
on-campus	JJ
recruiting	NN
process	NN
.	.
All	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
centers	NNS
should	MD
develop	VB
and	CC
post	VB
a	DT
strictly	RB
enforced	VBN
policy	NN
regarding	VBG
students	NNS
'	POS
obligations	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
process	NN
.	.
Resolution	NNP
B	NNP
:	:
Once	RB
the	DT
student	NN
has	VBZ
accepted	VBN
employment	NN
,	,
the	DT
student	NN
must	MD
live	VB
with	IN
that	DT
commitment	NN
and	CC
withdraw	VB
from	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
process	NN
.	.
The	DT
student	NN
should	MD
notify	VB
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
all	DT
other	JJ
employers	NNS
with	IN
whom	WP
he\/she	VBP
is	VBZ
a	DT
potential	JJ
candidate	NN
for	IN
employment	NN
that	IN
he\/she	NN
has	VBZ
accepted	VBN
an	DT
offer	NN
for	IN
employment	NN
.	.
This	DT
enables	VBZ
the	DT
employer	NN
to	TO
then	RB
consider	VB
alternative	JJ
candidates	NNS
for	IN
positions	NNS
with	IN
their	PRP$
organizations	NNS
and	CC
eliminate	VB
the	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
being	VBG
left	VBN
with	IN
positions	NNS
to	TO
fill	VB
and	CC
no	DT
remaining	VBG
viable	JJ
candidates	NNS
for	IN
consideration	NN
.	.
While	IN
an	DT
offer	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
should	MD
be	VB
given	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
full	JJ
intention	NN
of	IN
being	VBG
honored	VBN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
very	RB
possible	JJ
that	IN
an	DT
employer	NN
may	MD
give	VB
several	JJ
offers	NNS
of	IN
employment	NN
based	VBN
on	IN
certain	JJ
criteria	NNS
and	CC
later	RB
find	VB
that	DT
he\/she	NN
must	MD
withdraw	VB
the	DT
offers	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
due	JJ
to	TO
downsizing	VBG
,	,
non-awarded	JJ
contracts	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
A	DT
student	NN
may	MD
have	VB
several	JJ
offers	NNS
and	CC
continue	VB
interviewing	VBG
until	IN
an	DT
employment	NN
offer	NN
is	VBZ
accepted	VBN
.	.
``	``
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
will	MD
provide	VB
services	NNS
to	TO
international	JJ
students	NNS
consistent	JJ
with	IN
U.S.	NNP
immigration	NN
laws	NNS
;	:
inform	VB
those	DT
students	NNS
about	IN
these	DT
laws	NNS
;	:
represent	VB
the	DT
reality	NN
of	IN
the	DT
available	JJ
job	NN
market	NN
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
;	:
encourage	VB
pursuit	NN
of	IN
only	RB
those	DT
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
that	WDT
meet	VBP
the	DT
individual	NN
's	POS
work	NN
authorization	NN
;	:
and	CC
encourage	VB
pursuit	NN
of	IN
eligible	JJ
international	JJ
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
.	.
''	''
International	NNP
students	NNS
are	VBP
accepted	VBN
for	IN
study	NN
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
with	IN
the	DT
understanding	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
to	TO
return	VB
to	TO
their	PRP$
home	NN
country	NN
for	IN
employment	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
pursuits	NNS
upon	IN
completion	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
studies	NNS
.	.
Subsequent	JJ
to	TO
12	CD
months	NNS
of	IN
post-degree	JJ
practical	JJ
training	NN
employment	NN
,	,
an	DT
international	JJ
student	NN
may	MD
then	RB
petition	VB
his\/her	JJR
employer	NN
to	TO
request	VB
a	DT
new	JJ
visa	NN
status	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
allow	VB
continued	JJ
employment	NN
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
has	VBZ
a	DT
professional	JJ
obligation	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
international	JJ
students	NNS
with	IN
their	PRP$
career	NN
development	NN
,	,
including	VBG
participation	NN
in	IN
experiential	JJ
opportunities	NNS
which	WDT
complement	VBP
and	CC
enhance	VBP
their	PRP$
classroom	NN
education	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
parallel	JJ
responsibility	NN
not	RB
to	TO
encourage	VB
or	CC
enable	VB
students	NNS
to	TO
get	VB
around	IN
the	DT
regulations	NNS
.	.
While	IN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
principles	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
adopted	VBN
which	WDT
are	VBP
specifically	RB
identified	VBN
for	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
,	,
the	DT
behavior	NN
outlined	VBN
in	IN
these	DT
principles	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
observed	VBN
by	IN
all	DT
campus	NN
offices	NNS
and	CC
employees	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
recruitment	NN
processes	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
fair	JJ
and	CC
equitable	JJ
to	TO
candidates	NNS
and	CC
employing	VBG
organizations	NNS
.	.
All	DT
areas	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
campus	NN
should	MD
basically	RB
be	VB
expecting	VBG
to	TO
``	``
play	VB
by	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
rules	NNS
.	.
''	''
Yet	RB
these	DT
other	JJ
campus	NN
parties	NNS
,	,
most	RBS
notably	RB
students	NNS
and	CC
faculty	NN
,	,
are	VBP
generally	RB
not	RB
members	NNS
of	IN
NACE	NNP
.	.
Thus	RB
it	PRP
falls	VBZ
upon	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
to	TO
serve	VB
as	IN
an	DT
educator	NN
and	CC
advocate	NN
for	IN
these	DT
standards	NNS
on	IN
his\/her	NN
campus	NN
.	.
This	DT
can	MD
bring	VB
him\/her	NN
into	IN
conflict	NN
with	IN
campus	NN
members	NNS
,	,
primarily	RB
faculty	NN
and	CC
institutional	JJ
advancement	NN
professionals	NNS
,	,
who	WP
would	MD
employ	VB
methods	NNS
that	WDT
violate	VBP
our	PRP$
principles	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
uncommon	JJ
for	IN
employers	NNS
to	TO
contact	VB
a	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
to	TO
request	NN
names	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
as	IN
potential	JJ
job	NN
candidates	NNS
.	.
While	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
seem	VB
harmless	JJ
to	TO
provide	VB
names	NNS
,	,
there	EX
are	VBP
some	DT
potential	JJ
legal	JJ
and	CC
ethical	JJ
pitfalls	NNS
.	.
By	IN
referring	VBG
students	NNS
for	IN
employment	NN
on	IN
a	DT
regular	JJ
basis	NN
,	,
the	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
could	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
an	DT
``	``
employment	NN
agency	NN
''	''
for	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
equal	JJ
employment	NN
opportunity	NN
law	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
is	VBZ
,	,
innocently	RB
or	CC
otherwise	RB
,	,
referring	VBG
male	JJ
students	NNS
only	RB
,	,
or	CC
not	RB
referring	VBG
minority	NN
students	NNS
,	,
the	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
is	VBZ
open	JJ
to	TO
charges	NNS
of	IN
discrimination	NN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
refers	VBZ
only	RB
three	CD
candidates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
does	VBZ
not	RB
publicize	VB
the	DT
position	NN
to	TO
all	DT
who	WP
may	MD
be	VB
qualified	VBN
,	,
the	DT
doctrine	NN
of	IN
fairness	NN
is	VBZ
violated	VBN
.	.
The	DT
best	JJS
course	NN
of	IN
action	NN
would	MD
be	VB
to	TO
contact	VB
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
so	RB
that	IN
the	DT
position	NN
can	MD
be	VB
listed	VBN
for	IN
all	DT
who	WP
qualify	VBP
.	.
The	DT
faculty	NN
member	NN
could	MD
also	RB
post	VB
the	DT
position	NN
within	IN
the	DT
academic	JJ
department	NN
and	CC
announce	VB
it	PRP
in	IN
his\/her	NN
classes	NNS
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
an	DT
assumption	NN
among	IN
students	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
employment	NN
professionals	NNS
recruiting	VBG
at	IN
their	PRP$
school	NN
are	VBP
using	VBG
a	DT
process	NN
that	WDT
produces	VBZ
appropriate	JJ
hiring	NN
decisions	NNS
:	:
competently	RB
administered	VBN
recruitment	NN
process	NN
that	WDT
contributes	VBZ
to	TO
valid	JJ
decisions	NNS
by	IN
candidates	NNS
about	IN
employment	NN
offers	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
and	CC
employers	NNS
form	VBP
a	DT
partnership	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
intended	VBN
to	TO
benefit	VB
all	DT
parties	NNS
involved	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
process	NN
.	.
This	DT
demands	VBZ
that	IN
employers	NNS
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
function	VB
within	IN
accepted	VBN
professional	JJ
standards	NNS
and	CC
represent	VBP
their	PRP$
organizations	NNS
accurately	RB
to	TO
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
employment	NN
professionals	NNS
are	VBP
relied	VBN
on	IN
to	TO
attract	VB
and	CC
hire	VB
the	DT
best	JJS
candidates	NNS
possible	JJ
for	IN
their	PRP$
organizations	NNS
.	.
Not	RB
only	RB
does	VBZ
this	DT
require	VBP
basic	JJ
competence	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
also	RB
the	DT
need	NN
to	TO
attract	VB
candidates	NNS
whose	WP$
reasons	NNS
for	IN
choosing	VBG
the	DT
organization	NN
match	NN
with	IN
the	DT
reality	NN
of	IN
that	DT
organization	NN
.	.
Otherwise	RB
,	,
turnover	NN
and	CC
the	DT
costs	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
these	DT
errors	NNS
will	MD
result	VB
.	.
The	DT
second	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
this	DT
principle	NN
pertains	VBZ
to	TO
fairness	NN
,	,
honesty	NN
,	,
and	CC
fidelity	NN
.	.
Under	IN
this	DT
principle	NN
employers	NNS
are	VBP
expected	VBN
to	TO
make	VB
offers	NNS
for	IN
openings	NNS
in	IN
good	JJ
faith	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
those	DT
that	WDT
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
their	PRP$
best	JJS
professional	JJ
estimate	NN
,	,
will	MD
be	VB
there	RB
for	IN
candidates	NNS
when	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
graduated	VBN
and	CC
ready	JJ
to	TO
begin	VB
employment	NN
.	.
Put	VB
simply	RB
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
is	VBZ
expected	VBN
to	TO
keep	VB
his\/her	JJR
promise	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
only	RB
fair	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
employer	NN
that	WDT
he\/she	VBP
have	VB
the	DT
option	NN
of	IN
taking	VBG
this	DT
step	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
given	VBN
the	DT
possible	JJ
cost	NN
to	TO
the	DT
candidate	NN
who	WP
is	VBZ
losing	VBG
this	DT
offer	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
only	RB
right	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
employer	NN
compensate	VB
the	DT
candidate	NN
,	,
who	WP
may	MD
have	VB
turned	VBN
down	RP
other	JJ
offers	NNS
,	,
by	IN
taking	VBG
reasonable	JJ
steps	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
him\/her	NN
in	IN
finding	VBG
another	DT
position	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
fall	NN
,	,
an	DT
organization	NN
expects	VBZ
to	TO
hire	VB
75	CD
entry-level	JJ
engineers	NNS
nationwide	JJ
and	CC
recruits	NNS
accordingly	RB
.	.
By	IN
February	NNP
it	PRP
has	VBZ
extended	VBN
offers	NNS
and	CC
positions	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
accepted	VBN
.	.
Students	NNS
who	WP
accepted	VBD
these	DT
positions	NNS
have	VBP
honored	VBN
their	PRP$
obligation	NN
by	IN
withdrawing	VBG
from	IN
their	PRP$
respective	JJ
on-campus	JJ
recruiting	NN
programs	NNS
and	CC
notified	VBN
other	JJ
organizations	NNS
from	IN
which	WDT
they	PRP
received	VBD
offers	NNS
.	.
In	IN
April	NNP
,	,
the	DT
recruiters	NNS
are	VBP
notified	VBN
that	IN
some	DT
major	JJ
federal	JJ
contracts	NNS
have	VBP
not	RB
been	VBN
granted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
organization	NN
and	CC
many	JJ
of	IN
these	DT
new	JJ
hires	NNS
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
needed	VBN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
practices	NNS
were	VBD
based	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
good	JJ
intentions	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
need	NN
to	TO
cut	VB
hires	NNS
was	VBD
unforeseeable	JJ
,	,
the	DT
organization	NN
still	RB
has	VBZ
the	DT
obligation	NN
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
good	JJ
faith	NN
effort	NN
to	TO
help	VB
the	DT
students	NNS
recover	VBP
from	IN
their	PRP$
loss	NN
.	.
This	DT
can	MD
include	VB
looking	VBG
for	IN
other	JJ
positions	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
,	,
assisting	VBG
the	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
finding	VBG
positions	NNS
elsewhere	RB
,	,
or	CC
engaging	VBG
the	DT
assistance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
outside	JJ
firm	NN
to	TO
help	VB
the	DT
students	NNS
obtain	VB
comparable	JJ
employment	NN
.	.
Organizations	NNP
contributing	VBG
to	TO
a	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
or	CC
its	PRP$
college	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
inherently	RB
immoral	JJ
.	.
A	DT
contribution	NN
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
means	NN
of	IN
bringing	VBG
attention	NN
to	TO
the	DT
organization	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
an	DT
investment	NN
in	IN
the	DT
institution	NN
from	IN
which	WDT
candidates	NNS
are	VBP
hired	VBN
.	.
The	DT
problem	NN
,	,
at	IN
least	JJS
from	IN
the	DT
standpoint	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
document	NN
,	,
emerges	VBZ
when	WRB
a	DT
recruiting	NN
organization	NN
seeks	VBZ
treatment	NN
that	IN
in	IN
some	DT
way	NN
threatens	VBZ
the	DT
intended	JJ
fairness	NN
of	IN
the	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
employers	NNS
with	IN
whom	WP
the	DT
college	NN
collaborates	VBZ
.	.
When	WRB
contributions	NNS
are	VBP
intended	VBN
or	CC
have	VBP
the	DT
effect	NN
of	IN
crowding	VBG
out	RP
other	JJ
,	,
less	RBR
affluent	JJ
employers	NNS
,	,
then	RB
students	NNS
may	MD
in	IN
effect	NN
be	VB
denied	VBN
ready	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
opportunities	NNS
they	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
consider	VB
and	CC
are	VBP
entitled	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
.	.
The	DT
recommended	VBN
approach	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
make	VB
all	DT
efforts	NNS
to	TO
educate	VB
the	DT
two	CD
vice	NN
presidents	NNS
about	IN
the	DT
realities	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
situation	NN
.	.
Not	RB
all	DT
students	NNS
expect	VBP
or	CC
want	VBP
alcoholic	JJ
beverages	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
recruiting	NN
event	NN
.	.
Some	DT
,	,
possibly	RB
the	DT
best	JJS
candidates	NNS
,	,
may	MD
be	VB
uncomfortable	JJ
with	IN
this	DT
situation	NN
and	CC
turned	VBD
off	RP
by	IN
the	DT
implication	NN
that	WDT
drinking	NN
is	VBZ
expected	VBN
or	CC
acceptable	JJ
at	IN
a	DT
business	NN
function	NN
.	.
While	IN
some	DT
organizations	NNS
still	RB
make	VBP
alcohol	NN
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
recruiting	NN
function	NN
,	,
many	JJ
recognize	VBP
that	IN
this	DT
contradicts	VBZ
the	DT
philosophy	NN
that	WDT
underlies	VBZ
their	PRP$
substance	NN
abuse	NN
stance	NN
.	.
Third	NNP
,	,
given	VBN
the	DT
concern	NN
that	WDT
colleges	NNS
have	VBP
with	IN
student	NN
alcohol	NN
abuse	NN
,	,
making	VBG
alcoholic	JJ
beverages	NNS
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
recruitment	NN
might	MD
not	RB
engender	VB
positive	JJ
relationships	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
institutions	NNS
from	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
company	NN
is	VBZ
recruiting	VBG
.	.
The	DT
challenge	NN
to	TO
employment	NN
professionals	NNS
recruiting	VBG
on	IN
college	NN
campuses	NNS
mirrors	VBZ
the	DT
dilemma	NN
that	IN
in	IN
some	DT
respect	NN
is	VBZ
experienced	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
individual	JJ
or	CC
organization	NN
that	WDT
believes	VBZ
in	IN
a	DT
just	RB
hiring	VBG
process	NN
.	.
Equal	NNP
employment	NN
opportunity	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
concept	NN
of	IN
distributive	JJ
justice	NN
.	.
Distributive	JJ
justice	NN
in	IN
part	NN
has	VBZ
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
the	DT
way	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
economic	JJ
decisions	NNS
are	VBP
made	VBN
,	,
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
hiring	NN
,	,
compensation	NN
,	,
and	CC
promotion	NN
.	.
Several	JJ
principles	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
equitable	JJ
way	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
to	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
fairness	NN
of	IN
distributing	VBG
benefits	NNS
,	,
most	RBS
notably	RB
merit	NN
.	.
Employees	NNS
hired	VBD
or	CC
promoted	VBD
based	VBN
on	IN
merit	NN
are	VBP
viewed	VBN
as	IN
having	VBG
done	VBN
the	DT
best	JJS
,	,
most	RBS
related	JJ
work	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
possessing	VBG
the	DT
most	JJS
necessary	JJ
qualities	NNS
to	TO
perform	VB
the	DT
tasks	NNS
required	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
position	NN
being	VBG
filled	VBN
.	.
Race	NN
,	,
gender	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
ethnicity	NN
,	,
religion	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
,	,
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
seen	VBN
,	,
except	IN
in	IN
the	DT
rarest	NN
of	IN
circumstances	NNS
,	,
as	IN
having	VBG
anything	NN
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
merit	NN
or	CC
having	VBG
a	DT
legitimate	JJ
place	NN
as	IN
a	DT
selection	NN
factor	NN
.	.
It	PRP
should	MD
also	RB
be	VB
noted	VBN
that	IN
both	DT
the	DT
private	JJ
and	CC
public	JJ
sectors	NNS
have	VBP
come	VBN
to	TO
believe	VB
that	IN
affirmative	JJ
action	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
means	NN
of	IN
creating	VBG
more	JJR
diversity	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
work	NN
forces	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
seen	VBN
as	IN
definite	JJ
benefit	NN
to	TO
the	DT
organization	NN
,	,
even	RB
a	DT
need	NN
.	.
From	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
and	CC
,	,
indeed	RB
,	,
a	DT
societal	JJ
standpoint	NN
,	,
an	DT
effective	JJ
affirmative	JJ
action	NN
program	NN
allows	VBZ
for	IN
greater	JJR
use	NN
of	IN
talent	NN
,	,
not	RB
to	TO
mention	VB
empowering	VBG
organizations	NNS
to	TO
relate	VB
more	RBR
effectively	RB
to	TO
their	PRP$
diverse	JJ
clienteles	NNS
,	,
be	VB
their	PRP$
customers	NNS
,	,
or	CC
clients	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
core	NN
of	IN
an	DT
effective	JJ
affirmative	JJ
action	NN
program	NN
is	VBZ
recruitment	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
attracting	VBG
the	DT
interest	NN
of	IN
targeted	JJ
populations	NNS
.	.
Thus	RB
employment	NN
professionals	NNS
in	IN
NACE	NNP
member	NN
organizations	NNS
seeking	VBG
to	TO
meet	VB
their	PRP$
affirmative	JJ
action	NN
goals	NNS
view	VBP
campus	NN
recruiting	NN
as	IN
a	DT
means	NN
of	IN
inviting	VBG
minority	NN
and	CC
females	NNS
to	TO
apply	VB
,	,
interview	NN
,	,
and	CC
ultimately	RB
accept	VB
an	DT
offer	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
.	.
And	CC
given	VBN
their	PRP$
partnership	NN
with	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
offices	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
recruitment	NN
enterprise	NN
,	,
employment	NN
professionals	NNS
will	MD
ask	VB
for	IN
cooperation	NN
in	IN
reaching	VBG
these	DT
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
issue	NN
here	RB
is	VBZ
not	RB
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
to	TO
court	NN
the	DT
interest	NN
of	IN
these	DT
candidates	NNS
,	,
rather	RB
it	PRP
has	VBZ
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
how	WRB
this	DT
effort	NN
is	VBZ
carried	VBN
out	RP
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
are	VBP
obliged	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
equal	JJ
service	NN
and	CC
opportunity	NN
for	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
.	.
But	CC
for	IN
them	PRP
to	TO
single	VB
out	RP
students	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
race	NN
,	,
ethnicity	NN
or	CC
gender	NN
is	VBZ
unthinkable	JJ
.	.
Instead	RB
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
should	MD
conceive	VB
of	IN
a	DT
recruitment	NN
effort	NN
that	WDT
encourages	VBZ
minority	NN
interest	NN
and	CC
reaches	VBZ
out	RP
to	TO
minority	NN
group	NN
members	NNS
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
is	VBZ
inclusive	JJ
of	IN
all	DT
students	NNS
who	WP
might	MD
qualify	VB
for	IN
the	DT
management	NN
training	NN
program	NN
.	.
This	DT
effort	NN
is	VBZ
most	RBS
likely	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
successful	JJ
if	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
comprehensive	JJ
.	.
Advertisement	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
may	MD
include	VB
wording	NN
that	IN
encourages	VBZ
minority	NN
and	CC
female	JJ
applications	NNS
,	,
while	IN
also	RB
making	VBG
it	PRP
clear	JJ
that	IN
all	DT
qualified	VBN
applicants	NNS
are	VBP
welcomed	VBN
.	.
Asking	VBG
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
professional	JJ
to	TO
single	VB
out	RP
students	NNS
or	CC
announce	VB
minority	NN
-	:
or	CC
female-only	JJ
opportunities	NNS
is	VBZ
not	RB
acceptable	JJ
,	,
nor	CC
is	VBZ
it	PRP
likely	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
warmly	RB
received	VBN
.	.
Similarly	RB
,	,
skirting	VBG
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
and	CC
going	VBG
directly	RB
to	TO
faculty	NN
in	IN
an	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
have	VB
them	PRP
engage	VB
in	IN
this	DT
sort	NN
of	IN
activity	NN
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
in	IN
keeping	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
ethical	JJ
standards	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
.	.
Privacy	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
important	JJ
right	NN
that	WDT
must	MD
be	VB
guarded	VBN
.	.
By	IN
maintaining	VBG
confidentiality	NN
we	PRP
protect	VBP
individuals	NNS
from	IN
being	VBG
harmed	VBN
by	IN
information	NN
falling	VBG
into	IN
the	DT
wrong	JJ
hands	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
also	RB
protect	VBP
them	PRP
from	IN
the	DT
embarrassment	NN
and	CC
sense	NN
of	IN
personal	JJ
violation	NN
that	WDT
often	RB
accompany	VBP
having	VBG
had	VBD
confidentiality	NN
breached	VBN
.	.
Letters	NNS
of	IN
recommendation	NN
for	IN
candidates	NNS
are	VBP
occasionally	RB
requested	VBN
by	IN
employment	NN
professionals	NNS
.	.
Whether	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
,	,
a	DT
third-party	JJ
organization	NN
,	,
or	CC
directly	RB
by	IN
the	DT
letter	NN
writers	NNS
,	,
these	DT
documents	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
express	JJ
reason	NN
they	PRP
were	VBD
requested	VBN
and	CC
none	NN
other	JJ
.	.
Once	RB
used	VBN
,	,
they	PRP
should	MD
be	VB
destroyed	VBN
.	.
They	PRP
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
circulated	VBN
to	TO
others	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
unless	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
need	NN
for	IN
others	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
managers	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
know	VB
and	CC
the	DT
student	NN
provides	VBZ
written	VBN
consent	NN
.	.
Similarly	RB
,	,
they	PRP
should	MD
never	RB
be	VB
forwarded	VBN
to	TO
outside	JJ
individuals	NNS
or	CC
organizations	NNS
unless	IN
the	DT
student	NN
provides	VBZ
written	VBN
permission	NN
.	.
This	DT
permission	NN
should	MD
never	RB
be	VB
coerced	VBN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
student	NN
should	MD
have	VB
full	JJ
understanding	NN
as	IN
to	TO
why	WRB
this	DT
is	VBZ
being	VBG
requested	VBN
and	CC
how	WRB
it	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
effected	VBN
.	.
``	``
Those	DT
engaged	VBN
in	IN
administering	VBG
,	,
evaluating	VBG
,	,
and	CC
interpreting	VBG
assessment	NN
tools	NNS
,	,
tests	NNS
,	,
and	CC
technology	NN
used	VBN
in	IN
selection	NN
will	MD
be	VB
trained	VBN
and	CC
qualified	VBN
to	TO
do	VB
so	RB
.	.
Employment	NNP
professionals	NNS
must	MD
advise	VB
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
of	IN
any	DT
test	NN
conducted	VBN
on	IN
campus	NN
and	CC
eliminate	VB
such	PDT
a	DT
test	NN
if	IN
it	PRP
violates	VBZ
campus	NN
policies	NNS
.	.
Employment	NNP
professionals	NNS
must	MD
advise	VB
students	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
timely	JJ
fashion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
type	NN
and	CC
purpose	NN
of	IN
any	DT
test	NN
that	WDT
students	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
required	VBN
to	TO
take	VB
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
and	CC
to	TO
whom	WP
the	DT
test	NN
results	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
disclosed	VBN
.	.
Justice	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
respect	NN
for	IN
the	DT
human	JJ
right	NN
of	IN
autonomy	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
being	VBG
able	JJ
to	TO
function	VB
independently	RB
of	IN
the	DT
control	NN
of	IN
others	NNS
,	,
serve	VBP
as	IN
the	DT
foundations	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
principle	NN
.	.
Some	DT
tests	NNS
,	,
notably	RB
those	DT
that	WDT
assess	VBP
personality	NN
or	CC
intelligence	NN
,	,
may	MD
heighten	VB
student	NN
anxiety	NN
.	.
That	IN
the	DT
selection	NN
process	NN
is	VBZ
fair	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
large	JJ
degree	NN
means	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
candidates	NNS
are	VBP
chosen	VBN
based	VBN
on	IN
their	PRP$
qualifications	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
position	NN
.	.
In	IN
that	DT
spirit	NN
,	,
tests	NNS
should	MD
accurately	RB
determine	VB
the	DT
presence	NN
of	IN
the	DT
qualities	NNS
in	IN
question	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
those	DT
qualities	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
ones	NNS
that	WDT
successful	JJ
employees	NNS
actually	RB
need	VBP
.	.
Otherwise	RB
,	,
selection	NN
decisions	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
unwise	JJ
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
if	IN
the	DT
test	NN
disproportionately	RB
screens	VBZ
out	RP
women	NNS
and	CC
minority	NN
group	NN
members	NNS
and	CC
if	IN
the	DT
qualities	NNS
it	PRP
is	VBZ
assessing	VBG
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
shown	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
needed	VBN
by	IN
successful	JJ
employees	NNS
,	,
a	DT
charge	NN
of	IN
job	NN
discrimination	NN
can	MD
be	VB
filed	VBN
and	CC
enforced	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
courts	NNS
.	.
The	DT
recruitment-related	JJ
policies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
are	VBP
created	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
for	IN
a	DT
fair	JJ
selection	NN
process	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
all	DT
students	NNS
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
participate	VB
.	.
Faculty	NN
and	CC
student	NN
organizations	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
members	NNS
of	IN
NACE	NNP
and	CC
thus	RB
not	RB
necessarily	RB
aware	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
ethical	JJ
and	CC
legal	JJ
foundations	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
professional	JJ
recruitment	NN
effort	NN
.	.
Since	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
may	MD
not	RB
necessarily	RB
know	VB
of	IN
all	DT
activities	NNS
a	DT
recruiting	NN
organization	NN
may	MD
be	VB
involved	VBN
in	IN
on	IN
campus	NN
,	,
the	DT
responsibility	NN
rests	VBZ
in	IN
large	JJ
part	NN
with	IN
the	DT
employment	NN
professional	JJ
to	TO
see	VB
that	IN
these	DT
ethical	JJ
standards	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
violated	VBN
.	.
The	DT
policies	NNS
and	CC
procedures	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
are	VBP
intended	VBN
to	TO
honor	VB
the	DT
three	CD
precepts	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
document	NN
,	,
i.e.	FW
,	,
maintaining	VBG
``	``
an	DT
open	JJ
and	CC
free	JJ
selection	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
''	''
While	IN
unforeseen	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
hiring	VBG
needs	NNS
create	VB
a	DT
legitimate	JJ
reason	NN
for	IN
canceling	VBG
or	CC
postponing	VBG
an	DT
interview	NN
date	NN
or	CC
withdrawing	VBG
an	DT
offer	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
,	,
the	DT
employing	VBG
organization	NN
's	POS
recruitment	NN
plan	NN
should	MD
reflect	VB
careful	JJ
and	CC
professional	JJ
planning	NN
.	.
Likewise	RB
,	,
when	WRB
offers	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
withdrawn	VBN
due	JJ
to	TO
unforeseen	JJ
circumstances	NNS
,	,
the	DT
employer	NN
should	MD
engage	VB
in	IN
a	DT
good	JJ
faith	NN
effort	NN
to	TO
minimize	VB
the	DT
harm	NN
done	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
student	NN
.	.
Employers	NNS
seeking	VBG
to	TO
fill	VB
positions	NNS
in	IN
their	PRP$
internationally-based	JJ
offices	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
dealing	VBG
with	IN
customs	NNS
and	CC
laws	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
not	RB
acceptable	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
.	.
This	DT
principle	NN
affirms	VBZ
that	IN
organizations	NNS
recruiting	VBG
to	TO
fill	VB
positions	NNS
through	IN
campus	NN
recruiting	NN
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
,	,
may	MD
not	RB
screen	VB
out	RP
students	NNS
who	WP
,	,
due	JJ
to	TO
their	PRP$
American	JJ
citizenship	NN
,	,
might	MD
not	RB
be	VB
fully	RB
considered	VBN
back	RB
in	IN
the	DT
home	NN
country	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
time	NN
,	,
so	RB
that	IN
American	JJ
students	NNS
are	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
fully	RB
rational	JJ
decision	NN
about	IN
interviewing	VBG
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
imperative	JJ
that	IN
they	PRP
understand	VBP
that	IN
they	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
seriously	RB
considered	VBN
or	CC
might	MD
run	VB
into	IN
roadblocks	NNS
that	WDT
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
placed	VBN
before	IN
them	PRP
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
an	DT
American	JJ
woman	NN
looking	VBG
for	IN
work	NN
with	IN
an	DT
American	JJ
company	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
Middle	NNP
East	NNP
offices	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
aware	JJ
of	IN
restrictions	NNS
placed	VBN
on	IN
women	NNS
in	IN
those	DT
countries	NNS
.	.
The	DT
student	NN
is	VBZ
then	RB
free	JJ
to	TO
decide	VB
whether	IN
or	CC
not	RB
to	TO
pursue	VB
these	DT
opportunities	NNS
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
an	DT
assumption	NN
by	IN
students	NNS
that	IN
the	DT
third-party	JJ
recruiters	NNS
recruiting	VBG
at	IN
their	PRP$
school	NN
are	VBP
using	VBG
a	DT
process	NN
that	WDT
makes	VBZ
for	IN
appropriate	JJ
hiring	NN
decisions	NNS
.	.
A	DT
competently	RB
administered	VBN
recruitment	NN
process	NN
contributes	VBZ
to	TO
valid	JJ
decisions	NNS
by	IN
candidates	NNS
about	IN
employment	NN
offers	NNS
.	.
From	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
perspective	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
also	RB
a	DT
partnership	NN
with	IN
employers	NNS
that	WDT
is	VBZ
intended	VBN
to	TO
benefit	VB
all	DT
parties	NNS
involved	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
process	NN
.	.
This	DT
demands	VBZ
that	IN
employers	NNS
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
function	VB
within	IN
accepted	VBN
professional	JJ
standards	NNS
and	CC
represent	VBP
their	PRP$
organizations	NNS
accurately	RB
to	TO
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
third-party	JJ
recruiters	NNS
are	VBP
relied	VBN
on	IN
by	IN
their	PRP$
clients	NNS
to	TO
attract	VB
and	CC
hire	VB
the	DT
best	JJS
candidates	NNS
possible	JJ
.	.
Not	RB
only	RB
does	VBZ
this	DT
require	VBP
basic	JJ
competence	NN
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
also	RB
the	DT
need	NN
to	TO
attract	VB
candidates	NNS
whose	WP$
reasons	NNS
for	IN
choosing	VBG
the	DT
organization	NN
match	NN
with	IN
the	DT
reality	NN
of	IN
that	DT
organization	NN
.	.
Otherwise	RB
,	,
turnover	NN
and	CC
the	DT
costs	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
these	DT
errors	NNS
will	MD
result	VB
.	.
Inherent	NNP
in	IN
this	DT
principle	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
notion	NN
that	IN
employment	NN
justice	NN
,	,
as	IN
currently	RB
defined	VBN
and	CC
implemented	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
American	JJ
court	NN
system	NN
,	,
adheres	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
notion	NN
that	IN
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
hiring	NN
must	MD
be	VB
done	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
nondiscriminatory	JJ
manner	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
EEO	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
American	JJ
society	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
moral	JJ
obligation	NN
to	TO
remedy	VB
the	DT
effects	NNS
of	IN
past	JJ
employment	NN
discrimination	NN
,	,
known	VBN
as	IN
compensatory	JJ
justice	NN
.	.
While	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
much	JJ
debate	NN
about	IN
the	DT
merits	NNS
of	IN
affirmative	JJ
action	NN
,	,
its	PRP$
moral	JJ
foundation	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
basic	JJ
tenet	NN
of	IN
this	DT
association	NN
.	.
The	DT
challenge	NN
to	TO
third-party	JJ
recruiters	NNS
recruiting	VBG
on	IN
college	NN
campuses	NNS
mirrors	VBZ
the	DT
dilemma	NN
that	IN
in	IN
some	DT
respect	NN
is	VBZ
experienced	VBN
by	IN
any	DT
individual	JJ
or	CC
organization	NN
that	WDT
believes	VBZ
in	IN
a	DT
just	RB
hiring	VBG
process	NN
.	.
Equal	NNP
employment	NN
opportunity	NN
is	VBZ
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
concept	NN
of	IN
distributive	JJ
justice	NN
.	.
Distributive	JJ
justice	NN
,	,
in	IN
part	NN
,	,
has	VBZ
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
the	DT
way	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
economic	JJ
decisions	NNS
are	VBP
made	VBN
,	,
which	WDT
includes	VBZ
hiring	NN
,	,
compensation	NN
,	,
and	CC
promotion	NN
.	.
Several	JJ
principles	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
equitable	JJ
way	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
to	TO
determine	VB
the	DT
fairness	NN
of	IN
distributing	VBG
benefits	NNS
,	,
most	RBS
notably	RB
merit	NN
.	.
Employees	NNS
hired	VBD
or	CC
promoted	VBD
based	VBN
on	IN
merit	NN
are	VBP
viewed	VBN
as	IN
having	VBG
done	VBN
the	DT
best	JJS
,	,
most	RBS
related	JJ
work	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
possessing	VBG
the	DT
most	JJS
necessary	JJ
qualities	NNS
to	TO
perform	VB
the	DT
tasks	NNS
required	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
position	NN
being	VBG
filled	VBN
.	.
Race	NN
,	,
gender	NN
,	,
age	NN
,	,
ethnicity	NN
,	,
religion	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
,	,
would	MD
not	RB
be	VB
seen	VBN
,	,
except	IN
in	IN
the	DT
rarest	NN
of	IN
circumstances	NNS
,	,
as	IN
having	VBG
anything	NN
to	TO
do	VB
with	IN
merit	NN
or	CC
having	VBG
a	DT
legitimate	JJ
place	NN
as	IN
a	DT
selection	NN
factor	NN
.	.
A	DT
third-party	JJ
recruiter	NN
is	VBZ
retained	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
client	NN
organization	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
seeking	VBG
to	TO
recruit	VB
college	NN
women	NNS
and	CC
members	NNS
of	IN
minority	NN
groups	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
management	NN
training	NN
program	NN
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
its	PRP$
diversity	NN
enhancement	NN
effort	NN
.	.
Principles	NNS
document	NN
,	,
namely	RB
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
maintain	VB
an	DT
open	JJ
and	CC
free	JJ
selection	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
opportunities	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
atmosphere	NN
conducive	JJ
to	TO
objective	JJ
thought	NN
and	CC
2	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
maintain	VB
a	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
fair	JJ
and	CC
equitable	JJ
to	TO
candidates	NNS
and	CC
employing	VBG
organizations	NNS
.	.
This	DT
writing	NN
of	IN
this	DT
principle	NN
is	VBZ
driven	VBN
primarily	RB
by	IN
the	DT
need	NN
to	TO
balance	VB
the	DT
right	NN
of	IN
students	NNS
to	TO
gain	VB
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
broadest	JJS
range	NN
of	IN
opportunities	NNS
possible	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
obligation	NN
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
employers	NNS
with	IN
special	JJ
methods	NNS
or	CC
needs	VBZ
respect	NN
appropriate	JJ
recruiting	NN
practice	NN
.	.
``	``
Third-party	JJ
recruiters	NNS
will	MD
not	RB
disclose	VB
to	TO
any	DT
employer	NN
,	,
including	VBG
the	DT
client-employer	NN
,	,
any	DT
student	NN
information	NN
without	IN
obtaining	VBG
prior	RB
written	VBN
consent	NN
from	IN
the	DT
student	NN
.	.
Under	IN
no	DT
circumstances	NNS
can	MD
student	NN
information	NN
be	VB
disclosed	VBN
for	IN
other	JJ
than	IN
recruiting	VBG
purposes	NNS
nor	CC
can	MD
it	PRP
be	VB
sold	VBN
or	CC
provided	VBN
to	TO
other	JJ
entities	NNS
.	.
''	''
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
must	MD
endeavor	VB
to	TO
prevent	VB
practices	NNS
that	WDT
violate	VBP
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
by	IN
educating	VBG
the	DT
campus	NN
community	NN
about	IN
the	DT
ethical	JJ
issues	NNS
of	IN
concern	NN
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
others	NNS
in	IN
Student	NNP
Life	NNP
,	,
Institutional	NNP
Advancement	NNP
,	,
and	CC
faculty	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
should	MD
work	VB
with	IN
the	DT
campus	NN
community	NN
to	TO
educate	VB
them	PRP
about	IN
the	DT
potential	NN
for	IN
ethical	JJ
abuses	NNS
that	WDT
commercialization	NN
poses	VBZ
and	CC
to	TO
develop	VB
practices	NNS
that	WDT
respect	VBP
student	NN
rights	NNS
while	IN
honoring	VBG
institutional	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
diligent	JJ
in	IN
enforcing	VBG
the	DT
NACE	NNP
Principles	NNPS
for	IN
Professional	NNP
Conduct	NNP
not	RB
only	RB
as	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
impact	VBP
their	PRP$
offices	NNS
,	,
but	CC
also	RB
as	IN
they	PRP
relate	VBP
to	TO
faculty	NN
and	CC
staff	NN
throughout	IN
their	PRP$
respective	JJ
institutions	NNS
.	.
Faculty	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
campus	NN
members	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
alumni	NNS
,	,
who	WP
attempt	VBP
to	TO
provide	VB
employers	NNS
with	IN
information	NN
to	TO
which	WDT
they	PRP
are	VBP
not	RB
entitled	VBN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
confidential	JJ
student	NN
information	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
access	NN
to	TO
only	RB
``	``
certain	JJ
''	''
candidates	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
thus	RB
are	VBP
not	RB
providing	VBG
all	DT
students	NNS
with	IN
equal	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
information	NN
about	IN
opportunities	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
are	VBP
breaching	VBG
the	DT
ethical	JJ
standards	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
profession	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
imperative	JJ
that	IN
these	DT
behaviors	NNS
be	VB
confronted	VBN
.	.
In	IN
seeking	VBG
and	CC
accepting	VBG
employer	NN
contributions	NNS
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
offices	NNS
and	CC
academic	JJ
departments	NNS
must	MD
make	VB
every	DT
effort	NN
not	RB
to	TO
compromise	VB
their	PRP$
duty	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
full	JJ
and	CC
equal	JJ
service	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
and	CC
employers	NNS
.	.
If	IN
employer	NN
funds	NNS
provide	VBP
greater	JJR
prominence	NN
to	TO
the	DT
names	NNS
and	CC
opportunities	NNS
of	IN
specific	JJ
organizations	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
industries	NNS
,	,
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
has	VBZ
an	DT
obligation	NN
to	TO
make	VB
every	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
students	NNS
not	RB
interested	JJ
in	IN
those	DT
specific	JJ
organizations	NNS
or	CC
industries	NNS
with	IN
contact	NN
and\/or	CC
other	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
alternate	JJ
employers	NNS
in	IN
keeping	VBG
with	IN
their	PRP$
needs	NNS
and	CC
interests	NNS
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
professionals	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
seek	VB
to	TO
charge	VB
fees	NNS
or	CC
seek	VB
funds	NNS
from	IN
employers	NNS
to	TO
such	PDT
an	DT
extent	NN
that	IN
the	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
student	NN
interests	NNS
and	CC
needs	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
met	VBN
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
fees	NNS
for	IN
services	NNS
that	WDT
prevent	VBP
smaller	JJR
organizations	NNS
from	IN
either	DT
participating	VBG
or	CC
being	VBG
reasonably	RB
visible	JJ
have	VBP
the	DT
effect	NN
of	IN
violating	VBG
all	DT
three	CD
core	NN
precepts	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
.	.
Employer	NN
professionals	NNS
must	MD
not	RB
seek	VB
treatment	NN
or	CC
student	NN
access	NN
in	IN
ways	NNS
that	WDT
violate	VBP
the	DT
Principles	NNPS
.	.
Attempting	VBG
to	TO
trade	VB
funding	NN
or	CC
equipment	NN
for	IN
special	JJ
access	NN
and\/or	CC
confidential	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
specific	JJ
potential	JJ
candidates	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
``	``
the	DT
best	JJS
and	CC
brightest	JJS
,	,
''	''
members	NNS
of	IN
certain	JJ
groups	NNS
,	,
e.g.	FW
,	,
minority	NN
computer	NN
science	NN
majors	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
inappropriate	JJ
.	.
Employers	NNS
who	WP
seek	VBP
these	DT
individuals	NNS
should	MD
work	VB
with	IN
the	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
marketing	NN
strategies	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
enhance	VB
the	DT
visibility	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
organization	NN
while	IN
maintaining	VBG
a	DT
recruitment	NN
process	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
fair	JJ
and	CC
equitable	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
employers	NNS
and	CC
students	NNS
.	.
The	DT
National	NNP
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
professional	JJ
association	NN
of	IN
corporate	JJ
human	JJ
resource	NN
professionals	NNS
engaged	VBN
in	IN
college	NN
relations	NNS
and	CC
recruitment	NN
and	CC
college	NN
student	NN
personnel	NNS
professionals	NNS
engaged	VBN
in	IN
career	NN
services	NNS
and	CC
career	NN
counseling	NN
.	.
Ethical	JJ
Considerations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Commercialization	NN
of	IN
Career	NNP
Services	NNPS
and	CC
College	NNP
Student	NNP
Recruitment	NNP
Functions	NNS
draws	VBZ
attention	NN
to	TO
a	DT
continuing	VBG
ethical	JJ
dilemma	NN
for	IN
employers	NNS
that	WDT
centers	VBZ
on	IN
corporate	JJ
sponsorship\/funding	NN
of	IN
career	NN
center	NN
operations	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
college	NN
campuses	NNS
where	WRB
we	PRP
recruit	VBP
.	.
Such	JJ
funding	NN
can	MD
be	VB
problematic	JJ
in	IN
that	IN
it	PRP
may	MD
imply	VB
a	DT
demand	NN
for	IN
preferential	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
the	DT
company	NN
or	CC
special	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
students	NNS
in	IN
return	NN
for	IN
funding	NN
or	CC
favors	VBZ
.	.
These	DT
actions	NNS
discourage	VBP
an	DT
open	JJ
job	NN
market	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
.	.
This	DT
paper	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
suggest	VB
that	IN
employers	NNS
desist	VBP
from	IN
giving	VBG
money	NN
to	TO
the	DT
colleges	NNS
that	WDT
provide	VBP
valued	VBN
new	JJ
employees	NNS
.	.
Rather	RB
,	,
it	PRP
urges	VBZ
employers	NNS
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
face	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
challenges	NNS
,	,
to	TO
do	VB
everything	NN
possible	JJ
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
students	NNS
continue	VBP
to	TO
receive	VB
the	DT
full	JJ
measure	NN
of	IN
service	NN
and	CC
attention	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
deserve	VBP
.	.
Such	JJ
funding	NN
can	MD
be	VB
problematic	JJ
in	IN
that	DT
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
potential	NN
for	IN
offering	VBG
preferential	JJ
treatment	NN
for	IN
some	DT
companies	NNS
,	,
denying	VBG
some	DT
employers	NNS
equal	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
our	PRP$
graduate	NN
population	NN
,	,
and	CC
discouraging	VBG
an	DT
open	JJ
job	NN
market	NN
for	IN
our	PRP$
students	NNS
.	.
This	DT
paper	NN
does	VBZ
not	RB
suggest	VB
that	IN
colleges	NNS
desist	VBP
from	IN
pursuing	VBG
their	PRP$
funding	NN
goals	NNS
.	.
Rather	RB
,	,
it	PRP
urges	VBZ
career	NN
centers	NNS
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
face	NN
of	IN
such	JJ
challenges	NNS
,	,
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
students	NNS
continue	VBP
to	TO
receive	VB
the	DT
full	JJ
measure	NN
of	IN
service	NN
and	CC
attention	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
deserve	VBP
and	CC
that	IN
employers	NNS
who	WP
recruit	VBP
our	PRP$
students	NNS
be	VB
given	VBN
equal	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
our	PRP$
graduates	NNS
.	.
Los	NNP
Angeles	NNP
and	CC
90	CD
miles	NNS
north	RB
of	IN
San	NNP
Diego	NNP
.	.
Its	PRP$
central	JJ
location	NN
makes	VBZ
it	PRP
an	DT
excellent	JJ
place	NN
to	TO
base	VB
a	DT
Southern	NNP
California	NNP
vacation	NN
.	.
The	DT
county	NN
itself	PRP
spans	NNS
more	JJR
than	IN
700	CD
square	JJ
miles	NNS
of	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
known	VBN
and	CC
exciting	JJ
sights	NNS
in	IN
California	NNP
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
:	:
Anaheim\/Orange	NNP
County	NNP
.	.
The	DT
NACE	NNP
National	NNP
Meeting	VBG
does	VBZ
not	RB
include	VB
formal	JJ
tours	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
area	NN
,	,
however	RB
;	:
we	PRP
encourage	VBP
you	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
family	NN
to	TO
take	VB
advantage	NN
of	IN
this	DT
idyllic	JJ
location	NN
with	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
following	VBG
optional	JJ
tour	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
Register	NNP
online	NN
to	TO
see	VB
the	DT
sights	NNS
while	IN
you	PRP
're	VBP
in	IN
California	NNP
.	.
Explore	VB
Southern	NNP
California	NNP
's	POS
most	RBS
popular	JJ
beach	NN
communities	NNS
.	.
Begin	VB
the	DT
day	NN
at	IN
one	CD
of	IN
California	NNP
's	POS
broadest	JJS
beaches	NNS
,	,
Huntington	NNP
State	NNP
Beach	NNP
.	.
Head	NNP
south	RB
to	TO
Newport	NNP
Beach	NNP
and	CC
enjoy	VB
the	DT
scenic	JJ
Pacific	NNP
coastline	NN
.	.
Corona	NNP
Del	NNP
Mar	NNP
offers	VBZ
quiet	JJ
sophistication	NN
and	CC
charm	NN
.	.
Finish	VB
the	DT
day	NN
in	IN
scenic	JJ
,	,
eclectic	JJ
Laguna	NNP
.	.
A	DT
fun	NN
filled	VBN
day	NN
!	.
Start	VB
with	IN
a	DT
visit	NN
to	TO
Roger	NNP
's	POS
Gardens	NNPS
,	,
a	DT
seven-acre	JJ
landscape	NN
display	NN
,	,
and	CC
end	VB
the	DT
tour	NN
in	IN
Newport	NNP
,	,
one	CD
of	IN
California	NNP
's	POS
busiest	JJS
harbors	NNS
.	.
Along	IN
the	DT
way	NN
,	,
you	PRP
'll	MD
stop	VB
at	IN
Balboa	NNP
Island	NNP
,	,
a	DT
charming	JJ
island	NN
community	NN
located	VBN
in	IN
Newport	NNP
Harbor	NNP
.	.
Take	VB
the	DT
ferry	NN
from	IN
Newport	NNP
Harbor	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Balboa	NNP
Peninsula	NNP
and	CC
enjoy	VB
a	DT
one-hour	JJ
cruise	NN
of	IN
Newport	NNP
Harbor	NNP
Historic	NNP
Hollywood	NNP
Tour	NNP
What	WP
is	VBZ
it	PRP
about	IN
Hollywood	NNP
that	WDT
has	VBZ
captured	VBN
the	DT
imaginations	NNS
of	IN
people	NNS
all	DT
over	IN
the	DT
world	NN
for	IN
nearly	RB
100	CD
years	NNS
?	.
Find	VB
out	RP
on	IN
the	DT
Historic	NNP
Hollywood	NNP
Tour	NNP
!	.
Who	WP
was	VBD
Sid	NNP
Grauman	NNP
?	.
Where	WRB
was	VBD
the	DT
first	JJ
Oscar	NNP
ceremony	NN
held	VBN
?	.
Where	WRB
did	VBD
Ronald	NNP
Reagan	NNP
begin	VB
his	PRP$
political	JJ
career	NN
?	.
The	DT
answers	NNS
to	TO
these	DT
and	CC
other	JJ
questions	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Historic	NNP
Hollywood	NNP
Tour	NNP
.	.
Women	NNS
For	IN
Hire	NNP
Exhibit	NN
Booth	NN
.	.
Women	NNS
For	IN
Hire	VBP
productes	NNS
high	JJ
caliber	NN
career	NN
expos	VBZ
that	IN
connect	VB
leading	JJ
employers	NNS
with	IN
graduating	VBG
seniors	NNS
and	CC
professional	JJ
women	NNS
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
participating	VBG
employer	NN
,	,
you	PRP
'll	MD
receive	VB
a	DT
booth	NN
space	NN
at	IN
any	DT
one	CD
of	IN
our	PRP$
20	CD
annual	JJ
events	NNS
.	.
Value	NN
:	:
$	$
2195	CD
.	.
Explore	VB
the	DT
results	NNS
of	IN
NACE	NNP
's	POS
2006	CD
Experiential	NNP
Education	NNP
Benchmark	NNP
Survey	NN
in	IN
depth	NN
.	.
Examine	VB
data	NNS
on	IN
conversion	NN
rates	NNS
,	,
salaries	NNS
,	,
retention	NN
rates	NNS
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
A	DT
panel	NN
discussion	NN
will	MD
follow	VB
in	IN
which	WDT
employers	NNS
will	MD
discuss	VB
their	PRP$
specific	JJ
internship	NN
and	CC
cooperative	JJ
education	NN
program	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Many	JJ
universities	NNS
are	VBP
consolidating	VBG
student	NN
services	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
academic	JJ
advising	VBG
and	CC
career	NN
services	NNS
.	.
Get	VB
an	DT
overview	NN
of	IN
the	DT
integration	NN
processes	VBZ
for	IN
combining	VBG
those	DT
two	CD
offices	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
branding	NN
and	CC
marketing	NN
strategies	NNS
,	,
staffing	NN
,	,
training	NN
,	,
program	NN
development	NN
.	.
Hear	VB
a	DT
panel	NN
discussion	NN
about	IN
bridging	VBG
the	DT
gap	NN
between	IN
student	NN
organizations	NNS
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
employers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
community	NN
.	.
Learn	VB
from	IN
some	DT
the	DT
best	JJS
practices	NNS
being	VBG
implemented	VBN
around	IN
the	DT
country	NN
to	TO
promote	VB
student	NN
involvement	NN
and	CC
discuss	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
deal	VB
with	IN
the	DT
challenges	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
employers	NNS
choose	VBP
specific	JJ
schools	NNS
or	CC
departments	NNS
as	IN
recruiting	VBG
partners	NNS
instead	RB
of	IN
working	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
career	NN
center	NN
.	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
form	VB
alliances	NNS
among	IN
departments	NNS
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
employers	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
overall	JJ
success	NN
.	.
Move	VB
beyond	IN
your	PRP$
basic	JJ
information	NN
session	NN
and	CC
develop	VB
presentations	NNS
that	WDT
engage	VBP
and	CC
excite	VBP
the	DT
students	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
target	NN
market	NN
.	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
generate	VB
presentation	NN
topics	NNS
,	,
link	NN
your	PRP$
presentations	NNS
to	TO
your	PRP$
recruiting	NN
strategy	NN
,	,
and	CC
develop	VB
and	CC
implement	VB
your	PRP$
plan	NN
.	.
Through	IN
this	DT
process	NN
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
improve	VB
your	PRP$
brand	NN
recognition	NN
on	IN
campus	NN
.	.
You	PRP
must	MD
know	VB
something	NN
about	IN
students	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
successfully	RB
market	VB
to	TO
them	PRP
.	.
This	DT
interactive	JJ
session	NN
will	MD
show	VB
you	PRP
how	WRB
to	TO
capture	VB
important	JJ
contact	NN
information	NN
for	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
prospects	NNS
,	,
and	CC
identify	VB
their	PRP$
behavior	NN
and	CC
demographic	JJ
characteristics	NNS
.	.
Then	RB
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
trigger	VB
print	NN
,	,
digital	JJ
,	,
and	CC
electronic	JJ
marketing	NN
campaigns	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
that	DT
information	NN
.	.
Old	NNP
Dominion	NNP
's	POS
Cyber	NNP
Career	NNP
Center	NNP
incorporates	VBZ
multiple	JJ
career	NN
,	,
web	NN
,	,
and	CC
communication	NN
technologies	NNS
into	IN
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
delivery	NN
capability	NN
that	WDT
stresses	VBZ
high	JJ
touch	NN
communication	NN
from	IN
a	DT
staff	NN
of	IN
``	``
cyber	NN
career	NN
coaches	NNS
,	,
''	''
while	IN
electronically	RB
reaching	VBG
out	RP
to	TO
students	NNS
and	CC
alumni	NNS
no	DT
matter	NN
where	WRB
they	PRP
are	VBP
.	.
Learn	VB
why	WRB
,	,
how	WRB
,	,
and	CC
who	WP
put	VBP
high	JJ
tech	NN
and	CC
high	JJ
touch	NN
together	RB
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
trying	VBG
to	TO
build	VB
a	DT
new	JJ
university	NN
relations	NNS
program	NN
from	IN
the	DT
ground	NN
up	RB
,	,
trying	VBG
to	TO
re-launch	VB
an	DT
existing	VBG
program	NN
,	,
or	CC
want	VB
to	TO
enhance	VB
your	PRP$
current	JJ
program	NN
,	,
this	DT
workshop	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
you	PRP
the	DT
tools	NNS
,	,
ideas	NNS
,	,
and	CC
direction	NN
to	TO
develop	VB
an	DT
effective	JJ
all-around	JJ
college	NN
or	CC
university	NN
relations	NNS
program	NN
.	.
Discover	NNP
how	WRB
to	TO
create	VB
and	CC
develop	VB
a	DT
detailed	JJ
university	NN
recruiting	NN
strategy	NN
;	:
identify	VB
key	JJ
implications	NNS
and	CC
initiatives	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
;	:
prioritize	VB
action	NN
items	NNS
;	:
and	CC
identify	VB
issues	NNS
and	CC
concerns	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
potentially	RB
limit	VB
the	DT
success	NN
of	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
corporate	JJ
recruiting	NN
web	NN
site	NN
has	VBZ
evolved	VBN
from	IN
an	DT
information	NN
source	NN
to	TO
a	DT
critical	JJ
influencer	NN
in	IN
candidate	NN
's	POS
employment	NN
choices	NNS
.	.
Learn	VB
what	WP
candidates	NNS
want	VBP
to	TO
find	VB
on	IN
a	DT
web	NN
site	NN
,	,
what	WP
causes	VBZ
them	PRP
to	TO
get	VB
frustrated	JJ
and	CC
leave	VB
,	,
and	CC
exactly	RB
which	WDT
sites	NNS
they	PRP
feel	VBP
are	VBP
the	DT
best	JJS
and	CC
why	WRB
.	.
The	DT
session	NN
will	MD
present	VB
research	NN
findings	NNS
from	IN
actual	JJ
candidates	NNS
and	CC
demonstrate	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
make	VB
your	PRP$
site	NN
more	RBR
effective	JJ
.	.
Summary	NN
:	:
The	DT
Partnership	NNP
will	MD
share	VB
initial	JJ
findings	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
national	JJ
pilot	NN
project	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
examining	VBG
cost-effective	JJ
and	CC
sustainable	JJ
ways	NNS
for	IN
schools	NNS
and	CC
federal	JJ
agencies	NNS
to	TO
promote	VB
government	NN
opportunities	NNS
on	IN
campuses	NNS
.	.
Key	NNP
highlights	VBZ
of	IN
employer	NN
branding	VBG
best	JJS
practices	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
discussed	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
perspective	NN
of	IN
top	JJ
employers	NNS
,	,
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
students	NNS
to	TO
pinpoint	VB
best	JJS
methods	NNS
to	TO
attract	VB
,	,
recruit	VB
,	,
and	CC
retain	VB
top	JJ
talent	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
staff	NN
developed	VBD
a	DT
hybrid	JJ
model	NN
of	IN
the	DT
corporate	JJ
self-managed	JJ
teams	NNS
concept	NN
to	TO
engage	VB
staff	NN
in	IN
dynamic	JJ
program	NN
improvement	NN
.	.
Discover	NNP
how	WRB
a	DT
year-long	JJ
process	NN
of	IN
transformation	NN
from	IN
a	DT
traditional	JJ
career	NN
office	NN
to	TO
self-managed	JJ
teams	NNS
resulted	VBD
in	IN
working	VBG
groups	NNS
empowered	VBN
to	TO
make	VB
and	CC
implement	VB
decisions	NNS
regarding	VBG
key	JJ
programs	NNS
.	.
As	IN
the	DT
economy	NN
grows	VBZ
stronger	JJR
,	,
finding	VBG
and	CC
attaining	VBG
top	JJ
talent	NN
is	VBZ
becoming	VBG
more	RBR
difficult	JJ
.	.
Discover	NNP
a	DT
five-phase	JJ
hiring	NN
process	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
make	VB
your	PRP$
hiring	VBG
process	NN
easier	JJR
and	CC
retention	NN
rate	NN
higher	JJR
than	IN
it	PRP
ever	RB
has	VBZ
been	VBN
.	.
Review	NNP
a	DT
strong	JJ
model	NN
of	IN
constituency	NN
collaboration	NN
augmented	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
effective	JJ
presentation	NN
,	,
use	NN
,	,
and	CC
integration	NN
of	IN
data	NNS
,	,
survey	NN
,	,
results	NNS
,	,
statistics	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
resources	NNS
and	CC
information	NN
.	.
This	DT
model	NN
,	,
when	WRB
used	VBN
proactively	RB
and	CC
properly	RB
,	,
can	MD
power	NN
a	DT
career	NN
services	NNS
office	NN
that	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
seen	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
engine	NN
driving	VBG
student	NN
affairs	NNS
and	CC
more	JJR
.	.
Career	NNP
services	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
strategic	JJ
partner	NN
in	IN
institutional	JJ
marketing	NN
,	,
the	DT
allocation	NN
of	IN
resources	NNS
,	,
and	CC
academic\/curriculum	NN
decision	NN
making	VBG
.	.
This	DT
presentation	NN
will	MD
highlight	VB
how	WRB
you	PRP
can	MD
make	VB
this	DT
happen	VB
on	IN
your	PRP$
campus	NN
.	.
Will	MD
a	DT
combination	NN
of	IN
aging	VBG
population	NN
demographics	NNS
,	,
a	DT
growing	VBG
economy	NN
,	,
and	CC
fewer	JJR
qualified	VBN
workers	NNS
to	TO
fill	VB
the	DT
void	NN
cripple	VB
our	PRP$
economy	NN
and	CC
make	VB
labor	NN
a	DT
scarce	JJ
commodity	NN
?	.
Or	CC
will	MD
increases	NNS
in	IN
offshoring	NN
,	,
immigration	NN
,	,
and	CC
delayed	VBD
retirements	NNS
mitigate	VB
a	DT
potential	JJ
crisis	NN
?	.
Explore	VB
what	WP
a	DT
potential	JJ
crisis	NN
may	MD
mean	VB
to	TO
recruiters	NNS
and	CC
employees	NNS
alike	RB
.	.
The	DT
war	NN
for	IN
talent	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
ongoing	JJ
battle	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
companies	NNS
spend	VBP
countless	JJ
hours	NNS
and	CC
thousands	NNS
of	IN
dollars	NNS
to	TO
woo	VB
a	DT
recruiter	NN
,	,
then	RB
have	VBP
their	PRP$
employment	NN
offer	NN
rejected	VBD
.	.
What	WP
happened	VBD
?	.
You	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
doing	VBG
the	DT
right	JJ
things	NNS
,	,
but	CC
sometimes	RB
yesterday	NN
's	POS
tactics	NNS
do	VBP
not	RB
work	VB
with	IN
today	NN
's	POS
candidate	NN
.	.
Examine	VB
some	DT
best	JJS
practices	NNS
that	WDT
can	MD
help	VB
you	PRP
increase	VB
your	PRP$
offer-to-acceptance	JJ
rate	NN
.	.
Explore	VB
the	DT
issues	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
employment	NN
of	IN
foreign	JJ
graduates	NNS
.	.
For	IN
employers	NNS
,	,
the	DT
program	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
information	NN
about	IN
visas	NNS
available	JJ
for	IN
hiring	VBG
foreign	JJ
grads	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
costs	NNS
,	,
timing	NN
,	,
and	CC
employer	NN
obligations	NNS
.	.
Discuss	VB
the	DT
recently	RB
released	VBN
Vault\/INROADS	NNP
Guide	NNP
to	TO
Diversity	NNP
Entry-Level	NNP
and	CC
Internship	NNP
,	,
Co-op	NN
and	CC
Entry-Level	NNP
and	CC
analyze	VB
statistical	JJ
trends	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
industry	NN
along	IN
with	IN
highlights	VBZ
of	IN
top	JJ
diversity	NN
practices	NNS
.	.
Identify	VB
the	DT
resources	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
assist	VB
your	PRP$
company	NN
in	IN
creating	VBG
and\/or	CC
developing	VBG
your	PRP$
diversity	NN
program	NN
.	.
Raytheon	NNP
uses	VBZ
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
internal	JJ
and	CC
external	JJ
data	NNS
to	TO
quantitatively	RB
evaluate	VB
their	PRP$
school	NN
selection	NN
.	.
Hear	VB
how	WRB
using	VBG
data	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
Engineering	NNP
Workforce	NNP
Commission	NNP
,	,
corporate	JJ
contributions	NNS
,	,
research	NN
studies	NNS
,	,
and	CC
previous	JJ
hiring	VBG
history	NN
contributes	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
decision	NN
making	NN
and	CC
gains	NNS
buy-in	VBP
from	IN
all	DT
parties	NNS
involved	VBN
.	.
When	WRB
recruiting	VBG
at	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
100	CD
schools	NNS
nationwide	JJ
,	,
how	WRB
does	VBZ
one	CD
manage	VBP
the	DT
whos	NNS
,	,
whats	NNS
,	,
wheres	VBZ
,	,
and	CC
whens	NNS
of	IN
recruiting	NN
?	.
Raytheon	NNP
shows	VBZ
you	PRP
how	WRB
they	PRP
mastered	VBD
the	DT
art	NN
of	IN
on-campus	JJ
recruiting	NN
by	IN
streamlining	VBG
the	DT
process	NN
through	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
technology	NN
.	.
See	VB
a	DT
demonstration	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
in-house	JJ
data	NNS
base	NN
and	CC
learn	VB
the	DT
process	NN
used	VBN
in	IN
its	PRP$
development	NN
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
get	VB
a	DT
personal	JJ
company	NN
assessment	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
your	PRP$
own	JJ
needs	NNS
.	.
Regardless	RB
of	IN
how	WRB
much	JJ
experience	NN
you	PRP
have	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
field	NN
of	IN
college	NN
recruiting	NN
or	CC
career	NN
services	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
not	RB
what	WP
you	PRP
know	VBP
,	,
it	PRP
's	VBZ
how	WRB
you	PRP
make	VBP
people	NNS
feel	VBP
.	.
As	IN
we	PRP
approach	VBP
yet	RB
another	DT
worker	NN
shortage	NN
,	,
the	DT
role	NN
of	IN
college	NN
professional	NN
will	MD
be	VB
more	RBR
critical	JJ
than	IN
ever	RB
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
time	NN
to	TO
adopt	VB
new	JJ
skills	NNS
and	CC
techniques	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
boost	VB
your	PRP$
confidence	NN
,	,
improve	VB
your	PRP$
personal	JJ
style	NN
,	,
and	CC
help	VB
you	PRP
gain	VB
your	PRP$
professional\/personal	JJ
goals	NNS
.	.
Liberal	JJ
arts	NNS
students	NNS
have	VBP
a	DT
steep	JJ
learning	NN
curve	NN
when	WRB
they	PRP
enter	VBP
business	NN
careers	NNS
.	.
Explore	VB
innovative	JJ
programming	NN
ideas	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
a	DT
noncredit	JJ
course	NN
,	,
investment	NN
club	NN
,	,
etiquette	NN
dinner	NN
and	CC
employer	NN
site	NN
visits	NNS
,	,
that	WDT
together	RB
allow	VBP
students	NNS
to	TO
receive	VB
the	DT
``	``
business	NN
fundamentals	NNS
''	''
needed	VBN
to	TO
begin	VB
their	PRP$
careers	NNS
with	IN
confidence	NN
and	CC
knowledge	NN
.	.
Daphne	NNP
Nadal	NNP
,	,
Michelle	NNP
A.	NNP
Foley	NNP
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
student	NN
leader	NN
panel	NN
,	,
University	NNP
of	IN
California	NNP
-	:
Irvine	NNP
Find	VB
out	RP
how	WRB
you	PRP
can	MD
collaborate	VB
effectively	RB
with	IN
student	NN
clubs	NNS
and	CC
organizations	NNS
through	IN
a	DT
lively	JJ
discussion	NN
with	IN
a	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
California-Irvine	NNP
student	NN
leader	NN
panel	NN
.	.
Then	RB
share	NN
best	JJS
practices	NNS
with	IN
your	PRP$
colleagues	NNS
and	CC
walk	VBP
into	IN
the	DT
2006-2007	CD
academic	JJ
year	NN
prepared	VBN
to	TO
reap	VB
the	DT
rewards	NNS
of	IN
enhanced	JJ
student	NN
partnerships	NNS
.	.
Duke	NNP
University	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
schools	NNS
now	RB
provide	VBP
free	JJ
iPods	NNS
to	TO
their	PRP$
students	NNS
to	TO
improve	VB
learning	NN
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
interactive	JJ
,	,
nuts-and-bolts	JJ
session	NN
,	,
you	PRP
'll	MD
learn	VB
how	WRB
podcasting	NN
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
cutting-edge	JJ
tool	NN
for	IN
recruiting	NN
and	CC
career	NN
counseling	NN
.	.
Online	NNP
recruiting	NN
expert	NN
Steven	NNP
Rothberg	NNP
will	MD
demystify	VB
podcasting	NN
and	CC
illustrate	VB
how	WRB
it	PRP
catches	VBZ
the	DT
attention	NN
of	IN
today	NN
's	POS
mobile	JJ
graduates	NNS
.	.
Learn	VB
best	JJS
practices	NNS
of	IN
employment	NN
screening	VBG
for	IN
risk	NN
management	NN
and	CC
better	JJR
hiring	NN
decisions	NNS
.	.
Find	VB
out	RP
if	IN
your	PRP$
organization	NN
is	VBZ
fully	RB
compliant	JJ
legally	RB
while	IN
accessing	VBG
all	PDT
the	DT
information	NN
pertinent	JJ
to	TO
making	VBG
an	DT
informed	VBN
hiring	VBG
decision	NN
.	.
Others	NNS
may	MD
prefer	VB
to	TO
maintain	VB
separation	NN
between	IN
their	PRP$
personal	JJ
and	CC
professional	JJ
lives	NNS
.	.
This	DT
workshop	NN
provides	VBZ
practical	JJ
steps	NNS
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
the	DT
gay	JJ
or	CC
lesbian	JJ
individual	NN
through	IN
career	NN
search	NN
techniques	NNS
,	,
interview	NN
preparation	NN
,	,
and	CC
resume	VB
building	VBG
-LRB-	-LRB-
coming	VBG
out	RP
on	IN
the	DT
resume	VB
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Explore	VB
the	DT
basics	NNS
of	IN
great	JJ
recruiting	NN
and	CC
staffing	NN
excellence	NN
:	:
develop	VB
an	DT
understanding	NN
that	WDT
recruiting	NN
and	CC
human	JJ
resources	NNS
is	VBZ
about	IN
building	NN
and	CC
cultivating	VBG
relationships	NNS
.	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
take	VB
advantage	NN
of	IN
opportunities	NNS
and	CC
challenges	NNS
we	PRP
face	VBP
.	.
However	RB
,	,
faculty	NN
can	MD
be	VB
misinformed	VBN
,	,
dismissive	JJ
,	,
or	CC
apathetic	JJ
.	.
Identify	VB
effective	JJ
,	,
comprehensive	JJ
strategies	NNS
to	TO
work	VB
with	IN
faculty	NN
,	,
including	VBG
a	DT
range	NN
of	IN
communication	NN
,	,
resource	NN
,	,
and	CC
programmatic	JJ
solutions	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
faculty	NN
reward	NN
structure	NN
.	.
Senior	JJ
managers	NNS
are	VBP
called	VBN
upon	IN
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
change	NN
management	NN
processes	VBZ
in	IN
their	PRP$
organizations	NNS
.	.
This	DT
session	NN
provides	VBZ
leaders	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
framework	NN
for	IN
engaging	VBG
in	IN
a	DT
strategic	JJ
planning	NN
process	NN
.	.
This	DT
model	NN
provides	VBZ
a	DT
foundation	NN
upon	IN
which	WDT
an	DT
organization	NN
may	MD
advance	VB
its	PRP$
direction	NN
from	IN
an	DT
informed	VBN
perspective	NN
,	,
and	CC
intentionally	RB
shape	VB
the	DT
vision	NN
for	IN
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
Do	VBP
you	PRP
know	VB
what	WP
Friendster	NNP
and	CC
Facebook	NNP
are	VBP
?	.
Are	VBP
you	PRP
familiar	JJ
with	IN
these	DT
communication	NN
communities\/technologies	NNS
?	.
Yet	RB
...	:
the	DT
students	NNS
you	PRP
want	VBP
to	TO
hire	VB
use	NN
these	DT
online	JJ
forums	NNS
every	DT
day	NN
.	.
Employers	NNS
will	MD
find	VB
out	RP
how	WRB
they	PRP
can	MD
use	VB
these	DT
new	JJ
technologies	NNS
for	IN
maximum	JJ
recruiting	NN
impact	NN
.	.
Career	NNP
center	NN
colleagues	NNS
will	MD
learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
coach	NN
students	NNS
on	IN
avoiding	VBG
common	JJ
mistakes	NNS
in	IN
new	JJ
media	NNS
communication	NN
.	.
For	IN
job	NN
seekers	NNS
and	CC
employers	NNS
,	,
two	CD
advantages	NNS
of	IN
job	NN
fairs	NNS
are	VBP
convenience	NN
and	CC
personal	JJ
contact	NN
.	.
Commercial	JJ
virtual	JJ
job	NN
fair	JJ
and	CC
``	``
in-house	JJ
''	''
products	NNS
may	MD
fit	VB
the	DT
bill	NN
for	IN
convenience	NN
,	,
but	CC
do	VBP
they	PRP
offer	VBP
personal	JJ
contact	NN
?	.
For	IN
Palm	NNP
Beach	NNP
Community	NNP
College	NNP
,	,
the	DT
answer	NN
was	VBD
yes	RB
.	.
Join	VB
this	DT
game	NN
show	NN
complete	JJ
with	IN
hosts	NNS
,	,
staging	NN
,	,
challenging	VBG
recruiting	NN
and	CC
resource	NN
questions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
real	JJ
prizes	NNS
.	.
Learn	VB
how	WRB
to	TO
use	VB
this	DT
game	NN
show	NN
to	TO
present	VB
sound	JJ
recruiting	NN
principles	NNS
while	IN
having	VBG
fun	NN
.	.
Use	NN
this	DT
form	NN
as	IN
a	DT
guide	NN
to	TO
draft	VB
your	PRP$
electronic	JJ
proposal	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
exactly	RB
like	IN
the	DT
form	NN
you	PRP
must	MD
submit	VB
electronically	RB
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
print	VB
this	DT
form	NN
to	TO
edit	VB
your	PRP$
proposal	NN
,	,
then	RB
return	VB
to	TO
the	DT
electronic	JJ
form	NN
to	TO
submit	VB
your	PRP$
proposal	NN
.	.
In	IN
50	CD
words	NNS
or	CC
less	JJR
,	,
describe	VBP
the	DT
benefits	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
gained	VBN
by	IN
participants	NNS
in	IN
your	PRP$
session	NN
.	.
Please	VB
indicate	VB
at	IN
least	JJS
two	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
skills	NNS
,	,
ideas	NNS
,	,
procedures	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
that	WDT
attendees	NNS
will	MD
take	VB
away	RB
from	IN
this	DT
presentation	NN
.	.
I	PRP
understand	VBP
that	IN
my	PRP$
conference	NN
presentation	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
a	DT
showcase	NN
for	IN
promotion	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
business	NN
,	,
practice	NN
or	CC
product	NN
,	,
and	CC
I	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
sell	VB
my	PRP$
products	NNS
or	CC
services	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
NACE	NNP
speaker	NN
platform	NN
.	.
I	PRP
also	RB
understand	VBP
that	IN
press	NN
may	MD
be	VB
present	JJ
during	IN
my	PRP$
session	NN
and	CC
that	IN
I	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
notified	VBN
about	IN
the	DT
status	NN
of	IN
my	PRP$
proposal	NN
no	RB
later	RB
than	IN
November	NNP
15	CD
,	,
2006	CD
.	.
Brandon	NNP
Kilburn	NNP
is	VBZ
pursuing	VBG
a	DT
Ph.D.	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
Fogelman	NNP
College	NNP
of	IN
Business	NNP
and	CC
Economics	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Memphis	NNP
.	.
His	PRP$
major	JJ
area	NN
of	IN
concentration	NN
is	VBZ
management	NN
.	.
He	PRP
received	VBD
an	DT
M.B.A.	NNP
from	IN
the	DT
University	NNP
of	IN
Tennessee	NNP
at	IN
Martin	NNP
.	.
His	PRP$
primary	JJ
research	NN
interests	NNS
include	VBP
leadership	NN
,	,
employee	NN
motivation	NN
,	,
issues	NNS
facing	VBG
diverse	JJ
employees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
exchange	NN
of	IN
information	NN
within	IN
organizations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
internal	JJ
application	NN
of	IN
marketing	NN
principles	NNS
to	TO
relationships	NNS
with	IN
employees	NNS
,	,
particularly	RB
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
market	NN
segmentation	NN
,	,
will	MD
allow	VB
organizations	NNS
to	TO
identify	VB
specific	JJ
values	NNS
and	CC
retention	NN
criteria	NNS
for	IN
target	NN
populations	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
.	.
This	DT
,	,
in	IN
turn	NN
,	,
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
a	DT
cohesive	JJ
sustainable	JJ
strategy	NN
for	IN
retaining	VBG
diverse	JJ
employees	NNS
.	.
IMO	NNP
works	VBZ
largely	RB
through	IN
developing	VBG
and	CC
enriching	VBG
relationships	NNS
between	IN
employees	NNS
and	CC
organizations	NNS
.	.
These	DT
stronger	JJR
relationships	NNS
should	MD
result	VB
in	IN
more	JJR
positive	JJ
attitudes	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
job	NN
satisfaction	NN
and	CC
organizational	JJ
commitment	NN
,	,
increased	VBD
identification	NN
with	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
,	,
and	CC
lower	JJR
turnover	NN
.	.
A	DT
conceptual	JJ
model	NN
illustrating	VBG
the	DT
components	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
IMO	NNP
plan	NN
focusing	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
retention	NN
of	IN
diverse	JJ
employees	NNS
is	VBZ
presented	VBN
in	IN
Figure	NN
1	CD
.	.
Steps	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
IMO	NNP
are	VBP
outlined	VBN
in	IN
Table	NNP
1	CD
.	.
The	DT
activities	NNS
necessary	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
realization	NN
of	IN
employee	NN
potential	NN
through	IN
IMO	NNP
begin	VBP
with	IN
the	DT
generation	NN
of	IN
employee	NN
information	NN
.	.
Information	NNP
generation	NN
methods	NNS
typically	RB
include	VBP
focus	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
surveys	NNS
,	,
and	CC
interviews	NNS
.	.
HR	NN
managers	NNS
have	VBP
used	VBN
these	DT
methods	NNS
of	IN
collecting	VBG
data	NNS
for	IN
decades	NNS
.	.
However	RB
,	,
such	JJ
data	NNS
have	VBP
rarely	RB
been	VBN
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
comprehensive	JJ
marketing-driven	NN
uses	VBZ
described	VBN
here	RB
.	.
A	DT
marketing	NN
approach	NN
to	TO
information	NN
generation	NN
allows	VBZ
organizations	NNS
to	TO
gather	VB
information	NN
specifically	RB
regarding	VBG
how	WRB
different	JJ
groups	NNS
of	IN
employees	NNS
feel	VBP
about	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
and	CC
the	DT
things	NNS
they	PRP
consider	VBP
most	RBS
important	JJ
,	,
and	CC
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
tailoring	VBG
strategic	JJ
responses	NNS
to	TO
these	DT
groups	NNS
.	.
The	DT
organization	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
able	JJ
to	TO
steer	VB
its	PRP$
corporate	JJ
branding	NN
effort	NN
through	IN
IMO	NNP
,	,
gauge	VB
how	WRB
employees	NNS
feel	VBP
about	IN
the	DT
corporate	JJ
brand	NN
,	,
and	CC
assess	VB
employee	NN
knowledge	NN
of	IN
and	CC
alignment	NN
with	IN
the	DT
corporate	JJ
brand	NN
.	.
Information	NNP
generation	NN
activities	NNS
may	MD
include	VB
collecting	VBG
employee	NN
value	NN
attributes	NNS
,	,
identifying	VBG
exchanges	NNS
of	IN
value	NN
among	IN
employees	NNS
,	,
segmenting	VBG
the	DT
internal	JJ
market	NN
according	VBG
to	TO
their	PRP$
specific	JJ
value	NN
attributes	NNS
,	,
evaluating	VBG
external	JJ
market	NN
conditions	NNS
facing	VBG
employees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
,	,
finally	RB
,	,
developing	VBG
retention	NN
strategies	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
employee	NN
segments	NNS
.	.
After	IN
information	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
collected	VBN
from	IN
internal	JJ
customers	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
imperative	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
information	NN
be	VB
communicated	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
.	.
Open	NNP
communication	NN
among	IN
managers	NNS
and	CC
between	IN
managers	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
subordinates	NNS
facilitates	VBZ
the	DT
effective	JJ
use	NN
of	IN
valuable	JJ
employee-provided	JJ
information	NN
.	.
As	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
responds	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
information	NN
,	,
it	PRP
will	MD
provide	VB
employees	NNS
with	IN
tangible	JJ
evidence	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
efforts	NNS
to	TO
understand	VB
the	DT
information	NN
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
employees	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
job	NN
redesign	NN
,	,
improved	VBD
communication	NN
channels	NNS
,	,
alignment	NN
of	IN
reward	NN
systems	NNS
,	,
training	NN
and	CC
development	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
management	NN
consideration	NN
,	,
and	CC
responses	NNS
to	TO
external	JJ
market	NN
alternatives	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Research	NNP
has	VBZ
not	RB
provided	VBN
a	DT
valid	JJ
and	CC
reliable	JJ
measure	NN
of	IN
internal	JJ
market	NN
orientation	NN
.14	CD
,	,
15	CD
Given	VBN
the	DT
IMO	NNP
focus	NN
on	IN
relationship	NN
building	NN
with	IN
employees	NNS
,	,
the	DT
authors	NNS
developed	VBD
a	DT
measure	NN
of	IN
employee	NN
perceptions	NNS
of	IN
IMO	NNP
activities	NNS
.	.
Following	VBG
the	DT
conceptual	JJ
identification	NN
of	IN
the	DT
likely	JJ
important	JJ
dimensions	NNS
of	IN
IMO	NNP
,	,
new	JJ
items	NNS
to	TO
tap	VB
these	DT
dimensions	NNS
were	VBD
generated	VBN
and	CC
some	DT
items	NNS
from	IN
a	DT
widely	RB
used	JJ
market	NN
orientation	NN
scale	NN
were	VBD
adapted	VBN
.16	CD
These	DT
items	NNS
focused	VBD
on	IN
information	NN
generation	NN
,	,
information	NN
dissemination	NN
,	,
responsiveness	NN
,	,
and	CC
branding	NN
.	.
The	DT
responsiveness	NN
items	NNS
loaded	VBN
on	IN
two	CD
factors	NNS
,	,
one	CD
that	WDT
seemed	VBD
to	TO
represent	VB
responsiveness	NN
,	,
and	CC
one	CD
that	WDT
seemed	VBD
to	TO
address	VB
segmentation	NN
.	.
This	DT
resulted	VBD
in	IN
four	CD
dimensions	NNS
,	,
each	DT
exhibiting	VBG
good	JJ
reliability	NN
:	:
information	NN
exchange	NN
,	,
responsiveness	NN
,	,
segmentation	NN
,	,
and	CC
branding	NN
.	.
A	DT
second	JJ
pilot	NN
study	NN
was	VBD
conducted	VBN
with	IN
66	CD
employed	VBN
adults	NNS
who	WP
were	VBD
also	RB
graduate	JJ
and	CC
undergraduate	JJ
students	NNS
.	.
Results	NNS
of	IN
both	DT
exploratory	JJ
and	CC
confirmatory	JJ
factor	NN
analysis	NN
suggested	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
14-item	JJ
scale	NN
representing	VBG
the	DT
four	CD
dimensions	NNS
noted	VBD
above	IN
has	VBZ
a	DT
reasonably	RB
stable	JJ
factor	NN
structure	NN
with	IN
acceptable	JJ
reliability	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
regards	VBZ
the	DT
internal	JJ
consistency	NN
of	IN
items	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
multi-item	JJ
measurement	NN
scale	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
authors	NNS
also	RB
began	VBD
the	DT
process	NN
of	IN
assessing	VBG
the	DT
convergent	JJ
and	CC
discriminant	JJ
validity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
IMO	NNP
measure	NN
.17	CD
Patterns	NNS
of	IN
correlations	NNS
within	IN
dimensions	NNS
,	,
with	IN
measures	NNS
of	IN
job	NN
satisfaction	NN
and	CC
turnover	NN
intentions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
with	IN
a	DT
measure	NN
of	IN
self-monitoring	NN
provide	VBP
some	DT
preliminary	JJ
evidence	NN
of	IN
both	DT
convergent	JJ
and	CC
discriminant	JJ
validity	NN
.	.
Of	IN
particular	JJ
interest	NN
,	,
each	DT
dimension	NN
of	IN
IMO	NNP
was	VBD
significantly	RB
positively	RB
correlated	VBN
with	IN
job	NN
satisfaction	NN
,	,
and	CC
significantly	RB
negatively	RB
correlated	VBN
with	IN
turnover	NN
intentions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
final	JJ
14-item	JJ
internal	JJ
market	NN
orientation	NN
scale	NN
is	VBZ
presented	VBN
in	IN
Table	NNP
2	CD
.	.
This	DT
scale	NN
captures	VBZ
four	CD
related	JJ
but	CC
distinct	JJ
dimensions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
internal	JJ
market	NN
orientation	NN
construct	VBP
.	.
Preliminary	JJ
data	NNS
in	IN
two	CD
pilot	NN
tests	NNS
suggests	VBZ
these	DT
measures	NNS
have	VBP
acceptable	JJ
reliability	NN
,	,
a	DT
relatively	RB
simple	JJ
factor	NN
structure	NN
,	,
are	VBP
positively	RB
correlated	VBN
with	IN
job	NN
satisfaction	NN
,	,
and	CC
are	VBP
negatively	RB
correlated	VBN
with	IN
turnover	NN
intentions	NNS
.	.
Despite	IN
these	DT
promising	JJ
early	JJ
results	NNS
,	,
this	DT
measure	NN
requires	VBZ
further	JJ
confirmatory	JJ
testing	NN
before	IN
use	NN
.	.
A	DT
well-developed	JJ
IMO	NNP
scale	NN
will	MD
be	VB
useful	JJ
in	IN
helping	VBG
organizations	NNS
assess	VBP
their	PRP$
present	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
IMO	NNP
activities	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
focus	VB
their	PRP$
development	NN
of	IN
an	DT
IMO	NNP
plan	NN
.	.
Many	JJ
organizations	NNS
desire	VBP
to	TO
develop	VB
retention	NN
strategies	NNS
and	CC
practices	NNS
that	WDT
focus	VBP
on	IN
specific	JJ
,	,
high	JJ
value	NN
,	,
high	JJ
turnover	NN
segments	NNS
of	IN
their	PRP$
work	NN
force	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
potentially	RB
unique	JJ
factors	NNS
driving	VBG
these	DT
employees	NNS
decisions	NNS
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
.	.
Organizations	NNP
can	MD
establish	VB
and	CC
strengthen	VB
internal	JJ
relationships	NNS
consistent	JJ
with	IN
their	PRP$
corporate	JJ
brand	NN
by	IN
applying	VBG
an	DT
IMO	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
can	MD
be	VB
a	DT
critical	JJ
strategic	JJ
tool	NN
in	IN
identifying	VBG
diverse	JJ
employees	NNS
and	CC
responding	VBG
to	TO
their	PRP$
needs	NNS
.	.
IMO	NNP
activities	NNS
enable	VBP
organizations	NNS
to	TO
tailor	VB
their	PRP$
retention	NN
strategies	NNS
to	TO
specific	JJ
employee	NN
segments	NNS
.	.
The	DT
IMO	NNP
scale	NN
developed	VBD
in	IN
this	DT
study	NN
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
by	IN
organizations	NNS
to	TO
gauge	VB
their	PRP$
current	JJ
level	NN
of	IN
IMO	NNP
,	,
while	IN
the	DT
model	NN
and	CC
implementation	NN
strategies	NNS
can	MD
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
starting	VBG
point	NN
for	IN
organizations	NNS
desiring	VBG
to	TO
adopt	VB
or	CC
improve	VB
their	PRP$
IMO	NNP
.	.
In	IN
sum	NN
,	,
the	DT
internal	JJ
application	NN
of	IN
marketing	NN
principles	NNS
to	TO
relationships	NNS
with	IN
employees	NNS
,	,
particularly	RB
in	IN
terms	NNS
of	IN
market	NN
segmentation	NN
,	,
will	MD
allow	VB
organizations	NNS
to	TO
identify	VB
specific	JJ
values	NNS
and	CC
retention	NN
criteria	NNS
for	IN
target	NN
populations	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
.	.
This	DT
,	,
in	IN
turn	NN
,	,
can	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
a	DT
cohesive	JJ
sustainable	JJ
strategy	NN
for	IN
retaining	VBG
diverse	JJ
employees	NNS
.	.
Association	NNP
of	IN
Colleges	NNP
and	CC
Employers	NNP
,	,
copyright	NN
holder	NN
,	,
to	TO
download	VB
and	CC
photocopy	VB
this	DT
article	NN
for	IN
internal	JJ
purposes	NNS
only	RB
.	.
Photocopies	NNS
must	MD
include	VB
this	DT
copyright	NN
notice	NN
.	.
Those	DT
who	WP
do	VBP
not	RB
hold	VB
membership	NN
,	,
or	CC
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
article	NN
for	IN
other	JJ
purposes	NNS
,	,
should	MD
contact	VB
Claudia	NNP
Allen	NNP
,	,
callen@naceweb.org	NN
,	,
800\/544	CD
-5272	CD
,	,
ext.	FW
129	CD
.	.
Electronic	JJ
reproduction	NN
of	IN
this	DT
article	NN
is	VBZ
prohibited	VBN
.	.
Organizations	NNP
value	NN
diversity	NN
because	IN
diverse	JJ
employees	NNS
may	MD
bring	VB
unique	JJ
knowledge	NN
,	,
experiences	NNS
,	,
and	CC
perspectives	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
workplace	NN
.	.
These	DT
contributions	NNS
may	MD
lead	VB
to	TO
additional	JJ
knowledge	NN
of	IN
underused	JJ
resources	NNS
or	CC
underexploited	JJ
markets	NNS
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
potential	JJ
links	NNS
to	TO
and	CC
relationships	NNS
with	IN
customers	NNS
that	WDT
traditional	JJ
employees	NNS
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
obtain	VB
.	.
Although	IN
important	JJ
,	,
the	DT
practical	JJ
implications	NNS
of	IN
turnover	NN
research	NN
are	VBP
not	RB
always	RB
straightforward	JJ
.	.
Perhaps	RB
the	DT
most	RBS
important	JJ
limitation	NN
of	IN
current	JJ
turnover	NN
research	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
implicit	JJ
treatment	NN
of	IN
all	DT
employees	NNS
as	IN
similar	JJ
without	IN
recognizing	VBG
that	IN
different	JJ
types	NNS
or	CC
groups	NNS
of	IN
employees	NNS
may	MD
have	VB
different	JJ
needs	NNS
and	CC
values	NNS
.	.
Previous	JJ
work	NN
does	VBZ
little	JJ
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
potentially	RB
unique	JJ
issues	NNS
faced	VBN
by	IN
specific	JJ
employee	NN
segments	NNS
and	CC
by	IN
organizations	NNS
trying	VBG
to	TO
retain	VB
them	PRP
.	.
Since	IN
IMO	NNP
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
targeting	VBG
specific	JJ
entities	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
especially	RB
effective	JJ
for	IN
developing	VBG
relationships	NNS
with	IN
diverse	JJ
subpopulations	NNS
of	IN
employees	NNS
.	.
By	IN
establishing	VBG
relationships	NNS
with	IN
employees	NNS
,	,
IMO	NNP
enables	VBZ
organizations	NNS
to	TO
obtain	VB
information	NN
from	IN
employees	NNS
concerning	VBG
their	PRP$
needs	NNS
and	CC
desires	NNS
.	.
Organizations	NNP
are	VBP
then	RB
able	JJ
to	TO
use	VB
that	DT
information	NN
to	TO
establish	VB
,	,
develop	VB
,	,
and	CC
maintain	VB
internal	JJ
processes	NNS
and	CC
alter	VB
job	NN
characteristics	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
increase	VB
retention	NN
rates	NNS
.	.
IMO	NNP
activities	NNS
are	VBP
used	VBN
to	TO
identify	VB
employee	NN
segments	NNS
that	WDT
possess	VBP
similar	JJ
characteristics	NNS
,	,
needs	VBZ
,	,
desires	NNS
,	,
and\/or	CC
job	NN
experiences	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
the	DT
information	NN
gathered	VBN
from	IN
employees	NNS
may	MD
also	RB
point	VB
out	RP
specific	JJ
areas	NNS
of	IN
concern	NN
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
whether	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
group	NN
feels	VBZ
valued	VBN
by	IN
and	CC
integrated	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
.	.
Organizations	NNP
are	VBP
therefore	RB
able	JJ
to	TO
tailor	VB
their	PRP$
retention	NN
strategies	NNS
to	TO
specific	JJ
employee	NN
segments	NNS
.	.
IMO	NNP
focuses	VBZ
on	IN
relationship-building	JJ
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
influence	VB
employee	NN
behavior	NN
through	IN
three	CD
main	JJ
dimensions	NNS
:	:
information	NN
generation	NN
,	,
information	NN
dissemination	NN
,	,
and	CC
responsiveness	NN
.	.
Information	NNP
generation	NN
involves	VBZ
internal	JJ
market	NN
research	NN
on	IN
employee	NN
needs	NNS
,	,
values	NNS
,	,
perceptions	NNS
,	,
and	CC
opinions	NNS
.	.
These	DT
data	NNS
are	VBP
then	RB
used	VBN
in	IN
several	JJ
ways	NNS
:	:
identification	NN
of	IN
exchanges	NNS
of	IN
value	NN
;	:
segmentation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
internal	JJ
market	NN
;	:
identification	NN
of	IN
external	JJ
market	NN
conditions	NNS
;	:
and	CC
development	NN
of	IN
segment	NN
retention	NN
strategies	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
to	TO
identify	VB
those	DT
exchanges	NNS
or	CC
organizational	JJ
characteristics	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
of	IN
most	JJS
value	NN
to	TO
the	DT
employee	NN
group	NN
or	CC
groups	NNS
of	IN
interest	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
which	WDT
employees	NNS
are	VBP
most	RBS
valuable	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
organization	NN
.	.
Organizations	NNP
can	MD
then	RB
segment	NN
their	PRP$
internal	JJ
market	NN
into	IN
groups	NNS
of	IN
employees	NNS
with	IN
shared	JJ
values	NNS
and	CC
perceptions	NNS
.	.
In	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
data	NNS
on	IN
external	JJ
market	NN
conditions	NNS
,	,
this	DT
enables	VBZ
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
retention	NN
strategies	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
segment	NN
.	.
For	IN
example	NN
,	,
an	DT
organization	NN
might	MD
discover	VB
that	IN
women	NNS
managers	NNS
are	VBP
more	RBR
concerned	JJ
about	IN
a	DT
particular	JJ
issue	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
career	NN
path	NN
opportunities	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
than	IN
other	JJ
employees	NNS
.	.
The	DT
organization	NN
might	MD
then	RB
revise	VB
career	NN
paths	NNS
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
this	DT
group	NN
,	,
especially	RB
if	IN
women	NNS
managers	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
identified	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
high-value	JJ
group	NN
at	IN
greater	JJR
risk	NN
of	IN
turning	VBG
over	RP
.	.
Information	NNP
dissemination	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
sharing	NN
and	CC
use	NN
of	IN
information	NN
within	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
.	.
The	DT
information	NN
dissemination	NN
stage	NN
of	IN
IMO	NNP
provides	VBZ
an	DT
opportunity	NN
for	IN
organizations	NNS
to	TO
share	VB
the	DT
maximum	NN
amount	NN
of	IN
information	NN
among	IN
employees	NNS
,	,
and	CC
between	IN
employees	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
organization	NN
.	.
Communication	NNP
is	VBZ
especially	RB
critical	JJ
in	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
comprised	VBD
of	IN
diverse	JJ
employees	NNS
.	.
Gathering	VBG
and	CC
disseminating	VBG
information	NN
are	VBP
necessary	JJ
but	CC
not	RB
sufficient	JJ
steps	NNS
for	IN
an	DT
organization	NN
to	TO
take	VB
in	RP
order	NN
to	TO
establish	VB
relationships	NNS
with	IN
its	PRP$
employees	NNS
;	:
organizations	NNS
must	MD
also	RB
be	VB
responsive	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
information	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
information	NN
provided	VBN
by	IN
employees	NNS
,	,
organizations	NNS
can	MD
respond	VB
by	IN
tailoring	VBG
jobs	NNS
and	CC
working	VBG
conditions	NNS
to	TO
employees	NNS
or	CC
segments	NNS
,	,
thereby	RB
treating	VBG
employees	NNS
with	IN
different	JJ
needs	NNS
differently	RB
.	.
Internal	NNP
responsiveness	NN
may	MD
include	VB
implementing	VBG
segmentation	NN
strategies	NNS
,	,
improving	VBG
communication	NN
channels	NNS
,	,
designing	VBG
jobs	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
employees	NNS
needs	NNS
,	,
aligning	VBG
bonus\/salary	JJ
systems	NNS
,	,
providing	VBG
management	NN
consideration	NN
to	TO
training	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
and	CC
reacting	VBG
to	TO
employment	NN
alternatives	NNS
facing	VBG
employees	NNS
.	.
Implementing	VBG
segment	NN
retention	NN
strategies	NNS
in	IN
these	DT
ways	NNS
can	MD
foster	VB
trust	NN
,	,
identification	NN
,	,
and	CC
commitment	NN
toward	IN
the	DT
organization	NN
.	.
Finally	RB
,	,
internal	JJ
branding	NN
can	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
an	DT
overarching	JJ
vision	NN
to	TO
IMO	NNP
strategies	NNS
.	.
Branding	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
necessary	JJ
for	IN
using	VBG
IMO	NNP
approaches	VBZ
to	TO
managing	VBG
retention	NN
,	,
but	CC
can	MD
provide	VB
a	DT
common	JJ
theme	NN
to	TO
all	DT
employee	NN
communications	NNS
and	CC
employee	NN
relations	NNS
activities	NNS
.	.
Branding	NN
begins	VBZ
by	IN
choosing	VBG
the	DT
desired	VBN
image	NN
and	CC
relationship	NN
with	IN
employees	NNS
.	.
The	DT
next	JJ
step	NN
in	IN
branding	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
make	VB
sure	JJ
that	IN
all	DT
employee	NN
relations	NNS
,	,
communications	NNS
,	,
and	CC
processes	NNS
are	VBP
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
desired	VBN
brand	NN
image	NN
.	.
IMO	NNP
involves	VBZ
extensive	JJ
communication	NN
with	IN
employees	NNS
,	,
so	IN
it	PRP
is	VBZ
important	JJ
that	IN
information	NN
collection	NN
,	,
information	NN
dissemination	NN
,	,
and	CC
responsiveness	NN
be	VB
consistent	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
desired	VBN
brand	NN
image	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
Cunningham	NNP
has	VBZ
presented	VBN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
web	NN
seminars	NNS
for	IN
NACE	NNP
and	CC
written	VBN
or	CC
edited	VBN
books	NNS
for	IN
NACE	NNP
on	IN
topics	NNS
that	WDT
members	NNS
say	VBP
are	VBP
important	JJ
to	TO
them	PRP
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
diversity	NN
,	,
internship	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
interviewing	VBG
,	,
and	CC
college	NN
relations	NNS
program	NN
management	NN
.	.
Over	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
,	,
she	PRP
faced	VBD
numerous	JJ
challenges	NNS
,	,
but	CC
says	VBZ
the	DT
biggest	JJS
was	VBD
taking	VBG
the	DT
Tellabs	NNP
college	NN
relations	NNS
program	NN
from	IN
one	CD
that	WDT
hired	VBD
about	IN
30	CD
new	JJ
college	NN
graduates	NNS
per	IN
year	NN
in	IN
Illinois	NNP
to	TO
a	DT
program	NN
that	WDT
hired	VBD
hundreds	NNS
of	IN
students	NNS
and	CC
new	JJ
grads	NNS
per	IN
year	NN
in	IN
multiple	JJ
locations	NNS
around	IN
the	DT
world	NN
.	.
Cunningham	NNP
says	VBZ
the	DT
things	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
help	VB
NACE	NNP
continue	VB
to	TO
be	VB
strong	JJ
include	VBP
providing	VBG
leadership	NN
and	CC
professional	JJ
growth	NN
that	WDT
might	MD
not	RB
be	VB
available	JJ
on	IN
the	DT
job	NN
;	:
offering	VBG
networking	VBG
opportunities	NNS
to	TO
share	VB
information	NN
and	CC
support	NN
ideas	NNS
and	CC
a	DT
big-picture	JJ
view	NN
;	:
helping	VBG
members	NNS
to	TO
view	VB
what	WP
they	PRP
do	VBP
as	IN
a	DT
profession	NN
,	,
not	RB
just	RB
a	DT
job	NN
;	:
and	CC
addressing	VBG
the	DT
human	JJ
need	NN
to	TO
connect	VB
with	IN
others	NNS
in	IN
similar	JJ
situations	NNS
.	.
As	IN
for	IN
the	DT
profession	NN
,	,
Harris	NNP
says	VBZ
that	IN
people	NNS
look	VBP
to	TO
an	DT
organization	NN
like	IN
NACE	NNP
for	IN
information	NN
and	CC
resources	NNS
on	IN
areas	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
assessment	NN
and	CC
benchmarking	NN
,	,
and	CC
networking	NN
,	,
especially	RB
for	IN
those	DT
new	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
profession	NN
.	.
Since	IN
1995	CD
,	,
she	PRP
has	VBZ
served	VBN
as	IN
director	NN
of	IN
the	DT
UCLA	NNP
Career	NNP
Center	NNP
,	,
where	WRB
she	PRP
supported	VBD
an	DT
outreach	NN
model	NN
that	WDT
included	VBD
career	NN
center	NN
sponsorship	NN
of	IN
student	NN
groups	NNS
.	.
She	PRP
also	RB
started	VBD
a	DT
career	NN
center	NN
annual	JJ
campaign	NN
and	CC
special	JJ
events	NNS
that	WDT
significantly	RB
increased	VBD
career	NN
center	NN
income	NN
.	.
In	IN
1948	CD
,	,
the	DT
General	NNP
Electric	NNP
Corporation	NNP
held	VBD
a	DT
conference	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
recruiters	NNS
from	IN
major	JJ
companies	NNS
and	CC
placement	NN
officers	NNS
from	IN
colleges	NNS
and	CC
universities	NNS
met	VBD
for	IN
a	DT
discussion	NN
of	IN
issues	NNS
facing	VBG
both	DT
fields	NNS
.	.
Two	CD
important	JJ
outcomes	NNS
were	VBD
that	IN
a	DT
recruitment	NN
code	NN
of	IN
ethics	NNS
was	VBD
developed	VBN
and	CC
there	EX
was	VBD
interest	NN
in	IN
forming	VBG
other	JJ
regional	JJ
associations	NNS
similar	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Rocky	NNP
Mountain	NNP
organization	NN
.	.
Talk	NN
of	IN
collaboration	NN
among	IN
the	DT
regions	NNS
grew	VBD
;	:
although	IN
the	DT
groups	NNS
decided	VBD
to	TO
be	VB
independent	JJ
,	,
as	IN
their	PRP$
activities	NNS
expanded	VBN
,	,
many	JJ
conferences	NNS
and	CC
projects	NNS
overlapped	VBN
,	,
and	CC
it	PRP
became	VBD
obvious	JJ
that	IN
coordination	NN
and	CC
communication	NN
on	IN
a	DT
larger	JJR
scale	NN
would	MD
require	VB
the	DT
creation	NN
of	IN
a	DT
national	JJ
association	NN
.	.
In	IN
June	NNP
1955	CD
,	,
the	DT
presidents	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
eight	CD
regional	JJ
associations	NNS
held	VBD
a	DT
meeting	NN
in	IN
Philadelphia	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
the	DT
Journal	NNP
reported	VBD
on	IN
in	IN
its	PRP$
October	NNP
issue	NN
.	.
Discussions	NNS
during	IN
this	DT
meeting	NN
explored	VBD
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
a	DT
national	JJ
advisory	JJ
council	NN
.	.
The	DT
proposal	NN
was	VBD
brought	VBN
before	IN
the	DT
eight	CD
regional	JJ
groups	NNS
for	IN
action	NN
to	TO
facilitate	VB
establishing	VBG
a	DT
formal	JJ
national	JJ
organization	NN
.	.
An	DT
executive	JJ
committee	NN
and	CC
the	DT
administrative	JJ
boards	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
eight	CD
regional	JJ
associations	NNS
met	VBD
at	IN
Lehigh	NNP
University	NNP
in	IN
Bethlehem	NNP
,	,
Pennsylvania	NNP
,	,
in	IN
June	NNP
1956	CD
and	CC
unanimously	RB
approved	VBD
the	DT
constitution	NN
for	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
national	JJ
advisory	JJ
council	NN
.	.
The	DT
name	NN
College	NNP
Placement	NNP
Publications	NNP
Council	NNP
was	VBD
retained	VBN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
1980s	CD
,	,
CPC	NNP
published	VBD
professional	JJ
standards	NNS
for	IN
its	PRP$
members	NNS
,	,
offered	VBD
more	RBR
training	NN
and	CC
development	NN
opportunities	NNS
,	,
held	VBD
three	CD
National	NNP
Meetings	NNS
,	,
included	VBD
legal	JJ
columns	NNS
in	IN
publications	NNS
,	,
and	CC
instituted	VBD
an	DT
awards	NNS
program	NN
to	TO
recognize	VB
member	NN
accomplishments	NNS
.	.
CPC	NNP
also	RB
published	VBD
benchmark	JJ
research	NN
studies	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
1980s	CD
.	.
NACE	NNP
continues	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
information	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
made	VBN
it	PRP
a	DT
valuable	JJ
professional	JJ
organization	NN
to	TO
its	PRP$
members	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
constituencies	NNS
over	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
50	CD
years	NNS
.	.
``	``
As	IN
we	PRP
look	VBP
ahead	RB
,	,
NACE	NNP
will	MD
strive	VB
to	TO
anticipate	VB
trends	NNS
and	CC
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
profession	NN
,	,
so	RB
that	IN
we	PRP
may	MD
serve	VB
members	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
conscientious	JJ
foresight	NN
as	IN
those	DT
members	NNS
who	WP
built	VBD
its	PRP$
solid	JJ
foundation	NN
,	,
''	''
says	VBZ
Vanessa	NNP
A.	NNP
Strauss	NNP
,	,
NACE	NNP
president	NN
.	.
Choosing	VBG
and	CC
attaining	VBG
meaningful	JJ
post-graduation	JJ
employment	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
important	JJ
challenge	NN
for	IN
college	NN
students	NNS
.	.
To	TO
aid	VB
this	DT
process	NN
,	,
your	PRP$
career	NN
center	NN
and	CC
employers	NNS
develop	VBP
connections	NNS
and	CC
programs	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
on-campus	JJ
recruiting	NN
,	,
resume	VB
referral	NN
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
job	NN
fairs	NNS
,	,
in	IN
which	WDT
you	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
fellow	JJ
students	NNS
are	VBP
active	JJ
participants	NNS
.	.
Raytheon	NNP
Company	NNP
,	,
a	DT
leader	NN
in	IN
technology	NN
,	,
constantly	RB
strives	VBZ
to	TO
encourage	VB
young	JJ
students	NNS
interest	NN
in	IN
math	NN
and	CC
science	NN
.	.
In	IN
this	DT
spirit	NN
,	,
we	PRP
have	VBP
created	VBN
a	DT
basket	NN
containing	VBG
a	DT
Remote	NNP
Control	NNP
Robotic	NNP
Dinosaur	NNP
and	CC
several	JJ
MathMovesU	NNP
and	CC
MathCounts	NNP
items	NNS
.	.
MathMovesU	NNP
is	VBZ
Raytheon	NNP
Company	NNP
's	POS
national	JJ
initiative	NN
to	TO
improve	VB
young	JJ
students	NNS
'	POS
perceptions	NNS
about	IN
math	NN
and	CC
science	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
know	VBP
you	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
correct	JJ
Web	NNP
address	NN
,	,
but	CC
are	VBP
encountering	VBG
an	DT
error	NN
,	,
please	VB
send	VB
an	DT
email	NN
to	TO
the	DT
site	NN
administrator	NN
or	CC
click	VBP
here	RB
to	TO
return	VB
to	TO
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
home	NN
page	NN
.	.
The	DT
flight	NN
guide	NN
is	VBZ
intended	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
flight	NN
information	NN
for	IN
Ronald	NNP
Reagan	NNP
Washington	NNP
National	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
DCA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
IAD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
Airports	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
contains	VBZ
direct	JJ
flights	NNS
and	CC
selected	VBN
connecting	VBG
flights	NNS
.	.
Flights	NNS
are	VBP
listed	VBN
by	IN
time	NN
of	IN
day	NN
,	,
showing	VBG
the	DT
published	VBN
flight	NN
number	NN
,	,
stops	VBZ
and	CC
transfer	VB
city	NN
if	IN
applicable	JJ
.	.
International	NNP
flights	NNS
are	VBP
listed	VBN
separately	RB
.	.
Schedule	NN
changes	NNS
may	MD
occur	VB
after	IN
publication	NN
.	.
You	PRP
are	VBP
advised	VBN
to	TO
confirm	VB
all	DT
information	NN
with	IN
the	DT
airline	NN
or	CC
travel	NN
representative	NN
.	.
Shuttles	NNS
leaving	VBG
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
``	``
C	NNP
''	''
Gates	NNP
now	RB
depart	VBP
from	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
location	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
.	.
Passengers	NNS
may	MD
board	NN
the	DT
shuttles	NNS
directly	RB
after	IN
passing	VBG
through	IN
the	DT
security	NN
screening	NN
checkpoints	NNS
.	.
The	DT
new	JJ
location	NN
is	VBZ
marked	VBN
with	IN
signage	NN
.	.
Passengers	NNS
going	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
A	NNP
,	,
B	NNP
,	,
D	NNP
,	,
H	NNP
,	,
and	CC
Z-gates	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
affected	VBN
by	IN
this	DT
change	NN
.	.
Click	VB
here	RB
to	TO
view	VB
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
Map	NNP
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
food	NN
and	CC
beverage	NN
facilities	NNS
at	IN
Dulles	NNP
have	VBP
been	VBN
completely	RB
renovated	VBN
and	CC
enhanced	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
today	NN
's	POS
traveler	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
also	RB
a	DT
restaurant	NN
located	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
prior	RB
to	TO
the	DT
security	NN
screening	NN
checkpoints	NNS
.	.
Click	VB
here	RB
for	IN
retail	JJ
and	CC
restaurant	NN
listings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Commonwealth	NNP
of	IN
Virginia	NNP
have	VBP
entered	VBN
into	IN
a	DT
Memorandum	NNP
of	IN
Understanding	NNP
regarding	VBG
the	DT
future	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Dulles	NNP
Corridor	NNP
.	.
Documents	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
viewed	VBN
by	IN
clicking	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
links	NNS
below	IN
.	.
Privacy	NN
Statement	NN
and	CC
Website	NNP
Policy	NNP
for	IN
www.mwaa.com	NNP
Disclaimer	NNP
:	:
The	DT
material	NN
on	IN
this	DT
website	NN
is	VBZ
historical	JJ
and	CC
has	VBZ
been	VBN
posted	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
convenience	NN
and	CC
general	JJ
information	NN
of	IN
persons	NNS
interested	VBN
in	IN
such	JJ
historical	JJ
material	NN
,	,
speaks	VBZ
only	RB
as	IN
of	IN
its	PRP$
date	NN
,	,
and	CC
has	VBZ
not	RB
been	VBN
updated	VBN
to	TO
reflect	VB
subsequent	JJ
developments	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
use	VBP
this	DT
information	NN
to	TO
help	VB
us	PRP
make	VB
our	PRP$
site	NN
more	RBR
useful	JJ
to	TO
visitors	NNS
,	,
to	TO
learn	VB
about	IN
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
visitors	NNS
to	TO
our	PRP$
site	NN
and	CC
the	DT
types	NNS
of	IN
technology	NN
our	PRP$
visitors	NNS
use	VBP
.	.
We	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
track	VB
or	CC
record	VB
information	NN
about	IN
individuals	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
visits	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
utilize	VB
``	``
cookies	NNS
''	''
-LRB-	-LRB-
A	DT
``	``
cookie	NN
''	''
is	VBZ
a	DT
file	NN
placed	VBN
on	IN
your	PRP$
hard	JJ
drive	NN
by	IN
a	DT
web	NN
site	NN
that	WDT
allows	VBZ
it	PRP
to	TO
monitor	VB
your	PRP$
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
site	NN
.	.
-RRB-	-RRB-
except	IN
for	IN
short	JJ
duration	NN
cookies	NNS
that	WDT
enable	VBP
us	PRP
to	TO
limit	VB
the	DT
repetition	NN
of	IN
informational	JJ
``	``
pop	NN
up	RP
''	''
windows	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
appear	VB
while	IN
visiting	VBG
sections	NNS
of	IN
our	PRP$
site	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
choose	VBP
to	TO
provide	VB
us	PRP
with	IN
personal	JJ
information	NN
as	IN
in	IN
an	DT
email	NN
to	TO
one	CD
of	IN
our	PRP$
online	JJ
email	NN
boxes	NNS
,	,
or	CC
by	IN
filling	VBG
out	RP
a	DT
form	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
personal	JJ
information	NN
and	CC
submitting	VBG
it	PRP
to	TO
us	PRP
through	IN
our	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
we	PRP
use	VBP
that	DT
information	NN
to	TO
respond	VB
to	TO
your	PRP$
message	NN
and	CC
to	TO
help	VB
us	PRP
get	VB
you	PRP
the	DT
information	NN
you	PRP
have	VBP
requested	VBN
.	.
We	PRP
treat	VBP
emails	VBZ
the	DT
same	JJ
way	NN
we	PRP
treat	VBP
other	JJ
communications	NNS
sent	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Authority	NNP
,	,
but	CC
we	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
collect	VB
personal	JJ
information	NN
for	IN
any	DT
purpose	NN
other	JJ
than	IN
to	TO
respond	VB
to	TO
your	PRP$
request	NN
.	.
We	PRP
collect	VBP
personally	RB
identifiable	JJ
information	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
name	NN
,	,
email	NN
address	NN
,	,
Social	NNP
Security	NNP
number	NN
,	,
or	CC
telephone	NN
number	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
only	RB
if	IN
specifically	RB
and	CC
knowingly	RB
provided	VBN
by	IN
you	PRP
.	.
We	PRP
only	RB
share	VBP
the	DT
information	NN
you	PRP
give	VBP
us	PRP
with	IN
another	DT
organization	NN
if	IN
your	PRP$
inquiry	NN
relates	VBZ
to	TO
that	DT
organization	NN
,	,
or	CC
as	IN
otherwise	RB
required	VBN
by	IN
law	NN
.	.
Moreover	RB
,	,
we	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
create	VB
individual	JJ
profiles	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
information	NN
you	PRP
provide	VBP
or	CC
give	VBP
it	PRP
to	TO
any	DT
private	JJ
organizations	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
collect	VB
information	NN
for	IN
commercial	JJ
marketing	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
has	VBZ
links	NNS
to	TO
other	JJ
organizations	NNS
'	POS
web	NN
sites	NNS
.	.
This	DT
does	VBZ
not	RB
constitute	VB
an	DT
endorsement	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
policies	NNS
or	CC
products	NNS
.	.
Once	RB
you	PRP
link	VBP
to	TO
another	DT
site	NN
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
privacy	NN
policy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
site	NN
.	.
We	PRP
ensure	VB
that	IN
our	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
remains	VBZ
available	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
users	NNS
by	IN
using	VBG
a	DT
computer	NN
system	NN
that	WDT
employs	VBZ
software	NN
programs	NNS
to	TO
monitor	VB
network	NN
traffic	NN
to	TO
identify	VB
unauthorized	JJ
attempts	NNS
to	TO
upload	VB
or	CC
change	VB
information	NN
,	,
or	CC
otherwise	RB
cause	VB
damage	NN
.	.
All	DT
photographs	NNS
contained	VBN
on	IN
this	DT
web	NN
site	NN
are	VBP
protected	VBN
by	IN
United	NNP
States	NNPS
copyright	NN
law	NN
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
browse	VB
,	,
search	NN
,	,
retrieve	VBP
,	,
view	VBP
,	,
download	VBP
,	,
store	VBP
or	CC
print	VBP
photographs	NNS
from	IN
mwaa.com	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
personal	JJ
,	,
noncommercial	JJ
use	NN
only	RB
.	.
Otherwise	RB
,	,
photographs	NNS
on	IN
this	DT
web	NN
site	NN
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
copied	VBN
,	,
reproduced	VBN
,	,
modified	VBN
,	,
distributed	VBN
,	,
transmitted	VBN
,	,
displayed	VBN
,	,
published	VBN
or	CC
broadcast	VBN
without	IN
the	DT
prior	JJ
written	VBN
permission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
alter	VB
or	CC
remove	VB
any	DT
trademark	NN
,	,
copyright	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
notice	NN
from	IN
the	DT
content	NN
on	IN
this	DT
web	NN
site	NN
.	.
The	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
operates	VBZ
a	DT
two-airport	JJ
system	NN
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
domestic	JJ
and	CC
international	JJ
air	NN
service	NN
for	IN
the	DT
mid-Atlantic	JJ
region	NN
.	.
The	DT
organization	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
1,300	CD
employees	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
structure	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
central	JJ
administration	NN
,	,
airports	NNS
management	NN
and	CC
operations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
police	NN
and	CC
fire	NN
departments	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
taxpayer-funded	JJ
but	CC
is	VBZ
self-supporting	JJ
,	,
using	VBG
aircraft	NN
landing	NN
fees	NNS
,	,
rents	NNS
and	CC
revenues	NNS
from	IN
concessions	NNS
to	TO
fund	VB
operating	NN
expenses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Dulles	NNP
Development	NNP
Program	NNP
is	VBZ
funded	VBN
by	IN
bonds	NNS
issued	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
,	,
Federal	NNP
and	CC
State	NNP
Airport	NNP
Improvement	NNP
Program	NNP
funds	NNS
,	,
and	CC
Passenger	NN
Facility	NN
Charges	NNS
.	.
The	DT
link	NN
below	IN
leads	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Digital	NNP
Assurance	NNP
Certification	NNP
,	,
LLC	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
DAC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
website	NN
.	.
The	DT
DAC	NNP
investor	NN
relations	NNS
platform	NN
enables	VBZ
issuers	NNS
to	TO
post	VB
vital	JJ
information	NN
pertaining	VBG
to	TO
their	PRP$
bonds	NNS
that	WDT
is	VBZ
accessible	JJ
to	TO
investors	NNS
free	JJ
of	IN
charge	NN
.	.
The	DT
DAC	NNP
website	NN
also	RB
allows	VBZ
the	DT
public	NN
to	TO
contact	VB
issuers	NNS
with	IN
specific	JJ
inquiries	NNS
.	.
Once	RB
answered	VBN
,	,
the	DT
inquiry	NN
and	CC
issuer	NN
response	NN
are	VBP
posted	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Investor	NNP
Communication	NNP
Platform	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
independent	JJ
body	NN
created	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commonwealth	NNP
of	IN
Virginia	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
District	NNP
of	IN
Columbia	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Congress	NNP
to	TO
operate	VB
and	CC
maintain	VB
Ronald	NNP
Reagan	NNP
Washington	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
and	CC
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
public	JJ
body	NN
,	,
corporate	JJ
and	CC
politic	JJ
and	CC
is	VBZ
independent	JJ
of	IN
all	DT
other	JJ
bodies	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
not	RB
an	DT
agency	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Commonwealth	NNP
of	IN
Virginia	NNP
or	CC
the	DT
District	NNP
of	IN
Columbia	NNP
,	,
nor	CC
is	VBZ
it	PRP
a	DT
federal	JJ
agency	NN
.	.
The	DT
U.S.	NNP
government	NN
owns	VBZ
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
property	NN
.	.
Pursuant	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
lease	NN
signed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Secretary	NNP
of	IN
Transportation	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Authority	NNP
,	,
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Transportation	NNP
transferred	VBD
control	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Airports	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Authority	NNP
on	IN
June	NNP
7	CD
,	,
1987	CD
,	,
for	IN
a	DT
50-year	JJ
period	NN
;	:
in	IN
2003	CD
,	,
the	DT
lease	NN
was	VBD
extended	VBN
an	DT
additional	JJ
30	CD
years	NNS
.	.
The	DT
lease	NN
established	VBD
the	DT
terms	NNS
and	CC
conditions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
control	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Airports	NNS
,	,
most	JJS
significantly	RB
,	,
that	IN
the	DT
property	NN
be	VB
used	VBN
only	RB
for	IN
``	``
airport	NN
purposes	NNS
.	.
''	''
Airport	NNP
revenues	NNS
from	IN
aircraft	NN
landing	NN
fees	NNS
,	,
rents	NNS
and	CC
airport	NN
concession	NN
fees	NNS
support	VBP
the	DT
Authority	NNP
.	.
While	IN
it	PRP
does	VBZ
receive	VB
federal	JJ
and	CC
state	NN
grants	NNS
for	IN
construction	NN
projects	NNS
like	IN
any	DT
other	JJ
U.S.	NNP
airport	NN
,	,
the	DT
Authority	NNP
receives	VBZ
no	DT
taxpayer	NN
funds	NNS
or	CC
appropriations	NNS
from	IN
any	DT
government	NN
for	IN
its	PRP$
operating	NN
costs	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Airports	NNS
also	RB
collect	VBP
a	DT
$	$
4.50	CD
passenger	NN
facility	NN
charge	NN
for	IN
each	DT
passenger	NN
for	IN
spending	VBG
only	RB
on	IN
government-authorized	VBN
projects	NNS
,	,
mostly	RB
for	IN
capacity	NN
and	CC
safety	NN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
federal	JJ
government	NN
operated	VBD
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
prior	RB
to	TO
1987	CD
,	,
both	DT
had	VBD
a	DT
Washington	NNP
,	,
D.C.	NNP
postal	JJ
address	NN
.	.
To	TO
help	VB
identify	VB
the	DT
service	NN
area	NN
more	RBR
easily	RB
for	IN
travelers	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Authority	NNP
did	VBD
not	RB
change	VB
the	DT
addresses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Transportation	NNP
built	VBD
the	DT
toll	NN
road	NN
on	IN
airport	NN
property	NN
.	.
The	DT
Virginia	NNP
State	NNP
Police	NNP
and	CC
Fairfax	NNP
County	NNP
Police	NNP
have	VBP
primary	JJ
jurisdiction	NN
over	IN
the	DT
toll	NN
road	NN
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
Police	NNP
also	RB
have	VBP
jurisdiction	NN
on	IN
the	DT
toll	NN
road	NN
.	.
Links	NNP
of	IN
Interest	NNP
Links	NNP
to	TO
Other	JJ
Sites	NNS
:	:
Our	PRP$
web	NN
site	NN
has	VBZ
links	NNS
to	TO
other	JJ
organizations	NNS
'	POS
web	NN
sites	NNS
.	.
This	DT
does	VBZ
not	RB
constitute	VB
an	DT
endorsement	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
policies	NNS
or	CC
products	NNS
.	.
Once	RB
you	PRP
link	VBP
to	TO
another	DT
site	NN
,	,
you	PRP
are	VBP
subject	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
privacy	NN
policy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
site	NN
.	.
Air	NNP
Service	NNP
The	NNP
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
continually	RB
striving	VBG
to	TO
improve	VB
the	DT
level	NN
of	IN
air	NN
service	NN
offered	VBN
at	IN
Ronald	NNP
Reagan	NNP
Washington	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
and	CC
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airport	NNP
as	IN
we	PRP
further	RB
integrate	VBP
with	IN
the	DT
world	NN
around	IN
us	PRP
in	IN
a	DT
changing	VBG
aviation	NN
industry	NN
.	.
With	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
best	JJS
concession	NN
programs	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
country	NN
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
offers	VBZ
a	DT
favorable	JJ
climate	NN
for	IN
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
business	NN
enterprises	NNS
at	IN
Ronald	NNP
Reagan	NNP
Washington	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
and	CC
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
Concession	NN
opportunities	NNS
include	VBP
;	:
parking	NN
,	,
rental	JJ
cars	NNS
,	,
food	NN
&	CC
beverage	NN
,	,
retail	JJ
,	,
customer	NN
service	NN
,	,
taxicabs	NNS
,	,
terminal	NN
advertising	NN
and	CC
general	JJ
aviation	NN
.	.
When	WRB
a	DT
contract	NN
expires	VBZ
or	CC
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
concession	NN
is	VBZ
determined	VBN
a	DT
Request	NN
for	IN
Proposals	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
posted	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
web	NN
site	NN
.	.
Please	VB
go	VB
to	TO
Currently	NNP
Available	NNP
Concession	NNP
Opportunities	NNPS
.	.
Successful	JJ
Proposals	NNS
are	VBP
selected	VBN
through	IN
a	DT
competitive	JJ
solicitation	NN
process	NN
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
policy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
to	TO
aggressively	RB
seek	VB
MBE	NNP
and	CC
WBE	NNP
participation	NN
in	IN
its	PRP$
contract	NN
opportunities	NNS
through	IN
all	DT
lawful	JJ
means	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
has	VBZ
two	CD
programs	NNS
for	IN
achieving	VBG
this	DT
policy	NN
objective	NN
-	:
an	DT
LDBE	NNP
Program	NNP
for	IN
contracts	NNS
that	WDT
do	VBP
not	RB
include	VB
any	DT
federal	JJ
funds	NNS
and	CC
its	PRP$
DBE	NNP
Programs	NNP
for	IN
federally-funded	JJ
contracts	NNS
and	CC
concession	NN
opportunities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
LDBE	NNP
Program	NNP
provides	VBZ
opportunities	NNS
to	TO
local	JJ
small	JJ
business	NN
firms	NNS
without	IN
regard	NN
to	TO
race	NN
or	CC
sex	NN
.	.
These	DT
LDBE	NNP
firms	NNS
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
for	IN
any	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
contract	NN
that	WDT
requires	VBZ
LDBE	NNP
participation	NN
.	.
An	DT
LDBE	NNP
is	VBZ
defined	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
small	JJ
business	NN
concern	NN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
organized	VBN
for	IN
profit	NN
and	CC
located	VBN
within	IN
a	DT
100-mile	JJ
radius	NN
of	IN
Washington	NNP
,	,
DC	NNP
's	POS
Zero	NNP
Mile	NNP
Marker	NNP
.	.
Those	DT
business	NN
entities	NNS
located	VBN
within	IN
counties	NNS
that	WDT
fall	VBP
partially	RB
within	IN
the	DT
aforementioned	JJ
boundary	NN
were	VBD
also	RB
eligible	JJ
to	TO
participate	VB
in	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
LDBE	NNP
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
average	JJ
gross	JJ
receipts	NNS
,	,
based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
firm	NN
's	POS
last	JJ
three	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
receipts	NNS
,	,
must	MD
not	RB
exceed	VB
the	DT
small	JJ
business	NN
size	NN
standard	JJ
established	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
services	NNS
or	CC
goods	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
Authority	NNP
contract	NN
.	.
The	DT
receipts	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
affiliates	NNS
are	VBP
counted	VBN
in	IN
determining	VBG
size	NN
.	.
Business	NN
concerns	NNS
are	VBP
affiliates	NNS
of	IN
each	DT
other	JJ
when	WRB
,	,
either	CC
directly	RB
or	CC
indirectly	RB
,	,
-LRB-	-LRB-
1	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
one	CD
concern	NN
controls	NNS
or	CC
has	VBZ
the	DT
power	NN
to	TO
control	VB
the	DT
other	JJ
,	,
or	CC
-LRB-	-LRB-
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
a	DT
third	JJ
party	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
or	CC
parties	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
has	VBZ
the	DT
power	NN
to	TO
control	VB
both	DT
.	.
Consideration	NN
is	VBZ
given	VBN
to	TO
such	JJ
factors	NNS
as	IN
common	JJ
ownership	NN
and	CC
management	NN
,	,
contractual	JJ
relationships	NNS
and	CC
overlapping	VBG
authority	NN
.	.
The	DT
directory	NN
also	RB
provides	VBZ
a	DT
listing	NN
of	IN
Minority	NNP
Owned	NNP
Business	NNP
Enterprise	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
MBE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
Woman	NNP
Owned	NNP
Business	NNP
Enterprise	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
WBE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
firms	NNS
who	WP
have	VBP
been	VBN
certified	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
DBE	NNP
.	.
The	DT
DBE	NNP
Program	NNP
covers	VBZ
contracts	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
funded	VBN
in	IN
part	NN
or	CC
in	IN
whole	JJ
with	IN
federal	JJ
dollars	NNS
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
provides	VBZ
opportunities	NNS
to	TO
firms	NNS
who	WP
meet	VBP
the	DT
federal	JJ
eligibility	NN
standards	NNS
for	IN
DBEs	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
must	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
Department	NNP
of	IN
Transportation	NNP
regulations	NNS
in	IN
49	CD
CFR	NNP
Part	NNP
26	CD
,	,
when	WRB
certifying	VBG
DBEs	NNS
.	.
To	TO
qualify	VB
as	IN
a	DT
DBE	NNP
under	IN
49	CD
CFR	NNP
Part	NNP
26	CD
,	,
a	DT
business	NN
must	MD
be	VB
a	DT
small	JJ
business	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
defined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Small	NNP
Business	NNP
Administration	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
which	WDT
is	VBZ
at	IN
least	JJS
51	CD
percent	NN
owned	VBN
by	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
socially	RB
and	CC
economically	RB
disadvantaged	JJ
individuals	NNS
.	.
African	JJ
American	NNP
,	,
Hispanic	NNP
Americans	NNPS
,	,
Native	JJ
Americans	NNPS
,	,
Subcontinent	NNP
Asian	NNP
Americans	NNPS
,	,
Asian-Pacific	NNP
Americans	NNPS
and	CC
women	NNS
are	VBP
presumed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
socially	RB
and	CC
economically	RB
disadvantaged	JJ
.	.
The	DT
management	NN
and	CC
daily	JJ
business	NN
operations	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
controlled	VBN
by	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
of	IN
the	DT
socially	RB
and	CC
economically	RB
disadvantaged	JJ
individuals	NNS
who	WP
own	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
The	DT
receipts	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
affiliate	NN
companies	NNS
are	VBP
counted	VBN
in	IN
determining	VBG
size	NN
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
public	JJ
body	NN
politic	JJ
and	CC
corporate	JJ
,	,
created	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
consent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Congress	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
by	IN
the	DT
District	NNP
of	IN
Columbia	NNP
Regional	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
Act	NNP
of	IN
1985	CD
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
,	,
and	CC
Ch	NNP
.	.
598	CD
,	,
Virginia	NNP
Acts	NNP
of	IN
Assembly	NNP
of	IN
1985	CD
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
this	DT
entity	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
plan	VB
,	,
provide	VB
and	CC
actively	RB
manage	VB
world	NN
class	NN
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
global	JJ
aviation	NN
system	NN
in	IN
a	DT
way	NN
that	IN
anticipates	VBZ
and	CC
serves	VBZ
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Capital	NNP
area	NN
.	.
The	DT
Purchasing	NNP
Agents	NNPS
and	CC
Buyers	NNS
are	VBP
responsible	JJ
for	IN
procuring	VBG
the	DT
following	JJ
goods	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
for	IN
requisitions	NNS
valued	VBN
at	IN
$	$
25,000.00	CD
and	CC
under	IN
,	,
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
supporting	VBG
a	DT
warehouse	NN
which	WDT
stocks	NNS
approximately	RB
2,500	CD
line	NN
items	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
considering	VBG
a	DT
job	NN
opportunity	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
,	,
we	PRP
want	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
know	VB
that	DT
pay	NN
represents	VBZ
only	RB
a	DT
portion	NN
of	IN
total	JJ
compensation	NN
.	.
The	DT
benefits	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
as	IN
an	DT
Authority	NNP
employee	NN
can	MD
assist	VB
you	PRP
while	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
working	VBG
and	CC
help	VB
you	PRP
plan	VBP
for	IN
a	DT
comfortable	JJ
retirement	NN
.	.
A	DT
typical	JJ
benefits	NNS
package	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
usually	RB
represents	VBZ
an	DT
additional	JJ
30	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
pay	NN
.	.
Understanding	VBG
the	DT
benefits	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
is	VBZ
the	DT
best	JJS
way	NN
to	TO
determine	VB
if	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
could	MD
be	VB
your	PRP$
next	JJ
employer	NN
.	.
Below	IN
is	VBZ
a	DT
summary	NN
of	IN
the	DT
different	JJ
benefits	NNS
offered	VBN
to	TO
all	DT
regular	JJ
,	,
active	JJ
employees	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
typically	RB
offers	VBZ
two	CD
different	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
plans	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
you	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
family	NN
with	IN
protection	NN
when	WRB
you	PRP
incur	VBP
health	NN
care	NN
expenses	NNS
.	.
Employees	NNS
may	MD
select	VB
from	IN
a	DT
Preferred	NNP
Provider	NNP
Organization	NNP
or	CC
a	DT
Health	NNP
Maintenance	NNP
Organization	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
elect	VB
to	TO
cover	VB
yourself	PRP
,	,
yourself	PRP
plus	IN
one	CD
other	JJ
dependent	JJ
,	,
or	CC
yourself	PRP
and	CC
your	PRP$
entire	JJ
family	NN
.	.
Either	CC
plan	NN
offers	VBZ
comprehensive	JJ
medical	JJ
services	NNS
at	IN
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
bi-weekly	JJ
contribution	NN
rate	NN
.	.
These	DT
programs	NNS
include	VBP
prescription	NN
drug	NN
and	CC
vision	NN
benefits	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
automatically	RB
covers	VBZ
employees	NNS
in	IN
one	CD
of	IN
two	CD
different	JJ
defined	VBN
benefit	NN
plans	NNS
--	:
either	RB
the	DT
Retirement	NNP
Plan	NNP
for	IN
General	NNP
Employees	NNP
or	CC
the	DT
Retirement	NNP
Plan	NNP
for	IN
Police	NNP
Officers	NNPS
and	CC
Firefighters	NNPS
.	.
An	DT
employee	NN
is	VBZ
covered	VBN
in	IN
their	PRP$
respective	JJ
plan	NN
as	IN
of	IN
their	PRP$
date	NN
of	IN
hire	NN
.	.
Police	NNS
and	CC
Firefighters	NNS
contribute	VBP
1.5	CD
percent	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
base	NN
pay	NN
on	IN
a	DT
pre-tax	JJ
basis	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
eligible	JJ
for	IN
a	DT
full	JJ
pension	NN
at	IN
age	NN
55	CD
with	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
5	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
service	NN
or	CC
at	IN
any	DT
age	NN
with	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
25	CD
years	NNS
of	IN
service	NN
.	.
An	DT
early	JJ
retirement	NN
option	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
before	IN
age	NN
50	CD
with	IN
a	DT
reduced	VBN
benefit	NN
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
RSP	NNP
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
help	VB
you	PRP
accumulate	VBP
capital	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
retirement	NN
by	IN
allowing	VBG
you	PRP
to	TO
voluntarily	RB
save	VB
a	DT
portion	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
pay	NN
on	IN
a	DT
pre-tax	JJ
basis	NN
through	IN
payroll	NN
deduction	NN
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
matches	VBZ
a	DT
portion	NN
,	,
up	RB
to	TO
3	CD
percent	NN
,	,
of	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
you	PRP
save	VBP
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
investment	NN
options	NNS
available	JJ
and	CC
your	PRP$
contribution	NN
rate	NN
may	MD
be	VB
changed	VBN
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
.	.
The	DT
annual	JJ
maximum	NN
tax	NN
deferred	VBN
savings	NNS
limit	NN
is	VBZ
currently	RB
$	$
15,500	CD
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
age	NN
50	CD
provision	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
additional	JJ
$	$
5,000	CD
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
investment	NN
earnings	NNS
credited	VBD
to	TO
your	PRP$
account	NN
accumulate	VBP
tax-free	JJ
until	IN
you	PRP
receive	VBP
a	DT
distribution	NN
.	.
This	DT
plan	NN
is	VBZ
governed	VBN
by	IN
Sec	NNP
.	.
457	CD
of	IN
the	DT
IRS	NNP
Code	NNP
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
provides	VBZ
partial	JJ
income	NN
protection	NN
to	TO
employees	NNS
when	WRB
they	PRP
become	VBP
ill	JJ
or	CC
disabled	JJ
until	IN
age	NN
65	CD
or	CC
older	JJR
depending	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
age	NN
at	IN
which	WDT
the	DT
disability	NN
occurred	VBD
.	.
Our	PRP$
LTD	NNP
plan	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
integrate	VB
with	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
leave	NN
programs	NNS
,	,
workers	NNS
'	POS
compensation	NN
,	,
retirement	NN
and	CC
social	JJ
security	NN
benefits	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
provides	VBZ
,	,
at	IN
no	DT
cost	NN
to	TO
the	DT
employee	NN
,	,
the	DT
normal	JJ
90-day	JJ
waiting	VBG
period	NN
before	IN
benefits	NNS
become	VBP
available	JJ
.	.
Employees	NNS
may	MD
elect	VB
shorter	JJR
waiting	VBG
periods	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
60	CD
and	CC
30	CD
days	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
at	IN
a	DT
reasonable	JJ
additional	JJ
cost	NN
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
provides	VBZ
benefits	NNS
to	TO
your	PRP$
survivors	NNS
if	IN
you	PRP
die	VBP
on	IN
or	CC
off	IN
the	DT
job	NN
from	IN
accidental	JJ
or	CC
natural	JJ
causes	NNS
.	.
These	DT
benefits	NNS
supplement	VBP
your	PRP$
own	JJ
personal	JJ
life	NN
insurance	NN
program	NN
.	.
You	PRP
and	CC
the	DT
Authority	NNP
share	NN
the	DT
cost	NN
for	IN
basic	JJ
life	NN
insurance	NN
.	.
Supplemental	NNP
and	CC
Dependent	NNP
coverage	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
available	JJ
at	IN
reasonable	JJ
cost	NN
to	TO
the	DT
employee	NN
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
offers	VBZ
most	RBS
new	JJ
employees	NNS
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
accrue	VB
annual	JJ
and	CC
sick	JJ
leave	NN
for	IN
their	PRP$
personal	JJ
use	NN
during	IN
the	DT
course	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
employment	NN
.	.
Within	IN
specific	JJ
guidelines	NNS
,	,
employees	NNS
may	MD
use	VB
their	PRP$
leave	NN
for	IN
events	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
vacations	NNS
,	,
illness	NN
or	CC
injury	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
care	VB
for	IN
family	NN
members	NNS
.	.
We	PRP
observe	VBP
10	CD
Federal	JJ
holidays	NNS
each	DT
year	NN
.	.
Lastly	RB
,	,
the	DT
Authority	NNP
provides	VBZ
leave	NN
for	IN
an	DT
on-the-job	JJ
injury	NN
or	CC
illness	NN
,	,
administers	VBZ
a	DT
donated	VBN
leave	NN
program	NN
,	,
and	CC
provides	VBZ
for	IN
court	NN
and	CC
military	JJ
Leave	VB
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
manages	VBZ
all	DT
programs	NNS
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Family	NNP
and	CC
Medical	NNP
Leave	VB
Act	NNP
of	IN
1993	CD
.	.
An	DT
FSA	NNP
enables	VBZ
you	PRP
to	TO
save	VB
money	NN
on	IN
certain	JJ
health	NN
care	NN
and	CC
dependent	JJ
care	NN
costs	NNS
by	IN
paying	VBG
for	IN
eligible	NN
expenses	NNS
with	IN
pre-tax	JJ
dollars	NNS
.	.
Since	IN
your	PRP$
contributions	NNS
are	VBP
deducted	VBN
from	IN
your	PRP$
paycheck	NN
before	IN
taxes	NNS
,	,
your	PRP$
taxable	JJ
income	NN
is	VBZ
actually	RB
lowered	VBN
.	.
This	DT
means	VBZ
that	IN
you	PRP
pay	VBP
fewer	JJR
income	NN
taxes	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
more	JJR
money	NN
to	TO
spend	VB
!	.
The	DT
maximum	NN
you	PRP
may	MD
defer	VB
each	DT
year	NN
is	VBZ
$	$
2,500	CD
for	IN
health	NN
care	NN
expenses	NNS
and	CC
$	$
5,000	CD
for	IN
dependent	JJ
care	NN
expenses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
offers	VBZ
direct	JJ
deposit	NN
reimbursement	NN
and	CC
account	NN
management	NN
services	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
plans	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
programs	NNS
-	:
health	NN
and	CC
life	NN
insurance	NN
,	,
retirement	NN
and	CC
retirement	NN
savings	NNS
,	,
long	JJ
term	NN
disability	NN
,	,
leave	VBP
programs	NNS
,	,
flexible	JJ
spending	NN
accounts	NNS
tuition	NN
assistance	NN
,	,
metropool	NN
subsidies	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
miscellaneous	JJ
benefits	NNS
add	VBP
up	RP
to	TO
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
and	CC
generous	JJ
benefits	NNS
package	NN
.	.
Positions	NNS
Currently	RB
Open	NNP
The	NNP
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
operates	VBZ
a	DT
two-airport	JJ
system	NN
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
domestic	JJ
and	CC
international	JJ
air	NN
service	NN
for	IN
the	DT
mid-Atlantic	JJ
region	NN
.	.
The	DT
organization	NN
consists	VBZ
of	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
1,300	CD
employees	NNS
in	IN
a	DT
structure	NN
that	WDT
includes	VBZ
central	JJ
administration	NN
,	,
airports	NNS
management	NN
and	CC
operations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
police	NN
and	CC
fire	NN
departments	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
operating	VBG
Ronald	NNP
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
and	CC
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airports	NNPS
,	,
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
capital	NN
improvements	NNS
at	IN
both	DT
airports	NNS
.	.
The	DT
department	NN
maintains	VBZ
a	DT
highly	RB
trained	VBN
workforce	NN
through	IN
daily	JJ
in-station	NN
and	CC
out-of-agency	NN
training	NN
.	.
The	DT
department	NN
also	RB
participates	VBZ
in	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Fire	NNP
Protection	NNP
Association	NNP
Professional	NNP
Firefighter	NNP
Qualifications	NNPS
Certification	NNP
Program	NNP
through	IN
the	DT
Commonwealth	NNP
of	IN
Virginia	NNP
,	,
Department	NNP
of	IN
Fire	NNP
Programs	NNP
.	.
All	DT
personnel	NNS
are	VBP
certified	VBN
Emergency	NNP
Medical	NNP
Technicians	NNPS
through	IN
the	DT
Commonwealth	NNP
of	IN
Virginia	NNP
.	.
I	PRP
encourage	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
consider	VB
a	DT
career	NN
as	IN
a	DT
firefighter	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
Fire	NNP
&	CC
Rescue	NN
Department	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
seek	VBP
highly	RB
qualified	VBN
individuals	NNS
who	WP
wish	VBP
to	TO
use	VB
their	PRP$
training	NN
and	CC
expertise	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
best	JJS
services	NNS
possible	JJ
to	TO
our	PRP$
airport	NN
communities	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
flying	VBG
public	NN
.	.
One	CD
year	NN
of	IN
experience	NN
in	IN
the	DT
control	NN
and	CC
extinguishment	NN
of	IN
fires	NNS
as	IN
an	DT
active	JJ
and	CC
regular	JJ
member	NN
of	IN
an	DT
organized	VBN
fire	NN
department	NN
.	.
The	DT
one-year	JJ
of	IN
experience	NN
will	MD
be	VB
credited	VBN
against	IN
an	DT
average	NN
of	IN
56	CD
hours	NNS
per	IN
week	NN
or	CC
2912	CD
hours	NNS
per	IN
year	NN
.	.
To	TO
be	VB
creditable	JJ
,	,
volunteer	NN
experience	NN
must	MD
have	VB
included	VBN
regular	JJ
attendance	NN
at	IN
regularly	RB
scheduled	VBN
training	NN
sessions	NNS
and	CC
must	MD
also	RB
have	VB
included	VBN
regular	JJ
and	CC
actual	JJ
participation	NN
in	IN
fighting	VBG
fires	NNS
.	.
Candidates	NNS
must	MD
provide	VB
a	DT
copy	NN
of	IN
current	JJ
valid	JJ
driver	NN
's	POS
license	NN
from	IN
state	NN
of	IN
residence	NN
at	IN
time	NN
of	IN
interview	NN
.	.
-LRB-	-LRB-
Note	NN
:	:
Maryland	NNP
residents	NNS
must	MD
have	VB
Class	NN
`	``
B	NNP
'	''
endorsement	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
Candidates	NNPS
are	VBP
also	RB
subject	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
job	NN
knowledge	NN
test	NN
,	,
an	DT
oral	JJ
interview	NN
,	,
a	DT
physical	JJ
agility	NN
test	NN
,	,
a	DT
thorough	JJ
background	NN
investigation	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
to	TO
include	VB
a	DT
full	JJ
employment	NN
history	NN
check	NN
;	:
a	DT
credit	NN
check	NN
;	:
a	DT
criminal	JJ
history	NN
check	NN
;	:
and	CC
a	DT
driving	NN
record	NN
check	NN
.	.
A	DT
pre-employment	JJ
medical	JJ
examination	NN
,	,
to	TO
include	VB
drug	NN
testing	NN
,	,
will	MD
be	VB
performed	VBN
.	.
Employees	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
assigned	VBN
to	TO
one	CD
of	IN
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
24-hour	JJ
-RRB-	-RRB-
shifts	NNS
working	VBG
an	DT
average	JJ
56-hour	JJ
work	NN
week	NN
.	.
Employees	NNS
must	MD
pass	VB
annual	JJ
medical	JJ
testing	NN
criteria	NNS
.	.
Once	RB
hired	VBN
,	,
the	DT
Firefighter	NNP
Medic	NNP
must	MD
be	VB
accepted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
Occupational	NNP
Medical	NNP
Director	NNP
for	IN
independent	JJ
practice	NN
as	IN
a	DT
Firefighter	NNP
Medic	NNP
within	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
year	NN
of	IN
employment	NN
.	.
Failure	NN
to	TO
maintain	VB
required	JJ
certifications	NNS
,	,
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
proper	JJ
procedures	NNS
,	,
will	MD
result	VB
in	IN
removal	NN
from	IN
the	DT
position	NN
.	.
Employees	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
assigned	VBN
to	TO
one	CD
of	IN
three	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
24	CD
hour	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
shifts	NNS
working	VBG
an	DT
average	JJ
56-hour	JJ
work	NN
week	NN
.	.
Employees	NNS
must	MD
pass	VB
annual	JJ
medical	JJ
testing	NN
criteria	NNS
.	.
Firefighter	NNP
Medic	NNP
employees	NNS
must	MD
maintain	VB
a	DT
performance	NN
level	NN
fully	RB
acceptable	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
Operational	NNP
Medical	NNP
Director	NNP
's	POS
established	VBN
standards	NNS
of	IN
proficiency	NN
and	CC
competence	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
function	VB
under	IN
his\/her	JJ
medical	JJ
auspices	NNS
.	.
Failure	NN
to	TO
maintain	VB
a	DT
satisfactory	JJ
performance	NN
level	NN
may	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
cause	NN
for	IN
termination	NN
or	CC
demotion	NN
,	,
under	IN
proper	JJ
procedures	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Public	NNP
Safety	NNP
is	VBZ
committed	VBN
to	TO
providing	VBG
a	DT
safe	JJ
and	CC
secure	JJ
environment	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
airports	NNS
community	NN
through	IN
organized	VBN
response	NN
to	TO
emergency	NN
situations	NNS
and	CC
proactive	JJ
education	NN
and	CC
prevention	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
Public	NNP
Safety	NNP
provides	VBZ
a	DT
broad	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
programs	NNS
to	TO
protect	VB
the	DT
airports	NNS
community	NN
from	IN
the	DT
adverse	JJ
effects	NNS
of	IN
crime	NN
,	,
fire	NN
,	,
sudden	JJ
medical	JJ
emergency	NN
or	CC
exposure	NN
to	TO
dangerous	JJ
conditions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Office	NNP
of	IN
Public	NNP
Safety	NNP
shall	MD
accomplish	VB
its	PRP$
mission	NN
by	IN
providing	VBG
an	DT
organization	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
attuned	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
airports	NNS
,	,
by	IN
training	VBG
its	PRP$
personnel	NNS
to	TO
continuously	RB
improve	VB
efficiency	NN
,	,
by	IN
allocating	VBG
personnel	NNS
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
workload	NN
demands	NNS
and	CC
by	IN
using	VBG
the	DT
latest	JJS
technologies	NNS
available	JJ
to	TO
Public	NNP
Safety	NNP
providers	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
Police	NNP
Department	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
full	JJ
service	NN
law	NN
enforcement	NN
agency	NN
with	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
responsibility	NN
as	IN
a	DT
county	NN
or	CC
municipal	JJ
police	NN
agency	NN
to	TO
enforce	VB
the	DT
laws	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Commonwealth	NNP
of	IN
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Authority	NNP
Police	NNP
also	RB
enforce	VBP
Federal	NNP
Regulations	NNPS
pertaining	VBG
to	TO
airport	NN
operations	NNS
.	.
Authority	NNP
Police	NNP
serve	VB
as	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
professional	JJ
law	NN
enforcement	NN
contact	NN
to	TO
the	DT
traveling	VBG
public	NN
.	.
Our	PRP$
patrons	NNS
come	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
Nation	NN
's	POS
Capitol	NNP
from	IN
all	DT
over	IN
the	DT
world	NN
.	.
The	DT
image	NN
our	PRP$
police	NN
project	NN
speaks	VBZ
volumes	NNS
about	IN
our	PRP$
country	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
a	DT
responsibility	NN
we	PRP
accept	VBP
with	IN
pride	NN
.	.
Commercial	JJ
Photography	NNP
\/	NNP
Filming	NNP
Procedures	NNP
Due	NNP
to	TO
increasing	VBG
demand	NN
for	IN
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
Authority	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
facilities	NNS
as	IN
a	DT
location	NN
or	CC
background	NN
for	IN
commercial	JJ
photography	NN
or	CC
video	NN
,	,
motion	NN
picture	NN
,	,
and	CC
television	NN
filming	VBG
,	,
the	DT
Authority	NNP
has	VBZ
established	VBN
fees	NNS
for	IN
these	DT
activities	NNS
to	TO
recover	VB
associated	VBN
costs	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
has	VBZ
established	VBN
policies	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
insurance	NN
,	,
``	``
hold	VBP
harmless	JJ
''	''
agreements	NNS
,	,
and	CC
security	NN
that	WDT
are	VBP
a	DT
prerequisite	NN
for	IN
obtaining	VBG
permission	NN
for	IN
filming	VBG
and	CC
photography	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
See	VB
data	NNS
showing	VBG
aircraft	NN
operations	NNS
,	,
passengers	NNS
,	,
mail	NN
,	,
and	CC
freight	NN
statistics	NNS
for	IN
every	DT
year	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
's	POS
history	NN
.	.
This	DT
page	NN
also	RB
has	VBZ
links	NNS
to	TO
more	RBR
detailed	JJ
passenger	NN
and	CC
operational	JJ
data	NNS
for	IN
every	DT
month	NN
and	CC
year	NN
dating	VBG
back	RB
to	TO
2000	CD
.	.
Dulles	NNP
Environmental	NNP
Studies	NNPS
The	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Airports	NNP
Authority	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
currently	RB
undertaking	VBG
a	DT
capital	NN
improvement	NN
program	NN
,	,
called	VBN
d2	NN
,	,
to	TO
provide	VB
new	JJ
facilities	NNS
and	CC
replace	VB
and	CC
upgrade	VB
existing	VBG
aircraft	NN
,	,
passenger	NN
,	,
and	CC
support	NN
facilities	NNS
at	IN
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
Several	JJ
separate	JJ
studies	NNS
look	VBP
at	IN
the	DT
potential	JJ
environmental	JJ
impacts	NNS
of	IN
three	CD
major	JJ
proposed	VBN
project	NN
groups	NNS
:	:
1	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
a	DT
new	JJ
concourse	NN
,	,
a	DT
new	JJ
airport	NN
passenger	NN
train	NN
system	NN
,	,
and	CC
associated	VBN
projects	NNS
that	WDT
will	MD
replace	VB
the	DT
existing	VBG
Concourse	NNP
C\/D	NNP
complex	NN
and	CC
the	DT
mobile	JJ
lounge	NN
shuttles	NNS
;	:
2	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
a	DT
replacement	NN
,	,
modernized	VBN
airport	NN
traffic	NN
control	NN
tower	NN
;	:
3	LS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
two	CD
new	JJ
runways	NNS
and	CC
associated	VBN
projects	NNS
.	.
The	DT
studies	NNS
are	VBP
prepared	VBN
in	IN
compliance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Environmental	NNP
Policy	NNP
Act	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NEPA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
1969	CD
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
,	,
the	DT
regulations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
President	NNP
's	POS
Council	NNP
on	IN
Environmental	NNP
Quality	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
CEQ	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
for	IN
NEPA	NNP
compliance	NN
,	,
and	CC
Federal	NNP
Aviation	NNP
Administration	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FAA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
Orders	NNS
1050.1	CD
E	NN
and	CC
5050.4	CD
A.	NN
NEPA	NNP
requires	VBZ
federal	JJ
agencies	NNS
to	TO
consider	VB
a	DT
wide	JJ
array	NN
of	IN
potential	JJ
environmental	JJ
effects	NNS
when	WRB
proposing	VBG
actions	NNS
including	VBG
:	:
noise	NN
;	:
compatible	JJ
land	NN
use	NN
;	:
social	JJ
and	CC
socioeconomic	JJ
characteristics	NNS
;	:
air	NN
quality	NN
;	:
water	NN
quality	NN
;	:
geology	NN
and	CC
soils	NNS
;	:
historic	JJ
,	,
architectural	JJ
,	,
archaeological	JJ
,	,
and	CC
cultural	JJ
resources	NNS
;	:
biotic	JJ
communities	NNS
;	:
endangered	VBN
and	CC
threatened	VBN
species	NNS
;	:
wetlands	NNS
;	:
floodplains	NNS
;	:
coastal	JJ
zone	NN
management	NN
;	:
coastal	JJ
barriers	NNS
;	:
wild	JJ
and	CC
scenic	JJ
rivers	NNS
;	:
prime	JJ
and	CC
unique	JJ
farmland	NN
;	:
energy	NN
;	:
light	NN
emissions	NNS
;	:
visual	JJ
aesthetics	NNS
;	:
solid	JJ
waste	NN
,	,
hazardous	JJ
waste	NN
,	,
and	CC
pollution	NN
prevention	NN
;	:
and	CC
design	NN
,	,
art	NN
,	,
and	CC
architecture	NN
.	.
These	DT
studies	NNS
are	VBP
decision-making	JJ
tools	NNS
that	WDT
analyze	VBP
the	DT
potential	JJ
environmental	JJ
effects	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
proposed	VBN
action	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
alternatives	NNS
and	CC
provide	VB
a	DT
forum	NN
to	TO
address	VB
both	DT
regulatory	JJ
and	CC
public	JJ
concerns	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Tier	NNP
2	CD
Concourse	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
major	JJ
component	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Proposed	NNP
Action	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Build	NNP
Alternative	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
new	JJ
concourse	NN
will	MD
replace	VB
the	DT
existing	VBG
Concourse	NNP
C\/D	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
has	VBZ
neither	CC
the	DT
necessary	JJ
space	NN
nor	CC
appropriate	JJ
updated	VBN
passenger	NN
amenities	NNS
to	TO
serve	VB
present-day	JJ
or	CC
future	JJ
needs	NNS
of	IN
United	NNP
Airlines	NNPS
,	,
the	DT
largest	JJS
airline	NN
at	IN
IAD	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
principal	JJ
tenant	NN
on	IN
the	DT
existing	VBG
Concourse	NNP
C\/D	NNP
.	.
The	DT
project	NN
will	MD
consist	VB
of	IN
the	DT
construction	NN
of	IN
a	DT
permanent	JJ
midfield	NN
concourse	NN
south	RB
of	IN
the	DT
existing	VBG
Concourse	NNP
C\/D	NNP
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
a	DT
baggage	NN
tunnel	NN
containing	VBG
a	DT
baggage	NN
conveyor	NN
system	NN
,	,
a	DT
tug	NN
tunnel	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
pedestrian	JJ
walkback	NN
tunnel	NN
will	MD
be	VB
constructed	VBN
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Tier	NNP
2	CD
Concourse	NNP
project	NN
.	.
After	IN
completion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
concourse	NN
,	,
existing	VBG
Concourse	NNP
C\/D	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
demolished	VBN
.	.
Another	DT
major	JJ
project	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
part	NN
of	IN
this	DT
study	NN
includes	VBZ
the	DT
construction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Automated	NNP
People	NNPS
Mover	NNP
System	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
APM	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
APM	NNP
system	NN
project	NN
will	MD
consist	VB
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
underground	JJ
train	NN
system	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
connect	VB
the	DT
midfield	NN
concourses	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
.	.
The	DT
train	NN
system	NN
will	MD
be	VB
electric-powered	JJ
and	CC
will	MD
substantially	RB
reduce	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
existing	VBG
Mobile	NNP
Lounge	NNP
service	NN
.	.
The	DT
project	NN
will	MD
include	VB
6	CD
miles	NNS
of	IN
tunnels	NNS
,	,
eight	CD
stations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
connections	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
,	,
to	TO
the	DT
concourses	NNS
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
a	DT
maintenance	NN
facility	NN
.	.
Two	CD
separate	JJ
APM	NNP
systems	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
constructed	VBN
:	:
one	CD
for	IN
domestic	JJ
passengers	NNS
and	CC
one	CD
for	IN
arriving	VBG
international	JJ
passengers	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
take	VB
a	DT
moment	NN
to	TO
review	VB
the	DT
website	NN
to	TO
learn	VB
the	DT
latest	JJS
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
study	NN
including	VBG
a	DT
summary	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Public	NNP
Hearings	NNS
held	VBN
in	IN
February	NNP
2005	CD
,	,
the	DT
EIS	NNP
process	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
Final	NNP
Environmental	NNP
Impact	NNP
Statement	NNP
.	.
The	DT
study	NN
team	NN
appreciates	VBZ
all	PDT
the	DT
citizens	NNS
and	CC
agencies	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
participated	VBN
throughout	IN
this	DT
process	NN
.	.
All	DT
of	IN
your	PRP$
comments	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
reviewed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
team	NN
,	,
summarized	VBN
,	,
and	CC
included	VBD
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
record	NN
.	.
The	DT
study	NN
team	NN
's	POS
responses	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
summarized	VBN
questions	NNS
and	CC
comments	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
detailed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Final	NNP
Environmental	NNP
Impact	NNP
Statement	NNP
.	.
The	DT
array	NN
of	IN
shopping	NN
and	CC
dining	NN
opportunities	NNS
offered	VBN
at	IN
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
includes	VBZ
nearly	RB
100	CD
privately-owned	JJ
and	CC
operated	VBD
food	NN
and	CC
retail	JJ
shops	NNS
located	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
's	POS
concourse	NN
buildings	NNS
.	.
Many	JJ
nationally	RB
and	CC
internationally	RB
recognized	VBN
brands	NNS
operate	VBP
at	IN
Dulles	NNP
.	.
Concourse	NNP
B	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
centerpiece	NN
of	IN
the	DT
retail	JJ
program	NN
,	,
featuring	VBG
13,000	CD
square	JJ
feet	NNS
of	IN
retail	JJ
space	NN
.	.
In	IN
all	DT
,	,
the	DT
retail	JJ
and	CC
restaurant	NN
program	NN
occupies	VBZ
more	JJR
than	IN
50,000	CD
square	JJ
feet	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
.	.
An	DT
airport-wide	JJ
Food	NNP
Redevelopment	NNP
Program	NNP
began	VBD
in	IN
2005	CD
to	TO
address	VB
the	DT
changing	VBG
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
traveling	VBG
public	NN
.	.
The	DT
shopping	NN
and	CC
dining	NN
concessions	NNS
at	IN
Dulles	NNP
Airport	NNP
are	VBP
managed	VBN
by	IN
Westfield	NNP
Concession	NNP
Management	NNP
,	,
Inc.	NNP
To	TO
confirm	VB
information	NN
,	,
call	VBP
the	DT
airline	NN
or	CC
check	VB
the	DT
airline	NN
's	POS
website	NN
for	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
up-to-date	JJ
flight	NN
arrival	NN
and	CC
departure	NN
times	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Airport	NNP
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
and	CC
Concourses	NNP
also	RB
have	VBP
flight	NN
display	NN
boards	NNS
.	.
The	DT
airlines	NNS
have	VBP
gates	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
and	CC
midfield	NN
Concourses	NNS
.	.
Passengers	NNS
arriving	VBG
on	IN
international	JJ
flights	NNS
are	VBP
transported	VBN
by	IN
mobile	JJ
lounges	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
airplane	NN
to	TO
the	DT
International	NNP
Arrivals	NNPS
Building	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
IAB	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
located	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
lower	JJR
level	NN
at	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
.	.
The	DT
construction	NN
currently	RB
underway	JJ
at	IN
Dulles	NNP
is	VBZ
part	NN
of	IN
a	DT
major	JJ
capital	NN
investment	NN
program	NN
known	VBN
as	IN
Dulles	NNP
Development	NNP
,	,
or	CC
D2	NNP
.	.
The	DT
program	NN
was	VBD
approved	VBN
in	IN
2000	CD
by	IN
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
to	TO
enable	VB
the	DT
Airport	NNP
to	TO
keep	VB
pace	NN
with	IN
air	NN
service	NN
growth	NN
and	CC
accommodate	VB
the	DT
future	JJ
traveling	VBG
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Washington	NNP
region	NN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
federal	JJ
government	NN
operated	VBD
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
and	CC
Dulles	NNP
prior	RB
to	TO
1987	CD
,	,
both	DT
Airports	NNS
had	VBD
Washington	NNP
,	,
D.C.	NNP
postal	JJ
addresses	NNS
.	.
To	TO
help	VB
identify	VB
the	DT
service	NN
area	NN
more	RBR
easily	RB
for	IN
travelers	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
did	VBD
not	RB
change	VB
the	DT
postal	JJ
addresses	NNS
.	.
Or	CC
,	,
for	IN
door-to-door	JJ
directions	NNS
using	VBG
an	DT
internet	NN
mapping	NN
website	NN
,	,
enter	VBP
``	``
IAD	NNP
''	''
or	CC
``	``
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
''	''
as	IN
your	PRP$
destination	NN
.	.
Some	DT
websites	NNS
allow	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
select	VB
from	IN
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
airports	NNS
since	IN
the	DT
address	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
commonly	RB
known	VBN
.	.
According	VBG
to	TO
Transportation	NNP
Security	NNP
Administration	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
TSA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
security	NN
measures	NNS
,	,
only	RB
ticketed	VBD
passengers	NNS
or	CC
authorized	VBN
personnel	NNS
are	VBP
allowed	VBN
through	IN
security	NN
checkpoints	NNS
.	.
Special	JJ
arrangements	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
with	IN
your	PRP$
airline	NN
for	IN
accompanying	VBG
children	NNS
or	CC
others	NNS
needing	VBG
assistance	NN
to	TO
get	VB
to	TO
the	DT
gate	NN
.	.
Please	VB
check	VB
with	IN
your	PRP$
airline	NN
for	IN
details	NNS
.	.
Passengers	NNS
are	VBP
generally	RB
urged	VBN
to	TO
arrive	VB
1	CD
to	TO
2	CD
hours	NNS
before	IN
domestic	JJ
flights	NNS
,	,
and	CC
2	CD
to	TO
3	CD
hours	NNS
before	IN
international	JJ
flights	NNS
to	TO
allow	VB
time	NN
to	TO
get	VB
through	IN
airline	NN
ticketing	VBG
and	CC
security	NN
.	.
Contact	NN
your	PRP$
airline	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
specific	JJ
instructions	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
clear	VB
customs	NNS
at	IN
Dulles	NNP
before	IN
transferring	VBG
to	TO
another	DT
flight	NN
.	.
Only	RB
after	IN
you	PRP
collect	VBP
your	PRP$
baggage	NN
and	CC
clear	JJ
customs	NNS
will	MD
you	PRP
be	VB
allowed	VBN
to	TO
make	VB
your	PRP$
connection	NN
.	.
Passengers	NNS
arriving	VBG
from	IN
Canada	NNP
may	MD
have	VB
the	DT
option	NN
to	TO
pre-clear	VB
customs	NNS
;	:
check	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
airline	NN
to	TO
see	VB
if	IN
this	DT
option	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
.	.
The	DT
Transportation	NNP
Security	NNP
Administration	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
TSA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
prohibits	VBZ
weapons	NNS
,	,
explosives	NNS
,	,
and	CC
incendiaries	NNS
.	.
Other	JJ
items	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
seem	VB
harmless	JJ
but	CC
may	MD
be	VB
used	VBN
as	IN
weapons	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
prohibited	VBN
.	.
Visit	NN
www.tsa.gov	NN
for	IN
guidance	NN
.	.
All	DT
electronic	JJ
items	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
laptop	NN
computers	NNS
,	,
cell	NN
phones	NNS
,	,
pagers	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
subjected	VBN
to	TO
additional	JJ
screening	NN
.	.
Be	VB
prepared	JJ
to	TO
remove	VB
your	PRP$
laptop	NN
from	IN
its	PRP$
travel	NN
case	NN
so	RB
that	IN
both	DT
can	MD
be	VB
screened	VBN
separately	RB
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
be	VB
prepared	VBN
to	TO
turn	VB
on	RP
all	DT
electronic	JJ
devices	NNS
for	IN
screeners	NNS
.	.
All	DT
lighters	NNS
are	VBP
prohibited	VBN
as	IN
carry-on	JJ
items	NNS
.	.
Lighters	NNS
without	IN
fuel	NN
are	VBP
permitted	VBN
in	IN
checked	VBN
baggage	NN
,	,
but	CC
lighters	NNS
with	IN
fuel	NN
are	VBP
prohibited	VBN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
uncertain	JJ
as	IN
to	TO
whether	IN
your	PRP$
lighter	JJR
is	VBZ
prohibited	VBN
,	,
please	VB
do	VB
not	RB
bring	VB
it	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
Airport	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
subject	JJ
to	TO
random	JJ
security	NN
checks	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
are	VBP
regulated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Transportation	NNP
Security	NNP
Administration	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
TSA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
These	DT
are	VBP
strictly	RB
random	JJ
and	CC
,	,
according	VBG
to	TO
code	VB
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
have	VB
your	PRP$
carry-on	JJ
items	NNS
available	JJ
for	IN
more	JJR
detailed	JJ
inspection	NN
.	.
Note	NN
:	:
Increased	VBN
TSA	NNP
security	NN
measures	NNS
are	VBP
in	IN
place	NN
and	CC
passengers	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
have	VB
a	DT
government	NN
issued	VBD
photo	NN
ID	NNP
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
driver	NN
's	POS
license	NN
or	CC
current	JJ
passport	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
expedite	VB
clearing	VBG
security	NN
by	IN
having	VBG
your	PRP$
boarding	VBG
pass	NN
and	CC
photo	NN
ID	NNP
readily	RB
available	JJ
prior	RB
to	TO
entering	VBG
the	DT
security	NN
screening	NN
areas	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
note	NN
that	IN
Transportation	NNP
Security	NNP
Administration	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
TSA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
security	NN
measures	NNS
require	VBP
screening	NN
of	IN
all	DT
carry-on	JJ
luggage	NN
.	.
Passengers	NNS
are	VBP
urged	VBN
to	TO
leave	VB
any	DT
sharp	JJ
objects	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
pocket	NN
knives	NNS
,	,
scissors	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
at	IN
home	NN
or	CC
in	IN
their	PRP$
luggage	NN
checked	VBD
in	IN
at	IN
the	DT
ticket	NN
counter	NN
.	.
Foreign	JJ
currency	NN
exchange	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
Business	NNP
Service	NNP
Centers	NNPS
at	IN
the	DT
east	JJ
and	CC
west	NN
ends	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
ticketing	VBG
level	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
and	CC
in	IN
Concourses	NNP
B	NNP
,	,
C	NNP
and	CC
D.	NNP
There	EX
are	VBP
also	RB
two	CD
Thomas	NNP
Cook	NNP
Foreign	NNP
Exchanges	NNP
in	IN
Concourse	NNP
C	NNP
and	CC
one	CD
in	IN
Concourse	NNP
D.	NNP
Hours	NNS
of	IN
operation	NN
at	IN
each	DT
location	NN
vary	VBP
,	,
but	CC
range	NN
from	IN
7	CD
a.m.	NN
until	IN
9	CD
p.m.	NN
Although	IN
Washington	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
now	RB
Ronald	NNP
Reagan	NNP
Washington	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
had	VBD
been	VBN
open	JJ
only	RB
since	IN
1941	CD
,	,
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
a	DT
second	JJ
airport	NN
to	TO
serve	VB
the	DT
National	NNP
Capital	NNP
Area	NNP
had	VBD
become	VBN
apparent	JJ
shortly	RB
after	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
World	NNP
War	NNP
II	NNP
.	.
To	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
growing	VBG
demand	NN
for	IN
airport	NN
capacity	NN
,	,
Congress	NNP
passed	VBD
the	DT
second	JJ
Washington	NNP
Airport	NNP
Act	NNP
of	IN
1950	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
and	CC
amended	VBD
it	PRP
further	RBR
in	IN
1958	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
to	TO
provide	VB
for	IN
''	''
...	:
the	DT
construction	NN
,	,
protection	NN
,	,
operation	NN
,	,
and	CC
maintenance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
airport	NN
in	IN
or	CC
in	IN
the	DT
vicinity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
District	NNP
of	IN
Columbia	NNP
.	.
''	''
After	IN
a	DT
thorough	JJ
study	NN
of	IN
many	JJ
possible	JJ
locations	NNS
around	IN
the	DT
region	NN
,	,
a	DT
10,000	CD
acre	NN
site	NN
,	,
26	CD
miles	NNS
west	RB
of	IN
Washington	NNP
,	,
D.C.	NNP
,	,
was	VBD
selected	VBN
by	IN
President	NNP
Dwight	NNP
Eisenhower	NNP
in	IN
1958	CD
.	.
The	DT
site	NN
,	,
located	VBN
in	IN
Fairfax	NNP
and	CC
Loudoun	NNP
Counties	NNPS
in	IN
Virginia	NNP
,	,
was	VBD
surrounded	VBN
by	IN
open	JJ
farmland	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
far	RB
enough	RB
from	IN
other	JJ
airports	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
adequate	JJ
airspace	NN
for	IN
arriving	VBG
and	CC
departing	VBG
flights	NNS
.	.
The	DT
immense	JJ
size	NN
of	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
site	NN
allowed	VBN
for	IN
an	DT
airport	NN
,	,
the	DT
first	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
country	NN
designed	VBN
for	IN
commercial	JJ
jets	NNS
,	,
to	TO
be	VB
buffered	VBN
from	IN
its	PRP$
neighbors	NNS
.	.
Only	RB
3,000	CD
acres	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
10,000	CD
acres	NNS
were	VBD
graded	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
airport	NN
and	CC
boundaries	NNS
were	VBD
established	VBN
at	IN
least	JJS
8,000	CD
feet	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
end	NN
of	IN
all	DT
runways	NNS
.	.
This	DT
planning	NN
,	,
in	IN
conjunction	NN
with	IN
the	DT
actions	NNS
of	IN
local	JJ
governments	NNS
to	TO
properly	RB
zone	NN
the	DT
land	NN
around	IN
the	DT
site	NN
,	,
helped	VBD
the	DT
new	JJ
airport	NN
to	TO
be	VB
a	DT
good	JJ
neighbor	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Virginia	NNP
countryside	NN
.	.
In	IN
May	NNP
1958	CD
,	,
the	DT
engineering	NN
firm	NN
of	IN
Ammann	NNP
and	CC
Whitney	NNP
of	IN
New	NNP
York	NNP
was	VBD
selected	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Civil	JJ
Aeronautics	NNP
Administration	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
forerunner	NN
of	IN
today	NN
's	POS
Federal	NNP
Aviation	NNP
Administration	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
as	IN
the	DT
prime	JJ
contractor	NN
for	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
planning	NN
,	,
design	NN
,	,
and	CC
construction	NN
supervision	NN
.	.
Other	JJ
professional	JJ
firms	NNS
associated	VBN
with	IN
Ammann	NNP
and	CC
Whitney	NNP
included	VBD
:	:
Eero	NNP
Saarinen	NNP
and	CC
Associates	NNPS
of	IN
Hamden	NNP
,	,
Connecticut	NNP
,	,
architect	NN
for	IN
the	DT
design	NN
of	IN
the	DT
terminal	NN
building	NN
,	,
control	NN
tower	NN
,	,
and	CC
service	NN
buildings	NNS
;	:
Burns	NNP
and	CC
McDonnell	NNP
of	IN
Kansas	NNP
City	NNP
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
design	NN
of	IN
the	DT
mechanical	JJ
,	,
electrical	JJ
,	,
and	CC
utility	NN
installations	NNS
;	:
and	CC
Ellery	NNP
Husted	NNP
of	IN
Washington	NNP
,	,
D.C.	NNP
,	,
as	IN
the	DT
master	NN
planning	NN
consultant	NN
.	.
Architect	NN
Eero	NNP
Saarinen	NNP
,	,
wanted	VBD
to	TO
create	VB
something	NN
more	JJR
than	IN
just	RB
another	DT
airport	NN
--	:
he	PRP
wanted	VBD
to	TO
find	VB
``	``
the	DT
soul	NN
of	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
.	.
''	''
He	PRP
designed	VBD
the	DT
terminal	NN
building	NN
and	CC
the	DT
control	NN
tower	NN
in	IN
that	DT
spirit	NN
and	CC
called	VBD
it	PRP
``	``
the	DT
best	JJS
thing	NN
I	PRP
have	VBP
ever	RB
done	VBN
.	.
''	''
The	DT
terminal	NN
building	NN
was	VBD
selected	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
First	JJ
Honor	NNP
Award	NN
by	IN
the	DT
American	NNP
Institute	NNP
of	IN
Architects	NNPS
in	IN
1966	CD
.	.
The	DT
building	NN
of	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
started	VBD
on	IN
September	NNP
2	CD
,	,
1958	CD
,	,
seven	CD
and	CC
a	DT
half	NN
months	NNS
after	IN
the	DT
site	NN
selection	NN
.	.
When	WRB
it	PRP
opened	VBD
four	CD
years	NNS
later	RB
,	,
in	IN
1962	CD
,	,
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airport	NNP
had	VBD
a	DT
strikingly	RB
beautiful	JJ
terminal	NN
building	NN
which	WDT
would	MD
become	VB
a	DT
landmark	NN
to	TO
travelers	NNS
worldwide	NN
.	.
The	DT
terminal	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
compact	JJ
,	,
two-level	JJ
structure	NN
;	:
600	CD
feet	NNS
long	RB
and	CC
200	CD
feet	NNS
wide	JJ
.	.
While	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
built	VBN
without	IN
extensions	NNS
onto	IN
the	DT
airfield	NN
for	IN
aircraft	NN
loading	VBG
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
designed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
expanded	VBN
up	RP
to	TO
320	CD
feet	NNS
at	IN
either	DT
end	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
this	DT
expansion	NN
was	VBD
actually	RB
completed	VBN
34	CD
years	NNS
later	RB
in	IN
1996	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
terminal	NN
was	VBD
``	``
topped	VBN
off	RP
''	''
with	IN
a	DT
distinctive	JJ
193-foot	JJ
high	JJ
,	,
glass-enclosed	JJ
,	,
control	NN
tower	NN
cab	NN
which	WDT
provided	VBD
the	DT
air	NN
traffic	NN
controllers	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
unobstructed	JJ
view	NN
for	IN
many	JJ
miles	NNS
in	IN
all	DT
directions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
concept	NN
that	WDT
made	VBD
the	DT
new	JJ
airport	NN
outstanding	JJ
and	CC
unique	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
passenger	NN
's	POS
view	NN
in	IN
1962	CD
was	VBD
the	DT
specially	RB
designed	VBN
mobile	JJ
lounge	NN
,	,
used	VBN
to	TO
transport	VB
the	DT
passengers	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
terminal	NN
building	NN
and	CC
the	DT
aircraft	NN
parked	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
jet	NN
ramp	NN
mile	NN
away	RB
from	IN
the	DT
terminal	NN
.	.
The	DT
mobile	JJ
lounge	NN
was	VBD
designed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Chrysler	NNP
Corporation	NNP
in	IN
association	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Budd	NNP
Company	NN
.	.
The	DT
mobile	JJ
lounge	NN
was	VBD
constructed	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
54-foot	JJ
long	JJ
,	,
16-foot	JJ
wide	JJ
,	,
17 1\/2	CD
-	:
foot	NN
high	JJ
vehicle	NN
,	,
and	CC
could	MD
carry	VB
102	CD
passengers	NNS
,	,
71	CD
of	IN
them	PRP
seated	VBD
,	,
directly	RB
from	IN
the	DT
terminal	NN
to	TO
the	DT
aircraft	NN
on	IN
the	DT
ramp	NN
.	.
This	DT
protected	VBD
the	DT
passengers	NNS
from	IN
weather	NN
,	,
jet	NN
noise	NN
and	CC
blast	NN
,	,
and	CC
also	RB
eliminated	VBN
long	RB
walking	VBG
distances	NNS
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
mobile	JJ
lounge	NN
,	,
passengers	NNS
had	VBD
to	TO
walk	VB
only	RB
200	CD
feet	NNS
once	IN
they	PRP
entered	VBD
the	DT
terminal	NN
until	IN
they	PRP
were	VBD
seated	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
lounge	NN
for	IN
the	DT
short	JJ
trip	NN
directly	RB
to	TO
their	PRP$
aircraft	NN
.	.
Today	NN
,	,
Dulles	NNP
operates	VBZ
19	CD
mobile	JJ
lounges	NNS
and	CC
30	CD
plane	NN
mates	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
are	VBP
similar	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
lounges	NNS
but	CC
can	MD
transport	VB
passengers	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
terminals	NNS
,	,
directly	RB
onto	IN
the	DT
airplane	NN
by	IN
attaching	VBG
itself	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
aircraft	NN
.	.
As	IN
Dulles	NNP
was	VBD
being	VBG
designed	VBN
,	,
a	DT
complete	JJ
study	NN
was	VBD
made	VBN
of	IN
the	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
adjusting	VBG
plans	NNS
for	IN
future	JJ
state	NN
and	CC
federal	JJ
highways	NNS
so	IN
that	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
would	MD
have	VB
access	NN
to	TO
adequate	JJ
transportation	NN
arteries	NNS
.	.
This	DT
did	VBD
not	RB
prove	VB
feasible	JJ
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
decision	NN
was	VBD
made	VBN
to	TO
construct	VB
an	DT
access	NN
highway	NN
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
development	NN
project	NN
.	.
FAA	NNP
,	,
in	IN
cooperation	NN
with	IN
local	JJ
communities	NNS
,	,
selected	VBN
four	CD
tentative	JJ
routes	NNS
which	WDT
were	VBD
the	DT
subject	NN
of	IN
several	JJ
public	JJ
hearings	NNS
.	.
The	DT
final	JJ
selection	NN
was	VBD
a	DT
16-mile	JJ
route	NN
from	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
to	TO
a	DT
point	NN
near	IN
Falls	NNP
Church	NNP
,	,
Virginia	NNP
,	,
where	WRB
it	PRP
would	MD
be	VB
connected	VBN
at	IN
a	DT
later	JJ
date	NN
to	TO
the	DT
then	RB
proposed	VBN
Interstate	NNP
Route	NNP
66	CD
and	CC
the	DT
Capital	NNP
Beltway	NNP
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
13.5	CD
miles	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
highway	NN
were	VBD
built	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
airport	NN
construction	NN
work	NN
,	,
connecting	VBG
the	DT
airport	NN
to	TO
Routes	NNP
495	CD
-LRB-	-LRB-
the	DT
Capital	NN
Beltway	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
123	CD
near	IN
McLean	NNP
,	,
Virginia	NNP
.	.
Upon	IN
completion	NN
of	IN
I-66	NN
through	IN
Arlington	NNP
,	,
Virginia	NNP
,	,
early	RB
in	IN
1983	CD
,	,
the	DT
Airport	NNP
Access	NNP
Highway	NNP
was	VBD
extended	VBN
the	DT
last	JJ
2.5	CD
miles	NNS
to	TO
connect	VB
directly	RB
with	IN
I-66	NN
.	.
The	DT
soaring	VBG
beauty	NN
of	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
terminal	NN
building	NN
and	CC
the	DT
airport	NN
's	POS
unique	JJ
mobile	JJ
lounge	NN
operations	NNS
,	,
impressed	VBD
the	DT
many	JJ
sightseers	NNS
,	,
travelers	NNS
,	,
foreign	JJ
visitors	NNS
,	,
and	CC
diplomats	NNS
who	WP
came	VBD
to	TO
the	DT
airport	NN
.	.
Dulles	NNP
was	VBD
also	RB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
airports	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
country	NN
to	TO
adopt	VB
the	DT
Accelerated	NNP
Inspection	NNP
System	NNP
where	WRB
representatives	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Customs	NNP
Service	NNP
,	,
U.S.	NNP
Immigration	NNP
and	CC
Naturalization	NNP
Service	NNP
,	,
and	CC
U.S.	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Agriculture	NNP
work	NN
together	RB
to	TO
process	NN
arriving	VBG
international	JJ
passengers	NNS
.	.
During	IN
this	DT
time	NN
,	,
the	DT
airport	NN
underwent	VBD
a	DT
major	JJ
Capital	NNP
Development	NNP
Program	NNP
to	TO
start	VB
to	TO
accommodate	VB
the	DT
growth	NN
.	.
The	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
was	VBD
expanded	VBN
in	IN
1996	CD
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
original	JJ
vision	NN
of	IN
Eero	NNP
Saarinen	NNP
.	.
The	DT
expanded	VBN
terminal	NN
contains	VBZ
1.1	CD
million	CD
square	JJ
feet	NNS
of	IN
floor	NN
space	NN
,	,
measures	VBZ
1,240	CD
feet	NNS
in	IN
length	NN
and	CC
replicates	VBZ
the	DT
curved	JJ
roofline	NN
and	CC
glass	NN
curtainwall	NN
of	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
design	NN
.	.
Passengers	NNS
can	MD
now	RB
benefit	VB
from	IN
the	DT
expanded	VBN
baggage	NN
and	CC
ticketing	VBG
areas	NNS
and	CC
wider	JJR
arrival	NN
and	CC
departure	NN
roadways	NNS
.	.
The	DT
construction	NN
also	RB
added	VBD
a	DT
new	JJ
International	NNP
Arrivals	NNPS
Building	NNP
in	IN
1991	CD
,	,
improved	VBN
flight	NN
and	CC
baggage	NN
information	NN
display	NN
systems	NNS
,	,
new	JJ
roadways	NNS
and	CC
overpasses	NNS
,	,
new	JJ
aircraft	NN
gates	NNS
and	CC
aprons	NNS
for	IN
additional	JJ
aircraft	NN
parking	NN
,	,
and	CC
taxiway	NN
and	CC
runway	NN
improvements	NNS
.	.
Several	JJ
new	JJ
cargo	NN
buildings	NNS
were	VBD
added	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
mid	JJ
1990	CD
's	POS
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
double	JJ
digit	NN
growth	NN
in	IN
cargo	NN
flying	VBG
through	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
Dulles	NNP
increased	VBD
its	PRP$
parking	NN
capacity	NN
by	IN
111	CD
%	NN
in	IN
just	RB
two	CD
years	NNS
and	CC
now	RB
has	VBZ
more	JJR
than	IN
23,000	CD
parking	NN
spaces	NNS
.	.
As	IN
the	DT
21st	CD
Century	NNP
begins	VBZ
,	,
Dulles	NNP
has	VBZ
emerged	VBN
as	IN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
fastest	JJS
growing	VBG
airports	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
world	NN
and	CC
a	DT
major	JJ
East	NNP
Coast	NNP
gateway	NN
for	IN
domestic	JJ
and	CC
international	JJ
travelers	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
cargo	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
The	DT
airport	NN
is	VBZ
achieving	VBG
the	DT
potential	JJ
its	PRP$
planners	NNS
had	VBD
envisioned	VBN
,	,
and	CC
more	RBR
.	.
Dulles	NNP
Airport	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
an	DT
economic	JJ
engine	NN
for	IN
the	DT
surrounding	VBG
communities	NNS
,	,
providing	VBG
over	IN
15,000	CD
direct	JJ
jobs	NNS
and	CC
billions	NNS
of	IN
dollars	NNS
in	IN
business	NN
revenue	NN
.	.
The	DT
``	``
Dulles	NNP
Corridor	NNP
''	''
is	VBZ
now	RB
synonymous	JJ
with	IN
growth	NN
and	CC
future	JJ
potential	NN
for	IN
the	DT
region	NN
.	.
Just	RB
as	IN
it	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
vision	NN
of	IN
Eero	NNP
Saarinen	NNP
that	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
of	IN
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airport	NNP
could	MD
be	VB
expanded	VBN
to	TO
meet	VB
future	JJ
growth	NN
,	,
so	RB
is	VBZ
it	PRP
the	DT
mission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
the	DT
entire	JJ
airport	NN
continues	VBZ
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
growing	VBG
aviation	NN
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
region	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
of	IN
the	DT
year	NN
2000	CD
,	,
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
launched	VBD
the	DT
Dulles	NNP
Development	NNP
Program	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
D2	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
that	WDT
will	MD
take	VB
Dulles	NNP
closer	JJR
to	TO
its	PRP$
full	JJ
potential	NN
.	.
The	DT
Program	NN
includes	VBZ
building	VBG
two	CD
new	JJ
parking	NN
garages	NNS
,	,
a	DT
fourth	JJ
runway	NN
,	,
a	DT
new	JJ
concourse	NN
,	,
a	DT
new	JJ
Air	NNP
Traffic	NNP
Control	NNP
Tower	NNP
,	,
pedestrian	JJ
walkways	NNS
and	CC
an	DT
airport	NN
train	NN
system	NN
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
develop	VB
Dulles	NNP
as	IN
was	VBD
envisioned	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Master	NNP
Plan	NNP
.	.
At	IN
full	JJ
build-out	NN
,	,
Dulles	NNP
will	MD
handle	VB
55	CD
million	CD
passengers	NNS
a	DT
year	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
150,000	CD
a	DT
day	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
become	VB
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
world	NN
's	POS
major	JJ
airports	NNS
.	.
The	DT
story	NN
of	IN
Dulles	NNP
continues	VBZ
to	TO
unfold	VB
as	IN
it	PRP
meets	VBZ
the	DT
passenger	NN
and	CC
cargo	NN
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
21st	JJ
century	NN
.	.
The	DT
Property	NNP
Release	NNP
Form	NN
is	VBZ
stored	VBN
in	IN
Adobe	NNP
Acrobat	NNP
PDF	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
portable	JJ
document	NN
format	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
format	NN
.	.
To	TO
view	VB
and	CC
print	VB
PDF	NNP
files	NNS
you	PRP
must	MD
first	RB
download	VB
and	CC
install	VB
the	DT
free	JJ
Acrobat	NNP
Reader	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
download	VB
the	DT
latest	JJS
version	NN
of	IN
Acrobat	NNP
Reader	NNP
by	IN
clicking	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
Get	VB
Acrobat	NNP
Reader	NNP
icon	NN
here	RB
.	.
Please	VB
advise	VB
the	DT
shipping	NN
company	NN
that	IN
they	PRP
must	MD
complete	VB
the	DT
air	NN
bill	NN
and	CC
provide	VB
the	DT
packaging	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
item	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
the	DT
Airport	NNP
Police	NNP
can	MD
not	RB
.	.
All	DT
arrangements	NNS
and	CC
payments	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
requesting	VBG
party	NN
.	.
The	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
does	VBZ
NOT	RB
pay	VB
for	IN
shipping	NN
.	.
The	DT
Dulles	NNP
Central	NNP
Lost	VBD
and	CC
Found	VBD
will	MD
attempt	VB
to	TO
return	VB
phone	NN
calls	NNS
within	IN
24	CD
hours	NNS
however	RB
,	,
due	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
high	JJ
volume	NN
of	IN
calls	NNS
received	VBN
this	DT
is	VBZ
not	RB
always	RB
possible	JJ
.	.
Calls	NNS
are	VBP
first	JJ
returned	VBN
to	TO
customers	NNS
whose	WP$
items	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
found	VBN
.	.
To	TO
pick	VB
up	RP
arriving	VBG
passengers	NNS
,	,
drivers	NNS
should	MD
follow	VB
signs	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Arrivals	NNPS
Level	NNP
curbside	NN
.	.
Arriving	VBG
passengers	NNS
proceed	VB
from	IN
Baggage	NNP
Claim	NNP
up	IN
a	DT
ramp	NN
and	CC
outside	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Arrivals	NNPS
Level	NNP
curbside	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
transportation	NN
.	.
Wheelchairs	NNP
and	CC
assistance	NN
are	VBP
available	JJ
through	IN
airline	NN
representatives	NNS
at	IN
each	DT
airline	NN
counter	NN
.	.
Visual	JJ
paging	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
and	CC
Concourse	NNP
B.	NNP
Telephonic	NNP
Devices	NNPS
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
TDDs	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
available	JJ
throughout	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
and	CC
concourses	NNS
.	.
Baggage	NN
for	IN
arriving	VBG
domestic	JJ
flights	NNS
at	IN
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
is	VBZ
transported	VBN
by	IN
airlines	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Baggage	NNP
Claim	NNP
Level	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
.	.
Baggage	NN
on	IN
international	JJ
flights	NNS
is	VBZ
processed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Federal	NNP
Inspection	NNP
areas	NNS
.	.
Baggage	NN
Information	NN
Display	NNP
Boards	NNP
located	VBD
throughout	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
show	VBP
the	DT
location	NN
of	IN
the	DT
baggage	NN
claim	NN
area	NN
for	IN
each	DT
arriving	VBG
flight	NN
.	.
Nearby	JJ
Hotels	NNPS
Updated	NNP
09/19/06	CD
.	.
Hotels	NNPS
and	CC
motels	NNS
are	VBP
listed	VBN
alphabetically	RB
within	IN
each	DT
city	NN
.	.
Cities	NNPS
are	VBP
listed	VBN
by	IN
approximate	JJ
distance	NN
from	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
,	,
and	CC
most	JJS
are	VBP
within	IN
10	CD
miles	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
in	IN
no	DT
way	NN
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
list	NN
of	IN
the	DT
hotels	NNS
and	CC
motels	NNS
near	IN
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
Contact	NN
the	DT
Webmaster	NNP
if	IN
this	DT
information	NN
should	MD
be	VB
updated	VBN
.	.
Washington	NNP
,	,
DC	NNP
,	,
is	VBZ
considered	VBN
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
accessible	JJ
cities	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
working	VBG
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
this	DT
very	RB
important	JJ
gateway	NN
to	TO
our	PRP$
Nation	NN
's	POS
Capital	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
accessible	JJ
to	TO
all	DT
patrons	NNS
.	.
In	IN
all	DT
terminals	NNS
,	,
wheelchair	NN
accessible	JJ
TDD	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Telecommunication	NNP
Device	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Deaf	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
phones	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
found	VBN
at	IN
various	JJ
locations	NNS
throughout	IN
each	DT
building	NN
.	.
Most	JJS
telephones	NNS
are	VBP
equipped	VBN
with	IN
volume	NN
control	NN
.	.
At	IN
most	JJS
locations	NNS
,	,
one	CD
telephone	NN
in	IN
each	DT
bank	NN
is	VBZ
wheelchair	NN
accessible	JJ
and	CC
is	VBZ
equipped	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
shelf	NN
and	CC
outlet	NN
to	TO
accommodate	VB
a	DT
patron	NN
's	POS
portable	JJ
text	NN
telephone	NN
.	.
All	DT
accessible	JJ
telephones	NNS
.	.
have	VB
clear	JJ
pathways	NNS
for	IN
wheelchair	NN
patrons	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
A	NNP
,	,
B	NNP
and	CC
T	NNP
Gates	NNP
,	,
a	DT
Visual	NNP
Paging	NNP
System	NNP
is	VBZ
used	VBN
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Audible	NNP
Public	NNP
Address	NNP
system	NN
to	TO
broadcast	VB
airport	NN
information	NN
to	TO
the	DT
general	JJ
public	NN
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
A	DT
Gates	NNP
,	,
visual	JJ
pagers	NNS
are	VBP
prominently	RB
located	VBN
in	IN
all	DT
waiting	VBG
areas	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
B	NNP
Gates	NNP
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
located	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
shuttle	NN
docks	NNS
and	CC
at	IN
the	DT
telephone	NN
banks	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
T	NNP
Gates	NNP
,	,
visual	JJ
pagers	NNS
are	VBP
located	VBN
above	IN
the	DT
telephone	NN
banks	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
A	NNP
and	CC
B	NNP
Gates	NNP
,	,
within	IN
each	DT
airline	NN
waiting	VBG
area	NN
,	,
visual	JJ
announcements	NNS
of	IN
boarding	VBG
information	NN
and	CC
procedures	NNS
appear	VBP
on	IN
monitors	NNS
so	IN
that	IN
all	DT
passengers	NNS
are	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
participate	VB
equally	RB
in	IN
the	DT
boarding	VBG
process	NN
.	.
Flight	NNP
Information	NNP
Display	NNP
System	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FIDS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
boards	NNS
are	VBP
placed	VBN
throughout	IN
all	DT
terminals	NNS
.	.
Restrooms	NNS
are	VBP
fully	RB
accessible	JJ
with	IN
toilet	NN
stalls	NNS
for	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
.	.
Most	JJS
toilet	NN
stalls	NNS
have	VBP
infrared	VBN
flush	JJ
devices	NNS
.	.
All	DT
sinks	VBZ
in	IN
each	DT
restroom	NN
are	VBP
placed	VBN
at	IN
an	DT
accessible	JJ
height	NN
,	,
and	CC
infrared	JJ
devices	NNS
are	VBP
used	VBN
to	TO
activate	VB
the	DT
water	NN
at	IN
most	JJS
locations	NNS
.	.
Baby	NNP
changing	VBG
stations	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
placed	VBN
at	IN
an	DT
accessible	JJ
height	NN
in	IN
both	DT
men	NNS
's	POS
and	CC
women	NNS
's	POS
rest	NN
rooms	NNS
at	IN
mast	NN
locations	NNS
A	DT
unisex	JJ
companion	NN
care	NN
restroom	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
adjacent	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
restrooms	NNS
at	IN
many	JJ
locations	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
arrange	VB
for	IN
a	DT
wheelchairs	NNS
at	IN
any	DT
terminals	NNS
through	IN
your	PRP$
airline	NN
or	CC
with	IN
any	DT
Skycap	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
.	.
Please	VB
notify	VB
your	PRP$
airline	NN
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
visit	NN
so	IN
that	IN
they	PRP
can	MD
better	RBR
serve	VB
your	PRP$
needs	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
three	CD
alternatives	NNS
for	IN
parking	NN
at	IN
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airport	NNP
:	:
Hourly	NNP
,	,
Daily	NNP
and	CC
Economy	NNP
.	.
Within	IN
these	DT
areas	NNS
there	EX
are	VBP
public	JJ
parking	NN
spaces	NNS
designated	VBN
for	IN
individuals	NNS
with	IN
disabilities	NNS
.	.
In	IN
Hourly	NNP
and	CC
Daily	NNP
lots	NNS
,	,
these	DT
spaces	NNS
are	VBP
located	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
closest	JJS
possible	JJ
path	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
or	CC
to	TO
ground	VB
transportation	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
Economy	NNP
lots	NNS
,	,
spaces	NNS
are	VBP
located	VBN
next	JJ
to	TO
each	DT
shuttle	NN
bus	NN
shelter	NN
.	.
For	IN
current	JJ
flight	NN
schedules	NNS
and	CC
status	NN
information	NN
,	,
please	VB
contact	NN
the	DT
airline	NN
directly	RB
.	.
Phone	NN
numbers	NNS
and	CC
links	NNS
to	TO
airline	NN
Web	NNP
pages	NNS
are	VBP
provided	VBN
for	IN
your	PRP$
use	NN
.	.
Information	NNP
contained	VBD
here	RB
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Airlines	NNPS
and	CC
others	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
passed	VBN
on	RP
by	IN
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
service	NN
to	TO
the	DT
traveling	VBG
public	NN
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
any	DT
errors	NNS
or	CC
omissions	NNS
.	.
This	DT
information	NN
is	VBZ
subject	JJ
to	TO
change	VB
without	IN
notice	NN
.	.
Dulles	NNP
provides	VBZ
daily	JJ
garage	NN
,	,
hourly	JJ
,	,
economy	NN
and	CC
valet	NN
parking	NN
with	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
25,000	CD
parking	NN
spaces	NNS
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
charge	NN
for	IN
vehicles	NNS
exiting	VBG
within	IN
20	CD
minutes	NNS
of	IN
entry	NN
at	IN
Daily	NNP
,	,
Hourly	NNP
and	CC
Economy	NNP
parking	NN
.	.
Free	NNP
shuttle	NN
service	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
from	IN
Daily	NNP
and	CC
Economy	NNP
parking	NN
,	,
at	IN
10-15	CD
minute	NN
intervals	NNS
,	,
for	IN
passengers	NNS
24	CD
hours	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
,	,
seven	CD
days	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
.	.
Dulles	NNP
has	VBZ
two	CD
Daily	NNP
Parking	NNP
Garages	NNPS
with	IN
easy	JJ
covered	JJ
access	NN
into	IN
the	DT
terminal	NN
.	.
All	DT
Security	NNP
Screening	NNP
Checkpoints	NNPS
are	VBP
located	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
center	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
.	.
Security	NNP
checkpoints	NNS
previously	RB
located	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
terminal	NN
have	VBP
closed	VBN
to	TO
allow	VB
construction	NN
to	TO
move	VB
ahead	RB
on	IN
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
Station	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
future	JJ
automated	JJ
Airport	NNP
Train	NNP
System	NNP
which	WDT
will	MD
provide	VB
convenient	JJ
and	CC
comfortable	JJ
transportation	NN
between	IN
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
and	CC
Concourses	NNP
.	.
Thank	VB
you	PRP
for	IN
your	PRP$
patience	NN
during	IN
construction	NN
.	.
Dulles	NNP
Airport	NNP
provides	VBZ
video	JJ
information	NN
screens	NNS
above	IN
the	DT
Security	NNP
Screening	NNP
checkpoints	NNS
.	.
The	DT
security	NN
information	NN
video	JJ
playing	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
passengers	NNS
with	IN
important	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
screening	VBG
procedure	NN
and	CC
tips	NNS
to	TO
speed	VB
your	PRP$
way	NN
through	IN
security	NN
.	.
Passengers	NNS
are	VBP
required	VBN
to	TO
show	VB
a	DT
boarding	VBG
pass	NN
and	CC
government-issued	JJ
photo	NN
ID	NNP
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
driver	NN
's	POS
license	NN
or	CC
current	JJ
passport	NN
at	IN
the	DT
security	NN
screening	NN
checkpoints	NNS
.	.
Passengers	NNS
may	MD
obtain	VB
a	DT
boarding	VBG
pass	NN
from	IN
the	DT
airline	NN
ticket	NN
counter	RB
,	,
at	IN
curbside	JJ
check-in	NN
or	CC
if	IN
available	JJ
,	,
at	IN
airline	NN
self-service	NN
kiosks	NNS
and	CC
on-line	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
airline	NN
websites	NNS
.	.
TSA	NNP
security	NN
measures	NNS
require	VBP
careful	JJ
screening	NN
of	IN
carry-on	JJ
luggage	NN
.	.
Passengers	NNS
are	VBP
urged	VBN
to	TO
leave	VB
any	DT
sharp	JJ
objects	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
pocket	NN
knives	NNS
,	,
scissors	NNS
,	,
etc	FW
-RRB-	-RRB-
at	IN
home	NN
or	CC
in	IN
their	PRP$
luggage	NN
checked	VBD
in	IN
at	IN
the	DT
ticket	NN
counter	NN
.	.
For	IN
passengers	NNS
with	IN
medical	JJ
conditions	NNS
that	WDT
require	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
carry	VB
a	DT
needle	NN
and\/or	CC
syringe	NN
on	IN
your	PRP$
person	NN
or	CC
in	IN
your	PRP$
carry	VB
on	IN
baggage	NN
you	PRP
must	MD
also	RB
have	VB
the	DT
medication	NN
that	WDT
requires	VBZ
such	JJ
injection	NN
on	IN
your	PRP$
person	NN
.	.
The	DT
medication	NN
must	MD
be	VB
packaged	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
pharmaceutical	JJ
label	NN
or	CC
professionally	RB
printed	VBN
label	NN
identifying	VBG
the	DT
medication	NN
.	.
All	DT
electronic	JJ
items	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
laptops	NNS
,	,
cell	NN
phones	NNS
,	,
pagers	NNS
,	,
may	MD
be	VB
subjected	VBN
to	TO
additional	JJ
screening	NN
.	.
Be	VB
prepared	JJ
to	TO
remove	VB
your	PRP$
laptop	NN
from	IN
its	PRP$
travel	NN
case	NN
so	RB
that	IN
both	DT
can	MD
be	VB
X-rayed	VBN
separately	RB
.	.
Also	RB
be	VB
prepared	VBN
to	TO
turn	VB
all	DT
electronic	JJ
devices	NNS
on	IN
for	IN
screeners	NNS
.	.
Passengers	NNS
are	VBP
urged	VBN
to	TO
arrive	VB
1	LS
-	:
2	CD
hours	NNS
before	IN
domestic	JJ
and	CC
2	LS
-	:
3	CD
hours	NNS
before	IN
international	JJ
flights	NNS
to	TO
allow	VB
time	NN
to	TO
get	VB
through	IN
airline	NN
ticketing	VBG
and	CC
security	NN
.	.
Contact	NN
your	PRP$
airline	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
specific	JJ
directions	NNS
on	IN
this	DT
.	.
Only	RB
ticketed	VBN
passengers	NNS
or	CC
authorized	VBN
,	,
badged	VBN
personnel	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
allowed	VBN
through	IN
security	NN
checkpoints	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
help	VB
expedite	VB
this	DT
process	NN
by	IN
having	VBG
your	PRP$
ticket	NN
readily	RB
available	JJ
prior	RB
to	TO
entering	VBG
the	DT
security	NN
screening	NN
areas	NNS
.	.
Special	JJ
arrangements	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
with	IN
your	PRP$
airline	NN
for	IN
accompanying	VBG
children	NNS
and	CC
those	DT
needing	VBG
special	JJ
assistance	NN
to	TO
get	VB
to	TO
the	DT
gate	NN
.	.
Dulles	NNP
Airport	NNP
has	VBZ
approximately	RB
127	CD
gates	NNS
located	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
terminal	NN
and	CC
four	CD
concourse	NN
buildings	NNS
.	.
After	IN
proceeding	VBG
through	IN
security	NN
,	,
passengers	NNS
should	MD
follow	VB
signage	NN
to	TO
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
walkway	NN
or	CC
shuttle	NN
to	TO
reach	VB
their	PRP$
departing	VBG
gates	NNS
.	.
Shuttles	NNS
depart	VBP
every	DT
5	CD
minutes	NNS
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
day	NN
,	,
but	CC
every	DT
10	CD
minutes	NNS
during	IN
off-peak	CD
hours	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airport	NNP
opened	VBD
in	IN
1962	CD
,	,
it	PRP
was	VBD
the	DT
first	JJ
U.S.	NNP
airport	NN
built	VBN
for	IN
commercial	JJ
jet	NN
aircraft	NN
.	.
Airline	NNP
travelers	NNS
were	VBD
in	IN
a	DT
distinct	JJ
minority	NN
,	,
and	CC
``	``
those	DT
flying	VBG
machines	NNS
''	''
at	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
were	VBD
seen	VBN
as	IN
an	DT
exotic	JJ
form	NN
of	IN
transportation	NN
to	TO
far	RB
away	RB
places	NNS
.	.
But	CC
increases	NNS
in	IN
passenger	NN
jet	NN
travel	NN
made	VBD
aviation	NN
a	DT
prominent	JJ
fixture	NN
of	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
's	POS
economy	NN
.	.
The	DT
airlines	NNS
have	VBP
taken	VBN
note	NN
of	IN
the	DT
remarkable	JJ
growth	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Washington	NNP
region	NN
and	CC
the	DT
resulting	VBG
increased	VBN
demand	NN
for	IN
air	NN
service	NN
and	CC
expanded	VBD
their	PRP$
presence	NN
at	IN
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
.	.
Today	NN
's	POS
traveler	NN
can	MD
fly	VB
to	TO
40	CD
different	JJ
foreign	JJ
destinations	NNS
and	CC
85	CD
U.S.	NNP
cities	NNS
from	IN
Dulles	NNP
.	.
To	TO
support	VB
this	DT
level	NN
of	IN
service	NN
,	,
about	IN
20,000	CD
people	NNS
are	VBP
employed	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
and	CC
thousands	NNS
more	JJR
have	VBP
jobs	NNS
closely	RB
associated	VBN
with	IN
airport	NN
activities	NNS
.	.
During	IN
Dulles	NNP
Airport	NNP
's	POS
early	JJ
years	NNS
,	,
the	DT
facilities	NNS
met	VBD
or	CC
exceeded	VBD
demand	NN
.	.
Aircraft	NNP
parked	VBN
away	RB
from	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
,	,
and	CC
flights	NNS
were	VBD
met	VBN
by	IN
``	``
Mobile	NNP
Lounges	NNP
''	''
which	WDT
transported	VBD
passengers	NNS
above	IN
the	DT
ground	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
mid-1980	NN
's	POS
a	DT
temporary	JJ
Midfield	NNP
Concourse	NNP
was	VBD
built	VBN
to	TO
allow	VB
more	JJR
aircraft	NN
to	TO
use	VB
gates	NNS
with	IN
jet	NN
bridges	NNS
.	.
Mobile	NNP
Lounge	NNP
service	NN
began	VBD
operations	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
and	CC
this	DT
new	JJ
Concourse	NNP
.	.
As	IN
passenger	NN
levels	NNS
grew	VBD
,	,
so	RB
did	VBD
the	DT
investment	NN
in	IN
airport	NN
infrastructure	NN
.	.
From	IN
1987	CD
,	,
when	WRB
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
was	VBD
created	VBN
,	,
through	IN
1999	CD
,	,
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
invested	VBD
$	$
1.5	CD
billion	CD
in	IN
an	DT
expansion	NN
program	NN
which	WDT
doubled	VBD
the	DT
size	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
,	,
added	VBD
two	CD
permanent	JJ
Midfield	NNP
Concourses	NNPS
,	,
expanded	VBN
Customs	NNS
and	CC
Immigration	NNP
facilities	NNS
,	,
modernized	VBN
ticket	NN
counter	NN
and	CC
baggage	NN
claim	NN
space	NN
,	,
improved	VBD
the	DT
roadways	NNS
,	,
and	CC
added	VBD
cargo	NN
facilities	NNS
.	.
Growth	NN
projections	NNS
for	IN
both	DT
passengers	NNS
and	CC
aircraft	NN
operations	NNS
highlighted	VBD
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
even	RB
more	JJR
airport	NN
facilities	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
In	IN
2000	CD
,	,
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
approved	VBD
a	DT
second	JJ
phase	NN
of	IN
capital	NN
investment	NN
.	.
The	DT
Board	NNP
approved	VBD
$	$
3.4	CD
billion	CD
in	IN
projects	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
part	NN
of	IN
D2	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Dulles	NNP
Development	NNP
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
D2	NNP
projects	NNS
completed	VBN
so	RB
far	RB
include	VBP
two	CD
new	JJ
Daily	NNP
Parking	NNP
Garages	NNPS
,	,
passenger	NN
walkways	NNS
with	IN
moving	VBG
sidewalks	NNS
connecting	VBG
the	DT
garages	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
and	CC
connecting	VBG
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
to	TO
Concourse	NNP
B	NNP
,	,
reconstruction	NN
of	IN
Runway	NNP
12-30	CD
,	,
new	JJ
permanent	JJ
Z-gates	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
renovation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
1962	CD
Eero	NNP
Saarinen-designed	NNP
terminal	NN
,	,
including	VBG
improved	VBN
ticketing	VBG
counters	NNS
and	CC
new	JJ
baggage	NN
claim	NN
devices	NNS
.	.
Projects	NNPS
currently	RB
underway	JJ
include	VBP
improving	VBG
the	DT
roadways	NNS
,	,
expanding	VBG
Concourse	NNP
B	NNP
,	,
building	VBG
a	DT
new	JJ
Airport	NNP
Traffic	NNP
Control	NNP
Tower	NNP
,	,
and	CC
constructing	VBG
an	DT
automated	VBN
Airport	NNP
Train	NNP
System	NNP
and	CC
train	NN
stations	NNS
.	.
A	DT
new	JJ
Security	NN
Mezzanine	NNP
is	VBZ
also	RB
included	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
construction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
Train	NNP
Station	NNP
.	.
Future	NNP
D2	NNP
projects	NNS
call	VBP
for	IN
expanding	VBG
the	DT
Z-gates	NNS
,	,
constructing	VBG
a	DT
fourth	JJ
and	CC
fifth	JJ
runway	NN
,	,
and	CC
building	VBG
a	DT
new	JJ
permanent	JJ
Concourse	NN
beyond	IN
the	DT
present	JJ
location	NN
of	IN
Concourse	NNP
C	NNP
and	CC
D.	NNP
Dulles	NNP
is	VBZ
in	IN
a	DT
constant	JJ
state	NN
of	IN
evolution	NN
and	CC
improvement	NN
.	.
The	DT
challenge	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
continue	VB
to	TO
keep	VB
pace	NN
with	IN
growth	NN
in	IN
air	NN
service	NN
and	CC
meet	VB
the	DT
future	JJ
traveling	VBG
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Washington	NNP
region	NN
.	.
D2	CD
:	:
Dulles	NNP
Development	NNP
Dulles	NNP
Development	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
D2	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
a	DT
capital	NN
construction	NN
program	NN
for	IN
future	JJ
growth	NN
--	:
in	IN
passenger	NN
traffic	NN
and	CC
airport	NN
operations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
major	JJ
D2	NNP
projects	NNS
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
improve	VB
the	DT
traveling	VBG
experience	NN
and	CC
accommodate	VB
increased	VBN
use	NN
of	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
.	.
Please	VB
click	VB
the	DT
links	NNS
below	IN
for	IN
information	NN
.	.
All	DT
photographs	NNS
Copyright	NNP
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
``	``
MWAA	NNP
''	''
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
All	DT
rights	NNS
reserved	VBN
.	.
All	DT
photographs	NNS
contained	VBN
on	IN
this	DT
web	NN
site	NN
are	VBP
protected	VBN
by	IN
United	NNP
States	NNPS
copyright	NN
law	NN
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
browse	VB
,	,
search	NN
,	,
retrieve	VBP
,	,
view	VBP
,	,
download	VBP
,	,
store	VBP
or	CC
print	VBP
photographs	NNS
from	IN
mwaa.com	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
personal	JJ
,	,
noncommercial	JJ
use	NN
only	RB
.	.
Otherwise	RB
,	,
photographs	NNS
on	IN
this	DT
web	NN
site	NN
may	MD
not	RB
be	VB
copied	VBN
,	,
reproduced	VBN
,	,
modified	VBN
,	,
distributed	VBN
,	,
transmitted	VBN
,	,
displayed	VBN
,	,
published	VBN
or	CC
broadcast	VBN
without	IN
the	DT
prior	JJ
written	VBN
permission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
may	MD
not	RB
alter	VB
or	CC
remove	VB
any	DT
trademark	NN
,	,
copyright	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
notice	NN
from	IN
the	DT
content	NN
on	IN
this	DT
web	NN
site	NN
.	.
The	DT
automated	VBN
Airport	NNP
Train	NNP
System	NNP
will	MD
replace	VB
most	JJS
of	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
Mobile	NNP
Lounge	NNP
system	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
used	VBN
to	TO
transport	VB
passengers	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Midfield	NNP
Concourses	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
train	NN
will	MD
operate	VB
on	IN
an	DT
underground	JJ
dual	JJ
track	NN
system	NN
.	.
This	DT
phase	NN
of	IN
the	DT
project	NN
will	MD
connect	VB
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
to	TO
Concourses	NNP
A	NNP
,	,
B	NNP
,	,
and	CC
C.	NNP
The	NNP
stations	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
located	VBN
at	IN
convenient	JJ
points	NNS
along	IN
the	DT
concourses	NNS
to	TO
minimize	VB
walking	VBG
distances	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
airline	NN
gates	NNS
.	.
Passengers	NNS
will	MD
reach	VB
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
station	NN
through	IN
two	CD
new	JJ
spacious	JJ
subsurface	NN
Security	NN
Screening	VBG
Areas	NNS
.	.
This	DT
phase	NN
is	VBZ
scheduled	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
completed	VBN
in	IN
2009	CD
.	.
With	IN
more	JJR
than	IN
509,000	CD
aircraft	NN
operations	NNS
at	IN
Dulles	NNP
in	IN
2005	CD
,	,
expanding	VBG
the	DT
current	JJ
three-runway	JJ
system	NN
is	VBZ
now	RB
a	DT
necessity	NN
.	.
This	DT
project	NN
adds	VBZ
a	DT
fourth	JJ
runway	NN
and	CC
paves	VBZ
the	DT
way	NN
for	IN
a	DT
future	JJ
fifth	JJ
runway	NN
.	.
The	DT
proposed	VBN
fourth	JJ
runway	NN
will	MD
be	VB
a	DT
north-south	JJ
runway	NN
,	,
approximately	RB
9,500	CD
feet	NNS
long	RB
and	CC
150	CD
feet	NNS
wide	JJ
,	,
while	IN
the	DT
fifth	JJ
runway	NN
will	MD
be	VB
an	DT
east-west	JJ
runway	NN
approximately	RB
10,500	CD
feet	NNS
long	RB
and	CC
150	CD
feet	NNS
wide	JJ
.	.
Both	DT
will	MD
include	VB
high-speed	JJ
exit	NN
taxiways	NNS
and	CC
be	VB
equipped	VBN
with	IN
an	DT
instrument	NN
landing	NN
system	NN
and	CC
associated	VBN
lighting	NN
systems	NNS
.	.
The	DT
fourth	JJ
runway	NN
is	VBZ
expected	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
completed	VBN
in	IN
2008	CD
.	.
Construction	NN
dates	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
fifth	JJ
runway	NN
will	MD
be	VB
set	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
future	NN
.	.
This	DT
walkway	NN
provides	VBZ
passengers	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
alternative	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Mobile	NNP
Lounges	NNPS
today	NN
and	CC
the	DT
future	JJ
underground	JJ
Airport	NNP
Train	NNP
System	NNP
,	,
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
connect	VB
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
and	CC
Concourses	NNP
.	.
The	DT
approximately	RB
1,000	CD
foot	NN
long	RB
walkway	NN
is	VBZ
equipped	VBN
with	IN
moving	VBG
sidewalks	NNS
.	.
The	DT
project	NN
included	VBD
the	DT
construction	NN
of	IN
a	DT
structural	JJ
shell	NN
and	CC
architectural	JJ
finishes	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
40-foot	JJ
wide	JJ
and	CC
27-foot	JJ
high	JJ
tunnel	NN
,	,
including	VBG
elevators	NNS
,	,
escalators	NNS
,	,
stairways	NNS
,	,
and	CC
moving	VBG
sidewalks	NNS
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
segment	NN
opened	VBD
in	IN
2004	CD
--	:
connecting	VBG
passengers	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
and	CC
Concourses	NNP
A	NNP
and	CC
B.	NNP
In	IN
the	DT
future	NN
,	,
this	DT
walkway	NN
will	MD
be	VB
extended	VBN
to	TO
connect	VB
Concourse	NNP
B	NNP
with	IN
a	DT
future	JJ
permanent	JJ
Concourse	NNP
C.	NNP
Renovation	NN
of	IN
both	DT
the	DT
ticketing	VBG
and	CC
baggage	NN
claim	NN
levels	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
1962	CD
section	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
was	VBD
completed	VBN
in	IN
2005	CD
.	.
This	DT
project	NN
had	VBD
the	DT
most	JJS
impact	NN
on	IN
passengers	NNS
as	IN
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
worked	VBD
to	TO
provide	VB
more	RBR
efficient	JJ
ticketing	VBG
and	CC
baggage	NN
claim	NN
facilities	NNS
.	.
Ticket	NN
counter	NN
kiosks	NNS
and	CC
baggage	NN
claim	NN
devices	NNS
were	VBD
upgraded	VBN
to	TO
match	VB
the	DT
facilities	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
east	JJ
and	CC
west	NN
extensions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
.	.
An	DT
additional	JJ
below-grade	JJ
baggage	NN
basement	NN
supports	VBZ
the	DT
expanded	VBN
Terminal	NNP
baggage	NN
systems	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
97,000	CD
square	JJ
foot	NN
facility	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
linked	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
via	IN
a	DT
tunnel	NN
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
phase	NN
to	TO
expand	VB
Concourse	NNP
B	NNP
added	VBD
four	CD
airline	NN
gates	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
west	NN
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
building	NN
and	CC
was	VBD
completed	VBN
in	IN
April	NNP
2003	CD
.	.
The	DT
addition	NN
is	VBZ
approximately	RB
440	CD
feet	NNS
long	RB
and	CC
provides	VBZ
approximately	RB
131,000	CD
square	JJ
feet	NNS
of	IN
functional	JJ
space	NN
.	.
The	DT
final	JJ
phase	NN
of	IN
the	DT
expansion	NN
of	IN
Concourse	NNP
B	NNP
will	MD
complete	VB
the	DT
build-out	NN
of	IN
the	DT
facility	NN
to	TO
the	DT
west	NN
,	,
providing	VBG
12	CD
additional	JJ
aircraft	NN
gates	NNS
attached	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
two-level	JJ
concourse	NN
building	NN
.	.
The	DT
addition	NN
will	MD
add	VB
approximately	RB
240,000	CD
square	JJ
feet	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
existing	VBG
building	NN
,	,
bringing	VBG
the	DT
total	JJ
square	NN
footage	NN
of	IN
Concourse	NNP
B	NNP
to	TO
more	RBR
than	IN
800,000	CD
square	JJ
feet	NNS
.	.
Constructing	VBG
the	DT
Concourse	NNP
B	NNP
station	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
Train	NNP
System	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ATS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
also	RB
part	NN
of	IN
this	DT
project	NN
.	.
Completion	NN
is	VBZ
scheduled	VBN
for	IN
August	NNP
2008	CD
.	.
Runway	NN
12-30	CD
was	VBD
built	VBN
in	IN
1962	CD
and	CC
certain	JJ
portions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
pavement	NN
required	VBN
replacement	NN
.	.
This	DT
project	NN
replaced	VBN
these	DT
portions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Dulles	NNP
East-West	NNP
runway	NN
with	IN
new	JJ
pavement	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
process	NN
,	,
additional	JJ
drainage	NN
features	NNS
and	CC
strength	NN
improvements	NNS
were	VBD
be	VB
added	VBN
,	,
accommodating	VBG
aircraft	NN
much	RB
heavier	JJR
than	IN
those	DT
estimated	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
design	NN
.	.
This	DT
entire	JJ
reconstruction	NN
project	NN
was	VBD
completed	VBN
over	IN
the	DT
summer	NN
of	IN
2004	CD
.	.
New	NNP
permanent	JJ
airline	NN
gates	NNS
were	VBD
constructed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
lower	JJR
level	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
to	TO
replace	VB
temporary	JJ
T-gates	NNS
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
completed	VBN
phase	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Z-gates	NNP
is	VBZ
located	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
east	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
's	POS
original	JJ
Airport	NNP
Traffic	NNP
Control	NNP
Tower	NNP
.	.
The	DT
building	NN
features	VBZ
gates	NNS
furnished	VBN
with	IN
counters	NNS
,	,
holdrooms	NNS
,	,
restrooms	NNS
,	,
concessions	NNS
,	,
airline	NN
operations	NNS
offices	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
terminal	NN
services	NNS
.	.
The	DT
finishes	NNS
are	VBP
similar	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
facilities	NNS
already	RB
in	IN
place	NN
,	,
in	IN
keeping	VBG
with	IN
the	DT
character	NN
of	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
design	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Dulles	NNP
Terminal	NNP
.	.
Traffic	NN
lanes	NNS
and	CC
signaling	VBG
devices	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
added	VBN
to	TO
improve	VB
the	DT
efficiency	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
roadways	NNS
.	.
Roads	NNS
and	CC
ramps	NNS
connecting	VBG
the	DT
Airport	NNP
Access	NNP
Highway	NNP
have	VBP
been	VBN
improved	VBN
and	CC
the	DT
circle	NN
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
has	VBZ
been	VBN
expanded	VBN
to	TO
include	VB
additional	JJ
travel	NN
lanes	NNS
and	CC
entrances	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
parking	NN
facilities	NNS
.	.
Roadways	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
north	NN
of	IN
the	DT
circle	NN
are	VBP
also	RB
being	VBG
improved	VBN
and	CC
widened	VBN
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
this	DT
airport-wide	JJ
project	NN
.	.
A	DT
new	JJ
,	,
permanent	JJ
midfield	NN
concourse	NN
will	MD
be	VB
constructed	VBN
to	TO
replace	VB
the	DT
existing	VBG
Concourse	NNP
C\/D	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
a	DT
temporary	JJ
structure	NN
.	.
Its	PRP$
location	NN
will	MD
be	VB
integrated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
base	NN
of	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
Airport	NNP
Traffic	NNP
Control	NNP
Tower	NNP
at	IN
its	PRP$
center	NN
point	NN
.	.
This	DT
three-level	JJ
structure	NN
will	MD
have	VB
44	CD
airline	NN
gates	NNS
and	CC
will	MD
provide	VB
the	DT
amenities	NNS
of	IN
Concourse	NNP
B.	NNP
The	NNP
concourse	NN
includes	VBZ
a	DT
dedicated	JJ
mezzanine	NN
corridor	NN
with	IN
moving	VBG
sidewalks	NNS
to	TO
serve	VB
international	JJ
passengers	NNS
.	.
Customer	NN
Benefit	NNP
:	:
Dramatic	JJ
changes	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
aviation	NN
industry	NN
over	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
thirty	CD
years	NNS
have	VBP
required	VBN
airports	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
their	PRP$
facilities	NNS
meet	VBP
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
modern	JJ
aircraft	NN
and	CC
air	NN
traffic	NN
control	NN
procedures	NNS
.	.
The	DT
existing	VBG
Airport	NNP
Traffic	NNP
Control	NNP
Tower	NNP
,	,
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
1960	CD
's	POS
construction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Dulles	NNP
Airport	NNP
,	,
will	MD
be	VB
replaced	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
modern	JJ
air	NN
traffic	NN
control	NN
requirements	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
enhance	VB
coordination	NN
of	IN
aircraft	NN
movement	NN
on	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
and	CC
additional	JJ
future	JJ
runways	NNS
and	CC
taxiways	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
.	.
The	DT
travelers	NNS
and	CC
airline	NN
employees	NNS
who	WP
use	VBP
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airport	NNP
will	MD
benefit	VB
from	IN
the	DT
state	NN
of	IN
the	DT
art	NN
equipment	NN
and	CC
tower	NN
facility	NN
.	.
Project	NNP
Description	NNP
:	:
This	DT
project	NN
constructs	VBZ
the	DT
structural	JJ
shell	NN
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
Airport	NNP
Traffic	NNP
Control	NNP
Tower	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ATCT	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
a	DT
support\/base	JJ
building	NN
.	.
The	DT
new	JJ
tower	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
adaptation	NN
of	IN
an	DT
FAA	NNP
Standard	NNP
and	CC
was	VBD
designed	VBN
so	RB
that	IN
it	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
visually	RB
compete	VB
with	IN
Dulles	NNP
'	POS
existing	JJ
ATCT	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
is	VBZ
an	DT
integral	JJ
element	NN
of	IN
the	DT
historically	RB
relevant	JJ
design	NN
of	IN
Dulles	NNP
'	POS
Terminal	NNP
.	.
The	DT
ATCT	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
connected	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
16,500	CD
square	JJ
foot	NN
base	NN
building	NN
on	IN
two	CD
levels	NNS
,	,
and	CC
includes	VBZ
provisions	NNS
for	IN
a	DT
one-story	JJ
connection	NN
to	TO
the	DT
future	JJ
permanent	JJ
Concourse	NNP
C.	NNP
The	NNP
overall	JJ
height	NN
to	TO
the	DT
cab	NN
level	NN
is	VBZ
300	CD
feet	NNS
and	CC
325	CD
feet	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
highest	JJS
point	NN
.	.
The	DT
base	NN
building	NN
,	,
on	IN
the	DT
south	JJ
side	NN
of	IN
the	DT
ATCT	NNP
,	,
will	MD
be	VB
a	DT
two-story	JJ
steel-framed	JJ
structure	NN
,	,
providing	VBG
administrative	JJ
and	CC
utility	NN
support	NN
for	IN
the	DT
ATCT	NNP
.	.
A	DT
service	NN
yard	NN
will	MD
be	VB
east	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
base	NN
building	NN
and	CC
includes	VBZ
84	CD
parking	NN
spaces	NNS
.	.
The	DT
base	NN
building	NN
finishes	NNS
will	MD
match	VB
those	DT
of	IN
the	DT
future	JJ
permanent	JJ
Concourse	NNP
C.	NNP
This	DT
project	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
closely	RB
coordinated	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
Federal	NNP
Aviation	NNP
Administration	NNP
.	.
Once	RB
the	DT
building	NN
shell	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
completed	VBN
FAA	NNP
will	MD
finish	VB
the	DT
project	NN
by	IN
installing	VBG
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
necessary	JJ
airport	NN
traffic	NN
control	NN
equipment	NN
.	.
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
Renovation	NNP
In	IN
1996	CD
,	,
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
completed	VBD
an	DT
architectural	JJ
milestone	NN
with	IN
the	DT
expansion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
original	JJ
1962	CD
Terminal	NNP
to	TO
its	PRP$
design	NN
length	NN
.	.
Careful	JJ
attention	NN
to	TO
the	DT
design	NN
documents	NNS
of	IN
Eero	NNP
Saarinen	NNP
and	CC
painstaking	JJ
construction	NN
resulted	VBD
in	IN
a	DT
seamless	JJ
building	NN
with	IN
accompanying	VBG
expanded	VBN
roadways	NNS
at	IN
its	PRP$
front	JJ
door	NN
.	.
The	DT
challenge	NN
now	RB
is	VBZ
to	TO
build	VB
the	DT
interior	JJ
facilities	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
that	WDT
will	MD
make	VB
the	DT
original	JJ
core	NN
building	NN
as	IN
functional	JJ
and	CC
customer	NN
efficient	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
facilities	NNS
found	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
expanded	VBN
areas	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
.	.
Construction	NN
of	IN
a	DT
new	JJ
two-level	JJ
east	JJ
baggage	NN
basement	NN
,	,
a	DT
40,000	CD
square	JJ
foot	NN
facility	NN
,	,
will	MD
provide	VB
space	NN
for	IN
additional	JJ
baggage	NN
carousels	NNS
.	.
It	PRP
also	RB
provides	VBZ
space	NN
for	IN
future	JJ
facilities	NNS
once	IN
the	DT
existing	VBG
temporary	JJ
baggage	NN
building	NN
is	VBZ
demolished	VBN
.	.
Customer	NN
Benefits	NNS
:	:
Airline	NNP
passengers	NNS
will	MD
have	VB
a	DT
convenient	JJ
and	CC
comfortable	JJ
train	NN
system	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
handle	VB
more	RBR
riders	NNS
and	CC
move	VB
more	RBR
efficiently	RB
than	IN
the	DT
Mobile	NNP
Lounges	NNPS
currently	RB
in	IN
use	NN
at	IN
Dulles	NNP
.	.
The	DT
station	NN
locations	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
concourses	NNS
will	MD
also	RB
reduce	VB
walking	VBG
distances	NNS
.	.
The	DT
underground	JJ
system	NN
will	MD
eliminate	VB
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
Mobile	NNP
Lounge	NNP
service	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Concourses	NNPS
and	CC
reduce	VB
vehicular	JJ
traffic	NN
on	IN
the	DT
airfield	NN
.	.
Customer	NN
Benefits	NNS
:	:
These	DT
are	VBP
the	DT
first	JJ
parking	NN
garages	NNS
built	VBN
at	IN
Dulles	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
The	DT
convenience	NN
of	IN
covered	JJ
parking	NN
enables	VBZ
the	DT
Airport	NNP
to	TO
greatly	RB
improve	VB
customer	NN
service	NN
and	CC
add	VB
thousands	NNS
of	IN
parking	NN
spaces	NNS
to	TO
meet	VB
a	DT
major	JJ
demand	NN
for	IN
Daily	NNP
Parking	NNP
.	.
Project	NNP
Description	NNP
:	:
As	IN
passenger	NN
activity	NN
has	VBZ
grown	VBN
,	,
so	RB
has	VBZ
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
parking	NN
at	IN
Dulles	NNP
.	.
This	DT
project	NN
provided	VBN
two	CD
five-level	JJ
parking	NN
garages	NNS
close	RB
to	TO
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
.	.
The	DT
1.2	CD
million	CD
square	JJ
foot	NN
Daily	NNP
Garage	NNP
2	CD
,	,
constructed	VBN
of	IN
cast-in-place	JJ
concrete	NN
,	,
provides	VBZ
parking	NN
for	IN
approximately	RB
3,700	CD
cars	NNS
.	.
The	DT
1.5	CD
million	CD
square	JJ
foot	NN
Daily	NNP
Garage	NNP
1	CD
of	IN
similar	JJ
construction	NN
provides	VBZ
parking	NN
for	IN
approximately	RB
4,800	CD
cars	NNS
.	.
Garage	NN
1	CD
also	RB
has	VBZ
an	DT
underground	JJ
pedestrian	NN
walkway	NN
that	WDT
connects	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
Baggage	NNP
Claim	NNP
level	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
.	.
The	DT
walkway	NN
is	VBZ
1,200	CD
feet	NNS
long	RB
with	IN
moving	VBG
sidewalks	NNS
.	.
Daily	NNP
Garage	NNP
2	CD
has	VBZ
a	DT
covered	JJ
passenger	NN
walkway	NN
accessible	JJ
from	IN
Level	NNP
3	CD
that	WDT
connect	VBP
to	TO
the	DT
West	NNP
side	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
.	.
Customer	NN
Benefits	NNS
:	:
This	DT
project	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
passengers	NNS
with	IN
an	DT
option	NN
to	TO
using	VBG
the	DT
Mobile	NNP
Lounges	NNPS
today	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
the	DT
future	JJ
underground	JJ
automated	VBN
Airport	NNP
Train	NNP
System	NNP
,	,
as	IN
a	DT
way	NN
to	TO
connect	VB
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
and	CC
Concourses	NNP
A	NNP
and	CC
B.	NNP
The	NNP
walkway	NN
will	MD
be	VB
equipped	VBN
with	IN
moving	VBG
sidewalks	NNS
.	.
Project	NNP
Description	NNP
:	:
Included	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
project	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
construction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
structural	JJ
shell	NN
and	CC
architectural	JJ
finishes	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
40-foot	JJ
wide	JJ
and	CC
27-foot	JJ
high	JJ
tunnel	NN
,	,
including	VBG
elevators	NNS
,	,
escalators	NNS
,	,
stairways	NNS
,	,
and	CC
moving	VBG
sidewalks	NNS
.	.
The	DT
walkway	NN
is	VBZ
approximately	RB
1,000	CD
feet	NNS
long	RB
.	.
Passengers	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
walk	VB
between	IN
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
and	CC
Concourses	NNP
A	NNP
and	CC
B.	NNP
In	IN
the	DT
future	NN
,	,
this	DT
walkway	NN
will	MD
be	VB
extended	VBN
to	TO
connect	VB
Concourse	NNP
B	NNP
with	IN
a	DT
future	JJ
permanent	JJ
Concourse	NNP
C.	NNP
Flight	NN
Information	NN
For	IN
current	JJ
flight	NN
schedules	NNS
and	CC
status	NN
information	NN
,	,
please	VB
contact	NN
the	DT
airline	NN
directly	RB
.	.
Phone	NN
numbers	NNS
and	CC
links	NNS
to	TO
airline	NN
Web	NNP
Pages	NNP
are	VBP
provided	VBN
for	IN
your	PRP$
use	NN
.	.
Information	NNP
contained	VBD
here	RB
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Airlines	NNPS
and	CC
others	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
passed	VBN
on	RP
by	IN
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
service	NN
to	TO
the	DT
traveling	VBG
public	NN
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
any	DT
errors	NNS
or	CC
omissions	NNS
.	.
This	DT
information	NN
is	VBZ
subject	JJ
to	TO
change	VB
without	IN
notice	NN
.	.
The	DT
Washington	NNP
Flyer	NNP
Magazine	NNP
and	CC
Travel	NNP
Guide	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
informative	JJ
publication	NN
and	CC
website	NN
with	IN
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
latest	JJS
Hot	NNP
Spots	NNP
,	,
Travel	NNP
Tips	NNP
,	,
and	CC
business	NN
information	NN
for	IN
the	DT
traveler	NN
visiting	VBG
Washington	NNP
,	,
DC	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Manassas	NNP
Battlefield	NNP
Park	NNP
was	VBD
the	DT
scene	NN
of	IN
two	CD
major	JJ
battles	NNS
fought	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
American	NNP
Civil	NNP
War	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
years	NNS
1861	CD
to	TO
1865	CD
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
Park	NNP
is	VBZ
worth	JJ
visiting	VBG
for	IN
historical	JJ
purposes	NNS
alone	RB
,	,
the	DT
area	NN
also	RB
has	VBZ
a	DT
well	RB
developed	VBN
hiking\/horseback	NN
riding	VBG
trail	NN
system	NN
.	.
Exhibits	NNS
and	CC
programs	NNS
educate	VBP
visitors	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
canal	NN
system	NN
built	VBN
in	IN
America	NNP
.	.
This	DT
800-acre	JJ
park	NN
has	VBZ
views	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
falls	VBZ
,	,
15	CD
miles	NNS
of	IN
hiking\/nature	NN
trails	VBZ
and	CC
5	CD
miles	NNS
of	IN
trails	VBZ
for	IN
horseback	NN
and	CC
biking	NN
.	.
Picnic	NN
facilities	NNS
and	CC
fishing	NN
.	.
Open	NNP
daily	JJ
year	NN
round	NN
.	.
The	DT
cell	NN
phone	NN
waiting	VBG
area	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
ideal	JJ
place	NN
to	TO
wait	VB
in	IN
your	PRP$
car	NN
until	IN
your	PRP$
arriving	VBG
party	NN
calls	VBZ
you	PRP
on	IN
your	PRP$
cell	NN
phone	NN
to	TO
let	VB
you	PRP
know	VBP
that	IN
their	PRP$
plane	NN
has	VBZ
arrived	VBN
.	.
Tell	VB
your	PRP$
party	NN
to	TO
proceed	VB
up	RP
any	DT
Arrivals	NNS
Ramp	NN
and	CC
to	TO
look	VB
for	IN
a	DT
door	NN
number	NN
designated	VBN
outside	IN
.	.
The	DT
car	NN
waiting	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
lot	NN
will	MD
locate	VB
that	IN
door	NN
number	NN
on	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
map	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
posted	VBN
inside	IN
the	DT
cell	NN
phone	NN
waiting	VBG
area	NN
and	CC
will	MD
then	RB
drive	VB
to	TO
the	DT
Arrivals	NNP
Ramp	NNP
level	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
you	PRP
.	.
The	DT
cell	NN
phone	NN
waiting	VBG
area	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
intersection	NN
of	IN
Rudder	NNP
Road	NNP
and	CC
Autopilot	NNP
Drive	NNP
.	.
From	IN
the	DT
Dulles	NNP
Access	NNP
Road	NNP
heading	VBG
towards	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
,	,
follow	VBP
the	DT
signs	NNS
that	IN
say	VBP
,	,
``	``
Cell	NNP
Phone	NNP
Waiting	NNP
Area	NNP
''	''
.	.
This	DT
will	MD
lead	VB
you	PRP
to	TO
Rudder	NNP
Road	NNP
.	.
Go	VB
past	IN
the	DT
Economy	NNP
Parking	NNP
lot	NN
entrance	NN
on	IN
your	PRP$
right	NN
.	.
Just	RB
past	IN
the	DT
traffic	NN
light	NN
at	IN
the	DT
intersection	NN
of	IN
Rudder	NNP
Road	NNP
and	CC
Autopilot	NNP
Drive	NNP
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
turn	VB
left	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
Cell	NNP
Phone	NNP
Waiting	NNP
Area	NNP
.	.
Just	RB
call	VB
703-572-6240	CD
and	CC
have	VB
the	DT
flight	NN
number	NN
ready	JJ
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
hear	VB
prompts	VBZ
asking	VBG
you	PRP
to	TO
key	VB
in	IN
the	DT
flight	NN
number	NN
from	IN
your	PRP$
phone	NN
.	.
This	DT
phone	NN
system	NN
is	VBZ
directly	RB
tied	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
in-airport	JJ
flight	NN
information	NN
displays	NNS
.	.
Metrorail	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
region	NN
's	POS
rapid-transit	NN
system	NN
,	,
providing	VBG
access	NN
to	TO
Downtown	NN
Washington	NNP
,	,
DC	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
destinations	NNS
.	.
A	DT
rail	NN
line	NN
to	TO
Dulles	NNP
Airport	NNP
is	VBZ
currently	RB
in	IN
the	DT
design	NN
phase	NN
.	.
At	IN
present	JJ
,	,
the	DT
nearest	JJS
Metrorail	NNP
station	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
West	NNP
Falls	NNP
Church	NNP
Station	NNP
on	IN
the	DT
Orange	NNP
Line	NNP
.	.
Direct	NNP
transportation	NN
to	TO
this	DT
station	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
Washington	NNP
Flyer	NNP
Coach	VBP
Service	NNP
.	.
Enjoy	VB
a	DT
comfortable	JJ
,	,
climate-controlled	JJ
ride	NN
equipped	VBN
with	IN
reclining	VBG
seats	NNS
and	CC
ample	JJ
luggage	NN
space	NN
.	.
Each	DT
coach	NN
is	VBZ
handicapped	JJ
accessible	JJ
.	.
Buses	NNS
depart	VBP
approximately	RB
every	DT
30	CD
minutes	NNS
and	CC
boarding	VBG
announcements	NNS
are	VBP
made	VBN
inside	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
.	.
Board	NNP
any	DT
Orange	NNP
line	NN
train	NN
headed	VBD
towards	IN
``	``
Vienna\/Fairfax\/GMU	NNP
.	.
''	''
Exit	NN
the	DT
train	NN
at	IN
the	DT
West	NNP
Falls	NNP
Church	NNP
station	NN
,	,
and	CC
follow	VB
the	DT
signs	NNS
directing	VBG
you	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
Washington	NNP
Flyer	NNP
bus	NN
stop	NN
.	.
Tickets	NNS
can	MD
be	VB
purchased	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
bus	NN
from	IN
the	DT
driver	NN
.	.
All	DT
Washington	NNP
Flyer	NNP
buses	NNS
departing	VBG
this	DT
location	NN
go	VB
directly	RB
to	TO
the	DT
front	JJ
door	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
at	IN
Dulles	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
Click	VB
here	RB
for	IN
schedule	NN
and	CC
ticket	NN
prices	NNS
.	.
Outbound	JJ
service	NN
:	:
No	DT
reservation	NN
is	VBZ
required	VBN
.	.
Simply	RB
come	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
``	``
Taxi	NN
Passengers	NNPS
''	''
area	NN
on	IN
the	DT
lower	JJR
level	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
,	,
where	WRB
a	DT
Taxicab	NNP
Dispatcher	NNP
is	VBZ
on	IN
duty	NN
24	CD
hours	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
Wheelchair-accessible	JJ
minibuses	NNS
can	MD
accommodate	VB
one	CD
person	NN
in	IN
his\/her	NN
wheelchair	NN
plus	CC
three	CD
additional	JJ
passengers	NNS
.	.
Smoking	NN
and	CC
non-smoking	JJ
vehicles	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
by	IN
request	NN
.	.
The	DT
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airport	NNP
Taxicab	NNP
Advisory	NNP
Panel	NNP
was	VBD
established	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
to	TO
review	VB
and	CC
advise	VB
the	DT
Authority	NNP
about	IN
the	DT
handling	NN
of	IN
customer	NN
and	CC
cabdriver	NN
comments	NNS
,	,
complements	VBZ
or	CC
complaints	NNS
about	IN
the	DT
Washington	NNP
Flyer	NNP
taxicab	NN
system	NN
.	.
The	DT
Panel	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
up	IN
of	IN
a	DT
citizen	NN
representative	NN
,	,
a	DT
representative	NN
of	IN
the	DT
drivers	NNS
,	,
a	DT
representative	NN
of	IN
the	DT
taxicab	NN
company	NN
,	,
an	DT
Airport	NNP
police	NN
designee	NN
and	CC
a	DT
representative	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
Manager	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Panel	NN
is	VBZ
interested	JJ
in	IN
your	PRP$
comments	NNS
about	IN
the	DT
Washington	NNP
Flyer	NNP
taxis	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
no	DT
shuttles	NNS
providing	VBG
direct	JJ
service	NN
between	IN
Dulles	NNP
and	CC
these	DT
points	NNS
.	.
You	PRP
might	MD
want	VB
to	TO
try	VB
Greyhound	NNP
,	,
but	CC
you	PRP
would	MD
need	VB
to	TO
use	VB
another	DT
ground	NN
transportation	NN
option	NN
to	TO
reach	VB
the	DT
Greyhound	NNP
stations	NNS
from	IN
Dulles	NNP
.	.
Dulles	NNP
provides	VBZ
two	CD
daily	JJ
parking	NN
garages	NNS
with	IN
a	DT
combined	VBN
8,325	CD
spaces	NNS
close	RB
to	TO
the	DT
terminal	NN
.	.
Both	DT
garages	NNS
provide	VBP
easy	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
terminal	NN
and	CC
are	VBP
equipped	VBN
with	IN
an	DT
automated	JJ
space	NN
counting	VBG
system	NN
,	,
which	WDT
indicates	VBZ
how	WRB
many	JJ
open	JJ
spaces	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
on	IN
each	DT
level	NN
of	IN
the	DT
garage	NN
.	.
The	DT
signs	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
provide	VBP
this	DT
information	NN
,	,
are	VBP
located	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
top	NN
of	IN
the	DT
ramps	NNS
at	IN
each	DT
level	NN
of	IN
the	DT
garage	NN
.	.
Handicapped-accessible	JJ
parking	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Hourly	NNP
lot	NN
,	,
the	DT
Daily	NNP
Parking	NNP
Garages	NNPS
on	IN
the	DT
first	JJ
level	NN
,	,
and	CC
at	IN
the	DT
Economy	NNP
parking	NN
lots	NNS
in	IN
spaces	NNS
adjacent	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
shuttle	NN
bus	NN
stops	VBZ
.	.
Disabled-Accessible	JJ
courtesy	NN
shuttle	NN
service	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
between	IN
the	DT
Economy	NNP
parking	NN
lots	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
by	IN
calling	VBG
(703) 572-4500	CD
.	.
This	DT
service	NN
may	MD
also	RB
be	VB
requested	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
Economy	NNP
parking	NN
lots	NNS
by	IN
using	VBG
Customer	NN
Assistance	NNP
Call	VB
Boxes	NNPS
.	.
PAY	NN
&	CC
GO	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
new	JJ
automated	VBN
system	NN
designed	VBN
for	IN
quick	JJ
and	CC
easy	JJ
exiting	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
parking	NN
facilities	NNS
at	IN
Dulles	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
PAY	NN
&	CC
GO	NNP
is	VBZ
available	JJ
in	IN
all	DT
Daily	NNP
,	,
Hourly	NNP
and	CC
Economy	NNP
parking	NN
areas	NNS
.	.
PAY	NN
&	CC
GO	NNP
machines	NNS
are	VBP
located	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
lower	JJR
level	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
near	IN
the	DT
east	JJ
and	CC
west	NN
exit	NN
doors	NNS
and	CC
on	IN
the	DT
pedestrian	JJ
bridge	NN
,	,
which	WDT
connects	VBZ
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
Daily	NNP
Parking	NNP
Garage	NNP
.	.
Ronald	NNP
Reagan	NNP
Washington	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
is	VBZ
one	CD
of	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
stringently	RB
noise-controlled	JJ
airports	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
.	.
National	NNP
's	POS
nighttime	NN
noise	NN
rules	NNS
are	VBP
among	IN
the	DT
most	RBS
restrictive	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
country	NN
.	.
Under	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
regulations	NNS
,	,
aircraft	NN
may	MD
be	VB
only	RB
operated	VBN
after	IN
9:59	CD
p.m.	NN
and	CC
before	IN
7:00	CD
a.m.	RB
if	IN
the	DT
noise	NN
level	NN
for	IN
the	DT
aircraft	NN
type	NN
and	CC
model	NN
meets	VBZ
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
's	POS
strict	JJ
noise	NN
standards	NNS
which	WDT
are	VBP
designed	VBN
to	TO
minimize	VB
sleep	NN
interference	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
noise	NN
limitation	NN
is	VBZ
violated	VBN
,	,
the	DT
aircraft	NN
operator	NN
is	VBZ
subject	JJ
to	TO
a	DT
civil	JJ
penalty	NN
up	IN
to	TO
$	$
5,000	CD
per	IN
violation	NN
.	.
National	NNP
's	POS
procedures	NNS
specify	VBP
that	IN
pilots	NNS
of	IN
turbojet	NN
aircraft	NN
departing	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
north	NN
fly	VBP
northwest	RB
over	IN
the	DT
Potomac	NNP
River	NNP
corridor	NN
or	CC
fly	VB
northeast	NN
over	IN
the	DT
Anacostia	NNP
River	NNP
corridor	NN
,	,
and	CC
those	DT
departing	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
south	JJ
follow	VBP
the	DT
Potomac	NNP
River	NNP
corridor	NN
.	.
In	IN
good	JJ
visibility	NN
,	,
pilots	NNS
departing	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
northwest	RB
follow	VBP
the	DT
Potomac	NNP
River	NNP
corridor	NN
to	TO
the	DT
vicinity	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Georgetown	NNP
Reservoir	NNP
about	IN
four	CD
miles	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
.	.
There	EX
they	PRP
have	VBP
the	DT
option	NN
of	IN
continuing	VBG
to	TO
follow	VB
the	DT
river	NN
corridor	NN
visually	RB
or	CC
follow	VB
an	DT
instrument	NN
heading	VBG
until	IN
they	PRP
are	VBP
approximately	RB
ten	CD
nautical	JJ
miles	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
.	.
After	IN
this	DT
point	NN
,	,
they	PRP
are	VBP
turned	VBN
by	RP
air	NN
traffic	NN
control	NN
either	CC
west	NN
or	CC
east	JJ
to	TO
their	PRP$
departure	NN
route	NN
.	.
When	WRB
aircraft	NN
take	VB
off	RP
to	TO
the	DT
south	NN
,	,
they	PRP
follow	VBP
the	DT
Potomac	NNP
River	NNP
for	IN
at	IN
least	JJS
five	CD
miles	NNS
before	IN
being	VBG
turned	VBN
to	TO
their	PRP$
departure	NN
route	NN
.	.
Pilots	NNS
using	VBG
the	DT
Anacostia	NNP
River	NNP
route	NN
follow	VBP
the	DT
river	NN
to	TO
a	DT
point	NN
five	CD
nautical	JJ
miles	NNS
from	IN
National	NNP
before	IN
being	VBG
turned	VBN
to	TO
their	PRP$
departure	NN
route	NN
.	.
When	WRB
visibility	NN
is	VBZ
poor	JJ
or	CC
when	WRB
strong	JJ
wind	NN
conditions	NNS
exist	VBP
,	,
pilots	NNS
are	VBP
directed	VBN
by	IN
Air	NNP
Traffic	NNP
Control	NNP
to	TO
follow	VB
specific	JJ
headings	NNS
.	.
Pilots	NNS
are	VBP
urged	VBN
to	TO
use	VB
thrust	NN
management	NN
,	,
a	DT
procedure	NN
in	IN
which	WDT
pilots	NNS
of	IN
departing	VBG
flights	NNS
cut	VBD
back	RB
on	IN
the	DT
amount	NN
of	IN
power	NN
they	PRP
apply	VBP
during	IN
takeoff	NN
.	.
At	IN
an	DT
altitude	NN
of	IN
1,500	CD
feet	NNS
,	,
the	DT
thrust	NN
is	VBZ
reduced	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
level	NN
that	WDT
would	MD
allow	VB
the	DT
aircraft	NN
to	TO
climb	VB
at	IN
approximately	RB
500	CD
feet	NNS
per	IN
minute	NN
.	.
Normal	JJ
climb	NN
power	NN
is	VBZ
reapplied	VBN
when	WRB
the	DT
aircraft	NN
is	VBZ
10	CD
miles	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
airfield	NN
.	.
National	NNP
's	POS
prescribed	JJ
procedures	NNS
were	VBD
developed	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
relief	NN
to	TO
the	DT
greatest	JJS
number	NN
of	IN
residents	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
region	NN
.	.
Regrettably	RB
,	,
many	JJ
people	NNS
living	VBG
close	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
rivers	NNS
are	VBP
exposed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
noise	NN
from	IN
these	DT
operations	NNS
--	:
a	DT
problem	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
recently	RB
been	VBN
greatly	RB
reduced	VBN
as	IN
older	JJR
,	,
noisier	JJR
aircraft	NN
have	VBP
been	VBN
replaced	VBN
by	IN
newer	JJR
,	,
quieter	JJ
equipment	NN
.	.
A	DT
computerized	JJ
aircraft	NN
noise	NN
monitoring	VBG
system	NN
is	VBZ
used	VBN
for	IN
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
aircraft	NN
.	.
Permanent	JJ
remote	JJ
noise	NN
monitoring	NN
stations	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
installed	VBN
at	IN
strategic	JJ
locations	NNS
keyed	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
primary	JJ
arrival	NN
and	CC
departure	NN
paths	NNS
at	IN
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
Each	DT
noise	NN
monitoring	NN
station	NN
measures	NNS
and	CC
analyzes	VBZ
noise	NN
events	NNS
as	IN
they	PRP
occur	VBP
.	.
The	DT
ability	NN
to	TO
directly	RB
measure	VB
aircraft	NN
noise	NN
at	IN
these	DT
specific	JJ
locations	NNS
helps	VBZ
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
to	TO
identify	VB
the	DT
extent	NN
of	IN
community	NN
noise	NN
impacts	NNS
,	,
to	TO
predict	VB
trends	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
future	NN
,	,
and	CC
to	TO
monitor	VB
compliance	NN
with	IN
National	NNP
's	POS
noise	NN
abatement	NN
procedures	NNS
.	.
Partners	NNS
in	IN
Progress	NNP
Public	NNP
participation	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
key	JJ
element	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
's	POS
effort	NN
to	TO
improve	VB
its	PRP$
noise	NN
abatement	NN
performance	NN
.	.
The	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
works	VBZ
closely	RB
with	IN
local	JJ
government	NN
officials	NNS
,	,
concerned	JJ
citizens	NNS
,	,
the	DT
FAA	NNP
,	,
airlines	NNS
,	,
pilots	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
representatives	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
aviation	NN
industry	NN
to	TO
meet	VB
the	DT
challenge	NN
of	IN
reducing	VBG
aircraft	NN
noise	NN
.	.
Public	NNP
hearings	NNS
,	,
meetings	NNS
with	IN
civic	JJ
and	CC
homeowner	NN
associations	NNS
and	CC
informal	JJ
information	NN
sessions	NNS
provide	VBP
opportunities	NNS
to	TO
discuss	VB
prospective	JJ
noise	NN
abatement	NN
measures	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
coordinates	VBZ
its	PRP$
noise	NN
compatibility	NN
studies	NNS
with	IN
local	JJ
planning	NN
agencies	NNS
so	RB
projected	VBD
airport	NN
development	NN
and	CC
flight	NN
activity	NN
trends	NNS
might	MD
be	VB
considered	VBN
in	IN
land	NN
use	NN
and	CC
zoning	NN
decisions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
works	VBZ
closely	RB
with	IN
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Council	NNP
of	IN
Governments	NNS
on	IN
noise	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
issues	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
airports	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Committee	NNP
on	IN
Noise	NNP
Abatement	NNP
and	CC
Aviation	NNP
at	IN
National	NNP
and	CC
Dulles	NNP
Airports	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
CONAANDA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
the	DT
primary	JJ
body	NN
for	IN
these	DT
issues	NNS
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
committee	NN
please	VB
see	VB
their	PRP$
website	NN
at	IN
http://www.mwcog.org/environment/airport/conaanda	NN
.	.
Although	IN
particular	JJ
emphasis	NN
will	MD
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
community	NN
participation	NN
component	NN
of	IN
the	DT
study	NN
,	,
the	DT
Advisory	NNP
Committee	NNP
will	MD
review	VB
and	CC
comment	VB
on	IN
all	DT
results	NNS
and	CC
recommendations	NNS
regarding	VBG
noise	NN
monitoring	NN
and	CC
abatement	NN
for	IN
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Advisory	NNP
Committee	NNP
is	VBZ
composed	VBN
of	IN
elected	VBN
officials	NNS
and	CC
citizen	NN
representatives	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
six	CD
jurisdictions	NNS
impacted	VBN
by	IN
noise	NN
from	IN
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
,	,
business	NN
groups	NNS
,	,
environmental	JJ
groups	NNS
,	,
airlines	NNS
,	,
air	NN
traffic	NN
control	NN
and	CC
MWAA	NNP
.	.
The	DT
study	NN
began	VBD
in	IN
May	NNP
of	IN
2001	CD
,	,
but	CC
was	VBD
put	VBN
on	IN
hold	NN
after	IN
the	DT
terrorist	JJ
attacks	NNS
on	IN
September	NNP
11	CD
,	,
2001	CD
,	,
and	CC
was	VBD
resumed	VBN
in	IN
July	NNP
2002	CD
.	.
The	DT
Advisory	NNP
Committee	NNP
held	VBD
12	CD
planning	NN
meetings	NNS
.	.
To	TO
ensure	VB
adequate	JJ
public	JJ
involvement	NN
during	IN
development	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Noise	NNP
Compatibility	NNP
Program	NNP
Update	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Project	NNP
Team	NNP
held	VBD
two	CD
sets	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
information	NN
workshops	NNS
,	,
the	DT
first	JJ
set	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
two	CD
workshops	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
was	VBD
held	VBN
on	IN
June	NNP
18-19	CD
,	,
2002	CD
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
second	JJ
set	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
three	CD
workshops	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
was	VBD
held	VBN
on	IN
April	NNP
28-30	CD
,	,
2004	CD
,	,
at	IN
which	WDT
citizens	NNS
provided	VBD
oral	JJ
and	CC
written	JJ
comments	NNS
about	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
and	CC
Airport-related	JJ
noise	NN
concerns	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Council	NNP
of	IN
Governments	NNS
also	RB
conducted	VBD
a	DT
Community	NNP
Outreach	NNP
Survey	NN
to	TO
research	VB
the	DT
public	NN
's	POS
attitudes	NNS
and	CC
perceptions	NNS
about	IN
aircraft	NN
noise	NN
in	IN
the	DT
environs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
.	.
This	DT
survey	NN
included	VBD
a	DT
series	NN
of	IN
telephone	NN
surveys	NNS
with	IN
over	IN
1,200	CD
residents	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Washington	NNP
Metropolitan	NNP
area	NN
,	,
structured	VBN
interviews	NNS
with	IN
regional	JJ
stakeholders	NNS
or	CC
people	NNS
of	IN
relevant	JJ
community	NN
stature	NN
or	CC
influence	NN
,	,
and	CC
focus	NN
groups	NNS
with	IN
residents	NNS
living	VBG
underneath	IN
the	DT
flight	NN
paths	NNS
to	TO
and	CC
from	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Advisory	NNP
Committee	NNP
has	VBZ
completed	VBN
its	PRP$
work	NN
and	CC
identified	VBN
and	CC
recommended	VBN
a	DT
number	NN
of	IN
potential	JJ
noise	NN
abatement	NN
and	CC
mitigation	NN
measures	NNS
.	.
This	DT
document	NN
below	IN
is	VBZ
a	DT
summary	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Committee	NNP
's	POS
work	NN
on	IN
the	DT
noise	NN
compatibility	NN
program	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
future	NN
,	,
Historic	NNP
Terminal	NNP
A	NNP
will	MD
undergo	VB
a	DT
renovation	NN
project	NN
to	TO
restore	VB
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
to	TO
its	PRP$
1941	CD
design	NN
and	CC
architecture	NN
.	.
The	DT
Historic	NNP
Terminal	NNP
will	MD
continue	VB
to	TO
serve	VB
passengers	NNS
and	CC
provide	VB
airline	NN
gates	NNS
,	,
ticket	NN
counters	NNS
,	,
and	CC
concessions	NNS
-	:
all	RB
within	IN
the	DT
framework	NN
of	IN
what	WP
the	DT
Airport	NNP
originally	RB
looked	VBD
like	IN
.	.
Terminal	NNP
B\/C	NNP
opened	VBD
on	IN
July	NNP
27	CD
,	,
1997	CD
.	.
The	DT
Terminal	NNP
has	VBZ
1	CD
million	CD
square	JJ
feet	NNS
of	IN
floor	NN
space	NN
spread	NN
over	IN
three	CD
levels	NNS
with	IN
direct	JJ
connections	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Metrorail	NNP
public	JJ
transportation	NN
system	NN
and	CC
public	JJ
parking	NN
garages	NNS
via	IN
two	CD
enclosed	VBN
pedestrian	JJ
bridges	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Terminal	NNP
's	POS
two-level	JJ
roadway	NN
system	NN
improves	VBZ
traffic	NN
flow	NN
through	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
by	IN
sorting	VBG
arriving	VBG
and	CC
departing	VBG
traffic	NN
.	.
Public	NNP
parking	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
for	IN
nearly	RB
7,900	CD
vehicles	NNS
providing	VBG
hourly	JJ
,	,
daily	JJ
and	CC
economy	NN
options	NNS
.	.
Terminal	NNP
A	NNP
is	VBZ
served	VBN
by	IN
an	DT
hourly	JJ
lot	NN
and	CC
daily	JJ
parking	NN
garage	NN
.	.
Terminal	NNP
B\/C	NNP
is	VBZ
served	VBN
by	IN
hourly	JJ
and	CC
daily	JJ
parking	NN
garages	NNS
.	.
Courtesy	NN
shuttle	NN
buses	NNS
are	VBP
provided	VBN
to	TO
and	CC
from	IN
all	DT
Terminals	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Economy	NNP
Lot	NN
.	.
Taxicabs	NNS
serving	VBG
the	DT
Airport	NNP
queue	NN
in	IN
a	DT
two-level	JJ
118,000	CD
square	JJ
foot	NN
structure	NN
designed	VBN
to	TO
accommodate	VB
500	CD
vehicles	NNS
.	.
About	RB
5,000	CD
taxicabs	NNS
are	VBP
dispatched	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
every	DT
day	NN
.	.
SuperShuttle	NNP
,	,
a	DT
shared-ride	NN
van	NN
service	NN
picks	VBZ
up	RP
passengers	NNS
at	IN
their	PRP$
homes	NNS
,	,
businesses	NNS
or	CC
hotels	NNS
within	IN
the	DT
metro	NN
area	NN
and	CC
transports	VBZ
them	PRP
to	TO
the	DT
airport	NN
.	.
The	DT
Airport	NNP
is	VBZ
also	RB
served	VBN
by	IN
five	CD
car	NN
rental	JJ
companies	NNS
located	VBN
on	IN
site	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
see	VB
the	DT
planes	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
window	NN
walls	NNS
of	IN
Terminal	NNP
B\/C	NNP
and	CC
Terminal	NNP
A	NNP
without	IN
going	VBG
through	IN
the	DT
security	NN
checkpoints	NNS
.	.
At	IN
the	DT
north	JJ
end	NN
of	IN
the	DT
upper	JJ
level	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
ticketing	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
Terminal	NNP
C	NNP
,	,
beyond	IN
Door	NNP
6	CD
,	,
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
North	JJ
Terrace	NNP
area	NN
from	IN
which	WDT
you	PRP
may	MD
view	VB
the	DT
planes	NNS
and	CC
also	RB
see	VB
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Capitol	NNP
in	IN
the	DT
distance	NN
.	.
Or	CC
,	,
if	IN
using	VBG
an	DT
internet	NN
mapping	NN
website	NN
,	,
look	NN
for	IN
``	``
places	NNS
of	IN
interest	NN
''	''
or	CC
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
airports	NNS
.	.
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
is	VBZ
also	RB
known	VBN
as	IN
DCA	NNP
.	.
Most	JJS
of	IN
these	DT
websites	NNS
have	VBP
an	DT
airport	NN
list	NN
since	IN
the	DT
physical	JJ
address	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
widely	RB
known	VBN
.	.
Metrorail	NNP
,	,
shuttles	NNS
,	,
taxis	NNS
and	CC
rental	JJ
cars	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
from	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
.	.
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
has	VBZ
its	PRP$
own	JJ
Metrorail	NNP
stop	NN
for	IN
passengers	NNS
traveling	VBG
to	TO
the	DT
immediate	JJ
Washington	NNP
,	,
Maryland	NNP
and	CC
Virginia	NNP
region	NN
.	.
SuperShuttle	NNP
and	CC
taxis	NNS
offer	VBP
door-to-door	JJ
service	NN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
take	VB
Metrorail	NNP
from	IN
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
to	TO
West	NNP
Falls	NNP
Church	NNP
and	CC
catch	VB
a	DT
Washington	NNP
Flyer	NNP
Coach	VBP
to	TO
Dulles	NNP
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
also	RB
make	VB
connections	NNS
to	TO
Amtrak	NNP
stations	NNS
using	VBG
Metrorail	NNP
,	,
shuttles	NNS
and	CC
taxis	NNS
.	.
Please	VB
click	VB
here	RB
for	IN
rates	NNS
,	,
pickup	NN
locations	NNS
and	CC
contact	NN
information	NN
for	IN
specific	JJ
questions	NNS
.	.
Passengers	NNS
are	VBP
generally	RB
urged	VBN
to	TO
arrive	VB
1	CD
to	TO
2	CD
hours	NNS
before	IN
domestic	JJ
flights	NNS
to	TO
allow	VB
time	NN
to	TO
get	VB
through	IN
airline	NN
ticketing	VBG
and	CC
security	NN
.	.
Contact	NN
your	PRP$
airline	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
specific	JJ
directions	NNS
.	.
For	IN
airline	NN
contact	NN
information	NN
,	,
please	VB
see	VB
this	DT
link	NN
.	.
Some	DT
curbside	JJ
check-in	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
at	IN
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
.	.
However	RB
,	,
this	DT
service	NN
varies	VBZ
by	IN
airline	NN
because	IN
of	IN
Transportation	NNP
Security	NNP
Administration	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
TSA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
restrictions	NNS
.	.
Check	VB
with	IN
your	PRP$
airline	NN
ahead	RB
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
Note	NN
:	:
If	IN
the	DT
national	JJ
threat	NN
level	NN
is	VBZ
raised	VBN
to	TO
Code	NNP
Orange	NNP
,	,
or	CC
high	JJ
risk	NN
of	IN
terrorist	JJ
attack	NN
,	,
curbside	JJ
check-in	NN
may	MD
be	VB
closed	VBN
.	.
You	PRP
can	MD
find	VB
more	JJR
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
threat	NN
level	NN
and	CC
others	NNS
at	IN
http://www.whitehouse.gov/homeland/	NN
.	.
All	DT
electronic	JJ
items	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
laptop	NN
computers	NNS
,	,
cell	NN
phones	NNS
,	,
and	CC
pagers	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
subjected	VBN
to	TO
additional	JJ
screening	NN
.	.
Be	VB
prepared	JJ
to	TO
remove	VB
your	PRP$
laptop	NN
from	IN
its	PRP$
travel	NN
case	NN
so	RB
that	IN
both	DT
can	MD
be	VB
screened	VBN
separately	RB
.	.
Also	RB
,	,
be	VB
prepared	VBN
to	TO
turn	VB
on	RP
all	DT
electronic	JJ
devices	NNS
for	IN
screeners	NNS
.	.
Approximately	RB
150	CD
of	IN
the	DT
phone	NN
banks	NNS
also	RB
have	VBP
a	DT
data-jack	NN
,	,
which	WDT
allows	VBZ
for	IN
Internet	NNP
hook-up	NN
.	.
These	DT
phones	NNS
are	VBP
scattered	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
for	IN
your	PRP$
convenience	NN
.	.
The	DT
cost	NN
for	IN
this	DT
service	NN
is	VBZ
the	DT
same	JJ
$	$
0.50	CD
you	PRP
would	MD
pay	VB
to	TO
make	VB
a	DT
phone	NN
call	NN
from	IN
the	DT
pay	NN
phones	NNS
;	:
you	PRP
only	RB
need	VBP
your	PRP$
laptop	NN
,	,
phone	NN
cord	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
1-800	JJ
number	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
Internet	NNP
service	NN
provider	NN
.	.
The	DT
airlines	NNS
that	WDT
utilize	VBP
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
are	VBP
familiar	JJ
with	IN
the	DT
requirements	NNS
of	IN
traveling	VBG
with	IN
pets	NNS
.	.
For	IN
details	NNS
and	CC
to	TO
make	VB
travel	NN
arrangements	NNS
,	,
contact	NN
your	PRP$
airline	NN
.	.
Once	RB
you	PRP
have	VBP
entered	VBN
the	DT
terminals	NNS
,	,
pets	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
in	IN
a	DT
carry	VBP
case	NN
.	.
Only	RB
seeing-eye	JJ
dogs	NNS
are	VBP
allowed	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
leash	NN
inside	IN
the	DT
terminals	NNS
.	.
Note	NN
:	:
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
grassy	JJ
area	NN
for	IN
pets	NNS
after	IN
passing	VBG
through	IN
security	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
are	VBP
catching	VBG
another	DT
flight	NN
and	CC
a	DT
pet	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
use	VB
the	DT
grassy	JJ
area	NN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
have	VB
to	TO
exit	NN
the	DT
terminal	NN
.	.
Remember	VB
to	TO
take	VB
your	PRP$
photo	NN
ID	NNP
and	CC
boarding	VBG
pass	NN
outside	NN
with	IN
you	PRP
so	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
re-enter	VB
through	IN
security	NN
.	.
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
has	VBZ
more	JJR
than	IN
30	CD
eateries	NNS
,	,
36	CD
shops	NNS
,	,
and	CC
17	CD
retail	JJ
carts	NNS
throughout	IN
the	DT
terminal	NN
.	.
Concession	NN
hours	NNS
vary	VBP
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
need	VB
to	TO
check	VB
with	IN
each	DT
vendor	NN
individually	RB
to	TO
confirm	VB
hours	NNS
of	IN
operation	NN
.	.
The	DT
Airport	NNP
's	POS
concessions	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
contact	NN
information	NN
are	VBP
listed	VBN
at	IN
this	DT
link	NN
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
many	JJ
hotels	NNS
very	RB
close	RB
to	TO
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
,	,
many	JJ
of	IN
which	WDT
provide	VBP
free	JJ
,	,
direct	JJ
shuttle	NN
service	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
is	VBZ
open	JJ
24	CD
hours	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
to	TO
passengers	NNS
.	.
Seating	NN
may	MD
be	VB
limited	VBN
.	.
Restroom	NN
facilities	NNS
are	VBP
available	JJ
but	CC
concessions	NNS
typically	RB
close	RB
down	RB
at	IN
night	NN
.	.
Throughout	IN
the	DT
early	JJ
20th	JJ
century	NN
,	,
airport	NN
facilities	NNS
in	IN
Washington	NNP
,	,
D.C.	NNP
were	VBD
seriously	RB
inadequate	JJ
.	.
Hoover	NNP
Field	NNP
,	,
located	VBN
near	IN
the	DT
present	JJ
site	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Pentagon	NNP
,	,
was	VBD
the	DT
first	JJ
major	JJ
terminal	NN
to	TO
be	VB
developed	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Capital	NNP
area	NN
,	,
opening	VBG
its	PRP$
doors	NNS
in	IN
1926	CD
.	.
The	DT
following	JJ
year	NN
,	,
Washington	NNP
Airport	NNP
,	,
another	DT
privately	RB
operated	VBN
field	NN
,	,
began	VBD
service	NN
next	JJ
door	NN
.	.
In	IN
1930	CD
,	,
the	DT
economics	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Great	NNP
Depression	NN
caused	VBD
the	DT
two	CD
terminals	NNS
to	TO
merge	VB
to	TO
form	VB
Washington-Hoover	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
Bordered	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
east	JJ
by	IN
Highway	NNP
One	CD
--	:
with	IN
its	PRP$
accompanying	VBG
high-tension	JJ
electrical	JJ
wires	NNS
,	,
and	CC
obstructed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
high	JJ
smokestack	NN
on	IN
one	CD
approach	NN
and	CC
a	DT
dump	NN
nearby	RB
--	:
the	DT
field	NN
was	VBD
less	JJR
than	IN
adequate	JJ
.	.
Incredibly	RB
,	,
the	DT
airport	NN
's	POS
one	CD
runway	NN
was	VBD
intersected	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
busy	JJ
street	NN
,	,
Military	NNP
Road	NNP
,	,
which	WDT
had	VBD
guards	NNS
posted	VBD
to	TO
flag	NN
down	RP
traffic	NN
during	IN
takeoffs	NNS
and	CC
landings	NNS
.	.
Before	IN
the	DT
final	JJ
site	NN
selection	NN
,	,
flights	NNS
were	VBD
made	VBN
over	IN
the	DT
area	NN
with	IN
representatives	NNS
of	IN
airline	NN
pilots	NNS
,	,
and	CC
year-round	JJ
studies	NNS
of	IN
weather	NN
conditions	NNS
were	VBD
made	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
U.S.	NNP
Weather	NNP
Bureau	NNP
.	.
It	PRP
was	VBD
found	VBN
that	IN
the	DT
approaches	NNS
to	TO
proposed	VBN
runways	NNS
from	IN
eight	CD
directions	NNS
were	VBD
clear	JJ
for	IN
such	JJ
distances	NNS
as	IN
to	TO
provide	VB
flight	NN
angles	NNS
of	IN
40	CD
to	TO
one	CD
.	.
Several	JJ
government	NN
agencies	NNS
cooperated	VBD
with	IN
the	DT
newly	RB
formed	VBN
Civil	JJ
Aeronautics	NNP
Board	NNP
,	,
predecessor	NN
agency	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Federal	NNP
Aviation	NNP
Administration	NNP
,	,
in	IN
the	DT
construction	NN
of	IN
Washington	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
step	NN
in	IN
construction	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
erect	VB
a	DT
dike	NN
around	IN
the	DT
riverside	NN
perimeter	NN
of	IN
the	DT
site	NN
.	.
The	DT
second	JJ
task	NN
was	VBD
to	TO
clear	VB
the	DT
runway	NN
locations	NNS
of	IN
silt	NN
so	IN
that	IN
sand	NN
and	CC
gravel	NN
could	MD
be	VB
pumped	VBN
on	IN
top	NN
of	IN
a	DT
stable	JJ
base	NN
,	,
eliminating	VBG
the	DT
possibility	NN
of	IN
settling	VBG
.	.
Four	CD
hydraulic	JJ
dredges	NNS
,	,
among	IN
the	DT
largest	JJS
and	CC
most	RBS
powerful	JJ
at	IN
that	DT
time	NN
,	,
cleared	VBD
11	CD
feet	NNS
of	IN
silt	NN
from	IN
the	DT
future	JJ
runway	NN
locations	NNS
to	TO
a	DT
width	NN
of	IN
200	CD
feet	NNS
.	.
Next	JJ
,	,
sand	NN
and	CC
gravel	NN
were	VBD
pumped	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
riverbed	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
canals	NNS
which	WDT
formed	VBD
the	DT
runways	NNS
up	IN
to	TO
a	DT
height	NN
of	IN
20	CD
feet	NNS
above	IN
the	DT
river	NN
level	NN
.	.
By	IN
this	DT
method	NN
,	,
the	DT
runway	NN
base	NN
was	VBD
so	RB
stabilized	VBN
that	IN
paving	NN
could	MD
be	VB
laid	VBN
within	IN
six	CD
months	NNS
after	IN
the	DT
fill	NN
was	VBD
completed	VBN
.	.
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
's	POS
designers	NNS
faced	VBD
a	DT
difficult	JJ
problem	NN
.	.
How	WRB
would	MD
they	PRP
create	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
modern	JJ
of	IN
facilities	NNS
while	IN
honoring	VBG
the	DT
spirit	NN
of	IN
classic	JJ
architecture	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Nation	NN
's	POS
Capital	NN
and	CC
the	DT
colonial	JJ
history	NN
of	IN
the	DT
site	NN
?	.
The	DT
design	NN
,	,
reminiscent	NN
of	IN
nearby	JJ
Mount	NNP
Vernon	NNP
,	,
represented	VBD
a	DT
unique	JJ
attempt	NN
to	TO
create	VB
a	DT
``	``
modern	JJ
''	''
structure	NN
while	IN
still	RB
integrating	VBG
architectural	JJ
references	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
Colonial	NNP
and	CC
Neoclassical	JJ
style	NN
.	.
An	DT
observation	NN
terrace	NN
allowed	VBD
visitors	NNS
a	DT
spectacular	JJ
view	NN
of	IN
the	DT
airfield	NN
.	.
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
opened	VBD
for	IN
business	NN
on	IN
June	NNP
16	CD
,	,
1941	CD
.	.
President	NNP
Roosevelt	NNP
attended	VBD
a	DT
ceremony	NN
and	CC
observed	VBD
the	DT
first	JJ
official	NN
landing	NN
.	.
The	DT
airlines	NNS
drew	VBD
straws	NNS
to	TO
determine	VB
who	WP
could	MD
land	VB
at	IN
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
first	RB
,	,
and	CC
American	NNP
Airlines	NNPS
won	VBD
the	DT
honor	NN
.	.
The	DT
plane	NN
was	VBD
piloted	VBN
by	IN
Bennett	NNP
H.	NNP
Griffin	NNP
,	,
who	WP
later	RB
became	VBD
the	DT
manager	NN
of	IN
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
in	IN
1947	CD
.	.
The	DT
second	JJ
inaugural	JJ
landing	NN
was	VBD
made	VBN
by	IN
Eastern	NNP
Airlines	NNPS
.	.
On	IN
opening	VBG
day	NN
,	,
just	RB
one	CD
hangar	NN
was	VBD
completed	VBN
and	CC
in	IN
operation	NN
.	.
Five	CD
hangars	NNS
were	VBD
under	IN
construction	NN
with	IN
a	DT
seventh	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
planning	NN
stage	NN
.	.
When	WRB
it	PRP
opened	VBD
,	,
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
was	VBD
considered	VBN
the	DT
``	``
last	JJ
word	NN
''	''
in	IN
airports	NNS
--	:
a	DT
concentration	NN
of	IN
the	DT
ultramodern	JJ
developments	NNS
in	IN
design	NN
of	IN
buildings	NNS
,	,
handling	VBG
of	IN
planes	NNS
,	,
air	NN
traffic	NN
and	CC
field	NN
traffic	NN
control	NN
,	,
field	NN
lighting	NN
,	,
facilities	NNS
for	IN
public	JJ
comfort	NN
and	CC
convenience	NN
,	,
and	CC
surface	NN
vehicle	NN
traffic	NN
control	NN
.	.
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
became	VBD
a	DT
success	NN
,	,
but	CC
a	DT
controversy	NN
over	IN
legal	JJ
jurisdiction	NN
began	VBD
to	TO
brew	VB
.	.
Was	VBD
the	DT
airport	NN
located	VBN
in	IN
Virginia	NNP
or	CC
the	DT
District	NNP
of	IN
Columbia	NNP
?	.
The	DT
District	NNP
``	``
owned	VBN
''	''
the	DT
Potomac	NNP
River	NNP
to	TO
Virginia	NNP
,	,
claiming	VBG
the	DT
boundary	NN
had	VBD
been	VBN
set	VBN
in	IN
1846	CD
at	IN
the	DT
high	JJ
water	NN
mark	NN
along	IN
the	DT
shoreline	NN
.	.
But	CC
since	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
was	VBD
built	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
fill	NN
,	,
a	DT
new	JJ
eastern	JJ
shoreline	NN
was	VBD
created	VBN
.	.
The	DT
question	NN
arose	VBD
as	IN
to	TO
whether	IN
the	DT
District	NNP
's	POS
authority	NN
ended	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
shore	NN
or	CC
the	DT
original	JJ
one	CD
.	.
The	DT
problem	NN
went	VBD
unresolved	JJ
until	IN
1945	CD
when	WRB
Congress	NNP
approved	VBD
a	DT
bill	NN
that	WDT
fixed	VBD
the	DT
airport	NN
boundary	NN
at	IN
the	DT
mean	JJ
high	JJ
water	NN
mark	NN
,	,
regardless	RB
of	IN
changes	NNS
,	,
which	WDT
placed	VBD
the	DT
airport	NN
in	IN
Virginia	NNP
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
Congress	NNP
established	VBD
exclusive	JJ
federal	JJ
jurisdiction	NN
over	IN
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
The	DT
federal	JJ
government	NN
relinquished	VBD
direct	JJ
control	NN
of	IN
National	NNP
and	CC
Dulles	NNP
Airports	NNPS
when	WRB
President	NNP
Ronald	NNP
Reagan	NNP
signed	VBD
the	DT
transfer	NN
bill	NN
that	WDT
authorized	VBD
the	DT
creation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
in	IN
1987	CD
.	.
The	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
an	DT
independent	JJ
interstate	JJ
agency	NN
created	VBN
by	IN
legislation	NN
enacted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Commonwealth	NNP
of	IN
Virginia	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
District	NNP
of	IN
Columbia	NNP
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
consent	NN
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
Congress	NNP
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
operating	VBG
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
and	CC
Ronald	NNP
Reagan	NNP
Washington	NNP
National	NNP
Airports	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
operates	VBZ
this	DT
two	CD
airport	NN
system	NN
,	,
which	WDT
provides	VBZ
domestic	JJ
and	CC
international	JJ
air	NN
service	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
region	NN
.	.
The	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
financially	RB
self-sustaining	JJ
agency	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
operating	VBG
both	DT
Dulles	NNPS
and	CC
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
capital	NN
improvements	NNS
at	IN
both	DT
airports	NNS
.	.
On	IN
July	NNP
27	CD
,	,
1997	CD
,	,
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
was	VBD
transformed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
official	JJ
opening	NN
of	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
Terminal	NNP
which	WDT
offers	VBZ
modern	JJ
,	,
efficient	JJ
facilities	NNS
that	WDT
include	VBP
direct	JJ
connections	NNS
to	TO
Metrorail	NNP
and	CC
new	JJ
parking	NN
garages	NNS
via	IN
enclosed	VBN
pedestrian	NN
bridges	NNS
.	.
The	DT
three-level	JJ
,	,
one	CD
million	CD
square	JJ
foot	NN
terminal	NN
houses	NNS
35	CD
aircraft	NN
gates	NNS
and	CC
``	``
National	NNP
Hall	NNP
''	''
,	,
a	DT
main	JJ
street	NN
for	IN
shops	NNS
and	CC
eateries	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
concourse	NN
level	NN
.	.
The	DT
terminal	NN
provides	VBZ
100	CD
ticket	NN
counters	NNS
,	,
12	CD
baggage	NN
claims	NNS
,	,
three	CD
piers	NNS
where	WRB
airline	NN
gates	NNS
are	VBP
located	VBN
and	CC
a	DT
passenger	NN
connector	NN
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
A.	NN
To	TO
enhance	VB
the	DT
spacious	JJ
,	,
passenger	NN
friendly	JJ
environment	NN
,	,
the	DT
terminal	NN
offers	VBZ
an	DT
unparalleled	JJ
view	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Nation	NN
's	POS
Capital	NN
and	CC
works	NNS
of	IN
art	NN
from	IN
30	CD
artists	NNS
are	VBP
incorporated	VBN
into	IN
the	DT
structure	NN
of	IN
the	DT
terminal	NN
using	VBG
various	JJ
designs	NNS
--	:
glass	NN
,	,
marble	NN
,	,
mosaic	NN
,	,
terrazzo	NN
,	,
murals	NNS
,	,
balustrades	NNS
and	CC
sculpture	NN
.	.
Renowned	JJ
architect	NN
Cesar	NNP
Pelli	NNP
designed	VBD
a	DT
Washington	NNP
landmark	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
both	DT
functional	JJ
and	CC
aesthetically	RB
pleasing	VBG
.	.
Pelli	NNP
's	POS
design	NN
included	VBD
a	DT
large	JJ
window	NN
overlooking	VBG
airport	NN
operations	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
Washington	NNP
,	,
D.C.	NNP
skyline	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
building	NN
is	VBZ
adorned	VBN
with	IN
54	CD
``	``
Jeffersonian	JJ
''	''
domes	NNS
that	WDT
establish	VBP
a	DT
connection	NN
with	IN
the	DT
architecture	NN
of	IN
the	DT
region	NN
.	.
The	DT
modernization	NN
of	IN
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
opening	NN
of	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
terminal	NN
in	IN
1997	CD
,	,
has	VBZ
not	RB
deterred	VBN
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
from	IN
ensuring	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
legacy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
environs	NNS
is	VBZ
preserved	VBN
.	.
Thank	VB
you	PRP
for	IN
taking	VBG
the	DT
time	NN
to	TO
fill	VB
out	RP
this	DT
short	JJ
Customer	NN
Satisfaction	NN
survey	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Lost	VBN
and	CC
Found	NNP
Office	NNP
at	IN
Ronald	NNP
Reagan	NNP
Washington	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
Your	PRP$
participation	NN
in	IN
this	DT
study	NN
is	VBZ
completely	RB
voluntary	JJ
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
very	RB
important	JJ
for	IN
us	PRP
to	TO
learn	VB
your	PRP$
opinions	NNS
.	.
Your	PRP$
survey	NN
responses	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
strictly	RB
confidential	JJ
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
questions	NNS
at	IN
any	DT
time	NN
about	IN
the	DT
survey	NN
or	CC
the	DT
procedures	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
may	MD
contact	VB
the	DT
DCA	NNP
Lost	VBD
and	CC
Found	VBD
Office	NNP
at	IN
(703) 417-0673	CD
or	CC
by	IN
email	NN
at	IN
the	DT
email	NN
address	NN
specified	VBN
below	IN
.	.
Thank	VB
you	PRP
very	RB
much	RB
for	IN
taking	VBG
the	DT
time	NN
to	TO
help	VB
us	PRP
better	JJR
our	PRP$
level	NN
of	IN
customer	NN
service	NN
provided	VBN
.	.
Nearby	JJ
Hotels	NNPS
-	:
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
Updated	NNP
12/28/06	CD
.	.
Hotels	NNPS
and	CC
motels	NNS
are	VBP
listed	VBN
alphabetically	RB
within	IN
each	DT
city	NN
.	.
Cities	NNPS
are	VBP
listed	VBN
by	IN
approximate	JJ
distance	NN
from	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
,	,
and	CC
most	JJS
are	VBP
within	IN
10	CD
miles	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
.	.
This	DT
is	VBZ
in	IN
no	DT
way	NN
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
list	NN
of	IN
the	DT
hotels	NNS
and	CC
motels	NNS
near	IN
Ronald	NNP
Reagan	NNP
Washington	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
Contact	NN
the	DT
Webmaster	NNP
if	IN
this	DT
information	NN
should	MD
be	VB
updated	VBN
.	.
Public	NNP
TelephonesIn	NNP
Terminals	NNS
B	NNP
and	CC
C	NNP
,	,
TTY	NNP
units	NNS
are	VBP
located	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
and	CC
are	VBP
clearly	RB
marked	VBN
with	IN
blue	JJ
and	CC
white	JJ
signs	NNS
above	IN
each	DT
unit	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
each	DT
group	NN
of	IN
pay	NN
phones	NNS
has	VBZ
a	DT
clear	JJ
path	NN
to	TO
a	DT
wheelchair	NN
accessible	JJ
unit	NN
.	.
All	DT
pay	NN
telephones	NNS
are	VBP
equipped	VBN
with	IN
volume	NN
control	NN
,	,
are	VBP
hearing-aid	JJ
compatible	JJ
,	,
and	CC
have	VBP
Braille	NNP
or	CC
raised	VBN
numbers	NNS
.	.
Over	IN
one-third	NN
of	IN
our	PRP$
public	JJ
pay	NN
telephones	NNS
are	VBP
equipped	VBN
with	IN
connections	NNS
for	IN
portable	JJ
computers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
several	JJ
of	IN
these	DT
units	NNS
also	RB
have	VBP
power	NN
connections	NNS
available	JJ
for	IN
PC	NN
users	NNS
.	.
Public	NNP
Address	NNP
and	CC
Information	NNP
SystemsA	NNP
Visual	NNP
Paging	NNP
System	NNP
is	VBZ
used	VBN
in	IN
addition	NN
to	TO
the	DT
audible	JJ
Public	NNP
Address	NNP
System	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
broadcast	NN
of	IN
airport	NN
information	NN
to	TO
the	DT
general	JJ
public	NN
.	.
The	DT
Visual	NNP
Page	NNP
is	VBZ
prominently	RB
above	IN
each	DT
of	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
Directories	NNPS
throughout	IN
Terminals	NNS
B	NNP
and	CC
C.	NNP
Within	IN
the	DT
holdrooms	NNS
at	IN
each	DT
airline	NN
's	POS
gates	NNS
,	,
visual	JJ
boarding	VBG
announcements	NNS
appear	VBP
on	IN
monitors	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
that	IN
all	DT
passengers	NNS
are	VBP
able	JJ
have	VBP
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
boarding	VBG
process	NN
.	.
Flight	NNP
Information	NNP
Display	NNP
System	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FIDS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
boards	NNS
and	CC
Baggage	NNP
Information	NNP
Display	NNP
System	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
BIDS	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
units	NNS
are	VBP
placed	VBN
throughout	IN
the	DT
Terminals	NNS
and	CC
have	VBP
been	VBN
carefully	RB
situated	VBN
to	TO
minimize	VB
glare	NN
and	CC
ensure	VB
readability	NN
.	.
Concerned	JJ
about	IN
delays	NNS
at	IN
an	DT
airport	NN
?	.
The	DT
Federal	NNP
Aviation	NNP
Administration	NNP
's	POS
Air	NNP
Traffic	NNP
Control	NNP
System	NNP
Command	NNP
Center	NNP
provides	VBZ
current	JJ
airport	NN
status	NN
for	IN
many	JJ
airports	NNS
around	IN
the	DT
country	NN
including	VBG
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
no	DT
charge	NN
for	IN
vehicles	NNS
exiting	VBG
within	IN
20	CD
minutes	NNS
of	IN
entry	NN
at	IN
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
parking	NN
facilities	NNS
.	.
Free	NNP
shuttle	NN
service	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
from	IN
all	DT
parking	NN
facilities	NNS
,	,
at	IN
6-7	CD
minute	NN
intervals	NNS
,	,
for	IN
passengers	NNS
24	CD
hours	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
,	,
seven	CD
days	NNS
a	DT
week	NN
.	.
Hourly	JJ
parking	NN
is	VBZ
intended	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
stay	NN
of	IN
less	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
hours	NNS
.	.
Daily	NNP
parking	NN
is	VBZ
intended	VBN
for	IN
a	DT
stay	NN
of	IN
one	CD
or	CC
two	CD
days	NNS
.	.
Economy	NN
parking	NN
is	VBZ
intended	VBN
for	IN
extended	JJ
stays	NNS
.	.
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
provides	VBZ
video	JJ
information	NN
screens	NNS
above	IN
the	DT
Security	NNP
Screening	NNP
checkpoints	NNS
.	.
The	DT
security	NN
information	NN
displayed	VBD
provides	VBZ
passengers	NNS
with	IN
important	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
screening	VBG
procedure	NN
and	CC
tips	NNS
to	TO
speed	VB
your	PRP$
way	NN
through	IN
security	NN
.	.
Passengers	NNS
with	IN
medical	JJ
conditions	NNS
that	WDT
require	VBP
them	PRP
to	TO
carry	VB
a	DT
needle	NN
and\/or	CC
syringe	NN
must	MD
also	RB
have	VB
the	DT
medication	NN
that	WDT
requires	VBZ
such	JJ
injection	NN
in	IN
their	PRP$
possession	NN
.	.
The	DT
medication	NN
must	MD
be	VB
packaged	VBN
with	IN
a	DT
pharmaceutical	JJ
label	NN
or	CC
professionally	RB
printed	VBN
label	NN
identifying	VBG
the	DT
medication	NN
.	.
During	IN
non-peak	JJ
travel	NN
times	NNS
,	,
passengers	NNS
are	VBP
urged	VBN
to	TO
arrive	VB
1	LS
-	:
2	CD
hours	NNS
before	IN
flights	NNS
to	TO
allow	VB
time	NN
to	TO
get	VB
through	IN
airline	NN
ticketing	VBG
and	CC
security	NN
.	.
Contact	NN
your	PRP$
airline	NN
for	IN
more	JJR
specific	JJ
directions	NNS
on	IN
this	DT
.	.
Gates	NNP
at	IN
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
are	VBP
divided	VBN
among	IN
three	CD
airline	NN
piers	NNS
in	IN
Terminal	NNP
B\/C	NNP
.	.
Some	DT
airline	NN
gates	NNS
are	VBP
also	RB
located	VBN
in	IN
Terminal	NNP
A.	NN
Please	UH
see	VB
the	DT
terminal	NN
map	NN
for	IN
information	NN
on	IN
where	WRB
your	PRP$
airline	NN
gate	NN
is	VBZ
located	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Architectural	NNP
Enhancement	NNP
Program	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
AEP	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
integrates	VBZ
commissioned	VBN
artworks	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
architecture	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Terminal	NNP
.	.
Each	DT
piece	NN
is	VBZ
integral	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
building	NN
.	.
The	DT
30	CD
individual	JJ
works	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
executed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
great	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
materials	NNS
:	:
stained	JJ
glass	NN
,	,
marble	NN
and	CC
glass	NN
mosaics	NNS
,	,
terrazzo	NN
,	,
cast	VBD
bronze	NN
,	,
hammered	VBN
aluminum	NN
and	CC
copper	NN
,	,
painted	VBN
steel	NN
,	,
porcelain	NN
enamel	NN
and	CC
traditional	JJ
paint	NN
on	IN
board	NN
and	CC
canvas	NN
.	.
Numerous	JJ
local	JJ
and	CC
national	JJ
organizations	NNS
were	VBD
contacted	VBN
to	TO
reach	VB
out	RP
to	TO
the	DT
widest	JJS
possible	JJ
variety	NN
of	IN
artists	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
program	NN
.	.
The	DT
sites	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
artwork	NN
include	VBP
10	CD
floor	NN
medallions	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
Concourse	NNP
;	:
11	CD
balustrades	NNS
that	WDT
overlook	VBP
the	DT
Concourse	NNP
;	:
5	CD
murals	NNS
;	:
1	CD
bridge	NN
sculpture	NN
;	:
1	CD
sunscreen	NN
panel	NN
on	IN
the	DT
south	JJ
wall	NN
of	IN
the	DT
ticket	NN
level	NN
lobby	NN
;	:
and	CC
2	CD
stained	JJ
glass	NN
friezes	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
concourse-airside	NN
curtainwall	NN
.	.
General	NNP
Flight	NNP
Information	NN
For	IN
current	JJ
flight	NN
schedules	NNS
and	CC
status	NN
information	NN
,	,
please	VB
contact	NN
the	DT
airline	NN
directly	RB
.	.
Phone	NN
numbers	NNS
and	CC
links	NNS
to	TO
airline	NN
Web	NNP
Pages	NNP
are	VBP
provided	VBN
for	IN
your	PRP$
use	NN
.	.
Information	NNP
contained	VBD
here	RB
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Airlines	NNPS
and	CC
others	NNS
and	CC
is	VBZ
passed	VBN
on	RP
by	IN
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
as	IN
a	DT
service	NN
to	TO
the	DT
traveling	VBG
public	NN
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
any	DT
errors	NNS
or	CC
omissions	NNS
.	.
This	DT
information	NN
is	VBZ
subject	JJ
to	TO
change	VB
without	IN
notice	NN
.	.
DCA	NNP
Flight	NNP
Status	NNP
Due	NNP
to	TO
the	DT
many	JJ
factors	NNS
impacting	VBG
flight	NN
schedules	NNS
,	,
we	PRP
suggest	VBP
you	PRP
contact	VB
your	PRP$
airline	NN
directly	RB
for	IN
up	RB
to	TO
date	NN
flight	NN
status	NN
information	NN
.	.
The	DT
contact	NN
information	NN
for	IN
Airlines	NNP
serving	VBG
DCA	NNP
can	MD
be	VB
located	VBN
by	IN
clicking	VBG
this	DT
link	NN
.	.
Airport	NNP
Regulations	NNPS
allow	VBP
you	PRP
to	TO
pre-arrange	VB
any	DT
vehicle	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
choice	NN
,	,
including	VBG
Super	NNP
Shuttle	NNP
,	,
to	TO
pick	VB
you	PRP
up	RP
at	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
.	.
The	DT
operator	NN
of	IN
the	DT
service	NN
vehicle	NN
must	MD
be	VB
able	JJ
to	TO
show	VB
a	DT
docket	NN
of	IN
the	DT
arrangement	NN
to	TO
traffic	NN
enforcement	NN
officers	NNS
or	CC
Authority	NNP
personnel	NNS
.	.
Service	NNP
vehicles	NNS
other	JJ
than	IN
Super	NNP
Shuttle	NNP
will	MD
pick	VB
you	PRP
up	RP
at	IN
the	DT
second	JJ
curb	NN
outside	IN
Terminal	NNP
B&C	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
overall	JJ
operation	NN
and	CC
management	NN
of	IN
Ronald	NNP
Reagan	NNP
Washington	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
and	CC
is	VBZ
committed	VBN
to	TO
providing	VBG
the	DT
best	JJS
customer	NN
service	NN
possible	JJ
.	.
Thank	VB
you	PRP
for	IN
using	VBG
the	DT
Taxicab	NNP
Dispatch	NNP
service	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
.	.
To	TO
help	VB
us	PRP
serve	VB
you	PRP
better	JJR
,	,
please	VB
take	VB
a	DT
moment	NN
to	TO
answer	VB
the	DT
questions	NNS
below	IN
to	TO
let	VB
us	PRP
know	VB
how	WRB
our	PRP$
services	NNS
,	,
attitudes	NNS
and	CC
responsiveness	NN
met	VBD
your	PRP$
expectations	NNS
and	CC
needs	NNS
.	.
Courtesy	NN
shuttle	NN
bus	NN
service	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
from	IN
all	DT
parking	NN
areas	NNS
to	TO
all	DT
terminals	NNS
,	,
24	CD
hours	NNS
a	DT
day	NN
.	.
Shuttle	NN
buses	NNS
operate	VBP
along	IN
established	VBN
routes	NNS
between	IN
the	DT
parking	NN
lots	NNS
approximately	RB
every	DT
six	CD
to	TO
seven	CD
minutes	NNS
.	.
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
is	VBZ
pleased	JJ
to	TO
offer	VB
our	PRP$
customers	NNS
a	DT
new	JJ
parking	NN
option	NN
--	:
Valet	NNP
Parking	NNP
.	.
This	DT
door-to-door	JJ
service	NN
allows	VBZ
you	PRP
to	TO
make	VB
reservations	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Valet	NNP
Parking	NNP
service	NN
located	VBN
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
historic	JJ
Terminal	NNP
A.	NN
On	IN
the	DT
day	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
flight	NN
,	,
drive	NN
directly	RB
to	TO
the	DT
Valet	NNP
Parking	NNP
lot	NN
and	CC
an	DT
attendant	NN
will	MD
give	VB
you	PRP
a	DT
claim	NN
check	NN
to	TO
retrieve	VB
your	PRP$
vehicle	NN
upon	IN
your	PRP$
return	NN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
then	RB
be	VB
driven	VBN
directly	RB
to	TO
the	DT
terminal	NN
entrance	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
airline	NN
in	IN
a	DT
comfortable	JJ
,	,
efficient	JJ
shuttle	NN
van	NN
.	.
It	PRP
's	VBZ
that	IN
easy	JJ
.	.
To	TO
make	VB
a	DT
reservation	NN
,	,
simply	RB
call	VB
(703) 417-1234	CD
and	CC
provide	VB
the	DT
operator	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
credit	NN
card	NN
information	NN
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
then	RB
be	VB
given	VBN
a	DT
reservation	NN
number	NN
and	CC
we	PRP
'll	MD
be	VB
waiting	VBG
for	IN
you	PRP
.	.
Reservations	NNS
canceled	VBD
more	JJR
than	IN
8	CD
hours	NNS
in	IN
advance	NN
of	IN
your	PRP$
arrival	NN
time	NN
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
charged	VBN
.	.
The	DT
route	NN
utilizes	VBZ
Airbus	NNP
340	CD
aircraft	NN
,	,
offering	VBG
customers	NNS
state-of-the-art	JJ
amenities	NNS
for	IN
long-haul	JJ
travel	NN
including	VBG
a	DT
comfortable	JJ
Economy	NNP
Class	NNP
cabin	NN
recently	RB
reconfigured	VBD
to	TO
provide	VB
extra	JJ
legroom	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
Premium	NNP
Business	NNP
Class	NNP
cabin	NN
featuring	VBG
the	DT
airline	NN
's	POS
award-winning	JJ
180-degree	JJ
,	,
lie-flat	JJ
Business	NN
Class	NN
seat	NN
.	.
The	DT
Building	NNP
Code	NNP
Department	NNP
requests	NNS
a	DT
48	CD
hour	NN
notice	NN
for	IN
an	DT
inspection	NN
,	,
but	CC
will	MD
make	VB
every	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
accommodate	VB
next	JJ
day	NN
requests	NNS
.	.
Inspections	NNS
should	MD
not	RB
be	VB
scheduled	VBN
prior	RB
to	TO
7:00	CD
am	VBP
or	CC
after	IN
3:00	CD
pm	NN
.	.
Procurement	NNP
and	CC
Contracts	NNPS
Department	NNP
The	DT
procurement	NN
function	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
accomplished	VBN
through	IN
several	JJ
offices	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Procurement	NNP
and	CC
Contracts	NNPS
Department	NNP
provides	VBZ
procurement	JJ
support	NN
to	TO
the	DT
entire	JJ
Authority	NNP
to	TO
include	VB
Ronald	NNP
Reagan	NNP
Washington	NNP
National	NNP
and	CC
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airports	NNPS
.	.
It	PRP
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
acquisition	NN
of	IN
goods	NNS
and	CC
services	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
architect\/engineering	VBG
services	NNS
,	,
professional	JJ
services	NNS
,	,
specialty	NN
consultants	NNS
,	,
maintenance	NN
services	NNS
,	,
equipment	NN
,	,
vehicles	NNS
,	,
and	CC
furniture	NN
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
$	$
25,000	CD
,	,
and	CC
construction	NN
projects	NNS
in	IN
excess	NN
of	IN
$	$
2,000	CD
.	.
Purchases	NNS
for	IN
lesser	JJR
dollar	NN
amounts	NNS
are	VBP
generally	RB
handled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Materials	NNPS
Management	NNP
Divisions	NNPS
at	IN
each	DT
airport	NN
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
committed	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
competitive	JJ
procurement	NN
process	NN
and	CC
ensures	VBZ
that	IN
its	PRP$
contracting	NN
actions	NNS
adhere	VBP
to	TO
published	VBN
Authority	NNP
policies	NNS
,	,
sound	JJ
contracting	NN
methods	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
highest	JJS
standards	NNS
of	IN
integrity	NN
and	CC
ethical	JJ
conduct	NN
.	.
As	IN
a	DT
part	NN
of	IN
this	DT
commitment	NN
,	,
the	DT
Authority	NNP
uses	VBZ
full	JJ
and	CC
open	JJ
competition	NN
and	CC
publicizes	VBZ
current	JJ
needs	NNS
through	IN
the	DT
Contracting	VBG
Opportunities	NNPS
On-Line	NNP
website	NN
.	.
The	DT
Contracting	VBG
Opportunities	NNPS
On-Line	NNP
website	NN
provides	VBZ
comprehensive	JJ
project	NN
information	NN
for	IN
construction	NN
,	,
architectural	JJ
and	CC
engineering	NN
,	,
goods	NNS
,	,
services	NNS
,	,
and	CC
concessions	NNS
opportunities	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
.	.
The	DT
information	NN
contained	VBD
within	IN
the	DT
site	NN
is	VBZ
updated	VBN
on	IN
a	DT
daily	JJ
basis	NN
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
the	DT
latest	JJS
,	,
most	RBS
complete	JJ
project	NN
information	NN
available	JJ
.	.
The	DT
site	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
and	CC
managed	VBN
by	IN
Mike	NNP
Giardina	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
Procurement	NNP
Technology	NNP
Specialist	NNP
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
have	VBP
any	DT
questions	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
site	NN
or	CC
need	VB
additional	JJ
information	NN
about	IN
contracting	VBG
opportunities	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
send	VB
an	DT
e-mail	NN
message	NN
to	TO
contracting@mwaa.com	VB
or	CC
call	VB
us	PRP
at	IN
703-417-8672	CD
.	.
Printed	NNP
copies	NNS
of	IN
documents	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
ordered	VBN
or	CC
picked	VBN
up	RP
in	IN
person	NN
at	IN
the	DT
MWAA	NNP
Plans	NNP
Room	NNP
as	IN
listed	VBN
below	RB
.	.
Note	VB
that	IN
there	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
per-copy	JJ
fee	NN
for	IN
printed	VBN
documents	NNS
.	.
CLICK	NNP
HERE	RB
for	IN
additional	JJ
instructions	NNS
on	IN
obtaining	VBG
printed	VBN
documents	NNS
.	.
Every	DT
effort	NN
is	VBZ
undertaken	VBN
to	TO
ensure	VB
the	DT
accuracy	NN
of	IN
all	DT
information	NN
within	IN
the	DT
Contracting	VBG
Opportunities	NNPS
On-Line	NNP
website	NN
as	IN
of	IN
the	DT
date	NN
posted	VBD
on	IN
each	DT
page	NN
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
event	NN
of	IN
a	DT
discrepancy	NN
,	,
information	NN
contained	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
official	JJ
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
documents	NNS
shall	MD
take	VB
precedence	NN
.	.
All	DT
Planholders	NNP
Lists	NNP
are	VBP
provided	VBN
for	IN
informational	JJ
purposes	NNS
only	RB
,	,
with	IN
the	DT
understanding	NN
that	IN
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
does	VBZ
not	RB
endorse	VB
any	DT
of	IN
the	DT
firms	NNS
listed	VBN
.	.
Additionally	RB
,	,
the	DT
lists	NNS
reflect	VBP
only	RB
those	DT
firms	NNS
that	WDT
have	VBP
either	DT
registered	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
planholder	NN
on-line	JJ
or	CC
have	VB
purchased	VBN
printed	VBN
copies	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
as	IN
of	IN
the	DT
date	NN
shown	VBN
,	,
and	CC
are	VBP
only	RB
as	RB
accurate	JJ
as	IN
the	DT
information	NN
provided	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
time	NN
of	IN
registration	NN
.	.
The	DT
DBE	NNP
Program	NNP
covers	VBZ
contracts	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
funded	VBN
in	IN
part	NN
or	CC
in	IN
whole	JJ
with	IN
federal	JJ
dollars	NNS
.	.
This	DT
program	NN
provides	VBZ
opportunities	NNS
to	TO
firms	NNS
who	WP
meet	VBP
the	DT
federal	JJ
eligibility	NN
standards	NNS
for	IN
DBEs	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
must	MD
comply	VB
with	IN
Department	NNP
of	IN
Transportation	NNP
regulations	NNS
in	IN
49	CD
CFR	NNP
Part	NNP
26	CD
,	,
when	WRB
certifying	VBG
DBEs	NNS
.	.
To	TO
qualify	VB
as	IN
a	DT
DBE	NNP
under	IN
49	CD
CFR	NNP
Part	NNP
26	CD
,	,
a	DT
business	NN
must	MD
be	VB
a	DT
small	JJ
business	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
as	IN
defined	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Small	NNP
Business	NNP
Administration	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
which	WDT
is	VBZ
at	IN
least	JJS
51	CD
percent	NN
owned	VBN
by	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
socially	RB
and	CC
economically	RB
disadvantaged	JJ
individuals	NNS
.	.
African	JJ
American	NNP
,	,
Hispanic	NNP
Americans	NNPS
,	,
Native	JJ
Americans	NNPS
,	,
Subcontinent	NNP
Asian	NNP
Americans	NNPS
,	,
Asian-Pacific	NNP
Americans	NNPS
and	CC
women	NNS
are	VBP
presumed	VBN
to	TO
be	VB
socially	RB
and	CC
economically	RB
disadvantaged	JJ
.	.
The	DT
management	NN
and	CC
daily	JJ
business	NN
operations	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
controlled	VBN
by	IN
one	CD
or	CC
more	JJR
of	IN
the	DT
socially	RB
and	CC
economically	RB
disadvantaged	JJ
individuals	NNS
who	WP
own	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
The	DT
receipts	NNS
of	IN
all	DT
affiliate	NN
companies	NNS
are	VBP
counted	VBN
in	IN
determining	VBG
size	NN
.	.
All	DT
firms	NNS
with	IN
LDBE	NNP
certifications	NNS
were	VBD
advised	VBN
of	IN
their	PRP$
classification	NN
under	IN
the	DT
NAICS	NNP
codes	NNS
and	CC
eligibility	NN
under	IN
the	DT
revised	VBN
small	JJ
business	NN
size	NN
standards	NNS
after	IN
the	DT
conversion	NN
.	.
Firms	NNS
with	IN
DBE	NNP
certification	NN
have	VBP
also	RB
been	VBN
notified	VBN
of	IN
the	DT
conversion	NN
of	IN
their	PRP$
SIC	NNP
codes	NNS
to	TO
NAICS	NNP
.	.
LDBE	JJ
firms	NNS
currently	RB
working	VBG
on	IN
Authority	NNP
contracts	NNS
who	WP
become	VBP
ineligible	JJ
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
adoption	NN
of	IN
the	DT
NAICS	NNP
code	NN
and	CC
SBA	NNP
small	JJ
business	NN
size	NN
standards	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
permitted	VBN
to	TO
complete	VB
their	PRP$
current	JJ
contract	NN
requirements	NNS
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
The	DT
Contractor	NN
shall	MD
furnish	VB
all	DT
necessary	JJ
labor	NN
,	,
materials	NNS
,	,
tools	NNS
,	,
equipment	NN
and	CC
supervision	NN
for	IN
airfield	NN
pavement	NN
rehabilitation	NN
and	CC
replacement	NN
on	IN
Taxiway	NNP
Q	NNP
at	IN
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
The	DT
work	NN
includes	VBZ
replacement	NN
of	IN
individual	JJ
Portland	NNP
Cement	NNP
Concrete	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
PCC	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
panels	NNS
,	,
partial	JJ
depth	NN
spall	NN
repairs	NNS
,	,
bituminous	JJ
linear	JJ
crack	NN
repairs	NNS
,	,
replacement	NN
of	IN
joint	JJ
sealant	NN
material	NN
and	CC
sawcut	NN
and	CC
sealing	VBG
of	IN
linear	JJ
cracks	NNS
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
The	DT
Contractor	NN
shall	MD
furnish	VB
all	DT
necessary	JJ
labor	NN
,	,
tools	NNS
,	,
equipment	NN
and	CC
supervision	NN
to	TO
remove	VB
and	CC
dispose	VB
of	IN
sludge	NN
,	,
grease	NN
and	CC
grit	NN
from	IN
five	CD
sanitary	JJ
waste	NN
lift	NN
stations	NNS
at	IN
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airport	NNP
on	IN
a	DT
quarterly	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
The	DT
scope	NN
involves	VBZ
removal	NN
,	,
transportation	NN
and	CC
disposal	NN
of	IN
approximately	RB
60	CD
tons\/14	CD
,000	CD
gallons	NNS
of	IN
non-hazardous	JJ
waste	NN
per	IN
quarterly	JJ
event	NN
and	CC
the	DT
work	NN
must	MD
be	VB
conducted	VBN
at	IN
night	NN
and	CC
will	MD
include	VB
confined	VBN
space	NN
operations	NNS
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
The	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
seeking	VBG
proposals	NNS
from	IN
all	DT
interested	JJ
and	CC
qualified	JJ
Offerors	NNS
desiring	VBG
to	TO
operate	VB
,	,
manage	VB
,	,
and	CC
maintain	VB
the	DT
taxicab	NN
dispatch	VB
and	CC
commercial	JJ
vehicle	NN
curb	NN
management	NN
concession	NN
at	IN
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
The	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
seeking	VBG
separate	JJ
proposals	NNS
from	IN
all	DT
interested	JJ
and	CC
qualified	JJ
Offerors	NNS
desiring	VBG
to	TO
operate	VB
and	CC
manage	VB
a	DT
shared	VBN
ride	NN
van	NN
service	NN
concession	NN
at	IN
Ronald	NNP
Reagan	NNP
Washington	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
and	CC
\/	CD
or	CC
at	IN
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
The	DT
Contractor	NN
shall	MD
provide	VB
professional	JJ
consulting	NN
services	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
's	POS
Office	NNP
of	IN
Human	NNP
Resources	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
needs	VBZ
support	NN
in	IN
developing	VBG
strategic	JJ
Organization	NNP
Development	NNP
programs	NNS
that	WDT
add	VBP
value	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
performance	NN
through	IN
effective	JJ
development	NN
and	CC
management	NN
of	IN
human	JJ
capital	NN
.	.
This	DT
assistance	NN
will	MD
involve	VB
but	CC
is	VBZ
not	RB
limited	VBN
to	TO
conducting	VBG
research	NN
,	,
developing	VBG
recommendations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
implementation	NN
strategies	NNS
related	VBN
to	TO
:	:
organization	NN
development	NN
support	NN
,	,
compensation	NN
program	NN
support	NN
,	,
employment	NN
services	NNS
support	NN
,	,
and	CC
consulting	VBG
assistance	NN
.	.
Work	NN
may	MD
also	RB
involve	VB
developing	VBG
recommendations	NNS
for	IN
integrating	VBG
Human	JJ
Resource	NNP
systems	NNS
and	CC
activities	NNS
to	TO
support	VB
the	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
changing	VBG
business	NN
strategies	NNS
and	CC
organization	NN
designs	NNS
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Expand	VB
airport	NN
parking	NN
space	NN
in	IN
the	DT
vicinity	NN
of	IN
Cargo	NNP
Building	NNP
6	CD
.	.
The	DT
Portland	NNP
cement	NN
concrete	NN
apron	NN
will	MD
serve	VB
cargo	NN
carriers	NNS
and	CC
include	VBP
area	NN
lighting	NN
and	CC
the	DT
construction	NN
of	IN
storm	NN
drainage	NN
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Relocate	VB
airport	NN
functions	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
in	IN
the	DT
existing	VBG
Shop	NNP
1	CD
Annex	NNP
.	.
Provide	VB
interior	JJ
and	CC
exterior	NN
demolition	NN
,	,
installation	NN
of	IN
new	JJ
overhead	JJ
doors	NNS
,	,
construction	NN
of	IN
demising	VBG
walls	NNS
in	IN
open	JJ
bay	NN
area	NN
,	,
architectural	JJ
finishes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
mechanical	JJ
and	CC
electrical	JJ
fit-out	NN
for	IN
shops	NNS
and	CC
offices	NNS
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Construct	VB
a	DT
new	JJ
fire	NN
fighting	VBG
facility	NN
approximately	RB
16,000	CD
sq.	FW
ft.	NN
to	TO
house	VB
personnel	NNS
and	CC
emergency	NN
vehicles	NNS
.	.
Included	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
project	NN
will	MD
be	VB
apparatus	NN
bays	NNS
,	,
living	VBG
quarters	NNS
,	,
administration	NN
space	NN
,	,
a	DT
parking	NN
lot	NN
,	,
utilities	NNS
,	,
and	CC
limited	JJ
improvements	NNS
and	CC
modifications	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
existing	VBG
roadway	NN
.	.
Demolition	NN
of	IN
abandoned	VBN
buildings	NNS
is	VBZ
also	RB
included	VBN
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Provide	VB
a	DT
comprehensive	JJ
ventilation	NN
interface	NN
,	,
control	NN
system	NN
and	CC
procedures	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
APM	NNP
tunnel	NN
ventilation	NN
fans	NNS
,	,
station	NN
smoke	NN
management	NN
systems	NNS
,	,
central	JJ
control	NN
facility	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
alternate	JJ
central	JJ
control	NN
facility	NN
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Provide	VB
interior	JJ
fit-out	NN
for	IN
construction	NN
of	IN
queuing	VBG
lanes	NNS
required	VBN
for	IN
airport	NN
security	NN
screening	NN
.	.
This	DT
project	NN
will	MD
also	RB
include	VB
power	NN
and	CC
communication	NN
distribution	NN
,	,
lighting	NN
,	,
fire	NN
protection	NN
,	,
signage	NN
,	,
furniture	NN
and	CC
equipment	NN
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Construct	VB
a	DT
south	JJ
electrical	JJ
distribution	NN
center	NN
with	IN
the	DT
capacity	NN
to	TO
handle	VB
the	DT
anticipated	JJ
south	NN
airport	NN
electrical	JJ
loads	NNS
.	.
This	DT
new	JJ
center	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
a	DT
34.5	CD
KV	NNP
distribution	NN
system	NN
to	TO
accommodate	VB
the	DT
additional	JJ
electrical	JJ
loads	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
expansion	NN
of	IN
facilities	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
south	NN
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Construct	VB
a	DT
pedestrian	JJ
ramping	NN
system	NN
for	IN
direct	JJ
concourse	NN
level	NN
aircraft	NN
access	NN
at	IN
Concourse	NNP
B	NNP
to	TO
accommodate	VB
the	DT
new	JJ
A380	NNP
aircraft	NN
.	.
The	DT
project	NN
involves	VBZ
modifications	NNS
to	TO
existing	VBG
concourse	NN
facilities	NNS
including	VBG
sterile	JJ
corridors	NNS
and	CC
apron	NN
areas	NNS
at	IN
Gates	NNP
B30\/32	NNP
and	CC
B42\/44	NNP
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Construct	VB
two	CD
facilities	NNS
in	IN
support	NN
of	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
north\/south	JJ
runway	NN
.	.
A	DT
deicing	VBG
facility	NN
will	MD
consist	VB
of	IN
a	DT
single	JJ
story	NN
metal	NN
structure	NN
with	IN
a	DT
mezzanine	JJ
personnel	NNS
support	VBP
area	NN
.	.
Also	RB
included	VBN
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
this	DT
building	NN
will	MD
be	VB
a	DT
deicing	VBG
truck	NN
loading	VBG
area	NN
for	IN
glycol	NN
delivery\/recovery	NN
and	CC
a	DT
glycol	NN
storage	NN
and	CC
blending	VBG
area	NN
.	.
The	DT
second	JJ
facility	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
support	NN
facility	NN
with	IN
various	JJ
storage	NN
and	CC
maintenance	NN
functions	NNS
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Construct	VB
a	DT
building	NN
beneath	IN
the	DT
ticket	NN
level	NN
roadway	NN
of	IN
Terminal	NNP
B\/C	NNP
to	TO
accommodate	VB
the	DT
new	JJ
100	CD
%	NN
in-line	JJ
baggage	NN
system	NN
.	.
The	DT
new	JJ
building	NN
will	MD
be	VB
structurally	RB
supported	VBN
independent	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
existing	VBG
structure	NN
.	.
The	DT
project	NN
will	MD
include	VB
extensive	JJ
phasing	VBG
,	,
maintenance	NN
of	IN
traffic	NN
,	,
and	CC
staging	NN
in	IN
the	DT
existing	VBG
baggage	NN
level	NN
roadway	NN
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Construct	VB
a	DT
westerly	JJ
86,000	CD
sq.	FW
ft.	NN
expansion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
International	NNP
Arrivals	NNPS
Building	NNP
.	.
This	DT
addition	NN
will	MD
provide	VB
additional	JJ
baggage	NN
claim	NN
capacity	NN
and	CC
passenger	NN
queuing	VBG
.	.
The	DT
baggage	NN
basement	NN
will	MD
be	VB
expanded	VBN
by	IN
approximately	RB
94,000	CD
sq.	FW
ft.	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
space	NN
for	IN
seven	CD
new	JJ
devices	NNS
for	IN
baggage	NN
stripping	VBG
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Construct	VB
new	JJ
building	NN
to	TO
house	NN
equipment	NN
including	VBG
chillers	NNS
,	,
high	JJ
temperature	NN
hot	JJ
water	NN
generators	NNS
,	,
auxiliary	JJ
and	CC
electrical	JJ
systems	NNS
.	.
The	DT
project	NN
will	MD
also	RB
include	VB
electrical	JJ
distribution	NN
equipment	NN
to	TO
serve	VB
the	DT
heating	NN
and	CC
cooling	VBG
equipment	NN
,	,
a	DT
new	JJ
4-million	JJ
gallon	NN
domestic	JJ
water	NN
storage	NN
tank	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
distribution	NN
pumping	VBG
system	NN
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Provide	VB
the	DT
final	JJ
layout	NN
of	IN
the	DT
passenger	NN
security	NN
queuing	VBG
lanes	NNS
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
people	NNS
mover	JJ
station	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
.	.
The	DT
project	NN
will	MD
also	RB
include	VB
power	NN
and	CC
communication	NN
distribution	NN
,	,
lighting	NN
,	,
fire	NN
protection	NN
,	,
signage	NN
,	,
furniture	NN
and	CC
equipment	NN
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Provide	VB
cross	JJ
field	NN
taxiways	NNS
connecting	VBG
the	DT
new	JJ
north\/south	JJ
runway	NN
and	CC
the	DT
existing	VBG
runway	NN
1L-19R	NN
.	.
All	DT
work	NN
is	VBZ
within	IN
the	DT
object	NN
free	JJ
area	NN
of	IN
the	DT
existing	VBG
runway	NN
1L-19R	NN
complex	NN
.	.
This	DT
work	NN
will	MD
include	VB
new	JJ
PCC	NNP
pavement	NN
,	,
bituminous	JJ
shoulders	NNS
,	,
installation	NN
of	IN
associated	VBN
drainage	NN
,	,
lighting	NN
,	,
signage	NN
and	CC
markings	NNS
.	.
Seeding	NN
,	,
topsoil	NN
and	CC
mulching	NN
is	VBZ
also	RB
included	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
project	NN
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Relocate	VB
baggage	NN
service	NN
offices	NNS
and	CC
provide	VB
a	DT
new	JJ
connector	NN
between	IN
the	DT
current	JJ
Terminal	NNP
A	NNP
lobby	NN
and	CC
the	DT
1958	CD
terminal	NN
lobby	NN
.	.
The	DT
current	JJ
entrance\/exit	NN
to	TO
the1958	CD
terminal	NN
will	MD
be	VB
reopened	VBN
to	TO
improve	VB
circulation	NN
and	CC
traffic	NN
flow	NN
of	IN
passengers	NNS
.	.
Restrooms	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
updated	VBN
for	IN
ADA	NNP
requirements	NNS
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Modify	VB
the	DT
existing	VBG
BHS	NNP
in	IN
existing	VBG
Bag	NNP
Basement	NNP
area	NN
.	.
Construct	VB
a	DT
3-story	JJ
underground	JJ
concrete	NN
framed	VBD
structure	NN
complete	JJ
with	IN
all	DT
HVAC	NNP
,	,
electrical	JJ
,	,
plumbing	NN
,	,
life	NN
safety	NN
and	CC
security	NN
systems	NNS
.	.
The	DT
work	NN
will	MD
also	RB
require	VB
selective	JJ
demolition	NN
and	CC
relocation	NN
of	IN
existing	VBG
building	NN
mechanical	JJ
,	,
electrical	JJ
,	,
plumbing	NN
,	,
life	NN
safety	NN
and	CC
security	NN
systems	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
existing	VBG
Bag	NNP
Basement	NNP
to	TO
allow	VB
for	IN
the	DT
modifications	NNS
required	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
BHS	NNP
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Provide	VB
advertising	NN
agency	NN
consultant	NN
services	NNS
on	IN
a	DT
task	NN
order	NN
basis	NN
for	IN
ongoing	JJ
marketing	NN
counsel	NN
,	,
advertising	NN
and	CC
media	NNS
support	NN
for	IN
the	DT
creation	NN
,	,
production	NN
and	CC
placement	NN
of	IN
media	NNS
advertising	NN
and	CC
,	,
institutional	JJ
video	NN
production	NN
on	IN
a	DT
local	JJ
,	,
national	JJ
and	CC
international	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
The	DT
Contractor	NN
shall	MD
conduct	VB
a	DT
recurring	VBG
passenger	NN
survey	NN
program	NN
and	CC
perform	VB
research	NN
projects	NNS
designed	VBN
for	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
airport	NN
services	NNS
at	IN
Ronald	NNP
Reagan	NNP
Washington	NNP
National	NNP
and	CC
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airports	NNPS
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
The	DT
Contractor	NN
shall	MD
provide	VB
the	DT
services	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
airport	NN
consultant	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
in	IN
the	DT
evaluation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
financial	JJ
effects	NNS
of	IN
Authority	NNP
programs	NNS
,	,
focusing	VBG
on	IN
the	DT
financial	JJ
feasibility	NN
of	IN
constructing	VBG
facilities	NNS
in	IN
relation	NN
to	TO
the	DT
revenue	NN
streams	NNS
available	JJ
;	:
provide	VB
feasibility	NN
reports	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
facilities	NNS
to	TO
be	VB
financed	VBN
,	,
which	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
an	DT
integral	JJ
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Official	NNP
Statement	NNP
in	IN
public	JJ
debt	NN
offerings	NNS
;	:
serve	VB
as	IN
a	DT
resource	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Authority	NNP
for	IN
developing	VBG
policies	NNS
,	,
practices	NNS
and	CC
agreements	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
users	NNS
and	CC
tenants	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
facilities	NNS
;	:
and	CC
provide	VB
day-to-day	JJ
support	NN
for	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
rates	NNS
and	CC
charges	NNS
forecasting	NN
model	NN
.	.
Description	NN
:	:
Provide	VB
consulting	NN
services	NNS
to	TO
provide	VB
air	NN
service	NN
proposal	NN
documents	NNS
,	,
strategic	JJ
input	NN
and	CC
counsel	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
ongoing	JJ
economic	JJ
research	NN
to	TO
support	VB
the	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
Air	NNP
Service	NNP
Development	NNP
Program	NNP
.	.
Economic	NNP
and	CC
strategic	JJ
analyses	NNS
of	IN
potential	JJ
air	NN
service	NN
routes	NNS
are	VBP
the	DT
primary	JJ
focus	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
's	POS
air	NN
service	NN
proposals	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
discussions	NNS
with	IN
domestic	JJ
and	CC
foreign	JJ
airlines	NNS
,	,
integrated	VBN
carriers	NNS
,	,
freight	NN
forwarders	NNS
and	CC
government	NN
officials	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
currently	RB
accept	VB
Visa	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
's	POS
-LRB-	-LRB-
Authority	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
payment	NN
term	NN
is	VBZ
Net	JJ
30	CD
.	.
Three	CD
copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
invoice	NN
are	VBP
required	VBN
with	IN
the	DT
Purchase	NNP
Order	NNP
number	NN
clearly	RB
stated	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
invoice	NN
.	.
If	IN
three	CD
copies	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
provided	VBN
or	CC
the	DT
Purchase	NNP
Order	NNP
number	NN
is	VBZ
missing	VBG
,	,
the	DT
invoice	NN
shall	MD
be	VB
returned	VBN
unpaid	JJ
until	IN
the	DT
required	VBN
information	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
shall	MD
only	RB
pay	VB
from	IN
an	DT
original	JJ
invoice	NN
.	.
Copies	NNS
and	CC
faxes	NNS
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
accepted	VBN
.	.
Day-to-day	JJ
operation	NN
and	CC
management	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
the	DT
responsibility	NN
of	IN
the	DT
President\/Chief	NNP
Executive	NNP
Officer	NNP
.	.
Dulles	NNP
and	CC
National	NNP
Airports	NNPS
are	VBP
self-supporting	JJ
with	IN
operations	NNS
funded	VBN
through	IN
revenues	NNS
derived	VBN
from	IN
concessions	NNS
,	,
aircraft	NN
landing	NN
fees	NNS
,	,
space	NN
rental	NN
,	,
and	CC
utilities	NNS
sales	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Capital	NNP
Construction	NNP
Program	NNP
aimed	VBD
at	IN
improving	VBG
both	DT
airports	NNS
is	VBZ
financed	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
sale	NN
of	IN
revenue	NN
bonds	NNS
and	CC
,	,
in	IN
some	DT
part	NN
,	,
through	IN
federal	JJ
and	CC
state	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
this	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
Media	NNP
Guide	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
local	JJ
and	CC
national	JJ
news	NN
media	NNS
organizations	NNS
with	IN
information	NN
to	TO
work	VB
most	JJS
effectively	RB
with	IN
the	DT
staff	NN
at	IN
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
.	.
Media	NNP
inquires	VBZ
regarding	VBG
any	DT
aspect	NN
of	IN
airport	NN
operations	NNS
,	,
concessions	NNS
,	,
parking	NN
,	,
or	CC
public	JJ
safety	NN
should	MD
be	VB
directed	VBN
initially	RB
to	TO
the	DT
Public	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
Office	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
.	.
This	DT
includes	VBZ
requests	NNS
to	TO
cover	VB
any	DT
news	NN
stories	NNS
which	WDT
may	MD
take	VB
place	NN
at	IN
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
or	CC
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
A	DT
Public	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
representative	NN
will	MD
assist	VB
the	DT
media	NNS
by	IN
providing	VBG
information	NN
about	IN
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
operations	NNS
of	IN
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
and	CC
Washington	NNP
Dulles	NNP
International	NNP
Airports	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
website	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
www.mwaa.com	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
provides	VBZ
an	DT
extensive	JJ
amount	NN
of	IN
information	NN
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
make	VB
every	DT
effort	NN
to	TO
work	VB
within	IN
the	DT
media	NNS
deadlines	NNS
,	,
however	RB
,	,
we	PRP
ask	VBP
that	IN
you	PRP
give	VBP
us	PRP
ample	JJ
time	NN
,	,
particularly	RB
when	WRB
requesting	VBG
an	DT
interview	NN
or	CC
detailed	VBN
information	NN
that	WDT
might	MD
require	VB
some	DT
research	NN
.	.
News	NNP
releases	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
issued	VBN
to	TO
describe	VB
changes	NNS
in	IN
services	NNS
,	,
airport	NN
construction	NN
,	,
notices	NNS
to	TO
travelers	NNS
during	IN
severe	JJ
weather	NN
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
A	DT
list	NN
of	IN
the	DT
wire	NN
services	NNS
,	,
local	JJ
newspapers	NNS
,	,
television	NN
and	CC
radio	NN
outlets	NNS
is	VBZ
used	VBN
to	TO
send	VB
releases	NNS
by	IN
email	NN
.	.
Please	VB
advise	VB
a	DT
public	JJ
affairs	NNS
staff	NN
member	NN
if	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
be	VB
placed	VBN
on	IN
our	PRP$
email	NN
list	NN
or	CC
if	IN
your	PRP$
contact	NN
information	NN
changes	NNS
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
has	VBZ
a	DT
major	JJ
announcement	NN
that	WDT
will	MD
affect	VB
travelers	NNS
,	,
or	CC
would	MD
like	VB
to	TO
draw	VB
the	DT
public	NN
's	POS
attention	NN
to	TO
an	DT
issue	NN
of	IN
importance	NN
at	IN
the	DT
airports	NNS
,	,
a	DT
news	NN
conference	NN
may	MD
be	VB
called	VBN
.	.
Advance	NNP
media	NNS
advisories	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
issued	VBN
to	TO
alert	VB
you	PRP
of	IN
the	DT
upcoming	JJ
event	NN
and	CC
press	NN
releases	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
material	NN
will	MD
be	VB
provided	VBN
at	IN
the	DT
event	NN
.	.
All	DT
requests	NNS
for	IN
interviews	NNS
with	IN
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
representatives	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
in	IN
advance	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Public	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
Office	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
try	VB
to	TO
provide	VB
a	DT
spokesperson	NN
who	WP
can	MD
best	JJS
address	NN
the	DT
topic	NN
of	IN
the	DT
interview	NN
.	.
Requests	NNS
to	TO
film	NN
at	IN
the	DT
airports	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Public	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
Office	NNP
.	.
If	IN
no	DT
one	NN
is	VBZ
available	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
Public	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
office	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
such	JJ
as	IN
after	IN
hours	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
please	VB
contact	NN
Airport	NNP
Operations	NNP
.	.
Remember	VB
,	,
security	NN
restrictions	NNS
are	VBP
critical	JJ
to	TO
airport	NN
safety	NN
and	CC
will	MD
take	VB
top	JJ
priority	NN
in	IN
every	DT
instance	NN
.	.
Certain	JJ
airport	NN
operations	NNS
fall	VBP
under	IN
the	DT
jurisdiction	NN
of	IN
different	JJ
agencies	NNS
working	VBG
within	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
.	.
The	DT
media	NNS
is	VBZ
requested	VBN
to	TO
go	VB
through	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
agency	NN
public	JJ
affairs	NNS
department	NN
for	IN
interviews	NNS
and	CC
information	NN
.	.
Individual	JJ
airlines	NNS
are	VBP
responsible	JJ
for	IN
issues	NNS
relating	VBG
to	TO
that	DT
particular	JJ
airline	NN
:	:
labor	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
on-time	JJ
performance	NN
,	,
flight	NN
schedules	NNS
,	,
baggage	NN
issues	NNS
,	,
weather	NN
delays	NNS
,	,
etc.	FW
.	.
Members	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
media	NNS
who	WP
join	VBP
our	PRP$
email	NN
list	NN
will	MD
periodically	RB
receive	VB
updated	VBN
airline	NN
public	JJ
affairs	NNS
contact	NN
lists	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Air	NNP
Transport	NNP
Association	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
202-626-4172	CD
-RRB-	-RRB-
also	RB
maintains	VBZ
a	DT
list	NN
of	IN
airline	NN
media	NNS
contacts	NNS
.	.
Airport	NNP
security	NN
is	VBZ
a	DT
highly	RB
confidential	JJ
subject	NN
.	.
Authority	NNP
policy	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
limit	VB
the	DT
information	NN
made	VBD
public	JJ
regarding	VBG
security	NN
procedures	NNS
used	VBN
by	IN
airport	NN
and	CC
federal	JJ
personnel	NNS
.	.
The	DT
only	JJ
information	NN
we	PRP
are	VBP
able	JJ
to	TO
release	NN
is	VBZ
that	IN
which	WDT
is	VBZ
readily	RB
visible	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
The	DT
level	NN
of	IN
airport	NN
security	NN
is	VBZ
established	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Transportation	NNP
Security	NNP
Administration	NNP
and	CC
implemented	VBN
by	IN
airport	NN
and	CC
federal	JJ
personnel	NNS
.	.
For	IN
more	JJR
information	NN
regarding	VBG
airport	NN
security	NN
,	,
contact	NN
TSA	NNP
Public	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
at	IN
571-227-2829	CD
.	.
Live	JJ
Trucks	NNPS
may	MD
park	VB
on	IN
the	DT
upper	JJ
roadway	NN
level	NN
in	IN
front	NN
of	IN
Terminal	NNP
B\/C	NNP
adjacent	JJ
to	TO
the	DT
north	NN
or	CC
south	RB
terraces	NNS
.	.
Parking	NN
is	VBZ
provided	VBN
for	IN
live	JJ
trucks	NNS
only	RB
--	:
no	DT
other	JJ
crew	NN
vehicles	NNS
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
event	NN
of	IN
large	JJ
numbers	NNS
of	IN
live	JJ
trucks	NNS
,	,
the	DT
Airport	NNP
Operations	NNP
Office	NNP
and	CC
Airport	NNP
Police	NNP
will	MD
direct	VB
trucks	NNS
to	TO
alternate	JJ
areas	NNS
.	.
There	EX
are	VBP
no	DT
designated	VBN
live	JJ
truck	NN
parking	NN
locations	NNS
at	IN
Terminal	NNP
A	NNP
,	,
but	CC
space	NN
may	MD
be	VB
temporarily	RB
allocated	VBN
there	EX
if	IN
specific	JJ
needs	NNS
arise	VBP
.	.
The	DT
areas	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
leased	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
airlines	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
tenants	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
ticket	NN
counters	NNS
,	,
boarding	VBG
locations	NNS
and	CC
waiting	VBG
areas	NNS
,	,
private	JJ
offices	NNS
,	,
stores	NNS
,	,
and	CC
restaurants	NNS
,	,
are	VBP
under	IN
the	DT
control	NN
of	IN
those	DT
parties	NNS
,	,
and	CC
media	NNS
access	NN
to	TO
those	DT
areas	NNS
must	MD
be	VB
approved	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
appropriate	JJ
airline	NN
or	CC
business	NN
.	.
The	DT
security	NN
screening	NN
areas	NNS
are	VBP
operated	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
Transportation	NNP
Security	NNP
Administration	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
TSA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Filming	VBG
and	CC
photography	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
permitted	VBN
within	IN
20	CD
feet	NNS
of	IN
any	DT
screening	NN
device	NN
at	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
.	.
For	IN
media	NNS
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
screening	NN
area	NN
equipment	NN
or	CC
TSA	NNP
employees	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
must	MD
obtain	VB
approval	NN
from	IN
TSA	NNP
Public	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
.	.
Airfield	NNP
access	NN
is	VBZ
rarely	RB
granted	VBN
and	CC
strictly	RB
controlled	VBN
.	.
Requests	NNS
for	IN
filming	VBG
in	IN
the	DT
aircraft	NN
movement	NN
areas	NNS
and	CC
near	IN
the	DT
aprons	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
handled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Public	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
Office	NNP
on	IN
a	DT
case-by-case	JJ
basis	NN
.	.
Prior	RB
notification	NN
is	VBZ
essential	JJ
to	TO
ensure	VB
adequate	JJ
staffing	NN
exists	VBZ
to	TO
perform	VB
escort	NN
duties	NNS
.	.
Requests	NNS
for	IN
access	NN
will	MD
be	VB
accommodated	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
extent	NN
manpower	NN
and	CC
operational	JJ
considerations	NNS
permit	VBP
.	.
In	IN
the	DT
event	NN
of	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
situation	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
event	NN
that	WDT
requires	VBZ
the	DT
full	JJ
attention	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
Operations	NNP
staff	NN
,	,
a	DT
prearranged	JJ
escort	NN
may	MD
be	VB
canceled	VBN
.	.
If	IN
a	DT
criminal	JJ
investigation	NN
is	VBZ
underway	JJ
,	,
coordination	NN
of	IN
press	NN
activity	NN
will	MD
be	VB
the	DT
responsibility	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
Police	NNP
Department	NNP
Officer	NNP
in	IN
Charge	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Public	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
Office	NNP
representative	NN
.	.
Filming	VBG
of	IN
crime	NN
scenes	NNS
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
investigative	JJ
events	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
controlled	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
Police	NNP
Department	NNP
.	.
Only	RB
during	IN
severe	JJ
weather	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
heavy	JJ
snow	NN
,	,
hurricane	NN
,	,
tornado	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
would	MD
the	DT
airport	NN
close	NN
for	IN
any	DT
extended	JJ
period	NN
of	IN
time	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
flights	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
delayed	VBN
or	CC
canceled	VBN
due	JJ
to	TO
weather	VB
in	IN
the	DT
surrounding	VBG
area	NN
or	CC
at	IN
the	DT
flight	NN
's	POS
destination	NN
.	.
Briefings	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
conducted	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
Manager	NNP
or	CC
Public	NNP
Safety	NNP
Manager	NNP
as	IN
the	DT
situation	NN
warrants	NNS
.	.
If	IN
an	DT
aircraft	NN
accident	NN
is	VBZ
involved	VBN
,	,
the	DT
National	NNP
Transportation	NNP
Safety	NNP
Board	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NTSB	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
investigating	VBG
team	NN
will	MD
take	VB
charge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
investigation	NN
and	CC
the	DT
release	NN
of	IN
any	DT
information	NN
relative	JJ
to	TO
that	DT
investigation	NN
.	.
In	IN
circumstances	NNS
where	WRB
only	RB
property	NN
damage	NN
occurs	VBZ
,	,
the	DT
Federal	NNP
Aviation	NNP
Administration	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
FAA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
may	MD
conduct	VB
the	DT
investigation	NN
.	.
Other	JJ
federal	JJ
agencies	NNS
,	,
such	JJ
as	IN
Federal	NNP
Bureau	NNP
of	IN
Investigations	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
FBI	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
others	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
involved	VBN
.	.
Only	RB
members	NNS
of	IN
recognized	VBN
media	NNS
organizations	NNS
with	IN
appropriate	JJ
visible	JJ
identification	NN
will	MD
be	VB
permitted	VBN
at	IN
media	NNS
briefings	NNS
and	CC
on	IN
the	DT
Air	NNP
Operations	NNP
Area	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
AOA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
or	CC
transported	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
scene	NN
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
.	.
At	IN
times	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
may	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
to	TO
pool	VB
media	NNS
resources	NNS
.	.
Until	IN
the	DT
arrival	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Public	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
Manager	NNP
,	,
Media	NNP
Relations	NNP
Assistant	NNP
Manager	NNP
or	CC
Communications	NNP
Office	NNP
representative	NN
,	,
questions	NNS
regarding	VBG
the	DT
emergency	NN
or	CC
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
site	NN
will	MD
be	VB
decided	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
Operations	NNP
Duty	NNP
Officer	NNP
or	CC
the	DT
Public	NNP
Safety	NNP
Fire	NNP
or	CC
Police	NNP
official	NN
in	IN
charge	NN
.	.
Based	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
nature	NN
of	IN
the	DT
situation	NN
at	IN
hand	NN
,	,
the	DT
official	NN
in	IN
charge	NN
will	MD
determine	VB
any	DT
restrictions	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
movement	NN
of	IN
the	DT
media	NNS
that	WDT
may	MD
be	VB
necessary	JJ
to	TO
allow	VB
a	DT
safe	JJ
and	CC
orderly	JJ
response	NN
to	TO
an	DT
incident	NN
.	.
Photographs	NNS
and	CC
videotapes	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
taken	VBN
from	IN
any	DT
area	NN
where	WRB
access	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
permitted	VBN
,	,
however	RB
,	,
Public	NNP
Safety	NNP
and	CC
Airport	NNP
Operations	NNP
personnel	NNS
may	MD
restrict	VB
the	DT
use	NN
of	IN
flash	NN
,	,
strobes	NNS
,	,
and	CC
other	JJ
high	JJ
intensity	NN
lighting	NN
that	WDT
might	MD
affect	VB
the	DT
response	NN
to	TO
the	DT
situation	NN
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
recognizes	VBZ
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
interviewing	VBG
victims	NNS
of	IN
an	DT
aircraft	NN
or	CC
other	JJ
emergency	NN
situation	NN
,	,
we	PRP
believe	VBP
our	PRP$
first	JJ
responsibility	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
the	DT
victims	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
families	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
right	NN
to	TO
privacy	NN
.	.
If	IN
any	DT
individuals	NNS
are	VBP
reluctant	JJ
to	TO
be	VB
interviewed	VBN
or	CC
photographed	VBN
,	,
the	DT
Authority	NNP
will	MD
support	VB
their	PRP$
decision	NN
.	.
Media	NNP
representatives	NNS
are	VBP
asked	VBN
not	RB
to	TO
resist	VB
,	,
obstruct	VB
,	,
oppose	VBP
or	CC
interfere	VBP
with	IN
any	DT
law	NN
enforcement	NN
officer	NN
in	IN
the	DT
lawful	JJ
execution	NN
of	IN
his	PRP$
or	CC
her	PRP$
duties	NNS
,	,
and	CC
are	VBP
not	RB
exempt	JJ
from	IN
any	DT
federal	JJ
,	,
state	NN
or	CC
local	JJ
laws	NNS
and	CC
will	MD
be	VB
treated	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
same	JJ
manner	NN
as	IN
any	DT
violator	NN
if	IN
arrested	VBN
.	.
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
-	:
North	NNP
terrace	NN
of	IN
Terminal	NNP
C	NNP
,	,
located	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
upper	JJ
-LRB-	-LRB-
ticketing	VBG
-RRB-	-RRB-
level	NN
,	,
outside	IN
Door	NNP
#	#
6	CD
.	.
Only	RB
TV	NN
live	JJ
trucks	NNS
may	MD
park	VB
at	IN
these	DT
locations	NNS
.	.
Other	JJ
parking	NN
for	IN
the	DT
media	NNS
is	VBZ
available	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
public	JJ
parking	NN
lots	NNS
.	.
In	IN
a	DT
non-aircraft	JJ
emergency	NN
situation	NN
,	,
the	DT
Public	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
Manager	NNP
,	,
Assistant	NNP
Media	NNP
Relations	NNPS
Manager	NNP
or	CC
other	JJ
representative	NN
will	MD
coordinate	VB
the	DT
release	NN
of	IN
information	NN
with	IN
the	DT
Public	NNP
Safety	NNP
officials	NNS
or	CC
Operations	NNP
Officer	NNP
in	IN
charge	NN
of	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
response	NN
.	.
Airports	NNS
Authority	NNP
Police	NNP
are	VBP
in	IN
charge	NN
of	IN
investigating	VBG
traffic	NN
accidents	NNS
and	CC
criminal	JJ
activities	NNS
on	IN
airport	NN
property	NN
.	.
Fire	NN
officials	NNS
handle	VBP
fire	NN
and	CC
rescue	NN
and	CC
ambulance	NN
operations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
cause	NN
of	IN
an	DT
aircraft	NN
crash	NN
or	CC
incident	NN
is	VBZ
released	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Transportation	NNP
Safety	NNP
Board	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NTSB	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
after	IN
an	DT
investigation	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
conducted	VBN
.	.
Until	IN
then	RB
,	,
no	DT
agency	NN
will	MD
speculate	VB
about	IN
the	DT
cause	NN
of	IN
the	DT
incident	NN
.	.
Initial	JJ
confirmation	NN
of	IN
any	DT
deaths	NNS
resulting	VBG
from	IN
the	DT
crash	NN
of	IN
a	DT
plane	NN
is	VBZ
made	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
coroner	NN
,	,
medical	JJ
examiner	NN
,	,
or	CC
other	JJ
designated	VBN
law	NN
enforcement	NN
officer	NN
,	,
and	CC
information	NN
will	MD
not	RB
be	VB
released	VBN
until	IN
family	NN
members	NNS
are	VBP
notified	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Airports	NNPS
Police	NNP
Department	NNP
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
establishing	VBG
and	CC
maintaining	VBG
a	DT
security	NN
line	NN
at	IN
the	DT
incident	NN
site	NN
and	CC
ingress\/egress	NN
points	NNS
and	CC
patrol	NN
the	DT
airfield	NN
.	.
The	DT
law	NN
enforcement	NN
officers	NNS
will	MD
also	RB
maintain	VB
constant	JJ
patrol	NN
of	IN
the	DT
airfield	NN
area	NN
.	.
When	WRB
the	DT
fire\/rescue	JJ
effort	NN
is	VBZ
complete	JJ
,	,
Incident	NNP
command	NN
is	VBZ
transferred	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Police	NNP
chief	NN
for	IN
crash	NN
site	NN
security	NN
.	.
The	DT
police	NN
department	NN
also	RB
provides	VBZ
a	DT
variety	NN
of	IN
professional	JJ
services	NNS
such	JJ
as	IN
crime	NN
investigation	NN
;	:
canine	JJ
explosive	JJ
teams	NNS
;	:
and	CC
special	JJ
operations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
Fire	NNP
Department	NNP
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
firefighting	NN
and	CC
emergency	NN
medical	JJ
rescue	NN
operations	NNS
at	IN
Dulles	NNP
and	CC
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
Airports	NNP
,	,
and	CC
river	NN
rescue	NN
at	IN
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
When	WRB
fire	NN
or	CC
rescue	NN
effort	NN
is	VBZ
imminent	JJ
,	,
incident	NN
command	NN
is	VBZ
transferred	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Fire	NN
Chief	NNP
in	IN
command	NN
.	.
The	DT
NTSB	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
Transportation	NNP
Security	NNP
Administration	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
TSA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
are	VBP
the	DT
federal	JJ
agencies	NNS
that	WDT
investigate	VBP
aircraft	NN
accidents	NNS
.	.
They	PRP
also	RB
take	VBP
custody	NN
of	IN
the	DT
aircraft	NN
and	CC
its	PRP$
contents	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
time	NN
fire\/rescue	JJ
activities	NNS
are	VBP
concluded	VBN
until	IN
a	DT
full	JJ
investigation	NN
is	VBZ
completed	VBN
,	,
or	CC
a	DT
release	NN
is	VBZ
given	VBN
.	.
Upon	IN
the	DT
arrival	NN
of	IN
the	DT
NTSB	NNP
investigating	VBG
team	NN
,	,
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
Public	NNP
Affairs	NNPS
Staff	NNP
may	MD
assume	VB
a	DT
support	NN
role	NN
to	TO
the	DT
NTSB	NNP
or	CC
the	DT
FAA	NNP
at	IN
their	PRP$
request	NN
.	.
The	DT
NTSB	NNP
also	RB
operates	VBZ
a	DT
Family	NNP
Assistance	NNP
program	NN
intended	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
for	IN
the	DT
family	NN
members	NNS
of	IN
those	DT
involved	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
aircraft	NN
incident	NN
,	,
and	CC
work	NN
with	IN
the	DT
affected	JJ
airline	NN
's	POS
family	NN
assistance	NN
officials	NNS
.	.
Various	JJ
branches	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
FAA	NNP
have	VBP
responsibilities	NNS
in	IN
an	DT
aircraft	NN
emergency	NN
.	.
The	DT
FAA	NNP
operates	VBZ
the	DT
control	NN
towers	NNS
at	IN
Dulles	NNP
and	CC
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
Airports	NNPS
and	CC
would	MD
control	VB
the	DT
air	NN
traffic	NN
during	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
to	TO
permit	VB
rescue	NN
equipment	NN
to	TO
proceed	VB
to	TO
the	DT
accident	NN
site	NN
.	.
Once	RB
an	DT
alert	NN
is	VBZ
initiated	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
FAA	NNP
Air	NNP
Traffic	NNP
Control	NNP
Tower	NNP
at	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Airport	NNP
Operations	NNP
Office	NNP
assumes	VBZ
control	NN
of	IN
the	DT
airfield	NN
until	IN
the	DT
emergency	NN
is	VBZ
ended	VBN
.	.
This	DT
agency	NN
is	VBZ
responsible	JJ
for	IN
airport	NN
security	NN
screening	NN
of	IN
passengers	NNS
and	CC
baggage	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
security	NN
functions	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
nation	NN
's	POS
airports	NNS
.	.
In	IN
an	DT
emergency	NN
,	,
TSA	NNP
representatives	NNS
will	MD
work	VB
with	IN
Authority	NNP
personnel	NNS
and	CC
public	JJ
safety	NN
to	TO
work	VB
the	DT
incident	NN
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
maintain	VB
the	DT
security	NN
of	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
and	CC
processing	NN
of	IN
passengers	NNS
through	IN
security	NN
screening	NN
.	.
The	DT
Department	NNP
is	VBZ
also	RB
responsible	JJ
for	IN
the	DT
Air	NNP
Marshal	NNP
Program	NNP
and	CC
Customs	NNP
and	CC
Border	NNP
Protection	NNP
.	.
The	DT
FBI	NNP
has	VBZ
jurisdiction	NN
if	IN
a	DT
hijacking	NN
or	CC
hostage	NN
taking	VBG
incident	NN
occurs	VBZ
aboard	IN
an	DT
aircraft	NN
that	WDT
is	VBZ
still	RB
on	IN
the	DT
ground	NN
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
aircraft	NN
is	VBZ
in	IN
flight	NN
,	,
and	CC
a	DT
hijacking	NN
or	CC
hostage-taking	NN
incident	NN
occurs	VBZ
,	,
the	DT
FAA	NNP
has	VBZ
jurisdiction	NN
with	IN
assistance	NN
from	IN
the	DT
TSA	NNP
and	CC
FBI	NNP
.	.
Other	JJ
potential	JJ
emergencies	NNS
will	MD
involve	VB
the	DT
FBI	NNP
as	RB
well	RB
.	.
The	DT
Authoriy	NNP
's	POS
mission	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
develop	VB
,	,
promote	VB
,	,
and	CC
operate	VBP
safely	RB
National	NNP
and	CC
Dulles	NNP
Airports	NNPS
,	,
continually	RB
striving	VBG
to	TO
improve	VB
our	PRP$
efficiency	NN
,	,
customer	NN
orientation	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
level	NN
of	IN
air	NN
service	NN
offered	VBN
at	IN
National	NNP
and	CC
Dulles	NNP
.	.
We	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
the	DT
best	JJS
managed	VBN
airports	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
.	.
An	DT
Environmental	NNP
Assessment	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
EA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
a	DT
study	NN
under	IN
the	DT
National	NNP
Environmental	NNP
Policy	NNP
Act	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
NEPA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
1969	CD
to	TO
determine	VB
whether	IN
a	DT
proposed	VBN
federal	JJ
action	NN
has	VBZ
the	DT
potential	JJ
to	TO
cause	VB
significant	JJ
environmental	JJ
impacts	NNS
.	.
An	DT
EA	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
decision-making	JJ
tool	NN
that	WDT
analyzes	VBZ
the	DT
potential	JJ
environmental	JJ
effects	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
proposed	VBN
action	NN
-	:
in	IN
this	DT
case	NN
,	,
a	DT
new	JJ
midfield	NN
concourse	NN
,	,
automated	VBN
train	NN
system	NN
and	CC
other	JJ
related	JJ
projects	NNS
-	:
and	CC
its	PRP$
alternatives	NNS
.	.
The	DT
process	NN
provides	VBZ
a	DT
forum	NN
to	TO
address	VB
both	DT
regulatory	JJ
and	CC
public	JJ
concerns	NNS
,	,
and	CC
identifies	VBZ
potential	JJ
impacts	NNS
,	,
including	VBG
:	:
air	NN
quality	NN
;	:
water	NN
quality	NN
;	:
noise	NN
;	:
compatible	JJ
land	NN
use	NN
;	:
social	JJ
and	CC
socioeconomic	JJ
characteristics	NNS
;	:
geology	NN
and	CC
soils	NNS
;	:
historic	JJ
,	,
architectural	JJ
,	,
archaeological	JJ
,	,
and	CC
cultural	JJ
resources	NNS
;	:
biotic	JJ
communities	NNS
;	:
endangered	VBN
and	CC
threatened	VBN
species	NNS
;	:
wetlands	NNS
;	:
floodplains	NNS
;	:
coastal	JJ
zone	NN
management	NN
;	:
coastal	JJ
barriers	NNS
;	:
wild	JJ
and	CC
scenic	JJ
rivers	NNS
;	:
prime	JJ
and	CC
unique	JJ
farmland	NN
;	:
energy	NN
;	:
light	NN
emissions	NNS
;	:
visual	JJ
aesthetics	NNS
;	:
solid	JJ
waste	NN
,	,
hazardous	JJ
waste	NN
,	,
and	CC
pollution	NN
prevention	NN
;	:
and	CC
design	NN
,	,
art	NN
,	,
and	CC
architecture	NN
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
this	DT
Environmental	JJ
Assessment	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
EA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
to	TO
evaluate	VB
existing	JJ
conditions	NNS
and	CC
environmental	JJ
effects	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
Tier	NN
2	CD
midfield	NN
concourse	NN
and	CC
related	JJ
projects	NNS
.	.
These	DT
include	VBP
the	DT
new	JJ
Tier	NN
2	CD
Concourse	NNP
,	,
a	DT
passenger	NN
walkway	NN
between	IN
concourses	NNS
,	,
baggage	NN
tunnels	NNS
,	,
two	CD
underground	JJ
airport	NN
train	NN
systems	NNS
and	CC
associated	VBN
tunnels	NNS
,	,
a	DT
new	JJ
utilities	NNS
building	NN
,	,
and	CC
adaptations	NNS
to	TO
existing	VBG
facilities	NNS
and	CC
utilities	NNS
facilities	NNS
.	.
This	DT
process	NN
is	VBZ
being	VBG
conducted	VBN
in	IN
several	JJ
phases	NNS
.	.
The	DT
process	NN
started	VBD
in	IN
2001	CD
with	IN
significant	JJ
data	NNS
collection	NN
.	.
A	DT
draft	NN
EA	NNP
was	VBD
completed	VBN
and	CC
as	IN
part	NN
of	IN
this	DT
process	NN
,	,
the	DT
draft	NN
EA	NNP
will	MD
be	VB
presented	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
public	NN
and	CC
comments	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
accepted	VBN
until	IN
July	NNP
8th	JJ
.	.
Agency	NNP
and	CC
public	JJ
comments	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
addressed	VBN
in	IN
a	DT
final	JJ
EA	NNP
that	WDT
will	MD
be	VB
issued	VBN
by	IN
FAA	NNP
later	RB
this	DT
summer	NN
.	.
The	DT
economic	JJ
uncertainties	NNS
facing	VBG
commercial	JJ
aviation	NN
following	VBG
the	DT
events	NNS
of	IN
September	NNP
11th	JJ
2001	CD
,	,
have	VBP
affected	VBN
the	DT
schedule	NN
for	IN
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	JJ
projects	NNS
.	.
Some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
projects	NNS
under	IN
consideration	NN
in	IN
this	DT
Environmental	JJ
Assessment	NNP
will	MD
begin	VB
shortly	RB
after	IN
completion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
NEPA	NNP
approval	NN
process	NN
.	.
These	DT
projects	NNS
include	VBP
Apron	NNP
VII	NNP
,	,
a	DT
portion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
domestic	JJ
people	NNS
mover	JJ
system	NN
with	IN
an	DT
interim	JJ
connection	NN
to	TO
Concourse	NNP
C	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
utility	NN
improvements	NNS
needed	VBN
to	TO
support	VB
these	DT
projects	NNS
.	.
Other	JJ
projects	NNS
primarily	RB
related	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Tier	NNP
2	CD
Concourse	NNP
,	,
consisting	VBG
of	IN
Tier	NN
2	CD
itself	PRP
,	,
the	DT
International	NNP
Arrivals	NNPS
APM	NNP
,	,
portions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
domestic	JJ
APM	NNP
to	TO
Tier	VB
2	CD
,	,
baggage	NN
tunnels	NNS
,	,
the	DT
South	NNP
Utility	NNP
Building	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
demolition	NN
of	IN
Concourse	NNP
C\/D	NNP
are	VBP
being	VBG
deferred	VBN
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
expects	VBZ
to	TO
proceed	VB
with	IN
these	DT
projects	NNS
when	WRB
circumstances	NNS
are	VBP
appropriate	JJ
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
projects	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Proposed	NNP
Action	NNP
are	VBP
being	VBG
retained	VBN
in	IN
this	DT
environmental	JJ
assessment	NN
because	IN
the	DT
Authority	NNP
expects	VBZ
to	TO
proceed	VB
with	IN
them	PRP
.	.
For	IN
purposes	NNS
of	IN
impact	NN
analysis	NN
,	,
an	DT
aggressive	JJ
schedule	NN
has	VBZ
been	VBN
assumed	VBN
,	,
under	IN
which	WDT
all	DT
projects	NNS
would	MD
be	VB
completed	VBN
by	IN
2008	CD
.	.
NEPA	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
National	NNP
Environmental	NNP
Policy	NNP
Act	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
of	IN
1969	CD
,	,
as	IN
amended	VBN
,	,
establishes	VBZ
a	DT
broad	JJ
national	JJ
policy	NN
to	TO
improve	VB
the	DT
relationship	NN
between	IN
humans	NNS
and	CC
their	PRP$
environment	NN
,	,
and	CC
sets	VBZ
out	RP
policies	NNS
and	CC
goals	NNS
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
environmental	JJ
considerations	NNS
are	VBP
given	VBN
careful	JJ
attention	NN
and	CC
appropriate	JJ
weight	NN
in	IN
decisions	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
federal	JJ
government	NN
.	.
An	DT
EA	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
public	JJ
disclosure	NN
document	NN
,	,
which	WDT
analyzes	VBZ
various	JJ
environmental	JJ
impacts	NNS
and	CC
alternatives	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
proposed	VBN
action	NN
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
the	DT
EA	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
provide	VB
officials	NNS
,	,
decision-makers	NNS
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
public	NN
with	IN
an	DT
understanding	NN
of	IN
the	DT
potential	JJ
environmental	JJ
consequences	NNS
of	IN
a	DT
proposed	VBN
project	NN
.	.
The	DT
Draft	NNP
EA	NNP
addresses	VBZ
the	DT
environmental	JJ
consequences	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Proposed	NNP
Action	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
Build	NNP
Alternative	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
No	DT
Build	JJ
Alternative	NNP
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
other	JJ
issues	NNS
including	VBG
noise	NN
,	,
air	NN
quality	NN
,	,
water	NN
quality	NN
,	,
endangered	VBN
and	CC
threatened	VBN
species	NNS
and	CC
wetlands	NNS
.	.
The	DT
events	NNS
of	IN
September	NNP
11	CD
,	,
2001	CD
and	CC
the	DT
economic	JJ
uncertainties	NNS
facing	VBG
commercial	JJ
aviation	NN
have	VBP
affected	VBN
the	DT
timing	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
Tier	NN
2	CD
Concourse	NNP
and	CC
Related	NNP
Projects	NNPS
.	.
MWAA	NNP
has	VBZ
determined	VBN
that	IN
some	DT
of	IN
the	DT
projects	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
action	NN
will	MD
commence	VB
shortly	RB
after	IN
the	DT
completion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
NEPA	NNP
approval	NN
processes	NNS
.	.
Other	JJ
projects	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
deferred	VBN
,	,
principally	RB
for	IN
economic	JJ
circumstances	NNS
.	.
For	IN
the	DT
purposes	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
EA	NNP
,	,
all	DT
of	IN
the	DT
projects	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
Proposed	NNP
Action	NNP
should	MD
be	VB
viewed	VBN
as	IN
proposed	VBN
for	IN
construction	NN
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
even	RB
the	DT
deferred	JJ
projects	NNS
are	VBP
being	VBG
evaluated	VBN
on	IN
environmental	JJ
grounds	NNS
in	IN
this	DT
assessment	NN
.	.
Approximately	RB
26	CD
acres	NNS
of	IN
wetlands	NNS
may	MD
be	VB
altered	VBN
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
Tier	NNP
2	CD
.	.
MWAA	NNP
has	VBZ
submitted	VBN
a	DT
Joint	NNP
permit	NN
Application	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Environment	NNP
Quality	NNP
for	IN
Tier	NNP
2	CD
.	.
These	DT
wetlands	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
replaced	VBN
by	IN
new	JJ
wetlands	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
being	VBG
created	VBN
through	IN
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
's	POS
Wetland	NNP
Banking	NNP
Program	NNP
.	.
Air	NNP
emission	NN
sources	NNS
at	IN
Dulles	NNP
Airport	NNP
include	VBP
stationary	JJ
sources	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
heating	NN
equipment	NN
,	,
emergency	NN
generators	NNS
-RRB-	-RRB-
and	CC
mobile	JJ
sources	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
e.g.	FW
,	,
mobile	JJ
lounges	NNS
,	,
traffic	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
Air	NNP
emissions	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
within	IN
the	DT
air	NN
quality	NN
permit	VBP
limitations	NNS
.	.
The	DT
proposed	JJ
projects	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
expected	VBN
to	TO
result	VB
in	IN
an	DT
increase	NN
in	IN
airport	NN
operations	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
types	NNS
and	CC
number	NN
of	IN
aircraft	NN
used	VBN
,	,
runway	NN
layout	NN
,	,
and	CC
runway	NN
utilization	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
The	DT
number	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
surrounding	VBG
communities	NNS
that	WDT
live	VBP
and	CC
work	VBP
within	IN
the	DT
area	NN
influenced	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
noise	NN
contors	NNS
is	VBZ
not	RB
anticipated	VBN
to	TO
increase	VB
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
these	DT
projects	NNS
.	.
Therefore	RB
,	,
no	DT
noise	NN
impacts	NNS
are	VBP
expected	VBN
to	TO
occur	VB
as	IN
a	DT
direct	JJ
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
implementation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
proposed	JJ
projects	NNS
.	.
Overall	RB
,	,
the	DT
proposed	JJ
projects	NNS
are	VBP
not	RB
expected	VBN
to	TO
cause	VB
adverse	JJ
social	JJ
or	CC
socioeconomic	JJ
impact	NN
on	IN
the	DT
communities	NNS
surrounding	VBG
the	DT
airport	NN
.	.
Since	IN
the	DT
proposed	JJ
projects	NNS
involve	VBP
construction	NN
located	VBN
entirely	RB
within	IN
the	DT
airport	NN
proper	JJ
,	,
the	DT
projects	NNS
will	MD
not	RB
result	VB
in	IN
the	DT
relocation	NN
of	IN
residences	NNS
and	CC
businesses	NNS
or	CC
disrupt	VB
established	VBN
communities	NNS
or	CC
planned	VBN
development	NN
.	.
The	DT
Tier	NNP
2	CD
improvement	NN
projects	NNS
will	MD
not	RB
affect	VB
noise	NN
levels	NNS
,	,
and	CC
therefore	RB
would	MD
have	VB
no	DT
impact	NN
on	IN
nearby	JJ
schools	NNS
,	,
hospitals	NNS
,	,
and	CC
places	NNS
of	IN
public	JJ
assembly	NN
.	.
Traffic	NN
is	VBZ
not	RB
expected	VBN
to	TO
increase	VB
as	IN
a	DT
result	NN
of	IN
the	DT
Tier	NNP
2	CD
Concourse	NNP
and	CC
Related	NNP
Projects	NNPS
.	.
The	DT
proposed	JJ
projects	NNS
are	VBP
intended	VBN
to	TO
replace	VB
existing	VBG
facilities	NNS
and	CC
enhance	VB
services	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
currently	RB
provided	VBN
at	IN
Dulles	NNP
Airport	NNP
.	.
The	DT
ROD	NNP
completes	VBZ
a	DT
thorough	JJ
and	CC
careful	JJ
environmental	JJ
and	CC
decision	NN
making	VBG
process	NN
,	,
including	VBG
FAA	NNP
's	POS
public	JJ
disclosure	NN
and	CC
review	NN
by	IN
the	DT
FAA	NNP
decision	NN
maker	NN
of	IN
the	DT
analyses	NNS
and	CC
impacts	NNS
described	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
August	NNP
11	CD
,	,
2005	CD
FEIS	NNP
.	.
The	DT
ROD	NNP
documents	NNS
FAA	NNP
compliance	NN
with	IN
several	JJ
procedural	JJ
and	CC
substantive	JJ
requirements	NNS
of	IN
aeronautical	JJ
,	,
environmental	JJ
,	,
programmatic	JJ
,	,
and	CC
related	JJ
statutes	NNS
and	CC
regulations	NNS
that	WDT
apply	VBP
to	TO
FAA	NNP
's	POS
decision	NN
and	CC
actions	NNS
on	IN
proposed	VBN
runway	NN
development	NN
and	CC
airport	NN
expansion	NN
projects	NNS
.	.
FAA	NNP
arrived	VBD
at	IN
these	DT
determinations	NNS
and	CC
approvals	NNS
by	IN
reviewing	VBG
the	DT
environmental	JJ
analysis	NN
in	IN
the	DT
FEIS	NNP
and	CC
all	DT
other	JJ
relevant	JJ
documents	NNS
that	WDT
comprise	VBP
the	DT
Administrative	NNP
Record	NNP
.	.
Read	VB
the	DT
FAA	NNP
ROD	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
FEIS	NNP
for	IN
more	JJR
details	NNS
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
would	MD
prefer	VB
to	TO
read	VB
a	DT
hard	JJ
copy	NN
of	IN
the	DT
FAA	NNP
ROD	NNP
and	CC
the	DT
FEIS	NNP
,	,
scroll	NN
down	IN
to	TO
find	VB
the	DT
location	NN
in	IN
Fairfax	NNP
or	CC
Loudoun	NNP
County	NNP
that	WDT
is	VBZ
most	RBS
convenient	JJ
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
Both	DT
documents	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
for	IN
viewing	VBG
;	:
the	DT
documents	NNS
can	MD
not	RB
be	VB
checked	VBN
out	RP
.	.
To	TO
view	VB
the	DT
document	NN
at	IN
MWAA	NNP
or	CC
FAA	NNP
offices	NNS
,	,
appointments	NNS
should	MD
be	VB
made	VBN
in	IN
advance	NN
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
this	DT
group	NN
is	VBZ
to	TO
plan	VB
,	,
provide	VB
and	CC
actively	RB
manage	VB
world-class	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
global	JJ
aviation	NN
system	NN
in	IN
a	DT
way	NN
that	IN
anticipates	VBZ
and	CC
serves	VBZ
the	DT
needs	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
DC	NNP
region	NN
.	.
Governed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
13-member	JJ
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
with	IN
five	CD
members	NNS
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Governor	NNP
of	IN
Virginia	NNP
,	,
three	CD
by	IN
the	DT
Mayor	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
District	NNP
of	IN
Columbia	NNP
,	,
two	CD
by	IN
the	DT
Governor	NNP
of	IN
Maryland	NNP
and	CC
three	CD
by	IN
the	DT
President	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
,	,
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
operates	VBZ
a	DT
two-airport	JJ
system	NN
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
domestic	JJ
and	CC
international	JJ
air	NN
service	NN
.	.
The	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
self-supporting	JJ
,	,
using	VBG
aircraft	NN
landing	NN
fees	NNS
and	CC
revenues	NNS
from	IN
concessions	NNS
to	TO
fund	VB
operating	NN
expenses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
taxpayer-funded	JJ
.	.
A	DT
cooperating	VBG
agency	NN
is	VBZ
an	DT
agency	NN
that	WDT
has	VBZ
jurisdiction	NN
by	IN
law	NN
or	CC
special	JJ
expertise	NN
regarding	VBG
any	DT
environmental	JJ
impact	NN
resulting	VBG
from	IN
a	DT
proposed	VBN
project	NN
or	CC
reasonable	JJ
alternative	NN
.	.
The	DT
U.S.	NNP
Army	NNP
Corps	NNP
of	IN
Engineer	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
USACE	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
was	VBD
invited	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
FAA	NNP
to	TO
participate	VB
as	IN
cooperating	VBG
agency	NN
for	IN
this	DT
EIS	NNP
.	.
The	DT
goal	NN
of	IN
involving	VBG
various	JJ
agencies	NNS
was	VBD
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
the	DT
FAA	NNP
was	VBD
assisted	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
preparation	NN
of	IN
the	DT
EIS	NNP
such	JJ
that	IN
the	DT
document	NN
contained	VBD
all	PDT
the	DT
information	NN
each	DT
cooperating	VBG
agency	NN
needs	VBZ
to	TO
fulfill	VB
its	PRP$
NEPA	NNP
responsibilities	NNS
and	CC
for	IN
the	DT
agencies	NNS
to	TO
make	VB
independent	JJ
decisions	NNS
on	IN
resources	NNS
and	CC
issues	NNS
under	IN
their	PRP$
respective	JJ
purview	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
s	PRP
-RRB-	-RRB-
.	.
As	IN
such	JJ
,	,
the	DT
USACE	NNP
began	VBD
participation	NN
in	IN
the	DT
NEPA	NNP
process	NN
at	IN
the	DT
earliest	JJS
appropriate	JJ
time	NN
.	.
Their	PRP$
actions	NNS
have	VBP
included	VBN
making	VBG
staff	NN
support	NN
available	JJ
,	,
exchanging	VBG
relevant	JJ
information	NN
throughout	IN
the	DT
EIS	NNP
process	NN
,	,
submitting	VBG
independent	JJ
recommendations	NNS
,	,
and	CC
assisting	VBG
the	DT
FAA	NNP
in	IN
developing	VBG
responses	NNS
to	TO
``	``
designated	VBN
resource	NN
''	''
comments	NNS
received	VBN
on	IN
the	DT
Draft	NNP
and	CC
Final	NNP
EIS	NNP
.	.
The	DT
USACE	NNP
was	VBD
not	RB
responsible	JJ
however	RB
,	,
for	IN
the	DT
actual	JJ
preparation	NN
of	IN
any	DT
portion	NN
of	IN
the	DT
EIS	NNP
or	CC
related	VBN
technical	JJ
reports	NNS
.	.
The	DT
EIS	NNP
process	NN
involves	VBZ
gathering	NN
and	CC
analyzing	VBG
data	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
assess	VB
and	CC
document	VB
potential	JJ
environmental	JJ
effects	NNS
of	IN
building	NN
and	CC
operating	VBG
the	DT
new	JJ
runways	NNS
.	.
This	DT
EIS	NNP
documents	NNS
the	DT
need	NN
for	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
runways	NNS
;	:
identifies	VBZ
possible	JJ
alternatives	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
location	NN
of	IN
the	DT
runways	NNS
;	:
evaluates	VBZ
environmental	JJ
impacts	NNS
and	CC
identifies	VBZ
mitigation	NN
options	NNS
.	.
The	DT
EIS	NNP
process	NN
also	RB
provides	VBZ
a	DT
forum	NN
for	IN
review	NN
and	CC
comment	NN
by	IN
appropriate	JJ
governmental	JJ
agencies	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
These	DT
comments	NNS
help	VBP
guide	VB
the	DT
direction	NN
and	CC
focus	NN
of	IN
the	DT
EIS	NNP
to	TO
ensure	VB
that	IN
local	JJ
and	CC
regional	JJ
priorities	NNS
and	CC
objectives	NNS
are	VBP
properly	RB
addressed	VBN
.	.
The	DT
EIS	NNP
process	NN
ends	VBZ
with	IN
the	DT
issuance	NN
of	IN
a	DT
Record	NNP
of	IN
Decision	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
ROD	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
by	IN
the	DT
FAA	NNP
.	.
If	IN
the	DT
project	NN
is	VBZ
approved	VBN
from	IN
an	DT
environmental	JJ
standpoint	NN
through	IN
the	DT
ROD	NNP
,	,
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
may	MD
be	VB
eligible	JJ
to	TO
receive	VB
federal	JJ
funds	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
construction	NN
of	IN
the	DT
project	NN
.	.
After	IN
a	DT
ROD	NNP
is	VBZ
issued	VBN
supporting	VBG
the	DT
preferred	VBN
alternative	NN
for	IN
the	DT
runways	NNS
,	,
it	PRP
typically	RB
would	MD
take	VB
another	DT
two	CD
to	TO
three	CD
years	NNS
to	TO
construct	VB
the	DT
proposed	VBN
improvements	NNS
.	.
The	DT
EIS	NNP
is	VBZ
a	DT
source	NN
of	IN
detailed	JJ
information	NN
on	IN
the	DT
environmental	JJ
impacts	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
alternatives	NNS
under	IN
review	NN
.	.
This	DT
information	NN
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
assist	VB
the	DT
FAA	NNP
in	IN
making	VBG
its	PRP$
decision	NN
on	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
project	NN
.	.
Presentation	NN
boards	NNS
were	VBD
used	VBN
to	TO
show	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
up-to-date	JJ
alternatives	NNS
evaluation	NN
including	VBG
impacts	NNS
to	TO
noise	NN
,	,
air	NN
quality	NN
and	CC
wetlands	NNS
.	.
Comment	NN
forms	NNS
,	,
the	DT
latest	JJS
newsletter	NN
and	CC
copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
presentation	NN
boards	NNS
were	VBD
distributed	VBN
at	IN
registration	NN
.	.
A	DT
total	NN
of	IN
18	CD
attendees	NNS
provided	VBN
comments	NNS
before	IN
a	DT
public	JJ
hearing	NN
officer	NN
.	.
Attendees	NNS
were	VBD
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
written	VBN
or	CC
verbal	JJ
comments	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
or	CC
to	TO
mail	VB
their	PRP$
comment	NN
forms	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
FAA	NNP
Project	NNP
Manager	NNP
by	IN
March	NNP
7	CD
,	,
2005	CD
.	.
Approximately	RB
380	CD
comment	NN
forms	NNS
were	VBD
received	VBN
during	IN
the	DT
comment	NN
period	NN
.	.
The	DT
open-house	NN
workshops	NNS
were	VBD
designed	VBN
to	TO
gather	VB
further	JJ
public	JJ
input	NN
in	IN
the	DT
EIS	NNP
process	NN
and	CC
to	TO
present	VB
the	DT
preliminary	JJ
environmental	JJ
impacts	NNS
.	.
Presentation	NN
boards	NNS
were	VBD
used	VBN
to	TO
show	VB
the	DT
most	RBS
up-to-date	JJ
alternatives	NNS
evaluation	NN
including	VBG
impacts	NNS
to	TO
noise	NN
,	,
air	NN
quality	NN
and	CC
wetlands	NNS
.	.
Comment	NN
forms	NNS
,	,
the	DT
latest	JJS
newsletter	NN
and	CC
copies	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
presentation	NN
boards	NNS
were	VBD
distributed	VBN
at	IN
registration	NN
.	.
Attendees	NNS
were	VBD
encouraged	VBN
to	TO
provide	VB
written	VBN
or	CC
verbal	JJ
comments	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
or	CC
to	TO
mail	VB
their	PRP$
comment	NN
forms	NNS
to	TO
the	DT
FAA	NNP
Project	NNP
Manager	NNP
by	IN
May	NNP
7	CD
,	,
2004	CD
.	.
Court	NNP
reporters	NNS
also	RB
were	VBD
available	JJ
at	IN
both	DT
meetings	NNS
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
record	VB
verbatim	JJ
verbal	JJ
comments	NNS
.	.
Two	CD
meetings	NNS
were	VBD
held	VBN
,	,
one	CD
in	IN
Loudoun	NNP
County	NNP
and	CC
one	CD
in	IN
Fairfax	NNP
County	NNP
to	TO
present	VB
the	DT
Purpose	NNP
and	CC
Need	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
two	CD
new	JJ
runways	NNS
,	,
preliminary	JJ
Alternatives	NNP
under	IN
consideration	NN
and	CC
the	DT
Affected	NNP
Environment	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Purpose	NNP
and	CC
Need	NNP
presents	VBZ
a	DT
justification	NN
for	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
project	NN
.	.
The	DT
preliminary	JJ
alternatives	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
developed	VBN
out	IN
of	IN
information	NN
gathered	VBN
from	IN
the	DT
Public	NNP
Scoping	NNP
Meetings	NNS
held	VBD
last	JJ
year	NN
,	,
past	JJ
and	CC
present	JJ
studies	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
region	NN
,	,
public	JJ
and	CC
agency	NN
comments	NNS
,	,
and	CC
passenger	NN
and	CC
cargo	NN
traffic	NN
analyses	NNS
,	,
among	IN
other	JJ
sources	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Affected	NNP
Environment	NNP
data	NNS
represents	VBZ
the	DT
culmination	NN
of	IN
work	NN
accomplished	VBN
over	IN
the	DT
last	JJ
year	NN
to	TO
identify	VB
environmental	JJ
and	CC
social\/cultural	JJ
resources	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
EIS	NNP
study	NN
area	NN
.	.
The	DT
first	JJ
phase	NN
in	IN
the	DT
EIS	NNP
process	NN
was	VBD
conducting	VBG
``	``
Scoping	VBG
''	''
meetings	NNS
with	IN
agencies	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
public	NN
.	.
These	DT
meetings	NNS
offered	VBD
the	DT
public	JJ
the	DT
opportunity	NN
to	TO
provide	VB
written	VBN
and	CC
verbal	JJ
inputs	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
project	NN
ensuring	VBG
that	IN
the	DT
full	JJ
range	NN
of	IN
issues	NNS
were	VBD
identified	VBN
.	.
The	DT
public	NN
was	VBD
asked	VBN
to	TO
suggest	VB
ideas	NNS
,	,
alternatives	NNS
,	,
concerns	NNS
and	CC
expectations	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
study	NN
.	.
An	DT
Agency	NNP
Scoping	NNP
meeting	NN
held	VBD
at	IN
the	DT
Dulles	NNP
Marriott	NNP
on	IN
26	CD
June	NNP
2002	CD
involved	JJ
27	CD
representatives	NNS
from	IN
stakeholder	NN
agencies	NNS
.	.
During	IN
each	DT
meeting	NN
a	DT
video	NN
presentation	NN
was	VBD
shown	VBN
and	CC
attendees	NNS
were	VBD
invited	VBN
to	TO
view	VB
study	NN
information	NN
and	CC
speak	VBP
directly	RB
with	IN
study	NN
team	NN
members	NNS
.	.
All	DT
comments	NNS
received	VBD
,	,
both	DT
verbal	JJ
and	CC
written	VBN
,	,
were	VBD
added	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
public	JJ
record	NN
,	,
coded	VBN
and	CC
analyzed	VBN
.	.
All	DT
comments	NNS
received	VBN
will	MD
be	VB
included	VBN
verbatim	JJ
in	IN
an	DT
Appendix	NN
to	TO
the	DT
Draft	NN
and	CC
Final	JJ
EIS	NNP
's	POS
.	.
Council	NNP
on	IN
Environmental	NNP
Quality	NNP
-	:
Coordinates	VBZ
federal	JJ
environmental	JJ
efforts	NNS
and	CC
works	VBZ
closely	RB
with	IN
agencies	NNS
and	CC
other	JJ
White	NNP
House	NNP
offices	NNS
in	IN
the	DT
development	NN
of	IN
environmental	JJ
policies	NNS
and	CC
initiatives	NNS
.	.
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Aviation	NNP
-	:
The	NNP
Virginia	NNP
Department	NNP
of	IN
Aviation	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
DOAV	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
is	VBZ
a	DT
state	NN
transportation	NN
agency	NN
.	.
The	DT
mission	NN
of	IN
the	DT
DOAV	NNP
is	VBZ
to	TO
``	``
progressively	RB
develop	VB
and	CC
maintain	VB
a	DT
safe	JJ
,	,
technologically	RB
advanced	VBN
,	,
market-driven	JJ
air	NN
transportation	NN
system	NN
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
the	DT
citizens	NNS
of	IN
Virginia	NNP
with	IN
convenient	JJ
and	CC
efficient	JJ
access	NN
to	TO
the	DT
expanding	VBG
world	NN
community	NN
.	.
''	''
Environmental	NNP
Impact	NNP
Statement	NNP
-	:
A	NNP
document	NN
prepared	VBD
to	TO
describe	VB
the	DT
effects	NNS
for	IN
proposed	VBN
activities	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
environment	NN
.	.
``	``
Environment	NNP
,	,
''	''
in	IN
this	DT
case	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
defined	VBN
as	IN
the	DT
natural	JJ
and	CC
physical	JJ
environment	NN
and	CC
the	DT
relationship	NN
of	IN
people	NNS
with	IN
that	DT
environment	NN
.	.
This	DT
means	VBZ
that	IN
the	DT
``	``
environment	NN
''	''
considered	VBN
in	IN
an	DT
EIS	NNP
includes	VBZ
land	NN
,	,
water	NN
,	,
air	NN
,	,
structures	NNS
,	,
living	VBG
organisms	NNS
,	,
environmental	JJ
values	NNS
at	IN
the	DT
site	NN
,	,
and	CC
the	DT
social	JJ
,	,
cultural	JJ
,	,
and	CC
economic	JJ
aspects	NNS
.	.
The	DT
right	NN
to	TO
use	VB
or	CC
access	VB
property	NN
for	IN
a	DT
certain	JJ
time	NN
limit	NN
without	IN
owning	VBG
it	PRP
-	:
similar	JJ
to	TO
property	NN
``	``
rental	JJ
.	.
''	''
When	WRB
you	PRP
secure	VBP
an	DT
easement	NN
you	PRP
pay	VBP
the	DT
owner	NN
for	IN
that	DT
right	NN
,	,
but	CC
you	PRP
do	VBP
not	RB
retain	VB
ownership	NN
of	IN
that	DT
property	NN
.	.
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
-	:
Governed	VBN
by	IN
a	DT
13-member	JJ
Board	NNP
of	IN
Directors	NNS
with	IN
five	CD
members	NNS
appointed	VBN
by	IN
the	DT
Governor	NNP
of	IN
Virginia	NNP
,	,
three	CD
by	IN
the	DT
Mayor	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
District	NNP
of	IN
Columbia	NNP
,	,
two	CD
by	IN
the	DT
Governor	NNP
of	IN
Maryland	NNP
and	CC
three	CD
by	IN
the	DT
President	NNP
of	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
,	,
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
operates	VBZ
a	DT
two-airport	JJ
system	NN
that	WDT
provides	VBZ
domestic	JJ
and	CC
international	JJ
air	NN
service	NN
for	IN
the	DT
mid-Atlantic	JJ
region	NN
.	.
The	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
self-supporting	JJ
,	,
using	VBG
aircraft	NN
landing	NN
fees	NNS
and	CC
revenues	NNS
from	IN
concessions	NNS
to	TO
fund	VB
operating	NN
expenses	NNS
.	.
The	DT
Authority	NNP
is	VBZ
not	RB
taxpayer-funded	JJ
.	.
Record	NNP
of	IN
Decision	NN
-	:
An	DT
official	JJ
document	NN
that	IN
states	VBZ
the	DT
responsible	JJ
federal	JJ
agency	NN
's	POS
findings	NNS
on	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
project	NN
and	CC
sets	VBZ
forth	RB
conditions	NNS
under	IN
which	WDT
federal	JJ
approval	NN
of	IN
a	DT
proposed	VBN
project	NN
is	VBZ
granted	VBN
.	.
Visual	JJ
Flight	NNP
Rules	NNS
-	:
Rules	NNS
that	WDT
govern	VBP
the	DT
procedures	NNS
for	IN
conducting	VBG
flight	NN
under	IN
visual	JJ
conditions	NNS
.	.
The	DT
term	NN
``	``
VFR	NNP
''	''
is	VBZ
also	RB
used	VBN
in	IN
the	DT
United	NNP
States	NNPS
to	TO
indicate	VB
weather	NN
conditions	NNS
that	WDT
are	VBP
equal	JJ
to	TO
or	CC
greater	JJR
than	IN
minimum	JJ
VFR	NNP
requirements	NNS
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
it	PRP
is	VBZ
used	VBN
by	IN
pilots	NNS
and	CC
controllers	NNS
to	TO
indicate	VB
type	NN
of	IN
flight	NN
plan	NN
.	.
There	EX
is	VBZ
a	DT
blue	JJ
``	``
i	FW
''	''
button	NN
on	IN
the	DT
front	NN
of	IN
each	DT
machine	NN
.	.
When	WRB
pressed	VBN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
connected	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
customer	NN
service	NN
representative	NN
who	WP
will	MD
assist	VB
you	PRP
in	IN
operating	VBG
the	DT
machines	NNS
.	.
Should	MD
you	PRP
continue	VB
to	TO
experience	VB
difficulties	NNS
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
directed	VBN
to	TO
a	DT
cashiered	JJ
exit	NN
lane	NN
,	,
where	WRB
a	DT
cashier	NN
will	MD
assist	VB
you	PRP
in	IN
making	VBG
payment	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
parking	NN
.	.
In	IN
addition	NN
,	,
customer	NN
service	NN
representatives	NNS
will	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
in	IN
the	DT
Main	NNP
Terminal	NNP
in	IN
order	NN
to	TO
assist	VB
you	PRP
.	.
Look	VB
for	IN
their	PRP$
white	JJ
shirts	NNS
with	IN
the	DT
Pay	VB
&	CC
Go	VB
logo	NN
.	.
Once	RB
you	PRP
pay	VBP
at	IN
the	DT
Pay	VB
&	CC
Go	VB
machines	NNS
,	,
take	VB
the	DT
ticket	NN
that	IN
the	DT
machines	NNS
return	VBP
to	TO
you	PRP
and	CC
go	VB
to	TO
the	DT
exit	NN
plaza	NN
.	.
Drive	NNP
to	TO
a	DT
Pay	VB
&	CC
Go	VB
lane	NN
and	CC
insert	VB
your	PRP$
ticket	NN
into	IN
the	DT
exit	NN
machine	NN
.	.
The	DT
machine	NN
will	MD
recognize	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
made	VBD
payment	NN
at	IN
a	DT
Pay	VB
&	CC
Go	VB
machine	NN
and	CC
raise	VB
the	DT
gate	NN
so	IN
you	PRP
can	MD
be	VB
on	IN
your	PRP$
way	NN
!	.
Please	VB
note	NN
that	IN
you	PRP
will	MD
not	RB
get	VB
your	PRP$
ticket	NN
back	RB
at	IN
the	DT
Pay	VB
&	CC
Go	VB
lane	NN
once	IN
you	PRP
insert	VBP
it	PRP
.	.
Yes	UH
,	,
you	PRP
can	MD
still	RB
pay	VB
at	IN
a	DT
cashier	NN
booth	NN
in	IN
the	DT
exit	NN
plaza	NN
in	IN
each	DT
parking	NN
facility	NN
.	.
However	RB
,	,
the	DT
number	NN
of	IN
cashiered	JJ
exit	NN
lanes	NNS
has	VBZ
been	VBN
reduced	VBN
to	TO
accelerate	VB
the	DT
exiting	VBG
of	IN
patrons	NNS
using	VBG
Pay	VB
&	CC
Go	VB
.	.
The	DT
Hourly	NNP
and	CC
Economy	NNP
Lots	NNP
each	DT
have	VBP
three	CD
cashiered	JJ
exit	NN
lanes	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
Daily	NNP
1	CD
and	CC
Daily	NNP
2	CD
Garages	NNPS
each	DT
have	VBP
two	CD
.	.
The	DT
Pay	VB
&	CC
Go	VB
machine	NN
encodes	VBZ
your	PRP$
ticket	NN
with	IN
your	PRP$
payment	NN
information	NN
and	CC
returns	VBZ
the	DT
ticket	NN
to	TO
you	PRP
.	.
The	DT
machine	NN
in	IN
the	DT
Pay	VB
&	CC
Go	VB
exit	NN
lane	NN
will	MD
read	VB
the	DT
encoded	VBN
information	NN
on	IN
this	DT
ticket	NN
and	CC
recognize	VB
that	IN
you	PRP
paid	VBD
.	.
You	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
unable	JJ
to	TO
make	VB
payment	NN
for	IN
your	PRP$
parking	NN
at	IN
a	DT
Pay	VB
&	CC
Go	VB
machine	NN
without	IN
your	PRP$
ticket	NN
.	.
If	IN
you	PRP
forget	VB
your	PRP$
ticket	NN
,	,
proceed	VB
to	TO
a	DT
cashiered	JJ
exit	NN
lane	NN
.	.
Remember	VB
to	TO
keep	VB
your	PRP$
parking	NN
ticket	NN
with	IN
you	PRP
on	IN
your	PRP$
next	JJ
visit	NN
.	.
A	DT
specific	JJ
number	NN
of	IN
minutes	NNS
,	,
called	VBD
a	DT
``	``
grace	NN
period	NN
,	,
''	''
are	VBP
set	VBN
for	IN
each	DT
parking	NN
area	NN
.	.
The	DT
grace	NN
period	NN
allows	VBZ
sufficient	JJ
travel	NN
time	NN
to	TO
get	VB
to	TO
the	DT
parking	NN
area	NN
on-foot	JJ
or	CC
via	IN
a	DT
shuttle	NN
bus	NN
,	,
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
adequate	JJ
time	NN
to	TO
proceed	VB
to	TO
the	DT
exit	NN
plaza	NN
.	.
These	DT
times	NNS
have	VBP
been	VBN
determined	VBN
based	VBN
on	IN
average	JJ
passenger	NN
exit	NN
times	NNS
for	IN
each	DT
parking	NN
area	NN
.	.
Should	MD
you	PRP
exceed	VB
this	DT
grace	NN
period	NN
,	,
you	PRP
will	MD
be	VB
prompted	VBN
to	TO
pay	VB
an	DT
additional	JJ
fee	NN
at	IN
the	DT
exit	NN
lane	NN
using	VBG
a	DT
credit	NN
card	NN
.	.
The	DT
purpose	NN
of	IN
these	DT
meetings	NNS
is	VBZ
to	TO
solicit	VB
comments	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
public	NN
on	IN
the	DT
proposed	VBN
abatement	NN
and	CC
mitigation	NN
alternatives	NNS
regarding	VBG
regional	JJ
aircraft	NN
noise	NN
.	.
A	DT
court	NN
reporter	NN
will	MD
be	VB
available	JJ
at	IN
the	DT
meeting	NN
to	TO
receive	VB
public	JJ
comments	NNS
and	CC
made	VBD
part	NN
of	IN
the	DT
official	NN
record	NN
of	IN
the	DT
study	NN
.	.
The	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
initiated	VBD
a	DT
major	JJ
update	VBP
of	IN
the	DT
Noise	NNP
Compatibility	NNP
Study	NNP
for	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
in	IN
2001	CD
.	.
During	IN
the	DT
study	NN
period	NN
,	,
the	DT
Authority	NNP
,	,
along	IN
with	IN
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Council	NNP
of	IN
Governments	NNS
and	CC
the	DT
Study	NNP
Advisory	NNP
Committee	NNP
,	,
held	VBD
13	CD
working	VBG
meetings	NNS
and	CC
five	CD
public	JJ
meetings	NNS
.	.
This	DT
study	NN
,	,
conducted	VBN
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
the	DT
regulations	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
Federal	NNP
Aviation	NNP
Administration	NNP
's	POS
process	NN
,	,
is	VBZ
designed	VBN
to	TO
forecast	VB
future	JJ
noise	NN
contors	NNS
at	IN
Reagan	NNP
National	NNP
and	CC
to	TO
examine	VB
possible	JJ
abatement	NN
and	CC
mitigation	NN
actions	NNS
to	TO
reduce	VB
community	NN
noise	NN
impacts	NNS
.	.
The	DT
current	JJ
Noise	NNP
Compatibility	NNP
Program	NNP
includes	VBZ
noise	NN
abatement	NN
flight	NN
corridors	NNS
,	,
aircraft	NN
thrust	NN
management	NN
procedures	NNS
,	,
nighttime	NN
aircraft	NN
noise	NN
limits	NNS
and	CC
restrictions	NNS
on	IN
nighttime	NN
engine	NN
run-ups	NNS
,	,
and	CC
was	VBD
last	JJ
revised	VBN
in	IN
1993	CD
in	IN
accordance	NN
with	IN
Part	NNP
150	CD
of	IN
Title	NNP
14	CD
of	IN
the	DT
Code	NNP
of	IN
Federal	NNP
Regulations	NNPS
,	,
which	WDT
establishes	VBZ
the	DT
Federal	NNP
Aviation	NNP
Administration	NNP
's	POS
standards	NNS
for	IN
noise	NN
impact	NN
evaluation	NN
and	CC
guidelines	NNS
for	IN
airport	NN
noise	NN
compatibility	NN
programs	NNS
.	.
Because	IN
of	IN
the	DT
importance	NN
of	IN
this	DT
issue	NN
to	TO
the	DT
community	NN
,	,
the	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Council	NNP
of	IN
Government	NNP
's	POS
Committee	NNP
on	IN
Noise	NNP
Abatement	NNP
and	CC
Aviation	NNP
at	IN
National	NNP
and	CC
Dulles	NNP
Airports	NNS
-LRB-	-LRB-
CONAANDA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
partnered	VBN
with	IN
MWAA	NNP
throughout	IN
the	DT
process	NN
.	.
A	DT
Community	NNP
Advisory	NNP
Committee	NNP
was	VBD
established	VBN
consisting	VBG
of	IN
elected	VBN
and	CC
citizen	NN
representatives	NNS
of	IN
the	DT
six	CD
surrounding	VBG
jurisdictions	NNS
as	RB
well	RB
as	IN
representatives	NNS
from	IN
the	DT
airline	NN
industry	NN
,	,
pilot	NN
organization	NN
,	,
Federal	NNP
Aviation	NNP
Administration	NNP
,	,
Environmental	NNP
Protection	NNP
Agency	NNP
,	,
National	NNP
Park	NNP
Service	NNP
and	CC
other	JJ
organizations	NNS
to	TO
assist	VB
and	CC
advise	VB
the	DT
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
in	IN
this	DT
study	NN
.	.
Even	RB
during	IN
its	PRP$
inaugural	JJ
year	NN
-LRB-	-LRB-
that	DT
means	VBZ
first	JJ
year	NN
in	IN
business	NN
-RRB-	-RRB-
,	,
the	DT
Airport	NNP
was	VBD
a	DT
popular	JJ
attraction	NN
for	IN
travelers	NNS
and	CC
visitors	NNS
alike	RB
.	.
While	IN
the	DT
Airport	NNP
handled	VBD
only	RB
344,257	CD
passengers	NNS
in	IN
1941	CD
,	,
more	JJR
than	IN
two	CD
million	CD
people	NNS
came	VBD
by	IN
the	DT
new	JJ
Airport	NNP
to	TO
visit	VB
it	PRP
.	.
In	IN
1998	CD
under	IN
another	DT
huge	JJ
addition	NN
was	VBD
made	VBN
to	TO
the	DT
Airport	NNP
when	WRB
a	DT
new	JJ
Terminal	NNP
building	NN
with	IN
one	CD
million	CD
square	JJ
feet	NNS
of	IN
space	NN
was	VBD
added	VBN
.	.
The	DT
``	``
New	NNP
National	NNP
''	''
now	RB
houses	VBZ
many	JJ
of	IN
the	DT
concessions	NNS
,	,
eateries	NNS
,	,
ticket	NN
counters	NNS
,	,
baggage	NN
claim	NN
areas	NNS
,	,
and	CC
aircraft	NN
gates	NNS
for	IN
the	DT
whole	JJ
Airport	NNP
.	.
The	DT
Metropolitan	NNP
Washington	NNP
Airports	NNPS
Authority	NNP
-LRB-	-LRB-
MWAA	NNP
-RRB-	-RRB-
did	VBD
n't	RB
just	RB
want	VB
to	TO
build	VB
a	DT
standard	JJ
building	NN
,	,
though	IN
;	:
it	PRP
wanted	VBD
an	DT
elegant	JJ
and	CC
artistic	JJ
building	NN
.	.
That	DT
's	VBZ
why	WRB
the	DT
outside	NN
of	IN
the	DT
building	NN
has	VBZ
rolling	VBG
Jeffersonian	JJ
domes	NNS
and	CC
why	WRB
the	DT
new	JJ
building	NN
houses	NNS
beautiful	JJ
window	NN
wall	NN
tiles	NNS
,	,
wall-hangings	NNS
and	CC
floor	NN
medallions	NNS
,	,
like	IN
th